Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note A. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of CNA Financial Corporation (CNAF) and its subsidiaries. Collectively, CNAF and its subsidiaries are referred to as CNA or the Company. Loews Corporation (Loews) owned approximately 89.6% of the outstanding common stock of CNAF as of December 31, 2020.
The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP). Intercompany amounts have been eliminated. The preparation of Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Consolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may differ from those estimates.
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards Updates (ASU)
ASU 2016-13: In June 2016 the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The updated accounting guidance requires changes to the recognition of credit losses on financial instruments not accounted for at fair value through the Company’s results of operations. For financial assets measured at cost, the expected credit loss model requires immediate recognition of estimated credit losses over the life of the asset and presentation of the asset at the net amount expected to be collected. This new guidance applies to mortgage loan investments, reinsurance and insurance receivables and other financing receivables. For available-for-sale fixed maturity securities carried at fair value, estimated credit losses will continue to be measured at the present value of expected cash flows, however, the other than temporary impairment (OTTI) concept has been eliminated. Under the previous guidance, estimated credit impairments resulted in a write-down of amortized cost. Under the new guidance, estimated credit losses are recognized through an allowance and reversals of the allowance are permitted if the estimate of credit losses declines. For available-for-sale fixed maturity securities where the Company has an intent to sell, impairment will continue to result in a write-down of amortized cost.
On January 1, 2020, the Company adopted the updated guidance using a modified retrospective method with a cumulative effect adjustment recorded to beginning Retained earnings. Prior period amounts have not been adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with the previous accounting guidance. A prospective transition approach is required for available-for-sale fixed maturity securities that were purchased with credit deterioration (PCD assets) or have recognized an OTTI write-down prior to the effective date. The cumulative effect of the accounting change resulted in a $5 million decrease in Retained earnings, with a corresponding $7 million allowance for credit losses recorded for Mortgage loans partially offset by a $2 million tax impact.
The allowance for uncollectible reinsurance and insurance receivables was unchanged as a result of adopting the new guidance. At adoption, an allowance for credit losses of $6 million was established for available-for-sale fixed maturity securities that were PCD assets, with a corresponding increase to amortized cost, resulting in no adjustment to the carrying value of the securities.
See the accounting policy discussion within this Note, as well as Notes B and G to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding credit losses.
ASU 2014-09: In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue Recognition (Topic 606): Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The standard excludes from its scope the accounting for insurance contracts, financial instruments, and certain other agreements that are governed under other GAAP guidance, but the standard does apply to certain of the Company's warranty products and services. The updated guidance requires an entity to recognize revenue as performance obligations are met, in an amount that reflects the consideration the entity is entitled to receive for the transfer of the promised goods or services.
On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted the updated guidance using the modified retrospective method applied to all contracts which were not completed as of the date of adoption and recognized a cumulative effect adjustment that decreased Retained earnings by $66 million, net of tax.
See Note R to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding non-insurance revenues from contracts with customers.
ASU 2016-01: In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, Financial Instruments - Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. The updated accounting guidance requires changes to the reporting model for financial instruments. The guidance primarily changes the model for equity securities by requiring changes in the fair value of equity securities (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting, those without readily determinable fair values and those that result in consolidation of the investee) to be recognized through the income statement.
The Company adopted the updated guidance on January 1, 2018 and recognized a cumulative effect adjustment that increased beginning Retained earnings by $28 million, net of tax.
Accounting Standards Pending Adoption
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-12, Financial Services-Insurance (Topic 944): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Long-Duration Contracts. The updated accounting guidance requires changes to the measurement and disclosure of long-duration contracts. The guidance requires entities to annually update cash flow assumptions, including morbidity and persistency, and update discount rate assumptions quarterly using an upper-medium grade fixed-income instrument yield. The effect of changes in cash flow assumptions will be recorded in the Company's results of operations and the effect of changes in discount rate assumptions will be recorded in Other comprehensive income. This guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2022. Early adoption is permitted. The Company may elect to apply the guidance using either a modified retrospective transition method or a full retrospective transition method. The guidance requires restatement of prior periods presented. The Company plans to adopt using the modified retrospective transition method and is currently evaluating the effect the updated guidance will have on its financial statements, including the increased disclosure requirements. The annual updating of cash flow assumptions is expected to increase income statement volatility. While the requirements of the new guidance represent a material change from existing GAAP, the underlying economics of the business and related cash flows will be unchanged.
Insurance Operations
Premiums: Insurance premiums on property and casualty insurance contracts are recognized in proportion to the underlying risk insured and are principally earned ratably over the term of the policies. Premiums on long term care contracts are earned ratably over the policy year in which they are due. The reserve for unearned premiums represents the portion of premiums written relating to the unexpired terms of coverage.
Property and casualty contracts that are retrospectively rated or subject to audit premiums contain provisions that result in an adjustment to the initial policy premium depending on the contract provisions. These provisions stipulate the adjustment due to loss experience of the insured during the coverage period, or changes in the level of exposure to insurance risk. For such contracts, the Company estimates the amount of ultimate premiums that the Company may earn upon completion of the coverage period and recognizes either an asset or a liability for the difference between the initial policy premium and the estimated ultimate premium. The Company either adjusts such estimated ultimate premium amounts during the course of the coverage period based on actual results to date, or by conducting premium audits after the policy has expired to determine the final exposure to insured risks. The resulting adjustment is recorded as either a reduction of or an increase to the earned premiums for the period.
Insurance receivables include balances due currently or in the future, including amounts due from insureds related to paid losses under high deductible policies, and are presented at unpaid balances, net of an allowance for uncollectible receivables. A loss rate methodology is used to determine expected credit losses for insurance receivables. This methodology uses the Company’s historical annual credit losses relative to gross premium written to develop a range of credit loss rates for each dollar of gross written premium underwritten. The
expected credit loss for amounts due from insureds under high deductible and retrospectively rated policies is calculated on a pool basis, informed by historical default rate data obtained from major rating agencies. Changes in the allowance are presented as a component of Other operating expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Amounts are considered past due based on policy payment terms. Insurance receivables and any related allowance are written off after collection efforts are exhausted or a negotiated settlement is reached. See the Credit Losses section of this note for additional information on the Company’s allowances for expected credit losses.
Claim and claim adjustment expense reserves: Claim and claim adjustment expense reserves, except reserves for structured settlements not associated with asbestos and environmental pollution (A&EP), workers' compensation lifetime claims and long term care claims, are not discounted and are based on i) case basis estimates for losses reported on direct business, adjusted in the aggregate for ultimate loss expectations; ii) estimates of incurred but not reported (IBNR) losses; iii) estimates of losses on assumed reinsurance; iv) estimates of future expenses to be incurred in the settlement of claims; v) estimates of salvage and subrogation recoveries and vi) estimates of amounts due from insureds related to losses under high deductible policies. Management considers current conditions and trends as well as past Company and industry experience in establishing these estimates. The effects of inflation, which can be significant, are implicitly considered in the reserving process and are part of the recorded reserve balance. Ceded claim and claim adjustment expense reserves are reported as a component of Reinsurance receivables on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Claim and claim adjustment expense reserves are presented net of anticipated amounts due from insureds related to losses under deductible policies of $1.2 billion as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. A significant portion of these amounts are supported by collateral. The Company has an allowance for uncollectible deductible amounts, which is presented as a component of the allowance for doubtful accounts included in Insurance receivables on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Structured settlements have been negotiated for certain property and casualty insurance claims. Structured settlements are agreements to provide fixed periodic payments to claimants. The Company's obligations for structured settlements not funded by annuities are included in claim and claim adjustment expense reserves and are discounted at a weighted average interest rate of 6.5% and 7.1% as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the discounted reserves for unfunded structured settlements were $520 million and $497 million, net of discount of $657 million and $724 million. For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, the amount of interest recognized on the discounted reserves of unfunded structured settlements was $35 million, $36 million and $40 million, respectively. This interest accretion is presented as a component of Insurance claims and policyholders’ benefits on the Consolidated Statements of Operations, but is excluded from the Company’s disclosure of prior year loss reserve development.
Workers' compensation lifetime claim reserves are calculated using mortality assumptions determined through statutory regulation and economic factors. At December 31, 2020 and 2019, workers' compensation lifetime claim reserves are discounted at a 3.5% interest rate. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the discounted reserves for workers’ compensation lifetime claim reserves were $258 million and $293 million, net of discount of $113 million and $135 million. For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, the amount of interest accretion recognized on the discounted reserves of workers’ compensation lifetime claim reserves was $15 million, $21 million and $16 million, respectively. This interest accretion is presented as a component of Insurance claims and policyholders' benefits on the Consolidated Statements of Operations, but is excluded from the Company's disclosure of prior year loss reserve development.
Long term care claim reserves for policyholders that are currently receiving benefits are calculated using mortality and morbidity assumptions based on Company and industry experience. These long term care claim reserves are discounted at a weighted average interest rate of 5.8% and 5.9% as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, such discounted reserves totaled $2.7 billion and $2.7 billion, net of discount of $439 million and $462 million.
Future policy benefit reserves: Future policy benefit reserves represent the active life reserves related to the Company's long term care policies for policyholders that are not currently receiving benefits and are computed using the net level premium method, which incorporates actuarial assumptions as to morbidity, persistency, inclusive of mortality, discount rate, future premium rate adjustments and expenses. Expense assumptions primarily relate to claim adjudication. These assumptions are locked in over the life of the policy; however if a premium deficiency emerges, the assumptions are unlocked and the future policy benefit reserves are increased. The September 30, 2020 gross premium valuation (GPV) indicated a premium deficiency of $74 million and future policy benefit reserves at that date were increased accordingly. As a result, the long term care active life reserves carried as of September 30, 2020 represent management’s best estimate assumptions at that date with no margin for adverse deviation. Long term care active life reserves are discounted at a weighted average interest rate of 5.4% and 5.7% as of December 31, 2020 and 2019.
In circumstances where the cash flow projections supporting future policy benefit reserves are expected to result in profits being recognized in early future years followed by losses in later future years, the future policy benefit reserves are increased in the future profitable years by an amount necessary to offset losses that are projected to be recognized in later future years. The amount of the additional future policy benefit reserves recorded in each period is determined by applying the ratio of the present value of future losses divided by the present value of future profits from the most recently completed GPV to long term care core income in that period.
Insurance-related assessments: Liabilities for insurance-related assessments are accrued when an assessment is probable, when it can be reasonably estimated and when the event obligating the entity to pay an imposed or probable assessment has occurred. Liabilities for insurance-related assessments are not discounted and are included as part of Other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the liability balances were $82 million and $84 million.
Reinsurance: Reinsurance accounting allows for contractual cash flows to be reflected as premiums and losses. To qualify for reinsurance accounting, reinsurance agreements must include risk transfer. To meet risk transfer requirements, a reinsurance contract must include both insurance risk, consisting of underwriting and timing risk, and a reasonable possibility of a significant loss for the assuming entity.
Reinsurance receivables related to paid losses are presented at unpaid balances. Reinsurance receivables related to unpaid losses are estimated in a manner consistent with claim and claim adjustment expense reserves or future policy benefit reserves. Reinsurance receivables are reported net of an allowance for uncollectible amounts on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The cost of reinsurance is primarily accounted for over the life of the underlying reinsured policies using assumptions consistent with those used to account for the underlying policies or over the reinsurance contract period. The ceding of insurance does not discharge the primary liability of the Company.
The Company has established an allowance for uncollectible reinsurance receivables which relates to both amounts already billed on ceded paid losses as well as ceded reserves that will be billed when losses are paid in the future. For assessing expected credit losses, the Company separates reinsurance receivables into two pools: voluntary reinsurance receivables and involuntary receivables related to mandatory pools. The Company has not recorded an allowance for involuntary pools as there is no perceived credit risk. The principal credit quality indicator used in the valuation of the allowance on voluntary reinsurance receivables is the financial strength rating of the reinsurer sourced from major rating agencies. If the reinsurer is unrated, an internal financial strength rating is assigned based on the Company’s historical loss experience and the Company’s assessment of reinsurance counterparty risk profile, which generally corresponds with a B rating. Reinsurer financial strength ratings are updated and reviewed on an annual basis or sooner if the Company becomes aware of significant changes related to a reinsurer. The allowance for uncollectible reinsurance receivables is estimated on the basis of periodic evaluations of balances due from reinsurers, reinsurer financial strength rating and solvency, industry experience and current and forecast economic conditions. Because billed receivables generally approximate 5% or less of total reinsurance receivables, the age of the reinsurance receivables related to paid losses is not a significant input into the allowance analysis. Changes in the allowance for uncollectible reinsurance receivables are presented as a component of Insurance claims and policyholders' benefits on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. See the Credit Losses section of this note for additional information on the Company's allowances for expected credit losses.
Amounts are considered past due based on the reinsurance contract terms. Reinsurance receivables related to paid losses and any related allowance are written off after collection efforts have been exhausted or a negotiated settlement is reached with the reinsurer. Reinsurance receivables from insolvent insurers related to paid losses are written off when the settlement due from the estate can be reasonably estimated. At the time reinsurance receivables related to paid losses are written off, any required adjustment to reinsurance receivables related to unpaid losses is recorded as a component of Insurance claims and policyholders' benefits on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
A loss portfolio transfer is a retroactive reinsurance contract. If the cumulative claim and allocated claim adjustment expenses ceded under a loss portfolio transfer exceed the consideration paid, the resulting gain from such excess is deferred and amortized into earnings in future periods in proportion to actual recoveries under the loss portfolio transfer. In any period in which there is a revised estimate of claim and allocated claim adjustment expenses and the loss portfolio transfer is in a gain position, the deferred gain is recalculated as if the revised estimate was available at the inception date of the loss portfolio transfer and the change in the deferred gain is recognized in earnings.
Deferred acquisition costs: Deferrable acquisition costs include commissions, premium taxes and certain underwriting and policy issuance costs which are incremental direct costs of successful contract acquisitions. Acquisition costs related to property and casualty business are deferred and amortized ratably over the period the related premiums are earned. Deferred acquisition costs are presented net of ceding commissions and other ceded acquisition costs.
The Company evaluates deferred acquisition costs for recoverability. Anticipated investment income is considered in the determination of the recoverability of deferred acquisition costs. Adjustments, if necessary, are recorded in current period results of operations.
Policyholder dividends: Policyholder dividends are paid to participating policyholders within the worker’s compensation and surety lines of business. Net written premiums for participating dividend policies were approximately 1% of total net written premiums for each of the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018. Dividends to policyholders are accrued according to the Company's best estimate of the amount to be paid in accordance with contractual provisions and applicable state laws. Dividends to policyholders are presented as a component of Insurance claims & policyholders' benefits on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Investments
The Company classifies its fixed maturity securities as either available-for-sale or trading, and as such, they are carried at fair value. Changes in fair value of trading securities are reported within Net investment income on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Changes in fair value related to available-for-sale securities are reported as a component of Other comprehensive income.
The cost of fixed maturity securities classified as available-for-sale is adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts, which are included in Net investment income on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The amortization of premium and accretion of discount for fixed maturity securities takes into consideration call and maturity dates that produce the lowest yield.
For asset-backed securities included in fixed maturity securities, the Company recognizes income using an effective yield based on anticipated prepayments and the estimated economic life of the securities. When estimates of prepayments change, the effective yield is recalculated to reflect actual payments to date and anticipated future payments predominantly using the retrospective method.
To the extent that unrealized gains on fixed maturity securities supporting long term care products and structured settlements not funded by annuities would result in a premium deficiency if those gains were realized, a related increase in Insurance reserves is recorded, net of tax, as a reduction of net unrealized gains through Other comprehensive income (Shadow Adjustments). Shadow Adjustments, net of tax, increased $575 million and $1,120 million for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, net unrealized gains on investments included in Accumulated other comprehensive income
(AOCI) were correspondingly reduced by Shadow Adjustments of $2,773 million and $2,198 million, respectively.
Equity securities are carried at fair value. The Company's non-redeemable preferred stock contain characteristics of debt securities, are priced similarly to bonds and are held primarily for income generation through periodic dividends. While recognition of gains and losses on these securities is not discretionary, management does not consider the changes in fair value of non-redeemable preferred stock to be reflective of our primary operations. As such, the changes in the fair value of these securities are recorded through Net investment gains (losses) on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company owns certain common stock with the intention of holding the securities primarily for market appreciation and as such, the changes in the fair value of these securities are recorded through Net investment income.
The Company's carrying value of investments in limited partnerships is its share of the net asset value of each partnership, as determined by the general partner. Certain partnerships for which results are not available on a timely basis are reported on a lag, primarily three months or less. Changes in net asset values are accounted for under the equity method and recorded within Net investment income on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Mortgage loans are commercial in nature, are carried at unpaid principal balance, net of unamortized fees and an allowance for expected credit losses, and are recorded once funded. The allowance for expected credit losses is developed by assessing the credit quality of pools of mortgage loans in good standing using debt service coverage ratios (DSCR) and loan-to-value ratios (LTV). The DSCR compares a property’s net operating income to its debt service payments, including principal and interest. The LTV ratio compares the current unpaid principal balance of the loan to the estimated fair value of the underlying property collateralizing the loan. The pools developed to measure the credit loss allowance use increments of DSCR and LTV to draw distinctions between risk levels. The Company applies expected credit loss rates by pool to the outstanding receivable balances. Changes in the allowance for mortgage loans are presented as a component of Net investment gains (losses) on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Prior to 2020, mortgage loans were evaluated on an individual loan basis considering the collection experience of each loan and other credit quality indicators such as DSCR and the credit-worthiness of the borrower or tenants of credit tenant loan properties. Mortgage loans were considered to be impaired loans and a loss incurred when it was probable that contractual principal and interest payments would not be collected and any impairment losses were recognized as a direct write-down of amortized cost. See the Credit Losses section of this note for additional information on the Company’s allowances for expected credit losses. Interest income from mortgage loans is recognized on an accrual basis using the effective yield method.
Other invested assets include overseas deposits. Overseas deposits are valued using the net asset value per share (or equivalent) practical expedient. They are primarily short-term government securities, agency securities and corporate bonds held in trusts that are managed by Lloyd's of London. These funds are required of Lloyd's syndicates to protect policyholders in overseas markets and may be denominated in local currency.
Short term investments are carried at fair value, with the exception of cash accounts earning interest, which are carried at cost and approximate fair value. Changes in fair value are reported as a component of Other comprehensive income.
Purchases and sales of all securities are recorded on the trade date, except for private placement securities, including bank loan participations, which are recorded once funded. Net investment gains and losses are determined on the basis of the cost or amortized cost of the specific securities sold.
In the normal course of investing activities, the Company enters into relationships with variable interest entities (VIEs), as both an investor in limited partnerships and asset-backed securities issued by third-party VIEs. The Company is not the primary beneficiary of these VIEs, and therefore does not consolidate them. The Company determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE based on a qualitative assessment of the relative power and benefits of the Company and the other participants in the VIE. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss with respect to these investments is limited to the investment carrying values included in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets and any unfunded commitments.
An available for sale security is impaired if the fair value of the security is less than its cost adjusted for accretion, amortization and allowance for credit losses. When a security is impaired, it is evaluated to determine whether the Company intends to sell the security before recovery of amortized cost or whether a credit loss exists. Losses on securities that the Company intends to sell are recognized as impairment losses within Net investment gains (losses) on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. If a credit loss exists, an allowance is established and the corresponding amount is recognized as an impairment loss within Net investment gains (losses) on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The allowance for credit losses related to available-for-sale fixed maturity securities is the difference between the present value of cash flows expected to be collected and the amortized cost basis, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. In subsequent periods, the allowance is reviewed, with any changes in the allowance presented as a component of Net investment gains (losses) on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Changes in the difference between the amortized cost basis, net of the allowance, and the fair value, are recognized in Other comprehensive income.
Significant judgment is required in the determination of whether an impairment loss has occurred for a security. The Company follows a consistent and systematic process for determining and recording an impairment loss, including the evaluation of securities in an unrealized loss position and securities with an allowance for credit losses on at least a quarterly basis.
The Company’s assessment of whether an impairment loss has occurred incorporates both quantitative and qualitative information. A credit loss exists if the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis. Significant assumptions enter into these cash flow projections including delinquency rates, probable risk of default, loss severity upon a default, over collateralization and interest coverage triggers and credit support from lower level tranches. The Company considers all available evidence when determining whether an investment requires a credit loss write-down or allowance to be recorded. Examples of such evidence may include the financial condition and near-term and long-term prospects of the issuer, whether the issuer is current with interest and principal payments, credit ratings on the security or changes in ratings over time, general market conditions and industry, sector or other specific factors and whether it is likely that the Company will recover its amortized cost through the collection of cash flows. See the Credit Losses section of this note for additional information on the Company’s allowances for expected credit losses.
Prior to 2020, the Company’s assessment of whether an impairment loss occurred also incorporated both quantitative and qualitative information. Fixed maturity securities in an unrealized loss position that the Company intended to sell, or it more likely than not would be required to sell before recovery of amortized cost, were considered to be impaired and the entire difference between the amortized cost basis and fair value of the security was recognized as an impairment loss in earnings as a direct write-down of amortized cost. The remaining fixed maturity securities in an unrealized loss position were evaluated to determine if a credit loss existed. If a credit loss was determined to exist, the credit loss was recognized in earnings as a direct write-down of amortized cost.
Credit Losses
The allowances for credit losses on fixed maturity securities, mortgage loans, reinsurance receivables and insurance receivables are valuation accounts that are reported as a reduction of a financial asset’s cost basis and are measured on a pool basis when similar risk characteristics exist. Management estimates the allowance using relevant available information from both internal and external sources. Historical credit loss experience provides the basis for the estimation of expected credit losses and adjustments may be made to reflect current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Adjustments to historical loss information are made for any additional factors that come to the Company’s attention. This could include significant shifts in counterparty financial strength ratings, aging of past due receivables, amounts sent to collection agencies, or other underlying portfolio changes. Amounts are considered past due when payments have not been received according to contractual terms. The Company also considers current and forecast economic conditions, using a variety of economic metrics and forecast indices. The sensitivity of expected credit losses relative to changes to these forecast economic conditions can vary by financial asset class. The Company considers a reasonable and supportable forecast period to be up to 24 months from the balance sheet date. After the forecast period, the
Company reverts to historical credit experience. The Company uses collateral arrangements such as letters of credit and amounts held in beneficiary trusts to mitigate credit risk, which are considered in the estimate of net amount expected to be collected. Amounts are written off against the allowance when determined to be uncollectible.
The Company has made a policy election to present accrued interest balances separately from the amortized cost basis of assets and has elected the practical expedient to exclude the accrued interest from the tabular disclosures for mortgage loans and available-for-sale securities. The Company has elected not to estimate an allowance for credit losses on accrued interest receivable. The accrual of interest income is discontinued and the asset is placed on nonaccrual status within 90 days of the interest becoming delinquent. Interest accrued but not received for assets on nonaccrual status is reversed through investment income. Interest received for assets that are on nonaccrual status is recognized as payment is received. The asset is returned to accrual status when the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are expected. Interest receivable is presented as a component of accrued investment income on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Prior to 2020, the allowance for uncollectible reinsurance and insurance receivables was measured using an incurred loss methodology.
Deferred Non-Insurance Warranty Revenue and Acquisition Expense
Non-insurance warranty revenue is primarily generated from separately-priced service contracts that provide mechanical breakdown and other coverages to vehicle or consumer goods owners. The warranty contracts generally provide coverage from 1 month to 10 years. For warranty products where the Company acts as the principal in the transaction, Non-insurance warranty revenue is reported on a gross basis, with amounts paid by customers reported as Non-insurance warranty revenue and commissions paid to agents reported as Non-insurance warranty expense.
Non-insurance warranty revenue is reported net of any premiums related to contractual liability coverage issued by the Company's insurance operations. Additionally, the Company provides warranty administration services for dealer and manufacturer obligor warranty products, which include limited warranties and guaranteed automobile protection waivers. The Company recognizes Non-insurance warranty revenue over the service period in proportion to the actuarially determined expected claims emergence pattern. Customers pay in full at the inception of the warranty contract. The liability for deferred revenue represents the unearned portion of revenue in advance of the Company's performance. The deferred revenue balance includes amounts which are refundable on a pro rata basis upon cancellation.
Dealers, retailers and agents earn commission for assisting the Company in obtaining non-insurance warranty contracts. Additionally, the Company utilizes a third-party to perform warranty administrator services for its consumer goods warranties. These costs, which are deferred and recorded as Deferred non-insurance warranty acquisition expense, are amortized to Non-insurance warranty expense consistent with how the related revenue is recognized. The Company evaluates deferred costs for recoverability including consideration of anticipated investment income. Adjustments to deferred costs, if necessary, are recorded in the current period results of operations.
Income Taxes
The Company and its eligible subsidiaries (CNA Tax Group) are included in the consolidated federal income tax return of Loews and its eligible subsidiaries. The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method. Under the asset and liability method, deferred income taxes are recognized for temporary differences between the financial statement and tax return bases of assets and liabilities, based on enacted tax rates and other provisions of the tax law. The effect of a change in tax laws or rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in income in the period in which such change is enacted. Future tax benefits are recognized to the extent that realization of such benefits is more likely than not, and a valuation allowance is established for any portion of a deferred tax asset that management believes will not be realized. The Company releases tax effects from AOCI utilizing the security-by-security approach for Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments with an allowance for credit losses and Net unrealized gains (losses) on other investments. For
Pension and postretirement benefits, tax effects from AOCI are released at enacted tax rates based on the pre-tax adjustments to pension liabilities or assets recognized within Other comprehensive income.
Pension and Postretirement Benefits
The Company recognizes the overfunded or underfunded status of its defined benefit plans in Other assets or Other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Changes in funded status related to prior service costs and credits, and actuarial gains and losses arising from differences between actual experience and actuarial assumptions, are recognized in the year in which the changes occur through Other comprehensive income. Unrecognized actuarial gains and losses in excess of 10% of the greater of the beginning of the year projected benefit obligation or fair value of plan assets (the corridor) are amortized as a component of net periodic pension cost (benefit) over the average remaining life expectancy of the plan participants. Annual service cost, interest cost, expected return on plan assets, amortization of prior service costs and credits and amortization of actuarial gains and losses are recognized on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
The vested benefit obligation for the CNA Retirement Plan is determined based on eligible compensation and accrued service for previously entitled employees. Effective June 30, 2015, future benefit accruals under the CNA Retirement Plan were eliminated and the benefit obligations were frozen.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company records compensation expense using the fair value method for all awards it grants, modifies or cancels primarily on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, generally three years.
Foreign Currency
The Company's foreign subsidiaries' balance sheet accounts are translated at the exchange rates in effect at each reporting date and income statement accounts are either translated at the exchange rates on the date of the transaction or at average exchange rates. Foreign currency translation gains and losses are reflected in Stockholders' equity as a component of AOCI. Foreign currency transaction gains of $13 million, $1 million and $1 million were included in determining Net income for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Leases
A lease provides the lessee the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Operating lease right-of-use (ROU) assets and lease liabilities are included in Other assets and Other liabilities on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets.
ROU assets represent the Company's right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and operating lease liabilities represent the Company's obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Most operating leases contain renewal options that provide for rent increases based on prevailing market conditions. Certain leases contain options to terminate before maturity. The lease term used to calculate the ROU asset includes any renewal options or lease termination options that the Company expects to exercise. The discount rate used to determine the commencement date present value of lease payments is typically the Company’s secured borrowing rate, as most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate. ROU assets include any lease payments required to be made prior to commencement and exclude lease incentives. The Company has elected to account for its lease and non-lease components as a single lease component. The Company’s non-lease components consist of variable lease costs not based on an index or rate and are excluded from the measurement of ROU assets and lease liabilities. Variable lease costs not based on an index or rate are treated as period costs, and represent charges for services provided by the landlord and the Company's reimbursement to the landlord for costs such as real estate taxes and insurance.
The Company occupies office facilities under lease agreements that expire at various dates. The Company's lease agreements do not contain significant residual value guarantees, restrictions or covenants. The Company does not have any significant finance leases.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is based on the estimated useful lives of the various classes of property and equipment and is determined principally on the straight-line method. Furniture and fixtures are depreciated over seven years. Office equipment is depreciated over five years. The estimated lives for data processing equipment and software generally range from three to five years, but can be as long as ten years. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the corresponding lease terms not to exceed the underlying asset life.
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price over the fair value of the net assets of acquired entities and businesses. Goodwill in the International segment may change from period to period as a result of foreign currency translation.
Goodwill is tested for impairment annually or when certain triggering events require such tests. As a result of reviews completed for the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company determined that the estimated fair value of the reporting units were in excess of their carrying value including Goodwill. Changes in future periods in assumptions about the level of economic capital, business growth, earnings projections or the weighted average cost of capital could result in goodwill impairment.
Other Intangible Assets
Other intangible assets are reported within Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Finite-lived intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Indefinite-lived other intangible assets are tested for impairment annually or when certain triggering events require such tests.
Earnings (Loss) Per Share Data
Earnings (loss) per share is based on weighted average number of outstanding common shares. Basic earnings (loss) per share excludes the impact of dilutive securities and is computed by dividing Net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock.
For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, approximately 772 thousand, 961 thousand and 943 thousand potential shares attributable to exercises or conversions into common stock under stock-based employee compensation plans were included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share. For those same periods, 8 thousand, 1 thousand and 6 thousand potential shares attributable to exercises or conversions into common stock under stock-based employee compensation plans were not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share, because the effect would have been antidilutive.
Supplementary Cash Flow Information
Cash payments made for interest were $124 million, $136 million and $145 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018. Cash payments made for income taxes were $108 million, $255 million and $308 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018.
Note B. Investments
The significant components of Net investment income are presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years ended December 31
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Fixed maturity securities
|
$
|
1,728
|
|
|
$
|
1,817
|
|
|
$
|
1,795
|
|
Equity securities
|
65
|
|
|
85
|
|
|
18
|
|
Limited partnership investments
|
121
|
|
|
180
|
|
|
(22)
|
|
Mortgage loans
|
57
|
|
|
51
|
|
|
50
|
|
Short term investments
|
9
|
|
|
34
|
|
|
26
|
|
Trading portfolio
|
18
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
7
|
|
Other
|
1
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
4
|
|
Gross investment income
|
1,999
|
|
|
2,181
|
|
|
1,878
|
|
Investment expense
|
(64)
|
|
|
(63)
|
|
|
(61)
|
|
Net investment income
|
$
|
1,935
|
|
|
$
|
2,118
|
|
|
$
|
1,817
|
|
For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, $34 million and $38 million of Net investment income was recognized due to the change in fair value of common stock still held as of December 31, 2020 and 2019.
As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company held less than $1 million of non-income producing fixed maturity securities. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, no investments in a single issuer exceeded 10% of stockholders' equity, other than investments in securities issued by the U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises.
Net investment gains (losses) are presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years ended December 31
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Net investment gains (losses):
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed maturity securities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross gains
|
$
|
220
|
|
|
$
|
125
|
|
|
$
|
168
|
|
Gross losses
|
(220)
|
|
|
(131)
|
|
|
(164)
|
|
Net investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities
|
—
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
|
4
|
|
Equity securities
|
(3)
|
|
|
66
|
|
|
(74)
|
|
Derivatives
|
(10)
|
|
|
(11)
|
|
|
9
|
|
Mortgage loans
|
(21)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Short term investments and other
|
(20)
|
|
|
(20)
|
|
|
9
|
|
Net investment gains (losses)
|
$
|
(54)
|
|
|
$
|
29
|
|
|
$
|
(52)
|
|
For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, $3 million of losses and $66 million of gains were recognized in Net investment gains (losses) due to the change in fair value of non-redeemable preferred stock still held as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. Short term investments and other included a $20 million loss for the year ended December 31, 2020 related to the redemption of the Company's $400 million senior notes due August 2021 and a $21 million loss for the year ended December 31, 2019 related to the redemption of the Company's $500 million senior notes due August 2020.
The following table presents the activity related to the allowance on available-for-sale securities with credit impairments and PCD assets. Accrued interest receivable on available-for-sale fixed maturity securities totaled $371 million and is excluded from the estimate of expected credit losses and the amortized cost basis in the table included within this Note.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, 2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
Corporate and other bonds
|
|
Asset-backed
|
|
Total
|
Allowance for credit losses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beginning balance
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
Additions to the allowance for credit losses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Impact of adopting ASC 326
|
6
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
6
|
|
Securities for which credit losses were not previously recorded
|
67
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
79
|
|
Available-for-sale securities accounted for as PCD assets
|
5
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reductions to the allowance for credit losses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Securities sold during the period (realized)
|
22
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
22
|
|
Intent to sell or more likely than not will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis
|
1
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1
|
|
Write-offs charged against the allowance
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Recoveries of amounts previously written off
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Additional increases or (decreases) to the allowance for credit losses on securities that had an allowance recorded in a previous period
|
(32)
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
(27)
|
|
Ending balance
|
$
|
23
|
|
|
$
|
17
|
|
|
$
|
40
|
|
The components of available-for-sale impairment losses recognized in earnings by asset type are presented in the following table. The table includes losses on securities with an intention to sell and changes in the allowance for credit losses on securities since acquisition date.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years ended December 31
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate and other bonds
|
$
|
87
|
|
|
$
|
33
|
|
|
$
|
12
|
|
Asset-backed
|
24
|
|
|
11
|
|
|
9
|
|
Impairment losses recognized in earnings
|
$
|
111
|
|
|
$
|
44
|
|
|
$
|
21
|
|
The Company also recognized $21 million of losses in 2020 related to mortgage loans primarily due to changes in expected credit losses.
The net change in unrealized gains on investments, which consists solely of the change in unrealized gains on fixed maturity securities, was $1,637 million, $2,620 million and $(1,811) million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018.
The following tables present a summary of fixed maturity securities.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
Cost or
Amortized
Cost
|
|
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
|
|
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
|
|
Allowance for Credit Losses(1)
|
|
Estimated
Fair
Value
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate and other bonds
|
$
|
20,792
|
|
|
$
|
3,578
|
|
|
$
|
22
|
|
|
$
|
23
|
|
|
$
|
24,325
|
|
States, municipalities and political subdivisions
|
9,729
|
|
|
1,863
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
11,592
|
|
Asset-backed:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Residential mortgage-backed
|
3,442
|
|
|
146
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
3,587
|
|
Commercial mortgage-backed
|
1,933
|
|
|
93
|
|
|
42
|
|
|
17
|
|
|
1,967
|
|
Other asset-backed
|
2,179
|
|
|
81
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
2,251
|
|
Total asset-backed
|
7,554
|
|
|
320
|
|
|
52
|
|
|
17
|
|
|
7,805
|
|
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises
|
339
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
338
|
|
Foreign government
|
512
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
544
|
|
Redeemable preferred stock
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale
|
38,926
|
|
|
5,795
|
|
|
77
|
|
|
40
|
|
|
44,604
|
|
Total fixed maturity securities trading
|
27
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
27
|
|
Total fixed maturity securities
|
$
|
38,953
|
|
|
$
|
5,795
|
|
|
$
|
77
|
|
|
$
|
40
|
|
|
$
|
44,631
|
|
(1) As of January 1, 2020, the Company adopted ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The Unrealized OTTI Losses (Gains) column that tracked subsequent valuation changes on securities for which a credit loss had previously been recorded has been replaced with the Allowance for Credit Losses column.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2019
|
Cost or
Amortized
Cost
|
|
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
|
|
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
|
|
Estimated
Fair
Value
|
|
Unrealized
OTTI
Losses (Gains)
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate and other bonds
|
$
|
19,789
|
|
|
$
|
2,292
|
|
|
$
|
32
|
|
|
$
|
22,049
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
States, municipalities and political subdivisions
|
9,093
|
|
|
1,559
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
10,652
|
|
|
—
|
|
Asset-backed:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Residential mortgage-backed
|
4,387
|
|
|
133
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
4,519
|
|
|
(17)
|
|
Commercial mortgage-backed
|
2,265
|
|
|
86
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
2,346
|
|
|
1
|
|
Other asset-backed
|
1,925
|
|
|
41
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
1,962
|
|
|
(3)
|
|
Total asset-backed
|
8,577
|
|
|
260
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
8,827
|
|
|
(19)
|
|
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises
|
146
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
145
|
|
|
—
|
|
Foreign government
|
491
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
504
|
|
|
—
|
|
Redeemable preferred stock
|
10
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
—
|
|
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale
|
38,106
|
|
|
4,126
|
|
|
45
|
|
|
42,187
|
|
|
$
|
(19)
|
|
Total fixed maturity securities trading
|
20
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
|
Total fixed maturity securities
|
$
|
38,126
|
|
|
$
|
4,126
|
|
|
$
|
45
|
|
|
$
|
42,207
|
|
|
|
The following tables present the estimated fair value and gross unrealized losses of fixed maturity securities in a gross unrealized loss position for which an allowance for credit loss has not been recorded, by the length of time in which the securities have continuously been in that position.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 12 Months
|
|
12 Months or Longer
|
|
Total
|
December 31, 2020
|
Estimated
Fair Value
|
|
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
|
|
Estimated
Fair Value
|
|
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
|
|
Estimated
Fair Value
|
|
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate and other bonds
|
$
|
609
|
|
|
$
|
21
|
|
|
$
|
12
|
|
|
$
|
1
|
|
|
$
|
621
|
|
|
$
|
22
|
|
States, municipalities and political subdivisions
|
33
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
33
|
|
|
—
|
|
Asset-backed:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Residential mortgage-backed
|
71
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
11
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
82
|
|
|
1
|
|
Commercial mortgage-backed
|
533
|
|
|
40
|
|
|
28
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
561
|
|
|
42
|
|
Other asset-backed
|
344
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
13
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
357
|
|
|
9
|
|
Total asset-backed
|
948
|
|
|
50
|
|
|
52
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
1,000
|
|
|
52
|
|
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises
|
63
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
63
|
|
|
3
|
|
Foreign government
|
13
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
13
|
|
|
—
|
|
Total
|
$
|
1,666
|
|
|
$
|
74
|
|
|
$
|
64
|
|
|
$
|
3
|
|
|
$
|
1,730
|
|
|
$
|
77
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 12 Months
|
|
12 Months or Longer
|
|
Total
|
December 31, 2019
|
Estimated
Fair Value
|
|
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
|
|
Estimated
Fair Value
|
|
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
|
|
Estimated
Fair Value
|
|
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate and other bonds
|
$
|
914
|
|
|
$
|
21
|
|
|
$
|
186
|
|
|
$
|
11
|
|
|
$
|
1,100
|
|
|
$
|
32
|
|
States, municipalities and political subdivisions
|
34
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
34
|
|
|
—
|
|
Asset-backed:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Residential mortgage-backed
|
249
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
30
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
279
|
|
|
1
|
|
Commercial mortgage-backed
|
381
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
401
|
|
|
5
|
|
Other asset-backed
|
449
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
33
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
482
|
|
|
4
|
|
Total asset-backed
|
1,079
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
83
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
1,162
|
|
|
10
|
|
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises
|
62
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
64
|
|
|
2
|
|
Foreign government
|
59
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
60
|
|
|
1
|
|
Total
|
$
|
2,148
|
|
|
$
|
31
|
|
|
$
|
272
|
|
|
$
|
14
|
|
|
$
|
2,420
|
|
|
$
|
45
|
|
Based on current facts and circumstances, the Company believes the unrealized losses presented in the December 31, 2020 securities in a gross unrealized loss position table above are not indicative of the ultimate collectibility of the current amortized cost of the securities, but rather are attributable to changes in interest rates, credit spreads and other factors. The Company has no current intent to sell securities with unrealized losses, nor is it more likely than not that it will be required to sell prior to recovery of amortized cost; accordingly, the Company has determined that there are no additional impairment losses to be recorded as of December 31, 2020.
Contractual Maturity
The following table presents available-for-sale fixed maturity securities by contractual maturity.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
(In millions)
|
Cost or
Amortized
Cost
|
|
Estimated
Fair
Value
|
|
Cost or
Amortized
Cost
|
|
Estimated
Fair
Value
|
Due in one year or less
|
$
|
1,456
|
|
|
$
|
1,458
|
|
|
$
|
1,334
|
|
|
$
|
1,356
|
|
Due after one year through five years
|
12,304
|
|
|
13,098
|
|
|
9,746
|
|
|
10,186
|
|
Due after five years through ten years
|
12,319
|
|
|
13,878
|
|
|
14,892
|
|
|
15,931
|
|
Due after ten years
|
12,847
|
|
|
16,170
|
|
|
12,134
|
|
|
14,714
|
|
Total
|
$
|
38,926
|
|
|
$
|
44,604
|
|
|
$
|
38,106
|
|
|
$
|
42,187
|
|
Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because certain securities may be called or prepaid. Securities not due at a single date are allocated based on weighted average life.
Limited Partnerships
The carrying value of limited partnerships as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 was $1,619 million and $1,752 million, which includes net undistributed earnings of $235 million and $229 million. Limited partnerships comprising 49% of the total carrying value are reported on a current basis through December 31, 2020 with no reporting lag, 10% are reported on a one month lag and the remainder are reported on more than a one month lag. The number of limited partnerships held and the strategies employed provide diversification to the limited partnership portfolio and the overall invested asset portfolio.
Limited partnerships comprising 51% and 61% of the carrying value as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 employ hedge fund strategies. Limited partnerships comprising 40% and 33% of the carrying value as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 were invested in private debt and equity, and the remainder was primarily invested in real estate strategies. Hedge fund strategies include both long and short positions in fixed income, equity and derivative instruments. These hedge fund strategies may seek to generate gains from mispriced or undervalued securities, price differentials between securities, distressed investments, sector rotation or various arbitrage disciplines. Within hedge fund strategies, approximately 55% were equity related, 26% pursued a multi-strategy approach, 14% were focused on distressed investments and 5% were fixed income related as of December 31, 2020.
The ten largest limited partnership positions held totaled $775 million and $893 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. Based on the most recent information available regarding the Company’s percentage ownership of the individual limited partnerships, the carrying value reflected on the Consolidated Balance Sheets represents approximately 2% of the aggregate partnership equity as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the related income reflected on the Consolidated Statements of Operations represents approximately 2%, 2% and 3% of the changes in aggregate partnership equity for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018.
There are risks inherent in limited partnership investments which may result in losses due to short-selling, derivatives or other speculative investment practices. The use of leverage increases volatility generated by the underlying investment strategies.
The Company’s hedge fund limited partnership investments contain withdrawal provisions that generally limit liquidity for a period of thirty days up to one year or longer. Private equity and other non-hedge funds generally do not permit voluntary withdrawals. Typically, hedge fund withdrawals require advance written notice of up to 90 days.
Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company may use derivatives in the normal course of business, primarily in an attempt to reduce its exposure to market risk (principally interest rate risk and foreign currency risk) stemming from various assets and liabilities. The Company's principal objective under such strategies is to achieve the desired reduction in economic risk, even if the position does not receive hedge accounting treatment.
The Company may enter into interest rate swaps, futures and forward commitments to purchase securities to manage interest rate risk. The Company may use foreign currency forward contracts to manage foreign currency risk.
Credit exposure associated with non-performance by the counterparties to derivative instruments is generally limited to the uncollateralized fair value of the asset related to the instruments recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company generally requires that all over-the-counter derivative contracts be governed by an International Swaps and Derivatives Association Master Agreement, and exchanges collateral under the terms of these agreements with its derivative investment counterparties depending on the amount of the exposure and the credit rating of the counterparty. Gross estimated fair values of derivative positions are presented in Other invested assets and Other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company does not offset derivative positions against the fair value of collateral provided or positions subject to netting arrangements. There would be no significant difference in the balance included in such accounts if the estimated fair values were presented net as of December 31, 2020 and 2019.
There was no cash collateral provided by the Company or cash collateral received from counterparties as of December 31, 2020 or 2019.
The Company holds an embedded derivative on a funds withheld liability with a notional value of $190 million and $182 million and a fair value of $(19) million and $(7) million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. The embedded derivative on the funds withheld liability is accounted for separately and reported with the funds withheld liability in Other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Investment Commitments
As part of its overall investment strategy, the Company invests in various assets which require future purchase, sale or funding commitments. These investments are recorded once funded, and the related commitments may include future capital calls from various third-party limited partnerships, signed and accepted mortgage loan applications, and obligations related to private placement securities. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had commitments to purchase or fund approximately $1,210 million and sell approximately $85 million under the terms of these investments.
Investments on Deposit
Securities with carrying values of approximately $3.0 billion and $2.7 billion were deposited by the Company’s insurance subsidiaries under requirements of regulatory authorities and others as of December 31, 2020 and 2019.
Cash and securities with carrying values of approximately $1.1 billion and $1.1 billion were deposited with financial institutions in trust accounts or as collateral for letters of credit to secure obligations with various third parties as of December 31, 2020 and 2019.
Mortgage Loans
The following table presents the amortized cost basis of mortgage loans for each credit quality indicator by year of origination.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
Mortgage Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year (1)
|
(In millions)
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
|
2017
|
|
2016
|
|
Prior
|
|
Total
|
DSCR ≥1.6x
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LTV less than 55%
|
$
|
75
|
|
|
$
|
33
|
|
|
$
|
36
|
|
|
$
|
115
|
|
|
$
|
33
|
|
|
$
|
156
|
|
|
$
|
448
|
|
LTV 55% to 65%
|
14
|
|
|
20
|
|
14
|
|
15
|
|
11
|
|
—
|
|
|
74
|
LTV greater than 65%
|
—
|
|
|
5
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
25
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
30
|
DSCR 1.2x - 1.6x
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LTV less than 55%
|
—
|
|
|
17
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
68
|
|
|
99
|
LTV 55% to 65%
|
20
|
|
|
29
|
|
|
53
|
|
|
27
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
129
|
LTV greater than 65%
|
52
|
|
|
54
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
126
|
DSCR ≤1.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LTV less than 55%
|
—
|
|
|
50
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
68
|
LTV 55% to 65%
|
—
|
|
|
48
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
48
|
LTV greater than 65%
|
—
|
|
|
28
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
37
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
72
|
Total
|
$
|
161
|
|
|
$
|
284
|
|
|
$
|
103
|
|
|
$
|
215
|
|
|
$
|
85
|
|
|
$
|
246
|
|
|
$
|
1,094
|
|
(1) The values in the table above reflect DSCR on a standardized amortization period and LTV based on the most recent appraised values trended forward using changes in a commercial real estate price index.
As of December 31, 2020, accrued interest receivable on mortgage loans totaled $4 million and is excluded from the amortized cost basis disclosed in the table above and the estimate of expected credit losses.
Note C. Fair Value
Fair value is the price that would be received upon sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The following fair value hierarchy is used in selecting inputs, with the highest priority given to Level 1, as these are the most transparent or reliable.
Level 1 - Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.
Level 2 - Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable in active markets.
Level 3 - Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are not observable.
Prices may fall within Level 1, 2 or 3 depending upon the methodology and inputs used to estimate fair value for each specific security. In general, the Company seeks to price securities using third-party pricing services. Securities not priced by pricing services are submitted to independent brokers for valuation and, if those are not available, internally developed pricing models are used to value assets using a methodology and inputs the Company believes market participants would use to value the assets. Prices obtained from third-party pricing services or brokers are not adjusted by the Company.
The Company performs control procedures over information obtained from pricing services and brokers to ensure prices received represent a reasonable estimate of fair value and to confirm representations regarding whether inputs are observable or unobservable. Procedures may include i) the review of pricing service methodologies or broker pricing qualifications, ii) back-testing, where past fair value estimates are compared to actual transactions executed in the market on similar dates, iii) exception reporting, where period-over-period changes in price are reviewed and challenged with the pricing service or broker based on exception criteria, and iv) deep dives, where the Company performs an independent analysis of the inputs and assumptions used to price individual securities.
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are presented in the following tables. Corporate bonds and other includes obligations of the U.S. Treasury, government-sponsored enterprises, foreign governments and redeemable preferred stock.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
Assets/Liabilities
at Fair Value
|
(In millions)
|
Level 1
|
|
Level 2
|
|
Level 3
|
|
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed maturity securities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate bonds and other
|
$
|
355
|
|
|
$
|
24,109
|
|
|
$
|
770
|
|
|
$
|
25,234
|
|
States, municipalities and political subdivisions
|
—
|
|
|
11,546
|
|
|
46
|
|
|
11,592
|
|
Asset-backed
|
—
|
|
|
7,497
|
|
|
308
|
|
|
7,805
|
|
Total fixed maturity securities
|
355
|
|
|
43,152
|
|
|
1,124
|
|
|
44,631
|
|
Equity securities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock
|
175
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
195
|
|
Non-redeemable preferred stock
|
68
|
|
|
722
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
797
|
|
Total equity securities
|
243
|
|
|
722
|
|
|
27
|
|
|
992
|
|
Short term and other
|
1,761
|
|
|
28
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,789
|
|
Total assets
|
$
|
2,359
|
|
|
$
|
43,902
|
|
|
$
|
1,151
|
|
|
$
|
47,412
|
|
Liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other liabilities
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
19
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
19
|
|
Total liabilities
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
19
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
19
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
Assets/Liabilities
at Fair Value
|
(In millions)
|
Level 1
|
|
Level 2
|
|
Level 3
|
|
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed maturity securities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate bonds and other
|
$
|
175
|
|
|
$
|
22,085
|
|
|
$
|
468
|
|
|
$
|
22,728
|
|
States, municipalities and political subdivisions
|
—
|
|
|
10,652
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
10,652
|
|
Asset-backed
|
—
|
|
|
8,662
|
|
|
165
|
|
|
8,827
|
|
Total fixed maturity securities
|
175
|
|
|
41,399
|
|
|
633
|
|
|
42,207
|
|
Equity securities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock
|
135
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
142
|
|
Non-redeemable preferred stock
|
54
|
|
|
658
|
|
|
11
|
|
|
723
|
|
Total equity securities
|
189
|
|
|
658
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
865
|
|
Short term and other
|
397
|
|
|
1,344
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,741
|
|
Total assets
|
$
|
761
|
|
|
$
|
43,401
|
|
|
$
|
651
|
|
|
$
|
44,813
|
|
Liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other liabilities
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
7
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
7
|
|
Total liabilities
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
7
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
7
|
|
The tables below present a reconciliation for all assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Level 3
(In millions)
|
Corporate bonds and other
|
|
States, municipalities and political subdivisions
|
|
Asset-backed
|
|
Equity securities
|
|
Total
|
Balance as of January 1, 2020
|
$
|
468
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
165
|
|
|
$
|
18
|
|
|
$
|
651
|
|
Total realized and unrealized investment gains (losses):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reported in Net investment gains (losses)
|
1
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(1)
|
|
|
(4)
|
|
|
(4)
|
|
Reported in Net investment income
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
—
|
|
Reported in Other comprehensive income (loss)
|
43
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
16
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
60
|
|
Total realized and unrealized investment gains (losses)
|
44
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
17
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
|
56
|
|
Purchases
|
264
|
|
|
45
|
|
|
154
|
|
|
15
|
|
|
478
|
|
Sales
|
(3)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(9)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(12)
|
|
Settlements
|
(13)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(32)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(45)
|
|
Transfers into Level 3
|
10
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
30
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
40
|
|
Transfers out of Level 3
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(17)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(17)
|
|
Balance as of December 31, 2020
|
$
|
770
|
|
|
$
|
46
|
|
|
$
|
308
|
|
|
$
|
27
|
|
|
$
|
1,151
|
|
Unrealized gains (losses) on Level 3 assets and liabilities held as of December 31, 2020 recognized in Net income (loss) in the period
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
(6)
|
|
|
$
|
(6)
|
|
Unrealized gains (losses) on Level 3 assets and liabilities held as of December 31, 2020 recognized in Other comprehensive income (loss) in the period
|
43
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
62
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Level 3
(In millions)
|
Corporate bonds and other
|
|
States, municipalities and political subdivisions
|
|
Asset-backed
|
|
Equity securities
|
|
Total
|
Balance as of January 1, 2019
|
$
|
222
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
197
|
|
|
$
|
18
|
|
|
$
|
437
|
|
Total realized and unrealized investment gains (losses):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reported in Net investment gains (losses)
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
Reported in Net investment income
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Reported in Other comprehensive income (loss)
|
33
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
41
|
|
Total realized and unrealized investment gains (losses)
|
33
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
39
|
|
Purchases
|
256
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
48
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
306
|
|
Sales
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Settlements
|
(11)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(16)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(27)
|
|
Transfers into Level 3
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
45
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
45
|
|
Transfers out of Level 3
|
(32)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(117)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(149)
|
|
Balance as of December 31, 2019
|
$
|
468
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
165
|
|
|
$
|
18
|
|
|
$
|
651
|
|
Unrealized gains (losses) on Level 3 assets and liabilities held as of December 31, 2019 recognized in Net income (loss) in the period
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
(2)
|
|
|
$
|
(2)
|
|
Unrealized gains (losses) on Level 3 assets and liabilities held as of December 31, 2019 recognized in Other comprehensive income (loss) in the period
|
28
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
35
|
|
Securities may be transferred in or out of levels within the fair value hierarchy based on the availability of observable market information and quoted prices used to determine the fair value of the security. The availability of observable market information and quoted prices varies based on market conditions and trading volume.
Valuation Methodologies and Inputs
The following section describes the valuation methodologies and relevant inputs used to measure different financial instruments at fair value, including an indication of the level in the fair value hierarchy in which the instruments are generally classified.
Fixed Maturity Securities
Level 1 securities include highly liquid government securities and exchange traded bonds, valued using quoted market prices. Level 2 securities include most other fixed maturity securities as the significant inputs are observable in the marketplace. All classes of Level 2 fixed maturity securities are valued using a methodology based on information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets, a discounted cash flow methodology, or a combination of both when necessary. Common inputs for all classes of fixed maturity securities include prices from recently executed transactions of similar securities, marketplace quotes, benchmark yields, spreads off benchmark yields, interest rates and U.S. Treasury or swap curves. Specifically for asset-backed securities, key inputs include prepayment and default projections based on past performance of the underlying collateral and current market data. Fixed maturity securities are primarily assigned to Level 3 in cases where broker/dealer quotes are significant inputs to the valuation and there is a lack of transparency as to whether these quotes are based on information that is observable in the marketplace. Level 3 securities also include private placement debt securities whose fair value is determined using internal models with some inputs that are not market observable.
Equity Securities
Level 1 equity securities include publicly traded securities valued using quoted market prices. Level 2 securities are primarily valued using pricing for similar securities, recently executed transactions and other pricing models utilizing market observable inputs. Level 3 securities are primarily priced using broker/dealer quotes and internal models with some inputs that are not market observable.
Short Term and Other Invested Assets
Securities that are actively traded or have quoted prices are classified as Level 1. These securities include money market funds and treasury bills. Level 2 primarily includes commercial paper, for which all inputs are market observable. Fixed maturity securities purchased within one year of maturity are classified consistent with fixed maturity securities discussed above. Short term investments as presented in the tables above differ from the amounts presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheets because certain short term investments, such as time deposits, are not measured at fair value.
As of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, there were $71 million and $60 million of overseas deposits within Other invested assets, which can be redeemed at net asset value in 90 days or less. Overseas deposits are excluded from the fair value hierarchy because their fair value is recorded using the net asset value per share (or equivalent) practical expedient.
Derivative Financial Investments
The embedded derivative on funds withheld liability is valued using the change in fair value of the assets supporting the funds withheld liability, which are fixed maturity securities primarily valued with observable inputs.
Significant Unobservable Inputs
The following tables present quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs utilized by the Company in the fair value measurements of Level 3 assets. Valuations for assets and liabilities not presented in the tables below are primarily based on broker/dealer quotes for which there is a lack of transparency as to inputs used to develop the valuations. The quantitative detail of these unobservable inputs is neither provided nor reasonably available to the Company. The weighted average rate is calculated based on fair value.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
Estimated Fair Value
(In millions)
|
|
Valuation Technique(s)
|
|
Unobservable Input(s)
|
|
Range
(Weighted Average)
|
Fixed maturity securities
|
$
|
966
|
|
|
Discounted cash flow
|
|
Credit spread
|
|
1% - 8% (3%)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2019
|
Estimated Fair Value
(In millions)
|
|
Valuation Technique(s)
|
|
Unobservable Input(s)
|
|
Range
(Weighted Average)
|
Fixed maturity securities
|
$
|
525
|
|
|
Discounted cash flow
|
|
Credit spread
|
|
1% - 6% (2%)
|
For fixed maturity securities, an increase to the credit spread assumptions would result in a lower fair value measurement.
Financial Assets and Liabilities Not Measured at Fair Value
The carrying amount and estimated fair value of the Company's financial assets and liabilities which are not measured at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheets are presented in the following tables.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
Carrying
Amount
|
|
Estimated Fair Value
|
(In millions)
|
|
Level 1
|
|
Level 2
|
|
Level 3
|
|
Total
|
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mortgage loans
|
$
|
1,068
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
1,151
|
|
|
$
|
1,151
|
|
Liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long term debt
|
$
|
2,776
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
3,148
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
3,148
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2019
|
Carrying
Amount
|
|
Estimated Fair Value
|
(In millions)
|
|
Level 1
|
|
Level 2
|
|
Level 3
|
|
Total
|
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mortgage loans
|
$
|
994
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
1,025
|
|
|
$
|
1,025
|
|
Note receivable
|
21
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
21
|
|
|
21
|
|
Liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long term debt
|
$
|
2,679
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
2,906
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
2,906
|
|
In the first quarter of 2020, the note receivable was repaid in full. As of December 31, 2019, the note receivable was included within Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The carrying amounts reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheets for Cash, Short term investments not carried at fair value, Accrued investment income and certain Other assets and Other liabilities approximate fair value due to the short term nature of these items. These assets and liabilities are not listed in the tables above.
Note D. Income Taxes
The CNA Tax Group is included in the consolidated federal income tax return of Loews and its eligible subsidiaries. Loews and the Company have agreed that for each taxable year, the Company will 1) be paid by Loews the amount, if any, by which the Loews consolidated federal income tax liability is reduced by virtue of the inclusion of the CNA Tax Group in the Loews consolidated federal income tax return, or 2) pay to Loews an amount, if any, equal to the federal income tax that would have been payable by the CNA Tax Group filing a separate consolidated tax return. In the event that Loews should have a net operating loss in the future computed on the basis of filing a separate consolidated tax return without the CNA Tax Group, the Company may be required to repay tax recoveries previously received from Loews. This agreement may be canceled by either party upon 30 days written notice.
For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, the Company paid $65 million, $239 million and $275 million to Loews related to federal income taxes.
For 2018 through 2020, Loews and the Company participate in the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Compliance Assurance Process (CAP), which is a voluntary program for large corporations. Under CAP, the IRS generally conducts a real-time audit and works contemporaneously with the Company to resolve any issues prior to the filing of the 2018 and 2019 tax returns. The 2018 and 2019 examinations were completed in this manner. For 2020, the Company was selected to participate in the phase of CAP reserved for taxpayers whose risk of noncompliance does not warrant use of IRS resources. The Company believes that participation in CAP should reduce tax-related uncertainties, if any.
As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, there were no unrecognized tax benefits.
The Company recognizes interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits and tax refund claims in Income tax (expense) benefit on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company recognizes penalties (if any) in Income tax (expense) benefit on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. During 2020, 2019 and 2018 the Company recognized no interest and no penalties. There were no amounts accrued for interest or penalties as of December 31, 2020 or 2019.
The following table presents a reconciliation between the Company's income tax expense at statutory rates and the recorded income tax expense.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years ended December 31
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Income tax expense at statutory rates
|
$
|
(172)
|
|
|
$
|
(257)
|
|
|
$
|
(203)
|
|
Tax benefit from tax exempt income
|
52
|
|
|
53
|
|
|
63
|
|
Foreign taxes and credits
|
2
|
|
|
(1)
|
|
|
(1)
|
|
State income taxes
|
(6)
|
|
|
(14)
|
|
|
(13)
|
|
Other tax expense
|
(7)
|
|
|
(4)
|
|
|
3
|
|
Income tax expense
|
$
|
(131)
|
|
|
$
|
(223)
|
|
|
$
|
(151)
|
|
As of December 31, 2020, no deferred taxes are required on the undistributed earnings of subsidiaries subject to tax.
The following table presents the current and deferred components of the Company's income tax expense.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years ended December 31
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Current tax expense
|
$
|
(180)
|
|
|
$
|
(269)
|
|
|
$
|
(171)
|
|
Deferred tax benefit
|
49
|
|
|
46
|
|
|
20
|
|
Total income tax expense
|
$
|
(131)
|
|
|
$
|
(223)
|
|
|
$
|
(151)
|
|
Total income tax presented above includes foreign tax expense of approximately $16 million, $19 million and $5 million related to pretax income from foreign operations of approximately $45 million, $43 million and $22 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018.
The deferred tax effects of the significant components of the Company's deferred tax assets and liabilities are presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
Deferred Tax Assets:
|
|
|
|
Insurance reserves:
|
|
|
|
Property and casualty claim and claim adjustment expense reserves
|
$
|
157
|
|
|
$
|
129
|
|
Unearned premium reserves
|
174
|
|
|
153
|
|
Receivables
|
11
|
|
|
11
|
|
Employee benefits
|
122
|
|
|
127
|
|
Deferred retroactive reinsurance benefit
|
83
|
|
|
82
|
|
Other assets
|
143
|
|
|
132
|
|
Gross deferred tax assets
|
690
|
|
|
634
|
|
Deferred Tax Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
Investment valuation differences
|
28
|
|
|
40
|
|
Deferred acquisition costs
|
93
|
|
|
83
|
|
Net unrealized gains
|
453
|
|
|
264
|
|
Software and hardware
|
31
|
|
|
34
|
|
Other liabilities
|
19
|
|
|
14
|
|
Gross deferred tax liabilities
|
624
|
|
|
435
|
|
Net deferred tax asset
|
$
|
66
|
|
|
$
|
199
|
|
As of December 31, 2020, the CNA Tax Group had no loss carryforwards and a tax credit carryforward of $8 million, of which $4 million expires in 2029 and $4 million expires in 2030. The foreign operations had loss carryforwards of $48 million, of which $2 million expires in 2035 and $46 million has no expiration. The foreign operations had a tax credit carryforward of $3 million, which has no expiration.
Although realization of deferred tax assets is not assured, management believes it is more likely than not that the recognized net deferred tax asset will be realized through recoupment of ordinary and capital taxes paid in prior carryback years and through future earnings, reversal of existing temporary differences and available tax planning strategies. As a result, no valuation allowance was recorded as of December 31, 2020 or 2019.
Note E. Claim, Claim Adjustment Expense and Future Policy Benefit Reserves
Property and casualty insurance claim and claim adjustment expense reserves represent the estimated amounts necessary to resolve all outstanding claims, including IBNR claims as of the reporting date. The Company's reserve projections are based primarily on detailed analysis of the facts in each case, the Company's experience with similar cases and various historical development patterns. Consideration is given to historical patterns such as claim reserving trends and settlement practices, loss payments, pending levels of unpaid claims and product mix, as well as court decisions and economic conditions, including inflation, and public attitudes. All of these factors can affect the estimation of claim and claim adjustment expense reserves.
Establishing claim and claim adjustment expense reserves, including claim and claim adjustment expense reserves for catastrophic events that have occurred, is an estimation process. Many factors can ultimately affect the final settlement of a claim and, therefore, the necessary reserve. Changes in the law, results of litigation, medical costs, the cost of repair materials and labor rates can affect ultimate claim costs. In addition, time can be a critical part of reserving determinations since the longer the span between the incidence of a loss and the payment or settlement of the claim, the more variable the ultimate settlement amount can be. Accordingly, short-tail claims, such as property damage claims, tend to be more reasonably estimable than long-tail claims, such as workers' compensation, general liability and professional liability claims. Adjustments to prior year reserve estimates, if necessary, are reflected in the results of operations in the period that the need for such adjustments is determined. There can be no assurance that the Company's ultimate cost for insurance losses will not exceed current estimates.
Liability for Unpaid Claim and Claim Adjustment Expenses
The table below reconciles the net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses to the amount presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31
|
|
(In millions)
|
2020
|
Net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses:
|
|
Specialty
|
$
|
4,898
|
|
Commercial
|
8,204
|
|
International
|
1,822
|
|
Corporate & Other
|
162
|
|
Life & Group (1)
|
3,615
|
|
Total net claim and claim adjustment expenses
|
18,701
|
|
Reinsurance receivables: (2)
|
|
Specialty
|
850
|
|
Commercial
|
837
|
|
International
|
269
|
|
Corporate & Other (3)
|
1,921
|
|
Life & Group
|
128
|
|
Total reinsurance receivables
|
4,005
|
|
Total gross liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses
|
$
|
22,706
|
|
(1) The Life & Group segment amounts are primarily related to long term care claim reserves, but also include amounts related to unfunded structured settlements arising from short-duration contracts. Long term care policies are long-duration contracts.
(2) Reinsurance receivables presented are gross of the allowance for uncollectible reinsurance and do not include reinsurance receivables related to paid losses.
(3) The Corporate & Other Reinsurance receivables are primarily related to A&EP claims covered under the Loss Portfolio Transfer (LPT).
The following table presents a reconciliation between beginning and ending claim and claim adjustment expense reserves, including claim and claim adjustment expense reserves of the Life & Group segment.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of or for the years ended December 31
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Reserves, beginning of year:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross
|
$
|
21,720
|
|
|
$
|
21,984
|
|
|
$
|
22,004
|
|
Ceded
|
3,835
|
|
|
4,019
|
|
|
3,934
|
|
Net reserves, beginning of year
|
17,885
|
|
|
17,965
|
|
|
18,070
|
|
Net incurred claim and claim adjustment expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Provision for insured events of current year
|
5,793
|
|
|
5,356
|
|
|
5,358
|
|
Increase (decrease) in provision for insured events of prior years
|
(119)
|
|
|
(127)
|
|
|
(179)
|
|
Amortization of discount
|
183
|
|
|
184
|
|
|
176
|
|
Total net incurred (1)
|
5,857
|
|
|
5,413
|
|
|
5,355
|
|
Net payments attributable to:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current year events
|
(948)
|
|
|
(992)
|
|
|
(1,046)
|
|
Prior year events
|
(4,216)
|
|
|
(4,584)
|
|
|
(4,285)
|
|
Total net payments
|
(5,164)
|
|
|
(5,576)
|
|
|
(5,331)
|
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment and other
|
123
|
|
|
83
|
|
|
(129)
|
|
Net reserves, end of year
|
18,701
|
|
|
17,885
|
|
|
17,965
|
|
Ceded reserves, end of year
|
4,005
|
|
|
3,835
|
|
|
4,019
|
|
Gross reserves, end of year
|
$
|
22,706
|
|
|
$
|
21,720
|
|
|
$
|
21,984
|
|
(1) Total net incurred above does not agree to Insurance claims and policyholders' benefits as reflected on the Consolidated Statements of Operations due to amounts related to retroactive reinsurance deferred gain accounting, uncollectible reinsurance and benefit expenses related to future policy benefits, which are not reflected in the table above.
Reserving Methodology
In developing claim and claim adjustment expense (loss or losses) reserve estimates, the Company's actuaries perform detailed reserve analyses that are staggered throughout the year. Every reserve group is reviewed at least once during the year, but most are reviewed more frequently. The analyses generally review losses gross of ceded reinsurance and apply the ceded reinsurance terms to the gross estimates to establish estimates net of reinsurance. Factors considered include, but are not limited to, the historical pattern and volatility of the actuarial indications, the sensitivity of the actuarial indications to changes in paid and incurred loss patterns, the consistency of claims handling processes, the consistency of case reserving practices, changes in the Company's pricing and underwriting, pricing and underwriting trends in the insurance market and legal, judicial, social and economic trends. In addition to the detailed analyses, the Company reviews actual loss emergence for all products each quarter.
In developing the loss reserve estimates for property and casualty contracts, the Company generally projects ultimate losses using several common actuarial methods as listed below. The Company reviews the various indications from the various methods and applies judgment to select an actuarial point estimate. The carried reserve may differ from the actuarial point estimate as a result of the Company's consideration of the factors noted above as well as the potential volatility of the projections associated with the specific product being analyzed and other factors affecting claims costs that may not be quantifiable through traditional actuarial analysis. The indicated required reserve is the difference between the selected ultimate loss and the inception-to-date paid losses. The difference between the selected ultimate loss and the case incurred or reported loss is IBNR. IBNR includes a provision for development on known cases as well as a provision for late reported incurred claims.
The most frequently utilized methods to project ultimate losses include the following:
•Paid development: The paid development method estimates ultimate losses by reviewing paid loss patterns and applying them to accident years with further expected changes in paid loss.
•Incurred development: The incurred development method is similar to the paid development method, but it uses case incurred losses instead of paid losses.
•Loss ratio: The loss ratio method multiplies premiums by an expected loss ratio to produce ultimate loss estimates for each accident year.
•Bornhuetter-Ferguson using premiums and paid loss: The Bornhuetter-Ferguson using premiums and paid loss method is a combination of the paid development approach and the loss ratio approach. This method normally determines expected loss ratios similar to the approach used to estimate the expected loss ratio for the loss ratio method.
•Bornhuetter-Ferguson using premiums and incurred loss: The Bornhuetter-Ferguson using premiums and incurred loss method is similar to the Bornhuetter-Ferguson using premiums and paid loss method except that it uses case incurred losses.
•Frequency times severity: The frequency times severity method multiplies a projected number of ultimate claims by an estimated ultimate average loss for each accident year to produce ultimate loss estimates.
•Stochastic modeling: The stochastic modeling produces a range of possible outcomes based on varying assumptions related to the particular product being modeled.
For many exposures, especially those that are considered long-tail, a particular accident or policy year may not have a sufficient volume of paid losses to produce a statistically reliable estimate of ultimate losses. In such a case, the Company's actuaries typically assign more weight to the incurred development method than to the paid development method. As claims continue to settle and the volume of paid loss increases, the actuaries may assign additional weight to the paid development method. For most of the Company's products, even the incurred losses for accident or policy years that are early in the claim settlement process will not be of sufficient volume to produce a reliable estimate of ultimate losses. In these cases, the Company may not assign any weight to the paid and incurred development methods. The Company will use the loss ratio, Bornhuetter-Ferguson and frequency times severity methods. For short-tail exposures, the paid and incurred development methods can often be relied on sooner, primarily because the Company's history includes a sufficient number of
years to cover the entire period over which paid and incurred losses are expected to change. However, the Company may also use the loss ratio, Bornhuetter-Ferguson and frequency times severity methods for short-tail exposures. For other more complex reserve groups where the above methods may not produce reliable indications, the Company uses additional methods tailored to the characteristics of the specific situation.
The Company's reserving methodologies for mass tort and A&EP are similar as both are based on detailed reviews of large accounts with estimates of ultimate payments based on the facts in each case and the Company's view of applicable law and coverage litigation.
Gross and Net Carried Reserves
The following tables present the gross and net carried reserves.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
Specialty
|
|
Commercial
|
|
International
|
|
Life & Group
|
|
Corporate & Other
|
|
Total
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross Case Reserves
|
$
|
1,567
|
|
|
$
|
3,724
|
|
|
$
|
892
|
|
|
$
|
3,406
|
|
|
$
|
1,105
|
|
|
$
|
10,694
|
|
Gross IBNR Reserves
|
4,181
|
|
|
5,317
|
|
|
1,199
|
|
|
337
|
|
|
978
|
|
|
12,012
|
|
Total Gross Carried Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves
|
$
|
5,748
|
|
|
$
|
9,041
|
|
|
$
|
2,091
|
|
|
$
|
3,743
|
|
|
$
|
2,083
|
|
|
$
|
22,706
|
|
Net Case Reserves
|
$
|
1,410
|
|
|
$
|
3,357
|
|
|
$
|
777
|
|
|
$
|
3,298
|
|
|
$
|
88
|
|
|
$
|
8,930
|
|
Net IBNR Reserves
|
3,488
|
|
|
4,847
|
|
|
1,045
|
|
|
317
|
|
|
74
|
|
|
9,771
|
|
Total Net Carried Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves
|
$
|
4,898
|
|
|
$
|
8,204
|
|
|
$
|
1,822
|
|
|
$
|
3,615
|
|
|
$
|
162
|
|
|
$
|
18,701
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2019
|
Specialty
|
|
Commercial
|
|
International
|
|
Life & Group
|
|
Corporate & Other
|
|
Total
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross Case Reserves
|
$
|
1,481
|
|
|
$
|
3,937
|
|
|
$
|
858
|
|
|
$
|
3,576
|
|
|
$
|
1,137
|
|
|
$
|
10,989
|
|
Gross IBNR Reserves
|
3,757
|
|
|
4,719
|
|
|
1,018
|
|
|
140
|
|
|
1,097
|
|
|
10,731
|
|
Total Gross Carried Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves
|
$
|
5,238
|
|
|
$
|
8,656
|
|
|
$
|
1,876
|
|
|
$
|
3,716
|
|
|
$
|
2,234
|
|
|
$
|
21,720
|
|
Net Case Reserves
|
$
|
1,343
|
|
|
$
|
3,543
|
|
|
$
|
759
|
|
|
$
|
3,441
|
|
|
$
|
92
|
|
|
$
|
9,178
|
|
Net IBNR Reserves
|
3,333
|
|
|
4,306
|
|
|
869
|
|
|
116
|
|
|
83
|
|
|
8,707
|
|
Total Net Carried Claim and Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves
|
$
|
4,676
|
|
|
$
|
7,849
|
|
|
$
|
1,628
|
|
|
$
|
3,557
|
|
|
$
|
175
|
|
|
$
|
17,885
|
|
Net Prior Year Development
Changes in estimates of claim and claim adjustment expense reserves, net of reinsurance, for prior years are defined as net prior year loss reserve development (development). These changes can be favorable or unfavorable. The following table presents development recorded for the Specialty, Commercial, International and Corporate & Other segments.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years ended December 31
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable development:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Specialty
|
$
|
(61)
|
|
|
$
|
(92)
|
|
|
$
|
(150)
|
|
Commercial
|
43
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
(25)
|
|
International
|
(2)
|
|
|
21
|
|
|
(4)
|
|
Corporate & Other
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable development
|
$
|
(20)
|
|
|
$
|
(73)
|
|
|
$
|
(181)
|
|
Segment Development Tables
For the Specialty, Commercial and International segments, the following tables present further detail and commentary on the development reflected in the financial statements for each of the periods presented. Also presented are loss reserve development tables that illustrate the change over time of reserves established for claim and allocated claim adjustment expenses arising from short-duration insurance contracts for certain lines of business within each of these segments. Not all lines of business or segments are presented based on their context to the Company's overall loss reserves, calendar year reserve development, or calendar year net earned premiums. Insurance contracts are considered to be short-duration contracts when the contracts are not expected to remain in force for an extended period of time.
The Cumulative Net Incurred Claim and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses tables, reading across, show the cumulative net incurred claim and allocated claim adjustment expenses relating to each accident year at the end of the stated calendar year. Changes in the cumulative amount across time are the result of the Company's expanded awareness of additional facts and circumstances that pertain to the unsettled claims. The Cumulative Net Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses tables, reading across, show the cumulative amount paid for claims in each accident year as of the end of the stated calendar year. The Net Strengthening or (Releases) of Prior Accident Year Reserves tables, reading across, show the net increase or decrease in the cumulative net incurred accident year claim and allocated claim adjustment expenses during each stated calendar year and indicates whether the reserves for that accident year were strengthened or released.
The information in the tables is reported on a net basis after reinsurance and does not include the effects of discounting. The information contained in calendar years 2019 and prior is unaudited. Information contained in the tables pertaining to the Company's International segment has been presented at the year-end 2020 foreign currency exchange rates for all periods presented to remove the effects of foreign currency exchange rate changes between calendar years. The Company has presented development information for the Hardy business prospectively from the date of acquisition and is presented as a separate table within the Company's International segment. To the extent the Company enters into a commutation, the transaction is reported on a prospective basis. To the extent that the Company enters into a disposition, the effects of the disposition are reported on a retrospective basis by removing the balances associated with the disposed of business.
The amounts reported for the cumulative number of reported claims include direct and assumed open and closed claims by accident year at the claimant level. The number excludes claim counts for claims within a policy deductible where the insured is responsible for payment of losses in the deductible layer. Claim count data for certain assumed reinsurance contracts is unavailable.
IBNR includes reserves for incurred but not reported losses and expected development on case reserves. The Company does not establish case reserves for allocated loss adjusted expenses (ALAE), therefore ALAE reserves are also included in the estimate of IBNR.
Specialty
The following table presents further detail of the development recorded for the Specialty segment.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years ended December 31
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable development:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Medical Professional Liability
|
$
|
35
|
|
|
$
|
75
|
|
|
$
|
47
|
|
Other Professional Liability and Management Liability
|
(15)
|
|
|
(69)
|
|
|
(127)
|
|
Surety
|
(69)
|
|
|
(92)
|
|
|
(70)
|
|
Warranty
|
(7)
|
|
|
(15)
|
|
|
(10)
|
|
Other
|
(5)
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
10
|
|
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable development
|
$
|
(61)
|
|
|
$
|
(92)
|
|
|
$
|
(150)
|
|
2020
Unfavorable development in medical professional liability was primarily due to higher than expected frequency of large losses in recent accident years and unfavorable outcomes on specific claims in older accident years.
Favorable development in other professional liability and management liability was primarily due to lower than expected loss emergence in accident year 2017 and accident years prior to 2010.
Favorable development in surety was due to lower than expected frequency and lack of systemic loss activity for accident years 2019 and prior.
2019
Unfavorable development in medical professional liability was primarily due to higher than expected severity in accident years 2016 through 2018 in the Company's aging services business, higher than expected severity in accident year 2013 in the Company's allied healthcare business, unfavorable outcomes on individual claims and higher than expected severity in accident year 2017 in the Company's dentists business.
Favorable development in other professional liability and management liability was primarily due to lower than expected claim frequency and favorable outcomes on individual claims in accident years 2017 and prior related to financial institutions, lower than expected large claim losses in recent accident years in the Company's public company directors and officers liability (D&O) business and lower than expected loss adjustment expenses across accident years 2010 through 2018.
Favorable development in surety was due to lower than expected frequency for accident years 2018 and prior.
Favorable development in warranty was due to lower than expected paid loss emergence on vehicle products.
2018
Unfavorable development in medical professional liability was primarily due to higher than expected severity in accident years 2014 and 2017 in the Company's hospitals business. Additionally, there was higher than expected frequency and severity in aging services in accident years 2014 through 2017 combined, partially offset by lower than expected frequency in accident year 2015.
Favorable development in other professional liability and management liability was primarily due to lower than expected claim frequency in recent accident years related to financial institutions and professional liability errors and omissions (E&O), favorable severity in accident years 2015 and prior related to professional liability E&O and favorable outcomes on individual claims in financial institutions in accident years 2013 and prior.
Favorable development in surety was due to lower than expected loss emergence for accident years 2017 and prior.
Specialty - Line of Business Composition
The table below provides the line of business composition of the net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses for the Specialty segment.
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31
|
|
(In millions)
|
2020
|
Net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses:
|
|
Medical Professional Liability
|
$
|
1,520
|
|
Other Professional Liability and Management Liability
|
2,850
|
|
Surety
|
385
|
|
Warranty
|
34
|
|
Other
|
109
|
|
Total net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses
|
$
|
4,898
|
|
Specialty - Medical Professional Liability
Cumulative Net Incurred Claim and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31
|
Calendar Year
|
|
As of December 31, 2020
|
(In millions, except reported claims data)
|
2011(1)
|
|
2012(1)
|
|
2013(1)
|
|
2014(1)
|
|
2015(1)
|
|
2016(1)
|
|
2017(1)
|
|
2018(1)
|
|
2019(1)
|
|
2020
|
|
IBNR
|
|
Cumulative Number of Claims
|
Accident Year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011
|
$
|
429
|
|
|
$
|
437
|
|
|
$
|
443
|
|
|
$
|
468
|
|
|
$
|
439
|
|
|
$
|
434
|
|
|
$
|
437
|
|
|
$
|
437
|
|
|
$
|
439
|
|
|
$
|
439
|
|
|
$
|
4
|
|
|
16,537
|
|
2012
|
|
|
464
|
|
|
469
|
|
|
508
|
|
|
498
|
|
|
493
|
|
|
484
|
|
|
493
|
|
|
499
|
|
|
497
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
17,739
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
|
462
|
|
|
479
|
|
|
500
|
|
|
513
|
|
|
525
|
|
|
535
|
|
|
545
|
|
|
531
|
|
|
11
|
|
|
19,537
|
|
2014
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
450
|
|
|
489
|
|
|
537
|
|
|
530
|
|
|
535
|
|
|
529
|
|
|
527
|
|
|
11
|
|
|
19,770
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
433
|
|
|
499
|
|
|
510
|
|
|
494
|
|
|
488
|
|
|
510
|
|
|
29
|
|
|
18,122
|
|
2016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
427
|
|
|
487
|
|
|
485
|
|
|
499
|
|
|
508
|
|
|
27
|
|
|
15,998
|
|
2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
412
|
|
|
449
|
|
|
458
|
|
|
460
|
|
|
62
|
|
|
15,008
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
404
|
|
|
429
|
|
|
431
|
|
|
98
|
|
|
14,531
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
430
|
|
|
445
|
|
|
232
|
|
|
13,045
|
|
2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
477
|
|
|
426
|
|
|
7,787
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
4,825
|
|
|
$
|
905
|
|
|
|
Cumulative Net Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31
|
Calendar Year
|
(In millions)
|
2011(1)
|
|
2012(1)
|
|
2013(1)
|
|
2014(1)
|
|
2015(1)
|
|
2016(1)
|
|
2017(1)
|
|
2018(1)
|
|
2019(1)
|
|
2020
|
Accident Year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011
|
$
|
17
|
|
|
$
|
109
|
|
|
$
|
208
|
|
|
$
|
295
|
|
|
$
|
347
|
|
|
$
|
375
|
|
|
$
|
398
|
|
|
$
|
409
|
|
|
$
|
414
|
|
|
$
|
432
|
|
2012
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
117
|
|
|
221
|
|
|
323
|
|
|
388
|
|
|
427
|
|
|
457
|
|
|
479
|
|
|
482
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
|
17
|
|
|
119
|
|
|
255
|
|
|
355
|
|
|
414
|
|
|
462
|
|
|
495
|
|
|
508
|
|
2014
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
23
|
|
|
136
|
|
|
258
|
|
|
359
|
|
|
417
|
|
|
472
|
|
|
489
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
22
|
|
|
101
|
|
|
230
|
|
|
313
|
|
|
384
|
|
|
420
|
|
2016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
121
|
|
|
246
|
|
|
339
|
|
|
401
|
|
2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
107
|
|
|
235
|
|
|
308
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
21
|
|
|
115
|
|
|
211
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17
|
|
|
91
|
|
2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
3,353
|
|
Net liability for unpaid claim and allocated claim adjustment expenses for the accident years presented
|
|
$
|
1,472
|
|
Net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses for accident years prior to 2011
|
|
19
|
|
Liability for unallocated claim adjustment expenses for accident years presented
|
|
29
|
|
Total net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses
|
|
$
|
1,520
|
|
Net strengthening (releases) of prior accident year reserves is presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the years ended December 31
|
|
|
Calendar Year
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
2012(1)
|
|
2013(1)
|
|
2014(1)
|
|
2015(1)
|
|
2016(1)
|
|
2017(1)
|
|
2018(1)
|
|
2019(1)
|
|
2020
|
|
Total
|
Accident Year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
$
|
8
|
|
|
$
|
6
|
|
|
$
|
25
|
|
|
$
|
(29)
|
|
|
$
|
(5)
|
|
|
$
|
3
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
2
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
10
|
|
2012
|
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
39
|
|
|
(10)
|
|
|
(5)
|
|
|
(9)
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
6
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
33
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17
|
|
|
21
|
|
|
13
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
(14)
|
|
|
69
|
|
2014
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
39
|
|
|
48
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
77
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
66
|
|
|
11
|
|
|
(16)
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
|
22
|
|
|
77
|
|
2016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
60
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
81
|
|
2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
37
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
48
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
25
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
27
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15
|
|
|
15
|
|
Total net development for the accident years presented above
|
|
43
|
|
|
54
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
|
Total net development for accident years prior to 2011
|
|
5
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
Total unallocated claim adjustment expense development
|
|
(1)
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
47
|
|
|
$
|
75
|
|
|
$
|
35
|
|
|
|
(1) Data presented for these calendar years is required supplemental information, which is unaudited.
Specialty - Other Professional Liability and Management Liability
Cumulative Net Incurred Claim and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31
|
Calendar Year
|
|
As of December 31, 2020
|
(In millions, except reported claims data)
|
2011(1)
|
|
2012(1)
|
|
2013(1)
|
|
2014(1)
|
|
2015(1)
|
|
2016(1)
|
|
2017(1)
|
|
2018(1)
|
|
2019(1)
|
|
2020
|
|
IBNR
|
|
Cumulative Number of Claims
|
Accident Year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011
|
$
|
880
|
|
|
$
|
908
|
|
|
$
|
934
|
|
|
$
|
949
|
|
|
$
|
944
|
|
|
$
|
911
|
|
|
$
|
899
|
|
|
$
|
888
|
|
|
$
|
885
|
|
|
$
|
883
|
|
|
$
|
17
|
|
|
18,745
|
|
2012
|
|
|
923
|
|
|
909
|
|
|
887
|
|
|
878
|
|
|
840
|
|
|
846
|
|
|
833
|
|
|
831
|
|
|
850
|
|
|
25
|
|
|
18,504
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
|
884
|
|
|
894
|
|
|
926
|
|
|
885
|
|
|
866
|
|
|
863
|
|
|
850
|
|
|
846
|
|
|
36
|
|
|
17,939
|
|
2014
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
878
|
|
|
898
|
|
|
885
|
|
|
831
|
|
|
835
|
|
|
854
|
|
|
845
|
|
|
57
|
|
|
17,568
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
888
|
|
|
892
|
|
|
877
|
|
|
832
|
|
|
807
|
|
|
813
|
|
|
74
|
|
|
17,417
|
|
2016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
901
|
|
|
900
|
|
|
900
|
|
|
904
|
|
|
907
|
|
|
120
|
|
|
17,946
|
|
2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
847
|
|
|
845
|
|
|
813
|
|
|
791
|
|
|
220
|
|
|
18,118
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
850
|
|
|
864
|
|
|
869
|
|
|
276
|
|
|
19,789
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
837
|
|
|
845
|
|
|
447
|
|
|
19,157
|
|
2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
930
|
|
|
777
|
|
|
16,557
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
8,579
|
|
|
$
|
2,049
|
|
|
|
Cumulative Net Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31
|
Calendar Year
|
(In millions)
|
2011(1)
|
|
2012(1)
|
|
2013(1)
|
|
2014(1)
|
|
2015(1)
|
|
2016(1)
|
|
2017(1)
|
|
2018(1)
|
|
2019(1)
|
|
2020
|
Accident Year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011
|
$
|
71
|
|
|
$
|
314
|
|
|
$
|
503
|
|
|
$
|
605
|
|
|
$
|
683
|
|
|
$
|
726
|
|
|
$
|
781
|
|
|
$
|
796
|
|
|
$
|
828
|
|
|
$
|
851
|
|
2012
|
|
|
56
|
|
|
248
|
|
|
400
|
|
|
573
|
|
|
651
|
|
|
711
|
|
|
755
|
|
|
792
|
|
|
812
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
|
54
|
|
|
249
|
|
|
447
|
|
|
618
|
|
|
702
|
|
|
754
|
|
|
771
|
|
|
779
|
|
2014
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
51
|
|
|
223
|
|
|
392
|
|
|
515
|
|
|
647
|
|
|
707
|
|
|
743
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
60
|
|
|
234
|
|
|
404
|
|
|
542
|
|
|
612
|
|
|
677
|
|
2016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
64
|
|
|
248
|
|
|
466
|
|
|
625
|
|
|
701
|
|
2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
57
|
|
|
222
|
|
|
394
|
|
|
498
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
54
|
|
|
282
|
|
|
473
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
64
|
|
|
263
|
|
2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
67
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
5,864
|
|
Net liability for unpaid claim and allocated claim adjustment expenses for the accident years presented
|
|
$
|
2,715
|
|
Net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses for accident years prior to 2011
|
|
79
|
|
Liability for unallocated claim adjustment expenses for accident years presented
|
|
56
|
|
Total net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses
|
|
$
|
2,850
|
|
Net strengthening (releases) of prior accident year reserves is presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the years ended December 31
|
|
|
Calendar Year
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
2012(1)
|
|
2013(1)
|
|
2014(1)
|
|
2015(1)
|
|
2016(1)
|
|
2017(1)
|
|
2018(1)
|
|
2019(1)
|
|
2020
|
|
Total
|
Accident Year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
$
|
28
|
|
|
$
|
26
|
|
|
$
|
15
|
|
|
$
|
(5)
|
|
|
$
|
(33)
|
|
|
$
|
(12)
|
|
|
$
|
(11)
|
|
|
$
|
(3)
|
|
|
$
|
(2)
|
|
|
$
|
3
|
|
2012
|
|
|
|
|
(14)
|
|
|
(22)
|
|
|
(9)
|
|
|
(38)
|
|
|
6
|
|
|
(13)
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
(73)
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
(41)
|
|
|
(19)
|
|
|
(3)
|
|
|
(13)
|
|
|
(4)
|
|
|
(38)
|
|
2014
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
(13)
|
|
|
(54)
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
(9)
|
|
|
(33)
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
(15)
|
|
|
(45)
|
|
|
(25)
|
|
|
6
|
|
|
(75)
|
|
2016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
6
|
|
2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
(32)
|
|
|
(22)
|
|
|
(56)
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
19
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
8
|
|
Total net development for the accident years presented above
|
|
(70)
|
|
|
(38)
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
|
Total net development for accident years prior to 2011
|
|
(50)
|
|
|
(17)
|
|
|
(19)
|
|
|
|
Total unallocated claim adjustment expense development
|
|
(7)
|
|
|
(14)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
(127)
|
|
|
$
|
(69)
|
|
|
$
|
(15)
|
|
|
|
(1) Data presented for these calendar years is required supplemental information, which is unaudited.
Specialty - Surety
Cumulative Net Incurred Claim and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31
|
Calendar Year
|
|
As of December 31, 2020
|
(In millions, except reported claims data)
|
2011(1)
|
|
2012(1)
|
|
2013(1)
|
|
2014(1)
|
|
2015(1)
|
|
2016(1)
|
|
2017(1)
|
|
2018(1)
|
|
2019(1)
|
|
2020
|
|
IBNR
|
|
Cumulative Number of Claims
|
Accident Year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011
|
$
|
120
|
|
|
$
|
121
|
|
|
$
|
116
|
|
|
$
|
87
|
|
|
$
|
75
|
|
|
$
|
70
|
|
|
$
|
66
|
|
|
$
|
62
|
|
|
$
|
62
|
|
|
$
|
62
|
|
|
$
|
1
|
|
|
5,828
|
|
2012
|
|
|
120
|
|
|
122
|
|
|
98
|
|
|
70
|
|
|
52
|
|
|
45
|
|
|
39
|
|
|
38
|
|
|
37
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
5,577
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
|
120
|
|
|
121
|
|
|
115
|
|
|
106
|
|
|
91
|
|
|
87
|
|
|
83
|
|
|
82
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
5,078
|
|
2014
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
123
|
|
|
124
|
|
|
94
|
|
|
69
|
|
|
60
|
|
|
45
|
|
|
45
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
5,102
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
131
|
|
|
131
|
|
|
104
|
|
|
79
|
|
|
63
|
|
|
58
|
|
|
6
|
|
|
5,026
|
|
2016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
124
|
|
|
124
|
|
|
109
|
|
|
84
|
|
|
67
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
5,469
|
|
2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
120
|
|
|
115
|
|
|
103
|
|
|
84
|
|
|
31
|
|
|
5,706
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
114
|
|
|
108
|
|
|
91
|
|
|
48
|
|
|
5,920
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
119
|
|
|
112
|
|
|
67
|
|
|
5,344
|
|
2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
128
|
|
|
122
|
|
|
2,527
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
766
|
|
|
$
|
290
|
|
|
|
Cumulative Net Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31
|
Calendar Year
|
(In millions)
|
2011(1)
|
|
2012(1)
|
|
2013(1)
|
|
2014(1)
|
|
2015(1)
|
|
2016(1)
|
|
2017(1)
|
|
2018(1)
|
|
2019(1)
|
|
2020
|
Accident Year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011
|
$
|
19
|
|
|
$
|
42
|
|
|
$
|
55
|
|
|
$
|
58
|
|
|
$
|
60
|
|
|
$
|
60
|
|
|
$
|
56
|
|
|
$
|
57
|
|
|
$
|
57
|
|
|
$
|
57
|
|
2012
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
34
|
|
|
35
|
|
|
35
|
|
|
36
|
|
|
37
|
|
|
37
|
|
|
36
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
|
16
|
|
|
40
|
|
|
69
|
|
|
78
|
|
|
78
|
|
|
78
|
|
|
77
|
|
|
78
|
|
2014
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
30
|
|
|
38
|
|
|
36
|
|
|
38
|
|
|
38
|
|
|
39
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
26
|
|
|
38
|
|
|
40
|
|
|
42
|
|
|
44
|
|
2016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
37
|
|
|
45
|
|
|
45
|
|
|
43
|
|
2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
23
|
|
|
37
|
|
|
41
|
|
|
46
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
25
|
|
|
34
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
34
|
|
2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
415
|
|
Net liability for unpaid claim and allocated claim adjustment expenses for the accident years presented
|
|
$
|
351
|
|
Net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses for accident years prior to 2011
|
|
14
|
|
Liability for unallocated claim adjustment expenses for accident years presented
|
|
20
|
|
Total net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses
|
|
$
|
385
|
|
Net strengthening (releases) of prior accident year reserves is presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the years ended December 31
|
|
|
Calendar Year
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
2012(1)
|
|
2013(1)
|
|
2014(1)
|
|
2015(1)
|
|
2016(1)
|
|
2017(1)
|
|
2018(1)
|
|
2019(1)
|
|
2020
|
|
Total
|
Accident Year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
$
|
1
|
|
|
$
|
(5)
|
|
|
$
|
(29)
|
|
|
$
|
(12)
|
|
|
$
|
(5)
|
|
|
$
|
(4)
|
|
|
$
|
(4)
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
(58)
|
|
2012
|
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
(24)
|
|
|
(28)
|
|
|
(18)
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
|
(1)
|
|
|
(1)
|
|
|
(83)
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
|
(9)
|
|
|
(15)
|
|
|
(4)
|
|
|
(4)
|
|
|
(1)
|
|
|
(38)
|
|
2014
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
(30)
|
|
|
(25)
|
|
|
(9)
|
|
|
(15)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(78)
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(27)
|
|
|
(25)
|
|
|
(16)
|
|
|
(5)
|
|
|
(73)
|
|
2016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(15)
|
|
|
(25)
|
|
|
(17)
|
|
|
(57)
|
|
2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(5)
|
|
|
(12)
|
|
|
(19)
|
|
|
(36)
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
|
(17)
|
|
|
(23)
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
Total net development for the accident years presented above
|
|
(68)
|
|
|
(79)
|
|
|
(67)
|
|
|
|
Total net development for accident years prior to 2011
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
(3)
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
|
Total unallocated claim adjustment expense development
|
|
—
|
|
|
(10)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
(70)
|
|
|
$
|
(92)
|
|
|
$
|
(69)
|
|
|
|
(1) Data presented for these calendar years is required supplemental information, which is unaudited.
Commercial
The following table presents further detail of the development recorded for the Commercial segment.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years ended December 31
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable development:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commercial Auto
|
$
|
33
|
|
|
$
|
(25)
|
|
|
$
|
1
|
|
General Liability
|
65
|
|
|
54
|
|
|
32
|
|
Workers' Compensation
|
(96)
|
|
|
(13)
|
|
|
(32)
|
|
Property and Other
|
41
|
|
|
(18)
|
|
|
(26)
|
|
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable development
|
$
|
43
|
|
|
$
|
(2)
|
|
|
$
|
(25)
|
|
2020
Unfavorable development in commercial auto was due to higher than expected claim severity in the Company's middle market and construction business in recent accident years.
Unfavorable development in general liability was driven by higher than expected emergence in mass tort exposures, primarily due to New York reviver statute-related claims from accident years prior to 2010, increased bodily injury severities in accident years 2012 through 2016 and higher than expected frequency and severity in the Company’s umbrella business in accident years 2015 through 2019.
Favorable development in workers’ compensation was due to favorable medical trends driving lower than expected severity in multiple accident years.
Unfavorable development in property and other was primarily due to higher than expected large loss activity in accident year 2019 in the Company's middle market, national accounts and marine business units.
2019
Favorable development in commercial auto was primarily due to continued lower than expected severity across accident years 2015 and prior and a decline in bodily injury frequency in accident year 2018.
Unfavorable development in general liability was primarily due to higher than expected emergence in mass tort exposures, primarily from accident years 2016, 2015 and prior to 2010.
Favorable development in workers’ compensation was due to favorable medical trends driving lower than expected severity in accident years 2012 through 2018.
Favorable development in property and other was primarily driven by lower than expected claim severity related to catastrophe events in accident years 2017 and 2018.
2018
Unfavorable development in general liability was driven by higher than expected claim severity in unsupported umbrella in accident years 2013 through 2016.
Favorable development in workers’ compensation was driven by lower frequency and severity experience and favorable impacts from California reforms.
Favorable development in property and other was driven by lower than expected claim severity in catastrophes in accident year 2017.
Commercial - Line of Business Composition
The table below provides the line of business composition of the net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses for the Commercial segment.
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31
|
|
(In millions)
|
2020
|
Net Claim and claim adjustment expenses:
|
|
Commercial Auto
|
$
|
502
|
|
General Liability
|
3,305
|
|
Workers' Compensation
|
3,872
|
|
Property and Other
|
525
|
|
Total net liability for claim and claim adjustment expenses
|
$
|
8,204
|
|
Commercial - Commercial Auto
Cumulative Net Incurred Claim and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31
|
Calendar Year
|
|
As of December 31, 2020
|
(In millions, except reported claims data)
|
2011(1)
|
|
2012(1)
|
|
2013(1)
|
|
2014(1)
|
|
2015(1)
|
|
2016(1)
|
|
2017(1)
|
|
2018(1)
|
|
2019(1)
|
|
2020
|
|
IBNR
|
|
Cumulative Number of Claims
|
Accident Year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011
|
$
|
268
|
|
|
$
|
281
|
|
|
$
|
288
|
|
|
$
|
302
|
|
|
$
|
300
|
|
|
$
|
294
|
|
|
$
|
294
|
|
|
$
|
294
|
|
|
$
|
291
|
|
|
$
|
292
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
47,907
|
|
2012
|
|
|
275
|
|
|
289
|
|
|
299
|
|
|
303
|
|
|
307
|
|
|
299
|
|
|
299
|
|
|
297
|
|
|
296
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
46,288
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
|
246
|
|
|
265
|
|
|
265
|
|
|
249
|
|
|
245
|
|
|
245
|
|
|
241
|
|
|
241
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
39,429
|
|
2014
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
234
|
|
|
223
|
|
|
212
|
|
|
205
|
|
|
205
|
|
|
201
|
|
|
201
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
33,625
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
201
|
|
|
199
|
|
|
190
|
|
|
190
|
|
|
183
|
|
|
181
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
30,426
|
|
2016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
198
|
|
|
186
|
|
|
186
|
|
|
186
|
|
|
190
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
30,430
|
|
2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
199
|
|
|
198
|
|
|
200
|
|
|
221
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
30,913
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
229
|
|
|
227
|
|
|
227
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
34,225
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
257
|
|
|
266
|
|
|
48
|
|
|
36,779
|
|
2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
310
|
|
|
187
|
|
|
24,427
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
2,425
|
|
|
$
|
262
|
|
|
|
Cumulative Net Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31
|
Calendar Year
|
(In millions)
|
2011(1)
|
|
2012(1)
|
|
2013(1)
|
|
2014(1)
|
|
2015(1)
|
|
2016(1)
|
|
2017(1)
|
|
2018(1)
|
|
2019(1)
|
|
2020
|
Accident Year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011
|
$
|
79
|
|
|
$
|
145
|
|
|
$
|
199
|
|
|
$
|
248
|
|
|
$
|
274
|
|
|
$
|
284
|
|
|
$
|
287
|
|
|
$
|
289
|
|
|
$
|
289
|
|
|
$
|
290
|
|
2012
|
|
|
78
|
|
|
160
|
|
|
220
|
|
|
259
|
|
|
282
|
|
|
285
|
|
|
290
|
|
|
291
|
|
|
291
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
|
74
|
|
|
135
|
|
|
168
|
|
|
200
|
|
|
225
|
|
|
234
|
|
|
238
|
|
|
239
|
|
2014
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
64
|
|
|
102
|
|
|
137
|
|
|
166
|
|
|
187
|
|
|
196
|
|
|
198
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
52
|
|
|
96
|
|
|
130
|
|
|
153
|
|
|
172
|
|
|
175
|
|
2016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
52
|
|
|
93
|
|
|
126
|
|
|
154
|
|
|
175
|
|
2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
58
|
|
|
107
|
|
|
150
|
|
|
178
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
66
|
|
|
128
|
|
|
175
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
77
|
|
|
147
|
|
2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
71
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
1,939
|
|
Net liability for unpaid claim and allocated claim adjustment expenses for the accident years presented
|
|
$
|
486
|
|
Net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses for accident years prior to 2011
|
|
2
|
|
Liability for unallocated claim adjustment expenses for accident years presented
|
|
14
|
|
Total net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses
|
|
$
|
502
|
|
Net strengthening (releases) of prior accident year reserves is presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the years ended December 31
|
|
|
Calendar Year
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
2012(1)
|
|
2013(1)
|
|
2014(1)
|
|
2015(1)
|
|
2016(1)
|
|
2017(1)
|
|
2018(1)
|
|
2019(1)
|
|
2020
|
|
Total
|
Accident Year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
$
|
13
|
|
|
$
|
7
|
|
|
$
|
14
|
|
|
$
|
(2)
|
|
|
$
|
(6)
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
(3)
|
|
|
$
|
1
|
|
|
$
|
24
|
|
2012
|
|
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
(8)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
(1)
|
|
|
21
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(16)
|
|
|
(4)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(4)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(5)
|
|
2014
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(11)
|
|
|
(11)
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(4)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(33)
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
(9)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
(20)
|
|
2016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(12)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
(8)
|
|
2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
21
|
|
|
22
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
9
|
|
Total net development for the accident years presented above
|
|
(1)
|
|
|
(20)
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
|
Total net development for accident years prior to 2011
|
|
1
|
|
|
(4)
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
Total unallocated claim adjustment expense development
|
|
1
|
|
|
(1)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
1
|
|
|
$
|
(25)
|
|
|
$
|
33
|
|
|
|
(1) Data presented for these calendar years is required supplemental information, which is unaudited.
Commercial - General Liability
Cumulative Net Incurred Claim and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31
|
Calendar Year
|
|
As of December 31, 2020
|
(In millions, except reported claims data)
|
2011(1)
|
|
2012(1)
|
|
2013(1)
|
|
2014(1)
|
|
2015(1)
|
|
2016(1)
|
|
2017(1)
|
|
2018(1)
|
|
2019(1)
|
|
2020
|
|
IBNR
|
|
Cumulative Number of Claims
|
Accident Year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011
|
$
|
591
|
|
|
$
|
589
|
|
|
$
|
631
|
|
|
$
|
677
|
|
|
$
|
676
|
|
|
$
|
681
|
|
|
$
|
670
|
|
|
$
|
669
|
|
|
$
|
667
|
|
|
$
|
667
|
|
|
$
|
21
|
|
|
39,405
|
|
2012
|
|
|
587
|
|
|
611
|
|
|
639
|
|
|
636
|
|
|
619
|
|
|
635
|
|
|
635
|
|
|
630
|
|
|
632
|
|
|
24
|
|
|
35,276
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
|
650
|
|
|
655
|
|
|
650
|
|
|
655
|
|
|
613
|
|
|
623
|
|
|
620
|
|
|
623
|
|
|
27
|
|
|
33,649
|
|
2014
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
653
|
|
|
658
|
|
|
654
|
|
|
631
|
|
|
635
|
|
|
658
|
|
|
659
|
|
|
44
|
|
|
27,972
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
581
|
|
|
576
|
|
|
574
|
|
|
589
|
|
|
600
|
|
|
602
|
|
|
38
|
|
|
24,005
|
|
2016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
623
|
|
|
659
|
|
|
667
|
|
|
671
|
|
|
673
|
|
|
104
|
|
|
24,215
|
|
2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
632
|
|
|
632
|
|
|
632
|
|
|
634
|
|
|
136
|
|
|
21,781
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
653
|
|
|
644
|
|
|
646
|
|
|
302
|
|
|
19,234
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
680
|
|
|
682
|
|
|
453
|
|
|
17,294
|
|
2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
723
|
|
|
640
|
|
|
9,593
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
6,541
|
|
|
$
|
1,789
|
|
|
|
Cumulative Net Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31
|
Calendar Year
|
(In millions)
|
2011(1)
|
|
2012(1)
|
|
2013(1)
|
|
2014(1)
|
|
2015(1)
|
|
2016(1)
|
|
2017(1)
|
|
2018(1)
|
|
2019(1)
|
|
2020
|
Accident Year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011
|
$
|
28
|
|
|
$
|
148
|
|
|
$
|
273
|
|
|
$
|
411
|
|
|
$
|
517
|
|
|
$
|
568
|
|
|
$
|
602
|
|
|
$
|
622
|
|
|
$
|
638
|
|
|
$
|
640
|
|
2012
|
|
|
28
|
|
|
132
|
|
|
247
|
|
|
374
|
|
|
454
|
|
|
510
|
|
|
559
|
|
|
579
|
|
|
597
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
|
31
|
|
|
128
|
|
|
240
|
|
|
352
|
|
|
450
|
|
|
510
|
|
|
551
|
|
|
572
|
|
2014
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
31
|
|
|
119
|
|
|
247
|
|
|
376
|
|
|
481
|
|
|
547
|
|
|
569
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
110
|
|
|
230
|
|
|
357
|
|
|
446
|
|
|
501
|
|
2016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
163
|
|
|
279
|
|
|
407
|
|
|
481
|
|
2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
23
|
|
|
118
|
|
|
250
|
|
|
399
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
33
|
|
|
107
|
|
|
228
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
25
|
|
|
98
|
|
2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
23
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
4,108
|
|
Net liability for unpaid claim and allocated claim adjustment expenses for the accident years presented
|
|
$
|
2,433
|
|
Net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses for accident years prior to 2011
|
|
812
|
|
Liability for unallocated claim adjustment expenses for accident years presented
|
|
60
|
|
Total net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses
|
|
$
|
3,305
|
|
Net strengthening (releases) of prior accident year reserves is presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the years ended December 31
|
|
|
Calendar Year
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
2012(1)
|
|
2013(1)
|
|
2014(1)
|
|
2015(1)
|
|
2016(1)
|
|
2017(1)
|
|
2018(1)
|
|
2019(1)
|
|
2020
|
|
Total
|
Accident Year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
$
|
(2)
|
|
|
$
|
42
|
|
|
$
|
46
|
|
|
$
|
(1)
|
|
|
$
|
5
|
|
|
$
|
(11)
|
|
|
$
|
(1)
|
|
|
$
|
(2)
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
76
|
|
2012
|
|
|
|
|
24
|
|
|
28
|
|
|
(3)
|
|
|
(17)
|
|
|
16
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(5)
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
45
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
(5)
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
(42)
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
(3)
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
(27)
|
|
2014
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
(4)
|
|
|
(23)
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
23
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
6
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(5)
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
15
|
|
|
11
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
21
|
|
2016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
36
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
50
|
|
2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
2
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(9)
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
2
|
|
Total net development for the accident years presented above
|
|
36
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
16
|
|
|
|
Total net development for accident years prior to 2011
|
|
—
|
|
|
28
|
|
|
49
|
|
|
|
Total unallocated claim adjustment expense development
|
|
(4)
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
32
|
|
|
$
|
54
|
|
|
$
|
65
|
|
|
|
(1) Data presented for these calendar years is required supplemental information, which is unaudited.
Commercial - Workers' Compensation
Cumulative Net Incurred Claim and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31
|
Calendar Year
|
|
As of December 31, 2020
|
(In millions, except reported claims data)
|
2011(1)
|
|
2012(1)
|
|
2013(1)
|
|
2014(1)
|
|
2015(1)
|
|
2016(1)
|
|
2017(1)
|
|
2018(1)
|
|
2019(1)
|
|
2020
|
|
IBNR
|
|
Cumulative Number of Claims
|
Accident Year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011
|
$
|
607
|
|
|
$
|
641
|
|
|
$
|
647
|
|
|
$
|
659
|
|
|
$
|
651
|
|
|
$
|
676
|
|
|
$
|
676
|
|
|
$
|
674
|
|
|
$
|
688
|
|
|
$
|
698
|
|
|
$
|
42
|
|
|
46,443
|
|
2012
|
|
|
601
|
|
|
627
|
|
|
659
|
|
|
669
|
|
|
678
|
|
|
673
|
|
|
671
|
|
|
668
|
|
|
663
|
|
|
62
|
|
|
42,685
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
|
537
|
|
|
572
|
|
|
592
|
|
|
618
|
|
|
593
|
|
|
582
|
|
|
561
|
|
|
552
|
|
|
92
|
|
|
38,758
|
|
2014
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
467
|
|
|
480
|
|
|
479
|
|
|
452
|
|
|
450
|
|
|
446
|
|
|
439
|
|
|
97
|
|
|
33,488
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
422
|
|
|
431
|
|
|
406
|
|
|
408
|
|
|
394
|
|
|
382
|
|
|
116
|
|
|
31,876
|
|
2016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
426
|
|
|
405
|
|
|
396
|
|
|
382
|
|
|
366
|
|
|
121
|
|
|
31,967
|
|
2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
440
|
|
|
432
|
|
|
421
|
|
|
400
|
|
|
97
|
|
|
33,094
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
450
|
|
|
440
|
|
|
428
|
|
|
129
|
|
|
34,800
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
452
|
|
|
449
|
|
|
181
|
|
|
34,020
|
|
2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
477
|
|
|
312
|
|
|
24,980
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
4,854
|
|
|
$
|
1,249
|
|
|
|
Cumulative Net Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31
|
Calendar Year
|
(In millions)
|
2011(1)
|
|
2012(1)
|
|
2013(1)
|
|
2014(1)
|
|
2015(1)
|
|
2016(1)
|
|
2017(1)
|
|
2018(1)
|
|
2019(1)
|
|
2020
|
Accident Year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011
|
$
|
99
|
|
|
$
|
249
|
|
|
$
|
358
|
|
|
$
|
438
|
|
|
$
|
478
|
|
|
$
|
522
|
|
|
$
|
564
|
|
|
$
|
571
|
|
|
$
|
581
|
|
|
$
|
583
|
|
2012
|
|
|
87
|
|
|
232
|
|
|
342
|
|
|
416
|
|
|
470
|
|
|
509
|
|
|
524
|
|
|
536
|
|
|
538
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
|
80
|
|
|
213
|
|
|
300
|
|
|
370
|
|
|
417
|
|
|
419
|
|
|
411
|
|
|
414
|
|
2014
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
61
|
|
|
159
|
|
|
215
|
|
|
258
|
|
|
282
|
|
|
290
|
|
|
297
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
51
|
|
|
131
|
|
|
180
|
|
|
212
|
|
|
231
|
|
|
243
|
|
2016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
53
|
|
|
129
|
|
|
169
|
|
|
198
|
|
|
219
|
|
2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
63
|
|
|
151
|
|
|
207
|
|
|
243
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
68
|
|
|
163
|
|
|
229
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
71
|
|
|
169
|
|
2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
65
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
3,000
|
|
Net liability for unpaid claim and allocated claim adjustment expenses for the accident years presented
|
|
$
|
1,854
|
|
Net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses for accident years prior to 2011
|
|
1,984
|
|
Other (2)
|
|
(15)
|
|
Liability for unallocated claim adjustment expenses for accident years presented
|
|
49
|
|
Total net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses
|
|
$
|
3,872
|
|
Net strengthening (releases) of prior accident year reserves is presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the years ended December 31
|
|
|
Calendar Year
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
2012(1)
|
|
2013(1)
|
|
2014(1)
|
|
2015(1)
|
|
2016(1)
|
|
2017(1)
|
|
2018(1)
|
|
2019(1)
|
|
2020
|
|
Total
|
Accident Year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
$
|
34
|
|
|
$
|
6
|
|
|
$
|
12
|
|
|
$
|
(8)
|
|
|
$
|
25
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
(2)
|
|
|
$
|
14
|
|
|
$
|
10
|
|
|
$
|
91
|
|
2012
|
|
|
|
|
26
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
(5)
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
(3)
|
|
|
(5)
|
|
|
62
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
35
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
26
|
|
|
(25)
|
|
|
(11)
|
|
|
(21)
|
|
|
(9)
|
|
|
15
|
|
2014
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13
|
|
|
(1)
|
|
|
(27)
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
(4)
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
|
(28)
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
(25)
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
(14)
|
|
|
(12)
|
|
|
(40)
|
|
2016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(21)
|
|
|
(9)
|
|
|
(14)
|
|
|
(16)
|
|
|
(60)
|
|
2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(8)
|
|
|
(11)
|
|
|
(21)
|
|
|
(40)
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(10)
|
|
|
(12)
|
|
|
(22)
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3)
|
|
|
(3)
|
|
Total net development for the accident years presented above
|
|
(32)
|
|
|
(63)
|
|
|
(75)
|
|
|
|
Adjustment for development on a discounted basis
|
|
—
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
Total net development for accident years prior to 2011
|
|
7
|
|
|
24
|
|
|
(23)
|
|
|
|
Total unallocated claim adjustment expense development
|
|
(7)
|
|
|
23
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
(32)
|
|
|
$
|
(13)
|
|
|
$
|
(96)
|
|
|
|
(1) Data presented for these calendar years is required supplemental information, which is unaudited.
(2) Other includes the effect of discounting lifetime claim reserves.
International
The following table presents further detail of the development recorded for the International segment.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years ended December 31
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Pretax (favorable) unfavorable development:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Casualty
|
$
|
(13)
|
|
|
$
|
(20)
|
|
|
$
|
(17)
|
|
Property, Energy and Marine(1)
|
13
|
|
|
25
|
|
|
—
|
|
Specialty
|
(2)
|
|
|
16
|
|
|
13
|
|
Total pretax (favorable) unfavorable development
|
$
|
(2)
|
|
|
$
|
21
|
|
|
$
|
(4)
|
|
(1) Effective January 1, 2020 the Property and Energy and Marine lines of business have been combined in the International segment. Prior period information has been conformed to the new line of business presentation.
2020
Favorable development in casualty was primarily driven by better than expected loss experience across Europe and Canada in multiple accident years.
Unfavorable development in property, energy and marine was driven by adverse experience on discontinued lines.
2019
Favorable development in casualty was driven by lower than expected large losses and claim severity in accident years 2018 and prior in Hardy, Europe and Canada.
Unfavorable development in property, energy and marine was driven by higher than expected claims in Hardy on 2018 accident year Asian catastrophe events.
Unfavorable development in specialty was primarily driven by professional indemnity within Europe financial lines in accident years 2017 and 2018 due to potential design and construct exposures.
2018
Favorable development in casualty was primarily driven by better than expected frequency in the liability portion of the package business in Canada and general liability in Europe.
Unfavorable development in specialty was driven by increased loss severity in the accident year 2017 in Europe professional indemnity. This was partially offset by favorable development in accident years 2015 and prior in Europe healthcare and technology.
International - Line of Business Composition
The table below provides the composition of the net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses for the International segment.
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31
|
|
(In millions)
|
2020
|
Net Claim and claim adjustment expenses:
|
|
International excluding Hardy
|
$
|
1,282
|
|
Hardy
|
540
|
|
Total net liability for claim and claim adjustment expenses
|
$
|
1,822
|
|
International, Excluding Hardy
Cumulative Net Incurred Claim and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31
|
Calendar Year
|
|
As of December 31, 2020
|
(In millions, except reported claims data)
|
2011(1)
|
|
2012(1)
|
|
2013(1)
|
|
2014(1)
|
|
2015(1)
|
|
2016(1)
|
|
2017(1)
|
|
2018(1)
|
|
2019(1)
|
|
2020
|
|
IBNR
|
|
Cumulative Number of Claims
|
Accident Year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011
|
$
|
282
|
|
|
$
|
283
|
|
|
$
|
275
|
|
|
$
|
254
|
|
|
$
|
242
|
|
|
$
|
235
|
|
|
$
|
233
|
|
|
$
|
230
|
|
|
$
|
223
|
|
|
$
|
221
|
|
|
$
|
(1)
|
|
|
24,526
|
|
2012
|
|
|
283
|
|
|
290
|
|
|
275
|
|
|
267
|
|
|
267
|
|
|
259
|
|
|
252
|
|
|
246
|
|
|
242
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
24,901
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
|
305
|
|
|
307
|
|
|
299
|
|
|
278
|
|
|
274
|
|
|
265
|
|
|
256
|
|
|
252
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
23,808
|
|
2014
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
293
|
|
|
309
|
|
|
309
|
|
|
296
|
|
|
288
|
|
|
306
|
|
|
308
|
|
|
21
|
|
|
24,601
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
307
|
|
|
324
|
|
|
322
|
|
|
304
|
|
|
298
|
|
|
301
|
|
|
35
|
|
|
22,675
|
|
2016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
302
|
|
|
322
|
|
|
307
|
|
|
304
|
|
|
294
|
|
|
37
|
|
|
15,363
|
|
2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
318
|
|
|
385
|
|
|
407
|
|
|
399
|
|
|
99
|
|
|
16,086
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
393
|
|
|
411
|
|
|
416
|
|
|
105
|
|
|
20,423
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
365
|
|
|
379
|
|
|
124
|
|
|
16,890
|
|
2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
406
|
|
|
272
|
|
|
10,498
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
3,218
|
|
|
$
|
714
|
|
|
|
Cumulative Net Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31
|
Calendar Year
|
(In millions)
|
2011(1)
|
|
2012(1)
|
|
2013(1)
|
|
2014(1)
|
|
2015(1)
|
|
2016(1)
|
|
2017(1)
|
|
2018(1)
|
|
2019(1)
|
|
2020
|
Accident Year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011
|
$
|
47
|
|
|
$
|
121
|
|
|
$
|
144
|
|
|
$
|
158
|
|
|
$
|
172
|
|
|
$
|
184
|
|
|
$
|
193
|
|
|
$
|
197
|
|
|
$
|
200
|
|
|
$
|
202
|
|
2012
|
|
|
46
|
|
|
119
|
|
|
153
|
|
|
175
|
|
|
191
|
|
|
204
|
|
|
214
|
|
|
218
|
|
|
220
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
|
52
|
|
|
118
|
|
|
147
|
|
|
164
|
|
|
179
|
|
|
190
|
|
|
209
|
|
|
222
|
|
2014
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
54
|
|
|
128
|
|
|
157
|
|
|
175
|
|
|
193
|
|
|
214
|
|
|
250
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
59
|
|
|
139
|
|
|
171
|
|
|
192
|
|
|
216
|
|
|
231
|
|
2016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
70
|
|
|
139
|
|
|
167
|
|
|
191
|
|
|
204
|
|
2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
67
|
|
|
154
|
|
|
196
|
|
|
226
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
96
|
|
|
177
|
|
|
226
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
77
|
|
|
173
|
|
2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
63
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
2,017
|
|
Net liability for unpaid claim and allocated claim adjustment expenses for the accident years presented
|
|
$
|
1,201
|
|
Net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses for accident years prior to 2011
|
|
47
|
|
Liability for unallocated claim adjustment expenses for accident years presented
|
|
34
|
|
Total net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses
|
|
$
|
1,282
|
|
Net strengthening (releases) of prior accident year reserves is presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the years ended December 31
|
|
Calendar Year
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
2012(1)
|
|
2013(1)
|
|
2014(1)
|
|
2015(1)
|
|
2016(1)
|
|
2017(1)
|
|
2018(1)
|
|
2019(1)
|
|
2020
|
|
Total (2)
|
Accident Year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
$
|
1
|
|
|
$
|
(8)
|
|
|
$
|
(21)
|
|
|
$
|
(12)
|
|
|
$
|
(7)
|
|
|
$
|
(2)
|
|
|
$
|
(3)
|
|
|
$
|
(7)
|
|
|
$
|
(2)
|
|
|
$
|
(61)
|
|
2012
|
|
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
(15)
|
|
|
(8)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(8)
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
|
(4)
|
|
|
(41)
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
(8)
|
|
|
(21)
|
|
|
(4)
|
|
|
(9)
|
|
|
(9)
|
|
|
(4)
|
|
|
(53)
|
|
2014
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(13)
|
|
|
(8)
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
15
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
(18)
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
2016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
(15)
|
|
|
(3)
|
|
|
(10)
|
|
|
(8)
|
|
2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
67
|
|
|
22
|
|
|
(8)
|
|
|
81
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
23
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
14
|
|
(1) Data presented for these calendar years is required supplemental information, which is unaudited.
(2) The amounts included in the loss reserve development tables above are presented at the year-end 2020 foreign currency exchange rates for all periods presented to remove the effects of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations between calendar years. The amounts included within the table on page 101 presenting the detail of the development recorded within the International segment include the impact of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.
International - Hardy
Cumulative Net Incurred Claim and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31
|
|
|
|
|
|
Calendar Year
|
As of December 31, 2020
|
(In millions, except reported claims data)
|
Net Claim and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves at Acquisition
|
|
Net Incurred Claim and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses in 2012(1)(2)
|
|
Total Acquired Net Claim and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense Reserves and 2012 Incurreds
|
|
2013(1)
|
|
2014(1)
|
|
2015(1)
|
|
2016(1)
|
|
2017(1)
|
|
2018(1)
|
|
2019(1)
|
|
2020
|
|
IBNR
|
|
Cumulative Number of Claims
|
Accident Year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011
|
$
|
130
|
|
|
$
|
(2)
|
|
|
$
|
128
|
|
|
$
|
140
|
|
|
$
|
139
|
|
|
$
|
144
|
|
|
$
|
143
|
|
|
$
|
144
|
|
|
$
|
146
|
|
|
$
|
146
|
|
|
$
|
147
|
|
|
$
|
(1)
|
|
|
6,307
|
|
2012
|
34
|
|
|
72
|
|
|
106
|
|
|
106
|
|
|
114
|
|
|
122
|
|
|
115
|
|
|
116
|
|
|
118
|
|
|
117
|
|
|
115
|
|
|
(1)
|
|
|
6,970
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
133
|
|
|
149
|
|
|
140
|
|
|
142
|
|
|
143
|
|
|
147
|
|
|
147
|
|
|
147
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
7,744
|
|
2014
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
188
|
|
|
186
|
|
|
180
|
|
|
173
|
|
|
174
|
|
|
175
|
|
|
173
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
8,302
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
194
|
|
|
183
|
|
|
181
|
|
|
182
|
|
|
181
|
|
|
182
|
|
|
(5)
|
|
|
9,401
|
|
2016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
233
|
|
|
252
|
|
|
240
|
|
|
228
|
|
|
230
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
10,369
|
|
2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
248
|
|
|
258
|
|
|
246
|
|
|
247
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
12,430
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
278
|
|
|
310
|
|
|
314
|
|
|
44
|
|
|
14,076
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
226
|
|
|
229
|
|
|
76
|
|
|
9,648
|
|
2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
216
|
|
|
143
|
|
|
4,081
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
2,000
|
|
|
$
|
275
|
|
|
|
Cumulative Net Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses are presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31
|
|
|
|
Calendar Year
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
|
2012(1)(2)
|
|
2013(1)
|
|
2014(1)
|
|
2015(1)
|
|
2016(1)
|
|
2017(1)
|
|
2018(1)
|
|
2019(1)
|
|
2020
|
Accident Year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
|
$
|
31
|
|
|
$
|
86
|
|
|
$
|
128
|
|
|
$
|
133
|
|
|
$
|
136
|
|
|
$
|
138
|
|
|
$
|
140
|
|
|
$
|
141
|
|
|
$
|
142
|
|
2012
|
|
|
|
15
|
|
|
81
|
|
|
102
|
|
|
111
|
|
|
109
|
|
|
112
|
|
|
113
|
|
|
113
|
|
|
115
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
|
|
39
|
|
|
103
|
|
|
123
|
|
|
129
|
|
|
133
|
|
|
136
|
|
|
140
|
|
|
142
|
|
2014
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
57
|
|
|
125
|
|
|
143
|
|
|
153
|
|
|
159
|
|
|
164
|
|
|
166
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
30
|
|
|
99
|
|
|
132
|
|
|
147
|
|
|
160
|
|
|
164
|
|
2016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
64
|
|
|
148
|
|
|
175
|
|
|
185
|
|
|
198
|
|
2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
54
|
|
|
152
|
|
|
186
|
|
|
208
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
56
|
|
|
179
|
|
|
207
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
44
|
|
|
104
|
|
2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
28
|
|
Total
|
$
|
1,474
|
|
Net liability for unpaid claim and allocated claim adjustment expenses for the accident years presented
|
$
|
526
|
|
Net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses for accident years prior to 2011
|
5
|
|
Liability for unallocated claim adjustment expenses for accident years presented
|
9
|
|
Total net liability for unpaid claim and claim adjustment expenses
|
$
|
540
|
|
Net strengthening (releases) of prior accident year reserves is presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the years ended December 31
|
Calendar Year
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
2012(1)(2)
|
|
2013(1)
|
|
2014(1)
|
|
2015(1)
|
|
2016(1)
|
|
2017(1)
|
|
2018(1)
|
|
2019(1)
|
|
2020
|
|
Total(3)
|
Accident Year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011
|
$
|
(2)
|
|
|
$
|
12
|
|
|
$
|
(1)
|
|
|
$
|
5
|
|
|
$
|
(1)
|
|
|
$
|
1
|
|
|
$
|
2
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
1
|
|
|
$
|
17
|
|
2012
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
(1)
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
9
|
|
2013
|
|
|
|
|
16
|
|
|
(9)
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
14
|
|
2014
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
(15)
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(11)
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
(1)
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
(12)
|
|
2016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
(12)
|
|
|
(12)
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
(3)
|
|
2017
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
(12)
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
(1)
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
36
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
3
|
|
(1) Data presented for these calendar years is required supplemental information, which is unaudited.
(2) Data presented for this calendar year is post-acquisition of Hardy.
(3) The amounts included in the loss reserve development tables above are presented at the year-end 2020 foreign currency exchange rates for all periods presented to remove the effects of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations between calendar years. The amounts included within the table on page 101 presenting the detail of the development recorded within the International segment include the impact of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.
The table below presents information about average historical claims duration as of December 31, 2020 and is presented as required supplementary information, which is unaudited.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Ultimate Net Incurred Claim and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses in Year:
|
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
Specialty
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Medical Professional Liability
|
3.7
|
%
|
|
19.5
|
%
|
|
24.0
|
%
|
|
18.4
|
%
|
|
12.2
|
%
|
|
8.2
|
%
|
|
5.2
|
%
|
|
3.1
|
%
|
|
0.9
|
%
|
|
4.1
|
%
|
Other Professional Liability and Management Liability
|
7.0
|
%
|
|
22.9
|
%
|
|
21.4
|
%
|
|
16.3
|
%
|
|
10.1
|
%
|
|
6.6
|
%
|
|
4.4
|
%
|
|
2.3
|
%
|
|
3.0
|
%
|
|
2.6
|
%
|
Surety(1)
|
18.3
|
%
|
|
44.6
|
%
|
|
20.0
|
%
|
|
3.5
|
%
|
|
2.2
|
%
|
|
1.2
|
%
|
|
(0.7)
|
%
|
|
0.9
|
%
|
|
(1.4)
|
%
|
|
—
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commercial
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commercial Auto
|
27.9
|
%
|
|
24.0
|
%
|
|
18.3
|
%
|
|
14.0
|
%
|
|
9.8
|
%
|
|
2.9
|
%
|
|
1.3
|
%
|
|
0.5
|
%
|
|
—
|
%
|
|
0.3
|
%
|
General Liability
|
4.2
|
%
|
|
15.0
|
%
|
|
18.9
|
%
|
|
20.3
|
%
|
|
14.3
|
%
|
|
9.1
|
%
|
|
5.7
|
%
|
|
3.2
|
%
|
|
2.6
|
%
|
|
0.3
|
%
|
Workers' Compensation
|
14.5
|
%
|
|
21.9
|
%
|
|
14.2
|
%
|
|
10.1
|
%
|
|
6.4
|
%
|
|
3.5
|
%
|
|
2.1
|
%
|
|
1.1
|
%
|
|
0.9
|
%
|
|
0.3
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
International
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
International - Excluding Hardy
|
19.8
|
%
|
|
25.6
|
%
|
|
11.0
|
%
|
|
7.2
|
%
|
|
6.2
|
%
|
|
5.4
|
%
|
|
6.9
|
%
|
|
2.9
|
%
|
|
1.1
|
%
|
|
0.9
|
%
|
International - Hardy (2)
|
22.0
|
%
|
|
37.5
|
%
|
|
12.8
|
%
|
|
6.3
|
%
|
|
4.7
|
%
|
|
2.4
|
%
|
|
1.9
|
%
|
|
1.4
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
(1) Due to the nature of the Surety business, average annual percentage payout of ultimate net incurred claim and allocated claim adjustment expenses has been calculated using only the payouts of mature accident years presented in the loss reserve development tables.
(2) Average historical claims duration for Hardy is presented prospectively beginning with the first full year subsequent to acquisition, 2013.
A&EP Reserves
In 2010, Continental Casualty Company (CCC) together with several of the Company’s insurance subsidiaries completed a transaction with National Indemnity Company (NICO), a subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway Inc., under which substantially all of the Company’s legacy A&EP liabilities were ceded to NICO through a LPT. At the effective date of the transaction, the Company ceded approximately $1.6 billion of net A&EP claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserves to NICO under a retroactive reinsurance agreement with an aggregate limit of $4 billion. The $1.6 billion of claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserves ceded to NICO was net of $1.2 billion of ceded claim and allocated claim adjustment expense reserves under existing third-party reinsurance contracts. The NICO LPT aggregate reinsurance limit also covers credit risk on the existing third-party reinsurance related to these liabilities. The Company paid NICO a reinsurance premium of $2 billion and transferred to NICO billed third-party reinsurance receivables related to A&EP claims with a net book value of $215 million, resulting in total consideration of $2.2 billion.
In years subsequent to the effective date of the LPT, the Company recognized adverse prior year development on its A&EP reserves resulting in additional amounts ceded under the LPT. As a result, the cumulative amounts ceded under the LPT have exceeded the $2.2 billion consideration paid, resulting in the NICO LPT moving into a gain position, requiring retroactive reinsurance accounting. Under retroactive reinsurance accounting, this gain is deferred and only recognized in earnings in proportion to actual paid recoveries under the LPT. Over the life of the contract, there is no economic impact as long as any additional losses incurred are within the limit of the LPT. In a period in which the Company recognizes a change in the estimate of A&EP reserves that increases or decreases the amounts ceded under the LPT, the proportion of actual paid recoveries to total ceded losses is affected and the change in the deferred gain is recognized in earnings as if the revised estimate of ceded losses was available at the effective date of the LPT. The effect of the deferred retroactive reinsurance benefit is recorded in Insurance claims and policyholders' benefits in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
The following table presents the impact of the Loss Portfolio Transfer on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years ended December 31
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Additional amounts ceded under LPT:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net A&EP adverse development before consideration of LPT
|
$
|
125
|
|
|
$
|
150
|
|
|
$
|
178
|
|
Provision for uncollectible third-party reinsurance on A&EP
|
(25)
|
|
|
(25)
|
|
|
(16)
|
|
Total additional amounts ceded under LPT
|
100
|
|
|
125
|
|
|
162
|
|
Retroactive reinsurance benefit recognized
|
(94)
|
|
|
(107)
|
|
|
(114)
|
|
Pretax impact of deferred retroactive reinsurance
|
$
|
6
|
|
|
$
|
18
|
|
|
$
|
48
|
|
Net unfavorable prior year development of $125 million, $150 million and $178 million was recognized before consideration of cessions to the LPT for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018. The unfavorable development in 2020 and 2019 was driven by higher than anticipated defense and indemnity costs on known direct asbestos and environmental accounts and a reduction in estimated reinsurance recoverable. The unfavorable development in 2018 was driven by higher than anticipated defense and indemnity costs on known direct asbestos and environmental accounts and by paid losses on assumed reinsurance exposures. Additionally, in 2020, 2019 and 2018, the Company released $25 million, $25 million and $16 million of its provision for uncollectible third-party reinsurance.
As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the cumulative amounts ceded under the LPT were $3.3 billion and $3.2 billion. The unrecognized deferred retroactive reinsurance benefit was $398 million and $392 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 and is included within Other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
NICO established a collateral trust account as security for its obligations to the Company. The fair value of the collateral trust account was $4.2 billion and $3.7 billion as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. In addition, Berkshire Hathaway Inc. guaranteed the payment obligations of NICO up to the aggregate reinsurance limit as well as certain of NICO’s performance obligations under the trust agreement. NICO is responsible for claims handling and billing and collection from third-party reinsurers related to the majority of the Company’s A&EP claims.
Life & Group Policyholder Reserves
The Company’s Life & Group segment includes its run-off long term care business as well as structured settlement obligations not funded by annuities related to certain property and casualty claimants. Long term care policies provide benefits for nursing homes, assisted living facilities and home health care subject to various daily and lifetime caps. Generally, policyholders must continue to make periodic premium payments to keep the policy in force and the Company has the ability to increase policy premiums, subject to state regulatory approval.
The Company maintains both claim and claim adjustment expense reserves as well as future policy benefit reserves for policyholder benefits for the Life & Group segment. Claim and claim adjustment expense reserves consist of estimated reserves for long term care policyholders that are currently receiving benefits, including claims that have been incurred but are not yet reported. In developing the claim and claim adjustment expense reserve estimates for long term care policies, the Company’s actuaries perform a detailed claim reserve review on an annual basis. The review analyzes the sufficiency of existing reserves for policyholders currently on claim and includes an evaluation of expected benefit utilization and claim duration. In addition, claim and claim adjustment expense reserves are also maintained for the structured settlement obligations. In developing the claim and claim adjustment expense reserve estimates for structured settlement obligations, the Company's actuaries monitor mortality experience on an annual basis. The Company’s recorded claim and claim adjustment expense reserves reflect management's best estimate after incorporating the results of the most recent reviews. Claim and claim adjustment expense reserves for long term care policies and structured settlement obligations are discounted as discussed in Note A to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
The Company completed its annual claim reserve reviews in the third quarter of 2020, 2019 and 2018. The Company's 2020 claim reserve reviews resulted in a $46 million pretax increase in claim and claim adjustment expense reserve estimates for structured settlement obligations primarily due to lower discount rate assumptions and mortality assumption changes and a $37 million pretax reduction in claim and claim adjustment expense reserves for long term care policies primarily due to lower claim severity than anticipated in the reserve estimates. The Company's 2019 and 2018 claim reserve reviews resulted in $56 million and $31 million pretax reductions in claim and claim adjustment expense reserves for long term care policies primarily due to lower claim severity than anticipated in the reserve estimates.
Future policy benefit reserves consist of the active life reserves related to the Company’s long term care policies for policyholders that are not currently receiving benefits and represent the present value of expected future benefit payments and expenses less expected future premium. The determination of these reserves requires management to make estimates and assumptions about expected investment and policyholder experience over the life of the contract. Since many of these contracts may be in force for several decades, these assumptions are subject to significant estimation risk.
The actuarial assumptions that management believes are subject to the most variability are morbidity, persistency, discount rates and anticipated future premium rate increases. Morbidity is the frequency and severity of injury, illness, sickness and diseases contracted. Persistency is the percentage of policies remaining in force and can be affected by policy lapses, benefit reductions and death. Discount rates are influenced by the investment yield on assets supporting long term care reserves which is subject to interest rate and market volatility and may also be affected by changes to the Internal Revenue Code. Future premium rate increases are generally subject to regulatory approval, and therefore the exact timing and size of the approved rate increases are unknown. As a result of this variability, the Company’s long term care reserves may be subject to material increases if actual experience develops adversely to the Company’s expectations.
Annually, in the third quarter, management assesses the adequacy of its long term care future policy benefit reserves by performing a GPV to determine if there is a premium deficiency. Under the GPV, management estimates required reserves using best estimate assumptions as of the date of the assessment without provisions for adverse deviation. The GPV required reserves are then compared to the existing recorded reserves. If the GPV required reserves are greater than the existing recorded reserves, the existing assumptions are unlocked and future policy benefit reserves are increased to the greater amount. Any such increase is reflected in the Company’s results of operations in the period in which the need for such adjustment is determined. If the GPV required reserves are less than the existing recorded reserves, assumptions remain locked in and no adjustment is required.
Periodically, management engages independent third parties to assess the appropriateness of its best estimate assumptions. The most recent third party assessment, performed in 2019, validated the assumption setting process and confirmed the best estimate assumptions appropriately reflected the experience data at that time.
The GPV for the long term care future policy benefit reserves, performed in the third quarter of 2020 and 2019, indicated a premium deficiency primarily driven by lower discount rate assumptions. Recognition of the premium deficiency resulted in a $74 million and a $216 million pretax charge in policyholders' benefits reflected in the Company's results of operations. The Company’s 2018 GPV for the long term care future policy benefit reserves indicated the reserves were not deficient and no adjustment was required.
Note F. Legal Proceedings, Contingencies and Guarantees
The Company is a party to various claims and routine litigation incidental to its business, which, based on the facts and circumstances currently known, are not material to the Company's results of operations or financial position.
General Liability Premium Rate Adjustment Contingency
The Company recently became aware of discrepancies in the experience rating calculation of certain general liability policies. These calculation discrepancies resulted in certain policyholders being undercharged while others were overcharged. The Company has made corrections to its systems and processes to address the issue. The Company recorded a charge which reduced earned premium by $14 million in anticipation of voluntarily issuing premium refunds in connection with policies written from January 1, 2018 through December 31, 2020 which were overcharged. The Company has contacted regulators in states with a significant anticipated volume of premium refunds. Fines or penalties related to the foregoing are reasonably possible, but the amount of such fines, if any, cannot be estimated at this time.
Guarantees
As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company had recorded liabilities of approximately $5 million related to guarantee and indemnification agreements. Management does not believe that any future indemnity claims will be significantly greater than the amounts recorded.
The Company has provided guarantees, if the primary obligor fails to perform, to holders of structured settlement annuities issued by a previously owned subsidiary. As of December 31, 2020, the potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to pay under these guarantees was approximately $1.7 billion, which will be paid over the lifetime of the annuitants. The Company does not believe any payment is likely under these guarantees, as the Company is the beneficiary of a trust that must be maintained at a level that approximates the discounted reserves for these annuities.
Note G. Reinsurance
The Company cedes insurance to reinsurers to limit its maximum loss, provide greater diversification of risk, minimize exposures on larger risks and to exit certain lines of business. The ceding of insurance does not discharge the primary liability of the Company. A credit exposure exists with respect to reinsurance ceded to the extent that any reinsurer is unable to meet its obligations. A collectibility exposure also exists to the extent that the reinsurer disputes the liabilities assumed under reinsurance agreements. Property and casualty reinsurance coverages are tailored to the specific risk characteristics of each product line and the Company's retained amount varies by type of coverage. Reinsurance contracts are purchased to protect specific lines of business such as property and workers' compensation. Corporate catastrophe reinsurance is also purchased for property and workers' compensation exposure. The Company also utilizes facultative reinsurance in certain lines. In addition, the Company assumes reinsurance primarily through Hardy and as a member of various reinsurance pools and associations.
The following table presents the amounts receivable from reinsurers.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
Reinsurance receivables related to insurance reserves:
|
|
|
|
Ceded claim and claim adjustment expenses
|
$
|
4,005
|
|
|
$
|
3,835
|
|
Ceded future policy benefits
|
263
|
|
|
226
|
|
Reinsurance receivables related to paid losses
|
210
|
|
|
143
|
|
Reinsurance receivables
|
4,478
|
|
|
4,204
|
|
Allowance for uncollectible reinsurance
|
(21)
|
|
|
(25)
|
|
Reinsurance receivables, net of allowance for uncollectible reinsurance
|
$
|
4,457
|
|
|
$
|
4,179
|
|
The Company has established an allowance for uncollectible voluntary reinsurance receivables which relates to both amounts already billed on ceded paid losses as well as ceded reserves that will be billed when losses are paid in the future. The following table summarizes the outstanding amount of voluntary reinsurance receivables, gross of any collateral arrangements, by financial strength rating.
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
December 31, 2020
|
A- to A++
|
$
|
2,820
|
|
B- to B++
|
904
|
Insolvent
|
3
|
Total voluntary reinsurance outstanding balance(1)
|
$
|
3,727
|
|
(1) Expected credit losses for legacy A&EP receivables are ceded to NICO and the reinsurance limit on the LPT has not been exhausted, therefore no allowance is recorded for these receivables and they are excluded from the table above. Refer to Note E to the Consolidated Financial Statements for information regarding the LPT. The Company has also excluded receivables from involuntary pools.
The Company attempts to mitigate its credit risk related to reinsurance by entering into reinsurance arrangements with reinsurers that have credit ratings above certain levels and by obtaining collateral. On a limited basis, the Company may enter into reinsurance agreements with reinsurers that are not rated, primarily captive reinsurers. Receivables from captive reinsurers are backed by collateral arrangements and comprise the majority of the voluntary reinsurance receivables within the B- to B++ rating distribution in the table above. The primary methods of obtaining collateral are through reinsurance trusts, letters of credit and funds withheld balances. Such collateral, limited by the balance of open recoverables, was approximately $3.3 billion and $3.2 billion as of December 31, 2020 and 2019.
The Company's largest recoverables from a single reinsurer as of December 31, 2020, including ceded unearned premium reserves, were approximately $1.9 billion from subsidiaries of the Berkshire Hathaway Insurance Group, $377 million from the Gateway Rivers Insurance Company and $314 million from the Palo Verde Insurance Company. These amounts are substantially collateralized or otherwise secured. The recoverable from subsidiaries of the Berkshire Hathaway Insurance Group includes amounts related to third-party
reinsurance for which NICO has assumed the credit risk under the terms of the LPT as discussed in Note E to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
The effects of reinsurance on earned premiums and written premiums are presented in the following tables.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
Direct
|
|
Assumed
|
|
Ceded
|
|
Net
|
|
Assumed/
Net %
|
2020 Earned Premiums
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property and casualty
|
$
|
11,547
|
|
|
$
|
238
|
|
|
$
|
4,640
|
|
|
$
|
7,145
|
|
|
3.3
|
%
|
Long term care
|
454
|
|
|
50
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
504
|
|
|
9.9
|
%
|
Total earned premiums
|
$
|
12,001
|
|
|
$
|
288
|
|
|
$
|
4,640
|
|
|
$
|
7,649
|
|
|
3.8
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019 Earned Premiums
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property and casualty
|
$
|
11,021
|
|
|
$
|
288
|
|
|
$
|
4,401
|
|
|
$
|
6,908
|
|
|
4.2
|
%
|
Long term care
|
470
|
|
|
50
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
520
|
|
|
9.6
|
%
|
Total earned premiums
|
$
|
11,491
|
|
|
$
|
338
|
|
|
$
|
4,401
|
|
|
$
|
7,428
|
|
|
4.6
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2018 Earned Premiums
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property and casualty
|
$
|
10,857
|
|
|
$
|
305
|
|
|
$
|
4,380
|
|
|
$
|
6,782
|
|
|
4.5
|
%
|
Long term care
|
480
|
|
|
50
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
530
|
|
|
9.4
|
%
|
Total earned premiums
|
$
|
11,337
|
|
|
$
|
355
|
|
|
$
|
4,380
|
|
|
$
|
7,312
|
|
|
4.9
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
Direct
|
|
Assumed
|
|
Ceded
|
|
Net
|
|
Assumed/
Net %
|
2020 Written Premiums
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property and casualty
|
$
|
12,168
|
|
|
$
|
229
|
|
|
$
|
4,832
|
|
|
$
|
7,565
|
|
|
3.0
|
%
|
Long term care
|
444
|
|
|
50
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
494
|
|
|
10.1
|
%
|
Total written premiums
|
$
|
12,612
|
|
|
$
|
279
|
|
|
$
|
4,832
|
|
|
$
|
8,059
|
|
|
3.5
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019 Written Premiums
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property and casualty
|
$
|
11,421
|
|
|
$
|
281
|
|
|
$
|
4,569
|
|
|
$
|
7,133
|
|
|
3.9
|
%
|
Long term care
|
473
|
|
|
50
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
523
|
|
|
9.6
|
%
|
Total written premiums
|
$
|
11,894
|
|
|
$
|
331
|
|
|
$
|
4,569
|
|
|
$
|
7,656
|
|
|
4.3
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2018 Written Premiums
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property and casualty
|
$
|
11,094
|
|
|
$
|
310
|
|
|
$
|
4,583
|
|
|
$
|
6,821
|
|
|
4.5
|
%
|
Long term care
|
474
|
|
|
50
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
524
|
|
|
9.5
|
%
|
Total written premiums
|
$
|
11,568
|
|
|
$
|
360
|
|
|
$
|
4,583
|
|
|
$
|
7,345
|
|
|
4.9
|
%
|
Included in the direct and ceded earned premiums for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 are $3,543 million, $3,578 million and $3,740 million related to property business that is 100% reinsured under a significant third-party captive program. The third-party captives that participate in this program are affiliated with the non-insurance company policyholders, therefore this program provides a means for the policyholders to self-insure this property risk. The Company receives and retains a ceding commission.
Long term care premiums are from long-duration contracts; property and casualty premiums are from short-duration contracts.
Insurance claims and policyholders' benefits reported on the Consolidated Statements of Operations are net of estimated reinsurance recoveries of $3,158 million, $2,733 million and $2,836 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, including $2,375 million, $2,080 million and $1,927 million, respectively, related to the significant third-party captive program discussed above.
Note H. Debt
Debt is composed of the following long term obligations.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
Senior notes of CNAF:
|
|
|
|
5.750%, face amount of $400, due August 15, 2021(1)
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
399
|
|
3.950%, face amount of $550, due May 15, 2024
|
548
|
|
|
548
|
|
4.500%, face amount of $500, due March 1, 2026
|
499
|
|
|
498
|
|
3.450%, face amount of $500, due August 15, 2027
|
496
|
|
|
496
|
|
3.900%, face amount of $500, due May 1, 2029
|
496
|
|
|
496
|
|
2.050%, face amount of $500, due August 15, 2030
|
495
|
|
|
—
|
|
Debenture of CNAF, 7.250%, face amount of $243, due November 15, 2023
|
242
|
|
|
242
|
|
Total
|
$
|
2,776
|
|
|
$
|
2,679
|
|
(1) The Company redeemed these notes in the third quarter of 2020.
CCC is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago (FHLBC). FHLBC membership provides participants with access to additional sources of liquidity through various programs and services. As a requirement of membership in the FHLBC, CCC held $5 million of FHLBC stock as of December 31, 2020 giving it immediate access to approximately $111 million of additional liquidity. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, CCC had no outstanding borrowings from the FHLBC.
During 2019, the Company amended and restated its existing credit agreement with a syndicate of banks. The agreement provides a five-year $250 million senior unsecured revolving credit facility which is intended to be used for general corporate purposes. At the Company's election, the commitments under the agreement may be increased from time to time up to an additional aggregate amount of $100 million, and two one-year extensions are available prior to any anniversary of the closing date, each subject to applicable consents. Under the agreement, the Company is required to pay a facility fee which will adjust automatically in the event of a change in the Company's financial ratings. The agreement includes several covenants, including maintenance of a minimum consolidated net worth and a specified ratio of consolidated indebtedness to consolidated total capitalization. The minimum consolidated net worth, as defined, at December 31, 2020, was $8.7 billion. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company had no outstanding borrowings under the credit agreement.
The Company's debt obligations contain customary covenants for investment grade issuers. The Company was in compliance with all covenants as of and for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.
The combined aggregate maturities for debt as of December 31, 2020 are presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
2021
|
$
|
—
|
|
2022
|
—
|
|
2023
|
243
|
|
2024
|
550
|
|
2025
|
—
|
|
Thereafter
|
2,000
|
|
Less: discount
|
(17)
|
|
Total
|
$
|
2,776
|
|
Note I. Benefit Plans
Pension and Postretirement Health Care Benefit Plans
CNA sponsors noncontributory defined benefit pension plans, primarily through the CNA Retirement Plan, covering certain eligible employees. These plans are closed to new entrants. CNA's funding policy for defined benefit pension plans is to make contributions in accordance with applicable governmental regulatory requirements with consideration of the funded status of the plans.
Effective January 1, 2000, the CNA Retirement Plan was closed to new participants. Existing participants at that time were given a choice to either continue to accrue benefits under the CNA Retirement Plan or to cease accruals effective December 31, 1999. Employees who chose to continue to accrue benefits under the plan received benefits in accordance with plan provisions through June 30, 2015 as discussed further below. Participants who elected to cease accruals effective December 31, 1999 received the present value of their accrued benefit in an accrued pension account that is credited with interest based on the annual rate of interest on 30-year Treasury securities. These employees also receive certain enhanced employer contributions in the CNA 401k Plan.
Effective June 30, 2015, the Company eliminated future benefit accruals associated with the CNA Retirement Plan. Participants continuing to accrue benefits under the CNA Retirement Plan at that time are entitled to an accrued benefit payable based on their eligible compensation and accrued service through June 30, 2015. These affected participants now also receive enhanced employer contributions in the CNA 401k Plan similar to participants who elected to cease accruals effective December 31, 1999. Employees who elected to cease accruals effective December 31, 1999 were not affected by this curtailment.
CNA provides certain postretirement health care benefits to eligible retired employees, their covered dependents and their beneficiaries primarily through the CNA Health and Group Benefits Program. These postretirement benefits have largely been eliminated for active employees.
The following table presents a reconciliation of benefit obligations and plan assets.
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|
|
Pension Benefits
|
|
Postretirement Benefits
|
(In millions)
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
Benefit obligation as of January 1
|
$
|
2,661
|
|
|
$
|
2,466
|
|
|
$
|
8
|
|
|
$
|
9
|
|
Changes in benefit obligation:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest cost
|
80
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Participants' contributions
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
4
|
|
Actuarial (gain) loss
|
205
|
|
|
261
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
1
|
|
Benefits paid
|
(173)
|
|
|
(169)
|
|
|
(5)
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
Foreign currency translation and other
|
3
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Settlements
|
(7)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Benefit obligation as of December 31
|
2,769
|
|
|
2,661
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
8
|
|
Fair value of plan assets as of January 1
|
2,285
|
|
|
2,025
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Change in plan assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Actual return on plan assets
|
295
|
|
|
292
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Company contributions
|
16
|
|
|
134
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
2
|
|
Participants' contributions
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
4
|
|
Benefits paid
|
(173)
|
|
|
(169)
|
|
|
(5)
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
Foreign currency translation and other
|
4
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Settlements
|
(7)
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|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Fair value of plan assets as of December 31
|
2,420
|
|
|
2,285
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Funded status
|
$
|
(349)
|
|
|
$
|
(376)
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|
|
$
|
(7)
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|
|
$
|
(8)
|
|
Amounts recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31:
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Other assets
|
$
|
2
|
|
|
$
|
5
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
Other liabilities
|
(351)
|
|
|
(381)
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|
|
(7)
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|
|
(8)
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|
Net amount recognized
|
$
|
(349)
|
|
|
$
|
(376)
|
|
|
$
|
(7)
|
|
|
$
|
(8)
|
|
Amounts recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive income, not yet recognized in net periodic cost (benefit):
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net actuarial (gain) loss
|
$
|
1,073
|
|
|
$
|
1,056
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
(2)
|
|
Net amount recognized
|
$
|
1,073
|
|
|
$
|
1,056
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
(2)
|
|
The accumulated benefit obligation for all defined benefit pension plans was $2,769 million and $2,661 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. Changes for years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 include actuarial losses of $205 million and $261 million, respectively, primarily driven by changes in the discount rate used to determine defined benefit pension obligations.
The components of net periodic pension cost (benefit) are presented in the following table.
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Years ended December 31
|
|
|
|
|
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(In millions)
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Net periodic pension cost (benefit)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation
|
$
|
80
|
|
|
$
|
100
|
|
|
$
|
93
|
|
Expected return on plan assets
|
(155)
|
|
|
(142)
|
|
|
(159)
|
|
Amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss
|
45
|
|
|
39
|
|
|
37
|
|
Settlement loss
|
3
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
6
|
|
Total net periodic pension cost (benefit)
|
$
|
(27)
|
|
|
$
|
(3)
|
|
|
$
|
(23)
|
|
For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, the Company recognized $8 million, $1 million and $8 million of non-service benefit in Insurance claims and policyholders' benefits and $19 million, $2 million and $15 million of non-service benefit in Other operating expenses related to net periodic pension benefit.
The amounts recognized in Other comprehensive income are presented in the following table.
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|
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|
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Years ended December 31
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Pension and postretirement benefits
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amounts arising during the period
|
$
|
(67)
|
|
|
$
|
(112)
|
|
|
$
|
(41)
|
|
Settlement
|
3
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
6
|
|
Reclassification adjustment relating to prior service credit
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
Reclassification adjustment relating to actuarial loss
|
45
|
|
|
39
|
|
|
36
|
|
Total increase (decrease) in Other comprehensive income
|
$
|
(19)
|
|
|
$
|
(73)
|
|
|
$
|
(1)
|
|
Actuarial assumptions used for the CNA Retirement Plan and CNA Health and Group Benefits Program to determine benefit obligations are presented in the following table. The interest crediting rate is the weighted average interest rate applied to the individual pension balances for employees who elected to cease accruals effective December 31, 1999.
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|
|
December 31
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
Pension benefits
|
|
|
|
Discount rate
|
2.350
|
%
|
|
3.150
|
%
|
Interest crediting rate
|
3.000
|
|
|
5.000
|
|
Postretirement benefits
|
|
|
|
Discount rate
|
1.600
|
%
|
|
2.300
|
%
|
Actuarial assumptions used for the CNA Retirement Plan and CNA Health and Group Benefits Program to determine net cost or benefit are presented in the following table.
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years ended December 31
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Pension benefits
|
|
|
|
|
|
Discount rate
|
3.150
|
%
|
|
4.250
|
%
|
|
3.550
|
%
|
Expected long term rate of return
|
7.250
|
|
|
7.500
|
|
|
7.500
|
|
Interest crediting rate
|
5.000
|
|
|
5.000
|
|
|
5.000
|
|
Postretirement benefits
|
|
|
|
|
|
Discount rate
|
2.300
|
%
|
|
3.550
|
%
|
|
2.750
|
%
|
To determine the discount rate assumption as of the year-end measurement date for the CNA Retirement Plan and CNA Health and Group Benefits Program, the Company considered the estimated timing of plan benefit payments and available yields on high quality fixed income debt securities. For this purpose, high quality is considered a rating of Aa or better by Moody's Investors Service, Inc. (Moody's) or a rating of AA or better from Standard & Poor's (S&P). The Company reviewed several yield curves constructed using the cash flow characteristics of the plans as well as bond indices as of the measurement date. The trend of those data points was also considered.
In determining the expected long term rate of return on plan assets assumption for the CNA Retirement Plan, CNA considered the historical performance of the benefit plan investment portfolio as well as long term market return expectations based on the investment mix of the portfolio and the expected investment horizon.
The CNA Health and Group Benefits Program has limited its share of the health care trend rate to a cost-of-living adjustment of 4% per year. For all participants, the employer subsidy on health care costs will not increase by more than 4% per year. As a result, the assumed health care cost trend rate used in measuring the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation for the CNA Health and Group Benefits Program was 4% per year in 2020, 2019 and 2018.
CNA employs a total return approach whereby a mix of equity, limited partnerships and fixed maturity securities are used to maximize the long term return of retirement plan assets for a prudent level of risk and to manage cash flows according to plan requirements. The target allocation of plan assets is 40% to 60% invested in equity securities and limited partnerships, with the remainder primarily invested in fixed maturity securities. Alternative investments, including limited partnerships, are used to enhance risk adjusted long term returns while improving portfolio diversification. The intent of this strategy is to minimize the Company's expense related to funding the plan by generating investment returns that exceed the growth of the plan liabilities over the long run. Risk tolerance is established after careful consideration of the plan liabilities, plan funded status and corporate financial conditions.
As of December 31, 2020, the Plan had committed approximately $190 million to future capital calls from various third-party limited partnership investments in exchange for an ownership interest in the related partnerships. Derivatives may be used to gain market exposure in an efficient and timely manner. Investment risk is measured and monitored on an ongoing basis through annual liability measurements, periodic asset/liability studies and quarterly investment portfolio reviews.
Pension plan assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as well as cash are presented in the following tables.
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
Level 1
|
|
Level 2
|
|
Level 3
|
|
Total
|
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed maturity securities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate bonds and other
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
643
|
|
|
$
|
9
|
|
|
$
|
652
|
|
States, municipalities and political subdivisions
|
|
—
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
32
|
|
Asset-backed
|
|
—
|
|
|
98
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
98
|
|
Total fixed maturity securities
|
|
—
|
|
|
773
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
782
|
|
Equity securities
|
|
666
|
|
|
137
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
803
|
|
Short term investments
|
|
20
|
|
|
38
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
58
|
|
Other assets
|
|
—
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
8
|
|
Cash
|
|
13
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
13
|
|
Total assets measured at fair value
|
|
$
|
699
|
|
|
$
|
956
|
|
|
$
|
9
|
|
|
1,664
|
|
Total limited partnerships measured at net asset value (1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
756
|
|
Total
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
2,420
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
Level 1
|
|
Level 2
|
|
Level 3
|
|
Total
|
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed maturity securities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate bonds and other
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
587
|
|
|
$
|
10
|
|
|
$
|
597
|
|
States, municipalities and political subdivisions
|
|
—
|
|
|
51
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
51
|
|
Asset-backed
|
|
—
|
|
|
154
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
154
|
|
Total fixed maturity securities
|
|
—
|
|
|
792
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
802
|
|
Equity securities
|
|
458
|
|
|
128
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
586
|
|
Short term investments
|
|
55
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
62
|
|
Other assets
|
|
—
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
9
|
|
Cash
|
|
13
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
13
|
|
Total assets measured at fair value
|
|
$
|
526
|
|
|
$
|
936
|
|
|
$
|
10
|
|
|
1,472
|
|
Total limited partnerships measured at net asset value (1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
813
|
|
Total
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
2,285
|
|
(1) Certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in this table for these investments are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the Plan's Statement of Financial Position.
The limited partnership investments held within the plan are recorded at fair value, which represents the plan's share of net asset value of each partnership, as determined by each limited partnership's general partner. Limited partnerships comprising 75% and 79% of the carrying value as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 employ hedge fund strategies that generate returns through investing in marketable securities in the public fixed income and equity markets and the remainder were primarily invested in private debt and equity. Within hedge fund strategies, approximately 69% were equity related, 27% pursued a multi-strategy approach and 4% were focused on distressed investments as of December 31, 2020.
For a discussion of the fair value levels and the valuation methodologies used to measure fixed maturity securities, equities, derivatives and short term investments, see Note C to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
The table below presents the estimated future minimum benefit payments to participants as of December 31, 2020.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
Pension Benefits
|
|
Postretirement Benefits
|
2021
|
$
|
179
|
|
|
$
|
1
|
|
2022
|
180
|
|
|
1
|
|
2023
|
180
|
|
|
1
|
|
2024
|
177
|
|
|
1
|
|
2025
|
176
|
|
|
—
|
|
2026-2030
|
823
|
|
|
2
|
|
In 2021, CNA expects to contribute $6 million to its pension plans and $1 million to its postretirement health care benefit plans.
Savings Plans
CNA sponsors savings plans, which are generally contributory plans that allow most employees to contribute a maximum of 50% of their eligible compensation, subject to certain limitations prescribed by the IRS. Effective January 1, 2020, the Company adopted amendments to its primary savings plan which impacted the Company contribution design. Under the current plan, the Company contributes matching amounts to participants amounting to 100% of the first 6% of eligible compensation contributed by the employee. In addition, eligible employees also receive a Company contribution of 5% of their eligible compensation, referred to as a basic contribution. Company contributions vest ratably over participants first five years of service.
Prior to January 1, 2020, the Company match was limited to 70% (35% in the first year of employment) of the first 6% of eligible compensation contributed by the employee. The basic contribution was either 3% or 5%, depending on the age of the employee. Further, employees previously were eligible to receive additional discretionary contributions of up to 2% of eligible compensation and an additional Company match of up to 80% of the first 6% of eligible compensation contributed by the employee. These additional contributions were made at the discretion of management.
Benefit expense for the Company's savings plans was $70 million, $71 million and $71 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018.
Note J. Stock-Based Compensation
The current CNAF Incentive Compensation Plan (the Plan) authorizes the grant of stock-based compensation to certain management personnel for up to 16 million shares of CNAF common stock. The Plan currently provides for awards of stock options, stock appreciation rights (SARs), restricted shares, restricted stock units (RSUs), performance-based RSUs and performance share units. The number of shares available for the granting of stock-based compensation under the Plan as of December 31, 2020 was approximately 5.9 million.
In 2016, CNA adopted the Annual Performance Share Plan (PSP). The PSP provides officers with an opportunity to earn an award based upon attainment of specific performance goals achieved over a one-year performance period. Awards are granted at the beginning of each performance year and are generally subject to a two-year cliff vesting period after the Company’s annual performance has been determined. Prior to the PSP, CNA issued performance share units under the Long Term Incentive Plan (LTI Plan). The LTI Plan had a three-year performance period and was settled during 2018. In both plans, the performance share units become payable within a range of 0% to 200% of the number of performance share units initially granted. Related to the transition to the PSP, CNA granted Special Supplemental Equity Awards (SSE) in 2016, which consisted of restricted stock units that fully vested in 2018.
Additionally, the Company may grant RSUs under the Plan in certain circumstances. These awards generally vest over a one to three-year service period following the grant date.
Stock-based compensation that is not fully vested prior to termination is generally forfeited upon termination, except in cases of retirement, death or disability, and as otherwise provided by contractual obligations. The fair value of stock-based compensation awards is based on the market value of the Company's common stock as of the date of grant, except for awards made to foreign participants, which is based on the current market value of the Company’s common stock. Payments made under the PSP and SSE are made entirely in shares of common stock granted under the Plan, except for awards made to foreign participants, which are paid in cash.
The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense related to the Plan of $37 million, $34 million and $32 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018. The related income tax benefit recognized was $6 million, $8 million and $8 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018. The compensation cost not yet recognized was $39 million, and the weighted average period over which it is expected to be recognized is 1.8 years as of December 31, 2020.
The total fair value of RSUs and performance shares that vested during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was $35 million, $31 million and $16 million, respectively.
The weighted average grant date fair value for RSUs and performance shares granted during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was $34.36, $43.86 and $51.64, respectively.
The following table presents activity for non-vested RSUs and performance share units under the Plan in 2020.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of Awards
|
|
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
|
Balance as of January 1, 2020
|
2,115,186
|
|
|
$
|
46.25
|
|
Awards granted
|
1,316,407
|
|
|
34.36
|
|
Awards vested
|
(806,589)
|
|
|
44.31
|
|
Awards forfeited, canceled or expired
|
(248,760)
|
|
|
42.57
|
|
Performance-based adjustment
|
62,897
|
|
|
34.45
|
|
Balance as of December 31, 2020
|
2,439,141
|
|
|
40.56
|
|
Note K. Other Intangible Assets
Other intangible assets are presented in the following table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
(In millions)
|
Economic Useful Life
|
|
Gross Carrying Amount
|
|
Accumulated Amortization
|
|
Gross Carrying Amount
|
|
Accumulated Amortization
|
Finite-lived intangible assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trade name
|
8 years
|
|
$
|
7
|
|
|
$
|
7
|
|
|
$
|
7
|
|
|
$
|
6
|
|
Distribution channel
|
15 years
|
|
11
|
|
|
6
|
|
|
11
|
|
|
5
|
|
Total finite-lived intangible assets
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
13
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
11
|
|
Indefinite-lived intangible assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Syndicate capacity
|
|
|
48
|
|
|
|
|
46
|
|
|
|
Agency force
|
|
|
16
|
|
|
|
|
16
|
|
|
|
Total indefinite-lived intangible assets
|
|
|
64
|
|
|
|
|
62
|
|
|
|
Total other intangible assets
|
|
|
$
|
82
|
|
|
$
|
13
|
|
|
$
|
80
|
|
|
$
|
11
|
|
The Company's other intangible assets primarily relate to the purchase of Hardy, and the amortization of the finite-lived intangible assets is included in the Statement of Operations for the International segment. Amortization expense of $1 million was included in Other operating expenses for each of the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018. The gross carrying amounts and accumulated amortization in the table above may change from period to period as a result of foreign currency translation. Estimated future annual amortization expense for other intangible assets is $1 million in each of the years 2021 through 2025.
Note L. Leases
Total lease expense was $57 million and $55 million for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, which includes operating lease expense of $38 million and $37 million and variable lease expense of $19 million and $18 million for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Prior to the adoption of the new leasing standard, lease expense for the year ended December 31, 2018 was $62 million. Cash paid for amounts included in operating lease liabilities was $41 million and $34 million for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019. Operating lease ROU assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations were $6 million and $12 million for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.
The following table presents operating lease ROU assets and lease liabilities.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
December 31, 2020
|
December 31, 2019
|
Operating lease ROU assets
|
$
|
199
|
|
$
|
220
|
|
Operating lease liabilities
|
279
|
|
301
|
|
The following table presents the maturities of operating lease liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
December 31, 2020
|
2021
|
$
|
44
|
|
2022
|
41
|
|
2023
|
36
|
|
2024
|
29
|
|
2025
|
24
|
|
Thereafter
|
163
|
|
Total lease payments
|
337
|
|
Less: Discount
|
(58)
|
|
Total operating lease liabilities
|
$
|
279
|
|
The following table presents the weighted average remaining lease term for operating leases and weighted average discount rate used in calculating operating lease ROU assets.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
December 31, 2019
|
Weighted average remaining lease term
|
10.3 years
|
10.8 years
|
Weighted average discount rate
|
3.4
|
%
|
3.4
|
%
|
Note M. Stockholders’ Equity and Statutory Accounting Practices
Common Stock Dividends
There are no restrictions on the retained earnings or net income of CNAF with regard to payment of dividends to its stockholders. However, given the holding company nature of CNAF, its ability to pay a dividend is significantly dependent on the receipt of dividends from its subsidiaries, particularly CCC, which directly or indirectly owns the vast majority of all significant subsidiaries. See the Statutory Accounting Practices section below for a discussion of the regulatory restrictions on CCC's availability to pay dividends.
CNAF's ability to pay dividends may be indirectly limited by the minimum consolidated net worth covenant in the Company's line of credit agreement. See Note H to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of the Company's debt obligations.
Statutory Accounting Practices
CNAF’s insurance subsidiaries are domiciled in various jurisdictions. These subsidiaries prepare statutory financial statements in accordance with accounting practices prescribed or permitted by the respective jurisdictions’ insurance regulators. Domestic prescribed statutory accounting practices are set forth in a variety of publications of the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) as well as state laws, regulations and general administrative rules. These statutory accounting principles vary in certain respects from GAAP. In converting from statutory accounting principles to GAAP, the more significant adjustments include deferral of policy acquisition costs and the inclusion of net unrealized holding gains or losses in stockholders’ equity relating to certain fixed maturity securities.
The Company has a prescribed practice as it relates to the accounting under Statement of Statutory Accounting Principles No. 62R (SSAP No. 62R), Property and Casualty Reinsurance, paragraphs 88 and 89 in conjunction with the 2010 LPT with NICO which is further discussed in Note E to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The prescribed practice allows the Company to aggregate all third party A&EP reinsurance balances administered by NICO in Schedule F and to utilize the LPT as collateral for the underlying third party reinsurance balances for purposes of calculating the statutory reinsurance penalty. This prescribed practice increased statutory capital and surplus by $91 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019.
The payment of dividends by CNAF's insurance subsidiaries without prior approval of the insurance department of each subsidiary’s domiciliary jurisdiction is generally limited by formula. Dividends in excess of these amounts are subject to prior approval by the respective insurance regulator.
Dividends from CCC are subject to the insurance holding company laws of the State of Illinois, the domiciliary state of CCC. Under these laws, ordinary dividends, or dividends that do not require prior approval by the Illinois Department of Insurance (the Department), are determined based on the greater of the prior year's statutory net income or 10% of statutory surplus as of the end of the prior year, as well as the timing and amount of dividends paid in the preceding twelve months. Additionally, ordinary dividends may only be paid from earned surplus, which is calculated by removing unrealized gains from unassigned surplus. As of December 31, 2020, CCC is in a positive earned surplus position. The maximum allowable dividend CCC could pay during 2021 that would not be subject to the Department’s prior approval is $1,070 million, less dividends paid during the preceding twelve months measured at that point in time. CCC paid dividends of $975 million in 2020. The actual level of dividends paid in any year is determined after an assessment of available dividend capacity, holding company liquidity and cash needs as well as the impact the dividends will have on the statutory surplus of the applicable insurance company.
Combined statutory capital and surplus and statutory net income (loss) for the Combined Continental Casualty Companies are presented in the table below, determined in accordance with accounting practices prescribed or permitted by insurance and/or other regulatory authorities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Statutory Capital and Surplus
|
|
Statutory Net Income (Loss)
|
|
December 31
|
|
Years ended December 31
|
(In millions)
|
2020 (1)
|
|
2019
|
|
2020 (1)
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Combined Continental Casualty Companies
|
$
|
10,708
|
|
|
$
|
10,787
|
|
|
$
|
800
|
|
|
$
|
1,062
|
|
|
$
|
1,405
|
|
(1) Information derived from the statutory-basis financial statements to be filed with insurance regulators.
CNAF’s domestic insurance subsidiaries are subject to risk-based capital (RBC) requirements. RBC is a method developed by the NAIC to determine the minimum amount of statutory capital appropriate for an insurance company to support its overall business operations in consideration of its size and risk profile. The formula for determining the amount of RBC specifies various factors, weighted based on the perceived degree of risk, which are applied to certain financial balances and financial activity. The adequacy of a company's actual capital is evaluated by a comparison to the RBC results, as determined by the formula. Companies below minimum RBC requirements are classified within certain levels, each of which requires specified corrective action.
The statutory capital and surplus presented above for CCC was approximately 266% and 291% of company action level RBC as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. Company action level RBC is the level of RBC which triggers a heightened level of regulatory supervision. The statutory capital and surplus of the Company's foreign insurance subsidiaries, which is not significant to the overall statutory capital and surplus, also met or exceeded their respective regulatory and other capital requirements.
Note N. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) by Component
The tables below display the changes in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) by component.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments with an allowance for credit losses(1)
|
|
Net unrealized gains (losses) on other investments(1)
|
|
Pension and postretirement benefits
|
|
Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment
|
|
Total
|
Balance as of January 1, 2020
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
1,025
|
|
|
$
|
(833)
|
|
|
$
|
(141)
|
|
|
$
|
51
|
|
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications
|
(43)
|
|
|
763
|
|
|
(53)
|
|
|
47
|
|
|
714
|
|
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) net of tax (expense) benefit of $12, $(12), $10, $— and $10
|
(43)
|
|
|
43
|
|
|
(38)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(38)
|
|
Other comprehensive income (loss) net of tax (expense) benefit of $—, $(189), $4, $— and $(185)
|
—
|
|
|
720
|
|
|
(15)
|
|
|
47
|
|
|
752
|
|
Balance as of December 31, 2020
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
1,745
|
|
|
$
|
(848)
|
|
|
$
|
(94)
|
|
|
$
|
803
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments with OTTI losses(1)
|
|
Net unrealized gains (losses) on other investments(1)
|
|
Pension and postretirement benefits
|
|
Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment
|
|
Total
|
Balance as of January 1, 2019
|
$
|
16
|
|
|
$
|
61
|
|
|
$
|
(775)
|
|
|
$
|
(180)
|
|
|
$
|
(878)
|
|
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications
|
(13)
|
|
|
957
|
|
|
(89)
|
|
|
39
|
|
|
894
|
|
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) net of tax (expense) benefit of $3, $(1), $8, $— and $10
|
(12)
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
(31)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(35)
|
|
Other comprehensive income (loss) net of tax (expense) benefit of $—, $(255), $15, $— and $(240)
|
(1)
|
|
|
949
|
|
|
(58)
|
|
|
39
|
|
|
929
|
|
Balance as of December 31, 2019
|
$
|
15
|
|
|
$
|
1,010
|
|
|
$
|
(833)
|
|
|
$
|
(141)
|
|
|
$
|
51
|
|
(1) As of January 1, 2020, the Company adopted ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments with OTTI losses column that tracked the change in unrealized gains (losses) on investments with OTTI losses has been replaced with the Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments with an allowance for credit losses column. The balances previously reported in the Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments with OTTI losses column are now reported in the Net unrealized gains (losses) on other investments column.
Amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) shown above are reported in Net income (loss) as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Component of AOCI
|
|
Consolidated Statements of Operations Line Item Affected by Reclassifications
|
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments with an allowance for credit losses, Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments with OTTI losses and Net unrealized gains (losses) on other investments
|
|
Net investment gains (losses)
|
Pension and postretirement benefits
|
|
Other operating expenses and Insurance claims and policyholders' benefits
|
Note O. Business Segments
The Company's property and casualty commercial insurance operations are managed and reported in three business segments: Specialty, Commercial and International. These three segments are collectively referred to as Property & Casualty Operations. Specialty provides management and professional liability and other coverages through property and casualty products and services using a network of brokers, independent agencies and managing general underwriters. Commercial works with a network of brokers and independent agents to market a broad range of property and casualty insurance products to all types of insureds targeting small business, construction, middle markets and other commercial customers. The International segment underwrites property and casualty coverages on a global basis through a branch operation in Canada, a European business consisting of two insurance companies based in the U.K. and Luxembourg and Hardy, the Company's Lloyd's syndicate.
The Company's operations outside of Property & Casualty Operations are managed and reported in two segments: Life & Group and Corporate & Other. Life & Group primarily includes the results of the long term care business that is in run-off. Corporate & Other primarily includes certain corporate expenses, including interest on corporate debt, and the results of certain property and casualty business in run-off, including CNA Re and A&EP.
The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in Note A to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The Company manages most of its assets on a legal entity basis, while segment operations are generally conducted across legal entities. As such, only Insurance and Reinsurance receivables, Insurance reserves, Deferred acquisition costs, Goodwill and Deferred non-insurance warranty acquisition expense and revenue are readily identifiable for individual segments. Distinct investment portfolios are not maintained for every individual segment; accordingly, allocation of assets to each segment is not performed. Therefore, a significant portion of Net investment income and Net investment gains or losses are allocated primarily based on each segment's net carried insurance reserves, as adjusted. All significant intersegment income and expense have been eliminated. Income taxes have been allocated on the basis of the taxable income of the segments.
Approximately 9% of the Company's direct written premiums were derived from outside the United States for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018.
In the following tables, certain financial measures are presented to provide information used by management to monitor the Company's operating performance. Management utilizes these financial measures to monitor the Company's insurance operations and investment portfolio.
The performance of the Company's insurance operations is monitored by management through core income (loss), which is derived from certain income statement amounts. The Company's investment portfolio is monitored by management through analysis of various factors including unrealized gains and losses on securities, portfolio duration and exposure to market and credit risk.
Core income (loss) is calculated by excluding from net income (loss) the after-tax effects of net investment gains or losses and any cumulative effects of changes in accounting guidance. The calculation of core income (loss) excludes net investment gains or losses because net investment gains or losses are generally driven by economic factors that are not necessarily reflective of our primary operations.
The Company's results of operations and selected balance sheet items by segment are presented in the following tables.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, 2020
|
Specialty
|
|
Commercial
|
|
International
|
|
Life &
Group
|
|
Corporate
& Other
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eliminations
|
|
Total
|
Net written premiums
|
$
|
3,040
|
|
|
$
|
3,565
|
|
|
$
|
961
|
|
|
$
|
494
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
(1)
|
|
|
$
|
8,059
|
|
Operating revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net earned premiums
|
$
|
2,883
|
|
|
$
|
3,323
|
|
|
$
|
940
|
|
|
$
|
504
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
(1)
|
|
|
$
|
7,649
|
|
Net investment income
|
449
|
|
|
565
|
|
|
58
|
|
|
851
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,935
|
|
Non-insurance warranty revenue
|
1,252
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,252
|
|
Other revenues
|
1
|
|
|
25
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
(5)
|
|
|
26
|
|
Total operating revenues
|
4,585
|
|
|
3,913
|
|
|
998
|
|
|
1,355
|
|
|
17
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
|
10,862
|
|
Claims, benefits and expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net incurred claims and benefits
|
1,792
|
|
|
2,436
|
|
|
629
|
|
|
1,286
|
|
|
6
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
6,149
|
|
Policyholders’ dividends
|
3
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
21
|
|
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs
|
621
|
|
|
592
|
|
|
197
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,410
|
|
Non-insurance warranty expense
|
1,159
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,159
|
|
Other insurance related expenses
|
280
|
|
|
505
|
|
|
136
|
|
|
109
|
|
|
(1)
|
|
|
(1)
|
|
|
1,028
|
|
Other expenses
|
50
|
|
|
34
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
141
|
|
|
(5)
|
|
|
220
|
|
Total claims, benefits and expenses
|
3,905
|
|
|
3,585
|
|
|
955
|
|
|
1,402
|
|
|
146
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
|
9,987
|
|
Core income (loss) before income tax
|
680
|
|
|
328
|
|
|
43
|
|
|
(47)
|
|
|
(129)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
875
|
|
Income tax (expense) benefit on core income (loss)
|
(145)
|
|
|
(67)
|
|
|
(5)
|
|
|
56
|
|
|
21
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(140)
|
|
Core income (loss)
|
$
|
535
|
|
|
$
|
261
|
|
|
$
|
38
|
|
|
$
|
9
|
|
|
$
|
(108)
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
735
|
|
Net investment gains (losses)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(54)
|
|
Income tax (expense) benefit on net investment gains (losses)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9
|
|
Net investment gains (losses), after tax
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(45)
|
|
Net income (loss)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
690
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reinsurance receivables
|
$
|
886
|
|
|
$
|
922
|
|
|
$
|
302
|
|
|
$
|
390
|
|
|
$
|
1,978
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
4,478
|
|
Insurance receivables
|
1,052
|
|
|
1,254
|
|
|
328
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
2,640
|
|
Deferred acquisition costs
|
330
|
|
|
281
|
|
|
97
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
708
|
|
Goodwill
|
117
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
31
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
148
|
|
Deferred non-insurance warranty acquisition expense
|
3,068
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
3,068
|
|
Insurance reserves
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claim and claim adjustment expenses
|
5,748
|
|
|
9,041
|
|
|
2,091
|
|
|
3,743
|
|
|
2,083
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
22,706
|
|
Unearned premiums
|
2,635
|
|
|
1,824
|
|
|
546
|
|
|
114
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
5,119
|
|
Future policy benefits
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
13,318
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
13,318
|
|
Deferred non-insurance warranty revenue
|
4,023
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
4,023
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, 2019
|
Specialty
|
|
Commercial
|
|
International
|
|
Life &
Group
|
|
Corporate
& Other
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
|
|
Eliminations
|
|
Total
|
Net written premiums
|
$
|
2,848
|
|
|
$
|
3,315
|
|
|
$
|
971
|
|
|
$
|
523
|
|
|
$
|
1
|
|
|
$
|
(2)
|
|
|
$
|
7,656
|
|
Operating revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net earned premiums
|
$
|
2,773
|
|
|
$
|
3,162
|
|
|
$
|
974
|
|
|
$
|
520
|
|
|
$
|
1
|
|
|
$
|
(2)
|
|
|
$
|
7,428
|
|
Net investment income
|
556
|
|
|
654
|
|
|
63
|
|
|
820
|
|
|
25
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
2,118
|
|
Non-insurance warranty revenue
|
1,161
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,161
|
|
Other revenues
|
1
|
|
|
29
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
6
|
|
|
(5)
|
|
|
31
|
|
Total operating revenues
|
4,491
|
|
|
3,845
|
|
|
1,037
|
|
|
1,340
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
|
10,738
|
|
Claims, benefits and expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net incurred claims and benefits
|
1,595
|
|
|
2,130
|
|
|
624
|
|
|
1,416
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
5,783
|
|
Policyholders’ dividends
|
5
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
23
|
|
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs
|
610
|
|
|
537
|
|
|
236
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,383
|
|
Non-insurance warranty expense
|
1,082
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,082
|
|
Other insurance related expenses
|
292
|
|
|
505
|
|
|
130
|
|
|
115
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
1,038
|
|
Other expenses
|
48
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
144
|
|
|
(5)
|
|
|
235
|
|
Total claims, benefits and expenses
|
3,632
|
|
|
3,222
|
|
|
998
|
|
|
1,539
|
|
|
160
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
|
9,544
|
|
Core income (loss) before income tax
|
859
|
|
|
623
|
|
|
39
|
|
|
(199)
|
|
|
(128)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,194
|
|
Income tax (expense) benefit on core income (loss)
|
(188)
|
|
|
(134)
|
|
|
(9)
|
|
|
90
|
|
|
26
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(215)
|
|
Core income (loss)
|
$
|
671
|
|
|
$
|
489
|
|
|
$
|
30
|
|
|
$
|
(109)
|
|
|
$
|
(102)
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
979
|
|
Net investment gains (losses)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
29
|
|
Income tax (expense) benefit on net investment gains (losses)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(8)
|
|
Net investment gains (losses), after tax
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
21
|
|
Net income (loss)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
1,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reinsurance receivables
|
$
|
575
|
|
|
$
|
855
|
|
|
$
|
247
|
|
|
$
|
385
|
|
|
$
|
2,142
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
4,204
|
|
Insurance receivables
|
971
|
|
|
1,210
|
|
|
284
|
|
|
16
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
2,481
|
|
Deferred acquisition costs
|
311
|
|
|
257
|
|
|
94
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
662
|
|
Goodwill
|
117
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
30
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
147
|
|
Deferred non-insurance warranty acquisition expense
|
2,840
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
2,840
|
|
Insurance reserves
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claim and claim adjustment expenses
|
5,238
|
|
|
8,656
|
|
|
1,876
|
|
|
3,716
|
|
|
2,234
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
21,720
|
|
Unearned premiums
|
2,337
|
|
|
1,626
|
|
|
495
|
|
|
125
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
4,583
|
|
Future policy benefits
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
12,311
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
12,311
|
|
Deferred non-insurance warranty revenue
|
3,779
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
3,779
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, 2018
|
Specialty
|
|
Commercial
|
|
|
|
Life &
Group
|
|
Corporate
& Other
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
International
|
|
|
|
Eliminations
|
|
Total
|
Net written premiums
|
$
|
2,744
|
|
|
$
|
3,060
|
|
|
$
|
1,018
|
|
|
$
|
524
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
(1)
|
|
|
$
|
7,345
|
|
Operating revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net earned premiums
|
$
|
2,732
|
|
|
$
|
3,050
|
|
|
$
|
1,001
|
|
|
$
|
530
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
(1)
|
|
|
$
|
7,312
|
|
Net investment income
|
439
|
|
|
500
|
|
|
57
|
|
|
801
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,817
|
|
Non-insurance warranty revenue
|
1,007
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,007
|
|
Other revenues
|
2
|
|
|
28
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
50
|
|
Total operating revenues
|
4,180
|
|
|
3,578
|
|
|
1,059
|
|
|
1,333
|
|
|
39
|
|
|
(3)
|
|
|
10,186
|
|
Claims, benefits and expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net incurred claims and benefits
|
1,526
|
|
|
2,053
|
|
|
699
|
|
|
1,218
|
|
|
51
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
5,547
|
|
Policyholders’ dividends
|
5
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
25
|
|
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs
|
599
|
|
|
505
|
|
|
231
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,335
|
|
Non-insurance warranty expense
|
923
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
923
|
|
Other insurance related expenses
|
279
|
|
|
505
|
|
|
135
|
|
|
122
|
|
|
(1)
|
|
|
(1)
|
|
|
1,039
|
|
Other expenses
|
46
|
|
|
43
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
193
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
301
|
|
Total claims, benefits and expenses
|
3,378
|
|
|
3,126
|
|
|
1,079
|
|
|
1,347
|
|
|
243
|
|
|
(3)
|
|
|
9,170
|
|
Core income (loss) before income tax
|
802
|
|
|
452
|
|
|
(20)
|
|
|
(14)
|
|
|
(204)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,016
|
|
Income tax (expense) benefit on core income (loss)
|
(173)
|
|
|
(95)
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
57
|
|
|
39
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(171)
|
|
Core income (loss)
|
$
|
629
|
|
|
$
|
357
|
|
|
$
|
(19)
|
|
|
$
|
43
|
|
|
$
|
(165)
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
845
|
|
Net investment gains (losses)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(52)
|
|
Income tax (expense) benefit on net investment gains (losses)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14
|
|
Net investment gains (losses), after tax
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(38)
|
|
Net deferred tax asset remeasurement
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6
|
|
Net income (loss)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
813
|
|
The following table presents operating revenues by line of business for each reportable segment.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years ended December 31
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Specialty
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management & Professional Liability
|
$
|
2,577
|
|
|
$
|
2,572
|
|
|
$
|
2,440
|
|
Surety
|
596
|
|
|
596
|
|
|
571
|
|
Warranty & Alternative Risks
|
1,412
|
|
|
1,323
|
|
|
1,169
|
|
Specialty revenues
|
4,585
|
|
|
4,491
|
|
|
4,180
|
|
Commercial
|
|
|
|
|
|
Middle Market
|
1,447
|
|
|
1,439
|
|
|
1,306
|
|
Construction(1)
|
1,120
|
|
|
1,043
|
|
|
955
|
|
Small Business
|
482
|
|
|
504
|
|
|
501
|
|
Other Commercial
|
864
|
|
|
859
|
|
|
816
|
|
Commercial revenues
|
3,913
|
|
|
3,845
|
|
|
3,578
|
|
International
|
|
|
|
|
|
Canada
|
291
|
|
|
277
|
|
|
255
|
|
Europe
|
389
|
|
|
363
|
|
|
363
|
|
Hardy
|
318
|
|
|
397
|
|
|
441
|
|
International revenues
|
998
|
|
|
1,037
|
|
|
1,059
|
|
Life & Group revenues
|
1,355
|
|
|
1,340
|
|
|
1,333
|
|
Corporate & Other revenues
|
17
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
39
|
|
Eliminations
|
(6)
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
|
(3)
|
|
Total operating revenues
|
10,862
|
|
|
10,738
|
|
|
10,186
|
|
Net investment gains (losses)
|
(54)
|
|
|
29
|
|
|
(52)
|
|
Total revenues
|
$
|
10,808
|
|
|
$
|
10,767
|
|
|
$
|
10,134
|
|
(1) Effective January 1, 2020, the Construction line of business is presented separately in the Commercial segment to better align with the Company's underwriting expertise and the manner in which the products are sold. Prior period information has been conformed to the new line of business presentation.
Note P. Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)
The following tables present unaudited quarterly financial data.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions, except per share data)
|
First
|
|
Second
|
|
Third
|
|
Fourth
|
|
Full Year
|
Revenues
|
$
|
2,291
|
|
|
$
|
2,766
|
|
|
$
|
2,820
|
|
|
$
|
2,931
|
|
|
$
|
10,808
|
|
Net income (loss) (1)(2)(3)
|
(61)
|
|
|
151
|
|
|
213
|
|
|
387
|
|
|
690
|
|
Basic earnings (loss) per share (5)
|
(0.23)
|
|
|
0.56
|
|
|
0.79
|
|
|
1.42
|
|
|
2.54
|
|
Diluted earnings (loss) per share (5)
|
$
|
(0.23)
|
|
|
$
|
0.55
|
|
|
$
|
0.79
|
|
|
$
|
1.42
|
|
|
$
|
2.53
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions, except per share data)
|
First
|
|
Second
|
|
Third
|
|
Fourth
|
|
Full Year
|
Revenues
|
$
|
2,695
|
|
|
$
|
2,610
|
|
|
$
|
2,685
|
|
|
$
|
2,777
|
|
|
$
|
10,767
|
|
Net income (loss) (4)
|
342
|
|
|
278
|
|
|
107
|
|
|
273
|
|
|
1,000
|
|
Basic earnings (loss) per share (5)
|
1.26
|
|
|
1.03
|
|
|
0.39
|
|
|
1.00
|
|
|
3.68
|
|
Diluted earnings (loss) per share (5)
|
$
|
1.25
|
|
|
$
|
1.02
|
|
|
$
|
0.39
|
|
|
$
|
1.00
|
|
|
$
|
3.67
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(1) Net income (loss) in the first quarter of 2020 included pretax net investment losses of $216 million and a pretax loss on limited partnership and common stock investments of $125 million.
(2) Net income (loss) in the second quarter of 2020 included pretax net catastrophe losses of $301 million, including $182 million related to the COVID-19 pandemic.
(3) Net income (loss) in the third quarter of 2020 included pretax net catastrophe losses of $160 million and a $74 million pretax charge related to recognition of an active life reserve premium deficiency as a result of the third quarter 2020 GPV. Catastrophe losses were driven by severe weather related events, primarily Hurricanes Laura, Isaias and Sally, and the Midwest derecho.
(4) Net income (loss) in the third quarter of 2019 included a $216 million pretax charge related to recognition of an active life reserve premium deficiency as a result of the third quarter 2019 GPV.
(5) Earnings (loss) per share (EPS) in each quarter is computed using the weighted average number of shares outstanding during that quarter, while EPS for the full year is computed using the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year. Thus, the sum of the four quarters EPS may not equal the full year EPS.
Note Q. Related Party Transactions
The Company reimburses Loews for, or pays directly, fees and expenses of investment facilities and services provided to the Company. Additionally, the Company provides investment-related processing services to Loews and charges Loews for these services. The net amounts incurred by the Company for these fees, expenses and services were $47 million, $44 million and $43 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018. Net amounts due to Loews related to these services, included in Other liabilities and payable in the first quarter of the subsequent year, were $22 million and $21 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. In addition, the Company reimbursed Loews for general corporate services and related travel expenses of less than $1 million and $1 million for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019. The CNA Tax Group is included in the consolidated federal income tax return of Loews and its eligible subsidiaries. The related payable due to Loews, included in Other liabilities, was $67 million as of December 31, 2020. The related receivable from Loews, included in Other assets, was $21 million as of December 31, 2019. For a detailed description of the income tax agreement with Loews see Note D to the Consolidated Financial Statements. In addition, the Company writes, at standard rates, a limited amount of insurance for Loews and its subsidiaries. The earned premiums for each of the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 were $2 million.
Note R. Non-Insurance Revenues from Contracts with Customers
Non-Insurance revenue is recognized when obligations under the terms of a contract with a customer are satisfied; generally this occurs over time as obligations are fulfilled. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for providing services.
Deferred Non-Insurance Warranty Revenue
The Company had deferred non-insurance warranty revenue balances of $4.0 billion and $3.8 billion reported in Deferred non-insurance warranty revenue as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. The increase in the deferred revenue balance for the year ended December 31, 2020 was primarily driven by deferrals outpacing revenue recognized in the period due to growth in the business. For the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company recognized $1.1 billion of revenues that were included in the deferred revenue balance as of January 1, 2020. For the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company recognized $971 million of revenues that were included in the deferred revenue balance as of January 1, 2019. For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, Non-insurance warranty revenue recognized from performance obligations related to prior periods due to a change in estimate was not material. The Company expects to recognize approximately $1.2 billion of the deferred revenue in 2021, $0.9 billion in 2022, $0.8 billion in 2023 and $1.2 billion thereafter.
Cost to Obtain and Fulfill Non-Insurance Warranty Contracts with Customers
For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, capitalized commission costs were $3.1 billion and $2.8 billion and capitalized administrator service costs were $37 million and $31 million. For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the amount of amortization of capitalized costs was $897 million and $813 million and there were no impairment losses related to the costs capitalized. There were no adjustments to deferred costs recorded for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.
Note S. Subsequent Event
On December 30, 2020, the Company entered into an agreement with Cavello Bay Reinsurance Limited (Cavello), a subsidiary of Enstar Group Limited, under which Cavello will reinsure a legacy portfolio of excess workers’ compensation policies. The transaction closed on February 5, 2021. Under the terms of the transaction, based on reserves in place as of January 1, 2020, and adjusted for any subsequent claim activity, the Company ceded to Cavello approximately $690 million of net excess workers’ compensation liabilities relating to business written in 2007 and prior under a retroactive reinsurance agreement with an aggregate limit of $1 billion. The Company will recognize an after-tax loss of approximately $12 million in the first quarter of 2021.