Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
EMERSON ELECTRIC CO. & SUBSIDIARIES
Years ended September 30
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts or where noted)
(1) SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Financial Statement Presentation
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts and related disclosures. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform with current year presentation.
On October 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASC 842, Leases, which requires rights and obligations related to lease arrangements to be recognized on the balance sheet, using the optional transition method under which prior periods were not adjusted. The Company elected the package of practical expedients for leases that commenced prior to the adoption date, which included carrying forward the historical lease classification as operating or finance. The adoption of ASC 842 resulted in the recognition of operating lease right-of-use assets and related lease liabilities of approximately $500 as of October 1, 2019, but did not materially impact the Company's earnings or cash flows for the year ended September 30, 2020. The Company's financial statements for 2018 and 2019 continue to be reported in accordance with the Company's historical accounting under ASC 840, Leases.
On October 1, 2019, the Company adopted updates to ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, which permit hedging certain contractually specified risk components. Additionally, the updates eliminate the requirement to separately measure and report hedge ineffectiveness and simplify hedge documentation and effectiveness assessment requirements. These updates were adopted using a modified retrospective approach and were immaterial to the Company's financial statements for the year ended September 30, 2020.
On October 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which updated and consolidated revenue recognition guidance from multiple sources into a single, comprehensive standard to be applied for all contracts with customers. The fundamental principle of the revised standard is to recognize revenue based on the transfer of goods and services to customers at the amount the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods and services. The Company adopted the new standard using the modified retrospective approach and applied the guidance to open contracts which were not completed at the date of adoption. The cumulative effect of adoption resulted in a $30 increase to beginning retained earnings as of October 1, 2018. This increase primarily related to contracts where a portion of revenue for delivered goods or services was previously deferred due to contingent payment terms. The adoption of ASC 606 did not materially impact the Company's consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended September 30, 2019. Amounts reported for the year ended September 30, 2018 continue to be reported in accordance with the Company's historical accounting under ASC 605, Revenue Recognition.
In the first quarter of fiscal 2019, the Company adopted updates to ASC 715, Compensation - Retirement Benefits, which permit only the service cost component of net periodic pension and postretirement expense to be reported with compensation costs, while all other components are required to be reported separately in other deductions. These updates were adopted retrospectively and resulted in the reclassification of $40 of income in 2018 from cost of sales and SG&A to other deductions, net. Segment earnings were not impacted by the updates to ASC 715.
In the fourth quarter of 2018, the Company adopted updates to ASC 220, Comprehensive Income, which permit reclassification of stranded tax effects resulting from U.S. tax reform from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings. The Company reclassified $100 of stranded tax effects from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings upon adoption of these updates. See Note 17.
In the first quarter of 2018, the Company adopted updates to ASC 740, Income Taxes, which require recognition of the income tax effects of intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory when the transfer occurs, on a modified retrospective basis. The adoption of these updates resulted in an increase of $3 to retained earnings.
In the first quarter of 2018, the Company adopted updates to ASC 330, Inventory, which changed the measurement principle for inventory from the lower of cost or market to the lower of cost and net realizable value. These updates were adopted prospectively and did not materially impact the Company's financial statements.
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its controlled affiliates. Intercompany transactions, profits and balances are eliminated in consolidation. Investments of 20 percent to 50 percent of the voting shares of other entities are accounted for by the equity method. Investments in publicly traded companies of less than 20 percent are carried at fair value, with changes in fair value reflected in accumulated other comprehensive income. Investments in nonpublicly traded companies of less than 20 percent are carried at cost, minus impairment, and adjusted for observable price changes in orderly transactions.
Foreign Currency Translation
The functional currency for most of the Company's non-U.S. subsidiaries is the local currency. Adjustments resulting from translating local currency financial statements into U.S. dollars are reflected in accumulated other comprehensive income.
Cash Equivalents
Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value. The majority of inventory is valued based on standard costs, which approximate average costs, while the remainder is principally valued on a first-in, first-out basis. Cost standards are revised at the beginning of each year. The annual effect of resetting standards plus any operating variances incurred during each period are allocated to inventories and recognized in cost of sales as product is sold. Following are the components of inventory as of September 30:
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2019
|
|
|
2020
|
|
Finished products
|
|
$
|
578
|
|
|
584
|
|
Raw materials and work in process
|
|
1,302
|
|
|
1,344
|
|
Total inventories
|
|
$
|
1,880
|
|
|
1,928
|
|
Fair Value Measurement
ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, establishes a formal hierarchy and framework for measuring certain financial statement items at fair value, and requires disclosures about fair value measurements and the reliability of valuation inputs. Under ASC 820, measurement assumes the transaction to sell an asset or transfer a liability occurs in the principal or at least the most advantageous market for that asset or liability. Within the hierarchy, Level 1 instruments use observable market prices for an identical item in active markets and have the most reliable valuations. Level 2 instruments are valued through broker/dealer quotation or other approaches using market-observable inputs for similar items in active markets, including forward and spot prices, interest rates and volatilities. Level 3 instruments are valued using inputs not observable in an active market, such as company-developed future cash flow estimates, and are considered the least reliable. Valuations for all of the Company's financial instruments fall within Level 2. The fair value of the Company's long-term debt is Level 2, estimated using current interest rates and pricing from financial institutions and other market sources for debt with similar maturities and characteristics.
Property, Plant and Equipment
The Company records investments in land, buildings, and machinery and equipment at cost. Depreciation is computed principally using the straight-line method over estimated service lives, which for principal assets are 30 to 40 years for buildings and 8 to 12 years for machinery and equipment. Long-lived tangible assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate the carrying value of the assets may not be recoverable. Impairment losses are recognized based on estimated fair values if the sum of estimated future undiscounted cash flows of the related assets is less than the carrying values.
The components of property, plant and equipment as of September 30 follow:
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2019
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2020
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|
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|
Land
|
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$
|
336
|
|
|
350
|
|
|
|
Buildings
|
|
2,219
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|
|
2,335
|
|
|
|
Machinery and equipment
|
|
5,645
|
|
|
5,907
|
|
|
|
Construction in progress
|
|
471
|
|
|
463
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|
|
|
Property, plant and equipment, at cost
|
|
8,671
|
|
|
9,055
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|
|
|
Less: Accumulated depreciation
|
|
5,029
|
|
|
5,367
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|
|
|
Property, plant and equipment, net
|
|
$
|
3,642
|
|
|
3,688
|
|
|
|
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Assets and liabilities acquired in business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition method and recorded at their respective fair values. Substantially all goodwill is assigned to the reporting unit that acquires a business. A reporting unit is an operating segment as defined in ASC 280, Segment Reporting, or a business one level below an operating segment if discrete financial information for that business unit is prepared and regularly reviewed by the segment manager. The Company conducts annual impairment tests of goodwill in the fourth quarter. If an initial assessment indicates it is more likely than not goodwill might be impaired, it is evaluated by comparing the reporting unit's estimated fair value to its carrying value. Goodwill is also tested for impairment between annual tests if events or circumstances indicate the fair value of a unit may be less than its carrying value. If the carrying amount exceeds the estimated fair value, impairment is recognized to the extent that recorded goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill. Estimated fair values of reporting units are Level 3 measures and are developed generally under an income approach that discounts estimated future cash flows using risk-adjusted interest rates, as well as earnings multiples or other techniques as warranted. Fair values are subject to changes in underlying economic conditions.
All of the Company's identifiable intangible assets are subject to amortization on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. Identifiable intangibles consist of intellectual property such as patents and trademarks, customer relationships and capitalized software. Identifiable intangibles are also subject to evaluation for potential impairment if events or circumstances indicate the carrying amount may not be recoverable. See Note 8.
Leases
The Company leases offices; manufacturing facilities and equipment; and transportation, information technology and office equipment under operating lease arrangements. Finance lease arrangements are immaterial. The Company determines whether an arrangement is, or contains, a lease at contract inception. An arrangement contains a lease if the Company has the right to direct the use of and obtain substantially all of the economic benefits of an identified asset. Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at lease commencement based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recognized on the balance sheet and are recorded as short-term lease expense. The discount rate used to calculate present value is the Company's incremental borrowing rate based on the lease term and the economic environment of the applicable country or region.
Certain leases contain renewal options or options to terminate prior to lease expiration, which are included in the measurement of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities when it is reasonably certain they will be exercised. The Company has elected to account for lease and non-lease components as a single lease component for its offices and manufacturing facilities. Some lease arrangements include payments that are adjusted periodically based on actual charges incurred for common area maintenance, utilities, taxes and insurance, or changes in an index or rate referenced in the lease. The fixed portion of these payments is included in the measurement of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities at lease commencement, while the variable portion is recorded as variable lease expense. The Company's leases typically do not contain material residual value guarantees or restrictive covenants.
Product Warranty
Warranties vary by product line and are competitive for the markets in which the Company operates. Warranties are largely offered to provide assurance that the product will function as intended and generally extend for a period of one to two years from the date of sale or installation. Provisions for warranty expense are estimated at the time of sale based on historical experience and adjusted quarterly for any known issues that may arise. Product warranty expense is less than one percent of sales.
Revenue Recognition
Emerson is a global manufacturer that designs and manufactures products and delivers services that bring technology and engineering together to provide innovative solutions for its customers, largely in the form of tangible products. The Company evaluates its contracts with customers to identify the promised goods or services and recognizes revenue for the identified performance obligations at the amount the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to a customer. Revenue is recognized when, or as, performance obligations are satisfied and control has transferred to the customer, typically when products are shipped or delivered, title and risk of loss pass to the customer, and the Company has a present right to payment. The vast majority of the Company's revenues relate to a broad offering of manufactured products which are recognized at the point in time when control transfers, generally in accordance with shipping terms. A portion of the Company's revenues relate to the sale of software and post-contract customer support, parts and labor for repairs, and engineering services. In limited circumstances, contracts include multiple performance obligations, where revenue is recognized separately for each good or service, as well as contracts where revenue is recognized over time as control transfers to the customer.
Revenue is recognized over time for approximately 5 percent of the Company's revenues. These contracts largely relate to projects in the Process Control Systems & Solutions product offering within the Automation Solutions segment where revenue is recognized using the percentage-of-completion method to reflect the transfer of control over time, while a small amount is attributable to long-term maintenance and service contracts where revenue is typically recognized on a straight-line basis as the services are provided. Approximately 5 percent of revenues relate to sales arrangements with multiple performance obligations, principally in the Automation Solutions segment. Tangible products represent a large majority of the delivered items in contracts with multiple performance obligations or where revenue is recognized over time, while a smaller portion is attributable to installation, service and maintenance.
For revenues recognized over time, the Company typically uses an input method to determine progress and recognize revenue, based on costs incurred. The Company believes costs incurred closely correspond with its performance under the contract and the transfer of control to the customer.
In sales arrangements that involve multiple performance obligations, revenue is allocated based on the relative standalone selling price for each performance obligation. Observable selling prices from actual transactions are used whenever possible. In other instances, the Company determines the standalone selling price based on third-party pricing or management's best estimate. Generally, contract duration is short-term, and cancellation, termination or refund provisions apply only in the event of contract breach and are rarely invoked.
Payment terms vary but are generally short-term in nature. The Company's long-term contracts, where revenue is generally recognized over time, are typically billed as work progresses in accordance with the contract terms and conditions, either at periodic intervals or upon achievement of certain milestones. The timing of revenue recognition and billings under these contracts results in either unbilled receivables (contract assets) when revenue recognized exceeds billings, or customer advances (contract liabilities) when billings exceed revenue recognized. Unbilled receivables are reclassified to accounts receivable when an unconditional right to consideration exists, typically when a milestone in the contract is achieved. The Company does not evaluate whether the transaction price includes a significant financing component for contracts where the time between cash collection and performance is less than one year.
Certain arrangements with customers include variable consideration, typically in the form of rebates, cash discounts or penalties. In limited circumstances, the Company sells products with a general right of return. In most instances, returns are limited to product quality issues. The Company records a reduction to revenue at the time of sale to reflect the ultimate amount of consideration it expects to receive. The Company's estimates are updated quarterly based on historical experience, trend analysis, and expected market conditions. Variable consideration is typically not constrained at the time revenue is recognized. See Notes 2 and 18 for additional information about the Company's revenues.
Derivatives and Hedging
In the normal course of business, the Company is exposed to changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and commodity prices due to its worldwide presence and diverse business profile. The Company's foreign currency exposures relate to transactions denominated in currencies that differ from the functional currencies of its business units, primarily in euros and Mexican pesos. Primary commodity exposures are price fluctuations on
forecasted purchases of copper and aluminum and related products. As part of the Company's risk management strategy, derivative instruments are selectively used in an effort to minimize the impact of these exposures. Foreign exchange forwards and options are utilized to hedge foreign currency exposures impacting sales or cost of sales transactions, firm commitments and the fair value of assets and liabilities, while swap and option contracts may be used to minimize the effect of commodity price fluctuations on the cost of sales. Non-U.S. dollar obligations are utilized to reduce foreign currency risk associated with the Company's net investments in foreign operations. All derivatives are associated with specific underlying exposures and the Company does not hold derivatives for trading or speculative purposes. The duration of hedge positions is generally two years or less, except for the Company's net investment hedges.
All derivatives are accounted for under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and recognized at fair value. For derivatives hedging variability in future cash flows, any gain or loss is deferred in stockholders' equity and recognized when the underlying hedged transaction impacts earnings. The majority of the Company's derivatives that are designated as hedges and qualify for hedge accounting are cash flow hedges. For derivatives hedging the fair value of existing assets or liabilities, both the gain or loss on the derivative and the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item are recognized in earnings each period. Currency fluctuations on non-U.S. dollar obligations that have been designated as hedges of net investments in foreign operations are recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and reclassified to income in the same period when a foreign operation is sold or substantially liquidated and the gain or loss related to the sale is included in income. To the extent that any hedge is not fully effective at offsetting changes in the underlying hedged item, there could be a net earnings impact. The Company also uses derivatives to hedge economic exposures that do not receive hedge accounting under ASC 815. The underlying exposures for these hedges relate primarily to purchases of commodity-based components used in the Company's manufacturing processes, and the revaluation of certain foreign-currency-denominated assets and liabilities. Gains or losses on derivative instruments not designated as hedges are recognized in the income statement immediately.
Counterparties to derivative arrangements are companies with high credit ratings, and the Company has bilateral collateral arrangements with them for which credit rating-based posting thresholds vary depending on the arrangement. If credit ratings on the Company's debt fall below preestablished levels, counterparties can require immediate full collateralization on all instruments in net liability positions. No collateral was posted with counterparties and none was held by the Company at year end. If contractual thresholds had been exceeded, the maximum collateral the Company could have been required to post was immaterial. The Company can also demand full collateralization of instruments in net asset positions should any of the Company's counterparties' credit ratings fall below certain thresholds. Risk from credit loss when derivatives are in asset positions is not considered material. The Company has master netting arrangements in place with its counterparties that allow the offsetting of certain derivative-related amounts receivable and payable when settlement occurs in the same period. Accordingly, counterparty balances are netted in the consolidated balance sheet and are reported in other current assets or accrued expenses as appropriate, depending on positions with counterparties as of the balance sheet date. See Note 9.
Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes is based on pretax income reported in the consolidated statements of earnings and tax rates currently enacted in each jurisdiction. Certain income and expense items are recognized in different time periods for financial reporting and income tax filing purposes, and deferred income taxes are provided for the effect of temporary differences. The Company also provides for withholding taxes and any applicable U.S. income taxes on earnings intended to be repatriated from non-U.S. locations. No provision has been made for these taxes on approximately $4.6 billion of undistributed earnings of non-U.S. subsidiaries as of September 30, 2020, as these earnings are considered indefinitely invested or otherwise retained for continuing international operations. Recognition of withholding taxes and any applicable U.S. income taxes on undistributed non-U.S. earnings would be triggered by a management decision to repatriate those earnings. Determination of the amount of taxes that might be paid on these undistributed earnings if eventually remitted is not practicable. See Note 14.
(2) REVENUE RECOGNITION
The following table summarizes the balances of the Company's unbilled receivables (contract assets), which are reported in Other current assets, and its customer advances (contract liabilities), which are reported in Accrued expenses.
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2019
|
|
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2020
|
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Unbilled receivables (contract assets)
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$
|
456
|
|
|
458
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|
Customer advances (contract liabilities)
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|
(519)
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|
|
(583)
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|
Net contract liabilities
|
|
$
|
(63)
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|
|
(125)
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|
The majority of the Company's contract balances relate to arrangements where revenue is recognized over time and payments from customers are made according to a contractual billing schedule. The increase in net contract liabilities was due to customer billings which exceeded revenue recognized for performance completed during the period. Revenue recognized for 2020 included approximately $420 that was included in the beginning contract liability balance. Other factors that impacted the change in net contract liabilities were immaterial.
Revenue recognized for 2020 for performance obligations that were fully satisfied in previous periods, including cumulative catchup adjustments on the Company's long-term contracts, was not material. Capitalized amounts related to incremental costs to obtain customer contracts and costs to fulfill contracts are immaterial.
As of September 30, 2020, the Company's backlog relating to unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) performance obligations in contracts with its customers was approximately $5.3 billion. The Company expects to recognize approximately 85 percent of its remaining performance obligations as revenue over the next 12 months, with the remainder substantially over the subsequent two years thereafter.
See Note 18 for additional information about the Company's revenues.
(3) WEIGHTED-AVERAGE COMMON SHARES
Basic earnings per common share consider only the weighted-average of common shares outstanding while diluted earnings per common share also consider the dilutive effects of stock options and incentive shares. An inconsequential number of shares of common stock were excluded from the computation of dilutive earnings per share in 2020, 2019 and 2018 as the effect would have been antidilutive. Earnings allocated to participating securities were inconsequential for all years presented.
Reconciliations of weighted-average shares for basic and diluted earnings per common share follow (shares in millions):
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2018
|
|
|
2019
|
|
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2020
|
|
Basic shares outstanding
|
632.0
|
|
|
616.2
|
|
|
602.9
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|
Dilutive shares
|
3.3
|
|
|
4.4
|
|
|
3.7
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|
Diluted shares outstanding
|
635.3
|
|
|
620.6
|
|
|
606.6
|
|
(4) ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES
On October 1, 2020, the Company completed the acquisition of Open Systems International, Inc., a leading operations technology software provider in the global power industry, for approximately $1.6 billion, net of cash acquired. This business, which has annual sales of approximately $170 will be reported in the Automation Solutions segment. Based upon preliminary estimates, the Company expects to recognize goodwill of approximately $1,000 (none of which is expected to be tax deductible), identifiable intangible assets of approximately $800, primarily intellectual property and customer relationships with a weighted-average useful life of approximately 11 years, and deferred tax liabilities of approximately $180.
In 2020, the Company acquired three businesses, two in the Automation Solutions segment and one in the Climate Technologies segment, for $126, net of cash acquired. Valuations of certain acquired assets and liabilities are in-process and subject to refinement.
The Company acquired eight businesses in 2019, all in the Automation Solutions segment, for $469, net of cash acquired. These eight businesses had combined annual sales of approximately $300. The Company recognized goodwill of $209 ($155 of which is expected to be tax deductible) and other identifiable intangible assets of $158, primarily customer relationships and intellectual property with a weighted-average useful life of approximately nine years.
On July 17, 2018, the Company completed the acquisition of Aventics, a global provider of smart pneumatics technologies that power machine and factory automation applications, for $622, net of cash acquired. This business, which has annual sales of approximately $425, is reported in the Industrial Solutions product offering in the Automation Solutions segment. The Company recognized goodwill of $372 ($20 of which is expected to be tax deductible), and identifiable intangible assets of $278, primarily intellectual property and customer relationships with a weighted-average useful life of approximately 12 years.
On July 2, 2018, the Company completed the acquisition of Textron's tools and test equipment business for $810, net of cash acquired. This business, with annual sales of approximately $470, is a manufacturer of electrical and utility tools, diagnostics, and test and measurement instruments, and is reported in the Tools & Home products segment. The Company recognized goodwill of $366 ($11 of which is expected to be tax deductible), and identifiable intangible assets of $358, primarily intellectual property and customer relationships with a weighted-average useful life of approximately 14 years.
On December 1, 2017, the Company acquired Paradigm, a provider of software solutions for the oil and gas industry, for $505, net of cash acquired. This business had annual sales of approximately $140 and is included in the Measurement & Analytical Instrumentation product offering within Automation Solutions. The Company recognized goodwill of $309 ($170 of which is expected to be tax deductible), and identifiable intangible assets of $238, primarily intellectual property and customer relationships with a weighted-average useful life of approximately 11 years.
During 2018, the Company also acquired four smaller businesses, two in the Automation Solutions segment and two in the Climate Technologies segment.
Total cash paid for all businesses for the fiscal year ended 2018 was $2.2 billion, net of cash acquired. The purchase price of the 2018 acquisitions was allocated to assets and liabilities as follows.
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|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts receivable
|
|
$
|
153
|
|
Inventory
|
|
187
|
|
Property, plant and equipment
|
|
140
|
|
Goodwill
|
|
1,176
|
|
Intangibles
|
|
1,013
|
|
Other assets
|
|
77
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets
|
|
2,746
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable
|
|
73
|
|
Other current liabilities
|
|
134
|
|
Deferred taxes and other liabilities
|
|
325
|
|
Cash paid, net of cash acquired
|
|
$
|
2,214
|
|
Results of operations for the 2018 acquisitions included sales of $365 and a net loss of $3, including intangibles amortization of $40 and restructuring expense of $3. These results also included first year pretax acquisition accounting charges related to inventory and deferred revenue of $39 and $11, respectively, which are reported in Corporate and other. See Note 18.
The results of operations of the acquired businesses discussed above have been included in the Company's consolidated results of operations since the respective dates of acquisition.
On October 2, 2017, the Company sold its residential storage business for $200 in cash, and recognized a small pretax gain and an after-tax loss of $24 ($0.04 per share) in 2018 due to income taxes resulting from nondeductible goodwill. The Company realized $150 in after-tax cash proceeds from the sale.
In 2017, the Company sold its network power systems business and retained a subordinated interest in distributions which is contingent upon the equity holders first receiving a threshold return on their initial investment. The Company has not received any distributions through the year ended September 30, 2020.
Pro Forma Financial Information (Unaudited)
Pro forma net sales, net earnings common stockholders and diluted earnings per share for 2018 were approximately $18.2 billion, $2.3 billion and $3.56 per share, respectively. These results are presented as if the 2018 acquisitions occurred on October 1, 2016 and the 2017 acquisition of the valves & controls business occurred on October 1, 2015. The pro forma information is presented for informational purposes only and is not indicative of the results of operations that would have been achieved had the acquisitions occurred as of that time.
The 2018 pro forma results exclude acquisition costs and first year acquisition accounting charges related to inventory, backlog and deferred revenue of $102. Of these charges, $73 related to businesses acquired in 2018 and $29 related to the valves & controls acquisition.
(5) OTHER DEDUCTIONS, NET
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|
Other deductions, net are summarized as follows:
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|
|
|
|
|
|
2018
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2020
|
|
Amortization of intangibles (intellectual property and customer relationships)
|
$
|
211
|
|
|
238
|
|
|
239
|
|
Restructuring costs
|
65
|
|
|
95
|
|
|
284
|
|
Special advisory fees
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
13
|
|
Other
|
61
|
|
|
(8)
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|
|
(4)
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|
Total
|
$
|
337
|
|
|
325
|
|
|
532
|
|
The increase in amortization for 2019 is due to higher intangibles amortization of $46 which largely relates to acquisitions completed in 2018, partially offset by backlog amortization of $19 incurred in 2018 related to the valves & controls acquisition. Other is composed of several items, including acquisition/divestiture costs, foreign currency transaction gains and losses, litigation, pension expense and other items. The change in 2020 was primarily due to an unfavorable impact from pensions of $48 offset by lower acquisition/divestiture and litigation costs. The decrease in 2019 is primarily due to lower acquisition/divestiture costs of $29, pension expenses of $42 and foreign currency transactions of $13.
(6) RESTRUCTURING COSTS
Each year the Company incurs costs to size its businesses to levels appropriate for current economic conditions and to continually improve its cost structure and operational efficiency, deploy assets globally, and remain competitive on a worldwide basis. Costs result from numerous individual actions implemented across the Company's various operating units on an ongoing basis and can include costs for moving facilities to best-cost locations, restarting plants after relocation or geographic expansion to better serve local markets, reducing forcecount or the number of facilities, exiting certain product lines, and other costs resulting from asset deployment decisions (such as contract termination costs, asset write-downs and vacant facility costs).
Restructuring expenses were $284, $95 and $65 for 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and included $7 and $19 related to acquisitions in 2019 and 2018. The Company expects fiscal year 2021 restructuring expense to exceed $200.
Restructuring costs by business segment follows:
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|
|
|
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|
|
2018
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2020
|
|
Automation Solutions
|
$
|
41
|
|
|
65
|
|
|
232
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Climate Technologies
|
20
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
23
|
|
Tools & Home Products
|
3
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
21
|
|
Commercial & Residential Solutions
|
23
|
|
|
27
|
|
|
44
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate
|
1
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
$
|
65
|
|
|
95
|
|
|
284
|
|
Costs incurred in 2020 relate to the Company's initiatives to improve operating margins that began in the third quarter of fiscal 2019 and were expanded in the third quarter of fiscal 2020 in response to the effects of COVID-19 on demand for the Company's products. Actions taken in 2020 included workforce reductions of approximately 5,400 positions and the exit of six production facilities worldwide. Costs incurred in 2019 and 2018 primarily relate to the deployment of resources to better serve local markets and higher growth areas, and the integration of acquisitions. Expenses incurred in 2019 and 2018 included actions to exit two and six facilities, and eliminate approximately 1,100 and 1,200 positions, respectively.
The change in the liability for restructuring costs during the years ended September 30 follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
Expense
|
|
Utilized/Paid
|
|
2020
|
|
Severance and benefits
|
$
|
62
|
|
|
|
239
|
|
|
|
|
125
|
|
|
|
176
|
|
Other
|
7
|
|
|
|
45
|
|
|
|
|
47
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
Total
|
$
|
69
|
|
|
|
284
|
|
|
|
|
172
|
|
|
|
181
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2018
|
|
|
Expense
|
|
Utilized/Paid
|
|
2019
|
|
Severance and benefits
|
$
|
46
|
|
|
|
72
|
|
|
|
|
56
|
|
|
|
62
|
|
Other
|
6
|
|
|
|
23
|
|
|
|
|
22
|
|
|
|
7
|
|
Total
|
$
|
52
|
|
|
|
95
|
|
|
|
|
78
|
|
|
|
69
|
|
The tables above do not include $20 of costs related to restructuring actions incurred for the year ended September 30, 2020 that are required to be reported in cost of sales.
(7) LEASES
The components of lease expense for the year ended September 30, 2020 were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
|
|
|
Operating lease expense
|
|
$
|
207
|
|
Variable lease expense
|
|
$
|
19
|
|
Short-term lease expense and sublease income were immaterial for the year ended September 30, 2020. Cash paid for operating leases is classified within operating cash flows and was $201 for the year ended September 30, 2020. Operating lease right-of-use asset additions were $210 for the year ended September 30, 2020.
The following table summarizes the balances of the Company's operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities as of September 30, 2020, the vast majority of which relates to offices and manufacturing facilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
Right-of-use assets (Other assets)
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
508
|
|
Current lease liabilities (Accrued expenses)
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
148
|
|
Noncurrent lease liabilities (Other liabilities)
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
373
|
|
The weighted-average remaining lease term for operating leases was 4.6 years and the weighted-average discount rate was 2.8 percent as of September 30, 2020.
Future maturities of operating lease liabilities as of September 30, 2020 are summarized below:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2021
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
159
|
|
2022
|
|
|
|
|
122
|
|
2023
|
|
|
|
|
94
|
|
2024
|
|
|
|
|
66
|
|
2025
|
|
|
|
|
39
|
|
Thereafter
|
|
|
|
|
85
|
|
Total lease payments
|
|
|
|
|
565
|
|
Less: Interest
|
|
|
|
|
44
|
|
Total lease liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
521
|
|
Lease commitments that have not yet commenced were immaterial as of September 30, 2020.
The future minimum annual rentals under noncancelable long-term leases as of September 30, 2019 were as follows: $159 in 2020, $112 in 2021, $82 in 2022, $57 in 2023, $38 in 2024 and $63 thereafter.
(8) GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLES
The change in the carrying value of goodwill by business segment follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Automation Solutions
|
|
Climate Technologies
|
|
Tools & Home Products
|
|
Commercial & Residential Solutions
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
Balance, September 30, 2018
|
$
|
5,355
|
|
|
670
|
|
|
430
|
|
|
1,100
|
|
|
6,455
|
|
Acquisitions
|
210
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
210
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign currency
translation and other
|
(98)
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
(29)
|
|
|
(31)
|
|
|
(129)
|
|
Balance, September 30, 2019
|
5,467
|
|
|
668
|
|
|
401
|
|
|
1,069
|
|
|
6,536
|
|
Acquisitions
|
23
|
|
|
59
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
59
|
|
|
82
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign currency
translation and other
|
93
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
23
|
|
|
116
|
|
Balance, September 30, 2020
|
$
|
5,583
|
|
|
730
|
|
|
421
|
|
|
1,151
|
|
|
6,734
|
|
The gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of identifiable intangible assets by major class follow:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Customer Relationships
|
|
Intellectual Property
|
|
Capitalized Software
|
|
Total
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2020
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2020
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2020
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2020
|
|
Gross carrying amount
|
$
|
1,973
|
|
|
2,059
|
|
|
1,565
|
|
|
1,628
|
|
|
1,334
|
|
|
1,419
|
|
|
4,872
|
|
|
5,106
|
|
Less: Accumulated amortization
|
582
|
|
|
731
|
|
|
650
|
|
|
773
|
|
|
1,025
|
|
|
1,134
|
|
|
2,257
|
|
|
2,638
|
|
Net carrying amount
|
$
|
1,391
|
|
|
1,328
|
|
|
915
|
|
|
855
|
|
|
309
|
|
|
285
|
|
|
2,615
|
|
|
2,468
|
|
Intangible asset amortization expense for the major classes included above for 2020, 2019 and 2018 was $369, $359 and $314, respectively. Based on intangible asset balances as of September 30, 2020, amortization expense is expected to approximate $352 in 2021, $316 in 2022, $291 in 2023, $256 in 2024 and $236 in 2025. These amounts do not include the impact of the acquisition of Open Systems International, Inc., which closed on October 1, 2020.
(9) FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Hedging Activities
As of September 30, 2020, the notional amount of foreign currency hedge positions was approximately $2.2 billion, while commodity hedge contracts totaled approximately $80 (primarily 34 million pounds of copper and aluminum). All derivatives receiving hedge accounting are cash flow hedges. The majority of hedging gains and losses deferred as of September 30, 2020 are expected to be recognized over the next 12 months as the underlying forecasted transactions occur. Gains and losses on foreign currency derivatives reported in Other deductions, net reflect hedges of balance sheet exposures that do not receive hedge accounting.
Net Investment Hedge
In fiscal 2019, the Company issued euro-denominated debt of €1.5 billion. The euro notes reduce foreign currency risk associated with the Company's international subsidiaries that use the euro as their functional currency and have been designated as a hedge of a portion of the investment in these operations. Foreign currency gains or losses associated with the euro-denominated debt are deferred in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and will remain until the hedged investment is sold or substantially liquidated.
Amounts included in earnings and other comprehensive income follow:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gain (Loss) to Earnings
|
|
Gain (Loss) to OCI
|
|
|
|
2018
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2020
|
|
|
2018
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2020
|
|
|
Location
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commodity
|
Cost of sales
|
|
$
|
13
|
|
|
(11)
|
|
|
(8)
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
|
(10)
|
|
|
10
|
|
Foreign currency
|
Sales
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
|
(5)
|
|
|
(11)
|
|
|
(8)
|
|
|
4
|
|
Foreign currency
|
Cost of sales
|
|
4
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
(25)
|
|
Foreign currency
|
Other deductions, net
|
|
(15)
|
|
|
66
|
|
|
(40)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Investment Hedge
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Euro denominated debt
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
70
|
|
|
(123)
|
|
Total
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
68
|
|
|
(49)
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
66
|
|
|
(134)
|
|
Regardless of whether derivatives and non-derivative financial instruments receive hedge accounting, the Company expects hedging gains or losses to be essentially offset by losses or gains on the related underlying exposures. The amounts ultimately recognized will differ from those presented above for open positions, which remain subject to ongoing market price fluctuations until settlement. Derivatives receiving hedge accounting are highly effective and no amounts were excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness.
Fair Value Measurement
The estimated fair value of long-term debt was $7.3 billion and $5.3 billion, respectively, as of September 30, 2020 and 2019, which exceeded the carrying value by $629 and $469, respectively. The fair values of commodity and foreign currency contracts were reported in Other current assets and Accrued expenses as summarized below:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019
|
|
2020
|
|
|
Assets
|
|
Liabilities
|
|
Assets
|
|
Liabilities
|
Commodity
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
11
|
|
|
—
|
|
Foreign currency
|
|
|
$
|
29
|
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
26
|
|
|
25
|
|
(10) SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS AND LINES OF CREDIT
Short-term borrowings and current maturities of long-term debt are as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2020
|
|
Current maturities of long-term debt
|
|
$
|
515
|
|
|
322
|
|
Commercial paper
|
|
929
|
|
|
838
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
1,444
|
|
|
1,160
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest rate for weighted-average short-term borrowings at year end
|
|
2.1%
|
|
0.1%
|
In May 2018, the Company entered into a $3.5 billion five-year revolving backup credit facility with various banks, which replaced the April 2014 $3.5 billion facility. The credit facility is maintained to support general corporate purposes, including commercial paper borrowings. The Company has not incurred any borrowings under this or previous facilities. The credit facility contains no financial covenants and is not subject to termination based on a change of credit rating or material adverse changes. The facility is unsecured and may be accessed under various interest rate and currency denomination alternatives at the Company’s option. Fees to maintain the facility are immaterial.
(11) LONG-TERM DEBT
The details of long-term debt follow:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2020
|
|
4.875% notes due October 2019
|
$
|
500
|
|
|
—
|
|
4.25% notes due November 2020
|
300
|
|
|
300
|
|
2.625% notes due December 2021
|
500
|
|
|
500
|
|
2.625% notes due February 2023
|
500
|
|
|
500
|
|
0.375% notes due May 2024
|
545
|
|
|
586
|
|
3.15% notes due June 2025
|
500
|
|
|
500
|
|
1.25% notes due October 2025
|
545
|
|
|
586
|
|
0.875% notes due October 2026
|
—
|
|
|
750
|
|
1.8% notes due October 2027
|
—
|
|
|
500
|
|
2.0% notes due October 2029
|
545
|
|
|
586
|
|
1.95% notes due October 2030
|
—
|
|
|
500
|
|
6.0% notes due August 2032
|
250
|
|
|
250
|
|
6.125% notes due April 2039
|
250
|
|
|
250
|
|
5.25% notes due November 2039
|
300
|
|
|
300
|
|
2.75% notes due October 2050
|
—
|
|
|
500
|
|
Other
|
57
|
|
|
40
|
|
Long-term debt
|
4,792
|
|
|
6,648
|
|
Less: Current maturities
|
515
|
|
|
322
|
|
Total, net
|
$
|
4,277
|
|
|
6,326
|
|
Long-term debt maturing during each of the four years after 2021 is $525, $511, $582 and $497, respectively. Total interest paid on long-term debt was approximately $163, $195 and $193 in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. During the year, the Company repaid $500 of 4.875% notes that matured in October 2019. In April 2020, the Company issued $500 of 1.8% notes due October 2027, $500 of 1.95% notes due October 2030 and $500 of 2.75% notes due October 2050. In September 2020, the Company issued $750 of 0.875% notes due October 2026.
In 2019, the Company repaid $400 of 5.25% notes that matured in October 2018 and $250 of 5.0% notes that matured in April 2019. In January 2019, the Company issued €500 of 1.25% notes due October 2025 and €500 of 2.0% notes due October 2029. In May 2019, the Company issued €500 of 0.375% notes due May 2024.
The Company maintains a universal shelf registration statement on file with the SEC under which it can issue debt securities, preferred stock, common stock, warrants, share purchase contracts or share purchase units without a predetermined limit. Securities can be sold in one or more separate offerings with the size, price and terms to be determined at the time of sale.
(12) PENSION AND POSTRETIREMENT PLANS
Retirement plans expense includes the following components:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Plans
|
|
Non-U.S. Plans
|
|
2018
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2020
|
|
|
2018
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2020
|
|
Defined benefit plans:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Service cost (benefits earned during the period)
|
$
|
52
|
|
|
47
|
|
|
57
|
|
|
24
|
|
|
24
|
|
|
30
|
|
Interest cost
|
141
|
|
|
155
|
|
|
125
|
|
|
39
|
|
|
38
|
|
|
30
|
|
Expected return on plan assets
|
(283)
|
|
|
(281)
|
|
|
(268)
|
|
|
(67)
|
|
|
(68)
|
|
|
(72)
|
|
Net amortization and other
|
129
|
|
|
81
|
|
|
148
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
6
|
|
|
17
|
|
Net periodic pension expense
|
39
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
62
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
5
|
|
Defined contribution plans
|
132
|
|
|
125
|
|
|
112
|
|
|
52
|
|
|
56
|
|
|
56
|
|
Total retirement plans expense
|
$
|
171
|
|
|
127
|
|
|
174
|
|
|
62
|
|
|
56
|
|
|
61
|
|
Net periodic pension expense increased in 2020 primarily due to higher amortization expense. For defined contribution plans, the Company makes cash contributions based on plan requirements, which are expensed as incurred.
The Company's principal U.S. defined benefit plan is closed to employees hired after January 1, 2016 while shorter-tenured employees ceased accruing benefits effective October 1, 2016.
Details of the changes in the actuarial present value of the projected benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets for defined benefit pension plans follow:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Plans
|
|
Non-U.S. Plans
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2020
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2020
|
|
Projected benefit obligation, beginning
|
$
|
3,957
|
|
|
4,410
|
|
|
1,442
|
|
|
1,584
|
|
Service cost
|
47
|
|
|
57
|
|
|
24
|
|
|
30
|
|
Interest cost
|
155
|
|
|
125
|
|
|
38
|
|
|
30
|
|
Actuarial loss
|
608
|
|
|
260
|
|
|
216
|
|
|
3
|
|
Benefits paid
|
(206)
|
|
|
(202)
|
|
|
(36)
|
|
|
(37)
|
|
Settlements
|
(152)
|
|
|
(111)
|
|
|
(41)
|
|
|
(46)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign currency translation and other
|
1
|
|
|
(14)
|
|
|
(59)
|
|
|
69
|
|
Projected benefit obligation, ending
|
$
|
4,410
|
|
|
4,525
|
|
|
1,584
|
|
|
1,633
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair value of plan assets, beginning
|
$
|
4,233
|
|
|
4,208
|
|
|
1,243
|
|
|
1,284
|
|
Actual return on plan assets
|
316
|
|
|
466
|
|
|
135
|
|
|
58
|
|
Employer contributions
|
16
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
44
|
|
|
46
|
|
Benefits paid
|
(206)
|
|
|
(202)
|
|
|
(36)
|
|
|
(37)
|
|
Settlements
|
(152)
|
|
|
(111)
|
|
|
(41)
|
|
|
(46)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign currency translation and other
|
1
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
(61)
|
|
|
62
|
|
Fair value of plan assets, ending
|
$
|
4,208
|
|
|
4,383
|
|
|
1,284
|
|
|
1,367
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net amount recognized in the balance sheet
|
$
|
(202)
|
|
|
(142)
|
|
|
(300)
|
|
|
(266)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Location of net amount recognized in the balance sheet:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Noncurrent asset
|
$
|
67
|
|
|
140
|
|
|
97
|
|
|
125
|
|
Current liability
|
(11)
|
|
|
(11)
|
|
|
(14)
|
|
|
(15)
|
|
Noncurrent liability
|
(258)
|
|
|
(271)
|
|
|
(383)
|
|
|
(376)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net amount recognized in the balance sheet
|
$
|
(202)
|
|
|
(142)
|
|
|
(300)
|
|
|
(266)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pretax accumulated other comprehensive loss
|
$
|
(1,040)
|
|
|
(937)
|
|
|
(307)
|
|
|
(316)
|
|
Approximately $159 of the $1,253 of pretax losses deferred in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at September 30, 2020 will be amortized to expense in 2021. As of September 30, 2020, U.S. pension plans were underfunded by $142 in total, including unfunded plans totaling $223. The non-U.S. plans were underfunded by $266, including unfunded plans totaling $319.
As of the September 30, 2020 and 2019 measurement dates, the plans' total accumulated benefit obligation was $5,859 and $5,682, respectively. The total projected benefit obligation, accumulated benefit obligation and fair value of plan assets for individual plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets were $1,153, $1,034 and $492, respectively, for 2020, and $1,113, $991 and $456, respectively, for 2019.
Future benefit payments by U.S. plans are estimated to be $212 in 2021, $219 in 2022, $225 in 2023, $231 in 2024, $235 in 2025 and $1,219 in total over the five years 2026 through 2030. Based on foreign currency exchange rates as of September 30, 2020, future benefit payments by non-U.S. plans are estimated to be $72 in 2021, $72 in 2022, $72 in 2023, $78 in 2024, $79 in 2025 and $441 in total over the five years 2026 through 2030. The Company expects to contribute approximately $50 to its retirement plans in 2021.
The weighted-average assumptions used in the valuation of pension benefits follow:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Plans
|
|
Non-U.S. Plans
|
|
2018
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2020
|
|
|
2018
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2020
|
|
Net pension expense
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Discount rate used to determine service cost
|
3.95
|
%
|
|
4.33
|
%
|
|
3.40
|
%
|
|
2.6
|
%
|
|
2.7
|
%
|
|
1.9
|
%
|
Discount rate used to determine interest cost
|
3.25
|
%
|
|
3.98
|
%
|
|
2.87
|
%
|
|
2.6
|
%
|
|
2.7
|
%
|
|
1.9
|
%
|
Expected return on plan assets
|
7.00
|
%
|
|
7.00
|
%
|
|
6.75
|
%
|
|
5.7
|
%
|
|
6.1
|
%
|
|
5.8
|
%
|
Rate of compensation increase
|
3.25
|
%
|
|
3.25
|
%
|
|
3.25
|
%
|
|
3.4
|
%
|
|
3.5
|
%
|
|
3.7
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Benefit obligations
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Discount rate
|
4.26
|
%
|
|
3.22
|
%
|
|
2.81
|
%
|
|
2.7
|
%
|
|
1.9
|
%
|
|
1.9
|
%
|
Rate of compensation increase
|
3.25
|
%
|
|
3.25
|
%
|
|
3.25
|
%
|
|
3.5
|
%
|
|
3.7
|
%
|
|
3.6
|
%
|
The discount rate for the U.S. retirement plans was 2.81 percent as of September 30, 2020. An actuarially developed, company-specific yield curve is used to determine the discount rate. To determine the service and interest cost components of pension expense for its U.S. retirement plans, the Company applies the specific spot rates along the yield curve, rather than the single weighted-average rate, to the projected cash flows to provide more precise measurement of these costs. The expected return on plan assets assumption is determined by reviewing the investment returns of the plans for the past 10 years plus longer-term historical returns of an asset mix approximating the Company's asset allocation targets, and periodically comparing these returns to expectations of investment advisors and actuaries to determine whether long-term future returns are expected to differ significantly from the past.
The Company's asset allocations at September 30, 2020 and 2019, and weighted-average target allocations follow:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Plans
|
|
Non-U.S. Plans
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2020
|
|
|
Target
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2020
|
|
|
Target
|
Equity securities
|
53
|
%
|
|
49
|
%
|
|
45-55%
|
|
42
|
%
|
|
41
|
%
|
|
40-50%
|
Debt securities
|
46
|
|
|
45
|
|
|
40-50
|
|
47
|
|
|
48
|
|
|
45-55
|
Other
|
1
|
|
|
6
|
|
|
0-10
|
|
11
|
|
|
11
|
|
|
5-15
|
Total
|
100
|
%
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
100%
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
100%
|
The primary objective for the investment of pension assets is to secure participant retirement benefits by earning a reasonable rate of return. Plan assets are invested consistent with the provisions of the prudence and diversification rules of ERISA and with a long-term investment horizon. The Company continuously monitors the value of assets by class and routinely rebalances to remain within target allocations. The equity strategy is to minimize concentrations of risk by investing primarily in a mix of companies that are diversified across geographies, market capitalization, style, sectors and industries worldwide. The approach for bonds emphasizes investment-grade corporate and government debt with maturities matching a portion of the longer duration pension liabilities. The bonds strategy also includes a high-yield element which is generally shorter in duration. For diversification, a small portion of U.S. plan assets is allocated to private equity partnerships and real asset fund investments, providing opportunities for above market returns. Leveraging techniques are not used and the use of derivatives in any fund is limited and inconsequential.
The fair values of defined benefit pension assets as of September 30, organized by asset class and by the fair value hierarchy of ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, follow. Investments valued based on the net asset value (NAV) of fund units held, as derived from the fair value of the underlying assets, are excluded from the fair value hierarchy.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Level 1
|
|
Level 2
|
|
Level 3
|
|
Measured at NAV
|
|
Total
|
|
%
|
2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. equities
|
$
|
785
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
536
|
|
|
1,331
|
|
|
23
|
%
|
International equities
|
513
|
|
|
16
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
635
|
|
|
1,164
|
|
|
20
|
%
|
Emerging market equities
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
237
|
|
|
237
|
|
|
4
|
%
|
Corporate bonds
|
—
|
|
|
1,202
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
446
|
|
|
1,648
|
|
|
29
|
%
|
Government bonds
|
—
|
|
|
450
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
531
|
|
|
981
|
|
|
17
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
|
4
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
133
|
|
|
244
|
|
|
389
|
|
|
7
|
%
|
Total
|
$
|
1,302
|
|
|
1,686
|
|
|
133
|
|
|
2,629
|
|
|
5,750
|
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. equities
|
$
|
789
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
386
|
|
|
284
|
|
|
1,464
|
|
|
27
|
%
|
International equities
|
459
|
|
|
15
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
615
|
|
|
1,089
|
|
|
20
|
%
|
Emerging market equities
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
213
|
|
|
213
|
|
|
4
|
%
|
Corporate bonds
|
—
|
|
|
1,008
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
464
|
|
|
1,472
|
|
|
27
|
%
|
Government bonds
|
—
|
|
|
512
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
540
|
|
|
1,052
|
|
|
19
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
|
1
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
129
|
|
|
64
|
|
|
202
|
|
|
3
|
%
|
Total
|
$
|
1,249
|
|
|
1,548
|
|
|
515
|
|
|
2,180
|
|
|
5,492
|
|
|
100
|
%
|
Asset Classes
U.S. equities reflect companies domiciled in the U.S., including multinational companies. International equities are comprised of companies domiciled in developed nations outside the U.S. Emerging market equities are comprised of companies domiciled in portions of Asia, Eastern Europe and Latin America. Corporate bonds represent investment-grade debt of issuers primarily from the U.S. Government bonds include investment-grade instruments issued by federal, state and local governments, primarily in the U.S. Other includes cash, interests in mixed asset funds investing in commodities, natural resources, agriculture, real estate and infrastructure funds, life insurance contracts (U.S.), and shares in certain general investment funds of financial institutions or insurance arrangements (non-U.S.) that typically ensure no market losses or provide for a small minimum return guarantee.
Fair Value Hierarchy Categories
Valuations of Level 1 assets for all classes are based on quoted closing market prices from the principal exchanges where the individual securities are traded. Cash is valued at cost, which approximates fair value. Debt securities categorized as Level 2 assets are generally valued based on independent broker/dealer bids or by comparison to other debt securities having similar durations, yields and credit ratings. Valuation techniques and inputs for these assets include discounted cash flow analysis, earnings multiple approaches, recent transactions, transfer restrictions, prevailing discount rates, volatilities, credit ratings and other factors. In the Other class, interests in mixed asset funds are Level 2, and U.S. life insurance contracts and non-U.S. general fund investments and insurance arrangements are Level 3. Investments measured at NAV are primarily nonexchange-traded commingled or collective funds where the underlying securities have observable prices available from active markets and typically provide liquidity daily or within a few days. The NAV category also includes fund investments in private equities, real estate and infrastructure where the fair value of the underlying assets is determined by the investment manager. Total unfunded commitments for the private equity funds were approximately $240 at September 30, 2020. These investments cannot be redeemed, but instead the funds will make distributions through liquidation of the underlying assets, which is expected to occur over approximately the next 10 years. The real estate and infrastructure funds typically offer quarterly redemption.
Postretirement Plans
The Company also sponsors unfunded postretirement benefit plans (primarily health care) for certain U.S. retirees and their dependents. The Company’s principal U.S. postretirement plan has been frozen to new employees since 1993. The postretirement benefit liability for all plans was $135 and $147 as of September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and included deferred actuarial gains in accumulated other comprehensive income of $106 and $118, respectively. Service and interest costs are negligible and more than offset by the amortization of deferred actuarial gains, which resulted in net postretirement income of $12 for each of the last three years. Benefits paid were $12
and $13 for 2020 and 2019, respectively, and the Company estimates that future health care benefit payments will be approximately $12 per year for 2021 through 2025, and $42 in total over the five years 2026 through 2030.
(13) CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND COMMITMENTS
The Company is a party to a number of pending legal proceedings and claims, including those involving general and product liability (including asbestos) and other matters, several of which claim substantial amounts of damages. The Company accrues for such liabilities when it is probable that future costs (including legal fees and expenses) will be incurred and such costs can be reasonably estimated. Accruals are based on developments to date; management's estimates of the outcomes of these matters; and the Company's experience in contesting, litigating and settling similar matters. The Company engages an outside expert to develop an actuarial estimate of its expected costs to resolve all pending and future asbestos claims, including defense costs, as well as its related insurance receivables. The reserve for asbestos litigation, which is recorded on an undiscounted basis, is based on projected claims through 2065.
Although it is not possible to predict the ultimate outcome of these matters, the Company historically has been largely successful in defending itself against claims and suits that have been brought against it, and will continue to defend itself vigorously in all such matters. While the Company believes a material adverse impact is unlikely, given the inherent uncertainty of litigation, a remote possibility exists that a future development could have a material adverse impact on the Company. The Company enters into certain indemnification agreements in the ordinary course of business in which the indemnified party is held harmless and is reimbursed for losses incurred from claims by third parties, usually up to a prespecified limit. In connection with divestitures of certain assets or businesses, the Company often provides indemnities to the buyer with respect to certain matters including, for example, environmental or unidentified tax liabilities related to periods prior to the disposition. Because of the uncertain nature of the indemnities, the maximum liability cannot be quantified. As such, contingent liabilities are recorded when they are both probable and reasonably estimable. Historically, payments under indemnity arrangements have been inconsequential.
At September 30, 2020, there were no known contingent liabilities (including guarantees, pending litigation, taxes and other claims) that management believes will be material in relation to the Company's financial statements, nor were there any material commitments outside the normal course of business.
(14) INCOME TAXES
Pretax earnings consist of the following:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2018
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2020
|
|
United States
|
$
|
1,652
|
|
|
1,771
|
|
|
1,360
|
|
Non-U.S.
|
1,015
|
|
|
1,088
|
|
|
975
|
|
Total pretax earnings
|
$
|
2,667
|
|
|
2,859
|
|
|
2,335
|
|
The principal components of income tax expense follow:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2018
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2020
|
|
Current:
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. federal
|
$
|
341
|
|
|
247
|
|
|
123
|
|
State and local
|
52
|
|
|
24
|
|
|
15
|
|
Non-U.S.
|
300
|
|
|
308
|
|
|
288
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred:
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. federal
|
(224)
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
|
(44)
|
|
State and local
|
(11)
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
1
|
|
Non-U.S.
|
(15)
|
|
|
(58)
|
|
|
(38)
|
|
Income tax expense
|
$
|
443
|
|
|
531
|
|
|
345
|
|
Reconciliations of the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate to the Company's effective tax rate follow. For fiscal 2018, the U.S. federal statutory rate was 35 percent for one quarter and 21 percent for three quarters.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2018
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2020
|
|
U.S. federal statutory rate
|
24.5
|
%
|
|
21.0
|
%
|
|
21.0
|
%
|
State and local taxes, net of U.S. federal tax benefit
|
1.2
|
|
|
1.0
|
|
|
0.6
|
|
Non-U.S. rate differential
|
0.8
|
|
|
1.8
|
|
|
1.7
|
|
Non-U.S. tax holidays
|
(0.8)
|
|
|
(1.1)
|
|
|
(1.1)
|
|
Research and development credits
|
(0.2)
|
|
|
(0.3)
|
|
|
(1.8)
|
|
U.S. manufacturing deduction
|
(1.1)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Foreign derived intangible income
|
—
|
|
|
(1.1)
|
|
|
(1.2)
|
|
Gain on divestiture
|
1.0
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Subsidiary restructuring
|
(2.0)
|
|
|
(2.6)
|
|
|
(4.4)
|
|
Transition impact of Tax Act
|
(7.1)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Other
|
0.3
|
|
|
(0.1)
|
|
|
—
|
|
Effective income tax rate
|
16.6
|
%
|
|
18.6
|
%
|
|
14.8
|
%
|
The tax rates for 2020, 2019 and 2018 include benefits from restructuring subsidiaries of $103 ($0.17 per share), $74 ($0.12 per share) and $53 ($0.08 per share), respectively. The increase in research and development credits in the current year was due to the impact of a research and development tax credit study.
On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted tax reform, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”), which made comprehensive changes to U.S. federal income tax laws by moving from a global to a modified territorial tax regime. The Tax Act includes a reduction of the U.S. corporate income tax rate from 35 percent to 21 percent in calendar year 2018 along with the elimination of certain deductions and credits, and a one-time “deemed repatriation” of accumulated non-U.S. earnings. During 2018, the Company recognized a net tax benefit of $189 ($0.30 per share) due to impacts of the Tax Act, consisting of a $94 benefit on revaluation of net deferred income tax liabilities to the lower tax rate, $35 of expense for the tax on deemed repatriation of accumulated non-U.S. earnings and withholding taxes, and the reversal of $130 accrued in previous periods for the planned repatriation of non-U.S. cash. The Company completed its accounting for the Tax Act in the first quarter of fiscal 2019.
Effective in fiscal 2019, the Tax Act also subjects the Company to U.S. tax on global intangible low-taxed income earned by certain of its non-U.S. subsidiaries. The Company has elected to recognize this tax as a period expense when it is incurred.
On March 27, 2020, the CARES Act was enacted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, and among other things, provides tax relief to businesses. Tax provisions of the CARES Act include the deferral of certain payroll taxes, relief for retaining employees, and other provisions. The Company expects to defer $75 of certain payroll taxes through the end of calendar year 2020, of which $48 was deferred through September 30, 2020.
Non-U.S. tax holidays reduce tax rates in certain jurisdictions and are expected to expire over the next two years.
Following are changes in unrecognized tax benefits before considering recoverability of any cross-jurisdictional tax credits (U.S. federal, state and non-U.S.) and temporary differences. The amount of unrecognized tax benefits is not expected to change significantly within the next 12 months.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2020
|
|
Unrecognized tax benefits, beginning
|
$
|
158
|
|
|
159
|
|
Additions for current year tax positions
|
15
|
|
|
25
|
|
Additions for prior year tax positions
|
18
|
|
|
29
|
|
Reductions for prior year tax positions
|
(22)
|
|
|
(8)
|
|
Acquisitions and divestitures
|
4
|
|
|
—
|
|
Reductions for settlements with tax authorities
|
(5)
|
|
|
—
|
|
Reductions for expiration of statutes of limitations
|
(9)
|
|
|
(10)
|
|
Unrecognized tax benefits, ending
|
$
|
159
|
|
|
195
|
|
If none of the unrecognized tax benefits shown is ultimately paid, the tax provision and the calculation of the effective tax rate would be favorably impacted by $163, which is net of cross-jurisdictional tax credits and temporary differences. The Company accrues interest and penalties related to income taxes in income tax expense. Total interest and penalties recognized were $1, $4 and $2 in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. As of September 30, 2020 and 2019, total accrued interest and penalties were $29 and $27, respectively.
The U.S. is the major jurisdiction for which the Company files income tax returns. U.S. federal tax returns are closed for years through 2013. The status of state and non-U.S. tax examinations varies due to the numerous legal entities and jurisdictions in which the Company operates.
The principal items that gave rise to deferred income tax assets and liabilities follow:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2020
|
|
Deferred tax assets:
|
|
|
|
Net operating losses, capital losses and tax credits
|
$
|
407
|
|
|
487
|
|
Accrued liabilities
|
228
|
|
|
219
|
|
Postretirement and postemployment benefits
|
36
|
|
|
33
|
|
Employee compensation and benefits
|
110
|
|
|
119
|
|
Pensions
|
95
|
|
|
69
|
|
Other
|
121
|
|
|
137
|
|
Total
|
$
|
997
|
|
|
1,064
|
|
|
|
|
|
Valuation allowances
|
$
|
(307)
|
|
|
(293)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred tax liabilities:
|
|
|
|
Intangibles
|
$
|
(637)
|
|
|
(652)
|
|
Property, plant and equipment
|
(195)
|
|
|
(212)
|
|
Undistributed non-U.S. earnings
|
(49)
|
|
|
(36)
|
|
Other
|
(39)
|
|
|
(33)
|
|
Total
|
$
|
(920)
|
|
|
(933)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net deferred income tax liability
|
$
|
(230)
|
|
|
(162)
|
|
Total income taxes paid were approximately $400, $650 and $680 in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Net operating losses, capital losses and tax credits include $126 of capital losses expected to be recovered in the next 12 months. More than half of the remaining $361 of net operating losses and tax credits expire over the next 9 years, while most of the remainder can be carried forward indefinitely.
(15) STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
The Company's stock-based compensation plans include performance shares, restricted stock, restricted stock units, and stock options. Although the Company has discretion, shares distributed under these plans are issued from treasury stock.
Total compensation expense and income tax benefits for stock options and incentive shares follows. The Company's performance shares awards are marked-to-market each period based on changes in the stock price.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2018
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
2020
|
Performance shares
|
$
|
192
|
|
|
96
|
|
|
98
|
|
Restricted stock and restricted stock units
|
17
|
|
|
21
|
|
|
11
|
|
Stock options
|
7
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
1
|
|
Total stock compensation expense
|
$
|
216
|
|
|
120
|
|
|
110
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income tax benefits recognized
|
$
|
42
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
18
|
|
As of September 30, 2020, total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested shares awarded under these plans was $127, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.7 years.
Performance Shares, Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units
The Company's incentive shares plans include performance shares awards which distribute the value of common stock to key management employees at the conclusion of a three-year period subject to certain operating performance conditions and other restrictions. The form of distribution is primarily shares of common stock, with a portion in cash in the first quarter following the end of the applicable three-year performance period. Dividend equivalents are only paid on earned awards after the performance period has concluded. Compensation expense for performance shares is recognized over the service period based on the number of shares ultimately expected to be earned. Performance shares awards are accounted for as liabilities in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation - Stock Compensation, with compensation expense adjusted at the end of each reporting period to reflect the change in fair value of the awards.
Information related to performance share payouts for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2020 follows (shares in thousands):