As filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on December 21, 2015
Securities Act Registration No.
033-24962
Investment Company Act Registration No.
811-05186
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM N-1A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE
SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
PRE-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO.
POST-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. 140 (X)
and/or
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE
INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940
POST-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. 142 (X)
Check appropriate box or boxes
ADVANCED SERIES TRUST
Exact name of registrant as specified in
charter
655 Broad Street, 17th Floor
Newark, New Jersey 07102
Address of Principal Executive Offices including
Zip Code
(973) 367-7521
Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including
Area Code
Deborah A. Docs
655 Broad Street, 17
th
Floor
Newark, New Jersey 07102
Name and Address of Agent for Service
It is proposed that this filing will
become effective:
X
immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b)
__ on (____) pursuant to paragraph (b)
__ 60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)
__ on (____) pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)
__ 75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)
__ on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of Rule 485
If appropriate, check the
following box:
__ this post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment.
ADVANCED SERIES
TRUST
PROSPECTUS
• January 4, 2016
The Advanced Series Trust (the Trust and each
series thereof, a Portfolio) is an investment vehicle for life insurance companies (the Participating Insurance Companies) writing variable annuity contracts and variable life insurance policies (each, a Contract and
together, the Contracts). Shares of the Trust may also be sold directly to certain tax-deferred retirement plans. Each Contract involves fees and expenses not described in this prospectus (the Prospectus). Please
read the prospectus of your Contract for information regarding the Contract, including its fees and expenses. The Portfolio offered in this Prospectus is set forth on this cover (the Portfolio).
These securities have not been
approved or disapproved by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the Commission or the SEC) or the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the CFTC) nor has the Commission or the CFTC passed upon the accuracy or
adequacy of this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Prudential, the Prudential logo,
and the Rock symbol are service marks of Prudential Financial, Inc. and its related entities, registered in many jurisdictions worldwide.
SUMMARY: AST BOND PORTFOLIO 2027
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE
The investment objective of the
Portfolio is to seek the highest total return for a specific period of time, consistent with the preservation of capital and liquidity needs. Total return is comprised of current income and capital appreciation.
PORTFOLIO FEES AND EXPENSES
The table below shows the fees and
expenses that you may pay if you invest in shares of the Portfolio. The table does not include Contract charges. Because Contract charges are not included, the total fees and expenses that you will incur will be
higher than the fees and expenses set forth in the table. See your Contract prospectus for more information about Contract charges.
Annual Portfolio Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)
(1)
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Management Fees
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0.48%
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Distribution and/or Service Fees (12b-1 Fees)
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0.25%
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Other Expenses
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0.08%
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Total Annual Portfolio Operating Expenses
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0.81%
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(1)
The Portfolio will commence operations on or about January 4, 2016. Estimate based in part on assumed average daily net assets of $200 million for the Portfolio for the fiscal
period ending December 31, 2016.
Example.
The following example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Portfolio with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The table does not include Contract charges.
Because Contract charges are not included, the total fees and expenses that you will incur will be higher than the fees and expenses set forth in the example. See your Contract prospectus for more information about
Contract charges.
The example assumes that you
invest $10,000 in the Portfolio for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the
Portfolio’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions, your costs would be:
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1 Year
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3 Years
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AST Bond Portfolio 2027
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$83
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$259
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Portfolio Turnover.
The Portfolio pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate
higher transaction costs. These costs, which are not reflected in annual portfolio operating expenses or in the example, affect the Portfolio's performance. No portfolio turnover rate is presented for the Portfolio,
because it is new.
INVESTMENTS, RISKS AND
PERFORMANCE
Principal
Investment Strategies
. The Portfolio uses both top-down and bottom-up approaches to invest in a wide array of bond market sectors, including US Treasuries, agency securities, corporate bonds, structured
products sectors including asset-backed securities and commercial mortgage-backed securities, mortgage backed securities, and to a small extent emerging markets debt and high yield debt (commonly known as junk bonds).
In pursuing its investment objective, the Portfolio normally invests at least 80% of its assets (net assets plus any borrowings made for investment purposes) in bonds. For purposes of this 80% policy, bonds include:
(i) all debt securities and all fixed income securities, excluding preferred stock, issued by both government and non-government issuers, and (ii) all derivatives and synthetic instruments that have economic
characteristics that are similar to such debt securities and such fixed income securities. The Portfolio’s Subadviser may use derivative instruments for any reason, including to manage or adjust the
Portfolio’s risk profile when asset flows are volatile.
Contract owners cannot select the
Portfolio for investment. Instead, if a Contract owner selected certain benefits under their Contract, the Contract owner’s account value may be allocated to and from the Portfolio in accordance with a
mathematical formula under the Contract. The Contracts using the Portfolio are issued by Pruco Life Insurance Company, Pruco Life Insurance Company of New Jersey, Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation and
Allstate Life Insurance Company. For more information, Contract owners should see their Contract prospectus or contact the relevant Participating Insurance Company or their financial professional.
The Portfolio is
managed to mature in the year identified in its name in order to match the related liability under certain living benefit programs. In addition, the Portfolio’s duration and weighted average maturity will
decline over time as the maturity date approaches. To that end, the Portfolio’s Subadviser expects to maintain the duration of the Portfolio within +/– 0.50 years of the secondary benchmark index for the
Portfolio. The secondary benchmark index for the Portfolio is the Barclays Fixed Maturity (2027) Zero Coupon Swaps Index. The primary benchmark index for the Portfolio is the Barclays US Government/Credit Bond Index.
On or about the Portfolio’s maturity date, all of the securities held by the Portfolio will be sold and all of the outstanding shares of beneficial interest of the Portfolio will be redeemed. Proceeds from that
redemption will be reallocated in accordance with the procedures applicable to the Contract owner’s variable Contract.
The Portfolio’s Subadviser
currently intends to maintain an overall weighted average credit quality rating of A- or better for the Portfolio. This target overall credit quality for the Portfolio will be based on ratings as of the date of
purchase. In the event the overall credit quality drops below A- due to downgrades of individual portfolio securities, the Portfolio’s Subadviser will take appropriate action based upon the relevant facts and
circumstances.
Principal Risks of Investing in the
Portfolio.
The risks summarized below are the principal risks of investing in the Portfolio. All investments have risks to some degree and it is possible that you could lose money by investing in the
Portfolio. An investment in the Portfolio is not a deposit with a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. While the Portfolio makes every
effort to achieve its objectives, the Portfolio cannot guarantee success.
Asset-Backed and/or Mortgage-Backed
Securities Risk
. Asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities are fixed income securities that represent an interest in an underlying pool of assets, such as credit card receivables or, in the case of
mortgage-backed securities, mortgage loans. Like fixed income securities, asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities are subject to interest rate risk, liquidity risk, and credit risk, which may be heightened in
connection with investments in loans to “subprime” borrowers. Certain asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities are subject to the risk that those obligations will be repaid sooner than expected or later
than expected, either of which may result in lower than expected returns. Mortgage-backed securities, because they are backed by mortgage loans, are also subject to risks related to real estate, and securities backed
by private-issued mortgages may experience higher rates of default on the underlying mortgages than securities backed by government-issued mortgages.
Asset Transfer Program Risk
. Predetermined, nondiscretionary mathematical formulas used by the Participating Insurance Companies to manage the guarantees offered in connection with certain benefit programs under the
Contracts may result in systematic transfers of assets among the investment options under the Contracts, including the Portfolio. The formulas may result in transfers between your selected Portfolios and this
Portfolio and/or transfers between this Portfolio and a bond Portfolio with a different maturity date. These formulas may result in large-scale asset flows into and out of the Portfolio, which could adversely affect
the Portfolio, including its risk profile, expenses and performance. For example, the asset flows may adversely affect performance by requiring the Portfolio to purchase or sell securities at inopportune times, by
otherwise limiting the subadviser’s ability to fully implement the Portfolio’s investment strategies, or by requiring the Portfolio to hold a larger portion of its assets in highly liquid securities than
it otherwise would hold. The asset flows may also result in high turnover, low asset levels and high operating expense ratios for the Portfolio. The asset flows could remove all or substantially all of the assets of
the Portfolio. The efficient operation of the asset flows depends on active and liquid markets. If market liquidity is strained, the asset flows may not operate as intended which in turn could adversely affect
performance.
Derivatives Risk
. A derivative is a financial contract, the value of which depends upon, or is derived from, the value of an underlying asset, reference rate, or index. The use of derivatives involves a
variety of risks, including the risk that: the party on the other side of a derivative transaction will be unable to honor its financial obligation; leverage created by investing in derivatives may result in losses to
the Portfolio; derivatives may be difficult or impossible for the Portfolio to buy or sell at an opportune time or price, and may be difficult to terminate or otherwise offset; derivatives used for hedging may reduce
or magnify losses but also may reduce or eliminate gains; and the price of commodity-linked derivatives may be more volatile than the prices of traditional equity and debt securities.
Expense Risk
. The actual cost of investing in the Portfolio may be higher than the expenses shown in the “Annual Portfolio Operating Expenses” table above for a variety of reasons,
including, for example, if the Portfolio’s average net assets decrease.
Fixed Income Securities Risk
. Investment in fixed income securities involves a variety of risks, including that: an issuer or guarantor of a security will be unable to pay obligations when due; the Portfolio may be
unable to sell its securities holdings at the price it values the security or at any price; the income generated by and the market price of a fixed income security may decline due to a decrease in interest rates; and
the price of a fixed income security may decline due to an increase in interest rates.
High-Yield Risk
. Investments in fixed income securities rated below investment grade and unrated securities of similar credit quality (i.e., high yield securities or junk bonds) may be more sensitive to
interest rate, credit and liquidity risks than investments in investment grade securities, and have predominantly speculative characteristics.
Liquidity and Valuation Risk
. The Portfolio may hold one or more securities for which there are no or few buyers and sellers or the securities are subject to limitations on transfer. The Portfolio may be unable to
sell those portfolio holdings at the desired time or price, and may have difficulty determining the value of such securities for the purpose of determining the Portfolio’s net asset value. In such cases,
investments owned by the Portfolio may be valued at fair value pursuant to guidelines established by the Portfolio’s Board of Trustees. No assurance can be given that the fair value prices accurately reflect the
value of security.
Market and Management Risk
. Markets in which the Portfolio invests may experience volatility and go down in value, and possibly sharply and unpredictably. The investment techniques, risk analysis and investment
strategies used by a subadviser in making investment decisions for the Portfolio may not produce the intended or desired results.
Recent Events Risk
. Events in the financial markets have caused, and may continue to cause, increased volatility and a significant decline in the value and liquidity of many securities. As a result,
identifying investment risks and opportunities may be especially difficult. There is no assurance that steps taken by governments, and their agencies and instrumentalities, to support financial markets will continue,
and the impact of regulatory changes on the markets may not be known for some time.
Regulatory Risk
. The Portfolio is subject to a variety of laws and regulations which govern its operations. The Portfolio is subject to regulation by the SEC. Similarly, the businesses and other issuers
of the securities and other instruments in which the Portfolio invests are also subject to considerable regulation. A change in laws and regulations may materially impact the Portfolio, a security, business, sector or
market.
US Government Securities Risk.
US Government securities may be adversely affected by changes in interest rates, a default by, or decline in the credit quality of, the US Government, and may not be backed by the full
faith and credit of the US Government.
Past Performance.
No performance history is presented for this Portfolio, because it does not yet have a full calendar year of performance.
MANAGEMENT OF THE PORTFOLIO
Investment Manager
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Subadviser
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Portfolio Managers
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Title
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Service Date
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Prudential Investments LLC
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PGIM, Inc.
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Richard Piccirillo
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Principal and Senior Portfolio Manager
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January 2016
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Malcolm Dalrymple
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Principal and Portfolio Manager
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January 2016
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Erik Schiller, CFA
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Managing Director
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January 2016
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David Del Vecchio
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Principal and Portfolio Manager
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January 2016
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Note: PGIM, Inc., the umbrella organization
for the various Prudential asset management businesses, was formerly named Prudential Investment Management, Inc.
TAX INFORMATION
Contract owners should consult
their Contract prospectus for information on the federal tax consequences to them. In addition, Contract owners may wish to consult with their own tax advisors as to the tax consequences of investments in the
Contracts and the Portfolio, including the application of state and local taxes. The Portfolio currently intends to be treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes. As a result, the Portfolio's income,
gains, losses, deductions, and credits are “passed through” pro rata directly to the Participating Insurance Companies and retain the same character for federal income tax purposes.
FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARY
COMPENSATION
If you purchase your Contract
through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Participating Insurance Company, the Portfolio or their related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of the Contract, the
selection of the Portfolio and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Contract over another
investment or insurance product, or to recommend the Portfolio over another investment option under the Contract. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary's website for more information.
ABOUT THE TRUST
About the TRUST and its
Portfolio
This prospectus provides
information about the Trust and the AST Bond Portfolio 2027. The Portfolio is a diversified investment company as defined by the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the 1940 Act).
Prudential Investments LLC (PI or
the Manager), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Prudential Financial, Inc. (Prudential Financial), serves as the sole investment manager for the Portfolio.
PI and AST Investment Services,
Inc. (ASTIS) serve as the co-investment managers of each of the portfolios of the Trust not covered by this prospectus, except for the AST AB Global Bond Portfolio, AST AQR Emerging Markets Equity Portfolio, AST
BlackRock Multi-Asset Income Portfolio, AST Columbia Adaptive Risk Allocation Portfolio, AST Emerging Managers Diversified Portfolio, AST FQ Absolute Return Currency Portfolio, AST Franklin Templeton K2 Global
Absolute Return Portfolio, AST Goldman Sachs Global Growth Allocation Portfolio, AST Goldman Sachs Global Income Portfolio, AST Goldman Sachs Strategic Income Portfolio, AST Ivy Asset Strategy Portfolio, AST Legg
Mason Diversified Growth Portfolio, AST Managed Alternatives Portfolio, AST Morgan Stanley Multi-Asset Portfolio, AST Neuberger Berman Long/Short Portfolio, AST Prudential Flexible Multi-Strategy Portfolio, AST Bond
Portfolio 2026, AST QMA International Equity Portfolio, AST Schroders Global Tactical Portfolio, AST T. Rowe Price Diversified Real Growth, AST Wellington Management Global Bond Portfolio, and AST Wellington
Management Real Total Return Portfolio for which PI serves as the sole investment manager.
Prudential Financial, which is
incorporated in the United States, has its principal place of business in the United States. Neither Prudential Financial nor any of its subsidiaries are affiliated in any manner with Prudential plc, a company
incorporated in the United Kingdom. The Manager has retained one or more subadvisers (each, a Subadviser), to manage the day-to-day investment of the assets of the Portfolio in a multi-manager structure.
More information about the
Manager, the Subadviser and the multi-manager structure is included in “How the Trust is Managed” later in this Prospectus.
The Trust offers one class of
shares in the Portfolio. Shares of the Portfolio are sold only to separate accounts of Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation, The Prudential Insurance Company of America, Pruco Life Insurance Company, Pruco
Life Insurance Company of New Jersey, Prudential Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company, Pramerica of Bermuda Life Assurance Company, Ltd. (collectively, Prudential), Kemper Investors Life Insurance Company,
Allstate Life Insurance Company and Allstate Life Insurance Company of New York as investment options under variable life insurance and variable annuity contracts. Shares of the Portfolio may be sold directly to
certain qualified retirement plans.
Additional information about the
Portfolio is set forth in the following sections, and is also provided in the Statement of Additional Information (the SAI).
MORE DETAILED INFORMATION ON HOW THE PORTFOLIO
INVESTS
Introduction
We describe the Portfolio's
investment objective and policies on the following pages. We describe certain investment instruments that appear below in the section entitled More Detailed Information About Other Investments and Strategies Used by
the Portfolios.
Although we make every effort to
achieve the Portfolio's objective, we can't guarantee success and it is possible that you could lose money.
The Portfolio's investment objective is a non-fundamental investment policy and, therefore, may be changed by the Board of Trustees of the Trust (the Board) without shareholder
approval.
An investment in a Portfolio is
not a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency.
The Portfolios have investment
strategies and policies that include percentage estimates and limitations. Those percentages are generally applied at the time the Portfolio makes an investment.
A Portfolio may have a policy to
invest 80% of its assets in a particular category of investments based on the name of the Portfolio. The 80% requirement is applied at the time the Portfolio makes an investment. Those 80% policies are non-fundamental
and may be changed by the Board without shareholder approval. The Portfolio, however, will provide 60 days' prior written notice to shareholders of any change in an 80% policy based on the Portfolio's name if required
by applicable rules.
A change in the securities held by
a Portfolio is known as “portfolio turnover.” A Portfolio may engage in active and frequent trading to try to achieve its investment objective and may have a portfolio turnover rate of over 100% annually.
Increased portfolio turnover may result in higher brokerage fees or other transaction costs, which can reduce performance. If a Portfolio realizes capital gains when it sells investments, it generally must pay those
gains to shareholders, increasing its taxable distributions.
In response to adverse market
conditions or when restructuring a Portfolio, we may temporarily invest up to 100% of the Portfolio's total assets in money market instruments. Investing heavily in money market securities limits our ability to
achieve our investment objective, but can help to preserve the value of the Portfolio's assets when markets are unstable.
AST BOND PORTFOLIO 2027
Investment Objective:
The highest total return for a specific period of time, consistent with the preservation of capital and liquidity needs. Total return is comprised of current income and capital
appreciation.
Principal Investment Policies:
In pursuing its investment objective, the Portfolio normally invests at least 80% of its assets (net assets plus any borrowings made for investment purposes) in bonds. For purposes of this
80% policy, bonds include: (i) all debt securities and all fixed-income securities, excluding preferred stock, issued by both government and non-government issuers, and (ii) all derivatives and synthetic instruments
that have economic characteristics that are similar to such debt securities and such fixed-income securities. The above-described 80% policy is a non-fundamental investment policy of the Portfolio and may be changed
by the Board without shareholder approval. The Portfolio, however, will provide 60 days' prior written notice to shareholders of any change in its 80% policy as described above.
The Portfolio is
managed to mature in the year identified in its name in order to match the related liability under certain living benefit programs. In addition, the Portfolio's duration and weighted average maturity will decline over
time as the maturity date approaches. To that end, the Portfolio’s subadviser expects to maintain the duration of the Portfolio within +/– 0.50 years of the secondary benchmark index for the Portfolio. The
secondary benchmark index for the Portfolio is the Barclays Fixed Maturity (2027) Zero Coupon Swaps Index. The primary benchmark index for
the Portfolio is the Barclays US Government/Credit
Bond Index. On or about the Portfolio's maturity date, all of the securities held by the Portfolio will be sold and all of the outstanding shares of beneficial interest of the Portfolio will be redeemed. Proceeds from
that redemption will be reallocated in accordance with the procedures applicable to the contact owner's variable contract.
The Portfolio’s Subadviser
currently intends to maintain an overall weighted average credit quality rating of A- or better for the Portfolio. This target overall credit quality for the Portfolio will be based on ratings as of the date of
purchase. However, ratings are only the opinions of the agencies issuing them and are not absolute guarantees as to quality. In the event the Portfolio's overall credit quality drops below A- due to downgrades of
individual portfolio securities, the Portfolio’s Subadviser will take appropriate action based upon the relevant facts and circumstances.
Principal Investments of the
Portfolio
General
. The Subadviser has a team of fixed-income professionals, including credit analysts and traders, with experience in many sectors of the US and foreign fixed-income securities markets. The
first part of the Subadviser’s investment process will be to develop a quarterly top-down investment and credit outlook. The outlook is a firm-wide assessment of likely global economic, interest rate, and fixed
income sector scenarios and influences portfolio positioning and the level and types of risk that will be assumed by the Portfolio. The Subadviser will use qualitative and quantitative analysis to evaluate each bond
issue considered for the Portfolio. In selecting portfolio securities for the Portfolio, the Subadviser will consider economic conditions and interest rate fundamentals. The Subadviser will also evaluate individual
issues within each bond sector based upon their relative investment merit and will consider factors such as yield and potential for price appreciation as well as credit quality, maturity and risk.
The Portfolio seeks to achieve its
investment objective by investing in a diversified portfolio of high-quality bonds and other securities and instruments. To that end, the Portfolio emphasizes investments in several different types of securities and
financial instruments, including, without limitation: (i) US Government obligations, including US Government securities, and debt obligations issued or guaranteed by the US Government, its agencies and
instrumentalities, and government-sponsored enterprises, including mortgage-related securities; (ii) privately-issued mortgage-related and asset-backed securities; (iii) debt obligations of US corporate issuers; and
(iv) derivatives and synthetic instruments that have economic characteristics that are similar to these types of securities and obligations. The Portfolio also may invest up to 50% of its total assets in US
dollar-denominated debt securities issued in the United States by certain foreign issuers (referred to herein as Yankee obligations).
US GOVERNMENT SECURITIES
. US Government securities include debt obligations issued by the US Treasury (the Treasury). Treasury securities are all backed by the full faith and credit of the US Government, which
means that payment of interest and principal is guaranteed, but yield and market value are not. The Portfolio may also acquire US Government securities in the form of custodial receipts that show ownership of future
interest payments, principal payments or both on certain US Treasury notes or bonds. Such notes or bonds are held in custody by a bank on behalf of the owners. These custodial receipts are commonly referred to as
Treasury strips.
US Government securities also
include debt obligations issued by federal government agencies and government sponsored enterprises, which may include mortgage-backed securities. Securities issued by government sponsored enterprises are not backed
by the full faith and credit of the US Government and for more information about this risk, as well as other risks associated with US Government Securities, please see below under “Other Debt Obligations Issued
or Guaranteed by the US Government and Government-Related Entities.”
OTHER DEBT OBLIGATIONS ISSUED OR
GUARANTEED BY THE US GOVERNMENT AND GOVERNMENT-RELATED ENTITIES
. Securities issued by agencies of the US Government or instrumentalities of the US Government, including those which are guaranteed by Federal agencies or instrumentalities, may or may not
be backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. Obligations of Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA or Ginnie Mae), the Farmers Home Administration, the Export-Import Bank, and the Small
Business Administration are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. Obligations of the Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA or Fannie Mae), the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (FHLMC or
Freddie
Mac), the Federal Home Loan Bank, the Tennessee
Valley Authority and the United States Postal Service are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US Government. In the case of securities not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States, the
Portfolio generally must look principally to the agency issuing or guaranteeing the obligation for ultimate repayment and may not be able to assert a claim against the United States if the agency or instrumentality
does not meet its commitments. The yield and market value of these securities are not guaranteed by the US government or the relevant government sponsored enterprise.
Most mortgage-backed securities
are issued by federal government agencies such as Ginnie Mae, or by government sponsored enterprises such as Freddie Mac or Fannie Mae. Principal and interest payments on mortgage-backed securities issued by the
federal government and some Federal government agencies, such as Ginnie Mae, are guaranteed by the Federal government and backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. Mortgage-backed securities issued by
other government agencies or government sponsored enterprises, such as Freddie Mac or Fannie Mae, are backed only by the credit of the government agency or enterprise and are not backed by the full faith and credit of
the United States. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are authorized to borrow from the US Treasury to meet their obligations. Although the US government has provided financial support to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, there can
be no assurance that it will support these or other government-sponsored enterprises in the future.
PRIVATELY-ISSUED MORTGAGE-RELATED
SECURITIES
. The Portfolio may also invest in privately issued mortgage-related securities. Privately issued mortgage-related securities are issued by private corporations rather than government
agencies or government-sponsored enterprises. Privately issued mortgage-related securities are not guaranteed by US governmental entities and generally have one or more types of credit enhancement to ensure timely
receipt of payments and to protect against default.
Mortgage-related
securities are usually pass-through instruments that pay investors a share of all interest and principal payments from an underlying pool of fixed or adjustable rate mortgages. Mortgage pass-through securities include
collateralized mortgage obligations (CMO), real estate mortgage investment conduits (REMIC), multi-class pass-through securities, stripped mortgage-backed securities and balloon payment mortgage-backed securities. A
CMO is a security backed by an underlying portfolio of mortgages or mortgage-backed securities (MBS) that may be issued or guaranteed by a bank or by US governmental entities. CMOs rely on assumptions about the timing
of cash flows on the underlying mortgages, including expected prepayment rates. The primary risk of a CMO is that these assumptions are wrong, which would either shorten or lengthen the bond's maturity. A REMIC is a
security issued by a US Government agency or private issuer and secured by real property. REMICs consist of classes of regular interest, some of which may be adjustable rate, and a single class of residual interests.
The Portfolio does not intend to invest in residual interests. A multi-class pass-through security is an equity interest in a trust composed of underlying mortgage assets. Payments of principal of and interest on the
mortgage assets and any reinvestment income thereon provide funds to pay debt service on the CMO or to make scheduled distributions on the multi-class pass-through security. An MBS strip may be issued by US
governmental entities or by private institutions. MBS strips take the pieces of a debt security (principal and interest) and break them apart. The resulting securities may be sold separately and may perform
differently. The Portfolio may also invest in balloon payment mortgage-backed securities, which are amortizing mortgage securities offering payments of principal and interest, the last payment of which is
predominantly principal.
ASSET-BACKED SECURITIES
. Asset-backed securities directly or indirectly represent a participation interest in, or are secured by and payable from, a stream of payments generated by particular assets such as motor
vehicle or credit card receivables. Payments of principal and interest may be guaranteed up to certain amounts and for a certain time period by a letter of credit issued by a financial institution unaffiliated with
the entities issuing the securities. Asset-backed securities may be classified as pass-through certificates or collateralized obligations.
Pass-through certificates are
asset-backed securities that represent an undivided fractional ownership interest in an underlying pool of assets. Pass-through certificates usually provide for payments of principal and interest to be passed through
to their holders, usually after deduction for certain costs and expenses incurred in administering the pool. Because pass-through certificates represent an ownership interest in the underlying assets, the holders
thereof bear directly the risk of any defaults by the obligors on the underlying assets not covered by any credit support.
Asset-backed securities issued in
the form of debt instruments, also known as collateralized debt obligations (CDOs) and collateralized loan obligations (CLOs), are generally issued as the debt of a special purpose entity organized solely for the
purpose of owning such assets and issuing such debt. Such assets are most often trade, credit card or automobile receivables. The assets collateralizing such asset-backed securities are pledged to a trustee or
custodian for the benefit of the holders thereof. Such issuers generally hold no assets other than those underlying the asset-backed securities and any credit support provided. As a result, although payments on such
asset-backed securities are obligations of the issuers, in the event of defaults on the underlying assets not covered by any credit support, the issuing entities are unlikely to have sufficient assets to satisfy their
obligations on the related asset-backed securities.
CORPORATE DEBT OBLIGATIONS
. The Portfolio also may invest in the bonds of corporations. For purposes of this policy, the term “corporations” includes all non-government issuers. Corporate bonds are
subject to the risk of the issuer's inability to meet principal and interest payments on the obligation and may also be subject to price volatility due to such factors as interest rate sensitivity, market perception
of the creditworthiness of the issuer, and general market liquidity. When interest rates rise, the value of corporate bonds can be expected to decline. Debt securities with longer maturities tend to be more sensitive
to interest rate movements than those with shorter maturities.
DERIVATIVE STRATEGIES
. The Subadviser may use various derivative strategies to try to improve the Portfolio's investment returns. The Subadviser may also use hedging techniques to try to protect the Portfolio's
assets.
YANKEE OBLIGATIONS
. The Portfolio may invest up to 50% of its total assets in Yankee obligations. Yankee obligations are US dollar-denominated debt securities of foreign corporations issued in the United
States and US dollar-denominated debt securities issued or guaranteed as to payment of principal and interest by governments, quasi-governmental entities, government agencies, and other governmental entities of
foreign countries and supranational entities, which securities are issued in the United States. Debt securities of quasi-governmental entities are issued by entities owned by either a national, state, or equivalent
government or are obligations of a political unit that is not backed by the national government's full faith and credit and general taxing powers.
Other Investments and Strategies of
the Portfolio
In addition to the principal
strategies, the Subadviser also may use the following investments and strategies to try to increase the Portfolio's returns or protect its assets if market conditions warrant:
JUNK BONDS
. The Portfolio may invest up to 10% of its investable assets in non-investment grade bonds (also referred to herein as high-yield debt securities or junk bonds). Non-investment grade bonds
are debt securities that are rated BB or lower by S&P Ratings Services (S&P), Ba or lower by Moody's Investors Service, Inc. (Moody's), BB or lower by Fitch Ratings (Fitch) or, if unrated, are determined by
the Portfolio’s subadviser to be of comparable quality. If the rating of a debt obligation is downgraded after the Portfolio purchases it (or if the debt obligation is no longer rated), the Portfolio will not be
required to sell that security, but will take this fact into consideration in deciding whether the Portfolio should continue to hold the security. As set forth above, all references in this Prospectus to the ratings
categories for determining what constitutes a non-investment grade bond are without regard to gradations within those categories.
ZERO COUPON BONDS, PAY-IN-KIND
(PIK) AND DEFERRED PAYMENT SECURITIES
. The Portfolio may invest in zero coupon bonds, pay-in-kind (PIK) or deferred payment securities. Zero coupon bonds do not pay interest during the life of the security. An investor
purchases the security at a price that is less than the amount the investor will receive when the borrower repays the amount borrowed (face value). PIK securities pay interest in the form of additional securities.
Deferred payment securities pay regular interest after a predetermined date. The Portfolio will record the amount these securities rise in price each year (phantom income) for accounting and federal income tax
purposes, but does not receive income currently. Because the Portfolio generally distributes income to its shareholders each year, in certain circumstances, the Portfolio may have to dispose of its portfolio
securities under disadvantageous conditions or borrow to generate enough cash to distribute phantom income and the value of the paid-in-kind interest.
SHORT SALES
. The Portfolio may make short sales of a security. The Portfolio also may make short sales “against the box.”
CONVERTIBLE SECURITIES AND
PREFERRED STOCK
. The Portfolio may invest in convertible securities, which include preferred stocks and debt securities of a corporation that may be converted into underlying shares of common stock either
because they have warrants attached or otherwise permit the holder to buy common stock of the corporation at a set price. Convertible securities provide an income stream (usually lower than non-convertible bonds) and
give investors opportunities to participate in the capital appreciation of the underlying common stock. Convertible securities typically offer greater potential for appreciation than nonconvertible debt securities.
The Portfolio will sell common stock received upon conversion.
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS
. The Portfolio may use repurchase agreements, where a party agrees to sell a security to the Portfolio and then repurchases it at an agreed-upon price at a stated time.
REVERSE REPURCHASE
AGREEMENTS
. The Portfolio may use reverse repurchase agreements, where the Portfolio sells a security with an obligation to repurchase it at an agreed-upon price and time.
DOLLAR ROLLS
. The Portfolio may enter into dollar rolls.
BANK LOANS
. The Portfolio may invest in bank loans. Bank loans include fixed and floating rate loans that are privately negotiated between a corporate borrower and one or more financial institutions,
including, but not limited to, term loans, revolvers, delayed draw loans, synthetic letters of credit, and other instruments issued in the bank loan market. The Portfolio may acquire interests in loans directly (by
way of assignment from the selling institution) or indirectly (by way of the purchase of a participation interest from the selling institution). Under a bank loan assignment, the Portfolio generally will succeed to
all the rights and obligations of an assigning lending institution and becomes a lender under the loan agreement with the relevant borrower in connection with that loan. Under a bank loan participation, the Portfolio
generally will have a contractual relationship only with the lender, not with the relevant borrower. As a result, the Portfolio generally will have the right to receive payments of principal, interest, and any fees to
which it is entitled only from the lender selling the participation and only upon receipt by the lender of the payments from the relevant borrower.
WHEN-ISSUED AND DELAYED-DELIVERY
SECURITIES
. The Portfolio may purchase securities, including money market obligations or other obligations on a when-issued or delayed-delivery basis.
MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS
. The Portfolio may invest in money market instruments, including commercial paper of a US or foreign company, foreign government securities, certificates of deposit, bankers' acceptances,
time deposits of domestic and foreign banks, and obligations issued or guaranteed by the US government or its agencies. These obligations may be US dollar-denominated or denominated in a foreign currency.
TRACERS AND TRAINS
. Tradable Custodial Receipts or TRACERS represent an interest in a basket of investment grade corporate credits. Targeted Return Index Securities or TRAINS represent an interest in a basket
of high yield securities of varying credit quality. Interests in TRACERS and TRAINS provide a cost-effective alternative to purchasing individual issues.
ADDITIONAL STRATEGIES
. The Portfolio follows certain policies when it borrows money (the Portfolio can borrow up to 33 1∕3% of the value of its total assets); lends its securities to others (the Portfolio
can lend up to 33 1∕3% of the value of its total assets); and holds illiquid securities (the Portfolio may invest up to 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities, including securities with legal or
contractual restrictions on resale, those without a readily available market and repurchase agreements with maturities longer than seven days). The Subadviser seeks to maintain an adequate level of portfolio liquidity
for the Portfolio, based on all relevant facts and circumstances, with consideration given to the Portfolio's exposure to illiquid securities in the event the market value of such securities exceeds 15% of the
Portfolio's net assets due to an increase in the aggregate value of its illiquid securities and/or a
decline in the aggregate value of its other
portfolio securities. The Portfolio is subject to certain other investment restrictions that are fundamental policies, which means they cannot be changed without shareholder approval. For more information about these
restrictions, please see the SAI.
MORE DETAILED INFORMATION ABOUT OTHER INVESTMENTS
& STRATEGIES USED BY THE PORTFOLIO
Additional Investments &
Strategies
As indicated above, a Portfolio may
invest in the following types of securities and/or use the following investment strategies to increase returns or protect Portfolio assets if market conditions warrant.
American Depositary Receipts
(ADRs)
—Certificates representing the right to receive foreign securities that have been deposited with a US bank or a foreign branch of a US bank.
Asset-Backed Securities
—An asset-backed security is a type of pass-through instrument that pays interest based upon the cash flow of an underlying pool of assets, such as automobile loans or credit card
receivables. Asset-backed securities may also be collateralized by a portfolio of corporate bonds, including junk bonds, or other securities.
Collateralized Debt Obligations
(CDOs)
—A CDO is a security backed by an underlying portfolio of debt obligations, typically including one or more of the following types of investments: high yield securities, investment
grade securities, bank loans, futures or swaps. A CDO provides a single security that has the economic characteristics of a diversified portfolio. The cash flows generated by the collateral are used to pay interest
and principal to investors.
Collateralized Loan
Obligations (CLOs)—
A CLO is a trust typically collateralized by a pool of loans, which may include, among others, domestic and foreign senior secured loans, senior unsecured loans, and subordinate corporate
loans, as well as loans rated below investment grade or equivalent unrated loans. The risks of an investment in a CLO depend largely on the quality of the underlying loans and may be characterized by the Portfolio as
illiquid securities.
Convertible Debt and Convertible
Preferred Stock
—A convertible security is a security—for example, a bond or preferred stock—that may be converted into common stock, the cash value of common stock or some other security
of the same or different issuer. The convertible security sets the price, quantity of shares and time period in which it may be so converted. Convertible stock is senior to a company's common stock but is usually
subordinated to debt obligations of the company. Convertible securities provide a steady stream of income which is generally at a higher rate than the income on the company's common stock but lower than the rate on
the company's debt obligations. At the same time, convertible securities offer—through their conversion mechanism—the chance to participate in the capital appreciation of the underlying common stock. The
price of a convertible security tends to increase and decrease with the market value of the underlying common stock.
Credit Default Swaps
—In a credit default swap, a Portfolio and another party agree to exchange payment of the par (or other agreed-upon) value of a referenced debt obligation in the event of a default on
that debt obligation in return for a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract provided no event of default has occurred. See also “Swaps” defined below.
Credit-Linked Securities
—Credit linked securities are securities that are collateralized by one or more credit default swaps on corporate credits. A Portfolio has the right to receive periodic interest
payments from the issuer of the credit-linked security at an agreed-upon interest rate, and a return of principal at the maturity date. See also “Credit Default Swaps” defined above.
Depositary Receipts
—A Portfolio may invest in the securities of foreign issuers in the form of Depositary Receipts or other securities convertible into securities of foreign issuers. Depositary Receipts
may not necessarily be denominated in the same currency as the underlying securities into which they may be converted. American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) and American Depositary Shares (ADSs) are receipts or shares
typically issued by an American bank or trust company that evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by a foreign corporation. European Depositary Receipts (EDRs) are receipts issued in Europe that evidence a
similar ownership arrangement. Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs) are receipts issued throughout the world that evidence a similar arrangement. Generally, ADRs and ADSs, in registered form, are designed for use in the
U.S. securities markets, and EDRs, in
bearer form, are designed for use in European
securities markets. GDRs are tradable both in the United States and in Europe and are designed for use throughout the world. A Portfolio may invest in unsponsored Depositary Receipts. The issuers of unsponsored
Depositary Receipts are not obligated to disclose material information in the United States, and, therefore, there may be less information available regarding such issuers and there may not be a correlation between
such information and the market value of the Depositary Receipts. Depositary Receipts are generally subject to the same risks as the foreign securities that they evidence or into or for which they may be converted or
exchanged.
Derivatives
—A derivative is an instrument that derives its price, performance, value, or cash flow from one or more underlying securities or other interests. Derivatives involve costs and can be
volatile. With derivatives, the investment adviser tries to predict whether the underlying interest—a security, market index, currency, interest rate or some other benchmark—will go up or down at some
future date. A Portfolio may use derivatives to try to reduce risk or to increase return consistent with the Portfolio's overall investment objective. The adviser will consider other factors (such as cost) in deciding
whether to employ any particular strategy, or use any particular instrument. Any derivatives used may not fully offset a Portfolio's underlying positions and this could result in losses to the Portfolio that would not
otherwise have occurred.
Dollar Rolls
—Dollar rolls involve the sale by a Portfolio of a security for delivery in the current month with a promise to repurchase from the buyer a substantially similar—but not
necessarily the same—security at a set price and date in the future. During the “roll period,” the Portfolio does not receive any principal or interest on the security. Instead, it is compensated by
the difference between the current sales price and the price of the future purchase, as well as any interest earned on the cash proceeds from the original sale.
Energy Companies
—Companies that are involved in oil or gas exploration, production, refining or marketing, or any combination of the above are greatly affected by the prices and supplies of raw
materials such as oil or gas. The earnings and dividends of energy companies can fluctuate significantly as a result of international economics, politics and regulation.
Equity Swaps
—In an equity swap, a Portfolio and another party agree to exchange cash flow payments that are based on the performance of equities or an equity index. See also “Swaps”
defined below.
Event-Linked Bonds
—Event-linked bonds are fixed income securities for which the return of principal and payment of interest is contingent on the non-occurrence of a specific “trigger”
event, such as a hurricane, earthquake, or other physical or weather-related phenomenon. If a trigger event occurs, a Portfolio may lose a portion or all of its principal invested in the bond. Event-linked bonds often
provide for an extension of maturity to process and audit loss claims where a trigger event has, or possibly has, occurred. An extension of maturity may increase volatility. Event-linked bonds may also expose a
Portfolio to certain unanticipated risks including credit risk, adverse regulatory or jurisdictional interpretations, and adverse tax consequences. Event-linked bonds may also be subject to liquidity risk.
Exchange
Traded Funds
—An investment in an exchange traded fund (ETF) generally presents the same primary risks as an investment in a conventional mutual fund (i.e., one that is not exchange traded) that
has the same investment objectives, strategies and policies. The price of an ETF can fluctuate up or down, and a Portfolio could lose money investing in an ETF if the prices of the securities owned by the ETF go down.
In addition, ETFs may be subject to the following risks that do not apply to conventional mutual funds: (i) the market price of an ETF's shares may trade above or below their net asset value; (ii) an active trading
market for an ETF's shares may not develop or be maintained; or (iii) trading of an ETF's shares may be halted if the listing exchange's officials deem such action appropriate, the shares are delisted from the
exchange or the activation of market-wide “circuit breakers'' (which are tied to large decreases in stock prices) halts stock trading generally.
Financial Services Companies
—Financial services companies are subject to extensive government regulation that may affect their profitability in many ways, including by limiting the amount and types of loans and
other commitments they can make, and the interest rates and fees they can charge. A financial services company’s
profitability, and therefore its stock prices, is
especially sensitive to interest rate changes as well as the ability of borrowers to repay their loans. Changing regulations, continuing consolidations, and development of new products and structures all are likely to
have a significant impact on financial services companies.
Foreign Currency Forward
Contracts
—A foreign currency forward contract is an obligation to buy or sell a given currency on a future date at a set price. When a Portfolio enters into a contract for the purchase or sale
of a security denominated in a foreign currency, or when a Portfolio anticipates the receipt in a foreign currency of dividends or interest payments on a security which it holds, the Portfolio may desire to
”lock-in“ the US dollar price of the security or the US dollar equivalent of such dividend or interest payment, as the case may be. By entering into a forward contract for a fixed amount of dollars, for
the purchase or sale of the amount of foreign currency involved in the underlying transactions, the Portfolio will be able to protect itself against a possible loss resulting from an adverse change in the relationship
between the US dollar and the foreign currency during the period between the date on which the security is purchased or sold, or on which the dividend or interest payment is declared, and the date on which such
payments are made or received. At the maturity of a forward contract, a Portfolio may either sell the security and make delivery of the foreign currency or it may retain the security and terminate its contractual
obligation to deliver the foreign currency by purchasing an ”offsetting“ contract with the same currency trader obligating it to purchase, on the same maturity date, the same amount of the foreign
currency.
Futures Contracts
—A futures contract is an agreement to buy or sell a set quantity of an underlying product at a future date, or to make or receive a cash payment based on the value of a securities
index. When a futures contract is entered into, each party deposits with a futures commission merchant (or in a segregated account) approximately 5% of the contract amount. This is known as the ”initial
margin.“ Every day during the futures contract, either the buyer or the futures commission merchant will make payments of ”variation margin.“ In other words, if the value of the underlying security,
index or interest rate increases, then the buyer will have to add to the margin account so that the account balance equals approximately 5% of the value of the contract on that day. The next day, the value of the
underlying security, index or interest rate may decrease, in which case the borrower would receive money from the account equal to the amount by which the account balance exceeds 5% of the value of the contract on
that day. A stock index futures contract is an agreement between the buyer and the seller of the contract to transfer an amount of cash equal to the daily variation margin of the contract. No physical delivery of the
underlying stocks in the index is made.
Global Depositary Receipts
(GDRs)
—GDRs are receipts issued by a non-U.S. financial institution evidencing ownership of
underlying foreign securities and are usually denominated in foreign currencies. They may not be denominated in the same currency as the securities they represent. Generally, GDRs are
designed for use in the foreign securities markets. Investments in GDRs involve certain risks unique to foreign investments. These risks are set forth in the section entitled “Foreign and Emerging Markets
Risk” above.
Healthcare Technology
Companies
—These companies will be affected by government regulatory requirements, regulatory approval
for new drugs and medical products, patent considerations, product liability, and similar matters. In addition, this industry is characterized by competition and rapid technological
developments that may make a company’s products or services obsolete in a short period of time.
Illiquid Securities
—An illiquid security is one that may not be sold or disposed of in the ordinary course of business within seven days at approximately the price used to determine a Portfolio's net
asset value. Each Portfolio (other than the Money Market Portfolio) generally may invest up to 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities. The Money Market Portfolio may invest up to 5% of its net assets in illiquid
securities. Each Portfolio may purchase certain restricted securities that can be resold to institutional investors and which may be determined to be liquid pursuant to the procedures of the Portfolios. Those
securities are not subject to the 15% and 5% limits. The 15% and 5% limits are applied as of the date the Portfolio purchases an illiquid security. In the event the market value of a Portfolio's illiquid securities
exceeds the 15% or 5% limits due to an increase in the aggregate value of its illiquid securities and/or a decline in the aggregate value of its other securities, the Portfolio: (i) will not purchase additional
illiquid securities and (ii) will consider taking other appropriate steps to maintain adequate liquidity, including, without limitation, reducing its holdings of illiquid securities in an orderly fashion.
Inflation-Indexed Securities
—Inflation-indexed securities have a tendency to react to changes in real interest rates. Real interest rates represent nominal (stated) interest rates lowered by the anticipated
effect of inflation. In general, the price of an inflation-indexed security can decrease when real interest rates increase, and can increase when real interest rates decrease. Interest payments on inflation indexed
securities will fluctuate as the principal and/or interest is adjusted for inflation and can be unpredictable. Any increase in the principal amount of an inflation-protected debt security will be considered taxable
ordinary income, even though investors, such as a Portfolio, do not receive their principal until maturity.
Interest Rate Swaps
—In an interest rate swap, a Portfolio and another party agree to exchange interest payments. For example, the Portfolio may wish to exchange a floating rate of interest for a fixed
rate. See also “Swaps” defined below.
Joint Repurchase Account
—In a joint repurchase transaction, uninvested cash balances of various Portfolios are added together and invested in one or more repurchase agreements. Each of the participating
Portfolios receives a portion of the income earned in the joint account based on the percentage of its investment.
Loans and Assignments
—Loans are privately negotiated between a corporate borrower and one or more financial institutions. A Portfolio acquires interests in loans directly (by way of assignment from the
selling institution) or indirectly (by way of the purchase of a participation interest from the selling institution. Purchasers of loans depend primarily upon the creditworthiness of the borrower for payment of
interest and repayment of principal. If scheduled interest or principal payments are not made, the value of the instrument may be adversely affected. Interests in loans are also subject to additional liquidity risks.
Loans are not generally traded in organized exchange markets but are traded by banks and other institutional investors engaged in loan syndications. Consequently, the liquidity of a loan will depend on the liquidity
of these trading markets at the time that a Portfolio sells the loan.
In assignments, a Portfolio will
have no recourse against the selling institution, and the selling institution generally makes no representations about the underlying loan, the borrowers, the documentation or the collateral. In addition, the rights
against the borrower that are acquired by the Portfolio may be more limited than those held by the assigning lender.
Master Limited Partnerships
(MLPs)
—MLP investments may include, but are not limited to: MLPs structured as LPs or LLCs; MLPs that are taxed as “C” corporations; I-Units issued by MLP affiliates; parent
companies of MLPs; shares of companies owning MLP general partnership interests and other securities representing indirect beneficial ownership interests in MLP common units; “C” corporations that hold
significant interests in MLPs; and other equity and fixed income securities and derivative instruments, including pooled investment vehicles and ETPs, that provide exposure to MLP investments. MLPs generally own and
operate assets that are used in the energy sector, including assets used in exploring, developing, producing, generating, transporting (including marine), transmitting, terminal operation, storing, gathering,
processing, refining, distributing, mining or marketing of natural gas, natural gas liquids, crude oil, refined products, coal or electricity, or that provide energy related equipment or services. A Portfolio’s
MLP investments may be of any capitalization size.
Mortgage-Related Securities
—Mortgage-related securities are usually pass-through instruments that pay investors a share of all interest and principal payments from an underlying pool of fixed or adjustable rate
mortgages. The Portfolios may invest in mortgage-related securities issued and guaranteed by the US Government or its agencies and mortgage-backed securities issued by government sponsored enterprises such as Fannie
Mae, Ginnie Mae and debt securities issued by Freddie Macs that are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. The Portfolios may also invest in private mortgage-related securities that are not
guaranteed by US Governmental entities generally have one or more types of credit enhancement to ensure timely receipt of payments and to protect against default. The Portfolios may invest in mortgage-related
securities that are backed by a pool or pools of loans that are originated and/or serviced by an entity affiliated with the Manager or Subadviser.
Mortgage-related securities
include collateralized mortgage obligations, multi-class pass through securities and stripped mortgage-backed securities. A collateralized mortgage-backed obligation (CMO) is a security backed by an underlying
portfolio of mortgages or mortgage-backed securities that may be issued or guaranteed by entities such as banks, US Governmental entities or broker-dealers. A multi-class pass-through security is an equity interest in
a trust composed of underlying mortgage assets.
Payments of principal and interest
on the mortgage assets and any reinvestment income provide the money to pay debt service on the CMO or to make scheduled distributions on the multi-class pass-through security. A stripped mortgage-backed security (MBS
strip) may be issued by US Governmental entities or by private institutions. MBS strips take the pieces of a debt security (principal and interest) and break them apart. The resulting securities may be sold separately
and may perform differently. MBS strips are highly sensitive to changes in prepayment and interest rates.
Non-Voting Depositary Receipts
(NVDRs)
—NVDRs are listed securities on the Stock Exchange of Thailand through which investors
receive the same financial benefits as those who invest directly in a company’s ordinary shares; however, unlike ordinary shareholders, NVDR holders cannot be involved in company
decision-making. NVDRs are designed for use in the Thailand securities market. Investments in NVDRs involve certain risks unique to foreign investments. These risks are set forth in the section entitled “Foreign
and Emerging Markets Risk” above.
Options
—A call option on stock is a short-term contract that gives the option purchaser or “holder” the right to acquire a particular equity security for a specified price at any
time during a specified period. For this right, the option purchaser pays the option seller a certain amount of money or “premium” which is set before the option contract is entered into. The seller or
“writer” of the option is obligated to deliver the particular security if the option purchaser exercises the option. A put option on stock is a similar contract. In a put option, the option purchaser has
the right to sell a particular security to the option seller for a specified price at any time during a specified period. In exchange for this right, the option purchaser pays the option seller a premium. Options on
debt securities are similar to stock options except that the option holder has the right to acquire or sell a debt security rather than an equity security. Options on stock indexes are similar to options on stocks,
except that instead of giving the option holder the right to receive or sell a stock, it gives the holder the right to receive an amount of cash if the closing level of the stock index is greater than (in the case of
a call) or less than (in the case of a put) the exercise price of the option. The amount of cash the holder will receive is determined by multiplying the difference between the index's closing price and the option's
exercise price, expressed in dollars, by a specified “multiplier.” Unlike stock options, stock index options are always settled in cash, and gain or loss depends on price movements in the stock market
generally (or a particular market segment, depending on the index) rather than the price movement of an individual stock.
Participation Notes (P-Notes)
—P-Notes are a type of equity-linked derivative which generally are traded over-the-counter. Even though a P-Note is intended to reflect the performance of the underlying equity
securities, the performance of a P-Note will not replicate exactly the performance of the issuers or markets that the P-Note seeks to replicate due to transaction costs and other expenses. Investments in P-Notes
involve risks normally associated with a direct investment in the underlying securities. In addition, P-Notes are subject to counterparty risk, which is the risk that the broker-dealer or bank that issues the P-Notes
will not fulfill its contractual obligation to complete the transaction with a Portfolio.
Prepayment
—Debt securities are subject to prepayment risk when the issuer can “call” the security, or repay principal, in whole or in part, prior to the security’s maturity.
When a Portfolio reinvests the prepayments of principal it receives, it may receive a rate of interest that is lower than the rate on the existing security, potentially lowering the Portfolio’s income, yield and
its distributions to shareholders. Securities subject to prepayment may offer less potential for gains during a declining interest rate environment and have greater price volatility. Prepayment risk is greater in
periods of falling interest rates.
Private Investments in Public Equity
(PIPEs)
—A PIPE is an equity security in a private placement that are issued by issuers who have outstanding, publicly-traded equity securities of the same class. Shares in PIPEs generally
are not registered with the SEC until after a certain time period from the date the private sale is completed. This restricted
period can last many months. Until the public
registration process is completed, PIPEs are restricted as to resale and a Portfolio cannot freely trade the securities. Generally, such restrictions cause the PIPEs to be illiquid during this time. PIPEs may contain
provisions that the issuer will pay specified financial penalties to the holder if the issuer does not publicly register the restricted equity securities within a specified period of time, but there is no assurance
that the restricted equity securities will be publicly registered, or that the registration will remain in effect.
Real Estate Investment Trusts
(REITs)
—A REIT is a company that manages a portfolio of real estate to earn profits for its shareholders. Some REITs acquire equity interests in real estate and then receive income from
rents and capital gains when the buildings are sold. Other REITs lend money to real estate developers and receive interest income from the mortgages. Some REITs invest in both types of interests.
Repurchase Agreements
—In a repurchase transaction, a Portfolio agrees to purchase certain securities and the seller agrees to repurchase the same securities at an agreed upon price on a specified date.
This creates a fixed return for the Portfolio.
Reverse Repurchase Agreements
—In a reverse repurchase transaction, a Portfolio sells a security it owns and agrees to buy it back at a set price and date. During the period the security is held by the other
party, the Portfolio may continue to receive principal and interest payments on the security.
Short Sales
—In a short sale, a Portfolio sells a security it does not own to take advantage of an anticipated decline in the stock's price. A Portfolio borrows the stock for delivery and if it
can buy the stock later at a lower price, a profit results. A Portfolio that sells a security short in effect borrows and then sells the security with the expectation that it will later repurchase the security at a
lower price and then return the amount borrowed with interest. In contrast, when a Portfolio buys a security long, it purchases the security with cash with the expectation that it later will sell the security at a
higher price. A Portfolio that enters into short sales exposes the Portfolio to the risk that it will be required to buy the security sold short (also known as “covering” the short position) at a time when
the security has appreciated in value, thus resulting in a loss to the Portfolio. Theoretically, the amount of these losses can be unlimited. Although a Portfolio may try to reduce risk by holding both long and short
positions at the same time, it is possible that the Portfolio's securities held long will decline in value at the same time that the value of the Portfolio's securities sold short increases, thereby increasing the
potential for loss.
Short Sales Against-the-Box
—A short sale against the box involves selling a security that a Portfolio owns, or has the right to obtain without additional costs, for delivery at a specified date in the future. A
Portfolio may make a short sale against the box to hedge against anticipated declines in the market price of a portfolio security. If the value of the security sold short increases instead, the Portfolio loses the
opportunity to participate in the gain.
Swap Options
—A swap option is a contract that gives a counterparty the right (but not the obligation) to enter into a swap agreement or to shorten, extend cancel or otherwise modify an existing
swap agreement at some designated future time on specified terms. See also “Options” defined above.
Swaps
—Swap agreements are two party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging from a few weeks to more than one year. In a standard “swap”
transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on particular predetermined investments or instruments, which may be adjusted for an interest factor.
Credit Default Swaps, Equity Swaps, Interest Rate Swaps and Total Return Swaps are four types of swap agreements.
Temporary Defensive
Investments
—In response to adverse market, economic, or political conditions, a Portfolio may take a temporary defensive position and invest up to 100% of the Portfolio’s assets in money
market instruments, including short-term obligations of, or securities guaranteed by, the US Government, its agencies or instrumentalities or in high-quality obligations of banks and corporations, repurchase
agreements, or hold up to 100% of the Portfolio’s assets in cash, cash equivalents or shares of affiliated money market or short-term bond funds. Investing
heavily in these securities will limit the
subadviser’s ability to achieve a Portfolio’s investment objectives, but can help to preserve the Portfolio’s assets during adverse economic environments. The use of temporary defensive investments
may be inconsistent with a Portfolio’s investment objectives.
Total Return Swaps
—In a total return swap, payment (or receipt) of an index's total return is exchanged for the receipt (or payment) of a floating interest rate. See also “Swaps” defined
above.
Unrated Debt Securities
—Unrated debt securities determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality to rated securities which a Portfolio may purchase may pay a higher interest rate than such rated debt
securities and be subject to a greater risk of illiquidity or price changes. Less public information is typically available about unrated securities or issuers.
Utilities Industry
—Utility company equity securities, which are generally purchased for their dividend yield, historically have been sensitive to interest rate movements: when interest rates have
risen, the stock prices of these companies have tended to fall. In some states, utility companies and their rates are regulated; other states have moved to deregulate such companies thereby causing non-regulated
companies’ returns to generally be more volatile and more sensitive to changes in revenue and earnings. Certain utilities companies face risks associated with the operation of nuclear facilities for electric
generation, including, among other considerations, litigation, the problems associated with the use of radioactive materials and the effects of natural or man-made disasters. In general, all utility companies may face
additional regulation and litigation regarding their power plant operations; increased costs from new or greater regulation of these operations; the need to purchase expensive emissions control equipment or new
operations due to regulations, and the availability and cost of fuel, all of which may lower their earnings.
When-Issued and Delayed Delivery
Securities
—With when-issued or delayed delivery securities, the delivery and payment can take place a month or more after the date of the transaction. A Portfolio will make commitments for
when-issued transactions only with the intention of actually acquiring the securities. A Portfolio's custodian will maintain in a segregated account, liquid assets having a value equal to or greater than such
commitments. If a Portfolio chooses to dispose of the right to acquire a when-issued security prior to its acquisition, it could, as with the disposition of any other security, incur a gain or loss.
PRINCIPAL RISKS
The risks identified below are the
principal risks of investing in the Portfolio. This section provides more detailed information about each risk.
All investments have risks to some
degree and it is possible that you could lose money by investing in the Portfolio. An investment in the Portfolio is not a deposit with a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation or any other government agency. While the Portfolio makes every effort to achieve its objective, the Portfolio cannot guarantee success.
Asset-Backed and/or Mortgage-Backed
Securities Risk
. Asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities are fixed income securities that represent an interest in an underlying pool of assets, such as credit card receivables or, in the case of
mortgage-backed securities, mortgage loans on residential and/or commercial real estate. Asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities are subject to interest rate risk, credit risk and liquidity risk, which are further
described under Fixed Income Securities Risk.
Asset-backed and mortgage-backed
securities may also be subject to prepayment and extension risks. In a period of declining interest rates, borrowers may repay principal on mortgages or other loan obligations underlying a security more quickly than
anticipated, which may require a Portfolio to reinvest the repayment proceeds in securities that pay lower interest rates (prepayment risk). In a period of rising interest rates, prepayments may occur at a slower rate
than expected, which may prevent a Portfolio from reinvesting repayment proceeds in securities that pay higher interest rates (extension risk). The more a Portfolio invests in longer-term securities, the more likely
it will be affected by changes in interest rates, which may result in lower than anticipated yield-to-maturity and expected returns as well as reduced market value of such securities.
The risks associated with
investments in asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities, particularly credit risk, are heightened in connection with investments in loans to “subprime” borrowers or borrowers with blemished credit
histories. Some mortgage-backed securities receive government or private support, but there is no assurance that such support will remain in place.
Mortgage-backed securities are a
specific type of asset-backed security—one backed by mortgage loans on residential and/or commercial real estate. Therefore, they also have risks related to real estate, including significant sensitivity to
changes in real estate prices and interest rates and, in the case of commercial mortgages, office and factory occupancy rates. Moreover, securities backed by mortgages issued by private, non-government issuers may
experience higher rates of default on the underlying mortgages than government issued mortgages because private issuer mortgage loans often do not meet the underwriting standards of government-issued mortgages.
Private issuer mortgage-backed securities may include loans on commercial or residential properties.
A Portfolio may invest in
securities issued or guaranteed by the US government or its agencies and instrumentalities, such as the Government National Mortgage Association (Ginnie Mae), the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae), or
the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac). Unlike Ginnie Mae securities, securities issued or guaranteed by US government-related organizations such as Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac are not backed by the
full faith and credit of the US government, and no assurance can be given that the US government would provide financial support to such securities.
Asset Transfer Program Risk.
The Portfolios may be used in connection with certain benefit programs under the Contracts. In order for the Participating Insurance Companies to manage the guarantees offered in connection
with these benefit programs, the Participating Insurance Companies generally require Contract owners to participate in certain specialized asset transfer programs under which the Participating Insurance Companies will
monitor each Contract owner’s account value and, if necessary, will systematically transfer amounts among investment options. The transfers are based on pre-determined, non-discretionary mathematical formulas
which generally focus on the amounts guaranteed at specific future dates or the present value of the estimated lifetime payments to be made.
As an example of how the asset
transfer formulas operate under certain market environments, a downturn in the equity markets (i.e., a reduction in a Contract owner’s account value within the selected investment options) and certain market
return scenarios involving “flat” returns over a period of time may cause the Participating Insurance Companies to transfer some or all of such Contract owner’s account value to a fixed-income
investment option. In general terms, such transfers are designed to ensure that an appropriate percentage of the projected guaranteed amounts are supported by fixed-income investments. The formulas may also trigger
transfers from a fixed-income investment option back to selected equity and asset allocation options. Under some benefits using bond investment options with specific maturities, the transfer formulas may transfer
account value among bond investment options with differing maturities based on guarantee calculations, not necessarily market movements. For more information on the benefit programs and asset transfer formulas, please
see your Contract prospectus.
These formulas may result in
large-scale asset flows into and out of the Portfolios, which, in certain instances, could adversely affect the Portfolios, including their risk profiles, expenses and performance. For example, the asset flows may
adversely affect performance by requiring a Portfolio to purchase or sell securities at inopportune times, by otherwise limiting a subadviser’s ability to fully implement a Portfolio’s investment
strategies, or by requiring a Portfolio to hold a larger portion of its assets in highly liquid securities than it otherwise would hold. The asset flows may cause high turnover, which can result in transaction costs.
The asset flows may also result in low asset levels and high operating expense ratios for a Portfolio. The asset flows could remove all or substantially all of the assets of the Portfolio. The efficient operation of
the asset flows depends on active and liquid markets. If market liquidity is strained, the assets flows may not operate as intended. For example, it is possible that illiquid markets or other market stress could cause
delays in the transfer of cash from one Portfolio to another Portfolio, which in turn could adversely affect performance.
Derivatives Risk
. A derivative is a financial contract, the value of which depends upon, or is derived from, the value of one or more underlying investments, such as an asset, reference rate, or index, and
may relate to stocks, bonds, interest rates, currencies, and currency exchange rates. Derivatives in which the Portfolios may invest include exchange-traded instruments as well as privately negotiated instruments,
also called over-the-counter instruments. Examples of derivatives include options, futures, forward agreements, interest rate swap agreements, credit default swap agreements, and credit-linked securities. A Portfolio
may, but is not required to, use derivatives to earn income or enhance returns, manage or adjust its risk profile, replace more traditional direct investments, or obtain exposure to certain markets. The use of
derivatives to seek to earn income or enhance returns may be considered speculative.
The use of derivatives involves a
variety of risks and costs that are different from, or possibly greater than, investing directly in traditional equity and debt securities, including:
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Counterparty credit risk
. There is a risk that the counterparty (the party on the other side of the transaction) on a derivative transaction will be unable to honor its financial obligation to a Portfolio. This
risk is especially important in the context of privately negotiated instruments. For example, a Portfolio would be exposed to counterparty credit risk to the extent it enters into a credit default swap, that is, it
purchases protection against a default by a debt issuer, and the swap counterparty does not maintain adequate reserves to cover such a default.
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Leverage risk
. Certain derivatives and related trading strategies create debt obligations similar to borrowings, and therefore create, leverage. Leverage can result in losses to a Portfolio that exceed
the amount the Portfolio originally invested. To mitigate leverage risk, a Portfolio will segregate liquid assets or otherwise cover the transactions that may give rise to such risk. The use of leverage may cause a
Portfolio to liquidate Portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation or coverage requirements.
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Liquidity and valuation risk
. Certain exchange-traded derivatives may be difficult or impossible to buy or sell at the time that the seller would like, or at the price that the seller believes the derivative is
currently worth. Privately negotiated instruments may be difficult to terminate, and from time to time, a Portfolio may find it difficult to enter into a transaction that would offset the losses incurred by another
derivative that it holds. Derivatives, and especially privately negotiated instruments, also involve the risk of incorrect valuation (that is, the value assigned to the derivative may not always reflect its risks or
potential rewards).
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Hedging risk
. Hedging is a strategy in which a Portfolio uses a derivative to offset the risks associated with its other portfolio holdings. While hedging can reduce losses, it can also reduce or
eliminate gains or magnify losses if the market moves in a manner different from that anticipated by the Portfolio. Hedging also involves the
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risk that changes in the value of the derivative will not match the value of the holdings being hedged, to the extent expected by the Portfolio, in which case any losses on the holdings being hedged may not be
reduced and in fact may be increased. No assurance can be given that any hedging strategy will reduce risk or that hedging transactions will be either available or cost effective. A Portfolio is not required to use
hedging and may choose not to do so.
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Commodity risk
. A commodity-linked derivative instrument is a financial instrument, the value of which is determined by the value of one or more commodities, such as precious metals and agricultural
products, or an index of various commodities. The prices of these instruments historically have been affected by, among other things, overall market movements or fluctuations, such as demand, supply disruptions and
speculation, and changes in interest and exchange rates. Commodity-linked derivative instruments may be more volatile than investments in traditional equity and debt securities.
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Expense Risk
. Your actual cost of investing in a Portfolio may be higher than the expenses shown in “Annual Portfolio Operating Expenses” for a variety of reasons. For example, portfolio
operating expense ratios may be higher than those shown if a Portfolio’s average net assets decrease, fee waivers or expense limitations change, or the Portfolio incurs more expenses than expected.
Fixed Income Securities Risk
. Investment in fixed income securities involves a variety of risks, including credit risk, liquidity risk and interest rate risk.
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Credit risk
. Credit risk is the risk that an issuer or guarantor of a security will be unable to pay principal and interest when due, or that the value of the security will suffer because investors
believe the issuer is less able to make required principal and interest payments. Credit ratings are intended to provide a measure of credit risk. However, credit ratings are only the opinions of the credit rating
agency issuing the ratings and are not guarantees as to quality. The lower the rating of a debt security held by a Portfolio, the greater the degree of credit risk that is perceived to exist by the credit rating
agency with respect to that security. Increasing the amount of Portfolio assets allocated lower-rated securities generally will increase the credit risk to which a Portfolio is subject. Information on the ratings
issued to debt securities by certain credit rating agencies is included in Appendix I to the Statement of Additional Information (SAI). Not all securities are rated. In the event that the relevant credit rating
agencies assign different ratings to the same security, a Portfolio’s subadviser may determine which rating it believes best reflects the security’s quality and risk at that time. Some but not all US
government securities are insured or guaranteed by the US government, while others are only insured or guaranteed by the issuing agency, which must rely on its own resources to repay the debt. Although credit risk may
be lower for US government securities than for other investment-grade securities, the return may be lower.
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Liquidity risk
. Liquidity risk is the risk that a Portfolio may not be able to sell some or all of the securities it holds, either at the price it values the security or at any price. Liquidity risk also
includes the risk that there may be delays in selling a security, if it can be sold at all.
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Interest rate risk.
Interest rate risk is the risk that the rates of interest income generated by the fixed income investments of a Portfolio may decline due to a decrease in market interest rates and that the
market prices of the fixed income investments of a Portfolio may decline due to an increase in market interest rates. Generally, the longer the maturity of a fixed income security, the greater is the decline in its
value when rates increase. As a result, portfolios with longer durations and longer weighted average maturities generally have more volatile share prices than portfolios with shorter durations and shorter weighted
average maturities. The prices of fixed income securities generally move in the opposite direction to that of market interest rates. Certain securities acquired by a Portfolio may pay interest at a variable rate or
the principal amount of the security periodically adjusts according to the rate of inflation or other measure. In either case, the interest rate at issuance is generally lower than the fixed interest rate of bonds of
similar seniority from the same issuer; however, variable interest rate securities generally are subject to a lower risk that their value will decrease during periods of increasing interest rates and increasing
inflation. A Portfolio may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates due to the current period of historically low interest rates. Changes in government policies, such as raising the federal funds rate
and/or revising “quantitative easing” measures aimed at stimulating the economy, may increase interest rates which are currently at or near historical lows.
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High-Yield Risk
. Investments in high-yield securities and unrated securities of similar credit quality (commonly known as “high yield securities” or “junk bonds”) may be subject to
greater levels of interest rate, credit and liquidity risk than investments in investment grade securities. High-yield securities are considered predominantly speculative
with respect to the issuer’s continuing
ability to make principal and interest payments. An economic downturn or period of rising interest rates could adversely affect the market for high-yield securities and reduce a Portfolio’s ability to sell its
high-yield securities. In addition, the market for lower-rated bonds may be thinner and less active than the market for higher-rated bonds, and the prices of lower-rated bonds may fluctuate more than the prices of
higher-rated bonds, particularly in times of market stress.
Liquidity and Valuation Risk
. From time to time, a Portfolio may hold one or more securities for which there are no or few buyers and sellers or the securities are subject to limitations on transfer. In those cases, a
Portfolio may have difficulty determining the values of those securities for the purpose of determining a Portfolio’s net asset value. A Portfolio also may have difficulty disposing of those securities at the
values determined by the Portfolio for the purpose of determining the Portfolio’s net asset value, especially during periods of significant net redemptions of Portfolio shares. For example, private equity
investments and private real estate-related investments are generally considered illiquid and generally cannot be readily sold. As a result, private real estate-related investments owned by a Portfolio may be valued
at fair value pursuant to guidelines established by the Portfolio’s Board of Trustees. No assurance can be given that the fair value prices accurately reflect the price a Portfolio would receive upon the sale of
the investment.
Portfolios with principal
investment strategies that involve foreign securities, private placement investments, derivatives or securities with substantial market and/or credit risk tend to have the greatest exposure to liquidity and valuation
risk.
Market and Management Risk
. Market risk is the risk that the markets in which the Portfolios invest will experience market volatility and go down in value, including the possibility that a market will go down
sharply and unpredictably. All markets go through cycles, and market risk involves being on the wrong side of a cycle. Factors affecting market risk include political events, broad economic and social changes, and the
mood of the investing public. If investor sentiment turns negative, the price of all securities may decline. Management risk is the risk that the investment strategy or PI or a subadviser will not work as intended.
All decisions by PI or a subadviser require judgment and are based on imperfect information. In addition, Portfolios managed using an investment model are subject to the risk that the investment model may not perform
as expected.
Recent Events Risk
. The ongoing financial and debt crises have caused increased volatility and significant declines in the value and liquidity of many securities in US and foreign financial markets. This
environment could make identifying investment risks and opportunities especially difficult. These market conditions may continue or get worse. In response to these crises, the US and other governments, and their
agencies and instrumentalities such as the Federal Reserve and certain foreign central banks, have taken steps to support financial markets. The reduction or withdrawal of these measures could negatively affect the
overall economy and/or the value and liquidity of certain securities. In addition, the impact of legislation enacted in the United States calling for reform of many aspects of financial regulation, and the
corresponding regulatory changes on the markets and the practical implications for market participants, may not be known for some time.
Regulatory Risk
. Each Portfolio is subject to a variety of laws and regulations which govern its operations. Each Portfolio is subject to regulation by the SEC, and certain Portfolios are subject to
regulation by the CFTC. Similarly, the businesses and other issuers of the securities and other instruments in which a Portfolio invests are also subject to considerable regulation. These laws and regulations are
subject to change. A change in laws and regulations may materially impact a Portfolio, a security, business, sector or market. For example, a change in laws or regulations made by the government or a regulatory body
may impact the ability of a Portfolio to achieve its investment objective, or may impact a Portfolio’s investment policies and/or strategies, or may reduce the attractiveness of an investment.
US Government Securities Risk
. US Treasury obligations are backed by the “full faith and credit” of the US Government. Securities issued or guaranteed by federal agencies or authorities and US
Government-sponsored instrumentalities or enterprises may or may not be backed by the full faith and credit of the US Government. For example, securities issued by the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, the
Federal National Mortgage
Association and the Federal Home Loan Banks are
neither insured nor guaranteed by the US Government. These securities may be supported by the ability to borrow from the US Treasury or only by the credit of the issuing agency, authority, instrumentality or
enterprise and, as a result, are subject to greater credit risk than securities issued or guaranteed by the US Treasury.
HOW THE TRUST IS MANAGED
Board of Trustees
The Board oversees the actions of
the investment manager and the Subadviser, and decides on general policies. The Board also oversees the Trust's officers who conduct and supervise the daily business operations of the Trust.
Investment Manager
Prudential Investments LLC (PI)
, 655 Broad Street, Newark, New Jersey, serves as the investment manager (the Manager) of the Portfolio. PI and AST Investment Services, Inc. (ASTIS) serve as co-investment managers for
each of the other portfolios of the Trust not covered by this prospectus, except for the AST Schroders Global Tactical Portfolio, AST AQR Emerging Markets Equity Portfolio, AST BlackRock Multi-Asset Income Portfolio,
AST FQ Absolute Return Currency Portfolio, AST Franklin Templeton K2 Global Absolute Return Portfolio, AST Goldman Sachs Global Growth Allocation Portfolio, AST Goldman Sachs Strategic Income Portfolio, AST Legg Mason
Diversified Growth Portfolio, AST Prudential Flexible Multi-Strategy Portfolio, AST T. Rowe Price Diversified Real Growth, AST QMA International Core Equity Portfolio, AST Bond Portfolio 2026, AST AB Global Bond
Portfolio, AST Columbia Adaptive Risk Allocation Portfolio, AST Emerging Managers Diversified Portfolio, AST Goldman Sachs Global Income Portfolio, AST Ivy Asset Strategy Portfolio, AST Managed Alternatives Portfolio,
AST Morgan Stanley Multi-Asset Portfolio, AST Neuberger Berman Long/Short Portfolio, AST Wellington Management Global Bond Portfolio and the AST Wellington Management Real Total Return Portfolio for which PI serves as
the sole investment manager.
ASTIS has been in business
providing advisory services since 1992. PI has been in business providing advisory services since 1996.
PI has registered with the
National Futures Association (NFA) as a “commodity pool operator” under the Commodities Exchange Act (CEA) with respect to the AST AQR Emerging Markets Equity Portfolio, the AST Schroders Global Tactical
Portfolio, the AST Franklin Templeton K2 Global Absolute Return Portfolio, the AST FQ Absolute Return Currency Portfolio, the AST Goldman Sachs Global Growth Allocation Portfolio, the AST Columbia Adaptive Risk
Allocation Portfolio, the AST Managed Alternatives Portfolio, the AST Morgan Stanley Multi-Asset Portfolio and the AST Wellington Management Real Total Return Portfolio.
The Trust's Investment Management
Agreement with the Manager on behalf of the Portfolio (the Management Agreement), provides that the Manager will furnish the Portfolio with investment advice and administrative services subject to the supervision of
the Board and in conformity with the stated policies of the applicable Portfolio. The Manager must also provide, or obtain and supervise, the executive, administrative, accounting, custody, transfer agent and
shareholder servicing services that are deemed advisable by the Board.
The Manager has engaged the
Subadviser to conduct the investment programs of the Portfolio, including the purchase, retention and sale of portfolio securities and other financial instruments. The Manager is responsible for monitoring the
activities of the Subadviser and reporting on such activities to the Board. The Trust has obtained an exemption from the SEC that permits the Manager, subject to approval by the Board, to change Subadvisers for the
Portfolio by entering into new subadvisory agreements with affiliated and non-affiliated subadvisers, without obtaining shareholder approval of such changes. This exemption (which is similar to exemptions granted to
other investment companies that are organized in a manner similar to the Trust) is intended to facilitate the efficient supervision and management of the Subadviser by the Manager and the Board. PI also participates
in the day-to-day management of the Portfolio, as noted both in the Summary section for the Portfolio earlier in this Prospectus and the “Portfolio Managers” section later in this Prospectus.
Once available, a discussion
regarding the basis for the Board's initial approval of the Management Agreement and subadvisory agreement will be available in the Trust's semi-annual report for the period ended June 30, 2016.
Investment Subadvisers
The Portfolio’s Subadviser
provides the day-to-day investment management of the Portfolio. PI also participates in the day-to-day management of the Portfolio, as noted in the “Portfolio Managers” section later in this Prospectus.
The Manager pays the investment Subadviser a subadvisory fee out of the fee that the Manager receives from the Trust. The investment Subadviser for the Portfolio of the Trust is described below:
PGIM, Inc.
(PGIM)
(formerly Prudential Investment Management, Inc.) is an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Prudential Financial, Inc. PGIM was formed in June 1984 and was registered with the SEC as an
investment adviser in December 1984. The Fixed Income unit of PGIM (Prudential Fixed Income) is the principal public fixed income asset management unit of PGIM and is responsible for the management of the Portfolio.
As of September 30, 2015, PGIM had approximately $947 billion in assets under management. PGIM's address is 655 Broad Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102.
Portfolio Managers
Information about
the portfolio managers responsible for the day-to-day management of the Portfolio is set forth below. In addition to the information set forth below, the Portfolio's SAI provides additional information about each
portfolio manager's compensation, other accounts managed by each portfolio manager, and each portfolio manager's ownership of shares of the Trust's Portfolio.
Richard Piccirillo, Malcolm
Dalrymple, Erik Schiller and David Del Vecchio are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Portfolio.
Richard Piccirillo is a Principal
and senior portfolio manager for Prudential Fixed Income’s Core, Long Government/Credit, Core Plus, Absolute Return, and other multi-sector Fixed Income strategies. Mr. Piccirillo has specialized in mortgage-and
asset- backed securities since joining Prudential Financial in 1993. Before joining Prudential Financial, Mr. Piccirillo was a fixed income analyst with Fischer Francis Trees & Watts. Mr. Piccirillo started his
career as a financial analyst at Smith Barney. He received a BBA in Finance from George Washington University and an MBA in Finance and International Business from New York University.
Malcolm Dalrymple is Principal and
corporate bond portfolio manager for the Investment Grade Corporate Team and is responsible for intermediate and short corporate strategies as well as corporate security selection in intermediate multi-sector, Core,
and Core Plus portfolios. He has specialized in corporate bonds since 1990. From 1983 to 1990, Mr. Dalrymple was a money markets portfolio manager. He joined Prudential Financial in 1979 as a securities lending trader
and a bank analyst. Mr. Dalrymple received a BS in Finance from the University of Delaware and an MBA in Finance from Rutgers University.
Erik Schiller,
CFA, is a Managing Director and Head of Developed Market Interest Rates for Prudential Fixed Income's Multi-Sector and Liquidity Team, specializing in government securities, futures, interest rate swaps/derivatives,
and agency debentures. Mr. Schiller holds a senior portfolio management role, where he develops portfolio strategy, performs quantitative analysis, and designs and implements risk positions within the liquidity
relative value strategy portfolios, multi-sector fixed income portfolios, liability-driven portfolios, and government securities focused mutual funds. He has held this role since 2006. Formerly, Mr. Schiller was a
Vice President for Prudential Fixed Income's U.S. Liquidity Sector Team, and previously a hedge fund analyst within the Portfolio Analysis Group. Mr. Schiller joined Prudential Financial in 2000 as an operations
associate in the mortgage-backed securities group. He received a BA with high honors in Economics from Hobart College and holds the Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) designation.
David Del Vecchio is a Principal
and portfolio manager for Prudential Fixed Income’s Investment Grade Corporate Bond Team. Mr. Del Vecchio’s responsibilities include intermediate and short corporate strategies as well as corporate
security selection in intermediate and short multi-sector strategies. Prior to his current role, Mr. Del Vecchio was a taxable money markets portfolio manager for the Money Markets Group, responsible for managing
proprietary fixed income accounts, as well as the securities lending portfolios. Prior to joining the Money Markets Group in 2000, he was responsible for the lending/repurchase agreements of US government, agency, and
STRIP securities in Prudential Fixed Income’s Securities Lending Group. Mr. Del Vecchio joined Prudential Financial in 1995. He received a BS in Business Administration with a specialization in Finance from The
College of New Jersey, and an MBA in Finance from New York University.
HOW TO BUY AND SELL SHARES OF THE PORTFOLIO
Purchasing and Redeeming
PORTFOLIO Shares
The way to invest in is through
certain variable life insurance and variable annuity contracts. Together with this prospectus, you should have received a prospectus for such a Contract. You should refer to that prospectus for further information on
investing in the Portfolios.
Shares are redeemed for cash
within seven days of receipt of a proper notice of redemption or sooner if required by law. There is no redemption charge. We may suspend the right to redeem shares or receive payment when the New York Stock Exchange
(NYSE) is closed (other than weekends or holidays), when trading on the NYSE is restricted, or as permitted by the SEC.
Redemption in Kind
The Trust may pay the redemption
price to shareholders of record (generally, the insurance company separate accounts holding Trust shares) in whole or in part by a distribution in-kind of securities from the relevant investment portfolio of the
Trust, in lieu of cash, in conformity with applicable rules of the SEC and procedures adopted by the Board. Securities will be readily marketable and will be valued in the same manner as in a regular redemption.
If shares are redeemed in kind,
the recipient will incur transaction costs in converting such assets into cash. These procedures govern the redemption by the shareholder of record, generally an insurance company separate account. The procedures do
not affect payments by an insurance company to a contract owner under a variable contract.
Frequent Purchases or
Redemptions of Portfolio Shares
The Trust is part of the group of
investment companies advised by PI that seeks to prevent patterns of frequent purchases and redemptions of shares by its investors (the PI funds). Frequent purchases and redemptions may adversely affect the investment
performance and interests of long-term investors in the Portfolios. When an investor engages in frequent or short-term trading, the PI funds may have to sell portfolio securities to have the cash necessary to pay the
redemption amounts. This may cause the PI funds to sell Portfolio securities at inopportune times, hurting their investment performance. When large dollar amounts are involved, frequent trading can also make it
difficult for the PI funds to use long-term investment strategies because they cannot predict how much cash they will have to invest. In addition, if a PI fund is forced to liquidate investments due to short-term
trading activity, it may incur increased transaction and tax costs.
Similarly, the PI funds may bear
increased administrative costs as a result of the asset level and investment volatility that accompanies patterns of short-term trading. Moreover, frequent or short-term trading by certain investors may cause dilution
in the value of PI fund shares held by other investors. PI funds that invest in foreign securities may be particularly susceptible to frequent trading, because time zone differences among international stock markets
can allow an investor engaging in short-term trading to exploit fund share prices that may be based on closing prices of foreign securities established some time before the fund calculates its own share price. PI
funds that invest in certain fixed income securities, such as high-yield bonds or certain asset-backed securities, may also constitute effective vehicles for an investor's frequent trading strategies.
The Boards of Directors/Trustees
of the PI funds, including the Trust, have adopted policies and procedures designed to discourage or prevent frequent trading by investors. The policies and procedures for the Trust are limited, however, because the
Trust does not directly sell its shares directly to the public. Instead, Portfolio shares are sold only to insurance company separate accounts that fund variable annuity contracts and variable life insurance policies.
Therefore, Participating Insurance Companies, not the Trust, maintain the individual contract owner account records. Each Participating Insurance Company submits to the Trust's transfer agent daily aggregate orders
combining the transactions of many contract owners. Therefore, the Trust and its transfer agent do not monitor trading by individual contract owners.
Under the Trust's policies and
procedures, the Trust has notified each Participating Insurance Company that the Trust expects the insurance company to impose restrictions on transfers by contract owners. The current Participating Insurance
Companies are Prudential and two insurance companies not affiliated with Prudential. The Trust may add additional Participating Insurance Companies in the future. The Trust receives reports on the trading restrictions
imposed by Prudential on variable contract owners investing in the Portfolios, and the Trust monitors the aggregate cash flows received from unaffiliated insurance companies. In addition, the Trust has entered
shareholder information agreements with Participating Insurance Companies as required by Rule 22c-2 under the 1940 Act. Under these agreements, the Participating Insurance Companies have agreed to: (i) provide certain
information regarding contract owners who engage in transactions involving Portfolio shares and (ii) execute any instructions from the Trust to restrict or prohibit further purchases or exchanges of Portfolio shares
by contract owners who have been identified by the Trust as having engaged in transactions in Portfolio shares that violate the Trust's frequent trading policies and procedures. The Trust and its transfer agent also
reserve the right to reject all or a portion of a purchase order from a Participating Insurance Company. If a purchase order is rejected, the purchase amount will be returned to the insurance company.
The Trust also employs fair value
pricing procedures to deter frequent trading. Those procedures are described in more detail under “Net Asset Value,” below.
The AST Bond Portfolio 2027 may be
used in connection with certain living benefit programs, including, without limitation, certain “guaranteed minimum accumulation benefit” programs and certain “guaranteed minimum withdrawal
benefit” programs. In order for the Participating Insurance Companies to manage the guarantees offered in connection with these benefit programs, the Participating Insurance Companies generally: (i) limit the
number and types of variable sub-accounts in which contract holders may allocate their account values (referred to in this Prospectus as the Permitted Sub-Accounts) and (ii) require contract holders to participate in
certain specialized asset transfer programs. Under these asset transfer programs, the Participating Insurance Companies will monitor each contract owner's account value from time to time and, if necessary, will
systematically transfer amounts among the Permitted Sub-Accounts as dictated by certain non-discretionary mathematical formulas. These mathematical formulas will generally focus on the amounts guaranteed at specific
future dates or the present value of the estimated lifetime payments to be made, as applicable.
As an example of how these asset
transfer programs will operate under certain market environments, a downturn in the equity markets (i.e., a reduction in a contract holder's account value within the Permitted Sub-Accounts) and certain market return
scenarios involving “flat” returns over a period of time may cause Participating Insurance Companies to transfer some or all of such contract owner's account value to the AST Bond Portfolio 2027. In
general terms, such transfers are designed to ensure that an appropriate percentage of the projected guaranteed amounts are offset by assets in investments like the AST Bond Portfolio 2027.
The above-referenced asset
transfer programs are an important part of the guarantees offered in connection with the applicable living benefit programs. Such asset transfers may, however, result in large-scale asset flows into and out of the AST
Bond Portfolio 2027. Such asset transfers could adversely affect the AST Bond Portfolio 2027’s investment performance by requiring the investment adviser or Subadviser to purchase and sell securities at
inopportune times and by otherwise limiting the ability of the investment adviser or Subadviser to fully implement the AST Bond Portfolio 2027’s investment strategies. In addition, these asset transfers may
result in relatively small asset bases and relatively high transaction costs and operating expense ratios for AST Bond Portfolio 2027 compared to other similar funds.
Investors seeking to engage in
frequent trading activities may use a variety of strategies to avoid detection and, despite the efforts of the Trust and the Participating Insurance Companies to prevent such trading, there is no guarantee that the
Trust or the Participating Insurance Companies will be able to identify these investors or curtail their trading practices. Therefore, some Trust investors may be able to engage in frequent trading, and, if they do,
the other Trust investors would bear any harm caused by that frequent trading. The Trust does not have any arrangements intended to permit trading in contravention of the policies described above.
For information about the trading
limitations applicable to you, please see the prospectus for your contract or contact your insurance company.
Net Asset Value
Any purchase or sale of Portfolio
shares is made at the net asset value, or NAV, of such shares. The price at which a purchase or redemption is made is based on the next calculation of the NAV after the order is received in good order. The NAV of each
share class of each Portfolio is determined on each day the NYSE is open for trading as of the close of the exchange's regular trading session (which is generally 4:00 p.m. New York time). The NYSE is closed on most
national holidays and Good Friday. The Trust does not price, and shareholders will not be able to purchase or redeem, the Trust's shares on days when the NYSE is closed but the primary markets for the Trust's foreign
securities are open, even though the value of these securities may have changed. Conversely, the Trust will ordinarily price its shares, and shareholders may purchase and redeem shares, on days that the NYSE is open
but foreign securities markets are closed.
The securities held by each of the
Trust's portfolios are valued based upon market quotations or, if not readily available, at fair value as determined in good faith under procedures established by the Board. The Trust may use fair value pricing if it
determines that a market quotation is not reliable based, among other things, on market conditions that occur after the quotation is derived or after the closing of the primary market on which the security is traded,
but before the time that the NAV is determined. This use of fair value pricing commonly occurs with securities that are primarily traded outside of the US, because such securities present time-zone arbitrage
opportunities when events or conditions affecting the prices of specific securities or the prices of securities traded in such markets generally occur after the close of the foreign markets but prior to the time that
a Portfolio determines its NAV.
The Trust may also use fair value
pricing with respect to US traded securities if, for example, trading in a particular security is halted and does not resume before a Portfolio calculates its NAV or the exchange on which a security is traded closes
early. In addition, fair value pricing is used for securities where the pricing agent or principal market maker does not provide a valuation or methodology or provides a valuation or methodology that, in the judgment
of PI (or Subadviser) does not represent fair value. Different valuation methods may result in differing values for the same security. The fair value of a portfolio security that a Portfolio uses to determine its NAV
may differ from the security's published or quoted price. If a Portfolio needs to implement fair value pricing after the NAV publishing deadline but before shares of the Portfolio are processed, the NAV you receive or
pay may differ from the published NAV price. For purposes of computing the Trust's NAV, we will value the Trust's futures contracts 15 minutes after the close of regular trading on the NYSE. Except when we fair value
securities, we normally value each foreign security held by the Trust as of the close of the security's primary market.
Fair value pricing procedures are
designed to result in prices for a Portfolio's securities and its NAV that are reasonable in light of the circumstances which make or have made market quotations unavailable or unreliable, and to reduce arbitrage
opportunities available to short-term traders. There is no assurance, however, that fair value pricing will more accurately reflect the market value of a security than the market price of such security on that day or
that it will prevent dilution of a Portfolio's NAV by short-term traders.
The NAV for each of the Portfolios
other than the Money Market Portfolio is determined by a simple calculation. It's the total value of a Portfolio (assets minus liabilities) divided by the total number of shares outstanding. The NAV for the Money
Market Portfolio will ordinarily remain at $1 per share (The price of each share remains the same but you will have more shares when dividends are declared). Each business day, each Portfolio’s current NAV per
share is transmitted electronically to insurance companies that use the Portfolios as underlying investment options for Contracts.
To determine a Portfolio's NAV,
its holdings are valued as follows:
Equity Securities
for which the primary market is on an exchange (whether domestic or foreign) shall be valued at the last sale price on such exchange or market on the day of valuation or, if there was no
sale on such day, at the mean between the last bid and asked prices on such day or at the last bid price on such day in the absence of an
asked price. Securities included within the NASDAQ
market shall be valued at the NASDAQ official closing price (NOCP) on the day of valuation, or if there was no NOCP issued, at the last sale price on such day. Securities included within the NASDAQ market for which
there is no NOCP and no last sale price on the day of valuation shall be valued at the mean between the last bid and asked prices on such day or at the last bid price on such day in the absence of an asked price.
Equity securities that are not sold on an exchange or NASDAQ are generally valued by an independent pricing agent or principal market maker.
A Portfolio may own securities
that are primarily listed on foreign exchanges that trade on weekends or other days when the Portfolios do not price their shares. Therefore, the value of a Portfolio's assets may change on days when shareholders
cannot purchase or redeem Portfolio shares.
Short-term debt securities
with remaining maturities of 60 days or less are valued at cost with interest accrued or discount amortized to the date of maturity, unless such valuation, in the judgment of PI or a
Subadviser, does not represent fair value.
Convertible debt
securities
that are traded in the over-the-counter market, including listed convertible debt securities for which the primary market is believed by PI or a Subadviser,
as available, to be over-the-counter, shall be valued on the day of valuation at an evaluated bid price provided by an independent pricing agent or, in the absence of a valuation provided
by an independent pricing agent, at the bid price provided by a principal market maker or primary market dealer.
Other debt securities
—those that are not valued on an amortized cost basis—are valued using an independent pricing service.
Options on stock and stock
indexes
that are traded on a national securities exchange are valued at the last sale price on such exchange on the day of valuation or, if there was no such sale on such day, at the mean between
the most recently quoted bid and asked prices on such exchange.
Futures contracts and options on
futures contracts
are valued at the last sale price at the close of the commodities exchange or board of trade on which they are traded. If there has been no sale that day, the securities will be valued at
the mean between the most recently quoted bid and asked prices on that exchange or board of trade.
Forward currency exchange
contracts
are valued at the cost of covering or offsetting such contracts calculated on the day of valuation. Securities which are valued in accordance herewith in a currency other than US dollars
shall be converted to US dollar equivalents at a rate obtained from a recognized bank, dealer or independent service on the day of valuation.
Over-the-counter (OTC) options
are valued at the mean between bid and asked prices provided by a dealer (which may be the counterparty). A subadviser will monitor the market prices of the securities underlying the OTC
options with a view to determining the necessity of obtaining additional bid and ask quotations from other dealers to assess the validity of the prices received from the primary pricing dealer.
Short-term debt securities
held by the Portfolios, including bonds, notes, debentures and other debt securities, and money market instruments such as certificates of deposit, commercial paper, bankers' acceptances
and obligations of domestic and foreign banks, with remaining maturities of more than 60 days, for which market quotations are readily available, are valued by an independent pricing agent or principal market maker
(if available, otherwise a primary market dealer).
Distributor & DISTRIBUTION
ARRANGEMENTS
The Trust offers a single class of
shares on behalf of the Portfolio. Prudential Annuities Distributors, Inc. (PAD) serves as the distributor for the shares of the Portfolio. Each class of shares is offered and redeemed at its net asset value without
any sales load. PAD is an affiliate of PI and ASTIS. PAD is registered as a broker-dealer under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and is a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority
(FINRA).
The Trust has adopted a
Shareholder Services and Distribution Plan pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act (the 12b-1 Plan) for the shares of the Portfolio. Under the 12b-1Plan, the shares the Portfolio are charged an annual fee to
compensate PAD and its affiliates for providing various administrative and distribution services to the Portfolio. The maximum annual shareholder services and distribution (12b-1) fee for the Portfolio’s shares
is 0.25% of the average daily net assets of the Portfolio. Because these fees are paid out of the Portfolio’s assets on an ongoing basis, over time, the fees will increase your cost of investing and may cost you
more than other types of charges.
PAD has contractually agreed to
reduce its 12b-1 fees for the AST Bond Portfolio 2027, so that the effective distribution and service fee rate paid by the AST Bond Portfolio 2027 is reduced based on the average daily net assets of the AST Bond
Portfolio 2027. The contractual waiver does not include an expiration or termination date as it is contractually guaranteed by PAD on a permanent basis, and the Manager and PAD cannot terminate or otherwise modify the
waiver. The contractual waiver is calculated as follows for the AST Bond Portfolio 2027:
Average Daily Net Assets of Portfolio
|
Distribution and Service Fee Rate Including Waiver
|
Up to and including $300 million
|
0.25% (no waiver)
|
Over $300 million up to and including $500 million
|
0.23%
|
Over $500 million up to and including $750 million
|
0.22%
|
Over $750 million
|
0.21%
|
PAD may receive payments from the
Subadviser or its affiliates to help defray expenses for sales meetings or seminar sponsorships that may relate to the Contracts and/or the Portfolio. These sales meetings or seminar sponsorships may provide the
Subadviser with increased access to persons involved in the distribution of the Contracts. PAD also may receive marketing support from the Subadviser in connection with the distribution of the Contracts.
OTHER INFORMATION
Federal Income Taxes
Each Portfolio currently intends to
be treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes. As a result, each Portfolio's income, gains, losses, deductions, and credits are “passed through” pro rata directly to the Participating
Insurance Companies and retain the same character for federal income tax purposes. Distributions may be made to the various separate accounts of the Participating Insurance Companies in the form of additional shares
(not in cash).
Owners of variable annuity
contracts or variable life insurance policies should consult the prospectuses of their respective contracts or policies for information on the federal income tax consequences to such holders. In addition, variable
contract owners may wish to consult with their own tax advisors as to the tax consequences of investments in the Trust, including the application of state and local taxes.
Monitoring for Possible
Conflicts
The Trust sells its shares to fund
variable life insurance contracts and variable annuity contracts and is authorized to offer its shares to qualified retirement plans. Because of differences in tax treatment and other considerations, it is possible
that the interest of variable life insurance contract owners, variable annuity contract owners and participants in qualified retirement plans could conflict. The Trust will monitor the situation and in the event that
a material conflict did develop, the Trust would determine what action, if any, to take in response.
Disclosure of Portfolio
Holdings
A description of the Trust's
policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of each Portfolio's portfolio securities is included in the SAI and on the Trust's website at www.prudential.com/variableinsuranceportfolios.
Payments to Affiliates
PI and ASTIS and their affiliates,
including a subadviser or PAD, may compensate affiliates of PI and ASTIS, including the insurance companies issuing variable annuity or variable life contracts by providing reimbursement, defraying the costs of, or
paying directly for, among other things, marketing and/or administrative services and/or other services they provide in connection with the variable annuity and/or variable life contracts which offer the Portfolios as
investment options. These services may include, but are not limited to: sponsoring or co-sponsoring various promotional, educational or marketing meetings and seminars attended by distributors, wholesalers, and/or
broker dealer firms' registered representatives, and creating marketing material discussing the contracts, available options, and the Portfolios.
The amounts paid depend on the
nature of the meetings, the number of meetings attended by PI or ASTIS, the subadviser, or PAD, the number of participants and attendees at the meetings, the costs expected to be incurred, and the level of PI's,
ASTIS’, subadviser's or PAD’s participation. These payments or reimbursements may not be offered by all advisers, subadvisers, or PAD and the amounts of such payments may vary between and among each
adviser, subadviser and PAD depending on their respective participation.
With respect to variable annuity
contracts, the amounts paid under these arrangements to Prudential-affiliated insurers are set forth in the prospectuses for the variable annuity contracts which offer the Portfolios as investment options.
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
Introduction
The Portfolio is expected to
commence operations on or around the date of this Prospectus, thus no financial highlights data is provided.
INVESTOR INFORMATION
SERVICES:
Shareholder inquiries should be
made by calling (800) 778-2255 or by writing to Advanced Series Trust at 655 Broad Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102. Additional information about the Portfolios is included in the SAI, which is incorporated by
reference into this Prospectus. Additional information about the Portfolios' investments is available in the Trust's annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders. In the annual reports, you will find a discussion of
the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected each Portfolio's performance during its last fiscal year. The SAI and additional copies of annual and semi-annual reports are available
without charge by calling the above number. The SAI and the annual and semi-annual reports are also available without charge on the Trust’s website at
www.prudential.com/variableinsuranceportfolios
.
Delivery of Prospectus and Other
Documents to Households
. To lower costs and eliminate duplicate documents sent to your address, the Trust, in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, may begin mailing only one copy of the Trust's
prospectus, prospectus supplements, annual and semi-annual reports, proxy statements and information statements, or any other required documents to your address even if more than one shareholder lives there. If you
have previously consented to have any of these documents delivered to multiple investors at a shared address, as required by law, and you wish to revoke this consent or would otherwise prefer to continue to receive
your own copy, you should call the number above, or write to the Trust at the above address. The Trust will begin sending individual copies to you within thirty days of revocation.
The information in the Trust's
filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (including the SAI) is available from the SEC. Copies of this information may be obtained, upon payment of duplicating fees, by electronic request to
publicinfo@sec.gov or by writing the Public Reference Section of the SEC, Washington, DC 20549-0102. The information can also be reviewed and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room in Washington, DC.
Information on the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-202-551-8090. Finally, information about the Trust is available on the EDGAR database on the SEC's internet site at
www.sec.gov.
Investment Company File Act
No. 811-05186
Advanced Series
Trust
STATEMENT OF
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION • JANUARY 4, 2016
This Statement of Additional Information (SAI) of
Advanced Series Trust (the Trust, and each series thereof, a Portfolio) is not a prospectus and should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus of the Trust dated January 4, 2016, which can be obtained, without
charge, by calling (800) 778-2255 or by writing to the Trust at 655 Broad Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102. This SAI has been incorporated by reference into the Trust's Prospectus. The Portfolio of the Trust which is
discussed in this SAI is noted on this front cover (the Portfolio).
PART I
INTRODUCTION
This SAI sets forth information
about the Trust and the Portfolio covered by the SAI. Part I provides additional information about the Trust’s Board of Trustees (the Board), certain investments restrictions that apply to the Portfolio, the
advisory services provided to and the management fees paid by the Trust, and information about other fees paid by and services provided to the Trust. Part II provides additional information about certain investments
and investment strategies that may be used by the Portfolio and explanations of various investments and strategies which may be used by the Portfolio and explanations of these investments and strategies, and should be
read in conjunction with Part I.
Before reading the SAI, you should
consult the Glossary below, which defines certain of the terms used in the SAI:
Glossary
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
ADR
|
American Depositary Receipt
|
ADS
|
American Depositary Share
|
ASTIS
|
AST Investment Services, Inc.
|
Board
|
Trust’s Board of Directors or Trustees
|
Board Member
|
A trustee or director of the Trust’s Board
|
CFTC
|
Commodity Futures Trading Commission
|
Code
|
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended
|
EDR
|
European Depositary Receipt
|
ETF
|
Exchange-Traded Fund
|
Fannie Mae
|
Federal National Mortgage Association
|
Fitch
|
Fitch, Inc.
|
Freddie Mac
|
The Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation
|
Global Depositary Receipt
|
GDR
|
Ginnie Mae
|
Government National Mortgage Association
|
IPO
|
Initial Public Offering
|
IRS
|
Internal Revenue Service
|
1933 Act
|
Securities Act of 1933, as amended
|
1934 Act
|
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
|
1940 Act
|
Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended
|
LIBOR
|
London Interbank Offered Rate
|
Moody’s
|
Moody’s Investor Services, Inc.
|
NASDAQ
|
National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations System
|
NAV
|
Net Asset Value
|
NYSE
|
New York Stock Exchange
|
OTC
|
Over the Counter
|
PI
|
Prudential Investments LLC
|
PMFS
|
Prudential Mutual Fund Services LLC
|
REIT
|
Real Estate Investment Trust
|
RIC
|
Regulated Investment Company, as the term is used in the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended
|
S&P
|
Standard & Poor’s Corporation
|
SEC
|
US Securities & Exchange Commission
|
World Bank
|
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
|
Trust PORTFOLIOS, INVESTMENT
POLICIES & STRATEGIES
The Trust is an open-end management
investment company (commonly known as a mutual fund) that is intended to provide a range of investment alternatives through its separate portfolios, each of which is, for investment purposes, in effect a separate
fund. The Portfolio offered by the Trust which is discussed in this SAI is set forth below:
■
|
AST Bond Portfolio 2027
|
The Trust offers one class of
shares in the Portfolio. Shares of the Portfolio are sold only to separate accounts of Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation, The Prudential Insurance Company of America, Pruco Life Insurance Company, Pruco
Life Insurance Company of New Jersey, Prudential Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company, Pramerica of Bermuda Life Assurance Company, Ltd. (collectively, Prudential), Kemper Investors Life Insurance Company,
Allstate Life Insurance Company and Allstate Life Insurance Company of New York as investment options under variable life insurance and variable annuity contracts (the Contracts) (A separate account keeps the assets
supporting certain insurance contracts separate from the general assets and liabilities of the insurance company).
In order to sell shares to both
Prudential and non-Prudential insurance companies, the Trust has obtained an exemptive order (the Order) from the SEC. The Trust and its Portfolios are managed in compliance with the terms and conditions of that
Order.
Prudential Investments LLC (PI or
the Manager), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Prudential Financial, Inc. (Prudential Financial), serves as overall investment manager of the Portfolio. As discussed in the Prospectus, the Portfolio may invest in money
market instruments and comparable securities as part of assuming a temporary defensive position. The investment objective of the Portfolio is discussed in the Prospectus.
FUNDAMENTAL INVESTMENT
RESTRICTIONS
Set forth below are certain
investment restrictions applicable to the Portfolio. Fundamental restrictions may not be changed without a majority vote of shareholders as required by the 1940 Act. Non-fundamental restrictions may be changed by the
Board of Trustees without shareholder approval.
FUNDAMENTAL INVESTMENT
RESTRICTIONS:
Under its fundamental investment
restrictions, the Portfolio may not:
1. Issue senior securities or
borrow money or pledge its assets, except as permitted by the 1940 Act and rules thereunder, exemptive order, SEC release, no-action letter or similar relief or interpretations. For purposes of this restriction, the
purchase or sale of securities on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis, reverse repurchase agreements, dollar rolls, short sales, derivative and hedging transactions such as interest rate swap transactions, and
collateral arrangements with respect thereto, and transactions similar to any of the foregoing and collateral arrangements with respect thereto, and obligations of the Portfolio to Trustees pursuant to any deferred
compensation arrangements are not deemed to be a pledge of assets or the issuance of a senior security.
2. Underwrite securities issued by
other persons, except to the extent that the Portfolio may be deemed to be an underwriter (within the meaning of the 1933 Act) in connection with the purchase and sale of portfolio securities.
3. Purchase or sell real estate
unless acquired as a result of the ownership of securities or other instruments; provided that this restriction shall not prohibit the Portfolio from investing in securities or other instruments backed by real estate
or in securities of companies engaged in the real estate business.
4. Purchase or sell physical
commodities unless acquired as a result of the ownership of securities or instruments; provided that this restriction shall not prohibit the Portfolio from (i) engaging in permissible options and futures transactions
and forward foreign currency contracts in accordance with the Portfolio's investment policies, or (ii) investing in securities of any kind.
5. Make loans, except that the
Portfolio may (i) lend portfolio securities in accordance with the Portfolio's investment policies in amounts up to 33
1
⁄
3
% of the total assets of the Portfolio taken at market value, (ii) purchase money market securities and enter into repurchase agreements, (iii) acquire publicly
distributed or privately placed debt securities, and (iv) make loans of money to other investment companies to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act or any exemption there from that may be granted by the SEC or any SEC
releases, no-action letters or similar relief or interpretive guidance.
6. Purchase any security if, as a
result, more than 25% of the value of the Portfolio's assets would be invested in the securities of issuers having their principal business activities in the same industry; provided that this restriction does not
apply to investments in obligations issued or guaranteed by the US Government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities or to municipal securities (or repurchase agreements with respect thereto). For purposes of
this limitation, investments in other investment companies shall not be considered an investment in any particular industry.
7. With respect to 75% of the value
of its total assets, purchase the securities of any issuer (other than securities issued or guaranteed by the US Government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities) if, as a result, (i) more than 5% of the value
of the Portfolio's total assets would be invested in the securities of such issuer, or (ii) more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer would be held by the Portfolio.
If a restriction of the Portfolio's
investments is adhered to at the time an investment is made, a subsequent change in the percentage of the Portfolio assets invested in certain securities or other instruments, or change in average duration of the
Portfolio's investment portfolio, resulting from changes in the value of the Portfolio's total assets, will not be considered a violation of the restriction; provided, however, that the asset coverage requirement
applicable to borrowings shall be maintained in the manner contemplated by applicable law.
With respect to investment
restriction (5), the restriction on making loans is not considered to limit Portfolio's investments in loan participations and assignments.
With respect to investment
restriction (6), the Portfolio will not consider a bank-issued guaranty or financial guaranty insurance as a separate security for purposes of determining the percentage of the Portfolio's assets invested in the
securities of issuers in a particular industry.
With respect to investment
restrictions (1) and (5), the Portfolio will not borrow or lend to any other fund unless it applies for and receives an exemptive order from the SEC, if so required, or the SEC issues rules permitting such
transactions.
INFORMATION ABOUT TRUSTEES AND
OFFICERS
Information about the Trustees and
the Officers of the Trust is set forth below. Trustees who are not deemed to be “interested persons” of the Trust, as defined in the 1940 Act, are referred to as “Independent Trustees.”
Trustees who are deemed to be “interested persons” of the Trust are referred to as “Interested Trustees.” The Trustees are responsible for the overall supervision of the operations of the Trust
and perform the various duties imposed on the trustees of investment companies by the 1940 Act.
Independent Trustees
(1)
|
|
|
Name, Address, Age
No. of Portfolios Overseen
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years
|
Other Directorships Held
|
Susan Davenport Austin (48)
No. of Portfolios Overseen: 114
|
Senior Managing Director of Brock Capital (Since 2014); Vice Chairman (Since 2013),
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (2007-2012) and Vice President of Strategic Planning and Treasurer (2002-2007) of Sheridan Broadcasting Corporation; Formerly President of Sheridan Gospel Network
(2004-2014); formerly Vice President, Goldman, Sachs & Co. (2000-2001); formerly Associate Director, Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc. (1997-2000); formerly Vice President, Salomon Brothers Inc. (1993-1997); President
of the Board, The MacDowell Colony (Since 2010); Presiding Director (Since 2014) and Chairman (2011-2014) of the Board of Directors, Broadcast Music, Inc.; Member of the Board of Directors, Hubbard Radio, LLC (Since
2011); President, Candide Business Advisors, Inc. (Since 2011); formerly Member of the Board of Directors, National Association of Broadcasters (2004-2010).
|
Director of NextEra Energy Partners, LP (NYSE: NEP) (February 2015-Present).
|
Sherry S. Barrat (65)
No. of Portfolios Overseen: 114
|
Formerly, Vice Chairman of Northern Trust Corporation (financial services and banking
institution) (2011–June 2012); formerly President, Personal Financial Services, Northern Trust Corporation (2006-2010); formerly Chairman & CEO, Western US Region, Northern Trust Corporation (1999-2005);
formerly President & CEO, Palm Beach/Martin County Region, Northern Trust.
|
Director of NextEra Energy, Inc. (NYSE: NEE) (1998-Present); Director of Arthur J. Gallagher & Company
(Since July 2013).
|
Jessica M. Bibliowicz (55)
No. of Portfolios Overseen: 114
|
Senior Adviser (Since 2013) of Bridge Growth Partners (private equity firm); formerly
Chief Executive Officer (1999-2013) of National Financial Partners (independent distributor of financial services products).
|
Director (since 2013) of Realogy Holdings Corp.(residential real estate services); the Asia-Pacific Fund,
Inc. (since 2006); Sotheby’s (since 2014) (auction house and art-related finance).
|
Independent Trustees
(1)
|
|
|
Name, Address, Age
No. of Portfolios Overseen
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years
|
Other Directorships Held
|
Kay Ryan Booth (64)
No. of Portfolios Overseen: 114
|
Partner, Trinity Private Equity Group (Since September 2014); formerly, Managing Director
of Cappello Waterfield & Co. LLC (2011-2014); formerly Vice Chair, Global Research, J.P. Morgan (financial services and investment banking institution) (June 2008 – January 2009); formerly Global Director of
Equity Research, Bear Stearns & Co., Inc. (financial services and investment banking institution) (1995-2008); formerly Associate Director of Equity Research, Bear Stearns & Co., Inc. (1987-1995).
|
None.
|
Delayne Dedrick Gold (77)
No. of Portfolios Overseen: 114
|
Marketing Consultant (1982-present); formerly Senior Vice President and Member of the
Board of Directors, Prudential Bache Securities, Inc.
|
None.
|
Robert F. Gunia (68)
No. of Portfolios Overseen: 114
|
Independent Consultant (Since October 2009); formerly Chief Administrative Officer
(September 1999-September 2009) and Executive Vice President (December 1996-September 2009) of Prudential Investments LLC; formerly Executive Vice President (March 1999-September 2009) and Treasurer (May
2000-September 2009) of Prudential Mutual Fund Services LLC; formerly President (April 1999-December 2008) and Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer (December 2008-December 2009) of Prudential
Investment Management Services LLC; formerly Chief Administrative Officer, Executive Vice President and Director (May 2003-September 2009) of AST Investment Services, Inc.
|
Director (Since May 1989) of The Asia Pacific Fund, Inc.
|
W. Scott McDonald, Jr., Ph.D. (78)
No. of Portfolios Overseen: 114
|
Formerly Management Consultant (1997-2004) and of Counsel (2004-2005) at Kaludis
Consulting Group, Inc. (company serving higher education); formerly principal (1995-1997), Scott McDonald Associates; Chief Operating Officer (1991-1995), Fairleigh Dickinson University; Executive Vice President and
Chief Operating Officer (1975-1991), Drew University; interim President (1988-1990), Drew University; formerly Director of School, College and University Underwriters Ltd.
|
None.
|
Thomas T. Mooney (73)
No. of Portfolios Overseen: 114
|
Formerly Chief Executive Officer, Excell Partners, Inc. (2005-2007);founding partner of
High Technology of Rochester and the Lennox Technology Center; formerly President of the Greater Rochester Metro Chamber of Commerce (1976-2004); formerly Rochester City Manager (1973); formerly Deputy Monroe County
Executive (1974-1976).
|
None.
|
Thomas M. O'Brien (64)
No. of Portfolios Overseen: 114
|
Director, President and CEO Sun Bancorp, Inc. N.A. (NASDAQ: SNBC) and Sun National Bank
(Since July 2014); formerly Consultant, Valley National Bancorp, Inc. and Valley National Bank (January 2012-June 2012); formerly President and COO (November 2006-December 2011) and CEO (April 2007-December 2011) of
State Bancorp, Inc. and State Bank; formerly Vice Chairman (January 1997-April 2000) of North Fork Bank; formerly President and Chief Executive Officer (December 1984-December 1996) of North Side Savings Bank;
formerly President and Chief Executive Officer (May 2000-June 2006) Atlantic Bank of New York.
|
Formerly Director, BankUnited, Inc. and BankUnited N.A. (NYSE: BKU) (May 2012-April 2014); formerly
Director (April 2008-January 2012) of Federal Home Loan Bank of New York; formerly Director (December 1996-May 2000) of North Fork Bancorporation, Inc.; formerly Director (May 2000-April 2006) of Atlantic Bank of New
York; Director (November 2006 – January 2012) of State Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQ: STBC) and State Bank of Long Island.
|
Interested Trustee
(1)
|
|
|
Timothy S. Cronin (49)
Number of Portfolios Overseen: 114
|
President of Prudential Annuities (Since June 2015); Chief Investment Officer and
Strategist of Prudential Annuities (Since January 2004); Director of Investment & Research Strategy (Since February 1998); President of AST Investment Services, Inc. (Since June 2005).
|
None.
|
(1)
The year that each Trustee joined the Board is as follows: Susan Davenport Austin, 2011; Sherry S. Barrat, 2013; Jessica Bibliowicz, 2014, Kay Ryan Booth, 2013; Timothy S.
Cronin, 2009; Delayne Dedrick Gold, 2003; Robert F. Gunia, 2003; W. Scott McDonald, Jr., 2003; Thomas T. Mooney, 2003; Thomas M. O'Brien, 1992.
Trust Officers
(a)(1)
|
|
Name, Address and Age
Position with the Trust
|
Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years
|
Bradley C. Tobin (41)
Vice President
|
Vice President of Prudential Annuities (since March 2012), Vice President of AST Investment Services, Inc.
(since April 2011).
|
Raymond A. O’Hara (60)
Chief Legal Officer
|
Vice President and Corporate Counsel (since July 2010) of Prudential Insurance Company of America
(Prudential); Vice President (March 2011-Present) of Pruco Life Insurance Company and Pruco Life Insurance Company of New Jersey; Vice President and Corporate Counsel (March 2011-Present) of Prudential Annuities Life
Assurance Corporation; Chief Legal Officer of Prudential Investments LLC (since June 2012); Chief Legal Officer of Prudential Mutual Fund Services LLC (since June 2012) and Corporate Counsel of AST Investment
Services, Inc. (since June 2012); formerly Assistant Vice President and Corporate Counsel (September 2008-July 2010) of The Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc.; formerly Associate (September 1980-December 1987)
and Partner (January 1988–August 2008) of Blazzard & Hasenauer, P.C. (formerly, Blazzard, Grodd & Hasenauer, P.C.).
|
Deborah A. Docs (57)
Secretary
|
Vice President and Corporate Counsel (since January 2001) of Prudential; Vice President (since December
1996) and Assistant Secretary (since March 1999) of Prudential Investments LLC; formerly Vice President and Assistant Secretary (May 2003-June 2005) of AST Investment Services, Inc.
|
Jonathan D. Shain (57)
Assistant Secretary
|
Vice President and Corporate Counsel (since August 1998) of Prudential; Vice President and Assistant
Secretary (since May 2001) of Prudential Investments LLC; Vice President and Assistant Secretary (since February 2001) of Prudential Mutual Fund Services LLC; formerly Vice President and Assistant Secretary (May
2003-June 2005) of AST Investment Services, Inc.
|
Claudia DiGiacomo (41)
Assistant Secretary
|
Vice President and Corporate Counsel (since January 2005) of Prudential; Vice President and Assistant
Secretary of Prudential Investments LLC (since December 2005); Associate at Sidley Austin Brown Wood LLP (1999-2004).
|
Andrew R. French (52)
Assistant Secretary
|
Vice President and Corporate Counsel (since February 2010) of Prudential; formerly Director and Corporate
Counsel (2006-2010) of Prudential; Vice President and Assistant Secretary (since January 2007) of Prudential Investments LLC; Vice President and Assistant Secretary (since January 2007) of Prudential Mutual Fund
Services LLC.
|
Amanda S. Ryan (36)
Assistant Secretary
|
Director and Corporate Counsel (since March 2012) of Prudential; Director and Assistant Secretary (since
June 2012) of Prudential Investments LLC; Associate at Ropes & Gray (2008-2012).
|
Kathleen DeNicholas (41)
Assistant Secretary
|
Vice President and Corporate Counsel (since May 2013) of Prudential; Managing Counsel at The Bank of New
York Mellon Corporation (2011-2013); formerly Senior Counsel (2007-2011) and Assistant General Counsel (2001-2007) of The Dreyfus Corporation; Chief Legal Officer and Secretary of MBSC Securities Corporation
(2011-2013); Vice President and Assistant Secretary of The Dreyfus Family of Funds (2010-2012).
|
Chad A. Earnst (40)
Chief Compliance Officer
|
Chief Compliance Officer (September 2014-Present) of Prudential Investments LLC; Chief Compliance Officer
(September 2014-Present) of the Prudential Investments Funds, Target Funds, Advanced Series Trust, The Prudential Series Fund, Prudential's Gibraltar Fund, Inc., Prudential Global Short Duration High Yield Income
Fund, Inc., Prudential Short Duration High Yield Fund, Inc. and Prudential Jennison MLP Income Fund, Inc.; formerly Assistant Director (March 2010-August 2014) of the Asset Management Unit, Division of Enforcement, US
Securities & Exchange Commission; Assistant Regional Director (January 2010-August 2014), Branch Chief (June 2006–December 2009) and Senior Counsel (April 2003-May 2006) of the Miami Regional Office,
Division of Enforcement, US Securities & Exchange Commission.
|
Theresa C. Thompson (53)
Deputy Chief Compliance Officer
|
Vice President, Compliance, Prudential Investments LLC (since April 2004); and Director, Compliance,
Prudential Investments LLC (2001-2004).
|
Richard W. Kinville (47)
Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Officer
|
Vice President, Corporate Compliance, Anti-Money Laundering Unit (since January 2005) of Prudential;
committee member of the American Council of Life Insurers Anti-Money Laundering and Critical Infrastructure Committee (since January 2007); formerly Investigator and Supervisor in the Special Investigations Unit for
the New York Central Mutual Fire Insurance Company (August 1994-January 1999); Investigator in AXA Financial's Internal Audit Department and Manager in AXA's Anti-Money Laundering Office (January 1999-January 2005);
first chair of the American Council of Life Insurers Anti-Money Laundering and Critical Infrastructure Committee (June 2007-December 2009 ).
|
M. Sadiq Peshimam (51)
Treasurer and Principal Financial
and Accounting Officer
|
Vice President (since 2005) of Prudential Investments LLC; formerly Assistant Treasurer of funds in the
Prudential Mutual Fund Complex (2006-2014).
|
Peter Parrella (57)
Assistant Treasurer
|
Vice President (since 2007) and Director (2004-2007) within Prudential Mutual Fund Administration; formerly
Tax Manager at SSB Citi Fund Management LLC (1997-2004).
|
Lana Lomuti (48)
Assistant Treasurer
|
Vice President (since 2007) and Director (2005-2007), within Prudential Mutual Fund Administration;
formerly Assistant Treasurer (December 2007-February 2014) of The Greater China Fund, Inc.
|
Linda McMullin (54)
Assistant Treasurer
|
Vice President (since 2011) and Director (2008-2011) within Prudential Mutual Fund Administration.
|
Alan Fu (59)
Assistant Treasurer
|
Vice President and Corporate Counsel - Tax, Prudential Financial, Inc. (since October 2003).
|
(a)
Excludes Mr. Cronin, an interested Trustee who also serves as President.
(1)
The year in which each individual became an Officer is as follows: Bradley C. Tobin, 2014; Raymond A. O’Hara, 2012; Deborah A. Docs, 2005; Jonathan D. Shain, 2005;
Claudia DiGiacomo, 2005; Andrew R. French, 2006; Amanda S. Ryan, 2012; Kathleen DeNicholas, 2013; Chad A. Earnst, 2014; Theresa C. Thompson, 2008; Peter Parrella, 2007; M. Sadiq Peshimam, 2006; Lana Lomuti, 2014;
Linda McMullin, 2014; Alan Fu, 2006; Richard W. Kinville, 2011.
Explanatory Notes to Tables:
Trustees are deemed to be
“Interested”, as defined in the 1940 Act, by reason of their affiliation with PI and/or an affiliate of PI. Timothy S. Cronin is an Interested Trustee because he is employed by an affiliate of the
Manager.
Unless otherwise noted, the address of all
Trustees and Officers is c/o Prudential Investments LLC, 655 Broad Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102.
There is no set term of office for Trustees
or Officers. The Independent Trustees have adopted a retirement policy, which calls for the retirement of Trustees on December 31 of the year in which they reach the age of 78, provided that the Board may extend the
retirement age on a year-by-year basis for a Trustee.
“Other Directorships Held”
includes only directorships of companies required to register or file reports with the SEC under the 1934 Act (that is, “public companies”) or other investment companies registered under the 1940 Act.
“No. of Portfolios Overseen”
includes all investment companies managed by PI and/or ASTIS that are overseen by the Trustee. The investment companies for which PI and/or ASTIS serves as Manager include The Prudential Variable Contract Accounts,
The Prudential Series Fund, Advanced Series Trust, Prudential's Gibraltar Fund, Inc., the Prudential Investments Funds, the Target Funds, the Prudential Short Duration High Yield Fund, Inc. and Prudential Global Short
Duration High Yield Fund, Inc.
COMPENSATION OF TRUSTEES AND
OFFICERS.
Pursuant to a Management Agreement with the Trust, the Investment Manager pays all compensation of Trustees, officers and employees of the Trust, other than the fees and expenses of
Trustees who are not affiliated persons of the Investment Manager or any subadviser. The Trust pays each of its Independent Trustees annual compensation in addition to certain out-of-pocket expenses. Trustees who
serve on Board Committees may receive additional compensation.
Independent Trustees may defer
receipt of their fees pursuant to a deferred fee agreement with the Trust. Under the terms of the agreement, the Trust accrues deferred Trustees' fees daily which, in turn, accrue interest at a rate equivalent to the
prevailing rate to 90-day US Treasury Bills at the beginning of each calendar quarter or, at the daily rate of return of one or more funds managed by PI chosen by the Trustee. Payment of the interest so accrued is
also deferred and becomes payable at the option of the Trustee. The Trust's obligation to make payments of deferred Trustees' fees, together with interest thereon, is a general obligation of the Trust. The Trust does
not have a retirement or pension plan for its Trustees.
The following table sets forth the
aggregate compensation paid by the Trust for the Trusts most recently completed fiscal year to the Independent Trustees for service on the Trust's Board, and the Board of any other investment company in the Fund
Complex for the most recently completed calendar year. Trustees and officers who are “interested persons” of the Trust (as defined in the 1940 Act) do not receive compensation from the Fund Complex.
Name
|
Aggregate Fiscal Year
Compensation from Trust
(1)
|
Pension or Retirement Benefits
Accrued as Part of Trust
Expenses
|
Estimated Annual Benefits Upon
Retirement
|
Total Compensation from Trust
and Fund Complex for Most
Recent Calendar Year
|
Susan Davenport Austin
|
$258,700
|
None
|
None
|
$305,000 (3/111)*
|
Sherry S. Barrat
|
$241,340
|
None
|
None
|
$285,000 (3/111)*
|
Jessica M. Bibliowicz
†
|
$75,084
|
None
|
None
|
$75,084 (1/92)*
|
Kay Ryan Booth
|
$241,340
|
None
|
None
|
$285,000 (3/111)*
|
Timothy S. Cronin
|
None
|
None
|
None
|
None
|
Delayne Dedrick Gold
|
$284,710
|
None
|
None
|
$335,000 (3/111)*
|
Robert F. Gunia**
|
$258,700
|
None
|
None
|
$305,000 (3/111)*
|
W. Scott McDonald, Jr.**
|
$284,710
|
None
|
None
|
$335,000 (3/111)*
|
Thomas T. Mooney**
|
$323,860
|
None
|
None
|
$380,000 (3/111)*
|
Thomas M. O'Brien**
|
$290,783
|
None
|
None
|
$342,000 (3/111)*
|
† Ms. Bibliowicz
joined the Board in September 2014.
Explanatory Notes to Compensation Table
(1)
Compensation relates to portfolios that were in existence during 2014.
* Number of funds and portfolios
represents those in existence as of December 31, 2014 and excludes funds that have merged or liquidated during the year. Additionally the number of portfolios includes those which were approved as of December 31,
2014, but which may not have commenced operations as of December 31, 2014. No compensation is paid to Trustees with respect to portfolios that have not yet commenced operations.
** Under the Trust’s deferred fee
arrangement, certain Trustees have elected to defer all or part of their total compensation. The total amount of deferred compensation accrued during the calendar year ended December 31, 2014, including investment
results during the year on cumulative deferred fees, amounted to $2,339, $50,467, $123,779, and $136,294 for Messrs. Gunia, McDonald, Mooney, and O'Brien, respectively.
BOARD COMMITTEES.
The Board of Trustees (the Board) has established four standing committees in connection with governance of the Trust—Audit, Compliance, Governance, and Investment Review and Risk.
Information on the membership of each standing committee and its functions is set forth below.
Audit Committee.
The Board has determined that each member of the Audit Committee is not an “interested person” as defined in the 1940 Act. The responsibilities of the Audit Committee are to
assist the Board in overseeing the Trust's independent registered public accounting firm, accounting policies and procedures, and other areas relating to the Trust's auditing processes. The Audit Committee
is responsible for pre-approving all audit services
and any permitted non-audit services to be provided by the independent registered public accounting firm directly to the Trust. The Audit Committee is also responsible for pre-approving permitted non-audit services to
be provided by the independent registered public accounting firm to (1) the Investment Manager and (2) any entity in a control relationship with the Investment Manager that provides ongoing services to the Trust,
provided that the engagement of the independent registered public accounting firm relates directly to the operation and financial reporting of the Trust. The scope of the Audit Committee's responsibilities is
oversight. It is management's responsibility to maintain appropriate systems for accounting and internal control and the independent registered public accounting firm's responsibility to plan and carry out an audit in
accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). The Audit Committee Charter is available at
www.prudential.com/variableinsuranceportfolios
. The number of Audit Committee meetings held during the Trust's most recently completed fiscal year is set forth in the table
below.
The membership of the Audit
Committee is set forth below:
Thomas M. O’Brien (Chair)
Susan Davenport Austin
Delayne Dedrick Gold
Robert F. Gunia
Thomas T. Mooney (ex-officio)
Compliance Committee.
The Compliance Committee serves as a liaison between the Board and the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer (CCO). The Compliance Committee is responsible for considering, in
consultation with the Board's Chair and outside counsel, any material compliance matters that are identified and reported by the CCO to the Compliance Committee between Board meetings. The Compliance Committee is also
responsible for considering, when requested by the CCO, the CCO's recommendations regarding the materiality of compliance matters to be reported to the Board. The Compliance Committee reviews compliance matters that
it determines warrant review between Board meetings. Further, when the CCO wishes to engage an independent third party to perform compliance-related work at the Trust’s expense, the Compliance Committee will
evaluate with the CCO which third party to recommend to the Board as well as the appropriate scope of the work. The number of Compliance Committee meetings held during the Trust's most recently completed fiscal year
is set forth in the table below. The Compliance Committee Charter is available on the Trust's website at
www.prudential.com/variableinsuranceportfolios
.
The membership of the Compliance
Committee is set forth below:
Robert F. Gunia (Chair)
Thomas M. O’Brien
W. Scott McDonald, Jr.
Sherry S. Barrat
Thomas T. Mooney (ex-officio)
Governance Committee.
The Governance Committee of the Board is responsible for nominating Trustees and making recommendations to the Board concerning Board composition, committee structure and governance,
director compensation and expenses, director education, and governance practices. The Board has determined that each member of the Governance Committee is not an “interested person” as defined in the 1940
Act. The number of Governance Committee meetings held during the Trust's most recently completed fiscal year is set forth in the table below. The Governance Committee Charter is available on the Trust's website at
www.prudential.com/variableinsuranceportfolios
.
The membership of the Governance
Committee is set forth below:
Delayne Dedrick Gold (Chair)
W. Scott McDonald, Jr.
Susan Davenport Austin
Kay Ryan Booth
Thomas T. Mooney (ex-officio)
Investment Review and Risk Committee
(IRRC).
The IRRC consists of all members of the Board and is chaired by Mr. Mooney, the Chairman of the Board. The Board created the IRRC to help the Board in reviewing certain types of risk,
especially those risks related to portfolio investments, the subadvisers for the Portfolios and other related risks. The responsibilities of the IRRC include, but are not limited to: reviewing written materials and
reports pertaining to Portfolio performance, investments and risk from subadvisers, the Strategic Investment Review Group (SIRG) of PI and others; considering presentations from subadvisers, the Investment Manager,
SIRG or other service providers on matters relating to Portfolio performance, investments and risk; and periodically reviewing management’s evaluation of various types of risks to the Portfolios.
LEADERSHIP STRUCTURE AND
QUALIFICATIONS OF BOARD OF TRUSTEES.
The Board is responsible for oversight of the Trust. The Trust has engaged the Investment Manager to manage the Trust on a day-to-day basis. The Board oversees the Investment Manager and
certain other principal service providers in the operations of the Trust. The Board is currently composed of ten members, nine of whom are Independent Trustees. The Board meets in-person at regularly scheduled
meetings twelve times throughout the year. In addition, the Board Members may meet in-person or by telephone at special meetings. As described above, the Board has established four standing committees—Audit,
Compliance, Governance, and Investment Review and Risk—and may establish ad hoc committees or working groups from time to time, to assist the Board in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities. The Independent
Trustees have also engaged independent legal counsel to assist them in fulfilling their responsibilities.
The Board is chaired by an
Independent Trustee. As Chair, this Independent Trustee leads the Board in its activities. Also, the Chair acts as a member or an ex-officio member of each standing committee and any ad hoc committee of the Board of
Trustees. The Trustees have determined that the Board's leadership and committee structure is appropriate because the Board believes it sets the proper tone to the relationships between the Trust, on the one hand, and
the Investment Manager, the subadviser(s) and certain other principal service providers, on the other, and facilitates the exercise of the Board's independent judgment in evaluating and managing the relationships. In
addition, the structure efficiently allocates responsibility among committees.
The Board has concluded that, based
on each Trustee's experience, qualifications, attributes or skills on an individual basis and in combination with those of the other Trustees, each Trustee should serve as a Trustee. Among other attributes common to
all Trustees are their ability to review critically, evaluate, question and discuss information provided to them, to interact effectively with the various service providers to the Trust, and to exercise reasonable
business judgment in the performance of their duties as Trustees. In addition, the Board has taken into account the actual service and commitment of the Trustees during their tenure in concluding that each should
continue to serve. A Trustee's ability to perform his or her duties effectively may have been attained through a Trustee's educational background or professional training; business, consulting, public service or
academic positions; experience from service as a Trustee of the Trust, other funds in the Fund Complex, public companies, or non-profit entities or other organizations; or other experiences. Set forth below is a brief
discussion of the specific experience qualifications, attributes or skills of each Trustee that led the Board to conclude that he or she should serve as a Trustee.
Ms. Gold and
Messrs. McDonald, Mooney and O'Brien have each served for more than 10 years as a Trustee of mutual funds advised by the Investment Manager or its predecessors, including some or all of the following funds: Advanced
Series Trust, The Prudential Series Fund, Prudential's Gibraltar Fund, Inc, and/or other mutual funds advised by the Investment Manager or its predecessors. In addition, Mr. McDonald has more than 20 years of
experience in senior leadership positions at institutions of higher learning. Ms. Gold has more than 20 years of experience in the financial services industry. Mr. Mooney has more than 30 years of experience in senior
leadership positions with municipal organizations and other companies and has experience serving on the boards of other entities. Mr. O'Brien has more than 25 years of experience in senior leadership positions in the
banking industry, and has experience serving on the boards of other entities. Mr. Gunia has served for more than 10 years as a Board Member of mutual funds advised by the Investment Manager or its predecessors. In
addition, Mr. Gunia served in senior leadership positions for more than 28 years with the Investment Manager and its affiliates and predecessors. Ms. Austin currently serves as Vice Chairman of Sheridan Broadcasting
Corporation and Senior Managing Director of Brock Capital. In addition to her experience in senior leadership positions with private companies, Ms. Austin has more than 10 years of experience in the investment banking
industry, and has experience serving on boards of other public companies and non-profit entities. Ms. Barrat has more than 20 years of experience in senior leadership positions in the financial services and banking
industries. In addition, Ms. Barrat has over 10 years experience serving on boards of other public companies and non-profit entities. Ms. Bibliowicz has more than 25 years of experience in senior leadership
positions in the financial services and investment management industries. In addition, Ms. Bibliowicz also has experience in serving on the boards of other public companies, investment companies, and non-profit
organizations. Ms. Booth has more than 35 years of experience in senior leadership positions in the investment management and investment banking industries. Ms. Booth is currently a Partner of Trinity Private Equity
Group. In addition to her experience in senior leadership positions with private companies, Ms. Booth has experience serving on the boards of other entities. Mr. Cronin, an Interested Trustee of the Trust and
other funds advised by the Investment Manager since 2009, has served as a Vice President of the Trust and other funds advised by the Investment Manager since 2009 and has held senior positions with Prudential
Financial (and American Skandia, which was purchased by Prudential Financial) since 1998.
Specific details about each
Trustee's professional experience is set forth in the professional biography tables, above.
Risk Oversight.
Investing in general and the operation of a mutual fund involve a variety of risks, such as investment risk, compliance risk, and operational risk, among others. The Board oversees risk as
part of its oversight of the Trust. Risk oversight is addressed as part of various regular Board and committee activities. The Board, directly or through its committees, reviews reports from among others, the
Investment Manager, sub-advisers, the Trust's Chief Compliance Officer, the Trust's independent registered public accounting firm, counsel, and internal auditors of the Investment Manager or its affiliates, as
appropriate, regarding risks faced by the Trust and the risk
management programs of the Investment Manager and
certain service providers. The actual day-to-day risk management with respect to the Trust resides with the Investment Manager and other service providers to the Trust. Although the risk management policies of the
Investment Manager and the service providers are designed to be effective, those policies and their implementation vary among service providers and over time, and there is no guarantee that they will be effective. Not
all risks that may affect the Trust can be identified or processes and controls developed to eliminate or mitigate their occurrence or effects, and some risks are simply beyond any control of the Trust or the
Investment Manager, its affiliates or other service providers.
Selection of Trustee Nominees.
The Governance Committee is responsible for considering trustee nominees for Trustees at such times as it considers electing new members to the Board. The Governance Committee may consider
recommendations by business and personal contacts of current Board members, and by executive search firms which the Committee may engage from time to time and will also consider shareholder recommendations. The
Governance Committee has not established specific, minimum qualifications that it believes must be met by a nominee. In evaluating nominees, the Governance Committee considers, among other things, an individual's
background, skills, and experience; whether the individual is an “interested person” as defined in the 1940 Act; and whether the individual would be deemed an “audit committee financial expert”
within the meaning of applicable SEC rules. The Governance Committee also considers whether the individual's background, skills, and experience will complement the background, skills, and experience of other nominees
and will contribute to the diversity of the Board. There are no differences in the manner in which the Governance Committee evaluates nominees for the Board based on whether the nominee is recommended by a
shareholder.
A shareholder who wishes to
recommend a director for nomination should submit his or her recommendation in writing to the Chair of the Board (Thomas T. Mooney) or the Chair of the Governance Committee (Delayne D. Gold), in either case in care of
the Trust, at 655 Broad Street, 17
th
Floor, Newark, New Jersey 07102-4077. At a minimum, the recommendation should include: the name, address, and business, educational, and/or
other pertinent background of the person being recommended; a statement concerning whether the person is an “interested person” as defined in the 1940 Act; any other information that the Trust would be
required to include in a proxy statement concerning the person if he or she was nominated; and the name and address of the person submitting the recommendation, together with the number of shares held by such person
and the period for which the shares have been held. The recommendation also can include any additional information which the person submitting it believes would assist the Governance Committee in evaluating the
recommendation.
Shareholders should note that a
person who owns securities issued by Prudential Financial, Inc. (the parent company of the Trust's Manager) would be deemed an “interested person” under the 1940 Act. In addition, certain other
relationships with Prudential Financial, Inc. or its subsidiaries, with registered broker-dealers, or with the Trust's outside legal counsel may cause a person to be deemed an “interested person.” Before
the Governance Committee decides to nominate an individual to the Board, Committee members and other Board members customarily interview the individual in person. In addition, the individual customarily is asked to
complete a detailed questionnaire which is designed to elicit information which must be disclosed under SEC and stock exchange rules and to determine whether the individual is subject to any statutory disqualification
from serving on the board of a registered investment company.
Shareholder Communications with the
Board of Trustees.
Shareholders of the Trust can communicate directly with the Board of Trustees by writing to the Chair of the Board, c/o the Trust, 1 Corporate Drive, Shelton, CT 06484. Shareholders can
communicate directly with an individual Trustee by writing to that Trustee, c/o the Trust, 1 Corporate Drive, Shelton, CT 06484. Such communications to the Board or individual Trustees are not screened before being
delivered to the addressee.
Board Committee Meetings (for most recently completed fiscal year)
|
|
Audit Committee
|
Governance Committee
|
Compliance Committee
|
Investment Review and Risk Committee
|
4
|
5
|
4
|
6
|
Share Ownership.
Information relating to each Trustee's share ownership in the Trust, other funds that are overseen by the respective Trustee as well as any other funds that are managed by the Manager as
of the most recently completed calendar year is set forth in the chart below.
Name
|
Dollar Range of Equity
Securities in the Trust
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of
Equity Securities Owned
by Trustee in All
Registered Investment
Companies in Fund Complex*
|
Trustee Share Ownership
|
|
|
Susan Davenport Austin
|
None
|
over $100,000
|
Name
|
Dollar Range of Equity
Securities in the Trust
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of
Equity Securities Owned
by Trustee in All
Registered Investment
Companies in Fund Complex*
|
Sherry S. Barrat
|
None
|
over $100,000
|
Jessica M. Bibiliowicz
|
None
|
None
|
Kay Ryan Booth
|
None
|
over $100,000
|
Timothy S. Cronin
|
None
|
over $100,000
|
Delayne Dedrick Gold
|
None
|
over $100,000
|
Robert F. Gunia
|
None
|
over $100,000
|
W. Scott McDonald, Jr.
|
None
|
over $100,000
|
Thomas T. Mooney
|
None
|
over $100,000
|
Thomas M. O'Brien
|
None
|
over $100,000
|
* “Fund Complex”
includes Advanced Series Trust, The Prudential Series Fund, Prudential’s Gibraltar Fund, Inc., the Prudential Investments Funds, Target Funds, and any other funds that are managed by the Investment Manager.
Because the Portfolios of the Trust
serve as investment options under variable annuity and life insurance contracts, federal tax law prohibits the sale of Portfolio shares directly to individuals, including the Trustees. Individuals, including a
Trustee, may, however, have an interest in a Portfolio if he or she purchases a variable contract and selects the Portfolio as an investment option.
Other than as set forth in the
following paragraph, none of the Independent Trustees, or any member of his/her immediate family, owned beneficially or of record any securities in an investment adviser or principal underwriter of the Trust or a
person (other than a registered investment company) directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with an investment adviser or principal underwriter of a Portfolio as of the most recently
completed calendar year.
As of December 31, 2014, Ms.
Bibliowicz was the beneficial owner of stock issued by BlackRock, Inc. (BlackRock), Franklin Resources, Inc. (Franklin), JP Morgan Chase & Co. (JP Morgan) and T. Rowe Price Group, Inc. (T. Rowe Price) due to the
ownership of such stock by trusts of which Ms. Bibliowicz is the grantor and of which her sons are the beneficiaries (the Bibliowicz Trusts). BlackRock, Franklin, JP Morgan and T. Rowe Price each directly or
indirectly control, are controlled by, or are under common control with a subadviser to one or more Portfolios of the Trust. The Bibliowicz Trusts sold all shares of stock of the subadviser affiliates as of January
28-29, 2015. The proceeds from the sales are as follows: BlackRock ($62,054.82); Franklin ($133,322.40); JP Morgan ($79,746.20); and T. Rowe Price ($39,186). Due to the ownership of such stock by the Bibliowicz
Trusts, Ms. Bibliowicz was an “interested person” as defined by the 1940 Act of the following Portfolios of the Trust for the periods identified: AST Franklin Templeton Founding Funds Allocation Portfolio,
AST Franklin Templeton Founding Funds Plus Portfolio, AST Franklin Templeton K2 Global Absolute Return Portfolio and AST Templeton Global Bond Portfolio (September 17, 2014 through January 28, 2015); AST Academic
Strategies Asset Allocation Portfolio, AST High Yield Portfolio, AST J.P. Morgan Global Thematic Portfolio, AST J.P. Morgan International Equity Portfolio, AST J.P. Morgan Strategic Opportunities Portfolio, AST Small
Cap Value Portfolio, AST BlackRock Global Strategies Portfolio, AST BlackRock iShares ETF Portfolio and AST BlackRock Multi-Asset Income Portfolio (September 17, 2014 through January 29, 2015); and AST Advanced
Strategies Portfolio, AST T. Rowe Price Asset Allocation Portfolio, AST T. Rowe Price Diversified Real Growth Portfolio, AST T. Rowe Price Equity Income Portfolio, AST T. Rowe Price Growth Opportunities Portfolio, AST
T. Rowe Price Large-Cap Growth Portfolio and AST T. Rowe Price Natural Resources Portfolio (October 30, 2014 through January 28, 2015).
MANAGEMENT AND ADVISORY
ARRANGEMENTS
TRUST MANAGEMENT
. PI, 655 Broad Street, Newark, New Jersey, serves as the investment manager of the Portfolio covered by this Statement of Additional Information.
As of September
30, 2015, PI served as the investment manager to all of the Prudential US and offshore open-end investment companies, and as administrator to closed-end investment companies, with aggregate assets of approximately
$242.7 billion. PI is a wholly-owned subsidiary of PIFM HoldCo LLC, which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Prudential Asset Management Holding Company, which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Prudential Financial. PI has
been in the business of providing advisory services since 1996.
Services Provided by the Investment
Manager
. Pursuant to a Management Agreements with the Trust (the Management Agreement), the Investment Manager, subject to the supervision of the Trust's Board and in conformity with the stated
policies of the Portfolios, manages both the investment operations and composition of each Portfolio, including the purchase, retention, disposition and loan of securities and other assets. In connection therewith,
the Investment Manager is obligated to keep certain books and records of the Portfolios. The Investment Manager is authorized to enter into subadvisory agreements for investment advisory services in connection with
the management of the Portfolios. The Investment Manager continues to have responsibility for all investment advisory services performed pursuant to any such subadvisory agreements.
The Investment Manager is
specifically responsible for overseeing and managing the Portfolios and the subadvisers. In this capacity, the Investment Manager reviews the performance of the Portfolios and the subadvisers and makes recommendations
to the Board with respect to the retention of investment subadvisers, the renewal of contracts, and the reorganization and merger of Portfolios, and other legal and compliance matters. The Investment Manager utilizes
the Strategic Investments Research Group (SIRG), a unit of PI, to assist the Investment Manager in regularly evaluating and supervising the Portfolios and the subadvisers, including with respect to investment
performance. SIRG is a centralized research department of PI that is comprised of a group of highly experienced analysts. SIRG utilizes proprietary processes to analyze large quantities of industry data, both on a
qualitative and quantitative level, in order to effectively oversee the Portfolios and the subadvisers. The Investment Manager utilizes this data in directly overseeing the Portfolios and the subadvisers. SIRG
provides reports to the Board and presents to the Board at special and regularly scheduled Board meetings. The Investment Manager bears the cost of the oversight program maintained by SIRG.
In addition, the Investment Manager
generally provides all of the administrative functions necessary for the organization, operation and management of the Trust and its Portfolios. The Investment Manager administers the Trust's corporate affairs and, in
connection therewith, furnish the Trust with office facilities, together with those ordinary clerical and bookkeeping services which are not being furnished by, the Trust's custodian (the Custodian), and the Trust's
transfer agent. The Investment Manager is also responsible for the staffing and management of dedicated groups of legal, marketing, compliance and related personnel necessary for the operation of the Trust. The legal,
marketing, compliance and related personnel are also responsible for the management and oversight of the various service providers to the Trust, including, but not limited to, the custodian, transfer agent, and
accounting agent. The management services of the Investment Manager to the Trust are not exclusive under the terms of the Management Agreement and the Investment Manager is free to, and do, render management services
to others.
The primary administrative services
furnished by the Investment Manager is more specifically detailed below:
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furnishing of office facilities;
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paying salaries of all officers and other employees of the Investment Manager who are responsible for managing the Trust and the Portfolios;
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monitoring financial and shareholder accounting services provided by the Trust’s custodian and transfer agent;
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providing assistance to the service providers of the Trust and the Portfolios, including, but not limited to, the custodian, transfer agent, and accounting agent;
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monitoring, together with each subadviser, each Portfolio’s compliance with its investment policies, restrictions, and with federal and state laws and regulations, including federal and state securities laws,
the Internal Revenue Code and other relevant federal and state laws and regulations;
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preparing and filing all required federal, state and local tax returns for the Trust and the Portfolios;
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preparing and filing with the SEC on Form N-CSR the Trust’s annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders, including supervising financial printers who provide related support services;
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preparing and filing with the SEC required quarterly reports of portfolio holdings on Form N-Q;
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preparing and filing the Trust’s registration statement with the SEC on Form N-1A, as well as preparing and filing with the SEC supplements and other documents, as applicable;
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preparing compliance, operations and other reports required to be received by the Trust’s Board and/or its committees in support of the Board’s oversight of the Trust; and
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organizing the regular and any special meetings of the Board of the Trust, including the preparing Board materials and agendas, preparing minutes, and related functions.
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Expenses Borne by the Investment
Manager.
In connection with its management of the corporate affairs of the Trust, the Investment Manager bear certain expenses, including, but not limited to:
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the salaries and expenses of all of their and the Trust's personnel except the fees and expenses of Trustees who are not affiliated persons of the Investment Manager or any subadviser;
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all expenses incurred by the Investment Manager or the Trust in connection with managing the ordinary course of a Trust's business, other than those assumed by the Trust as described below;
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the fees, costs and expenses payable to any investment subadvisers pursuant to Subadvisory Agreements between the Investment Manager and such investment subadvisers; and
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with respect to the compliance services provided by the Investment Manager, the cost of the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer, the Trust’s Deputy Chief Compliance Officer, and all personnel who provide
compliance services for the Trust, and all of the other costs associated with the Trust’s compliance program, which includes the management and operation of the compliance program responsible for compliance
oversight of the Portfolios and the subadvisers.
|
Expenses Borne by the Trust.
Under the terms of the Management Agreement, the Trust is responsible for the payment of Trust expenses not paid by the Investment Manager, including:
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the fees and expenses incurred by the Trust in connection with the management of the investment and reinvestment of the Trust's assets payable to the Investment Manager;
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the fees and expenses of Trustees who are not affiliated persons of the Investment Manager or any subadviser;
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the fees and certain expenses of the custodian and transfer and dividend disbursing agent, including the cost of providing records to the Investment Manager in connection with their obligation of maintaining
required records of the Trust and of pricing the Trust's shares;
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the charges and expenses of the Trust's legal counsel and independent auditors;
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brokerage commissions and any issue or transfer taxes chargeable to the Trust in connection with its securities (and futures, if applicable) transactions;
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all taxes and corporate fees payable by the Trust to governmental agencies;
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the fees of any trade associations of which the Trust may be a member;
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the cost of share certificates representing and/or non-negotiable share deposit receipts evidencing shares of the Trust;
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the cost of fidelity, directors and officers and errors and omissions insurance;
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the fees and expenses involved in registering and maintaining registration of the Trust and of its shares with the SEC and paying notice filing fees under state securities laws, including the preparation and
printing of the Trust's registration statements and prospectuses for such purposes;
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allocable communications expenses with respect to investor services and all expenses of shareholders' and Trustees' meetings and of preparing, printing and mailing reports and notices to shareholders; and
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litigation and indemnification expenses and other extraordinary expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of the Trust's business and distribution and service (12b-1) fees.
|
Terms of the Management
Agreement
. The Management Agreement provides that the Investment Manager will not be liable for any error of judgment by PI or for any loss suffered by the Trust in connection with the matters to
which the Management Agreement relates, except a loss resulting from a breach of fiduciary duty with respect to the receipt of compensation for services (in which case any award of damages shall be limited to the
period and the amount set forth in Section 36(b)(3) of the 1940 Act) or loss resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence or reckless disregard of duties. The Management Agreement provides that it
will terminate automatically, if assigned (as defined in the 1940 Act), and that it may be terminated without penalty by either the Investment Manager or the Trust by the Board or vote of a majority of the outstanding
voting securities of the Trust, (as defined in the 1940 Act) upon not more than 60 days nor less than 30 days written notice. The Management Agreement will continue in effect for a period of more than two years from
the date of execution only so long as such continuance is specifically approved at least annually in accordance with the requirements of the 1940 Act.
Fees payable under the Management
Agreement are computed daily and paid monthly. The Investment Manager may from time to time waive all or a portion of its management fee and subsidize all or a portion of the operating expenses of a Portfolio.
Management fee waivers and subsidies will increase a Portfolio's total return. These voluntary waivers may be terminated at any time without notice.
The manager-of-managers structure
operates under exemptive orders issued by the SEC. The orders permit us to hire subadvisers or amend subadvisory agreements, without shareholder approval.
The most recent order imposes the
following conditions:
1. Before a Portfolio may rely on
the order requested in the application, the operation of the Portfolio in the manner described in the application, including the hiring of wholly-owned subadvisers, will be, or has been, approved by a majority of the
Portfolio’s outstanding voting securities as defined in the 1940 Act, which in the case of a master fund will include voting instructions provided by shareholders of the feeder funds investing in such master
fund or other voting arrangements that comply with section 12(d)(1)(E)(iii)(aa) of the 1940 Act (or, in the case of an insurance-related Portfolio, pursuant to the voting instructions provided by contract owners with
assets allocated to any registered separate account for which the Portfolio serves as a funding medium), or, in the case of a new Portfolio whose public shareholders purchase shares on the basis of a prospectus
containing the disclosure contemplated by condition 2 below, by the sole initial shareholder before offering the Portfolio’s shares to the public.
2. The prospectus for each
Portfolio, and in the case of a master fund relying on the requested relief, the prospectus for each feeder fund investing in such master fund, will disclose the existence, substance and effect of any order granted
pursuant to the application. Each Portfolio (and any such feeder fund) will hold itself out to the public as employing the Multi-Manager Structure described in the application. Each prospectus will prominently
disclose that the Investment Manager have the ultimate responsibility, subject to oversight by the Board, to oversee the subadvisers and recommend their hiring, termination, and replacement.
3. The Investment Manager will
provide general management services to a Portfolio, including overall supervisory responsibility for the general management and investment of the Portfolio’s assets. Subject to review and approval of the Board,
the Investment Manager will (a) set a Portfolio’s overall investment strategies, (b) evaluate, select, and recommend subadvisers to manage all or a portion of a Portfolio’s assets, and (c) implement
procedures reasonably designed to ensure that subadvisers comply with a Portfolio’s investment objective, policies and restrictions. Subject to review by the Board, the Investment Manager will (a) when
appropriate, allocate and reallocate a Portfolio’s assets among subadvisers; and (b) monitor and evaluate the performance of subadvisers.
4. A Portfolio will not make any
ineligible subadviser changes without the approval of the shareholders of the applicable Portfolio, which in the case of a master fund will include voting instructions provided by shareholders of the feeder fund
investing in such master fund or other voting arrangements that comply with section 12(d)(1)(E)(iii)(aa) of the 1940 Act.
5. A Portfolio will inform
shareholders, and if the Portfolio is a master fund, shareholders of any feeder funds, of the hiring of a new subadviser within 90 days after the hiring of the new subadviser pursuant to the Modified Notice and Access
Procedures.
6. At all times, at least a
majority of the Board will be Independent Trustees, and the selection and nomination of new or additional Independent Trustees will be placed within the discretion of the then-existing Independent Trustees.
7. Independent legal counsel, as
defined in rule 0-1(a)(6) under the 1940 Act, will be engaged to represent the Independent Trustees. The selection of such counsel will be within the discretion of the then-existing Independent Trustees.
8. The Investment Manager will
provide the Board, no less frequently than quarterly, with information about the profitability of the Investment Manager on a per Portfolio basis. The information will reflect the impact on profitability of the hiring
or termination of any subadviser during the applicable quarter.
9. Whenever a subadviser is hired
or terminated, the Investment Manager will provide the Board with information showing the expected impact on the profitability of the Investment Manager.
10. Whenever a subadviser change is
proposed for a Portfolio with an affiliated subadviser or a wholly-owned subadviser, the Board, including a majority of the Independent Trustees, will make a separate finding, reflected in the Board minutes, that such
change is in the best interests of the Portfolio and its shareholders, and if the Portfolio is a master fund, the best interests of any applicable feeder funds and their respective shareholders, and does not involve a
conflict of interest from which the Investment Manager or the affiliated subadviser or wholly-owned subadviser derives an inappropriate advantage.
11. No Board member or officer of a
Prudential investment company, a Portfolio, or a feeder fund that invests in a Portfolio that is a master fund, or director, manager or officer of the Investment Manager, will own directly or indirectly (other than
through a pooled investment vehicle that is not controlled by such person) any interest in a subadviser except for (a) ownership of interests in the Investment Manager or any entity, other than a wholly-owned
subadviser, that controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with the Investment Manager, or (b) ownership of less than 1% of the outstanding securities of any class of equity or debt of any publicly traded
company that is either a subadviser or an entity that controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, a subadviser.
12. Each Portfolio and any feeder
fund that invests in a Portfolio that is a master fund will disclose an aggregate fee disclosure in its registration statement.
13. In the event the SEC adopts a
rule under the 1940 Act providing substantially similar relief to that requested in the application, the requested order will expire on the effective date of that rule.
14. Any new Subadvisory Agreement
or any amendment to a Portfolio’s existing Investment Management Agreement or Subadvisory Agreement that directly or indirectly results in an increase in the aggregate advisory fee rate payable by the Portfolio
will be submitted to the Portfolio’s shareholders for approval.
The tables below set forth the
applicable contractual management fee rate for each Portfolio and the management fees paid by the Investment Manager for each Portfolio for the indicated fiscal years.
Management Fee Rates (effective January 4, 2016 and thereafter)
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|
Portfolio
|
Contractual Fee Rate
|
AST Bond Portfolio 2027*
|
0.4925% of average daily net assets to $500 million;
0.4725% on next $4.5 billion of average daily net assets;
0.4625% on next $5 billion of average daily net assets;
0.4525% over $10 billion of average daily net assets
|
*The current contractual
investment management fee for each of the AST Bond Portfolio 2016, AST Bond Portfolio 2017, AST Bond Portfolio 2018, AST Bond Portfolio 2019, AST Bond Portfolio 2020, AST Bond Portfolio 2021, AST Bond Portfolio 2022,
AST Bond Portfolio 2023, AST Bond Portfolio 2024, AST Bond Portfolio 2025, AST Bond Portfolio 2026, AST Bond Portfolio 2027 and AST Investment Grade Bond Portfolio is subject to certain breakpoints. The assets of each
of these Portfolios will be aggregated for purposes of determining the fee rate applicable to each Portfolio.
Management Fees Paid by the Portfolios
|
|
|
|
Portfolio
|
2015
|
2014
|
2013
|
AST Bond Portfolio 2027
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
FEE WAIVERS/SUBSIDIES.
PI may from time to time waive all or a portion of its management fee and/or subsidize all or a portion of the operating expenses of the Portfolio. Fee waivers and subsidies will increase
the Portfolio's return.
PI has agreed to waive a portion of
its management fee and/or limit total expenses (expressed as an annual percentage of average daily net assets) for certain Portfolios of the Fund, as set forth in the table below. The expense limitations may be
discontinued or otherwise modified at any time.
Fee Waivers & Expense Limitations
|
|
Portfolio
|
Fee Waiver and/or Expense Limitation
|
AST Bond Portfolio 2027*
|
limit Portfolio expenses to 0.93%
|
*The Manager has
contractually agreed to waive a portion of its investment management fees and/or reimburse certain expenses of the Portfolio so that the Portfolio's investment management fees plus other expenses (exclusive in all
cases of taxes, interest, brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses, and extraordinary expenses) do not exceed 0.93% of the Portfolio's average daily net assets through June 30, 2017. This waiver may not
be terminated prior to June 30, 2017 without the prior approval of the Trust’s Board of Trustees.
SUBADVISER.
The Manager has entered into a subadvisory agreement with the subadviser. The subadvisory agreement provides that the subadviser will furnish investment advisory services in connection
with the management of the Portfolio. In connection therewith, the subadviser is obligated to keep certain books and records of the Trust. Under the subadvisory agreement, the subadviser, subject to the supervision of
the Manager, is responsible for managing the assets of the Portfolio in accordance with the Portfolio's investment objectives, investment program and policies. The subadviser determines what securities and other
instruments are purchased and sold for the Portfolio and are responsible for obtaining and evaluating financial data relevant to the Portfolio. The Manager continues to have responsibility for all investment advisory
services pursuant to the Management Agreement and supervises the subadviser’s performance of such services.
Pursuant to the subadvisory
agreement, the Manager pays the subadviser a fee. The tables below set forth the current fee rates and fees paid by the Manager to the subadviser for the three most recent fiscal years. The fee rates represent the
fees as a percentage of average daily net assets.
As discussed in the Prospectus, the
Manager employs the subadviser under a “manager of managers” structure that allows the Manager to replace the subadviser or amend a subadvisory agreement without seeking shareholder approval. The Manager
is authorized to select (with approval of the Board's independent trustees) one or more subadvisers to handle the actual day-to-day investment management of the Portfolio. The Manager monitors the subadviser's
performance through quantitative and qualitative analysis and periodically report to the Board as to whether the subadviser's agreement should be renewed, terminated or modified. It is possible that the Manager will
continue to be satisfied with the performance record of the existing subadvisers and not recommend any additional subadvisers. The Manager is also responsible for allocating assets among the subadvisers if the
Portfolio has more than one subadviser. In those circumstances, the allocation for each subadviser can range from 0% to 100% of the Portfolio's assets, and the Manager can change the allocations without Board or
shareholder approval. The Manager will review the allocations periodically and may adjust them without prior notice. The annual update to the Trust's prospectus will reflect these adjustments. Shareholders will be
notified of any new subadvisers or materially amended subadvisory agreements.
Portfolio Subadviser and Fee Rates
|
|
|
Portfolio
|
Subadviser
|
Fee Rate*
|
AST Bond Portfolio 2027
|
PGIM, Inc. (PGIM)**
|
0.15% of average daily net assets to $500 million;
0.14% on next $1.5 billion of average daily net assets;
0.12% over $2 billion of average daily net assets
|
* The combined average
daily net assets of the AST Bond Portfolio 2016, AST Bond Portfolio 2017, AST Bond Portfolio 2018, AST Bond Portfolio 2019, AST Bond Portfolio 2020, AST Bond Portfolio 2021, AST Bond Portfolio 2022, AST Bond Portfolio
2023, AST Bond Portfolio 2024, AST Bond Portfolio 2025, AST Bond Portfolio 2026, and AST Bond Portfolio 2027 and the AST Investment Grade Bond Portfolio will include the assets of future portfolios of the Trust that
are subadvised by PGIM pursuant to target maturity or constant duration investment strategies that are used in connection with non-discretionary asset transfers under certain living benefit programs.
** PGIM, Inc., the umbrella organization for
the various Prudential asset management businesses, was formerly named Prudential Investment Management, Inc.
Subadvisory Fees Paid by PI
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolio
|
Subadviser
|
2015
|
2014
|
2013
|
AST Bond Portfolio 2027
|
PGIM
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS: OTHER
ACCOUNTS
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
—
Other Accounts and Portfolio Ownership.
The following table sets forth information about the Portfolio and accounts other than the Portfolio for which the Portfolio's portfolio managers (the Portfolio Managers) are primarily
responsible for the day-to-day portfolio management as of the Trust's most recently completed fiscal year. The table shows, for each portfolio manager, the number of accounts managed and the total assets in such
accounts, within each of the following categories: registered investment companies, other pooled investment vehicles, and other accounts. For each category, the number of accounts and total assets in the accounts
whose fees are based on performance is indicated in italics typeface. The tables also set forth the dollar range of equity securities of the Portfolio of the Trust beneficially owned by the Portfolio Managers as of
the Trust's most recently completed fiscal year.
AST Bond Portfolio 2027
|
Subadviser
|
Portfolio Managers
|
Registered Investment
Companies*
|
Other Pooled Investment
Vehicles*
|
Other Accounts*
|
Ownership of Fund
Securities
|
PGIM, Inc.
|
Richard Piccirillo
|
36/$33,927,817,419
|
25/$10,402,662,823
2/$0
|
118/$42,910,650,466
|
None
|
|
Malcolm Dalrymple
|
31/$20,074,976,182
|
17/$3,201,463,054
|
65/$15,519,508,216
1/$85,805,772
|
None
|
|
Erik Schiller, CFA
|
35/$11,343,973,642
|
22/$9,670,279,937
2/$2,836,596,752
|
119/$30,972,790,956
2/$337,552,576
|
None
|
|
David Del Vecchio
|
30/$20,030,567,609
|
17/$3,201,463,054
|
65/$15,519,508,216
1/$85,805,772
|
None
|
*Information is as of October 31, 2015.
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS:
COMPENSATION & CONFLICTS POLICIES
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS—COMPENSATION AND CONFLICTS OF INTEREST.
Set forth below, for each portfolio manager, is an explanation of the structure of and method(s) used by each subadviser to determine, portfolio manager compensation. Also set forth below,
for each portfolio manager, is an explanation of any material conflicts of interest that may arise between a portfolio manager's management of the Portfolio's investments and investments in other accounts.
PRUDENTIAL INVESTMENTS LLC
PORTFOLIO MANAGER
COMPENSATION.
Prudential provides compensation opportunities to eligible employees to motivate and reward the achievement of outstanding results by providing market-based programs that:
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Attract and reward highly qualified employees
|
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Align with critical business goals and objectives
|
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Link to the performance results relevant to the business segment and Prudential
|
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Retain top performers
|
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Pay for results and differentiate levels of performance
|
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Foster behaviors and contributions that promote Prudential's success
|
The components of compensation for
a Vice President in Prudential Investments consists of base salary, annual incentive compensation and long term incentive compensation.
Base Pay Overview:
The Prudential compensation structure is organized in grades, each with its own minimum and maximum base pay (i.e., salary). The grades reflect pay patterns in the market. Each job in the
plan—from CEO through an entry-level job—is included in one of the grades. The main determinant of placement in the base pay structure is market data. On an annual basis, Corporate Compensation collects
and analyzes market data to determine if any change to the placement of job in the structure is necessary to maintain market competitiveness. If necessary, structural compensation changes (e.g., increases to base pay
minimum and maximums) will be effective on the plan's effective date for base pay increases.
Annual Incentive Compensation
Overview:
The plan provides an opportunity for all participants to share in the annual results of Prudential, as well as the results of their division or profit center. Results are reviewed and
incentive payments are made as early as practicable after the close of the plan year. Incentive payments are awarded based on organizational performance—which determines the available dollar amounts—and
individual performance. Individual performance will be evaluated on the basis of contributions relative to others in the organization. Incentive payments are granted from a budgeted amount of money that is made
available by the Company. Initial budgets are developed by determining the competitive market rates for incentives as compared to our comparator companies. Each organization's budget pool may be increased or decreased
based on organizational performance. Organizational performance is determined by a review of performance relative to our comparator group, as well as key measures indicated in our business plan, such as Return on
Required Equity (RORE), earnings and revenue growth.
Long Term Incentive Compensation
Overview:
In addition, executives at the Vice President level and above are eligible to participate in a long term incentive program to provide an ownership stake in Prudential Financial. Long-Term
incentives currently consist of restricted stock and stock options. The stock options vest
1
⁄
3
per year over 3 years and the restricted stock vests 100% at the end of 3 years.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST.
PI follows Prudential Financial's policies on business ethics, personal securities trading by investment personnel, and information barriers and has adopted a code of ethics, allocation
policies, supervisory procedures and conflicts of interest policies, among other policies and procedures, which are designed to ensure that clients are not harmed by these potential or actual conflicts of interests;
however, there is no guarantee that such policies and procedures will detect and ensure avoidance, disclosure or mitigation of each and every situation in which a conflict may arise.
PGIM, INC.
(“PGIM”)
COMPENSATION
. The base salary of an investment professional in the Prudential Fixed Income unit of PGIM
(“Prudential Fixed Income”) is based on market data relative to similar positions as well as the past performance, years of experience and scope of responsibility of the
individual. Incentive compensation, including the annual cash bonus, the long-term equity grant and grants under Prudential Fixed Income’s long-term incentive plan, is primarily based on such person’s
contribution to Prudential Fixed Income’s goal of providing investment performance to clients consistent with portfolio objectives, guidelines and risk parameters and market-based data such as compensation
trends and levels of overall compensation for similar positions in the asset management industry. In addition, an investment professional’s qualitative contributions to the organization are considered in
determining incentive compensation. Incentive compensation is not solely based on the performance of, or value of assets in, any single account or group of client accounts.
An investment professional’s
annual cash bonus is paid from an annual incentive pool. The pool is developed as a percentage of Prudential Fixed Income’s operating income and is refined by business metrics, which may include:
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business development initiatives, measured primarily by growth in operating income;
|
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the number of investment professionals receiving a bonus; and/or
|
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investment performance of portfolios: (i) relative to appropriate peer groups and/or (ii) as measured against relevant investment indices.
|
Long-term compensation consists of
Prudential Financial restricted stock and grants under the long-term incentive plan. Grants under the long-term incentive plan are participation interests in notional accounts with a beginning value of a specified
dollar amount. The value attributed to these notional accounts increases or decreases over a defined period of time based, in part, on the performance of investment composites representing a number of Prudential Fixed
Income’s most frequently marketed investment strategies. An investment composite is an aggregation of accounts with similar investment strategies. The long-term incentive plan is designed to more closely align
compensation with investment performance and the growth of Prudential Fixed Income’s business. Both the restricted stock and participation interests are subject to vesting requirements.
Conflicts of Interest.
Like other investment advisers, Prudential Fixed Income is subject to various conflicts of interest in the ordinary course of its business. Prudential Fixed Income strives to identify
potential risks, including conflicts of interest, that are inherent in its business, and conducts annual conflict of interest reviews. When actual or potential conflicts of interest are identified, Prudential Fixed
Income seeks to address such conflicts through one or more of the following methods:
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elimination of the conflict;
|
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disclosure of the conflict; or
|
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|
management of the conflict through the adoption of appropriate policies and procedures.
|
Prudential Fixed Income follows the
policies of Prudential Financial, Inc. (Prudential Financial) on business ethics, personal securities trading by investment personnel, and information barriers. Prudential Fixed Income has adopted a code of ethics,
allocation policies and conflicts of interest policies, among others, and has adopted supervisory procedures to monitor compliance with its policies. Prudential Fixed Income cannot guarantee, however, that its
policies and procedures will detect and prevent, or assure disclosure of, each and every situation in which a conflict may arise.
Side-by-Side Management of Accounts
and Related Conflicts of Interest.
Prudential Fixed Income’s side-by-side management of multiple accounts can create conflicts of interest. Examples are detailed below, followed by a discussion of how Prudential Fixed
Income addresses these conflicts.
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Performance Fees— Prudential Fixed Income manages accounts with asset-based fees alongside accounts with performance-based fees. This side-by-side management may be deemed to create an incentive for Prudential
Fixed Income and its investment professionals to favor one account over another. Specifically, Prudential Fixed Income could be considered to have the incentive to favor accounts for which it receives performance
fees, and possibly take greater investment risks in those accounts, in order to bolster performance and increase its fees.
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Affiliated accounts— Prudential Fixed Income manages accounts on behalf of its affiliates as well as unaffiliated accounts. Prudential Fixed Income could be considered to have an incentive to favor accounts of
affiliates over others.
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Large accounts—large accounts typically generate more revenue than do smaller accounts and certain of Prudential Fixed Income’s strategies have higher fees than others. As a result, a portfolio manager
could be considered to have an incentive when allocating scarce investment opportunities to favor accounts that pay a higher fee or generate more income for Prudential Fixed Income.
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Long only and long/short accounts— Prudential Fixed Income manages accounts that only allow it to hold securities long as well as accounts that permit short selling. Prudential Fixed Income may, therefore,
sell a security short in some client accounts while holding the same security long in other client accounts. These short sales could reduce the value of the securities held in the long only accounts. In addition,
purchases for long only accounts could have a negative impact on the short positions.
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Securities of the same kind or class— Prudential Fixed Income may buy or sell for one client account securities of the same kind or class that are purchased or sold for another client at prices that may be
different. Prudential Fixed Income may also, at any time, execute trades of securities of the same kind or class in one direction for an account and in the opposite direction for another account due to differences in
investment strategy or client direction. Different strategies trading in the same securities or types of securities may appear as inconsistencies in Prudential Fixed Income’s management of multiple accounts
side-by-side.
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Financial interests of investment professionals— Prudential Fixed Income investment professionals may invest in investment vehicles that it advises. Also, certain of these investment vehicles are options under
the 401(k) and deferred compensation plans offered by Prudential Financial. In addition, the value of grants under Prudential Fixed Income’s long-term incentive plan is affected by the performance of certain
client accounts. As a result, Prudential Fixed Income investment professionals may have financial interests in accounts managed by Prudential Fixed Income or that are related to the performance of certain client
accounts.
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Non-discretionary accounts or models— Prudential Fixed Income provides non-discretionary investment advice and non-discretionary model portfolios to some clients and manages others on a
discretionary basis. Trades in non-discretionary accounts could occur before, in concert with, or after Prudential Fixed Income executes similar trades in its discretionary accounts. The non-discretionary clients may
be disadvantaged if Prudential Fixed Income delivers the model investment portfolio or investment advice to them after it initiates trading for the discretionary clients, or vice versa.
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How Prudential Fixed Income
Addresses These Conflicts of Interest.
Prudential Fixed Income has developed policies and procedures designed to address the conflicts of interest with respect to its different types of side-by-side management described
above.
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The head of Prudential Fixed Income and its chief investment officer periodically review and compare performance and performance attribution for each client account within its various strategies.
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In keeping with Prudential Fixed Income’s fiduciary obligations, its policy with respect to trade aggregation and allocation is to treat all of its accounts fairly and equitably over time.
Prudential Fixed Income’s trade management oversight committee, which generally meets quarterly, is responsible for providing oversight with respect to trade aggregation and allocation. Prudential Fixed Income
has compliance procedures with respect to its aggregation and allocation policy that include independent monitoring by its compliance group of the timing, allocation and aggregation of trades and the allocation of
investment opportunities. In addition, its compliance group reviews a sampling of new issue allocations and related documentation each month to confirm compliance with the allocation procedures. Prudential Fixed
Income’s compliance group reports the results of the monitoring processes to its trade management oversight committee. Prudential Fixed Income’s trade management oversight committee reviews forensic
reports of new issue allocation throughout the year so that new issue allocation in each of its strategies is reviewed at least once during each year. This forensic analysis includes such data as: (i) the number of
new issues allocated in the strategy; (ii) the size of new issue allocations to each portfolio in the strategy; and (iii) the profitability of new issue transactions. The results of these analyses are reviewed and
discussed at Prudential Fixed Income’s trade management oversight committee meetings. Prudential Fixed Income’s
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trade management oversight committee also reviews forensic reports on the allocation of trading opportunities in the secondary market. The procedures above are designed to detect patterns and anomalies in Prudential
Fixed Income’s side-by-side management and trading so that it may assess and improve its processes.
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Prudential Fixed Income has policies and procedures that specifically address its side-by-side management of long/short and long only portfolios. These policies address potential conflicts that could
arise from differing positions between long/short and long only portfolios. In addition, lending opportunities with respect to securities for which the market is demanding a slight premium rate over normal market
rates are allocated to long only accounts prior to allocating the opportunities to long/short accounts.
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Conflicts Related to Prudential
Fixed Income’s Affiliations.
As an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Prudential Financial, Prudential Fixed Income is part of a diversified, global financial services organization. Prudential Fixed Income is
affiliated with many types of U.S. and non-U.S. financial service providers, including insurance companies, broker-dealers, commodity trading advisors, commodity pool operators and other investment advisers. Some of
its employees are officers of some of these affiliates.
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Conflicts Arising Out of Legal Restrictions
. Prudential Fixed Income may be restricted by
law, regulation or contract as to how much, if any, of a particular security it may purchase or sell on behalf of a client, and as to the timing of such purchase or sale. These restrictions
may apply as a result of its relationship with Prudential Financial and its other affiliates. For example, Prudential Fixed Income’s holdings of a security on behalf of its clients may, under some SEC rules, be
aggregated with the holdings of that security by other Prudential Financial affiliates. These holdings could, on an aggregate basis, exceed certain reporting thresholds that are monitored, and Prudential Fixed Income
may restrict purchases to avoid exceeding these thresholds. In addition, Prudential Fixed Income could receive material, non-public information with respect to a particular issuer and, as a result, be unable to
execute transactions in securities of that issuer for its clients. For example, Prudential Fixed Income’s bank loan team often invests in private bank loans in connection with which the borrower provides
material, non-public information, resulting in restrictions on trading securities issued by those borrowers. Prudential Fixed Income has procedures in place to carefully consider whether to intentionally accept
material, non-public information with respect to certain issuers. Prudential Fixed Income is generally able to avoid receiving material, non-public information from its affiliates and other units within PGIM by
maintaining information barriers. In some instances, it may create an isolated information barrier around a small number of its employees so that material, non-public information received by such employees is not
attributed to the rest of Prudential Fixed Income.
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Conflicts Related to Outside Business Activity
. From time to time, certain of Prudential Fixed Income employees or officers may engage in outside business activity, including outside directorships. Any outside business activity is
subject to prior approval pursuant to Prudential Fixed Income’s personal conflicts of interest and outside business activities policy. Actual and potential conflicts of interest are analyzed during such approval
process. Prudential Fixed Income could be restricted in trading the securities of certain issuers in client portfolios in the unlikely event that an employee or officer, as a result of outside business activity,
obtains material, nonpublic information regarding an issuer. The head of Prudential Fixed Income serves on the board of directors of the operator of an electronic trading platform. Prudential Fixed Income has adopted
procedures to address the conflict relating to trading on this platform. The procedures include independent monitoring by Prudential Fixed Income’s chief investment officer and chief compliance officer and
reporting on Prudential Fixed Income’s use of this platform to the President of
PGIM.
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Conflicts Related to Investment of Client Assets in Affiliated Funds
. Prudential Fixed Income may invest client assets in funds that it manages or sub-advises for an affiliate. Prudential Fixed Income may also invest cash collateral from securities lending
transactions in these funds. These investments benefit both Prudential Fixed Income and its affiliate.
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PICA General Account
. Because of the substantial size of the general account of The Prudential Insurance Company of America (PICA), trading by PICA’s general account, including Prudential Fixed
Income’s trades on behalf of the account, may affect market prices. Although Prudential Fixed Income doesn’t expect that PICA’s general account will execute transactions that will move a market
frequently, and generally only in response to unusual market or issuer events, the execution of these transactions could have an adverse effect on transactions for or positions held by other clients.
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Conflicts Related to Securities
Holdings and Other Financial Interests
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Securities Holdings
. PGIM, Prudential Financial, PICA’s general account and accounts of other affiliates of Prudential Fixed Income (collectively, affiliated accounts) hold public and private debt and
equity securities of a large number of issuers and may invest in some of the same companies as other client accounts but at different levels in the capital structure. These investments can result in conflicts between
the interests of the affiliated accounts and the interests of Prudential Fixed Income’s clients. For example: (i) Affiliated accounts can hold the senior debt of an issuer whose subordinated debt is held by
Prudential Fixed Income’s clients or hold secured debt of an issuer whose public unsecured debt is held in client accounts. In the event of restructuring or insolvency, the affiliated accounts as holders of
senior debt may exercise remedies and take other actions that are not in the interest of, or are adverse to, other clients that are the holders of junior debt. (ii) To the extent permitted by applicable law,
Prudential Fixed Income may also invest client assets in offerings of securities the proceeds of which are used to repay debt obligations held in affiliated accounts or other client accounts. Prudential Fixed
Income’s interest in having the debt repaid creates a conflict of interest. Prudential Fixed Income has adopted a refinancing policy to address this conflict. Prudential Fixed Income may be unable to invest
client assets in the securities of certain issuers as a result of the investments described above.
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Conflicts Related to the Offer and Sale of Securities.
Certain of Prudential Fixed Income’s employees may offer and sell securities of, and interests in, commingled funds that it manages or sub-advises. There is an incentive for Prudential
Fixed Income’s employees to offer these securities to investors regardless of whether the investment is appropriate for such investor since increased assets in these vehicles will result in increased advisory
fees to it. In addition, such sales could result in increased compensation to the employee.
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Conflicts Related to Long-Term Compensation.
The performance of many client accounts is not reflected in the calculation of changes in the value of participation interests under Prudential Fixed Income’s long-term incentive plan.
This may be because the composite representing the strategy in which the account is managed is not one of the composites included in the calculation or because the account is excluded from a specified composite due to
guideline restrictions or other factors. As a result of the long-term incentive plan, Prudential Fixed Income’s portfolio managers from time to time have financial interests related to the investment performance
of some, but not all, of the accounts they manage. To address potential conflicts related to these financial interests, Prudential Fixed Income has procedures, including trade allocation and supervisory review
procedures, designed to ensure that each of its client accounts is managed in a manner that is consistent with Prudential Fixed Income’s fiduciary obligations, as well as with the account’s investment
objectives, investment strategies and restrictions. For example, Prudential Fixed Income’s chief investment officer reviews performance among similarly managed accounts with the head of Prudential Fixed Income
on a quarterly basis.
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Other Financial Interests
. Prudential Fixed Income and its affiliates
may also have financial interests or relationships with issuers whose securities it invests in for client accounts. These interests can include debt or equity financing, strategic corporate
relationships or investments, and the offering of investment advice in various forms. For example, Prudential Fixed Income may invest client assets in the securities of issuers that are also its advisory
clients.
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In general, conflicts related to
the securities holdings and financial interests described above are addressed by the fact that Prudential Fixed Income makes investment decisions for each client independently considering the best economic interests
of such client.
Conflicts Related to Valuation and
Fees.
When client accounts hold illiquid
or difficult to value investments, Prudential Fixed Income faces a conflict of interest when making recommendations regarding the value of such investments since its management fees are generally based on the value of
assets under management. Prudential Fixed Income believes that its valuation policies and procedures mitigate this conflict effectively and enable it to value client assets fairly and in a manner that is consistent
with the client’s best interests.
Conflicts Related to Securities
Lending Fees
When Prudential Fixed Income
manages a client account and also serves as securities lending agent for the account, it could be considered to have the incentive to invest in securities that would yield higher securities lending rates. This
conflict is mitigated by the fact that Prudential Fixed Income’s advisory fees are generally based on the value of assets in a client’s account. In addition, Prudential Fixed Income’s securities
lending function has a separate reporting line to its chief operating officer (rather than its chief investment officer).
OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS
CUSTODIAN.
The Bank of New York Mellon Corp., One Wall Street, New York, New York 10286 serves as Custodian for the Trust's portfolio securities and cash, and in that capacity, maintains certain
financial accounting books and records pursuant to an agreement with the Trust. Subcustodians provide custodial services for any foreign assets held outside the United States.
TRANSFER AGENT AND SHAREHOLDER
SERVICING AGENT.
Prudential Mutual Fund Services LLC (PMFS), 655 Broad Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, serves as the transfer and dividend disbursing agent of the Trust. PMFS is an affiliate of PI. PMFS
provides customary transfer agency services to the Trust, including the handling of shareholder communications, the processing of shareholder transactions, the maintenance of shareholder account records, the payment
of dividends and distributions, and related functions. For these services, PMFS receives compensation from the Trust and is reimbursed for its transfer agent expenses which include an annual fee per shareholder
account, a monthly inactive account fee per shareholder account and its out-of-pocket expenses; including but not limited to postage, stationery, printing, allocable communication expenses and other costs.
BNY Mellon Asset Servicing (U.S.)
Inc. (BNYAS) serves as sub-transfer agent to the Trust. PMFS has contracted with BNYAS, 301 Bellevue Parkway, Wilmington, Delaware 19809, to provide certain administrative functions to the Transfer Agent. PMFS will
compensate BNYAS for such services.
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC
ACCOUNTING FIRM.
KPMG LLP, 345 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10154 served as the Trust's independent registered public accounting firm for the five fiscal years ended December 31, 2014, and in that
capacity will audit the annual financial statements for the Trust for the next fiscal year.
SECURITIES LENDING
AGENT.
PGIM, Inc. (PGIM) serves as securities lending agent for the Portfolios of the Trust and in that role administers the Portfolios' securities lending program. For its services, PGIM
receives a portion of the amount earned by lending securities. Because the Portfolio is new, it has not paid PGIM any amount as securities lending agent for the Portfolio. The Trust currently sells its shares only to
insurance company separate accounts to fund the Contracts. The Trust has no principal underwriter or distributor. See the prospectus for your Contract for more information on distribution arrangements related to your
Contract.
DISTRIBUTOR.
The Trust has distribution arrangements with PAD, pursuant to which PAD serves as the distributor for the shares of the Portfolio. PAD is an affiliate of the Manager.
The Trust’s distribution
agreement with respect to the Trust and the Portfolio (Distribution Agreement) has been approved by the Board, including a majority of the Independent Trustees, with respect to the Portfolio. The Distribution
Agreement will remain in effect from year to year provided that the Distribution Agreement’s continuance is approved annually by (i) a majority of the Independent Trustees who are not parties to the agreement
and, if applicable, who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Shareholder Services and Distribution Plan (the 12b-1Plan) or any such related agreement, by a vote cast in person at a
meeting called for the purpose of voting on such Agreements and (ii) either by a vote of a majority of the Trustees or a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Trust, as
applicable.
The Trust has adopted the 12b-1Plan
in the manner prescribed under Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act. Under the 12b-1Plan, the Portfolio is authorized to pay PAD an annual shareholder services and distribution fee of 0.25% of the Portfolio’s average
daily net assets.
The shareholder services and
distribution fee paid by the Portfolio to PAD is intended to compensate PAD and its affiliates for various administrative services, including but not limited to the filing, printing and delivery of the Trust’s
prospectus and statement of additional information, annual and semi-annual shareholder reports, and other required regulatory documents, responding to shareholder questions and inquiries relating to the Portfolio, and
related functions and services. In addition, pursuant to the 12b-1Plan, the fee is intended to compensate PAD and its affiliates for various services rendered and expenses incurred in connection with activities
intended to result in the sale or servicing of the shares of the Portfolio. These activities include, but are not limited to, the following:
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printing and mailing of prospectuses, statements of additional information, supplements, proxy statement materials, and annual and semi-annual reports for current owners of variable life or variable annuity
contracts indirectly investing in the shares (the Contracts);
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reconciling and balancing separate account investments in the Portfolio;
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reconciling and providing notice to the Trust of net cash flow and cash requirements for net redemption orders;
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confirming transactions;
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providing Contract owner services related to investments in the Portfolio, including assisting the Trust with proxy solicitations, including providing solicitation and tabulation services, and investigating and
responding to inquiries from Contract owners that relate to the Portfolio;
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providing periodic reports to the Trust and regarding the Portfolio to third-party reporting services;
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paying compensation to and expenses, including overhead, of employees of PAD and other broker-dealers and financial intermediaries that engage in the distribution of the shares including, but not limited to,
commissions, service fees and marketing fees;
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printing and mailing of prospectuses, statements of additional information, supplements and annual and semi-annual reports for prospective Contract owners;
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paying expenses relating to the development, preparation, printing and mailing of advertisements, sales literature, and other promotional materials describing and/or relating to the Portfolio;
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paying expenses of holding seminars and sales meetings designed to promote the distribution of the shares;
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paying expenses of obtaining information and providing explanations to Contract owners regarding investment objectives, policies, performance and other information about the Trust and the Portfolio;
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paying expenses of training sales personnel regarding the Portfolio; and
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providing other services and bearing other expenses for the benefit of the Portfolio, including activities primarily intended to result in the sale of shares of the Trust.
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The 12b-1Plan is of a type known as
a “compensation” plan because payments are made for services rendered to the covered portfolios of the Trust regardless of the level of actual expenditures by PAD. However, as part of their oversight of
the operations of the Trust and the 12b-1Plan, the Trustees consider and examine all payments made to PAD and all expenditures by PAD for purposes of reviewing operations under the 12b-1Plan. As required under Rule
12b-1, the 12b-1Plan provides that PAD and any other person(s) authorized to direct the disposition of monies paid or payable by the Portfolio pursuant to the 12b-1Plan or any related agreement will provide to the
Board, and the Trustees shall review, at least quarterly, a written report of the amounts so expended and the purposes for which such expenditures were made. Fees payable to PAD under the 12b-1Plan are accrued daily
and paid bi-weekly.
The 12b-1Plan and any related
agreement will continue in effect, with respect to the Portfolio, for a period of more than one year only so long as such continuance is specifically approved at least annually by a vote of (a) the Board and
(b) the Trust’s Independent Trustees, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on the 12b-1Plan or such agreement, as applicable. In addition, the 12b-1Plan and any related agreement may
be terminated at any time with respect to the Portfolio by vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities representing the shares of the Portfolio. The
12b-1Plan may not be amended to increase materially
the amount of distribution and shareholder service fees permissible with respect to the Portfolio until it has been approved by the Board and by a vote of at least a majority of the outstanding voting securities
representing the shares of the Portfolio.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS &
BROKERAGE
The Trust has adopted a policy
pursuant to which the Trust and its Investment Manager, Subadvisers, and principal underwriter are prohibited from directly or indirectly compensating a broker-dealer for promoting or selling Trust shares by directing
brokerage transactions to that broker. The Trust has adopted procedures for the purpose of deterring and detecting any violations of the policy. The policy permits the Trust, the Investment Manager, and the
Subadvisers to use selling brokers to execute transactions in portfolio securities so long as the selection of such selling brokers is the result of a decision that executing such transactions is in the best interest
of the Trust and is not influenced by considerations about the sale of Trust shares.
The Investment Manager is
responsible for decisions to buy and sell securities, futures contracts and options on such securities and futures for the Trust, the selection of brokers, dealers and futures commission merchants to effect the
transactions and the negotiation of brokerage commissions, if any. On a national securities exchange, broker-dealers may receive negotiated brokerage commissions on Trust portfolio transactions, including options,
futures, and options on futures transactions and the purchase and sale of underlying securities upon the exercise of options. On a foreign securities exchange, commissions may be fixed. For purposes of this section,
the term “Investment Manager” includes the investment Subadvisers. Orders may be directed to any broker or futures commission merchant including, to the extent and in the manner permitted by applicable
laws, affiliates of the Investment Manager and/or Subadvisers (an affiliated broker). Brokerage commissions on US securities, options and futures exchanges or boards of trade are subject to negotiation between the
Investment Manager and the broker or futures commission merchant.
In the over-the-counter market,
securities are generally traded on a “net” basis with dealers acting as principal for their own accounts without a stated commission, although the price of the security usually includes a profit to the
dealer. In underwritten offerings, securities are purchased at a fixed price which includes an amount of compensation to the underwriter, generally referred to as the underwriter's concession or discount. On occasion,
certain money market instruments and US government agency securities may be purchased directly from the issuer, in which case no commissions or discounts are paid. The Trust will not deal with an affiliated broker in
any transaction in which an affiliated broker acts as principal except in accordance with the rules of the SEC.
In placing orders for portfolio
securities of the Trust, the Investment Manager's overriding objective is to obtain the best possible combination of favorable price and efficient execution. The Investment Manager seeks to effect such transaction at
a price and commission that provides the most favorable total cost of proceeds reasonably attainable in the circumstances. The factors that the Investment Manager may consider in selecting a particular broker, dealer
or futures commission merchant (firms) are the Investment Manager's knowledge of negotiated commission rates currently available and other current transaction costs; the nature of the portfolio transaction; the size
of the transaction; the desired timing of the trade; the activity existing and expected in the market for the particular transaction; confidentiality; the execution, clearance and settlement capabilities of the firms;
the availability of research and research related services provided through such firms; the Investment Manager's knowledge of the financial stability of the firms; the Investment Manager's knowledge of actual or
apparent operational problems of firms; and the amount of capital, if any, that would be contributed by firms executing the transaction. Given these factors, the Trust may pay transaction costs in excess of that which
another firm might have charged for effecting the same transaction.
When the Investment Manager selects
a firm that executes orders or is a party to portfolio transactions, relevant factors taken into consideration are whether that firm has furnished research and research-related products and/or services, such as
research reports, research compilations, statistical and economic data, computer data bases, quotation equipment and services, research-oriented computer software, hardware and services, reports concerning the
performance of accounts, valuations of securities, investment related periodicals, investment seminars and other economic services and consultations. Such services are used in connection with some or all of the
Investment Manager's investment activities; some of such services, obtained in connection with the execution of transactions for one investment account, may be used in managing other accounts, and not all of these
services may be used in connection with the Trust. The Investment Manager maintains an internal allocation procedure to identify those firms who have provided it with research and research-related products and/or
services, and the amount that was provided, and to endeavor to direct sufficient commissions to them to ensure the continued receipt of those services that the Investment Manager believes provide a benefit to the
Trust and its other clients. The Investment Manager makes a good faith determination that the research and/or service is reasonable in light of the type of service provided and the price and execution of the related
portfolio transactions.
When the Investment Manager deems
the purchase or sale of equities to be in the best interests of the Trust or its other clients, including Prudential, the Investment Manager may, but is under no obligation to, aggregate the transactions in order to
obtain the most favorable price or lower brokerage commissions and efficient execution. In such event, allocation of the transactions, as well as the expenses incurred in the transaction, will be made by the
Investment Manager in the manner it considers to be most equitable and
consistent with its fiduciary obligations to its
clients. The allocation of orders among firms and the commission rates paid are reviewed periodically by the Trust's Board. Portfolio securities may not be purchased from any underwriting or selling syndicate of which
any affiliated broker, during the existence of the syndicate, is a principal underwriter (as defined in the 1940 Act), except in accordance with rules of the SEC. This limitation, in the opinion of the Trust, will not
significantly affect the Trust's ability to pursue its present investment objective. However, in the future in other circumstances, the Trust may be at a disadvantage because of this limitation in comparison to other
Trusts with similar objectives but not subject to such limitations.
Subject to the above
considerations, an affiliated broker may act as a broker or futures commission merchant for the Trust. In order for an affiliated broker to effect any portfolio transactions for the Trust, the commissions, fees or
other remuneration received by the affiliated broker must be reasonable and fair compared to the commissions, fees or other remuneration paid to other firms in connection with comparable transactions involving similar
securities or futures being purchased or sold on an exchange or board of trade during a comparable period of time. This standard would allow the affiliated broker to receive no more than the remuneration which would
be expected to be received by an unaffiliated firm in a commensurate arm's-length transaction. Furthermore, the Trustees of the Trust, including a majority of the non-interested Directors, have adopted procedures
which are reasonably designed to provide that any commissions, fees or other remuneration paid to the affiliated broker (or any affiliate) are consistent with the foregoing standard. In accordance with Section 11 (a)
of the 1934 Act, an affiliated broker may not retain compensation for effecting transactions on a national securities exchange for the Trust unless the Trust has expressly authorized the retention of such
compensation. The affiliated broker must furnish to the Trust at least annually a statement setting forth the total amount of all compensation retained by it from transactions effected for the Trust during the
applicable period. Brokerage transactions with an affiliated broker are also subject to such fiduciary standards as may be imposed upon the broker by applicable law. Transactions in options by the Trust will be
subject to limitations established by each of the exchanges governing the maximum number of options which may be written or held by a single investor or group of investors acting in concert, regardless of whether the
options are written or held on the same or different exchanges or are written or held in one or more accounts or through one or more brokers. Thus, the number of options which the Trust may write or hold may be
affected by options written or held by the Investment Manager and other investment advisory clients of the Investment Manager. An exchange may order the liquidation of positions found to be in excess of these limits,
and it may impose certain other sanctions.
Each Portfolio participates in a
voluntary commission recapture program available through Russell Implementation Services, Inc. (Russell). Subadvisers that choose to participate in the program retains the responsibility to seek best execution and are
under no obligation to place any specific trades with a broker available through the program (each, a designated broker). A portion of commissions on trades executed through designated brokers is rebated to a
Portfolio as a credit that can be used by the Portfolio to pay expenses of the Portfolio. Because none of the Portfolios had commenced operations as of the date of this SAI, no information concerning the brokerage
commission paid by the Portfolios is included herein.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
TRUST HISTORY.
The Trust is a managed, open-end investment company organized as a Massachusetts business trust, the separate Portfolios of which are diversified, unless otherwise indicated. Formerly, the
Trust was known as the Henderson International Growth Fund, which consisted of only one Portfolio (The Henderson International Growth Fund is currently known as the AST J.P. Morgan International Equity Portfolio
(formerly known as the AST Strong International Equity Portfolio, the AST AIM International Equity Portfolio, the AST Putnam International Equity Portfolio and the Seligman Henderson International Equity
Portfolio)).The investment manager was Henderson International, Inc. Shareholders of what was, at the time, the Henderson International Growth Fund, approved certain changes in a meeting held April 17, 1992. These
changes included engagement of a new investment manager, engagement of a Subadviser and election of new Trustees. Subsequent to that meeting, the new Trustees adopted a number of resolutions, including, but not
limited to, resolutions renaming the Trust. Since that time the Trustees have adopted a number of resolutions, including, but not limited to, making new Portfolios available and adopting forms of Investment Management
Agreements and subadvisory Agreements between the investment managers and the Trust and the investment managers and each subadviser, respectively.
Effective as of May 1, 2007, the
Trust changed its name from American Skandia Trust to Advanced Series Trust.
If approved by the Trustees, the
Trust may add more Portfolios and may cease to offer any existing Portfolios in the future.
DESCRIPTION OF SHARES AND
ORGANIZATION.
As of the date of this SAI, the beneficial interest in the Trust is divided into 121 separate Portfolios, each offering one class of shares.
The Trust's Second Amended and
Restated Declaration of Trust, dated December 1, 2005, which governs certain Trust matters, permits the Trust's Board to issue multiple classes of shares, and within each class, an unlimited number of shares of
beneficial interest with a par value of $.001 per share. Each share entitles the holder to one vote for the election of Trustees and on all other matters that are not
specific to one class of shares, and to participate
equally in dividends, distributions of capital gains and net assets of each applicable Portfolio. Only shareholders of shares of a specific Portfolio may vote on matters specific to that Portfolio. Shares of one class
may not bear the same economic relationship to the Trust as shares of another class. In the event of dissolution or liquidation, holders of shares of a Portfolio will receive pro rata, subject to the rights of
creditors, the proceeds of the sale of the assets held in such Portfolio less the liabilities attributable to such Portfolio. Shareholders of a Portfolio will not be liable for the expenses, obligations or debts of
another Portfolio.
No preemptive or conversion rights
apply to any of the Trust's shares. The Trust's shares, when issued, will be fully paid, non-assessable and transferable. The Trustees may at any time create additional series of shares without shareholder
approval.
Generally, there will not be annual
meetings of shareholders of any Portfolio of the Trust. A Trustee may, in accordance with certain rules of the SEC, be removed from office when the holders of record of not less than two-thirds of the outstanding
shares either present a written declaration to the Trust's custodian or vote in person or by proxy at a meeting called for this purpose. In addition, the Trustees will promptly call a meeting of shareholders to remove
a Trustee(s) when requested to do so in writing by record holders of not less than 10% of the outstanding shares. Finally, the Trustees shall, in certain circumstances, give such shareholders access to a list of the
names and addresses of all other shareholders or inform them of the number of shareholders and the cost of mailing their request.
Under Massachusetts law,
shareholders could, under certain circumstances, be held liable for the obligations of the Trust. However, the Declaration of Trust disclaims shareholder liability for acts or obligations of the Trust and requires
that notice of such disclaimer be given in each agreement, obligation or instrument entered into or executed by the Trust or the Trustees to all parties, and each party thereto must expressly waive all rights of
action directly against shareholders. The Declaration of Trust provides for indemnification out of the Trust's property for all loss and expense of any shareholder of the Trust held liable on account of being or
having been a shareholder. Thus, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which the Trust would be unable to meet its obligations wherein
the complaining party was held not to be bound by the disclaimer.
The Declaration of Trust further
provides that the Trustees will have no personal liability to any person in connection with the Trust property or affairs of the Trust except for that arising from his bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence
or reckless disregard of his duty to that person. All persons must look solely to the Trust property for satisfaction of claims of any nature arising in connection with the Trust's affairs. In general, the Declaration
of Trust provides for indemnification by the Trust of the Trustees and officers of the Trust except with respect to any matter as to which the Trustee or officer acted in bad faith, or with willful misfeasance, gross
negligence or reckless disregard of his duties.
From time to time, Prudential
Financial, Inc. and/or its insurance company affiliates have purchased shares of the Trust to provide initial capital and to enable the Portfolios to avoid unrealistically poor investment performance that might
otherwise result because the amounts available for investment are too small. Prudential will not redeem any of its shares until a Portfolio is large enough so that redemption will not have an adverse effect upon
investment performance. Prudential will vote its shares in the same manner and in the same proportion as the shares held by the separate accounts that invest in the Trust, which in turn, are generally voted in
accordance with instructions from Contract owners.
PRINCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS
To the knowledge
of the Trust, the following persons/entities owned beneficially or of record 5% or more of the Portfolio of the Trust as of December 10, 2015. As of December 10, 2015, the Trustees and Officers of the Trust, as a
group owned less than 1% of the outstanding shares of beneficial interest of the Trust.
As of December 10, 2015, there were
no outstanding shares of the Portfolio. As a result, as of the date of this SAI, no person owned beneficially more than 5% of any class of the Portfolio’s outstanding shares.
The Participating Insurance
Companies are not obligated to continue to invest in shares of the Portfolio under all circumstances. Variable annuity and variable life insurance policy holders should refer to the prospectuses for such products for
a description of the circumstances in which such a change might occur.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Because the Portfolio has not yet
commenced operations, no financial information is available. When available, the Trust’s Annual and Semi-Annual Reports will be available upon request and without charge
PART II
INVESTMENT RISKS &
CONSIDERATIONS
Set forth below are descriptions of
some of the types of investments and investment strategies that the Portfolio may use, and the risks and considerations associated with those investments and investment strategies. The Portfolio may invest in the
types of investments and investment strategies that are consistent with its investment objective, policies and any limitations described in the prospectus and in the SAI.
ASSET-BACKED SECURITIES.
A Portfolio may invest in asset-backed securities. Asset-backed securities directly or indirectly represent a participation interest in, or are secured by and payable from, a stream of
payments generated by particular assets such as motor vehicle or credit card receivables. Payments of principal and interest may be guaranteed up to certain amounts and for a certain time period by a letter of credit
issued by a financial institution unaffiliated with the entities issuing the securities. Asset-backed securities may be classified as pass-through certificates or collateralized obligations.
Pass-through certificates are
asset-backed securities which represent an undivided fractional ownership interest in an underlying pool of assets. Pass-through certificates usually provide for payments of principal and interest received to be
passed through to their holders, usually after deduction for certain costs and expenses incurred in administering the pool. Because pass-through certificates represent an ownership interest in the underlying assets,
the holders thereof bear directly the risk of any defaults by the obligors on the underlying assets not covered by any credit support.
Asset-backed securities issued in
the form of debt instruments, also known as collateralized obligations, are generally issued as the debt of a special purpose entity organized solely for the purpose of owning such assets and issuing such debt. Such
assets are most often trade, credit card or automobile receivables. The assets collateralizing such asset-backed securities are pledged to a trustee or custodian for the benefit of the holders thereof. Such issuers
generally hold no assets other than those underlying the asset-backed securities and any credit support provided. As a result, although payments on such asset-backed securities are obligations of the issuers, in the
event of defaults on the underlying assets not covered by any credit support, the issuing entities are unlikely to have sufficient assets to satisfy their obligations on the related asset-backed securities.
Credit-Related Asset-Backed
Securities.
This type of asset-backed security is collateralized by a basket of corporate bonds or other securities, including junk bonds. Unlike the traditional asset-backed securities described
above, these asset-backed securities often do have the benefit of a security interest or ownership interest in the related collateral. With a credit-related asset-backed security, the underlying bonds have the risk of
being prepaid prior to maturity. Although generally not pre-payable at any time, some of the underlying bonds may have call options, while others may have maturity dates that are earlier than the asset-backed security
itself. As with traditional asset-backed securities described above, the Portfolio bears the risk of loss of the resulting increase or decrease in yield to maturity after a prepayment of an underlying bond. However,
the primary risk associated with credit-related asset-backed securities is the potential loss of principal associated with losses on the underlying bonds.
Collateralized Loan Obligations
(CLOs).
This type of asset-backed security is a trust typically collateralized by a pool of loans, which may include, among others, domestic and foreign senior secured loans, senior unsecured
loans, and subordinate corporate loans, as well as loans rated below investment grade or equivalent unrated loans. The risks of an investment in a CLO depend largely on the quality of the underlying loans and may be
characterized by the Portfolio as illiquid securities.
For credit-related asset-backed
securities and CLOs, the cash flows from the trust are split into two or more portions, called tranches, varying in risk and yield. The riskiest portion is the “equity” tranche which bears the bulk of
defaults from the bonds or loans in the trust and serves to protect the other, more senior tranches from default in all but the most severe circumstances. Since it is partially protected from defaults, a senior
tranche from a trust typically has higher ratings and lower yields than their underlying securities, and can be rated investment grade. Despite the protection from the equity tranche, other tranches can experience
substantial losses due to actual defaults, increased sensitivity to defaults due to collateral default and disappearance of protecting tranches, market anticipation of defaults, as well as aversion to particular
underlying assets as a class.
BORROWING.
A Portfolio may borrow up to 33
1
⁄
3
% of the value of its total assets (calculated at the time of the borrowing). The Portfolio may pledge up to 33
1
⁄
3
% of its total assets to secure these borrowings. If the Portfolio's asset coverage for borrowings falls below 300%, the Portfolio will take prompt action to reduce its borrowings. If the
Portfolio borrows to invest in securities, any investment gains made on the securities in excess of interest paid on the borrowing will cause the net asset value of the shares to rise faster than would otherwise be
the case. On the other hand, if the investment performance of the additional securities purchased fails to cover their cost (including any interest paid on the money borrowed) to the Portfolio, the net asset value of
the Portfolio's shares will decrease faster than would otherwise be the case. This is the speculative factor known as “leverage.”
A Portfolio may borrow from time to
time, at the investment subadviser's discretion, to take advantage of investment opportunities, when yields on available investments exceed interest rates and other expenses of related borrowing, or when, in the
investment adviser's opinion, unusual market conditions otherwise make it advantageous for the Portfolio to increase its investment capacity. A Portfolio will only borrow when there is an expectation that it will
benefit a Portfolio after taking into account considerations such as interest income and possible losses upon liquidation. Borrowing by a Portfolio creates an opportunity for increased net income but, at the same
time, creates risks, including the fact that leverage may exaggerate changes in the net asset value of Portfolio shares and in the yield on a Portfolio. A Portfolio may borrow through forward rolls, dollar rolls or
reverse repurchase agreements, although no Portfolio currently has any intention of doing so, except for portfolios managed by PIMCO and Wellington Management.
CONVERTIBLE SECURITIES.
Convertible securities entitle the holder to receive interest payments paid on corporate debt securities or the dividend preference on a preferred stock until such time as the convertible
security matures or is redeemed or until the holder elects to exercise the conversion privilege. The characteristics of convertible securities make them appropriate investments for an investment company seeking a high
total return from capital appreciation and investment income. These characteristics include the potential for capital appreciation as the value of the underlying common stock increases, the relatively high yield
received from dividend or interest payments as compared to common stock dividends and decreased risks of decline in value relative to the underlying common stock due to their fixed income nature. As a result of the
conversion feature, however, the interest rate or dividend preference on a convertible security is generally less than would be the case if the securities were issued in nonconvertible form.
In analyzing convertible
securities, the Investment Manager will consider both the yield on the convertible security relative to its credit quality and the potential capital appreciation that is offered by the underlying common stock, among
other things.
Convertible securities are issued
and traded in a number of securities markets. Even in cases where a substantial portion of the convertible securities held by a Portfolio are denominated in US dollars, the underlying equity securities may be quoted
in the currency of the country where the issuer is domiciled. With respect to convertible securities denominated in a currency different from that of the underlying equity securities, the conversion price may be based
on a fixed exchange rate established at the time the security is issued. As a result, fluctuations in the exchange rate between the currency in which the debt security is denominated and the currency in which the
share price is quoted will affect the value of the convertible security. As described below, a Portfolio is authorized to enter into foreign currency hedging transactions in which it may seek to reduce the effect of
such fluctuations.
Apart from currency considerations,
the value of convertible securities is influenced by both the yield of nonconvertible securities of comparable issuers and by the value of the underlying common stock. The value of a convertible security viewed
without regard to its conversion feature (i.e., strictly on the basis of its yield) is sometimes referred to as its “investment value.” To the extent interest rates change, the investment value of the
convertible security typically will fluctuate. However, at the same time, the value of the convertible security will be influenced by its “conversion value,” which is the market value of the underlying
common stock that would be obtained if the convertible security were converted. Conversion value fluctuates directly with the price of the underlying common stock. If, because of a low price of the common stock the
conversion value is substantially below the investment value of the convertible security, the price of the convertible security is governed principally by its investment value.
To the extent the conversion value
of a convertible security increases to a point that approximates or exceeds its investment value, the price of the convertible security will be influenced principally by its conversion value. A convertible security
will sell at a premium over the conversion value to the extent investors place value on the right to acquire the underlying common stock while holding a fixed income security. The yield and conversion premium of
convertible securities issued in Japan and the Euromarket are frequently determined at levels that cause the conversion value to affect their market value more than the securities' investment value.
Holders of convertible securities
generally have a claim on the assets of the issuer prior to the common stockholders but may be subordinated to other debt securities of the same issuer. A convertible security may be subject to redemption at the
option of the issuer at a price established in the charter provision, indenture or other governing instrument pursuant to which the convertible security was issued. If a convertible security held by a Portfolio is
called for redemption, the Portfolio will be required to redeem the security, convert it into the underlying common stock or sell it to a third party. Certain convertible debt securities may provide a put option to
the holder, which entitles the holder to cause the security to be redeemed by the issuer at a premium over the stated principal amount of the debt security under certain circumstances.
Synthetic convertible securities
may be either (i) a debt security or preferred stock that may be convertible only under certain contingent circumstances or that may pay the holder a cash amount based on the value of shares of underlying common stock
partly or wholly in lieu of a conversion right (a Cash-Settled Convertible), (ii) a combination of separate securities chosen by the Investment Manager in order to create the economic characteristics of a convertible
security, i.e., a fixed income security paired with a security with equity conversion features, such as an option or warrant (a Manufactured Convertible) or (iii) a synthetic security manufactured by another party.
Synthetic convertible securities
may include either Cash-Settled Convertibles or Manufactured Convertibles. Cash-Settled Convertibles are instruments that are created by the issuer and have the economic characteristics of traditional convertible
securities but may not actually permit conversion into the underlying equity securities in all circumstances. As an example, a private company may issue a Cash-Settled Convertible that is convertible into common stock
only if the company successfully completes a public offering of its common stock prior to maturity and otherwise pays a cash amount to reflect any equity appreciation. Manufactured Convertibles are created by the
Investment Manager by combining separate securities that possess one of the two principal characteristics of a convertible security, i.e., fixed income (fixed income component) or a right to acquire equity securities
(convertibility component). The fixed income component is achieved by investing in nonconvertible fixed income securities, such as nonconvertible bonds, preferred stocks and money market instruments. The
convertibility component is achieved by investing in call options, warrants, or other securities with equity conversion features (equity features) granting the holder the right to purchase a specified quantity of the
underlying stocks within a specified period of time at a specified price or, in the case of a stock index option, the right to receive a cash payment based on the value of the underlying stock index.
A Manufactured Convertible differs
from traditional convertible securities in several respects. Unlike a traditional convertible security, which is a single security having a unitary market value, a Manufactured Convertible is comprised of two or more
separate securities, each with its own market value. Therefore, the total “market value” of such a Manufactured Convertible is the sum of the values of its fixed income component and its convertibility
component.
More flexibility is possible in the
creation of a Manufactured Convertible than in the purchase of a traditional convertible security. Because many corporations have not issued convertible securities, the Investment Manager may combine a fixed income
instrument and an equity feature with respect to the stock of the issuer of the fixed income instrument to create a synthetic convertible security otherwise unavailable in the market. The Investment Manager may also
combine a fixed income instrument of an issuer with an equity feature with respect to the stock of a different issuer when the Investment Manager believes such a Manufactured Convertible would better promote a
Portfolio's objective than alternate investments. For example, the Investment Manager may combine an equity feature with respect to an issuer's stock with a fixed income security of a different issuer in the same
industry to diversify the Portfolio's credit exposure, or with a US Treasury instrument to create a Manufactured Convertible with a higher credit profile than a traditional convertible security issued by that issuer.
A Manufactured Convertible also is a more flexible investment in that its two components may be purchased separately and, upon purchasing the separate securities, “combined” to create a Manufactured
Convertible. For example, a Portfolio may purchase a warrant for eventual inclusion in a Manufactured Convertible while postponing the purchase of a suitable bond to pair with the warrant pending development of more
favorable market conditions.
The value of a Manufactured
Convertible may respond differently to certain market fluctuations than would a traditional convertible security with similar characteristics. For example, in the event a Portfolio created a Manufactured Convertible
by combining a short-term US Treasury instrument and a call option on a stock, the Manufactured Convertible would likely outperform a traditional convertible of similar maturity that is convertible into that stock
during periods when Treasury instruments outperform corporate fixed income securities and underperform during periods when corporate fixed income securities outperform Treasury instruments.
CORPORATE LOANS.
Commercial banks and other financial institutions make corporate loans to companies that need capital to grow or restructure. Borrowers generally pay interest on corporate loans at rates
that change in response to changes in market interest rates such as the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or the prime rate of US banks. As a result, the value of corporate loan investments is generally less
responsive to shifts in market interest rates. Because the trading market for corporate loans is less developed than the secondary market for bonds and notes, a Portfolio may experience difficulties from time to time
in selling its corporate loans. Borrowers frequently provide collateral to secure repayment of these obligations. Leading financial institutions often act as agent for a broader group of lenders, generally referred to
as a “syndicate.” The syndicate's agent arranges the corporate loans, holds collateral and accepts payments of principal and interest. If the agent develops financial problems, a Portfolio may not recover
its investment, or there might be a delay in the Portfolio's recovery. By investing in a corporate loan, a Portfolio becomes a member of the syndicate.
As in the case of junk bonds, the
Corporate Loans in which a Portfolio may invest can be expected to provide higher yields than higher-rated fixed income securities but may be subject to greater risk of loss of principal and income. There are,
however, some significant differences between Corporate Loans and junk bonds. Corporate Loans are frequently secured by pledges of liens and
security interests in the assets of the borrower,
and the holders of Corporate Loans are frequently the beneficiaries of debt service subordination provisions imposed on the borrower's bondholders. These arrangements are designed to give Corporate Loan investors
preferential treatment over junk bond investors in the event of a deterioration in the credit quality of the issuer. Even when these arrangements exist, however, there can be no assurance that the principal and
interest owed on the Corporate Loans will be repaid in full. Corporate Loans generally bear interest at rates set at a margin above a generally recognized base lending rate that may fluctuate on a day-to-day basis, in
the case of the Prime Rate of a US bank, or that may be adjusted on set dates, typically 30 days but generally not more than one year, in the case of LIBOR. Consequently, the value of Corporate Loans held by a
Portfolio may be expected to fluctuate significantly less than the value of fixed rate junk bond instruments as a result of changes in the interest rate environment. On the other hand, the secondary dealer market for
Corporate Loans is not as well developed as the secondary dealer market for junk bonds, and therefore presents increased market risk relating to liquidity and pricing concerns.
A Portfolio may acquire interests
in Corporate Loans by means of a novation, assignment or participation. In a novation, a Portfolio would succeed to all the rights and obligations of the assigning institution and become a contracting party under the
credit agreement with respect to the debt obligation. As an alternative, a Portfolio may purchase an assignment, in which case the Portfolio may be required to rely on the assigning institution to demand payment and
enforce its rights against the borrower but would otherwise typically be entitled to all of such assigning institution's rights under the credit agreement. Participation interests in a portion of a debt obligation
typically result in a contractual relationship only with the institution selling the participation interest and not with the borrower. In purchasing a loan participation, a Portfolio generally will have no right to
enforce compliance by the borrower with the terms of the loan agreement, nor any rights of set-off against the borrower, and the Portfolio may not directly benefit from the collateral supporting the debt obligation in
which it has purchased the participation. As a result, a Portfolio will assume the credit risk of both the borrower and the institution selling the participation to the Portfolio.
CYBER SECURITY RISK.
With the increasing use of technology and computer systems in general and, in particular, the Internet to conduct necessary business functions, each Portfolio is susceptible to
operational, information security and related risks. These risks, which are often collectively referred to as “cyber security” risks, may include deliberate or malicious attacks, as well as unintentional
events and occurrences. Cyber security is generally defined as the technology, operations and related protocol surrounding and protecting a user’s computer hardware, network, systems and applications and the
data transmitted and stored therewith. These measures ensure the reliability of a user’s systems, as well as the security, availability, integrity, and confidentiality of data assets.
Deliberate cyber attacks can
include, but are not limited to, gaining unauthorized access to computer systems in order to misappropriate and/or disclose sensitive or confidential information; deleting, corrupting or modifying data; and causing
operational disruptions. Cyber attacks may also be carried out in a manner that does not require gaining unauthorized access, such as causing denial-of-service attacks on websites (in order to prevent access to
computer networks). In addition to deliberate breaches engineered by external actors, cyber security risks can also result from the conduct of malicious, exploited or careless insiders, whose actions may result in the
destruction, release or disclosure of confidential or proprietary information stored on an organization’s systems.
Cyber security failures or
breaches, whether deliberate or unintentional, arising from a Portfolio’s third-party service providers (e.g., custodians, financial intermediaries, transfer agents), subadvisers, shareholder usage of unsecure
systems to access personal accounts, as well as breaches suffered by the issuers of securities in which the Portfolio invests, may cause significant disruptions in the business operations of the Portfolio. Potential
impacts may include, but are not limited to, potential financial losses for the Portfolio and the issuers’ securities, the inability of shareholders to conduct transactions with the Portfolio, an inability of
the Portfolio to calculate net asset value (NAV), and disclosures of personal or confidential shareholder information.
In addition to direct impacts on
Portfolio shareholders, cyber security failures by a Portfolio and/or its service providers and others may result in regulatory inquiries, regulatory proceedings, regulatory and/or legal and litigation costs to the
Portfolio, and reputational damage. The Portfolio may incur reimbursement and other expenses, including the costs of litigation and litigation settlements and additional compliance costs. The Portfolio may also incur
considerable expenses in enhancing and upgrading computer systems and systems security following a cyber security failure.
The rapid proliferation of
technologies, as well as the increased sophistication and activities of organized crime, hackers, terrorists, and others continue to pose new and significant cyber security threats. Although the Portfolio and its
service providers and subadvisers may have established business continuity plans and risk management systems to mitigate cyber security risks, there can be no guarantee or assurance that such plans or systems will be
effective, or that all risks that exist, or may develop in the future, have been completely anticipated and identified or can be protected against. Furthermore, the Portfolio cannot control or assure the efficacy of
the cyber security plans and systems implemented by third-party service providers, the subadvisers, and the issuers in which a Portfolio invests.
DEBT SECURITIES.
Debt securities, such as bonds, involve credit risk. This is the risk that the issuer will not make timely payments of principal and interest. The degree of credit risk depends on the
issuer's financial condition and on the terms of the bonds. Changes in an issuer's credit rating or the market's perception of an issuer's creditworthiness may also affect the value of a Portfolio's investment in that
issuer. Credit risk is reduced to the extent a Portfolio limits its debt investments to US Government securities. All debt securities, however, are subject to interest rate risk. This is the risk that the value of the
security may fall when interest rates rise. In general, the market price of debt securities with longer maturities will go up or down more in response to changes in interest rates than the market price of shorter-term
securities.
DEPOSITARY RECEIPTS.
A Portfolio may invest in the securities of foreign issuers in the form of Depositary Receipts or other securities convertible into securities of foreign issuers. Depositary Receipts may
not necessarily be denominated in the same currency as the underlying securities into which they may be converted. American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) and American Depositary Shares (ADSs) are receipts or shares
typically issued by an American bank or trust company that evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by a foreign corporation. European Depositary Receipts (EDRs) are receipts issued in Europe that evidence a
similar ownership arrangement. Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs) are receipts issued throughout the world that evidence a similar arrangement. Generally, ADRs and ADSs, in registered form, are designed for use in the
US securities markets, and EDRs, in bearer form, are designed for use in European securities markets. GDRs are tradable both in the United States and in Europe and are designed for use throughout the world. A
Portfolio may invest in unsponsored Depositary Receipts. The issuers of unsponsored Depositary Receipts are not obligated to disclose material information in the United States, and, therefore, there may be less
information available regarding such issuers and there may not be a correlation between such information and the market value of the Depositary Receipts. Depositary Receipts are generally subject to the same risks as
the foreign securities that they evidence or into or for which they may be converted or exchanged.
DERIVATIVES.
A Portfolio may use instruments referred to as derivatives. Derivatives are financial instruments the value of which is derived from another security, a commodity (such as gold or oil), a
currency or an index (a measure of value or rates, such as the S&P 500 Index or the prime lending rate). Derivatives allow a Portfolio to increase or decrease the level of risk to which the Portfolio is exposed
more quickly and efficiently than transactions in other types of instruments. Each Portfolio may use Derivatives for hedging purposes. A Portfolio may also use derivatives to seek to enhance returns. The use of a
Derivative is speculative if the Portfolio is primarily seeking to achieve gains, rather than offset the risk of other positions. When the Portfolio invests in a Derivative for speculative purposes, the Portfolio will
be fully exposed to the risks of loss of that Derivative, which may sometimes be greater than the Derivative's cost. No Portfolio may use any Derivative to gain exposure to an asset or class of assets that it would be
prohibited by its investment restrictions from purchasing directly.
EXCHANGE-TRADED FUNDS.
Each Portfolio may invest in Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs). ETFs, which may be unit investment trusts or mutual funds, typically hold portfolios of securities designed to track the
performance of various broad securities indexes or sectors of such indexes. ETFs provide another means, in addition to futures and options on indexes, of including stock index exposure in these Portfolios' investment
strategies. A Portfolio will indirectly bear its proportionate share of any management fees and other expenses paid by such ETF. In addition, an investment in an ETF generally presents the same primary risks as an
investment in a conventional fund (i.e., one that is not exchange-traded) that has the same investment objectives, strategies, and policies.
HEDGING.
Hedging is a strategy in which a Derivative or security is used to offset the risks associated with other Portfolio holdings. Losses on the other investment may be substantially reduced by
gains on a Derivative that reacts in an opposite manner to market movements. While hedging can reduce losses, it can also reduce or eliminate gains or cause losses if the market moves in a different manner than
anticipated by the Portfolio or if the cost of the Derivative outweighs the benefit of the hedge. Hedging also involves the risk that changes in the value of the Derivative will not match those of the holdings being
hedged as expected by a Portfolio, in which case any losses on the holdings being hedged may not be reduced or may be increased. The inability to close options and futures positions also could have an adverse impact
on a Portfolio's ability to hedge effectively its portfolio. There is also a risk of loss by the Portfolio of margin deposits or collateral in the event of bankruptcy of a broker with whom the Portfolio has an open
position in an option, a futures contract or a related option. There can be no assurance that a Portfolio's hedging strategies will be effective or that hedging transactions will be available to a Portfolio. No
Portfolio is required to engage in hedging transactions and each Portfolio may choose not to do so.
INDEXED AND INVERSE SECURITIES.
A Portfolio may invest in securities the potential return of which is based on an index or interest rate. As an illustration, a Portfolio may invest in a security whose value is based on
changes in a specific index or that pays interest based on the current value of an interest rate index, such as the prime rate. A Portfolio may also invest in a debt security that returns principal at maturity based
on the level of a securities index or a basket of securities, or based on the relative changes of two indices. In addition, a Portfolio may invest in securities the potential return of which is based inversely on the
change in an index or interest rate (that is, a security the value of which will move in the opposite direction of changes to an index or interest rate). For example, a Portfolio may invest in securities that pay a
higher rate of interest when a particular index decreases and pay a lower rate
of interest (or do not fully return principal) when
the value of the index increases. If a Portfolio invests in such securities, it may be subject to reduced or eliminated interest payments or loss of principal in the event of an adverse movement in the relevant
interest rate, index or indices. Indexed and inverse securities may involve credit risk, and certain indexed and inverse securities may involve leverage risk, liquidity risk and currency risk. A Portfolio may invest
in indexed and inverse securities for hedging purposes or to seek to increase returns. When used for hedging purposes, indexed and inverse securities involve correlation risk. (Furthermore, where such a security
includes a contingent liability, in the event of such an adverse movement, a Portfolio may be required to pay substantial additional margin to maintain the position.)
The Investment Manager recently
reevaluated the financial statement presentation of certain inverse securities, which are commonly referred to as inverse floaters, under the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 140 (FAS
140). The application of the provisions of FAS 140 entailed a reclassification of transactions in which a Portfolio sells a municipal bond to a special purpose trust in order to create an inverse floater which the
Portfolio receives from such trust in a financing transaction. The trust also issues floating rate notes to third parties. The Portfolio receives interest payments on inverse floaters that bear an inverse relationship
to the interest paid on the floating rate notes. These transactions were previously classified as a sale for financial statement presentation purposes. While such inverse floaters expose the Portfolio to leverage
risk, they do not constitute borrowings for purposes of the Portfolio's restrictions on borrowings. The application of the provisions of FAS 140 with respect to inverse floaters otherwise acquired by the Portfolio is
not currently subject to this reevaluation.
Future financial statements for a
Portfolio will reflect the application of the provisions of FAS 140, regardless of materiality. Pursuant to FAS 140, the Portfolio will record interest on the full amount of the municipal bonds held in the special
purpose trusts as interest income and the Portfolio also will record the interest to holders of the floating rate certificates and fees associated with the trust as interest expense in the Statement of Operations.
This change will cause the Portfolio's expense ratio to increase. However, neither the Portfolio's net income nor its distributions to shareholders is impacted since the increase in interest expense will be offset by
a corresponding amount of increased income on the bonds now deemed to be owned by the Portfolio (instead of only the interest the Portfolio received on the inverse floater certificates it held directly).
To the extent that a Portfolio owns
such inverse floaters as of the financial reporting period end, another important change pursuant to FAS 140 is that the Portfolio's gross assets would increase by the par amount of the floating rate certificates
issued by the affected special purpose trusts, with a corresponding increase in the Portfolio's liabilities. The Portfolio's net assets and net asset value per share should not be affected by this change in accounting
because the increase in gross assets will be offset by a corresponding increase in liabilities.
INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERINGS.
Each Portfolio may invest in initial public offerings (IPOs). An IPO is the first sale of stock by a private company to the public. IPOs are often issued by smaller, younger companies
seeking capital to expand, but can also be done by large privately owned companies looking to become publicly traded.
In an IPO, the issuer obtains the
assistance of an underwriting firm, which helps it determine what type of security to issue (common or preferred), best offering price and time to bring it to market. The volume of IPOs and the levels at which the
newly issued stocks trade in the secondary market are affected by the performance of the stock market overall. If IPOs are brought to the market, availability may be limited and a Portfolio may not be able to buy any
shares at the offering price, or if it is able to buy shares, it may not be able to buy as many shares at the offering price as it would like.
Investing in IPOs entails risks.
Importantly, the prices of securities involved in IPOs are often subject to greater and more unpredictable price changes than more established stocks. It is difficult to predict what the stock will do on its initial
day of trading and in the near future since there is often little historical data with which to analyze the company. Also, most IPOs are of companies going through a transitory growth period, and they are therefore
subject to additional uncertainty regarding their future value.
PARTICIPATION NOTES
. Participation Notes (P-Notes) are a type of equity-linked derivative which generally are traded over-the-counter. Even though a P-Note is intended to reflect the performance of the
underlying equity securities, the performance of a P-Note will not replicate exactly the performance of the issuers or markets that the P-Note seeks to replicate due to transaction costs and other expenses.
Investments in P-Notes involve risks normally associated with a direct investment in the underlying securities. In addition, P-Notes are subject to counterparty risk, which is the risk that the broker-dealer or bank
that issues the P-Notes will not fulfill its contractual obligation to complete the transaction with a Portfolio.
SWAP AGREEMENTS.
A Portfolio may enter into swap transactions, including but not limited to, interest rate, index, credit default, total return and, to the extent that it may invest in foreign
currency-denominated securities, currency exchange rate swap agreements. In addition, a Portfolio may enter into options on swap agreements (swap options). These swap transactions are entered into in an attempt to
obtain a particular return when it is considered desirable to do so, possibly at a lower cost to the Portfolio than if the Portfolio had invested directly in an instrument that yielded that desired return.
Swap agreements are two party
contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods typically ranging from a few weeks to more than one year. In a standard “swap” transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns
(or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on or calculated with respect to particular predetermined investments or instruments, which may be adjusted for an interest factor. The gross returns to be
exchanged or “swapped” between the parties are generally calculated with respect to a “notional amount,” that is, the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount invested at a
particular interest rate or in a “basket” of securities representing a particular index or other investments or instruments.
Most swap agreements entered into
by a Portfolio would calculate the obligations of the parties to the agreement on a “net basis.” Consequently the Portfolio's current obligations (or rights) under a swap agreement will generally be equal
only to the net amount to be paid or received under the agreement based on the relative values of the positions held by each party to the agreement (the net amount). The Portfolio's current obligations under a swap
agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owed to the Portfolio) and any accrued but unpaid net amounts owed to a swap counterparty will be covered by the segregation of liquid assets.
To the extent that a Portfolio
enters into swaps on other than a net basis, the amount maintained in a segregated account will be the full amount of the Portfolio's obligations, if any, with respect to such swaps, accrued on a daily basis. Inasmuch
as segregated accounts are established for these hedging transactions, the investment adviser and the Portfolio believe such obligations do not constitute senior securities and, accordingly, will not treat them as
being subject to its borrowing restrictions. If there is a default by the other party to such a transaction, the Portfolio will have contractual remedies pursuant to the agreement related to the transaction. Since
swaps are individually negotiated, the Portfolio expects to achieve an acceptable degree of correlation between its rights to receive a return on its portfolio securities and its rights and obligations to receive and
pay a return pursuant to swaps. The Portfolio will enter into swaps only with parties meeting creditworthiness standards of the investment subadviser. The investment subadviser will monitor the creditworthiness of
such parties.
CREDIT DEFAULT SWAP AGREEMENTS AND
SIMILAR INSTRUMENTS.
A Portfolio may enter into credit default swap agreements and similar agreements, and may also buy credit-linked securities. The credit default swap agreement or similar instrument may
have as reference obligations one or more securities that are not currently held by a Portfolio. The protection “buyer” in a credit default contract may be obligated to pay the protection
“seller” an up front or a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract provided generally that no credit event on a reference obligation has occurred. If a credit event occurs, the seller
generally must pay the buyer the “par value” (full notional value) of the swap in exchange for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity described in the swap, or the seller
may be required to deliver the related net cash amount, if the swap is cash settled. A Portfolio may be either the buyer or seller in the transaction. If a Portfolio is a buyer and no credit event occurs, the
Portfolio recovers nothing if the swap is held through its termination date. However, if a credit event occurs, the buyer may elect to receive the full notional value of the swap in exchange for an equal face amount
of deliverable obligations of the reference entity that may have little or no value. As a seller, a Portfolio generally receives an up front payment or a fixed rate of income throughout the term of the swap, provided
that there is no credit event. If a credit event occurs, generally the seller must pay the buyer the full notional value of the swap in exchange for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference
entity that may have little or no value.
Credit default swaps and similar
instruments involve greater risks than if a Portfolio had invested in the reference obligation directly, since, in addition to general market risks, they are subject to illiquidity risk, counterparty risk and credit
risks. A Portfolio will enter into credit default swap agreements and similar instruments only with counterparties who are rated investment grade quality by at least one nationally recognized statistical rating
organization at the time of entering into such transaction or whose creditworthiness is believed by the Investment Manager to be equivalent to such rating. A buyer also will lose its investment and recover nothing
should no credit event occur and the swap is held to its termination date. If a credit event were to occur, the value of any deliverable obligation received by the seller, coupled with the up front or periodic
payments previously received, may be less than the full notional value it pays to the buyer, resulting in a loss of value to the Portfolio. When a Portfolio acts as a seller of a credit default swap or a similar
instrument, it is exposed to many of the same risks of leverage since, if a credit event occurs, the seller may be required to pay the buyer the full notional value of the contract net of any amounts owed by the buyer
related to its delivery of deliverable obligations.
CREDIT LINKED SECURITIES.
Among the income producing securities in which a Portfolio may invest are credit linked securities, which are issued by a limited purpose trust or other vehicle that, in turn, invests in a
derivative instrument or basket of derivative instruments, such a credit default swaps, interest rate swaps and other securities, in order to provide exposure to certain fixed income markets. For instance, a Portfolio
may invest in credit linked securities as a cash management tool in order to gain exposure to a certain market and/or to remain fully invested when more traditional income producing securities are not
available.
Like an investment in a bond,
investments in these credit linked securities represent the right to receive periodic income payments (in the form of distributions) and payment of principal at the end of the term of the security. However, these
payments are conditioned on the issuer's receipt of payments from, and the issuer's potential obligations to, the counterparties to the derivative instruments and other securities in which the issuer invests. For
instance, the issuer may sell one or more credit default swaps, under which the issuer would receive a stream of payments over the term of the swap agreements provided that no event of default has occurred with
respect to the referenced debt obligation upon which the swap is based. If a default occurs, the stream of payments may stop and the issuer would be obligated to pay the counterparty the par (or other agreed upon
value) of the referenced debt obligation. This, in turn, would reduce the amount of income and principal that a Portfolio would receive. A Portfolio's investments in these instruments are indirectly subject to the
risks associated with derivative instruments, including, among others, credit risk, default or similar event risk, counterparty risk, interest rate risk, leverage risk and management risk. It is also expected that the
securities will be exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933. Accordingly, there may be no established trading market for the securities and they may constitute illiquid investments.
TOTAL RETURN SWAP AGREEMENTS.
A Portfolio may enter into total return swap agreements. Total return swap agreements are contracts in which one party agrees to make periodic payments based on the change in market value
of the underlying assets, which may include a specified security, basket of securities or securities indices during the specified period, in return for periodic payments based on a fixed or variable interest rate or
the total return from other underlying assets. Total return swap agreements may be used to obtain exposure to a security or market without owning or taking physical custody of such security or market. Total return
swap agreements may effectively add leverage to the Portfolio's portfolio because, in addition to its total net assets, the Portfolio would be subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap. Total
return swap agreements entail the risk that a party will default on its payment obligations to the Portfolio thereunder. Swap agreements also bear the risk that the Portfolio will not be able to meet its obligation to
the counterparty. Generally, the Portfolio will enter into total return swaps on a net basis (i.e., the two payment streams are netted out with the Portfolio receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net
amount of the two payments). The net amount of the excess, if any, of the Portfolio's obligations over its entitlements with respect to each total return swap will be accrued on a daily basis, and an amount of cash or
liquid instruments having an aggregate net asset value at least equal to the accrued excess will be segregated by the Portfolio. If the total return swap transaction is entered into on other than a net basis, the full
amount of the Portfolio's obligations will be accrued on a daily basis, and the full amount of the Portfolio's obligations will be segregated by the Portfolio in an amount equal to or greater than the market value of
the liabilities under the total return swap agreement or the amount it would have cost the Portfolio initially to make an equivalent direct investment, plus or minus any amount the Portfolio is obligated to pay or is
to receive under the total return swap agreement.
Unless otherwise noted, a
Portfolio's net obligations in respect of all swap agreements (i.e., the aggregate net amount owed by the Portfolio) is limited to 15% of its net assets.
NON-STANDARD WARRANTS
. From time to time, a Portfolio may use synthetic foreign equity securities derivatives in the form non-standard warrants, often referred to as low exercise price warrants or participatory
notes or low exercise price options (LEPOs), to gain indirect exposure to issuers in certain countries, such as India. These securities are issued by banks and other financial institutions. The buyer of a low exercise
price warrant effectively pays the full value of the underlying common stock at the outset. LEPOs are different from standard warrants in that they do not give their holders the right to receive a security of the
issuer upon exercise. Rather, LEPOs pay the holder the difference in price of the underlying security between the date the LEPO was purchased and the date it is sold. LEPOs entail the same risks as other over-the
counter derivatives. These include the risk that the counterparty or issuer of the LEPO may not be able to fulfill its obligations, that the holder and counterparty or issuer may disagree as to the meaning or
application of contractual terms, or that the instrument may not perform as expected. Additionally, while LEPOs may be listed on an exchange, there is no guaranty that a liquid market will exist or that the
counterparty or issuer of a LEPO will be willing to repurchase the LEPO when the Portfolio wishes to sell it. A discussion of the risk factors relating to derivatives is set out in the sub-section entitled “Risk
Factors In Derivatives”.
OPTIONS ON SECURITIES AND SECURITIES
INDEXES.
A Portfolio may invest in options on individual securities, baskets of securities or particular measurements of value or rate (an index), such as an index of the price of treasury
securities or an index representative of short term interest rates.
Types of Options.
A Portfolio may engage in transactions in options on individual securities, baskets of securities or securities indices, or particular measurements of value or rate (an index), such as an
index of the price of treasury securities or an index representative of short term interest rates. Such investments may be made on exchanges and in the over-the-counter markets. In general, exchange-traded options
have standardized exercise prices and expiration dates and require the parties to post margin against their obligations, and the performance of the parties' obligations in connection with such options is guaranteed by
the exchange or a related clearing corporation. OTC options have more flexible terms negotiated between the buyer and the seller, but generally do not require the parties to post margin and are subject to greater
credit risk. OTC options also involve greater liquidity risk. See “Additional Risk Factors of OTC Transactions; Limitations on the Use of OTC Derivatives” below.
A Portfolio will write only
“covered” options. A written option is covered if, so long as a Portfolio is obligated the option, it (1) owns an offsetting position in the underlying security or currency or (2) segregates cash or other
liquid assets, in an amount equal to or greater than its obligation under the option.
CALL OPTIONS.
A Portfolio may purchase call options on any of the types of securities or instruments in which it may invest. A call option gives a Portfolio the right to buy, and obligates the seller to
sell, the underlying security at the exercise price at any time during the option period. A Portfolio also may purchase and sell call options on indices. Index options are similar to options on securities except that,
rather than taking or making delivery of securities underlying the option at a specified price upon exercise, an index option gives the holder the right to receive cash upon exercise of the option if the level of the
index upon which the option is based is greater than the exercise price of the option.
Each Portfolio may only write
(i.e., sell) covered call options on the securities or instruments in which it may invest and to enter into closing purchase transactions with respect to certain of such options. A covered call option is an option in
which a Portfolio either owns an offsetting position in the underlying security or currency, or the Portfolio segregates cash or other liquid assets in an amount equal to or greater than its obligation under the
option. The principal reason for writing call options is the attempt to realize, through the receipt of premiums, a greater return than would be realized on the securities alone. By writing covered call options, a
Portfolio gives up the opportunity, while the option is in effect, to profit from any price increase in the underlying security above the option exercise price. In addition, a Portfolio's ability to sell the
underlying security will be limited while the option is in effect unless the Portfolio enters into a closing purchase transaction. A closing purchase transaction cancels out a Portfolio's position as the writer of an
option by means of an offsetting purchase of an identical option prior to the expiration of the option it has written. Covered call options also serve as a partial hedge to the extent of the premium received against
the price of the underlying security declining.
PUT OPTIONS.
A Portfolio may purchase put options to seek to hedge against a decline in the value of its securities or to enhance its return. By buying a put option, a Portfolio acquires a right to sell
such underlying securities or instruments at the exercise price, thus limiting the Portfolio's risk of loss through a decline in the market value of the securities or instruments until the put option expires. The
amount of any appreciation in the value of the underlying securities or instruments will be partially offset by the amount of the premium paid for the put option and any related transaction costs. Prior to its
expiration, a put option may be sold in a closing sale transaction and profit or loss from the sale will depend on whether the amount received is more or less than the premium paid for the put option plus the related
transaction costs. A closing sale transaction cancels out a Portfolio's position as the purchaser of an option by means of an offsetting sale of an identical option prior to the expiration of the option it has
purchased. A Portfolio also may purchase uncovered put options.
Each Portfolio may write (i.e.,
sell) put options on the types of securities or instruments that may be held by the Portfolio, provided that such put options are covered, meaning that such options are secured by segregated, liquid instruments. A
Portfolio will receive a premium for writing a put option, which increases the Portfolio's return. A Portfolio will not sell puts if, as a result, more than 25% of the Portfolio's net assets would be required to cover
its potential obligations under its hedging and other investment transactions.
FUTURES.
A Portfolio may engage in transactions in futures and options thereon. Futures are standardized, exchange-traded contracts which obligate a purchaser to take delivery, and a seller to make
delivery, of a specific amount of an asset at a specified future date at a specified price. No price is paid upon entering into a futures contract. Rather, upon purchasing or selling a futures contract a Portfolio is
required to deposit collateral (margin) equal to a percentage (generally less than 10%) of the contract value. Each day thereafter until the futures position is closed, the Portfolio will pay additional margin
representing any loss experienced as a result of the futures position the prior day or be entitled to a payment representing any profit experienced as a result of the futures position the prior day. Futures involve
substantial leverage risk.
The sale of a futures contract
limits a Portfolio's risk of loss through a decline in the market value of portfolio holdings correlated with the futures contract prior to the futures contract's expiration date. In the event the market value of the
portfolio holdings correlated with the futures contract increases rather than decreases, however, a Portfolio will realize a loss on the futures position and a lower return on the portfolio holdings than would have
been realized without the purchase of the futures contract.
The purchase of a futures contract
may protect a Portfolio from having to pay more for securities as a consequence of increases in the market value for such securities during a period when the Portfolio was attempting to identify specific securities in
which to invest in a market the Portfolio believes to be attractive. In the event that such securities decline in value or a Portfolio determines not to complete an anticipatory hedge transaction relating to a futures
contract, however, the Portfolio may realize a loss relating to the futures position.
A Portfolio is also authorized to
purchase or sell call and put options on futures contracts including financial futures and stock indices in connection with its hedging activities. Generally, these strategies would be used under the same market and
market sector conditions (i.e., conditions relating to specific types of investments) in which the Portfolio entered into futures transactions. A Portfolio may purchase put options or write (i.e., sell) call options
on futures contracts and stock indices rather than selling the underlying futures contract in anticipation of a decrease in the market value of its securities. Similarly, a Portfolio can purchase call options, or
write put options on futures contracts and stock indices, as a substitute for the purchase of such futures to hedge against the increased cost resulting from an increase in the market value of securities which the
Portfolio intends to purchase.
A Portfolio may only write
“covered” put and call options on futures contracts. A Portfolio will be considered “covered” with respect to a call option it writes on a futures contract if the Portfolio owns the assets that
are deliverable under the futures contract or an option to purchase that futures contract having a strike price equal to or less than the strike price of the “covered” option and having an expiration date
not earlier than the expiration date of the “covered” option, or if it segregates for the term of the option cash or other liquid assets equal to the fluctuating value of the optioned future. A Portfolio
will be considered “covered” with respect to a put option it writes on a futures contract if it owns an option to sell that futures contract having a strike price equal to or greater than the strike price
of the “covered” option, or if it segregates for the term of the option cash or other liquid assets at all times equal in value to the exercise price of the put (less any initial margin deposited by the
Portfolio with its custodian with respect to such option). There is no limitation on the amount of a Portfolio's assets that can be segregated.
With respect to futures contracts
that are not legally required to “cash settle,” a Portfolio may cover the open position by setting aside or earmarking liquid assets in an amount equal to the market value of the futures contact. With
respect to futures that are required to “cash settle,” however, a Portfolio is permitted to set aside or earmark liquid assets in an amount equal to the Portfolio's daily marked to market (net) obligation,
if any, (in other words, the Portfolio's daily net liability, if any) rather than the market value of the futures contract. By setting aside assets equal to only its net obligation under cash-settled futures, a
Portfolio will have the ability to employ leverage to a greater extent than if the Portfolio were required to segregate assets equal to the full market value of the futures contract.
Each Portfolio, except the AST
Columbia Adaptive Risk Allocation Portfolio, the AST Managed Alternatives Portfolio, the Morgan Stanley Multi-Asset Portfolio, and the AST Wellington Management Real Total Return Portfolio, has filed a notice of
exemption from regulation as a “commodity pool,” and the Investment Manager has filed a notice of exemption from registration as a “commodity pool operator” with respect to each Portfolio,
under applicable rules issued by the CFTC under the Commodity Exchange Act (the CEA). In order to continue to claim the “commodity pool” exemption, a Portfolio is limited in its ability to use futures,
options and swaps subject to regulation under the CEA for purposes other than bona fide hedging, which is narrowly defined. With respect to transactions other than for bona fide hedging purposes, either: (1) the
aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish a Portfolio’s positions in such investments may not exceed 5% of the liquidation value of the Portfolio’s assets, or (2) the aggregate net
notional value of such instruments may not exceed 100% of the liquidation value of the Portfolio’s assets. In addition to meeting one of the foregoing trading limitations, a Portfolio may not market itself as a
commodity pool or otherwise as a vehicle for trading in the futures, options or swaps markets.
Based on the trading strategies for
the AST Columbia Adaptive Risk Allocation Portfolio, the AST Managed Alternatives Portfolio, the Morgan Stanley Multi-Asset Portfolio, and the AST Wellington Management Real Total Return Portfolio, each shall be
considered a “commodity pool” and the Investment Manager shall be considered a “commodity pool operator” with respect to the Portfolio under the CEA. Compliance with applicable CFTC disclosure,
reporting and recordkeeping regulations may increase the Portfolios’ gross expenses.
FOREIGN EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS.
A Portfolio may engage in spot and forward foreign exchange transactions and currency swaps, purchase and sell options on currencies and purchase and sell currency futures and related
options thereon (collectively, Currency Instruments) for purposes of hedging against the decline in the value of currencies in which its portfolio holdings are denominated against the US dollar or to seek to enhance
returns. Such transactions could be effected with respect to hedges on non-US dollar denominated securities owned by a Portfolio, sold by a Portfolio but not yet delivered, or committed or anticipated to be purchased
by a Portfolio. As an illustration, a Portfolio may use such techniques to hedge the stated value in US dollars of an investment in a yen-denominated security. In such circumstances, for example, the Portfolio may
purchase a foreign currency put option enabling it to sell a specified amount of yen for dollars at a specified price by a future date. To the extent the hedge is successful, a loss in the value of the yen relative to
the dollar will tend to be offset by an increase in the value of the put option. To
offset, in whole or in part, the cost of acquiring
such a put option, the Portfolio may also sell a call option which, if exercised, requires it to sell a specified amount of yen for dollars at a specified price by a future date (a technique called a straddle). By
selling such a call option in this illustration, the Portfolio gives up the opportunity to profit without limit from increases in the relative value of the yen to the dollar. “Straddles” of the type that
may be used by a Portfolio are considered to constitute hedging transactions and are consistent with the policies described above.
FORWARD FOREIGN EXCHANGE
TRANSACTIONS.
Forward foreign exchange transactions are OTC contracts to purchase or sell a specified amount of a specified currency or multinational currency unit at a price and future date set at the
time of the contract. Spot foreign exchange transactions are similar but require current, rather than future, settlement. A Portfolio will enter into foreign exchange transactions for purposes of hedging either a
specific transaction or a portfolio position to seek to enhance returns. A Portfolio may enter into a foreign exchange transaction for purposes of hedging a specific transaction by, for example, purchasing a currency
needed to settle a security transaction or selling a currency in which the Portfolio has received or anticipates receiving a dividend or distribution. A Portfolio may enter into a foreign exchange transaction for
purposes of hedging a portfolio position by selling forward a currency in which a portfolio position of the Portfolio is denominated or by purchasing a currency in which the Portfolio anticipates acquiring a portfolio
position in the near future. A Portfolio may also hedge portfolio positions through currency swaps, which are transactions in which one currency is simultaneously bought for a second currency on a spot basis and sold
for the second currency on a forward basis. Forward foreign exchange transactions involve substantial currency risk, and also involve credit and liquidity risk.
CURRENCY FUTURES.
A Portfolio may also seek to enhance returns or hedge against the decline in the value of a currency against the US dollar through use of currency futures or options thereon. Currency
futures are similar to forward foreign exchange transactions except that futures are standardized, exchange-traded contracts. See “Futures” above. Currency futures involve substantial currency risk, and
also involve leverage risk.
CURRENCY OPTIONS.
A Portfolio may also seek to enhance returns or hedge against the decline in the value of a currency against the US dollar through the use of currency options. Currency options are similar
to options on securities, but in consideration for an option premium the writer of a currency option is obligated to sell (in the case of a call option) or purchase (in the case of a put option) a specified amount of
a specified currency on or before the expiration date for a specified amount of another currency. A Portfolio may engage in transactions in options on currencies either on exchanges or OTC markets. See “Types of
Options” above and “Additional Risk Factors of OTC Transactions; Limitations on the Use of OTC Derivatives” below. Currency options involve substantial currency risk, and may also involve credit,
leverage or liquidity risk.
LIMITATIONS ON CURRENCY
HEDGING.
Most Portfolios will not speculate in Currency Instruments although a Portfolio may use such instruments to seek to enhance returns. Accordingly, except for portfolios managed by PIMCO, a
Portfolio will not hedge a currency in excess of the aggregate market value of the securities that it owns (including receivables for unsettled securities sales), or has committed to or anticipates purchasing, which
are denominated in such currency. A Portfolio may, however, hedge a currency by entering into a transaction in a Currency Instrument denominated in a currency other than the currency being hedged (a
“cross-hedge”). A Portfolio will only enter into a cross-hedge if the Investment Manager believes that (i) there is a demonstrable high correlation between the currency in which the cross-hedge is
denominated and the currency being hedged, and (ii) executing a cross-hedge through the currency in which the cross-hedge is denominated will be significantly more cost-effective or provide substantially greater
liquidity than executing a similar hedging transaction by means of the currency being hedged.
RISK FACTORS IN HEDGING FOREIGN
CURRENCY RISKS.
Hedging transactions involving Currency Instruments involve substantial risks, including correlation risk. While a Portfolio's use of Currency Instruments to effect hedging strategies is
intended to reduce the volatility of the net asset value of the Portfolio's shares, the net asset value of the Portfolio's shares will fluctuate. Moreover, although Currency Instruments will be used with the intention
of hedging against adverse currency movements, transactions in Currency Instruments involve the risk that anticipated currency movements will not be accurately predicted and that the Portfolio's hedging strategies
will be ineffective. To the extent that a Portfolio hedges against anticipated currency movements that do not occur, the Portfolio may realize losses and decrease its total return as the result of its hedging
transactions. Furthermore, a Portfolio may only engage in hedging activities from time to time and may not be engaging in hedging activities when movements in currency exchange rates occur.
In connection with its trading in
forward foreign currency contracts, a Portfolio will contract with a foreign or domestic bank, or foreign or domestic securities dealer, to make or take future delivery of a specified amount of a particular currency.
There are no limitations on daily price moves in such forward contracts, and banks and dealers are not required to continue to make markets in such contracts. There have been periods during which certain banks or
dealers have refused to quote prices for such forward contracts or have quoted prices with an unusually wide spread between the price at which the bank or dealer is prepared to buy and that at which it is prepared to
sell. Governmental imposition of credit controls might limit any such forward contract trading. With respect to
its trading of forward contracts, if any, a
Portfolio will be subject to the risk of bank or dealer failure and the inability of, or refusal by, a bank or dealer to perform with respect to such contracts. Any such default would deprive the Portfolio of any
profit potential or force the Portfolio to cover its commitments for resale, if any, at the then market price and could result in a loss to the Portfolio.
It may not be possible for a
Portfolio to hedge against currency exchange rate movements, even if correctly anticipated, in the event that (i) the currency exchange rate movement is so generally anticipated that the Portfolio is not able to enter
into a hedging transaction at an effective price, or (ii) the currency exchange rate movement relates to a market with respect to which Currency Instruments are not available and it is not possible to engage in
effective foreign currency hedging. The cost to a Portfolio of engaging in foreign currency transactions varies with such factors as the currencies involved, the length of the contract period and the market conditions
then prevailing. Since transactions in foreign currency exchange usually are conducted on a principal basis, no fees or commissions are involved.
RISK FACTORS IN DERIVATIVES.
Derivatives are volatile and involve significant risks, including:
Leverage Risk
—the risk associated with certain types of investments or trading strategies (such as borrowing money to increase the amount of investments) that relatively small market movements may
result in large changes in the value of an investment. Certain investments or trading strategies that involve leverage can result in losses that greatly exceed the amount originally invested.
Liquidity Risk
—the risk that certain securities may be difficult or impossible to sell at the time that the seller would like or at the price that the seller believes the security is currently
worth.
Use of Derivatives for hedging
purposes involves correlation risk. If the value of the Derivative moves more or less than the value of the hedged instruments, a Portfolio will experience a gain or loss that will not be completely offset by
movements in the value of the hedged instruments.
A Portfolio intends to enter into
transactions involving Derivatives only if there appears to be a liquid secondary market for such instruments or, in the case of illiquid instruments traded in OTC transactions, such instruments satisfy the criteria
set forth below under “Additional Risk Factors of OTC Transactions; Limitations on the Use of OTC Derivatives.” However, there can be no assurance that, at any specific time, either a liquid secondary
market will exist for a Derivative or the Portfolio will otherwise be able to sell such instrument at an acceptable price. It may therefore not be possible to close a position in a Derivative without incurring
substantial losses, if at all.
FOREIGN INVESTMENT RISKS.
A Portfolio may invest in foreign equity and/or debt securities. Foreign debt securities include certain foreign bank obligations and US dollar or foreign currency-denominated obligations
of foreign governments or their subdivisions, agencies and instrumentalities, international agencies and supranational entities.
Foreign Market Risk.
Portfolios that may invest in foreign securities offer the potential for more diversification than a Portfolio that invests only in the United States because securities traded on foreign
markets have often (though not always) performed differently than securities in the United States. However, such investments involve special risks not present in US investments that can increase the chances that a
Portfolio will lose money. In particular, a Portfolio is subject to the risk that, because there are generally fewer investors on foreign exchanges and a smaller number of shares traded each day, it may be difficult
for the Portfolio to buy and sell securities on those exchanges. In addition, prices of foreign securities may fluctuate more than prices of securities traded in the United States.
Foreign Economy Risk.
The economies of certain foreign markets often do not compare favorably with that of the United States with respect to such issues as growth of gross national product, reinvestment of
capital, resources, and balance of payments position. Certain such economies may rely heavily on particular industries or foreign capital and are more vulnerable to diplomatic developments, the imposition of economic
sanctions against a particular country or countries, changes in international trading patterns, trade barriers, and other protectionist or retaliatory measures. Investments in foreign markets may also be adversely
affected by governmental actions such as the imposition of capital controls, nationalization of companies or industries, expropriation of assets, or the imposition of punitive taxes. In addition, the governments of
certain countries may prohibit or impose substantial restrictions on foreign investing in their capital markets or in certain industries. Any of these actions could severely affect security prices, impair a
Portfolio's ability to purchase or sell foreign securities or transfer the Portfolio's assets or income back into the United States, or otherwise adversely affect a Portfolio's operations. Other foreign market risks
include foreign exchange controls, difficulties in pricing securities, defaults on foreign government securities, difficulties in enforcing favorable legal judgments in foreign courts, and political and social
instability. Legal remedies available to investors in certain foreign countries may be less extensive than those available to investors in the United States or other foreign countries.
Currency Risk and Exchange
Risk.
Securities in which a Portfolio invests may be denominated or quoted in currencies other than the US dollar. Changes in foreign currency exchange rates will affect the value of a
Portfolio's portfolio. Generally, when the US dollar rises in value against a foreign currency, a security denominated in that currency loses value because the currency is worth fewer US dollars. Conversely, when the
US dollar decreases in value against a foreign currency, a security denominated in that currency gains value because the currency is worth more US dollars. This risk, generally known as “currency risk,”
means that a stronger US dollar will reduce returns for US investors while a weak US dollar will increase those returns.
Governmental Supervision and
Regulation/Accounting Standards.
Many foreign governments supervise and regulate stock exchanges, brokers and the sale of securities less than does the United States. Some countries may not have laws to protect investors
comparable to the US securities laws. For example, some foreign countries may have no laws or rules against insider trading. Insider trading occurs when a person buys or sells a company's securities based on nonpublic
information about that company. Accounting standards in other countries are not necessarily the same as in the United States. If the accounting standards in another country do not require as much detail as US
accounting standards, it may be harder for Portfolio management to completely and accurately determine a company's financial condition.
Certain Risks of Holding Portfolio
Assets Outside the United States.
A Portfolio generally holds its foreign securities and cash in foreign banks and securities depositories. Some foreign banks and securities depositories may be recently organized or new to
the foreign custody business. In addition, there may be limited or no regulatory oversight over their operations. Also, the laws of certain countries may put limits on a Portfolio's ability to recover its assets if a
foreign bank or depository or issuer of a security or any of their agents goes bankrupt. In addition, it is often more expensive for a Portfolio to buy, sell and hold securities in certain foreign markets than in the
United States. The increased expense of investing in foreign markets reduces the amount a Portfolio can earn on its investments and typically results in a higher operating expense ratio for the Portfolio as compared
to investment companies that invest only in the United States.
Settlement Risk.
Settlement and clearance procedures in certain foreign markets differ significantly from those in the United States. Foreign settlement procedures and trade regulations also may involve
certain risks (such as delays in payment for or delivery of securities) not typically generated by the settlement of US investments. Communications between the United States and emerging market countries may be
unreliable, increasing the risk of delayed settlements or losses of security certificates. Settlements in certain foreign countries at times have not kept pace with the number of securities transactions; these
problems may make it difficult for a Portfolio to carry out transactions. If a Portfolio cannot settle or is delayed in settling a purchase of securities, it may miss attractive investment opportunities and certain of
its assets may be uninvested with no return earned thereon for some period. If a Portfolio cannot settle or is delayed in settling a sale of securities, it may lose money if the value of the security then declines or,
if it has contracted to sell the security to another party, the Portfolio could be liable to that party for any losses incurred.
Dividends or interest on, or
proceeds from the sale of, foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes, thereby reducing the amount available for distribution to shareholders.
Certain transactions in Derivatives
(such as futures transactions or sales of put options) involve substantial leverage risk and may expose a Portfolio to potential losses, which exceed the amount originally invested by the Portfolio. When a Portfolio
engages in such a transaction, the Portfolio will deposit in a segregated account at its custodian liquid securities with a value at least equal to the Portfolio's exposure, on a mark-to-market basis, to the
transaction (as calculated pursuant to requirements of the Commission). Such segregation will ensure that a Portfolio has assets available to satisfy its obligations with respect to the transaction, but will not limit
the Portfolio's exposure to loss.
Additional Risk Factors of OTC
Transactions; Limitations on the Use of OTC Derivatives.
Certain Derivatives traded in OTC markets, including indexed securities, swaps and OTC options, involve substantial liquidity risk. The absence of liquidity may make it difficult or
impossible for a Portfolio to sell such instruments promptly at an acceptable price. The absence of liquidity may also make it more difficult for a Portfolio to ascertain a market value for such instruments. A
Portfolio will, therefore, acquire illiquid OTC instruments (i) if the agreement pursuant to which the instrument is purchased contains a formula price at which the instrument may be terminated or sold, or (ii) for
which the Investment Manager anticipates the Portfolio can receive on each business day at least two independent bids or offers, unless a quotation from only one dealer is available, in which case that dealer's
quotation may be used.
Because Derivatives traded in OTC
markets are not guaranteed by an exchange or clearing corporation and generally do not require payment of margin, to the extent that a Portfolio has unrealized gains in such instruments or has deposited collateral
with its counterparty the Portfolio is at risk that its counterparty will become bankrupt or otherwise fail to honor its obligations. A Portfolio will attempt to minimize the risk that a counterparty will become
bankrupt or otherwise fail to honor its obligations by engaging in transactions in Derivatives traded in OTC markets only with financial institutions that appear to have substantial capital or that have provided the
Portfolio with a third-party guaranty or other credit enhancement.
RECENT EVENTS IN EUROPEAN
COUNTRIES
. A number of countries in Europe have experienced severe economic and financial difficulties. Many non-governmental issuers, and even certain governments, have defaulted on, or been forced
to restructure, their debts; many other issuers have faced difficulties obtaining credit or refinancing existing obligations; financial institutions have in many cases required government or central bank support, have
needed to raise capital, and/or have been impaired in their ability to extend credit; and financial markets in Europe and elsewhere have experienced extreme volatility and declines in asset values and liquidity. These
difficulties may continue, worsen or spread within and without Europe. Responses to the financial problems by European governments, central banks and others, including austerity measures and reforms, may not work, may
result in social unrest and may limit future growth and economic recovery or have other unintended consequences. Further defaults or restructurings by governments and others of their debt could have additional adverse
effects on economies, financial markets and asset valuations around the world. In addition, one or more countries may abandon the euro, the common currency of the European Union, and/or withdraw from the European
Union. The impact of these actions, especially if they occur in a disorderly fashion, is not clear but could be significant and far-reaching. Whether or not the Portfolios invest in securities of issuers located in
Europe or with significant exposure to European issuers or countries, these events could negatively affect the value and liquidity of the Portfolios' investments.
DISTRESSED SECURITIES.
A Portfolio may invest in securities, including corporate loans purchased in the secondary market, which are the subject of bankruptcy proceedings or otherwise in default as to the
repayment of principal and/or interest at the time of acquisition by the Portfolio or are rated in the lower rating categories (Ca or lower by Moody's and CC or lower by S&P or Fitch) or which, if unrated, are in
the judgment of the Investment Manager of equivalent quality (Distressed Securities). Investment in Distressed Securities is speculative and involves significant risks. Distressed Securities frequently do not produce
income while they are outstanding and may require a Portfolio to bear certain extraordinary expenses in order to protect and recover its investment.
A Portfolio will generally make
such investments only when the Investment Manager believes it is reasonably likely that the issuer of the Distressed Securities will make an exchange offer or will be the subject of a plan of reorganization pursuant
to which the Portfolio will receive new securities. However, there can be no assurance that such an exchange offer will be made or that such a plan of reorganization will be adopted. In addition, a significant period
of time may pass between the time at which a Portfolio makes its investment in Distressed Securities and the time that any such exchange offer or plan of reorganization is completed. During this period, it is unlikely
that a Portfolio will receive any interest payments on the Distressed Securities, the Portfolio will be subject to significant uncertainty as to whether or not the exchange offer or plan of reorganization will be
completed and the Portfolio may be required to bear certain extraordinary expenses to protect and recover its investment. Even if an exchange offer is made or plan of reorganization is adopted with respect to
Distressed Securities held by a Portfolio, there can be no assurance that the securities or other assets received by a Portfolio in connection with such exchange offer or plan of reorganization will not have a lower
value or income potential than may have been anticipated when the investment was made. Moreover, any securities received by a Portfolio upon completion of an exchange offer or plan of reorganization may be restricted
as to resale. As a result of a Portfolio's participation in negotiations with respect to any exchange offer or plan of reorganization with respect to an issuer of Distressed Securities, the Portfolio may be restricted
from disposing of such securities.
ILLIQUID OR RESTRICTED
SECURITIES.
Each Portfolio generally may invest up to 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities. An illiquid security is one that may not be sold or disposed of in the ordinary course of business
within seven days at approximately the price used to determine the Portfolio's net asset value. Illiquid securities include, but are not limited to, certain securities sold in private placements with restrictions on
resale and not traded, repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days, and other investment determined not to be readily marketable. The 15% limit is applied as of the date the Portfolio purchases an illiquid
security. It is possible that a Portfolio's holding of illiquid securities could exceed the 15% limit, for example as a result of market developments or redemptions.
Each Portfolio may purchase certain
restricted securities that can be resold to institutional investors and which may be determined to be liquid pursuant to the procedures of the Portfolios. In many cases, those securities are traded in the
institutional market under Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933 and are called Rule 144A securities. Securities determined to be liquid under these procedures are not subject to the 15% and 5% limits.
Investments in illiquid securities
involve more risks than investments in similar securities that are readily marketable. Illiquid securities may trade at a discount from comparable, more liquid securities. Investment of a Portfolio's assets in
illiquid securities may restrict the ability of the Portfolio to dispose of its investments in a timely fashion and for a fair price as well as its ability to take advantage of market opportunities. The risks
associated with illiquidity will be particularly acute where a Portfolio's operations require cash, such as when a Portfolio has net redemptions, and could result in the Portfolio borrowing to meet short-term cash
requirements or incurring losses on the sale of illiquid investments.
Illiquid securities are often
restricted securities sold in private placement transactions between issuers and their purchasers and may be neither listed on an exchange nor traded in other established markets. In many cases, the privately placed
securities may not be freely transferable under the laws of the applicable jurisdiction or due to contractual restrictions on resale. To the extent privately placed securities may be resold in privately negotiated
transactions, the prices realized from the sales could be less than those originally paid by the Portfolio or less than the fair value of the securities. In addition, issuers whose securities are not publicly traded
may not be subject to the disclosure and other investor protection requirements that may be applicable if their securities were publicly traded. If any privately placed securities held by a Portfolio are required to
be registered under the securities laws of one or more jurisdictions before being resold, the Portfolio may be required to bear the expenses of registration. Private placement investments may involve investments in
smaller, less seasoned issuers, which may involve greater risks than investments in more established companies. These issuers may have limited product lines, markets or financial resources, or they may be dependent on
a limited management group. In making investments in private placement securities, a Portfolio may obtain access to material non-public information, which may restrict the Portfolio's ability to conduct transactions
in those securities.
INVESTMENT IN EMERGING MARKETS.
A Portfolio may invest in the securities of issuers domiciled in various countries with emerging capital markets. Specifically, a country with an emerging capital market is any country
that the World Bank, the International Finance Corporation, the United Nations or its authorities has determined to have a low or middle income economy. Countries with emerging markets can be found in regions such as
Asia, Latin America, Eastern Europe and Africa.
Investments in the securities of
issuers domiciled in countries with emerging capital markets involve certain additional risks not involved in investments in securities of issuers in more developed capital markets, such as (i) low or non-existent
trading volume, resulting in a lack of liquidity and increased volatility in prices for such securities, as compared to securities of comparable issuers in more developed capital markets, (ii) uncertain national
policies and social, political and economic instability, increasing the potential for expropriation of assets, confiscatory taxation, high rates of inflation or unfavorable diplomatic developments, (iii) possible
fluctuations in exchange rates, differing legal systems and the existence or possible imposition of exchange controls, custodial restrictions or other foreign or US governmental laws or restrictions applicable to such
investments, (iv) national policies that may limit a Portfolio's investment opportunities such as restrictions on investment in issuers or industries deemed sensitive to national interests, and (v) the lack or
relatively early development of legal structures governing private and foreign investments and private property. In addition to withholding taxes on investment income, some countries with emerging markets may impose
differential capital gains taxes on foreign investors.
Such capital markets are emerging
in a dynamic political and economic environment brought about by events over recent years that have reshaped political boundaries and traditional ideologies. In such a dynamic environment, there can be no assurance
that these capital markets will continue to present viable investment opportunities for a Portfolio. In the past, governments of such nations have expropriated substantial amounts of private property, and most claims
of the property owners have never been fully settled. There is no assurance that such expropriations will not reoccur. In such an event, it is possible that a Portfolio could lose the entire value of its investments
in the affected markets.
Also, there may be less publicly
available information about issuers in emerging markets than would be available about issuers in more developed capital markets, and such issuers may not be subject to accounting, auditing and financial reporting
standards and requirements comparable to those to which US companies are subject. In certain countries with emerging capital markets, reporting standards vary widely. As a result, traditional investment measurements
used in the United States, such as price/earnings ratios, may not be applicable. Emerging market securities may be substantially less liquid and more volatile than those of mature markets, and companies may be held by
a limited number of persons. This may adversely affect the timing and pricing of the Portfolio's acquisition or disposal of securities.
Practices in relation to settlement
of securities transactions in emerging markets involve higher risks than those in developed markets, in part because a Portfolio will need to use brokers and counterparties that are less well capitalized, and custody
and registration of assets in some countries may be unreliable. The possibility of fraud, negligence, undue influence being exerted by the issuer or refusal to recognize ownership exists in some emerging markets, and,
along with other factors, could result in ownership registration being completely lost. A Portfolio would absorb any loss resulting from such registration problems and may have no successful claim for compensation.
Restrictions on Certain
Investments.
A number of publicly traded closed-end investment companies have been organized to facilitate indirect foreign investment in developing countries, and certain of such countries, such as
Thailand, South Korea, Chile and Brazil have specifically authorized such Portfolios. There also are investment opportunities in certain of such countries in pooled vehicles that resemble open-end investment
companies. In accordance with the 1940 Act, a Portfolio may invest up to 10% of its total assets in securities of other investment companies, not more than 5% of which may be invested in any one such company. In
addition, under the 1940 Act, a Portfolio may not own more than 3% of the total outstanding voting stock of any investment company. These
restrictions on investments in securities of
investment companies may limit opportunities for a Portfolio to invest indirectly in certain developing countries. New shares of certain investment companies may at times be acquired only at market prices representing
premiums to their net asset values. If a Portfolio acquires shares of other investment companies, shareholders would bear both their proportionate share of expenses of the Portfolio (including management and advisory
fees) and, indirectly, the expenses of such other investment companies. SEE ALSO “INVESTMENTS IN OTHER INVESTMENT COMPANIES.”
Restrictions on Foreign Investments
in Asia-Pacific Countries.
Some developing Asia-Pacific countries prohibit or impose substantial restrictions on investments in their capital markets, particularly their equity markets, by foreign entities such as a
Portfolio. As illustrations, certain countries may require governmental approval prior to investments by foreign persons or limit the amount of investment by foreign persons in a particular company or limit the
investment by foreign persons to only a specific class of securities of a company which may have less advantageous terms (including price) than securities of the company available for purchase by nationals. There can
be no assurance that a Portfolio will be able to obtain required governmental approvals in a timely manner. In addition, changes to restrictions on foreign ownership of securities subsequent to a Portfolio's purchase
of such securities may have an adverse effect on the value of such shares. Certain countries may restrict investment opportunities in issuers or industries deemed important to national interests.
The manner in which foreign
investors may invest in companies in certain developing Asia-Pacific countries, as well as limitations on such investments, also may have an adverse impact on the operations of a Portfolio. For example, a Portfolio
may be required in certain of such countries to invest initially through a local broker or other entity and then have the shares purchased re-registered in the name of the Portfolio. Re-registration may in some
instances not be able to occur on a timely basis, resulting in a delay during which a Portfolio may be denied certain of its rights as an investor, including rights as to dividends or to be made aware of certain
corporate actions. There also may be instances where a Portfolio places a purchase order but is subsequently informed, at the time of re-registration, that the permissible allocation of the investment to foreign
investors has been filled, depriving the Portfolio of the ability to make its desired investment at that time.
Substantial limitations may exist
in certain countries with respect to a Portfolio's ability to repatriate investment income, capital or the proceeds of sales of securities by foreign investors. A Portfolio could be adversely affected by delays in, or
a refusal to grant, any required governmental approval for repatriation of capital, as well as by the application to the Portfolio of any restrictions on investments. For example, in September 1998, Malaysia imposed
currency controls that limited a Portfolio's ability to repatriate proceeds of Malaysian investments. It is possible that Malaysia, or certain other countries may impose similar restrictions or other restrictions
relating to their currencies or to securities of issuers in those countries. To the extent that such restrictions have the effect of making certain investments illiquid, securities may not be available to meet
redemptions. Depending on a variety of financial factors, the percentage of a Portfolio's portfolio subject to currency controls may increase. In the event other countries impose similar controls, the portion of the
Portfolio's assets that may be used to meet redemptions may be further decreased. Even where there is no outright restriction on repatriation of capital, the mechanics of repatriation may affect certain aspects of the
operations of a Portfolio. For example, Portfolios may be withdrawn from the People's Republic of China only in US or Hong Kong dollars and only at an exchange rate established by the government once each week. In
certain countries, banks or other financial institutions may be among the leading companies or have actively traded securities. The 1940 Act restricts a Portfolio's investments in any equity securities of an issuer
that, in its most recent fiscal year, derived more than 15% of its revenues from “securities related activities,” as defined by the rules thereunder. These provisions may restrict a Portfolio's investments
in certain foreign banks and other financial institutions.
INVESTMENT IN OTHER INVESTMENT
COMPANIES.
Each Portfolio may invest in other investment companies, including exchange-traded funds. In accordance with the 1940 Act, a Portfolio may invest up to 10% of its total assets in
securities of other investment companies. In addition, under the 1940 Act, a Portfolio may not own more than 3% of the total outstanding voting stock of any investment company and not more than 5% of the value of the
Portfolio's total assets may be invested in securities of any investment company. (These limits do not restrict a Feeder Fund from investing all of its assets in shares of its Master Portfolio).
Notwithstanding the limits
discussed above, a Portfolio may invest in other investment companies without regard to the limits set forth above, provided that the Portfolio complies with Rules 12d1-1, 12d1-2 and 12d1-3 promulgated by the
Securities and Exchange Commission under the 1940 Act or otherwise permitted by exemptive order, SEC releases, no-action letters or similar interpretation. As with other investments, investments in other investment
companies are subject to market and selection risk. In addition, if the Portfolio acquires shares in investment companies, shareholders would bear both their proportionate share of expenses in the Portfolio (including
management and advisory fees) and, indirectly, the expenses of such investment companies (including management and advisory fees). Investments in a Portfolio in wholly-owned investment companies created under the laws
of certain countries will not be deemed an investment in other investment companies.
JUNK BONDS.
Junk bonds are debt securities that are rated below investment grade by the major rating agencies or are unrated securities that the Investment Manager believes are of comparable quality.
Although junk bonds generally pay higher rates of interest than investment grade bonds, they are high risk investments that may cause income and principal losses for a Portfolio. The major risks in junk bond
investments include the following:
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Junk bonds are issued by less credit worthy companies. These securities are vulnerable to adverse changes in the issuer's industry and to general economic conditions. Issuers of junk bonds may be unable to meet
their interest or principal payment obligations because of an economic downturn, specific issuer developments or the unavailability of additional financing.
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The issuers of junk bonds may have a larger amount of outstanding debt relative to their assets than issuers of investment grade bonds. If the issuer experiences financial stress, it may be unable to meet its debt
obligations. The issuer's ability to pay its debt obligations also may be lessened by specific issuer developments, or the unavailability of additional financing.
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Junk bonds are frequently ranked junior to claims by other creditors. If the issuer cannot meet its obligations, the senior obligations are generally paid off before the junior obligations.
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Junk bonds frequently have redemption features that permit an issuer to repurchase the security from a Portfolio before it matures. If an issuer redeems the junk bonds, a Portfolio may have to invest the proceeds in
bonds with lower yields and may lose income.
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Prices of junk bonds are subject to extreme price fluctuations. Negative economic developments may have a greater impact on the prices of junk bonds than on other higher rated fixed income securities.
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Junk bonds may be less liquid than higher rated fixed income securities even under normal economic conditions. There are fewer dealers in the junk bond market, and there may be significant differences in the prices
quoted for junk bonds by the dealers. Because they are less liquid, judgment may play a greater role in valuing certain of a Portfolio's portfolio securities than in the case of securities trading in a more liquid
market.
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A Portfolio may incur expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default or to negotiate new terms with a defaulting issuer.
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MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS.
A Portfolio may invest in money market instruments. Money market instruments include cash equivalents and short-term obligations of US banks, certificates of deposit, short-term
obligations issued or guaranteed by the US Government or its agencies. Money market instruments also include bankers' acceptances, commercial paper, certificates of deposit and Eurodollar obligations issued or
guaranteed by bank holding companies in the US, their subsidiaries and foreign branches, by foreign banking institutions, and by the World Bank and other multinational instrumentalities, as well as commercial paper
and other short-term obligations of, and variable amount master demand notes, variable rate notes and similar agreements issued by, US and foreign corporations.
MONEY MARKET FUND REFORM.
In July 2014, the SEC adopted amendments to Rule 2a-7 under the 1940 Act. Rule 2a-7 imposes quality, liquidity and other requirements on any registered mutual fund that holds itself out to
the public as a money market fund. Compliance with the various provisions of the amendments will take effect over the course of 2015 and 2016. The new regulations will impact money market funds differently depending
upon the types of investors that will be permitted to invest in a fund, and the types of securities in which a fund may invest.
“Retail” money market
funds will have policies and procedures reasonably designed to limit their beneficial owners to natural persons. All other money market funds will be considered to be “institutional” money market funds.
Retail and institutional money market funds will be further classified by their investments. “Prime” money market funds will be permitted to invest primarily in corporate or other non-government
securities, “US government” money market funds will be required to invest a very high percentage of their assets in US government securities and “municipal” money market funds will be required
to invest significantly in municipal securities.
Under the revised rule,
institutional prime money market funds and institutional municipal money market funds will be required to value their portfolio securities using market-based factors, and sell and redeem shares at prices based on a
floating net asset value. A floating net asset value will be calculated by rounding to the fourth decimal place in the case of a money market fund with a $1.0000 share price. Retail money market funds and
institutional US government money market funds will not be subject to the floating net asset value requirement.
Under the revised rule, any type of
money market fund will be permitted to impose a discretionary liquidity fee of up to 2% on redemptions or temporarily suspend redemptions (also known as “gate”) if the money market fund’s weekly
liquid assets (as defined in Rule 2a-7) fall below 30% of the fund’s total assets and the money market fund’s board of trustees determines that the fee or gate is in the fund’s best interests. Once
imposed, a discretionary liquidity fee or redemption gate will remain in effect until the fund’s board of trustees determines that the fee or gate is no longer in the fund’s best interests or the next
business day after the fund’s weekly liquid assets return to 30% of the fund’s total assets, whichever occurs first. Regardless, the redemption gate will be required to be lifted no later than the 10th
business day after the gate is imposed, and a money market fund may not impose a redemption gate for more than 10 business days in any rolling 90-calendar day period.
Under the revised rule, any type of
money market fund (except for US government money market funds) will be required to impose a liquidity fee of 1% on all redemptions if the money market fund’s weekly liquid assets (as defined in Rule 2a-7) fall
below 10% of the fund’s total assets, unless the fund’s board of trustees determines that the fee is not in the fund’s best interests, or that a lower or higher (up to 2%) liquidity fee is in the
fund’s best interests.
Other requirements of the revised
rule include enhanced website disclosure obligations, the adoption of a new form for disclosure of certain material events (such as the imposition of liquidity fees or redemption gates), stronger diversification
requirements and enhanced stress testing.
As a result of the revised rule,
money market funds will be required to implement changes that will impact and may adversely affect the money market funds and their investors. The extent of any future changes to the management or operation of money
market funds resulting from the requirements of the revised rule are under evaluation and consideration by the Board of Trustees of the Trust and by PI, but have not yet been determined.
MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES.
Investing in mortgage-backed securities involves certain unique risks in addition to those generally associated with investing in fixed income securities and in the real estate industry in
general. These unique risks include the failure of a party to meet its commitments under the related operative documents, adverse interest rate changes and the effects of prepayments on mortgage cash flows.
Mortgage-backed securities are “pass-through” securities, meaning that principal and interest payments made by the borrower on the underlying mortgages are passed through to a Portfolio. The value of
mortgage-backed securities, like that of traditional fixed income securities, typically increases when interest rates fall and decreases when interest rates rise. However, mortgage-backed securities differ from
traditional fixed income securities because of their potential for prepayment without penalty. The price paid by a Portfolio for its mortgage-backed securities, the yield the Portfolio expects to receive from such
securities and the average life of the securities are based on a number of factors, including the anticipated rate of prepayment of the underlying mortgages. In a period of declining interest rates, borrowers may
prepay the underlying mortgages more quickly than anticipated, thereby reducing the yield to maturity and the average life of the mortgage-backed securities. Moreover, when a Portfolio reinvests the proceeds of a
prepayment in these circumstances, it will likely receive a rate of interest that is lower than the rate on the security that was prepaid.
To the extent that a Portfolio
purchases mortgage-backed securities at a premium, mortgage foreclosures and principal prepayments may result in a loss to the extent of the premium paid. If a Portfolio buys such securities at a discount, both
scheduled payments of principal and unscheduled prepayments will increase current and total returns and will accelerate the recognition of income which, when distributed to shareholders, will be taxable as ordinary
income. In a period of rising interest rates, prepayments of the underlying mortgages may occur at a slower than expected rate, creating maturity extension risk. This particular risk may effectively change a security
that was considered short or intermediate-term at the time of purchase into a long-term security. Since long-term securities generally fluctuate more widely in response to changes in interest rates than shorter-term
securities, maturity extension risk could increase the inherent volatility of the Portfolio. Under certain interest rate and prepayment scenarios, a Portfolio may fail to recoup fully its investment in mortgage-backed
securities notwithstanding any direct or indirect governmental or agency guarantee.
Most mortgage-backed securities are
issued by Federal government agencies such as the Government National Mortgage Association (Ginnie Mae), or by government sponsored enterprises such as the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac) or the
Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae). Principal and interest payments on mortgage-backed securities issued by the Federal government and some Federal government agencies, such as Ginnie Mae, are
guaranteed by the Federal government and backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. Mortgage-backed securities issued by other government agencies or government sponsored enterprises, such as Freddie
Mac or Fannie Mae, are backed only by the credit of the government agency or enterprise and are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. While certain mortgage-related securities receive
government or private support, there is no assurance that such support will remain in place in the future. Additionally, mortgage-backed securities issued by government agencies or sponsored enterprises like Freddie
Mac or Fannie Mae generally have very little credit risk, but may be subject to substantial interest rate risks. Private mortgage-backed securities are issued by private corporations rather than government agencies
and are subject to credit risk and interest rate risk.
In September 2008, the US Treasury
placed Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac under conservatorship and appointed the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) to manage their daily operations. In addition, the US Treasury entered into purchase agreements with
Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to provide them with capital in exchange for senior preferred stock. Pass-through securities issued by Fannie Mae are guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest by Fannie Mae.
Participation certificates representing interests in mortgages from Freddie Mac’s national portfolio are guaranteed as to the timely payment of interest and principal by Freddie Mac. Private, government, or
government-related entities may create mortgage loan pools offering pass-through investments in addition to those described above. The mortgages underlying these securities may be alternative mortgage instruments
(that is, mortgage instruments whose principal or interest payments may vary or whose terms to maturity may be shorter than customary).
MUNICIPAL SECURITIES.
A Portfolio may, from time to time, invest in municipal bonds including general obligation and revenue bonds. General obligation bonds are secured by the issuer's pledge of its faith,
credit and taxing power for the payment of principal and interest, whereas revenue bonds are payable only from the revenues derived from a particular facility or class of facilities or, in some cases, from the
proceeds of a special excise or other specific revenue source. A Portfolio may also invest in municipal notes including tax, revenue and bond anticipation notes which are issued to obtain Portfolios for various public
purposes.
Municipal securities include notes
and bonds issued by or on behalf of states, territories and possessions of the United States and their political subdivisions, agencies and instrumentalities and the District of Columbia, the interest on which is
generally eligible for exclusion from federal income tax and, in certain instances, applicable state or local income and personal property taxes. Such securities are traded primarily in the over-the-counter market.
The interest rates payable on
certain municipal bonds and municipal notes are not fixed and may fluctuate based upon changes in market rates. Municipal bonds and notes of this type are called “variable rate” obligations. The interest
rate payable on a variable rate obligation is adjusted either at predesignated intervals or whenever there is a change in the market rate of interest on which the interest rate payable is based. Other features may
include the right whereby a Portfolio may demand prepayment of the principal amount of the obligation prior to its stated maturity (a demand feature) and the right of the issuer to prepay the principal amount prior to
maturity. The principal benefit of a variable rate obligation is that the interest rate adjustment minimizes changes in the market value of the obligation. As a result, the purchase of variable rate obligations should
enhance the ability of a Portfolio to maintain a stable NAV per share and to sell an obligation prior to maturity at a price approximating the full principal amount of the obligation.
Variable or floating rate
securities include participation interests therein and inverse floaters. Floating rate securities normally have a rate of interest that is set as a specific percentage of a designated base rate, such as the rate on
Treasury Bonds or Bills. The interest rate on floating rate securities changes whenever there is a change in the designated base interest rate. Variable rate securities provide for a specific periodic adjustment in
the interest rate based on prevailing market rates and generally would allow a Portfolio to demand payment of the obligation on short notice at par plus accrued interest, which amount may, at times, be more or less
than the amount the Portfolio paid for them. Some floating rate and variable rate securities have maturities longer than 397 calendar days but afford the holder the right to demand payment at dates earlier than the
final maturity date. Such floating rate and variable rate securities will be treated as having maturities equal to the demand date or the period of adjustment of the interest rate whichever is longer.
An inverse floater is a debt
instrument with a floating or variable interest rate that moves in the opposite direction of the interest rate on another security or the value of an index. Changes in the interest rate on the other security or index
inversely affect the residual interest rate paid on the inverse floater, with the result that the inverse floater's price will be considerably more volatile than that of a fixed rate bond. Generally, income from
inverse floating rate bonds will decrease when short-term interest rates increase, and will increase when short-term interest rates decrease. Such securities have the effect of providing a degree of investment
leverage, since they may increase or decrease in value in response to changes, as an illustration, in market interest rates at a rate that is a multiple (typically two) of the rate at which fixed-rate, long-term,
tax-exempt securities increase or decrease in response to such changes. As a result, the market values of such securities generally will be more volatile than the market values of fixed-rate tax-exempt securities. For
additional information relating to inverse floaters, please see “Indexed and Inverse Securities.”
REAL ESTATE RELATED SECURITIES.
Although no Portfolio may invest directly in real estate, a Portfolio may invest in equity securities of issuers that are principally engaged in the real estate industry. Therefore, an
investment in such a Portfolio is subject to certain risks associated with the ownership of real estate and with the real estate industry in general. These risks include, among others: possible declines in the value
of real estate; risks related to general and local economic conditions; possible lack of availability of mortgage Portfolios or other limitations on access to capital; overbuilding; risks associated with leverage;
market illiquidity; extended vacancies of properties; increase in competition, property taxes, capital expenditures and operating expenses; changes in zoning laws or other governmental regulation; costs resulting from
the clean-up of, and liability to third parties for damages resulting from, environmental problems; tenant bankruptcies or other credit problems; casualty or condemnation losses; uninsured damages from floods,
earthquakes or other natural disasters; limitations on and variations in rents, including decreases in market rates for rents; investment in developments that are not completed or that are subject to delays in
completion; and changes in interest rates. To the extent that assets underlying a Portfolio's investments are concentrated geographically, by property type or in certain other respects, the Portfolio may be subject to
certain of the foregoing risks to a greater extent. Investments by a Portfolio in securities of companies providing mortgage servicing will be subject to the risks associated with refinancings and their impact on
servicing rights. In addition, if a Portfolio receives rental income or income from the disposition of real property acquired as a result of a default on securities the Portfolio owns, the receipt of such income may
adversely affect the Portfolio's ability to retain its tax status as a regulated investment company because of certain income source requirements applicable to regulated investment companies under the Code.
REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUSTS
(REITS).
Investing in REITs involves certain unique risks in addition to those risks associated with investing in the real estate industry in general. Equity REITs may be affected by changes in the
value of the underlying property owned by the REITs, while mortgage REITs may be affected by the quality of any credit extended. REITs are dependent upon management skills, may not be diversified geographically or by
property type, and are subject to heavy cash flow dependency, default by borrowers and self-liquidation. REITs must also meet certain requirements under the Code to avoid entity level tax and be eligible to
pass-through certain tax attributes of their income to shareholders. REITs are consequently subject to the risk of failing to meet these requirements for favorable tax treatment and of failing to maintain their
exemptions from registration under the 1940 Act. REITs are also subject to the risks of changes in the Code, affecting their tax status.
REITs (especially mortgage REITs)
are also subject to interest rate risks. When interest rates decline, the value of a REIT's investment in fixed rate obligations can be expected to rise. Conversely, when interest rates rise, the value of a REIT's
investment in fixed rate obligations can be expected to decline. In contrast, as interest rates on adjustable rate mortgage loans are reset periodically, yields on a REIT's investments in such loans will gradually
align themselves to reflect changes in market interest rates, causing the value of such investments to fluctuate less dramatically in response to interest rate fluctuations than would investments in fixed rate
obligations.
Investing in certain REITs involves
risks similar to those associated with investing in small capitalization companies. These REITs may have limited financial resources, may trade less frequently and in limited volume and may be subject to more abrupt
or erratic price movements than larger company securities. Historically, small capitalization stocks, such as these REITs, have been more volatile in price than the larger capitalization stocks included in the S&P
500 Index. The management of a REIT may be subject to conflicts of interest with respect to the operation of the business of the REIT and may be involved in real estate activities competitive with the REIT. REITs may
own properties through joint ventures or in other circumstances in which the REIT may not have control over its investments. REITs may incur significant amounts of leverage.
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS.
A Portfolio may invest in securities pursuant to repurchase agreements. A Portfolio will enter into repurchase agreements only with parties meeting creditworthiness standards as set forth
in the Portfolio's repurchase agreement procedures.
Under such agreements, the other
party agrees, upon entering into the contract with a Portfolio, to repurchase the security at a mutually agreed-upon time and price in a specified currency, thereby determining the yield during the term of the
agreement. This results in a fixed rate of return insulated from market fluctuations during such period, although such return may be affected by currency fluctuations. In the case of repurchase agreements, the prices
at which the trades are conducted do not reflect accrued interest on the underlying obligation. Such agreements usually cover short periods, such as under one week. Repurchase agreements may be construed to be
collateralized loans by the purchaser to the seller secured by the securities transferred to the purchaser.
In the case of a repurchase
agreement, as a purchaser, a Portfolio will require all repurchase agreements to be fully collateralized at all times by cash or other liquid assets in an amount at least equal to the resale price. The seller is
required to provide additional collateral if the market value of the securities falls below the repurchase price at any time during the term of the repurchase agreement. In the event of default by the seller under a
repurchase agreement construed to be a collateralized loan, the underlying securities are not owned by the Portfolio but only constitute collateral for the seller's obligation to pay the repurchase price. Therefore,
the Portfolio may suffer time delays and incur costs or possible losses in connection with disposition of the collateral.
A Portfolio may participate in a
joint repurchase agreement account with other investment companies managed by PI pursuant to an order of the Commission. On a daily basis, any uninvested cash balances of the Portfolio may be aggregated with those of
such investment companies and invested in one or more repurchase agreements. Each Portfolio participates in the income earned or accrued in the joint account based on the percentage of its investment.
DOLLAR ROLLS.
A Portfolio may enter into dollar rolls. In a dollar roll, a Portfolio sells securities for delivery in the current month and simultaneously contracts to repurchase substantially similar
(same type and coupon) securities on a specified future date from the same party. During the roll period, a Portfolio foregoes principal and interest paid on the securities. A Portfolio is compensated by the
difference between the current sale price and the forward price for the future purchase (often referred to as the drop) as well as by the interest earned on the cash proceeds of the initial sale. The Portfolio will
establish a segregated account in which it will maintain cash or other liquid assets, marked to market daily, having a value equal to its obligations in respect of dollar rolls.
Dollar rolls involve the risk that
the market value of the securities retained by the Portfolio may decline below the price of the securities, the Portfolio has sold but is obligated to repurchase under the agreement. In the event the buyer of
securities under a dollar roll files for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent, the Portfolio's use of the proceeds of the agreement may be restricted pending a determination by the other party, or its trustee or receiver,
whether to enforce the Portfolio's obligation to repurchase the securities. Cash proceeds from dollar rolls may be invested in cash or other liquid assets.
SECURITIES
LENDING.
Unless otherwise noted, a Portfolio may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions subject to applicable regulatory requirements and guidance,
including the requirements that: (1) the aggregate market value of securities loaned will not at any time exceed 33 1/3% of the total assets of the Portfolio; (2) the borrower pledge and maintain with the Portfolio
collateral consisting of cash, an irrevocable letter of credit, or securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government having at all times a value of not less than 100% of the value of the securities lent; and (3)
the loan be made subject to termination by the Portfolio at any time. PGIM, Inc. (PGIM), an affiliate of the Investment Manager, serves as securities lending agent for each Portfolio, and in that role administers each
Portfolio’s securities lending program. As compensation for these services, PGIM receives a portion of any amounts earned by the Portfolio through lending securities.
A Portfolio may invest the cash
collateral and/or it may receive a fee from the borrower. To the extent that cash collateral is invested, it will be invested in an affiliated money market fund and be subject to market depreciation or appreciation.
The Portfolio will be responsible for any loss that results from this investment of collateral.
On termination of the loan, the
borrower is required to return the securities to the Portfolio, and any gain or loss in the market price during the loan would inure to the Portfolio. If the borrower defaults on its obligation to return the
securities lent because of insolvency or other reasons, the Portfolio could experience delays and costs in recovering the securities lent or in gaining access to the collateral. In such situations, the Portfolio may
sell the collateral and purchase a replacement investment in the market. There is a risk that the value of the collateral could decrease below the value of the replacement investment by the time the replacement
investment is purchased.
During the time portfolio
securities are on loan, the borrower will pay the Portfolio an amount equivalent to any dividend or interest paid on such securities. Voting or consent rights which accompany loaned securities pass to the borrower.
However, all loans may be terminated at any time to facilitate the exercise of voting or other consent rights with respect to matters considered to be material. The Portfolio bears the risk that there may be a delay
in the return of the securities which may impair the Portfolio’s ability to exercise such rights.
SECURITIES OF SMALLER OR EMERGING
GROWTH COMPANIES.
Investment in smaller or emerging growth companies involves greater risk than is customarily associated with investments in more established companies. The securities of smaller or
emerging growth companies may be subject to more abrupt or erratic market movements than larger, more established companies or the market average in general. These companies may have limited product lines, markets or
financial resources, or they may be dependent on a limited management group.
While smaller or emerging growth
company issuers may offer greater opportunities for capital appreciation than large cap issuers, investments in smaller or emerging growth companies may involve greater risks and thus may be considered speculative.
The Investment Manager believes that properly selected companies of this type have the potential to increase their earnings or market valuation at a rate substantially in excess of the general growth of the economy.
Full development of these companies and trends frequently takes time.
Small cap and emerging growth
securities will often be traded only in the over-the-counter market or on a regional securities exchange and may not be traded every day or in the volume typical of trading on a national securities exchange. As a
result, the disposition by a Portfolio of portfolio securities to meet redemptions or otherwise may require a Portfolio to make many small sales over a lengthy period of time, or to sell these securities at a discount
from market prices or during periods when, in the Investment Manager’s judgment, such disposition is not desirable.
While the process of selection and
continuous supervision by the Investment Manager does not, of course, guarantee successful investment results, it does provide access to an asset class not available to the average individual due to the time and cost
involved. Careful initial selection is particularly important in this area as many new enterprises have promise but lack certain of the factors necessary to prosper. Investing in small cap and emerging growth
companies requires specialized research and analysis. In addition, many investors cannot invest sufficient assets in such companies to provide wide diversification.
Small companies are generally
little known to most individual investors although some may be dominant in their respective industries. The Investment Manager believes that relatively small companies will continue to have the opportunity to develop
into significant business enterprises. A Portfolio may invest in securities of small issuers in the relatively early stages of business development that have a new technology, a unique or proprietary product or
service, or a favorable market position. Such companies may not be counted upon to develop into major industrial companies, but Portfolio management believes that eventual recognition of their special value
characteristics by the investment community can provide above-average long-term growth to the portfolio.
Equity securities of specific small
cap issuers may present different opportunities for long-term capital appreciation during varying portions of economic or securities markets cycles, as well as during varying stages of their business development. The
market valuation of small cap issuers tends to fluctuate during economic or market cycles, presenting attractive investment opportunities at various points during these cycles.
Smaller companies, due to the size
and kinds of markets that they serve, may be less susceptible than large companies to intervention from the Federal government by means of price controls, regulations or litigation.
SHORT SALES AND SHORT SALES
AGAINST-THE-BOX.
A Portfolio may make short sales of securities, either as a hedge against potential declines in value of a portfolio security or to realize appreciation when a security that the Portfolio
does not own declines in value. When a Portfolio makes a short sale, it borrows the security sold short and delivers it to the broker-dealer through which it made the short sale. A Portfolio may have to pay a fee to
borrow particular securities and is often obligated to turn over any payments received on such borrowed securities to the lender of the securities. The Portfolio may not be able to limit any losses resulting from
share price volatility if the security indefinitely continues to increase in value at such specified time.
A Portfolio secures its obligation
to replace the borrowed security by depositing collateral with the broker-dealer, usually in cash, US Government securities or other liquid securities similar to those borrowed. With respect to the uncovered short
positions, a Portfolio is required to (1) deposit similar collateral with its custodian or otherwise segregate collateral on its records, to the extent that the value of the collateral in the aggregate is at all times
equal to at least 100% of the current market value of the security sold short, or (2) a Portfolio must otherwise cover its short position. Depending on arrangements made with the broker-dealer from which the Portfolio
borrowed the security, regarding payment over of any payments received by a Portfolio on such security, a Portfolio may not receive any payments (including interest) on its collateral deposited with such
broker-dealer. Because making short sales in securities that it does not own exposes a Portfolio to the risks associated with those securities, such short sales involve speculative exposure risk. As a result, if a
Portfolio makes short sales in securities that increase in value, it will likely underperform similar mutual Portfolios that do not make short sales in securities they do not own. A Portfolio will incur a loss as a
result of a short sale if the price of the security increases between the date of the short sale and the date on which the Portfolio replaces the borrowed security. A Portfolio will realize a gain if the security
declines in price between those dates. There can be no assurance that a Portfolio will be able to close out a short sale position at any particular time or at an acceptable price. Although a Portfolio's gain is
limited to the price at which it sold the security short, its potential loss is limited only by the maximum attainable price of the security, less the price at which the security was sold and may, theoretically, be
unlimited.
A Portfolio may also make short
sales against-the-box. A short sale against-the-box is a short sale in which the Portfolio owns an equal amount of the securities sold short, or securities convertible or exchangeable for, with or without payment of
any further consideration, such securities. However, if further consideration is required in connection with the conversion or exchange, cash or other liquid assets, in an amount equal to such consideration must be
segregated on a Portfolio's records or with its Custodian.
SOVEREIGN DEBT.
Investment in sovereign debt can involve a high degree of risk. The governmental entity that controls the repayment of sovereign debt may not be able or willing to repay the principal
and/or interest when due in accordance with the terms of such debt. A governmental entity's willingness or ability to repay principal and interest due in a timely manner may be affected by, among other factors, its
cash flow situation, the extent of its foreign reserves, the availability of sufficient foreign exchange on the date a payment is due, the relative size of the debt service burden to the economy as a whole, the
government entity's policy towards the International Monetary Portfolio and the political constraints to which a government entity may be subject. Governmental entities may also be dependent on expected disbursements
from foreign governments, multilateral agencies and others abroad to reduce principal and interest arrearages on their debt. The commitment on the part of these governments, agencies and others to make such
disbursements may be conditioned on the implementation of economic reforms and/or economic performance and the timely service of such debtor's obligations. Failure to implement such reforms, achieve such levels of
economic performance or repay principal or interest when due may result in the cancellation of such third parties' commitments to lend Portfolios to the governmental entity, which may further impair such debtor's
ability or willingness to timely service its debts. Consequently, governmental entities may default on their sovereign debt. Holders of sovereign debt may be requested to participate in the rescheduling of such debt
and to extend further loans to government entities. In the event of a default by a governmental entity, there may be few or no effective legal remedies for collecting on such debt.
STANDBY COMMITMENT AGREEMENTS.
A Portfolio may enter into standby commitment agreements. These agreements commit a Portfolio, for a stated period of time, to purchase a stated amount of securities that may be issued and
sold to that Portfolio at the option of the issuer. The price of the security is fixed at the time of the commitment. At the time of entering into the agreement the Portfolio is paid a commitment fee, regardless of
whether or not the security is ultimately issued. A Portfolio will enter into such agreements for the purpose of investing in the security underlying the commitment at a price that is considered advantageous to the
Portfolio. A Portfolio will limit its investment in such commitments so that the aggregate purchase price of securities subject to such
commitments, together with the value of portfolio
securities subject to legal restrictions on resale that affect their marketability, will not exceed 15% of its net assets taken at the time of the commitment. A Portfolio segregates liquid assets in an aggregate
amount equal to the purchase price of the securities underlying the commitment. There can be no assurance that the securities subject to a standby commitment will be issued, and the value of the security, if issued,
on the delivery date may be more or less than its purchase price. Since the issuance of the security underlying the commitment is at the option of the issuer, the Portfolio may bear the risk of a decline in the value
of such security and may not benefit from any appreciation in the value of the security during the commitment period. The purchase of a security subject to a standby commitment agreement and the related commitment fee
will be recorded on the date on which the security can reasonably be expected to be issued, and the value of the security thereafter will be reflected in the calculation of a Portfolio's net asset value. The cost
basis of the security will be adjusted by the amount of the commitment fee. In the event the security is not issued, the commitment fee will be recorded as income on the expiration date of the standby commitment.
STRIPPED SECURITIES.
Stripped securities are created when the issuer separates the interest and principal components of an instrument and sells them as separate securities. In general, one security is entitled
to receive the interest payments on the underlying assets (the interest only or “IO” security) and the other to receive the principal payments (the principal only or “PO” security). Some
stripped securities may receive a combination of interest and principal payments. The yields to maturity on IOs and POs are sensitive to the expected or anticipated rate of principal payments (including prepayments)
on the related underlying assets, and principal payments may have a material effect on yield to maturity. If the underlying assets experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, a Portfolio may not
fully recoup its initial investment in IOs. Conversely, if the underlying assets experience less than anticipated prepayments of principal, the yield on POs could be adversely affected. Stripped securities may be
highly sensitive to changes in interest rates and rates of prepayment.
STRUCTURED NOTES.
A Portfolio may invest in structured notes. The values of the structured notes in which a Portfolio will invest may be linked to equity securities or equity indices or other instruments or
indices(reference instruments). These notes differ from other types of debt securities in several respects. The interest rate or principal amount payable at maturity may vary based on changes in the value of the
equity security, instrument, or index. A structured note may be positively or negatively indexed; that is, its value or interest rate may increase or decrease if the value of the reference instrument increases.
Similarly, its value may increase or decrease if the value of the reference instrument decreases. Further, the change in the principal amount payable with respect to, or the interest rate of, a structured note may be
a multiple of the percentage change (positive or negative) in the value of the underlying reference instrument(s).
Investments in structured notes
involve certain risks, including the credit risk of the issuer and the normal risks of price changes in response to changes in interest rates. Further, in the case of certain structured notes, a decline or increase in
the value of the reference instrument may cause the interest rate to be reduced to zero, and any further declines or increases in the reference instrument may then reduce the principal amount payable on maturity. The
percentage by which the value of the structured note decreases may be far greater than the percentage by which the value of the reference instrument increases or decreases. Finally, these securities may be less liquid
than other types of securities, and may be more volatile than their underlying reference instruments.
SUPRANATIONAL ENTITIES.
A Portfolio may invest in debt securities of supranational entities . Examples include the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (the World Bank), the European Steel and
Coal Community, the Asian Development Bank and the Inter-American Development Bank. The government members, or “stockholders,” usually make initial capital contributions to the supranational entity and in
many cases are committed to make additional capital contributions if the supranational entity is unable to repay its borrowings.
TEMPORARY DEFENSIVE STRATEGY AND
SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS.
Each Portfolio may temporarily invest without limit in money market instruments, including commercial paper of US corporations, certificates of deposit, bankers' acceptances and other
obligations of domestic banks, and obligations issued or guaranteed by the US government, its agencies or its instrumentalities, as part of a temporary defensive strategy or to maintain liquidity to meet redemptions.
Money market instruments typically have a maturity of one year or less as measured from the date of purchase.
A Portfolio also may temporarily
hold cash or invest in money market instruments pending investment of proceeds from new sales of Portfolio shares or during periods of portfolio restructuring.
TRACERS AND TRAINS.
Tradable Custodial Receipts or TRACERS represent an interest in a basket of investment grade corporate credits. Targeted Return Index Securities or TRAINS represent an interest in a basket
of high yield securities of varying credit quality. Interests in TRACERS and TRAINS provide a cost-effective alternative to purchasing individual issues.
WARRANTS AND RIGHTS.
Warrants and rights are securities permitting, but not obligating, the warrant holder to subscribe for other securities. Buying a warrant does not make a Portfolio a shareholder of the
underlying stock. The warrant holder has no right to dividends or votes on the underlying stock. A warrant does not carry any right to assets of the issuer, and for this reason investment in warrants may be more
speculative than other equity-based investments.
WHEN ISSUED SECURITIES, DELAYED
DELIVERY SECURITIES AND FORWARD COMMITMENTS.
A Portfolio may purchase or sell securities that it is entitled to receive on a when issued basis. A Portfolio may also purchase or sell securities on a delayed delivery basis or through a
forward commitment. These transactions involve the purchase or sale of securities by a Portfolio at an established price with payment and delivery taking place in the future. A Portfolio enters into these transactions
to obtain what is considered an advantageous price to the Portfolio at the time of entering into the transaction. No Portfolio has established any limit on the percentage of its assets that may be committed in
connection with these transactions. When a Portfolio purchases securities in these transactions, the Portfolio segregates liquid securities in an amount equal to the amount of its purchase commitments.
There can be no assurance that a
security purchased on a when issued basis will be issued or that a security purchased or sold through a forward commitment will be delivered. The value of securities in these transactions on the delivery date may be
more or less than the Portfolio's purchase price. The Portfolio may bear the risk of a decline in the value of the security in these transactions and may not benefit from an appreciation in the value of the security
during the commitment period.
US GOVERNMENT SECURITIES.
A Portfolio may invest in adjustable rate and fixed rate US Government securities. US Government securities are instruments issued or guaranteed by the US Treasury or by an agency or
instrumentality of the US Government. US Government guarantees do not extend to the yield or value of the securities or a Portfolio's shares. Not all US Government securities are backed by the full faith and credit of
the United States. Some are supported only by the credit of the issuing agency.
US Treasury securities include
bills, notes, bonds and other debt securities issued by the US Treasury. These instruments are direct obligations of the US Government and, as such, are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. They
differ primarily in their interest rates, the lengths of their maturities and the dates of their issuances. US Government guarantees do not extend to the yield or value of the securities or a Portfolio's shares.
Securities issued by agencies of
the US Government or instrumentalities of the US Government, including those which are guaranteed by Federal agencies or instrumentalities, may or may not be backed by the full faith and credit of the United States.
Obligations of the Ginnie Mae, the Farmers Home Administration and the Small Business Administration are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. In the case of securities not backed by the full faith
and credit of the United States, a Portfolio must look principally to the agency issuing or guaranteeing the obligation for ultimate repayment and may not be able to assert a claim against the United States if the
agency or instrumentality does not meet its commitments.
A Portfolio may also invest in
component parts of US Government securities, namely either the corpus (principal) of such obligations or one or more of the interest payments scheduled to be paid on such obligations. These obligations may take the
form of (1) obligations from which the interest coupons have been stripped; (2) the interest coupons that are stripped; (3) book-entries at a Federal Reserve member bank representing ownership of obligation components;
or (4) receipts evidencing the component parts (corpus or coupons) of US Government obligations that have not actually been stripped. Such receipts evidence ownership of component parts of US Government obligations
(corpus or coupons) purchased by a third party (typically an investment banking firm) and held on behalf of the third party in physical or book-entry form by a major commercial bank or trust company pursuant to a
custody agreement with the third party. A Portfolio may also invest in custodial receipts held by a third party that are not US Government securities.
ZERO COUPON SECURITIES, PAY-IN-KIND
SECURITIES AND DEFERRED PAYMENT SECURITIES.
A Portfolio may invest in zero coupon securities. Zero coupon securities are securities that are sold at a discount to par value and on which interest payments are not made during the life
of the security. The discount approximates the total amount of interest the security will accrue and compound over the period until maturity on the particular interest payment date at a rate of interest reflecting the
market rate of the security at the time of issuance. Upon maturity, the holder is entitled to receive the par value of the security. While interest payments are not made on such securities, holders of such securities
are deemed to have received income (phantom income) annually, notwithstanding that cash may not be received currently. The effect of owning instruments that do not make current interest payments is that a fixed yield
is earned not only on the original investment but also, in effect, on all discount accretion during the life of the obligations. This implicit reinvestment of earnings at the same rate eliminates the risk of being
unable to invest distributions at a rate as high as the implicit yield on the zero coupon bond, but at the same time eliminates the holder's ability to reinvest at higher rates in the future. For this reason, some of
these securities may be subject to substantially greater price fluctuations during periods of changing market interest
rates than are comparable securities that pay
interest currently, which fluctuation increases the longer the period to maturity. These investments benefit the issuer by mitigating its need for cash to meet debt service, but also require a higher rate of return to
attract investors who are willing to defer receipt of cash.
A Portfolio accrues income with
respect to these securities for Federal income tax and accounting purposes prior to the receipt of cash payments. Zero coupon securities may be subject to greater fluctuation in value and lesser liquidity in the event
of adverse market conditions than comparable rated securities paying cash interest at regular intervals. In addition to the above-described risks, there are certain other risks related to investing in zero coupon
securities. During a period of severe market conditions, the market for such securities may become even less liquid. In addition, as these securities do not pay cash interest, a Portfolio's investment exposure to
these securities and their risks, including credit risk, will increase during the time these securities are held in the Portfolio's portfolio. Further, to maintain its qualification for pass-through treatment under
the Federal tax laws, a Portfolio is required to distribute income to its shareholders and, consequently, may have to dispose of its portfolio securities under disadvantageous circumstances to generate the cash, or
may have to leverage itself by borrowing the cash to satisfy these distributions, as they relate to the income accrued but not yet received. The required distributions will result in an increase in a Portfolio's
exposure to such securities.
Pay-in-kind securities are
securities that have interest payable by delivery of additional securities. Upon maturity, the holder is entitled to receive the aggregate par value of the securities. Deferred payment securities are securities that
remain a zero coupon security until a predetermined date, at which time the stated coupon rate becomes effective and interest becomes payable at regular intervals. Holders of these types of securities are deemed to
have received income (phantom income) annually, notwithstanding that cash may not be received currently. The effect of owning instruments which do not make current interest payments is that a fixed yield is earned not
only on the original investment but also, in effect, on all discount accretion during the life of the obligations. This implicit reinvestment of earnings at the same rate eliminates the risk of being unable to invest
distributions at a rate as high as the implicit yield on the zero coupon bond, but at the same time eliminates the holder's ability to reinvest at higher rates in the future. For this reason, some of these securities
may be subject to substantially greater price fluctuations during periods of changing market interest rates than are comparable securities which pay interest currently, which fluctuation increases the longer the
period to maturity. These investments benefit the issuer by mitigating its need for cash to meet debt service, but also require a higher rate of return to attract investors who are willing to defer receipt of cash.
Zero coupon, pay-in-kind and deferred payment securities may be subject to greater fluctuation in value and lesser liquidity in the event of adverse market conditions than comparable rated securities paying cash
interest at regular intervals.
In addition to the above described
risks, there are certain other risks related to investing in zero coupon, pay-in-kind and deferred payment securities. During a period of severe market conditions, the market for such securities may become even less
liquid. In addition, as these securities do not pay cash interest, the Portfolio's investment exposure to these securities and their risks, including credit risk, will increase during the time these securities are
held in the Portfolio's portfolio. Further, to maintain its qualification for pass-through treatment under the federal tax laws, the Portfolio is required to distribute income to its shareholders and, consequently,
may have to dispose of its portfolio securities under disadvantageous circumstances to generate the cash, or may have to leverage itself by borrowing the cash to satisfy these distributions, as they relate to the
distribution of phantom income and the value of the paid-in-kind interest. The required distributions will result in an increase in the Portfolio's exposure to such securities.
NET ASSET VALUES
Any purchase or sale of Portfolio
shares is made at the net asset value, or NAV, of such shares. The price at which a purchase or redemption is made is based on the next calculation of the NAV after the order is received in good order. The NAV of each
share class of each Portfolio is determined on each day the NYSE is open for trading as of the close of the exchange's regular trading session (which is generally 4:00p.m. New York time). The NYSE is closed on most
national holidays and Good Friday. The Trust does not price, and shareholders will not be able to purchase or redeem, the Trust's shares on days when the NYSE is closed but the primary markets for the Trust's foreign
securities are open, even though the value of these securities may have changed. Conversely, the Trust will ordinarily price its shares, and shareholders may purchase and redeem shares, on days that the NYSE is open
but foreign securities markets are closed.
The securities held by each of the
Trust's portfolios are valued based upon market quotations or, if not readily available, at fair value as determined in good faith under procedures established by the Board. The Trust may use fair value pricing if it
determines that a market quotation is not reliable based, among other things, on market conditions that occur after the quotation is derived or after the closing of the primary market on which the security is traded,
but before the time that the NAV is determined. This use of fair value pricing commonly occurs with securities that are primarily traded outside of the US because such securities present time-zone arbitrage
opportunities when events or conditions affecting the prices of specific securities or the prices of securities traded in such markets generally occur after the close of the foreign markets but prior to the time that
a Portfolio determines its NAV.
The Trust may also use fair value
pricing with respect to US traded securities if, for example, trading in a particular security is halted and does not resume before a Portfolio calculates its NAV or the exchange on which a security is traded closes
early. In addition, fair value pricing is used for securities where the pricing agent or principal market maker does not provide a valuation or methodology or provides a valuation or methodology that, in the judgment
of the Investment Manager (or Subadviser) does not represent fair value. Different valuation methods may result in differing values for the same security. The fair value of a portfolio security that a Portfolio uses
to determine its NAV may differ from the security's published or quoted price. If a Portfolio needs to implement fair value pricing after the NAV publishing deadline but before shares of the Portfolio are processed,
the NAV you receive or pay may differ from the published NAV price. For purposes of computing the Trust's NAV, we will value the Trust's futures contracts 15 minutes after the close of regular trading on the NYSE.
Except when we fair value securities, we normally value each foreign security held by the Trust as of the close of the security's primary market.
Fair value pricing procedures are
designed to result in prices for a Portfolio's securities and its NAV that are reasonable in light of the circumstances which make or have made market quotations unavailable or unreliable, and to reduce arbitrage
opportunities available to short-term traders. There is no assurance, however, that fair value pricing will more accurately reflect the market value of a security than the market price of such security on that day or
that it will prevent dilution of a Portfolio's NAV by short-term traders. In the event that the fair valuation of a security results in a change of $0.01 or more to a Portfolio’s NAV per share and/or in the
aggregate results in a change of one half of one percent or more of a Portfolio’s daily NAV, the Board of Trustees shall promptly be notified, in detail, of the fair valuation, and the fair valuation will be
reported on at the next regularly scheduled Board meeting. Also, the Board of Trustees receives, on an interim basis, minutes of the meetings of the Fund’s Valuation Committee that occur between regularly
scheduled Board meetings.
The NAV for each of the Portfolios
is determined by a simple calculation. It's the total value of a Portfolio (assets minus liabilities) divided by the total number of shares outstanding.
To determine a Portfolio's NAV, its
holdings are valued as follows:
Equity securities for which the
primary market is on an exchange (whether domestic or foreign) shall be valued at the last sale price on such exchange or market on the day of valuation or, if there was no sale on such day, at the mean between the
last bid and asked prices on such day or at the last bid price on such day in the absence of an asked price. Securities included within the NASDAQ market shall be valued at the NASDAQ official closing price (NOCP) on
the day of valuation, or if there was no NOCP issued, at the last sale price on such day. Securities included within the NASDAQ market for which there is no NOCP and no last sale price on the day of valuation shall be
valued at the mean between the last bid and asked prices on such day or at the last bid price on such day in the absence of an asked price. Equity securities that are not sold on an exchange or NASDAQ are generally
valued by an independent pricing agent or principal market maker.
A Portfolio may own securities that
are primarily listed on foreign exchanges that trade on weekends or other days when the Portfolios do not price their shares. Therefore, the value of a Portfolio's assets may change on days when shareholders cannot
purchase or redeem Portfolio shares..
Short-term debt securities with
remaining maturities of 60 days or less are valued at cost with interest accrued or discount amortized to the date of maturity, unless such valuation, in the judgment of PI or a subadviser, does not represent fair
value.
Convertible debt securities that
are traded in the over-the-counter market, including listed convertible debt securities for which the primary market is believed by PI or a subadviser to be over-the-counter, are valued on the day of valuation at an
evaluated bid price provided by an independent pricing agent or, in the absence of a valuation provided by an independent pricing agent, at the bid price provided by a principal market maker or primary market
dealer.
Other debt securities—those
that are not valued on an amortized cost basis—are valued using an independent pricing service. Options on stock and stock indexes that are traded on a national securities exchange are valued at the last sale
price on such exchange on the day of valuation or, if there was no such sale on such day, at the mean between the most recently quoted bid and asked prices on such exchange.
Futures contracts and options on
futures contracts are valued at the last sale price at the close of the commodities exchange or board of trade on which they are traded. If there has been no sale that day, the securities will be valued at the mean
between the most recently quoted bid and asked prices on that exchange or board of trade.
Forward currency exchange contracts
are valued at the cost of covering or offsetting such contracts calculated on the day of valuation. Securities which are valued in accordance herewith in a currency other than US dollars shall be converted to US
dollar equivalents at a rate obtained from a recognized bank, dealer or independent service on the day of valuation.
Over-the-counter (OTC) options are
valued at the mean between bid and asked prices provided by a dealer (which may be the counterparty). A subadviser will monitor the market prices of the securities underlying the OTC options with a view to determining
the necessity of obtaining additional bid and ask quotations from other dealers to assess the validity of the prices received from the primary pricing dealer.
All short-term debt securities,
including bonds, notes, debentures and other debt securities, and money market instruments such as certificates of deposit, commercial paper, bankers' acceptances and obligations of domestic and foreign banks, with
remaining maturities of more than 60 days, for which market quotations are readily available, are valued by an independent pricing agent or principal market maker (if available, otherwise a primary market dealer).
TAXATION
This discussion of federal income
tax consequences applies to the Participating Insurance Companies because they are the direct shareholders of the Trust. Contract owners should consult their Contract prospectus for information relating to the tax
matters applicable to their Contracts. In addition, variable contract owners may wish to consult with their own tax advisors as to the tax consequences of investments in the Trust, including the application of state
and local taxes.
The Portfolio currently intends to
be treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes. As a result, the Portfolio's income, gains, losses, deductions, and credits will be “passed through” pro rata directly to the Participating
Insurance Companies and retain the same character for federal income tax purposes. Distributions may be made to the various separate accounts of the Participating Insurance Companies in the form of additional shares
(not in cash).
Under Code Section 817(h), a
segregated asset account upon which a variable annuity contract or variable life insurance policy is based must be “adequately diversified.” A segregated asset account will be adequately diversified if it
satisfies one of two alternative tests set forth in Treasury regulations. For purposes of these alternative diversification tests, a segregated asset account investing in shares of a regulated investment company will
be entitled to “look-through” the regulated investment company to its pro rata portion of the regulated investment company's assets, provided the regulated investment company satisfies certain conditions
relating to the ownership of its shares. The Trust intends to satisfy these ownership conditions. Further, the Trust intends that the Portfolio separately will be adequately diversified. Accordingly, a segregated
asset account investing solely in shares of the Portfolio will be adequately diversified, and a segregated asset account investing in shares of one or more portfolios and shares of other adequately diversified funds
generally will be adequately diversified.
The foregoing discussion of federal
income tax consequences is based on tax laws and regulations in effect on the date of this SAI, and is subject to change by legislative or administrative action. A description of other tax considerations generally
affecting the Trust and its shareholders is found in the section of the Prospectus entitled “Federal Income Taxes.” No attempt is made to present a detailed explanation of the tax treatment of the Trust or
its shareholders. No attempt is made to present a detailed explanation of state or local tax matters. The discussion herein and in the Prospectus is not intended as a substitute for careful tax planning.
DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO
HOLDINGS
Each Portfolio's portfolio holdings
as of the end of the second and fourth fiscal quarters are made public, as required by law, in the Trust's annual and semi-annual reports. These reports are filed with the SEC on Form N-CSR and mailed to shareholders
within 60 days after the end of the second and fourth fiscal quarters. The Trust's annual and semi-annual reports are posted on the Trust's website. Each Portfolio's portfolio holdings as of the end of the first and
third fiscal quarters are made public and filed with the SEC on Form N-Q within 60 days after the end of the Portfolio's first and third fiscal quarters. In addition, the Trust may provide a full list of each
Portfolio's portfolio holdings as of the end of each month on its website no sooner than approximately three business days prior to the end of the following month. The Trust may also release, at a sleeve level and/or
the composite level, each Portfolio's top ten holdings (or in the case of a fund of funds the complete list of portfolio funds and/or the top ten holdings of the portfolio funds), and summary statistics regarding
sectors, countries and/or industries and other characteristics, as of each month end, with all such information posted to the Trust’s website approximately 15 days after the end of the month, unless noted
otherwise herein.
When authorized by the Trust's
Chief Compliance Officer and another officer of the Trust, portfolio holdings information may be disseminated more frequently or at different periods than as described above. The Trust has entered into ongoing
arrangements to make available information about the Trust's portfolio holdings. Parties receiving this information may include intermediaries that distribute the Trust's shares, third party providers of auditing,
custody, proxy voting and other services for the Trust, rating and ranking organizations, and certain affiliated persons of the Trust, as described below. The procedures utilized to determine eligibility are set forth
below:
Procedures for Release of Portfolio
Holdings Information:
1. A request for release of
Portfolio holdings shall be provided by such third party setting forth a legitimate business purpose for such release which shall specify the Portfolio, the terms of such release, and frequency (e.g., level of detail
staleness). The request shall address whether there are any conflicts of interest between the Portfolio and the investment adviser, sub-adviser, principal underwriter or any affiliated person thereof and how such
conflicts shall be dealt with to demonstrate that the disclosure is in the best interest of the shareholders of the Portfolio.
2. The request shall be forwarded
to the Chief Compliance Officer of the Trust, or his delegate, for review and approval.
3. A confidentiality agreement in
the form approved by an officer of the Trust must be executed with the recipient of the Portfolio holdings information.
4. An officer of the Portfolio
shall approve the release and agreement. Copies of the release and agreement shall be sent to PI's law department.
5. Written notification of the
approval shall be sent by such officer to PI's Fund Administration Department to arrange the release of Portfolio holdings information.
6. PI's Fund Administration
Department shall arrange for the release of Portfolio holdings information by the Portfolio's custodian bank(s).
As of the date of this Statement of
Additional Information, the Trust will provide:
1. Traditional External
Recipients/Vendors
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Full holdings on a daily basis to RiskMetrics Group, Institutional Shareholder Services, Inc., Broadridge and Glass, Lewis & Co (proxy voting administrator/agents) at the end of each day;
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Full holdings on a daily basis to RickMetrics Group (securities class action claims services administrator) at the end of each day;
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Full holdings on a daily basis to each Portfolio's subadviser(s) (as identified in the Trust's prospectus), Custodian Bank (Bank of New York and/or PNC, as applicable), sub-custodian (Citibank, NA (foreign
sub-custodian)) and accounting agents (which includes the Custodian Bank and any other accounting agent that may be appointed) at the end of each day. When a Portfolio has more than one subadviser, each subadviser
receives holdings information only with respect to the “sleeve” or segment of the Portfolio for which the subadviser has responsibility;
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Full holdings to a Portfolio's independent registered public accounting firm (KPMG LLP) as soon as practicable following the Portfolio's fiscal year-end or on an as-needed basis; and
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Full holdings to financial printers (RR Donnelly and/or VG Reed, as applicable) as soon as practicable following the end of a Portfolio's quarterly, semi-annual and annual period ends.
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2. Analytical Service Providers
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Portfolio trades on a quarterly basis to Abel/Noser Corp. (an agency-only broker and transaction cost analysis company) as soon as practicable following a Portfolio's fiscal quarter-end;
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Full holdings on a daily basis to FT Interactive Data (a fair value information service) at the end of each day;
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Full holdings on a daily basis to FactSet Research Systems, Inc. and Lipper, Inc. (analytical services/investment research providers) at the end of each day;
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Full holdings on a daily basis to Vestek (for preparation of fact sheets) at the end of each day (Target Funds and selected Prudential Investments Funds only);
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Full holdings on a quarterly basis to Plexus (review of brokerage transactions) as soon as practicable following a Portfolio's fiscal quarter-end;
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Full holdings on a monthly basis to Advanced Quantitative Consulting (AQC) (attribution analysis) (AST Academic Strategies Asset Allocation Portfolio only) as soon as practicable following the close of each calendar
month;
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Full holdings on a daily basis to Brown Brothers Harriman & Co. (certain operational functions) (AST Wellington Management Hedged Equity Portfolio only) at the end of each day;
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Full holdings on a daily basis to Investment Technology Group, Inc. (analytical services) (AST Legg Mason Diversified Growth Portfolio (QS Batterymarch-managed segments) and AST Wellington Management Hedged Equity
Portfolio only) at the end of each day;
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Full holdings on a daily basis to Markit WSO Corporation (certain operational functions) (AST Wellington Management Hedged Equity Portfolio only) at the end of each day;
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Full holdings on a daily basis to State Street Bank and Trust Company (certain operational functions) (AST Wellington Management Hedged Equity Portfolio only) at the end of each day.
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Full holdings on a daily basis to Glass, Lewis & Co. (certain operational functions) (AST Wellington Management Hedged Equity Portfolio only) at the end of each day.
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Full holdings on a daily basis to Thomson Reuters (analytical services) (AST Legg Mason Diversified Growth Portfolio (QS Batterymarch-managed segments only) at the end of each day.
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Full holdings on a daily basis to SunGard (compliance services) (AST Legg Mason Diversified Growth Portfolio (QS Batterymarch-managed segments only) at the end of each day.
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Full holdings on an intraday basis to StarCompliance (compliance services) (AST Legg Mason Diversified Growth Portfolio only) at the end of each day.
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In each case, the information
disclosed must be for a legitimate business purpose and is subject to a confidentiality agreement intended to prohibit the recipient from trading on or further disseminating such information (except for legitimate
business purposes). Such arrangements will be monitored on an ongoing basis and will be reviewed by the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer and PI's Law Department on an annual basis.
In addition, certain authorized
employees of PI receive portfolio holdings information on a quarterly, monthly or daily basis or upon request, in order to perform their business functions. All PI employees are subject to the requirements of the
personal securities trading policy of Prudential Financial, Inc., which prohibits employees from trading on, or further disseminating confidential information, including portfolio holdings information.
In no instance may the Investment
Adviser or the Trust receive any compensation or consideration in exchange for the portfolio holdings information.
The Board of Trustees of the Trust
has approved PI's Policy for the Dissemination of Portfolio Holdings. The Board shall, on a quarterly basis, be advised of any revisions to the list of recipients of the portfolio holdings information and the reason
for such disclosure. The Board has delegated oversight of the Trust's disclosure of portfolio holdings to the Chief Compliance Officer.
Arrangements pursuant to which the
Trust discloses non-public information with respect to its portfolio holdings do not provide for any compensation in return for the disclosure of the information.
There can be no assurance that the
Trust's policies and procedures on portfolio holdings information will protect the Trust from the potential misuse of such information by individuals or entities that come into possession of the information.
In each case, the information
disclosed must be for a legitimate business purpose and is subject to a confidentiality agreement intended to prohibit the recipient from trading on or further disseminating such information (except for legitimate
business purposes). Such arrangements will be monitored on an ongoing basis and will be reviewed by the Trust's Chief Compliance Officer and PI's Law Department on an annual basis.
In addition, certain authorized
employees of PI receive portfolio holdings information on a quarterly, monthly or daily basis or upon request, in order to perform their business functions. All PI employees are subject to the requirements of the
personal securities trading policy of Prudential Financial, Inc., which prohibits employees from trading on, or further disseminating confidential information, including portfolio holdings information.
In no instance may the Investment
Manager or the Trust receive any compensation or consideration in exchange for the portfolio holdings information.
The Board has approved PI's Policy
for the Dissemination of Portfolio Holdings. The Board shall, on a quarterly basis, receive a report from PI detailing the recipients of the portfolio holdings information and the reason for such disclosure. The Board
has delegated oversight over the Trust's disclosure of portfolio holdings to the Chief Compliance Officer.
There can be no assurance that the
Trust's policies and procedures on portfolio holdings information will protect a Portfolio from the potential misuse of such information by individuals or entities that come into possession of the information.
PROXY VOTING
The Board has delegated to the
Trust's investment manager, PI, the responsibility for voting any proxies and maintaining proxy recordkeeping with respect to each Portfolio. The Trust authorizes the Investment Manager to delegate, in whole or in
part, its proxy voting authority to its investment subadviser or third party vendors consistent with the policies set forth below. The proxy voting process shall remain subject to the supervision of the Board,
including any committee thereof established for that purpose.
The Investment Manager and the
Board view the proxy voting process as a component of the investment process and, as such, seek to ensure that all proxy proposals are voted with the primary goal of seeking the optimal benefit for each Portfolio.
Consistent with this goal, the Board views the proxy voting process as a means to encourage strong corporate governance practices and ethical conduct by corporate management. The Investment Manager and the Board
maintain a policy of seeking to protect the best interests of each Portfolio should a proxy issue potentially implicate a conflict of interest between a Portfolio and the Investment Manager or its affiliates.
The Investment Manager delegates to
each Portfolio's subadviser(s) the responsibility for voting each Portfolio's proxies. The subadviser is expected to identify and seek to obtain the optimal benefit for the Portfolio it manages, and to adopt written
policies that meet certain minimum standards, including that the policies be reasonably designed to protect the best interests of a Portfolio and delineate procedures to be followed when a proxy vote presents a
conflict between the interests of the Portfolio and the interests of the subadviser or its affiliates.
The Investment Manager and the
Board expect that the subadviser will notify the Investment Manager and the Board at least annually of any such conflicts identified and confirm how the issue was resolved. In addition, the Investment Manager expect
that the subadviser will deliver to the Investment Manager, or their appointed vendor, information required for filing the Form N-PX with the SEC. Information regarding how each Portfolio of the Trust voted proxies
relating to its portfolio securities during the most recent twelve-month period ended June 30 is available on the Trust’s website and on the SEC's website at www.sec.gov.
CODES OF ETHICS
The Board of the Trust has adopted a
Code of Ethics. In addition, the Investment Manager, investment subadviser(s) and Distributor have each adopted a Code of Ethics (the Codes). The Codes apply to access persons (generally, persons who have access to
information about a Portfolio's investment program) and permit personnel subject to the Codes to invest in securities, including securities that may be purchased or held by a Portfolio. However, the protective
provisions of the Codes prohibit certain investments and limit such personnel from making investments during periods when the Portfolio is making such investments. The Codes are on public file with, and are available
from, the SEC.
APPENDIX I: DESCRIPTION OF BOND
RATINGS
STANDARD & POOR'S RATINGS
SERVICES (S&P)
Long-Term Issue Credit Ratings
AAA:
An obligation rated AAA has the highest rating assigned by S&P. The obligor's capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is extremely strong.
AA:
An obligation rated AA differs from the highest rated obligations only in small degree. The obligor's capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is very strong.
A:
An obligation rated A is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However, the
obligor's capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is still strong.
BBB:
An obligation rated BBB exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the
obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
BB:
An obligation rated BB is less vulnerable to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic
conditions which could lead to the obligor's inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
B:
An obligation rated B is more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated BB, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. Adverse
business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligor's capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
CCC:
An obligation rated CCC is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment
on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
CC:
An obligation rated CC is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment.
C:
The C rating may be used to cover a situation where a bankruptcy petition has been filed or similar action has been taken, but payments on this obligation are being continued.
Plus (+) or Minus (–):
The ratings from AA to CCC may be modified by the addition of a plus or minus sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories
Commercial Paper Ratings
A-1:
This designation indicates that the degree of safety regarding timely payment is strong. Those issues determined to possess extremely strong safety characteristics are denoted with a plus
sign (+) designation.
A-2:
Capacity for timely payment on issues with this designation is satisfactory. However, the relative degree of safety is not as high as for issues designated A-1.
Notes Ratings
An S&P notes rating reflects the
liquidity factors and market risks unique to notes. Notes due in three years or less will likely receive a notes rating. Notes maturing beyond three years will most likely receive a long-term debt rating. The
following criteria will be used in making that assessment.
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Amortization schedule-the longer the final maturity relative to other maturities the more likely it will be treated as a note.
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Source of payment-the more dependent the issue is on the market for its refinancing, the more likely it will be treated as a note.
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Note rating symbols are as
follows:
SP-1:
Strong capacity to pay principal and interest. An issue determined to possess a very strong capacity to pay debt service is given a plus (+) designation.
SP-2:
Satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest, with some vulnerability to adverse financial and economic changes over the term of the notes.
MOODY'S INVESTORS SERVICE, INC.
(MOODY'S)
Debt Ratings
Aaa:
Bonds which are rated Aaa are judged to be of the best quality. They carry the smallest degree of investment risk and are generally referred to as “gilt edged.” Interest
payments are protected by a large or by an exceptionally stable margin and principal is secure. While the various protective elements are likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to impair
the fundamentally strong position of such issues.
Aa:
Bonds which are rated Aa are judged to be of high quality by all standards. Together with the Aaa group they comprise what are generally known as high-grade bonds. They are rated lower
than the best bonds because margins of protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities or fluctuation of protective elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements present which make the
long-term risks appear somewhat larger than the Aaa securities.
A:
Bonds which are rated A possess many favorable investment attributes and are to be considered as upper-medium-grade obligations. Factors giving security to principal and interest are
considered adequate, but elements may be present which suggest a susceptibility to impairment some time in the future.
Baa:
Bonds which are rated Baa are considered as medium-grade obligations, i.e., they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured. Interest payments and principal security appear adequate
for the present but certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over any great length of time. Such bonds lack outstanding investment characteristics and in fact have speculative
characteristics as well.
Ba:
Bonds which are rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements; their future cannot be considered as well assured. Often the protection of interest and principal payments may be very
moderate and thereby not well safeguarded during both good and bad times over the future. Uncertainty of position characterizes bonds in this class.
B:
Bonds which are rated B generally lack characteristics of the desirable investment. Assurance of interest and principal payments or of maintenance of other terms of the contract over any
long period of time may be small.
Caa:
Bonds which are rated Caa are of poor standing. Such issues may be in default or there may be present elements of danger with respect to principal or interest.
Ca:
Bonds which are rated Ca represent obligations which are speculative in a high degree. Such issues are often in default or have other marked shortcomings.
C:
Bonds which are rated C are the lowest-rated class of bonds, and issues so rated can be regarded as having extremely poor prospects of ever attaining any real investment
standing.
Moody's applies numerical modifiers
1, 2, and 3 in each generic rating category from Aa to Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the issuer is in the higher end of its letter rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; the modifier 3
indicates that the issuer is in the lower end of the letter ranking category.
Short-Term Ratings
Moody's short-term debt ratings are
opinions of the ability of issuers to honor senior financial obligations and contracts. Such obligations generally have an original maturity not exceeding one year, unless explicitly noted.
PRIME-1:
Issuers rated Prime-1 (or supporting institutions) have a superior ability for repayment of senior short-term debt obligations. Prime-1 repayment ability will often be evidenced by many of
the following characteristics:
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Leading market positions in well-established industries.
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High rates of return on Portfolios employed.
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Conservative capitalization structure with moderate reliance on debt and ample asset protection.
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Broad margins in earnings coverage of fixed financial charges and high internal cash generation.
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Well-established access to a range of financial markets and assured sources of alternate liquidity.
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PRIME-2:
Issuers rated Prime-2 (or supporting institutions) have a strong ability for repayment of senior short-term debt obligations. This normally will be evidenced by many of the characteristics
cited above but to a lesser degree. Earnings trends and coverage ratios, while sound, may be more subject to variation. Capitalization characteristics, while still appropriate, may be more affected by external
conditions. Ample alternate liquidity is maintained.
MIG 1:
This designation denotes best quality. There is strong protection by established cash flows, superior liquidity support or demonstrated broad-based access to the market for
refinancing.
MIG 2:
This designation denotes high quality. Margins of protection are ample although not so large as in the proceeding group.
FITCH, INC.
International Long-Term Credit
Ratings
AAA:
Highest Credit Quality. AAA ratings denote the lowest expectation of credit risk. They are assigned only in case of exceptionally strong capacity for timely payment of financial
commitments. This capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.
AA:
Very High Credit Quality. AA ratings denote a very low expectation of credit risk. They indicate very strong capacity for timely payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not
significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events.
A:
High Credit Quality. A ratings denote a low expectation of credit risk. The capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is considered strong. This capacity may, nevertheless, be
more vulnerable to changes in circumstances or in economic conditions than is the case for higher ratings.
BBB:
Good Credit Quality. BBB ratings indicate that there is currently a low expectation of credit risk. The capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is considered adequate, but
adverse changes in circumstances and in economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity. This is the lowest investment-grade category.
BB:
Speculative. BB ratings indicate that there is a possibility of credit risk developing, particularly as the result of adverse economic change over time; however, business or financial
alternatives may be available to allow financial commitments to be met. Securities rated in this category are not investment grade.
B:
Highly Speculative. B ratings indicate that significant credit risk is present, but a limited margin of safety remains. Financial commitments are currently being met; however, capacity for
continued payment is contingent upon a sustained, favorable business and economic environment.
CCC, CC, C:
High Default Risk. Default is a real possibility. Capacity for meeting financial commitments is solely reliant upon sustained, favorable business or economic developments. A CC rating
indicates that default of some kind appears probable. C ratings signal imminent default.
International Short-Term Credit
Ratings
F1:
Highest Credit Quality. Indicates the strongest capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have an added “+” to denote any exceptionally strong credit
feature.
F2:
Good Credit Quality. A satisfactory capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, but the margin of safety is not as great as in the case of the higher ratings.
F3:
Fair Credit Quality. The capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is adequate; however, near-term adverse changes could result in a reduction to non-investment grade.
B:
Speculative. Minimal capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, plus vulnerability to near-term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.
C:
High Default Risk. Default is a real possibility. Capacity for meeting financial commitments is solely reliant upon a sustained, favorable business and economic investment.
Plus (+) or Minus (–):
Plus or minus signs may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffixes are not added to the AAA long-term rating category, to categories
below CCC, or to short-term ratings other than F1.
APPENDIX II: PROXY VOTING
POLICIES OF THE SUBADVISERS
PGIM, INC. (PGIM)
The policy of each of PGIM's asset
management units is to vote proxies in the best interests of their respective clients based on the clients’ priorities. Client interests are placed ahead of any potential interest of PGIM or its asset management
units.
Because the various asset
management units manage distinct classes of assets with differing management styles, some units will consider each proxy on its individual merits while other units may adopt a predetermined set of voting guidelines.
The specific voting approach of each unit is noted below.
Relevant members of management and
regulatory personnel oversee the proxy voting process and monitor potential conflicts of interests. In addition, should the need arise, senior members of management, as advised by Compliance and Law, are authorized to
address any proxy matter involving an actual or apparent conflict of interest that cannot be resolved at the level of an individual asset management business unit.
PRUDENTIAL FIXED INCOME
. Prudential Fixed Income’s policy is to vote proxies in the best economic interest of its clients. In the case of pooled accounts, the policy is to vote proxies in the best economic
interest of the pooled account. The proxy voting policy contains detailed voting guidelines on a wide variety of issues commonly voted upon by shareholders. These guidelines reflect Prudential Fixed Income’s
judgment of how to further the best economic interest of its clients through the shareholder or debt-holder voting process.
Prudential Fixed Income invests
primarily in debt securities, thus there are few traditional proxies voted by it. Prudential Fixed Income generally votes with management on routine matters such as the appointment of accountants or the election of
directors. From time to time, ballot issues arise that are not addressed by the policy or circumstances may suggest a vote not in accordance with the established guidelines. In these cases, voting decisions are made
on a case-by-case basis by the applicable portfolio manager taking into consideration the potential economic impact of the proposal. If a security is held in multiple accounts and two or more portfolio managers are
not in agreement with respect to a particular vote, Prudential Fixed Income’s proxy voting committee will determine the vote. Not all ballots are received by Prudential Fixed Income in advance of voting
deadlines, but when ballots are received in a timely fashion, Prudential Fixed Income strives to meet its voting obligations. It cannot, however, guarantee that every proxy will be voted prior to its deadline.
With respect to non-U.S. holdings,
Prudential Fixed Income takes into account additional restrictions in some countries that might impair its ability to trade those securities or have other potentially adverse economic consequences. Prudential Fixed
Income generally votes non-U.S. securities on a best efforts basis if it determines that voting is in the best economic interest of its clients.
Occasionally, a conflict of
interest may arise in connection with proxy voting. For example, the issuer of the securities being voted may also be a client of Prudential Fixed Income. When Prudential Fixed Income identifies an actual or potential
conflict of interest between the firm and its clients with respect to proxy voting, the matter is presented to senior management who will resolve such issue in consultation with the compliance and legal
departments.
Any client may obtain a copy of
Prudential Fixed Income’s proxy voting policy, guidelines and procedures, as well as the proxy voting records for that client’s securities, by contacting the client service representative responsible for
the client’s account.
PRUDENTIAL REAL ESTATE
INVESTORS.
PREI's proxy voting policy contains detailed voting guidelines on a wide variety of issues commonly voted upon by shareholders. These guidelines reflect PREI's judgment of how to further
the best long-range economic interest of our clients (i.e. the mutual interest of clients in seeing the appreciation in value of a common investment over time) through the shareholder voting process. PREI's policy is
generally to vote proxies on social or political issues on a case by case basis. Additionally, where issues are not addressed by our policy, or when circumstances suggest a vote not in accordance with our established
guidelines, voting decisions are made on a case-by-case basis taking into consideration the potential economic impact of the proposal. With respect to international holdings, we take into account additional
restrictions in some countries that might impair our ability to trade those securities or have other potentially adverse economic consequences, and generally vote foreign securities on a best efforts basis in
accordance with the recommendations of the issuer's management if we determine that voting is in the best economic interest of our clients.
PREI utilizes the services of a
third party proxy voting facilitator, and upon receipt of proxies will direct the voting facilitator to vote in a manner consistent with PREI's established proxy voting guidelines described above (assuming timely
receipt of proxy materials from issuers and custodians). In accordance with its obligations under the Advisers Act, PREI provides full disclosure of its proxy voting policy, guidelines and procedures to its clients
upon their request, and will also provide to any client, upon request, the proxy voting records for that client's securities.
PART C
OTHER INFORMATION
Item 28. Exhibits.
(a)(1) Second Amended and
Restated Declaration of Trust of Registrant. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 57 to Registrant’s Registration Statement for Form N-1A (File Nos. 33-24962 and 811-5186) (the
“Registration Statement”), which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on February 27, 2006, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(a)(2) Amendment to
Declaration of Trust of Registrant. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 62 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 26, 2007, and is incorporated herein by
reference.
(b) By-laws of Registrant.
Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on February 18, 2005, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(c) None
(d)(1)(a) Investment
Management Agreement among the Registrant, American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now known as AST Investment Services, Incorporated) and Prudential Investments LLC for the various portfolios of the
Registrant. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 49 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 30, 2004, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(1)(b) Amendment to Investment
Management Agreement. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 111 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on February 1, 2013, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(1)(c) Amended Fee
Schedule to Investment Management Agreement. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 118 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on December 30, 2013, and is incorporated herein by
reference.
(d)(1)(c)(1) Amended Fee
Schedule to Investment Management Agreement among the Registrant, American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now known as AST Investment Services, Incorporated) and Prudential Investments LLC. Filed as an
exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 134 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on June 25, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(1)(d) Contractual
investment management fee waivers and/or contractual expense caps for selected AST portfolios. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 130 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on
April 15, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(1)(e) Contractual
investment management fee waivers and/or contractual expense caps for selected AST portfolios. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on
July 7, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(1)(f) Contractual investment
management fee waivers and/or contractual expense caps for selected AST portfolios.
Filed herewith.
(d)(2)(a) Investment Management
Agreement among the Registrant and Prudential Investments LLC. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 116 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 18, 2013, and is
incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(2)(a)(1) Amended Fee Schedule
to Investment Management Agreement among the Registrant and Prudential Investments LLC adding AST Bond Portfolio 2027.
Filed herewith.
(d)(2)(b) Contractual
investment management fee waivers and/or contractual expense caps for selected AST portfolios. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on
July 7, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(2)(c) Contractual Investment
management fee waiver and/or contractual expense cap for AST Bond Portfolio 2027.
Filed herewith.
(d)(3) Subadvisory Agreement
among American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now known as AST Investment Services, Incorporated), Prudential Investments LLC and Prudential Investment Management, Inc. for the AST Money Market
Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 58 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 28, 2006, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(4)(a) Subadvisory
Agreement among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and Prudential Investment Management, Inc. for the AST Bond Portfolio 2015, AST Bond Portfolio 2018, AST Bond Portfolio 2019,
and the AST Investment Grade Bond Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 69 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 18, 2008, and is incorporated
herein by reference.
(d)(4)(b) Subadvisory
Agreement among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and Prudential Investment Management, Inc. for the AST Bond Portfolio 2016 and AST Bond Portfolio 2020. Filed as an exhibit to
Post-Effective Amendment No. 73 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on December 18, 2008, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(4)(c) Subadvisory
Agreement among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and Prudential Investment Management, Inc. for the AST Bond Portfolio 2017 and AST Bond Portfolio 2021. Filed as an exhibit
to Post-Effective Amendment No. 78 to Registration Statement which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on December 28, 2009, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(4)(d) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and Prudential Investment Management, Inc. for the AST Bond Portfolio 2022. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment
No. 83 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on December 22, 2010, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(4)(e) Subadvisory
Agreement among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and Prudential Investment Management, Inc. for the AST Prudential Core Bond Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to
Post-Effective Amendment No. 90 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on October 5, 2011, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(4)(f) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and Prudential Investment Management, Inc. for the AST Bond Portfolio 2023. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 93 to the
Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on December 23, 2011, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(4)(g) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and Prudential Investment Management, Inc. for the AST Bond Portfolio 2024. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 107 to
Registration Statement, which was filed via EDGAR on November 13, 2012, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(4)(h) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and Prudential Investment Management, Inc. for the AST Bond Portfolio 2025. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 118 to
Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on December 30, 2013, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(5) Subadvisory Agreement
among American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now known as AST Investment Services, Incorporated), Prudential Investments LLC and T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. for the AST T. Rowe Price Asset
Allocation Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 49 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 30, 2004, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(6) Subadvisory Agreement
among American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now known as AST Investment Services, Incorporated), Prudential Investments LLC and T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. for the AST T. Rowe Price
Natural Resources Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 49 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 30, 2004, and is incorporated herein by
reference
(d)(7) Subadvisory Agreement
among American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now known as AST Investment Services, Incorporated), Prudential Investments LLC and William Blair & Company LLC for the AST International Growth
Portfolio (formerly known as the AST William Blair International Growth Portfolio). Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 49 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on
April 30, 2004, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(8) Subadvisory Agreement
among American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now known as AST Investment Services, Incorporated), Prudential Investments LLC and LSV Asset Management for the AST International Value Portfolio
(formerly known as the AST LSV International Value Portfolio). Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on February 18, 2005, and
is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(9) Amendment to Subadvisory
Agreement among American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now known as AST Investment Services, Incorporated), Prudential Investments LLC and LSV Asset Management for the AST International Value
Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 62 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 26, 2007, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(10) Subadvisory Agreement
among American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now known as AST Investment Services, Incorporated), Prudential Investments LLC and J. P. Morgan Investment Management, Inc. for the AST J.P. Morgan
International Equity Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 49 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 30, 2004, and is incorporated herein by
reference.
(d)(11) Subadvisory Agreement
among American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now known as AST Investment Services, Incorporated), Prudential Investments LLC and Hotchkis and Wiley Capital Management LLC for the AST Large-Cap Value
Portfolio (formerly known as the AST Hotchkis and Wiley Large-Cap Value Portfolio). Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 49 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on
April 30, 2004, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(12)(a) Subadvisory Agreement
among American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now known as AST Investment Services, Incorporated), Prudential Investments LLC and Goldman Sachs Asset Management for the AST Goldman Sachs Small-Cap
Value Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 49 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 30, 2004, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(12)(b) Amendment to
Subadvisory Agreement, by and among AST Investment Services, Inc., Prudential Investments LLC, and Goldman Sachs Asset Management, pursuant to which Subadviser has been retained to provide investment advisory services
to the AST Goldman Sachs Small Cap Value Portfolio of Advanced Series Trust., AST Goldman Sachs Mid-Cap Growth Portfolio of Advanced Series Trust., AST Goldman Sachs Large Cap Value Portfolio of Advanced Series Trust,
AST Goldman Sachs Multi—Asset Portfolio of Advanced Series Trust. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 123 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2014, and is
incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(13) Subadvisory Agreement
among American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now known as AST Investment Services, Incorporated), Prudential Investments LLC and Cohen & Steers Capital Management, Inc. for the AST
Cohen & Steers Realty Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 49 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 30, 2004, and is incorporated herein
by reference.
(d)(14)(a) Subadvisory Agreement
among American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now known as AST Investment Services, Incorporated), Prudential Investments LLC and Neuberger Berman Management, Incorporated for the AST Neuberger
Berman Mid-Cap Value Portfolio (now known as the AST Neuberger Berman/LSV Mid-Cap Value Portfolio). Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 49 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via
EDGAR on April 30, 2004, and is incorporated herein by reference
(d)(14)(b) Amendment to
Subadvisory Agreements among AST Investment Services, Inc., Prudential Investments LLC and Neuberger Berman Management, Inc. for the AST Neuberger Berman Mid-Cap Value Portfolio (now known as the AST
Neuberger Berman /LSV Mid-Cap Value Portfolio). Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 69 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 18, 2008, and is incorporated
herein by reference.
(d)(14)(c) Amendment to
Subadvisory Agreements among AST Investment Services, Inc., Prudential Investments LLC and Neuberger Berman Management LLC. for each of the AST Neuberger Berman Mid-Cap Value Portfolio (now known as the AST
Neuberger Berman /LSV Mid-Cap Value Portfolio) and the AST International Growth Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 123 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on
April 17, 2014, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(15) Subadvisory Agreement
among American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now known as AST Investment Services, Incorporated), Prudential Investments LLC and Eagle Asset Management, Inc. for the AST Small-Cap Growth Portfolio.
Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 to the Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 29, 2005, and is incorporated herein by reference
(d)(16) Subadvisory Agreement
among American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now known as AST Investment Services, Incorporated), Prudential Investments LLC and Massachusetts Financial Services Company for the AST MFS Global Equity
Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 49 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 30, 2004, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(17) Subadvisory Agreement
among American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now known as AST Investment Services, Incorporated), Prudential Investments LLC and Massachusetts Financial Services Company for the AST MFS Growth
Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 49 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 30, 2004, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(18) Subadvisory Agreement
among American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now known as AST Investment Services, Incorporated), Prudential Investments LLC and Goldman Sachs Asset Management for the AST Goldman Sachs Mid-Cap
Growth Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 49 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 30, 2004, and is incorporated herein by reference
(d)(19) Subadvisory Agreement
among American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now known as AST Investment Services, Incorporated), Prudential Investments LLC and Lee Munder Investments, Ltd. for the AST Small-Cap Value Portfolio.
Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on February 18, 2005, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(20) Subadvisory Agreement
among American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now known as AST Investment Services, Incorporated), Prudential Investments LLC and J.P. Morgan Investment Management, Inc. for the AST Small-Cap Value
Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on February 18, 2005, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(21) Subadvisory Agreement
among American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now known as AST Investment Services, Incorporated), Prudential Investments LLC and Lord Abbett & Co. for the AST Lord Abbett Bond-Debenture Portfolio
(now known as the AST Lord Abbett Core Fixed Income Portfolio). Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 49 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 30, 2004, and is
incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(22)(a) Subadvisory
Agreement among American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now known as AST Investment Services, Incorporated), Prudential Investments LLC and LSV Asset Management for the AST Advanced Strategies
Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 57 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on February 27, 2006, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(22)(b) Amendment to
Subadvisory Agreement among American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now known as AST Investment Services, Incorporated), Prudential Investments LLC and LSV Asset Management for the AST Advanced
Strategies Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 62 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 26, 2007, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(23) Subadvisory Agreement
among American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now known as AST Investment Services, Incorporated), Prudential Investments LLC and William Blair & Company LLC for the AST Advanced Strategies
Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 57 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on February 27, 2006, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(24) Subadvisory Agreement
among American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now known as AST Investment Services, Incorporated), Prudential Investments LLC and T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. for the AST Advanced Strategies
Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 57 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on February 27, 2006, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(25) Subadvisory Agreement
among American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now known as AST Investment Services, Incorporated), Prudential Investments LLC and Marsico Capital Management, LLC for the AST Advanced Strategies
Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 57 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on February 27, 2006, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(26)(a) Subadvisory
Agreement among American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now known as AST Investment Services, Incorporated), Prudential Investments LLC and Pacific Investment Management Company LLC for the AST
Advanced Strategies Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 57 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on February 27, 2006, and is incorporated herein by
reference.
(d)(26)(b) Amendment to
Subadvisory Agreement among AST Investment Services, Inc., Prudential Investments LLC and Pacific Investment Management Company LLC for the AST Advanced Strategies Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective
Amendment No. 69 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 18, 2008, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(27) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services Inc., Prudential Investments LLC, Quantitative Management Associates, LLC, Prudential Investment Management, Inc., and Jennison Associates, LLC for the AST Advanced Strategies
Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 74 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 23, 2009, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(28)(a) Subadvisory
Agreement among AST Investment Services, Inc., Prudential Investments LLC and J.P. Morgan Investment Management, Inc. for the AST J.P. Morgan Strategic Opportunities Portfolio (formerly the AST UBS Dynamic
Alpha Portfolio). Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 81 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 19, 2010, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(28)(b) Amendment to
Subadvisory Agreement dated October 1, 2015 among AST Investment Services, Inc., Prudential Investments LLC and J.P. Morgan Investment Management, Inc. for the AST J.P. Morgan Strategic Opportunities Portfolio.
Filed herewith.
(d)(29) Subadvisory Agreement
among American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now known as AST Investment Services, Incorporated), Prudential Investments LLC and J.P. Morgan Investment Management, Inc., for the AST Large-Cap
Value Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 62 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 26, 2007, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(30) Subadvisory Agreement
among American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now known as AST Investment Services, Incorporated), Prudential Investments LLC and T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., for the AST T. Rowe Price
Large-Cap Growth Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 62 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 26, 2007, and is incorporated herein by
reference.
(d)(31) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and Schroder Investment Management North America Inc. for the AST Schroders Global Tactical Portfolio (formerly AST CLS Growth Asset
Allocation Portfolio). Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 95 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on March 23, 2012, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(32) Sub-Subadvisory
Agreement among Schroder Investment Management North America Inc. and Schroder Investment Management North America Ltd., AST Investment Services, Incorporated , and Prudential Investments LLC for the AST
Schroders Global Tactical Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 95 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on March 23, 2012, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(33) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Inc., Prudential Investments LLC and Western Asset Management Company Limited for the AST Western Asset Core Plus Bond Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment
No. 69 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 18, 2008, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(34) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Inc., Prudential Investments LLC and Western Asset Management Company for the AST Western Asset Core Plus Bond Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 69
to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 18, 2008, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(35) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Inc., Prudential Investments LLC and Prudential Real Estate Investors for the AST Global Real Estate Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 69 to
Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 18, 2008, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(36) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Inc., Prudential Investments LLC and Parametric Portfolio Associates LLC for the AST Parametric Emerging Markets Equity Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment
No. 69 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 18, 2008, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(37) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Inc., Prudential Investments LLC and Quantitative Management Associates LLC for the AST QMA US Equity Alpha Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 69 to
Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 18, 2008, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(38) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services Inc., Prudential Investments LLC and LSV Asset Management for the AST Neuberger Berman Mid-Cap Value Portfolio (re-named as the AST Neuberger Berman / LSV Mid-Cap Value Portfolio). Filed
as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 71 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on July 15, 2008, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(39) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC, and each of Prudential Investment Management, Inc., Jennison Associates LLC, Prudential Bache Asset Management, and Quantitative
Management Associates LLC for the AST Academic Strategies Asset Allocation Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 74 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on
April 23, 2009, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(40) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC, and Pacific Investment Management Company LLC for the AST Academic Strategies Asset Allocation Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to
Post-Effective Amendment No. 71 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on July 15, 2008, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(41) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC, and AlphaSimplex Group for the AST Academic Strategies Asset Allocation Portfolio Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment
No. 74 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 23, 2009, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(42) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC, and First Quadrant, L.P. for the AST Academic Strategies Asset Allocation Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment
No. 74 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 23, 2009, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(43) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC, and Jennison Associates LLC, for AST Jennison Large-Cap Growth Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 76 to
Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on September 10, 2009, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(44) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC, and Quantitative Management Associates, for AST Quantitative Modeling Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment
No. 88 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 15, 2011, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(45) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC, and Wellington Management Company, LLP, for AST Wellington Management Hedged Equity Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective
Amendment No. 88 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 15, 2011, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(46) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC, and C.S. McKee, LP, for AST New Discovery Asset Allocation Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 99 to
Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2012, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(47) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC, and EARNEST Partners, LLC, for AST New Discovery Asset Allocation Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 99 to
Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2012, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(48) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC, and Epoch Investment Partners, Inc., for AST New Discovery Asset Allocation Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No.
116 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 18, 2013, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(49) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC, and Security Investors, LLC, for AST New Discovery Asset Allocation Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 99 to
Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2012, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(50) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC, and Thompson, Siegel & Walmsley LLC, for AST New Discovery Asset Allocation Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment
No. 99 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2012, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(51) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC, and Emerald Mutual Fund Advisers Trust, for AST Small-Cap Growth Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 99 to
Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2012, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(52) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC, and Jennison Associates LLC, for AST International Growth Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 99 to Registration
Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2012, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(53) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC, and CoreCommodity Management LLC for AST Academic Strategies Asset Allocation Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 123
to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2014, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(54) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC, and J.P. Morgan Investment Management, Inc. for the AST J.P. Morgan Global Thematic Portfolio. Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment
No. 103 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on July 25, 2012, as is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(55) Sub-subadvisory Agreement
among J.P. Morgan Investment Management, Inc. and Security Capital Research & Management Incorporated for the AST J.P. Morgan Global Thematic Portfolio. Incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No.
106 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on October 31, 2012, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(56) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and Western Asset Management Company for the AST Western Asset Emerging Markets Debt Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment
No. 103 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on July 24, 2012, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(57) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and Western Asset Management Company Limited for the AST Western Asset Emerging Market Debts Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective
Amendment No.103 to Registration Statement which was filed via EDGAR on July 24, 2012, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(58) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and Massachusetts Financial Services Company for the AST MFS Large-Cap Value Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 103
to Registration Statement which was filed via EDGAR on July 24, 2012, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(59) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and Western Asset Management Company for the AST Academic Strategies Asset Allocation Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment
No. 111 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on February 1, 2013, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(60) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and Western Asset Management Company Limited for the AST Academic Strategies Asset Allocation Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective
Amendment No. 111 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on February 1, 2013, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(61) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and ClearBridge Investments, LLC for the AST ClearBridge Dividend Growth Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 113 to
Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on February 6, 2013,and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(62) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and AQR Capital Management, LLC for the AST AQR Emerging Markets Equity Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 113 to
Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on February 6, 2013, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(63) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and Quantitative Management Associates LLC for the AST QMA Emerging Markets Equity Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No.
113 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on February 6, 2013, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(64) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and Prudential Investment Management, Inc. for the AST Long Duration Bond Portfolio (now known as AST Multi-Sector Fixed Income Portfolio). Filed
as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 113 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on February 6, 2013 and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(65) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P. for the AST Goldman Sachs Multi-Asset Portfolio (formerly known as the AST Horizon Moderate Asset
Allocation Portfolio). Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 116 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 18, 2013, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(66) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and Allianz Global Investors U.S. LLC for the AST RCM World Trends Portfolio (formerly known as the AST Moderate Asset Allocation Portfolio).
Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 116 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 18, 2013, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(67) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and each of Prudential Investment Management, Inc. and Quantitative Management Associates LLC for the Prudential Growth Allocation Portfolio
(formerly known as the AST First Trust Capital Appreciation Target Portfolio). Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 116 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 18, 2013,
and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(68) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and Franklin Advisers, Inc. for the AST Templeton Global Bond Portfolio (formerly known as the AST T. Rowe Price Global Bond Portfolio). Filed as
an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 116 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 18, 2013, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(69)(a) Form of subadvisory
Agreement among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and BlackRock Financial Management, Inc. for the AST BlackRock iShares ETF Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment
No. 116 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 18, 2013, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(69)(b) Form of contractual
Subadvisory Fee Waiver among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and BlackRock Financial Management, Inc. for the AST BlackRock iShares ETF Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to
Post-Effective Amendment No. 116 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 18, 2013, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(70) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and AQR Capital Management, LLC for the AST AQR Large-Cap Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 116 to Registration
Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 18, 2013, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(71) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and Quantitative Management Associates LLC for the AST QMA Large-Cap Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 116 to
Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 18, 2013, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(72) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and Quantitative Management Associates LLC for the AST Defensive Asset Allocation Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No.
116 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 18, 2013, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(73) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and Prudential Investment Management, Inc. for the AST T. Rowe Price Growth Opportunities Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to
Post-Effective Amendment No. 118 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on December 30, 2013, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(74) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and BlackRock Financial Management, Inc. for the AST BlackRock Multi-Asset Income Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment
No. 123 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2014, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(75) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and First Quadrant, L.P. for the AST FQ Absolute Return Currency Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 123 to
Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2014, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(76) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC, K2/D&S management Co., LLC, Templeton Global Advisers Limited and Franklin Advisers, Inc. for the AST Franklin Templeton K2 Global
Absolute Return Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 123 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2014, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(77) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P. for the AST Goldman Sachs Global Growth Allocation Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective
Amendment No. 123 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2014, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(78) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P. for the AST Goldman Sachs Strategic Income Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective
Amendment No. 123 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2014, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(79) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and Jennison Associates, LLC for the AST Jennison Global Infrastructure Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 123
to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2014, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(80) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services; Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and Legg Mason Global Asset Allocation; LLC, Batterymarch Financial Management, Inc.; Brandywine Global Investment Management, LLC;
ClearBridge Investments, LLC and Western Asset Management Company for the AST Legg Mason Diversified Growth Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 123 to Registration Statement, which Amendment
was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2014, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(81) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and Quantitative Management Associates, LLC for the AST Managed Equity Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 123 to
Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2014, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(82) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC and Quantitative Management Associates, LLC for the AST Managed Fixed-Income Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No.
123 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2014, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(83) Subadvisory Agreement
among Prudential Investments LLC, Quantitative Management Associates, LLC, Jennison Associates, LLC and Prudential Investment Management, Inc. for the AST Prudential Flexible Multi Strategy Portfolio. Filed as an
exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 123 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2014, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(84) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC, T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc., T. Rowe Price International Ltd, T. Rowe Price International Ltd. – Tokyo and T. Rowe Price Hong
Kong Limited for the AST T. Rowe Price Diversified Real Growth Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 123 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2014, and
is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(85) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC, Pyramis Global Advisors, LLC for the AST FI Pyramis Quantitative Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 123 to
Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2014, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(86) Subadvisory Agreement
among AST Investment Services, Incorporated, Prudential Investments LLC, Parametric Portfolio Associates LLC for the AST New Discovery Asset Allocation Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment
No. 123 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2014, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(87) Subadvisory Agreement
between AST Investment Services, Inc., Prudential Investments LLC and Lazard Asset Management LLC for AST International Value Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement on Form N-14,
which was filed via EDGAR on December 2, 2014, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(88) Subadvisory Agreement
between Prudential Investments LLC and Prudential Investment Management, Inc. for AST Bond Portfolio 2026. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 128 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed
via EDGAR on December 15, 2014, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(89) Subadvisory Agreement
between Prudential Investments LLC and Quantitative Management Associates, LLC for AST QMA International Core Equity Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 128 to Registration Statement, which
Amendment was filed via EDGAR on December 15, 2014, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(90) Subadvisory Agreement
between Prudential Investments, LLC, AST Investment Services, and Loomis, Sayles & Company, L.P. for the AST BlackRock/Loomis Sayles Bond Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 130 to
Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 15, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(91) Subadvisory Agreement
between Prudential Investments, LLC, AST Investment Services, and BlackRock Financial Management, Inc. for the AST BlackRock/Loomis Sayles Bond Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 130 to
Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 15, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(92) Subadvisory Agreement
between Prudential Investments, LLC, AST Investment Services, and BlackRock International Limited for the AST BlackRock/Loomis Sayles Bond Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 130 to
Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 15, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(93) Subadvisory Agreement
between Prudential Investments, LLC, AST Investment Services, and BlackRock (Singapore) Limited for the AST BlackRock/Loomis Sayles Bond Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 130 to
Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 15, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(94) Subadvisory Agreement
between Prudential Investments LLC, AST Investment Services, and BlackRock International Limited for the AST BlackRock Global Strategies Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 130 to
Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 15, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(95) Subadvisory Agreement
between Prudential Investments LLC, AST Investment Services, and Robeco Investment Management, Inc. (d/b/a Boston Partners) for the AST Boston Partners Large-Cap Value Portfolio (formerly the AST Jennison Large-Cap
Value Portfolio). Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 130 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 15, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(96) Subadvisory Agreement
between Prudential Investments LLC, AST Investment Services, and Longfellow Investment Management Co., LLC for the AST New Discovery Asset Allocation Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 130
to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 15, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(97) Subadvisory Agreement
between Prudential Investments LLC, AST Investment Services, and Vision Capital Management, Inc. for the AST New Discovery Asset Allocation Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 130 to
Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 15, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(98) Subadvisory Agreement
between Prudential Investments LLC, AST Investment Services, and RS Investment Management Co., LLC for the AST Small-Cap Growth Opportunities Portfolio (formerly the AST Federated Aggressive Growth Portfolio). Filed
as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 130 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 15, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(99) Subadvisory Agreement
between Prudential Investments LLC, AST Investment Services, and Wellington Management Company LLP for the AST Small-Cap Growth Opportunities Portfolio (formerly the AST Federated Aggressive Growth Portfolio). Filed
as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 130 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 15, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(100) Subadvisory Agreement
between Prudential Investments LLC and AllianceBernstein L.P. for the AST AB Global Bond Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via
EDGAR on July 7, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(101) Subadvisory Agreement
between Prudential Investments LLC and BlackRock Financial Management, Inc. for the AST BlackRock Low Duration Bond Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to Registration Statement, which
Amendment was filed via EDGAR on July 7, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(102) Subadvisory Agreement
between Prudential Investments LLC, and Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC for the AST Columbia Adaptive Risk Allocation Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to Registration
Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on July 7, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(103) Subadvisory Agreement
between Prudential Investments LLC and Dana Investment Advisors, Inc. for the AST Emerging Managers Diversified Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to Registration Statement, which
Amendment was filed via EDGAR on July 7, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(104) Subadvisory Agreement
between Prudential Investments LLC and Goldman Sachs Asset Management International for the AST Goldman Sachs Global Income Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to Registration Statement,
which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on July 7, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(105) Subadvisory Agreement
between Prudential Investments LLC and Ivy Investment Management Company for the AST Ivy Asset Strategy Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was
filed via EDGAR on July 7, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(106) Subadvisory Agreement
between Prudential Investments LLC and Longfellow Investment Management Co. LLC for the AST Emerging Managers Diversified Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to Registration Statement,
which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on July 7, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(107) Subadvisory Agreement
between Prudential Investments LLC and Morgan Stanley Investment Management, Inc. for the AST Morgan Stanley Multi-Asset Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to Registration Statement,
which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on July 7, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(108) Subadvisory Agreement
between Prudential Investments LLC and Neuberger Berman Management LLC for the AST Neuberger Berman Long/Short Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to Registration Statement, which
Amendment was filed via EDGAR on July 7, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(109) Subadvisory Agreement
between Prudential Investments LLC and Wellington Management Company LLP for the AST Wellington Management Global Bond Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to Registration Statement,
which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on July 7, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(110) Subadvisory Agreement
between Prudential Investments LLC and Wellington Management Company LLP for the AST Wellington Real Total Return Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to Registration Statement, which
Amendment was filed via EDGAR on July 7, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(d)(111) Sub-subadvisory Agreement
dated November 23, 2015 between Prudential Investment Management, Inc. and Pramerica Investment Management Limited for the AST Prudential Core Bond Portfolio, AST Prudential Growth Allocation Portfolio, AST Advanced
Strategies Portfolio, AST High Yield Portfolio and AST Prudential Flexible Multi-Strategy Portfolio.
Filed herewith.
(d)(112) Subadvisory Agreement
dated November 30, 2015 between Prudential Investments LLC and Prudential Investment Management, Inc. for the AST Bond Portfolio 2027.
Filed herewith.
(e)(1) Sales Agreement
between Registrant and American Skandia Life Assurance Corporation. Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 25 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on March 2,
1998, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(e)(2) Sales Agreement
between Registrant and Kemper Investors Life Insurance Company. Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 20 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on December 24,
1996, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(e)(3) Distribution Agreement for
the shares of each Portfolio of the Registrant, between Prudential Annuities Distributors, Inc. and the Registrant.
Filed herewith.
(f) None.
(g)(1) Custodian Agreement
dated July 1, 2005 between the Registrant and PFPC Trust Company. Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 58 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 28,
2006, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(g)(2)(a) Custody Agreement
between the Registrant and The Bank of New York dated November 7, 2002, as amended, incorporated by reference to Exhibit (g)(1) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 27 to the Registration Statement on
Form N-1A of Dryden Municipal Bond Fund filed via EDGAR on July 1, 2005 (File No. 33-10649).
(g)(2)(a)(1) Precious Metals
Supplement dated June 30, 2015 to the Custody Agreement between the Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was
filed via EDGAR on July 7, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(g)(2)(b) Amendment to the Custody
Agreement between the Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon.
Filed herewith.
(g)(3)(a) Accounting and Services
Agreement among the Registrant and BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc. for the various portfolios of the Registrant. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to Registration Statement, which
Amendment was filed via EDGAR on July 7, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(g)(3)(b) Addition of AST Bond
Portfolio 2027 to the Accounting Services Agreement among the Registrant and BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc.
Filed herewith.
(h)(1)(a) Amended and
Restated Transfer Agency and Service Agreement between the Registrant and Prudential Mutual Fund Services, Inc., dated May 29, 2007. Incorporated by reference to the Dryden Municipal Bond Fund Post-Effective
Amendment No. 29 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed via EDGAR on July 1, 2007 (File No. 33-10649).
(h)(1)(b) Amendment to the
Amended and Restated Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated May 29, 2007.
Filed herewith.
(h)(2) Service Agreement
between American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated and Kemper Investors Life Insurance Company. Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 21 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed
via EDGAR on February 28, 1997, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(h)(3)(a) Amended and
Restated Participation Agreement dated June 8, 2005 among American Skandia Life Assurance Corporation (now Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation), American Skandia Trust (now Advanced Series Trust),
American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now AST Investment Services, Incorporated), Prudential Investments LLC, American Skandia Marketing, Inc. (now Prudential Annuities Distributors, Inc.), and
Prudential Investment Management Services LLC. Filed as an Exhibit to the Registration Statement on Form N-14, which was filed via EDGAR on July 12, 2005, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(h)(3)(b) Amendment dated February
25, 2013 to the Amended and Restated Participation Agreement dated June 8, 2005 among Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation, Advanced Series Trust, AST Investment Services, Inc., Prudential Investments
LLC, Prudential Annuities Distributors, Inc. and Prudential Investment Management Services LLC. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 116 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on
April 18, 2013, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(h)(4)(a) Amended and
Restated Participation Agreement dated June 8, 2005 among Pruco Life Insurance Company of New Jersey, American Skandia Trust (now Advanced Series Trust), American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now
AST Investment Services, Incorporated)., Prudential Investments LLC, American Skandia Marketing, Inc. (now Prudential Annuities Distributors, Inc.), and Prudential Investment Management Services LLC. Filed as an
Exhibit to the Registration Statement on Form N-14, which was filed via EDGAR on July 12, 2005, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(h)(4)(b) Amendment dated February
25, 2013 to the Amended and Restated Participation Agreement dated June 8, 2005 among Pruco Life Insurance Company of New Jersey, Advanced Series Trust, AST Investment Services, Inc., Prudential Investments LLC,
Prudential Annuities Distributors, Inc., and Prudential Investment Management Services LLC. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 116 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on
April 18, 2013, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(h)(5)(a) Amended and
Restated Participation Agreement dated June 8, 2005 among Pruco Life Insurance Company, American Skandia Trust (now Advanced Series Trust), American Skandia Investment Services, Incorporated (now AST Investment
Services, Inc.), Prudential Investments LLC, American Skandia Marketing, Inc. (now Prudential Annuities Distributors, Inc.), and Prudential Investment Management Services LLC. Filed as an Exhibit to the
Registration Statement on Form N-14, which was filed via EDGAR on July 12, 2005, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(h)(5)(b) Amendment dated February
25, 2013 to the Amended and Restated Participation Agreement dated June 8, 2005 among Pruco Life Insurance Company, Advanced Series Trust, AST Investment Services, Inc., Prudential Investments LLC, Prudential
Annuities Distributors, Inc., and Prudential Investment Management Services LLC. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 116 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 18,
2013, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(h)(6) Participation
Agreement among Pramerica of Bermuda Insurance Company, American Skandia Trust (now Advanced Series Trust), American Skandia Investment Services, Inc. (now AST Investment Services, Inc.), Prudential Investments
LLC, American Skandia Marketing, Inc. (now Prudential Annuities Distributors, Inc.), and Prudential Investment Management Services LLC. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 74 to Registration
Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 23, 2009, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(h)(7) Participation Agreement
among Prudential Retirement Insurance & Annuity Company, Advanced Series Trust, Prudential Investments LLC and AST Investment Services, Inc. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 116 to Registration
Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 18, 2013, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(h)(8) Participation Agreement
among the Prudential Insurance Company of America, Advanced Series Trust, Prudential Investments LLC and AST Investment Services, Inc. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 116 to Registration Statement,
which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 18, 2013, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(i)(1) Opinion of Counsel for
the Registrant. Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 to the Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 29, 2005, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(i)(2) Consent of Counsel for the
Registrant. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 95 to the Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on March 23, 2012, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(i)(3) Consent of Counsel for the
Registrant. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 to the Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on July 25, 2012, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(i)(4) Consent of Counsel for the
Registrant. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 107 to Registration Statement, which was filed via EDGAR on November 13, 2012, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(i)(5) Consent of Counsel for the
Registrant. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 113 to Registration Statement, which was filed via EDGAR on February 6, 2013, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(i)(6) Consent of Counsel for the
Registrant. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 118 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on December 30, 2013, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(i)(7) Consent of Counsel for the
Registrant. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 123 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2014, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(i)(8) Consent of Counsel for the
Registrant. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 128 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on December 15, 2014, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(i)(9) Consent of Counsel for the
Registrant. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on July 7, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(i)(10) Consent of Counsel for the
Registrant.
Filed herewith.
(j) Consent of Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm. Not applicable.
(k) None.
(l) Certificate re: initial
$100,000 capital. Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 25 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on March 2, 1998, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(m)(1) Shareholder Services
and Distribution Plan.
Filed herewith.
(m)(2) Shareholder Services and
Distribution Fee (12b-1 Fee) contractual waiver for the following Portfolios of the Registrant: AST Bond Portfolio 2015, AST Bond Portfolio 2016, AST Bond Portfolio 2017, AST Bond Portfolio 2018, AST Bond Portfolio
2019, AST Bond Portfolio 2020, AST Bond Portfolio 2021, AST Bond Portfolio 2022, AST Bond Portfolio 2023, AST Bond Portfolio 2024, AST Bond Portfolio 2025, AST Bond Portfolio 2026, and AST Investment Grade Bond
Portfolio. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 134 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on June 25, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(m)(3) Shareholder Services and
Distribution Fee (12b-1 Fee) contractual waiver for the AST Bond Portfolio 2027.
Filed herewith.
(n) None.
(o) None.
(p)(1) Code of Ethics of the
Registrant dated April 15, 2014.
Filed herewith.
(p)(2) Code of Ethics and Personal
Securities Trading Policy of Prudential, including the Manager and Distributor, dated January 10, 2011, incorporated by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 21 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A of
Prudential Investment Portfolios 12, filed via EDGAR on June 1, 2011 (File No. 333-42705).
(p)(3) Code of Ethics of
Cohen & Steers Capital Management, Inc. Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 38 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on February 15, 2001, and is
incorporated herein by reference.
(p)(4) Code of Ethics of
Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P. Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 39 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 30, 2001, and is incorporated herein
by reference.
(p)(5) Code of Ethics of
Hotchkis and Wiley Capital Management LLC. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 49 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 30, 2004, and is incorporated herein
by reference.
(p)(6) Code of Ethics of J. P.
Morgan Investment Management, Inc. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 49 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 30, 2004, and is incorporated herein by
reference.
(p)(7) Code of Ethics of Lord,
Abbett & Co. Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 38 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on February 15, 2001, and is incorporated herein by
reference.
p)(8) Code of Ethics of
Massachusetts Financial Services Company. Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 38 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on February 15, 2001, and is incorporated
herein by reference.
(p)(9) Code of Ethics of Neuberger
Berman Management, Inc. Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 38 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on February 15, 2001, and is incorporated herein by
reference.
(p)(10) Code of Ethics of Pacific
Investment Management Company LLC. Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 39 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 30, 2001, and is incorporated herein by
reference.
(p)(11) Code of Ethics of T. Rowe
Price Associates, Inc. dated March 1, 2008. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 69 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 18, 2008, and is
incorporated herein by reference.
(p)(12) Code of Ethics of LSV
Asset Management. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on February 18, 2005, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(p)(13) Code of Ethics of Lee
Munder Investments, Ltd. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on February 18, 2005, and is incorporated herein by
reference.
(p)(14) Code of Ethics of Eagle
Asset Management. Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 to the Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 29, 2005, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(p)(15) Code of Ethics of William
Blair & Company, LLC. Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 to the Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 29, 2005, and is incorporated herein by
reference.
(p)(16) Code of Ethics of
ClearBridge Advisors, LLC. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit (p)(10) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 55 to the Registration Statement of The Prudential Series Fund on Form N-1A (File
No.2-80896) filed via EDGAR on April 27, 2007.
(p)(17) Code of Ethics of Western
Asset Management Company and Western Asset Management Company Limited. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 74 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 23, 2009,
and is incorporated herein by reference.
(p)(18) Code of Ethics of
Parametric Portfolio Associates LLC. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 69 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 18, 2008, and is incorporated herein by
reference.
(p)(19) Code of Ethics of
Prudential Investment Management, Inc. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 69 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 18, 2008, and is incorporated herein by
reference.
(p)(20) Code of Ethics of WEDGE
Capital Management LLP. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 74 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 23, 2009, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(p)(21) Code of Ethics of EARNEST
Partners LLC. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 69 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 18, 2008, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(p)(22) Code of Ethics of
AlphaSimplex Group, LLC. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 74 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 23, 2009, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(p)(23) Code of Ethics of First
Quadrant, L.P. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 74 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 23, 2009, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(p)(24) Code of Ethics of Pyramis
Global Advisors, LLC. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 130 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 15, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(p)(25) Code of Ethics of Brown
Advisory, LLC. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 99 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2012, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(p)(26) Code of Ethics of C.S.
McKee, LP. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 99 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2012, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(p)(27) Code of Ethics of Epoch
Investment Partners, Inc. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 99 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2012, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(p)(28) Code of Ethics of Security
Investors, LLC. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 99 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2012, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(p)(29) Code of Ethics of
Thompson, Siegel & Walmsley LLC. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 99 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2012, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(p)(30) Code of Ethics of Franklin
Advisers, Inc., Franklin Mutual Advisers, LLC, and Templeton Global Advisors Limited. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 99 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17,
2012, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(p)(31) Code of Ethics of Emerald
Advisers Inc. and Emerald Mutual Fund Advisers Trust. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 38 to the Registration Statement of The Target Portfolio Trust on Form N-1A (File No. 33-50476) filed via EDGAR
on February 23, 2012.
(p)(32) Code of Ethics of
Jefferies Group Inc. (now CoreCommodity Management, LLC). Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 99 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2012, and is incorporated
herein by reference.
(p)(33) Code of Ethics of AQR
Capital Management, LLC. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 113 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on February 6, 2013, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(p)(34) Code of Ethics of
Quantitative Management Associates LLC. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 113 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on February 6, 2013, and is incorporated herein by
reference.
(p)(35) Code of Ethics of
BlackRock, Inc. and its subsidiaries. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 130 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 15, 2015, and is incorporated herein by
reference.
(p)(36) Code of Ethics of
Brandywine Global Investment Management, LLC. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 123 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2014, and is incorporated herein by
reference.
(p)(37) Code of Ethics of Code of
Ethics of QS Legg Mason Global Asset Allocation, LLC. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 123 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2014, and is incorporated
herein by reference.
(p)(38) Code of Ethics of QS
Batterymarch Financial Management, Inc. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 123 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 17, 2014, and is incorporated herein by
reference.
(p)(39) Code of Ethics of Robeco
Investment Management, Inc. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 130 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 15, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(p)(40) Code of Ethics of
Longfellow Investment Management Co., LLC. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 130 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 15, 2015, and is incorporated herein by
reference.
(p)(41) Code of Ethics of
Wellington Management Company, LLP. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 130 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 15, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(p)(42) Code of Ethics of RS
Investment Management Co. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 130 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 15, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(p)(43) Code of Ethics of Lazard
Asset Management LLC. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 130 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 15, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(p)(44) Code of Ethics of Vision
Capital Management, Inc. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 130 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 15, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(p)(45) Code of Ethics of Loomis,
Sayles & Company, L.P. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 130 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on April 15, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(p)(46) Code of Ethics of
AllianceBernstein L.P. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on July 7, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(p)(47) Code of Ethics of Columbia
Management Investment Advisers, LLC. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on July 7, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(p)(48) Code of Ethics of Dana
Investment Advisors, Inc. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on July 7, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(p)(49) Code of Ethics of Ivy
Investment Management Company. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on July 7, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(p)(50) Code of Ethics of Morgan
Stanley Investment Management, Inc. Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to Registration Statement, which Amendment was filed via EDGAR on July 7, 2015, and is incorporated herein by reference.
(p)(51) Code of Ethics for Herndon
Capital Management.
Filed herewith.
(p)(52) Code of Ethics for Allianz
Global Investors U.S. Holdings and its subsidiaries dated April 1, 2013, amended March 31, 2015.
Filed herewith.
(p)(53) Code of Ethics for
Schroder Investment Management North America Limited dated October 1, 1995, amended May 2014.
Filed herewith.
(p)(54) Code of Ethics for
Schroder Investment Management North America Inc. dated June 12, 2014, revised May 20, 2015.
Filed herewith.
Item 29. Persons Controlled by or
under Common Control with the Registrant.
Registrant does not control any
person within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940. Registrant may be deemed to be under common control with its investment manager and its affiliates because a controlling interest in Registrant is held
of record by Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation. See Registrant’s Statement of Additional Information under “Management and Advisory Arrangements” and “Other Information.”
Item 30. Indemnification.
Section 5.2 of the
Registrant’s Second Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust provides as follows:
The Trust shall indemnify each of
its Trustees, Trustee Emeritus, officers, employees, and agents (including persons who serve at its request as directors, officers, employees, agents or trustees of another organization in which it has any interest as
a shareholder, creditor or otherwise) against all liabilities and expenses (including amounts paid in satisfaction of judgments, in compromise, as fines and penalties, and as counsel fees) reasonably incurred by him
in connection with the defense or disposition of any action, suit or other proceeding, whether civil or criminal, in which he may be involved or with which he may be threatened, while in office or thereafter, by
reason of his being or having been such a trustee, trustee emeritus, officer, employee or agent, except with respect to any matter as to which he shall have been adjudicated to be liable to the Trust or its
Shareholders by reason of having acted in bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard of his duties; provided, however, that as to
any matter disposed of by a compromise payment by
such person, pursuant to a consent decree or otherwise, no indemnification either for said payment or for any other expenses shall be provided unless approved as in the best interests of the Trust, after notice that
it involves such indemnification, by at least a majority of the disinterested Trustees acting on the matter (provided that a majority of the disinterested Trustees then in office act on the matter) upon a
determination, based upon a review of readily available facts, that (i) such person acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that his or her action was in the best interests of the Trust and (ii) is not
liable to the Trust or the Shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of duties; or the trust shall have received a written opinion from independent legal counsel
approved by the Trustees to the effect that (x) if the matter of good faith and reasonable belief as to the best interests of the Trust, had been adjudicated, it would have been adjudicated in favor of such
person, and (y) based upon a review of readily available facts such trustee, officer, employee or agent did not engage in willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard of duty. The rights accruing
to any Person under these provisions shall not exclude any other right to which he may be lawfully entitled; provided that no Person may satisfy any right of indemnity or reimbursement granted herein or in
Section 5.1 or to which he may be otherwise entitled except out of the property of the Trust, and no Shareholder shall be personally liable to any Person with respect to any claim for indemnity or reimbursement
or otherwise.
The Trustees may make advance
payments in connection with indemnification under this Section 5.2, provided that the indemnified person shall have given a written undertaking to reimburse the Trust in the event it is subsequently determined
that he is not entitled to such indemnification and, provided further, that the Trust shall have obtained protection, satisfactory in the sole judgment of the disinterested Trustees acting on the matter (provided that
a majority of the disinterested Trustees then in office act on the matter), against losses arising out of such advance payments or such Trustees, or independent legal counsel, in a written opinion, shall have
determined, based upon a review of readily available facts that there is reason to believe that such person will be found to be entitled to such indemnification.
With respect to liability of the
Investment Manager to Registrant or to shareholders of Registrant’s Portfolios under the Investment Management Agreements, reference is made to Section 13 or 14 of each Investment Management Agreement filed
herewith or incorporated by reference herein.
With respect to the
Sub-Advisors’ indemnification of the Investment Manager and its affiliated and controlling persons, and the Investment Manager’s indemnification of each Sub-advisor and its affiliated and controlling
persons, reference is made to Section 14 of each Sub-Advisory Agreement filed herewith or incorporated by reference herein. Insofar as indemnification for liability arising under the Securities Act of 1933
may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange
Commission (the “Commission”) such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities
(other than the payment by the Registrant or expenses incurred or paid by a trustee, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such
director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a
court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
Item 31. Business and other
Connections of the Investment Adviser.
AST Investment
Services, Incorporated (“ASTI”), One Corporate Drive, Shelton, Connecticut 06484, and Prudential Investments LLC (“PI”), 655 Broad Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, serve as the co-
investment managers to the Registrant. Information as to the business and other connections of the officers and directors of ASTI is included in ASTI’s Form ADV (File No. 801-40532), including the
amendments to such Form ADV filed with the Commission, and is incorporated herein by reference. Information as to the business and other connections of the officers and directors of PI is included in PI’s
Form ADV (File No. 801-3110), including the amendments to such Form ADV filed with the Commission, and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 32. Principal Underwriters.
(a) Prudential Annuities
Distributors, Inc. (PAD), One Corporate Drive, Shelton, Connecticut 06484 serves as the principal underwriter and distributor for shares of each Portfolio of Advanced Series Trust. PAD is a registered
broker-dealer and member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA). The shares of each Portfolio of Advanced Series Trust are currently offered only to insurance company separate accounts as an investment
option for variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts.
PAD also serves, along with
Prudential Investment Management Services LLC (PIMS) as the co-distributor for certain classes of shares of certain of the Prudential Investments retail mutual funds.
(b) The following table sets forth
certain information regarding the directors and officers of PAD.
Name and Principal Business Address
|
Positions and Offices with Underwriter
|
Timothy S. Cronin
One Corporate Drive
Shelton, Connecticut 06484-6208
|
Senior Vice President
|
Bruce Ferris
One Corporate Drive
Shelton, Connecticut 06484-6208
|
Executive Vice President & Director
|
Christopher J. Hagan
2101 Welsh Road
Dresher, Pennsylvania 19025-5000
|
Chief Operating Officer & Vice President
|
Yanela C. Frias
213 Washington Street
Newark, New Jersey 07102-2917
|
Senior Vice President & Director
|
Rodney R. Allain
One Corporate Drive
Shelton, Connecticut 06484-6208
|
Senior Vice President & Director
|
Dawn M. LeBlanc
One Corporate Drive
Shelton, Connecticut
|
Senior Vice President & Director
|
Patricia L. Kelley
One Corporate Drive
Shelton, Connecticut 06484-6208
|
Senior Vice President, Chief Compliance Officer & Director
|
Steven P. Marenakos
One Corporate Drive
Shelton, Connecticut 06484-6208
|
Senior Vice President & Director
|
Yvonne Rocco
751 Broad Street
Newark, New Jersey 07102-3714
|
Senior Vice President
|
Mark Livesay
One Corporate Drive
Shelton, Connecticut 06484-6208
|
Vice President & Chief Operating Officer
|
John D. Rosero
213 Washington Street
Newark, New Jersey 07102-2917
|
Vice President, Secretary & Chief Legal Officer
|
Elizabeth Marin
751 Broad Street
Newark, New Jersey 07102-2917
|
Treasurer
|
Steven Weinreb
3 Gateway Center
Newark, New Jersey 07102-4061
|
Chief Financial Officer & Controller
|
Andrew A. Morawiec
One Corporate Drive
Shelton, Connecticut 06484-6208
|
Vice President
|
Name and Principal Business Address
|
Positions and Offices with Underwriter
|
Michael B. McCauley
One Corporate Drive
Shelton, Connecticut 06484-6208
|
Vice President & Chief Compliance Officer
|
Robert R. Costello
2101 Welsh Road
Dresher, Pennsylvania 19025-5000
|
Vice President
|
William D. Wilcox
280 Trumbull Street
Hartford, Connecticut 06103-3509
|
Vice President
|
Richard W. Kinville
751 Broad Street
Newark, New Jersey 07102-2917
|
AML Officer
|
Item 33. Location of Accounts and
Records.
All accounts, books and other
documents required to be maintained by Section 31(a) of the 1940 Act and the Rules thereunder are maintained at the offices of The Bank of New York Mellon Corp. (BNY), One Wall Street, New York, New York
10286, Prudential Investment Management, Inc., 655 Broad Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, the Registrant, 655 Broad Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, and Prudential Mutual Fund Services LLC (PMFS), 655 Broad Street,
Newark, New Jersey 07102.
Documents required by
Rules 31a-1(b) (4), (5), (6), (7), (9), (10) and (11) and 31a-1 (d) and (f) will be kept at 655 Broad Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, and the remaining accounts, books and other
documents required by such other pertinent provisions of Section 31(a) and the Rules promulgated thereunder will be kept by BNY and PMFS.
Item 34. Management Services.
Other than as set forth under the
caption “How the Trust is Managed-Investment Managers” in the Prospectus and the caption “Management and Advisory Arrangements” in the SAI, constituting Parts A and B, respectively, of this
Post-Effective Amendment to the Registration Statement, Registrant is not a party to any management-related service contract.
Item 35. Undertakings.
Not applicable.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of
the Securities Act and the Investment Company Act, the Fund certifies that it meets all of the requirements for effectiveness of this Post-Effective Amendment to the Registration Statement under Rule 485(b) under
the Securities Act and has duly caused this Post-Effective Amendment to the Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, duly authorized, in the City of Newark, and State of New Jersey, on the
21st day of December, 2015.
ADVANCED SERIES
TRUST
Timothy
Cronin*
Timothy Cronin
President
Pursuant to the requirements of
the Securities Act of 1933, this Post-Effective Amendment to the Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the date indicated.
Signature
|
|
Title
|
|
Date
|
Timothy Cronin*
Timothy Cronin
|
|
President and Principal Executive Officer
|
|
|
Susan Davenport Austin*
Susan Davenport Austin
|
|
Trustee
|
|
|
Sherry S. Barrat*
Sherry S. Barrat
|
|
Trustee
|
|
|
Kay Ryan Booth*
Kay Ryan Booth
|
|
Trustee
|
|
|
Delayne Dedrick Gold*
Delayne Dedrick Gold
|
|
Trustee
|
|
|
Robert F. Gunia*
Robert F. Gunia
|
|
Trustee
|
|
|
W. Scott McDonald, Jr.*
W. Scott McDonald, Jr.
|
|
Trustee
|
|
|
Thomas T. Mooney *
Thomas T. Mooney
|
|
Trustee
|
|
|
Thomas M. O’Brien*
Thomas M. O’Brien
|
|
Trustee
|
|
|
Jessica Bibliowicz*
Jessica Bibliowicz
|
|
Trustee
|
|
|
M. Sadiq Peshimam*
M. Sadiq Peshimam
|
|
Treasurer, Principal Financial and Accounting Officer
|
|
|
*By: /s/ Kathleen DeNicholas
Kathleen DeNicholas
|
|
Attorney-in-Fact
|
|
December 21, 2015
|
POWER OF ATTORNEY
The undersigned Directors,
Trustees and Officers of the Advanced Series Trust, The Prudential Series Fund and Prudential’s Gibraltar Fund, Inc. (collectively, the “Funds”), hereby constitute, appoint and authorize each of,
Andrew French, Claudia DiGiacomo, Deborah A. Docs, Kathleen DeNicholas, Raymond A. O’Hara, Amanda Ryan, Jonathan D. Shain and Melissa Gonzalez, as true and lawful agents and attorneys-in-fact, to sign, execute
and deliver on his or her behalf in the appropriate capacities indicated, any Registration Statements of the Funds on the appropriate forms, any and all amendments thereto (including pre- and post-effective
amendments), and any and all supplements or other instruments in connection therewith, including Form N-PX, Forms 3, 4 and 5, as appropriate, to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, with the U.S. Securities and
Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and the securities regulators of appropriate states and territories, and generally to do all such things in his or her name and behalf in connection therewith as said
attorney-in-fact deems necessary or appropriate to comply with the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933, section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, all related
requirements of the SEC and all requirements of appropriate states and territories. The undersigned do hereby give to said agents and attorneys-in-fact full power and authority to act in these premises, including, but
not limited to, the power to appoint a substitute or substitutes to act hereunder with the same power and authority as said agents and attorneys-in-fact would have if personally acting. The undersigned do hereby
approve, ratify and confirm all that said agents and attorneys-in-fact, or any substitute or substitutes, may do by virtue hereof.
|
|
|
/s/ Susan Davenport Austin
Susan Davenport Austin
|
|
|
/s/ Sherry S. Barrat
Sherry S. Barrat
|
|
|
/s/ Jessica Bibliowicz
Jessica Bibliowicz
|
|
|
/s/ Kay Ryan Booth
Kay Ryan Booth
|
|
|
/s/ Timothy S. Cronin
Timothy S. Cronin
|
|
|
/s/ Delayne Dedrick Gold
Delayne Dedrick Gold
|
|
|
/s/ Robert F. Gunia
Robert F. Gunia
|
|
|
/s/ W. Scott McDonald, Jr.
W. Scott McDonald, Jr.
|
|
|
/s/ Thomas T. Mooney
Thomas T. Mooney
|
|
|
/s/ Thomas M. O’Brien
Thomas M. O’Brien
|
|
|
/s/ M. Sadiq Peshimam
M. Sadiq Peshimam
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dated: March 18, 2015
|
|
|
Advanced Series Trust
Exhibit Index
Item 28
Exhibit No.
|
|
Description
|
(d)(1)(f)
|
|
Contractual investment management fee waivers and/or contractual expense caps for selected AST portfolios.
|
(d)(2)(a)(1)
|
|
Amended Fee Schedule to Investment Management Agreement among the Registrant and Prudential Investments LLC adding AST Bond Portfolio 2027.
|
(d)(2)(c)
|
|
Contractual Investment management fee waiver and/or contractual expense cap for AST Bond Portfolio 2027.
|
(d)(28)(b)
|
|
Amendment to Subadvisory Agreement dated October 1, 2015 among AST Investment Services, Inc., Prudential Investments LLC and J.P. Morgan Investment Management,
Inc. for the AST J.P. Morgan Strategic Opportunities Portfolio.
|
(d)(111)
|
|
Sub-subadvisory Agreement dated November 23, 2015 between Prudential Investment Management, Inc. and Pramerica Investment Management Limited for the AST Prudential
Core Bond Portfolio, AST Prudential Growth Allocation Portfolio, AST Advanced Strategies Portfolio, AST High Yield Portfolio and AST Prudential Flexible Multi-Strategy Portfolio.
|
(d)(112)
|
|
Subadvisory Agreement dated November 30, 2015 between Prudential Investments LLC and Prudential Investment Management, Inc. for the AST Bond Portfolio 2027.
|
(e)(3)
|
|
Distribution Agreement for the shares of each Portfolio of the Registrant, between Prudential Annuities Distributors, Inc. and the Registrant.
|
(g)(2)(b)
|
|
Amendment to the Custody Agreement between the Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon.
|
(g)(3)(b)
|
|
Addition of AST Bond Portfolio 2027 to the Accounting Services Agreement among the Registrant and BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc.
|
(h)(1)(b)
|
|
Amendment to the Amended and Restated Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated May 29, 2007.
|
(i)(10)
|
|
Consent of Counsel for the Registrant.
|
(m)(1)
|
|
Shareholder Services and Distribution Plan.
|
(m)(3)
|
|
Shareholder Services and Distribution Fee (12b-1 Fee) contractual waiver for the AST Bond Portfolio 2027.
|
(p)(1)
|
|
Code of Ethics of the Registrant dated April 15, 2014.
|
(p)(51)
|
|
Code of Ethics for Herndon Capital Management.
|
(p)(52)
|
|
Code of Ethics for Allianz Global Investors U.S. Holdings and its subsidiaries dated April 1, 2013, amended March 31, 2015.
|
(p)(53)
|
|
Code of Ethics for Schroder Investment Management North America Limited dated October 1, 1995, amended May 2014.
|
(p)(54)
|
|
Code of Ethics for Schroder Investment Management North America Inc. dated June 12, 2014, revised May 20, 2015.
|
Prudential Investments LLC
655 Broad Street
Newark, New Jersey 07102
AST Investment Services, Inc.
One Corporate Drive
Shelton, Connecticut 06484
The Board of Trustees of Advanced Series Trust
655 Broad Street
Newark, New Jersey 07102
Re:
Contractual Fee Waivers
Effective as of the dates indicated below, Prudential Investments
LLC and AST Investment Services, Inc. (collectively, the "Manager") hereby agree to cap expenses / reimburse certain
expenses and/or waive a portion of their investment management fees as more particularly described and set forth for each Portfolio
listed on Exhibit A hereto.
Very truly yours,
Prudential Investments LLC
By:
/s/ Timothy S. Cronin
Name: Timothy S. Cronin
Title: Senior Vice President
AST Investment Services, Inc.
By:
/s/ Timothy S. Cronin
Name: Timothy S. Cronin
Title: President
Exhibit A
AST Goldman Sachs Mid-Cap Growth Portfolio
:
The Manager has contractually agreed to waive 0.10% of its investment management fees through June 30, 2017. In addition, the Manager
has contractually agreed to waive a portion of its investment management fees and/or reimburse certain expenses for the Portfolio
so that the Portfolio’s investment management fees plus other expenses (exclusive in all cases of taxes, interest, short
sale interest and dividend expenses, brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses, and extraordinary expenses) do not
exceed 0.98% of the Portfolio’s average daily net assets through October 31, 2016. These waivers may not be terminated without
the prior approval of the Trust’s Board of Trustees.
The contractual waiver of 0.10% noted above is inclusive of the prior contractual waiver of 0.053% that was set to expire on October
31, 2016.
AST Goldman Sachs Large-Cap Value Portfolio
:
The Manager has contractually agreed to waive 0.013% of its investment management fees through October 31, 2016. In addition, the
Manager has contractually agreed to waive a portion of its investment management fees and/or reimburse certain expenses for the
Portfolio so that the Portfolio’s investment management fees plus other expenses (exclusive in all cases of taxes, interest,
short sale interest and dividend expenses, brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses, and extraordinary expenses)
do not exceed 0.82% of the Portfolio’s average daily net assets through October 31, 2016. These waivers may not be terminated
prior to October 31, 2016 without the prior approval of the Trust’s Board of Trustees.
AST Lord Abbett Core Fixed Income Portfolio
:
The Manager has contractually agreed to waive 0.16% of its investment management fees through October 31, 2016. In addition, the
Manager has contractually agreed to waive a portion of its investment management fees, as follows: 0.10% on the first $500 million
of average daily net assets; 0.125% of the Portfolio’s average daily net assets between $500 million and $1 billion; and
0.15% of the Portfolio’s average daily net assets in excess of $1 billion through October 31, 2016. Additionally, the Manager
has contractually agreed to waive a portion of its investment management fees and/or reimburse certain expenses for the Portfolio
so that the Portfolio’s investment management fees plus other expenses (exclusive in all cases of taxes, interest, short
sale interest and dividend expenses, brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses, and extraordinary expenses) do not
exceed 0.59% of the Portfolio’s average daily net assets through October 31, 2016. These waivers may not be terminated prior
to October 31, 2016 without the prior approval of the Trust’s Board of Trustees.
AST T. Rowe Price Asset Allocation Portfolio
:
The Manager has contractually agreed to waive 0.022% of its investment management fees through October 31, 2016. In addition, the
Manager has contractually agreed to waive a portion of its investment management fees and/or reimburse certain expenses for the
Portfolio so that the Portfolio’s investment management fees plus other expenses (exclusive in all cases of taxes, interest,
short sale interest and dividend expenses, brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses, and extraordinary expenses)
do not exceed 0.87% of the Portfolio’s average daily net assets through October 31, 2016. These waivers may not be terminated
prior to October 31, 2016 without the prior approval of the Trust’s Board of Trustees.
Prudential Investments LLC
655 Broad Street
Newark, New Jersey 07102
AST Investment Services, Inc.
One Corporate Drive
Shelton, Connecticut 06484
The Board of Trustees of Advanced Series Trust
655 Broad Street
Newark, New Jersey 07102
Re:
Contractual Fee Waivers
Effective as of the dates indicated below, Prudential Investments
LLC and AST Investment Services, Inc. (collectively, the "Manager") hereby agree to cap expenses / reimburse certain
expenses and/or waive a portion of their investment management fees as more particularly described and set forth for each Portfolio
listed on Exhibit A hereto.
Very truly yours,
Prudential Investments LLC
By:
/s/ Timothy S. Cronin
Name: Timothy S. Cronin
Title: Senior Vice President
AST Investment Services, Inc.
By:
/s/ Timothy S. Cronin
Name: Timothy S. Cronin
Title: President
Exhibit A
AST J.P. Morgan Strategic Opportunities
Portfolio
: The Manager has contractually agreed to waive 0.011% of its investment management fee through June 30, 2017.
This waiver may not be terminated prior to June 30, 2017 without the prior approval of the Trust’s Board of Trustees.
ADVANCED
SERIES TRUST
Amended Schedule “A”
|
Portfolio
|
Contractual
Fee Rate
|
AST
AQR Emerging Markets Equity Portfolio
|
0.9325%
of average daily net assets to $300 million;
0.9225% on next $200 million of average daily net assets;
0.9125% on next $250 million of average daily net assets;
0.9025% on next $2.5 billion of average daily net assets;
0.8925% on next $2.75 billion of average daily net assets;
0.8625% on next $4 billion of average daily net assets;
0.8425% over $10 billion of average daily net assets
|
AST
Schroders Global Tactical Portfolio
|
0.7825%
of average daily net assets to $300 million;
0.7725% on next $200 million of average daily net assets;
0.7625% on next $250 million of average daily net assets;
0.7525% on next $2.5 billion of average daily net assets;
0.7425% on next $2.75 billion of average daily net assets;
0.7125% on next $4 billion of average daily net assets;
0.6925% over $10 billion of average daily net assets
|
AST
Prudential Flexible Multi-Strategy Portfolio
|
0.9825%
of average daily net assets to $300 million;
0.9725% on next $200 million of average daily net assets;
0.9625% on next $250 million of average daily net assets;
0.9525% on next $2.5 billion of average daily net assets;
0.9425% on next $2.75 billion of average daily net assets;
0.9125% on next $4 billion of average daily net assets;
0.8925% over $10 billion of average daily net assets
|
AST
Goldman Sachs Global Growth Allocation Portfolio
|
0.7825%
of average daily net assets to $300 million;
0.7725% on next $200 million of average daily net assets;
0.7625% on next $250 million of average daily net assets;
0.7525% on next $2.5 billion of average daily net assets;
0.7425% on next $2.75 billion of average daily net assets;
0.7125% on next $4 billion of average daily net assets;
0.6925% over $10 billion of average daily net assets
|
AST
Goldman Sachs Strategic Income Portfolio
|
0.7125%
of average daily net assets to $300 million;
0.7025% on next $200 million of average daily net assets;
0.6925% on next $250 million of average daily net assets;
0.6825% on next $2.5 billion of average daily net assets;
0.6725% on next $2.7 billion of average daily net assets;
0.6425% on next $4.0 billion of average daily net assets;
0.6225% over $10 billion of average daily net assets
|
AST
Legg Mason Diversified Growth Portfolio
|
0.7325%
of average daily net assets to $300 million;
0.7225% on next $200 million of average daily net assets;
0.7125% on next $250 million of average daily net assets;
0.7025% on next $2.5 billion of average daily net assets;
0.6925% on next $2.75 billion of average daily net assets;
0.6625% on next $4 billion of average daily net assets;
0.6425% over $10 billion of average daily net assets
|
AST
T. Rowe Price Diversified Real Growth Portfolio
|
0.7325%
of average daily net assets to $300 million;
0.7225% on next $200 million of average daily net assets;
0.7125% on next $250 million of average daily net assets;
0.7025% on next $2.5 billion of average daily net assets;
0.6925% on next $2.75 billion of average daily net assets;
0.6625% on next $4 billion of average daily net assets;
0.6425% over $10 billion of average daily net assets
|
AST
FQ Absolute Return Currency Portfolio
|
0.8325%
of average daily net assets to $300 million;
0.8225% on next $200 million of average daily net assets;
0.8125% on next $250 million of average daily net assets;
0.8025% on next $2.5 billion of average daily net assets;
0.7925% on next $2.75 billion of average daily net assets;
0.7625% on next $4 billion of average daily net assets;
0.7425% over $10 billion of average daily net assets
|
AST
Franklin Templeton K2 Global Absolute Return Portfolio
|
0.7825%
of average daily net assets to $300 million;
0.7725% on next $200 million of average daily net assets;
0.7625% on next $250 million of average daily net assets;
0.7525% on next $2.5 billion of average daily net assets;
0.7425% on next $2.75 billion of average daily net assets;
0.7125% on next $4 billion of average daily net assets;
0.6925% over $10 billion of average daily net assets
|
AST
BlackRock Multi-Asset Income Portfolio
|
0.7825%
of average daily net assets to $300 million;
0.7725% on next $200 million of average daily net assets;
0.7625% on next $250 million of average daily net assets;
0.7525% on next $2.5 billion of average daily net assets;
0.7425% on next $2.75 billion of average daily net assets;
0.7125% on next $4 billion of average daily net assets;
0.6925% over $10 billion of average daily net assets
|
AST
Bond Portfolio 2026*
|
0.4925%
of average daily net assets to $500 million;
0.4725% on next $4.5 billion of average daily net assets;
0.4625% on next $5 billion of average daily net assets;
0.4525% over $10 billion of average daily net assets
|
AST
Bond Portfolio 2027*
|
0.4925%
of average daily net assets to $500 million;
0.4725% on next $4.5 billion of average daily net assets;
0.4625% on next $5 billion of average daily net assets;
0.4525% over $10 billion of average daily net assets
|
AST
QMA International Core Equity Portfolio
|
0.7325%
of average daily net assets to $300 million;
0.7225% on next $200 million of average daily net assets;
0.7125% on next $250 million of average daily net assets;
0.7025% on next $2.5 billion of average daily net assets;
0.6925% on next $2.75 billion of average daily net assets;
0.6625% on next $4 billion of average daily net assets;
0.6425% over $10 billion of average daily net assets
|
AST
AB Global Bond Portfolio
|
0.64%
of average daily net assets to $300 million;
0.63% on next $200 million of average daily net assets;
0.62% on next $250 million of average daily net assets;
0.61% on next $2.5 billion of average daily net assets;
0.60% on next $2.75 billion of average daily net assets;
0.57% on next $4 billion of average daily net assets;
0.55% over $10 billion of average daily net assets
|
AST
Columbia Adaptive Risk Allocation Portfolio
|
0.94%
of average daily net assets to $300 million;
0.93% on next $200 million of average daily net assets;
0.92% on next $250 million of average daily net assets;
0.91% on next $2.5 billion of average daily net assets;
0.90% on next $2.75 billion of average daily net assets;
0.87% on next $4 billion of average daily net assets;
0.85% over $10 billion of average daily net assets
|
AST
Emerging Managers Diversified Portfolio
|
0.74%
of average daily net assets to $300 million;
0.73% on next $200 million of average daily net assets;
0.72% on next $250 million of average daily net assets;
0.71% on next $2.5 billion of average daily net assets;
0.70% on next $2.75 billion of average daily net assets;
0.67% on next $4 billion of average daily net assets;
0.65% over $10 billion of average daily net assets
|
AST
Goldman Sachs Global Income Portfolio
|
0.64%
of average daily net assets to $300 million;
0.63% on next $200 million of average daily net assets;
0.62% on next $250 million of average daily net assets;
0.61% on next $2.5 billion of average daily net assets;
0.60% on next $2.75 billion of average daily net assets;
0.57% on next $4 billion of average daily net assets;
0.55% over $10 billion of average daily net assets
|
AST
Ivy Asset Strategy Portfolio
|
0.89%
of average daily net assets to $300 million;
0.88% on next $200 million of average daily net assets;
0.87% on next $250 million of average daily net assets;
0.86% on next $2.5 billion of average daily net assets;
0.85% on next $2.75 billion of average daily net assets;
0.82% on next $4 billion of average daily net assets;
0.80% over $10 billion of average daily net assets
|
AST
Managed Alternatives Portfolio
|
0.15%
of average daily net assets
|
AST
Morgan Stanley Multi-Asset Portfolio
|
1.04%
of average daily net assets to $300 million;
1.03% on next $200 million of average daily net assets;
1.02% on next $250 million of average daily net assets;
1.01% on next $2.5 billion of average daily net assets;
1.00% on next $2.75 billion of average daily net assets;
0.97% on next $4 billion of average daily net assets;
0.95% over $10 billion of average daily net assets
|
AST
Neuberger Berman Long/Short Portfolio
|
1.04%
of average daily net assets to $300 million;
1.03% on next $200 million of average daily net assets;
1.02% on next $250 million of average daily net assets;
1.01% on next $2.5 billion of average daily net assets;
1.00% on next $2.75 billion of average daily net assets;
0.97% on next $4 billion of average daily net assets;
0.95% over $10 billion of average daily net assets
|
AST
Wellington Management Global Bond Portfolio
|
0.64%
of average daily net assets to $300 million;
0.63% on next $200 million of average daily net assets;
0.62% on next $250 million of average daily net assets;
0.61% on next $2.5 billion of average daily net assets;
0.60% on next $2.75 billion of average daily net assets;
0.57% on next $4 billion of average daily net assets;
0.55% over $10 billion of average daily net assets
|
AST
Wellington Management Real Total Return Portfolio
|
1.04%
of average daily net assets to $300 million;
1.03% on next $200 million of average daily net assets;
1.02% on next $250 million of average daily net assets;
1.01% on next $2.5 billion of average daily net assets;
1.00% on next $2.75 billion of average daily net assets;
0.97% on next $4 billion of average daily net assets;
0.95% over $10 billion of average daily net assets
|
*The assets for each of the AST
Bond Portfolio 2026 and AST Bond Portfolio 2027 will be aggregated with each of the AST Bond Portfolio 2016, AST Bond Portfolio
2017, AST Bond Portfolio 2018, AST Bond Portfolio 2019, AST Bond Portfolio 2020, AST Bond Portfolio 2021, AST Bond Portfolio 2022,
AST Bond Portfolio 2023, AST Bond Portfolio 2024, AST Bond Portfolio 2025 and AST Investment Grade Bond Portfolio for purposes
of determining the fee rate applicable to each Portfolio.
Fee Schedule revised and restated
as of April 15, 2014, as further revised as of December 1, 2014, July 13, 2015 and December 21, 2015.
Prudential Investments LLC
655 Broad Street
Newark, New Jersey 07102
The Board of Trustees of Advanced Series Trust
655 Broad Street
Newark, New Jersey 07102
Re:
Contractual Fee Waiver
Effective as of the dates indicated below, Prudential Investments
(the "Manager”) hereby agree to cap expenses / reimburse certain expenses and/or waive a portion of their investment
management fees as more particularly described and set forth for the Portfolio listed on Exhibit A hereto.
Very truly yours,
Prudential Investments LLC
By:
/s/ Timothy S. Cronin
Name: Timothy S. Cronin
Title: Senior Vice President
Exhibit A
AST Bond Portfolio 2027:
The Manager has contractually
agreed to waive a portion of its investment management fees and/or reimburse certain expenses for the Portfolio's investment management
fees plus other expenses (exclusive in all cases of taxes, interest, brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses, and
extraordinary expenses) do not exceed 0.93% of the Portfolio's average daily net assets through June 30, 2017. This waiver may
not be terminated prior to June 30, 2017 without the prior approval of the Trust’s Board of Trustees.
Amendment
to Subadvisory Agreement
Advanced Series Trust
AST J.P. Morgan Strategic Opportunities Portfolio
AST Investment Services, Inc. and Prudential
Investments LLC and J.P. Morgan Investment Management Inc. (“Subadviser”) hereby agree to amend the subadvisory agreement
(including any amendments) listed below (the “Agreement”) by amending existing Schedule A to such Agreement, which
addresses the level of subadvisory fees under such Agreement. Existing Schedule A is hereby replaced in its entirety with the attached
Amended Schedule A, effective as of October 1, 2015.
The Agreement affected by this Amendment consists
of the following:
-
Subadvisory Agreement, dated as of February 11, 2010 and as amended and supplemented
to date, by and among AST Investment Services, Inc. (formerly American Skandia Investment Services, Inc.), Prudential Investments
LLC, and Subadviser, pursuant to which Subadviser has been retained to provide investment advisory services to the
AST J.P.
Morgan Strategic Opportunities Portfolio of Advanced Series Trust
.
AST Investment Services, Inc. and Prudential
Investments LLC and Subadviser further agree that Amended Schedule A supersedes any other fee arrangements, written or oral, that
may be applicable to the Agreements listed above. This Amendment may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be deemed
an original, but all of which shall constitute one and the same instrument.
IN WITNESS HEREOF
, AST Investment Services,
Inc., Prudential Investments LLC, and J.P. Morgan Investment Management Inc. have duly executed this Amendment as of the date and
year first written above.
AST
INVESTMENT Services, Inc.
By:
/s/ Bradley Tobin
Name:
Bradley Tobin
Title:
VP, ASTIS
PRUDENTIAL
INVESTMENTS LLC
By:
/s/ Bradley Tobin
Name:
Bradley Tobin
Title:
VP, PI
J.P. MORGAN INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT INC.
By:
/s/ Scott Moritz
Name:
Scott
Moritz
Title:
Vice President
Effective Date: October 1, 2015
REVISED SCHEDULE A
Advanced Series Trust
AST J.P. Morgan Strategic Opportunities Portfolio
As compensation for services provided
by J.P. Morgan Investment Management Inc. (the Subadviser), Prudential Investments LLC and AST Investment Services, Inc. will pay
the Subadviser an advisory fee on the Portfolio’s net assets that is equal, on an annualized basis, to the following:
Portfolio Name
AST J.P. Morgan Strategic Opportunities Portfolio
|
Advisory Fee
0.40% of average daily net assets to $3,000 million;
0.35% of average daily net assets on next $3,000 million; and
0.30% of average daily net assets over $6,000 million
|
Effective Date: October 1, 2015
SUB-SUBADVISORY AGREEMENT
Agreement made as of this 23 day of November, 2015 between Prudential
Investment Management, Inc. (PIM or the Subadviser), a New Jersey corporation, and Pramerica Investment Management Limited (PIML),
a U.K. limited company.
WHEREAS, Prudential Investments LLC (PI), a New York limited
liability company, and AST Investment Services, Inc. (AST), a Maryland corporation (together with PI, the Manager) have entered
into a Management Agreement (the Management Agreement) dated May 1, 2008, with Advanced Series Trust, a Massachusetts business
trust (the Fund) and a diversified, open-end management investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940
as amended (the 1940 Act); and
WHEREAS, the Manager, acting pursuant to the Management Agreement,
has entered into Subadvisory Agreements with the Subadviser, under which the Subadviser provides investment advisory services to
the Fund and one or more of its series and manages such portion of the Fund and one or more of its series as the Manager from time
to time directs; and
WHEREAS, the Subadviser desires to delegate to PIML certain
investment advisory services for the Fund and one or more of its series as specified in Schedule A hereto (individually and collectively,
with the Fund, referred to herein as the Fund) as the Subadviser shall direct from time to time, and PIML is willing to render
such investment advisory services; and
NOW, THEREFORE, the Parties agree as follows:
1. (a) Subject to the supervision of the Subadviser, PIML shall
manage such portion of the Fund’s portfolio as delegated to PIML by the Subadviser, including the purchase, retention and
disposition thereof, in accordance with the Fund’s investment objectives, policies and restrictions as stated in its then
current prospectus and statement of additional information (such Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information as currently
in effect and as amended or supplemented from time to time, being herein called the Prospectus), and subject to the following understandings:
(i) PIML shall provide supervision of such portion of the
Fund's investments as PIM shall direct, and shall determine from time to time what investments and securities will be purchased,
retained, sold or loaned by the Fund, and what portion of the assets will be invested or held uninvested as cash.
(ii) In the performance of its duties and obligations under
this Agreement, PIML shall act in conformity with the copies of the Agreement and Articles of Incorporation of the Fund, as amended,
the By-laws of the Fund, the Prospectus of the Fund, and the Fund’s valuation procedures and any other procedures adopted
by the Board applicable to the Fund (and any amendments thereto) as provided to PIML by PIM (the Fund Documents) and with the instructions
and directions of the Manager, PIM and of the Board of Directors of the Fund, co-operate with the Manager's and PIM’s (or
their designees') personnel responsible for monitoring the Fund’s compliance and will conform to, and comply with, the requirements
of the 1940 Act, the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and all other applicable federal and state laws and regulations.
In connection therewith, PIML shall, among other things, prepare and file such reports as are, or may in the future be, required
by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the Commission). PIM shall provide PIML timely with copies of any updated Fund Documents
received from the Manager.
(iii) PIML shall determine the securities, futures contracts
and other investments to be purchased or sold by such portion of the Fund's portfolio, as applicable, and may place orders with
or through such persons, brokers, dealers or futures commission merchants (including but not limited to any broker, dealer or futures
commission merchants affiliated with the Manager, PIM or PIML) to carry out the policy with respect to brokerage as set forth in
the Fund's Prospectus or as the Board of Directors may direct in writing from time to time. In providing the Fund with investment
supervision, it is recognized that PIML will give primary consideration to securing the most favorable price and efficient execution.
Within the framework of this policy, PIML may consider the financial responsibility, research and investment information and other
services provided by brokers, dealers or futures commission merchants who may effect or be a party to any such transaction or other
transactions to which PIML’s other clients may be a party. The Manager, PIM and PIML shall each have discretion to effect
investment transactions for the Fund through broker-dealers (including, to the extent legally permissible, broker-dealers affiliated
with the Manager, PIM, or PIML) qualified to obtain best execution of such transactions who provide brokerage and/or research services,
as such services are defined in Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the 1934 Act), and to cause
the Fund to pay any such broker-dealers an amount of commission for effecting a portfolio transaction in excess of the amount of
commission another broker-dealer would have charged for effecting that transaction, if the brokerage or research services provided
by such broker-dealer, viewed in light of either that particular investment transaction or the overall responsibilities of the
Manager, PIM or PIML with respect to the Fund and other accounts as to which they or it may exercise investment discretion (as
such term is defined in Section 3(a)(35) of the 1934 Act), are reasonable in relation to the amount of
commission. Pursuant to the rules promulgated under Section
326 of the USA Patriot Act, broker-dealers are required to obtain, verify and record information that identifies each person who
opens an account with them. In accordance therewith, broker-dealers whom the Subadviser selects to execute transactions in the
Fund’s account may seek identifying information about the Fund.
On occasions when PIML deems the purchase or sale of a security,
futures contract or other investment to be in the best interest of the Fund as well as other clients of PIML, PIML, to the extent
permitted by applicable laws and regulations, may, but shall be under no obligation to, aggregate the securities or futures contracts
to be sold or purchased. In such event, allocation of the securities or futures contracts so purchased or sold, as well as the
expenses incurred in the transaction, will be made by PIML in the manner PIML considers to be the most equitable and consistent
with its fiduciary obligations to the Fund and to such other clients.
(iv) PIML shall maintain all books and records with respect
to the Fund’s portfolio transactions effected by it as required by subparagraphs (b)(5), (6), (7), (9), (10) and (11)
and paragraph (f) of Rule 31a-1 under the 1940 Act, and shall render to the Board of Directors such periodic and special
reports as the Directors may reasonably request. PIML shall make reasonably available its employees and officers for consultation
with any of the Directors or officers or employees of the Fund with respect to any matter discussed herein, including, without
limitation, the valuation of the Fund’s securities.
(v) PIML or an affiliate shall provide the Fund's custodian
(the Custodian) on each business day with information relating to all transactions concerning the portion of the Fund’s assets
it manages, and shall provide the Manager with such information upon request of the Manager.
(vi) The investment management services provided by PIML
hereunder are not to be deemed exclusive, and PIML shall be free to render similar services to others. Conversely, PIML understands
and agrees that if the Manager manages the Fund in a “manager-of-managers” style, the Manager will, among other things,
(i) continually evaluate the performance of PIM, including PIML, through quantitative and qualitative analysis and consultations
with PIM, (ii) periodically make recommendations to the Fund’s Board as to whether the contract with one or more subadvisers
should be renewed, modified, or terminated, and (iii) periodically report to the Fund’s Board regarding the results
of its evaluation and monitoring functions. PIML recognizes that its services may be terminated or modified pursuant to this process.
This Agreement will automatically terminate upon the termination of the Management Agreement or the Subadvisory Agreement.
(vii) PIML acknowledges that the Manager and the Fund intend
to rely on Rule 17a-10, Rule 10f-3, Rule 12d3-1 and Rule 17e-1 under the 1940 Act, and PIML hereby agrees that it shall not
consult with any other subadviser to the Fund other than PIM with respect to transactions in securities for the Fund’s portfolio
or any other transactions of Fund assets.
(b) PIML shall authorize and permit any of its directors,
officers and employees who may be elected as Directors or officers of the Fund to serve in the capacities in which they are elected.
Services to be furnished by PIML under this Agreement may be furnished through the medium of any of such directors, officers or
employees.
(c) PIML shall keep the Fund’s books and records
required to be maintained by PIML pursuant to paragraph 1(a) hereof and shall timely furnish to the Manager all information relating
to the PIML’s services hereunder needed by the Manager to keep the other books and records of the Fund required by Rule 31a-1
under the 1940 Act or any successor regulation. PIML agrees that all records which it maintains for the Fund are the property of
the Fund, and PIML will surrender promptly to the Fund any of such records upon the Fund’s request, provided, however, that
PIML may retain a copy of such records. PIML further agrees to preserve for the periods prescribed by Rule 31a-2 of the Commission
under the 1940 Act or any successor regulation any such records as are required to be maintained by it pursuant to paragraph 1(a)
hereof.
(d) In connection with its duties under this Agreement,
PIML agrees to maintain adequate compliance procedures to ensure its compliance with the 1940 Act, the Investment Advisers Act
of 1940, as amended, and other applicable state and federal regulations.
(e) PIML shall maintain a written code of ethics (the Code of
Ethics) that it reasonably believes complies with the requirements of Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act and Rule 204A-1 under the Advisers
Act, a copy of which shall be provided to the Manager and the Fund, and shall institute procedures reasonably necessary to prevent
any Access Person (as defined in Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act and Rule 204A-1 under the Advisers Act) from violating its Code
of Ethics. PIML shall follow such Code of Ethics in performing its services under this Agreement. Further, PIML represents that
it maintains adequate compliance procedures to ensure its compliance with the 1940 Act, the Advisers Act, and other applicable
federal and state laws and regulations. In particular, PIML represents that it has policies and procedures regarding the detection
and prevention of the misuse of material, nonpublic information by PIML and its employees as required by the Insider Trading and
Securities Fraud Enforcement Act of 1988, a copy of which it shall provide to the Manager and the Fund upon reasonable request.
PIML shall assure that its employees comply in all material respects with the provisions of Section 16 of the 1934 Act, and to
cooperate reasonably with the Manager for purposes of filing any required reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the
Commission) or such other regulator having appropriate jurisdiction.
(f) PIML shall furnish to the Manager copies of all records
prepared in connection with (i) the performance of this Agreement and (ii) the maintenance of compliance procedures pursuant
to paragraph 1(d) hereof as the Manager may reasonably request.
(g) PIML shall be responsible for the voting of all shareholder
proxies with respect to the investments and securities held in the Fund’s portfolio, subject to such reasonable reporting
and other requirements as shall be established by the Manager.
(h) PIML acknowledges that it is responsible for evaluating
whether market quotations are readily available for the Fund’s portfolio securities, evaluating whether those market quotations
are reliable for purposes of valuing the Fund’s portfolio securities, evaluating whether those market quotations are reliable
for determining the Fund’s net asset value per share and promptly notifying the Manager upon the occurrence of any significant
event with respect to any of the Fund’s portfolio securities in accordance with the requirements of the 1940 Act and any
related written guidance from the Commission and the Commission staff. Upon reasonable request from the Manager, PIML (through
a qualified person) will assist the valuation committee of the Fund or the Manager in valuing securities of the Fund as may be
required from time to time, including making available information of which PIML has knowledge related to the securities being
valued.
(i) PIML shall provide the Manager with any information reasonably
requested regarding its management of the Fund’s portfolio required for any shareholder report, amended registration statement,
or prospectus supplement to be filed by the Fund with the Commission. PIML shall provide the Manager with any reasonable certification,
documentation or other information reasonably requested or required by the Manager for purposes of the certifications of shareholder
reports by the Fund’s principal financial officer and principal executive officer pursuant to the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002
or other law or regulation. PIML shall promptly inform the Fund and the Manager if PIML becomes aware of any information in the
Prospectus thatis (or will become) materially inaccurate or incomplete.
(j) PIML shall comply with the Fund Documents provided to PIML
by PIM, the Manager or the Fund. PIML shall notify the Manager as soon as reasonably practicable upon detection of any material
breach of such Fund Documents.
(k) PIML shall keep the Fund, the Manager and PIM informed of
developments relating to its duties as investment subadviser of which PIML has, or should have, knowledge that would materially
affect the Fund. In this regard, PIML shall provide the Trust, the Manager, and their respective officers with such periodic reports
concerning the obligations PIML has assumed under this Agreement as the Fund and the Manager may from time to time reasonably request.
Additionally, prior to each Board meeting, PIML shall provide the Manager and the Board with reports regarding PIML’s management
of the Fund’s portfolio during the most recently completed quarter, in such form as may be mutually agreed upon by PIML,
PIM and the Manager. PIML shall certify quarterly to the Fund and the Manager that it and its “Advisory Persons” (as
defined in Rule 17j-under the 1940 Act) have complied materially with the requirements of Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act during
the previous quarter or, if not, explain what PIML has done to seek to ensure such compliance in the future. Annually, PIML shall
furnish a written report, which complies with the requirements of Rule 17j-1 and Rule 38a-1 under the 1940 Act, concerning PIML’s
Code of Ethics and compliance program, respectively, to the Fund and the Manager. Upon written request of the Fund or the Manager
with respect to material violations of the Code of Ethics directly affecting the Fund, PIML shall permit representatives of the
Fund or the Manager to examine reports (or summaries of the reports) required to be made by Rule 17j-1(d)(1) relating to enforcement
of the Code of Ethics.
2. The Manager shall continue to have responsibility for all
services to be provided to the Fund pursuant to the Management Agreement and, as more particularly discussed above, shall oversee
and review the Subadviser’s performance of its duties under this Agreement. The Manager shall provide (or cause the Custodian
to provide) timely information to PIML regarding such matters as the composition of assets in the portion of the Fund managed by
PIML, cash requirements and cash available for investment in such portion of the Fund, and all other information as may be reasonably
necessary for PIML to perform its duties hereunder (including any excerpts of minutes of meetings of the Board of Directors of
the Fund that affect the duties of PIML).
3. For the services provided and the expenses assumed by PIML
pursuant to this Agreement, PIM shall pay PIML as full compensation therefor, a fee, if any, equal to the percentage of the Fund’s
average daily net assets of the portion of the Fund managed by the Subadviser as agreed upon by PIM and PIML from time to time.
Liability for payment of compensation by PIM to PIML under this Agreement is contingent upon PIM’s receipt of payment from
the Manager for investment management services described under the Subadvisory Agreement.
4. PIML shall not be liable for any error of judgment or for
any loss suffered by the Fund, PIM or the Manager in connection with the matters to which this Agreement relates, except a loss
resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on PIML’s part in the performance of its duties or from
its reckless disregard of its obligations and duties under this Agreement, provided, however, that nothing in this Agreement shall
be deemed to waive any rights the Manager, PIM or the Fund may have against PIML under federal or state securities laws. PIM shall
indemnify PIML, its affiliated persons, its officers, directors and employees, for any liability and expenses, including attorneys’
fees, which may be sustained as a result of PIM’s willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, reckless disregard of
its duties hereunder or violation of applicable law, including, without limitation, the 1940 Act and federal and state securities
laws. PIML shall indemnify PIM, the Manager, their affiliated persons, their officers, directors and employees, for any
liability and expenses, including attorneys’ fees, which
may be sustained as a result of the Subadviser’s willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard
of its duties hereunder or violation of applicable law, including, without limitation, the 1940 Act and federal and state securities
laws.
5. This Agreement shall continue in effect for a period of more
than two years from the date hereof only so long as such continuance is specifically approved at least annually in conformity with
the requirements of the 1940 Act; provided, however, that this Agreement may be terminated by the Fund at any time, without the
payment of any penalty, by the Board or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act)
of the Fund, or by the Manager or PIM or PIML at any time, without the payment of any penalty, on not more than 60 days’
nor less than 30 days’ written notice to the other party. This Agreement shall terminate automatically in the event of its
assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act) or upon the termination of the Management Agreement. PIML agrees that it will promptly
notify the Fund, PIM and the Manager of the occurrence of any event that would result in the assignment (as defined in the 1940
Act) of this Agreement, including, but not limited to, a change of control (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Subadviser.
Any notice or other communication required to be given pursuant
to this Agreement shall be deemed duly given if delivered or mailed by registered mail, postage prepaid, (1) PIM, at 655 Broad
Street, Newark, NJ 07102, Attention: Chief Legal Officer; and (2) PIML, Grand Buildings, 1-3 Strand, Trafalgar Square, London WC2N
5HR, United Kingdom, Attention: Chief Legal Officer.
6. Nothing in this Agreement shall limit or restrict the right
of any of PIML’s directors, officers or employees who may also be a Director, officer or employee of the Fund to engage in
any other business or to devote his or her time and attention in part to the management or other aspects of any business, whether
of a similar or a dissimilar nature, nor limit or restrict the Subadviser’s right to engage in any other business or to render
services of any kind to any other corporation, firm, individual or association.
7. During the term of this Agreement, PIM agrees to furnish
PIML at its principal office all prospectuses, proxy statements, reports to shareholders, sales literature or other material prepared
for distribution to shareholders of the Fund or the public, which refer to the Subadviser in any way, prior to use thereof and
not to use material if the Subadviser reasonably objects in writing five business days (or such other time as may be mutually agreed)
after receipt thereof. Sales literature may be furnished to the Subadviser hereunder by first-class or overnight mail, facsimile
transmission equipment or hand delivery.
8. This Agreement may be amended by mutual consent, but the
consent of the Fund must be obtained in conformity with the requirements of the 1940 Act.
9. This Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State
of New York.
10. Any question of interpretation of any term or provision
of this Agreement having a counterpart in or otherwise derived from a term or provision of the 1940 Act, shall be resolved by reference
to such term or provision of the 1940 Act and to interpretations thereof, if any, by the United States courts or, in the absence
of any controlling decision of any such court, by rules, regulations or orders of the Commission issued pursuant to the 1940 Act.
In addition, where the effect of a requirement of the 1940 Act, reflected in any provision of this Agreement, is related by rules,
regulation or order of the Commission, such provision shall be deemed to incorporate the effect of such rule, regulation or order.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties hereto
have caused this instrument to be executed by their officers designated below as of the day and year first above written.
PRAMERICA INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT
LIMITED
By:
/s/ D.L. Chatterton
Name: D.L. Chatterton
Title: Director
PRUDENTIAL INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT,
INC.
By:
/s/Steven B. Saperstein
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Name: Steven B. Saperstein
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Title: Vice President
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Schedule A
AST Prudential Core Bond Portfolio
AST Prudential Growth Allocation Portfolio
(core “extra” bond sleeve)
AST Advanced Strategies Portfolio (U.S.
fixed income sleeve)
AST High Yield Portfolio (PIM sleeve)
AST Prudential Flexible Multi-Strategy
Portfolio (Global Aggregate Plus and Global Absolute
Return sleeves)
ADVANCED SERIES TRUST
AST Bond
Portfolio 2027
SUBADVISORY AGREEMENT
Agreement made as of this 30 day of November, 2015 between Prudential
Investments LLC (PI), a New York limited liability company and Prudential Investment Management, Inc., a New Jersey corporation
(PIM or the Subadviser),
WHEREAS, the Manager has entered into a Management Agreement (the
Management Agreement) dated May 1, 2003, with Advanced Series Trust (formerly American Skandia Trust), a Massachusetts business
trust (the Trust) and a diversified, open-end management investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940,
as amended (the 1940 Act), pursuant to which PI acts as the Manager of the Trust; and
WHEREAS, the Manager, acting pursuant to the Management Agreement,
desires to retain the Subadviser to provide investment advisory services to the Trust and one or more of its series as specified
in Schedule A hereto (individually and collectively, with the Trust, referred to herein as the Trust) and to manage such portion
of the Trust as the Manager shall from time to time direct, and the Subadviser is willing to render such investment advisory services;
and
NOW, THEREFORE, the Parties agree as follows:
1. (a) Subject to the supervision of the Manager and the Board of
Trustees of the Trust, the Subadviser shall manage such portion of the Trust's portfolio as delegated to the Subadviser by the
Manager, including the purchase, retention and disposition thereof, in accordance with the Trust's investment objectives, policies
and restrictions as stated in its then current prospectus and statement of additional information (such prospectus and statement
of additional information as currently in effect and as amended or supplemented from time to time, being herein called the "Prospectus"),
and subject to the following understandings:
(i) The Subadviser shall provide supervision of such portion of the Trust's investments as the Manager shall direct, and shall
determine from time to time what investments and securities will be purchased, retained, sold or loaned by the Trust, and what
portion of the assets will be invested or held uninvested as cash.
(ii) In the performance of its duties and obligations under this
Agreement, the Subadviser shall act in conformity with the copies of the Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust of the Trust,
the By-laws of the Trust, the Prospectus of the Trust, and the Trust's valuation procedures as provided to it by the Manager (the
Trust Documents) and with the instructions and directions of the Manager and of the Board of Trustees of the Trust, co-operate
with the Manager’s (or their designees’) personnel responsible for monitoring the Trust's compliance and will conform
to, and comply with, the requirements of the 1940 Act, the Commodity Exchange Act of 1936, as amended (the CEA), the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986, as amended, and all other applicable federal and state laws and regulations. In connection therewith, the Subadviser
shall, among other things, prepare and file such reports as are, or may in the future be, required by the Securities and Exchange
Commission (the Commission). The Manager shall provide Subadviser timely with copies of any updated Trust Documents.
(iii) The Subadviser shall determine the securities, futures contracts
and other instruments to be purchased or sold by such portion of the Trust's portfolio, as applicable, and may place orders with
or through such persons, brokers, dealers or futures commission merchants, including any person or entity affiliated with the Subadviser
(collectively, “Brokers”), to carry out the policy with respect to brokerage as set forth in the Trust's Prospectus
or as the Board of Trustees may direct in writing from time to time. In providing the Trust with investment supervision, it is
recognized that the Subadviser will give primary consideration to securing the most favorable price and efficient execution. Within
the framework of this policy, the Subadviser may consider the financial responsibility, research and investment information and
other services provided by Brokers who may effect or be a party to any such transaction or other transactions to which the Subadviser's
other clients may be a party. The Manager (or Subadviser) to the Trust each shall have discretion to effect investment transactions
for the Trust through Brokers (including, to the extent legally permissible, Brokers affiliated with the Subadviser) qualified
to obtain best execution of such transactions who provide brokerage and/or research services, as such services are defined in Section
28(e) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the 1934 Act), and
to cause the Trust to pay any such Brokers an amount of commission for effecting a portfolio transaction in excess of the amount
of commission another Broker would have charged for effecting that transaction, if the brokerage or research services provided
by such Broker, viewed in light of either that particular investment transaction or the overall responsibilities of the Manager
(or the Subadviser) with respect to the Trust and other accounts as to which they or it may exercise investment discretion (as
such term is defined in Section 3(a)(35) of the 1934 Act), are reasonable in relation to the amount of commission. On occasions
when the Subadviser deems the purchase or sale of a security, futures contract or other instrument to be in the best interest of
the Trust as well as other clients of the Subadviser, the Subadviser, to the extent permitted by applicable laws and regulations,
may, but shall be under no obligation to, aggregate the securities, futures contracts or other instruments to be sold or purchased.
In such event, allocation of the securities, futures contracts or other instruments so purchased or sold, as well as the expenses
incurred in the transaction, will be made by the Subadviser in the manner the Subadviser considers to be the most equitable and
consistent with its fiduciary obligations to the Trust and to such other clients.
(iv) The Subadviser shall maintain all books and records with respect
to the Trust's portfolio transactions effected by it as required by Rule 31a-l under the 1940 Act, and shall render to the Trust's
Board of Trustees such periodic and special reports as the Trustees may reasonably request. The Subadviser shall make reasonably
available its employees and officers for consultation with any of the Trustees or officers or employees of the Trust with respect
to any matter discussed herein, including, without limitation, the valuation of the Trust's securities.
(v) The Subadviser or an affiliate shall provide the Trust's Custodian
on each business day with information relating to all transactions concerning the portion of the Trust's assets it manages, and
shall provide the Manager with such information upon request of the Manager.
(vi) The investment management services provided by the Subadviser
hereunder are not to be deemed exclusive, and the Subadviser shall be free to render similar services to others. Conversely, the
Subadviser and the Manager understand and agree that if the Manager manages the Trust in a "manager-of-managers" style,
the Manager will, among other things, (i) continually evaluate the performance of the Subadviser through quantitative and qualitative
analysis and consultations with the Subadviser, (ii) periodically make recommendations to the Trust's Board as to whether the contract
with one or more subadvisers should be renewed, modified, or terminated, and (iii) periodically report to the Trust's Board regarding
the results of its evaluation and monitoring functions. The Subadviser recognizes that its services may be terminated or modified
pursuant to this process.
(vii) The Subadviser acknowledges that the Manager and the Trust
intend to rely on Rule 17a-l0, Rule l0f-3, Rule 12d3-1 and Rule 17e-l under the 1940 Act, and the Subadviser hereby agrees that
it shall not consult with any other subadviser to the Trust with respect to transactions in securities for the Trust's portfolio
or any other transactions of Trust assets.
(b) The Subadviser shall authorize and permit any of its directors,
officers and employees who may be elected as Trustees or officers of the Trust to serve in the capacities in which they are elected.
Services to be furnished by the Subadviser under this Agreement may be furnished through the medium of any of such directors, officers
or employees.
(c) The Subadviser shall keep the Trust's books and records required
to be maintained by the Subadviser pursuant to paragraph 1(a) hereof and shall timely furnish to the Manager all information relating
to the Subadviser's services hereunder needed by the Manager to keep the other books and records of the Trust required by Rule
31a-I under the 1940 Act or any successor regulation. The Subadviser agrees that all records which it maintains for the Trust are
the property of the Trust, and the Subadviser will tender promptly to the Trust any of such records upon the Trust's request, provided,
however, that the Subadviser may retain a copy of such records. The Subadviser further agrees to preserve for the periods prescribed
by Rule 31a-2 of the Commission under the 1940 Act or any successor regulation any such records as are required to be maintained
by it pursuant to paragraph 1(a) hereof.
(d) The Subadviser is a commodity trading advisor
duly registered with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the CFTC) and is a member in good standing of the National Futures
Association (the NFA). The Subadviser shall maintain such registration and membership in good standing during the term of this
Agreement. Further, the Subadviser agrees to notify the Manager promptly upon (i) a statutory disqualification of the Subadviser
under Sections 8a(2) or 8a(3) of the CEA, (ii) a
suspension, revocation or limitation of the Subadviser’s commodity trading advisor registration or NFA membership, or (iii) the
institution of an action or proceeding that could lead to a statutory disqualification under the CEA or an investigation by any
governmental agency or self-regulatory organization of which the Subadviser is subject or has been advised it is a target.
(e) In connection with its duties under this Agreement, the Subadviser
agrees to maintain adequate compliance procedures to ensure its compliance with the 1940 Act, the CEA, the Investment Advisers
Act of 1940, as amended, and other applicable state and federal regulations, and applicable rules of any self-regulatory organization.
(f) The Subadviser shall maintain a written code of ethics (the
Code of Ethics) that it reasonably believes complies with the requirements of Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act and Rule 204A-1 under
the Advisers Act, a copy of which shall be provided to the Manager and the Trust, and shall institute procedures reasonably necessary
to prevent any Access Person (as defined in Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act and Rule 204A-1 under the Advisers Act) from violating
its Code of Ethics. The Subadviser shall follow such Code of Ethics in performing its services under this Agreement. Further, the
Subadviser represents that it maintains adequate compliance procedures to ensure its compliance with the 1940 Act, the Advisers
Act, and other applicable federal and state laws and regulations. In particular, the Subadviser represents that it has policies
and procedures regarding the detection and prevention of the misuse of material, non public information by the Subadviser and its
employees as required by the applicable federal securities laws.
(g) The Subadviser shall furnish to the Manager copies of all records
prepared in connection with (i) the performance of this Agreement and (ii) the maintenance of compliance procedures pursuant to
paragraph 1(d) hereof as the Manager may reasonably request.
(h) The Subadviser shall be responsible for the voting of all shareholder
proxies with respect to the investments and securities held in the Trust's portfolio, subject to such reasonable reporting and
other requirements as shall be established by the Manager.
(i) The Subadviser acknowledges that it is responsible for evaluating
whether market quotations are readily available for the Trust's portfolio investments and whether those market quotations are reliable
for purposes of valuing the Trust's portfolio investments and determining the Trust's net asset value per share and promptly notifying
the Manager upon the occurrence of any significant event with respect to any of the Trust's portfolio investments in accordance
with the requirements of the 1940 Act and any related written guidance from the Commission and the Commission staff. Upon reasonable
request from the Manager, the Subadviser (through a qualified person) will assist the valuation committee of the Trust or the Manager
in valuing investments of the Trust as may be required from time to time, including making available information of which the Subadviser
has knowledge related to the investments being valued.
(j) The Subadviser shall provide the Manager with any information
reasonably requested regarding its management of the Trust's portfolio required for any shareholder report, amended registration
statement, or prospectus supplement to be filed by the Trust with the Commission. The Subadviser shall provide the Manager with
any reasonable certification, documentation or other information reasonably requested or required by the Manager for purposes of
the certifications of shareholder reports by the Trust's principal financial officer and principal executive officer pursuant to
the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 or other law or regulation. The Subadviser shall promptly inform the Trust and the Manager if the
Subadviser becomes aware of any information in the Prospectus that is (or will become) materially inaccurate or incomplete.
(k) The Subadviser shall comply with the Trust’s Documents
provided to the Subadviser by the Manager. The Subadviser shall notify the Manager as soon as reasonably practicable upon detection
of any material breach of such Trust Documents.
(l) The Subadviser shall keep the Trust’s Manager informed
of developments relating to its duties as Subadviser of which the Subadviser has, or should have, knowledge that would materially
affect the Trust. In this regard, the Subadviser shall provide the Trust, the Manager, and their respective officers with such
periodic reports concerning the obligations the Subadviser has assumed under this Agreement and the Manager may from time to time
reasonably request. Additionally, prior to each Board meeting, the Subadviser shall provide the Manager and the
Board with reports regarding the Subadviser's management of the
Trust's portfolio during the most recently completed quarter, in such form as may be mutually agreed upon by the Subadviser and
the Manager. The Subadviser shall certify quarterly to the Manager that it and its "Advisory Persons" (as defined in
Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act) have complied materially with the requirements of Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act during the previous
quarter or, if not, explain what the Subadviser has done to seek to ensure such compliance in the future. Annually, the Subadviser
shall furnish a written report, which complies with the requirements of Rule 17j-1 and Rule 38a-1 under the 1940 Act, concerning
the Subadviser's Code of Ethics and compliance program, respectively, to the Manager. Upon written request of the Manager with
respect to material violations of the Code of Ethics directly affecting the Trust, the Subadviser shall permit representatives
of the Trust or the Manager to examine reports (or summaries of the reports) required to be made by Rule 17j-l(d)(1) relating to
enforcement of the Code of Ethics.
2. The Manager shall continue to have responsibility for all services
to be provided to the Trust pursuant to the Management Agreement and, as more particularly discussed above, shall oversee and review
the Subadviser's performance of its duties under this Agreement. The Manager shall provide (or cause the Trust's Custodian to provide)
timely information to the Subadviser regarding such matters as the composition of assets in the portion of the Trust managed by
the Subadviser, cash requirements and cash available for investment in such portion of the Trust, and all other information as
may be reasonably necessary for the Subadviser to perform its duties hereunder (including any excerpts of minutes of meetings of
the Board of Trustees of the Trust that affect the duties of the Subadviser).
3. For the services provided pursuant to this Agreement, the Manager
shall pay the Subadviser as full compensation therefore, a fee equal to the percentage of the Trust's average daily net assets
of the portion of the Trust managed by the Subadviser as described in the attached Schedule A. Expense caps or fee waivers for
the Trust that may be agreed to by the Manager, but not agreed to by the Subadviser, shall not cause a reduction in the amount
of the payment to the Subadviser by the Manager.
4. The Subadviser shall not be liable for any error of judgment
or for any loss suffered by the Trust or the Manager in connection with the matters to which this Agreement relates, except a loss
resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on the Subadviser's part in the performance of its duties or
from its reckless disregard of its obligations and duties under this Agreement, provided, however, that nothing in this Agreement
shall be deemed to waive any rights the Manager or the Trust may have against the Subadviser under federal or state securities
laws. The Manager shall indemnify the Subadviser, its affiliated persons, its officers, directors and employees, for any liability
and expenses, including attorneys' fees, which may be sustained as a result of the Manager’s willful misfeasance, bad faith,
gross negligence, reckless disregard of its duties hereunder or violation of applicable law, including, without limitation, the
1940 Act and federal and state securities laws. The Subadviser shall indemnify the Manager, their affiliated persons, their officers,
directors and employees, for any liability and expenses, including attorneys' fees, which may be sustained as a result of the Subadviser's
willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of its duties hereunder or violation of applicable law,
including, without limitation, the 1940 Act and federal and state securities laws.
5. This Agreement shall continue in effect for a period of more
than two years from the date hereof only so long as such continuance is specifically approved at least annually in conformity with
the requirements of the 1940 Act; provided, however, that this Agreement may be terminated by the Trust at any time, without the
payment of any penalty, by the Board of Trustees of the Trust or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as
defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund, or by the Manager or the Subadviser at any time, without the payment of any penalty, on not
more than 60 days' nor less than 30 days' written notice to the other party. This Agreement shall terminate automatically in the
event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act) or upon the termination of the Management Agreement. The Subadviser agrees
that it will promptly notify the Trust and the Manager of the occurrence of any event that would result in the assignment (as defined
in the 1940 Act) of this Agreement, including, but not limited to, a change of control (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Subadviser.
To the extent that the Manager delegates to the Subadviser management of all or a portion of a portfolio of the Trust previously
managed by a different subadviser or the Manager, the Subadviser agrees that its duties and obligations under this Agreement with
respect to that delegated portfolio or portion thereof shall commence as of the date the Manager begins the transition process
to allocate management responsibility to the Subadviser.
Any notice or other communication required to be given pursuant
to this Agreement shall be deemed duly given if delivered or mailed by registered mail, postage prepaid, (1) to the Manager at
655 Broad Street, 17th Floor, Newark, NJ 07102, Attention: Secretary; (2) to the Trust at 655 Broad Street, 17th Floor, Newark,
NJ 07102, Attention: Secretary; or (3) to the Subadviser at 655 Broad Street, Newark, NJ 07102, Attention: Chief Legal Officer.
6. Nothing in this Agreement shall limit or restrict the right of
any of the Subadviser's directors, officers or employees who may also be a Trustee, officer or employee of the Trust to engage
in any other business or to devote his or her time and attention in part to the management or other aspects of any business, whether
of a similar or a dissimilar nature, nor limit or restrict the Subadviser's right to engage in any other business or to render
services of any kind to any other corporation, firm, individual or association.
7. During the term of this Agreement, the Manager agrees to furnish
the Subadviser at its principal office all prospectuses, proxy statements, and reports to shareholders which refer to the Subadviser
in any way, prior to use thereof and not to use material if the Subadviser reasonably objects in writing five business days (or
such other time as may be mutually agreed) after receipt thereof. During the term of this Agreement, the Manager also agrees to
furnish the Subadviser, upon request, representative samples of marketing and sales literature or other material prepared for distribution
to shareholders of the Trust or the public, which make reference to the Subadviser. The Manager further agrees to prospectively
make reasonable changes to such materials upon the Subadviser's written request, and to implement those changes in the next regularly
scheduled production of those materials or as soon as reasonably practical. All such prospectuses, proxy statements, replies to
shareholders, marketing and sales literature or other material prepared for distribution to shareholders of the Trust or the public
which make reference to the Subadviser may be furnished to the Subadviser hereunder by electronic mail, first-class or overnight
mail, facsimile transmission equipment or hand delivery.
8. This Agreement may be amended by mutual consent, but the consent
of the Trust must be obtained in conformity with the requirements of the 1940 Act.
9. This Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of
New York.
10. Any question of interpretation of any term or provision of this
Agreement having a counterpart in or otherwise derived from a term or provision of the 1940 Act, shall be resolved by reference
to such term or provision of the 1940 Act and to interpretations thereof, if any, by the United States courts or, in the absence
of any controlling decision of any such court, by rules, regulations or orders of the Commission issued pursuant to the 1940 Act.
In addition, where the effect of a requirement of the 1940 Act, reflected in any provision of this Agreement, is related by rules,
regulation or order of the Commission, such provision shall be deemed to incorporate the effect of such rule, regulation or order.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties hereto have caused this instrument
to be executed by their officers designated below as of the day and year first above written.
PRUDENTIAL INVESTMENTS LLC
By:
/s/ Bradley Tobin
Name: Bradley Tobin
Title: VP, PI
PRUDENTIAL INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT, INC.
By:
/s/ Peter D. Cordrey
Name: Peter D. Cordrey
Title: Vice President
SCHEDULE A
ADVANCED SERIES TRUST
As compensation for services provided by Prudential Investment Management,
Inc. (PIM), Prudential Investments LLC will pay PIM an advisory fee on the net assets managed by PIM that is equal, on an annualized
basis, to the following:
Portfolio Name
|
Advisory Fee for the Portfolio
|
AST Bond Portfolio 2027
|
0.15% of combined average daily net assets of the
Bond Portfolios
*
up to $500 million;
0.14% of combined average daily net assets of the
Bond Portfolios on the next $1.5 billion; and
0.12% of combined average daily net assets of the
Bond Portfolios over $2 billion
|
* For purposes of calculating the investment
subadvisory fee payable to PIM, the subadvisory fee will be calculated using the combined average daily net assets of the AST Bond
Portfolio 2016, AST Bond Portfolio 2017, AST Bond Portfolio 2018, AST Bond Portfolio 2019, AST Bond Portfolio 2020, AST Bond Portfolio
2021, AST Bond Portfolio 2022, AST Bond Portfolio 2023, AST Bond Portfolio 2024, AST Bond Portfolio 2025, AST Bond Portfolio 2026,
AST Bond Portfolio 2027 and the AST Investment Grade Bond Portfolio, and the assets of any future portfolios of the Trust that
are subadvised by PIM pursuant to target maturity or constant duration investment strategies that are used in connection with non-discretionary
asset transfers under certain living benefit programs (collectively, the Bond Portfolios).
Dated as of: November 30, 2015
ADVANCED SERIES TRUST
Distribution Agreement
THIS DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT (the “Agreement”)
is made as of February 25, 2013, between the Advanced Series Trust (the “Trust”), on behalf of the portfolios set forth
on attached Exhibit A (each, a “Portfolio” and, collectively, the “Portfolios”), and Prudential Annuities
Distributors, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Distributor”).
WITNESSETH
WHEREAS, the Trust is registered
under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), as an open-end, management investment
company and it is in the interest of the Trust to offer the shares of each Portfolio (the “Shares”) for sale continuously;
WHEREAS, the Distributor
is a broker-dealer registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”);
WHEREAS, the Trust and
the Distributor wish to enter into this Agreement, under which the Distributor shall act as principal underwriter for the Trust
and each Portfolio and shall act as the agent for the Trust and each Portfolio with respect to the continuous offering of the Shares
from and after the date hereof in order to facilitate the distribution of the Shares; and
WHEREAS, the Trust has
adopted a Shareholder Services and Distribution Plan pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act with respect to the
Shares of some or all of the Portfolios (the “Plan”) authorizing payments by the Portfolios to the Distributor with
respect to certain shareholder services and distribution services as set forth in the Plan.
NOW, THEREFORE, the parties
agree as follows:
Section 1.
Appointment of the Distributor
The Trust hereby appoints
the Distributor as principal underwriter for the Trust and the Portfolios and agent for the Trust and the Portfolios for the sale
of the Shares. The Shares shall be sold only to insurance companies and their separate accounts that have entered into participation
agreements with the Trust (“Participating Insurance Companies”), qualified plans and other purchasers permitted by
Section 817(h) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and associated regulations (collectively,
“Permissible Shareholders”). The Distributor hereby accepts such appointment and agrees that it will use commercially
reasonable efforts to sell the Shares. The Distributor, as agent, does not undertake to sell any specific amount of the Shares.
The parties hereby agree during the term of this Agreement that the Portfolios will sell the Shares through the Distributor on
the terms and conditions set forth below and in the participation agreements with the Participating Insurance Companies and any
other Permissible Shareholders (the “Participation Agreements”).
Section 2.
Exclusive Nature of Duties
The Distributor shall be
the exclusive representative of the Trust to act as principal underwriter and agent of the Trust and the Portfolios for the sale
of the Shares, except that:
2.1 The exclusive rights
granted to the Distributor to sell the Shares shall not apply to any Shares issued in connection with the merger or consolidation
of any other investment company with a Portfolio or the acquisition by purchase or otherwise of all (or substantially all) the
assets or the outstanding shares of any such company by a Portfolio.
Section 3.
Purchase of Shares from the Trust
3.1 The Shares shall be
sold by the Distributor as the agent of the Trust to Permissible Shareholders at the net asset value next determined as set forth
in the Prospectus after an order to purchase Shares is properly received. The term “Prospectus” shall mean the Summary
Prospectus, Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information of the applicable Portfolio that is included as part of the Trust’s
Registration Statement, as such Summary Prospectus, Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information may be amended or supplemented
from time to time, and the term “Registration Statement” shall mean the Registration Statement filed by the Trust with
the Securities and Exchange Commission and effective under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”),
and the Investment Company Act, as such Registration Statement is amended from time to time.
3.2 The Trust shall have
the right to suspend the sale of any or all of the Shares at times when redemption is suspended pursuant to the conditions in Section
4.3 hereof or at such other times as may be determined by the Trust’s Board of Trustees in its sole discretion (the “Board”).
3.3 The Shares shall be
sold in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Participation Agreements.
Section 4.
Redemption of Shares by the Trust
4.1 Any of the outstanding
Shares may be tendered for redemption at any time, and the Trust (or the Distributor acting as the Trust’s agent) agrees
to redeem the Shares so tendered in accordance with the Trust’s Declaration of Trust as amended from time to time, and in
accordance with the applicable provisions of the Prospectus. The price to be paid to redeem the Shares shall be equal to the net
asset value next determined as set forth in the Prospectus after an order to redeem the Shares is properly received (the “Redemption
Price”).
4.2 The Shares shall be
redeemed in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Participation Agreements.
4.3 Redemption of any Shares
or payment may be suspended at times when the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) is closed for other than customary
weekends and holidays, when trading on the NYSE is restricted, when an emergency exists as a result of which disposal by the Trust
of securities owned by it is not reasonably practicable or it is not reasonably practicable for the Trust fairly to determine the
value of its net assets, or during any other period when the Securities and Exchange Commission, by order, so permits.
Section 5.
Duties of the Trust
5.1 Subject to the possible
suspension of the sale of the Shares as provided herein, the Trust agrees to sell the Shares so long as it has Shares of the respective
Portfolio available.
5.2 The Trust shall furnish
the Distributor copies of all information, financial statements and other papers which the Distributor may reasonably request for
use in connection with the distribution of the Shares. The Trust shall make available to the Distributor copies of its Prospectus
and annual and semi-annual reports upon request.
5.3 The Trust shall take,
from time to time, but subject to the necessary approval of the Board, all necessary action to register the Shares under the Securities
Act, to the end that there will be available for sale such number of Shares as the Distributor reasonably may expect to sell. The
Trust agrees to file from time to time such amendments, reports and other documents as may be necessary in order that there will
be no untrue statement of a material fact in the Registration Statement, or necessary in order that there will be no omission to
state a material fact in the Registration Statement which omission would make the statements therein misleading.
Section 6.
Duties of the Distributor
6.1 The Distributor shall
be responsible for preparing all sales literature (
e.g
., advertisements, brochures and shareholder communications) with
respect to each of the Portfolios, and shall file with the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) or the
appropriate regulators all such materials as are required to be filed under applicable laws and regulations.
6.2 Sales of the Shares
shall be on the terms described in the Prospectus. The Distributor may enter into similar arrangements with other investment companies.
The Distributor shall not be obligated to sell any specific number of Shares.
6.3 The Distributor shall
provide or arrange for the provision of the services set forth in the Plan.
6.4 The Distributor shall
use reasonable efforts in all respects duly to conform with the requirements of all federal and state laws relating to the sale
of the Shares, including, without limitation, all rules and regulations made or adopted pursuant to the Securities Act, the Exchange
Act, the Investment Company Act, the regulations of FINRA, or its predecessor, the National Association of Securities Dealers,
and all other applicable federal and state laws, rules and regulations. Specifically, the Distributor shall adopt and follow procedures
for the confirmation of transactions as may be necessary to comply with the requirements of Rule 10b-10 under the Securities Exchange
Act and the rules of FINRA.
6.5 The Distributor shall
act as agent of the Trust in connection with the sale and redemption of the Shares. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement,
the Distributor shall act as principal with respect to all other matters relating to the promotion or the sale of the Shares.
6.6 The Distributor shall
prepare reports for the Board regarding its activities under this Agreement as from time to time shall be reasonably requested
by the Board, including reports regarding the use of payments received by the Distributor under the Plan.
6.7 The Distributor agrees
on behalf of itself and its employees to treat confidentially and as proprietary information of the Trust all records and other
information relative to the Portfolios and/or the Trust and its prior, present or potential shareholders, and not to use such records
and information for any purpose other than performance of its responsibilities and duties hereunder, except when so requested by
the Trust or after prior notification to and approval in writing by the Trust, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld
and may not be withheld where the Distributor may be exposed to civil or criminal contempt proceedings for failure to comply, when
requested to divulge such information by duly constituted authorities.
Section 7.
Payments to the Distributor
The Trust shall pay to
the Distributor, as compensation for services under the Plan, any fee set forth in the Plan. Any such fee is subject to the terms
of the Plan. No additional compensation or reimbursement for expenses shall be provided by the Trust with respect to services under
the Plan or services under this Agreement.
Section 8.
Allocation of Expenses
The Trust shall bear all
costs and expenses of the continuous offering of the Shares (except for those costs and expenses borne by the Distributor pursuant
to the Plan and subject to the requirements of Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act), including fees and disbursements of
the Trust’s counsel and auditors, in connection with the preparation and filing of any required Registration Statements and/or
Prospectuses under the Investment Company Act or the Securities Act, and all amendments and supplements thereto, and preparing
and mailing annual and periodic reports and proxy materials to shareholders (including but not limited to the expense of setting
in type any such Registration Statements, Prospectuses, annual or periodic reports or proxy materials). The Trust shall also bear
the expenses it assumes pursuant to the Plan, so long as the Plan is in effect.
Section 9.
Indemnification
9.1 The Trust agrees to
indemnify, defend and hold the Distributor, and its officers and any person who controls the Distributor within the meaning of
Section 15 of the Securities Act, free and harmless from and against any and all claims, demands, liabilities and expenses (including
the cost of investigating or defending such claims, demands or liabilities and any reasonable counsel fees incurred in connection
therewith) which the Distributor, its officers or any such controlling person may incur under the Securities Act, or under common
law or otherwise, arising out of or based upon any untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement
or Prospectus or arising out of or based upon any alleged omission to state a material fact required to be stated in either thereof
or necessary to make the statements in either thereof not misleading, except insofar as such claims, demands, liabilities or expenses
arise out of or are based upon any such untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in reliance upon
and in conformity with information furnished by the Distributor to the Trust for use in the Registration Statement or Prospectus;
provided, however, that this indemnity agreement shall not inure to the benefit of any such officer or controlling person unless
a court of competent jurisdiction shall determine in a final decision on the merits, that the person to be indemnified was not
liable by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of its duties, or by reason of its reckless
disregard of its obligations under this Agreement (“disabling conduct”), or, in the absence of such a decision, a reasonable
determination, based upon a review of the facts, that the indemnified person was not liable by reason of disabling conduct, by
(a) a vote of a majority of a quorum of Trustees, including a majority of Trustees who are neither “interested persons”
of the Trust as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the Investment Company Act nor parties to the proceeding, or (b) an independent
legal counsel in a written opinion. The Trust’s agreement to indemnify the Distributor or its officers and any such controlling
person as aforesaid is expressly conditioned upon the Trust’s being promptly notified of any action brought against the Distributor
or its officers, or any such controlling person, such notification to be given by letter or telegram addressed to the Trust at
its principal business office. The Trust agrees to promptly notify the Distributor of the commencement of any litigation or proceedings
against the Trust or any of its officers or directors in connection with the issue and sale of any Shares.
9.2 The Distributor agrees
to indemnify, defend and hold the Trust, its officers and Trustees and any person who controls the Trust, if any, within the meaning
of Section 15 of the Securities Act, free and harmless from and against any and all claims, demands, liabilities and expenses (including
the cost of investigating or defending against such claims, demands or liabilities and any reasonable counsel fees incurred in
connection therewith) which the Trust, its officers and Trustees or any such controlling person may incur under the Securities
Act or under common law or otherwise, but only to the extent that such liability or expense incurred by the Trust, its Trustees
or officers or such controlling person resulting from such claims or demands shall arise out of or be based upon any alleged untrue
statement of a material fact contained in information furnished by the Distributor to the Trust for use in the Registration Statement
or Prospectus or shall arise out of or be based upon any alleged omission to state a material fact in connection with such information
required to be stated in the Registration Statement or Prospectus or necessary to make such information not misleading. The Distributor’s
agreement to indemnify the Trust, its officers and Trustees and any such controlling person as aforesaid, is expressly conditioned
upon the Distributor’s being promptly notified of any action brought against the Trust, its officers and directors or any
such controlling person, such notification being given to the Distributor at its principal business office.
9.3 Except as provided
in Section 9.1, the Distributor shall not be liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss suffered by the
Trust or any Portfolio in connection with matters to which this Agreement relates, except a loss resulting from willful misfeasance,
bad faith or negligence on its part in the performance of its duties or from reckless disregard of its obligations and duties under
this Agreement.
Section 10.
Duration and Termination of
this Agreement
10.1 This Agreement shall
become effective as of the date first above written and shall remain in force only so long as such continuance is specifically
approved at least annually by (a) the Board of the Trust, or by the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of
the applicable Portfolio, and (b) by the vote of a majority of those Trustees who are not parties to this Agreement or interested
persons of any such parties and who have no direct or indirect financial interest in this Agreement or in the operation of the
Plan or in any agreement related
thereto (the “Independent Trustees”),
cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting upon such approval.
10.2 This Agreement may
be terminated at any time, without the payment of any penalty, by a majority of the Independent Trustees or by vote of a majority
of the outstanding voting securities of the applicable Portfolio, or by the Distributor, on sixty (60) days’ written notice
to the other party. This Agreement shall automatically terminate in the event of its assignment.
10.3 The terms “affiliated
person,” “assignment,” “interested person” and “vote of a majority of the outstanding voting
securities,” when used in this Agreement, shall have the respective meanings specified in the Investment Company Act.
Section 11.
Amendments to this Agreement
This Agreement may be amended
by the parties only if such amendment is specifically approved by (a) the Board of the Trust, or by the vote of a majority of the
outstanding voting securities of the applicable Portfolio, and (b) by the vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees cast in
person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such amendment.
Section 12.
Separate Agreement as to Portfolios
The amendment or termination
of this Agreement with respect to any Portfolio shall not result in the amendment or termination of this Agreement with respect
to any other Portfolio unless explicitly so provided.
Section 13.
Governing Law
The provisions of this
Agreement shall be construed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of New Jersey as at the time in effect, without
regard to its conflicts of laws principles, and the applicable provisions of the Investment Company Act. To the extent that the
applicable law of the State of New Jersey, or any of the provisions herein, conflicts with the applicable provisions of the Investment
Company Act, the latter shall control.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the
parties hereto have executed this Agreement as of the day and year above written.
Prudential Annuities
Distributors, Inc.
By:
/s/ George
Gannon
Name: George
Gannon
Title: President
Advanced Series Trust (on behalf
of its portfolios as
listed on Exhibit A).
By:
/s/ Robert
F. O’Donnell
Name: Robert
F. O’Donnell
Title: President
Exhibit A
AST AB Global Bond Portfolio
AST Academic Strategies Asset
Allocation Portfolio
AST Advanced Strategies Portfolio
AST AQR Emerging Markets Equity
Portfolio
AST AQR Large-Cap Portfolio
AST Balanced Asset Allocation
Portfolio
AST BlackRock Global Strategies
Portfolio
AST BlackRock iShares ETF
Portfolio
AST BlackRock Low Duration
Bond Portfolio
(formerly, AST PIMCO Limited Maturity Bond Portfolio)
AST BlackRock/Loomis Sayles
Bond Portfolio
(formerly, AST PIMCO Total Return Bond Portfolio)
AST BlackRock Multi-Asset Income Portfolio
AST Bond Portfolio 2015
AST Bond Portfolio 2016
AST Bond Portfolio 2017
AST Bond Portfolio 2018
AST Bond Portfolio 2019
AST Bond Portfolio 2020
AST Bond Portfolio 2021
AST Bond Portfolio 2022
AST Bond Portfolio 2023
AST Bond Portfolio 2024
AST Bond Portfolio 2025
AST Bond Portfolio 2026
AST Bond Portfolio 2027
AST Boston Partners Large-CapValue
Portfolio
(formerly, AST Jennison Large-Cap Value Portfolio)
AST Capital Growth Asset Allocation
Portfolio
AST ClearBridge Dividend Growth
Portfolio
AST Cohen & Steers Realty
Portfolio
AST Columbia Adaptive Risk
Allocation Portfolio
AST Defensive Asset Allocation
Portfolio
AST Emerging Managers Diversified
Portfolio
AST FI Pyramis
®
Quantitative Portfolio
(formerly, AST First Trust Balanced Target Portfolio)
AST FQ Absolute Return Currency Portfolio
AST Franklin Templeton K2 Global Absolute Return Portfolio
AST Global Real Estate Portfolio
AST Goldman Sachs Global Growth Allocation Portfolio
AST Goldman Sachs Global Income
Portfolio
AST Goldman Sachs Large-Cap
Value Portfolio
AST Goldman Sachs Mid-Cap
Growth Portfolio
AST Goldman Sachs Multi-Asset
Portfolio
AST Goldman Sachs Small-Cap
Value Portfolio
AST Goldman Sachs Strategic Income Portfolio
AST Herndon Large-Cap Value Portfolio
(formerly,
AST BlackRock Value Portfolio)
AST High Yield Portfolio
AST International Growth Portfolio
AST International Value Portfolio
AST Investment Grade Bond
Portfolio
AST Ivy Asset Strategy Portfolio
AST J.P. Morgan Global Thematic
Portfolio
AST J.P. Morgan International
Equity Portfolio
AST J.P. Morgan Strategic
Opportunities Portfolio
AST Jennison Global Infrastructure Portfolio
AST Jennison Large-Cap Growth
Portfolio
AST Large-Cap Value Portfolio
AST Legg Mason Diversified Growth Portfolio
AST Loomis Sayles Large-Cap
Growth Portfolio
(formerly, AST Marsico Capital Growth Portfolio)
AST Lord Abbett Core Fixed
Income Portfolio
AST Managed Alternatives Portfolio
AST Managed Equity Portfolio
AST Managed Fixed Income Portfolio
AST MFS Global Equity Portfolio
AST MFS Growth Portfolio
AST MFS Large-Cap Value Portfolio
AST Mid-Cap Value Portfolio
AST Money Market Portfolio
AST Morgan Stanley Multi-Asset
Portfolio
AST Multi-Sector Fixed Income
Portfolio
(formerly, AST Long Duration Bond Portfolio)
AST Neuberger Berman Long/Short
Portfolio
AST Neuberger Berman/LSV Mid-Cap
Value Portfolio
AST New Discovery Asset Allocation
Portfolio
AST Parametric Emerging Markets
Equity Portfolio
AST Preservation Asset Allocation
Portfolio
AST Prudential Core Bond Portfolio
AST Prudential Flexible Multi-Strategy Portfolio
AST Prudential Growth Allocation
Portfolio
AST QMA Emerging Markets Equity
Portfolio
AST QMA International Core
Equity Portfolio
AST QMA Large-Cap Portfolio
AST QMA US Equity Alpha Portfolio
AST Quantitative Modeling
Portfolio
AST RCM World Trends Portfolio
AST Schroders Global Tactical
Portfolio
AST Small Cap Growth Opportunities
Portfolio
(formerly, AST Federated Aggressive Growth Portfolio)
AST Small-Cap Growth Portfolio
AST Small-Cap Value Portfolio
AST T. Rowe Price Asset Allocation
Portfolio
AST T. Rowe Price Diversified
Real Growth Portfolio
AST T. Rowe Price Growth Opportunities
Portfolio
AST T. Rowe Price Large-Cap
Growth Portfolio
AST T. Rowe Price Natural
Resources Portfolio
AST Templeton Global Bond
Portfolio
AST Wellington Management
Global Bond Portfolio
AST Wellington Management
Hedged Equity Portfolio
(formerly, AST Aggressive Asset Allocation Portfolio)
AST Wellington Management
Real Total Return Portfolio
AST Western Asset Core Plus
Bond Portfolio
AST Western Asset Emerging
Markets Debt Portfolio
Dated February 25, 2013, as amended effective
as of April 29, 2013. As further amended effective as of December 31, 2013. As further amended as of April 15, 2014, July 1, 2015
and December 21, 2015.
AMENDMENT
Amendment
made as of December 21, 2015 to that certain Custody Agreement dated as of November 7, 2002, as amended from time to time, between
each Fund listed on the attached Schedule A thereto, including any series thereof (the “Fund”) and The Bank of New
York Mellon (formerly, The Bank of New York) (“Custodian”) (such Custody Agreement hereinafter referred to as the “Custody
Agreement”). Capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meaning assigned to them pursuant to the Custody
Agreement.
WHEREAS, the parties wish to amend the Custody
Agreement to add AST Bond Portfolio 2027, a series of Advanced Series Trust, as parties to the Custody Agreement;
NOW, THEREFORE, for and in consideration of
the mutual promises hereinafter set forth, the parties hereto agree as follows:
1. Schedule A of the
Custody Agreement shall be amended as set forth in Exhibit I to this Amendment, attached hereto and made a part hereof.
2. Each party represents
to the other that this Amendment has been duly executed.
3. This Amendment may
be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but such counterparts, shall, together,
constitute only one amendment.
4. This Amendment shall become effective for
each Fund as of the date of first service as listed in Exhibit I hereto upon execution by the parties hereto. From and after the
execution hereof, any reference to the Custody Agreement shall be a reference to the Custody Agreement as amended hereby. Except
as amended hereby, the Custody Agreement shall remain in full force and effect.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF
, each Fund and Custodian have caused this
Amendment to be executed by their duly authorized representatives, as of the day and year first above written.
EACH FUND LISTED ON
EXHIBIT I HERETO
By:
/s/ Peter Parrella
Name: Peter Parrella
Title: Assistant Treasurer
THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON
By:
/s/Shalini O’Suilleabhain
Name: Shalini O’Suilleabhain
Title: Vice President
Exhibit I
SCHEDULE A TO THE CUSTODY AGREEMENT
INSURANCE FUNDS
RIC/Fund Name
|
Former Name
|
Date of First Service
|
Advanced Series Trust
|
|
|
AST AB Global Bond Portfolio
|
|
7/8/15
|
AST AQR Emerging Markets Equity Portfolio
|
|
2/25/13
|
AST AQR Large-Cap Portfolio
|
|
4/29/13
|
AST BlackRock Global Strategies Portfolio
|
|
5/1/11
|
AST BlackRock iShares ETF Portfolio
|
|
4/29/13
|
AST BlackRock Multi-Asset Income Portfolio
|
|
4/15/14
|
AST Bond Portfolio 2015
|
|
1/28/08
|
AST Bond Portfolio 2016
|
|
1/1/09
|
AST Bond Portfolio 2017
|
|
12/31/09
|
AST Bond Portfolio 2018
|
|
1/28/08
|
AST Bond Portfolio 2019
|
|
1/28/08
|
AST Bond Portfolio 2020
|
|
1/1/09
|
AST Bond Portfolio 2021
|
|
12/31/09
|
AST Bond Portfolio 2022
|
|
12/31/10
|
AST Bond Portfolio 2023
|
|
12/28/11
|
AST Bond Portfolio 2024
|
|
11/14/12
|
AST Bond Portfolio 2025
|
|
12/5/13
|
AST Bond Portfolio 2026
|
|
1/2/15
|
AST Bond Portfolio 2027
|
|
12/21/15
|
AST Boston Partners Large-Cap Value Portfolio
|
AST Jennison Large Cap Value Portfolio
|
9/25/09
|
AST Clearbridge Dividend Growth Portfolio
|
|
2/25/13
|
AST Columbia Adaptive Risk Allocation Portfolio
|
|
7/8/15
|
AST Defensive Asset Allocation Portfolio
|
|
4/29/13
|
AST Emerging Managers Diversified Portfolio
|
|
7/8/15
|
AST FQ Absolute Return Currency Portfolio
|
|
4/15/14
|
AST Franklin Templeton K2 Global Absolute Return Portfolio
|
|
4/15/14
|
AST Goldman Sachs Global Growth Allocation Portfolio
|
|
4/15/14
|
AST Goldman Sachs Global Income Portfolio
|
|
7/8/15
|
AST Goldman Sachs Strategic Income Portfolio
|
|
4/15/14
|
AST Investment Grade Bond Portfolio
|
|
1/28/08
|
AST Ivy Asset Strategy Portfolio
|
|
7/8/15
|
AST Jennison Global Infrastructure Portfolio
|
|
4/15/14
|
AST Jennison Large Cap Growth Portfolio
|
|
9/25/09
|
AST Legg Mason Diversified Growth Portfolio
|
|
7/1/14
|
AST Managed Alternatives Portfolio
|
|
7/8/15
|
AST Managed Equity Portfolio
|
|
4/15/14
|
AST Managed Fixed Income Portfolio
|
|
4/15/14
|
AST MFS Large-Cap Value Portfolio
|
|
8/20/12
|
AST Morgan Stanley Multi-Asset Portfolio
|
|
7/8/15
|
AST Multi-Sector Fixed-Income Portfolio
|
AST Long Duration Bond Portfolio
|
2/25/13
|
AST Neuberger Berman Long/Short Portfolio
|
|
7/8/15
|
AST New Discovery Asset Allocation Portfolio
|
|
3/25/12
|
AST Prudential Core Bond Portfolio
|
|
10/5/11
|
AST Prudential Flexible Multi-Strategy Portfolio
|
|
4/15/14
|
AST QMA Emerging Markets Equity Portfolio
|
|
2/25/13
|
AST QMA International Core Equity Portfolio
|
|
1/5/15
|
AST QMA Large-Cap Portfolio
|
|
4/29/13
|
AST Quantitative Modeling Portfolio
|
|
5/1/11
|
AST T. Rowe Price Diversified Real Growth Portfolio
|
|
4/15/14
|
AST T. Rowe Price Growth Opportunities Portfolio
|
|
12/5/13
|
AST Wellington Management Global Bond Portfolio
|
|
7/8/15
|
AST Wellington Management Hedged Equity Portfolio
|
AST Aggressive Asset Allocation Portfolio
|
5/1/11
|
AST Wellington Management Real Total Return Portfolio
|
|
7/8/15
|
AST Western Asset Emerging Markets Debt Portfolio
|
|
8/20/12
|
Prudential Series Fund
|
|
|
Conservative Balanced Portfolio
|
|
7/25/05
|
Diversified Bond Portfolio
|
|
7/25/05
|
Flexible Managed Portfolio
|
|
7/25/05
|
Global Portfolio
|
|
7/25/05
|
Government Income Portfolio
|
|
7/25/05
|
High Yield Bond Portfolio
|
|
7/25/05
|
Jennison Portfolio
|
|
7/25/05
|
Jennison 20/20 Focus Portfolio
|
|
7/25/05
|
Money Market Portfolio
|
|
9/12/05
|
Natural Resources Portfolio
|
|
7/25/05
|
Small Capitalization Stock Portfolio
|
|
7/25/05
|
Stock Index Portfolio
|
|
7/25/05
|
Value Portfolio
|
|
7/25/05
|
SP Prudential U.S. Emerging Growth Portfolio
|
|
7/25/05
|
Prudential Gibraltar Fund
|
|
7/25/05
|
RETAIL FUNDS
RIC/Fund Name
|
Former Name
|
Date of First Service
|
Prudential Global Total Return Fund, Inc.
|
Dryden Global Total Return Fund, Inc.
|
6/6/05
|
Prudential Investment Portfolios, Inc.
|
|
|
Prudential Balanced Fund
|
Prudential Asset Allocation Fund, Dryden Asset Allocation Fund, Dryden Active Allocation Fund
|
6/6/05
|
Prudential Jennison Equity Opportunity Fund
|
Jennison Equity Opportunity Fund
|
6/27/05
|
Prudential Jennison Growth Fund
|
Jennison Growth Fund
|
6/27/05
|
Prudential Conservative Allocation Fund
|
JennisonDryden Conservative Allocation Fund
|
7/25/05
|
Prudential Growth Allocation Fund
|
JennisonDryden Growth Allocation Fund
|
7/25/05
|
Prudential Moderate Allocation Fund
|
JennisonDryden Allocation Fund
|
7/25/05
|
Prudential Investment Portfolios 2
|
Dryden Core Investment Fund
|
|
Prudential Core Short Term Bond Fund
|
Short Term Bond Series
|
6/6/05
|
Prudential Core Taxable Money Market Fund
|
Taxable Money Market Series
|
6/6/05
|
Prudential Investment Portfolios 3
|
Jennison Dryden Opportunity Funds, Strategic Partners Opportunity Funds
|
|
Prudential Jennison Market Neutral Fund
|
|
4/23/10
|
Prudential Jennison Select Growth Fund
|
Jennison Select Growth Fund, Strategic Partners Focused Growth Fund
|
12/9/02
|
Prudential Real Assets Fund
|
|
12/30/10
|
Prudential Real Assets Subsidiary, Ltd.
|
|
12/30/10
|
Prudential Global Tactical Allocation Fund
|
|
4/1/15
|
Prudential Global Tactical Allocation Subsidiary, Ltd.
|
|
4/1/15
|
Prudential Unconstrained Bond Fund
|
|
6/1/15
|
Prudential Global Absolute Return Bond Fund
|
|
10/1/15
|
Prudential Investment Portfolios 4
|
Dryden Municipal Bond Fund
|
|
Prudential Muni High Income Fund
|
High Income Series
|
6/6/05
|
Prudential Investment Portfolios 5
|
Strategic Partners Style Specific Funds
|
|
Prudential Jennison Conservative Growth Fund
|
|
11/18/02
|
Prudential Jennison Rising Dividend Fund
|
|
3/5/14
|
Prudential Investment Portfolios 6
|
Dryden California Municipal Fund
|
|
Prudential California Muni Income Fund
|
|
9/12/05
|
Prudential Investment Portfolios 7
|
JennisonDryden Portfolios
|
|
Prudential Jennison Value Fund
|
|
6/27/05
|
Prudential Investment Portfolios 8
|
Dryden Index Series Fund
|
|
Prudential Stock Index Fund
|
|
6/27/05
|
Prudential Investment Portfolios 9
|
Dryden Tax-Managed Funds
|
|
Prudential Absolute Return Bond Fund
|
|
3/30/11
|
Prudential International Real Estate Fund
|
|
12/21/10
|
Prudential Large-Cap Core Equity Fund
|
Dryden Large-Cap Core Equity Fund
|
6/27/05
|
Prudential Select Real Estate Fund
|
|
7/7/14
|
Prudential Real Estate Income Fund
|
|
6/1/15
|
Prudential Investment Portfolios 12
|
Prudential Global Real Estate Fund
|
|
Prudential Long-Short Equity Fund
|
|
5/28/14
|
Prudential Short Duration Muni High Income Fund
|
|
5/28/14
|
Prudential US Real Estate Fund
|
|
12/21/10
|
Prudential Investment Portfolios, Inc. 14
|
Prudential Government Income Fund, Inc.
|
|
Prudential Government Income Fund
|
Dryden Government Income Fund, Inc.
|
7/25/05
|
Prudential Floating Rate Income Fund
|
|
3/30/11
|
Prudential Investment Portfolios, Inc. 15
|
Prudential High Yield Fund, Inc., Dryden High Yield Fund, Inc.
|
|
Prudential Short Duration High Yield Income Fund
|
|
9/24/12
|
Prudential High Yield Fund
|
|
7/25/05
|
Prudential Investment Portfolios, Inc. 17
|
Prudential Total Return Bond Fund, Inc.,
Dryden Total Return Bond Fund, Inc.
|
|
Prudential Total Return Bond Fund
|
|
7/25/05
|
Prudential Short Duration Multi-Sector Bond Fund
|
|
12/5/13
|
Prudential Investment Portfolios 18
|
Prudential Jennison 20/20 Focus Fund, Jennison 20/20 Focus Fund
|
6/27/05
|
Prudential Jennison 20/20 Focus Fund
|
|
6/27/05
|
Prudential Jennison MLP Fund
|
|
12/5/13
|
Prudential Jennison Blend Fund, Inc
|
Jennison Blend Fund, Inc., Strategic Partners Equity Fund, Inc.
|
9/12/05
|
Prudential Jennison Mid-Cap Growth Fund, Inc.
|
Jennison Mid-Cap Growth Fund, Inc., Jennison U.S. Emerging Growth Fund, Inc.
|
6/27/05
|
Prudential Jennison Natural Resources Fund, Inc.
|
Jennison Natural Resources Fund, Inc.
|
6/27/05
|
Prudential Jennison Small Company Fund, Inc.
|
Jennison Small Company Fund, Inc.
|
6/27/05
|
Prudential MoneyMart Assets, Inc.
|
MoneyMart Assets, Inc.
|
6/6/05
|
Prudential National Muni Fund, Inc.
|
Dryden National Municipals Fund, Inc.
|
9/12/05
|
Prudential Sector Funds
|
Jennison Sector Funds, Inc.
|
|
Prudential Financial Services Fund
|
Jennison Financial Services
|
6/27/05
|
Prudential Health Sciences Fund d/b/a Prudential Jennison Health Sciences Fund
|
Jennison Health Sciences Fund
|
6/27/05
|
Prudential Utility Fund d/b/a Prudential Jennison Utility Fund
|
Jennison Utility Fund
|
6/27/05
|
Prudential Short-Term Corporate Bond Fund, Inc.
|
Dryden Short-Term Bond Fund, Inc.
|
6/6/05
|
Prudential World Fund, Inc.
|
|
|
Prudential Emerging Markets Debt Local Currency Fund
|
|
3/30/11
|
Prudential International Equity Fund
|
|
6/6/05
|
Prudential Jennison Emerging Markets Equity Fund
|
|
9/3/14
|
Prudential Jennison Global Infrastructure Fund
|
|
8/12/13
|
Prudential Jennison Global Opportunities Fund
|
|
3/14/12
|
Prudential Jennison International Opportunities Fund
|
|
6/5/12
|
CLOSED END FUNDS
RIC/Fund Name
|
Former Name
|
Date of First Service
|
The Asia Pacific Fund
|
|
10/17/05
|
Prudential Short Duration High Yield Fund, Inc.
|
|
3/8/12
|
Prudential Global Short Duration High Yield Fund, Inc.
|
|
9/24/12
|
Prudential Real Estate Income Fund, Inc.
|
|
8/12/13
|
ADDITION OF PORTFOLIOS TO ACCOUNTING SERVICES
AGREEMENT
This document relates to the addition
by each registered investment company listed on Attachment A to this document (each an “Additional Fund”) to the Agreement
(as defined below) of its investment portfolio listed on Attachment A to this document.
WHEREAS, each Additional Fund wishes
to retain BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc. (f/k/a PFPC Inc.) (“BNY Mellon”) to provide the services set forth
in the Agreement (as defined below) to its investment portfolios listed on Attachment A to this document (each an “Additional
Portfolio”), and BNY Mellon wishes to furnish such services;
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the
premises and the mutual covenants herein contained, and intending to be legally bound hereby, each Additional Fund and BNY Mellon
agree as follows:
|
1.
|
For purposes of this document:
|
|
A.
|
“Agreement” means the Accounting
Services Agreement initially made as of July 1, 2005 separately by and between each of Advanced Series Trust (f/k/a American Skandia
Trust) and Prudential Investment Portfolios, Inc. 10 (f/k/a Strategic Partners Mutual Funds, Inc.) (each of which is a “Fund”
under such Accounting Services Agreement) and BNY Mellon, as such Accounting Services Agreement may be amended or amended and restated
from time to time.
|
|
B.
|
“Effective Date” means, with
respect to a particular Additional Portfolio, the effective date listed for such Additional Portfolio on Attachment A to this document
(or such other date as agreed in writing between BNY Mellon and the Additional Fund to which such Additional Portfolio relates).
|
|
2.
|
Each Additional Fund hereby appoints BNY
Mellon to provide the services set forth in the Agreement, in accordance with the terms set forth in the Agreement, to each of
its Additional Portfolios as of the Effective Date for each such respective Additional Portfolio. BNY Mellon accepts such appointment
and agrees to furnish such services as of the relevant Effective Date.
|
|
4.
|
An Additional Portfolio shall be deemed to
be listed on Exhibit A attached to the Agreement as of the Effective Date for such Additional Portfolio, and as of the Effective
Date for a particular Additional Portfolio (but not before such Effective Date) such Additional Portfolio shall be a “Portfolio”
for all purposes under the Agreement.
|
|
5.
|
For clarity and notwithstanding the provisions
of the first sentence of Section 22(c) of the Agreement, this document embodies a portion of the agreement and understanding between
each Additional Fund and BNY Mellon relating to the subject matter of the Agreement and the Agreement shall not supersede the terms
and provisions of this document.
|
|
6.
|
BNY Mellon is entering into this document
with each of the Additional Funds separately, and any duty, obligation or liability owed or incurred by BNY Mellon with respect
to a particular Additional Fund shall be owed or incurred solely with respect to that Additional Fund, and shall not in any way
create any duty, obligation or liability with respect to any other Additional Fund. This document shall be interpreted to carry
out the intent of the parties hereto that
|
BNY Mellon is entering into
a separate arrangement with each separate Additional Fund.
Agreed:
BNY Mellon
Investment Servicing (US) Inc.
By:
/s/Shalini
O’Suilleabhain
Name: Shalini O’Suilleabhain
Title: Vice President
Each
Registered Investment Company set
Forth on Attachment A attached hereto
By:
/s/ Peter Parrella
Name: Peter Parrella
Title:
Assistant Treasurer
Dated: December 21, 2015
ATTACHMENT A
additional fund
|
additional portfolio
|
effective date
|
Advanced Series Trust
|
AST Bond Portfolio 2027
|
12/21/15
|
AMENDMENT
AMENDMENT made as of December 21, 2015 to that certain Amended and
Restated Transfer Agency and Service Agreement made as of May 29, 2007 (the "TA Agreement"), between each of the investment
companies listed in Exhibit A hereto including any series thereof (the "Fund") and Prudential Mutual Fund Services LLC
("PMFS"). Capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meaning assigned to them pursuant to the TA Agreement.
WHEREAS, the parties wish to amend the TA Agreement to add AST Bond
Portfolio 2027, a series of Advanced Series Trust, as a party to the TA Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, for and in consideration of the mutual promises
hereinafter set forth, the parties hereto agree as follows:
1. Exhibit A of the TA Agreement shall be amended as set forth in
this Amendment, attached hereto and made a part hereof.
2. Each party represents to the other that this Amendment has been
duly executed.
3. This Amendment may be executed in any number of counterparts,
each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but such counterparts, shall, together, constitute only one amendment.
4. This Amendment shall become effective for each Fund as of the
date of first service as listed in Exhibit A hereto upon execution by the parties hereto. From and after the execution hereof,
any reference to the TA Agreement shall be a reference to the TA Agreement as amended hereby. Except as amended hereby, the TA
Agreement shall remain in full force and effect.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Fund and PMFS have caused this Amendment
to be executed by their duly authorized representatives, as of the day and year first above written.
EACH FUND LISTED ON EXHIBIT A HERETO
By:
/s/ Scott E. Benjamin
Scott E. Benjamin
Title: Executive Vice President
PRUDENTIAL MUTUAL FUND SERVICES LLC
By:
/s/ Hansjerg P. Schlenker
Hansjerg P. Schlenker
Title: Senior Vice President
EXHIBIT A
FUNDS AND PORTFOLIOS
Retail Funds
Prudential Global Total Return Fund, Inc.
Prudential Investment Portfolios 2
Prudential
Core Short-Term Bond Fund
Prudential
Core Taxable Money Market Fund
Prudential Investment Portfolios 3
Prudential Global Absolute Return
Bond Fund
Prudential
Global Tactical Allocation Fund
Prudential Jennison Select Growth
Fund
Prudential
Real Assets Fund
Prudential
Strategic Value Fund
Prudential Unconstrained Bond Fund
Prudential Investment Portfolios 4
Prudential
Muni High Income Fund
Prudential Investment Portfolios 5
Prudential
Jennison Conservative Growth Fund
Prudential Jennison Rising Dividend
Fund
Prudential Investment Portfolios 6
Prudential
California Muni Income Fund
Prudential Investment Portfolios 7
Prudential
Jennison Value Fund
Prudential Investment Portfolios 8
Prudential
Stock Index Fund
Prudential Investment Portfolios 9
Prudential
Absolute Return Bond Fund
Prudential
International Real Estate Fund
Prudential
Large-Cap Core Equity Fund
Prudential Real Estate Income Fund
Prudential Select Real Estate Fund
Prudential Investment Portfolios
12
Prudential
Global Real Estate Fund
Prudential Long-Short Equity Fund
Prudential Short Duration Muni High
Income Fund
Prudential
U.S. Real Estate Fund
Prudential Investment Portfolios
16
Prudential
Defensive Equity Fund
Prudential
Income Builder Fund (
formerly, Target Conservative Allocation Fund
)
Prudential Investment Portfolios 18
Prudential Jennison 20/20 Focus Fund
Prudential Jennison MLP Fund
Prudential Investment Portfolios, Inc.
Prudential
Balanced Fund (
formerly, Prudential Asset Allocation Fund
)
Prudential
Conservative Allocation Fund
Prudential
Growth Allocation Fund
Prudential
Jennison Equity Opportunity Fund
Prudential
Jennison Growth Fund
Prudential
Moderate Allocation Fund
Prudential Investment Portfolios, Inc. 10
Prudential
Jennison Equity Income Fund
Prudential
Mid-Cap Value Fund
Prudential Investment Portfolios, Inc. 14
Prudential
Floating Rate Income Fund
Prudential
Government Income Fund
Prudential Investment Portfolios,
Inc. 15
Prudential
High Yield Fund
Prudential
Short Duration High Yield Income Fund
Prudential Investment Portfolios, Inc. 17
Prudential Short Duration Multi-Sector
Bond Fund
Prudential Total Return Bond Fund
Prudential Jennison Blend Fund, Inc.
Prudential Jennison Mid-Cap Growth Fund, Inc.
Prudential Jennison Natural
Resources Fund, Inc.
Prudential Jennison Small
Company Fund, Inc.
Prudential MoneyMart Assets, Inc.
Prudential National Muni
Fund, Inc.
Prudential Sector Funds, Inc.
Prudential
Financial Services Fund
Prudential
Health Sciences Fund d/b/a Prudential Jennison Health Sciences Fund
Prudential
Utility Fund d/b/a Prudential Jennison Utility Fund
Prudential Short-Term Corporate Bond Fund, Inc.
Prudential World Fund, Inc.
Prudential
Emerging Markets Debt Local Currency Fund
Prudential International Equity Fund
Prudential
Jennison Emerging Markets Equity Fund
Prudential
Jennison Global Infrastructure Fund
Prudential
Jennison Global Opportunities Fund
Prudential
Jennison International Opportunities Fund
The Target Portfolio Trust
International
Equity Portfolio
Prudential Core Bond Fund
(formerly,
Intermediate-Term Bond Portfolio)
Prudential Corporate Bond Fund
(formerly,
Mortgage Backed Securities Portfolio)
Prudential
Small-Cap Value Fund
(formerly, Small Capitalization Value Portfolio)
Insurance Funds
Advanced Series Trust
AST AB Global Bond Portfolio
AST Academic Strategies Asset Allocation Portfolio
AST Advanced Strategies Portfolio
AST AQR Emerging Markets Equity Portfolio
AST AQR Large-Cap Portfolio
AST Balanced Asset Allocation Portfolio
AST BlackRock Global Strategies Portfolio
AST BlackRock iShares ETF Portfolio
AST BlackRock Low Duration Bond Portfolio
(formerly, AST PIMCO
Limited Maturity Bond Portfolio)
AST BlackRock/Loomis Sayles Bond Portfolio
(formerly, AST PIMCO
Total Return Bond Portfolio)
AST BlackRock Multi-Asset Income Portfolio
AST Bond Portfolio 2015
AST Bond Portfolio 2016
AST Bond Portfolio 2017
AST Bond Portfolio 2018
AST Bond Portfolio 2019
AST Bond Portfolio 2020
AST Bond Portfolio 2021
AST Bond Portfolio 2022
AST Bond Portfolio 2023
AST Bond Portfolio 2024
AST Bond Portfolio 2025
AST Bond Portfolio 2026
AST Bond Portfolio 2027
AST Boston Partners Large-Cap Value Portfolio (
formerly, AST
Jennison Large Cap Value Portfolio
)
AST Capital Growth Asset Allocation Portfolio
AST ClearBridge Dividend Growth Portfolio
AST Cohen & Steers Realty Portfolio
AST Columbia Adaptive Risk Allocation Portfolio
AST Defensive Asset Allocation Portfolio
AST Emerging Managers Diversified Portfolio
AST FI Pyramis
®
Quantitative Portfolio
AST FQ Absolute Return Currency Portfolio
AST Franklin Templeton K2 Global Absolute Return Portfolio
AST Global Real Estate Portfolio
AST Goldman Sachs Global Growth Allocation Portfolio
AST Goldman Sachs Global Income Portfolio
AST Goldman Sachs Large-Cap Value Portfolio
AST Goldman Sachs Mid-Cap Growth Portfolio
AST Goldman Sachs Multi-Asset Portfolio
AST Goldman Sachs Small-Cap Value Portfolio
AST Goldman Sachs Strategic Income Portfolio
AST Herndon Large-Cap Value Portfolio
AST High Yield Portfolio
AST International Growth Portfolio
AST International Value Portfolio
AST Investment Grade Bond Portfolio
AST Ivy Asset Strategy Portfolio
AST J.P. Morgan Global Thematic Portfolio
AST J.P. Morgan International Equity Portfolio
AST J.P. Morgan Strategic Opportunities Portfolio
AST Jennison Global Infrastructure Portfolio
AST Jennison Large Cap Growth Portfolio
AST Large-Cap Value Portfolio
AST Legg Mason Diversified Growth Portfolio
AST Loomis Sayles Large-Cap Growth Portfolio
AST Lord Abbett Core Fixed-Income Portfolio
AST Managed Alternatives Portfolio
AST Managed Equity Portfolio
AST Managed Fixed-Income Portfolio
AST MFS Global Equity Portfolio
AST MFS Growth Portfolio
AST MFS Large-Cap Value Portfolio
AST Mid-Cap Value Portfolio
AST Money Market Portfolio
AST Morgan Stanley Multi-Asset Portfolio
AST Multi-Sector Fixed-Income Portfolio
AST Neuberger Berman Long/Short Portfolio
AST Neuberger Berman/LSV Mid-Cap Value Portfolio
AST New Discovery Asset Allocation Portfolio
AST Parametric Emerging Markets Equity Portfolio
AST Preservation Asset Allocation Portfolio
AST Prudential Core Bond Portfolio
AST Prudential Flexible Multi-Strategy Portfolio
AST Prudential Growth Allocation Portfolio
AST QMA Emerging Markets Equity Portfolio
AST QMA International Core Equity Portfolio
AST QMA Large-Cap Portfolio
AST QMA US Equity Alpha Portfolio
AST Quantitative Modeling Portfolio
AST RCM World Trends Portfolio
AST Schroders Global Tactical Portfolio
AST Small-Cap Growth Opportunities Portfolio (
formally, AST Federated
Aggressive Growth Portfolio
)
AST Small-Cap Growth Portfolio
AST Small-Cap Value Portfolio
AST T. Rowe Price Asset Allocation Portfolio
AST T. Rowe Price Diversified Real Growth Portfolio
AST T. Rowe Price Growth Opportunities Portfolio
AST T. Rowe Price Large-Cap Growth Portfolio
AST T. Rowe Price Natural Resources Portfolio
AST Templeton Global Bond Portfolio
AST Wellington Management Global Bond Portfolio
AST Wellington Management Hedged Equity Portfolio
AST Wellington Management Real Total Return Portfolio
AST Western Asset Core Plus Bond Portfolio
AST Western Asset Emerging Markets Debt Portfolio
The Prudential Series Fund
Conservative Balanced Portfolio
Diversified Bond Portfolio
Equity Portfolio
Flexible Managed Portfolio
Global Portfolio
Government Income Portfolio
High Yield Bond Portfolio
Jennison 20/20 Focus Portfolio
Jennison Portfolio
Money Market Portfolio
Natural Resources Portfolio
Small Capitalization Stock Portfolio
Stock Index Portfolio
Value Portfolio
SP International Growth Portfolio
SP Prudential U.S. Emerging Growth Portfolio
SP Small Cap Value Portfolio
End of Exhibit A
December 18, 2015
Advanced Series Trust
655 Broad Street
17
th
Floor
Newark, New Jersey 07102
|
Re:
|
Advanced Series Trust (“Registrant”) Form N-1A; Post-Effective Amendment No. 140 to
the Registration Statement under the Securities Act of 1933 and Amendment No. 142 to the Registration Statement under the Investment
Company Act of 1940 (the “Amendment”)
|
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We provided an opinion
to the Registrant dated April 25, 2005 (the “Opinion”), which the Registrant filed as an exhibit to its Registration
Statement filed April 29, 2005.
We consent to the filing
of this letter with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to the Amendment and the incorporation by reference of
the Opinion as an exhibit to the Amendment. We also consent to the reference in the Registration Statement to the Trust to the
fact that Goodwin Procter LLP serves as counsel to the Trust and has provided the Opinion.
Very truly yours,
/s/ Goodwin Procter LLP
Goodwin Procter LLP
ADVANCED SERIES TRUST
SHAREHOLDER SERVICES AND DISTRIBUTION PLAN
WHEREAS, the Board of Trustees of the Advanced Series Trust (the “Trust”),
including a majority of the
Independent Trustees (as defined herein), have concluded in the exercise of
their reasonable business judgment and in light of their fiduciary duties under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended
(the “Act”), that there is a reasonable likelihood that this Plan (the “Plan”) will benefit each of the
Trust’s portfolios listed on Schedule A (each a “Portfolio”) and the shareholders of each Portfolio;
NOW, THEREFORE, this Plan is hereby adopted as follows:
Section 1. The Trust is authorized to pay a fee (the “Services and Distribution
Fee”) for the services
rendered and expenses borne as set forth in Section 2, including services and
expenses in connection with the distribution of shares of the Trust, at an annual rate with respect to each Portfolio not to exceed
0.25% of the average daily net assets of the Portfolio. The Trust shall pay the Services and Distribution Fee to the distributor
of the Trust’s shares (“Distributor”). Subject to such limit and subject to the provisions hereof, the Services
and Distribution Fee must be approved at least annually by:
(a) a majority of the Board of Trustees of the Trust and
(b) a majority of the Trustees who (i) are not “interested persons”
of the Trust, as defined in the Act, and (ii) have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plan or any
agreements related thereto (the “Independent Trustees”).
If at any time this Plan shall not be in effect with respect to the shares of all Portfolios of the Trust, the Services and Distribution
Fee shall be computed on the basis of the net assets of the shares of those Portfolios for which the Plan is in effect. The Services
and Distribution Fee shall be accrued daily and paid bi-weekly or at such other intervals as the Board of Trustees shall determine.
The Services and Distribution Fee shall not apply to Portfolios that invest all of their assets in other Portfolios. For Portfolios
that invest a portion of their assets in other Portfolios, the Services and Distribution Fee shall apply only on assets not invested
in other Portfolios.
Section 2. The Distributor shall provide (or arrange for the provision of)
the following services and bear the following expenses (collectively, the “Services”):
• printing and mailing of prospectuses, statements of additional information, supplements, proxy
statement materials, and annual and semi-annual reports for current owners
of variable life or variable
annuity contracts indirectly investing in the shares (the “Contracts”);
• reconciling and balancing separate account investments in the Portfolios;
• reconciling and providing notice to the Trust of net cash flow and
cash requirements for net redemption
orders;
• confirming transactions;
• providing Contract owner services related to investments in the Portfolios,
including assisting the Trust
with proxy solicitations, including providing solicitation and tabulation services,
and investigating and
responding to inquiries from Contract owners that relate to the Portfolios;
• providing periodic reports to the Trust and regarding the Portfolios
to third-party reporting services;
• paying compensation to and expenses, including overhead, of employees
of the Distributor and other
broker-dealers and financial intermediaries that engage in the distribution
of the shares, including but
not limited to commissions, servicing fees and marketing fees;
• printing and mailing of prospectuses, statements of additional information,
supplements and annual and
semi-annual reports for prospective Contract owners;
• paying expenses relating to the development, preparation, printing,
and mailing of advertisements,
sales literature, and other promotional materials describing and/or relating
to the Portfolios;
• paying expenses of holding seminars and sales meetings designed to
promote the distribution of the
shares;
• paying expenses of obtaining information and providing explanations
to Contract owners regarding
investment objectives, policies, performance and other information about the
Trust and its Portfolios;
• paying expenses of training sales personnel regarding the Portfolios;
and
• providing other services and bearing other expenses for the benefit
of the Portfolios, including
activities primarily intended to result in the sale of shares of the Trust.
Section 3. This Plan shall not take effect until it has been approved by votes
of the majority (or whatever
greater percentage may, from time to time, be required by Section 12(b) of
the Act or the rules and regulations thereunder) of both (a) the Trustees, and (b) the Independent Trustees cast in person at a
meeting called for the purpose of voting on this Plan. If adopted with respect to a Portfolio after the public offering of shares
of that Portfolio (or the sale of shares to persons who are not affiliated persons of the Portfolio, affiliated persons of such
persons, affiliated persons of the promoter or affiliated persons of such persons), the Plan shall not take effect until it has
been approved by a vote of at least a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Portfolio. Any agreement related to
the Plan must be approved by votes of the majority (or whatever greater percentage may, from time to time, be required by Section
12(b) of the Act or the rules and regulations thereunder) of both (a) the Trustees, and (b) the Independent Trustees cast in person
at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on the agreement.
Section 4. To the extent any payments made by a Portfolio pursuant to the Plan
are deemed payments for the financing of any activity primarily intended to result in the sale of shares within the context of
Rule 12b-1 under the Act, such payments shall be deemed to be approved under the Plan. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary,
no Portfolio shall be obligated to make any payments under the Plan that exceed the maximum amounts payable under Rule 2830 of
the Conduct Rules of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., or any successor rule thereto adopted by the Financial
Industry Regulatory Authority.
Section 5. This Plan shall continue in effect for a period of more than one year after it takes effect only so
long as such continuance is specifically approved at least annually in the
manner provided for approval of this Plan in Section 3 hereof.
Section 6. Any person authorized to direct the disposition of monies paid or payable by the shares of the
Trust pursuant to this Plan or any related agreement shall provide to the Board
of Trustees of the Trust, and the Trustees shall review, at least quarterly, a written report of the amounts so expended and the
purposes for which such expenditures were made.
Section 7. This Plan may be terminated at any time with respect to the shares
of any Portfolio by vote of a
majority of the Independent Trustees, or by vote of a majority of the outstanding
voting securities representing the shares of that Portfolio.
All agreements with any person relating to implementation of this Plan with
respect to the shares of any
Portfolio shall be in writing, and any agreement related to this Plan with
respect to the shares of any Portfolio shall provide:
(a) That such agreement may be terminated at any time, without payment of any
penalty, by vote of a
majority of the Independent Trustees or by vote of a majority of the outstanding
voting securities
representing the shares of such Portfolio, on not more than 60 days’
written notice to any other party to
the agreement; and
(b) That such agreement shall terminate automatically in the event of its assignment.
Section 8. This Plan may not be amended to materially increase the amount of
Services and Distribution Fee permitted pursuant to Section 1 hereof with respect to any Portfolio until it has been approved by
a vote of at least a majority of the outstanding voting securities representing the shares of that Portfolio.
Section 9. The Trust shall preserve copies of this Plan, and any related agreement or written report regarding this Plan presented
to the Board of Trustees for a period of not less than six years from the date of the Plan, agreement or written report, as the
case may be, the first two years in an easily accessible place.
Section 10. The provisions of the Plan are severable for each Portfolio of
the Trust, and whenever any action is to be taken with respect to the Plan, such action shall be taken separately for each Portfolio
of the Trust.
Section 11. While the Plan is in effect, the Board of Trustees shall satisfy the fund governance standards as defined in Rule 0-1(a)(7)
under the Act.
Section 12. As used in this Plan, the terms “assignment,” “interested person,” and “majority of the
outstanding voting securities” shall have the respective meanings specified
in the Act and the rules and
regulations thereunder, subject to such exemptions as may be granted by the
Securities and Exchange
Commission.
Schedule A
AST AB Global Bond Portfolio
AST Academic Strategies Asset Allocation Portfolio
AST Advanced Strategies Portfolio
AST AQR Emerging Markets Equity Portfolio
AST AQR Large-Cap Portfolio
AST BlackRock Global Strategies Portfolio
AST BlackRock iShares ETF Portfolio
AST BlackRock Low Duration Bond Portfolio
AST BlackRock/Loomis Sayles Bond Portfolio
AST BlackRock Multi-Asset Income Portfolio
AST Bond Portfolio 2015
AST Bond Portfolio 2016
AST Bond Portfolio 2017
AST Bond Portfolio 2018
AST Bond Portfolio 2019
AST Bond Portfolio 2020
AST Bond Portfolio 2021
AST Bond Portfolio 2022
AST Bond Portfolio 2023
AST Bond Portfolio 2024
AST Bond Portfolio 2025
AST Bond Portfolio 2026
AST Bond Portfolio 2027
AST Boston Partners Large-Cap Value Portfolio
AST ClearBridge Dividend Growth Portfolio
AST Cohen & Steers Realty Portfolio
AST Columbia Adaptive Risk Allocation Portfolio
AST Defensive Asset Allocation Portfolio
AST Emerging Managers Diversified Portfolio
AST FI Pyramis
®
Quantitative Portfolio
AST Franklin Templeton K2 Global Absolute Return Portfolio
AST FQ Absolute Return Currency Portfolio
AST Goldman Sachs Global Growth Allocation Portfolio
AST Goldman Sachs Global Income Portfolio
AST Goldman Sachs Large-Cap Value Portfolio
AST Goldman Sachs Mid-Cap Growth Portfolio
AST Goldman Sachs Multi-Asset Portfolio
AST Goldman Sachs Small-Cap Value Portfolio
AST Goldman Sachs Strategic Income Portfolio
AST Herndon Large-Cap Value Portfolio
AST High Yield Portfolio
AST International Growth Portfolio
AST International Value Portfolio
AST Investment Grade Bond Portfolio
AST Ivy Asset Strategy Portfolio
AST J.P. Morgan Global Thematic Portfolio
AST J.P. Morgan International Equity Portfolio
AST J.P. Morgan Strategic Opportunities Portfolio
AST Jennison Global Infrastructure Portfolio
AST Jennison Large-Cap Growth Portfolio
AST Large-Cap Value Portfolio
AST Legg Mason Diversified Growth Portfolio
AST Loomis Sayles Large-Cap Growth Portfolio
AST Lord Abbett Core Fixed Income Portfolio
AST Mid-Cap Value Portfolio
AST MFS Global Equity Portfolio
AST MFS Growth Portfolio
AST MFS Large-Cap Value Portfolio
AST Money Market Portfolio
AST Morgan Stanley Multi-Asset Portfolio
AST Multi-Sector Fixed Income Portfolio
AST Neuberger Berman Long/Short Portfolio
AST Neuberger Berman/LSV Mid-Cap Value Portfolio
AST New Discovery Asset Allocation Portfolio
AST Parametric Emerging Markets Equity Portfolio
AST Prudential Core Bond Portfolio
AST Prudential Flexible Multi-Strategy Portfolio
AST Prudential Growth Allocation Portfolio
AST QMA Emerging Markets Equity Portfolio
AST QMA International Core Equity Portfolio
AST QMA Large-Cap Portfolio
AST QMA US Equity Alpha Portfolio
AST RCM World Trends Portfolio
AST Schroders Global Tactical Portfolio
AST Small-Cap Growth Portfolio
AST Small-Cap Growth Opportunities Portfolio
AST Small-Cap Value Portfolio
AST T. Rowe Price Asset Allocation Portfolio
AST T. Rowe Price Diversified Real Growth Portfolio
AST T. Rowe Price Growth Opportunities Portfolio
AST T. Rowe Price Large-Cap Growth Portfolio
AST T. Rowe Price Natural Resources Portfolio
AST Templeton Global Bond Portfolio
AST Wellington Management Global Bond Portfolio
AST Wellington Management Hedged Equity Portfolio
AST Wellington Management Real Total Return Portfolio
AST Western Asset Core Plus Bond Portfolio
AST Western Asset Emerging Markets Debt Portfolio
ADVANCED SERIES TRUST
AST Bond Portfolio 2027
Notice of Rule 12b-1 Fee Waiver
THIS NOTICE OF RULE 12B-1 FEE WAIVER
is signed as of December 21, 2015, by PRUDENTIAL ANNUITIES DISTRIBUTORS, INC. (PAD), the principal underwriter of the shares of
each Portfolio of the Advanced Series Trust, an open-end management investment company (the Trust).
WHEREAS, PAD desires to waive a portion
of its distribution and shareholder services fees (Rule 12b-1 fees) payable by the AST Bond Portfolio 2027 (the Portfolio) of the
Trust; and
WHEREAS, PAD understands and intends
that the Trust will rely on this Notice and agreement in preparing a registration statement on Form N-1A and in accruing the Portfolio’s
expenses for purposes of calculating net asset value and for other purposes, and expressly permits the Trust to do so; and
WHEREAS, shareholders of the Portfolio
will benefit from the ongoing contractual waiver by incurring lower operating expenses than they would absent such waiver.
NOW, THEREFORE, PAD hereby provides notice
that it has agreed to limit the distribution and service fees (Rule 12b-1 fees) incurred the Portfolio of the Trust pursuant to
the waiver schedule set forth below:
Average Daily Net Assets of Portfolio
|
Distribution and Service Fee
(12b-1 Fee) Rate Including Waiver
|
Up to and including $300 million
|
0.25% (no waiver)
|
Over $300 million up to and including $500 million
|
0.23%
|
Over $500 million up to and including $750 million
|
0.22%
|
Over $750 million
|
0.21%
|
This contractual waiver schedule, as set forth above, shall
not have an expiration or termination date, and may not be modified or discontinued.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, PAD has signed this Notice of Rule 12b-1 Fee Waiver as of the day and year first above written.
PRUDENTIAL ANNUITIES
DISTRIBUTORS, INC.
By:
/s/ Rodney Allain
Name: Rodney Allain
Title: President, PAD
PRUDENTIAL MUTUAL FUNDS
Code of Ethics Adopted Pursuant to Rule
17j-1
Under the Investment Company Act of
1940
(the "
Code"
)
1.
Purposes
This Code has been
adopted by the board of directors/trustees of each fund listed on Exhibit A, on its own behalf and on behalf of each of its series
(each a "Fund" and collectively, the "Funds"), in accordance with Rule 17j-1(c) under the Investment Company
Act of 1940 (the "Act") and in accordance with the following general principles:
(1)
The duty at all times to place
the interests of Fund
shareholders first.
Fund personnel should
scrupulously avoid serving their own personal interests ahead of shareholders' interests in any decision relating to their personal
investments.
(2)
The requirement that all personal
securities transactions be conducted consistent with the Code and in such a manner as to avoid any actual or potential conflict
of interest or any abuse of an individual's position of trust and responsibility.
Fund personnel must
not only seek to achieve technical compliance with the Code but should strive to abide by its spirit and the principles articulated
herein.
(3)
The fundamental standard that
Fund
personnel should not take inappropriate advantage of their positions.
Fund personnel must
avoid any situation that might compromise, or call into question, their exercise of fully independent judgment in the interest
of shareholders, including, but not limited to the receipt of unusual investment opportunities, perquisites, or gifts of more than
a
de minimis
value from persons doing or seeking business with the Fund.
Rule 17j-1 under the
Act generally proscribes fraudulent or manipulative practices with respect to a purchase or sale of a security held or to be acquired
(as such term is defined in Section 2 of the Code) by an investment company, if effected by an affiliated person of such company.
The purpose of the
Code is to establish procedures consistent with the Act and Rule 17j-1 to give effect to the following general prohibitions as
set forth in Rule 17j-1(b) as follows:
It shall be unlawful
for any affiliated person of or principal underwriter for a Fund, or any affiliated person of an investment adviser of or principal
underwriter for a Fund in connection with the purchase or sale, directly or indirectly, by the person of a security held or to
be acquired by the Fund:
(1) To employ any
device, scheme or artifice to defraud the Fund;
(2) To make any untrue
statement of a material fact to the Fund or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made to the
Fund, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading;
(3) To engage in
any act, practice, or course of business which operates or would operate as a fraud or deceit upon the Fund; or
(4) To engage in
any manipulative practice with respect to the Fund.
2.
Definitions
(a) "Access
Person" means any director, trustee, officer, general partner or Advisory Person (including any Investment Personnel, as that
term is defined herein) of the Fund, the Manager, the Adviser/ Subadviser, or the Principal Underwriter.
(b) "Adviser/Subadviser"
means the Adviser or a Subadviser, if any, of the Fund or both as the context may require.
(c) "Advisory
Person" means (i) any employee of the Fund, Manager or Adviser/Subadviser (or of any company in a control relationship to
the Fund, Manager or Adviser/Subadviser) who, in connection with his or her regular functions or duties, makes, participates in,
or obtains current or pending information regarding the purchase or sale of a security by the Fund, or whose functions relate to
the making of any recommendations with respect to such purchases or sales; and (ii) any natural person in a control relationship
to the Fund who obtains information concerning recommendations made to the Fund with regard to the purchase or sale of a security.
(d) "Beneficial
Ownership" will be interpreted in the same manner as it would be under Securities Exchange Act Rule 16a-1(a)(2) in determining
which security holdings of a person are subject to the reporting and short-swing profit provisions of Section 16 of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 and the rules and regulations thereunder, except that the determination of direct or indirect beneficial ownership
will apply to all securities which an Access Person has or acquires (Exhibit B).
(e) "Complex"
means the group of registered investment companies for which Prudential Investments LLC and/or AST Investment Services, Inc. serve
as investment manager; provided, however, that with respect to Access Persons of the Manager or Subadviser (including any unit
or subdivision thereof), "Complex" means the group of registered investment companies in the Complex advised by the Manager
or such Subadviser or unit or subdivision thereof or to which an Access Person is deemed to have access. A list of such registered
investment companies will be maintained by the Compliance Officer.
(f) "Compliance
Officer" means the person or persons (including his or her designees) designated by the Manager, the Adviser/Subadviser, or
Principal Underwriter, respectively, as having responsibility for compliance with the requirements of the Code.
(g) "Control"
will have the same meaning as that set forth in
Section 2(a)(9) of the Act.
(h) "Director"
means a director or trustee of a Fund, and includes a committee member for any Fund organized as a managed separate account.
(i) "Independent
Director" means a Director of the Fund who is not an "interested person" of the Fund within the meaning of Section
2(a)(19) of the Act.
(j) “Initial Public Offering”
means an offering of securities registered under the Securities Act of 1933, the issuer of which, immediately before the registration,
was not subject to the reporting requirements of sections 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
(k) "Investment
Personnel" means: (a) Portfolio Managers and other Advisory Persons who provide investment information and/or advice to the
Portfolio Manager(s) and/or help execute the Portfolio Manager's(s') investment decisions, including securities analysts and traders;
(b) any natural person in a control relationship to the Fund who obtains information concerning recommendations made to the Fund
with regard to the purchase or sale of a security; and (c) certain other individuals as designated by the Compliance Officer.
(l) "Manager"
means Prudential Investments LLC, and, with respect to Advanced Series Trust, AST Investment Services, Inc. and Prudential Investments
LLC.
(m) “Mutual Fund Code of
Ethics/Personal Securities Trading Committee” or “Committee” means a specified group of Business Unit, Compliance,
and Human Resources executives or their designees who are responsible for interpreting and administering the Code, including but
not limited to, reviewing violations of the Code and determining any sanctions or other disciplinary actions that may be deemed
appropriate.
1
In addition, the Committee may waive and or modify violations and sanctions or other disciplinary actions
at its discretion when deemed appropriate by the Committee.
The Committee will review such violations
in consultation with legal counsel. A list of such Committee members shall be maintained by the Compliance Officer.
(n) “Non-Management Interested
Director” means an “interested person” of the Fund within the meaning of Section 2(a)(19) of the Act who serves
as a Director of the Fund but is not an officer of the Fund, or a director, officer or employee of the Manager or any affiliate
of the Manager.
(o) “Non-proprietary Registered
Open-end Investment Company” or “Non-proprietary Fund” means any registered open-end investment company whose
registered investment adviser is an entity other than AST Investment Services, Inc. or Prudential Investments LLC.
(p) "Portfolio
Manager" means any Advisory Person who has the direct responsibility and authority to make investment decisions for the Fund.
(q) “Private Placement”
means a limited offering that is exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933 pursuant to section 4(2) or section
4(6) or pursuant to rule 504, rule 505 or rule 506 under the Securities Act of 1933.
(r) “Profits” means
any total or partial gain realized from a securities transaction or group of transactions as defined by the Mutual Fund Code of
Ethics/Personal Securities Trading Committee.
(s) “Proprietary Registered
Open-End Investment Company” or “Proprietary Fund” means a registered open-end investment company for which Prudential
Investments LLC and/or AST Investment Services, Inc. act as the investment adviser, with the exception of proprietary money market
open-end registered investment companies or any other open-end registered investment companies identified by the Compliance Officer.
2
(t) "Security"
will have the meaning set forth in Section 2(a)(36) of the Act, except that it will not include shares of Non-proprietary Registered
Open-end Investment Companies, other than exchange traded funds; money market registered open-end investment companies; bankers'
acceptances; bank certificates of deposit; commercial paper and such other money market instruments as are designated by the Compliance
Officer. For purposes of the Code, an "equivalent Security" is one that has a substantial economic relationship to another
Security. This would include, among other things, (1) a Security that is exchangeable for or convertible into another Security,
(2) with respect to an equity Security,
a Security having the same issuer (including
a private issue by the same issuer) and any derivative, option or warrant relating to that Security and (3) with respect to a fixed-income
Security, a Security having the same issuer, maturity, coupon and rating.
(u) “Security
held or to be acquired” means any Security or any equivalent Security which, within the most recent 15 days: (1) is or has
been held by the Fund; or (2) is being considered by the Fund or its investment adviser for purchase by the Fund.
3.
Applicability
The Code applies to
all Access Persons, except that Access Persons covered by more than one Code of Ethics meeting the requirements of Rule 17j-1 may
be governed by the provisions of such other Code of Ethics and report all transactions pursuant to the terms of such other Code
of Ethics provided that such Code was reviewed and approved by the Board of Directors of the Fund. The Compliance Officer shall
ensure that each Access Person subject to this Code receives a copy of the Code. The Compliance Officer will maintain a list of
all Access Persons who are currently, and within the past five years, subject to the Code.
4.
Prohibited Purchases and
Sales
The requirements of
this Section 4 only apply to a transaction in a security in which the designated Access Person has, or by reason of such transaction
acquires, any direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership.
The requirements of
this Section 4 shall not apply to Independent Directors or Non-Management Interested Directors.
Except as provided
in Section 5 below, Investment Personnel and certain other individuals identified by the Compliance Officer are required to hold
Proprietary Funds
purchased for a period of 60 days. In addition,
such persons are required to hold certain Non-proprietary Funds, for which they have access to information, for a period of 60
days after purchase. Profits realized on such transactions that do not adhere to the requirements of this Section may be required
to be disgorged to the Fund or as otherwise deemed appropriate by the Committee.
B.
Initial
Public Offerings
Investment Personnel
may not acquire any Securities in an initial public offering. For purposes of this restriction, "Initial Public Offerings"
shall not include offerings of government and municipal securities.
C.
Private
Placements
No Access Person may
acquire any Securities in a Private Placement without prior approval.
(i) Prior
approval must be obtained in accordance with the preclearance procedure described in Section 6 below. Such approval will take into
account, among other factors, whether the investment opportunity should be reserved for the Funds and whether the opportunity is
being offered to the Access Person by virtue of his or her position with the Fund. The Adviser/Subadviser shall maintain a record
of such prior approval, and reason for same, for at least 5 years after the end of the fiscal year in which the approval is granted.
(ii) Access
Persons who have been authorized to acquire Securities in a Private Placement must disclose that investment to the chief investment
officer (including his or her designee) of the
Adviser/Subadviser (or of any unit
or subdivision thereof) or the Compliance Officer when he or she plays a part in any subsequent consideration of an investment
by the Fund in the issuer. In such circumstances, a Fund's decision to purchase Securities of the issuer will be subject to an
independent review by appropriate personnel with no personal interest in the issuer.
D.
Blackout
Periods
(i) Except
as provided in Section 5 below, Access Persons are prohibited from executing a Securities transaction on a day during which any
investment company in the Complex has a pending "buy" or "sell" order in the same or an equivalent Security
and until such time as that order is executed or withdrawn.
This prohibition
shall not apply to Access Persons of the Manager, Principal Underwriter, and Adviser/Subadviser who do not, in the ordinary course
of fulfilling their official duties, have access to current or pending information regarding the purchase and sale of Securities
for the Fund and are not engaged in the day-to-day trading operations of the Fund; provided that Securities investments effected
by such Access Persons during the proscribed period are not effected with knowledge of the purchase or sale of the same or equivalent
Securities by any Fund in the Complex.
A "pending
'buy' or 'sell' order" exists when a decision to purchase or sell a Security has been made and communicated. However, this
prohibition shall not apply to a “pending ‘buy’or ‘sell’ order” in the same or an equivalent
Security in a
broad based index Fund.
3
(ii) Portfolio
Managers are prohibited from buying or selling a Security within seven calendar days before or after a Fund in the same Complex
trades in the same or an equivalent Security. Nevertheless, a personal trade by any Investment Personnel shall not prevent a Fund
in the same Complex from trading in the same or an equivalent security. However, such a transaction shall be subject to independent
review by the Compliance Officer. This prohibition shall not apply to purchases and sales executed in a broad based index Fund.
(iii) If
trades are effected during the periods proscribed in (i) or (ii) above, except as provided in (iv) below with respect to (i) above,
Profits realized on such trades will be promptly required to be disgorged to the Fund or a charitable organization approved by
the Committee.
(iv) A transaction
by Access Persons (other than Investment Personnel) inadvertently effected during the period proscribed in (i) above will not be
considered a violation of the Code and disgorgement will not be required so long as the transaction was effected in accordance
with the preclearance procedures described in Section 6 below and without prior knowledge of trading by any Fund in the Complex
in the same or an equivalent Security.
E.
Short-Term
Trading Profits
Except as
provided in Section 5 below, Investment Personnel are prohibited from profiting from a purchase and sale, or sale and purchase,
of the same or an equivalent Security within any 60 calendar day period. For purposes of this prohibition, Security shall exclude
Proprietary Funds and Non-proprietaryFunds, certain broad-based exchange traded funds, including options on those funds, and securities
that would not be generally ineligible for purchase by the strategy managed by the Complex.
4
If trades are effected
during the proscribed period, Profits realized on such trades will be promptly required to be disgorged to the Fund or a charitable
organization approved by the Committee.
F. Short Sales
No Access
Person may sell any security short that is owned by any Fund in the Complex. Access Persons may, however, make short sales when
he/she owns an equivalent amount of the same security.
G. Options
No Access
Person may write a naked call option or buy a naked put option on a security owned by any Fund in the Complex. Access Persons may
purchase options on securities not held by any Fund in the Complex, or purchase call options or write put options on securities
owned by any Fund in the Complex, subject to preclearance and the same restrictions applicable to other Securities. Access Persons
may write covered call options or buy covered put options on a Security owned by any Fund in the Complex at the discretion of the
Compliance Officer.
H. Investment Clubs
No Access Person may
participate in an investment club.
5.
Exempted Transactions
The requirements of
Section 4.A. above will not apply to subparagraphs (a), (c), (d), (i), (j), and (k) hereof. In addition, subject to preclearance
in accordance with Section 6 below with respect to subparagraphs (b), (e), (f), (g) and (i) hereof, the prohibitions of Sections
4.D. and 4.E., will not apply to the following:
(a) Purchases or
sales of Securities effected in any account over which the Access Person has no direct or indirect influence or control or in any
account of the Access Person which is managed on a discretionary basis by a person other than such Access Person and with respect
to which such Access Person does not in fact influence or control such transactions.
5
(b) Purchases or
sales of Securities (or their equivalents) which are generally not eligible for purchase or sale by any Fund in the Complex given
its underlying strategy.
(c) Purchases or
sales of Securities which are non-volitional on the part of either the Access Person or any Fund in the Complex.
(d) Purchases of
Securities, which are part of an automatic dividend reinvestment plan.
(e) Purchases effected
upon the exercise of rights issued by an issuer pro rata to all holders of a class of its Securities, to the extent such rights
were acquired from such issuer, and sales of such rights so acquired.
(f) Any equity
Securities transaction, or series of related transactions effected over a 30 calendar day period, involving 500 shares or less
in the aggregate, if the Access Person has no prior knowledge of activity in such security by any Fund in the Complex and the security
meets any additional criteria deemed pertinent by Compliance.
6
(g) Any fixed-income
Securities transaction, or series of related transactions effected over a 30 calendar day period, involving 100 units ($100,000
principal amount) or less in the aggregate, if the Access Person has no prior knowledge of transactions in such Securities by any
Fund in the Complex.
(h) Any transaction
in index options effected on a broad-based
index.
7
(i) Purchases or
sales of Securities which receive the prior approval of the Compliance Officer (such person having no personal interest in such
purchases or sales), based on a determination that no abuse is involved and that such purchases and sales are not likely to have
any economic impact on any Fund in the Complex or on its ability to purchase or sell Securities of the same class or other Securities
of the same issuer. With respect to the requirements of Section 4.A. above, the Compliance Officer may approve certain hardship
or other exceptions.
(j)
Purchases or sales of unit investment trusts. However, purchases or
sales of exchange traded funds, including those registered as unit investment trusts, are required to be precleared in accordance
with Section 6 below.
(k)
Purchases or sales of Securities that are part of an automatic investment/withdrawal
program or that result from automatic rebalancing.
(l)
Purchases or sales of mortgage backed securities, foreign currency
options and agency securities.
8
6.
Preclearance
Access Persons (other
than Independent Directors and Non-Management Interested Directors) must preclear all personal Securities investments with the
exception of those identified in subparts (a), (c), (d), (h), (j), (k), and (l) of Section 5 and Section 4.A. above.
All requests for preclearance
must be submitted to the Compliance Officer for approval. All approved orders must be executed by the close of business on the
day in which preclearance is granted; provided, however that approved orders for Securities traded in foreign markets may be executed
within two (2) business days from the date preclearance is granted.
If any order is not timely
executed, a request for preclearance must be resubmitted.
7. Reporting
(a) Independent
Directors shall report to the Secretary of the Fund the information described in Section 7(b) hereof with respect to transactions
in any Security in which such Independent Director has, or by reason of such transaction acquires, any direct or indirect Beneficial
Ownership in the Security only if such Independent Director, at the time of that transaction knew or, in the ordinary course of
fulfilling his or her official duties as a Director of the Fund, should have known that, during the 15-day period immediately preceding
or subsequent to the date of the transaction in a Security by such Director, such Security is or was purchased or sold by the Fund
or was being considered for purchase or sale by the Fund, the Manager or Adviser/Subadviser; provided, however, that an Independent
Director is not required to make a report with respect to transactions effected in any account over which such Director does not
have any direct or indirect influence or control or in any account of the Independent Director which is managed on a discretionary
basis by a person other than such Director and with respect to which such Director does not in fact influence or control such transactions.
The Secretary of the Fund shall maintain such reports and such other records to the extent required by Rule 17j-1 under the Act.
(b) Every report
required by Section 7(a) hereof shall be made not later than 30 days after the end of the calendar quarter in which the transaction
to which the report relates was effected, and shall contain the following information:
(i) The date
of the transaction, the title, the interest rate and maturity date (if applicable), the number of shares and the principal amount
of each Security involved;
(ii) The nature
of the transaction (i.e., purchase, sale or any other type of acquisition or disposition);
(iii) The price
at which the transaction was effected;
(iv) The name
of the broker, dealer or bank with or through whom the transaction was effected; and
(v) The
date that the report is submitted.
(c) Any such report may contain
a statement that the report shall not be construed as an admission by the person making such report that he or she has any direct
or indirect Beneficial Ownership in the Security to which the report relates.
8.
Records of Securities Transactions
and Post-Trade Review
With the exception
of accounts identified in Section 5(a), Access Persons (other than Independent Directors) are required to direct their brokers
to supply, on a timely basis, duplicate copies of confirmations of all personal Securities transactions and copies of periodic
statements for all Securities accounts in which such Access Persons have a Beneficial Ownership interest to the Compliance Officer.
Such instructions must be made upon becoming an Access Person and promptly as new accounts are established, but no later than 30
days after the end of a calendar quarter, with respect to any account established by the Access Person in which any securities
were held during the quarter for the direct or indirect beneficial interest of the Access Person. Notification must be made in
writing and a copy of the notification must be submitted to Compliance. This notification will include the broker, dealer or bank
with which the account was established and the date the account was established.
Compliance with this
Code requirement will be deemed to satisfy the reporting requirements imposed on Access Persons under Rule 17j-1(d), provided,
however, that
such confirmations and statements contain
all the information required by Section 7. b. hereof and are furnished within the time period required by such section.
The Compliance Officer
will periodically review the personal investment activity of all Access Persons (including Independent Directors with respect to
Securities transactions reported pursuant to Section 7 above) and holdings reports of all Access Persons.
9.
Disclosure of Personal
Holdings
Within ten days after
an individual first becomes an Access Person and thereafter on an annual basis, each Access Person (other than Independent Directors)
must disclose all personal Securities holdings with the exception of accounts identified in Section 5(a). Such disclosure must
be made in writing and be current as of a date no more than 45 days prior to the date the individual first became an Access Person
with respect to the initial report and include information that is current within the previous 45 days, with respect to the annual
report. All such reports shall include the following: title, number of shares and principal amount of each security held; name
of broker, dealer or bank with whom these securities are held; and the date of submission by the Access Person.
10. Gifts
Access Persons are
prohibited from receiving any gift or other thing, which would be considered excessive in value from any person or entity that
does business with or on behalf of the Fund. Occasional business meals or entertainment (theatrical or sporting events, etc.) are
permitted so long as they are not excessive in number or cost.
11.
Service As a Director
Investment Personnel
are prohibited from serving on the boards of directors of publicly traded companies, absent prior authorization based upon a determination
that the board service would be consistent with the interests of the Fund and its shareholders. In the limited instances that such
board service is authorized, Investment Personnel will be isolated from those making investment decisions affecting transactions
in Securities issued by any publicly traded company on whose board such Investment Personnel serves as a director through the use
of "Chinese Wall" or other procedures designed to address the potential conflicts of interest.
12.
Certification of Compliance
with the Code
Access Persons are
required to certify annually as follows:
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(i)
|
that they have read and understood the Code;
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(ii)
|
that they recognize that they are subject to the Code;
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(iii) that they have complied
with the requirements of the Code; and
|
(iv)
|
that they have disclosed or reported all personal Securities transactions
required to be disclosed or reported pursuant to the requirements of the Code.
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13. Code Violations and Sanctions
All violations of the
Code will be reviewed by the Committee. The Committee will determine any sanctions or other disciplinary actions that may be deemed
appropriate. All material violations and corresponding sanctions and/or disciplinary action will be reported to the Board of Directors
of the Fund on a quarterly basis.
The Board of Directors may take action
as it deems appropriate, in addition to any
action previously taken by the Committee.
14.
Review by the Board of
Directors
The Board of Directors
will be provided with a report, no less frequently than annually, which at a minimum:
(i) certifies to the
Board that the Fund, Manager, Investment Adviser/Subadviser, and Principal Underwriter have adopted procedures reasonably necessary
to prevent its Access Persons from violating its Code;
(ii) summarizes existing
procedures concerning personal investing and any changes in the procedures made during the preceding year;
(iii) identifies material
Code or procedural violations and sanctions imposed in response to those material violations; and
(iv) identifies any
recommended changes in existing restrictions or procedures based upon the Fund's experience under the Code, evolving industry practices,
or developments in applicable laws and regulations.
The Board will review
such report and determine if any further action is required.
Explanatory Notes to Code
1. No comparable
Code requirements have been imposed upon Prudential Mutual Fund Services LLC, the Fund's transfer agent, or those of its directors
or officers who are not Directors or officers of the Funds since they are deemed not to constitute Access Persons or Advisory Persons
as defined in paragraphs (e)(1) and (2) of Rule 17j-1.
Exhibit A
Prudential Funds
Prudential Insurance Funds:
The Prudential
Series Fund
Advanced Series Trust
Prudential's
Gibraltar Fund, Inc
.
Prudential Retail Funds:
Prudential Global Total Return Fund, Inc..
Prudential Investment Portfolios, Inc.
Prudential Investment Portfolios 2
Prudential Investment Portfolios 3
Prudential Investment Portfolios 4
Prudential Investment Portfolios 5
Prudential Investment Portfolios 6
Prudential Investment Portfolios 7
Prudential Investment Portfolios 8
Prudential Investment Portfolios 9
Prudential Investment Portfolios, Inc. 10
Prudential Investment Portfolios 12
Prudential Investment Portfolios, Inc. 14
Prudential Investment Portfolios, Inc. 15
Prudential Investment Portfolios, Inc. 16
Prudential Investment Portfolios, Inc. 17
Prudential Investment Portfolios, Inc. 18Prudential Jennison Blend
Fund, Inc.
Prudential Jennison Mid-Cap Growth Fund, Inc.
Prudential Jennison Natural Resources Fund, Inc.
Prudential Jennison Small Company Fund, Inc.
Prudential Moneymart Assets, Inc.
Prudential National Muni Fund, Inc.
Prudential Sector Funds, Inc.
Prudential Short-term Corporate Bond Fund, Inc.
Prudential World Fund, Inc.
The Target Portfolio Trust
The Prudential Variable Contract Account -2
The Prudential Variable Contract Account -10
The Prudential Variable Contract Account -10
Prudential Short Duration High Yield Fund, Inc.
Prudential Global Short Duration High Yield Fund, Inc.
Prudential Real Estate Income Fund, Inc.
Exhibit B
Definition of Beneficial Ownership
The term "beneficial
ownership" of securities would include not only ownership of securities held by an access person for his or her own benefit,
whether in bearer form or registered in his or her own name or otherwise, but also ownership of securities held for his or her
benefit by other (regardless of whether or how they are registered) such as custodians, brokers, executors, administrators, or
trustees (including trusts in which he or she has only a remainder interest), and securities held for his or her account by pledges,
securities owned by a partnership in which he or she should regard as a personal holding corporation. Correspondingly, this term
would exclude securities held by an access person for the benefit of someone else.
Ordinarily, this term would
not include securities held by executors or administrators in estates in which an access person is a legatee or beneficiary unless
there is a specific legacy to such person of such securities or such person is the sole legatee or beneficiary and there are other
assets in the estate sufficient to pay debts ranking ahead of such legacy, or the securities are held in the estate more than a
year after the decedent's death.
Securities held in the name
of another should be considered as "beneficially" owned by an access person where such person enjoys "benefits substantially
equivalent to ownership". The SEC has said that although the final determination of beneficial ownership is a question to
be determined in the light of the facts of the particular case, generally a person is regarded as the beneficial owner of securities
held in the name of his or her spouse and their minor children. Absent special circumstances such relationship ordinarily results
in such person obtaining benefits substantially equivalent to ownership, e.g., application of the income derived from such securities
to maintain a common home, to meet expenses which such person otherwise would meet from other sources, or the ability to exercise
a controlling influence over the purchase, sale or voting of such securities.
An access person also may
be regarded as the beneficial owner of securities held in the name of another person, if by reason of any contact, understanding,
relationship, agreement or other arrangement, he obtains therefrom benefits substantially equivalent to those of ownership. Moreover,
the fact that the holder is a relative or relative of a spouse and sharing the same home as an access person may in itself indicate
that the access person would obtain benefits substantially equivalent to those of ownership from securities held in the name of
such relative. Thus, absent countervailing facts, it is expected that securities held by relatives who share the same home as an
access person will be treated as being beneficially owned by the access person.
An
access person also is regarded as the beneficial owner of securities held in the name of a spouse, minor children or other person,
even though he does not obtain therefrom the aforementioned benefits of ownership, if he can vest or revest title in himself at
once or at some future time.
1
Each Committee member will recommend a designee. The Committee must approve each designee who should generally be a direct
report of the Committee member at a senior level. A designee may attend meetings and vote on Committee matters in the member’s
absence.
2
The Compliance Officer will maintain a list of such exempt
open-end registered investment companies
.
3
A list of such Funds shall be maintained by the Compliance Officer.
4
In certain situations, the short term trading rule may only apply to the
universe of securities to which the Investment Personnel have access.
Compliance
will maintain the criteria for determining which exchange traded funds are broad based and; therefore, exempt from the short term
trading rule. Ineligible securities are securities that would not generally be traded by a Complex given its underlying strategy.
5
Includes trust accounts for which the Access Person acts only in the capacity of grantor or beneficiary.
6
Compliance will maintain a record of additional de minimis
criteria.
7
A list of such indices will be maintained by the Compliance Officer.
8
This exemption applies to all Access Persons except certain identified
Investment Personnel.
ATTACHMENT E to the Compliance Manual
CODE
OF ETHICS
1. General Provisions
1.1 Professional Responsibilities.
HCM is registered as an investment
adviser with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the provisions of Section 203 of the Investment Advisers Act of
1940 (the “Advisers Act”). HCM is dedicated to providing effective and proper professional investment management services
to a wide variety of institutional and individual advisory clients. HCM’s reputation is a reflection of the quality of our
employees and their dedication to excellence in serving our clients. To ensure these qualities and dedication to excellence, our
employees must possess the requisite qualifications of experience, education, intelligence, and judgment necessary to effectively
serve as investment management professionals. In addition, every employee is expected to demonstrate the highest standards of moral
and ethical conduct for continued employment with HCM.
HCM serves as investment manager
for institutional advisory clients. When used herein, the term “client” includes
any investment company assets
of which HCM manages, co-manages or for which it otherwise provides portfolio management services, and to institutional investors
for whom HCM provides investment supervisory services or manages investment advisory accounts.
The SEC and the courts have stated
that portfolio management professionals, including registered investment advisers, have a fiduciary responsibility to their clients.
In the context of securities investments, fiduciary responsibility should be thought of as the duty to place the interests of the
client before that of the person providing investment advice, and failure to do so may render the adviser in violation of the anti-fraud
provisions of the Advisers Act. Fiduciary responsibility also includes the duty to disclose material facts that might influence
an investor’s decision to purchase or refrain from purchasing a security recommended by the adviser or from engaging the
adviser to manage the client’s investments. The SEC has made it clear that the duty of an investment adviser not to engage
in fraudulent conduct includes an obligation to disclose material facts to clients. An adviser’s duty to disclose material
facts is particularly important whenever the advice given to clients involves a conflict or potential conflict of interest between
the employees of the adviser and its clients.
HCM
is required to adopt
a Code of Ethics pursuant to Rule 204A-1 of the Advisers Act and Rule 17j-1 of the Investment Company
Act of 1940. This Code of Ethics is based on the principle that HCM and each of its employees owe a fiduciary duty to its clients
and a duty to comply with federal and state securities laws and all other applicable laws.
In meeting its fiduciary responsibilities
to our clients, HCM has promulgated this Code of Conduct (the “Code”) regarding the purchase and/or sale of securities
in the personal accounts of our employees or in those accounts in which our employees may have a direct or indirect beneficial
interest.
The provisions of this Code are not
meant to be all-inclusive but are intended as a guide for employees of HCM in the conduct of their personal securities trading.
It is also intended to lessen the chance of any misunderstanding between HCM and our employees regarding such trading activities.
In those situations where employees may be uncertain as to the intent or purpose of this Code, they are advised to consult with
the Chief Compliance Officer (“CCO”) or a member of the HCM Compliance team. HCM Compliance may under circumstances
that are considered appropriate, or after consultation with the Management Committee, excluding any members impacted by the decision,
grant exceptions to the provisions contained in this policy/procedure only when it is clear that the interests of HCM’s clients
will not be adversely affected. All questions arising in connection with personal securities trading should be resolved in favor
of the interest of the clients even at the expense of the interest of our employees. The Management Committee will satisfy themselves
as to the adherence to this policy through periodic communications with HCM Compliance.
HCM utilizes the Compliance 11 system
for monitoring personal securities transactions and other required compliance reporting. Compliance 11 is an automated compliance
monitoring application that receives direct transaction feeds from associate brokerage accounts and HCM’s order management
system, Bloomberg AIM.
In addition to this Code of Ethics,
HCM has made the decision to apply the CFA Institute’s Code of Ethics and Standards of Professional Conduct (“CFA Code”)
to all associates of HCM. This decision has been made as a result of the CFA Code’s broad principal based scope and the expectation
that all HCM associates are held to this standard, not just CFA holders. The CFA Code is an Addendum to this Code.
1.2 Failure to Comply with the Provisions
of the Code – Sanctions.
Strict compliance with the provisions
of this Code shall be considered a basic condition of employment with HCM. It is important that employees understand the reasons
for compliance with this Code. HCM’s reputation for fair and honest dealing with its clients and the investment community
in general, has taken considerable time to build. This standing could be seriously damaged as the result of even a single security
transaction considered questionable in light of the fiduciary duty owed to our clients. Employees are urged to seek the advice
of HCM Compliance for any questions as to the application of this Code to their individual circumstances. Employees should also
understand that a material breach of the provisions of this Code may constitute grounds for termination of employment with HCM.
Please refer to Section 19 for more detail regarding sanctions.
2. Applicability of Restrictions and
Procedures of this Code.
2.1 Advisory Representatives.
Rule 204-2(a)(12) of the Advisers
Act requires generally that any partner, officer or director of HCM, or any
associate
who makes, participates in making,
or whose activities relate to making any recommendation as to the purchase and/or sale of securities must report his/her personal
securities transactions not later than 30 calendar days following the end of each calendar quarter. Such persons are collectively
defined under
sub-paragraph (A) of this rule as
"Advisory Representatives"
. This reporting requirement also applies to any employee of HCM who in the course of
his/her duties with HCM is privy to information about securities that are being considered by any advisory representative for purchase
by our clients.
2.2 Access Persons
Rule 204A-1 defines
“Access
Persons”
as employees who are in a position to exploit information about client securities transactions or holdings,
thus provides the adviser with a tool to protect its clients. All HCM employees are currently considered Access persons. An access
person is presumed to be a beneficial owner of securities that are held by his/her immediate family members sharing the access
person’s household. HCM requires that all access persons must report their personal securities transactions not later than
30 calendar days following each calendar quarter.
HCM’s Board of Directors are
excluded from being
“access persons”
, as none are involved in the day to day activities of our company and are
not in a position to exploit information about client securities transactions or holdings.
2.3 Associated Persons
Inasmuch as some of our employees
are involved in purely administrative duties not involving investment advisory services, they may not be considered to be Access
Persons, although all HCM employees are considered Access Persons at this time. However, certain activities under the Advisers
Act apply to
all
employees of HCM. For those activities under the Advisers Act or any provisions of this Code that apply
to
all
employees of HCM, the term “Associate” or “Associated Person” will be used to collectively
describe such employees. For example, a computer specialist who is not otherwise involved in managing client accounts or providing
investment advisory services, is nevertheless subject to the provisions of the Advisers Act, and this Code with respect to trading
on insider or privileged information.
3. Securities Subject to the Provisions
of this code:
3.1 Covered Securities.
Section 202(a)(18) of the Advisers
Act, and Rule 17j-1 of the Investment Company Act define the term
“Security”
as follows:
Any note, stock, treasury stock,
bond, debenture, evidence of indebtedness, certificate of interest or participation in any profit-sharing agreement, collateral-trust
certificate, pre-organization certificate or subscription, transferable share, investment contract, voting-trust certificate, certificate
of deposit for a security, fractional undivided interest in oil, gas or other mineral rights, any put, call straddle, option, or
privilege on any security (including a certificate of deposit) or on any group or index of securities (including any interest therein
or based on the value thereof), or any put, call straddle, option or privilege entered into on a national securities exchange relating
to a foreign currency, or in general, any interest or instrument commonly known as a “security” or any certificate
of interest or participation in, temporary or interim certificate for, receipt for, guarantee of, or warrant or right to subscribe
to or purchase, any of the foregoing. Note: exchange traded funds
that are organized as unit investment trusts
are
considered covered securities (examples are: SPDRs, Nasdaq-100 Shares, and DIAMONDS).
For purposes of this Code, the term
“Covered Securities” shall mean all such securities described above except:
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·
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Securities that are direct obligations of the
Government of the United States
;
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·
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Bankers’ acceptances, bank certificates
of deposit, commercial paper and high quality short-term debt instruments, including repurchase agreements;
|
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·
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Shares of money market funds, and open-end
exchange traded funds (“ETFs”);
|
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·
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Transactions and holdings in shares of other
types of open-end mutual funds, unless the adviser or a control affiliate acts as the sub-adviser or principal underwriter for
the fund;
|
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·
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Transactions in units of a unit investment
trust if the unit investment trust is invested exclusively in unaffiliated open-end mutual funds;
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·
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Any transaction exempt from registration not
subject to the prior clearance provisions of this Section.
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Although the term “Covered
Securities” under the Advisers Act represents an all-inclusive list of investment products, for purposes of this Code, the
term will most often apply to those securities listed on any of the nationally recognized stock exchanges. However, if there is
any question by an Access Person as to whether a security is “covered” under this Code, he/she should consult with
HCM Compliance for clarification on the issue before entering any trade for his/her personal account.
In addition to the above restrictions,
no Access Person shall purchase or sell any covered security for any account in which he/she has any beneficial interest, if:
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·
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Such security is being considered for purchase
or sale by the Research Department even though no order(s) has been entered with HCM’s Trading Department;
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·
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There is any possible
conflict of interest or appearance thereof. An Access Person may not execute a securities transaction in his/her account or in
any account in which he/she has a beneficial interest in a direction contrary to that currently recommended by the Research Department.
i.e
. selling a security when the Research Department is recommending the purchase of that security
or vice versa. [Note: This provision may be waived by HCM Compliance in special situations upon
written request by the Access Person.]
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3.2
Securities
not Subject to Restrictions.
Security transactions in accounts
in which the Access Person has a beneficial interest, but over which he/she has no direct or indirect control, are not subject
to the trading restrictions of this Section or the
reporting requirements of sub-section
5.3. and 5.4 of this Code, however, the Access Person should advise HCM Compliance in writing, giving the name of the account,
the person(s) or firm(s) responsible for its management, and the reason for believing that he/she should be exempt from reporting
requirements under this Code.
4. Limitations on Personal Trading by
Access Persons
Personal securities transactions by Access
Persons are subject to the following trading restrictions:
4.1 Pre-clearance
of Transactions.
No Access Person may purchase or
sell any covered domestic equity security without first obtaining prior written clearance from both domestic principals. Prior
written clearance must be received for any covered international security by the international principal. This approval is good
for
one (1) day.
Please note: if approval for domestic securities is not received by both domestic managers then approval
has not been received. Access persons must turn in their Pre-Clearance request via Compliance 11 and be approved by the required
Principals. The principal(s) may reject any proposed trade by an Access Person that: (a) involves a security that is being purchased
or sold by HCM on behalf of any advisory client or is being considered for purchase or sale; (b) is otherwise prohibited under
any internal policies of HCM; (c) breaches the Access Person’s fiduciary duty to any advisory client
(
excluded from
this consideration would be any trading activity due to inflows and outflows of cash, rebalance of excessive cash, wrap transaction
activity, and the removal of portfolio restrictions that would create excess portfolio cash, as these and other activities may
do. Any trading activity of this nature does not require principal input nor the creation of an order ticket for the trading desk);
(d) is otherwise inconsistent with applicable law, including the Advisers Act, the Investment Company Act and the Employment Retirement
Income Security Act of 1974; or (e) creates a conflict of interest or an appearance thereof.
In the event one of the domestic
principals is on vacation, effort should still be made to receive approval. In absence of the vacationing principal's approval,
additional effort will be made to determine if he is trading. The approving principal must feel comfortable with providing approval
on behalf of both principals. If the vacationing principal executes a trade in a client's portfolio later that day of approval
in the same stock, and the access person's execution price is better than that of the portfolio's, the access person will have
to unwind his/her trade as the client should/may not receive a worse price than the access person. The access person will incur
whatever costs/losses that are associated with unwinding the trade. If there are profits associated with the sell they will be
sent to a charity of HCM's choice; the access person may not keep the profits. (Note: this scenario would not be considered a violation
of the Code as procedure was followed.)
It is the responsibility of the principals
to determine for purposes of the application of the restrictions of this sub-paragraph which covered securities are being “considered”.
Additionally, note that the firm has adopted a “de minimus” exemption to the above pre-clearance process for trade
requests of securities meeting the threshold of $5,000 market value or less (exemption does not apply to Options.) A HCM Access
Person is still required to report the trade on their Quarterly Personal Securities Transaction Report via Compliance 11.
As an exception, employee personal
securities transactions that are conducted in a managed brokerage account are exempt from the above pre-clearance procedure as
long as the following conditions are met:
First, the account must be managed
by a financial professional who has complete discretionary authority on the account. Second, the Access Person must acknowledge
this understanding in writing and notify HCM Compliance immediately if there are any changes to the operation of the account. Also,
all documentation of approval for a managed account will be maintained in HCM Compliance within the Access Person’s employee
file and duly noted in the Compliance 11 system.
On an annual basis, Access Persons
must demonstrate that they do not have “direct or indirect influence or control” over any of their managed account(s).
To do so, Access Persons must perform the following tasks in order to remain in compliance with the managed account exception:
provide a year-end holdings statement for each managed account(s), provide a letter from the brokerage firm reaffirming the relationship
between the Access Person and the third-party manager, and complete a separate managed account affirmation on the communications
between the Access Person and the third-party manager in the Compliance 11 system.
4.2 Black-Out Periods
.
No Access Person may trade a security
if a client of HCM is trading that security (subject to the exclusions described above in Pre-clearance of Transactions) or a related
security, or has traded such a security within the past five (5) business days.
4.3 Short Term Trading.
No Access Person of HCM may purchase
and subsequently sell (or sell and purchase) the same security within any 30-day period, unless the reason for such transaction
is approved in advance in writing by the applicable principal(s) per Section 4.1 above, which includes such transaction being necessitated
by an unexpected special circumstance involving the Access Person. The principal shall consider the totality of the circumstances,
including whether the trade would involve a breach of any fiduciary duty, whether it would otherwise be inconsistent with applicable
laws and HCM’s policies and procedures, and whether the trade would create an appearance of impropriety. Based on his/her
consideration of these issues, the principal shall have the sole authority to grant or deny permission to execute the trade. Access
Person must note reason for short term trade activity on the pre-clearance form.
4.4 Potential
Conflicts in Trading by Access Persons for their own Accounts.
In order to avoid any potential conflict
of interest between HCM and its clients, securities transactions for the accounts of Access Persons in the same security as that
purchased/sold for advisory accounts should be entered only after completion of all reasonably anticipated trading in that security
for those accounts, and not on the same day (subject to the exclusions described above in Pre-clearance of Transactions). If there
are extenuating circumstances and the employee needs to trade on the same day of client trades the employee must wait until all
anticipated trading for client account has completed.
5. Securities Reporting By Access Persons
5.1 Application of the Code
of Conduct to Access Persons of HCM
.
The provisions of this Code apply
to every security transaction, in which an Access Person of HCM has, or by reason of such transaction acquires, any direct or indirect
beneficial interest, in any account over which he/she has any direct or indirect control. Generally, an Access Person is regarded
as having a beneficial interest in those securities held in his or her name, the name of his or her spouse, and the names of his
or
her immediate family who reside with
him/her. An Access Person may be regarded as having a beneficial interest in the securities held in the name of another person
(individual, partnership, corporation, trust, custodian, or another entity) if by reason of any contract, understanding, or relationship
he/she obtains or may obtain benefits substantially equivalent to those of ownership. An Access Person does not derive a beneficial
interest by virtue of serving as a trustee or executor unless the person, or a member of his/her immediate family, has a vested
interest in the income or corpus of the trust or estate. However, if a family member is a fee-paying client, the account will be
managed in the same manner as that of all other HCM clients with similar investment objectives.
If an Access Person believes that
he/she should be exempt from the reporting requirements with respect to any account in which he/she has direct or indirect beneficial
ownership, but over which he/she has no direct or indirect control in the management process, he/she should so advise HCM Compliance
in writing, giving the name of the account, the person(s) or firm(s) responsible for its management, and the reason for believing
that he/she should be exempt from reporting requirements under this Code.
5.2 On Becoming an Access Person.
Any employee of HCM who during the
course of his/her employment becomes an Access Person, as that term is defined in sub-section 2.2 of this Code, must provide HCM
Compliance with an
Initial Securities Holdings Report
on Compliance 11 no later than 10 days after the employee becomes
an Access Person. This report must include the following information:
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A list of securities, including the title, number of shares, and principal
amount (if fixed income securities) of each covered security in which the Access Person had any direct or indirect beneficial interest
or ownership as of the date the employee became an Access Person;
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The name of any broker, dealer or bank with
whom the Access Person maintained an account, or in any other account in which securities were held for the direct or indirect
benefit or ownership of the Access Person;
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·
The
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date the report is submitted to the HCM Compliance by the Access Person.
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5.3
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Quarterly Transaction Reports. Rule 204-2(a)(12) of the Advisers Act, and 17j-1 of the Investment
Company Act.
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Every Advisory Representative and/or
Access Person must submit a
Personal Securities Trading Report
to HCM Compliance on Compliance 11 not later than 30 days
after the end of each calendar quarter listing all securities transactions executed during that quarter in the Access Person’s
brokerage account(s) or in any account(s) in which the Access Person may have any direct or indirect beneficial interest or ownership.
The Access Person must also report any new brokerage accounts opened during the quarter on Compliance 11. The quarterly
Personal
Securities Trading Report
must contain the following information:
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The date of each transaction, the name of the
covered security purchased and/or sold, the interest rate and maturity date (if applicable), the number of shares and the principal
amount of the security involved;
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The nature of the transaction (i.e., purchase,
sale or any other type of acquisition or disposition);
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The price at which the covered security was
effected;
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The name of the broker, dealer or bank through
whom the transaction was effected; and
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The date the report is submitted to HCM Compliance
by the Advisory Representative and/or Access Person. (Note: The report must be submitted within 30
calendar days
following
the end of the quarter.)
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Compliance 11 provides on going monitoring
of employees personal securities transactions compared to firm trading activity and reports exceptions to HCM Compliance. Quarterly
securities transaction reports are maintained by HCM Compliance on the Compliance 11 system in accordance with the records retention
provisions of Rule 204-2(e) of the Advisers Act, and 17j-1 of the Investment Company Act.
5.4 Annual Securities Holdings
Report.
Every Access Person must submit an
Annual Personal Securities Holdings Report
to the HCM Compliance via Compliance 11 listing all covered securities held by
the Access Person as of December 31 of each year. The report must be submitted not later than
30
calendar days
following
year-end and must be current as of a date no more than 45 days before the report is submitted. The
Annual Personal Securities
Holding Report
must contain the following information:
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The
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title, number of shares and principal amount (if fixed income securities)
of each covered security in which the Access Person had any direct or indirect beneficial ownership interest or ownership;
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The name of any broker, dealer or bank with
whom the Access Person maintains an account in which any covered securities are held for the direct or indirect benefit of the
Access Person; and
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The date the annual report is submitted by
the Access Person to the HCM Compliance.
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Annual Securities
Holdings reports are maintained by HCM Compliance on the Compliance 11 system in accordance with the records retention provisions
of Rule 204-2(e) of the Advisers Act, and 17j-1 of the Investment Company Act.
All physical certificates or brokerage
accounts without electronic connectivity with Compliance 11 must be manually added to the system to ensure all Access Person’s
holdings are completely attested to during required reporting periods.
In addition to the reporting provisions
of sub-sections 5.3 and 5.4, above, Access Persons will be required annually read and sign HCM’s Code of Conduct regarding
employee securities transactions or in lieu of signing the acknowledgement, the Access Persons will attend HCM’s annual Code
of Conduct training and sign the attendance sheet at the end of the training as evidence of having attended.
|
6.
|
Reports of Associates’ Securities
Trades in Accounts with Broker/Dealers.
|
All Associates of HCM having account(s) with
any broker/dealer must ensure that the account(s) are established on Compliance 11 so transactions and holdings are submitted electronically
to HCM Compliance from the broker/dealer.
Although the Rule 204-2(a)(12) and Rule 17j-1
do not require negative reports, it is the policy of HCM that
Personal Securities Trading Reports
be submitted quarterly
by all associated persons whether or not securities transactions have occurred in their accounts during the period. Those associates
having no securities transactions to report must indicate this fact in his/her quarterly report on Compliance 11.
HCM is required to maintain and enforce its
Code of Ethics – including the review of the Personal Securities Transaction Reports. Compliance 11 reviews the Personal
Securities Transactions for violations of the Code, and reports any exceptions to HCM Compliance for research and resolution. All
exceptions are maintained on Compliance 11 with a documented audit trail.
8. Personal Securities Transactions and
Insider Trading.
In 1989, Congress enacted the Insider Trading
and Securities Enforcement Act to address the potential misuse of material non-public information. Courts and the Securities and
Exchange Commission currently define inside information as information that has not been disseminated to the public through the
customary news media; is known by the recipient (tippee) to be non-public; and has been improperly obtained. In addition, the information
must be material,
e.g
.
it must be of sufficient importance that a reasonably prudent person might base his/her
decision to invest or not invest on such information.
The definition and application of inside information is continually
being revised and updated by the regulatory authorities. If an Associate of HCM believes he/she is in possession of inside information,
it is critical that he/she not act on the information or disclose it to anyone, but instead advise HCM Compliance. Acting on such
information may subject the Associate to severe federal criminal penalties and the forfeiture of any profit realized from any transaction.
HCM uses the Firm Trading application in Compliance 11 that monitors
for potential instances of insider trading. Exceptions are researched and documented in the system.
We currently do not employ an official
restricted list, however Access Persons are subject to the Blackout Period described above, and which is monitored within Compliance
11.
9. Safeguarding of Sensitive
Information.
Access persons of HCM are required to safeguard all sensitive information, including information regarding HCM
and all clients. No Access Person shall reveal any proposed transactions in Securities by one Client to another Client, any employee
of the Firm, or any other person
10. Options
. Transactions
in put or call options are permitted, but must follow the same requirements as outlined in section 4, regarding Limitations on
Personal Trading. The di minimus exemption above does not apply to options.
11. Dealings with Clients
.
No Associate may directly or indirectly purchase from or sell to a client of HCM any security, unless the transaction is pre-approved
in writing by HCM Compliance.
Associates of HCM are prohibited
from ever holding customer funds or securities or acting in any capacity as custodian for a client account. Moreover, Associates
are prohibited from borrowing money or securities from any HCM client and from lending money to any HCM client, unless the client
is a member of the Associates immediate family and the transaction has been approved in writing by HCM Compliance or one of the
principals.
12.
Orders
Contrary to the Selection Guidelines Buy/Sell Categories.
If there is a client order pending execution that is contrary to
the Research Department’s Buy/Sell category, a similar transaction may not be entered/executed by an Associate until the
client's order has been filled.
13. Margin Accounts
. While
brokerage margin accounts are discouraged, an Associate may open or maintain a margin account with a brokerage firm with whom the
Associate has maintained a regular brokerage account for a minimum of six months. This provision may be waived by HCM Compliance
upon written request by the Associate.
14. New Issues.
In view of the potential conflicts of interest, Associates are not permitted to purchase initial public offerings of securities
(“IPO’s”) or any other type of new issue.
15. Private Placements
. No
Associate shall purchase any security which is the subject of a private offering, unless prior written approval has been obtained
from HCM Compliance or one of the principals.
16. Short Sales.
Associates
are prohibited from selling short any security which is held broadly in client portfolios, except that short sales may be made
“against the box” in the Associate’s personal account for tax purposes. Short sales executed by Associates must
also comply with the other applicable trading restrictions of this Code.
17. Other Restricted Activities Applicable
to All Associates of HCM:
17.1 Outside
Business Activities.
An Associated Person who seeks or is offered a position as an officer,
trustee, director, or is contemplating employment in a similar capacity to that within HCM with an outside enterprise is required
to discuss such anticipated plans with HCM’s Principals and HCM Compliance prior to accepting such a position, as there may
be a conflict of interest. In addition, all outside business activities must be reported and maintained on Compliance 11.
Annually, all outside business activities
must be reported to HCM unless the activity meets the following requirements; 1) it is a non-investment related activity, 2) it
is either charitable, civic, religious or a fraternal organization and 3) it is tax-exempt. HCM does not wish to limit any Associate’s
professional or financial opportunities, but needs to be aware of such outside interests so as to avoid potential conflicts of
interest and ensure that there is no interruption in services to our clients. Understandably, HCM must also be concerned as to
whether there may be any potential financial liability or adverse publicity that may arise from an undisclosed business interest
by an Associate.
Access persons may not serve on the
Board of directors of a publicly held or private for-profit company without prior written approval from HCM.
Approvals
1) Access persons must direct,
in writing, to the Chief Compliance Officer for prompt forwarding to the Principals his/her request for approval of reportable
(as defined above) outside business activities.
2) If granted
approval, access person must report promptly any changes to the reported entity or the associate’s relationship to the entity.
In addition, all outside business interests must be reported annually on the HCM Outside Business Activities Form. All outside
business activities of HCM associates will be maintained and tracked by the Compliance team.
3) Access person
must refrain from participating in any deliberation, recommendations, or considerations of whether or not to recommend that any
securities of that company be purchased, sold or retained in any client account.
17.2 Personal Gifts
. Personal
gifts to Associates of HCM are discouraged. However, gifts of a reasonable nominal value (defined as approximately $50 or less)
such as a coffee mug, calendar, plaque, trophy, shirt, pen or similar items are allowable exceptions to this policy and do not
require reporting to HCM Compliance.
However, all other gifts received by HCM Associates with an intrinsic value above approximately
$50 must be reported and approved by HCM Compliance with consultation, if appropriate, by the G&E Committee (consisting of
the Director of Marketing and Client Services, the CCO, and the President of HCM.)
Material personal gifts to HCM clients
are prohibited. However, in certain circumstances, HCM may send flowers or other such nominal gifts. All such gifts in these scenarios
will be subject to approval by the G&E Committee and must be reported to HCM Compliance.
All personal gifts of more than a
nominal value given or received by a Covered Associate must be reported to HCM Compliance on Compliance 11 and attested to quarterly.
Compliance 11 maintains this information.
Associates of HCM are allowed to
make charitable donations on behalf of the firm to reputable charitable organizations with the
prior
approval of the G&E
Committee. HCM Compliance must have adequate time to thoroughly conduct due diligence on the charitable organization and its mission
and purpose for raising funds
before
any donations are made on behalf of HCM. The purpose of the gift should be non-influential
in regards to any current HCM business or potential new HCM business with any client associated with the
charity. Also, the entity must have
been granted 501(c)(3) charity status from the IRS in order to be eligible for any HCM funds. Exceptions to this policy for charities
that do not meet these requirements may be granted by the G&E Committee and must be documented in writing.
17.3 Entertainment
. While
authorized personnel of HCM are allowed to entertain clients, it must be within reason. Examples of such entertainment include
dinners and golf outings. Special planned events are subject to proper vetting by HCM Compliance and members of the Marketing and
Client Service teams. A log of all such approved special entertainment engaged in by HCM representatives shall be kept by the Marketing
and Client Services Department.
Per regulation, the aggregate annual
value of any gifts, gratuities, meals and entertainment given to any ERISA or Taft Hartley pension plan is strictly limited to
$250. This limit applies to the organization as a whole and not to specific individuals for ERISA only plans.
While HCM associates may be entertained
by third party vendors, the entertainment must be reasonable in nature. Examples of reasonable entertainment include dinner and
a ball game or round of golf. If the entertainment is of greater than nominal value, HCM Compliance must be consulted for proper
vetting.
All entertainment given or received
by a Covered Associate that requires HCM Compliance consultation must be reported to HCM Compliance on Compliance 11 and attested
to quarterly.
17.4 Use of Source Material.
Investment related materials (research reports, investment summaries, etc.) written by Associated Persons of HCM for distribution
outside of the company or available to outside parties should be original information and, if appropriate, include proper reference
to sources. It is not necessary to reference publicly available information. However, any investment related material referencing
HCM or bearing HCM’s name or logo must first be submitted to the HCM Compliance prior to presentation to outside parties
|
17.5
|
Communications with Clients through Radio, Television and Other Media.
|
Associates of HCM are encouraged
to participate in lectures, seminars, and media appearances where the purpose of such communications is to provide investment advice
or explain the services offered through HCM. However, the Associate must submit to HCM Compliance for approval, prior to presentation,
an outline of any speech or lecture to members of the general public which discusses investments in general or specific securities
currently recommended by HCM.
Associates making appearances on
radio or television programs as representatives of HCM are prohibited from recommending any specific security, unless such security
is currently on HCM’s list of approved investments. In situations where an Associate is
asked his/her opinion on the
investment merits of a security not on HCM’s recommended list, the Associate should make it clear to the audience that any
opinion given is his/her own and not necessarily that of HCM.
17.6 Political Contributions.
As a matter of policy, all political contributions by HCM Associates are prohibited.
|
18.
|
Sanctions.
HCM encourages all employees to promptly report any known violations of this
code to HCM Compliance. Upon discovering that an access person has not complied with the requirements of this Code, HCM may impose
on that person the sanctions described below and others HCM’s principals and CCO deem appropriate, including, among other
things, disgorgement of profit, censure, suspension or termination of employment. Material violations of requirements of this Code
by employees and any sanctions imposed in connection therewith shall be reported not less frequently than quarterly to HCM Compliance.
|
18.1 First
infraction.
Censure, along with corrective actions, which would include a disgorgement of profits plus an additional financial
penalty (up to the difference between the stock’s current market price and the purchase price times the quantity) or necessary
disclosure being made for the non-trading/financial violation. These funds will be sent to a charity of HCM’s choice.
18.2 Second
infraction.
One (1) week suspension of pay for all violations. If this violation is trading related then the sanction will
also include a disgorgement of profits plus an additional financial penalty (up to the difference between the stock’s current
market price and the purchase price times the quantity). These funds will be sent to a charity of HCM’s choice.
18.3 Third
and further possible infractions.
Could include suspension from work without pay for a period of time, previously mentioned
financial penalties, and / or other penalties up to termination of employment.
19.
Record Keeping.
Rule 204-2(a)(12) as amended requires
HCM is required to keep copies of the Codes of Ethics, records of violations of the Code and actions taken as a result of the violation,
and copies of the signed acknowledgement of receipt of the Code and Code of Conduct training attendance sheet signed by the employees.
HCM is required to maintain the records required
under the amended Rules 204-2(a)(12) and (13) for this standard period, subject to special holding requirements for certain categories
of records as specified in the amended rules.
The Codes
of Ethics will be kept for five (5) years after the last date they were in effect.
The acknowledgement of receipt of the Code
and the amendments to the Code will be kept for five (5) years after the individual ceases to be a supervised person.
A list of access persons will be maintained
and will include every person who was an access person at any time within the past five (5) years, even if some of them are no
longer access persons of HCM.
A copy of each report required by paragraph
(c)(2)(ii) of Rule 17j-1 under the Investment Company Act.
20. Distribution of the Code.
Every
employee of HCM will be provided a copy of the Code of Ethics and any amendment thereof are covered in the annual Code of Conduct
training. HCM requires that each employee acknowledge in writing his/her receipt of the Code of Conduct, provide that acknowledgement
form to HCM Compliance for record keeping purposes, and sign the annual Code of Conduct training attendance sheet.
HCM will provide a copy of the current Code
of Ethics to clients upon request.
HCM will provide required board reports to
the Fund under Rule 17j-1 of the Investment Company Act.
Acknowledgment Of Receipt Of Code Of Conduct/Ethics
ACCESS PERSON/ASSOCIATE OF HCM
I have read the above Code of Conduct/Ethics
of HCM regarding personal securities trading and other potential conflicts of interest and agree to comply with the provisions
therein.
Signed _____________________________________________
Date______________________
Code of Business Conduct
and
Code of Ethics
ALLIANZ GLOBAL INVESTORS U.S. HOLDINGS
and subsidiaries
ALLIANZ ASSET MANAGEMENT OF AMERICA
Effective: April 1, 2013, Amended March
31, 2015
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
I.
|
|
LETTER FROM THE CEO OF AGI U.S. HOLDINGS AND COO OF AAMA LP
|
3
|
II.
|
|
GENERAL POLICY STATEMENT
|
|
|
|
A.
Compliance
|
4
|
|
|
B.
Certifications
|
4
|
III.
|
|
CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT
|
|
|
|
A.
Fiduciary Duty of our Investment Advisers
|
5
|
|
|
B.
General Obligations of all Covered Persons
|
5
|
|
|
C.
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures
|
6
|
|
|
D.
Anti-Corruption
|
13
|
|
|
E.
Gifts and Business Entertainment Policy
|
13
|
|
|
F.
Charitable Contributions
|
16
|
|
|
G.
Political Contributions
|
17
|
|
|
H.
Outside Business Activities
|
17
|
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I.
Service as Director of any Unaffiliated Organization
|
18
|
|
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J.
Privacy
|
18
|
|
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K.
Policy for Reporting Suspicious Activities and Concerns
|
18
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IV.
|
|
CODE OF ETHICS
|
|
|
|
A.
Personal Securities Transactions Policy
|
20
|
I.
LETTER FROM THE CEO OF AGI U.S. HOLDINGS AND COO OF AAMA LP
Dear Colleague,
Every one of us has the power to influence the way our
firms are viewed by all our stakeholders, simply through the actions we take and decisions we make every day. Our firms are committed
to conducting business with honesty and integrity in accordance with high ethical standards and with respect for each other and
those with whom we do business. Our Code of Business Conduct and Code of Ethics (together, the “Code”) outlines the
basic rules, standards and behaviors necessary to achieve those objectives. It is an important responsibility and we’re honored
to share it with you.
The Code is applicable to all Covered Persons. At its
core, it aims to promote honest and ethical conduct, full and accurate disclosure, and compliance with all applicable laws, rules
and regulations. It provides guidance on how to deal with ethical conflicts of interest that may arise and the mechanism for reporting
and dealing with breaches of the Code.
The public trust is our most valuable asset. It is earned
every day through adherence to the principles of integrity and fair dealing, and every one of us plays an essential role in maintaining
the fairness, health and integrity of our markets. Commitment to the Code, and living our core values of Respect, Integrity, Passion
and Excellence, will help ensure the highest ethical fiduciary standards endure at our firms.
While the Code does not explicitly discuss every ethical
issue we may encounter, it does provide the underlying principles that should be used to guide our daily decisions and behaviors.
When in doubt or if you need guidance in a specific business situation or application of the Code, please contact the Code of Ethics
Office.
Thank you for your unwavering commitment to our Code
and for living our values every day.
Brian Gaffney
|
John Maney
|
Chief Executive Officer
|
Chief Operating Officer
|
Allianz Global Investors U.S. Holdings LLC
|
Allianz Asset Management of America L.P.
|
II.GENERAL
POLICY STATEMENT
The Code has been
adopted by Allianz Asset Management of America L.P. (“AAMA LP”), Allianz Asset Management of America LLC (“AAMA
LLC”), Allianz Global Investors U.S. Holdings LLC (“AGI U.S. Holdings”), Allianz Global Investors U.S. LLC (“AGI
U.S.”), Allianz Global Investors Distributors LLC (“AGID”), Allianz Global Investors Fund Management LLC (“AGIFM”),
NFJ Investment Group LLC (“NFJ”), and Pallas Investment Partners, L.P.
[1]
(“Pallas”) (each, a “Company”) and is applicable to all partners, officers, directors, and employees of
the Company, interns and Temporary Employees (i.e., temp, consultant or contractor) (collectively, “Covered Persons”).
The Code is based on the principle that in addition to the fiduciary obligations of the Company, you owe a fiduciary duty to the
shareholders of the registered investment companies (the “Funds”), other clients for which the Company serves as an
adviser or sub-adviser (the “Advisory Clients”), and customers of our broker-dealer (“Customers” and together
with Funds and Advisory Clients, “Clients”). Accordingly, you must avoid activities, interests and relationships that
could interfere or appear to interfere with making decisions in the best interests of Clients.
A. COMPLIANCE
Compliance
with the Code is considered a basic condition of employment with the Company. We take this Code and your obligations under it very
seriously. A failure to comply with the Code may constitute grounds for remedial actions, which may include, but are not limited
to, a letter of caution, warning or censure, recertification of the Code, disgorgement of profits, suspension of trading privileges,
termination of officer title, and/or suspension or termination of employment. Situations that are questionable may be resolved
against your personal interests. Violations of this Code may also constitute violations of law, which could result in criminal
or civil penalties for you and/or the Company.
In addition,
the Federal Securities Laws
[2]
require companies and individual supervisors
to reasonably supervise Covered Persons with a view toward preventing violations of law and violations of a company’s Code.
As a result, all Covered Persons who have supervisory responsibility should endeavor to ensure that those individuals that they
supervise, including Temporary Employees, are familiar with and remain in compliance with its requirements.
Further, Covered
Persons must refrain from any intentional act or omission, which is illegal under applicable laws or regulations, and which may
result in an actual or potential loss of Company assets or revenue or harm of reputation.
B. CERTIFICATIONS
Covered Persons
are required to certify their receipt and understanding of and compliance with the Code within ten days of becoming a Covered Person.
On an annual basis, all Covered Persons are required to re-certify their understanding of and compliance with the Code. You will
be provided with timely notification of these certification requirements and directions on how to complete them by the Code of
Ethics Office. Other reporting and certification requirements are set forth in the Gifts and Business Entertainment Policy, Political
Contributions Policy, and Personal Securities Transactions Policy.
III.
CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT
A. FIDUCIARY
DUTY OF OUR INVESTMENT ADVISERS
Our investment advisers owe a fiduciary duty to the
Clients for which they serve as an adviser or sub-adviser. Covered Persons of our investment advisers must avoid activities, interests,
and relationships that could interfere or appear to interfere with our advisers’ fiduciary duties. Accordingly, at all times,
Covered Persons must place the interests of Clients first and scrupulously avoid serving their own personal interests ahead of
the interests of Clients. Covered Persons may not cause a Client to take action, or not to take action, for their personal benefit
rather than for the benefit of the Client. For example, you would violate the Code if you caused a Client to purchase a Security
[3]
you owned for the purpose of increasing the price of that Security. If you are an Investment Person
3
of the Company, you would also violate this Code if you made a personal investment in a Security that might be an appropriate investment
for a Client without first considering the Security as an investment for the Client. Investment opportunities of limited availability
that are suitable for Clients also must be considered for purchase for such Clients before an Investment Person may personally
trade in them. Such opportunities include, but are not limited to, investments in initial public offerings and private placements.
B.
GENERAL OBLIGATIONS OF ALL COVERED PERSONS
At all times, Covered Persons must:
|
1.
|
Conduct personal securities transactions in full compliance
with the Code including the Insider Trading Policy and Personal Securities Transactions Policy
. The Company encourages you
and your family to develop personal investment programs. However, you must not take any action in connection with your personal
investments that could cause even the appearance of unfairness or impropriety.
|
-
Avoid taking inappropriate advantage
of your position.
The receipt of investment opportunities, gifts or gratuities from persons seeking business with the Company
directly or on behalf of a Client of the Company could call into question the independence of your business judgment. In addition,
information concerning the identity of security holdings and financial circumstances of a Client is confidential. You may not use
personal or account information of any Client of the Company except as permitted by the Company’s Privacy policies (See section
III. J on Privacy).
-
Comply with applicable Federal Securities
Laws and regulations.
You are not permitted to: (i) defraud a Client in any manner; (ii) mislead a Client, including making
a statement that omits material facts; (iii) engage in any act, practice or course of conduct which operates or would operate as
a fraud or deceit upon a Client; (iv) engage in any manipulative practice with respect to a Client; (v) engage in any manipulative
practices with respect to securities, including price manipulation; or (vi) otherwise violate applicable Federal Securities Laws
and regulations. AGID Covered Persons and/or AGID Registered Representatives
3
must
also comply with applicable NASD/FINRA and MSRB rules and AGIFM and AGI U.S. Covered Persons must also comply with applicable Commodity
Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) regulations. In the event that you are unsure of any such laws or regulations,
consult your Legal Department.
A potential violation of the Code may result in remedial
actions, which may include but are not limited to, a letter of caution, warning or censure, recertification of the Code, disgorgement
of profits, suspension of trading privileges, termination of officer title, and/or suspension or termination of employment. Situations
that are questionable may be resolved against your personal interests.
C. INSIDER
TRADING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
Section I. Policy Statement on
Insider Trading
The Company forbids any of its partners, officers, directors,
and employees, including interns and Temporary Employees (i.e., temp, consultant or contractor) (collectively, “Covered Persons”)
from trading, either personally or on behalf of others (such as, the Clients), on the basis of material non-public information
or communicating material non-public information to others in violation of the law. This conduct is frequently referred to as "insider
trading."
The law related to prohibitions on insider trading is
based on the broad anti-fraud provisions of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act which were enacted after the United States
market crash of 1929. The Exchange Act addressed insider trading directly through Section 16(b) and indirectly through Section
10(b).
[4]
While the law concerning insider trading is not static,
it is generally understood that the law prohibits:
|
(1)
|
trading by an insider, while aware of material, non-public information;
|
|
(2)
|
trading by a non-insider, while aware of material, non-public information, where the information
was disclosed to the non-insider in violation of an insider's duty to keep it confidential; or
|
|
(3)
|
communicating material, non-public information to others in breach of a duty of trust or confidence.
|
Any questions regarding this policy statement and the
related procedures set forth herein should be referred to your Company’s Chief Compliance Officer or Chief Legal Officer,
or to the AAMA LP General Counsel or AGI U.S. Holdings General Counsel.
Please note that Covered Persons
are subject to other Company policies that prohibit or restrict the disclosure or use of material, non-public information regarding
Clients and their investments, regardless of whether the disclosure or use gives rise to insider trading. For instance, the selective
disclosure of portfolio holdings or related information regarding Clients to third parties is generally prohibited except in limited
circumstances in accordance with applicable Company or Fund policies. In addition, the Affiliated Closed-End Funds
[5]
have adopted policies under Regulation FD which govern and severely restrict circumstances under which a Covered Person acting
on behalf of the Affiliated Closed-End Funds (i.e., an “insider”) may selectively disclose material non-public information
regarding the funds to certain categories of third parties (e.g., broker-dealers, analysts, investment advisers, funds and shareholders).
If you have any questions, you should consult with the individuals noted in the prior paragraph before disclosing or using material,
non-public information regarding Clients and their investments under any circumstances.
|
1.
|
To Whom Does The Insider Trading Policy Apply
?
|
This policy applies to Covered Persons and extends to
activities within and outside their duties at the Company. This policy also applies to any transactions in any securities by family
members, trusts or corporations controlled by such persons.
In particular, this policy applies to securities transactions
by (but not limited to):
-
the Covered Person's spouse;
-
the Covered Person's minor children;
-
any other relatives living in the Covered
Person's household;
-
a trust in which the Covered Person
has a beneficial interest, unless such
person has no direct or indirect control over
the trust;
-
a trust for which the Covered Person
is a trustee;
-
a revocable trust for which the Covered
Person is a settlor;
-
a corporation of which the Covered
Person is an officer, director or
10% or greater stockholder; or
-
a partnership of which the Covered
Person is a partner (including most
investment clubs) unless the Covered Person
has no direct or indirect control
over the partnership.
|
2.
|
What is Material Information
?
|
Trading on inside information is not a basis for liability
unless the information is deemed to be material. "Material Information" generally is defined as information for which
there is a substantial likelihood that a reasonable investor would consider it important in making his or her investment decisions,
or information that is reasonably certain to have a substantial effect on the price of a company's securities.
Although there is no precise, generally accepted definition
of materiality, information is likely to be material if it relates to significant changes affecting such matters as:
-
dividend or earnings expectations;
-
write-downs or write-offs of assets;
-
additions to reserves for bad debts or contingent liabilities;
-
expansion or curtailment of company or major division
operations;
-
proposals or agreements involving a joint venture,
merger, acquisition, divestiture, or leveraged buy-out;
-
new products or services;
-
exploratory, discovery or research developments;
-
criminal indictments, civil litigation or government
investigations;
-
disputes with major suppliers or customers or significant
changes in the relationships with such parties;
-
labor disputes including strikes or lockouts;
-
substantial changes in accounting methods;
-
major litigation developments;
-
major personnel changes;
-
debt service or liquidity problems;
-
bankruptcy or insolvency;
-
extraordinary management developments;
-
public offerings or private sales of debt or equity
securities;
-
calls, redemptions or purchases of a company's own
stock;
-
issuer tender offers; or
-
recapitalizations.
Information provided by a company could be material
because of its expected effect on a particular class of the company's securities, all of the company's securities, the securities
of another company, or the securities of several companies. Moreover, the resulting prohibition against the misuses of Material
Information reaches all types of securities (whether
stock or other equity interests, corporate debt, government or municipal obligations, or commercial paper) as well as any option
related to that security (such as a put, call or index security).
Material Information does not have to relate to a company's
business. For example, in
Carpenter v. U.S.
, 108 U.S. 316 (1987), the Supreme Court considered as material certain information
about the contents of a forthcoming newspaper column that was expected to affect the market price of a security. In that case,
a reporter for
The Wall Street Journal
was found criminally liable for disclosing to others the dates that reports on various
companies would appear in
The Wall Street Journal
and whether those reports would be favorable or not.
|
3.
|
What is Non-public Information
?
|
In order for issues concerning insider trading to arise,
information must not only be material, it must be "
non-public
". "Non-Public Information” is information
which has not been made available to investors generally. Information received in circumstances indicating that it is not yet in
general circulation or where the recipient knows or should know that the information could only have been provided by an "insider"
is also deemed Non-Public Information.
At such time as Material Non-Public Information has
been effectively distributed to the investing public, it is no longer subject to insider trading restrictions. However, for Non-Public
Information to become public information, it must be disseminated through recognized channels of distribution designed to reach
the securities marketplace.
To show that Material Information is public, you should
be able to point to some fact verifying that the information has become generally available, for example, disclosure in a national
business and financial wire service (Dow Jones or Reuters), a national news service (AP or UPI), a national newspaper (
The Wall
Street Journal,
The New York Times
or
The Financial Times
), or a publicly disseminated disclosure document (a
proxy statement or prospectus). The circulation of rumors or "talk on the street", even if accurate, widespread and reported
in the media or social media does not constitute the requisite public disclosure. The information must not only be publicly disclosed,
there must also be adequate time for the market as a whole to digest the information. Although timing may vary depending upon the
circumstances, a good rule of thumb is that information is considered non-public until the third business day after public disclosure.
Material Non-Public Information is not made public by
selective dissemination. Material Information improperly disclosed only to institutional investors or to a fund analyst or a favored
group of analysts retains its status as Non-Public Information which must not be disclosed or otherwise misused. Similarly, partial
disclosure does not constitute public dissemination. So long as any material component of the "inside" information possessed
by the Company has yet to be publicly disclosed, the information is deemed "non-public" and may not be misused.
Information Provided in Confidence
. It
is possible that one or more Covered Persons of the Company may become temporary "insiders" because of a duty of trust
or confidence. A duty of trust or confidence can arise: (1) whenever a person agrees to maintain information in confidence; (2)
when two people have a history, pattern, or practice of sharing confidences such that the recipient of the information knows or
reasonably should know that the person communicating the Material Non-Public Information expects that the recipient will maintain
its confidentiality; or (3) whenever a person receives or obtains Material Non-Public Information from certain close family members
such as spouses, parents, children and siblings. For example, personnel at the Company may become insiders when an external source,
such as a company whose securities are held by one or more of the accounts managed by the Company, discloses Material Non-Public
Information to the Company’s portfolio managers or analysts with the expectation that the information will remain confidential.
As an "insider", the Company and any applicable
Covered Person has a duty not to breach the trust of the party that has communicated the Material Non-Public Information by misusing
that information. This duty may arise because the Company has entered or has been invited to enter into a commercial relationship
with a company, Client or prospective Client and has been given access to confidential information solely for the corporate purposes
of that company, Client or prospective Client. This duty remains whether or not the Company ultimately participates in the transaction.
Information Disclosed in Breach of a Duty
.
Analysts and portfolio managers at the Company must be especially wary of Material Non-Public Information disclosed in breach of
corporate insider's duty of trust or confidence that he or she owes the corporation and shareholders. Even where there is no expectation
of confidentiality, a person may become an "insider" upon receiving material, non-public information in circumstances
where a person knows, or should know, that a corporate insider is disclosing information in breach of a duty of trust and confidence
that he or she owes the corporation and its shareholders. Whether the disclosure is an improper "tip" that renders the
recipient a "tippee" depends on whether the corporate insider expects to benefit personally, either directly or indirectly,
from the disclosure. In the context of an improper disclosure by a corporate insider, the requisite "personal benefit"
may not be limited to a present or future monetary gain. Rather, a prohibited personal benefit could include a reputational benefit,
an expectation of a “quid pro quo” from the recipient or the recipient's employer by a gift of the "inside"
information.
A person may, depending on the circumstances, also become
an "insider" or "tippee" when he or she obtains Material Non-Public Information by happenstance, including
information derived from social situations, business gatherings, overheard conversations, misplaced documents, and "tips"
from insiders or other third parties.
Investment Information Relating to our Clients
is Non-Public Inside Information
. In the course of your employment, Covered Persons may learn about the current or pending
investment activities of our Clients (e.g. actual or pending purchases and sales of securities). Using or sharing this information
other than in connection with the investment of Client accounts is considered acting on inside information and therefore prohibited.
The Boards of the Funds (both proprietary and third party sub-advised) have adopted Portfolio Holdings Disclosure Policies to prevent
the misuse of Material Non-Public Information relating to the Funds and to ensure all shareholders of the Funds have equal access
to portfolio holdings information. In that regard, Covered Persons must follow the Funds' policies on disclosure of non-public
portfolio holdings information unless disclosure is specifically permitted under other sharing of investment-related information.
|
4.
|
Identifying Material Information
|
Before trading for yourself or others, including investment
companies or private accounts managed by the Company, in the securities of a company about which you may have potential Material
Non-Public Information, ask yourself the following questions:
|
i.
|
Is this information that an investor could consider important in making his or her investment decisions?
Is this information that could substantially affect the market price of the securities if generally disclosed?
|
|
ii.
|
To whom has this information been provided? Has the information been effectively communicated to
the marketplace by being published in
The Financial Times
,
Reuters
,
The Wall Street Journal
or other publications
of general circulation?
|
Given the potentially severe regulatory, civil and criminal
sanctions to which you, the Company and its personnel could be subject, any Covered Persons uncertain as to whether the information
he or she possesses is Material Non-Public Information should immediately take the following steps:
|
i.
|
Report the matter immediately to the Company’s Chief
Compliance Officer or the Chief Legal Officer, or the AAMA LP General Counsel or AGI U.S. Holdings General Counsel;
|
|
ii.
|
Do not purchase or sell the securities on behalf of yourself or others, including investment companies
or private accounts managed by the Company; and
|
|
iii.
|
Do not communicate the information inside or outside the Company, other than to your Chief Compliance
Officer or Chief Legal Officer, or the AAMA LP General Counsel or AGI U.S. Holdings General Counsel.
|
After the Chief Compliance Officer or Chief Legal Officer,
or the AAMA LP General Counsel or AGI U.S. Holdings General Counsel has reviewed the issue, you will be instructed to continue
the prohibitions against trading and communication or will be allowed to trade and communicate the information.
|
5.
|
Penalties for Insider Trading
|
Penalties for trading
on or communicating Material Non-Public Information are severe, both for individuals involved in such unlawful conduct and their
employers. A person can be subject to some or all of the penalties below even if he or she does not personally benefit from the
violation. Penalties include: civil injunctions, treble damages, disgorgement of profits, jail sentences, fines for the person
who committed the violation of up to three times the profit gained or loss avoided, whether or not the person actually benefited,
and fines for the employer or other controlling person of up to the greater of $1,000,000 or three times the amount of the profit
gained or loss avoided.
In addition, any violation of this policy statement
can be expected to result in serious sanctions by the Company, including possible dismissal of the persons involved.
Section II.
Procedures
to Prevent Insider Trading
The following procedures have been established to aid
Covered Persons of the Company in avoiding insider trading, and to aid the Company in preventing, detecting and imposing sanctions
against insider trading. Every Covered Person of the Company must follow these procedures or risk serious sanctions, including
dismissal, substantial personal liability and criminal penalties. Also refer to your Company’s compliance policies and procedures
for detailed procedures.
|
1.
|
Trading Restrictions and Reporting Requirements
|
|
a.
|
No Covered Person of the Company who is aware of Material
Non-Public Information relating to the Company, including Allianz SE, may buy or sell any securities of the Company, including
Allianz SE, or engage in any other action to take advantage of, or pass on to others, such Material Non-Public Information.
|
|
b.
|
No Covered Person of the Company who is aware of Material
Non-Public Information which relates to any other company, entity, or Client in circumstances in which such person is deemed to
be an insider or is otherwise subject to restrictions under the Federal Securities Laws may buy or sell securities of that company
or otherwise take advantage of, or pass on to others, such Material Non-Public Information.
|
|
c.
|
No Covered Person of the Company shall engage in a securities
transaction with respect to the securities of Allianz SE,
except
in accordance with the specific procedures published from
time to time by the Company.
|
|
d.
|
No Covered Person shall engage in a personal securities
transaction with respect to any securities of any other company,
except
in accordance with the specific procedures set forth
in the Company’s Personal Securities Transactions Policy.
|
|
e.
|
Covered Persons shall submit reports concerning each security
transaction in accordance with the terms of the Company’s Personal Securities Transactions Policy and verify their personal
ownership of securities in accordance with the procedures set forth in the Company’s Personal Securities Transactions Policy.
|
|
f.
|
Because even inadvertent disclosure of Material Non-Public
Information to others can lead to significant legal difficulties, Covered Persons of the Company should not discuss any potentially
Material Non-Public Information concerning the Company or other companies, including other Covered Persons, except as specifically
required in the performance of their duties.
|
|
g.
|
Covered Persons managing the work of Temporary Employees
who have access to Material Non-Public Information are responsible for ensuring that Temporary Employees are aware of this procedure
and the consequences of non-compliance.
|
|
h.
|
A Covered Person’s obligation to notify the Company’s
Chief Compliance Officer or Chief Legal Officer, or the AAMA LP General Counsel or AGI U.S. Holdings General Counsel of a potential
insider trading violation applies even if the Covered Person knows or has reason to believe that the Company’s Chief Compliance
Officer or Chief Legal Officer, or AAMA LP General Counsel or AGI U.S. Holdings General Counsel has already been informed by other
Covered Persons.
|
|
2.
|
Information Barrier Procedures
|
The Insider Trading and Securities Fraud Enforcement
Act in the U.S. requires the establishment and strict enforcement of procedures reasonably designed to prevent the misuse of "inside"
information. Accordingly, you should not discuss Material Non-Public Information about the Company or other companies with anyone,
including other Covered Persons, except as required in the performance of your regular duties. In addition, care should be taken
so that such information is secure. For example, files containing Material Non-Public Information should be sealed; access to computer
files containing Material Non-Public Information should be restricted. For additional information, please refer to your Company’s
compliance policies and procedures.
|
3.
|
Over the Wall and Market Sounding Procedures
|
Generally, “over the wall” and “market
sounding” refers to the market practice where underwriters and issuers (“sounding parties”) contact institutional
investors to assess the appetite of the marketplace for a transaction.
[6]
If the Company participates in over the wall discussions or market soundings or in the event the Company becomes aware at any time
that a Covered Person has come into possession of Material Non-Public Information, a global trading restriction will be placed
on the issuer’s securities for firm trades and personal securities transactions. Covered Persons are also prohibited from
communicating the
information inside or outside the Company, other than
to Legal and Compliance. For additional information, please refer to your Company’s compliance policies and procedures.
|
4.
|
Expert Network Consultants Procedures
|
Covered Persons may from time to time make use of paid
investment research consultant firms or expert networks (“Investment Research Consultant Firms”)
[7]
which may gather and summarize information for the Company or which may maintain a network of individual consultants (“Consultants”)
[8]
that are made available to the Company. Investment Research Consultant Firms and Consultants will typically gather, analyze
and provide information that may assist in providing the basis for investment decisions by the Company and its employees. Covered
Persons should actively seek to prevent the disclosure of Material Non-Public Information to them by Investment Research Consultant
Firms and Consultants. In the event that a Covered Person receives Material Non-Public Information, the Covered Person may not
share the Material Non-Public Information inside or outside the firm, other than with Legal and Compliance, or execute trades in
securities based on the Material Non-Public Information on behalf of any Client account or for his or her own personal accounts.
For additional information, please refer to your Company’s compliance policies and procedures.
|
5.
|
Resolving Issues Concerning Insider Trading
|
The Federal Securities Laws, including the U.S. laws
governing insider trading, are complex. If you have any doubts or questions as to the materiality or non-public nature of information
in your possession or as to any of the applicability or interpretation of any of the foregoing procedures or as to the propriety
of any action, you should contact your Company’s Chief Compliance Officer or Chief Legal Officer, or AAMA LP General Counsel
or AGI U.S. Holdings General Counsel. Until advised to the contrary by your Company’s Chief Compliance Officer or Chief Legal
Officer, or AAMA LP General Counsel or AGI U.S. Holdings General Counsel, you should presume that the information is Material Non-Public
Information and you should
not
trade in the securities or disclose this information to anyone.
D. ANTI-CORRUPTION
The Company does not tolerate any form of corruption.
Federal and State laws, and laws of other countries, prohibit the payment or receipt of bribes, kickbacks, inducements, facilitation
payments, non-monetary benefits, or other illegal gratuities or payments by or on behalf of any of our Companies or Covered Persons
in connection with our businesses. For example, the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act makes it a crime to corruptly give, promise
or authorize payment, in cash or in kind, for any service to a foreign government official or political party in connection with
obtaining or retaining business. The U.K. Bribery Act prohibits corruption of public officials as well as business-to-business
corruption. Each Company, through its policies and practices, is committed to comply fully with these and other anti-corruption
laws. If you or any member of your household is solicited to make or receive an illegal payment, or have any questions regarding
whether any solicitation to receive or make a payment is illegal, contact your Company’s Chief Compliance Officer or Chief
Legal Officer, or AAMA LP General Counsel or AGI U.S. Holdings General Counsel. For additional information, please refer to your
Company’s compliance policies and procedures.
E. GIFTS
AND BUSINESS ENTERTAINMENT POLICY
The
Company is committed to having policies and procedures designed to ensure that Covered Persons do not attempt to improperly influence
Clients or prospective
Clients with gifts or business entertainment and are not
unduly influenced themselves by the receipt of gifts or business entertainment. The Company’s policies are designed to prohibit
Covered Persons who purchase products and services as part of their job responsibilities from using their position for their own
benefit.
Providing gifts or business entertainment is improper
when a Covered Person’s giving of a gift or business entertainment is or appears to be an attempt to obtain business through
inappropriate means or to gain a special advantage in a business relationship. It is important for Covered Persons to keep in mind
that these activities may create the appearance of a conflict and in certain cases may implicate regulations applicable to Clients
and the Company. Similarly, accepting gifts or business entertainment is improper when it would compromise, or could be reasonably
viewed as compromising, a Covered Person’s ability to make objective and fair business decisions.
Definitions
-
Government Official
–
any government employee, any government plan trustee or staff member, any individual acting as a representative of or consultant
to a government plan, or any immediate family member of any of these individuals.
-
Restricted Recipient
– any union official, ERISA Fiduciary, individual acting as a representative of or consultant to a union or ERISA plan, or
any immediate family member of any of these individuals.
-
ERISA Fiduciary
– anyone
who exercises discretionary authority or control over an ERISA plan’s management or assets, including anyone who provides
investment advice to or has responsibility for the administration of a plan.
-
Business Contact
–
any individuals employed by a Client, prospective Client, vendor or service provider, or any immediate family member of any of
these individuals.
Providing Gifts and Business Entertainment
General Principles
-
Gifts and business entertainment should
be provided in a manner that does not create a conflict of interest or the appearance of a conflict of interest. Covered Persons
should use common sense and avoid providing extravagant, lavish or frequent gifts or business entertainment to any recipient.
-
Business entertainment should only
be provided at an appropriate venue (Covered Persons should consult their supervisor or the Code of Ethics Office if guidance is
required).
-
Covered Persons must accompany a recipient
to a meal, sporting or cultural event for the event to be considered “business entertainment.” Unaccompanied attendance
would be treated as a gift.
-
No gift or business entertainment should
be provided with the intention to influence decision making by the recipient.
-
Gifts or business entertainment should
be provided in a way that does not attempt to hide the fact that they have been provided.
-
Covered Persons may not give cash or
cash equivalent gifts (e.g., American Express or Amazon Gift Card) of any value. Gift Cards and Gift Certificates redeemable only
with a specific vendor (e.g., iTunes or Starbucks) are acceptable.
-
In general, gifts should be valued
at the higher of cost or market value, exclusive of tax and delivery charges.
Providing Gifts and Business Entertainment
to Government Officials
|
•
|
Covered Persons must obtain approval from the Code of Ethics Office prior to giving a gift or providing
business entertainment to a Government Official. A form for this purpose is located in the personal trading system.
|
• Pre-approval is required because:
o Applicable rules can be complex and
vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction
|
o
|
Tracking is necessary to stay within prescribed limits of particular jurisdictions, which in most
cases apply to the entire Company
|
Providing Gifts and Business Entertainment
to Restricted Recipients
-
As a general rule, Covered Persons
should obtain approval from the Code of Ethics Office prior to giving a gift or providing business entertainment to any Restricted
Recipient. A form for this purpose is located in the personal trading system.
-
Pre-approval facilitates tracking which
is necessary to stay within prescribed Company-wide limits.
-
If a situation arises where it is not
possible to obtain pre-approval – e.g., an impromptu cup of coffee – Covered Persons must exercise sound judgment and
comply with prescribed limits, but may notify the Code of Ethics Office after the fact.
-
The combined value of gifts and business
entertainment provided to a Restricted Recipient must be less than $250 per Restricted Recipient, per calendar year, Company-wide.
-
With pre-approval from the Code of
Ethics Office, reimbursement of expenses related to attendance at an educational event may be allowed and will not count toward
the $250 annual policy limit.
Providing Gifts and Business Entertainment
to Business Contacts other than Government Officials and Restricted Recipients
-
Covered Persons may not give gifts
worth more than $100, in the aggregate, to any one Business Contact per calendar year.
-
Gifts of nominal value that include
our logo, such as golf balls, towels, pens and desk ornaments, do not count toward the annual $100 limit as long as they are infrequent
and the value of the item does not exceed $50.
-
Covered Persons may provide business
entertainment up to $250 per person, per business entertainment event, with a $1,000 cumulative limit per person entertained, per
calendar year. (Note: dinner and a show would be considered one business entertainment event.)
-
Covered Persons are required to report
gifts and business entertainment provided in accordance with the Company’s expense policies and procedures.
-
Covered Persons must obtain approval
from the Code of Ethics Office prior to giving a gift or providing business entertainment to a Client or prospective Client located
outside of the U.S. A form for this purpose is located in the personal trading system.
-
Exceptions to these spending limits
must be pre-approved by a Managing Director and the Code of Ethics Office.
Receiving Gifts
-
Covered Persons (including any immediate
family members) may not accept gifts worth more than $100, in the aggregate, from any one Business Contact per calendar year.
-
Gifts of nominal value that include
the Business Contact’s company logo, such as golf balls, towels, pens and desk ornaments, do not count toward the annual
$100 limit so long as they are infrequent and the value of the item does not exceed $50.
-
In general, gifts should be valued
at the higher of cost or market value, exclusive of tax and delivery charges.
-
Covered Persons may not accept cash
or cash equivalent gifts (e.g., American Express or Amazon Gift card) of any value. Gift Cards and Gift Certificates redeemable
only with a specific vendor (e.g., iTunes or Starbucks) are acceptable. Covered Persons may not accept preferential discounts of
any value from a Business Contact.
-
If practical, any gift(s) with a value
of more than $100 must be refused or returned. If it is not practical to return a gift worth more than $100, provide it to the
Human Resources Department for donation. In the case of a perishable item worth more than $100, the Human Resources Department
may arrange to have the gift shared with the Covered Person’s entire department.
-
If the Company wishes to accept a gift
that exceeds this policy’s individual employee limits, approval from the Code of Ethics Office must be obtained. The gift
may then be distributed to employees, through a raffle or otherwise.
-
Covered Persons are required to report
all gifts received, excluding logoed items worth less than $50, within thirty days of receiving the gift through the personal trading
system.
Receiving Business Entertainment
-
Covered Persons must be accompanied
to a meal, sporting or cultural event by a Business Contact for the event to be considered “business entertainment.”
Unaccompanied attendance would be treated as a gift.
-
The reason for attending an event must
be, in large part, to further a business relationship.
-
Covered Persons should use common sense
and good judgment and avoid extravagant, lavish or frequent business entertainment from a Business Contact (e.g., do not accept
out-of-town transportation or accommodations, excessive lunches, dinners, or paid outings).
-
Covered Persons are required to report
business entertainment received that exceeds $100 in the aggregate per Business Contact per calendar quarter within thirty days
after the quarter-end through the personal trading system.
F. CHARITABLE
CONTRIBUTIONS
The Company may from time to time be solicited to make
contributions to charitable organizations by Clients or prospective Clients. These may be in the form of hosting a table at a dinner
or lunch, sponsoring a golf outing or part thereof, or in other forms. A charitable contribution may be made under certain circumstances
at the request of an existing Client. It is prohibited to make a charitable contribution on behalf of the Company at the request
of a prospective Client. Forms for pre-approval of charitable contributions are located in the personal trading system.
-
A contribution may be made on behalf
of the Company to a bona fide 501(c)(3) charitable organization of up to $5,000 per Client per year with prior approval of the
Covered Person’s supervisor and the Code of Ethics Office.
-
Any contribution in excess of $5,000
per Client per year must be pre-approved by senior Sales management and the relevant Company’s Chief Legal Officer or Chief
Compliance Officer, or to the AAMA LP General Counsel or AGI U.S. Holdings General Counsel. Amounts greater than $10,000 may require
additional reporting and/or approvals pursuant to applicable global policies.
-
Contributions to large, well-known
organizations are preferred.
-
A close connection between the Client
and the charity or a perceived benefit to the Client will be evaluated carefully in the approval process.
-
Charitable contributions must be reasonable
and must not have or appear to have the likely effect of influencing a Client’s decision to do business with the Company.
-
Direct contributions to Clients (i.e.,
the Client is a charitable organization) must be pre-approved by the Code of Ethics Office.
-
It is the Company’s
policy to not contribute to an organization’s religious or political activities. For example, the Company’s Political
Contributions Policy prohibits contributions to another organization such as certain non-profits if there are indications that
the organization makes election-related contributions or expenditures. This may even include paying a conference fee to an organization
where such indicia exist.
-
Charitable contributions made on behalf
of the Company should not be expensed through Concur or paid directly by the Covered Person. Contributions are made directly by
Finance.
G. POLITICAL
CONTRIBUTIONS
In support of the democratic process, Covered Persons are encouraged
to exercise their rights as citizens by voting in all elections. Certain state and federal restrictions and obligations, however,
are placed on our Companies and Covered Persons, including Covered Persons’ spouses and dependent children (“Family
Members”), in connection with their political contributions and solicitation activities. For example, our investment advisers
must comply with Investment Advisers Act Rule 206(4)-5 (hereinafter, “Rule 206(4)-5”), and our broker-dealer must comply
with MSRB Rule G-37. These and other rules are intended to prevent companies from obtaining business from state and local government
entities in return for Political Contributions or fundraising.
Among other consequences, failure to comply with Rule 206(4)-5
may trigger a ban on receiving compensation for Investment Advisory Services Business for two years, and failure to comply with
MSRB Rule G-37 may prohibit our broker-dealer from engaging in municipal securities business (i.e., offering Section 529 Plans)
with an issuer for two years.
All Covered Persons must abide by the requirements of the Political
Contributions Policy, which can be found on the Compliance tab of the Company Intranet.
H. OUTSIDE
BUSINESS ACTIVITIES
Your outside business activities must not reflect adversely
on the Company or give rise to a real or apparent conflict of interest with your duties to the Company or its Clients. You must
be alert to potential conflicts of interest and be aware that you may be asked to discontinue an outside business activity if a
potential conflict arises. You may not, directly or indirectly:
(a) Accept a business
opportunity from someone doing business or seeking to do business with the Company that is made available to you because of your
position within the Company;
(b) Take for oneself
a business opportunity belonging to the Company; or
(c) Engage in a business
opportunity that competes with any of the Company’s businesses.
You are required to disclose any existing outside business
activities at the time of hire.
You must obtain pre-approval from your immediate supervisor
and your Company’s Chief Compliance Officer (or designee) for any outside business activities.
Outside
business
activities
requiring pre-approval include but are not limited to:
►
Outside
business activity for which you will be paid, including a second job;
|
►
|
Any affiliation with another public or private company, regardless of whether that
company is a for profit or not-for-profit business, or a political organization as a director, officer, advisory board member,
general partner, owner, consultant, holder of a percentage of the business voting equity interests or in any similar position;
|
|
►
|
Any governmental position, including as an elected official or as an appointee or
member, director, officer or employee of a governmental agency, authority, advisory board, or other board (e.g., school or library
board); and
|
|
►
|
Candidate for elective office.
|
A form for this purpose is located in the personal trading
system
.
You must seek new clearance for a previously approved activity whenever there is any material change in relevant
circumstances, whether arising from a change in your job, association, or role with respect to that activity or organization. You
must also notify each of the parties referenced above regarding any material change in the terms of your outside activity or when
your outside activity terminates. On an annual basis you are required to provide an update related to any approved activity.
I. SERVICE
AS DIRECTOR OF ANY UNAFFILIATED ORGANIZATION
You may not serve on the board of directors or other
governing board of any unaffiliated organization unless you have received the prior written approval of your Company’s Chief
Compliance Officer or Chief Legal Officer, or the AAMA LP General Counsel or AGI U.S. Holdings General Counsel. Approval will not
be given unless a determination is made that your service on the board would be consistent with the interests of Clients. If you
are permitted to serve on the board of a public company, you may also be subject to additional requirements.
[9]
J. PRIVACY
The Company considers the protection of Client and employee
non-public personal information to be a fundamental aspect of sound business practice and is committed to maintaining the confidentiality,
integrity, and security of such information in accordance with applicable law. In support of this commitment, the Company has developed
policies and procedures, including a
Written Information Security Program Governing the Protection of Non-Public Personal Information
,
that protect the confidentiality of non-public personal information while allowing for the continuous needs of Clients and employees
to be served. All Covered Persons, including Temporary Employees, who have access to non-public personal information, are subject
to the applicable requirements set forth in the Company’s privacy program. Covered Persons are required to report to their
Privacy Officer or Privacy Committee any suspicious or unauthorized use of Client or employee non-public personal information or
non-compliance with the privacy program by employees of the Company. The Privacy Policy and Written Information Security Program
can be found on the Compliance tab of the Company Intranet.
K. POLICY
FOR REPORTING SUSPICIOUS ACTIVITIES AND CONCERNS
Reporting Responsibility
Any Covered Person who reasonably believes a
violation of law, regulation, or any Company policy is occurring or has occurred, must promptly report that information. Examples
of the types of reporting required include, but are not limited to, potential violations of applicable laws, rules and regulations;
fraud or illegal acts involving any aspect of the Company’s business; material misstatements in regulatory filings, internal
books and records, or Client records and reports; activity that is harmful to Clients; and deviations from required controls and
procedures that safeguard Clients and the Company. Covered Persons involved with our Fund business are also required to report
complaints or concerns with regard to any accounting matter or any act or failure that could constitute, (1) a potential violation
of any rule or regulation of the SEC, (2) a potential violation of any provision of federal law relating to the Funds (including
fraud against shareholders), or (3) a potential violation of any Fund policies or procedures, including compliance policies.
How to Report
A suspected violation may be reported on an anonymous
basis by calling the toll-free reporting number at (877) 628-7486 or by accessing the related internet site at https://allianzgi-us.alertline.com.
Suspected violations may also be reported to the relevant Company’s Chief Legal Officer or Chief Compliance Officer, or to
the AAMA LP General Counsel or AGI U.S. Holdings General Counsel. Suspected violations of Human Resources policies and suspected
employment-related violations may also be reported to the Human Resources Department. Suspected violations involving the Funds
should be reported in accordance with the Funds’ Policy for Reporting Suspicious Activities and Concerns, which can be found
on the Compliance tab of the Company Intranet.
Investigation of Suspected Violations
Information about a suspected violation will promptly
be brought to the attention of the AAMA LP General Counsel or the AGI U.S. Holdings General Counsel, and appropriate action will
be taken to investigate the suspected violation. This action may (but need not) include use of internal counsel and other personnel
and/or retention of experts or advisors, such as external counsel, accountants or other experts. The Covered Person who reported
the information will be informed of the status of any investigation. Details of the suspected violation may be reported to the
person(s) under investigation (unless doing so could compromise the investigation), appropriate management including legal and
compliance officers of the Company, the Funds, and, if required, applicable regulatory and law enforcement authorities. Covered
Persons who make an anonymous report may periodically call the toll-free reporting number to obtain the status of an investigation.
NON-RETALIATION POLICY
Retaliation against a Covered Person who reports suspected
violations is prohibited. The Company and Covered Persons are prohibited from discharging, demoting, suspending, threatening, harassing,
or in any other manner discriminating against a Covered Person in the terms and conditions of the Covered Person’s employment
because of:
-
any lawful act done by the Covered
Person to provide information, cause information to be provided in accordance with this policy, or otherwise assist in an investigation
regarding any conduct which the Covered Person reasonably believes is reportable under this policy;
-
any disclosure of suspected unlawful
activity to a governmental or law enforcement agency if the Covered Person has reasonable cause to believe unlawful activity has
occurred;
-
any refusal to participate in an activity
that would result in a violation of state or federal statute, or a violation of or noncompliance with a state or federal rule or
regulation; and
-
the exercise of legal rights in a Covered
Person’s present or former employment.
This policy is intended to create an environment
where Covered Persons can act without fear of reprisal or retaliation. In order to monitor whether a Covered Person is being subjected
to reprisals or retaliation, the AAMA LP General Counsel or the AGI U.S. Holdings General Counsel (or designee) may from time to
time contact the Covered Person to determine whether any changes in the reporting person’s work situation have occurred as
a result of providing information about a suspected violation. If the AAMA LP General Counsel or the AGI U.S. Holdings General
Counsel determines that any reprisal or retaliation has occurred, a report of this shall be made to appropriate management if the
Covered Person consents. Any Covered Person who feels he or she has been the subject of reprisal or retaliation because of his
or her providing information should immediately notify the AAMA LP General Counsel or the AGI U.S. Holdings General Counsel.
IV.
CODE OF ETHICS
|
A.
|
PERSONAL SECURITIES TRANSACTIONS POLICY
|
INTRODUCTION
Personal securities transactions by investment management
and investment company personnel continue to be an area of heightened scrutiny by regulators and auditors during their examinations
and reviews. The SEC, the ICI, the IAA and the CFA Institute have published reports and standards, and the SEC has issued rules
and regulations, regarding personal securities trading by employees of investment management and investment company firms.
The Company has established this Policy under the Code
of Ethics in order to prevent and detect inappropriate personal trading practices and activities by Covered Persons. The restrictions
on personal trading are stringent because they address both insider trading prohibitions and the fiduciary duty to place the interests
of our Clients ahead of personal investment interests. The rules regarding personal securities transactions that are contained
in this Policy are designed to address or mitigate potential conflicts of interest and to minimize any potential appearance of
impropriety.
This Policy applies to all categories of Covered Persons.
You must be familiar with the applicable personal trading, pre-clearance, reporting and certification requirements set forth in
this Policy and must be careful to conduct your personal securities trading in accordance with all requirements of this Policy.
Certain persons who are employees of an Affiliate are
associated with the Company (“Associated Persons"). Associated Persons include anyone who would otherwise be categorized
as an Access Person under the Policy but is not a Covered Person. Associated Persons are subject to the respective Code of Ethics
of the Affiliate with whom they are employed (collectively “Associated Person Codes”). Any Associated Person who would
otherwise be subject to this Policy, who is subject to an Associated Person Code and who complies with such Associated Person Code,
shall not be subject to the provisions of this Policy. Associated Persons are subject to the oversight and supervision of the applicable
U.S. registered investment adviser with respect to their activities on behalf of U.S. Clients and their personal trading activities.
It is important to note that the personal trading and
reporting policies and requirements in this Policy generally apply to Securities with respect to which you have or will acquire
Beneficial Ownership, which you may have either directly, or
indirectly
, including through holdings of certain other individuals
(such as members of your immediate family sharing the same household and other individuals for whom you provide significant economic
support) or holdings in certain trusts for which you serve as trustee or settlor
or in various vehicles or accounts (such as a general
or limited partnership for which you serve as a general partner, a limited liability company for which you serve as a manager-member,
or your 401(k), defined contribution retirement account or individual retirement account). The determination of whether you have
Beneficial Ownership of a particular Security can be complicated, and you should consult the Code of Ethics Office if you have
any questions.
A glossary of terms contained within this Policy is
set forth in the “Definitions” section at the end of this document for your reference.
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
I.
|
General Policy Statement
|
|
22
|
|
A.
Fiduciary Duty of Our Investment Advisers
|
|
|
|
B.
Compliance with Federal Securities Laws and Regulations
|
|
|
II.
|
Categories of Covered Persons
|
|
22
|
|
A.
Temporary Employees
|
|
|
III.
|
Exempt Securities
|
|
24
|
IV.
|
Pre-Clearance Procedures
|
|
24
|
|
A.
Personal Trading System
|
|
|
|
B.
How Long are Approvals Effective?
|
|
|
|
C.
Special Pre-Clearance Requirements
|
|
|
V.
|
Pre-Clearance Exemptions
|
|
25
|
VI.
|
Blackout Periods – Client Trades
|
|
26
|
|
A.
De Minimis Transactions
|
|
|
|
B.
Blackout Periods for Investment Persons
|
|
|
|
C.
Blackout Periods for Access Persons (other than Investment Persons)
|
|
|
|
D.
Liquidation Exemption from the Blackout Periods
|
|
|
VII.
|
Blackout Periods – Allianz SE and Affiliated Securities
|
|
30
|
|
A.
Blackout Periods – Allianz SE Shares
|
|
|
|
B.
Blackout Periods – Affiliated Open-End Mutual Funds
|
|
|
|
C.
Blackout Periods – Affiliated Closed-End Funds
|
|
|
VIII.
|
30-Day Holding Period for Affiliated Funds
|
|
31
|
IX.
|
Ban on Short-Term Trading Profits
|
|
31
|
X.
|
Restricted/Watch Lists
|
|
32
|
|
A.
AllianzAM Global Restricted List
|
|
|
|
B.
Other Restricted/Watch Lists
|
|
|
XI.
|
Affiliated Closed-End Funds – Special Pre-Clearance Procedures
|
|
33
|
XII.
|
Public Offerings
|
|
33
|
XIII.
|
Private Placements
|
|
34
|
XIV.
|
Reportable Accounts
|
|
35
|
|
A.
Accounts Required to be Reported
|
|
|
|
B.
Designated Broker-Dealers
|
|
|
|
C.
Non-Designated Broker-Dealers
|
|
|
XV.
|
Reporting and Certification Requirements
|
|
37
|
XVI.
|
Exemptions from this Policy
|
|
38
|
XVII.
|
Consequences of Violations of this Policy
|
|
38
|
XVIII.
|
Reporting of Violations
|
|
39
|
XIX.
|
Questions Concerning this Policy
|
|
39
|
XX.
|
Code of Ethics Office Contact Information
|
|
39
|
XXI.
|
Definitions
|
|
39
|
I.
GENERAL POLICY STATEMENT
A.
Fiduciary Duty of our Investment Advisers
Our investment advisers owe a fiduciary duty to the
Clients for which they serve as an adviser or sub-adviser. Covered Persons of our investment advisers must avoid activities, interests,
and relationships that could interfere or appear to interfere with our advisers’ fiduciary duties. Accordingly, at all times,
Covered Persons must place the interests of Clients first and scrupulously avoid serving their own personal interests ahead of
the interests of Clients. Covered Persons may not cause a Client to take action, or not to take action, for their personal benefit
rather than for the benefit of the Client. For example, you would violate the Policy if you caused a Client to purchase a Security
you owned for the purpose of increasing the price of that Security. If you are an Investment Person of the Company, you would also
violate this Policy if you made a personal investment in a Security that might be an appropriate investment for a Client without
first considering the Security as an investment for the Client. Investment opportunities of limited availability that are suitable
for Clients also must be considered for purchase for such Clients before an Investment Person may personally trade in them. Such
opportunities include, but are not limited to, investments in initial public offerings and private placements.
B.
Compliance with Federal Securities Laws and Regulations
At all times, Covered Persons must comply with applicable
Federal Securities Laws and Regulations. You are not permitted to: (i) defraud a Client in any manner; (ii) mislead a Client, including
making a statement that omits material facts; (iii) engage in any act, practice or course of conduct which operates or would operate
as a fraud or deceit upon a Client; (iv) engage in any manipulative practice with respect to a Client; (v) engage in any manipulative
practices with respect to securities, including price manipulation; or (vi) otherwise violate applicable Federal Securities Laws
and regulations. AGID Covered Persons and/or AGID Registered Representatives must also comply with applicable NASD/FINRA and MSRB
rules and AGIFM and AGI U.S. Covered Persons must also comply with applicable Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”)
regulations. In the event that you are unsure of any such laws or regulations, consult your Legal Department.
II.
CATEGORIES OF COVERED PERSONS
Different requirements and limitations on Covered Persons are based on their
activities and roles within the Company. Covered Persons are assigned one of the following categories as listed below.
Please note your category under this Policy may change
if your position within the Company changes or if you are transferred to another department or Company. You will be notified in
the event that your category changes. If you have any questions regarding your category, please contact the Code of Ethics Office.
Access
Person
:
An Access Person is any Covered Person who satisfies
the definition of “Access Person” of the Company as defined in Rule 204A-1(e)(1) under the Advisers Act and/or “Access
Person” with respect to an Affiliate Fund as defined in Rule 17j-1(a)(1) under the 1940 Act. An Access Person generally includes
any Covered Person who:
(1) has access to nonpublic information
regarding any Clients’ purchase or sale of Securities;
(2) has access to nonpublic information
regarding the portfolio holdings of any Clients;
(3) is involved in making Securities
recommendations to Clients;
(4) has access to Securities recommendations
to Clients that are nonpublic; or
(5) is an Investment Person as defined
below.
Investment
Person
:
An Investment Person is a subset of Access Person who,
in connection with his/her regular functions and duties:
(1) makes, or participates in making,
recommendations regarding the purchase or sale of
Securities on behalf of any Client;
(2) provides information or advice
with respect to a purchase or sale of Securities to a portfolio
manager; or
(3) helps to execute a portfolio manager’s
investment recommendations.
Generally, Investment Persons include, but are not limited
to, portfolio managers, research analysts, and traders.
Non-Access
Person
:
A Non-Access Person is any Covered Person of the Company who does not satisfy the definition of Access
Person above. Non-Access Persons, who are not Temporary Employees, are only subject to the following sections of this Policy:
1. Blackout Periods – Allianz
SE Shares
2. Blackout Periods – Affiliated
Open-End Mutual Funds
3. Blackout Periods – Affiliated
Closed-End Funds
4. Affiliated Closed-End Funds
– Special Pre-Clearance Procedures
5. Public Offerings
6. Private Placements
7. Reporting and Certification Requirements
– Non-Access Persons
In addition, any Covered Person may be designated as
an Access Person or an Investment Person by the Code of Ethics Office and, if so, shall comply with this Policy according to such
designation.
A.
Temporary Employees
A Temporary Employee’s status is determined upon
the start of his/her assignment with the Company. Temporary Employees designated as Non-Access Persons are only subject to the
provisions of the Code of Business Conduct and not subject to this Policy. Temporary Employees designated as Access Persons or
Investment Persons are subject to both the Code of Business Conduct and the Code of Ethics, including the provisions applicable
to Access Persons or Investment Persons under this Policy.
III.
EXEMPT SECURITIES
SEC Rule 204A-1 treats all Securities as “Reportable
Securities” with five exceptions as described below. As a result, this Policy does not apply to any of the following types
of Securities or instruments (“Exempt Securities”). You may engage in transactions in any Exempt Security without obtaining
pre-clearance. Further, you are not required to report transactions in Exempt Securities.
-
Direct obligations of the Government
of the United States, such as Treasury Notes, Treasury Bonds, Treasury Bills and U.S. Savings Bonds.
-
Money market instruments, such as bankers’
acceptances, bank certificates of deposit, commercial paper, and high quality short-term debt instruments, including repurchase
agreements.
-
Shares of money market funds,
including
money market funds that are advised by AGIFM or its U.S. Affiliates or distributed by AGID or PIMCO Investments LLC.
-
Shares of unaffiliated open-end mutual
funds.
Caution:
Shares of Affiliated
Open-End Mutual Funds are
not
Exempt Securities.
-
Shares of unit investment trusts that
are invested exclusively in one or more unaffiliated open-end mutual funds.
Caution:
Shares of unit
investment trusts that are invested in one or more Affiliated Open-End Mutual Funds and/or other types of Securities are
not
Exempt Securities.
Similarly, this Policy does not apply to trades in derivatives
based on any of the above listed Securities.
IV.
PRE-CLEARANCE PROCEDURES
Access Persons and Investment Persons are required
to obtain pre-approval for personal trades in accordance with specific procedures as described below.
Failure to adhere to the following pre-clearance requirements
is a serious breach of this Policy and may be considered a violation. In the event that you fail to pre-clear a transaction, you
may be required to cancel, liquidate or otherwise unwind your trade and/or disgorge any profits realized in connection with the
trade. Please refer to the section “Consequences of Violations of this Policy” for further discussion regarding violations.
A.
Personal Trading System
Access Persons and Investment Persons are required to
pre-clear all personal transactions in Securities through the Company’s personal trading system, with the exception of (i)
transactions in Exempt Securities; and (ii) transactions listed under Pre-Clearance Exemptions.
Upon submitting a pre-clearance request through
the personal trading system, you will receive an approval or denial message in connection with your request. Although the Company
retains records of all electronic pre-clearance requests, it is recommended that you print and retain copies for your records.
If you are out of the office and want to make
a personal trade, but do not have access to the system, send an e-mail request to the Code of Ethics Office with the proposed trade
details. The Code of Ethics Office
will enter your trade request through the personal
trading system on your behalf and notify you whether the trade request has been approved or denied.
Instructions and a link to the personal trading system
can be found on the Compliance tab of the Company Intranet.
B.
How Long are Approvals Effective?
Pre-clearance approvals for securities
traded
on a U.S. exchange or in a U.S. market
are effective until the close of business on the day that your pre-clearance
request has been approved. Pre-clearance approvals for securities
traded on a foreign exchange or in a foreign market
are effective until the close of business on the business day following approval of your pre-clearance request. If you want
to modify your trade request previously submitted in any way (e.g., date of execution or share quantity), you must submit a new
pre-clearance request.
C.
Special Pre-Clearance Requirements
You may be subject to special pre-clearance requirements
either in addition to, or in place of, those pre-clearance requirements described in this section. Such requirements may be necessary
due to your particular position within the Company or if your position requires you to have access to Non-Public Information of
an Affiliate. In such cases, the Code of Ethics Office notifies you of any special pre-clearance requirements.
V.
PRE-CLEARANCE EXEMPTIONS
The following types of transactions are
not
subject to the pre-clearance requirements of this Policy. You are not required to pre-clear transactions for which you do not exercise
investment discretion at the time of the transactions (“non-volitional transactions”) or certain other automated transactions.
The transactions listed below are, however, required to be reported through your trade confirmations and/or account statements,
unless noted otherwise
.
-
Purchases and sales of Affiliated Open-End
Mutual Funds.
-
Purchases and sales of unaffiliated
exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”).
Note:
(1) Affiliated ETFs
are subject to pre-clearance and reporting; and (2) closed-end funds are not ETFs.
-
Purchases and sales of instruments
issued by the national governments of the G8 member countries.
Note:
Instruments issued
by the U.S. Government are Exempt Securities and are not subject to pre-clearance or reporting.
-
Transactions in Securities made in
an account that is fully managed by a third party.
Note:
Transactions in
an account which is fully managed by a third party are not subject to reporting. You are however required to initially notify the
COE office of such an account. Refer to the section “Reportable Accounts / Accounts Required to be Reported” for additional
information pertaining to accounts fully managed by a third party.
-
Purchases and sales of Securities in
accordance with a pre-set amount or pre-determined schedule effected through an automatic investment plan or dividend reinvestment
plan (DRIP). This includes the automatic reinvestment of dividends, income or interest received from a Security in such plans or
any other type of account.
Note:
The purchase or
sale of Securities
outside
of a pre-set amount and/or pre-determined schedule in such plans is subject to pre-clearance
and reporting.
-
Purchases of Securities by exercise
of rights issued to the holders of a class of Securities pro rata, to the extent they are issued with respect to Securities of
which you have Beneficial Ownership.
-
Acquisitions or dispositions of Securities
as the result of a stock dividend, stock split, reverse stock split, merger, consolidation, spin-off or other similar corporate
distribution or reorganization applicable to holders of a class of Securities of which you have Beneficial Ownership.
-
The automatic exercise or liquidation
by an exchange of an in-the-money derivative instrument upon expiration, the delivery of Securities pursuant to a written option
that is exercised against you and the assignment of options.
-
Transactions in 529 Plans.
Note:
Transactions in
529 Plans that are
not
distributed by AGID are not reportable.
-
Transactions in variable annuity accounts.
-
The transfer of Securities between
accounts.
-
Gifts of Securities received.
VI.
BLACKOUT PERIODS – CLIENT TRADES
Potential conflicts of interest are of particular concern
when an Access Person or Investment Person buys or sells a Security at or near the same time as the Company buys or sells that
Security or an Equivalent Security for Client accounts. The potential appearance of impropriety in such cases is particularly severe
if the Access Person or Investment Person acts as the portfolio manager or in another investment related capacity for the Client
account in question.
To reduce the potential for conflicts of interest
and the potential appearance of impropriety that can arise in such situations, this Policy prohibits Access Persons and Investment
Persons from trading during a certain period before and after trades on behalf of Clients. The period during which personal securities
transactions is prohibited is commonly referred to as a “blackout period.” The applicable blackout period depends on
(i) whether your transaction is classified as a De Minimis Transaction as defined below; and (ii) whether you are an Access Person
or an Investment Person.
“Clients” for purposes of the blackout
periods depends on which Clients’ non-public orders, trades and/or portfolio holdings the Access Person or Investment Person
has access to. For example, an Access Person or Investment Person may be associated with one or more of the following: (i) the
Funds; (ii) NFJ Clients and/or (iii) Allianz Global Investors Clients.
The Company recognizes that the application of
the blackout period during the period prior to Client transactions may result in inadvertent violations of this Policy from time
to time. Nevertheless, virtually every industry group that has examined the issues surrounding personal securities trading has
recommended the imposition of a blackout period. As a result, Covered Persons should consider carefully the potential consequences
of the applicable blackout period before engaging in personal securities transactions in Securities which the Company holds, or
might consider holding, in Client accounts. If your personal securities transaction in a particular Security is executed within
the applicable blackout period, you may be required to cancel, liquidate or otherwise unwind the transaction and/or disgorge any
profits realized in connection with the transaction.
If you have any questions about the application
of the blackout periods to a particular situation, please contact the Code of Ethics Office
before
you submit a trade request.
The blackout periods below apply to both Securities
and
Equivalent Securities.
Caution:
Because of the many variations and complexities
of options transactions, you are strongly encouraged to seek guidance from the Code of Ethics Office if you are unsure whether
a particular option is deemed to be an Equivalent Security.
A.
De Minimis Transactions
The following types of transactions are defined
as “De Minimis Transactions” under this Policy. Such transactions are either highly liquid, present no conflict or
present a low-risk conflict with Client transactions. De Minimis Transactions
are
required to be pre-cleared and reported.
-
Purchases and sales of a Security or
an Equivalent Security that,
in the aggregate
, do not exceed 5,000 shares per day per issuer with a total market
capitalization of
$10 billion or greater
at the time of investment.
Note:
1 option contract
is generally equivalent to 100 shares of the option’s underlying Security.
Issuer market capitalization amounts may
change from time to time. Accordingly, you may purchase a Security that has a market capitalization of greater than $10 billion
only to find out that you cannot sell the Security at a later date because the market capitalization has fallen below $10 billion
and your trade is during a blackout period in connection with a Client trade in the same Security or Equivalent Security. If you
are unsure whether a Security meets the market capitalization criteria, please contact the Code of Ethics Office.
-
Purchases and sales of index options
or index futures on an index (regardless of strike price or expiration date) that,
in the aggregate
, do not exceed
100 contracts per day.
-
Purchases or sales of fixed-income
Securities issued by agencies or instrumentalities of, or unconditionally guaranteed by, the Government of the United States.
-
Purchases or sales of unaffiliated
closed-end funds.
Caution:
Purchases or
sales of Affiliated Closed-End Funds are
not
deemed to be De Minimis Transactions.
-
Purchases or sales of unaffiliated
exchange-traded notes (“ETNs”).
Caution:
Purchases or
sales of Affiliated ETNs are
not
deemed to be De Minimis Transactions
.
-
Short sales of any De Minimis Transaction
or derivatives of any De Minimis Transaction where the underlying amount of Securities controlled is an amount otherwise permitted
in this section.
Note
: De Minimis Transactions are subject
to a ban on short-term trading profits as described in the section “Ban on Short-Term Trading Profits”, with the exception
of (i) purchases or sales of index options or index futures; and (ii) purchases or sales of unaffiliated ETNs, and options thereon.
B.
Blackout Periods for Investment Persons
The blackout periods for Investment Persons as
described below do not apply to: (i) Exempt Securities; or (ii) the transactions listed under Pre-Clearance Exemptions.
De Minimis Transactions
Investment Persons may not purchase or sell Securities
if,
on the day of pre-clearance
:
|
(i)
|
there is a pending buy or sell order in the same Security
or an Equivalent Security on behalf of Clients for which the Investment Person, or a member of the Investment Person’s team,
has discretion; or
|
|
(ii)
|
the same Security or an Equivalent Security is purchased
or sold on behalf of Clients for which the Investment Person, or a member of the Investment Person’s team, has discretion.
|
Non-De Minimis Transactions
Investment Persons may not purchase or sell Securities
if:
|
(i)
|
the same Security or an Equivalent Security has been purchased
or sold on behalf of Clients
within the 5 business days prior to the day of pre-clearance
;
|
|
(ii)
|
there is a pending buy or sell order in the same Security
or an Equivalent Security on behalf of Clients
on the day of pre-clearance
;
|
|
(iii)
|
the same Security or an Equivalent Security is purchased
or sold on behalf of Clients
on the day of pre-clearance
; or
|
|
(iv)
|
the same Security or an Equivalent Security is purchased
or sold on behalf of Clients for which the Investment Person, or a member of the Investment Person’s team, has discretion,
within the 5 business days after the day of pre-clearance
.
|
Summary of Blackout Periods for Investment
Persons
Time Period
|
De Minimis Transactions
|
Non-De Minimis Transactions
|
5 Business Days Prior to Day of Pre-Clearance
|
None
|
Trades for Clients
|
Day of Pre-Clearance
|
Orders/Trades for Clients for which the IP, or a member of the IP’s team, has discretion
|
Orders/Trades for Clients
|
5 Business Days After Day of Pre-Clearance
|
None
|
Trades for Clients for which the IP, or a member of the IP’s team, has discretion
|
Note:
The specific Client accounts an
Investment Person has discretion over is determined by the Code of Ethics Office in conjunction with your local Compliance Department.
C.
Blackout Periods for Access Persons (other than Investment Persons)
The blackout periods for Access Persons (other than
Investment Persons) as described below do not apply to: (i) Exempt Securities; or (ii) the transactions listed under Pre-Clearance
Exemptions.
De Minimis Transactions
Access Persons are
not
subject
to a blackout period for De Minimis Transactions.
Non-De Minimis Transactions
Access Persons may not purchase or sell Securities
if,
at the time of pre-clearance
:
|
(i)
|
there is a pending buy or sell order on behalf of Clients
in the same Security or an Equivalent Security; or
|
|
(ii)
|
the same Security or an Equivalent Security is purchased
or sold on behalf of Clients
during the period beginning 5 business days before the day on which the Access Person requests
pre-clearance to trade in the Security, and ending on the day the Access Person requests pre-clearance, up until the time of pre-clearance
.
|
Summary of Blackout Periods for Access
Persons
Time Period
|
De Minimis Transactions
|
Non-De Minimis Transactions
|
5 Business Days Prior to Day of Pre-Clearance
|
None
|
Trades for Clients
|
Day of Pre-Clearance
|
None
|
Orders/Trades for Clients, up until the time of pre-clearance
|
5 Business Days After Day of Pre-Clearance
|
None
|
None
|
D.
Liquidation Exemption from the Blackout Periods
You may sell up to 5,000 shares of any Security, and
not be subject to the applicable blackout periods described in this section,
provided the following conditions are satisfied
:
|
1.
|
Such transactions may only be executed on dates pre-determined
by the Company. These dates are posted on the Compliance tab of the Company Intranet.
|
|
2.
|
A written notification of such trades must be submitted
to the Code of Ethics Office at least 2 weeks prior to the pre-determined trade dates.
|
|
3.
|
If your order is not completed by your broker on the pre-determined
trade date, you must cancel the remaining uncompleted order.
|
|
4.
|
You may only provide such notification for up to 6 transactions
each calendar year regardless of whether or not the orders are executed.
|
VII.
BLACKOUT PERIODS – ALLIANZ SE AND AFFILIATED SECURITIES
A.
Blackout Periods - Allianz SE Shares
You are prohibited from trading in Allianz SE
shares (including ADRs) during certain periods of the year, generally surrounding the release of annual financial statements and
quarterly results. This restriction also applies to transactions that completely or in part refer to Allianz SE company shares
(or derivatives thereof) which involve the exercise of cash settled options or any kind of rights granted under compensation or
incentive programs such as Stock Appreciation Rights (“SARS”), Phantom Stocks or Participation Schemes. Any exercise
with direct cash-out payments are equivalent to the outright sale of Allianz SE shares held by you and therefore, would not be
permitted during such a blackout period.
Note:
The sale of shares from your Allianz ESPP
account requires pre-clearance. You are
not
permitted to sell shares of Allianz SE stock from your Allianz ESPP account
during the blackout periods.
Please refer to the Compliance tab of the Company Intranet for the respective blackout periods
relating to Allianz SE shares
.
B.
Blackout Periods – Affiliated Open-End Mutual Funds
A personal trading blackout may be put in place
in connection with shares of an Affiliated Open-End Mutual Fund up until the release of certain information regarding the Fund
to the public. Reasons for a personal trading blackout with respect to a Fund may include, but are not limited to: (i) an upcoming
change in portfolio management; (ii) a planned reorganization of the Fund, including a merger into an existing Fund; or (iii) an
anticipated dissolution/liquidation of the Fund. Please note that the information regarding the Fund is confidential and must not
be discussed with, or disclosed to, anyone outside of the Company.
Note:
Such a blackout period applies to
all share classes across all Accounts in which you are a Beneficial Owner, including transactions in your Allianz 401(k) Plan that
are
not
effected through your automatic investment plan, such as rebalancing transactions and fund transfers.
Any transactions during the blackout period in
the particular Affiliated Open-End Mutual Fund are considered a violation of this Policy and subject to remedial actions which
may include, but not be limited to, personal trading bans and/or disgorgement of profits.
Covered Persons are notified of such a personal trading
blackout for an Affiliated Open-End Mutual Fund in advance of the blackout period. Information pertaining to a firm-wide blackout
period for a Fund is posted on the Compliance tab of the Company Intranet.
C.
Blackout Periods – Affiliated Closed-End Funds
Affiliated Closed-End Funds are subject to blackout
periods surrounding a Fund’s dividend declaration press release and quarterly earnings release that may prevent you from
purchasing or selling the Fund. Affiliated Closed-End Funds may also be subject to blackout periods surrounding events involving
Funds that have not yet been disclosed to the public.
Note:
Refer to the AGI Closed-End Funds
Dividend Blackout Calendar posted on the Compliance tab of the Company Intranet.
VIII.
30-DAY HOLDING PERIOD FOR AFFILIATED FUNDS
Access Persons and Investment Persons are subject
to a 30-day holding period with respect to active purchases of Affiliated Funds
[10]
.
You may not sell an Affiliated Fund prior to 30 calendar days from its purchase, regardless of whether the sale is at a profit
or at a loss. If the purchase of an Affiliated Fund is considered to be made on day 1, day 31 is the first day a sale of the Affiliated
Fund may be made. This holding restriction does
not
apply to automatic payroll contributions to your Allianz 401(k) Plan
or automatic reinvestments of dividends, income or interest received from the Fund. The 30-day holding period begins on the day
of your last purchase of any applicable Fund (e.g., Last In, First Out or “LIFO” accounting method).
The 30-day holding period is applicable on an
account-by-account basis. Non-automated transactions in the Allianz 401(k) Plan (i.e., rebalancing and fund transfers) are also
monitored for the 30-day holding period.
If you are unsure whether a Fund is “Affiliated”
(i.e., is advised by AGIFM and/or distributed by AGID or PIMCO Investments LLC), please contact the Code of Ethics Office.
A complete list of third party funds sub-advised by
the Company can be found on the Compliance tab of the Company Intranet. This list excludes third party funds sub-advised by PIMCO
which are not subject to this restriction.
IX.
BAN ON SHORT-TERM TRADING PROFITS
Frequent personal trading can cause distraction
from your job and, in turn, conflict with your fiduciary duty to the Company’s Clients. Short-term trading also involves
higher risks of front running and abuse of confidential information. Access Persons and Investment Persons are prohibited from
profiting from the purchase and sale (or in the case of short sales or similar transactions, the sale and purchase) of the
same
Securities
within 30 calendar days
.
The ban on short-term trading profits is applicable
on an account-by-account basis. A series of purchases and sales is measured on a last-in, first-out basis (“LIFO” accounting
method) until all purchases and sales transactions of the same Security within a 30 calendar day period in a Reportable Account
are matched. A purchase or sale is ordinarily deemed to occur on trade date. If the purchase is considered to be made on day 1,
day 31 is the first day a sale of those Securities may be made at a profit.
Note:
Unlike the 30-day holding period
for Affiliated Funds which requires you to hold the Fund for 30 calendar days, you may sell Securities (other than Affiliated Funds)
at a loss
within 30 calendar days (subject to pre-clearance, where applicable) without violating this restriction.
Securities may be repurchased within 30 calendar
days of a sale provided there are no additional conflicts with this Policy.
Any short-term trade that violates this restriction
may be required to be unwound and/or any profits realized on the transaction may be required to be disgorged.
The ban on short-term trading profits does
not apply to the following:
-
Exempt Securities;
-
ETNs or options on ETNs;
-
Index Options and Index Futures;
-
Transactions listed under Pre-Clearance
Exemptions, with the exception of purchases and sales of instruments issued by the national governments of the G8 member countries;
or
-
Affiliated Funds.
Note that there
is a 30-day holding period for Affiliated Funds
.
X.
RESTRICTED/WATCH LISTS
A.
AllianzAM Global Restricted List
The AllianzAM Global Restricted List includes
companies in which the trading of securities is restricted for certain types of accounts. Such restrictions may be applicable to
trades for Clients, trades for proprietary accounts and/or for personal securities transactions. Issuers may be added to the AllianzAM
Global Restricted List for a variety of reasons, such as the following: (i) the issuer being a traded affiliate; (ii) an affiliated
Company having inside information about a particular issuer; or (iii) to ensure that the aggregate group holding does not breach
a particular threshold.
Access Persons and Investment Persons are prohibited
from trading in any Securities by issuers on the AllianzAM Global Restricted List if such restrictions apply to personal account
dealings.
B.
Other Restricted/Watch Lists
From time to time, your Company may place restrictions
on personal trading in the Securities of a company. Restrictions may be implemented, for example, to enhance an information barrier
by preventing the appearance of impropriety in connection with trading, or preventing the use or appearance of the use of inside
information. Access Persons and Investment Persons are prohibited from trading in the Securities of any issuer on such a restricted
list if the restrictions apply to personal account dealings.
Your Company may also place the Securities of a company
on a watch list. In such cases, the Code of Ethics Office reviews any personal trading activity in the Securities of an issuer
on the watch list on a post-trade basis and evaluates whether there is any appearance of impropriety with respect to the personal
trades by that Access Person or Investment Person.
XI.
AFFILIATED CLOSED-END FUNDS – SPECIAL PRE-CLEARANCE PROCEDURES
Covered Persons who want to purchase or sell an Affiliated
Closed-End Fund must complete and submit the form for this purpose through the personal trading system. In determining whether
to grant approval for the trade, the Code of Ethics Office makes an assessment as to whether the transaction complies with this
Policy, including the 30-Day Holding Period applicable to Affiliated Closed-End Funds. In addition, the respective Company’s
CCO (or designee) for third party funds sub-advised by a Company verifies that your transaction does not conflict with any specific
Fund information. Your request will be denied if the transaction would violate any requirements of this Policy.
Section 16 Requirements
Common shares of closed-end funds are registered under
Section 12 of the Exchange Act. As such, there are specific reporting requirements and trading prohibitions under Sections 16(a)
and 16(b) of the Exchange Act and Section 30(h) of the Investment Company Act if you are deemed to be a “Section 16 Person”
with respect to a closed-end fund that include special filing obligations with the SEC. The Company’s Legal Department will
notify you in the in the event that you are deemed to be a Section 16 Person in connection with an Affiliated Closed-End Fund.
Even though individuals are personally responsible to file the forms with the SEC under Section 16, the Company’s Legal Department
will
manage the Section 16 filings on your behalf, if authorized
by you. In connection with Affiliated Closed-End Funds, if you are a Section 16 Person, the COE Office must provide your trade
execution details to the Legal Department or to the respective Company’s CCO (or designee) for third party closed-end funds
sub-advised by a Company within one business day for filing purposes.
In addition, Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act (together
with Section 30 (h)) prohibits Section 16 Persons from profiting from the purchase and sale, or sale and purchase, of an applicable
Closed-End Fund within a six month period (referred to as “short-swing profits”). Any such profits realized are required
to be forfeited to the applicable Closed-End Fund.
XII. PUBLIC
OFFERINGS
Acquisitions of Securities in a public offering
are subject to special pre-clearance procedures. Public offerings give rise to potential conflicts of interest that are greater
than those present in other types of personal securities transactions since such offerings are generally only offered to institutional
and retail investors who have a relationship with the underwriters involved in the offering. In order to preclude any possibility
of a Covered Person profiting from his/her position with the Company, the following rules apply to public offerings.
Initial Public Offerings – Equity Securities
You are prohibited from purchasing equity and
equity-related Securities in IPOs of those Securities in the U.S., whether or not the Company is participating in the offering
on behalf of its Client accounts.
You are prohibited from purchasing equity and
equity-related Securities in IPOs of those Securities outside of the U.S., whether or not the Company is participating in the offering
on behalf of its Client accounts, except that you may participate in a
retail tranche
of such IPOs if available and subject
to pre-clearance approval.
Secondary Offerings – Equity Securities
Subject to pre-clearance approval, you are generally
permitted to purchase equity and equity-related Securities in secondary offerings of those Securities if the Company does not hold
the Security on behalf of its Client accounts, and if no portfolio manager of the Company wishes to participate in the offering
for Client accounts.
Debt Offerings
Subject to pre-clearance approval, you are permitted
to purchase debt Securities in public offerings of those Securities, unless the Company is participating in that offering on behalf
of its Client accounts. You cannot participate in any public offering of debt Securities if the Company is participating in the
offering on behalf of its Client accounts.
Note:
These prohibitions do
not
apply to investments in public offerings by your spouse,
provided the investment pertains to your spouse’s firm of employment
.
These prohibitions also do
not
apply to investments in public offerings
if such an investment is available to the Covered
Person as a result of the Covered Person’s existing investment in a Private Placement
. However, any such investments
are subject to prior review and approval by the Code of Ethics Office.
A form for pre-clearing the purchase of Securities that
are the subject of public offerings is located in the personal trading system.
XIII.
PRIVATE PLACEMENTS
Acquisitions of Securities in a Private Placement
are subject to special pre-clearance procedures. Investments in hedge funds and PIPEs are considered to be Private Placements.
Prior approval is required by: (i) your immediate supervisor; (ii) your Company’s CIO, if applicable; and (iii) your Company’s
CCO (or designee). The form for this purpose is located in the personal trading system.
Approval will
not
be given if:
|
-
|
The investment opportunity is suitable for Clients;
|
|
-
|
The opportunity to invest has been offered to you solely
by virtue of your position; or
|
|
-
|
The opportunity to invest could be considered a favor
or gift designed to influence your judgment in the performance of your job duties or as compensation for services rendered to the
issuer.
|
Note:
You must provide documentation supporting
your investment in the Private Placement to the Code of Ethics Office upon completion of your investment. You must also notify
the Code of Ethics Office if there are any changes in the circumstances of your Private Placement investment (e.g., liquidation
or dissolution of the Company). Additional contributions to an existing Private Placement must be pre-cleared as a new Private
Placement investment. For IPOs stemming from an existing Private Placement, refer to the section “Public Offerings”.
If you are an Investment Person and you have acquired
Beneficial Ownership of Securities in a Private Placement, you must disclose your investment when you play a part in any consideration
of an investment by a Client in the issuer of the Securities, and any decision to make such an investment must be independently
reviewed by your Company’s CIO or a portfolio manager who does not have Beneficial Ownership of any Securities of the issuer.
XIV.
REPORTABLE ACCOUNTS
A.
Accounts Required to be Reported
The following personal accounts are required to be reported
to the Code of Ethics Office: (i) upon hire; (ii) upon a change in your category from Non-Access Person to Access Person or Investment
Person; (iii) at the time a new account is opened; and (iv) annually, as described in the section “Initial and Annual Reporting
and Certification Requirements”:
-
Accounts in the name of, or for the
direct or indirect benefit of:
|
(b)
|
Your spouse, domestic partner, minor children and any
other person to whom you provide significant financial support, as well as to transactions in any other account over which you
exercise investment discretion or trading authority, regardless of Beneficial Ownership.
|
-
Accounts that are fully managed by
a third party where you do not have discretion over investment selections for the account through recommendation, advice, pre-approval
or otherwise.
Note:
The Code of Ethics
Office independently verifies that the account is fully managed with your broker or financial adviser.
-
Accounts that have the ability to hold
Reportable Securities, even if the account currently only holds Exempt Securities.
Example:
If you have a
401(k) Plan with a prior employer that includes an Affiliated Open-End Mutual Fund as an investment option, the account is required
to be reported regardless of whether you hold that particular Fund in your account.
-
Accounts that are established under
the following Allianz Plans:
|
·
|
Allianz Asset Management of America L.P. Roth 401(k) Plan
|
|
·
|
Allianz Asset Executive Deferred Compensation Plan Account
(“DCP Account”)
|
|
·
|
AllianzGI Deferral into Funds Plan (“DIF Plan”)
|
|
·
|
AllianzGI Class A Shares Purchase Program (through BFDS)
|
|
·
|
AllianzGI Institutional Shares Purchase Program (through
BFDS)
|
|
·
|
Allianz Institutional Shares Purchase Program (through
Charles Schwab)
|
|
·
|
Allianz Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“Allianz ESPP”)
|
|
·
|
Allianz Personal Choice Retirement Account (“PCRA
Account”)
|
|
·
|
CollegeAccess 529 Plan distributed by AGID
|
|
·
|
MI 529 Advisor Plan distributed by AGID
|
|
·
|
OklahomaDream 529 Plan distributed by AGID
|
|
·
|
PIMCO Class A Shares Purchase Program (through BFDS)
|
|
·
|
PIMCO Institutional Shares Purchase Program (through Charles
Schwab)
|
Note:
The Code of Ethics
Office receives statements and transactions for the above listed Allianz Plans directly from the Company, the broker or the Plan
Administrator.
Examples of the types of accounts that you must report
if the account holds Reportable Securities or has the ability to hold Reportable Securities include, but are not limited to, the
following:
-
Brokerage Accounts
-
Individual Retirement Accounts (“IRAs”),
including but not limited to, Traditional IRAs, Rollover IRAs, Contributory IRAs, Roth IRAs, SEP IRAs and SIMPLE IRAs
-
401(k) Plans and Other Retirement and
Savings Accounts
-
Employee Stock Purchase Plans
-
Automatic Investment Plans
-
Dividend Reinvestment Plans (DRIPs)
-
Direct Stock Purchase Plans
-
Deferred Compensation Plan Accounts
-
Custodial Accounts
-
Trust Accounts
-
Variable Annuity Accounts
Note:
529 Plans are not Reportable unless they
are distributed by AGID.
If you are unsure whether an account is required to
be reported, please contact the Code of Ethics Office for guidance.
B.
Designated Broker-Dealers
The Company has selected certain broker-dealers
as “Designated Broker-Dealers”. A list of the Company’s Designated Broker-Dealers can be found on the Compliance
tab of the Company Intranet. The Code of Ethics Office receives automated trade confirmations and/or account statements directly
from these broker-dealers, thereby eliminating the need for you or your broker-dealer to submit copies of these documents in paper
format.
Access Persons and Investment Persons are required
to maintain their Reportable Accounts with a Designated Broker-Dealer, unless they have submitted an exception request in writing
and received approval from the Code of Ethics Office to maintain the account(s) with a non-Designated Broker-Dealer. Refer to the
section “Non-Designated Broker-Dealers”. Temporary Employees, however, are
not
subject to this requirement and
may hold accounts outside of the Designated Broker-Dealers without obtaining prior approval.
Note:
If you open a new account with a Designated
Broker-Dealer, you must promptly notify the Code of Ethics Office in writing of the new account and provide the account details.
C.
Non-Designated Broker-Dealers
Certain limited exceptions may be granted that
would allow you to maintain a Reportable Account with a non-Designated Broker-Dealer. For example, an exception may be granted
based on the type of the account (e.g., a 401(k) account with a prior employer, a spousal 401(k) account with the spouse’s
employer, an employee stock purchase plan account or a direct stock purchase plan account). An exception may also be granted if
your spouse works for another investment adviser or broker-dealer with their own designated or preferred broker-dealer requirement.
You must submit a request in writing to the Code
of Ethics Office if you want to open or report a new account with a non-Designated Broker-Dealer,
prior to opening the account
.
The notification must include the name of your broker-dealer, the type of account and the reason(s) for requesting the exception.
If you are a new Access Person or Investment Person, you are required to transfer your Reportable Accounts to a Designated Broker-Dealer
within a reasonable period of time from the commencement of your employment with the Company or from the date you become an Access
Person or Investment Person resulting from a change in your category classification, unless you have been granted an exception
for the account(s).
If the circumstances of the non-Designated Broker-Dealer
account change in any way, it is your responsibility to notify the Code of Ethics Office immediately. Please note that the nature
of the change in circumstances reported may cause the Designated Broker-Dealer exception to be revoked. Also note that an exception
request must be made for
each
account to the Code of Ethics Office. You may not assume that because an exception was granted
in one instance that you would necessarily be permitted to open a new account with the same non-Designated Broker-Dealer or another
non-Designated Broker-Dealer.
The Company treats all trade confirmations and account
statements as confidential and only discloses such information to the personal trading system vendor or in connection with an audit
request, or during an exam or upon a request by a regulatory authority.
XV.
REPORTING AND CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS
Under SEC Rule 204A-1, advisers must provide
each supervised person with a copy of the code of ethics and any amendments. The code of ethics must also require each supervised
person to acknowledge, in writing, receipt of those copies. In addition, Access Persons and Investment Persons are required to
provide a complete report of Securities holdings at the time the person becomes an Access Person or an Investment Person and at
least once a year thereafter. The information supplied must be current as of a date not more than 45 days prior to the individual
becoming an Access Person or an Investment Person (initial report) or prior to the date the report is submitted (annual report).
SEC Rule 204A-1 requires an adviser’s employees
who have been designated as Access Persons and Investment Persons to provide quarterly reports of their personal securities transactions
no later than 30
days after the close of each calendar quarter.
An adviser’s code of ethics may excuse Access Persons and Investment Persons from submitting transaction reports that would
duplicate information contained in trade confirmations and/or account statements that the adviser holds in its records, provided
that the adviser has received those confirmations and/or statements not later than 30 days after the close of the calendar quarter
in which the transaction takes place.
The Code of Ethics Office provides you with notification
of, and instructions pertaining to, your initial, quarterly and annual reporting and certification requirements.
Access Persons and Investment Persons
Within 10 days of becoming an Access Person or
an Investment Person (either following the commencement of employment with the Company or due to a change in your category classification),
you are required to (1) certify your receipt and understanding of and compliance with the Code; and (2) complete an initial report
of personal Securities holdings and accounts and submit the report, along with any relevant documentation as requested by the Code
of Ethics Office.
On a quarterly basis, you are required to report
your personal securities transactions to the Code of Ethics Office no later than 30 days after the close of the calendar quarter.
With respect to accounts held with a Designated Broker-Dealer, the Company receives transactions directly from the broker-dealer
through an electronic feed. With respect to accounts held with a Non-Designated Broker-Dealer, you are required to submit duplicate
trade confirmations and/or account statements, either on a monthly basis or on a quarterly basis (depending on the time frame for
which a statement is generated by the broker-dealer), to the Code of Ethics Office
no later than 30 days after the end of the
calendar month or calendar quarter, as applicable
. The Code of Ethics Office sends a NYSE Rule 407/FINRA Rule 3050 Letter to
the broker-dealer requesting these documents. In the event that the broker-dealer is unable to routinely mail the documents to
the Company through such a letter, you are required to provide the documents to the Code of Ethics Office by the deadline.
On an annual basis, you are required to (1) re-certify
your understanding of and compliance with the Code; (2) provide information regarding your Securities holdings; and (3) certify
to a list of your current Reportable Accounts.
Non-Access Persons
Within 10 days of becoming a Non-Access Person
(either following the commencement of employment with the Company or due to a change in your category classification), you are
required to certify your receipt and understanding of and compliance with the Code.
On an annual basis, you are required to re-certify your
understanding of and compliance with the Code.
XVI.
EXEMPTIONS FROM THIS POLICY
You may apply for an exemption from a provision
of this Policy by making a request in writing to the Code of Ethics Office. The request must fully describe the basis upon which
the request is being made. As part of the consideration process, the CCO of your Company (or designee) determines if a Client may
be disadvantaged by the request and considers any other relevant factors in deciding whether to grant or deny the request.
No exemptions may be granted for those sections of this
Policy that are mandated by regulation.
XVII.
CONSEQUENCES OF VIOLATIONS OF THIS POLICY
Compliance with this Policy is considered a basic condition
of employment with the Company. We take this Policy and your obligations under it very seriously. A potential violation of this
Policy may constitute grounds for remedial actions, which may include, but are not limited to, a letter of caution, warning or
censure, recertification of the Code, disgorgement of profits, suspension of trading privileges, termination of officer title,
and/or suspension or termination of employment. Situations that are questionable may be resolved against your personal interests.
Violations of this Policy may also constitute violations of law, which could result in criminal or civil penalties for you and
the Company.
In addition, the
Federal Securities Laws require companies and individual supervisors to reasonably supervise Covered Persons with a view toward
preventing violations of law and violations of a company’s Code of Ethics. As a result, all Covered Persons who have supervisory
responsibility should endeavor to ensure that the Covered Persons they supervise, including Temporary Employees, are familiar with
and remain in compliance with the requirements of this Policy.
XVIII.
REPORTING OF VIOLATIONS
Violations of this Policy must be reported to your Company’s
CCO and the Head of the Code of Ethics Office. In connection with any Company-advised Funds, the CCO of the Company (or designee)
will report promptly any material violations of this Policy by Access Persons of the Funds to the Funds’ Board of Directors
or Trustees. In connection with any Company-advised Funds, the CCO of AGI U.S. (or designee) will report
all
violations
of this Policy by Access Persons of the Funds to the Funds’ Board of Directors or Trustees on a quarterly basis.
XIX.
QUESTIONS CONCERNING THIS POLICY
Given the seriousness of the potential consequences
of violations of this Policy, all employees are urged to seek guidance with respect to issues that may arise. Determining whether
a particular situation may create a potential conflict of interest, or the appearance of such a conflict, may not always be easy,
and situations inevitably arise from time to time that require interpretation of this Policy as related to particular circumstances.
If you are unsure whether a proposed transaction is consistent with this Policy, please contact the Code of Ethics Office before
initiating the transaction.
XX.
CODE OF ETHICS OFFICE CONTACT INFORMATION
For purposes of this Policy, the contact information
for the Code of Ethics Office in New York is as follows:
Personal Trading Helpline:
(212) 739-3186
Outlook Group E-Mail Address:
COE-PT@allianzgi.com
(COE – PT)
XXI.
DEFINITIONS
The following definitions apply to terms that appear
in this Policy. Additional definitions are contained in the text itself.
1940 Act
The Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and
the rules and regulations thereunder
529 Plan
A tax-advantaged investment vehicle in the U.S. designed
to encourage savings for the future higher education expenses of a designated beneficiary
Advisers Act
The Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, and
the rules and regulations thereunder
Advisory Clients
Clients, other than Funds, for whom the Company serves
as an adviser or sub-adviser
Affiliate
Any company or entity that is under common ownership
or control with Allianz SE
Affiliated Funds:
Affiliated Closed-End Funds
Closed-end funds that are advised or sub-advised
by AGIFM or its U.S. Affiliates who are direct subsidiaries of AAMA LP or distributed by AGID or PIMCO Investments LLC (excludes
third party closed-end funds sub-advised by PIMCO)
Affiliated ETFs
ETFs that are advised or sub-advised by AGIFM
or its U.S. Affiliates who are direct subsidiaries of AAMA LP or distributed by AGID or PIMCO Investments LLC (excludes third party
ETFs sub-advised by PIMCO)
Affiliated ETNs
ETNs that are advised or sub-advised by AGIFM
or its U.S. Affiliates who are direct subsidiaries of AAMA LP or distributed by AGID or PIMCO Investments LLC (excludes third party
ETNs sub-advised by PIMCO)
Affiliated Open-End Mutual Funds
Open-end mutual funds that are advised or
sub-advised by AGIFM or its U.S. Affiliates who are direct subsidiaries of AAMA LP or distributed by AGID or PIMCO Investments
LLC (excludes third party open-end mutual funds that are sub-advised by PIMCO)
AGID Registered Representatives
A Covered Person who is a Registered Representative
of AGID. A “registered representative” (also called a general securities representative) is licensed to sell Securities
in the U.S and generally involves Covered Persons engaged in sales, trading and investment banking activities. A registered representative
must be sponsored by a broker-dealer and pass the FINRA-administered Series 7 examination (known as the General Securities Representative
Exam) or another Limited Representative Qualifications Exam. Some state laws and broker-dealer policies also require the Series
63 examination.
Allianz Global Investors Clients
Refers to Clients of AGI U.S., NFJ and certain non-U.S.
Affiliates. Orders and trades for these Clients are included on the Bloomberg global trading platform.
Beneficial Ownership
For purposes of this Policy, Beneficial Ownership
is interpreted in the same way as it would under Rule 16a-1(a)(2) of the Exchange Act, and the rules thereunder. You are considered
to have Beneficial Ownership of Securities if you have or share a direct or indirect Pecuniary Interest in the Securities. Through
indirect Pecuniary Interest, you will generally be deemed to have Beneficial Ownership of Securities held by members of your immediate
family sharing the same household and other individuals for whom you provide significant economic support, and Securities held
in investment vehicles for which you serve as general partner or managing member, among other circumstances. See the definition
of “Pecuniary Interest” below.
You are also considered to have Beneficial Ownership
of Securities held in a trust where (i) you act as trustee and either you or members of your immediate family have a vested interest
in the principal or income of the trust; or (ii) you act as settlor of a trust, unless the consent of all of the beneficiaries
is required in order for you to revoke the trust.
CCO
Chief Compliance Officer
CIO
Chief Investment Officer
Clients
Collectively, the Funds and Advisory Clients
Company
Allianz Asset Management of America L.P. (“AAMA
LP”), Allianz Asset Management of America LLC (“AAMA LLC”), Allianz Global Investors U.S. Holdings LLC (“AGI
U.S. Holdings”), Allianz Global Investors U.S. LLC (“AGI U.S.”), Allianz Global Investors Distributors LLC (“AGID”),
Allianz Global Investors Fund Management LLC (“AGIFM”), NFJ Investment Group LLC (“NFJ”) and Pallas Investment
Partners, L.P. (“Pallas”)
COO
Chief Operating Officer
Covered Persons
All partners, officers, directors, and employees of
the Company, including interns and Temporary Employees
Designated Broker-Dealer
A broker-dealer for which the Company receives automated
trade confirmations and/or account statements for Covered Persons directly from such broker-dealer
Equivalent Security
An “Equivalent Security” for purposes
of this Policy means any option, warrant, convertible security, stock appreciation right, or similar right with an exercise or
conversion privilege at a price related to the value of the underlying Security, or similar Securities with a price derived from
the value of the underlying Security.
The following are examples of Equivalent Securities:
Example 1
:
General Electric Co. Common Stock
General Electric Co. Convertible Security
General Electric Co. Preferred Shares
General Electric Co. Call Option 22 6/21/2013
Example 2:
SPDR S&P 500 ETF
SPDR S&P 500 Put Option 139 9/14/2013
ETFs
Exchange-traded funds (ETFs) are investment vehicles
that have many attributes of mutual funds but trade throughout the day on an exchange like a stock. ETFs come in a variety
of styles including passive or index ETFs, which typically aim to closely track their underlying index, and actively managed ETFs,
which are typically managed with the objective of providing above-benchmark returns or to objectives such as income or total return.
ETNs
Exchange-traded notes (ETNs) are a type of unsecured,
unsubordinated debt securities issued by an underwriting bank. This type of debt differs from other types of bonds and notes because
ETN returns are based upon the performance of a market index minus applicable fees, no period coupon payments are distributed and
no principal protection exists. Similar to ETFs, ETNs are traded on a major exchange, such as the NYSE during normal trading hours.
However, investors can also hold the debt security until maturity.
Exchange Act
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the
rules and regulations thereunder
Federal Securities Laws
Including without limitation, the Advisers Act, the
1940 Act, the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, the Dodd-Frank Act
of 2010, any rules adopted by the SEC and other regulatory bodies under these statutes, the U.S.A. Patriot Act and Bank Secrecy
Act as it applies to mutual funds and investment advisers, and any rules adopted thereunder by the SEC or the Department of Treasury
FINRA
Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.
Funds
The registered investment companies for which AAMA LP
or any of its affiliated subsidiaries serves as an adviser or sub-adviser
G8
The Group of Eight (G8) is a forum for the governments
of eight of the world’s largest economies. The group members include Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, the United
Kingdom and the United States.
IAA
Investment Adviser Association
ICI
Investment Company Institute
IPO
An initial public offering (IPO), also referred to as
a “new issue” under FINRA Rule 5130, means an offering of securities registered under the Securities Act, the issuer
of which, immediately before the registration, was not subject to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act to
file public periodic reports with the SEC.
Non-Public Information
Non-Public Information is information which has not
been made available to investors generally. Information received in circumstances indicating that it is not yet in general circulation
or when the recipient knows or should know that the information can only have been provided by an
“insider” is also Non-Public Information.
NYSE
New York Stock Exchange
Pecuniary Interest
You have a Pecuniary Interest in Securities if
you have the opportunity to directly or indirectly benefit or share in any profit derived from a transaction in the Securities.
The following are examples of
indirect
pecuniary interest in Securities:
-
Securities held by members of your
immediate family sharing the same household unless it can be established that profits derived from transactions in these Securities
do not provide you with any economic benefit, subject to review and approval by the Code of Ethics Office. Immediate family means
any child, stepchild, grandchild, parent, stepparent, grandparent, spouse, domestic partner, sibling, mother-in-law, father-in-law,
son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law or sister-in-law, and includes any adoptive relationship.
-
Securities held by any individual for
whom you provided significant economic support during the immediately preceding 12-month period, even if such individual does not
share the same household.
-
Your interest as a general partner
in Securities held by a general or limited partnership.
-
Your interest as a manager-member in
the Securities held by a limited liability company.
You do not have a pecuniary interest in the Securities
held
by a corporation or similar entity in which you hold an equity interest,
unless
you are a
controlling
shareholder of the entity or you have or share
investment control
over the Securities held by the corporation or similar
entity.
PIPEs
Private investments in public equities
Policy
Personal Securities Transactions Policy
Private Placements
A private placement is the sale of securities to a relatively
small number of select investors as a way of raising capital. A private placement is the opposite of a public issue, in which Securities
are made available for sale on the open market. Although private placements are subject to the Securities Act, the Securities offered
do not have to be registered with the SEC if the issuance of the securities conforms to an exemption from registration as set forth
in the Securities Act and SEC rules.
Reportable Account
An account that is required to be reported by Access
Persons, Investment Persons, AGID Covered Persons and AGID Registered Representatives under this Policy
SEC
Securities and Exchange Commission
SEC Rule 204A-1
Rule 204A-1 under the Advisers Act, also known as the
“Code of Ethics Rule”
Securities Act
Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and
regulations thereunder
Security
The term “Security”, as defined in
Section 202(a)(18) of the Advisers Act, means any note, stock, treasury stock, security future, bond, debenture, evidence of indebtedness,
certificate of interest or participation in any profit-sharing agreement, collateral-trust certificate, preorganization certificate
or subscription, transferable share, investment contract, voting-trust certificate, certificate of deposit for a security, fractional
undivided interest in oil, gas, or other mineral rights, any put, call, straddle, option, or privilege on any security (including
a certificate of deposit) or on any group or index of securities (including any interest therein or based on the value thereof),
or any put, call, straddle, option, or privilege entered into on a national securities exchange relating to foreign currency, or,
in general, any interest or instrument commonly known as a “security”, or any certificate of interest or participation
in, temporary or interim certificate for, receipt for, guarantee of, or warrant or right to subscribe to or purchase, any of the
foregoing.
For purposes of this Policy, commodities and futures
and options traded on a commodities exchange, including currency futures, are
not
Securities. However, securities futures,
financial futures and futures and options on any group or index of Securities
are
Securities.
Temporary Employee
A temp, consultant or contractor
U.S. Affiliate
Any U.S. company or entity that is under common ownership
or control with AAMA LP
[1]
Although
Pallas is an unaffiliated registered investment adviser, it shares common employees, facilities and systems with AGI U.S.
[2]
Including without
limitation, the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (“Advisers Act”), the Investment Company Act of 1940, as
amended (“1940 Act”), the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“Securities Act”), the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”), the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, the Dodd-Frank
Act of 2010, any rules adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and other regulatory bodies under
these statutes, the U.S.A. Patriot Act and Bank Secrecy Act as it applies to mutual funds and investment advisers, and any rules
adopted thereunder by the SEC or the Department of Treasury.
[3]
As defined in the Personal Securities
Transactions Policy.
[4]
Section 16(b) prohibits short-swing profits by corporate insiders in their own corporation’s
stock, except in very limited circumstances. It applies only to directors or officers of the corporation and those holding greater
than 10% of the stock and is designed to prevent insider trading by those most likely to be privy to important corporate information.
Section 10(b) makes it unlawful for any person to use or employ in the connection with the purchase or sale of any security registered
on a national securities exchange or any security not so registered, any manipulative or deceptive device or in contravention of
such rules and regulations as the SEC may prescribe.
[5]
Closed-end funds that are advised or sub-advised by AGIFM or its U.S. Affiliates who are direct subsidiaries
of AAMA LP or distributed by AGID or PIMCO Investments LLC (excludes third party closed-end funds sub-advised by PIMCO).
[6]
In North America, the practice of market sounding is generally known as confidential pre-marketing.
As a condition of participating in such pre-marketing/market sounding efforts, the underwriters require the potential investors
to enter into confidentiality agreements, in which they agree not to disclose the information about the potential offering or trade
in the issuer’s securities until the information becomes public or is no longer considered current.
[7] For purposes of these procedures, “Investment
Research Consultant Firms” are firms that employ or have similar arrangements with professionals in various fields of expertise
to conduct, analyze, review and/or provide specialized information and research services for third parties. Investment Research
Consultant Firms do not include entities whose employees provide generally available market and/or securities analysis or information.
[8]
For purposes of these
procedures, “Consultants” include individuals who provide, analyze and/or research information for third parties pursuant
to their employment or other arrangement with an Investment Research Consultant Firm.
[9]
See your Company’s
compliance policies and procedures.
[10]
In addition, Covered
Persons may not engage in transactions that are in violation of an Affiliated Open-End Mutual Fund’s stated policy as disclosed
in its prospectus and statement of additional information. This includes excessive trading in Affiliated Open-End Mutual Funds
which is strictly prohibited. Please refer to the respective Fund’s disclosure documents for further information.
CODE OF ETHICS
Scope and Purpose
This Code of Ethics (the “Code”)
applies to:
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·
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All officers, directors and employees of Schroder Investment Management
North America Limited (“SIM NA”), and all persons employed by any subsidiary of Schroders plc (“Schroders”),
who are Access Persons (as defined below) of any US registered investment company managed by SIM NA or its affiliates (“Reportable
Funds”).
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Set forth below is the Code as required by Rule
204A-1 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (the “Advisers Act”), Section 204A of, and, Rule 204-2(a)(12) under,
the Advisers Act, Rule 17j-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “Investment Company Act”),and Section 20A
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”).
The objective of the Code is to ensure
that all business dealings and securities transactions undertaken by Access Persons, whether for clients or for personal purposes,
are subject to the highest ethical standards. Incorporated within the Code are (i) an Insider Trading Policy, and (ii) a Personal
Securities Transactions Policy, which contain procedures that must be followed by all personnel.
The Code contains additional restrictions
and requirements for Access Persons (as defined below), including all portfolio managers who, in connection with their duties,
are aware of securities under consideration for purchase or sale on behalf of clients. These restrictions are designed to prevent
any conflict or the appearance of any conflict of interest between trading for their personal accounts and securities transactions
initiated or recommended for clients.
Statement of Policies
FIDUCIARY RESPONSIBILITY UNDER THE ADVISERS ACT
The basic precept of the Advisers Act is that
an adviser has a fiduciary responsibility to its client. While this fiduciary duty is not specifically set forth in the Advisers
Act, the Supreme Court has interpreted the Advisers Act’s anti-fraud provisions as including this duty. This obligation is
meant to eliminate conflicts of interest and potential conflicts of interest and to prevent an adviser from exploiting its client's
trust. Under this fiduciary obligation, an adviser must be careful to avoid any conscious or subconscious rendering of advice or
engage in any activity which is not in the best interest of its client. By eliminating conflicts or potential conflicts of interest,
or by fully disclosing such conflict or potential conflict, it is anticipated that the adviser will be better able to provide disinterested
advice. Where the advice rendered is not disinterested, the fiduciary relationship may be breached, even if the client suffers
no loss.
It is SIM NA’s policy to support and encourage
an environment where all employees are sensitive to the obligations of the adviser and all clients are treated with the utmost
consideration for what is in their best interests. All communications with clients must be accurate and made in a timely manner.
All material information must be fully and clearly disclosed.
Compliance policies and procedures have been
adopted by SIM NA in order to meet all legal obligations to our clients, particularly those arising under the federal securities
laws and ERISA. Procedures have been instituted to mitigate or obviate actual or potential conflicts of interest. These conflicts
may arise in situations where client relationships may tempt preferential treatment,
e.g.
, where account size or fee structure
would make it more beneficial for the adviser to allocate certain trades to a client. Conflicts of interest may also arise in connection
with securities transactions by employees of the adviser, especially those employees who are aware of actual transactions or client
holdings or transactions under consideration
for clients. Portfolio managers are discouraged from “portfolio pumping” and “window dressing,” two practices
which would mislead investors as to a fund’s performance or the stock selection ability of its managers.
SIM NA has adopted procedures that require:
(i) disclosure of certain information to clients; (ii) obtaining client consent; or (iii) prohibiting or restricting certain actions
or activities.
SIM NA adheres to Group Compliance policies,
including the Group Gifts and Entertainment Policy that prohibits employees from giving or receiving gifts and entertainment that
are excessive in nature. We take steps to reasonably ensure that we do not offer, give, solicit or accept any gift if it is likely
to conflict to a material extent with any duty we owe to our clients or any duty which such recipient firm owes to its customers.
Should an employee become aware of any conduct
which the employee believes may constitute a violation of this Code, the law, or any SIM NA policy, such employee must promptly
report such conduct to the UK Head of Compliance or the Chief Compliance Officer or their designee. All information about potential
or suspected violations reported to the UK Head of Compliance or the Chief Compliance Officer will be investigated and the identity
of the reporting person will be kept confidential. SIM NA’s policy prohibits any retaliatory action against a reporting person,
including discharge, demotion, suspension, threats or harassment.
Statement of Policies
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Personnel are expected to honour the confidential nature of company and client affairs. Information
designated as confidential should not be communicated outside of Schroders other than to advisers consulted on a confidential basis,
and should only be communicated within Schroders on a “need to know” basis or as otherwise authorised by management
in conformity with the Code.
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Personnel must also avoid making unnecessary disclosure of
any
internal information concerning
Schroders and its business relationships and must use such information in a prudent and proper manner in the best interests of
Schroders and its clients.
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Personnel are expected to represent the interests of Schroders and its clients in an ethical manner
and to exercise due skill, care, prudence and diligence in all business dealings. This includes, but is not limited to, compliance
with all applicable regulations and laws, and avoidance of illegal activities and other conduct specifically prohibited to its
personnel by the respective policies of any of Schroder Group companies in relation to which a person is a director, officer or
employee.
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All personnel have fiduciary duties:
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(i) at
all times to place the interests of their clients before their own and not to take inappropriate advantage of their position; and
(ii) to
conduct themselves in a manner which will avoid any actual or potential conflict of interest or any abuse of a position of trust
and responsibility.
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(i)
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All supervised persons, to wit, all officers, directors and employees
of SIM NA who are subject to the supervision and control of SIM NA, are required to comply with all federal securities laws applicable
to SIM NA’s business.
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(ii)
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Personnel are required to comply with the Insider Trading Policy
and Personal Securities Transactions Policy incorporated herein.
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Personnel
are prohibited from serving on the board of directors of any publicly listed or traded company or of any company whose securities
are held in any client portfolio, except with the prior authorisation of the Chairman or Chief Executive of SIM NA or, in their
absence, the
UK Head of Compliance or the Chief Compliance Officer. Such authorisation
will be based upon a determination that the board service would be consistent with the interests of Schroders’ clients. If
permission to serve as a director is given, the company will be placed permanently on the Stop List. Transactions in that company’s
securities for client and personal securities accounts will only be authorised when certification has been obtained from that company’s
Secretary or similar officer that its directors are not in possession of material price sensitive information with respect to its
securities.
Human Resources Department and Compliance
Responsibilities
Group Compliance will inform Human Resources
when an individual becomes subject to the Code. Human Resources Department is responsible for ensuring that a copy of the Code
is delivered to the individual. As a condition of continuing employment, each employee is required to acknowledge in writing receipt
of a copy of the Code and that he or she has understood the obligations and responsibilities thereunder and on an annual basis
to certify compliance with it on the form provided.
US Compliance Department, with the assistance of Group Compliance,
is responsible for maintaining the records and filings required under the Code and making appropriate reports to the Boards of
all funds managed by a SIM NA in compliance with Rule 17j-1 under the Investment Company Act.
All questions about an individual’s responsibilities and
obligations under the Code of Ethics should be referred to the UK Head of Compliance or the Chief Compliance Officer or their designee.
(i) INSIDER TRADING POLICY
The Scope and Purpose of the Policy
It is a
violation of United States federal law and a serious breach of Schroders’ policies for any employee to trade in, or recommend
trading in, the securities of a company, either for his/her personal gain or on behalf of the firm or its clients or to a third
party, while in possession of material, non-public information (“inside information”) which may come into his/her possession
either in the course of performing his/her duties, or through personal contacts. Such violations could subject you, Schroders,
and our parent organisations, to significant civil as well as criminal liability, including the imposition of monetary penalties,
and could also result in irreparable harm to the reputation of Schroders. Tippees (
i.e.
, persons who receive material, non-public
information) also may be held liable if they trade or pass along such information to others.
Further,
it is a violation of anti-fraud provisions of the Advisers Act for employees who are or become aware of transactions being considered
for clients or are aware of the portfolio holdings in the reportable funds to which SIM NA (or an affiliate) acts an adviser to
disclose such information to a party who has “no need to know” or to trade on such information for personal gain by,
among other things, front-running or market timing.
The US Insider Trading and Securities Fraud
Enforcement Act of 1988 (“ITSFEA”) requires all broker-dealers and investment advisers to establish and enforce written
policies and procedures reasonably designed to prevent misuse of
material, non-public
information. Although ITSFEA itself
does not define “insider trading”, the US Supreme Court has previously characterised it as the purchase or sale of
securities (which include debt instruments and put and call options) while in possession of information which is both
material
and
non-public
,
i.e
., information not available to the general public about the securities or related securities,
the issuer and in some cases the markets for the securities. The provisions of ITSFEA apply both to trading while in possession
of such information and to communicating such information to others who might trade on it improperly.
Materiality
Inside information is generally understood as
material information about an issuer of publicly-traded securities that has not been made known to either the professional investment
community or to the public at large. Inside information is material if it would be likely to have an effect on the price of the
issuer’s securities or if a reasonable investor would be likely to consider it important in making his/her investment decision.
Such information usually originates from the issuer itself and could include, among other things, knowledge of a company’s
earnings or dividends, a significant change in the value of assets, changes in key personnel or plans for a merger or acquisition.
For example, a portfolio manager may receive
information about an issuer’s earnings or a new product in a private communication with the issuer. Such information is usually
considered material and is generally inside information because it has not been effectively disseminated to the public at large.
As a general rule, any information received from an issuer that has not been made public in a press release or a public filing
will be considered inside information. Upon learning the information, the employee may not purchase or sell securities of the issuer
for him/herself or for any account under management until the information is effectively disseminated to the public.
If an employee has received information regarding
an issuer and he/she believes that the information given has not been given in breach of fiduciary duties, then that person may
retain and act upon the information.
Market information that emanates from outside
the corporation but affects the market price of an issuer’s securities can also be inside information. For example, inside
information can also originate within Schroders itself. This would include knowledge of activities or plans of an affiliate, or
knowledge of securities transactions that are
being considered or executed by SIM NA itself on behalf of clients. Inside information can also be obtained from knowledge about
a client that an employee has discovered in his/her dealings with that client. Inside information pertaining to a particular issuer
could also involve information about another company that has a material relationship to the issuer, such as a major supplier’s
decision to increase its prices. Moreover, non-public information relating to portfolio holdings in a Reportable Fund can be used
to market-time or engage in other activities that are detrimental to the Reporting Fund and its shareholders.
In addition, Rule 14e-3 under the Exchange
Act makes it unlawful to buy or sell securities while in possession of material information relating to a tender offer, if the
person buying or selling the securities knows or has reason to know that the information is non-public and has been acquired, directly
or indirectly from the person making or planning to make the tender offer, from the target company, or from any officer, director,
partner or employee or other person acting on behalf of either the bidder or the target company. This rule prohibits not only trading,
but also the communication of material, non-public information relating to a tender offer to another person in circumstances under
which it is reasonably foreseeable that the communication will result in a trade by someone in possession of the material, non-public
information.
Procedures and Responsibilities of Employees
If you have any reason to suspect that information you hold on
a company may be inside information, you should ensure that the company is immediately placed on the Stop List. To request that
a company is placed on the Stop List, you should use the dedicated e-mail address “+SI – SIM Stop List”. A similar
notification should be sent to remove the security from the Stop List as soon as the information you hold ceases to be of an ‘inside’
nature. It is important that you do not deal in the securities of the company concerned. Additionally, you should not pass on the
information to anyone else except where this is a necessary part of your duties and you are satisfied that the other person understands
the sensitive nature of the information and its consequences. If you have any questions or you are unsure whether the information
you hold is of an inside nature, please contact Group Compliance.
Personnel who are aware of the portfolio
holdings in Reportable Funds because of their responsibilities within SIM NA are precluded from disclosing such information to
others within SIM NA and Schroders who do not have a “need to know.”
Personnel who are aware of the portfolio
holdings in Reportable Funds because of their responsibilities within SIM NA are precluded from disclosing such information to
others outside of SIM NA or Schroders except as required to fulfill their work-related responsibilities.
Disclosure
of the portfolio holdings of Reportable Funds shall only be made in compliance with such Funds’ portfolio holdings disclosure
policy.
Penalties
Penalties
for trading on or communicating material, non-public information are severe, both for the individuals involved in such unlawful
conduct and their employers. Under US law, a person can be subject to some or all of the penalties below, even if s/he does not
personally benefit from the violation. Penalties include:
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2)
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disgorgement of profits;
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3)
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treble damages – fines for the access person who committed
the violation, of up to 3 times the profit gained or loss avoided, whether or not the person actually benefited;
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4)
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fines for the employer or other controlling person of up to the greater
of $1,000,000, or 3 times the profit gained or loss avoided; and
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Special
Provisions for Trading in the Securities of Schroders plc
Special restrictions apply to dealing in
the securities of Schroders plc because staff, by virtue of their employment, may be deemed to have Inside Information:
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1.
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Securities of Schroders plc should not be purchased for any client account without the permission
of that client, and then only if permitted by applicable law.
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2.
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Personal securities transactions in the securities of Schroders plc
are subject to blackout periods and other restrictions which are outlined in the Group Personal Account Dealing Policy.
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(ii) PERSONAL SECURITIES TRANSACTIONS
POLICY
INTRODUCTION
All Access Persons defined below are subject
to the restrictions contained in this Personal Securities Transactions Policy with respect to their securities transactions.
The Personal Securities Transactions (“PST”)
Policy consists of:
-
The Group Personal Account Dealing Policy,
-
Additional Requirements.
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a.
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THE GROUP PERSONAL ACCOUNT DEALING POLICY
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Please refer to Appendix 1 for the Group Personal
Account Dealing Policy. Access Persons defined below will, therefore, fall into the categories of
High Risk
or
Ordinary
Risk
staff as described in the Group Personal Account Dealing Policy for the purposes of that policy.
b. ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS
This section includes the following:
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definitions of persons covered by this PST Policy,
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securities covered by this PST Policy (“Covered Securities”),
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accounts covered by this PST Policy (“Covered Accounts”),
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further information on pre-clearance, including Initial Public Offerings
(“IPOs”) and limited offerings,
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all other Access Persons,
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reports required by this PST Policy and
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compliance with this PST Policy.
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Definitions of persons covered by this
PST Policy
Access Person
means any director
or officer of SIM NA, and any employee who is an Advisory Person or any employee who has access to nonpublic information regarding
any clients’ purchase or sale of securities or nonpublic information regarding the portfolio holdings of any Reportable Fund.
However, with the exception of directors, the chief compliance officer and portfolio managers of SIM NA, the definition of an Access
Person excludes persons who are employed by any subsidiary of Schroders whose services are provided under a delegation agreement
for services with SIM NA. These persons are subject to that subsidiary’s own internal ethical policies, including on personal
account dealing.
Advisory Person
is
any employee of SIM NA or its affiliates who, in connection with his/her regular functions or duties, makes, participates in, or
obtains information regarding the purchase or sale of a Covered Security (as defined below) on behalf of any US advisory client
managed by SIM NA or information regarding securities under consideration for purchase or sale on behalf of such clients or whose
functions relate to the making of any recommendations with respect to such purchases or sales.
Securities covered by this PST Policy
(“Covered Securities”)
Securities, such as stocks, bonds and options,
are covered by this PST Policy. The same limitations pertain to transactions in a security related to a Covered Security, such
as an option to purchase or sell a Covered Security and any security convertible into or exchangeable for a Covered Security.
Shares of any UK authorised unit trust, recognised
funds and OEICS and any debt security directly guaranteed by any OECD member Government are Covered Securities. However, their
purchase and sale do not have to be pre-cleared but transactions and holdings, as appropriate, must be reported.
The reports (i.e. Initial Declaration,
Quarterly Reports and Annual Reports) required by this PST Policy which are additional to those required within the Group Personal
Account Dealing Policy do not need to include:
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shares or units in any open-end US registered investment company
(mutual fund or unit investment trust), ie: including US Exchange Traded Funds (“ETFs”), SPDRs, etc.,
other than
Reportable Funds
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shares issued by money market funds
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spot and forward foreign exchange
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shares issued by unit investment trusts that are invested exclusively
in one or more open-end funds, none of which are Reportable Funds
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securities which are direct obligations of the U.S. Government (
i.e
.,
Treasuries)
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bankers’ acceptances, bank certificates
of deposit, commercial paper, repurchase agreements and other high quality short-term debt instruments
[1]
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Accounts covered by this PST Policy (“Covered
Accounts”)
An account covered by this PST Policy is an
account in which Covered Securities are owned by you or an account in which you own a beneficial interest (except where you have
no influence or control). This includes all accounts that hold direct investments in securities irrespective of the account’s
purpose, eg single company PEP/ISA, discretionary managed account, etc. Under the PST Policy, accounts held by your spouse (including
his/her retirement accounts), minor children and other members of your immediate family (children, stepchildren, grandchildren,
parents, step parents, grandparents, siblings, in-laws and adoptive relationships) who share your household are also considered
your accounts. In addition, accounts maintained by your domestic partner (an unrelated adult with whom you share your home and
contribute to each other’s support) are considered your accounts under this PST Policy.
If you are in any doubt as to whether an
account falls within this definition of Covered Account, please see Group Compliance. Further, if you believe that there is a reason
that you are unable to comply with the PST Policy, for example, your spouse works for another regulated firm, you may seek a waiver
from Group Compliance.
Further information on pre-clearance,
including Initial Public Offerings (“IPOs”) and limited offerings
All London-based personnel are required to comply
with the requirements of the Group Personal Account Dealing Policy, in Appendix 1.
US Regulations under the Company Act of 1940 (Rule
17j-1(e)) and under the Advisers Act of 1940 (204A-1) require Access Persons to obtain approval before they directly or indirectly
acquire beneficial ownership in any security in an IPO or in a limited offering.
Thus, if you and your Connected Persons wish to purchase an IPO
or a security in a limited offering (i.e. private placement), you must obtain the normal pre-clearance(s) under the Group Personal
Account Dealing Policy.
If an Access Person fails to pre-clear
a transaction in accordance with the Group Personal Account Dealing Policy, s/he may be monetarily penalised by disgorgement of
profits or avoidance of loss. Violations of this PST Policy will result in reprimands and could also affect the person’s
employment at Schroders.
All other Access Persons
All other persons who are deemed Access Persons,
wherever geographically situated, are subject to their local policies and procedures relating to personal securities transactions.
Records of such Access Persons’ personal transactions will be maintained in accordance with Rule 204-2(a)(12) under the Advisers
Act and made available to representatives of the US Securities and Exchange Commission upon request.
Reports required by this PST Policy
All Access Persons are required to report
their transactions in Covered Securities, which SIM NA must review, as follows:
Reports of Each Transaction in a
Covered Security
|
·
|
Access Persons are required to report to Group Compliance the following
information for each transaction in a Covered Security:
|
|
§
|
exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP
|
|
§
|
nature of transaction (purchase, sale, etc.)
|
|
§
|
number of shares/units or principal amount
|
|
§
|
the date the Access Person submitted the report
|
The reporting obligation may be discharged
by brokers/agents sending copies of contract notes/confirmations for all transactions to Group Compliance. If direct confirmations
cannot be provided by brokers/agents, the member of staff must provide copies within five days of a transaction.
Initial Declaration
No later than 10 days after being advised that
they are subject to the Code, each Access Person must provide Group Compliance with a list of each Covered Security s/he owns (as
defined above). The information provided, which must be current as of a date no more than 45 days prior to the date such person
became an Access Person, must include the title of the security, exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP, number of shares owned (for equities),
and principal amount (for debt securities). The Access Person must also provide information, which must include the name of the
broker, dealer or bank with whom the employee maintains an account in which any securities are held for the direct or indirect
benefit of the employee (“Covered Accounts”). The report must be signed (or emailed) by the employee and the date of
submission noted thereon.
Quarterly Reports
|
·
|
No later than 30 days after the end of each calendar quarter, each
Access Person must provide Group Compliance with a report of all transactions in Covered Securities in the quarter, including the
name of the Covered Security, the exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP, the number of shares and principal amount, whether it was a
buy or sell, the price and the name of the broker through whom effected. Report of any new Covered Accounts established during
the quarter, including the name of the broker/dealer and the date the Covered Account was established, must also be made. The report
must be signed (or emailed) by the employee and the date of submission noted thereon.
|
Transactions in shares of the Schroder
Funds and Reportable Funds must be reported.
Annual Reports
|
·
|
Within 45 days after the end of the calendar year, each Access Person
must report all his/her holdings in Covered Securities as at December 31, including the title, the exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP,
number of shares and principal amount of each Covered Security the employee owns (as defined above) and the names of all Covered
Accounts. The report must be signed (or emailed) by the employee and the date of submission noted thereon.
|
The information on personal securities transactions
received and recorded will be deemed to satisfy the obligations contained in Rule 204A-1 under the Advisers Act and Rule17j-1 under
the Investment Company Act. Such reports may, where appropriate, contain a statement to the effect that the reporting of the transaction
is not to be construed as an admission that the person has any direct or indirect beneficial interest or ownership in the security.
Compliance with this PST Policy
Self-Reporting of Violations
Access Persons have an obligation to review their own trading to
ensure that they have acted in compliance with the provision of this Code. To the extent that an employee determines that she or
he has executed a transaction not in compliance with this Code, that employee has an obligation to report the violation to the
UK Head of Compliance or the Chief Compliance Officer.
Administration of the Code
At least annually, the UK Head of Compliance
or Chief Compliance Officer (or their designees) will furnish the US Chief Compliance Officer in New York, with sufficient information
to enable a report to be prepared for issue to the board of the Schroder Funds and any other US registered investment companies
to which SIM NA acts as adviser or sub-adviser. The written report should:
|
i)
|
Describe any issues arising under the Code or this Policy since the last report to the board,
including, but not limited to, information about material violations of the Code or this Policy and sanctions imposed in response
to the material violations; and
|
|
ii)
|
Certify that SIM NA has adopted procedures reasonably necessary to prevent Access Persons from
violating the Code or this Policy.
|
Adopted: October 1, 1995
Amended: May 15, 1996
May 1, 1997
June 12, 1998
June 2, 1999
March 14, 2000
August 14, 2001
July 25, 2003
December 9, 2003
January 26, 2005
July 15, 2010
December 23, 2010
May 2012
April 2013 (Appendix
1 revised)
May 2014 (Appendix 1 revised)
Group Personal Account
Dealing Policy
Group Policy Document
April 2014
Contents
1 Policy Overview
|
3
|
1.1 Summary
|
3
|
1.2 Introduction and overview
|
4
|
1.3 Scope
|
7
|
1.4 Policy Owner
|
8
|
2 Group PA dealing rules
|
9
|
2.1 Governing principles
|
9
|
2.2 Risk levels of Staff
|
10
|
2.3 Stop List
|
10
|
2.4 Clearance period
|
10
|
2.5 Dealing around client orders
|
11
|
2.6 Dealing in equities in which the Group holds more than 10%
|
11
|
2.7 Pre-clearance for Financial Instruments other than Schroders plc Shares and Schroder Investment Trusts
|
11
|
2.8 Pre-clearance for Schroders plc Shares and Schroder managed listed Investment Trusts
|
13
|
2.9 Remuneration awards - hedging
|
13
|
2.10 Holding period
|
14
|
2.11 Post trade confirmations
|
14
|
2.12 Reporting of PA dealing to management
|
14
|
2.13 Non-compliance with the PA dealing rules
|
14
|
3 Permissible investments
|
16
|
4 Local policies
|
20
|
|
·
|
You and your close family, or other ‘Connected Persons’ as defined (see 1.3) must
comply with this Personal Account (“PA”) Dealing policy in relation to PA purchases and sales of securities and certain
other investment transactions as listed in the table in Section 3.
|
|
·
|
That table sets out whether the proposed transaction is permissible, if it requires pre-clearance
or post-trade reporting or both. If in doubt, speak to Compliance.
|
|
·
|
Most purchases and sales are subject to pre-clearance by Compliance. Some transactions do not
need pre-clearance e.g. government bonds, publicly available open-ended mutual funds and index based ETFs, FX, gold and automatic
dividend reinvestments.
|
|
·
|
UK asset management staff should submit pre-clearance requests using the form provided on the
intranet. Other staff should follow the process specified by their local Compliance function.
|
|
·
|
Reasons why clearance may not be given include:
|
|
o
|
The stock is on the Group Stop List
|
|
o
|
There is recent, current or planned client trading in the instrument
|
|
o
|
The Group holds more than 10% of the capital of the stock for clients and/or itself.
|
|
o
|
The stock has not been held for the minimum 60 day holding period.
|
|
·
|
Most purchases and sales require post trade reporting, including government bonds, ETFs and
Schroder open ended funds. This is normally required within 7 days and you should make arrangements for this to be provided directly
to Compliance by your broker.
|
|
·
|
For all transactions in Schroders plc shares pre-clearance is required from the Group Company
Secretary.
|
|
·
|
All securities and other investments for which pre-clearance or post trade reporting is required
should be held for a minimum of 60 days. Short term trading is discouraged in all instruments.
|
|
·
|
Deferred remuneration awards based on Schroders shares may not be hedged (except any associated
currency risk).
|
|
·
|
A decision tree summarising the pre-clearance and reporting requirements is set out on page
15. UK asset management staff should contact StaffDealing@schroders.com for any queries or approval requests.
|
|
·
|
Non-compliance with the policy may be treated as a serious disciplinary matter.
|
|
·
|
The document sets out the policy in full. You are expected to pay special attention to the Governing
Principles in 2.1 and to read the policy in its entirety. If any matter is unclear, please contact Compliance.
|
|
1.2
|
Introduction and overview
|
This document records the Group personal
account dealing policy (“PA dealing rules”) for financial instruments. It is applicable to all Group employees and
contractors and the in-house Staff of outsourced service providers (“Staff”) and certain family members of Staff and
other ‘Connected Persons’ (see 1.3 below). It aims to ensure that Staff comply with regulations on the prevention of
market abuse and avoid conflicts of interest and uphold the Group’s standards of integrity. Non-compliance with the Group
Policy is taken very seriously and may make Staff subject to disciplinary processes.
Conflicts of interest and confidential information
As the Group’s business involves
research and investment on behalf of clients, conflicts of interest and exposure to confidential or price sensitive information
can often arise or be perceived to arise. These can present significant regulatory and reputational risks both for individual Staff
and for the Group when Staff make personal account transactions in instruments in respect of which the Group has confidential information,
is currently dealing or which it is holding for its clients. Circumstances can be ambiguous and regulators’ sanctions and
publicity for personal account transactions that are held by them not to comply with statutory or regulatory requirements or the
Group’s policy can be severe and very damaging.
Staff are discouraged from excessively
active trading in financial instruments for their personal account, given the Group and personal reputational risks involved. Personal
account dealing activities must not detract (or be seen to detract) from an individual’s responsibilities to Schroders’
clients.
Staff are reminded that confidential or price-sensitive
information is to be kept confidential at all times and only disclosed during the proper course of the exercise of their employment
duties.
Pre-clearance required
Staff are required to obtain pre-clearance
from their relevant local Compliance function for their and their Connected Persons’ proposed personal account trades as
specified in the table in Section 3. All Investment Staff in Asset Management are required to declare, when seeking pre-clearance
for an instrument , whether the proposed trade is in an investment within their desk’s eligible investment universe (or within
their desk’s scope of responsibility, in the case of Dealers). These proposed trades will be notified to the relevant asset
class heads, at the time the request is made, for monitoring purposes but do not require pre-
clearance by the asset class head.
Government bonds, publicly available open-ended mutual funds and index based ETFs, foreign exchange transactions and gold are exempt
from pre-clearance. Individual Savings Accounts (ISAs) and Self Invested Personal Pensions (SIPPs) are not exempt as such (although
ISA/SIPP transactions in publicly available Non-Schroder Open Ended Funds as specified in section 3 will be). The relevant local
Compliance function will undertake the necessary checks and co-ordinate any necessary internal approval or notification request
process with the Asset Class or Desk Head. UK asset management staff should complete the form provided on the intranet and contact
StaffDealing@schroders.com for any queries or approval requests.
Schroder Funds
Investment in funds offered by Schroders
is generally encouraged, and employees pay reduced management fees on Schroder Unit Trusts and have access to the Z class units
if they apply via UK Fund Services. However, proposed trades exceeding £5,000 by Investment Staff in a fund that is managed
by their own desk are subject to Compliance pre-approval and will also be notified to the relevant Asset Class Head for monitoring
purposes. Trades in Schroder open-ended funds by all staff are subject to post-trade reporting to Compliance in accordance with
the following paragraph, subject to local derogations where access by Compliance to all such staff trades is separately available.
All trades in Schroder managed closed-ended funds are subject to pre-clearance as detailed in section 2.8 below.
Post trade reporting required
All trades for which pre-clearance
is required and certain other trades, including those in Schroders open-ended funds and ETFs as set out in the table in Section
3, including those of Connected Persons and relevant securities held in ISAs or SIPPs, must be reported to your relevant local
Compliance function within seven calendar days, preferably directly by the Staff member’s or Connected Person’s broker.
Minimum holding period
Staff should not engage in personal
account trading activity for short term speculative purposes. Instruments subject to pre-clearance as set out in Section 3, government
bonds and Schroder open-ended mutual funds must be held for a minimum of 60 calendar days, unless – exceptionally –
a derogation is agreed with Compliance.
Stop list
Staff will be refused permission
to trade in securities that are on the Stop List when approval to deal is sought from Compliance..
Where the Group holds more than 10%
The regulatory and reputational risks
are higher when Staff hold investments in which the Group has large holdings on behalf of its clients and/or itself. For this reason,
Staff are not permitted to purchase equity investments in which the Group holds more than 10% of the issued share capital of the
company (excluding open-ended investment companies and closed ended Schroder managed investment trusts) on behalf of clients (including
both pooled funds and segregated accounts) or on its own behalf, except where pre-emption rights are compromised, e.g. in the case
of public rights issues, in which case Compliance should be consulted.
This will be checked by Compliance
as part of the pre-approval procedure. Disposals of investments in which the Group holds more than 10% of a company’s share
capital may be made, subject to compliance with the rest of this policy, but Staff – in particular any Investment Staff with
knowledge of, or dealings with, the company or its senior management arising from their Investment responsibilities – should
exercise great care in determining the appropriate timing of such disposals having regard to their knowledge of the company’s
affairs and any anticipated or potential corporate events. Attention is drawn to the group Market Abuse policy.
Proximity to client dealing
Regulatory and reputational risks
are also higher when PA dealing is undertaken in close proximity to dealing on behalf of clients. Members of Investment teams
(portfolio managers, analysts and fund manager assistants)
and Dealers
and other ‘High Risk’ Staff
(defined at 2.2 below) are therefore prohibited from buying or selling financial instruments, excluding small transactions (defined
at 2.7 below), open-ended mutual funds and index based Exchange Traded Funds, seven calendar days before or after a client transaction
within their asset class. Small transactions by High Risk Staff are nevertheless subject to post-trade monitoring as Staff should
avoid conflicts of interest and uphold the Group’s standards of integrity. In addition, the approval of proposed transactions
by any member of Staff that exceed £20,000 are subject to checks against pending client orders.
Additional local regulation
In some countries and/or for some
individuals, national laws and regulations may require additional procedures and/or impose further restrictions to be complied
with locally. In such circumstances, a supplementary local policy may apply.
Derogations
This
Policy does not apply to transactions in open-ended funds within a Schroder pension plan
,
including the Schroders
Corporate SIPP, but equities and other investments within such a plan are subject to the Policy.
Transactions entered under
regular
savings plans
(in instruments which would otherwise require pre-clearance or reporting) that have been notified to Compliance
do not require pre-clearance or reporting, but changes to a regular savings plan must be notified and you may be asked to confirm
periodically that your savings plan has not changed.
Similarly, dividend reinvestment
plans, scrip issues, scrip dividends and other corporate actions that do not involve discretion at the time of the transaction
do not require pre-approval or reporting.
The policy restrictions and post
trade reporting requirements do not apply where
full discretion
is formally delegated by a member of Staff or their Connected
Persons to a third party investment manager under an arrangement notified to and acknowledged by your Local Head of Compliance.
Requests for any other derogations
from the PA dealing rules can be discussed with the Global Head of Compliance. He will document any such derogations in writing.
You should consult your local Head of Compliance in the first instance. Derogations can be ongoing or limited to specific transactions
– but are only likely to be granted in exceptional circumstances.
All trades are subject to the
Governing Principles in 2.1 below.
The PA dealing rules apply to all
Staff (as defined in 1.2 above) and to their Connected Persons.
This policy does
not apply to trades entered into by Connected Persons as part of their own employment.
Connected Persons
“Connected Persons” are
spouses, partners, minor and other dependent children/stepchildren, any other relative who has shared the same household for at
least the previous year, anyone the Staff member advises, exerts influence over, or for whose account the Staff member effects
or instructs trades or any person or entity in whose trades the Staff member has a material direct or indirect interest. This may
include other family members, for example, or trusts of which a member of Staff is a beneficiary and/or a trustee or an adviser.
If you are in any doubt as to whether
an individual or entity is a Connected Person of yours, please discuss this with Compliance.
Independent Connected Persons
Where the spouse, partner or other
Connected Person of a member of Staff manages their financial affairs wholly independently of, and without any knowledge or influence
of, the member of Staff, the Staff member may request a derogation from the requirement for pre-clearance of that Connected Person’s
trades in accordance with this policy. Compliance will determine whether to grant this derogation based on the circumstances, including
where relevant any compliance approvals or procedures to which the Connected Person may be subject by virtue of their own employment
and appropriate certification of the independence of their financial affairs management. Any such derogation will not normally
remove the obligation for the trades of that Connected Person to be reported after execution, on a basis agreed with Compliance.
1.4
Policy Owner
Name:
|
Jonathan Jesty
|
Function:
|
Global Head of Compliance
|
Department:
|
Compliance
|
Telephone:
|
+44 20 7658 7983
|
Email:
|
Jonathan.jesty@schroders.com
|
Copyright
|
©
|
Copyright and all rights reserved by Schroders. No part of this communication may be reproduced
or transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, paper copy, recording or otherwise) without the prior written
permission of Schroders.
|
As a global financial services firm
managing investments for our clients we are required under various financial services regulations to establish, implement and maintain
adequate arrangements aimed to ensure that Staff do not
enter into personal
transaction
s, or recommend others to do so, that could amount to
market abuse, criminal activity, a material conflict of interest which is not mitigated and/or breach of fiduciary duty. This includes
transactions which:
|
·
|
are based on inside information;
and/or
|
|
·
|
involve the misuse or improper disclosure
of confidential information;
and/or
|
|
·
|
conflict with or are likely to conflict
with an obligation of Schroders to a client
, including the fundamental
duty to act in the best interests of clients.
|
Accordingly, all Staff must ensure
when undertaking personal transactions for themselves or their Connected Persons, or when advising on influencing their Connected
Persons that they do not:
|
·
|
deal on inside, or other confidential, information, or advise, encourage or influence anyone else
to do so;
|
|
·
|
utilise knowledge of client trading for their own or another’s benefit;
|
|
·
|
undertake transactions that would conflict with any of Schroders’ obligations to its clients;
|
|
·
|
participate in excessively active trading which may interfere or be seen to interfere with their
ability to discharge their employment responsibilities or may substantially increase the regulatory and reputational risks to them
and to the Group;
|
|
·
|
make trades that expose them to material open ended liabilities, including short selling, CFD investing,
spread betting and leveraged account management without an appropriate stop-loss mechanism being put in place.
|
These principles also apply to Staff
joining or leaving Schroders with regard to any knowledge of confidential information they may have acquired prior to joining Schroders
or during their time with Schroders. In addition to the prohibitions described above, all Staff have the following obligations:
|
·
|
review and understand the provisions of the PA dealing rules applicable to them at Group and local
level;
|
|
·
|
obtain any pre-clearance required under the PA dealing rules before initiating any transaction;
|
|
·
|
provide to persons involved in the pre-clearance process all requested information on the proposed
transaction and on the Staff member, or Connected Person on a timely basis;
|
|
·
|
report immediately to Compliance any breach or suspected breach of the PA dealing rules as soon
as the Staff member becomes aware of such circumstance.
|
Additionally, trading in some financial
instruments is prohibited. Permissible and prohibited investments are set out in the table in section 3 below.
Staff in
High Risk
positions are more likely to have access to inside information and/or to client trading information and/or may undertake roles
that may be more likely to create an actual or perceived conflict of interest. Staff in the following areas or positions are in
High Risk positions:
|
·
|
Members of Investment teams: portfolio managers, analysts and fund manager assistants
|
|
·
|
Members of Dealing desks (Equity and Fixed Income) (the “Dealers”)
|
|
·
|
Members of the Structured Solutions team
|
|
·
|
Members of the Transitions team
|
|
·
|
Members of internal control functions who have access to pre-trade information: Compliance and,
in London, the Operational Risk team (Investment)
|
|
·
|
Members of the Investment and Relationship Management teams, and others whose role involves investment
management , advice or order execution in the Private Banks
|
|
·
|
Any other non-US Staff who are US Access Persons
|
All other positions that, in the
normal course of their day to day responsibilities, have no access to inside information and/or to client trades information are
Ordinary Risk
positions.
Schroders maintains a “Stop
List” of financial instruments that cannot be purchased/sold, normally because an employee of the Group is in possession
of potentially price-sensitive confidential information. Dealing in financial instruments that are on the Stop List is prohibited.
Compliance will refuse requests for trades in securities that are on the Stop List.
Unless otherwise provided by local
rules or in the pre-clearance issued for particular trades, clearances will be valid until the end of the business day following
the approval and PA dealing may only take place in that time frame For the avoidance of doubt, this applies to all proposed personal
transactions of a type which require pre-clearance, irrespective of the size of the transactions.
|
2.5
|
Dealing around client orders
|
High Risk Staff
are prohibited
from buying or selling financial instruments, to the extent indicated in Section 3 (transactions required to be checked in relation
to client trades with Compliance), seven calendar days before or after a client transaction within their asset class.
As it is sometimes difficult for
a High Risk member of Staff to find a clear window for a personal account trade for frequently traded stocks, the ‘seven
calendar day rule’ will not apply where the trade is a Small Transaction as defined in section 2.7.
If
Staff are unsure about a situation or wish to discuss a potential transaction, they should contact Compliance for advice (
StaffDealing@schroders.com
in the UK)
.
|
2.6
|
Dealing in equities in which the Group holds more than 10%
|
Staff are not permitted to purchase
equity or equity linked investments in companies (other than Schroders managed closed ended Investment Trusts or, with the approval
of the relevant GMC member, unquoted private equity investments) in which Schroders holds more than 10% of the issued share capital
of the company on behalf of its clients (whether pooled funds or segregated clients) and on behalf of the Group in aggregate. This
is because the regulatory and reputational risks are considered higher when the Group has a large shareholding and may be more
likely to be in possession of or exposed to confidential information. Requests to deal are checked by Compliance against the list
of companies to which this applies Any cases which may compromise pre-emption rights, such as
acquisitions through a public rights
issue on the same terms available to all other shareholders, can be discussed with Compliance and a derogation may be provided.
Disposals of holdings on this list
which were purchased either when the Group did not hold greater than 10% or before this provision came into effect are permitted
but Staff need to be particularly vigilant that they could not be regarded as holding any relevant confidential information related
to the company at the time they seek to make such a disposal. Also, the restrictions around dealing around client orders set out
in 2.5 above will be applied to all Staff in these circumstances and the exclusion of Small Transactions from the checking against
client trades and orders set out in 2.7 below will not apply.
|
2.7
|
Pre
-
clearance
for Financial
Instruments other than Schroders plc Shares and
Schroder
Investment Trusts
|
Pre-clearance must be obtained
from Compliance for all transactions, irrespective of size, in securities and other instruments for which pre-approval is required
as set out in Section 3. All Investment staff in Asset Management are required to declare, when seeking pre-clearance for an instrument,
if it is within their desk’s eligible investment universe (or their desk’s scope of responsibility, in the case of
Dealers). In general, Small Transactions are unlikely to conflict with transactions undertaken on behalf of clients. In the absence
of a local legal or regulatory requirement or market practice included in a local supplemental policy, a
Small Transaction
is a transaction in any one financial instrument in respect of Staff and/or any Connected Person over a rolling 60 calendar day
period with an individual or collective consideration equal to or less than £20,000 or local currency equivalent (or, in
the case of derivatives, the value of the underlying instrument or notional, not delta adjusted). Note that the £20,000 limit
includes all transactions entered into by a member of Staff and their Connected Persons.
All transactions that are not Small
Transactions i.e. are over £20,000 or equivalent, are deemed to be
Large Transactions
.
|
Stop List and 10% Holdings test
|
Client trading (pending clients orders in the dealing system)
|
Pending or planned material orders (with the Asset Class or Desk Head)
|
Ordinary Risk Staff
|
Pre-clearance by Compliance (for all Transactions)
|
Pre-clearance by Compliance (for Large Transactions only*)
|
Not applicable
|
High Risk Staff
|
Pre-clearance by Compliance (for all Transactions)
|
Pre-clearance coordination by Compliance (for Large Transactions only*)
|
* = and sale of a security which
is a 10% Holding
All Staff are required to obtain
e-mailed pre-clearance during local office hours from their relevant Compliance function. Permission for Large Transactions will
not be granted for any Staff ahead of a client order waiting to be executed. In addition, for transactions for High Risk Staff,
recent client trades will be checked and the Asset Class or Desk Head will be asked to confirm, before permission to deal is granted,
that there are no pending or planned material orders on behalf of clients which would make it inappropriate for permission to be
granted, having regard to the liquidity of the stock concerned. The Compliance function in the office in which the request was
made will co-ordinate the internal pre-clearance process with other Schroders offices, where needed.
Email confirmations will provide
or deny clearances. Compliance reserve the right not to give the reason for denial of clearance. After pre-clearance has been received
from Compliance, it will be valid until the end of the following business day, unless otherwise stated, and PA dealing may only
take place in that timeframe. All transactions, large or small, are subject to compliance with the governing principles in section
2.1. Please refer to section 2.10 for the holding period of financial instruments.
Please also see section 3 for the
application of the rules to different investment types.
|
2.8
|
Pre-clearance for Schroders plc Shares and Schroder managed listed Investment Trusts
|
For all transactions in Schroders plc shares, irrespective
of size, pre-clearance is required from the Group Company Secretary in accordance with the “Schroders’ Code of Practice
for Staff Dealing in Schroders plc Securities”.
In the case of directors of Schroders plc, clearance
is also required from the Chairman of the Company (which will normally be obtained via the Company Secretary). Email confirmations
will provide or deny clearances.
For Small and Large Transactions
in investment trusts that are managed by Schroders, pre-clearance is required from both Compliance and the Investment Trust Company
Secretary, through the Schroders Corporate Secretariat function (contact: John Spedding). Email confirmations will provide or deny
clearances. Transactions in Schroder managed listed
investment trusts also require
reporting to Compliance and are subject to the holding period, in accordance with sections 2.10 and 2.11 below.
|
2.9
|
Remuneration awards - hedging
|
Personal
hedging refers to the use of financial products to protect against or limit the risk associated with deferred remuneration awards
for example, Share or Fund Awards that employees may receive as part of their performance-based remuneration under our Equity Compensation
Plan, Equity Incentive Plan or Long-Term Incentive Plan.
Participants
are prohibited from entering into personal hedging arrangements in relation to their restricted or unvested remuneration awards
that reflect deferred compensation in shares or equivalent, as required by local regulatory requirements on compensation, whether
directly or indirectly. This includes short sales, puts, calls or other types of financial instruments (including but not limited
to, variable forward contracts, equity swaps and collars) based on the value of Schroders shares, funds or other securities granted
to such an employee, or held directly or indirectly by such employee as part of their performance-based remuneration. This prohibition
does not apply to hedging of any currency risk that may be associated with a Share or Fund award.
Participants
may be requested to confirm their compliance with this policy. If an employee hedges or attempts to hedge restricted or unvested
Share Awards, Fund Awards or other securities in breach of this policy, the employee may be liable to disciplinary action and/or
may be liable to forfeit all or part of their restricted or unvested awards.
If
an employee is in any doubt as to the meaning of this policy they should seek advice from Compliance as part of the pre-clearance
process.
Schroders discourages short-term
trading. In particular, assets specified in the table in section 3 as subject to a minimum holding period, including Schroder open-ended
mutual funds, should be held for a minimum of 60 calendar days. Permission may be given by Compliance to close out positions within
the holding period on an exceptional basis. Staff are encouraged to invest for the medium to long term in other open ended mutual
funds, where they wish to make such investments, and not to trade in and out of them frequently.
|
2.11
|
Post trade confirmations
|
All Staff are required to provide
their relevant local Compliance function with post trade notification of all transactions for which this requirement is specified
in the Table in Section
3, by means of an independent confirmation
such as copies of broker notes or account statements.
All Staff should,
preferably, arrange for all their and their Connected Persons’ post trade confirmations to be forwarded to Compliance directly
by their brokers/agents. Pro forma letters to brokers are available from Compliance. If direct confirmations cannot be provided
by brokers/agents, the member of Staff must provide copies to Compliance within seven calendar days of a transaction. Where reporting
is not feasible within seven calendar days (e.g. an IPO subscription or other transaction requiring a written application), the
transaction should be reported promptly after receiving confirmation of the amount allocated to the investor.
|
2.12
|
Reporting of PA dealing to management
|
All pre-clearance requests by Investment
Staff in Asset Management that exceed £5,000 where the instrument is within their desk’s eligible investment universe
(which they are required to disclose when seeking approval) are notified to their relevant Asset Class Head for monitoring purposes.
Proposed trades exceeding £5,000 by Investment Staff in
a fund that is managed by their own desk will also be notified by Compliance to the relevant Asset Class Head .
In addition, all Staff pre-clearance
requests or approvals, or reports or trades executed, may be routinely or exceptionally reported to the Staff member’s line
manager or other more senior members of Schroder group management within the Staff member’s business, country or functional
area as part of management oversight arrangements and the Staff member for themselves and their Connected Persons, is regarded
as consenting to such reporting when they submit pre-clearance requests.
|
2.13
|
Non-compliance with the PA dealing rules
|
In the event that any Staff or
their Connected Persons are found to have breached the PA dealing rules applicable to Staff, Schroders reserves the right to insist
that the member of Staff closes out any position, or requests their Connected Person to do so, and pays any profits made to charity.
Schroders further reserves the right to take further sanctions against the member of Staff up to and including dismissal, or removal
in the case of the in-house Staff of outsourced service providers.
|
3
|
Permissible investments
|
Subject to compliance with this Policy, the following
table sets out permissible investments:
Financial instrument (including new issues)
|
Permissible (subject to clearance where required)?
|
Pre-clearance required - all Transactions
required to be checked
by
Compliance against Stop List and, where applicable, the 10% Shareholding List and related requirements
|
Large Transactions also
required to be checked in relation to client trades with Compliance
(with Asset Class or Desk Heads)
|
Post trade reporting by broker or Staff member to Compliance required within 7 calendar days
|
Required holding period of
60
calendar days
(but frequent trading discouraged for all instruments)
|
Equity
|
Shares (including ADRs, GDRs and transferable rights)
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Unquoted shares
and crowd-funding
1
|
Yes
|
No
1
|
No
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Private equity
2
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Initial Public Offerings (IPOs)
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
3
|
Yes
|
Non-discretionary dividend reinvestment transactions and corporate action elections for which formal public documents are issued
4
|
Yes
|
No
|
No
|
No
|
No
|
Schroders plc shares
|
Yes
|
Yes
(Check with Company Secretary)
|
Yes
(Check with Company Secretary)
|
Yes
(to Company Secretary)
|
Yes
|
Debt
|
Government or Supra-national Bond
|
Yes
|
No
|
No
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Corporate Bond
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Convertible Bond
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Structured Notes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Asset/
mortgage/
credit backed securities
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Collective investment vehicles
5
|
Non-Schroder Open Ended Funds, authorised for distribution to the public in the Staff member’s country (UCITS funds in Europe), excluding open ended exchange traded funds
|
Yes
|
No
|
No
|
No
|
No
|
Index Based Open Ended Exchange Traded Funds
|
Yes
|
No
|
No
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Other non-Schroder Open Ended Funds
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Other Exchange Traded Funds
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Enterprise Investment Schemes
|
Yes
|
No
|
No
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Schroder Open Ended Funds
|
Yes
|
No
|
No
6
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Schroder Money Market Funds
|
Yes
|
No
|
No
|
No
|
No
|
Non-Schroder Closed Ended Funds (e.g. UK Investment Trusts and VCTs)
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Schroder Closed Ended Funds (UK Investment Trusts)
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
(Check small and large transactions with Investment Trust Company Secretary)
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Derivatives (incl. Commodity)
|
Derivatives linked to major market indices
|
Yes
|
No
|
No
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Options (call/put)
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
(unless based on a major liquid equity or bond index)
|
Yes
|
Yes
(except for hedging)
|
Writing Uncovered Options (incl. options on currency and on interest rate)
|
No
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
Writing Covered Options (incl. options on currency and on interest rate)
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
(except for hedging)
|
Futures (buying/selling)
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
(unless based on a major liquid equity or bond index)
|
Yes
|
Yes
(except for hedging)
|
Swaps (Equity, Credit, Interest Rate, Currency)
|
No
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
Contract for Differences or spread bets linked to a security, commodity or other financial instrument
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
(unless based on a major liquid equity or bond index)
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Forward Interest Rate Agreements
|
No
7
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
Warrants
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Others
|
Spot and Forward FX
8
, Gold and financial investments referencing gold
|
Yes
|
No
|
No
|
No
|
No
|
Financial investments referencing other physical commodities
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
1
unless the employee is in Investment and the instrument is within their desk’s eligible investment universe, in which case
pre-clearance is needed. “Crowd-funding”
is
where
people, organisations and businesses, including
business start-ups, can raise money through online portals.
2
“private equity”
in this context
means
investments or special purpose vehicles arranged by private equity firms or financial advisers that are not publicly traded.
3
IPOs should be reported promptly after receiving
confirmation of the amount allocated to the investor, if not feasible within 7 calendar days of subscription.
4
this includes scrip issues, dividend reinvestment
plans and scrip dividends
5
applies to all types of funds, including private
equity funds, funds of funds and hedge funds of funds
6
proposed
trades exceeding £5,000 by
Investment
Staff
in
a fund
that is managed by their own desk are subject to Compliance pre-approval
7
for hedging, please contact Compliance
8
these include electronic
currencies such as bitcoin
For
any other asset type not covered above, please contact Compliance.
Additional policies apply in respect of:
-
Australia
-
Brazil
-
Dubai
-
Hong Kong
-
Indonesia
-
Japan
-
Korea
-
Singapore
-
Switzerland
-
Taiwan
-
United States of America
-
UK Staff subject to US Code of Ethics
[1] High quality short-term
debt instruments means any instrument having a maturity at issuance of less than 366 days and which is rated in one of the highest
two rating categories by a Nationally Recognised Statistical Rating Organisation, or which is unrated but is of comparable quality
.
CODE OF ETHICS
Scope and Purpose
|
2
|
OUTSIDE DIRECTORSHIPS
|
3
|
OUTSIDE EMPLOYMENT
|
3
|
PRIVATE SECURITIES TRANSACTIONS AND TAX SHELTERS
|
4
|
INSIDER TRADING POLICY
|
4
|
The Scope and Purpose of the Policy
|
4
|
Materiality
|
5
|
PROCEDURES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF EMPLOYEES
|
7
|
PENALTIES
|
7
|
SPECIAL PROVISIONS FOR TRADING IN THE SECURITIES OF SCHRODERS PLC
|
8
|
STOP LIST
|
8
|
Summary
|
9
|
COVERED SECURITIES
|
11
|
COVERED ACCOUNTS
|
12
|
BLACK OUT PERIODS – ACCESS PERSONS ONLY
|
12
|
HOLDING PERIODS
|
13
|
TRADING IN SECURITIES OF COMPANIES WHERE ADVISER HOLDS SIGNIFICANT POSITION
|
14
|
PRE-CLEARANCE
|
14
|
·
US-Based
Personnel
|
14
|
·
All
Other Access Persons
|
17
|
REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
|
18
|
Initial Employment
|
18
|
Quarterly Reports
|
18
|
Annual Reports
|
19
|
ADMINISTRATION OF THE CODE
|
20
|
GRANTING OF EXCEPTIONS
|
20
|
APPENDIX A of the Code of Ethics – Approvers
|
22
|
APPENDIX B of the Code of Ethics – ETFs Exempt from 60 day holding policy
|
23
|
APPENDIX C of the Code of Ethics – Designated Brokers
|
24
|
APPENDIX D of the Code of Ethics – Rule Set
|
25
|
CODE OF ETHICS
Scope and Purpose
Set forth below is the Code of Ethics (the “Code”)
for Schroder Investment Management North America Inc. (the “Adviser”), as required by Rule 204A-1 under the Investment
Advisers Act of 1940 (the “Advisers Act”). The purpose of the Code is to set forth standards of conduct that govern
the activities of all personnel to ensure that the business is conducted in a manner that meets the high standards required by
our fiduciary duty to clients and in compliance with all legal and regulatory requirements to which the business is subject.
This Code applies to all officers, directors
and employees (full and part time) of the Adviser (“Access Persons”), and all associated persons of Schroder Fund Advisors,
LLC (“SFA”) who are also employees of, or supervised by, the Adviser. All persons employed by any subsidiary of Schroders
plc (“Schroders’) who are deemed Access Persons, to wit, employees who, in connection with their duties, are aware
of securities under consideration for purchase or sale on behalf of clients, as well as personnel who are aware of portfolio holdings
of registered investment companies advised or sub-advised by the Adviser or its affiliates (“Reportable Funds”) are
covered by the Codes of Ethics applicable to those Advisers and to the Group Policies relating to ethics and personal securities
trading.
In carrying out their job responsibilities,
all Access Persons must, at a minimum, comply with all applicable legal requirements, including applicable securities laws. In
addition all Access Persons must always maintain professional integrity and behave with ethical conduct; place the interests of
clients and the integrity of the investment profession above their own personal interests; use professional judgment when engaging
in all professional activities and encourage peers to do the same; behave in a manner that reflects well on themselves and Schroders;
and strive to maintain and improve their professional competence and the professional competence of their peers. Any breach by
an Access Person of the laws, regulations and procedures outlined in the Code of Ethics will be deemed to be a violation of the
terms of his or her employment with the Adviser and may result in severe disciplinary action and/or dismissal in addition to any
other penalties or liabilities resulting from such violation.
The Code imposes restrictions on personal
securities transactions that are designed to prevent any conflict or the appearance of any conflict of interest between Access
Persons’ trading for their personal accounts and securities transactions initiated or recommended for clients. The Code also
provides
procedures to ensure that securities transactions
undertaken by Access Persons, whether for clients or for personal purposes do not involve the misuse of material non-public information,
including sensitive information relating to client portfolio holdings and transactions being considered to be undertaken on behalf
of clients. Therefore, incorporated within the Code are an Insider Trading Policy and a Personal Securities Transactions Policy,
which contain procedures that must be followed by all personnel pursuant to Rule 204A-1 and Rule 204-2(a)(12) under the Advisers
Act, Rule 17j-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “Investment Company Act”) and Section 204A of the Advisers
Act. To the extent that associated persons of SFA are subject to the Code, it incorporates the requirements of Section 20A of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”).
OUTSIDE DIRECTORSHIPS
Associated persons may not serve on the board
of directors (or the equivalent) of any publicly listed or traded issuer or of any issuer whose securities are held in any client
portfolio, except with the prior written authorization of the Chairman or Chief Executive of the Adviser or, in their absence,
the Chief Compliance Officer or the Head of Group Compliance. That authorization may be granted based only upon a determination
that the board service would be consistent with the interests of Schroders and its clients. If permission to serve as a director
is given, the issuer will be placed permanently on the Adviser’s Stop List. Transactions in that issuer‘s securities
for client and personal securities accounts will only be authorized when certification has been obtained from that issuer‘s
Secretary or similar officer that its directors are not in possession of material price sensitive information with respect to its
securities.
OUTSIDE EMPLOYMENT
No officer or associated person of the Adviser
may engage in any form of outside employment without first making a written request to do so and obtaining the written consent
of the firm. The “Outside Relationships Disclosure Form” can be found on the Human Resources Intranet page. Human Resources
will consult with the Compliance department if they believe there is a conflict of interest with the intended outside relationship.
Associated persons must receive prior written approval of the Chief Compliance Officer or
the General Counsel to receive a fee from any outside source for such activities as investment banking, finder's fees, or consulting.
For the purposes of this restriction, outside employment includes self-employment, whether in an individual capacity or through
an entity in which the associated person has an interest.
PRIVATE SECURITIES TRANSACTIONS AND TAX SHELTERS
No associated person may participate in any
type of private placement or tax shelter without obtaining the advance consent of the Chief Compliance Officer. The associated
person must submit the information and certification specified in the Personal Securities Transaction Policy. A request to participate
in a private securities transaction must be based on a passive investment in the entity without operational, management or promotional
duties. Rule 3040 of the NASD Conduct Rules (or its successor FINRA rule) requires that associated persons of SFA contemplating
private securities transactions must submit a detailed request to participate to the firm, which must issue permission to proceed.
This request must be submitted electronically through MyCompliance and will be routed to the designated Compliance Officer for
SFA.
Exiting a private placement or tax shelter,
whether by sale or redemption, does not need to be approved but the transaction must be reported to Compliance in the Access Persons’
next quarterly transactions report and the next annual holding report.
No associated person of SFA may receive
selling compensation in connection with a private securities transaction or tax shelter, not offered through SFA. Any associated
person engaged in selling activity other than in connection with their duties as a registered representative must obtain prior
permission in writing from the Chief Compliance Officer. .
No such participation in a transaction
in which an associated person will receive selling compensation will be approved unless SFA determines that it can record the transaction
in its records and supervise the participation of the employee in the transaction.
INSIDER TRADING POLICY
The Scope and Purpose of the Policy
It is a
violation of United States federal law and a serious breach of the Adviser’s policies for any associated person to trade
in, or recommend trading in, the securities of a issuer, for his/her personal gain or on behalf of the firm or its clients, while
in possession of material, nonpublic information (“inside information”) which may come into his/her possession either
in the course of performing his/her duties, or through a breach of any duty of trust and confidence. Such violations could subject
you, the Adviser and its affiliates, to significant civil as well as criminal liability, including the imposition of monetary penalties,
and could also result in irreparable harm to the reputation of the Adviser. Tippees (i.e., persons who
receive
material, nonpublic information) also may be held liable if they trade or pass along such information to others.
Further,
it is a violation of anti-fraud provisions of the Advisers Act for associated persons who are or become aware of transactions being
considered for clients or are aware of the portfolio holdings in the reportable funds to which the Adviser (or an affiliate) acts
an adviser to disclose such information to a party who has “no need to know” or to trade on such information for personal
gain by, among other things, front-running or market timing.
The US Insider Trading and Securities Fraud
Enforcement Act of 1988 (“ITSFEA”) requires all broker-dealers and investment advisers to establish and enforce written
policies and procedures reasonably designed to prevent misuse of
material, non-public
information. Although ITSFEA itself
does not define “insider trading”, the US Supreme Court has previously characterized it as the purchase or sale of
securities (which include debt instruments and put and call options) while in possession of information which is both
material
and
non-public
, i.e., information not available to the general public about the securities or related securities, the issuer
and in some cases the markets for the securities. The provisions of ITSFEA apply both to trading while in possession of such information
and to communicating such information to others who might trade on it improperly.
Materiality
Material non-public information—sometimes
colloquially called “inside information”—is generally understood as information about an issuer of publicly-traded
securities that has not been made known to either the professional investment community or to the public at large and would be
likely to be significant to a reasonable investor in making investment decision and would alter the total mix of information available
to the market. Such information usually originates from the issuer itself and could include, among other things, knowledge of an
issuer’s earnings or dividends, a significant change in the value of assets, changes in key personnel or plans for a merger
or acquisition.
There is no automatic prohibition against trading
in possession of material non-public information. The obligation to refrain from trading arises from the circumstances under which
the information is obtained. No associated person may trade while in possession of material non-public information if the information
was obtained in breach of relationship of trust and confidence or where the associated person is aware that the person who conveys
that information is acting in breach of such a relationship. To be clear, the following relationships of trust and confidence always
exist for associated persons:
Material information about transactions
that the Adviser undertakes on behalf of clients is proprietary to the firm and use of that information by associated persons in
personal securities dealings—or communication of the information to others with the expectation that they will trade--violates
the duties that associated persons owe to the Adviser. Consent to such personal dealings may only be obtained by complying with
the provisions of the personal securities transactions policies of the firm.
|
Ø
|
Information that associated persons obtain
through research or through communications with issuers on behalf of the Adviser belongs to the Adviser and may not be used in
connection with personal securities transactions other than in compliance with the personal securities transactions provisions
of this Code of Ethics.
|
Where associated persons receive information
from issuers or research providers that they believe is material and non-public in the course of their duties for the Adviser,
they should consult with the General Counsel or Chief Compliance Officer. If the associated person has received information and
the Adviser determines that the information given has not been given in breach of fiduciary duties, then the Adviser may act upon
the information for the benefit of its clients.
Information which emanates from outside an issuer
but affects the market price of an issuer’s securities can also be inside information. For example, material, non-public
information can also originate within the Adviser itself. This would include knowledge of activities or plans of an affiliate,
or knowledge of securities transactions that are being considered or executed by the Adviser itself on behalf of clients. Material,
non-public information can also be obtained from knowledge about a client that an employee has discovered in his/her dealings with
that client. Material, non-public information pertaining to a particular issuer could also involve information about another issuer
that has a material relationship to the issuer, such as a major supplier’s decision to increase its prices. Moreover, non-public
information relating to portfolio holdings in a Reportable Fund should not be used to market-time or engage in other activities
that are detrimental to the Reporting Fund and its shareholders.
In addition, Rule 14e-3 under the Exchange
Act makes it unlawful to buy or sell securities while in possession of material information relating to a tender offer, if the
person buying or selling the securities knows or has reason to know that the information is nonpublic and has been acquired, directly
or indirectly from the person making or planning to make the tender offer, from the target company, or from any officer, director,
partner or employee or other person acting on behalf of either the bidder or the target company. This rule prohibits not only trading,
but
also the communication of material, nonpublic
information relating to a tender offer to another person in circumstances under which it is reasonably foreseeable that the communication
will result in a trade by someone in possession of the material nonpublic information
PROCEDURES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF EMPLOYEES
|
1.
|
Personnel who acquire
non-public
information (that may possibly be material) about an issuer
are immediately prohibited from:
|
(a) Trading
in the securities of that issuer or related securities and financial instruments (as defined below) whether for client accounts
or for any personal accounts, and
(b) Communicating
the information either inside or outside the Adviser except as provided below.
|
2.
|
Personnel who acquired non-public information
should report the matter to the General Counsel or the Chief Compliance Officer.
|
|
3.
|
After the General Counsel or Chief Compliance
Officer has reviewed the issue, you will be instructed to either continue the prohibitions against trading and communicating, or
the restrictions on trading and communicating the information will be lifted.
|
|
4.
|
Personnel who are aware of the portfolio
holdings in Reportable Funds because of their responsibilities within the Adviser are precluded from disclosing such information
to others within the Adviser and Schroders who do not have a “need to know.”
|
|
5.
|
Personnel who are aware of the portfolio
holdings in Reportable Funds because of their responsibilities within the Adviser are precluded from disclosing such information
to others outside of the Adviser or Schroders except as required to fulfill their work-related responsibilities.
Disclosure
of the portfolio holdings of Reportable Funds shall only be made in compliance with such Funds’ portfolio holdings disclosure
policy.
|
PENALTIES
Penalties for trading on or communicating material,
non-public information are severe, both for the individuals involved in such unlawful conduct and their employers. Under the law,
a person can be subject to some or all of the penalties below, even if s/he does not personally benefit from the violation. Penalties
include:
|
2)
|
disgorgement of profits;
|
|
3)
|
treble damages – fines for the Access
Person who committed the violation, of up to 3 times the profit gained or loss avoided, whether or not the person actually benefited;
|
|
4)
|
fines for the employer or other controlling
person of up to the greater of $1,000,000, or 3 times the profit gained or loss avoided; and
|
SPECIAL PROVISIONS FOR TRADING IN THE SECURITIES OF SCHRODERS
PLC
Special restrictions apply to trading in
the securities of Schroders plc because staff, by virtue of their employment, may be deemed to have inside information:
|
1.
|
Securities of Schroders plc will not be purchased for any client account without the permission
of that client, and then only if permitted by applicable law.
|
|
2.
|
Personal securities transactions in the securities
of Schroders plc are subject to blackout periods and other restrictions which are outlined in the UK Staff Dealing Rules which
can be found on Group Compliance’s intranet website. A trade request must be submitted via MyCompliance and approved by the
UK Corporate Secretariat prior to trading.
|
STOP LIST
Schroders maintains a Stop List embedded
into Charles River, the current global trade order and compliance management system. This list includes company securities for
which one or more persons at the Adviser and its affiliates may hold price sensitive information. The Stop List is maintained by
the Portfolio Compliance team, and any changes are communicated immediately via a Stop List e-mail distribution group. Employees
are not permitted to trade in those securities which are on the Stop List. This list is automatically fed into
MyCompliance and a trade
requested in a security held on the stop list would be automatically denied.
PERSONAL SECURITIES TRANSACTIONS POLICY
Summary
All associated persons of the Adviser are subject
to the restrictions contained in this Personal Securities Transactions Policy (the “Policy”) with respect to their
securities transactions. Temporary and seconded employees may be subject to some but not all provisions of the Policy as hereafter
specified. The following serves as a summary of the most common restrictions. Please refer to specific sections that follow this
summary for more detail, including definitions of persons covered by this Policy, accounts covered by this Policy (“Covered
Accounts”), securities covered by this Policy (“Covered Securities”), reports required by this Policy and the
procedures for compliance with this Policy.
Effective May 20, 2015, all Personal Securities
Transactions are to be pre-cleared electronically via MyCompliance. As such,
-
All purchases or sales of Covered Securities
(generally, derivatives, equities and fixed income instruments) by employees, and certain of their family members, must be pre-cleared
via an electronic form on
MyCompliance, unless expressly excluded below.
-
All associated persons must execute their
transactions in Covered Securities through brokers designated by the Adviser as listed on Appendix C (“Designated Brokers”).
This list is based upon whether or not MyCompliance is able to receive an electronic feed from that broker. Designated Brokers
will be agreed upon at the time of association with Schroders or when the Chief Compliance Officer adds Designated Brokers to Appendix
C.
-
The system is geared to provide a timely
response based on predefined rules that have been embedded into the system. The outcome of these rules are based on market cap,
number of shares, blackout/open order lists, etc. If the trade requested is not approved, do not try to resubmit with a different
share quantity. This will be monitored by compliance post-trade and may be considered a violation to the Code of Ethics.
-
Access Persons are prohibited from profiting
from the purchase and sale or sale and purchase of a Covered Security, or a related security, within 60 calendar days. Please note
that MyCompliance does not have the
-
ability to check whether a sale within 60
days is at a loss and, therefore, will deny all pre-clearance sale requests within 60 days of purchase. If your sale is at a loss,
you will need to document this detail in the memo field of the trade request via MyCompliance and follow up with a member of the
Compliance team who can manually override the rejection.
A sale at a loss within 60 days
of purchase will not be approved if other restrictions on that trade apply.
-
Managed accounts (for which the Access Person
does not hold any investment discretion) are not required to be held at one of the designated brokers identified in Appendix C.
The account(s) however, must be reported and approved by compliance as an account held via MyCompliance.
-
Any employee wishing to buy U.S. securities,
directly or indirectly, in an initial public offering must receive prior permission from the Chief Compliance Officer. This can
be done by submitting a trade request
through MyCompliance.
This restriction does not apply to initial public offerings purchased by collective investment vehicles such as mutual
funds in which employees have invested.
-
All employees must report (but not pre-clear)
purchases, redemptions and exchanges in the Schroder Funds and any Reportable Fund, in the same manner as other covered securities.
For purposes of this Policy, accounts containing shares in the Schroder Funds or other reportable Funds are deemed “Covered
Accounts.” See definition below.
-
All transactions in the Schroder Funds and
in Reportable Funds are subject to a 60 day holding period (for profitable transactions).
ACCESS PERSON
means all officers,
directors and associated persons of the Adviser and any employee who is an Advisory Person or any employee who has access to nonpublic
information regarding any clients’ purchase or sale of securities or nonpublic information regarding the portfolio holdings
of any Reportable Fund.
ADVISORY PERSON
is any associated person
of the Adviser who, in connection with his/her regular functions or duties, makes, participates in, or obtains information regarding
the purchase or sale of a Covered Security (as defined below) on behalf of any advisory client or information regarding securities
under consideration for purchase or sale on behalf of such clients or whose functions
relate to the making of any recommendations
with respect to such purchases or sales.
ASSOCIATED PERSON
means any
person
who performs duties on behalf of the Adviser and is subject to the supervision of the Adviser. This includes persons who are employed,
seconded, serve as independent contractors, are contractually associated or otherwise. Persons such as consultants and interns
may perform services for the firm without being subject to the Adviser’s supervision. Such persons have the obligations to
the firm set forth in their consultancy or other agreements.
COVERED SECURITIES
Securities, such as equities, fixed income instruments
and derivatives of those securities including options, are covered by this Policy. The same limitations pertain to transactions
in a security related to a Covered Security, such as an option to purchase or sell a Covered Security and any security convertible
into or exchangeable for a Covered Security.
Not
covered by this Policy are:
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·
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shares in any open-end US registered investment
company (mutual fund) that is not managed by the Adviser or an affiliated adviser
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·
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shares issued by money market funds
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·
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shares issued by unit investment trusts that
are invested exclusively in one or more open-end funds, none of which are Reportable Funds. securities which are direct obligations
of the U.S. Government (
i.e
., Treasuries).
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·
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bankers’ acceptances,
bank certificates of deposit, commercial paper, repurchase agreements and other high quality short-term debt instruments
[1]
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If this policy treats a security as not covered,
you may purchase or sell it without obtaining pre-clearance and you do not have to report it. Accounts holding only securities
not covered by this policy are not required to be held at a designated broker. We recommend that you register in MyCompliance all
brokerage accounts, even if uncovered. If a security is covered, every associated person has an obligation to ascertain the rules
that apply to pre-clearance, holding period and reporting of that security.
COVERED ACCOUNTS
An account covered by this Policy is an account
in which Covered Securities are held by you or an account in which you own a beneficial interest (except where you have no influence
or control). This includes IRA accounts as well as any 401k account held from a former employer that hold a covered security. Under
the Policy, accounts held by your spouse (including his/her IRA or 401k accounts), minor children and other members of your immediate
family (children, stepchildren, grandchildren, parents, step parents, grandparents, siblings, in-laws and adoptive relationships)
who share your household are also considered your accounts. In addition, accounts maintained by your domestic partner (an unrelated
adult with whom you share your home and contribute to each other’s support) are considered your accounts under this Policy.
The access person will be presumed to have influence and control over any of the above-described accounts unless the access person
obtains the written consent of the Chief Compliance officer to treat the account as not covered.
An associated person may maintain a brokerage
account that is not a Covered Account (for example an account through which that employee holds open end mutual fund shares that
are not Covered Securities) at a firm other than the ones designated by the Adviser. Purchasing any Covered Security through that
account will immediately change the account to a Covered Account. Covered securities purchased through an account reported as non-covered
is a breach of this Code even if the transaction was otherwise permitted. Unless prior written consent is obtained from the Chief
Compliance Officer, the account will be designated as a covered account and must promptly be transferred to a designated broker.
If you are in any doubt as to whether an account
falls within this definition of Covered Account, please see Compliance. Further, if you believe that there is a reason that you
are unable to comply with the Policy, for example, your spouse works for another regulated firm, you may seek a waiver from Compliance.
BLACK OUT PERIODS – ACCESS PERSONS
ONLY
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·
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In order to prevent employees from buying
or selling securities in competition with orders for clients, or from taking advantage of knowledge of securities being considered
for purchase or sale for clients,
[2]
Access Persons may not be able to execute a trade in a Covered Security within seven calendar days
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after a client has traded in the
same (or a related) security. Trades requested through MyCompliance will run through pre-defined rules in the system which will
include checking if a trade requested was also traded in a client account and may result in the trade requested by the employee
being denied. Restrictions applied by MyCompliance come from multiple sources and have been outlined in a grid shown as Appendix
D to the Code.
HOLDING PERIODS
Short Term Trading: All personnel are strongly advised against short-term
trading. Any personnel who appear to have established a pattern of short term trading may be subject to additional restrictions
or penalties including, but not limited to, a limit or ban on future personal trading activity and a requirement to disgorge profits
on short-term trades.
Access Persons cannot purchase or sell
the same Covered Security within 60 days if such transactions will result in a profit. Trades by employees in the Schroder Funds
and in other Reportable Funds are also subject to the 60 day holding period. Profitable securities may not be sold or bought back
within 60 days after the original transaction without the permission of the Chief Compliance Officer who has exemptive authority
to override the 60 day holding policy for good cause shown.
MyCompliance does not have the ability
to check whether a sale within 60 days is at a loss and, therefore, will deny all pre-clearance sale requests within 60 days of
purchase. If your sale is at a loss, you will need to document this detail in the memo field of the trade request via MyCompliance
and follow up with a member of the Compliance team who can manually override the rejection where appropriate. Trade permissions
may be denied for multiple reasons. A sale at a loss within 60 days of purchase will not be approved if other restrictions on that
trade apply.
Exceptions
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·
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The Short Term Trading Prohibition shall
not pertain to the exercise of a call sold by an employee to cover a long position. However, although an Access Person may purchase
a put to cover a long position, the exercise of such put will only be approved if the underlying security was held for the minimum
required period (60 days). The exercise of a covered put is subject to the same pre-clearance and reporting requirements as the
underlying security.
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·
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Certain Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) are
exempt from the 60 day holding period. A list of ETFs that have been exempted from the 60 day
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holding period can be found
in Appendix B of this document. Requests for exemption must be made to the Chief Compliance Officer.
TRADING IN SECURITIES OF COMPANIES WHERE
ADVISER HOLDS SIGNIFICANT POSITION
The regulatory and reputational risks are higher
when personnel hold investments in which the Adviser and its affiliates (the “Advisory Group”) collectively have large
holdings on behalf of their clients and/or themselves. For this reason, personnel are not permitted to purchase equity investments
in which the Advisory Group holds more than 10% of the issued share capital of the company (excluding open-ended investment companies
and closed ended Schroder managed investment trusts) on behalf of clients (including both pooled funds and segregated accounts)
or on its own behalf, except where pre-emption rights are compromised, e.g. in the case of public rights issues, in which case
Compliance approval must be obtained.
This will be checked by MyCompliance as part
of the pre-clearance procedure. The sale of existing holdings in which the Advisory Group holds more than 10% of a company’s
share capital may be made, subject to compliance with the rest of this policy, but personnel – in particular any Access Persons
with knowledge of, or dealings with, the company or its senior management arising from their Investment responsibilities –
should exercise great care in determining the appropriate timing of such disposals having regard to their knowledge of the company’s
affairs and any anticipated or potential corporate events.
PRE-CLEARANCE
The following section addresses how to obtain
pre-clearance, when you may trade and how to establish an account.
If an employee fails to pre-clear a transaction
in a Covered Security, s/he may be monetarily penalized, by fine or disgorgement of profits or avoidance of loss. Violations of
this Policy will be reported to the Adviser’s Board of Directors and will result in reprimands and could also affect the
person’s employment with Schroders.
·
US-Based Personnel
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1.
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All US-based personnel are required to maintain
their Covered Accounts at a Designated Broker as listed in Appendix C. Non Schroders open end mutual funds are not required to
be held in a brokerage account; they may be held directly with the fund company or its transfer agent. To the extent that
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associated persons hold mutual funds
managed by Schroders directly with the fund company or transfer agent, they assume the responsibility to report transactions in
those funds manually in their quarterly reports and their holding in their annual report.
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2.
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Associated persons on secondment from London
or other offices may apply to Compliance for a waiver of the requirement to maintain their Covered Accounts at a US Designated
Broker. As MyCompliance is a globally used system, employees wishing to trade in US securities must follow the procedures as set
forth for US-based personnel unless waived by Compliance. Seconded employees who do not maintain Covered Accounts in the US are
required to follow the procedures set forth in The PA Dealing Rules and obtain the appropriate clearance from London via MyCompliance.
Seconded personnel who are authorized to conduct transactions through a non-US account must comply with the Personal Securities
Transaction requirements of the office from which they were seconded.
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Pre-clearance is obtained by completing an electronic
trade request which can be found on your MyCompliance dashboard. In the event that the MyCompliance system is not working, pre-clearance
can be obtained by submitting an email to the Compliance department. Approvals can be influenced by a variety of factors, including
the sensitivity of the position of the person submitting the request, principal amount of the trade, market capitalization and
trading or investment activity in the security for the benefit of clients. Please see Appendix D to the Code for a description
of the embedded rules in MyCompliance.
You are assumed when submitting an e-mail request to be
representing that you have read and agree to be bound by the Code of Ethics, including its Insider Trading Policy and Personal
Securities Transaction Policy and that the proposed transaction to your knowledge complies with all the rules and restrictions
established thereunder.
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3.
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Pre-clearance is valid until close of business
on the next business day following receipt of pre-clearance. If the transaction has not been executed within that timeframe, a
new pre-clearance must be obtained.
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4.
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It is Schroders’ policy to discourage
excessive personal trading on the part of its associated persons, including all Access Persons under this Code. Accordingly, an
Access Person may execute only sixty (60) trades that require pre-clearance in any calendar quarter unless such Access Person has
obtained the prior written consent of the Chief Compliance Officer upon a showing of good cause.
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If you wish
to purchase an initial public offering
[3]
or securities in a private placement
[4]
you must
obtain permission from the Chief Compliance Officer.
In such cases, an Access Person would
submit a trade request via MyCompliance and the system would issue a response stating that the request is under review. If such
permission is granted, such permissions and the reasons for granting them will be maintained in writing by the Chief Compliance
Officer in accordance with Rule 17j-1(f)(2).
The Compliance Officer will not approve transactions
in securities that are not publicly traded, unless the Access Person provides such documents as the Compliance Department requests
and the Chief Compliance Officer concludes, after consultation with one or more of the relevant Portfolio Managers, that the Companies
would have no foreseeable interest in investing in such Security or any related Security for the account of any Client.
The following transactions do not require
pre-clearance
:
-
Transactions in a Covered Account over which
the employee has no direct or indirect influence or control such as where investment discretion is delegated in writing to an independent
fiduciary. Employees must provide such evidence of delegation of investment discretion as the Compliance Department requests and
provide copies of account statements.
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Purchases and redemptions/sales of mutual funds
managed by Schroders. Note that transactions are subject to quarterly and annual reporting and the 60 day holding period.
-
Transactions in Exchange traded funds (ETFs).
Note that transactions in Exchange traded funds are subject to the 60 day holding period.
-
Transactions which are non-volitional on
the part of the employee (e.g., receipt of securities pursuant to a stock dividend or merger, a gift or inheritance).
However,
the volitional sale of securities acquired in a non-volitional manner is treated as any other transaction and subject to pre-clearance.
This may include where options are exercised against a call written by the employee or where securities are exchanged for cash
or other securities as part of a business transaction.
-
Purchases of the securities of an issuer
through an automatic investment plan makes periodic purchases (or withdrawals) automatically in (or from) investment accounts in
accordance with a predetermined schedule and allocation are permitted.
An automatic investment plan includes a dividend reinvestment
plan (“DRIP”). Documentation concerning the plan and the standing instruction for the plan should be provided to compliance
before initiating such a plan. Any transactions in such a plan other than according to a predetermined schedule are subject to
pre-clearance. Exceptions may be granted on a case by case basis by the Chief Compliance Officer.
-
The receipt or exercise of rights issued by
an issuer on a pro rata basis to all holders of a class of security and the sale of such rights are permitted without pre-clearance.
However, if you buy or sell rights issued to you in a transaction with a third party, the transaction must be pre-cleared. If to
your knowledge the Advisory Group holds more than 10% of the outstanding share capital of the issuer, you must pre-cleared the
exercise of those rights.
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Tender of shares already held into an offer if the tender offer is open on the same terms to all holders of the securities
covered by the offer.
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Conversion of convertible securities or participation
in exchange offers provided that the conversion or offer is available on the same terms to all holders.
-
Transactions in collective investment schemes
offered by plans that qualify under Section 529 of the Internal Revenue Code. Although exempt from pre-clearance, such transactions
must be reported unless the securities purchased through the plan would not independently be covered security under the Code of
Ethics.
·
All Other Access Persons
All other persons who are deemed Access Persons,
wherever geographically situated, are subject to their local policies and procedures relating to personal securities transactions.
Records of such Access Persons’ personal transactions will be maintained locally in accordance with Rule 204-2(a)(12) under
the Advisers Act and made available to representatives of the US Securities and Exchange Commission upon request. Temporary employees
who are deemed Access Persons must comply with this Code other than the requirement of
maintaining covered accounts at a Designated
Broker. Exemptions from the Code made for temporary employees shall be documented by Compliance.
REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
All personnel are required to report their
transactions in Covered Securities in MyCompliance.
Initial Employment
No later than 10 days after initial employment
with the Adviser, each employee must provide Compliance with a list of each Covered Security s/he owns (as defined above). The
information provided, which must be current as of a date no more that 45 days prior to the date such person became an employee,
must include the title of the security, the exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP, the number of shares owned (for equities) and principal
amount (for debt securities). The employee must also provide information, which must include the name of the broker, dealer or
bank with whom the employee maintains an account in which any securities are held for the direct or indirect benefit of the employee.
The report must be signed by the employee and the date of submission noted thereon. Employees may provide account statements in
lieu of a listing.
Quarterly Reports
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No later than 30 days after the end of each
calendar quarter, each employee will provide Compliance with a report of all transactions in Covered Securities in the quarter
on the form issued via MyCompliance and including all information requested in that form. Employees must also report of any new
securities accounts established during the quarter, including the name of the broker/dealer and the date the securities account
was established. If all transactions have taken place in covered accounts at an approved broker that provides statements to Schroders,
a simple affirmation of those transactions may be provided through the electronic certification distributed by MyCompliance.
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Transactions in shares of the Schroder Funds
and in other Reportable Funds must be reported, including transactions other than purchases through payroll deductions in the now
combined Schroder 401(k) and Defined Contribution Plans. Only exchanges must be reported; payroll deductions and changes to future
investment of payroll deductions do not need to be reported. All transactions in the SERP are subject to the same reporting requirements
as the Schroder 401(k) plan.
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Annual Reports
Within 45 days after the end of the calendar
year, each employee must report all his/her holdings in Covered Securities as at December 31, including the title, exchange ticker
symbol or CUSIP, number of shares and principal amount of each Covered Security the employee owns (as defined above) and the names
of all securities accounts. The report must be submitted via MyCompliance by the employee and the date of submission noted thereon.
Employees may rely on brokerage statements provided by a Designated Broker or another broker-dealer that has been approved by the
Chief Compliance Officer provided that they certify in writing that those statements set forth all covered securities that the
employee holds.
The information on personal securities transactions
received and recorded will be deemed to satisfy the obligations contained in Rule 204A-1 under the Advisers Act and Rule 17j-1
under the Investment Company Act. Such reports may, where appropriate, contain a statement to the effect that the reporting of
the transaction is not to be construed as an admission that the person has any direct or indirect beneficial interest or ownership
in the security. Any such reports shall be maintained for at least five years after the end of the fiscal year in which the report
was made, the first two years in an easily accessible place.
Knowledge of the Code and Annual Certification
Each employee is responsible for understanding
the provisions of this Code. Each will certify no less often than annually that she or he has reviewed the current version of this
Code and has complied with the Code.
The Chief Compliance Officer will ensure that
employees have access to the most current version of the Code. The Code will be maintained on the internal Compliance website at:
http://myintranet.london.schroders.com/channels/index/compliance-usa/Pages/compliance-usa.aspx
It will also be maintained on a portion of the
firm’s file servers accessible to all employees at:
O:\Policies & Procedures\Compliance
All employees will receive written notification
of amendments to the Code together with a copy of the revisions or directions on where a current copy can be obtained.
Self-Reporting of Violations
Employees have an obligation to review their
own trading to ensure that they have acted in compliance with the provision of this Code. To the extent that an employee determines
that she or he has executed a transaction not in compliance with this Code, that employee has an obligation to report the violation
to the Chief Compliance Officer.
ADMINISTRATION OF THE CODE
At least annually, the Chief Compliance Officer, on behalf of the
Adviser, will furnish to the board of the Schroder Funds and any other US registered investment companies to which the Adviser
acts as adviser or sub-adviser, a written report that:
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(i)
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Describes any issues arising under the Code or this Policy since the
last report to the board, including, but not limited to, information about material violations of the Code or this Policy and sanctions
imposed in response to the material violations; and
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(ii)
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Certifies that the Adviser has adopted procedures
reasonably necessary to prevent Access Persons from violating the Code or this Policy.
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GRANTING OF EXCEPTIONS
The Chief Compliance Officer and the General
Counsel may, on a case-by-case basis, grant exceptions to any provisions under this Code for good cause. Any such exceptions and
the reasons for granting them will be maintained in writing by the Chief Compliance Officer and presented to the Board of Directors
of the Adviser and to the Board of Trustees of the funds at the next scheduled meeting.
Adopted: October 1, 1995
Amended: May 15, 1996
May 1, 1997
June 12, 1998
June 2, 1999
March 14, 2000
August 14, 2001
June 23, 2003
October 23, 2003
December 9, 2003
May 11, 2004
January 14, 2005
December 5, 2005
March 6, 2006
September 14, 2007
September 14, 2009
March 9, 2010
June 12, 2012
June 18, 2013
June 12, 2014
May
20, 2015
APPENDIX
A of the Code of Ethics – Approvers
In the event that the MyCompliance system is
down, the following members of the Compliance Department are authorized to pre-clear personal transactions:
Stephen M. DeTore
Stephanie Filiault
Jennifer Grunberg
Nick Patnaik
Lisa Rolón
In addition, the following Officers of the Adviser
may pre-clear trades for Members of the Compliance Department or for others when a member of the Compliance Department is unavailable:
Carin F. Muhlbaum, Chief Legal Officer and Chief
Administrative Officer
Mark Hemenetz, Chief Operating Officer
Compliance email: “*US SIM - SIM NA Compliance”
Link to MyCompliance: https://schroders.starcompliance.com/Employee
APPENDIX B of the Code of Ethics
–
ETFs Exempt from 60 day holding policy
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·
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Proshares (restricted to Equity-based or Fixed Income-based Proshares
ETFs)
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APPENDIX
C of the Code of Ethics – Designated Brokers
Designated Brokers:
Ameriprise Financial
Charles Schwab
Chase Investment Services
Citi Personal Wealth Management
E*Trade
Edward Jones
Fidelity
Goldman Sachs
Interactive Brokers
JP Morgan Securities / Private Bank
Merrill Lynch
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney
Scottrade Financial
T. Rowe Price
TD Ameritrade
UBS Wealth Management
Vanguard
Wells Fargo
APPENDIX
D of the Code of Ethics – Rule Set
[1] High quality short-term
debt instruments means any instrument having a maturity at issuance of less than 366 days and which is rated in one of the highest
two rating categories by a Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organization, or which is unrated but is of comparable quality
.
[2]
A
security is “being considered for purchase or sale” when a recommendation to purchase or sell a security has been made
or communicated and, with respect to the person making the recommendation, when such person seriously considers making such a recommendation.
[3]
An IPO is an offering of securities registered under the Securities Act, the issuer of which, immediately
before the registration, was not subject to reporting requirements under the federal securities laws.
[4]
A
private placement is an offering of securities that are not registered under the Securities Act because the offering qualified
for an exemption from the registration provisions.