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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
 
Form 10-Q
 
Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2019
 
OR
Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the transition period from               to               
 
Commission File Number 1-7293
 
_________________________________________
 
TENET HEALTHCARE CORPORATION
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
 
_________________________________________

Nevada
95-2557091
(State of Incorporation)
(IRS Employer Identification No.)

1445 Ross Avenue, Suite 1400
Dallas, TX 75202
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
 
(469893-2200
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
_________________________________________
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
 
Trading symbol
 
Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock
$0.05 par value
 
THC
 
New York Stock Exchange
6.875% Senior Notes due 2031
 
THC31
 
New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months, and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes x No ¨
 
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months.   Yes x No ¨
 
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company (each as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2).
Large accelerated filer
x
 
 
Accelerated filer
¨
Non-accelerated filer
¨

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Smaller reporting company
 
 
Emerging growth company
 
 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the Registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
 
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2).   Yes  No x

At July 31, 2019, there were 103,448,475 shares of the Registrant’s common stock outstanding.
 


Table of Contents

TENET HEALTHCARE CORPORATION
TABLE OF CONTENTS

 
Page
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

TENET HEALTHCARE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
Dollars in Millions
(Unaudited)
 
 
June 30,
 
December 31,
 
 
2019
 
2018
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
249

 
$
411

Accounts receivable
 
2,734

 
2,595

Inventories of supplies, at cost
 
309

 
305

Income tax receivable
 
19

 
21

Assets held for sale
 

 
107

Other current assets
 
1,393

 
1,197

Total current assets 
 
4,704

 
4,636

Investments and other assets
 
2,297

 
1,456

Deferred income taxes
 
268

 
312

Property and equipment, at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization
($5,526 at June 30, 2019 and $5,221 at December 31, 2018)
 
6,995

 
6,993

Goodwill
 
7,298

 
7,281

Other intangible assets, at cost, less accumulated amortization
($1,051 at June 30, 2019 and $1,013 at December 31, 2018)
 
1,645

 
1,731

Total assets 
 
$
23,207

 
$
22,409

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
 
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
 
Current portion of long-term debt
 
$
664

 
$
182

Accounts payable
 
1,088

 
1,207

Accrued compensation and benefits
 
720

 
838

Professional and general liability reserves
 
228

 
216

Accrued interest payable
 
233

 
240

Liabilities held for sale
 

 
43

Other current liabilities
 
1,217

 
1,131

Total current liabilities 
 
4,150

 
3,857

Long-term debt, net of current portion
 
14,312

 
14,644

Professional and general liability reserves
 
669

 
666

Defined benefit plan obligations
 
507

 
521

Deferred income taxes
 
36

 
36

Other long-term liabilities
 
1,354

 
578

Total liabilities 
 
21,028

 
20,302

Commitments and contingencies
 


 


Redeemable noncontrolling interests in equity of consolidated subsidiaries
 
1,462

 
1,420

Equity:
 
 
 
 
Shareholders’ equity:
 
 
 
 
Common stock, $0.05 par value; authorized 262,500,000 shares; 151,684,478 shares issued at
June 30, 2019 and 150,897,143 shares issued at December 31, 2018
 
7

 
7

Additional paid-in capital
 
4,755

 
4,747

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
 
(219
)
 
(223
)
Accumulated deficit
 
(2,237
)
 
(2,236
)
Common stock in treasury, at cost, 48,348,348 shares at June 30, 2019
and 48,359,705 shares at December 31, 2018
 
(2,414
)
 
(2,414
)
Total shareholders’ deficit
 
(108
)
 
(119
)
Noncontrolling interests 
 
825

 
806

Total equity 
 
717

 
687

Total liabilities and equity 
 
$
23,207

 
$
22,409


See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


Table of Contents

TENET HEALTHCARE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
Dollars in Millions, Except Per-Share Amounts
(Unaudited) 
 
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Net operating revenues 
 
$
4,560

 
$
4,506

 
$
9,105

 
$
9,205

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates
 
42

 
39

 
76

 
64

Operating expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Salaries, wages and benefits
 
2,148

 
2,135

 
4,301

 
4,362

Supplies
 
753

 
748

 
1,494

 
1,522

Other operating expenses, net
 
1,044

 
1,027

 
2,118

 
2,087

Electronic health record incentives
 

 

 
(1
)
 
(1
)
Depreciation and amortization
 
214

 
194

 
422

 
398

Impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costs
 
36

 
30

 
55

 
77

Litigation and investigation costs
 
18

 
13

 
31

 
19

Net losses (gains) on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities
 
1

 
(8
)
 
2

 
(118
)
Operating income 
 
388

 
406

 
759

 
923

Interest expense
 
(247
)
 
(254
)
 
(498
)
 
(509
)
Other non-operating expense, net
 
(1
)
 
(1
)
 

 
(2
)
Loss from early extinguishment of debt
 

 
(1
)
 
(47
)
 
(2
)
Income from continuing operations, before income taxes 
 
140

 
150

 
214

 
410

Income tax expense
 
(30
)
 
(44
)
 
(47
)
 
(114
)
Income from continuing operations, before discontinued operations 
 
110

 
106

 
167

 
296

Discontinued operations:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income from operations
 
2

 
2

 
12

 
3

Income tax expense
 

 

 
(2
)
 

Income from discontinued operations 
 
2

 
2

 
10

 
3

Net income
 
112

 
108

 
177

 
299

Less: Net income available to noncontrolling interests
 
95

 
82

 
179

 
174

Net income available (loss attributable) to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders 
 
$
17

 
$
26

 
$
(2
)
 
$
125

Amounts available (attributable) to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income (loss) from continuing operations, net of tax
 
$
15

 
$
24

 
$
(12
)
 
$
122

Income from discontinued operations, net of tax
 
2

 
2

 
10

 
3

Net income available (loss attributable) to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders 
 
$
17

 
$
26

 
$
(2
)
 
$
125

Earnings (loss) per share available (attributable) to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Continuing operations
 
$
0.15

 
$
0.23

 
$
(0.12
)
 
$
1.20

Discontinued operations
 
0.02

 
0.02

 
0.10

 
0.03

 
 
$
0.17

 
$
0.25

 
$
(0.02
)
 
$
1.23

Diluted
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Continuing operations
 
$
0.14

 
$
0.23

 
$
(0.12
)
 
$
1.18

Discontinued operations
 
0.02

 
0.02

 
0.10

 
0.03

 
 
$
0.16

 
$
0.25

 
$
(0.02
)
 
$
1.21

Weighted average shares and dilutive securities outstanding (in thousands):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
103,198

 
102,147

 
102,993

 
101,770

Diluted
 
104,629

 
104,177

 
102,993

 
103,416


See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


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Table of Contents

TENET HEALTHCARE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Dollars in Millions
(Unaudited)
 
 
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Net income
 
$
112

 
$
108

 
$
177

 
$
299

Other comprehensive income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortization of net actuarial loss included in other non-operating expense, net
 
3

 
4

 
6

 
8

Foreign currency translation adjustments
 

 
(9
)
 

 
(3
)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before income taxes
 
3

 
(5
)
 
6

 
5

Income tax benefit (expense) related to items of other comprehensive income (loss)
 
(1
)
 
1

 
(2
)
 
(1
)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
 
2

 
(4
)
 
4

 
4

Comprehensive net income
 
114

 
104

 
181

 
303

Less: Comprehensive income available to noncontrolling interests 
 
95

 
82

 
179

 
174

Comprehensive income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders 
 
$
19

 
$
22

 
$
2

 
$
129


See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


3

Table of Contents

TENET HEALTHCARE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Dollars in Millions
(Unaudited)
 
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
Net income
 
$
177

 
$
299

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
 
422

 
398

Deferred income tax expense
 
42

 
108

Stock-based compensation expense
 
23

 
20

Impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costs
 
55

 
77

Litigation and investigation costs
 
31

 
19

Net losses (gains) on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities
 
2

 
(118
)
Loss from early extinguishment of debt
 
47

 
2

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net of distributions received
 
(2
)
 
10

Amortization of debt discount and debt issuance costs
 
21

 
22

Pre-tax income from discontinued operations
 
(12
)
 
(3
)
Other items, net
 
(10
)
 
(1
)
Changes in cash from operating assets and liabilities:
 
 

 
 

Accounts receivable
 
(138
)
 
(13
)
Inventories and other current assets
 
(64
)
 
144

Income taxes
 
(2
)
 
(18
)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities
 
(217
)
 
(371
)
Other long-term liabilities
 
4

 
(48
)
Payments for restructuring charges, acquisition-related costs, and litigation costs and settlements 
 
(80
)
 
(63
)
Net cash used in operating activities from discontinued operations, excluding income taxes
 
(5
)
 
(3
)
Net cash provided by operating activities 
 
294

 
461

Cash flows from investing activities:
 
 

 
 

Purchases of property and equipment — continuing operations
 
(336
)
 
(268
)
Purchases of businesses or joint venture interests, net of cash acquired
 
(13
)
 
(89
)
Proceeds from sales of facilities and other assets — continuing operations
 
40

 
481

Proceeds from sales of facilities and other assets — discontinued operations
 
17

 

Proceeds from sales of marketable securities, long-term investments and other assets
 
9

 
143

Purchases of equity investments
 
(9
)
 
(37
)
Other long-term assets
 
(4
)
 
3

Other items, net
 
(7
)
 
(8
)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
 
(303
)
 
225

Cash flows from financing activities:
 
 

 
 

Repayments of borrowings under credit facility
 
(1,095
)
 
(360
)
Proceeds from borrowings under credit facility
 
1,285

 
360

Repayments of other borrowings
 
(1,668
)
 
(161
)
Proceeds from other borrowings
 
1,516

 
14

Debt issuance costs
 
(18
)
 

Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests
 
(144
)
 
(140
)
Proceeds from sales of noncontrolling interests
 
9

 
7

Purchases of noncontrolling interests
 
(6
)
 
(642
)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and employee stock purchase plan
 
3

 
14

Other items, net
 
(35
)
 
14

Net cash used in financing activities
 
(153
)
 
(894
)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
 
(162
)
 
(208
)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
 
411

 
611

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period 
 
$
249

 
$
403

Supplemental disclosures:
 
 

 
 

Interest paid, net of capitalized interest
 
$
(484
)
 
$
(501
)
Income tax payments, net
 
$
(13
)
 
$
(21
)
 
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


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Table of Contents

TENET HEALTHCARE CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

NOTE 1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION
 
Description of Business and Basis of Presentation
 
Tenet Healthcare Corporation (together with our subsidiaries, referred to herein as “Tenet,” “we” or “us”) is a national, diversified healthcare services company. We operate regionally focused, integrated healthcare delivery networks, primarily in large urban and suburban markets. Through our subsidiaries, partnerships and joint ventures, including USPI Holding Company, Inc. (“USPI”), at June 30, 2019, we operated 65 hospitals, 23 surgical hospitals and approximately 480 outpatient centers throughout the United States. In addition, our Conifer Holdings, Inc. (“Conifer”) subsidiary provides healthcare business process services in the areas of hospital and physician revenue cycle management and value-based care solutions to healthcare systems, as well as individual hospitals, physician practices, self-insured organizations, health plans and other entities.
 
This quarterly report supplements our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 (“Annual Report”). As permitted by the Securities and Exchange Commission for interim reporting, we have omitted certain notes and disclosures that substantially duplicate those in our Annual Report. For further information, refer to the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and notes included in our Annual Report. Unless otherwise indicated, all financial and statistical data included in these notes to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements relate to our continuing operations, with dollar amounts expressed in millions (except per-share amounts).
 
Effective January 1, 2019, we adopted the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)” (“ASU 2016-02”) using the modified retrospective transition approach as of the period of adoption. Our financial statements for periods prior to January 1, 2019 were not modified for the application of the new lease accounting standard. The main difference between the guidance in ASU 2016-02 and previous accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) is the recognition of lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet by lessees for those leases classified as operating leases under previous GAAP. Upon adoption of ASU 2016-02, we recorded $822 million of right-of-use assets, net of deferred rent, associated with operating leases in investments and other assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheet, $147 million of current liabilities associated with operating leases in other current liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheet and $715 million of long-term liabilities associated with operating leases in other long-term liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheet. We also recognized $1 million of cumulative effect adjustment that decreased accumulated deficit at January 1, 2019.

Although the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes within this document are unaudited, we believe all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included and are of a normal recurring nature. In preparing our financial statements in conformity with GAAP, we are required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and these accompanying notes. We regularly evaluate the accounting policies and estimates we use. In general, we base the estimates on historical experience and on assumptions that we believe to be reasonable given the particular circumstances in which we operate. Actual results may vary from those estimates. Financial and statistical information we report to other regulatory agencies may be prepared on a basis other than GAAP or using different assumptions or reporting periods and, therefore, may vary from amounts presented herein. Although we make every effort to ensure that the information we report to those agencies is accurate, complete and consistent with applicable reporting guidelines, we cannot be responsible for the accuracy of the information they make available to the public.
 
Operating results for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. Reasons for this include, but are not limited to: overall revenue and cost trends, particularly the timing and magnitude of price changes; fluctuations in contractual allowances and cost report settlements and valuation allowances; managed care contract negotiations, settlements or terminations and payer consolidations; trends in patient accounts receivable collectability and associated implicit price concessions; fluctuations in interest rates; levels of malpractice insurance expense and settlement trends; impairment of long-lived assets and goodwill; restructuring charges; losses, costs and insurance recoveries related to natural disasters and other weather-related occurrences; litigation and investigation costs; acquisitions and dispositions of facilities and other assets; gains (losses) on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities; income tax rates and deferred tax asset valuation allowance activity; changes in estimates of accruals for annual incentive compensation; the timing and amounts of stock option and restricted stock unit grants to employees and directors; gains (losses) from early extinguishment of debt; and changes in occupancy levels and patient volumes. Factors that affect service mix, revenue mix, patient volumes and, thereby, the results of operations at our hospitals and related healthcare facilities include, but are not limited to: changes in federal and state healthcare regulations; the business

5


environment, economic conditions and demographics of local communities in which we operate; the number of uninsured and underinsured individuals in local communities treated at our hospitals; seasonal cycles of illness; climate and weather conditions; physician recruitment, satisfaction, retention and attrition; advances in technology and treatments that reduce length of stay; local healthcare competitors; managed care contract negotiations or terminations; the number of patients with high-deductible health insurance plans; hospital performance data on quality measures and patient satisfaction, as well as standard charges for services; any unfavorable publicity about us, or our joint venture partners, that impacts our relationships with physicians and patients; and the timing of elective procedures. These considerations apply to year-to-year comparisons as well.
 
Net Operating Revenues

We recognize net operating revenues in the period in which we satisfy our performance obligations under contracts by transferring our services to our customers. Net operating revenues are recognized in the amounts to which we expect to be entitled, which are the transaction prices allocated to the distinct services. Net operating revenues for our Hospital Operations and other and Ambulatory Care segments primarily consist of net patient service revenues, principally for patients covered by Medicare, Medicaid, managed care and other health plans, as well as certain uninsured patients under our Compact with Uninsured Patients (“Compact”) and other uninsured discount and charity programs. Net operating revenues for our Conifer segment primarily consist of revenues from providing revenue cycle management services to healthcare systems, as well as individual hospitals, physician practices, self-insured organizations, health plans and other entities.

Net Patient Service Revenues—We report net patient service revenues at the amounts that reflect the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for providing patient care. These amounts are due from patients, third-party payers (including managed care payers and government programs) and others, and they include variable consideration for retroactive revenue adjustments due to settlement of audits, reviews and investigations. Generally, we bill our patients and third-party payers several days after the services are performed or shortly after discharge. Revenues are recognized as performance obligations are satisfied.

Conifer Revenues—Our Conifer segment recognizes revenue from its contracts when Conifer’s performance obligations are satisfied, which is generally as services are rendered. Revenue is recognized in an amount that reflects the consideration to which Conifer expects to be entitled.

Cash and Cash Equivalents
 
We treat highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less as cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents were $249 million and $411 million at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. At June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, our book overdrafts were $251 million and $288 million, respectively, which were classified as accounts payable.
 
At June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, $156 million and $177 million, respectively, of total cash and cash equivalents in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets were intended for the operations of our captive insurance subsidiaries, and $2 million and $8 million, respectively, of total cash and cash equivalents in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets were intended for the operations of our health plan-related businesses.
 
Also at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, we had $80 million and $135 million, respectively, of property and equipment purchases accrued for items received but not yet paid. Of these amounts, $53 million and $114 million, respectively, were included in accounts payable.

During the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, we entered into non-cancellable capital (finance) leases of $58 million and $50 million, respectively.
 

6


Other Intangible Assets
 
The following tables provide information regarding other intangible assets, which are included in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018: 
 
 
Gross
Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net Book
Value
At June 30, 2019:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Capitalized software costs
 
$
1,615

 
$
(881
)
 
$
734

Trade names
 
102

 

 
102

Contracts
 
874

 
(86
)
 
788

Other
 
105

 
(84
)
 
21

Total 
 
$
2,696

 
$
(1,051
)
 
$
1,645

 
 
Gross
Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
 Net Book
Value
At December 31, 2018:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Capitalized software costs
 
$
1,667

 
$
(858
)
 
$
809

Trade names
 
102

 

 
102

Contracts
 
871

 
(76
)
 
795

Other
 
104

 
(79
)
 
25

Total 
 
$
2,744

 
$
(1,013
)
 
$
1,731


 
Estimated future amortization of intangibles with finite useful lives at June 30, 2019 is as follows: 
 
 
 
 
Six Months
Ending
 
Years Ending
 
Later Years
 
 
 
 
December 31,
 
 
 
Total
 
2019
 
2020
 
2021
 
2022
 
2023
 
Amortization of intangible assets
 
$
964

 
$
76

 
$
130

 
$
115

 
$
99

 
$
89

 
$
455


 
We recognized amortization expense of $90 million and $89 million in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates

We control 232 of the facilities within our Ambulatory Care segment and, therefore, consolidate their results. We account for many of the facilities our Ambulatory Care segment operates (112 of 344 at June 30, 2019), as well as additional companies in which our Hospital Operations and other segment holds ownership interests, under the equity method as investments in unconsolidated affiliates and report only our share of net income as equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Summarized financial information for these equity method investees is included in the following table; among the equity method investees are four North Texas hospitals in which we held minority interests that were operated by our Hospital Operations and other segment through the divestiture of these investments effective March 1, 2018. For investments acquired during the reporting periods, amounts reflect 100% of the investee’s results beginning on the date of our acquisition of the investment.
 
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Net operating revenues
 
$
619

 
$
547

 
$
1,187

 
$
1,121

Net income
 
$
141

 
$
132

 
$
291

 
$
248

Net income available to the investees
 
$
87

 
$
89

 
$
193

 
$
160




7


NOTE 2. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
 
The principal components of accounts receivable are shown in the table below: 
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Continuing operations:
 
 

 
 

Patient accounts receivable
 
$
2,525

 
$
2,427

Estimated future recoveries
 
158

 
148

Net cost reports and settlements receivable and valuation allowances
 
49

 
18

 
 
2,732

 
2,593

Discontinued operations
 
2

 
2

Accounts receivable, net
 
$
2,734

 
$
2,595


 
Accounts that are pursued for collection through Conifer’s business offices are maintained on our hospitals’ books and reflected in patient accounts receivable. Patient accounts receivable, including billed accounts and certain unbilled accounts, as well as estimated amounts due from third-party payers for retroactive adjustments, are receivables if our right to consideration is unconditional and only the passage of time is required before payment of that consideration is due. Estimated uncollectable amounts are generally considered implicit price concessions that are a direct reduction to patient accounts receivable rather than allowance for doubtful accounts.

We had $297 million and $149 million of receivables recorded in other current assets and investments and other assets, respectively, and $91 million and $29 million of payables recorded in other current liabilities and other long-term liabilities, respectively, in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at June 30, 2019 related to California’s provider fee program. We had $278 million and $231 million of receivables recorded in other current assets and investments and other assets, respectively, and $100 million and $42 million of payables recorded in other current liabilities and other long-term liabilities, respectively, in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2018 related to California’s provider fee program.
 
We also provide financial assistance through our charity and uninsured discount programs to uninsured patients who are unable to pay for the healthcare services they receive. Our policy is not to pursue collection of amounts determined to qualify for financial assistance; therefore, we do not report these amounts in net operating revenues. Most states include an estimate of the cost of charity care in the determination of a hospital’s eligibility for Medicaid disproportionate share hospital (“DSH”) payments. These payments are intended to mitigate our cost of uncompensated care. Some states have also developed provider fee or other supplemental payment programs to mitigate the shortfall of Medicaid reimbursement compared to the cost of caring for Medicaid patients.

The following table shows our estimated costs (based on selected operating expenses, which include salaries, wages and benefits, supplies and other operating expenses and which exclude the costs of our health plan businesses) of caring for our uninsured and charity patients in the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:
 
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Estimated costs for:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Uninsured patients
 
$
164

 
$
159

 
$
322

 
$
305

Charity care patients
 
41

 
28

 
75

 
63

Total
 
$
205

 
$
187

 
$
397

 
$
368

 
 
NOTE 3. CONTRACT BALANCES

Hospital Operations and Other Segment
    
Amounts related to services provided to patients for which we have not billed and that do not meet the conditions of unconditional right to payment at the end of the reporting period are contract assets. For our Hospital Operations and other segment, our contract assets consist primarily of services that we have provided to patients who are still receiving inpatient care in our facilities at the end of the reporting period. Our Hospital Operations and other segment’s contract assets are included in other current assets in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at June 30, 2019. The opening and closing balances of contract assets for our Hospital Operations and other segment are as follows:

8


December 31, 2018
 
$
169

June 30, 2019
 
160

Increase/(decrease)
 
$
(9
)
January 1, 2018
 
$
171

June 30, 2018
 
136

Increase/(decrease)
 
$
(35
)


Approximately 89% of our Hospital Operations and other segment’s contract assets meet the conditions for unconditional right to payment and are reclassified to patient receivables within 90 days.

Conifer Segment

Conifer enters into contracts with customers to sell revenue cycle management and other services, such as value-based care, consulting and project services. The payment terms and conditions in our customer contracts vary. In some cases, customers are invoiced in advance and (for other than fixed-price fee arrangements) a true-up to the actual fee is included on a subsequent invoice. In other cases, payment is due in arrears. In addition, some contracts contain performance incentives, penalties and other forms of variable consideration. When the timing of Conifer’s delivery of services is different from the timing of payments made by the customers, Conifer recognizes either unbilled revenue (performance precedes contractual right to invoice the customer) or deferred revenue (customer payment precedes Conifer service performance). In the following table, customers that prepay prior to obtaining control/benefit of the service are represented by deferred contract revenue until the performance obligations are satisfied. Unbilled revenue represents arrangements in which Conifer has provided services to and the customer has obtained control/benefit of services prior to the contractual invoice date. Contracts with payment in arrears are recognized as receivables in the month the service is performed.
    
The opening and closing balances of Conifer’s receivables, contract asset, and current and long-term contract liabilities are as follows:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contract Liability-
 
Contract Liability-
 
 
 
 
Contract Asset-
 
Current
 
Long-Term
 
 
Receivables
 
Unbilled Revenue
 
Deferred Revenue
 
Deferred Revenue
December 31, 2018
 
$
42

 
$
11

 
$
61

 
$
20

June 30, 2019
 
96

 
15

 
67

 
19

Increase/(decrease)
 
$
54

 
$
4

 
$
6

 
$
(1
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
January 1, 2018
 
$
89

 
$
10

 
$
80

 
$
21

June 30, 2018
 
90

 
11

 
78

 
21

Increase/(decrease)
 
$
1

 
$
1

 
$
(2
)
 
$


The difference between the opening and closing balances of Conifer’s contract assets and contract liabilities are primarily related to prepayments for those customers who are billed in advance, changes in estimates related to metric-based services, and up-front integration services that are typically not distinct and are, therefore, recognized over the performance obligation period to which they relate. Our Conifer segment’s receivables and contract assets are reported as part of other current assets in our accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, and our Conifer segment’s current and long-term contract liabilities are reported as part of other current liabilities and other long-term liabilities, respectively, in our accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The amount of revenue Conifer recognized in the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 that was included in the opening current deferred revenue liability was $56 million and $66 million, respectively. This revenue consists primarily of prepayments for those customers who are billed in advance, changes in estimates related to metric-based services, and up-front integration services that are recognized over the services period.


9


Contract Costs

We have elected to apply the practical expedient provided by FASB Accounting Standards Codification 340-40-25-4 and expense as incurred the incremental customer contract acquisition costs for contracts in which the amortization period of the asset that we otherwise would have recognized is one year or less. However, incremental costs incurred to obtain and fulfill customer contracts for which the amortization period of the asset that we otherwise would have recognized is longer than one year, which consist primarily of Conifer deferred contract setup costs, are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over the lesser of their estimated useful lives or the term of the related contract. During the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, we recognized amortization expense of $1 million and $3 million, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, we recognized amortization expense of $2 million and $6 million, respectively. At June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the unamortized customer contract costs were $27 million and $28 million, respectively, and are presented as part of investments and other assets in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

NOTE 4. ASSETS AND LIABILITIES HELD FOR SALE 
    
There were no assets or liabilities classified as held for sale at June 30, 2019. In the three months ended December 31, 2017, three of our hospitals in the Chicago-area, as well as other operations affiliated with the hospitals, met the criteria to be classified as held for sale. As a result, we have classified these assets totaling $107 million as “assets held for sale” in current assets and the related liabilities of $43 million as “liabilities held for sale” in current liabilities in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2018. These assets and liabilities, which were in our Hospital Operations and other segment until their divestiture on January 28, 2019, were recorded at the lower of their carrying amount or their fair value less estimated costs to sell. We recorded impairment charges of $17 million in the three months ended March 31, 2018 for the write-down of the assets held for sale to their estimated fair value, less estimated costs to sell, as a result of the planned divestiture of these assets.

The following table provides information on significant components of our business that have been disposed of since January 1, 2018:
 
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Significant disposals:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income (loss) from continuing operations, before income taxes 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Chicago-area (includes a $6 million loss on sale in the 2019 year-to-date period and $17 million of impairment charges in the 2018 year-to-date period)
 
$
1

 
$
1

 
$
(11
)
 
$
(15
)
   Philadelphia (includes a $2 million loss on sale in the 2018 year-to-date period)
 

 
(2
)
 
1

 
(11
)
   MacNeal (includes a $95 million gain on sale in the 2018 year-to-date period)
 
1

 
(4
)
 
2

 
97

   Aspen (includes a $4 million of impairment charges in the 2018 year-to-date period)
 

 
(3
)
 

 

      Total
 
$
2

 
$
(8
)
 
$
(8
)
 
$
71



NOTE 5. IMPAIRMENT AND RESTRUCTURING CHARGES, AND ACQUISITION-RELATED COSTS
 
During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we recorded impairment and restructuring charges and acquisition-related costs of $55 million, consisting of $5 million of impairment charges, $47 million of restructuring charges and $3 million of acquisition-related costs. Restructuring charges consisted of $18 million of employee severance costs, $2 million of contract and lease termination fees, and $27 million of other restructuring costs. Acquisition-related costs consisted of $3 million of transaction costs. Our impairment charges for the six months ended June 30, 2019 were comprised of $4 million from our Hospital Operations and other segment and $1 million from our Ambulatory Care segment.

During the six months ended June 30, 2018, we recorded impairment and restructuring charges and acquisition-related costs of $77 million, consisting of $23 million of impairment charges, $47 million of restructuring charges and $7 million of acquisition-related costs. Impairment charges consisted primarily of $17 million of charges to write-down assets held for sale to their estimated fair value, less estimated costs to sell, for certain Chicago-area facilities, $4 million of charges to write-down assets held for sale to their estimated fair value, less estimated costs to sell, for Aspen and $2 million of other impairment charges. Restructuring charges consisted of $26 million of employee severance costs, $5 million of contract and lease termination fees, and $16 million of other restructuring costs. Acquisition-related costs consisted of $5 million of transaction

10


costs and $2 million of acquisition integration charges. Our impairment charges for the six months ended June 30, 2018 were comprised of $19 million from our Hospital Operations and other segment and $4 million from our Ambulatory Care segment.
 
Our impairment tests presume stable, improving or, in some cases, declining operating results in our facilities, which are based on programs and initiatives being implemented that are designed to achieve each facility’s most recent projections. If these projections are not met, or if in the future negative trends occur that impact our future outlook, impairments of long-lived assets and goodwill may occur, and we may incur additional restructuring charges, which could be material.
 
At June 30, 2019, our continuing operations consisted of three reportable segments, Hospital Operations and other, Ambulatory Care and Conifer. Our segments are reporting units used to perform our goodwill impairment analysis.
 
We periodically incur costs to implement restructuring efforts for specific operations, which are recorded in our consolidated statement of operations as they are incurred. Our restructuring plans focus on various aspects of operations, including aligning our operations in the most strategic and cost-effective structure. Certain restructuring and acquisition-related costs are based on estimates. Changes in estimates are recognized as they occur. 

NOTE 6. LEASES

The following table presents the components of our right-of-use assets and liabilities related to leases and their classification in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at June 30, 2019:
Component of Lease Balances
 
Classification in Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet
 
June 30, 2019
Assets:
 
 
 
 
Operating lease assets
 
Investments and other assets
 
$
874

Finance lease assets
 
Property and equipment, at cost, less
accumulated depreciation and amortization
 
439

Total leased assets
 
 
 
$
1,313

 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
Operating lease liabilities:
 
 
 
 
Current
 
Other current liabilities
 
$
149

Long-term
 
Other long-term liabilities
 
819

Total operating lease liabilities
 
 
 
968

Finance lease liabilities:
 
 
 
 
Current
 
Current portion of long-term debt
 
141

Long-term
 
Long-term debt, net of current portion
 
214

Total finance lease liabilities
 
 
 
355

Total lease liabilities
 
 
 
$
1,323



We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception of the contract. Our right-of-use assets represent our right to use the underlying assets for the lease term and our lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the leases. Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. We use our estimated incremental borrowing rate, which is derived from information available at the lease commencement date, in determining the present value of lease payments. For our Hospital Operations and other and Conifer segments, we estimate our incremental borrowing rates for our portfolio of leases using documented rates included in our recent equipment finance leases or, if applicable, recent secured debt issuances that correspond to various lease terms. We also give consideration to information obtained from our bankers, our secured debt fair value and publicly available data for instruments with similar characteristics. For our Ambulatory Care segment, we estimate an incremental borrowing rate for each center by utilizing historical and projected financial data, estimating a hypothetical credit rating using publicly available market data and adjusting the market data to reflect the effects of collateralization.

Our operating leases are primarily for real estate, including off-campus outpatient facilities, medical office buildings, and corporate and other administrative offices, as well as medical and office equipment. Our finance leases are primarily for medical equipment and information technology and telecommunications assets. Our real estate lease agreements typically have initial terms of five to 10 years, and our equipment lease agreements typically have initial terms of three years. We do not record leases with an initial term of 12 months or less (“short-term leases”) in our consolidated balance sheets.

Our real estate leases may include one or more options to renew, with renewals that can extend the lease term from five to 10 years. The exercise of lease renewal options is at our sole discretion. In general, we do not consider renewal options

11


to be reasonably likely to be exercised, therefore, renewal options are generally not recognized as part of our right-of-use assets and lease liabilities. Certain leases also include options to purchase the leased property. The useful life of assets and leasehold improvements are limited by the expected lease term, unless there is a transfer of title or purchase option reasonably certain of exercise. The majority of our medical equipment leases have terms of three years with a bargain purchase option that is reasonably certain of exercise, so these assets are depreciated over their useful life, typically ranging from five to seven years. Similarly, some of our leases of information technology and telecommunications assets include a transfer of title and, therefore, have useful lives of 15 years.

Certain of our lease agreements for real estate include payments based on actual common area maintenance expenses and others include rental payments adjusted periodically for inflation. These variable lease payments are recognized in other operating expenses, net, but are not included in the right-of-use asset or liability balances. Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees, restrictions or covenants.

We have elected the practical expedient that allows lessees to choose to not separate lease and non-lease components by class of underlying asset and are applying this expedient to all relevant asset classes. We have also elected the practical expedient package to not reassess at adoption (i) expired or existing contracts for whether they are or contain a lease, (ii) the lease classification of any existing leases or (iii) initial indirect costs for existing leases.

The following table presents the components of our lease expense and their classification in our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019:
 
 
Classification on Condensed Consolidated
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
Component of Lease Expense
 
Statements of Operations
 
June 30, 2019
 
June 30, 2019
Operating lease expense
 
Other operating expenses, net
 
$
52

 
$
102

Finance lease expense:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortization of leased assets
 
Depreciation and amortization
 
23

 
41

Interest on lease liabilities
 
Interest expense
 
3

 
8

Total finance lease expense
 
 
 
26

 
49

Variable and short term-lease expense
 
Other operating expenses, net
 
33

 
67

Total lease expense
 
 
 
$
111

 
$
218


The weighted-average lease terms and discount rates for operating and finance leases are presented in the following table:
 
 
June 30, 2019
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)
 
 
Operating leases
 
7.7

Finance leases
 
6.0

 
 
 
Weighted-average discount rate
 
 
Operating leases
 
5.5
%
Finance leases
 
5.6
%

Cash flow and other information related to leases is included in the following table:
 
 
Six Months Ended
 
 
June 30, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
 
 
Operating cash outflows from operating leases
 
$
95

Operating cash outflows from finance leases
 
$
9

Financing cash outflows from finance leases
 
$
75

 
 
 
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
 
 
Operating leases
 
$
139

Finance leases
 
$
58




12


Future maturities of lease liabilities at June 30, 2019 are presented in the following table:
 
 
Operating Leases
 
Finance Leases
 
Total
2019
 
$
149

 
$
141

 
$
290

2020
 
176

 
128

 
304

2021
 
163

 
72

 
235

2022
 
145

 
19

 
164

2023
 
124

 
13

 
137

Later years
 
492

 
124

 
616

Total lease payments
 
1,249

 
497

 
1,746

Less: Imputed interest
 
281

 
142

 
423

Total lease obligations
 
968

 
355

 
1,323

Less: Current obligations
 
149

 
141

 
290

Long-term lease obligations
 
$
819

 
$
214

 
$
1,033



Future maturities of lease liabilities at December 31, 2018, prior to our adoption of ASU 2016-02, are presented in the following table:
 
 
 
Years Ending December 31,
 
Later Years
 
Total
 
2019
 
2020
 
2021
 
2022
 
2023
 
Capital lease obligations
$
425

 
$
140

 
$
95

 
$
57

 
$
37

 
$
21

 
$
75

Long-term non-cancelable operating leases
$
932

 
$
171

 
$
151

 
$
133

 
$
113

 
$
92

 
$
272



NOTE 7. LONG-TERM DEBT

The table below shows our long-term debt at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Senior unsecured notes:
 
 

 
 

5.500% due 2019
 
$

 
$
468

6.750% due 2020
 

 
300

8.125% due 2022
 
2,800

 
2,800

6.750% due 2023
 
1,872

 
1,872

7.000% due 2025
 
478

 
478

6.875% due 2031
 
362

 
362

Senior secured first lien notes:
 
 

 
 

4.750% due 2020
 
500

 
500

6.000% due 2020
 
1,800

 
1,800

4.500% due 2021
 
850

 
850

4.375% due 2021
 
1,050

 
1,050

4.625% due 2024
 
1,870

 
1,870

Senior secured second lien notes:
 
 
 
 
7.500% due 2022
 

 
750

5.125% due 2025
 
1,410

 
1,410

6.250% due 2027
 
1,500

 

Credit facility due 2020
 
190

 

Finance leases and mortgage notes
 
467

 
500

Unamortized issue costs and note discounts
 
(173
)
 
(184
)
Total long-term debt 
 
14,976

 
14,826

Less current portion
 
664

 
182

Long-term debt, net of current portion 
 
$
14,312

 
$
14,644


 
Senior Secured and Senior Unsecured Notes

On February 5, 2019, we sold $1.5 billion aggregate principal amount of 6.250% senior secured second lien notes, which will mature on February 1, 2027 (the “2027 Senior Secured Second Lien Notes”). We will pay interest on the 2027 Senior Secured Second Lien Notes semi-annually in arrears on February 1 and August 1 of each year, which payments commenced on August 1, 2019. The proceeds from the sale of the 2027 Senior Secured Second Lien Notes were used, after payment of fees and expenses, together with cash on hand and borrowings under our senior secured revolving credit facility, to fund the redemption of all $300 million aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 6.750% senior notes due 2020 and all

13


$750 million aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 7.500% senior secured second lien notes due 2022, as well as the repayment upon maturity of all $468 million aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 5.500% senior unsecured notes due March 1, 2019. In connection with the redemptions, we recorded a loss from early extinguishment of debt of approximately $47 million in the three months ended March 31, 2019, primarily related to the difference between the redemption prices and the par values of the notes, as well as the write-off of the associated unamortized issuance costs.

Credit Agreement
 
We have a senior secured revolving credit facility (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”) that provides, subject to borrowing availability, for revolving loans in an aggregate principal amount of up to $1 billion, with a $300 million subfacility for standby letters of credit. Obligations under the Credit Agreement, which has a scheduled maturity date of December 4, 2020, are guaranteed by substantially all of our domestic wholly owned hospital subsidiaries and are secured by a first-priority lien on the accounts receivable owned by us and the subsidiary guarantors. Outstanding revolving loans accrue interest at a base rate plus a margin ranging from 0.25% to 0.75% per annum or the London Interbank Offered Rate plus a margin ranging from 1.25% to 1.75% per annum, in each case based on available credit. An unused commitment fee payable on the undrawn portion of the revolving loans ranges from 0.25% to 0.375% per annum based on available credit. Our borrowing availability is based on a specified percentage of eligible accounts receivable, including self-pay accounts. At June 30, 2019, we had $190 million of cash borrowings outstanding under the Credit Agreement subject to a weighted average interest rate of 3.77%, and we had $2 million of standby letters of credit outstanding. Based on our eligible receivables, $808 million was available for borrowing under the Credit Agreement at June 30, 2019.
 
Letter of Credit Facility
 
We have a letter of credit facility (as amended, the “LC Facility”) that provides for the issuance of standby and documentary letters of credit, from time to time, in an aggregate principal amount of up to $180 million (subject to increase to up to $200 million). The maturity date of the LC Facility is March 7, 2021. Obligations under the LC Facility are guaranteed and secured by a first-priority pledge of the capital stock and other ownership interests of certain of our wholly owned domestic hospital subsidiaries on an equal ranking basis with our senior secured first lien notes.

Drawings under any letter of credit issued under the LC Facility that we have not reimbursed within three business days after notice thereof accrue interest at a base rate plus a margin equal to 0.50% per annum. An unused commitment fee is payable at an initial rate of 0.25% per annum with a step up to 0.375% per annum should our secured-debt-to-EBITDA ratio equal or exceed 3.00 to 1.00 at the end of any fiscal quarter. A fee on the aggregate outstanding amount of issued but undrawn letters of credit accrues at a rate of 1.50% per annum. An issuance fee equal to 0.125% per annum of the aggregate face amount of each outstanding letter of credit is payable to the account of the issuer of the related letter of credit. At June 30, 2019, we had $100 million of standby letters of credit outstanding under the LC Facility.
 
NOTE 8. GUARANTEES
 
At June 30, 2019, the maximum potential amount of future payments under our income guarantees to certain physicians who agree to relocate and revenue collection guarantees to hospital-based physician groups providing certain services at our hospitals was $138 million. We had a total liability of $112 million recorded for these guarantees included in other current liabilities at June 30, 2019.
 
At June 30, 2019, we also had issued guarantees of the indebtedness and other obligations of our investees to third parties, the maximum potential amount of future payments under which was approximately $24 million. Of the total, $8 million relates to the obligations of consolidated subsidiaries, which obligations are recorded in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at June 30, 2019.
 
NOTE 9. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

Share-Based Compensation Plans
 
In recent years, we have granted options and restricted stock units to certain of our employees and directors pursuant to our stock incentive plans. Options have an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the shares on the date of grant and generally expire 10 years from the date of grant. A restricted stock unit is a contractual right to receive one share of our common stock in the future. Typically, options and time-based restricted stock units vest one-third on each of the first three anniversary dates of the grant; however, certain special retention awards may have different vesting terms. In addition, we grant performance-based options and performance-based restricted stock units that vest subject to the achievement of specified

14


performance goals within a specified time frame. At June 30, 2019, assuming outstanding performance-based restricted stock units and options for which performance has not yet been determined will achieve target performance, approximately 8.0 million shares of common stock were available under our 2019 Stock Incentive Plan for future stock option grants and other equity incentive awards, including restricted stock units (approximately 7.7 million shares remain available if we assume maximum performance for outstanding performance-based restricted stock units and options for which performance has not yet been determined).
 
The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 include $23 million and $20 million, respectively, of pre-tax compensation costs related to our stock-based compensation arrangements.
 
Stock Options
 
The following table summarizes stock option activity during the six months ended June 30, 2019:
 
 
Options
 
Weighted Average
Exercise Price
Per Share
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
 
Weighted Average
Remaining Life
 
 
 
 
 
 
(In Millions)
 
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2018
 
2,262,743

 
$
19.12

 
 
 
 
Granted
 
230,713

 
28.28

 
 
 
 
Exercised
 
(76,159
)
 
4.56

 
 
 
 
Forfeited/Expired
 
(120,871
)
 
19.25

 
 
 
 
Outstanding at June 30, 2019
 
2,296,426

 
$
20.52

 
$
3

 
6.4 years
Vested and expected to vest at June 30, 2019
 
2,296,426

 
$
20.52

 
$
3

 
6.4 years
Exercisable at June 30, 2019
 
684,628

 
$
19.03

 
$
2

 
3.1 years


There were 76,159 and 581,120 stock options exercised during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, with aggregate intrinsic values of approximately $1 million and $3 million, respectively.

At June 30, 2019, there were $6 million of total unrecognized compensation costs related to stock options. These costs are expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.9 years.

On March 29, 2019, we granted an aggregate of 7,862 performance-based stock options to a new senior officer. The options will all vest on the third anniversary of the grant date, subject to the achievement of a closing stock price of at least $36.05 (a 25% premium above the March 29, 2019 grant-date closing stock price of $28.84) for at least 20 consecutive trading days within three years of the grant date, and will expire on the tenth anniversary of the grant date. On February 27, 2019, we granted to certain of our senior officers an aggregate of 222,851 performance-based stock options. The options will all vest on the third anniversary of the grant date, subject to the achievement of a closing stock price of at least $35.33 (a 25% premium above the February 27, 2019 grant-date closing stock price of $28.26) for at least 20 consecutive trading days within three years of the grant date, and will expire on the tenth anniversary of the grant date.

In the three months ended June 30, 2018, we granted new senior officers 31,184 performance-based stock options. The options will all vest on the third anniversary of the grant date, subject to achieving a closing stock price of at least $44.29 (a 25% premium above the May 31, 2018 grant-date closing stock price of $35.43) for at least 20 consecutive trading days within three years of the grant date, and will expire on the tenth anniversary of the grant date. In the three months ended March 31, 2018, we granted to certain of our senior officers an aggregate of 604,012 performance-based stock options. The stock options will all vest on the third anniversary of the grant date because, in the three months ended June 30, 2018, the requirement that our stock close at a price of at least $25.75 (a 25% premium above the February 28, 2018 grant-date closing stock price of $20.60) for at least 20 consecutive trading days within three years of the grant date was met; these options will expire on the tenth anniversary of the grant date.
 
The weighted average estimated fair value of stock options we granted in the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 was $12.50 and $9.16 per share, respectively. These fair values were calculated based on each grant date, using a Monte Carlo simulation with the following assumptions:

15


 
 
February 27, 2019
 
February 28, 2018
Expected volatility
 
48%
 
46%
Expected dividend yield
 
0%
 
0%
Expected life
 
6.2 years
 
6.2 years
Expected forfeiture rate
 
0%
 
0%
Risk-free interest rate
 
2.53%
 
2.72%

 
The expected volatility used for the 2019 and 2018 Monte Carlo simulations incorporates historical volatility based on an analysis of historical prices of our stock. The expected volatility reflects the historical volatility for a duration consistent with the expected life of the options; it does not consider the implied volatility from open-market exchanged options due to the limited trading activity and the transient nature of factors impacting our stock price volatility. The historical share-price volatility for 2019 and 2018 excludes the movements in our stock price for the period from August 15, 2017 through November 30, 2017 due to impact that the announcement of the departure of certain board members and officers, as well as reports that we were exploring a potential sale of the company, had on our stock price during that time. The risk-free interest rates are based on zero-coupon United States Treasury yields in effect at the date of grant consistent with the expected exercise time frames.
 
The following table summarizes information about our outstanding stock options at June 30, 2019:
 
 
Options Outstanding
 
Options Exercisable
Range of Exercise Prices 
 
Number of
Options
 
Weighted Average
Remaining
Contractual Life
 
Weighted Average
Exercise Price
 
Number of
Options
 
Weighted Average
Exercise Price
$16.43 to $19.759
 
1,246,675

 
5.7 years
 
18.15

 
413,960

 
16.46

$19.76 to $35.430
 
1,049,751

 
7.1 years
 
23.33

 
270,668

 
22.94

 
 
2,296,426

 
6.4 years
 
$
20.52

 
684,628

 
$
19.03



Restricted Stock Units
 
The following table summarizes restricted stock unit activity during the six months ended June 30, 2019
 
 
Restricted Stock Units
 
Weighted Average Grant
Date Fair Value Per Unit
Unvested at December 31, 2018
 
1,884,130

 
$
32.25

Granted
 
1,235,876

 
26.20

Vested
 
(817,820
)
 
27.55

Forfeited
 
(298,680
)
 
25.02

Unvested at June 30, 2019
 
2,003,506

 
$
31.52


 
In the six months ended June 30, 2019, we granted an aggregate of 1,235,876 restricted stock units. Of these, 243,506 will vest and be settled ratably over a three-year period from the grant date, 566,172 will vest and be settled ratably over a 27 month period from the grant date, and 318,327 will vest and be settled on the third anniversary of the grant date. In addition, in May 2019, we made an annual grant of 100,444 restricted stock units to our non-employee directors for the 2019-2020 board service year, which units vested immediately and will settle in shares of our common stock on the third anniversary of the date of the grant. We also granted 7,427 additional restricted stock units that vested and settled immediately as a result of our level of achievement with respect to a performance goal on a 2013 grant.

In the six months ended June 30, 2018, we granted an aggregate of 730,577 restricted stock units. Of these, 288,325 will vest and be settled ratably over a three-year period from the grant date, 339,806 will vest and be settled ratably over a two-year period from the grant date, and 26,356 will vest and be settled on the third anniversary of the grant date. In addition, in May 2018, we made an annual grant of 54,198 restricted stock units to our non-employee directors for the 2018-2019 board service year, which units vested immediately and will settle in shares of our common stock on the third anniversary of the date of the grant. Because the board of directors appointed two new members in May 2018, we made initial grants totaling 3,670 restricted stock units to these directors, as well as prorated annual grants totaling 12,154 restricted stock units. Both the initial grants and the annual grants vested immediately, however, the initial grants will not settle until the directors’ separation from the Board, while the annual grants settle on the third anniversary of the grant date. In addition, we granted 6,068 performance-based restricted stock units to certain of our senior officers; the vesting of these restricted stock units is contingent on our achievement of specified performance goals for the years 2018 to 2020. Provided the goals are achieved, the performance-based restricted stock units will vest and settle on the third anniversary of the grant date. The actual number of performance-based

16


restricted stock units that could vest will range from 0% to 200% of the 6,068 units granted, depending on our level of achievement with respect to the performance goals.
 
At June 30, 2019, there were $34 million of total unrecognized compensation costs related to restricted stock units. These costs are expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.9 years.
 
Employee Retirement Plans
 
In the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, we recognized (i) service cost related to one of our frozen nonqualified defined benefit pension plans of less than $1 million and approximately $1 million, respectively, in salaries, wages and benefits expense, and (ii) other components of net periodic pension cost and net periodic postretirement benefit cost related to our frozen qualified and nonqualified defined benefit plans of $11 million and $8 million, respectively, in other non-operating expense, net, in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
 
NOTE 10. EQUITY

Changes in Shareholders’ Equity

The following tables show the changes in consolidated equity during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in millions, share amounts in thousands):
 
 
Common Stock
 
Additional
Paid-In
Capital
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
 
Accumulated
Deficit
 
Treasury
Stock
 
Noncontrolling
Interests
 
Total Equity
 
 
Shares
Outstanding
 
Issued Par
Amount
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balances at December 31, 2018
 
102,537

 
$
7

 
$
4,747

 
$
(223
)
 
$
(2,236
)
 
$
(2,414
)
 
$
806

 
$
687

Net income (loss)
 

 

 

 

 
(19
)
 

 
37

 
18

Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests
 

 

 

 

 

 

 
(37
)
 
(37
)
Other comprehensive income
 

 

 

 
2

 

 

 

 
2

Accretion of redeemable noncontrolling interests
 

 

 
(5
)
 

 

 

 

 
(5
)
Purchases (sales) of businesses and noncontrolling interests
 

 

 
(2
)
 

 

 

 
2

 

Cumulative effect of accounting change
 

 

 

 

 
1

 

 

 
1

Stock-based compensation expense, tax benefit and issuance of common stock
 
543

 

 
8

 

 

 

 

 
8

Balances at March 31, 2019
 
103,080

 
$
7

 
$
4,748

 
$
(221
)
 
$
(2,254
)
 
$
(2,414
)
 
$
808

 
$
674

Net income
 

 

 

 

 
17

 

 
47

 
64

Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests
 

 

 

 

 

 

 
(35
)
 
(35
)
Other comprehensive income
 

 

 

 
2

 

 

 

 
2

Accretion of redeemable noncontrolling interests
 

 

 
(4
)
 

 

 

 

 
(4
)
Purchases of businesses and noncontrolling interests
 

 

 

 

 

 

 
5

 
5

Stock-based compensation expense, tax benefit and issuance of common stock
 
256

 

 
11

 

 

 

 

 
11

Balances at June 30, 2019
 
103,336

 
$
7

 
$
4,755

 
$
(219
)
 
$
(2,237
)
 
$
(2,414
)
 
$
825

 
$
717



17


 
 
Common Stock
 
Additional
Paid-In
Capital
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
 
Accumulated
Deficit
 
Treasury
Stock
 
Noncontrolling
Interests
 
Total Equity
 
 
Shares
Outstanding
 
Issued Par
Amount
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balances at December 31, 2017
 
100,972

 
$
7

 
$
4,859

 
$
(204
)
 
$
(2,390
)
 
$
(2,419
)
 
$
686

 
$
539

Net income
 

 

 

 

 
99

 

 
31

 
130

Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests
 

 

 

 

 

 

 
(34
)
 
(34
)
Other comprehensive income
 

 

 

 
8

 

 

 

 
8

Accretion of redeemable noncontrolling interests
 

 

 
(37
)
 

 

 

 

 
(37
)
Sales of businesses and noncontrolling interests
 

 

 
(4
)
 

 

 

 
(2
)
 
(6
)
Cumulative effect of accounting change
 

 

 

 
(43
)
 
43

 

 

 

Stock-based compensation expense, tax benefit and issuance of common stock
 
1,017

 

 
15

 

 

 
1

 

 
16

Balances at March 31, 2018
 
101,989

 
$
7

 
$
4,833

 
$
(239
)
 
$
(2,248
)
 
$
(2,418
)
 
$
681

 
$
616

Net income
 

 

 

 

 
26

 

 
42

 
68

Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests
 

 

 

 

 

 

 
(38
)
 
(38
)
Other comprehensive loss
 

 

 

 
(4
)
 

 

 

 
(4
)
Accretion of redeemable noncontrolling interests
 

 

 
(123
)
 

 

 

 

 
(123
)
Purchases (sales) of businesses and noncontrolling interests
 

 

 
(2
)
 

 

 

 
45

 
43

Stock-based compensation expense, tax benefit and issuance of common stock
 
312

 

 
14

 

 

 

 

 
14

Balances at June 30, 2018
 
102,301

 
$
7

 
$
4,722

 
$
(243
)
 
$
(2,222
)
 
$
(2,418
)
 
$
730

 
$
576


 
Our noncontrolling interests balances at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were comprised of $116 million and $112 million, respectively, from our Hospital Operations and other segment, and $709 million and $694 million, respectively, from our Ambulatory Care segment. Our net income available to noncontrolling interests for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 in the table above were comprised of $7 million and $4 million, respectively, from our Hospital Operations and other segment, and $77 million and $69 million, respectively, from our Ambulatory Care segment.
 
NOTE 11. NET OPERATING REVENUES

Net operating revenues for our Hospital Operations and other and Ambulatory Care segments primarily consist of net patient service revenues, principally for patients covered by Medicare, Medicaid, managed care and other health plans, as well as certain uninsured patients under our Compact and other uninsured discount and charity programs. Net operating revenues for our Conifer segment primarily consist of revenues from providing revenue cycle management services to healthcare systems, as well as individual hospitals, physician practices, self-insured organizations, health plans and other entities.
        

18


The table below shows our sources of net operating revenues from continuing operations:
 
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Hospital Operations and other:
 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
Net patient service revenues from hospitals and related outpatient facilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Medicare
 
$
721

 
$
701

 
$
1,479

 
$
1,483

Medicaid
 
316

 
314

 
630

 
635

Managed care
 
2,330

 
2,273

 
4,684

 
4,641

Uninsured
 
11

 
8

 
12

 
45

Indemnity and other
 
169

 
147

 
324

 
282

Total
 
3,547

 
3,443

 
7,129

 
7,086

Physician practices revenues
 
282

 
271

 
552

 
551

Health plans
 
1

 

 
1

 
6

Revenue from other sources
 
(3
)
 
19

 
7

 
37

Hospital Operations and other total prior to inter-segment eliminations
 
3,827

 
3,733

 
7,689

 
7,680

Ambulatory Care
 
524

 
531

 
1,004

 
1,029

Conifer
 
355

 
386

 
704

 
790

Inter-segment eliminations
 
(146
)
 
(144
)
 
(292
)
 
(294
)
Net operating revenues
 
$
4,560

 
$
4,506

 
$
9,105

 
$
9,205



Adjustments for prior-year cost reports and related valuation allowances, principally related to Medicare and Medicaid, increased revenues in the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 by $17 million and $11 million, respectively. Estimated cost report settlements and valuation allowances are included in accounts receivable in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (see Note 2). We believe that we have made adequate provision for any adjustments that may result from final determination of amounts earned under all the above arrangements with Medicare and Medicaid.

The table below shows the composition of net operating revenues for our Ambulatory Care segment:
 
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Net patient service revenues
 
$
496

 
$
500

 
$
947

 
$
969

Management fees
 
23

 
23

 
46

 
46

Revenue from other sources
 
5

 
8

 
11

 
14

Net operating revenues
 
$
524

 
$
531

 
$
1,004

 
$
1,029


The table below shows the composition of net operating revenues for our Conifer segment:
 
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Revenue cycle services – Tenet
 
$
142

 
$
139

 
$
284

 
$
283

Revenue cycle services – other customers
 
187

 
220

 
367

 
452

Other services – Tenet
 
4

 
5

 
8

 
11

Other services – other customers
 
22

 
22

 
45

 
44

Net operating revenues
 
$
355

 
$
386

 
$
704

 
$
790



Other services represent 8% of Conifer’s revenue and include value-based care services, consulting services and other client-defined projects.
Performance Obligations

The following table includes Conifer’s revenue that is expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied, or partially unsatisfied, at the end of the reporting period. The amounts in the table primarily consist of revenue cycle management fixed fees, which are typically recognized ratably as the performance obligation is satisfied. The estimated revenue does not include volume or contingency based contracts, performance incentives, penalties or other variable consideration that is considered constrained. Conifer’s contract with Common Spirit, a minority interest owner of

19


Conifer Health Solutions, LLC, represents the majority of the fixed-fee revenue related to remaining performance obligations. Conifer’s contract term with Common Spirit ends in 2032.
 
 
 
 
Six Months
Ending
 
Years Ending
 
Later Years
 
 
 
 
December 31,
 
 
 
Total
 
2019
 
2020
 
2021
 
2022
 
2023
 
Performance obligations
 
$
7,587

 
$
298

 
$
597

 
$
594

 
$
594

 
$
594

 
$
4,910



NOTE 12. PROPERTY AND PROFESSIONAL AND GENERAL LIABILITY INSURANCE
 
Property Insurance
 
We have property, business interruption and related insurance coverage to mitigate the financial impact of catastrophic events or perils that is subject to deductible provisions based on the terms of the policies. These policies are on an occurrence basis.

For the policy period April 1, 2019 through March 31, 2020, we have coverage totaling $850 million per occurrence, after deductibles and exclusions, with annual aggregate sub-limits of $100 million for floods, $200 million for earthquakes and a per-occurrence sub-limit of $200 million for named windstorms with no annual aggregate. With respect to fires and other perils, excluding floods, earthquakes and named windstorms, the total $850 million limit of coverage per occurrence applies. Deductibles are 5% of insured values up to a maximum of $40 million for California earthquakes, $25 million for floods and named windstorms, and 2% of insured values for New Madrid fault earthquakes, with a maximum per claim deductible of $25 million. Floods and certain other covered losses, including fires and other perils, have a minimum deductible of $1 million.
 
Professional and General Liability Reserves
 
We are self-insured for the majority of our professional and general liability claims and purchase insurance from third-parties to cover catastrophic claims. At June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the aggregate current and long-term professional and general liability reserves in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets were $897 million and $882 million, respectively. These reserves include the reserves recorded by our captive insurance subsidiaries and our self-insured retention reserves recorded based on modeled estimates for the portion of our professional and general liability risks, including incurred but not reported claims, for which we do not have insurance coverage. We estimated the reserves for losses and related expenses using expected loss-reporting patterns discounted to their present value under a risk-free rate approach using a Federal Reserve seven-year maturity rate of 1.87% at June 30, 2019 and 2.59% at December 31, 2018.
 
If the aggregate limit of any of our professional and general liability policies is exhausted, in whole or in part, it could deplete or reduce the limits available to pay any other material claims applicable to that policy period.
 
Included in other operating expenses, net, in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations is malpractice expense of $205 million and $163 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
 
NOTE 13. CLAIMS AND LAWSUITS
 
We operate in a highly regulated and litigious industry. Healthcare companies are subject to numerous investigations by various governmental agencies. Further, private parties have the right to bring qui tam or “whistleblower” lawsuits against companies that allegedly submit false claims for payments to, or improperly retain overpayments from, the government and, in some states, private payers. We and our subsidiaries have received inquiries in recent years from government agencies, and we may receive similar inquiries in future periods. We are also subject to class action lawsuits, employment-related claims and other legal actions in the ordinary course of business. Some of these actions may involve large demands, as well as substantial defense costs. We cannot predict the outcome of current or future legal actions against us or the effect that judgments or settlements in such matters may have on us.

We are also subject to a non-prosecution agreement (“NPA”), as described in our Annual Report. If we fail to comply with this agreement, we could be subject to criminal prosecution, substantial penalties and exclusion from participation in federal healthcare programs, any of which could adversely impact our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

We record accruals for estimated losses relating to claims and lawsuits when available information indicates that a loss is probable and we can reasonably estimate the amount of the loss or a range of loss. Significant judgment is required in both

20


the determination of the probability of a loss and the determination as to whether a loss is reasonably estimable. These determinations are updated at least quarterly and are adjusted to reflect the effects of negotiations, settlements, rulings, advice of legal counsel and technical experts, and other information and events pertaining to a particular matter, but are subject to significant uncertainty regarding numerous factors that could affect the ultimate loss levels. If a loss on a material matter is reasonably possible and estimable, we disclose an estimate of the loss or a range of loss. In cases where we have not disclosed an estimate, we have concluded that the loss is either not reasonably possible or the loss, or a range of loss, is not reasonably estimable, based on available information. Given the inherent uncertainties involved in these matters, especially those involving governmental agencies, and the indeterminate damages sought in some of these matters, there is significant uncertainty as to the ultimate liability we may incur from these matters, and an adverse outcome in one or more of these matters could be material to our results of operations or cash flows for any particular reporting period.

Shareholder Derivative Litigation

In January 2017, the Dallas County District Court consolidated two previously disclosed shareholder derivative lawsuits filed on behalf of the Company by purported shareholders of the Company’s common stock against current and former officers and directors into a single matter captioned In re Tenet Healthcare Corporation Shareholder Derivative Litigation. The plaintiffs filed a consolidated shareholder derivative petition in February 2017. The consolidated shareholder derivative petition alleged that false or misleading statements or omissions concerning the Company’s financial performance and compliance policies, specifically with respect to the previously disclosed civil qui tam litigation and parallel criminal investigation of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries (together, the “Clinica de la Mama matters”), caused the price of the Company’s common stock to be artificially inflated. In addition, the plaintiffs alleged that the defendants violated GAAP by failing to disclose an estimate of the possible loss or a range of loss related to the Clinica de la Mama matters. The plaintiffs claimed that they did not make demand on the Company’s board of directors to bring the lawsuit because such a demand would have been futile. In May 2018, the judge in the consolidated shareholder derivative litigation entered an order lifting the previous year-long stay of the matter and, in July 2018, the defendants filed pleadings seeking dismissal of the lawsuit. In October 2018, the judge granted defendants’ motion to dismiss, but also agreed to give the plaintiffs 30 days to replead their complaint. In January 2019, the court issued a final judgment and order of dismissal after the plaintiffs elected not to replead. In February 2019, the plaintiffs filed an appeal of the court’s ruling that dismissal was appropriate because the plaintiffs failed to adequately plead that a pre-suit demand on the Company’s board of directors, a precondition to their action, should be excused as futile. The defendants intend to continue to vigorously contest the plaintiffs’ allegations in this matter.

Antitrust Class Action Lawsuit Filed by Registered Nurses in San Antonio
 
In Maderazo, et al. v. VHS San Antonio Partners, L.P. d/b/a Baptist Health Systems, et al., filed in June 2006 in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Texas, a purported class of registered nurses employed by three unaffiliated San Antonio-area hospital systems alleged those hospital systems, including our Baptist Health System, and other unidentified San Antonio regional hospitals violated Section §1 of the federal Sherman Act by conspiring to depress nurses’ compensation and exchanging compensation-related information among themselves in a manner that reduced competition and suppressed the wages paid to such nurses. The suit sought unspecified damages (subject to trebling under federal law), interest, costs and attorneys’ fees. In January 2019, the district court issued an opinion denying the plaintiffs’ motion for class certification. The plaintiffs’ subsequent appeal of the district court’s decision to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit was denied on March 26, 2019. On April 30, 2019, the appellate court denied the plaintiffs’ request for further review of the district court’s ruling. The district court has ordered the plaintiffs to advise the court by August 6, 2019 if they will be dismissing the action or proceeding with the individually named plaintiffs. If necessary, we will continue to vigorously defend against the plaintiffs’ allegations.

Government Investigation of Detroit Medical Center

Detroit Medical Center (“DMC”) is subject to an ongoing investigation by the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Eastern District of Michigan and the U.S. Department of Justice (“DOJ”) for potential violations of the Stark law, the Medicare and Medicaid anti-kickback and anti-fraud and abuse amendments codified under Section 1128B(b) of the Social Security Act (the “Anti-kickback Statute”), and the federal False Claims Act (“FCA”) related to DMC’s employment of nurse practitioners and physician assistants (“Mid-Level Practitioners”) from 2006 through 2017. As previously disclosed, a media report was published in August 2017 alleging that 14 Mid-Level Practitioners were terminated by DMC earlier in 2017 due to compliance concerns. We are cooperating with the investigation and continue to produce documents on a schedule agreed upon with the DOJ. Because the government’s review is in its preliminary stages, we are unable to determine the potential exposure, if any, at this time.


21


Oklahoma Surgical Hospital Qui Tam Action

In May 2016, a relator filed a qui tam lawsuit under seal in the Western District of Oklahoma against, among other parties, (i) Oklahoma Center for Orthopaedic & Multispecialty Surgery (“OCOM”), a surgical hospital jointly owned by USPI, a healthcare system partner and physicians, (ii) Southwest Orthopaedic Specialists, an independent physician practice group, (iii) Tenet, and (iv) other related entities and individuals. The complaint alleges various violations of the FCA, the Anti-kickback Statute, the Stark law and the Oklahoma Medicaid False Claims Act. In May 2018, Tenet and its affiliates learned that they were parties to the suit when the court unsealed the complaint and the DOJ declined to intervene with respect to the issues involving Tenet, USPI, OCOM and individually named employees. In June 2018, the relator filed an amended complaint more fully describing the claims and adding additional defendants. Tenet, USPI, OCOM and individually named employees filed motions to dismiss the case in October 2018, but the court has not yet ruled on the motions. The litigation is currently stayed until October 2019.

Pursuant to the obligations under our NPA, we reported the unsealed qui tam action to the DOJ. At this time, we are investigating the claims contained in the amended complaint and cooperating fully with the DOJ. We anticipate meeting with the DOJ and the Office of Inspector General of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services in the three months ending September 30, 2019 to begin discussing potential resolution of these matters. Because these proceedings and investigations remain at a preliminary stage, we are unable to predict with any certainty the terms, or potential impact on our business or financial condition, of any potential resolution of these matters.

Other Matters

On July 1, 2019, certain of the entities that purchased the operations of Hahnemann University Hospital and St. Christopher’s Hospital for Children in Philadelphia from us commenced Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings. As previously disclosed in our Form 8-K filed September 1, 2017, the purchasers assumed our funding obligations under the Pension Fund for Hospital and Health Care Employees of Philadelphia and Vicinity (the “Fund”), a pension plan related to the operations at Hahnemann University Hospital and, pursuant to rules under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, under certain circumstances we could become liable for withdrawal liability in the event a withdrawal is triggered with respect to the Fund. In July 2019, the Fund notified us of a withdrawal liability assessment of approximately $63 million. We dispute and intend to contest this assessment in accordance with applicable law.

We are also subject to claims and lawsuits arising in the ordinary course of business, including potential claims related to, among other things, the care and treatment provided at our hospitals and outpatient facilities, the application of various federal and state labor laws, tax audits and other matters. Although the results of these claims and lawsuits cannot be predicted with certainty, we believe that the ultimate resolution of these ordinary course claims and lawsuits will not have a material effect on our business or financial condition.

New claims or inquiries may be initiated against us from time to time. These matters could (1) require us to pay substantial damages or amounts in judgments or settlements, which, individually or in the aggregate, could exceed amounts, if any, that may be recovered under our insurance policies where coverage applies and is available, (2) cause us to incur substantial expenses, (3) require significant time and attention from our management, and (4) cause us to close or sell hospitals or otherwise modify the way we conduct business.

The table below presents reconciliations of the beginning and ending liability balances in connection with legal settlements and related costs recorded in continuing operations during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. No amounts were recorded in discontinued operations in those periods.
 
 
Balances at
Beginning
of Period
 
Litigation and
Investigation
Costs
 
Cash
Payments
 
Balances at
End of
Period
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
 
$
8

 
$
31

 
$
(24
)
 
$
15

Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
 
$
12

 
$
19

 
$
(11
)
 
$
20


 
For the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, we recorded costs of $31 million and $19 million, respectively, in continuing operations in connection with significant legal proceedings and governmental investigations.


22


NOTE 14. REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS IN EQUITY OF CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES
 
The following table shows the changes in redeemable noncontrolling interests in equity of consolidated subsidiaries during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:
 
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
Balances at beginning of period 
 
$
1,420

 
$
1,866

Net income
 
95

 
101

Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests
 
(72
)
 
(70
)
Accretion of redeemable noncontrolling interests
 
9

 
160

Purchases and sales of businesses and noncontrolling interests, net
 
10

 
(628
)
Balances at end of period 
 
$
1,462

 
$
1,429

 
The following tables show the composition by segment of our redeemable noncontrolling interests balances at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, as well as our net income available to redeemable noncontrolling interests for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Hospital Operations and other
 
$
408

 
$
431

Ambulatory Care
 
737

 
713

Conifer
 
317

 
276

Redeemable noncontrolling interests
 
$
1,462

 
$
1,420

 
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
Hospital Operations and other
 
$
(15
)
 
$
(6
)
Ambulatory Care
 
69

 
70

Conifer
 
41

 
37

Net income available to redeemable noncontrolling interests
 
$
95

 
$
101



NOTE 15. INCOME TAXES
 
During the three months ended June 30, 2019, we recorded income tax expense of $30 million in continuing operations on pre-tax income of $140 million compared to income tax expense of $44 million on pre-tax income of $150 million during the three months ended June 30, 2018. During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we recorded income tax expense of $47 million in continuing operations on pre-tax income of $214 million compared to income tax expense of $114 million on pre-tax income of $410 million during the six months ended June 30, 2018. Our provision for income taxes during interim reporting periods is calculated by applying an estimate of the annual effective tax rate for the full year to “ordinary” income or loss (pre-tax income or loss excluding unusual or infrequently occurring discrete items) for the reporting period. In calculating “ordinary” income, non-taxable income or loss attributable to noncontrolling interests has been deducted from pre-tax income or loss in the determination of the annualized effective tax rate used to calculate income taxes for the quarter. The reconciliation between the amount of recorded income tax expense and the amount calculated at the statutory federal tax rate is shown in the following table:
 
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Tax expense at statutory federal rate of 21%
 
$
29

 
$
31

 
$
45

 
$
86

State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit
 
6

 
7

 
9

 
17

Tax attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
(19
)
 
(16
)
 
(36
)
 
(34
)
Nondeductible goodwill
 

 
2

 

 
7

Nontaxable gains
 

 

 
(1
)
 

Stock-based compensation
 
1

 

 

 
4

Change in valuation allowance-interest expense limitation
 
11

 
18

 
35

 
30

Other items
 
2

 
2

 
(5
)
 
4

Income tax expense
 
$
30

 
$
44

 
$
47

 
$
114


    

23


During the six months ended June 30, 2019, there were no adjustments to our estimated liabilities for uncertain tax positions. The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits at June 30, 2019 was $45 million, of which $43 million, if recognized, would impact our effective tax rate and income tax expense (benefit) from continuing operations. 
 
Our practice is to recognize interest and penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense in our consolidated statements of operations. Total accrued interest and penalties on unrecognized tax benefits at June 30, 2019 were $4 million, all of which related to continuing operations.
 
At June 30, 2019, approximately $10 million of unrecognized federal and state tax benefits, as well as reserves for interest and penalties, may decrease in the next 12 months as a result of the settlement of audits, the filing of amended tax returns or the expiration of statutes of limitations.
 
NOTE 16. EARNINGS (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE
 
The following table is a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of our basic and diluted earnings (loss) per common share calculations for our continuing operations for three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. Net income available (loss attributable) to our common shareholders is expressed in millions and weighted average shares are expressed in thousands.
 
 
Net Income Available (Loss Attributable)
to Common
Shareholders
(Numerator)
 
Weighted
Average Shares
(Denominator)
 
Per-Share
Amount
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
 
 

 
 

 
 

Net income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders
for basic earnings per share
 
$
15

 
103,198

 
$
0.15

Effect of dilutive stock options, restricted stock units and deferred compensation units
 

 
1,431

 
(0.01
)
Net income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders for diluted earnings per share
 
$
15

 
104,629

 
$
0.14

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
 
 

 
 

 
 

Net income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders
for basic earnings per share
 
$
24

 
102,147

 
$
0.23

Effect of dilutive stock options, restricted stock units and deferred compensation units
 

 
2,030

 

Net income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders for diluted earnings per share
 
$
24

 
104,177

 
$
0.23

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
 
 

 
 

 
 

Net loss attributable to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders
for basic loss per share
 
$
(12
)
 
102,993

 
$
(0.12
)
Effect of dilutive stock options, restricted stock units and deferred compensation units
 

 

 

Net loss attributable to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders for diluted loss per share
 
$
(12
)
 
102,993

 
$
(0.12
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
 
 

 
 

 
 

Net income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders
for basic earnings per share
 
$
122

 
101,770

 
$
1.20

Effect of dilutive stock options, restricted stock units and deferred compensation units
 

 
1,646

 
(0.02
)
Net income available to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders for diluted earnings per share
 
$
122

 
103,416

 
$
1.18



All potentially dilutive securities were excluded from the calculation of diluted loss per share for the six months ended June 30, 2019 because we did not report income from continuing operations available to common shareholders in that period. In circumstances where we do not have income from continuing operations available to common shareholders, the effect of stock options and other potentially dilutive securities is anti-dilutive, that is, a loss from continuing operations attributable to common shareholders has the effect of making the diluted loss per share less than the basic loss per share. Had we generated income

24


from continuing operations available to common shareholders in the six months ended June 30, 2019, the effect (in thousands) of employee stock options, restricted stock units and deferred compensation units on the diluted shares calculation would have been an increase in shares of 1,592.

NOTE 17. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
  
Our non-financial assets and liabilities not permitted or required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis typically relate to long-lived assets held and used, long-lived assets held for sale and goodwill. We are required to provide additional disclosures about fair value measurements as part of our financial statements for each major category of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis. The following table presents this information and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques we utilized to determine such fair values. In general, fair values determined by Level 1 inputs utilize quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities, which generally are not applicable to non-financial assets and liabilities. Fair values determined by Level 2 inputs utilize data points that are observable, such as definitive sales agreements, appraisals or established market values of comparable assets. Fair values determined by Level 3 inputs are unobservable data points for the asset or liability and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability, such as internal estimates of future cash flows.

 
December 31, 2018
 
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Long-lived assets held for sale
 
$
39

 
$

 
$
39

 
$

Long-lived assets held and used
 
130

 

 
130

 



The fair value of our long-term debt (except for borrowings under the Credit Agreement) is based on quoted market prices (Level 1). The inputs used to establish the fair value of the borrowings outstanding under the Credit Agreement are considered to be Level 2 inputs, which include inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly. At June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the estimated fair value of our long-term debt was approximately 102.1% and 97.3%, respectively, of the carrying value of the debt.
 
NOTE 18. ACQUISITIONS
 
Preliminary purchase price allocations (representing the fair value of the consideration conveyed) for all acquisitions made during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 are as follows: 
 
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
Current assets
 
$
6

 
$
3

Property and equipment
 
8

 
3

Other intangible assets
 
3

 
3

Goodwill
 
18

 
132

Other long-term assets, including previously held equity method investments
 
5

 
1

Current liabilities
 
(3
)
 
(2
)
Long-term liabilities
 
(6
)
 
(1
)
Redeemable noncontrolling interests in equity of consolidated subsidiaries
 
(9
)
 
(8
)
Noncontrolling interests
 
(4
)
 
(42
)
Cash paid, net of cash acquired
 
(13
)
 
(89
)
Gains on consolidations
 
$
5

 
$



The goodwill generated from these transactions, the majority of which will be deductible for income tax purposes, can be attributed to the benefits that we expect to realize from operating efficiencies and growth strategies. The goodwill total of $18 million from acquisitions completed during the six months ended June 30, 2019 was recorded in our Ambulatory Care segment. Approximately $3 million and $5 million in transaction costs related to prospective and closed acquisitions were expensed during the six month periods ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and are included in impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costs in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
 
We are required to allocate the purchase prices of acquired businesses to assets acquired or liabilities assumed and, if applicable, noncontrolling interests based on their fair values. The excess of the purchase price allocation over those fair values is recorded as goodwill. We are in process of finalizing the purchase price allocations, including valuations of the acquired

25


property and equipment, other intangible assets and noncontrolling interests for some of our 2019 and 2018 acquisitions; therefore, those purchase price allocations are subject to adjustment once the valuations are completed.
 
During the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, we recognized gains totaling $5 million and less than $1 million, respectively, associated with stepping up our ownership interests in previously held equity method investments, which we began consolidating after we acquired controlling interests.
 
NOTE 19. SEGMENT INFORMATION
 
Our business consists of our Hospital Operations and other segment, our Ambulatory Care segment and our Conifer segment. The factors for determining the reportable segments include the manner in which management evaluates operating performance combined with the nature of the individual business activities.
 
Our Hospital Operations and other segment is comprised of our acute care and specialty hospitals, ancillary outpatient facilities, urgent care centers, microhospitals and physician practices. At June 30, 2019, our subsidiaries operated 65 hospitals serving primarily urban and suburban communities in nine states.
 
Our Ambulatory Care segment is comprised of the operations of USPI and included nine Aspen facilities in the United Kingdom until their divestiture effective August 17, 2018. At June 30, 2019, USPI had interests in 260 ambulatory surgery centers, 38 urgent care centers operated under the CareSpot brand, 23 imaging centers and 23 surgical hospitals in 27 states. At June 30, 2019, we owned 95.0% of USPI.
 
Our Conifer segment provides healthcare business process services in the areas of hospital and physician revenue cycle management and value-based care solutions to healthcare systems, as well as individual hospitals, physician practices, self-insured organizations, health plans and other entities. At June 30, 2019, Conifer provided services to approximately 680 Tenet and non-Tenet hospitals and other clients nationwide. In 2012, we entered into agreements documenting the terms and conditions of various services Conifer provides to Tenet hospitals, as well as certain administrative services our Hospital Operations and other segment provides to Conifer. The pricing terms for the services provided by each party to the other under these contracts were based on estimated third-party pricing terms in effect at the time the agreements were signed. At June 30, 2019, we owned 76.2% of Conifer Health Solutions, LLC, which is the principal subsidiary of Conifer Holdings, Inc.
 
The following tables include amounts for each of our reportable segments and the reconciling items necessary to agree to amounts reported in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, as applicable:
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Assets:
 
 

 
 

Hospital Operations and other
 
$
16,072

 
$
15,684

Ambulatory Care
 
6,057

 
5,711

Conifer
 
1,078

 
1,014

Total 
 
$
23,207

 
$
22,409



26


 
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Capital expenditures:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Hospital Operations and other
 
$
118

 
$
108

 
$
288

 
$
228

Ambulatory Care
 
21

 
13

 
41

 
28

Conifer
 
5

 
4

 
7

 
12

Total 
 
$
144

 
$
125

 
$
336

 
$
268

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net operating revenues:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Hospital Operations and other total prior to inter-segment eliminations(1)
 
$
3,827

 
$
3,733

 
$
7,689

 
$
7,680

Ambulatory Care
 
524

 
531

 
1,004

 
1,029

Conifer
 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
Tenet
 
146

 
144

 
292

 
294

Other customers
 
209

 
242

 
412

 
496

Total Conifer revenues
 
355

 
386

 
704

 
790

Inter-segment eliminations
 
(146
)
 
(144
)
 
(292
)
 
(294
)
Total 
 
$
4,560

 
$
4,506

 
$
9,105

 
$
9,205

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Hospital Operations and other
 
$
8

 
$
6

 
$
11

 
$
4

Ambulatory Care
 
34

 
33

 
65

 
60

Total 
 
$
42

 
$
39

 
$
76

 
$
64

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Adjusted EBITDA(2):
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Hospital Operations and other(2)
 
$
347

 
$
345

 
$
684

 
$
747

Ambulatory Care
 
207

 
198

 
384

 
363

Conifer
 
103

 
91

 
202

 
189

Total 
 
$
657

 
$
634

 
$
1,270

 
$
1,299

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Hospital Operations and other
 
$
185

 
$
164

 
$
364

 
$
339

Ambulatory Care
 
18

 
17

 
36

 
34

Conifer
 
11

 
13

 
22

 
25

Total 
 
$
214

 
$
194

 
$
422

 
$
398


 
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Adjusted EBITDA(2)
 
$
657

 
$
634

 
$
1,270

 
$
1,299

Income (loss) from divested and closed businesses
(i.e., the Company’s health plan businesses)
 

 
1

 
(1
)
 

Depreciation and amortization
 
(214
)
 
(194
)
 
(422
)
 
(398
)
Impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costs
 
(36
)
 
(30
)
 
(55
)
 
(77
)
Litigation and investigation costs
 
(18
)
 
(13
)
 
(31
)
 
(19
)
Interest expense
 
(247
)
 
(254
)
 
(498
)
 
(509
)
Loss from early extinguishment of debt
 

 
(1
)
 
(47
)
 
(2
)
Other non-operating expense, net
 
(1
)
 
(1
)
 

 
(2
)
Net gains (losses) on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities
 
(1
)
 
8

 
(2
)
 
118

Income from continuing operations, before income taxes
 
$
140

 
$
150

 
$
214

 
$
410


(1)
Hospital Operations and other revenues includes health plan revenues of approximately $1 million for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, and less than $1 million and $6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively.
(2)
Hospital Operations and other Adjusted EBITDA excludes health plan EBITDA of less than $1 million and $(1) million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, and $1 million and less than $1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively.



27


ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
 
The purpose of this section, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”), is to provide a narrative explanation of our financial statements that enables investors to better understand our business, to enhance our overall financial disclosures, to provide the context within which our financial information may be analyzed, and to provide information about the quality of, and potential variability of, our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Our Hospital Operations and other segment is comprised of our acute care and specialty hospitals, ancillary outpatient facilities, urgent care centers, microhospitals and physician practices. Our Ambulatory Care segment is comprised of the operations of our USPI Holding Company, Inc. (“USPI”), in which we own a 95% interest, and included nine European Surgical Partners Limited (“Aspen”) facilities until their divestiture effective August 17, 2018. At June 30, 2019, USPI had interests in 260 ambulatory surgery centers, 38 urgent care centers, 23 imaging centers and 23 surgical hospitals in 27 states. Our Conifer segment provides healthcare business process services in the areas of hospital and physician revenue cycle management and value-based care solutions to healthcare systems, as well as individual hospitals, physician practices, self-insured organizations, health plans and other entities, through our Conifer Holdings, Inc. (“Conifer”) subsidiary. Nearly all of the services comprising the operations of our Conifer segment are provided directly by Conifer Health Solutions, LLC, in which we owned 76.2% as of June 30, 2019, or by one of its direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiaries. MD&A, which should be read in conjunction with the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, includes the following sections:

Management Overview
Forward-Looking Statements
Sources of Revenue for Our Hospital Operations and Other Segment
Results of Operations
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Critical Accounting Estimates
 
Unless otherwise indicated, all financial and statistical information included in MD&A relates to our continuing operations, with dollar amounts expressed in millions (except per adjusted patient admission and per adjusted patient day amounts). Continuing operations information includes the results of (i) our same 65 hospitals operated throughout the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, (ii) two Philadelphia-area hospitals, which we divested effective January 11, 2018, (iii) MacNeal Hospital, which we divested effective March 1, 2018, (iv) Des Peres Hospital, which we divested effective May 1, 2018, (v) three Chicago-area hospitals, which we divested effective January 28, 2019, and (vi) Aspen's nine facilities, which we divested August 17, 2018. Continuing operations information excludes the results of our hospitals and other businesses that have been classified as discontinued operations for accounting purposes.
 
MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

Spin-off of Conifer—As further described under “Trends and Strategies” below, on July 24, 2019, we announced our intention to pursue a tax-free spin-off of Conifer as a separate, independent, publicly traded company.

Birmingham Joint Venture Put Notice—In May 2019, Baptist Health System, Inc., our partner in a joint venture that owns and operates a healthcare network serving Birmingham and central Alabama, delivered a put notice for 25% of the equity it holds in the joint venture. We expect to pay a mutually agreed-upon fair value to purchase these units, which will increase our ownership interest in the joint venture from 60% to 70%.

    

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Table of Contents


TRENDS AND STRATEGIES

The healthcare industry, in general, and the acute care hospital business, in particular, have been experiencing significant regulatory uncertainty based, in large part, on administrative, legislative and judicial efforts to significantly modify or repeal and potentially replace the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 (“Affordable Care Act” or “ACA”). It is difficult to predict the full impact of regulatory uncertainty on our future revenues and operations. In addition, we believe that several key trends are shaping the demand for healthcare services: (1) consumers, employers and insurers are actively seeking lower-cost solutions and better value as they focus more on healthcare spending; (2) patient volumes are shifting from inpatient to outpatient settings due to technological advancements and demand for care that is more convenient, affordable and accessible; (3) the growing aging population requires greater chronic disease management and higher-acuity treatment; and (4) consolidation continues across the entire healthcare sector.

Driving Growth in Our Hospital Systems—We are committed to better positioning our hospital systems and competing more effectively in the ever-evolving healthcare environment. We are focused on improving operational effectiveness, increasing capital efficiency and margins, investing in our physician enterprise, particularly our specialist network, enhancing physician and patient satisfaction, growing our higher-acuity inpatient service lines, expanding patient access points, and exiting service lines, businesses and markets that we believe are no longer a core part of our long-term growth strategy. We have undertaken enterprise-wide cost reduction initiatives, comprised primarily of workforce reductions (including streamlining corporate overhead and centralized support functions), the renegotiation of contracts with suppliers and vendors, and the consolidation of office locations. In conjunction with these initiatives, we incurred restructuring charges related to employee severance payments of $18 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019, and we expect to incur additional such restructuring charges in the remainder of 2019.

Improving the Customer Care Experience—As consumers continue to become more engaged in managing their health, we recognize that understanding what matters most to them and earning their loyalty is imperative to our success. As such, we have enhanced our focus on treating our patients as traditional customers by: (1) establishing networks of physicians and facilities that provide convenient access to services across the care continuum; (2) expanding service lines aligned with growing community demand, including a focus on aging and chronic disease patients; (3) offering greater affordability and predictability, including simplified admissions and discharge procedures, particularly in our outpatient centers; (4) improving our culture of service; and (5) creating health and benefit programs, patient education and health literacy materials that are customized to the needs of the communities we serve. Through these efforts, we intend to improve the customer care experience in every part of our operations.

Expansion of Our Ambulatory Care Segment—We remain focused on opportunities to expand our Ambulatory Care segment through organic growth, building new outpatient centers, corporate development activities and strategic partnerships. We believe USPI’s surgery centers and surgical hospitals offer many advantages to patients and physicians, including greater affordability, predictability, flexibility and convenience. Moreover, due in part to advancements in medical technology, and due to the lower cost structure and greater efficiencies that are attainable at a specialized outpatient site, we believe the volume and complexity of surgical cases performed in an outpatient setting will continue to increase. In addition, we have continued to grow our imaging and urgent care businesses through USPI to reflect our broader strategies to (1) offer more services to patients, (2) broaden the capabilities we offer to healthcare systems and physicians, and (3) expand into faster-growing, less capital intensive, higher-margin businesses. Historically, our outpatient services have generated significantly higher margins for us than inpatient services.

Driving Conifer’s Growth While Pursuing a Tax-free Spin-off—We previously announced a number of actions to support our goals of improving financial performance and enhancing shareholder value, including the exploration of strategic alternatives for Conifer. In July 2019, we announced our intention to pursue a tax-free spin-off of Conifer as a separate, independent, publicly traded company. Completion of the proposed spin-off is subject to a number of conditions, including, among others, assurance that the separation will be tax-free for U.S. federal income tax purposes, execution of a restructured services agreement between Conifer and Tenet, finalization of Conifer’s capital structure, the effectiveness of appropriate filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and final approval from our Board of Directors. We are targeting to complete the separation by the end of the second quarter of 2021; however, there can be no assurance regarding the timeframe for completing the spin-off, the allocation of assets and liabilities between Tenet and Conifer, that the other conditions of the spin-off will be met, or that the spin-off will be completed at all.

Conifer serves approximately 680 Tenet and non-Tenet hospital and other clients nationwide. In addition to providing revenue cycle management services to healthcare systems and physicians, Conifer provides support to both providers and self-insured employers seeking assistance with clinical integration, financial risk management and population health management.

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Table of Contents

Conifer remains focused on driving growth by continuing to market and expand its revenue cycle management and value-based care solutions businesses.

Improving Profitability—We are focused on growing patient volumes and effective cost management as a means to improve profitability. We believe our inpatient admissions have been constrained in recent years by increased competition, utilization pressure by managed care organizations, new delivery models that are designed to lower the utilization of acute care hospital services, the effects of higher patient co-pays, co-insurance amounts and deductibles, changing consumer behavior, and adverse economic conditions and demographic trends in certain of our markets. However, we also believe that emphasis on higher-demand clinical service lines (including outpatient services), focus on expanding our ambulatory care business, cultivation of our culture of service, participation in Medicare Advantage health plans that are experiencing higher growth rates than traditional Medicare plans, and contracting strategies that create shared value with payers should help us grow our patient volumes over time. In 2019, we are continuing to explore new opportunities to enhance efficiency, including further integration of enterprise-wide centralized support functions, outsourcing certain functions unrelated to direct patient care, and reducing clinical and vendor contract variation.

Reducing Our Leverage—All of our outstanding long-term debt has a fixed rate of interest, except for outstanding borrowings under our revolving credit facility, and the maturity dates of our notes are staggered from 2020 through 2031. Although we believe that our capital structure minimizes the near-term impact of increased interest rates, and the staggered maturities of our debt allow us to refinance our debt over time, it is nonetheless our long-term objective to lower our ratio of debt-to-Adjusted EBITDA, primarily through more efficient capital allocation and Adjusted EBITDA growth, which should lower our refinancing risk and increase the potential for us to continue to use lower rate secured debt to refinance portions of our higher rate unsecured debt.

Our ability to execute on our strategies and respond to the aforementioned trends is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to be materially different from expectations. For information about risks and uncertainties that could affect our results of operations, see the Risk Factors section in Part II of this report and the Forward-Looking Statements and Risk Factors sections in Part I of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 (“Annual Report”).
 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS—OVERVIEW
 
The following tables show certain selected operating statistics for our continuing operations, which includes the results of (i) our same 65 hospitals operated throughout the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, (ii) two Philadelphia-area hospitals, which we divested effective January 11, 2018, (iii) MacNeal Hospital, which we divested effective March 1, 2018, (iv) Des Peres Hospital, which we divested effective May 1, 2018, and (v) three Chicago-area hospitals, which we divested effective January 28, 2019. The following tables also show information about facilities in our Ambulatory Care segment that we control and, therefore, consolidate. The results of our former Aspen facilities, which we divested on August 17, 2018, are also included. We believe this information is useful to investors because it reflects our current portfolio of operations and the recent trends we are experiencing with respect to volumes, revenues and expenses. 

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Table of Contents

 
 
Continuing Operations
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Selected Operating Statistics
 
2019
 
2018
 
Increase
(Decrease)
 
Hospital Operations and other – hospitals and related outpatient facilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of hospitals (at end of period)
 
65

 
68

 
(3
)
(1)
Total admissions
 
169,352

 
168,453

 
0.5
 %
 
Adjusted patient admissions(2) 
 
304,066

 
306,063

 
(0.7
)%
 
Paying admissions (excludes charity and uninsured)
 
159,128

 
158,216

 
0.6
 %
 
Charity and uninsured admissions
 
10,224

 
10,237

 
(0.1
)%
 
Emergency department visits
 
637,107

 
643,036

 
(0.9
)%
 
Total surgeries
 
105,577

 
110,079

 
(4.1
)%
 
Patient days — total
 
787,582

 
766,519

 
2.7
 %
 
Adjusted patient days(2) 
 
1,387,929

 
1,373,480

 
1.1
 %
 
Average length of stay (days)
 
4.65

 
4.55

 
2.2
 %
 
Average licensed beds
 
17,221

 
18,362

 
(6.2
)%
 
Utilization of licensed beds(3)
 
50.3
%
 
45.9
%
 
4.4
 %
(1)
Total visits
 
1,693,805

 
1,749,847

 
(3.2
)%
 
Paying visits (excludes charity and uninsured)
 
1,581,530

 
1,633,372

 
(3.2
)%
 
Charity and uninsured visits
 
112,275

 
116,475

 
(3.6
)%
 
Ambulatory Care
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total consolidated facilities (at end of period)
 
232

 
232

 

(1)
Total cases
 
514,567

 
500,516

 
2.8
 %
 
 
 
 
(1)
The change is the difference between the 2019 and 2018 amounts shown.
(2)
Adjusted patient admissions/days represents actual patient admissions/days adjusted to include outpatient services provided by facilities in our Hospital Operations and other segment by multiplying actual patient admissions/days by the sum of gross inpatient revenues and outpatient revenues and dividing the results by gross inpatient revenues.
(3)
Utilization of licensed beds represents patient days divided by number of days in the period divided by average licensed beds.
 
Total admissions increased by 899, or 0.5%, in the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018, and total surgeries decreased by 4,502, or 4.1%, in the 2019 period compared to the 2018 period. Our emergency department visits decreased 0.9% in the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the same period in the prior year. Our volumes from continuing operations in the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018 were negatively affected by the sale of Des Peres Hospital and affiliated operations effective May 1, 2018, and the sale of three Chicago-area hospitals and affiliated operations effective January 28, 2019. Our Ambulatory Care total cases increased 2.8% in the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the 2018 period despite the negative impact of the sale of Aspen effective August 17, 2018.
 
 
Continuing Operations
Three Months Ended June 30,
Revenues
 
2019
 
2018
 
Increase
(Decrease)
Net operating revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hospital Operations and other prior to inter-segment eliminations
 
$
3,827

 
$
3,733

 
2.5
 %
Ambulatory Care
 
524

 
531

 
(1.3
)%
Conifer
 
355

 
386

 
(8.0
)%
Inter-segment eliminations
 
(146
)
 
(144
)
 
1.4
 %
Total
 
$
4,560

 
$
4,506

 
1.2
 %

Net operating revenues increased by $54 million, or 1.2%, in the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018, primarily due to a favorable change in payer mix, increased acuity and improved managed care pricing. 
 
Our accounts receivable days outstanding (“AR Days”) from continuing operations were 58.4 days at June 30, 2019 and 56.5 days at December 31, 2018, compared to our target of less than 55 days. This calculation includes our Hospital Operations and other contract assets, and excludes (i) two Philadelphia-area hospitals, which we divested effective January 11, 2018, (ii) MacNeal Hospital, which we divested effective March 1, 2018, (iii) Des Peres Hospital, which we divested effective May 1, 2018, (iv) three Chicago-area hospitals, which we divested effective January 28, 2019, and (v) our California provider fee revenues.

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Continuing Operations
Three Months Ended June 30,
Selected Operating Expenses
 
2019
 
2018
 
Increase
(Decrease)
Hospital Operations and other
 
 
 
 
 
 
Salaries, wages and benefits
 
$
1,804

 
$
1,756

 
2.7
 %
Supplies
 
644

 
641

 
0.5
 %
Other operating expenses
 
894

 
852

 
4.9
 %
Total
 
$
3,342

 
$
3,249

 
2.9
 %
Ambulatory Care
 
 

 
 

 
 

Salaries, wages and benefits
 
$
157

 
$
165

 
(4.8
)%
Supplies
 
108

 
106

 
1.9
 %
Other operating expenses
 
86

 
95

 
(9.5
)%
Total
 
$
351

 
$
366

 
(4.1
)%
Conifer
 
 

 
 

 
 

Salaries, wages and benefits
 
$
187

 
$
214

 
(12.6
)%
Supplies
 
1

 
1

 
 %
Other operating expenses
 
64

 
80

 
(20.0
)%
Total
 
$
252

 
$
295

 
(14.6
)%
Total
 
 

 
 

 
 

Salaries, wages and benefits
 
$
2,148

 
$
2,135

 
0.6
 %
Supplies
 
753

 
748

 
0.7
 %
Other operating expenses
 
1,044

 
1,027

 
1.7
 %
Total
 
$
3,945

 
$
3,910

 
0.9
 %
Rent/lease expense(1)
 
 

 
 

 
 

Hospital Operations and other
 
$
59

 
$
56

 
5.4
 %
Ambulatory Care
 
21

 
20

 
5.0
 %
Conifer
 
3

 
5

 
(40.0
)%
Total
 
$
83

 
$
81

 
2.5
 %
 
 
 
(1)
 Included in other operating expenses.
 
 
Continuing Operations
Three Months Ended June 30,
Selected Operating Expenses per Adjusted Patient Admission
 
2019
 
2018
 
Increase
(Decrease)
Hospital Operations and other
 
 
 
 
 
 
Salaries, wages and benefits per adjusted patient admission(1)
 
$
5,931

 
$
5,736

 
3.4
%
Supplies per adjusted patient admission(1)
 
2,118

 
2,092

 
1.2
%
Other operating expenses per adjusted patient admission(1)
 
2,939

 
2,791

 
5.3
%
Total per adjusted patient admission
 
$
10,988

 
$
10,619

 
3.5
%
 
 
 
(1)
Calculation excludes the expenses from our health plan businesses. Adjusted patient admissions represents actual patient admissions adjusted to include outpatient services provided by facilities in our Hospital Operations and other segment by multiplying actual patient admissions by the sum of gross inpatient revenues and outpatient revenues and dividing the results by gross inpatient revenues.

Salaries, wages and benefits per adjusted patient admission increased 3.4% in the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018. This change was primarily due to annual merit increases for certain of our employees and increased workers’ compensation costs as a result of favorable experience in the prior-year period, partially offset by the impact of previously announced workforce reductions as part of our enterprise-wide cost reduction initiatives in the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018.
 
Supplies expense per adjusted patient admission increased 1.2% in the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. The change in supplies expense was primarily attributable to growth in our higher acuity supply-intensive surgical services, partially offset by the impact of the group-purchasing strategies and supplies-management services we utilize to reduce costs.


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Other operating expenses per adjusted patient admission increased by 5.3% in the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the prior-year period. This increase was primarily due to higher medical fees, increased software costs, and increased legal and consulting fees. Also, the 2019 period included an unfavorable adjustment of approximately $10 million from a 44 basis point decrease in the interest rate used to estimate the discounted present value of projected future malpractice liabilities compared to a favorable adjustment of approximately $3 million from a 13 basis point increase in the interest rate in the 2018 period.
 
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES OVERVIEW
 
Cash and cash equivalents were $249 million at June 30, 2019 compared to $252 million at March 31, 2019.
 
Significant cash flow items in the three months ended June 30, 2019 included:

Net cash provided by operating activities before interest, taxes, discontinued operations and restructuring charges, acquisition-related costs, and litigation costs and settlements of $683 million;

Payments for restructuring charges, acquisition-related costs, and litigation costs and settlements of $48 million;

Capital expenditures of $144 million;

Interest payments of $326 million;

Purchases of businesses or joint venture interests of $11 million; and

$70 million of distributions paid to noncontrolling interests.
 
Net cash provided by operating activities was $294 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $461 million in the six months ended June 30, 2018. Key factors contributing to the change between the 2019 and 2018 periods include the following:

The impact of an increase in AR Days outstanding;

Decreased cash receipts of $16 million related to the California provider fee program;

Increased payments for restructuring charges, acquisition-related costs, and litigation costs and settlements of $17 million; and

The timing of other working capital items.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
 
This report includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, each as amended. All statements, other than statements of historical or present facts, that address activities, events, outcomes, business strategies and other matters that we plan, expect, intend, assume, believe, budget, predict, forecast, project, target, estimate or anticipate (and other similar expressions) will, should or may occur in the future are forward-looking statements, including (but not limited to) disclosure regarding our future earnings, financial position, operational and strategic initiatives, and developments in the healthcare industry. Forward-looking statements represent management’s expectations, based on currently available information, as to the outcome and timing of future events, but, by their nature, address matters that are indeterminate. They involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, many of which we are unable to predict or control, that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements. Such factors include, but are not limited to, the risks described in the Risk Factors section in Part II of this report and the Forward-Looking Statements and Risk Factors sections in Part I of our Annual Report.
 
When considering forward-looking statements, you should keep in mind the risk factors and other cautionary statements in our Annual Report and in this report. Should one or more of the risks and uncertainties described in our Annual Report or this report occur, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, our actual results and plans could differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statement. We specifically disclaim any obligation to update any

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information contained in a forward-looking statement or any forward-looking statement in its entirety except as required by law.
 
All forward-looking statements attributable to us are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement.
 
SOURCES OF REVENUE FOR OUR HOSPITAL OPERATIONS AND OTHER SEGMENT
 
We earn revenues for patient services from a variety of sources, primarily managed care payers and the federal Medicare program, as well as state Medicaid programs, indemnity-based health insurance companies and uninsured patients (that is, patients who do not have health insurance and are not covered by some other form of third-party arrangement).
 
The following table shows the sources of net patient service revenues less implicit price concessions for our hospitals and related outpatient facilities, expressed as percentages of net patient service revenues less implicit price concessions from all sources:
 
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
Net Patient Service Revenues Less Implicit Price Concessions from:
 
2019
 
2018
 
Increase
(Decrease)
(1)
 
2019
 
2018
 
Increase
(Decrease)
(1)
Medicare
 
20.3
%
 
20.4
%
 
(0.1
)%
 
20.7
%
 
20.9
%
 
(0.2
)%
Medicaid
 
8.9
%
 
9.1
%
 
(0.2
)%
 
8.9
%
 
9.0
%
 
(0.1
)%
Managed care(2)
 
65.7
%
 
66.0
%
 
(0.3
)%
 
65.7
%
 
65.5
%
 
0.2
 %
Uninsured
 
0.3
%
 
0.2
%
 
0.1
 %
 
0.2
%
 
0.6
%
 
(0.4
)%
Indemnity and other
 
4.8
%
 
4.3
%
 
0.5
 %
 
4.5
%
 
4.0
%
 
0.5
 %
 
 
 
(1)
The change is the difference between the 2019 and 2018 percentages shown.
(2)
Includes Medicare and Medicaid managed care programs.

Our payer mix on an admissions basis for our hospitals and related outpatient facilities, expressed as a percentage of total admissions from all sources, is shown below:
 
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
Admissions from:
 
2019
 
2018
 
Increase
(Decrease)
(1)
 
2019
 
2018
 
Increase
(Decrease)
(1)
Medicare
 
24.8
%
 
25.3
%
 
(0.5
)%
 
25.5
%
 
26.1
%
 
(0.6
)%
Medicaid
 
6.1
%
 
6.2
%
 
(0.1
)%
 
6.1
%
 
6.2
%
 
(0.1
)%
Managed care(2)
 
60.3
%
 
59.8
%
 
0.5
 %
 
60.0
%
 
59.4
%
 
0.6
 %
Charity and uninsured
 
6.1
%
 
6.1
%
 
 %
 
5.8
%
 
5.7
%
 
0.1
 %
Indemnity and other
 
2.7
%
 
2.6
%
 
0.1
 %
 
2.6
%
 
2.6
%
 
 %
 
 
 
(1)
The change is the difference between the 2019 and 2018 percentages shown.
(2)
Includes Medicare and Medicaid managed care programs.

GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS
 
The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”), an agency of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (“HHS”), is the single largest payer of healthcare services in the United States. Approximately 60 million individuals rely on healthcare benefits through Medicare, and approximately 72 million individuals are enrolled in Medicaid and the Children’s Health Insurance Program (“CHIP”). These three programs are authorized by federal law and administered by CMS. Medicare is a federally funded health insurance program primarily for individuals 65 years of age and older, as well as some younger people with certain disabilities and conditions, and is provided without regard to income or assets. Medicaid is administered by the states and is jointly funded by the federal government and state governments. Medicaid is the nation’s main public health insurance program for people with low incomes and is the largest source of health coverage in the United States. The CHIP, which is also administered by the states and jointly funded, provides health coverage to children in families with incomes too high to qualify for Medicaid, but too low to afford private coverage. Unlike Medicaid, the CHIP is limited in duration and requires the enactment of reauthorizing legislation. During the three months ended March 31, 2018, separate pieces of legislation were enacted extending CHIP funding for a total of ten years from federal fiscal year (“FFY”) 2018 (which began on October 1, 2017) through FFY 2027.
 

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Medicare
 
Medicare offers its beneficiaries different ways to obtain their medical benefits. One option, the Original Medicare Plan (which includes “Part A” and “Part B”), is a fee-for-service payment system. The other option, called Medicare Advantage (sometimes called “Part C” or “MA Plans”), includes health maintenance organizations (“HMOs”), preferred provider organizations (“PPOs”), private fee-for-service Medicare special needs plans and Medicare medical savings account plans. The major components of our net patient service revenues from continuing operations of the hospitals and related outpatient facilities in our Hospital Operations and other segment for services provided to patients enrolled in the Original Medicare Plan for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 are set forth in the following table:
 
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
Revenue Descriptions
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Medicare severity-adjusted diagnosis-related group — operating
 
$
368

 
$
373

 
$
772

 
$
797

Medicare severity-adjusted diagnosis-related group — capital
 
32

 
34

 
68

 
72

Outliers
 
22

 
21

 
45

 
48

Outpatient
 
185

 
189

 
375

 
383

Disproportionate share
 
58

 
56

 
117

 
114

Other(1)
 
56

 
28

 
102

 
69

Total Medicare net patient service revenues
 
$
721

 
$
701

 
$
1,479

 
$
1,483

 
 
 
(1)

The other revenue category includes Medicare Direct Graduate Medical Education and Indirect Medical Education (“IME”) revenues, IME revenues earned by our children’s hospitals (one of which we divested in 2018) under the Children’s Hospitals Graduate Medical Education Payment Program administered by the Health Resources and Services Administration of HHS, inpatient psychiatric units, inpatient rehabilitation units, other revenue adjustments, and adjustments to the estimates for current and prior-year cost reports and related valuation allowances.

A general description of the types of payments we receive for services provided to patients enrolled in the Original Medicare Plan is provided in our Annual Report. Recent regulatory and legislative updates to the terms of these payment systems and their estimated effect on our revenues can be found under “Regulatory and Legislative Changes” below.

Medicaid

Medicaid programs and the corresponding reimbursement methodologies are administered by the states and vary from state to state and from year to year. Estimated revenues under various state Medicaid programs, including state-funded Medicaid managed care programs, constituted approximately 18.9% and 19.4% of total net patient service revenues less implicit price concessions of our acute care hospitals and related outpatient facilities for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. We also receive disproportionate share hospital (“DSH”) and other supplemental revenues under various state Medicaid programs. For the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, our total Medicaid revenues attributable to DSH and other supplemental revenues were approximately $414 million and $418 million, respectively. The 2019 period included $125 million related the Michigan provider fee program, $129 million from the California provider fee program, $80 million related to Medicaid DSH programs in multiple states, $69 million related to the Texas 1115 waiver program, and $11 million from a number of other state and local programs.

Several states in which we operate continue to face budgetary challenges that have resulted, and likely will continue to result, in reduced Medicaid funding levels to hospitals and other providers. Because most states must operate with balanced budgets, and the Medicaid program is generally a significant portion of a state’s budget, states can be expected to adopt or consider adopting future legislation designed to reduce or not increase their Medicaid expenditures. In addition, some states delay issuing Medicaid payments to providers to manage state expenditures. As an alternative means of funding provider payments, many of the states in which we operate have adopted provider fee programs or received waivers under Section 1115 of the Social Security Act. Under a Medicaid waiver, the federal government waives certain Medicaid requirements, thereby giving states flexibility in the operation of their Medicaid program to allow states to test new approaches and demonstration projects to improve care. Generally the Section 1115 waivers are approved for a period of five years with an option to extend the waiver for three additional years. Continuing pressure on state budgets and other factors could result in future reductions to Medicaid payments, payment delays or additional taxes on hospitals.

Because we cannot predict what actions the federal government or the states may take under existing legislation and future legislation to address budget gaps, deficits, Medicaid expansion, provider fee programs or Medicaid Section 1115 waivers, we are unable to assess the effect that any such legislation might have on our business, but the impact on our future financial position, results of operations or cash flows could be material.


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Medicaid and Managed Medicaid net patient service revenues from continuing operations recognized by the hospitals and related outpatient facilities in our Hospital Operations and other segment from Medicaid-related programs in the states in which our facilities are (or were, as the case may be) located, as well as from Medicaid programs in neighboring states, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 are set forth in the following table. These revenues are presented net of provider assessments, which are reported as an offset reduction to fee-for-service Medicaid revenue.
 
 
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
Hospital Location
 
 
2019
 
2018
Alabama
 
 
$
46

 
$
45

Arizona
 
 
72

 
78

California
 
 
441

 
433

Florida
 
 
111

 
122

Georgia
 
 

 
(1
)
Illinois
 
 
5

 
57

Massachusetts
 
 
44

 
46

Michigan
 
 
361

 
356

Pennsylvania
 
 

 
9

South Carolina
 
 
28

 
27

Tennessee
 
 
18

 
18

Texas
 
 
222

 
186

 
 
 
$
1,348

 
$
1,376


Medicaid and Managed Medicaid revenues comprised 47% and 53%, respectively, of our Medicaid-related net patient service revenues from continuing operations recognized by the hospitals and related outpatient facilities in our Hospital Operations and other segment for both the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

Regulatory and Legislative Changes
 
Material updates to the information set forth in our Annual Report about the Medicare and Medicaid payment systems are provided below.

Payment and Policy Changes to the Medicare Inpatient Prospective Payment Systems

Under Medicare law, CMS is required to annually update certain rules governing the inpatient prospective payment systems (“IPPS”). The updates generally become effective October 1, the beginning of the federal fiscal year. In August 2019, CMS issued Changes to the Hospital Inpatient Prospective Payment Systems for Acute Care Hospitals and Fiscal Year 2020 Rates (“Final IPPS Rule”). The Final IPPS Rule includes the following payment and policy changes:

A market basket increase of 3.0% for Medicare severity-adjusted diagnosis-related group (“MS-DRG”) operating payments for hospitals reporting specified quality measure data and that are meaningful users of electronic health record technology; CMS also finalized certain adjustments to the 3.0% market basket increase that result in a net operating payment update of 3.1% (before budget neutrality adjustments), including:

A multifactor productivity reduction required by the ACA of 0.4%; and

A 0.5% increase required under the Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act of 2015;

Updates to the three factors used to determine the amount and distribution of Medicare uncompensated care disproportionate share (“UC-DSH”) payments; in addition to adjusting the UC-DSH amounts, CMS will base the distribution of the FFY 2020 UC-DSH amounts on uncompensated care costs reported by hospitals in the 2015 cost reports, which reflects changes to the calculation of a hospital’s share of the UC-DSH amounts by: (1) removing low income days; and (2) using a single year of uncompensated care cost in lieu of the three-year averaging methodology used in recent years;

A 0.7% net increase in the capital federal MS-DRG rate;

An increase in the cost outlier threshold from $25,769 to $26,473; and

Changes in the calculation of the wage index areas that include:

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Increasing the wage index for hospitals with a wage index below the 25th percentile and applying a uniform budget neutrality factor to the IPPS base rates to offset the estimated increase in IPPS payments to hospitals with wage index values below the 25th percentile;

A refinement to the calculation of the “rural floor” wage index; and

A one-year stop-loss transition for a hospital that experiences a decline of greater than 5% in its wage index.

According to CMS, the combined impact of the payment and policy changes in the Final IPPS Rule for operating costs will yield an average 2.8% increase in Medicare operating MS-DRG fee-for-service (“FFS”) payments for hospitals in large urban areas (populations over one million), and an average 2.8% increase in operating MS-DRG FFS payments for proprietary hospitals in FFY 2020. We estimate that all of the payment and policy changes affecting operating MS-DRG payments, including those affecting Medicare UC-DSH amounts, will result in an estimated 1.4% increase in our annual Medicare FFS IPPS payments, which yields an estimated increase of approximately $28 million. Because of the uncertainty associated with various factors that may influence our future IPPS payments by individual hospital, including legislative, regulatory or legal actions, admission volumes, length of stay and case mix, we cannot provide any assurances regarding our estimate of the impact of the payment and policy changes.

Proposed Payment and Policy Changes to the Medicare Outpatient Prospective Payment and Ambulatory Surgery Center Payment Systems

On July 29, 2019, CMS released proposed policy changes and payment rates for the Hospital Outpatient Prospective Payment System (“OPPS”) and Ambulatory Surgical Center (“ASC”) Payment System for calendar year (“CY”) 2020 (“Proposed OPPS/ASC Rule”). The Proposed OPPS/ASC Rule includes the following payment and policy changes:

An estimated net increase of 2.7% for the OPPS rates based on an estimated market basket increase of 3.2% reduced by a multifactor productivity adjustment required by the ACA of 0.5%;

A continuation of the reduced payment amount for separately payable drugs acquired with a discount under CMS’ 340B program (“340B Drugs”) equal to a rate of average sales price (“ASP”) minus 22.5%; CMS is also soliciting comments on alternative payment policies for 340B Drugs, as well as the appropriate remedy for CYs 2018 and 2019, in the event that CMS does not prevail on appeal in the pending litigation discussed in greater detail below;

A prior authorization process for five categories of services;

A 2.7% increase to the ASC payment rates; and

Codification of and additional standards relating to the requirements that hospitals disclose prices, including negotiated prices for certain services.

CMS projects that the combined impact of the proposed payment and policy changes in the Proposed OPPS/ASC Rule will yield an average 2.0% increase in Medicare FFS OPPS payments for all hospitals, an average 1.9% increase in Medicare FFS OPPS payments for hospitals in large urban areas (populations over one million), and an average 3.0% increase in Medicare FFS OPPS payments for proprietary hospitals. Based on CMS’ estimates, the projected annual impact of the payment and policy changes in the Proposed OPPS/ASC Rule on our hospitals is an increase to Medicare FFS hospital outpatient revenues of approximately $15 million, which represents an increase of approximately 2.4%. Because of the uncertainty associated with various factors that may influence our future OPPS payments, including legislative or legal actions, volumes and case mix, as well as potential changes to the proposals, we cannot provide any assurances regarding our estimate of the impact of the proposed payment and policy changes.

Proposed Payment and Policy Changes to the Medicare Physician Fee Schedule

On July 29, 2019, CMS issued a proposed rule that includes updates to payment policies, payment rates, quality provisions and other policies for services reimbursed under the Medicare Physician Fee Schedule (“MPFS”) for CY 2020. With the budget neutrality adjustment to account for changes in the relative value units required by law, the final MPFS conversion factor for 2020 will increase by approximately 0.14%. CMS estimates that the impact of the proposed payment and policy changes in the final rule will result in no change in aggregate FFS MPFS payments across all specialties.

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Significant Litigation

340B Litigation

The 340B program allows certain hospitals (i.e., only nonprofit organizations with specific federal designations and/or funding) to purchase separately payable drugs at discounted rates from drug manufacturers. In the final rule regarding OPPS payment and policy changes for CY 2018, CMS reduced the payment for 340B Drugs from average sale price plus 6% to ASP minus 22.5% and made a corresponding budget-neutral increase to payments to all hospitals for other drugs and services reimbursed under the OPPS (the “340B Payment Adjustment”). In the final rule regarding OPPS payment and policy changes for CY 2019 (“CY 2019 OPPS Final Rule”), CMS continued the 340B Payment Adjustment. Certain hospital associations and hospitals commenced litigation challenging CMS’ authority to impose the 340B Payment Adjustment for CYs 2018 and 2019. During the three months ended June 30, 2019, the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia (the “District Court”) held that the adoption of the 340B Payment Adjustment in the CY 2019 OPPS Final Rule exceeded CMS’ statutory authority. This holding followed the District Court’s December 2018 conclusion that HHS exceeded its statutory authority in reducing the CY 2018 OPPS for the 340B Payment Adjustment. The District Court did not grant a permanent injunction to the 340B Payment Adjustment, nor did it vacate the 2018 and 2019 rules. Also during the three months ended June 30, 2019, the District Court issued a Memorandum Opinion granting HHS’ motion for entry of final judgment, thus allowing HHS to proceed with a pending appeal of the District Court’s rulings at the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (the “Circuit Court”). We cannot predict the ultimate outcome of the 340B litigation; however, CMS’ remedy and/or an unfavorable outcome of the litigation could have an adverse effect on the Company’s net revenues and cash flows.

Medicare Disproportionate Share Hospital Litigation

Medicare makes additional payments to hospitals that treat a disproportionately high share of low-income patients, Prior to October 1, 2013, DSH payments were based on each hospital’s low income utilization for each payment year (the “Pre-ACA DSH Formula”). In the final rule regarding IPPS payment and policy changes for FFY 2005, CMS revised its policy on the calculation of one of the ratios used in the Pre-ACA DSH Formula. A group of hospitals challenged the policy change claiming that CMS failed to provide adequate notice and a comment period. The District Court vacated the rule. CMS appealed the ruling, and the Circuit Court affirmed the District Court’s decision. Since then, CMS has continued to use the vacated policy and was again met with legal challenges. In 2019, the U.S. Supreme Court (“SCOTUS”) upheld the Circuit Court’s decision that CMS’ continued use of the vacated policy is not legal. Although the SCOTUS decision applies only to the 2012 ratios for the plaintiff hospitals, it establishes a precedent that we believe will result in a favorable outcome in our pending Medicare DSH appeals for 2005-2013; however, we cannot predict the timing or outcome of our appeals or when and how CMS will implement the SCOTUS decision. A favorable outcome of our DSH appeals could have a material impact on our future revenues and cash flows.
 
PRIVATE INSURANCE

Managed Care

We currently have thousands of managed care contracts with various HMOs and PPOs. HMOs generally maintain a full-service healthcare delivery network comprised of physician, hospital, pharmacy and ancillary service providers that HMO members must access through an assigned “primary care” physician. The member’s care is then managed by his or her primary care physician and other network providers in accordance with the HMO’s quality assurance and utilization review guidelines so that appropriate healthcare can be efficiently delivered in the most cost-effective manner. HMOs typically provide reduced benefits or reimbursement (or none at all) to their members who use non-contracted healthcare providers for non-emergency care.

PPOs generally offer limited benefits to members who use non-contracted healthcare providers. PPO members who use contracted healthcare providers receive a preferred benefit, typically in the form of lower co-pays, co-insurance or deductibles. As employers and employees have demanded more choice, managed care plans have developed hybrid products that combine elements of both HMO and PPO plans, including high-deductible healthcare plans that may have limited benefits, but cost the employee less in premiums.

The amount of our managed care net patient service revenues, including Medicare and Medicaid managed care programs, from our hospitals and related outpatient facilities during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 was $4.684 billion and $4.641 billion, respectively. Our top ten managed care payers generated 62% of our managed care net patient service revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2019. National payers generated 43% of our managed care net patient

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service revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2019. The remainder comes from regional or local payers. At June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, 62% and 61%, respectively, of our net accounts receivable for our Hospital Operations and other segment were due from managed care payers.

Revenues under managed care plans are based primarily on payment terms involving predetermined rates per diagnosis, per-diem rates, discounted fee-for-service rates and/or other similar contractual arrangements. These revenues are also subject to review and possible audit by the payers, which can take several years before they are completely resolved. The payers are billed for patient services on an individual patient basis. An individual patient’s bill is subject to adjustment on a patient-by-patient basis in the ordinary course of business by the payers following their review and adjudication of each particular bill. We estimate the discounts for contractual allowances at the individual hospital level utilizing billing data on an individual patient basis. At the end of each month, on an individual hospital basis, we estimate our expected reimbursement for patients of managed care plans based on the applicable contract terms. We believe it is reasonably likely for there to be an approximately 3% increase or decrease in the estimated contractual allowances related to managed care plans. Based on reserves at June 30, 2019, a 3% increase or decrease in the estimated contractual allowance would impact the estimated reserves by approximately $15 million. Some of the factors that can contribute to changes in the contractual allowance estimates include: (1) changes in reimbursement levels for procedures, supplies and drugs when threshold levels are triggered; (2) changes in reimbursement levels when stop-loss or outlier limits are reached; (3) changes in the admission status of a patient due to physician orders subsequent to initial diagnosis or testing; (4) final coding of in-house and discharged-not-final-billed patients that change reimbursement levels; (5) secondary benefits determined after primary insurance payments; and (6) reclassification of patients among insurance plans with different coverage and payment levels. Contractual allowance estimates are periodically reviewed for accuracy by taking into consideration known contract terms, as well as payment history. We believe our estimation and review process enables us to identify instances on a timely basis where such estimates need to be revised. We do not believe there were any adjustments to estimates of patient bills that were material to our revenues. In addition, on a corporate-wide basis, we do not record any general provision for adjustments to estimated contractual allowances for managed care plans. Managed care accounts, net of contractual allowances recorded, are further reduced to their net realizable value through implicit price concessions based on historical collection trends for these payers and other factors that affect the estimation process.

We expect managed care governmental admissions to continue to increase as a percentage of total managed care admissions over the near term. However, the managed Medicare and Medicaid insurance plans typically generate lower yields than commercial managed care plans, which have been experiencing an improved pricing trend. Although we have benefited from solid year-over-year aggregate managed care pricing improvements for several years, we have seen these improvements moderate in recent years, and we believe the moderation could continue in future years. In the six months ended June 30, 2019, our commercial managed care net inpatient revenue per admission from the hospitals and related outpatient facilities in our Hospital Operations and other segment was approximately 96% higher than our aggregate yield on a per admission basis from government payers, including managed Medicare and Medicaid insurance plans.

Indemnity

An indemnity-based agreement generally requires the insurer to reimburse an insured patient for healthcare expenses after those expenses have been incurred by the patient, subject to policy conditions and exclusions. Unlike an HMO member, a patient with indemnity insurance is free to control his or her utilization of healthcare and selection of healthcare providers.

UNINSURED PATIENTS

Uninsured patients are patients who do not qualify for government programs payments, such as Medicare and Medicaid, do not have some form of private insurance and, therefore, are responsible for their own medical bills. A significant number of our uninsured patients are admitted through our hospitals’ emergency departments and often require high-acuity treatment that is more costly to provide and, therefore, results in higher billings, which are the least collectible of all accounts.

Self-pay accounts receivable, which include amounts due from uninsured patients, as well as co-pays, co-insurance amounts and deductibles owed to us by patients with insurance, pose significant collectability problems. At both June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, approximately 6% of our net accounts receivable for our Hospital Operations and other segment was self-pay. Further, a significant portion of our implicit price concessions relates to self-pay amounts. We provide revenue cycle management services through Conifer, which is subject to various statutes and regulations regarding consumer protection in areas including finance, debt collection and credit reporting activities. For additional information, see Item 1, Business — Regulations Affecting Conifer’s Operations, of Part I of our Annual Report.


39

Table of Contents

Conifer has performed systematic analyses to focus our attention on the drivers of bad debt expense for each hospital. While emergency department use is the primary contributor to our implicit price concessions in the aggregate, this is not the case at all hospitals. As a result, we have increased our focus on targeted initiatives that concentrate on non-emergency department patients as well. These initiatives are intended to promote process efficiencies in collecting self‑pay accounts, as well as co-pay, co-insurance and deductible amounts owed to us by patients with insurance, that we deem highly collectible. We leverage a statistical-based collections model that aligns our operational capacity to maximize our collections performance. We are dedicated to modifying and refining our processes as needed, enhancing our technology and improving staff training throughout the revenue cycle process in an effort to increase collections and reduce accounts receivable.

Over the longer term, several other initiatives we have previously announced should also help address this challenge. For example, our Compact with Uninsured Patients (“Compact”) is designed to offer managed care-style discounts to certain uninsured patients, which enables us to offer lower rates to those patients who historically had been charged standard gross charges. Under the Compact, the discount offered to uninsured patients is recognized as a contractual allowance, which reduces net operating revenues at the time the self-pay accounts are recorded. The uninsured patient accounts, net of contractual allowances recorded, are further reduced to their net realizable value through implicit price concessions based on historical collection trends for self-pay accounts and other factors that affect the estimation process.

We also provide financial assistance through our charity and uninsured discount programs to uninsured patients who are unable to pay for the healthcare services they receive. Our policy is not to pursue collection of amounts determined to qualify for financial assistance; therefore, we do not report these amounts in net operating revenues. Most states include an estimate of the cost of charity care in the determination of a hospital’s eligibility for Medicaid DSH payments. These payments are intended to mitigate our cost of uncompensated care. Some states have also developed provider fee or other supplemental payment programs to mitigate the shortfall of Medicaid reimbursement compared to the cost of caring for Medicaid patients.

    The following table shows our estimated costs (based on selected operating expenses, which include salaries, wages and benefits, supplies and other operating expenses and which exclude the costs of our health plan businesses) of caring for our uninsured and charity patients in the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:
 
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Estimated costs for:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Uninsured patients
 
$
164

 
$
159

 
$
322

 
$
305

Charity care patients
 
41

 
28

 
75

 
63

Total
 
$
205

 
$
187

 
$
397

 
$
368



40

Table of Contents

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
The following two tables summarize our consolidated net operating revenues, operating expenses and operating income from continuing operations, both in dollar amounts and as percentages of net operating revenues, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018
 
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Net operating revenues:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Hospital Operations and other
 
$
3,827

 
$
3,733

 
$
7,689

 
$
7,680

Ambulatory Care
 
524

 
531

 
1,004

 
1,029

Conifer
 
355

 
386

 
704

 
790

Inter-segment eliminations
 
(146
)
 
(144
)
 
(292
)
 
(294
)
Net operating revenues 
 
4,560

 
4,506

 
9,105

 
9,205

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates
 
42

 
39

 
76

 
64

Operating expenses:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Salaries, wages and benefits
 
2,148

 
2,135

 
4,301

 
4,362

Supplies
 
753

 
748

 
1,494

 
1,522

Other operating expenses, net
 
1,044

 
1,027

 
2,118

 
2,087

Electronic health record incentives
 

 

 
(1
)
 
(1
)
Depreciation and amortization
 
214

 
194

 
422

 
398

Impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costs
 
36

 
30

 
55

 
77

Litigation and investigation costs
 
18

 
13

 
31

 
19

Net losses (gains) on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities
 
1

 
(8
)
 
2

 
(118
)
Operating income
 
$
388

 
$
406

 
$
759

 
$
923

 
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Net operating revenues
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
 %
 
100.0
 %
 
100.0
 %
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates
 
0.9
%
 
0.9
 %
 
0.8
 %
 
0.7
 %
Operating expenses:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Salaries, wages and benefits
 
47.1
%
 
47.4
 %
 
47.3
 %
 
47.5
 %
Supplies
 
16.5
%
 
16.6
 %
 
16.4
 %
 
16.5
 %
Other operating expenses, net
 
22.9
%
 
22.8
 %
 
23.3
 %
 
22.7
 %
Electronic health record incentives
 
%
 
 %
 
 %
 
 %
Depreciation and amortization
 
4.7
%
 
4.3
 %
 
4.6
 %
 
4.3
 %
Impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costs
 
0.8
%
 
0.7
 %
 
0.6
 %
 
0.8
 %
Litigation and investigation costs
 
0.4
%
 
0.3
 %
 
0.3
 %
 
0.2
 %
Net losses (gains) on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities
 
%
 
(0.2
)%
 
 %
 
(1.3
)%
Operating income
 
8.5
%
 
9.0
 %
 
8.3
 %
 
10.0
 %
 
Total net operating revenues increased by $54 million, or 1.2%, and decreased by $100 million, or 1.1%, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively. Hospital Operations and other net operating revenues increased by $92 million and $11 million, or 2.6% and 0.1%, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively, primarily due to improved inpatient volumes, a favorable change in payer mix, increased acuity and improved managed care pricing. Ambulatory Care net operating revenues decreased by $7 million and $25 million, or 1.3% and 2.4%, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively. The changes in 2019 revenues were driven by decreases of $47 million and $96 million due to the sale of Aspen and decreases of $16 million and $31 million due to the deconsolidation of a facility, partially offset by increases in same-facility net operating revenues of $27 million and $48 million and increases from acquisitions of $29 million and $54 million, in each case, for the three and six month periods, respectively. Conifer net operating revenues decreased by $31 million and $86 million, or 8.0% and 10.9%, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively. Conifer revenues from third-party customers, which are not eliminated in consolidation, decreased $33 million and $84 million, or 13.6% and 16.9%, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively. Conifer revenues from third-party customers were negatively impacted by contract terminations related to the sales of customer hospitals.


41


The following table shows selected operating expenses of our three reportable business segments. Information for our Hospital Operations and other segment is presented on a same-hospital basis, which includes the results of our same 65 hospitals operated throughout the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. Our same-hospital information excludes the results of two Philadelphia-area hospitals, which we divested effective January 11, 2018, MacNeal Hospital, which we divested effective March 1, 2018, Des Peres Hospital, which we divested effective May 1, 2018, and three Chicago-area hospitals, which we divested effective January 28, 2019.
 
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
Selected Operating Expenses
 
2019
 
2018
 
Increase
(Decrease)
 
2019
 
2018
 
Increase
(Decrease)
Hospital Operations and other — Same-Hospital
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Salaries, wages and benefits
 
$
1,805

 
$
1,706

 
5.8
 %
 
$
3,603

 
$
3,452

 
4.4
 %
Supplies
 
644

 
623

 
3.4
 %
 
1,281

 
1,254

 
2.2
 %
Other operating expenses
 
891

 
807

 
10.4
 %
 
1,809

 
1,613

 
12.2
 %
Total
 
$
3,340

 
$
3,136

 
6.5
 %
 
$
6,693

 
$
6,319

 
5.9
 %
Ambulatory Care
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Salaries, wages and benefits
 
$
157

 
$
165

 
(4.8
)%
 
$
310

 
$
327

 
(5.2
)%
Supplies
 
108

 
106

 
1.9
 %
 
207

 
212

 
(2.4
)%
Other operating expenses
 
86

 
95

 
(9.5
)%
 
168

 
187

 
(10.2
)%
Total
 
$
351

 
$
366

 
(4.1
)%
 
$
685

 
$
726

 
(5.6
)%
Conifer
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Salaries, wages and benefits
 
$
187

 
$
214

 
(12.6
)%
 
$
372

 
$
439

 
(15.3
)%
Supplies
 
1

 
1

 
 %
 
2

 
3

 
(33.3
)%
Other operating expenses
 
64

 
80

 
(20.0
)%
 
128

 
159

 
(19.5
)%
Total
 
$
252

 
$
295

 
(14.6
)%
 
$
502

 
$
601

 
(16.5
)%
Total
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Salaries, wages and benefits
 
$
2,149

 
$
2,085

 
3.1
 %
 
$
4,285

 
$
4,218

 
1.6
 %
Supplies
 
753

 
730

 
3.2
 %
 
1,490

 
1,469

 
1.4
 %
Other operating expenses
 
1,041

 
982

 
6.0
 %
 
2,105

 
1,959

 
7.5
 %
Total
 
$
3,943

 
$
3,797

 
3.8
 %
 
$
7,880

 
$
7,646

 
3.1
 %
Rent/lease expense(1)
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Hospital Operations and other
 
$
59

 
$
54

 
9.3
 %
 
$
118

 
$
110

 
7.3
 %
Ambulatory Care
 
21

 
20

 
5.0
 %
 
41

 
40

 
2.5
 %
Conifer
 
3

 
5

 
(40.0
)%
 
6

 
9

 
(33.3
)%
Total
 
$
83

 
$
79

 
5.1
 %
 
$
165

 
$
159

 
3.8
 %
 
 
 
(1)
 Included in other operating expenses.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS BY SEGMENT
 
Our operations are reported in three segments:
Hospital Operations and other, which is comprised of our acute care and specialty hospitals, ancillary outpatient facilities, urgent care centers, microhospitals and physician practices.
Ambulatory Care, which is comprised of USPI’s ambulatory surgery centers, urgent care centers, imaging centers and surgical hospitals (and also included nine facilities in the United Kingdom until we divested Aspen effective August 17, 2018).
Conifer, which provides healthcare business process services in the areas of hospital and physician revenue cycle management and value-based care solutions to healthcare systems, as well as individual hospitals, physician practices, self-insured organizations, health plans and other entities.
 

42


Hospital Operations and Other Segment
 
The following tables show operating statistics of our continuing operations hospitals and related outpatient facilities on a same-hospital basis, unless otherwise indicated, which includes the results of our same 65 hospitals operated throughout the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. Our same-hospital information excludes the results of two Philadelphia-area hospitals, which we divested effective January 11, 2018, MacNeal Hospital, which we divested effective March 1, 2018, Des Peres Hospital, which we divested effective May 1, 2018, and three Chicago-area hospitals, which we divested effective January 28, 2019.
 
 
Same-Hospital
Continuing Operations
 
Same-Hospital
Continuing Operations
 
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
Admissions, Patient Days and Surgeries
 
2019
 
2018
 
Increase
(Decrease)
 
2019
 
2018
 
Increase
(Decrease)
Number of hospitals (at end of period)
 
65

 
65

 

(1)
 
65

 
65

 

(1)
Total admissions
 
169,352

 
163,903

 
3.3
 %
 
 
342,822

 
337,587

 
1.6
 %
 
Adjusted patient admissions(2)
 
304,066

 
297,460

 
2.2
 %
 
 
609,937

 
601,605

 
1.4
 %
 
Paying admissions (excludes charity and uninsured)
 
159,129

 
153,816

 
3.5
 %
 
 
322,761

 
318,055

 
1.5
 %
 
Charity and uninsured admissions
 
10,223

 
10,087

 
1.3
 %
 
 
20,061

 
19,532

 
2.7
 %
 
Admissions through emergency department
 
121,088

 
111,902

 
8.2
 %
 
 
246,316

 
231,859

 
6.2
 %
 
Paying admissions as a percentage of total admissions
 
94.0
%
 
93.8
%
 
0.2
 %
(1)
 
94.1
%
 
94.2
%
 
(0.1
)%
(1)
Charity and uninsured admissions as a percentage of total admissions
 
6.0
%
 
6.2
%
 
(0.2
)%
(1)
 
5.9
%
 
5.8
%
 
0.1
 %
(1)
Emergency department admissions as a percentage of total admissions
 
71.5
%
 
68.3
%
 
3.2
 %
(1)
 
71.8
%
 
68.7
%
 
3.1
 %
(1)
Surgeries — inpatient
 
44,641

 
45,191

 
(1.2
)%
 
 
89,194

 
90,243

 
(1.2
)%
 
Surgeries — outpatient
 
60,936

 
62,205

 
(2.0
)%
 
 
118,832

 
121,925

 
(2.5
)%
 
Total surgeries
 
105,577

 
107,396

 
(1.7
)%
 
 
208,026

 
212,168

 
(2.0
)%
 
Patient days — total
 
787,582

 
743,442

 
5.9
 %
 
 
1,602,911

 
1,560,442

 
2.7
 %
 
Adjusted patient days(2)
 
1,387,929

 
1,329,915

 
4.4
 %
 
 
2,795,982

 
2,735,483

 
2.2
 %
 
Average length of stay (days)
 
4.65

 
4.54

 
2.4
 %
 
 
4.68

 
4.62

 
1.3
 %
 
Licensed beds (at end of period)
 
17,221

 
17,246

 
(0.1
)%
 
 
17,221

 
17,246

 
(0.1
)%
 
Average licensed beds
 
17,221

 
17,246

 
(0.1
)%
 
 
17,221

 
17,246

 
(0.1
)%
 
Utilization of licensed beds(3)
 
50.3
%
 
47.4
%
 
2.9
 %
(1)
 
51.4
%
 
50.0
%
 
1.4
 %
(1)
 
 
 
(1)
The change is the difference between 2019 and 2018 amounts shown.
(2)
Adjusted patient admissions/days represents actual patient admissions/days adjusted to include outpatient services provided by facilities in our Hospital Operations and other segment by multiplying actual patient admissions/days by the sum of gross inpatient revenues and outpatient revenues and dividing the results by gross inpatient revenues.
(3)
Utilization of licensed beds represents patient days divided by number of days in the period divided by average licensed beds.
 
 
Same-Hospital
Continuing Operations
 
Same-Hospital
Continuing Operations
 
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
Outpatient Visits
 
2019
 
2018
 
Increase
(Decrease)
 
2019
 
2018
 
Increase
(Decrease)
Total visits
 
1,693,805

 
1,673,056

 
1.2
 %
 
 
3,380,669

 
3,389,952

 
(0.3
)%
 
Paying visits (excludes charity and uninsured)
 
1,581,555

 
1,560,950

 
1.3
 %
 
 
3,159,190

 
3,168,144

 
(0.3
)%
 
Charity and uninsured visits
 
112,250

 
112,106

 
0.1
 %
 
 
221,479

 
221,808

 
(0.1
)%
 
Emergency department visits
 
637,107

 
622,898

 
2.3
 %
 
 
1,288,959

 
1,286,620

 
0.2
 %
 
Surgery visits
 
60,936

 
62,205

 
(2.0
)%
 
 
118,832

 
121,925

 
(2.5
)%
 
Paying visits as a percentage of total visits
 
93.4
%
 
93.3
%
 
0.1
 %
(1) 
 
93.4
%
 
93.5
%
 
(0.1
)%
(1) 
Charity and uninsured visits as a percentage of total visits
 
6.6
%
 
6.7
%
 
(0.1
)%
(1) 
 
6.6
%
 
6.5
%
 
0.1
 %
(1) 
 
 
 
(1)
The change is the difference between 2019 and 2018 amounts shown.

43


 
 
Same-Hospital
Continuing Operations
 
Same-Hospital
Continuing Operations
 
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
Revenues
 
2019
 
2018
 
Increase
(Decrease)
 
2019
 
2018
 
Increase
(Decrease)
Total segment net operating revenues(1)
 
$
3,681

 
$
3,477

 
5.9
%
 
$
7,371

 
$
7,077

 
4.2
%
Selected revenue data – hospitals and related outpatient facilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net patient service revenues(1)(2)
 
$
3,547

 
$
3,357

 
5.7
%
 
$
7,104

 
$
6,850

 
3.7
%
Net patient service revenue per adjusted patient admission(1)(2)
 
$
11,665

 
$
11,286

 
3.4
%
 
$
11,647

 
$
11,386

 
2.3
%
Net patient service revenue per adjusted patient day(1)(2)
 
$
2,556

 
$
2,524

 
1.3
%
 
$
2,541

 
$
2,504

 
1.5
%
 
 
 
(1)
Revenues are net of implicit price concessions.
(2)
Adjusted patient admissions/days represents actual patient admissions/days adjusted to include outpatient services provided by facilities in our Hospital Operations and other segment by multiplying actual patient admissions/days by the sum of gross inpatient revenues and outpatient revenues and dividing the results by gross inpatient revenues.
 
 
Same-Hospital
Continuing Operations
 
Same-Hospital
Continuing Operations
 
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
Total Segment Selected Operating Expenses
 
2019
 
2018
 
Increase
(Decrease)
 
2019
 
2018
 
Increase
(Decrease)
Salaries, wages and benefits as a percentage of net operating revenues
 
49.0
%
 
49.1
%
 
(0.1
)%
(1)
 
48.9
%
 
48.8
%
 
0.1
 %
(1
)
Supplies as a percentage of net operating revenues
 
17.5
%
 
17.9
%
 
(0.4
)%
(1)
 
17.4
%
 
17.7
%
 
(0.3
)%
(1
)
Other operating expenses as a percentage of net operating revenues
 
24.2
%
 
23.2
%
 
1.0
 %
(1)
 
24.5
%
 
22.8
%
 
1.7
 %
(1
)
 
 
 
(1)
The change is the difference between 2019 and 2018 amounts shown.
    
Revenues

Same-hospital net operating revenues increased $204 million, or 5.9%, during the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018, primarily due to improved volumes, a favorable change in payer mix, increased acuity and improved terms of our managed care contracts. Same-hospital admissions increased 3.3% in the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018. Same-hospital outpatient visits increased 1.2% in the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the prior-year period.

Same-hospital net operating revenues increased $294 million, or 4.2%, during the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018, primarily due to improved volumes, a favorable change in payer mix, increased acuity and improved terms of our managed care contracts. Same-hospital admissions increased 1.6% in the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018. Same-hospital outpatient visits decreased 0.3% in the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the prior-year period.


44


The following table shows the consolidated net accounts receivable by payer at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Medicare
 
$
218

 
$
229

Medicaid
 
74

 
74

Net cost report settlements receivable and valuation allowances
 
49

 
18

Managed care
 
1,579

 
1,467

Self-pay uninsured
 
37

 
47

Self-pay balance after insurance
 
112

 
94

Estimated future recoveries
 
157

 
148

Other payers
 
318

 
325

Total Hospital Operations and other
 
2,544

 
2,402

Ambulatory Care
 
188

 
191

Total discontinued operations
 
2

 
2

 
 
$
2,734

 
$
2,595


When we have an unconditional right to payment, subject only to the passage of time, the right is treated as a receivable. Patient accounts receivable, including billed accounts and certain unbilled accounts, as well as estimated amounts due from third-party payers for retroactive adjustments, are receivables if our right to consideration is unconditional and only the passage of time is required before payment of that consideration is due. Estimated uncollectable amounts are generally considered implicit price concessions that are a direct reduction to patient accounts receivable rather than allowance for doubtful accounts. Amounts related to services provided to patients for which we have not billed and that do not meet the conditions of unconditional right to payment at the end of the reporting period are contract assets. For our Hospital Operations and other segment, our contract assets consist primarily of services that we have provided to patients who are still receiving inpatient care in our facilities at the end of the reporting period. Our Hospital Operations and other segment’s contract assets are included in other current assets in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at June 30, 2019.

Collection of accounts receivable has been a key area of focus, particularly over the past several years. At June 30, 2019, our Hospital Operations and other segment collection rate on self-pay accounts was approximately 23.4%. Our self-pay collection rate includes payments made by patients, including co-pays, co-insurance amounts and deductibles paid by patients with insurance. Based on our accounts receivable from uninsured patients and co-pays, co-insurance amounts and deductibles owed to us by patients with insurance at June 30, 2019, a 10% decrease or increase in our self-pay collection rate, or approximately 2%, which we believe could be a reasonably likely change, would result in an unfavorable or favorable adjustment to patient accounts receivable of approximately $9 million. There are various factors that can impact collection trends, such as changes in the economy, which in turn have an impact on unemployment rates and the number of uninsured and underinsured patients, the volume of patients through our emergency departments, the increased burden of co-pays and deductibles to be made by patients with insurance, and business practices related to collection efforts. These factors continuously change and can have an impact on collection trends and our estimation process.

Payment pressure from managed care payers also affects the collectability of our accounts receivable. We typically experience ongoing managed care payment delays and disputes; however, we continue to work with these payers to obtain adequate and timely reimbursement for our services. Our estimated Hospital Operations and other segment collection rate from managed care payers was approximately 98.1% at June 30, 2019.
 
We manage our implicit price concessions using hospital-specific goals and benchmarks such as (1) total cash collections, (2) point-of-service cash collections, (3) AR Days and (4) accounts receivable by aging category. The following tables present the approximate aging by payer of our net accounts receivable from the continuing operations of our Hospital Operations and other segment of $2.495 billion and $2.384 billion at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, excluding cost report settlements receivable and valuation allowances of $49 million and $18 million, respectively, at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
 
Medicare
 
Medicaid
 
Managed
Care
 
Indemnity,
Self-Pay
and Other
 
Total
0-60 days
 
89
%
 
56
%
 
57
%
 
23
%
 
52
%
61-120 days
 
5
%
 
21
%
 
17
%
 
15
%
 
16
%
121-180 days
 
3
%
 
9
%
 
10
%
 
10
%
 
9
%
Over 180 days
 
3
%
 
14
%
 
16
%
 
52
%
 
23
%
Total 
 
100
%
 
100
%
 
100
%
 
100
%
 
100
%
 

45


 
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
Medicare
 
Medicaid
 
Managed
Care
 
Indemnity,
Self-Pay
and Other
 
Total
0-60 days
 
89
%
 
51
%
 
60
%
 
29
%
 
56
%
61-120 days
 
6
%
 
24
%
 
14
%
 
18
%
 
15
%
121-180 days
 
2
%
 
10
%
 
8
%
 
11
%
 
8
%
Over 180 days
 
3
%
 
15
%
 
18
%
 
42
%
 
21
%
Total 
 
100
%
 
100
%
 
100
%
 
100
%
 
100
%
 
Conifer continues to implement revenue cycle initiatives to improve our cash flow. These initiatives are focused on standardizing and improving patient access processes, including pre-registration, registration, verification of eligibility and benefits, liability identification and collections at point-of-service, and financial counseling. These initiatives are intended to reduce denials, improve service levels to patients and increase the quality of accounts that end up in accounts receivable. Although we continue to focus on improving our methodology for evaluating the collectability of our accounts receivable, we may incur future charges if there are unfavorable changes in the trends affecting the net realizable value of our accounts receivable.

At June 30, 2019, we had a cumulative total of patient account assignments to Conifer of approximately $2.6 billion related to our continuing operations. These accounts have already been written off and are not included in our receivables or in the allowance for doubtful accounts; however, an estimate of future recoveries from all the accounts assigned to Conifer is determined based on our historical experience and recorded in accounts receivable. 
    
Patient advocates from Conifer’s Medicaid Eligibility Program (“MEP”) screen patients in the hospital to determine whether those patients meet eligibility requirements for financial assistance programs. They also expedite the process of applying for these government programs. Receivables from patients who are potentially eligible for Medicaid are classified as Medicaid pending, under the MEP, with appropriate contractual allowances recorded. Based on recent trends, approximately 96% of all accounts in the MEP are ultimately approved for benefits under a government program, such as Medicaid. The following table shows the approximate amount of accounts receivable in the MEP still awaiting determination of eligibility under a government program at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 by aging category for the hospitals currently in the program:
 
 
June 30,
 
December 31,
 
 
2019
 
2018
0-60 days 
 
$
75

 
$
72

61-120 days
 
8

 
16

121-180 days
 
3

 
3

Over 180 days
 
4

 
5

Total 
 
$
90

 
$
96


Salaries, Wages and Benefits
 
Same-hospital salaries, wages and benefits as a percentage of net operating revenues decreased by 10 basis points to 49.0% in the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018. The change was primarily due to annual merit increases for certain of our employees and increased workers’ compensation costs as a result of favorable experience in the prior-year period, offset by an increase in same-hospital net operating revenues and the impact of previously announced workforce reductions as part of our enterprise-wide cost reduction initiatives. Salaries, wages and benefits expense for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 included stock-based compensation expense of $10 million and $8 million, respectively.
 
Same-hospital salaries, wages and benefits as a percentage of net operating revenues increased by 10 basis points to 48.9% in the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018. The change was primarily due to annual merit increases for certain of our employees and increased workers’ compensation costs as a result of favorable experience in the prior-year period, offset by an increase in same-hospital net operating revenues and the impact of previously announced workforce reductions as part of our enterprise-wide cost reduction initiatives. Salaries, wages and benefits expense for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 included stock-based compensation expense of $16 million and $13 million, respectively.


46


Supplies
 
Same-hospital supplies expense as a percentage of net operating revenues decreased by 40 basis points to 17.5% in the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018. Same-hospital supplies expense as a percentage of net operating revenues decreased by 30 basis points to 17.4% in the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018. Supplies expense was impacted by the benefits of the group-purchasing strategies and supplies-management services we utilize to reduce costs, partially offset by increased costs from certain higher acuity supply-intensive surgical services.

We strive to control supplies expense through product standardization, consistent contract terms and end-to-end contract management, improved utilization, bulk purchases, focused spending with a smaller number of vendors and operational improvements. The items of current cost reduction focus continue to be cardiac stents and pacemakers, orthopedics, implants, and high-cost pharmaceuticals.

Other Operating Expenses, Net
 
Same-hospital other operating expenses as a percentage of net operating revenues increased by 100 basis points to 24.2% in the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to 23.2% in the same period in 2018. Same-hospital other operating expenses increased by $84 million, or 10.4%, for the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. The changes in other operating expenses included:

increased medical fees of $17 million;

increased software costs of $13 million;

increased legal and consulting fees of $13 million;

increased expenses of $6 million related to our risk contracting business in California; and

increased malpractice expense of $5 million.
 
Same-hospital malpractice expense in the 2019 period included an unfavorable adjustment of approximately $10 million from a 44 basis point decrease in the interest rate used to estimate the discounted present value of projected future malpractice liabilities. In the 2018 period, we recognized a favorable adjustment of approximately $3 million from a 13 basis point increase in the discounted present value of projected future malpractice liabilities.

Same-hospital other operating expenses as a percentage of net operating revenues increased by 170 basis points to 24.5% in the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to 22.8% in the same period in 2018. Same-hospital other operating expenses increased by $196 million, or 12.2%, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. The changes in other operating expenses included:

increased malpractice expense of $47 million;

increased medical fees of $42 million;

increased software costs of $20 million;

increased expenses of $18 million related to our risk contracting business in California; and

increased legal and consulting fees of $11 million.
 
Same-hospital malpractice expense in the 2019 period included an unfavorable adjustment of approximately $17 million from a 72 basis point decrease in the interest rate used to estimate the discounted present value of projected future malpractice liabilities. In the 2018 period, we recognized a favorable adjustment of approximately $13 million from a 48 basis point increase in the discounted present value of projected future malpractice liabilities.


47


Ambulatory Care Segment
 
Our Ambulatory Care segment is comprised of USPI’s ambulatory surgery centers, urgent care centers, imaging centers and surgical hospitals. Our Ambulatory Care segment also included nine facilities in the United Kingdom until we divested Aspen effective August 17, 2018. USPI operates its surgical facilities in partnership with local physicians and, in many of these facilities, a healthcare system partner. We hold an ownership interest in each facility, with each being operated through a separate legal entity in most cases. USPI operates facilities on a day-to-day basis through management services contracts. Our sources of earnings from each facility consist of:
management services revenues, computed as a percentage of each facility’s net revenues (often net of implicit price concessions); and
our share of each facility’s net income (loss), which is computed by multiplying the facility’s net income (loss) times the percentage of each facility’s equity interests owned by USPI.
 
Our role as an owner and day-to-day manager provides us with significant influence over the operations of each facility. For many of the facilities our Ambulatory Care segment operates (112 of 344 facilities at June 30, 2019), this influence does not represent control of the facility, so we account for our investment in the facility under the equity method for an unconsolidated affiliate. USPI controls 232 of the facilities our Ambulatory Care segment operates, and we account for these investments as consolidated subsidiaries. Our net earnings from a facility are the same under either method, but the classification of those earnings differs. For consolidated subsidiaries, our financial statements reflect 100% of the revenues and expenses of the subsidiaries, after the elimination of intercompany amounts. The net profit attributable to owners other than USPI is classified within “net income available to noncontrolling interests.”
 
For unconsolidated affiliates, our consolidated statements of operations reflect our earnings in two line items:
 
equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates—our share of the net income (loss) of each facility, which is based on the facility’s net income (loss) and the percentage of the facility’s outstanding equity interests owned by USPI; and
 
management and administrative services revenues, which is included in our net operating revenues—income we earn in exchange for managing the day-to-day operations of each facility, usually quantified as a percentage of each facility’s net revenues less implicit price concessions.
 
Our Ambulatory Care segment operating income is driven by the performance of all facilities USPI operates and by USPI’s ownership interests in those facilities, but our individual revenue and expense line items contain only consolidated businesses, which represent 67% of those facilities. This translates to trends in consolidated operating income that often do not correspond with changes in consolidated revenues and expenses, which is why we disclose certain statistical and financial data on a pro forma systemwide basis that includes both consolidated and unconsolidated (equity method) facilities.
 
Results of Operations
 
The following table summarizes certain consolidated statements of operations items for the periods indicated:
 
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
Ambulatory Care Results of Operations
 
2019
 
2018
 
Increase (Decrease)
 
2019
 
2018
 
Increase (Decrease)
Net operating revenues
 
$
524

 
$
531

 
(1.3
)%
 
$
1,004

 
$
1,029

 
(2.4
)%
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates
 
$
34

 
$
33

 
3.0
 %
 
$
65

 
$
60

 
8.3
 %
Salaries, wages and benefits
 
$
157

 
$
165

 
(4.8
)%
 
$
310

 
$
327

 
(5.2
)%
Supplies
 
$
108

 
$
106

 
1.9
 %
 
$
207

 
$
212

 
(2.4
)%
Other operating expenses, net
 
$
86

 
$
95

 
(9.5
)%
 
$
168

 
$
187

 
(10.2
)%
 
Our Ambulatory Care net operating revenues decreased by $7 million, or 1.3% during the three months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. The change was driven by a decrease of $47 million due to the sale of Aspen and a decrease of $16 million due to the deconsolidation of a facility, partially offset by an increase in same-facility net operating revenues of $27 million and an increase from acquisitions of $29 million for the three month period. Our Ambulatory Care net operating revenues decreased by $25 million, or 2.4% during the six months ended June 30, 2019 as

48


compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. The change was driven by a decrease of $96 million due to the sale of Aspen and a decrease of $31 million due to the deconsolidation of a facility, partially offset by an increase in same-facility net operating revenues of $48 million and an increase from acquisitions of $54 million for the six month period.
 
Salaries, wages and benefits expense decreased by $8 million, or 4.8% during the three months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. The change was driven by a decrease of $18 million due to the sale of Aspen and a decrease of $4 million due to the deconsolidation of a facility, partially offset by an increase in same-facility salaries, wages and benefits expense of $7 million and an increase from acquisitions of $7 million for the three month period. Salaries, wages and benefits expense decreased by $17 million, or 5.2% during the six months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. The change was driven by a decrease of $36 million due to the sale of Aspen and a decrease of $8 million due to the deconsolidation of a facility, partially offset by an increase in same-facility salaries, wages and benefits expense of $14 million and an increase from acquisitions of $13 million for the six month period.
 
Supplies expense increased by $2 million, or 1.9% during the three months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. The change was driven by an increase in same-facility supplies expense of $9 million and an increase from acquisitions of $7 million, partially offset by a decrease of $10 million due to the sale of Aspen and a decrease of $4 million due to the deconsolidation of a facility for the three month period. Supplies expense decreased by $5 million, or 2.4%, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. The change was driven by a decrease of $21 million due to the sale of Aspen and a decrease of $8 million due to the deconsolidation of a facility, partially offset by an increase in same-facility supplies expense of $12 million and an increase from acquisitions of $12 million for the six month period.

Other operating expenses decreased by $9 million, or 9.5% during the three months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018. The change was driven by a decrease of $13 million due to the sale of Aspen and a decrease of $3 million due to the deconsolidation of a facility, partially offset by an increase in same-facility other operating expenses of $2 million and an increase from acquisitions of $5 million for the three month period. Other operating expenses decreased by $19 million, or 10.2% during the six months ended June 30, 2019 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018. The change was driven by a decrease of $26 million due to the sale of Aspen and a decrease of $6 million due to the deconsolidation of a facility, partially offset by an increase in same-facility other operating expenses of $4 million and an increase from acquisitions of $9 million for the six month period.
 
Facility Growth
 
The following table summarizes the changes in our same-facility revenue year-over-year on a pro forma systemwide basis, which includes both consolidated and unconsolidated (equity method) facilities. While we do not record the revenues of unconsolidated facilities, we believe this information is important in understanding the financial performance of our Ambulatory Care segment because these revenues are the basis for calculating our management services revenues and, together with the expenses of our unconsolidated facilities, are the basis for our equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates.
Ambulatory Care Facility Growth
 
 
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2019
 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2019
Net revenues
 
 
5.3%
 
4.8%
Cases
 
 
3.2%
 
2.1%
Net revenue per case
 
 
2.0%
 
2.7%
 

49


Joint Ventures with Healthcare System Partners
 
USPI’s business model is to jointly own its facilities with local physicians and, in many of these facilities, a not-for-profit healthcare system partner. Accordingly, as of June 30, 2019, the majority of facilities in our Ambulatory Care segment are operated in this model.
Ambulatory Care Facilities
 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2019
Facilities:
 
 

With a healthcare system partner
 
214

Without a healthcare system partner
 
130

Total facilities operated
 
344

Change from December 31, 2018
 
 

Acquisitions
 
5

De novo
 
6

Dispositions/Mergers
 
(4
)
Total increase in number of facilities operated
 
7


During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we acquired controlling interests in two multi-specialty surgery centers in Virginia and a multi-specialty surgery center in Florida. We paid cash totaling approximately $10 million for these acquisitions. We also acquired a controlling interest in two multi-specialty surgery centers located in California, in which we already had an equity method investment, for a minimal cash outlay. All of these acquired facilities are jointly owned with local physicians and a healthcare system partner is an owner in all of the facilities except the facility in Florida. During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we acquired noncontrolling interests in a multi-specialty surgery center and a single-specialty endoscopy center, both located in New Jersey. We paid cash totaling approximately $7 million for these ownership interests. Both facilities are jointly owned with local physicians and a healthcare system partner.

We also regularly engage in the purchase of equity interests with respect to our investments in unconsolidated affiliates and consolidated facilities that do not result in a change of control. These transactions are primarily the acquisitions of equity interests in ambulatory care facilities and the investment of additional cash in facilities that need capital for acquisitions, new construction or other business growth opportunities. During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we invested approximately $9 million in such transactions.
 
Conifer Segment
 
Our Conifer segment generated net operating revenues of $355 million and $386 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $704 million and $790 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, a portion of which was eliminated in consolidation as described in Note 19 to the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Conifer revenues from third-party customers, which are not eliminated in consolidation, decreased $33 million and $84 million, or 13.6% and 16.9%, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, compared to the three and six months ended June 30, 2018. Conifer revenues from third-party customers were negatively impacted by contract terminations related to the sales of customer hospitals in the 2019 periods compared to the 2018 periods, as well as $17 million in contract termination payments in the six months ended June 30, 2018.
 
Salaries, wages and benefits expense for Conifer decreased $27 million, or 12.6%, in the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018, and decreased $67 million, or 15.3%, in the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018, in both cases primarily due to the impact of contract terminations and previously announced workforce reductions as part of our enterprise-wide cost reduction initiatives.
 
Other operating expenses for Conifer decreased $16 million, or 20.0%, in the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2018, and decreased $31 million, or 19.5%, in the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2018, in both cases primarily due to the impact of contract terminations and our enterprise-wide cost reduction initiatives.
    

50


Consolidated 

Impairment and Restructuring Charges, and Acquisition-Related Costs

During the three months ended June 30, 2019, we recorded impairment and restructuring charges and acquisition-related costs of $36 million, consisting of $4 million of impairment charges, $31 million of restructuring charges and $1 million of acquisition-related costs. Restructuring charges consisted of $11 million of employee severance costs, $1 million of contract and lease termination fees, and $19 million of other restructuring costs. Acquisition-related costs consisted of $1 million of transaction costs. Our impairment and restructuring charges and acquisition-related costs for the three months ended June 30, 2019 were comprised of $26 million from our Hospital Operations and other segment, $2 million from our Ambulatory Care segment and $8 million from our Conifer segment.

During the three months ended June 30, 2018, we recorded impairment and restructuring charges and acquisition-related costs of $30 million, consisting of $4 million of impairment charges, $22 million of restructuring charges and $4 million of acquisition-related costs. Impairment charges consisted primarily of $4 million of charges to write-down assets held for sale to their estimated fair value, less estimated costs to sell, for Aspen. Restructuring charges consisted of $9 million of employee severance costs, $4 million of contract and lease termination fees, and $9 million of other restructuring costs. Acquisition-related costs consisted of $3 million of transaction costs and $1 million of acquisition integration charges. Our impairment and restructuring charges and acquisition-related costs for the three months ended June 30, 2018 were comprised of $17 million from our Hospital Operations and other segment, $6 million from our Ambulatory Care segment and $7 million from our Conifer segment.

During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we recorded impairment and restructuring charges and acquisition-related costs of $55 million, consisting of $5 million of impairment charges, $47 million of restructuring charges and $3 million of acquisition-related costs. Restructuring charges consisted of $18 million of employee severance costs, $2 million of contract and lease termination fees, and $27 million of other restructuring costs. Acquisition-related costs consisted of $3 million of transaction costs. Our impairment and restructuring charges and acquisition-related costs for the six months ended June 30, 2019 were comprised of $36 million from our Hospital Operations and other segment, $5 million from our Ambulatory Care segment and $14 million from our Conifer segment.

During the six months ended June 30, 2018, we recorded impairment and restructuring charges and acquisition-related costs of $77 million, consisting of $23 million of impairment charges, $47 million of restructuring charges and $7 million of acquisition-related costs. Impairment charges consisted primarily of $17 million of charges to write-down assets held for sale to their estimated fair value, less estimated costs to sell, for certain Chicago-area facilities, $4 million of charges to write-down assets held for sale to their estimated fair value, less estimated costs to sell, for Aspen and $2 million of other impairment charges. Restructuring charges consisted of $26 million of employee severance costs, $5 million of contract and lease termination fees, and $16 million of other restructuring costs. Acquisition-related costs consisted of $5 million of transaction costs and $2 million of acquisition integration charges. Our impairment and restructuring charges and acquisition-related costs for the six months ended June 30, 2018 were comprised of $58 million from our Hospital Operations and other segment, $7 million from our Ambulatory Care segment and $12 million from our Conifer segment.

Litigation and Investigation Costs

Litigation and investigation costs for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were $18 million and $13 million, respectively. Litigation and investigation costs for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were $31 million and $19 million, respectively.

Net Losses (Gains) on Sales, Consolidation and Deconsolidation of Facilities

During the three months ended June 30, 2019, we recorded net losses on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities of approximately $1 million, primarily comprised of a $2 million loss related to consolidation changes of certain USPI businesses due to ownership changes, partially offset by $1 million of gains on the sale of our Chicago-area facilities.

During the three months ended June 30, 2018, we recorded net gains on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities of approximately $8 million, primarily due to a $12 million gain from the sale of Des Peres Hospital, physician practices and other hospital-affiliated operations in St. Louis, Missouri.

During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we recorded net losses on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities of approximately $2 million, primarily comprised of a $6 million loss on the sale of our Chicago-area facilities,

51


partially offset by $3 million of gains related to consolidation changes of certain USPI businesses due to ownership changes, as well as post-closing adjustments on several other recent divestitures.

During the six months ended June 30, 2018, we recorded net gains on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities of approximately $118 million, primarily comprised of gains of $95 million from the sale of MacNeal Hospital and other operations affiliated with the hospital in the Chicago area, $13 million from the sales of our minority interests in four North Texas hospitals and $12 million from the sale of Des Peres Hospital, physician practices and other hospital-affiliated operations in St. Louis, Missouri.

Interest Expense

Interest expense for the three months ended June 30, 2019 was $247 million compared to $254 million for the same period in 2018. Interest expense for the six months ended June 30, 2019 was $498 million compared to $509 million for the same period in 2018.

Income Tax Expense

During the three months ended June 30, 2019, we recorded income tax expense of $30 million in continuing operations on pre-tax income of $140 million compared to income tax expense of $44 million on pre-tax income of $150 million during the three months ended June 30, 2018. During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we recorded income tax expense of $47 million in continuing operations on pre-tax income of $214 million compared to income tax expense of $114 million on pre-tax income of $410 million during the six months ended June 30, 2018. The reconciliation between the amount of recorded income tax expense and the amount calculated at the statutory federal tax rate is shown in the following table:
 
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Tax expense at statutory federal rate of 21%
 
$
29

 
$
31

 
$
45

 
$
86

State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit
 
6

 
7

 
9

 
17

Tax attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
(19
)
 
(16
)
 
(36
)
 
(34
)
Nondeductible goodwill
 

 
2

 

 
7

Nontaxable gains
 

 

 
(1
)
 

Stock-based compensation
 
1

 

 

 
4

Change in valuation allowance-interest expense limitation
 
11

 
18

 
35

 
30

Other items
 
2

 
2

 
(5
)
 
4

Income tax expense
 
$
30

 
$
44

 
$
47

 
$
114


Net Income Available to Noncontrolling Interests

Net income available to noncontrolling interests was $95 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $82 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018. Net income available (loss attributable) to noncontrolling interests for the three months ended June 30, 2019 was comprised of $(4) million related to our Hospital Operations and other segment, $78 million related to our Ambulatory Care segment and $21 million related to our Conifer segment. Of the portion related to our Ambulatory Care segment, $3 million was related to the minority interests in USPI.

Net income available to noncontrolling interests was $179 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $174 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018. Net income available (loss attributable) to noncontrolling interests for the six months ended June 30, 2019 was comprised of $(8) million related to our Hospital Operations and other segment, $146 million related to our Ambulatory Care segment and $41 million related to our Conifer segment. Of the portion related to our Ambulatory Care segment, $6 million was related to the minority interests in USPI.

ADDITIONAL SUPPLEMENTAL NON-GAAP DISCLOSURES
 
The financial information provided throughout this report, including our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the notes thereto, has been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). However, we use certain non-GAAP financial measures defined below in communications with investors, analysts, rating agencies, banks and others to assist such parties in understanding the impact of various items on our financial statements, some of which are recurring or involve cash payments. We use this information in our analysis of the

52


performance of our business, excluding items we do not consider relevant to the performance of our continuing operations. In addition, we use these measures to define certain performance targets under our compensation programs.
 
“Adjusted EBITDA” is a non-GAAP measure defined by the Company as net income available (loss attributable) to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders before (1) the cumulative effect of changes in accounting principle, (2) net loss attributable (income available) to noncontrolling interests, (3) income (loss) from discontinued operations, (4) income tax benefit (expense), (5) gain (loss) from early extinguishment of debt, (6) other non-operating expense, net, (7) interest expense, (8) litigation and investigation (costs) benefit, net of insurance recoveries, (9) net gains (losses) on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities, (10) impairment and restructuring charges and acquisition-related costs, (11) depreciation and amortization, and (12) income (loss) from divested operations and closed businesses (i.e., our health plan businesses). Litigation and investigation costs do not include ordinary course of business malpractice and other litigation and related expense.
 
The Company believes the foregoing non-GAAP measure is useful to investors and analysts because it presents additional information about the Company’s financial performance. Investors, analysts, Company management and the Company’s board of directors utilize this non-GAAP measure, in addition to GAAP measures, to track the Company’s financial and operating performance and compare the Company’s performance to peer companies, which utilize similar non-GAAP measures in their presentations. The human resources committee of the Company’s board of directors also uses certain non-GAAP measures to evaluate management’s performance for the purpose of determining incentive compensation. The Company believes that Adjusted EBITDA is a useful measure, in part, because certain investors and analysts use both historical and projected Adjusted EBITDA, in addition to GAAP and other non-GAAP measures, as factors in determining the estimated fair value of shares of the Company’s common stock. Company management also regularly reviews the Adjusted EBITDA performance for each operating segment. The Company does not use Adjusted EBITDA to measure liquidity, but instead to measure operating performance. The non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA measure the Company utilizes may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies. Because this measure excludes many items that are included in our financial statements, it does not provide a complete measure of our operating performance. Accordingly, investors are encouraged to use GAAP measures when evaluating the Company’s financial performance.
 

53


The following table shows the reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income available (loss attributable) to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders (the most comparable GAAP term) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:
 
 
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
 
 
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Net income available (loss attributable) to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders
 
$
17

 
$
26

 
$
(2
)
 
$
125

Less: Net income available to noncontrolling interests
 
(95
)
 
(82
)
 
(179
)
 
(174
)
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax
 
2

 
2

 
10

 
3

Income from continuing operations
 
110

 
106

 
167

 
296

Income tax expense
 
(30
)
 
(44
)
 
(47
)
 
(114
)
Loss from early extinguishment of debt
 

 
(1
)
 
(47
)
 
(2
)
Other non-operating expense, net
 
(1
)
 
(1
)
 

 
(2
)
Interest expense
 
(247
)
 
(254
)
 
(498
)
 
(509
)
Operating income
 
388

 
406

 
759

 
923

Litigation and investigation costs
 
(18
)
 
(13
)
 
(31
)
 
(19
)
Net gains (losses) on sales, consolidation and deconsolidation of facilities
 
(1
)
 
8

 
(2
)
 
118

Impairment and restructuring charges, and acquisition-related costs
 
(36
)
 
(30
)
 
(55
)
 
(77
)
Depreciation and amortization
 
(214
)
 
(194
)
 
(422
)
 
(398
)
Income (loss) from divested and closed businesses (i.e., the Company’s health plan businesses)
 

 
1

 
(1
)
 

Adjusted EBITDA
 
$
657

 
$
634

 
$
1,270

 
$
1,299

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net operating revenues
 
$
4,560

 
$
4,506

 
$
9,105

 
$
9,205

Less: Net operating revenues from health plans
 
1

 

 
1

 
6

Adjusted net operating revenues
 
$
4,559

 
$
4,506

 
$
9,104

 
$
9,199

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income available (loss attributable) to Tenet Healthcare Corporation common shareholders as a % of net operating revenues
 
0.4
%
 
0.6
%
 
 %
 
1.4
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Adjusted EBITDA as % of adjusted net operating revenues
   (Adjusted EBITDA margin) 
 
14.4
%
 
14.1
%
 
13.9
 %
 
14.1
%

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
 
CASH REQUIREMENTS
 
There have been no material changes to our obligations to make future cash payments under contracts, such as debt and lease agreements, and under contingent commitments, such as standby letters of credit and minimum revenue guarantees, as disclosed in our Annual Report, except for additional lease obligations and the long-term debt transactions disclosed in Notes 6 and 7, respectively, to our accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

As part of our long-term objective to manage our capital structure, we may from time to time seek to retire, purchase, redeem or refinance some of our outstanding debt or equity securities subject to prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors. These actions are part of our strategy to manage our leverage and capital structure over time, which is dependent on our total amount of debt, our cash and our operating results. We continue to seek further initiatives to increase the efficiency of our balance sheet by generating incremental cash, including by means of the sale of underutilized or inefficient assets.
 
At June 30, 2019, using the last 12 months of Adjusted EBITDA, our ratio of total long-term debt, net of cash and cash equivalent balances, to Adjusted EBITDA was 5.82x. We anticipate this ratio will fluctuate from quarter to quarter based on earnings performance and other factors, including the use of our revolving credit facility as a source of liquidity and acquisitions that involve the assumption of long-term debt. We intend to manage this ratio by following our business plan, managing our cost structure, possible asset divestitures and through other changes in our capital structure, including, if appropriate, the issuance of equity or convertible securities. Our ability to achieve our leverage and capital structure objectives is subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, many of which are described in the Risk Factors section in Part II of this report and the Forward-Looking Statements and Risk Factors sections in Part I of our Annual Report.

54


 
Our capital expenditures primarily relate to the expansion and renovation of existing facilities (including amounts to comply with applicable laws and regulations), equipment and information systems additions and replacements, introduction of new medical technologies, design and construction of new buildings, and various other capital improvements, as well as commitments to make capital expenditures in connection with acquisitions of businesses. Capital expenditures were $336 million and $268 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. We anticipate that our capital expenditures for continuing operations for the year ending December 31, 2019 will total approximately $650 million to $700 million, including $135 million that was accrued as a liability at December 31, 2018.
 
Interest payments, net of capitalized interest, were $484 million and $501 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
 
Income tax payments, net of tax refunds, were approximately $13 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $21 million in the six months ended June 30, 2018.
 
SOURCES AND USES OF CASH
 
Our liquidity for the six months ended June 30, 2019 was primarily derived from net cash provided by operating activities, cash on hand and borrowings under our revolving credit facility. We had approximately $249 million of cash and cash equivalents on hand at June 30, 2019 to fund our operations and capital expenditures, and our borrowing availability under our credit facility was $808 million based on our borrowing base calculation at June 30, 2019.
 
Our primary source of operating cash is the collection of accounts receivable. As such, our operating cash flow is impacted by levels of cash collections, as well as levels of implicit price concessions, due to shifts in payer mix and other factors.
 
Net cash provided by operating activities was $294 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $461 million in the six months ended June 30, 2018. Key factors contributing to the change between the 2019 and 2018 periods include the following:

The impact of an increase in AR Days outstanding;

Decreased cash receipts of $16 million related to the California provider fee program;

Increased payments for restructuring charges, acquisition-related costs, and litigation costs and settlements of $17 million; and

The timing of other working capital items.

Net cash used in investing activities was $303 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to net cash provided by investing activities of $225 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018. The primary reason for the decrease was proceeds from sales of facilities and other assets of $40 million in the 2019 period when we completed the sale of three hospitals and hospital-affiliated operations in the Chicago area compared to proceeds from sales of facilities and other assets of $481 million in the 2018 period when we completed the sale of hospitals, physician practices and related assets in the Philadelphia area, the sale of MacNeal Hospital and other operations affiliated with the hospital in the Chicago area, and the sale of Des Peres Hospital in St. Louis. There was also a decrease in proceeds from sales of marketable securities, long-term investments and other assets of $134 million in the 2019 period compared to the 2018 period primarily due to the sales of our minority interests in four North Texas hospitals in the 2018 period. Capital expenditures were $336 million and $268 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
 
Net cash used in financing activities was $153 million and $894 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The 2019 amount included the proceeds from the issuance of $1.5 billion aggregate principal amount of 6.250% senior secured second lien notes due 2027, as well as the payments for our purchases of $300 million aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 6.750% senior notes due 2020, $750 million aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 7.500% senior secured second lien notes due 2022, and $468 million aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 5.500% senior unsecured notes due 2019. The 2019 amount also included net borrowings under our credit facility of $190 million. The 2018 amount included our purchase of approximately $30 million aggregate principal amount of our 6.875% senior unsecured notes due 2031, approximately $28 million aggregate principal amount of our 6.750% senior unsecured notes due 2023, and approximately $22 million aggregate principal amount of our 7.000% senior unsecured notes due 2025. The 2018 amount also

55


included $642 million related to purchases of noncontrolling interests, primarily our purchase of an additional 15% ownership interest in USPI and to settle the adjustment to the price we paid in 2017 based on actual 2017 financial results of USPI.
 
We record our equity securities and our debt securities classified as available-for-sale at fair market value. The majority of our investments are valued based on quoted market prices or other observable inputs. We have no investments that we expect will be negatively affected by the current economic conditions such that they will materially impact our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
 
DEBT INSTRUMENTS, GUARANTEES AND RELATED COVENANTS
 
Senior Secured and Senior Unsecured Note Refinancing Transactions. On February 5, 2019, we sold $1.5 billion aggregate principal amount of 6.250% senior secured second lien notes, which will mature on February 1, 2027 (the “2027 Senior Secured Second Lien Notes”). We will pay interest on the 2027 Senior Secured Second Lien Notes semi-annually in arrears on February 1 and August 1 of each year, which payments commenced on August 1, 2019. The proceeds from the sale of the 2027 Senior Secured Second Lien Notes were used, after payment of fees and expenses, together with cash on hand and borrowings under our senior secured revolving credit facility, to fund the redemption of all $300 million aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 6.750% senior notes due 2020 and all $750 million aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 7.500% senior secured second lien notes due 2022, as well as the repayment upon maturity of all $468 million aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 5.500% senior unsecured notes due March 1, 2019. In connection with the redemptions, we recorded a loss from early extinguishment of debt of approximately $47 million in the three months ended March 31, 2019, primarily related to the difference between the redemption prices and the par values of the notes, as well as the write-off of the associated unamortized issuance costs.
Credit Agreement. We have a senior secured revolving credit facility (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”) that provides, subject to borrowing availability, for revolving loans in an aggregate principal amount of up to $1 billion, with a $300 million subfacility for standby letters of credit. Obligations under the Credit Agreement, which has a scheduled maturity date of December 4, 2020, are guaranteed by substantially all of our domestic wholly owned hospital subsidiaries and are secured by a first-priority lien on the accounts receivable owned by us and the subsidiary guarantors. At June 30, 2019, we were in compliance with all covenants and conditions in our Credit Agreement. At June 30, 2019, we had $190 million of cash borrowings outstanding under the Credit Agreement subject to a weighted average interest rate of 3.77%, and we had $2 million of standby letters of credit outstanding. Based on our eligible receivables, $808 million was available for borrowing under the Credit Agreement at June 30, 2019.  
 
Letter of Credit Facility. We have a letter of credit facility (as amended, the “LC Facility”) that provides for the issuance of standby and documentary letters of credit, from time to time, in an aggregate principal amount of up to $180 million (subject to increase to up to $200 million). The maturity date of the LC Facility is March 7, 2021. Obligations under the LC Facility are guaranteed and secured by a first-priority pledge of the capital stock and other ownership interests of certain of our wholly owned domestic hospital subsidiaries on an equal ranking basis with our senior secured first lien notes. At June 30, 2019, we were in compliance with all covenants and conditions in our LC Facility. At June 30, 2019, we had $100 million of standby letters of credit outstanding under the LC Facility.
 
For additional information regarding our long-term debt, see Note 7 to our accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report.
 
LIQUIDITY
 
From time to time, we expect to engage in additional capital markets, bank credit and other financing activities depending on our needs and financing alternatives available at that time. We believe our existing debt agreements provide flexibility for future secured or unsecured borrowings.
 
Our cash on hand fluctuates day-to-day throughout the year based on the timing and levels of routine cash receipts and disbursements, including our book overdrafts, and required cash disbursements, such as interest and income tax payments. These fluctuations result in material intra-quarter net operating and investing uses of cash that have caused, and in the future could cause, us to use our Credit Agreement as a source of liquidity. We believe that existing cash and cash equivalents on hand, availability under our Credit Agreement, anticipated future cash provided by operating activities, and our investments in marketable securities of our captive insurance companies classified as noncurrent investments in our balance sheet should be adequate to meet our current cash needs. These sources of liquidity, in combination with any potential future debt incurrence, should also be adequate to finance planned capital expenditures, payments on the current portion of our long-term debt,

56


payments to joint venture partners, including those related to put and call arrangements, and other presently known operating needs.
 
Long-term liquidity for debt service and other purposes will be dependent on the amount of cash provided by operating activities and, subject to favorable market and other conditions, the successful completion of future borrowings and potential refinancings. However, our cash requirements could be materially affected by the use of cash in acquisitions of businesses, repurchases of securities, the exercise of put rights or other exit options by our joint venture partners, and contractual commitments to fund capital expenditures in, or intercompany borrowings to, businesses we own. In addition, liquidity could be adversely affected by a deterioration in our results of operations, including our ability to generate sufficient cash from operations, as well as by the various risks and uncertainties discussed in this section and other sections of this report and in our Annual Report, including any costs associated with legal proceedings and government investigations.
 
We do not rely on commercial paper or other short-term financing arrangements nor do we enter into repurchase agreements or other short-term financing arrangements not otherwise reported in our period-end balance sheets. In addition, we do not have significant exposure to floating interest rates given that all of our current long-term indebtedness has fixed rates of interest except for borrowings under our Credit Agreement.
 
OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
 
We have no off-balance sheet arrangements that may have a current or future material effect on our financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources, except for $144 million of standby letters of credit outstanding and guarantees at June 30, 2019.
 
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
 
In preparing our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP, we must use estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes. We regularly evaluate the accounting policies and estimates we use. In general, we base the estimates on historical experience and on assumptions that we believe to be reasonable, given the particular circumstances in which we operate. Actual results may vary from those estimates.
 
We consider our critical accounting estimates to be those that (1) involve significant judgments and uncertainties, (2) require estimates that are more difficult for management to determine, and (3) may produce materially different outcomes under different conditions or when using different assumptions.
 
Our critical accounting estimates have not changed from the description provided in our Annual Report.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
 
The following table presents information about certain of our market-sensitive financial instruments at June 30, 2019. The fair values were determined based on quoted market prices for the same or similar instruments. The average effective interest rates presented are based on the rate in effect at the reporting date. The effects of unamortized discounts and issue costs are excluded from the table.
 
 
Maturity Date, Years Ending December 31,
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2019
 
2020
 
2021
 
2022
 
2023
 
Thereafter
 
Total
 
Fair Value
 
 
(Dollars in Millions)
Fixed rate long-term debt
 
$
165

 
$
2,435

 
$
1,980

 
$
2,827

 
$
1,897

 
$
5,655

 
$
14,959

 
$
15,276

Average effective interest rates
 
5.7
%
 
6.0
%
 
4.7
%
 
8.6
%
 
7.3
%
 
5.8
%
 
6.4
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Variable rate long-term debt
 
$

 
$
190

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
190

 
$
190

Average effective interest rates
 

 
3.8
%
 

 

 

 

 
3.8
%
 
 
 
We have no affiliation with partnerships, trusts or other entities (sometimes referred to as “special-purpose” or “variable-interest” entities) whose purpose is to facilitate off-balance sheet financial transactions or similar arrangements by us. As a result, we have no exposure to the financing, liquidity, market or credit risks associated with such entities.
 
We do not hold or issue derivative instruments for trading purposes and are not a party to any instruments with leverage or prepayment features.
 

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Table of Contents

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 
We carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined by Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), as of the end of the period covered by this report. The evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer. Based upon that evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that material information is recorded, processed, summarized and reported by management on a timely basis in order to comply with our disclosure obligations under the Exchange Act and the SEC rules thereunder.
 
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended June 30, 2019 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. During the quarter ended March 31, 2019, we added additional controls for the recording and disclosure of right-of-use assets and liabilities related to operating leases.

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Table of Contents

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Because we provide healthcare services in a highly regulated industry, we have been and expect to continue to be party to various lawsuits, claims and regulatory investigations from time to time. For information regarding material pending legal proceedings in which we are involved, see Note 13 to our accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, which is incorporated by reference.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
 
There have been no material changes to the risk factors discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 (“Annual Report”), except that the following risk factors have been updated to more specifically address the July 24, 2019 announcement of our intention to pursue a tax-free spin-off of Conifer as a separate, independent, publicly traded company.

We cannot provide any assurances that we will be successful in completing the proposed spin-off of Conifer or in divesting assets in non-core markets.

We cannot predict the outcome of the process we have begun to pursue a tax-free spin-off of Conifer. We cannot provide any assurances regarding the timeframe for completing the spin-off, the allocation of assets and liabilities between Tenet and Conifer, that the other conditions of the spin-off will be met, or that the spin-off will be completed at all. We also continue to exit service lines, businesses and markets that we believe are no longer strategic to our long-term growth. To that end, since January 1, 2018, we divested 11 hospitals in the United States, as well as all of our operations in the United Kingdom. We cannot provide any assurances that completed, planned or future divestitures or other strategic transactions will achieve their business goals or the cost and service synergies we expect.

With respect to all proposed divestitures of assets or businesses, we may fail to obtain applicable regulatory approvals for such divestitures, including any approval that may be required under our NPA. Moreover, we may encounter difficulties in finding acquirers or alternative exit strategies on terms that are favorable to us, which could delay the receipt of anticipated proceeds necessary for us to complete our planned strategic objectives. In addition, our divestiture activities have required, and may in the future require, us to retain significant pre-closing liabilities, recognize impairment charges or agree to contractual restrictions that limit our ability to reenter the applicable market, which may be material. Furthermore, our divestiture or other corporate development activities (including the planned spin-off of Conifer) may present financial and operational risks, including (1) the diversion of management attention from existing core businesses, (2) adverse effects (including a deterioration in the related asset or business and, in Conifer’s case, the loss of existing clients and the difficulties associated with securing new clients) from the announcement of the planned or potential activity, and (3) the challenges associated with separating personnel and financial and other systems.

A spin-off of Conifer could adversely affect our earnings and cash flows.

Conifer contributes a significant portion of the Company’s earnings and cash flows. We have begun to pursue a tax-free spin-off of Conifer. Although there can be no assurance that this process will result in a consummated transaction, any separation of all or a portion of Conifer’s business could adversely affect our earnings and cash flows.

Conifer operates in a highly competitive industry, and its current or future competitors may be able to compete more effectively than Conifer does, which could have a material adverse effect on Conifer’s margins, growth rate and market share.

As we have begun to pursue a spin-off of Conifer, we are continuing to market Conifer’s revenue cycle management, patient communications and engagement services, and value-based care solutions businesses. The announcement of our plans to spin off Conifer may have an adverse impact on Conifer’s ability to secure new clients. There can be no assurance that Conifer will be successful in generating new client relationships, including with respect to hospitals we or Conifer’s other clients sell, as the respective buyers of such hospitals may not continue to use Conifer’s services or, if they do, they may not do so under the same contractual terms. The market for Conifer’s solutions is highly competitive, and we expect competition may intensify in the future. Conifer faces competition from existing participants and new entrants to the revenue cycle management market, as well as from the staffs of hospitals and other healthcare providers who handle these processes internally. In addition, electronic medical record software vendors may expand into services offerings that compete with Conifer. To be successful, Conifer must respond more quickly and effectively than its competitors to new or changing opportunities, technologies, standards, regulations and client requirements. Moreover, existing or new competitors may introduce technologies or services that render

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Table of Contents

Conifer’s technologies or services obsolete or less marketable. Even if Conifer’s technologies and services are more effective than the offerings of its competitors, current or potential clients might prefer competitive technologies or services to Conifer’s technologies and services. Furthermore, increased competition has resulted and may continue to result in pricing pressures, which could negatively impact Conifer’s margins, growth rate or market share.

Despite current indebtedness levels, we may be able to incur substantially more debt or otherwise increase our leverage. This could further exacerbate the risks described above.

We have the ability to incur additional indebtedness in the future, subject to the restrictions contained in our senior secured revolving credit facility (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”), our letter of credit facility (as amended, the “LC Facility”) and the indentures governing our outstanding notes. We may decide to incur additional secured or unsecured debt in the future to finance our operations and any judgments or settlements or for other business purposes. Similarly, if we complete the proposed spin-off of Conifer or continue to sell assets and do not use the proceeds to repay debt, this could further increase our financial leverage.

Our Credit Agreement provides for revolving loans in an aggregate principal amount of up to $1 billion, with a $300 million subfacility for standby letters of credit. Based on our eligible receivables, $808 million was available for borrowing under the Credit Agreement at June 30, 2019. Our LC Facility provides for the issuance of standby and documentary letters of credit in an aggregate principal amount of up to $180 million (subject to increase to up to $200 million). At June 30, 2019, we had $190 million of cash borrowings outstanding under the Credit Agreement, and we had $102 million of standby letters of credit outstanding in the aggregate under the Credit Agreement and the LC Facility. If new indebtedness is added or our leverage increases, the related risks that we now face could intensify.


 

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Table of Contents

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
 
Unless otherwise indicated, the following exhibits are filed with this report: 
 
 
 
 
(10)
 
Material Contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
(b)
 
 
 
 
 
 
(c)
 
 
 
 
(31)
 
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
 
 
 
 
 
 
(b)
 
 
 
 
(32)
 
 
 
 
 
(101 SCH)
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
 
 
 
 
(101 CAL)
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
 
 
 
(101 DEF)
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
 
 
 
(101 LAB)
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
 
 
 
(101 PRE)
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
 
 
 
(101 INS)
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document.
 
 
 
(104)
 
Cover page from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019 formatted in Inline XBRL
 
 
* Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

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Table of Contents

SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
 
TENET HEALTHCARE CORPORATION
(Registrant)
 
 
 
Date: August 5, 2019
By:
/s/ R. SCOTT RAMSEY
 
 
R. Scott Ramsey
 
 
Vice President and Controller
 
 
(Principal Accounting Officer)


62

Exhibit 10 (c)







TENET
EIGHTH AMENDED AND RESTATED
EXECUTIVE RETIREMENT ACCOUNT

As Amended and Restated Effective as of April 26, 2019





EIGHTH AMENDED AND RESTATED
TENET EXECUTIVE RETIREMENT ACCOUNT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
Page

 
 
1

1

2

 
 
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4

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15

15

17

18

 
 
20

20

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20

21

21

22

22

22

22

 
 
23

23

23

23

 
 

(i)


25

25

25

 
 
26

26

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26

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27

27

34

35

35

36

 
 
37

37

 
 
38

38

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39

 
 
40

40

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A-1

 
 


(ii)


EIGHTH AMENDED AND RESTATED
TENET EXECUTIVE RETIREMENT ACCOUNT
ARTICLE I
PREAMBLE AND PURPOSE
1.1    Preamble. Tenet Healthcare Corporation (the "Company'') established the Tenet Executive Retirement Account (the "ERA") effective July 1, 2007, to permit the Company and its participating Affiliates, as defined herein (collectively, the "Employer"), to attract and retain a select group of management or highly compensated employees, as defined herein.
Through an instrument adopted in December 2008, the Company previously amended and restated the ERA, effective December 31, 2008, to (a) modify the fixed return investment option to provide that interest will be credited based on one hundred and twenty percent (120%) of the long-term applicable federal rate as opposed to the current provision which credited interest based on the prime rate of interest less one percent (1%), (b) revise the manner for determining vesting to years of plan participation. (c) reflect the right of the Pension Administration Committee to make non-material amendments to the ERA to comply with changes in the law or facilitate administration and (d) comply with final regulations issued under section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"). The amended and restated ERA was known as the First Amended and Restated Tenet Executive Retirement Account.
Through an instrument, adopted on December 11, 2009, the Company further amended and restated the ERA, also effective December 31, 2008, to clarify the ERA's intent to comply with section 409A of the Code; namely, to clarify that (a) ERA participants who incur a separation from service and are reemployed such that they do not have a break in employment under the Company's Rehire and Reinstatement Policy (or any successor thereto) will have any prior forfeited ERA account balance restored at the time of such reemployment (i.e., for consistency purposes, both the participant's prior years of service and account balance will be restored and administered on a going forward basis under the ERA) and (b) any subsequent deferral election made in accordance with the terms of the ERA will apply to an ERA participant's "Normal Retirement Benefit" (as defined herein). The amended and restated ERA was known as the Second Amended and Restated Tenet Executive Retirement Account,
Through an instrument adopted on July 21, 2011, the Company further amended and restated the ERA, effective May 3, 2011, to (a) provide that in the event of a Change of Control before July 1 of any year, the full Annual Contribution will be made to the ERA within ten (10) days following the occurrence of such Change of Control and (b) make other clarifying amendments to the ERA. The amended and restated ERA was known as the Third Amended and Restated Tenet Executive Retirement Account.
The Company subsequently amended and restated the ERA, effective as of May 9, 2012, to clarify certain Change of Control provisions; substitute a prorated payout for post Change of Control terminations, in place of the prior automatic post-Change of Control contributions; and revise the definitions for certain termination events. The amended and restated ERA was known as the Fourth Amended and Restated Tenet Executive Retirement Account.




The Company further amended and restated the ERA, effective November 6, 2013 to (i) delegate to the Senior Vice President, Human Resources and the Plan Administrator the authority to determine the employees eligible to participate in the ERA and the amount of contribution each employee will receive, (ii) modify the definition of “Year of Vesting Service” to include service performed for an entity acquired by the Company through a stock, asset or other business transaction to the extent provided in the transaction documents or as determined by to the Senior Vice President, Human Resources or the Plan Administrator and (iii) clarify that a participant who is terminated for “Cause” will forfeit his ERA benefit in its entirety. By this restatement, the Company also desires to remove Conifer Health Solutions, LLC (“Conifer”) as a participating employer in the ERA effective as of December 31, 2013 except for prior Company employees who now work for Conifer and will be grandfathered. The amended and restated ERA was known as the Fifth Amended and Restated Tenet Executive Retirement Account.
Effective January 1, 2015, the Retirement Plans Administrative Committee (“RPAC”) amended the ERA to provide that an “Affiliate” as defined in the ERA will be determined based on an ownership percentage of greater than fifty percent (50%).
The RPAC further amended and restated the ERA effective November 30, 2015 to (i) incorporate the prior amendment to the ERA, (ii) delegate to the Senior Vice President, Human Resources and the Plan Administrator the authority to provide annual contributions and/or continued age and service credit for vesting purposes for any participant who transfers to an Affiliate who has not adopted the ERA as an Employer without the need for adoption of the ERA by such Affiliate, (iii) permit participants who are not participants in the “SERP,” as defined in Article II, who are ineligible or who become ineligible to participate in the ERA to receive earnings credit until they terminate employment with the Company and all Affiliates, and (iv) reflect that the name of the Compensation Committee has changed to the “Human Resources Committee.” The amended and restated ERA was known as the Sixth Amended and Restated ERA.
The RPAC further amended and restated the ERA effective April 1, 2018 to comply with the new ERISA regulations regarding Disability claims and make certain other administrative clarifications. Such amended and restated ERA was known as the Seventh Amended and Restated Tenet Executive Retirement Account.
By this instrument, the Executive Vice President & Chief Human Resources Officer (formerly titled the Senior Vice President, Human Resources) and the Plan Administrator, pursuant to their authority in Section 2.1(s), desire to update the ERA to reflect the designation of Conifer Health Solutions, LLC as an Employer as of the Effective Date. This updated ERA will be known as the Eighth Amended and Restated Tenet Executive Retirement Account.
The Employer may adopt one (1) or more domestic trusts to serve as a possible source of funds for the payment of benefits under this ERA.
1.2    Purpose. Through this ERA, the Employer intends to permit the deferral of compensation and to provide additional benefits to a select group of management or highly compensated employees of the Employer. Accordingly, it is intended that this ERA will not constitute a "qualified plan" subject to the limitations of section 401(a) of the Code, nor will it constitute a "funded plan," for purposes of such requirements.

2


It also is intended that this ERA will be exempt from the participation and vesting requirements of Part 2 of Title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA"). The funding requirements of Part 3 of Title I of ERISA, and the fiduciary requirements of Part 4 of Title I of ERISA by reason of the exclusions afforded plans that are unfunded and maintained by an employer primarily for the purpose of providing deferred compensation for a select group of management or highly compensated employees.
 
End of Article I


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ARTICLE II
DEFINITIONS AND CONSTRUCTION
2.1    Definitions. When a word or phrase appears in this ERA with the initial letter capitalized, and the word or phrase does not commence a sentence, the word or phrase will generally be a term defined in this Section 2.1. The following words and phrases with the initial letter capitalized will have the meaning set forth in this Section 2.1, unless a different meaning is required by the context in which the word or phrase is used.
(a)
"Account" means one (1) or more of the bookkeeping accounts maintained by the Company or its agent on behalf of a Participant, as described in more detail in Section 4.3. A Participant's Account may be divided into one or more "Cash Accounts" or "Stock Unit Accounts" as defined in Section 4.3.
(b)
"Affiliate" means a corporation that is a member of a controlled group of corporations (as defined in section 414(b) of the Code) that includes the Company, any trade or business (whether or not incorporated) that is in common control (as defined in section 414(c) of the Code) with the Company, or any entity that is a member of the same affiliated service group (as defined in section 414(m) of the Code) as the Company; provided, however that effective January 1, 2015, for purposes of determining if an entity is an Affiliate under sections 414(b) or (c) of the Code ownership will be determined based on an ownership percentage of greater than fifty percent (50%).
(c)
"Alternate Payee" means any spouse, former spouse, child, or other dependent of a Participant who is recognized by a DRO as having a right to receive all, or a portion of the benefits payable under the ERA with respect to such Participant.
(d)
"Annual Contribution" means the contribution made by the Employer on behalf of a Participant as described in Section 4.1(a).
(e)
"Beneficiary" means the person designated by the Participant to receive a distribution of his benefits under the ERA upon the death of the Participant. If the Participant is married, his spouse will be his Beneficiary, unless his spouse consents in writing to the designation of an alternate Beneficiary. For this purpose, the term “spouse” means a Participant’s spouse under applicable state law, including effective August 3, 2011, a Participant's Domestic Partner as defined under the Criteria for Domestic Partnership Status under the Tenet Employee Benefit Plan, and effective September 16, 2013, a same sex spouse recognized as such in the state where the marriage is performed. In the event that a Participant fails to designate a Beneficiary, or if the Participant's Beneficiary does not survive the Participant, the Participant's Beneficiary will be his surviving spouse, if any, or if the Participant does not have a surviving spouse, his estate. The term "Beneficiary" also will mean a Participant's spouse or former spouse who is entitled to all or a portion of a Participant's benefit pursuant to Section 6.1.
(f)
"Board" means the Board of Directors of the Company.
(g)
"Cause" means

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(i)
For any event occurring on or within two (2) years after a Change of Control, the same meaning as set forth in Section 2.1(f)(ii) of the ESP.
(ii)
For any Participant who is a Covered Executive under the Company’s Executive Severance Plan, with respect to any event not occurring on or within two (2) years after a Change of Control, the same meaning as set forth in Section 2.1(f)(i) of the ESP.
(iii)
for any Participant who is not a Covered Executive under the Company’s Executive Severance Plan, with respect to any event not occurring on or within two (2) years after a Change of Control, the same meaning as set forth in Section 2.5(b)(ii) of the Stock Incentive Plan.
(h)
Change of Control” will have the meaning set forth in the ESP.
(i)
"Code" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time and any regulations and rulings issued thereunder.
(j)
"Compensation" means the Participant's annual gross base salary including amounts reduced from the Participant's salary and contributed on the Participant's behalf as deferrals under any qualified or non-qualified employee benefit plans sponsored by the Employer or, to the extent provided in Section 4.1(a), an Affiliate. Compensation excludes bonuses, hardship withdrawal allowances, annual cash and/or stock bonuses, automobile allowances, housing allowances, relocation payments, deemed income, income payable under stock incentive plans, Christmas gifts, insurance premiums and other imputed income, pensions, and retirement benefits.
(k)
"Disability" means the inability of a Participant to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of a mental or physical impairment expected to result in death or last for at least twelve (12) months, or the Participant, because of such a condition. is receiving income replacement benefits for at least three (3) months under an accident or health plan covering the Employer's employees.
(l)
"Discretionary Contribution" means the contribution made by the Employer on behalf of a Participant as described in Section 4.1(b).
(m)
"DRO" means a domestic relations order that is a judgment, decree, or order (including one that approves a property settlement agreement) that relates to the provision of child support, alimony payments or marital property rights to a spouse, former spouse, child or other dependent of a Participant and is made under a state (within the meaning of section 7701(a)(10) of the Code) domestic relations law (including a community property law) and that:
(i)
Creates or recognizes the existence of an Alternate Payee's right to, or assigns to an Alternate Payee the right to receive all or a portion of the benefits payable with respect to a Participant under the ERA;
(ii)
Does not require the ERA to provide any type or form of benefit, or any option, not otherwise provided under the ERA;

5


(iii)
Does not require the ERA to provide increased benefits (determined on the basis of actuarial value);
(iv)
Does not require the payment of benefits to an Alternate Payee that are required to be paid to another Alternate Payee under another order previously determined to be a DRO; and
(v)
Clearly specifies: the name and last known mailing address of the Participant and of each Alternate Payee covered by the DRO; the amount or percentage of the Participant's benefits to be paid by the ERA to each such Alternate Payee, or the manner in which such amount or percentage is to be determined; the number of payments or payment periods to which such order applies; and that it is applicable with respect to this ERA.
For the avoidance of doubt, a DRO may be entered into with respect to a Participant who is not yet vested and may provide for the division of the Participant’s benefits in the event the Participant becomes vested. For example, a DRO could provide that an Alternate Payee is entitled to 50% of the Participant’s vested benefit as of the date the Participant attains age sixty-two (62). In this example, if the Participant does not vest by reason of attaining age sixty-two (62), the Alternate Payee would not be entitled to any portion of this benefit.
(n)
"Early Retirement Age" means the date the Participant attains age fifty-five (55) and has completed ten (10) Years of Vesting Service.
(o)
"Early Retirement Benefit" means the benefit payable to a Participant who has attained Early Retirement Age as provided in Section 5.2.
(p)
"Effective Date" means April 26, 2019, except as provided otherwise herein.
(q)
"Eligible Person" means an Employee who is designated as eligible to participate in the ERA by the Executive Vice President & Chief Human Resources Officer or the Plan Administrator or an Employee who satisfied the definition of Eligible Person in a prior ERA document and, in each case, who is not a participant in the SERP. As provided in Section 3.1 the RPAC may at any time, in its sole and absolute discretion, limit the classification of Employees who are eligible to participate in the ERA for a Plan Year and/or may modify or terminate an Eligible Person's participation in the ERA without the need for an amendment to the ERA.
(r)
"Employee" means each select member of management or highly compensated employee receiving remuneration, or who is entitled to remuneration, for services provided to the Employer or an Affiliate, in the legal relationship of employer and employee.
(s)
"Employer" means the Company and each Affiliate who with the consent of the Executive Vice President & Chief Human Resources Officer or Plan Administrator has adopted the ERA as a participating employer. An Affiliate may evidence its adoption of the ERA either by a formal action of its governing body or by commencing deferrals and taking other administrative actions with respect to this ERA on behalf

6


of its employees. An entity will cease to be a participating employer as of the date such entity ceases to be an Affiliate or the date specified by the Company.
(t)
"Employment" means any continuous period during which an employee is actively engaged in performing services for the Employer or, to the extent provided in Section 2.1(tt), an Affiliate, plus the term of any leave of absence approved by the Employer; provided, however, that if an employee takes an approved leave of absence and does not return to the employ of the Employer, such leave of absence will not count as Employment except as required by law.
(u)
"ERA" means the Seventh Amended and Restated Tenet Executive Retirement Account as set forth herein and as the same may be amended from time to time.
(v)
"ERISA" means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended from time to time.
(w)
"ESP" means the Tenet Executive Severance Plan, as amended from time to time.
(x)
Fair Market Value” means the closing price of a share of Stock on the New York Stock Exchange on the date as of which fair market value is to be determined.
(y)
"Five Percent Owner" means any person who owns (or is considered as owning within the meaning of section 318 of the Code (as modified by section 416(i)(1)(B)(iii) of the Code)) more than five percent (5%) of the outstanding stock of the Company or an Affiliate or stock possessing more than five percent (5%) of the total combined voting power of all stock of the Company or an Affiliate. The rules of sections 414(b), (c) and (m) of the Code will not apply for purposes of applying these ownership rules. Thus, this ownership test will be applied separately with respect to the Company and each Affiliate.
(z)
"Good Reason" means
(i)
For an event occurring on or within two (2) years of a Change of Control, the same meaning as set forth in Section 2.1(x)(ii) of the ESP.
(ii)
For any event not occurring on or within two (2) years after a Change of Control, the same meaning as set forth in Section 2.1(x)(i) of the ESP.
(aa)
"Human Resources Committee" means the Human Resources Committee of the Board (including any predecessor or successor to such committee in name or form), which has the authority to amend and terminate the ERA as provided in Article X.
(bb)
Inactive Participant” means a Participant under this ERA who separates from Employment with the Employer or who is no longer or ceases to be an Eligible Person. Generally, no future contributions or earnings will be credited to an Inactive Participant’s Account; provided, however, an Inactive Participant who is not a participant in the SERP will continue to have earnings credited to his Account on and after the Effective Date until he ceases employment with the Employer and all Affiliates.

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(cc)
"Initial Enrollment Period" means the thirty (30) day period immediately following the date the Eligible Person first becomes eligible to participate in the ERA during which the Eligible Person may elect the time at which to receive a distribution of Early Retirement Benefits pursuant to Section 3.1(b).
(dd)
"Involuntary Termination" means:
(i)
the Participant's Termination of Employment by the Employer without Cause, or
(ii)
the Participant's resignation from Employment of the Employer for Good Reason;
provided, however, that an Involuntary Termination will not occur by reason of the divestiture of an Affiliate with respect to a Participant employed by such Affiliate who is offered a comparable position with the purchaser and either declines or accepts such position.
(ee)
"Key Employee" means any employee or former employee (including any deceased employee) who at any time during the Plan Year was:
(i)
an officer of the Company or an Affiliate having compensation greater than one hundred thirty thousand dollars ($130,000) (as adjusted under section 416(i)(1) of the Code for Plan Years beginning after December 31, 2002);
(ii)
a Five Percent Owner; or
(iii)
a One Percent Owner having compensation of more than one hundred fifty thousand dollars ($150,000).
For purposes of the preceding paragraphs, the Company has elected to determine the compensation of an officer or One Percent Owner in accordance with section 1.415(c)-2(d)(4) of the Treasury Regulations (i.e., W-2 wages plus amounts that would be includible in wages except for an election under section 125(a) of the Code (regarding cafeteria plan elections) under section 132(f) of the Code (regarding qualified transportation fringe benefits) or section 402(e)(3) of the Code (regarding section 401(k) plan deferrals)) without regard to the special timing rules and special rules set forth, respectively, in sections 1.415(c)-2(e) and 2(g) of the Treasury Regulations.
The determination of Key Employees will be based upon a twelve (12) month period ending on December 31 of each year (i.e., the identification date). Employees that are Key Employees during such twelve (12) month period will be treated as Key Employees for the twelve (12) month period beginning on the first day of the fourth month following the end of the twelve (12) month period (i.e., since the identification date is December 31, then the twelve (12) month period to which it applies begins on the next following April 1).
The determination of who is a Key Employee will be made in accordance with section 416(i)(1) of the Code and other guidance of general applicability issued thereunder.

8


For purposes of determining whether an employee or former employee is an officer, a Five Percent Owner or a One Percent Owner, the Company and each Affiliate will be treated as a separate employer (i.e., the controlled group rules of sections 414(b), (c), (m) and (o) of the Code will not apply). Conversely, for purposes of determining whether the one hundred thirty thousand dollar ($130,000) adjusted limit on compensation is met under the officer test described in Section 2.1(ee)(i), compensation from the Company and all Affiliates will be taken into account (i.e., the controlled group rules of sections 414(b). (c), (m) and (o) of the Code will apply). Further, in determining who is an officer under the officer test described in Section 2.1(ee)(i), no more than fifty (50) employees of the Company or its Affiliates (i.e., the controlled group rules of sections 414(b), (c), (m) and (o) of the Code will apply) will be treated as officers. If the number of officers exceeds fifty (50). the determination of which employees or former employees are officers will be determined based on who had the largest annual compensation from the Company and its Affiliates for the Plan Year. For the avoidance of doubt, for purposes of this Section 2.1(ee) the controlled group rules under sections 414(b) and (c) of the Code will be applied based on the normal ownership percentage of eighty percent (80%) or more rather than the fifty percent (50%) standard used in the definition of Affiliate.
(ff)
"Normal Retirement Age" means the date the Participant attains age sixty-two (62).
(gg)
"Normal Retirement Benefit" means the benefit payable to a Participant at Normal Retirement Age pursuant to Section 5.1.
(hh)
"One Percent Owner" means any person who would be described as a Five Percent Owner if "one percent (1%)" were substituted for "five percent (5%)" each place where it appears therein.
(ii)
"Other Termination" means a Termination of Employment that is not an Involuntary Termination, including a Termination of Employment for Cause.
(jj)
"Participant" means each Eligible Person who participates in this ERA and each Eligible Person or former Eligible Person whose participation in this ERA has not terminated.
(kk)
"Plan Administrator" means the individual or entity appointed by the RPAC to handle the day-to-day administration of the ERA, including but not limited to determining an Employee's status as an Eligible Person, the Employee’s Annual Contribution amount, a Participant's eligibility for benefits and the amount of a Participant's benefits and complying with all applicable reporting and disclosure obligations imposed on the ERA. If the RPAC does not appoint an individual or entity as Plan Administrator, the RPAC will serve as the Plan Administrator.
(ll)
"Plan Year" means the fiscal year of this ERA, which will commence on January 1 each year and end on December 31 of such year. The initial Plan Year was a short Plan Year beginning July 1, 2007 and ending December 31. 2007.
(mm)
"Retirement" means a Termination of Employment on or after a Participant has attained Early Retirement Age or Normal Retirement Age.

9


(nn)
"RPAC" means the Retirement Plans Administration Committee of the Company established by the Human Resources Committee, and whose members have been appointed by such Human Resources Committee or a delegate thereof. The RPAC will have the responsibility to administer the ERA and make final determinations regarding claims for benefits, as described in Article VIII.
(oo)
"SERP" means the Tenet Healthcare Corporation Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan.
(pp)
"Stock" means the common stock, par value $0.05 per share, of the Company.
(qq)
"Stock Unit" means a non-voting, non-transferable unit of measurement that is deemed for bookkeeping and distribution purposes only to represent one outstanding share of Stock.
(rr)
"Stock Incentive Plan" means the Tenet Healthcare 2008 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended from time to time.
(ss)
"Target Bonus" means the target bonus percent applicable to the Participant under the Company's Annual Incentive Plan multiplied by his Compensation at the time of a Termination of Employment with the Employer. For example, if the Covered Executive earns one hundred and fifty thousand dollars ($150,000) and has a Target Bonus of fifty percent (50%), his Target Bonus equals seventy five thousand dollars ($75,000).
(tt)
"Termination of Employment" means the date that a Participant ceases performing services for the Employer and its Affiliates in the capacity of an employee, or a reduction in Employment or other provision of services that qualifies as a separation from service under Section 409A of the Code. For this purpose a Participant who is on a leave of absence that exceeds six (6) months and who does not have statutory or contractual reemployment rights with respect to such leave, will be deemed to have incurred a Termination of Employment on the first day of the seventh (7th) month of such leave. A Participant who transfers Employment from an Employer to an Affiliate, regardless of whether such Affiliate has adopted the ERA as a participating employer, will not incur a Termination of Employment and such Participant may continue to be credited with Annual Contributions pursuant to Section 4.1(a) and/or accrue age and/or Years of Vesting Service pursuant to Section 2.1(ww). A Termination of Employment will either be an Involuntary Termination or an Other Termination.
(uu)
Trust” means the rabbi trust established with respect to the ERA the assets of which are to be used for the payment of benefits under the ERA.
(vv)
"Trustee" means the individual or entity appointed to serve as trustee of any Trust established as a possible source of funds for the payment of benefits under this ERA as provided in Section 7.1. After the occurrence of a Change of Control, the Trustee must be independent of any successor to the Company or any affiliate of such successor.

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(ww)
"Year of Vesting Service" means each complete Plan Year in which an Eligible Person is employed as an Employee of the Employer, beginning with the Plan Year in which the Participant commences participation in the ERA, and has an Account balance under the ERA. Such Plan Years will be referred to as "Years of Plan Participation" for purposes of this Section 2.1(ww). At the time an Eligible Person first becomes eligible to participate in the ERA, his prior complete years of continuous Employment with the Employer, commencing on the Eligible Person's date of Employment with the Employer in any capacity, will be converted to an equivalent number of complete Years of Plan Participation and count as Years of Vesting Service under the ERA.
In addition, service performed for an entity that is acquired by the Company through a stock, asset or other business transaction will be counted as Years of Vesting Service under the ERA to the extent provided in the transaction documents or as determined by the Executive Vice President & Chief Human Resources Officer or the Plan Administrator.
The Executive Vice President & Chief Human Resources Officer or the Plan Administrator may also credit a Participant who transfers to an Affiliate that is not an Employer with age and/or vesting service for employment with such Affiliate without the need for such Affiliate to adopt the ERA as an Employer.
An Eligible Person will not be given credit for partial Years of Plan Participation or partial years of Employment as Years of Vesting Service under the ERA. Further, to be counted as a Year of Vesting Service such Years of Plan Participation or years of Employment must be continuous.
In the event an Eligible Person incurs a Termination of Employment and is reemployed by the Employer within the time period required to prevent a break in Employment under the Company's Rehire and Reinstatement Policy (or any successor thereto), the provisions of which are incorporated herein by this reference:
(i)
such Eligible Person's previously forfeited ERA Account balance will be restored at the time of such reemployment, and
(ii)
his Years of Plan Participation or years of Employment completed before such reemployment will be treated as Years of Vesting Service under the ERA to the extent provided in such Rehire and Reinstatement Policy (or any successor thereto).
2.2    Construction. If any provision of this ERA is determined to be for any reason invalid or unenforceable, the remaining provisions of this ERA will continue in full force and effect.
All of the provisions of this ERA will be construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of Texas and will be administered according to the laws of such state, except as otherwise required by ERISA, the Code or other applicable federal law.
The term "delivered to the RPAC or Plan Administrator," as used in this ERA, will include delivery to a person or persons designated by the RPAC or Plan Administrator, as applicable,

11


for the disbursement and the receipt of administrative forms. Delivery will be deemed to have occurred only when the form or other communication is actually received.
Headings and subheadings are for the purpose of reference only and are not to be considered in the construction of this ERA.
The pronouns "he," "him" and "his" used in the ERA will also refer to similar pronouns of the female gender unless otherwise qualified by the context.
2.3    409A Compliance. The ERA is intended to comply with the requirements of section 409A of the Code. The provisions of the ERA will be construed and administered in a manner that enables the ERA to comply with the provisions of section 409A of the Code.
 
End of Article II


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ARTICLE III
PARTICIPATION AND FORFEITABILITY OF BENEFITS
3.1    Eligibility and Participation.
(a)
Determination of Eligibility. An Employee who is designated as an Eligible Person by the Executive Vice President & Chief Human Resources Officer or Plan Administrator will automatically become a Participant in the ERA as of the effective date of such designation. An Employee who was a Participant under the terms of a prior ERA document will continue participation on and after the Effective Date in accordance with the terms of this document.
(b)
Early Retirement Election. An Eligible Person must elect during the Initial Enrollment Period whether he desires or does not desire to commence the distribution of the vested balance of his Account on the first day of the second calendar month following the date of his Retirement on or after attaining Early Retirement Age as provided pursuant to Section 5.2. If the Eligible Person fails to make this election during the Initial Enrollment Period, he will be deemed to have affirmatively elected to commence the distribution of the vested balance of his Account on the first day of the second calendar month following the date of his Retirement on or after attaining Early Retirement Age. Once made (or deemed made), this election cannot be revoked; however, the Participant may elect to defer payment of his vested Account balance pursuant to Section 5.7. Payment of such Early Retirement Benefit will be subject to the six (6) month restriction applicable to Key Employees, described in Section 5.4 of this ERA. The provisions of this Section 3.1(b) will apply to all Eligible Persons who are Employees on or after the Effective Date.
(c)
Limits on Eligibility. The RPAC may at any time, in its sole and absolute discretion, limit the classification of Employees eligible to participate in the ERA and/or may limit or terminate an Eligible Person's participation in the ERA. Any action taken by the RPAC that limits the classification of Employees eligible to participate in the ERA or that modifies or terminates an Eligible Person's participation in the ERA will be set forth in Exhibit A attached hereto. Exhibit A may be modified from time to time without a formal amendment to the ERA. in which case a revised Exhibit A will be attached hereto.
(d)
Loss of Eligibility Status. A Participant who becomes an Inactive Participant, under this ERA will retain such status until the Participant has received payment of any and all amounts payable to him under this ERA. An Inactive Participant who continues employment with an Affiliate who is not an Employer may continue to be credited with annual contributions pursuant to Section 4.1(a) and/or with age and/or Years of Vesting Service pursuant to Section 2.1(ww).
(e)
Subsequent SERP Participation. A Participant's participation and Account balances will be frozen upon being named to the SERP (i.e., he will become an Inactive Participant and no additional contributions or earnings credits will be made); however, the Participant will continue to earn age and Years of Vesting Service for purposes of this ERA. Upon termination or retirement, the Participant will receive

13


his Account balance under the ERA pursuant to the terms hereof. In addition, the Participant will be entitled to receive a benefit from the SERP equal to the benefit accrued under the SERP as reduced by his benefit under the ERA. Distribution of the Participant's SERP benefit will be made pursuant to the terms of the SERP.
(f)
Initial SERP Participation. A Participant who participated in the SERP before becoming a Participant in the ERA will be entitled to a benefit under this ERA, if any, equal to the amount of his Account. The Participant's accrued benefit under the SERP will be paid pursuant to the terms of the SERP and his benefit under this ERA, if any, will be paid pursuant to the terms hereof.
3.2    Forfeitability of Benefits. A Participant will forfeit any amounts credited to his Account as follows:
(a)
Other Termination. Except as provided in section 4.2(a), if a Participant incurs an Other Termination before attaining age fifty-five (55), he will forfeit the entire balance of his Account. If a Participant incurs an Other Termination on or after attaining age fifty-five (55), he will forfeit the non-vested balance of his Account, as determined in accordance with Section 4.2(b) below.
(b)
Involuntary Termination. If a Participant incurs an Involuntary Termination either before or on or after attaining age fifty-five (55), he will forfeit the non-vested balance of his Account. The vested balance of a Participant's Account in the event of an Involuntary Termination is determined in accordance with Section 4.2(c) (or, if applicable, Section 4.2(a)) below.
(c)
Cause. If a Participant incurs a Termination of Employment for Cause, he will forfeit the entire balance, whether vested or not, of his Account.

 
End of Article III

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ARTICLE IV
COMPANY CONTRIBUTIONS, VESTING, ACCOUNTING
AND INVESTMENT CREDITING RATES
4.1    Company Contributions.
(a)
Annual Contribution. The Company will make an Annual Contribution to the ERA each Plan Year on behalf of each Participant in an amount equal to ten percent (10%) of the Participant’s Compensation unless the Executive Vice President & Chief Human Resources Officer or the Plan Administrator determine a different amount will apply and communicate that to the Participant in an offer letter or other communication. Unless declared otherwise by the Executive Vice President & Chief Human Resources Officer or the Plan Administrator, such Annual Contribution will be based on the Participant's Compensation on the date on which the Annual Contribution is made. In addition, in the case of Retirement on or after Normal Retirement Age, death, Disability, or an Involuntary Termination or change in position that results in the termination of active participation in the ERA without establishment of a successor plan within two (2) years after a Change of Control, a Participant will receive a prorated Annual Contribution based on the number of months during which he was employed from July 1 immediately preceding the applicable event. An Inactive Participant will have a zero percent (0%) Annual Contribution.
The Executive Vice President & Chief Human Resources Officer or the Plan Administrator may credit a Participant who transfers to an Affiliate that is not an Employer with an Annual Contribution based on his Compensation with such Affiliate without the need for such Affiliate to adopt the ERA as an Employer.
(b)
Discretionary Contribution. The Chief Executive Officer (or any successor title to such position) of the Company may declare that a Discretionary Contribution be made by the Employer to a Participant's Account in such amount, and at such time, as he may determine in his sole and absolute discretion.
4.2    Vesting in ERA Account.
(a)
Full Vesting Events. A Participant will become one hundred percent (100%) vested in the balance of his Account upon the occurrence of any of the following events while an Employee:
(i)
the Participant's attainment of age sixty (60) and completion of five (5) Years of Vesting Service;
(ii)
the Participant's attainment of sixty-two (62) regardless of Years of Vesting Service;
(iii)
the Participant's death;
(iv)
the Participant's Disability; or
(v)
the occurrence of a Change of Control.
(b)
Other Termination of Employment. Except in the case of a Termination of Employment for Cause, a Participant who incurs an Other Termination before the

15


occurrence of a full vesting event described in Section 4.2(a) will vest in the balance of his Account pursuant to the following schedule:
Vesting Schedule for Other Termination
Vesting (as a % of
Account Balance)
Age
54 and Below
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
Whole Years of Service
4 or less
0%
 
 
0
%
 
 
 
 
 
5
 
 
25
%
 
 
 
6
 
 
30
%
 
 
7
 
 
35
%
 
 
8
 
 
40
%
 
 
9
 
 
45
%
 
 
10
 
 
50
%
 
 
11
 
 
55
%
 
 
12
 
 
60
%
 
 
13
 
 
65
%
 
 
14
 
 
70
%
 
 
15
 
 
75
%
 
 
16
 
 
80
%
 
 
17
 
 
85
%
 
 
18
 
 
90
%
 
 
19
 
 
95
%
 
 
20
 
 
100
%
 
 

The non-vested portion of the Participant's Account will be forfeited as of the date of his Termination of Employment (subject to the rules set forth in Section 2.1(ww) (regarding an individual who is reemployed before experiencing a break in employment under the Company's Rehire and Reinstatement Policy (or any successor thereto))).
In the case of a Termination of Employment for Cause, the Participant will forfeit the entire balance of his Account regardless if vested or not.
(c)
Involuntary Termination of Employment. A Participant who incurs an Involuntary Termination before the occurrence of a full vesting event described in Section 4.2(a) will vest in the balance of his Account as follows:
Vesting Schedule for Involuntary Termination
Years of Vesting Service
Vested Percent
4 or less
0%
5
25%
6
30%
7
35%
8
40%
9
45%
10
50%
11
55%
12
60%

16


Vesting Schedule for Involuntary Termination
Years of Vesting Service
Vested Percent
13
65%
14
70%
15
75%
16
80%
17
85%
18
90%
19
95%
20
100%

The non-vested portion of the Participant's Account will be forfeited as of the date of his Termination of Employment.
4.3    Accounting for Deferred Compensation. The Plan Administrator will establish and maintain an individual Account or Accounts under the name of each Participant under the ERA. Depending on the Participant's selection of an investment crediting rate option pursuant to Section 4.4, the Plan Administrator may set up a Cash Account and/or a Stock Unit Account.
(a)
Cash Account. If a Participant has made an election to have the balance of his Account to be deemed invested in a fixed rate of return or benchmark mutual funds pursuant to Section 4.4(a) or Section 4.4(b), the Company may, in its sole and absolute discretion, establish and maintain a Cash Account for the Participant under this ERA. Each Cash Account will be adjusted at least monthly to reflect the Annual Contributions and Discretionary Contributions credited thereto, earnings credited on such Annual Contributions and Discretionary Contributions pursuant to Section 4.4, and any payment of such Annual Contributions or Discretionary Contributions under this ERA. Such Annual Contributions and any Discretionary Contributions made on behalf of the Participant will be credited to each Participant's Cash Account at such times as determined by the Human Resources Committee. In the sole discretion of the Plan Administrator. more than one (1) Cash Account may be established for each Participant to facilitate record keeping convenience and accuracy.
(b)
Stock Unit Account. If a Participant has made an election to have the balance of his Account to be deemed invested in Stock Units pursuant to Section 4.4(c), the Plan Administrator may, in its sole and absolute discretion. establish and maintain a Stock Unit Account and credit the Participant's Stock Unit Account with a number of Stock Units determined by dividing an amount equal to the Annual Contributions and Discretionary Contributions made on behalf of the Participant for a Plan Year by the Fair Market Value of a share of Stock on the date such Contributions are made. Such Stock Units will be credited to the Participant's Stock Unit Account as soon as administratively practicable after the determination of the number of Stock Units is made pursuant to the preceding sentence. In the sole and absolute discretion of the Plan Administrator, more than one Stock Unit Account may be established for each Participant to facilitate record-keeping convenience and accuracy. Each such Stock Unit Account will be credited and adjusted as provided in this ERA.
The Stock Units credited to a Participant's Stock Unit Account will be used solely as a device for determining the number of shares of Stock eventually to be distributed

17


to the Participant in accordance with this ERA. The Stock Units will not be treated as property of the Participant or as a trust fund of any kind. No Participant will be entitled to any voting or other stockholder rights with respect to Stock Units credited under this ERA.
If the outstanding shares of Stock are increased, decreased, or exchanged for a different number or kind of shares or other securities, or if additional shares or new or different shares or other securities are distributed with respect to such shares of Stock or other securities, through merger, consolidation, spin-off, sale of all or substantially all the assets of the Company, reorganization. recapitalization, reclassification, stock dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other distribution with respect to such shares of Stock or other securities, an appropriate and proportionate adjustment will be made by the Human Resources Committee in the number and kind of Stock Units credited to a Participant's Stock Unit Account.
(c)
Unfunded Nature of Accounts. Amounts credited to the Participant's Cash and Stock Unit Accounts will be held with the general assets of the Employer and, as provided in Section 7.2, will be subject to the claims of the Employer's general creditors. Establishment and maintenance of a separate Account or Accounts for each Participant will not be construed as giving any person any interest in assets of the Employer, or a right to payment other than as provided under this ERA. Such Accounts will be maintained until all amounts credited as to such Account have been distributed in accordance with the terms and provisions of this ERA.
4.4    Computation of Earnings Credited. The Participant may, pursuant to administrative procedures established by the RPAC, request the type of investment crediting rate option with which the Participant would like the Employer, in its sole and absolute discretion, to credit to the Participant's Account during the Participant's Employment. Such investment crediting rate election will apply to all contributions under the ERA; provided that no investment crediting will be made after the Participant incurs a Termination of Employment or transfers to an ineligible position, except as provided in Section 2,1(aa) (i.e., the Participant qualifies as an Inactive Participant who is not a participant in the SERP). To the extent the Participant has invested in Stock Units, upon his Termination of Employment or transfer to another position, the number of shares of Stock to which he is entitled will be determined and distributable to him pursuant to the terms of the ERA. For purposes of determining when a Participant incurs a Termination of Employment for investment crediting purposes, Employment will be deemed to have ceased on the last day of the calendar month of Employment.
The Participant will specify his preference from among the following possible investment crediting rate options:
(a)
The annual rate of interest based on the benchmark money market mutual fund, compounded daily, such benchmark money market mutual fund will be for periods before October 1, 2008, the Fidelity Money Market Fund and from October 1, 2008, through December 31, 2008, an annual rate of interest equal to one percent (1%) below the prime rate of interest as quoted by Bloomberg, compounded daily, and effective on and after January 1, 2009, an annual rate of interest equal to one hundred and twenty percent (120%) of the long-term applicable federal rate. compounded daily;
(b)
One (1) or more benchmark mutual funds; or

18


(c)
Stock Units; provided that any request to have the Participant's Account to be deemed invested in Stock Units is irrevocable (i.e., a Participant may only change such investment election on a prospective basis) and such amounts will be distributed in an equivalent whole number of shares of Stock pursuant to the provisions of Article V. Any fractional share interests will be paid in cash with the last distribution.
During his Employment, the Participant may change, on a monthly basis, the investment crediting rate preference under this Section 4.4 by filing an election in such manner as will be determined by the RPAC. Notwithstanding any request made by a Participant, the Company will not be bound by such request and the Company, in its sole and absolute discretion, will determine the investment rate with which to credit amounts contributed on behalf of Participants under this ERA, provided, however, that if the Company chooses an investment crediting rate other than the investment crediting rate requested by the Participant, such investment crediting rate cannot be less than (a) above. If a Participant fails to set forth his investment crediting rate preference under this Section 4.4, he will be deemed to have elected the investment crediting rate in (a) above. The RPAC will select from time to time, in its sole and absolute discretion, the possible investment crediting rate options to be offered under the ERA.

 
End of Article IV


19


ARTICLE V
DISTRIBUTION OF BENEFITS
5.1    Normal Retirement Distribution. A Participant who remains in the employ of the Employer until his Normal Retirement Age will receive a Normal Retirement Benefit equal to the vested balance of his Account as of the date of his Retirement. Except as provided in Section 10.3, payment of the Normal Retirement Benefit will begin on the first day of the second calendar month following the date of the Participant's Retirement in the form of equal annual installments through the date the Participant attains age eighty (80). Distributions will be made in the form of cash or Stock, depending on the Participant's investment crediting rates as provided in Section 4.4. The commencement of payment of the Normal Retirement Benefit will be subject to the six (6) month delay applicable to Key Employees under Section 5.4. A Participant who is entitled to a Normal Retirement Benefit distribution may elect to defer payment of such distribution pursuant to Section 5.7.
5.2    Early Retirement Distribution. A Participant who remains in the employ of the Employer until his Early Retirement Age (and is not entitled to a distribution by reason of an Involuntary Termination pursuant to Section 5.3(a)) will receive an Early Retirement Benefit equal to the vested balance of his Account as of the date of his Retirement. Payment of the Early Retirement Benefit will begin on the first day of the second calendar month following the date of the Participant's Retirement; provided, that the Participant timely elected (or was deemed to have timely elected) to receive an Early Retirement Benefit pursuant to Section 3.1(b) and did not subsequently elect to defer such payment pursuant to Section 5.7. Except as provided in Section 10.3, distribution of the Early Retirement Benefit will be made in the form of equal annual installments through the date the Participant attains age eighty (80). Distributions will be made in the form of cash or Stock, depending on the Participant's investment crediting rates as provided in Section 4.4. The commencement of the payment of the Early Retirement benefit will be subject to the six (6) month delay applicable to Key Employees under Section 5.4.
5.3    Termination of Employment Distribution. A Participant who incurs a Termination of Employment for a reason other than Retirement, Disability or death, will receive a distribution of the vested balance of his Account, if any, pursuant to this Section 5.3. The commencement of the payment of the vested balance of the Participant's Account will be subject to the six (6) month delay applicable to Key Employees under Section 5.4.
(a)
Involuntary Termination Distribution. If a Participant incurs an Involuntary Termination, he will receive payment of his vested Account balance, as determined in accordance with Section 4.2(c), commencing on the first day of the second calendar month following his attainment of age sixty-two (62) (regardless if the Participant has attained age fifty-five (55) and completed ten (10) Years of Vesting Service and has elected (or was deemed to have elected) an Early Retirement Benefit pursuant to Section 3.1(b)), unless he elected to defer payment pursuant to Section 5.7. Except as provided in Section 10.3, distribution of the Participant's vested Account balance will be made in equal annual installments through the date the Participant attains age eighty (80). Distributions will be made in the form of cash or Stock, depending on the Participant's investment crediting rates as provided in Section 4.4.

20


(b)
Other Termination Distribution. Except in the case of a Termination of Employment for Cause, if a Participant incurs an Other Termination after attaining age fifty-five (55) and completing ten (10) Years of Vesting Service and the Participant elected (or was deemed to have elected) an Early Retirement Benefit pursuant to Section 3.1(b), distribution of the Participant's vested Account balance will be made pursuant to Section 5.2. If the Participant has not completed ten (10) Years of Vesting Service or did not elect (or was not deemed to have elected) an Early Retirement Benefit, distribution of the Participant's vested Account balance will commence on the first day of the second calendar month following the date he attains age sixty-two (62) unless he elected to defer payment pursuant to Section 5.7. Except as provided in Section 10.3, distribution of the Participant's vested Account balance will be made in the form of equal annual installments through the date the Participant attains age eighty (80). Distributions will be made in the form of cash or Stock, depending on the Participant's investment crediting rates as provided in Section 4.4.
A Participant who incurs a Termination of Employment for Cause will forfeit the entire balance of his Account regardless if vested.
5.4    Termination Distributions to Key Employees. Distributions under this ERA that are payable to a Key Employee on account of a Termination of Employment, including Retirement, will be delayed for a period of six (6) months following such Participant's Termination of Employment. This six (6) month restriction will not apply, or will cease to apply, with respect to a distribution to a Participant's Beneficiary by reason of the death of the Participant.
5.5    Death Distribution. In the event of the Participant's death, his vested Account balance will be distributed as follows:
(a)
Death While an Employee. If the Participant dies while employed by the Employer, the Participant's vested Account balance, as determined pursuant to Section 4.2(a), will be paid to the Participant's Beneficiary in a lump sum, in cash and/or Stock depending on the Participant's investment crediting rates, by the later of the end of the Plan Year in which the Participant dies or ninety (90) days following the date of the Participant's death.
(b)
Death Following Termination. If the Participant dies after his Termination of Employment while receiving installment payments from the ERA, the remaining amount of such installment payments will be paid to the Participant's Beneficiary in a lump sum, in cash and/or Stock depending on the Participant's investment crediting rates, by the later of the end of the Plan Year in which the Participant dies or ninety (90) days following the date of the Participant's death. If the Participant dies after his Termination of Employment before he begins receiving installment payments from the ERA, his vested Account balance will be paid in a to his Beneficiary in a lump sum, in cash and/or Stock depending on the Participant's investment crediting rates, by the later of the end of the Plan Year in which the Participant dies or ninety (90) days following the date of the Participant's death.
Amounts distributed pursuant to this Section 5.5 will not be subject to or, in the event installment payments to the Participant had already commenced at the time of the

21


Participant's death, will cease to be subject to the six (6) month delay applicable to Key Employees under Section 5.4.
5.6    Disability Distribution. If a Participant incurs a Disability while employed by the Employer, distribution of his vested Account balance will begin on the first day of the second calendar month following the Participant's attainment of age sixty-five (65). Except as provided in Section 10.3, distribution of the Participant's vested Account will be made in the form of equal annual installments through the date the Participant attains age eighty (80). Distributions will be made in the form of cash or Stock, depending on the Participant's investment crediting rates as provided in Section 4.4. A Participant who is entitled to a Disability distribution may not elect to defer payment of such distribution pursuant to Section 5.7. Amounts distributed pursuant to this Section 5.6, will not be subject to the six (6) month delay applicable to Key Employees.
5.7    Deferral of Distributions. A Participant may elect to defer payment of his Normal Retirement Benefit payable pursuant to Section 5.1, his Early Retirement Benefit payable pursuant to Section 5.2 or a Termination of Employment distribution pursuant to Section 5.3 for a period of five (5) years from the date such payment would otherwise be made by making a deferral election at least twelve (12) months before the date payment would otherwise be made. In the event that the Participant becomes entitled to a distribution pursuant to Section 5.1, Section 5.2 or Section 5.3 during this twelve (12) month period, the deferral election will be of no effect and payment of the Participant's benefits will commence at the time specified in Section 5.1, Section 5.2 or Section 5.3, as applicable. A Participant who becomes entitled to distribution of a Disability benefit pursuant to Section 5.6 may not elect to defer payment of such distribution pursuant to this Section 5.7 and any deferral election made by such Participant will be null and of no effect.
5.8    Withholding. Any taxes or other legally required withholdings from distributions to Participants under the ERA will be deducted and withheld from the Participant's vested Accounts by the Employer, benefit provider or funding agent as required pursuant to applicable law. A Participant will be provided with a tax withholding election form for purposes of federal and state tax withholding, if applicable. A Beneficiary will be responsible for payment of his own federal, state and local taxes.
5.9    Impact of Reemployment on Benefits. If a Participant incurs a Termination of Employment and begins receiving, installment payments from the ERA and such Participant is reemployed by the Employer or an Affiliate, then such Participant's installment payments will continue as scheduled during the period of his reemployment.

 
End of Article V


22


ARTICLE VI
PAYMENT LIMITATIONS
6.1    Spousal Claims
(a)
Distribution of Benefit. In the event that an Alternate Payee is entitled to all or a portion of a Participant's vested Account balance pursuant to the terms of a DRO, such amount will be paid to the Alternate Payee in a lump sum, in cash or Stock, based on the Participant's investment crediting rates under the ERA as provided in Section 4.4 and the terms of the DRO, within ninety (90) days after the Plan Administrator approves the DRO.
An Alternate Payee must complete and deliver to the Plan Administrator all required forms within thirty (30) days from the date the Alternate Payee is notified by the Plan Administrator that the DRO has been accepted. The Alternate Payee will be responsible for payment of any federal, state or local taxes.
(b)
Determination of Qualification of DRO. The Plan Administrator will have sole and absolute discretion to determine whether a judgment, decree or order is a DRO, to determine whether a DRO will be accepted for purposes of this Section 6.1 and to make interpretations under this Section 6.1, including determining who is to receive benefits, the amount of such benefits, and the amount of taxes to be withheld. The decisions of the Plan Administrator will be binding on all parties with an interest.
(c)
Subject to ERA Provisions. Any benefits payable to an Alternate Payee pursuant to the terms of a DRO will be subject to all provisions and restrictions of the ERA and any dispute regarding such benefits will be resolved pursuant to the ERA claims procedure in Article VIII.
6.2    Legal Disability. If a person entitled to any payment under this ERA is, in the sole judgment of the Plan Administrator, under a legal disability, or otherwise is unable to apply such payment to his own interest and advantage, the Plan Administrator, in the exercise of its discretion, may direct the Employer or payor of the benefit to make any such payment in any one (1) or more of the following ways:
(a)
Directly to such person;
(b)
To his legal guardian or conservator; or
(c)
To his spouse or to any person charged with the duty of his support, to be expended for his benefit and/or that of his dependents.
The decision of the Plan Administrator will in each case be final and binding upon all persons in interest, unless the Plan Administrator reverses its decision due to changed circumstances.
6.3    Assignment. Except as provided in Section 6,1, no Participant or Beneficiary will have any right to assign, pledge, transfer, convey, hypothecate, anticipate or in any way create a lien on any amounts payable under this ERA. No amounts payable under this ERA will be subject to assignment or transfer or otherwise be alienable, either by voluntary or involuntary act, or by

23


operation of law, or subject to attachment, execution, garnishment, sequestration or other seizure under any legal, equitable or other process, or be liable in any way for the debts or defaults of Participants and their Beneficiaries.

 
End of Article VI


24


ARTICLE VII
FUNDING
7.1    No Right to Assets.
(a)
Employer Obligation. Benefits under this ERA will be funded solely by the Employer. Benefits under this ERA will constitute an unfunded general obligation of the Employer, but the Employer may create reserves, funds and/or provide for amounts to be held in trust to fund such benefits on its behalf. Payment of benefits may be made by the Employer, any trust established by the Employer or through a service or benefit provider to the Employer or such trust. Upon the occurrence of a Change of Control, the Company will establish a rabbi trust to fund the benefits accrued under the ERA as of the date of the Change of Control.
(b)
Rabbi Trust. Upon a Change of Control, the following will occur:
(i)
the Trust will become (or continue to be) irrevocable;
(ii)
for three (3) years following a Change of Control, the Trustee can only be removed as set forth in the Trust;
(iii)
if the Trustee is removed or resigns within three (3) years following a Change of Control, the Trustee will select a successor Trustee, as set forth in the Trust;
(iv)
for three (3) years following a Change of Control, the Company will be responsible for directly paying all Trustee fees and expenses, together with all fees and expenses incurred under Article VIII relating to the RPAC, Plan Administrator, and ERA administrative expenses (unless otherwise paid by the Trust from the Trust’s expense reserve); and
(v)
the Trust Agreement may be amended only as set forth in the Trust (with the Trustee's consent); provided, however, that no such amendment will (A) change the irrevocable nature of the Trust; (B) adversely affect a Participant's rights to benefits under the ERA without the consent of the Participant; (C) impair the rights of the Company's creditors under the Trust; or (D) cause the Trust to fail to be a "grantor trust" pursuant to Code sections 671 through 679.
7.2    Creditor Status. Participants and their Beneficiaries will be general unsecured creditors of their respective Employer with respect to the payment of any benefit under this ERA, unless such benefits are provided under a contract of insurance or an annuity contract that has been delivered to Participants, in which case Participants and their Beneficiaries will look to the insurance carrier or annuity provider for payment, and not to the Employer. The Employer's obligation for such benefit will be discharged by the purchase and delivery of such annuity or insurance contract.

 
End of Article VII


25


ARTICLE VIII
ADMINISTRATION
8.1    The RPAC. The overall administration of the ERA will be the responsibility of the RPAC.
8.2    Powers of RPAC. The RPAC will have sole and absolute discretion regarding the exercise of its powers and duties under this ERA. In order to effectuate the purposes of the ERA, the RPAC will have the following powers and duties:
(a)
To appoint the Plan Administrator;
(b)
To review and render decisions respecting a denial of a claim for benefits under the ERA;
(c)
To construe the ERA and to make equitable adjustments for any mistakes or errors made in the administration of the ERA; and
(d)
To determine and resolve, in its sole and absolute discretion, all questions relating to the administration of the ERA and the trust established to secure the assets of the ERA when differences of opinion arise between the Company, an Affiliate, the Plan Administrator, the Trustee, a Participant, or any of them, and whenever it is deemed advisable to determine such questions in order to promote the uniform and nondiscriminatory administration of the ERA for the greatest benefit of all parties concerned.
The foregoing list of express powers is not intended to be either complete or conclusive, and the RPAC will, in addition, have such powers as it may reasonably determine to be necessary or appropriate in the performance of its powers and duties under the ERA.
8.3    Appointment of Plan Administrator. The RPAC will appoint the Plan Administrator, who will have the responsibility and duty to administer the ERA on a daily basis. The RPAC may remove the Plan Administrator with or without cause at any time. The Plan Administrator may resign upon written notice to the RPAC.
8.4    Duties of Plan Administrator. The Plan Administrator will have sole and absolute discretion regarding the exercise of its powers and duties under this ERA. The Plan Administrator will have the following powers and duties:
(a)
To direct the administration of the ERA in accordance with the provisions herein set forth;
(b)
To adopt rules of procedure and regulations necessary for the administration of the ERA, provided such rules are not inconsistent with the terms of the ERA:
(c)
To determine all questions with regard to rights of Employees. Participants, and Beneficiaries under the ERA including, but not limited to, questions involving eligibility of an Employee to participate in the ERA, the amount of a Participant’s Annual Contribution and the value of a Participant's vested Account:

26


(d)
To enforce the terms of the ERA and any rules and regulations adopted by the RPAC;
(e)
To review and render decisions respecting a claim for a benefit under the ERA;
(f)
To furnish the Employer with information that the Employer may require for tax or other purposes;
(g)
To engage the service of counsel (who may, if appropriate, be counsel for the Employer), actuaries, and agents whom it may deem advisable to assist it with the performance of its duties;
(h)
To prescribe procedures to be followed by Participants in obtaining benefits;
(i)
To receive from the Employer and from Participants such information as is necessary for the proper administration of the ERA;
(j)
To establish and maintain, or cause to be maintained, the individual Accounts described in Section 4.3;
(k)
To create and maintain such records and forms as are required for the efficient administration of the ERA;
(l)
To make all determinations and computations concerning the benefits, credits and debits to which any Participant, or other Beneficiary, is entitled under the ERA;
(m)
To give the Trustee of the trust established to serve as a source of funds under the ERA specific directions in writing with respect to:
(i)
making distribution payments, giving the names of the payees, specifying the amounts to be paid and the time or times when payments will be made; and
(ii)
making any other payments which the Trustee is not by the terms of the trust agreement authorized to make without a direction in writing by the Plan Administrator;
(n)
To comply with all applicable lawful reporting and disclosure requirements of ERISA;
(o)
To comply (or transfer responsibility for compliance to the Trustee) with all applicable federal income tax withholding requirements for benefit distributions; and
(p)
To construe the ERA, in its sole and absolute discretion, and make equitable adjustments for any errors made in the administration of the ERA.
The foregoing list of express duties is not intended to be either complete or conclusive, and the Plan Administrator will, in addition, exercise such other powers and perform such other duties as it may deem necessary, desirable, advisable or proper for the supervision and administration of the ERA.

27


8.5    Indemnification of RPAC and Plan Administrator. To the extent not covered by insurance, or if there is a failure to provide full insurance coverage for any reason, and to the extent permissible under corporate by-laws and other applicable laws and regulations. the Employer agrees to hold harmless and indemnify the RPAC and Plan Administrator against any and all claims and causes of action by or on behalf of any and all parties whomsoever, and all losses therefrom, including, without limitation, costs of defense and reasonable attorneys' fees, based upon or arising out of any act or omission relating to or in connection with the ERA other than losses resulting from the RPAC's, or any such person's commission of fraud or willful misconduct.
8.6    Claims for Benefits.
(a)
Initial Claim. In the event that an Employee, Eligible Person, Participant or his Beneficiary (a “claimant”) claims to be eligible for benefits, or claims any rights under this ERA, such claimant must complete and submit such claim forms and supporting documentation as will be required by the Plan Administrator, in its sole and absolute discretion. Likewise, any claimant who feels unfairly treated as a result of the administration of the ERA must file a written claim. setting forth the basis of the claim, with the Plan Administrator. In connection with the determination of a claim, or in connection with appeal of a denied claim. the claimant may examine this ERA, and any other pertinent documents generally available to Participants that are specifically related to the claim and may appoint an authorized representative to pursue the claim on his behalf. References to the claimant include his authorized representative, when applicable.
Different claims procedures apply to claims for benefits on account of Disability, referred to as "Disability claims," and all other claims for benefits, referred to as "non-Disability claims "
(b)
Non-Disability Claims.
(i)
Initial Decision on Non-Disability Claim. If a claimant files a non-Disability claim, written notice of the disposition of such claim will be furnished to the claimant within ninety (90) days after the claim is filed with the Plan Administrator unless special circumstances require an extension of time for processing the claim. Such extension will not exceed ninety (90) days and no extension will be allowed unless, within the initial ninety (90)-day period, the claimant is sent an extension notice indicating the special circumstances requiring the extension and specifying a date by which the Plan Administrator expects to issue its final decision. If the claim is denied, the Plan Administrator's notice will set forth:
(A)
The specific reason or reasons for the denial;
(B)
Specific references to pertinent ERA provisions on which the Plan Administrator based its denial;
(C)
A description of any additional material and information needed for the claimant to perfect his claim and an explanation of why the material or information is needed;

28


(D)
A statement that the claimant may:
(1)
Appeal the claim in writing to the RPAC, including a description of such appeal procedures and the time limits applicable to such procedures;
(2)
Review pertinent ERA documents;
(3)
Submit issues and comments in writing; and
(4)
Pursue arbitration following the denial of the claim on appeal;
(E)
A statement that any appeal that the claimant wishes to make of the adverse determination must be made in writing to the RPAC within ninety (90) days after receipt of the Plan Administrator's notice of denial of benefits; and
(F)
A statement that his failure to appeal the action to the RPAC in writing within the ninety (90)-day period will render the Plan Administrator's determination final, binding, and conclusive.
All benefits provided in this ERA as a result of the disposition of a claim will be paid as soon as practicable following receipt of proof of entitlement, if requested.
(ii)
Appeal of Denied Non-Disability Claim. Within ninety (90) days after receiving written notice of the Plan Administrator's denial of his initial non-Disability claim, the claimant may file with the RPAC a written appeal of his claim. If the claimant does not file an appeal within ninety (90) days after receiving written notice of the Plan Administrator's disposition of the claim, the claimant will be deemed to have accepted the Plan Administrator's written disposition, unless the claimant was physically or mentally incapacitated so as to be unable to file an appeal within the ninety (90) day period.
(iii)
Decision on Appeal of Non-Disability Claim. After receipt by the RPAC of a written appeal of a non-Disability claim, the RPAC will review the claim taking into account all comments, documents, records and other information submitted by the claimant regarding the claim without regard to whether such information was considered in the initial benefit determination. The RPAC will notify the claimant of its decision by delivery or by certified or registered mail to his last known address. A decision on appeal of the claim will be made by the RPAC at its next meeting following receipt of the appeal. If no meeting of the RPAC is scheduled within forty-five (45) days of receipt of the appeal, then the RPAC will hold a special meeting to review such appeal within such forty-five (45) day period. If special circumstances require an extension of the forty-five (45) day period, the RPAC will so notify the claimant and a decision will be made within ninety (90) days of receipt of the appeal. In any event, if a claim is not determined by the RPAC within ninety (90) days of receipt of the appeal, it will be deemed to be denied.

29


The decision of the RPAC will be provided to the claimant as soon as possible but no later than five (5) days after the determination on appeal is made. The decision will be in writing and will include the specific reasons for the decision presented in a manner calculated to be understood by the claimant and will contain references to all relevant ERA provisions on which the decision was based. Such decision will also advise the claimant that he may receive upon request, and free of charge, reasonable access to and copies of all documents, records and other information relevant to his claim and will inform the claimant of his right to arbitration in the case of an adverse decision regarding his appeal. The decision of the RPAC will be final and conclusive.
(c)
Disability Claims. The ERA will ensure that all Disability claims and appeals are adjudicated in a manner designed to ensure the independence and impartiality of the persons involved in making the decision by ensuring that decisions regarding hiring, compensation, termination, promotion, or other similar matters with respect to any individual, such as a medical or vocational expert, must not be based upon the likelihood that the individual will support the denial of benefits.
(i)
Initial Decision on Disability Claim. The Plan Administrator will notify the claimant the initial decision on a Disability claim no later than forty-five (45)-days after receipt of the claim by the Plan. This period may be extended by the Plan Administrator for up to thirty (30) days provided that the Plan Administrator determines that such an extension is necessary due to matters beyond the control of the ERA and the claimant is notified before the expiration of the initial forty-five (45)-day period of the circumstances requiring the extension of time and the date by which the Plan Administrator expects to make a decision. If, before the first thirty (30)-day extension period, the Plan Administrator determines that, due to matters beyond the control of the ERA, a decision can not be made within that extension period, the period for making the initial benefit determination may be extended for up to an additional thirty (30) days provided that the claimant is notified before the expiration of the first thirty (30)-day extension period of the circumstances requiring the extension and the date as of which the Plan Administrator expects to issue a decision. In the case of any extension, the notice of extension will specifically explain the standards on which entitlement to a benefit by reason of Disability is based, the unresolved issues that prevent a decision on the claim, and the additional information needed to resolve those issues and the claimant will be given at least forty-five (45) days within which to provide the specified information.
The claimant will be provided with written or electronic notification of any adverse benefit determination (i.e., denial) of a disability claim, in a culturally and linguistically appropriate manner by providing oral language services (such as a telephone customer assistance hotline) that includes answering questions in any “applicable non-English language,” as defined below, and providing assistance with filing claims and appeals in any applicable non-English language, providing, upon request, a notice in any applicable non-English language and including in the English version of all notices, a

30


statement prominently displayed in any applicable non-English language clearly indicating how to access the language services provided by the ERA. For this purpose a non-English language is an applicable non-English language if ten percent (10%) or more of the population residing in the county to which a notice is sent is literate only in the same non-English language, as determined in guidance issued by the Secretary of the Department of Labor. The notification will set forth, in a manner calculated to be understood by the claimant:
(A)
the specific reason or reasons for the denial;
(B)
reference to the specific ERA provisions on which the denial is based;
(C)
a description of any additional material or information necessary for the claimant to perfect the claim and an explanation of why such material or information is necessary;
(D)
a description of the ERA's review procedures and the time limits applicable to such procedures, including a statement of the claimant's right to bring a civil action under section 502 of ERISA following the denial of an appeal;
(E)
a discussion of the decision, including an explanation of the basis for disagreeing with or not following (i) the views presented by the claimant to the ERA of health care professionals treating the claimant and the vocational professionals who evaluated the claimant, (ii) the views of medical or vocational experts whose advice was obtained on behalf of the ERA in connection with the denial, without regard to whether the advice was relied on in making the benefit determination, and (iii) a disability determination regarding the claimant presented by the claimant to the ERA made by the Social Security Administration;
(F)
if the denial is based on a medical necessity or experimental treatment or similar exclusion or limit, either an explanation of the scientific or clinical judgement for the determination, applying the terms of the ERA to the claimant’s medical circumstances, or a statement that such explanation will be provided free of charge upon request;
(G)
either the specific internal rules, guidelines, protocols, standards or other similar criteria of the ERA relied upon in denying the claim or, alternatively, a statement that such rules, guidelines, protocols, standards or other similar criteria do not exist; and
(H)
a statement that the claimant is entitled to receive, upon request and free of charge, reasonable access to, and copies of, all documents, records, and other information relevant to the claim for benefits.
(ii)
Appeal of Denial of Disability Claim

31


(A)
Opportunity for Full and Fair Review. A claimant will be provided a reasonable opportunity to appeal the denial of his Disability claim under which there will be a full and fair review of the claim and the denial. Accordingly:
(1)
a claimant will be provided one hundred and eighty (180) days following receipt of notice of the denial of the Disability claim to appeal such determination;
(2)
a claimant will be provided the opportunity to submit written comments, documents, records or other information relating to the Disability claim on appeal;
(3)
a claimant will be provided, upon request and free of charge, reasonable access to and copies of all documents, records and other information relevant to the Disability claim;
(4)
appellant review will take into account all comments, documents, records and other information submitted by the claimant relating to the Disability claim without regard to other such information once submitted or considered in the initial benefit determination;
(5)
such appeal will not afford deference to the initial denial and will be conducted by the RPAC, which is an appropriate Named Fiduciary of the ERA and which will neither be the individual who denied the Disability claim that is subject to the appeal nor the subordinate of such individual;
(6)
in the case of any appeal of a denied Disability claim that is based in whole or in part on a medical judgment, the claimant will be entitled to a review by the RPAC based on the RPAC's consultation with a health care professional who has appropriate training and experience in the field of medicine involved in the medical judgment whereby such professional is neither an individual who was consulted in connection with the denial that is the subject of the appeal nor the subordinate of any such individual;
(7)
the claimant will be provided with the identity of the medical or vocational experts whose advice was obtained on behalf of the ERA in connection with the denial of the Disability claim, without regard to whether the advice was relied upon in making the benefit determination; and
(8)
as soon as possible and sufficiently in advance of the date on which the notice on the appeal is required to be provided, the RPAC or its delegate will provide the claimant, free of charge, with any new or additional evidence and/or rationale

32


considered, relied upon, or generated by the ERA in connection with the Disability claim.
(B)
Timing of Decision on Appeal of Disability Claim. The decision on appeal of the claim will be made by the RPAC at its next meeting following receipt of the appeal. If no meeting of the RPAC is scheduled within forty-five (45) days of receipt of the appeal, then the RPAC will hold a special meeting to review such appeal within such forty-five (45) day period. If special circumstances require an extension of the forty-five (45) day period, the RPAC will so notify the claimant and a decision will be made within ninety (90) days of receipt of the appeal. In any event, if the appeal is not determined by the RPAC within ninety (90) days after its receipt of the appeal, it will be deemed to be denied.
(C)
Decision on Appeal of Disability Claim. The decision of the RPAC will be provided to the claimant as soon as possible but no later than five (5) days after the determination on appeal is made. The claimant will be provided with written or electronic notification of the ERA’s benefit determination on appeal in a culturally and linguistically appropriate manner by providing oral language services (such as a telephone customer assistance hotline) that includes answering questions in any “applicable non-English language,” as defined below, and providing assistance with filing claims and appeals in any applicable non-English language, providing, upon request, a notice in any applicable non-English language and including in the English version of all notices, a statement prominently displayed in any applicable non-English language clearly indicating how to access the language services provided by the ERA. For this purpose a non-English language is an applicable non-English language if ten percent (10%) or more of the population residing in the county to which a notice is sent is literate only in the same non-English language, as determined in guidance issued by the Secretary of the Department of Labor. If the appeal is denied, the notification will set forth, in a manner calculated to be understood by the claimant:
(1)
the specific reason or reasons for the appeal decision;
(2)
reference to the specific ERA provisions on which the appeal decision is based;
(3)
a statement that the claimant is entitled to receive, upon request and free of charge, reasonable access to and copies of all documents, records and other information relevant to the Disability claim for benefits;
(4)
a statement describing the ERA's appeals procedures, the right to obtain information about such procedures, a statement of the claimant’s right to file a civil action under

33


section 502 of ERISA including a description of any applicable contractual limitations period that applies to the claimant’s right to bring such action, including the date on which the contractual limitations period expires for the claim;
(5)
a discussion of the appeal decision, including an explanation of the basis for disagreeing with or not following (i) the views presented by the claimant to the ERA of health care professionals treating the claimant and the vocational professionals who evaluated the claimant, (ii) the views of medical or vocational experts whose advice was obtained on behalf of the ERA in connection with the claimant’s appeal, without regard to whether the advice was relied on in denying the appeal, and (iii) a disability determination regarding the claimant presented by the claimant to the ERA made by the Social Security Administration;
(6)
if the denial on appeal is based on a medical necessity or experimental treatment or similar exclusion or limit, either an explanation of the scientific or clinical judgement for the denial on appeal, applying the terms of the ERA to the claimant’s medical circumstances, or a statement that such explanation will be provided free of charge upon request; and
(7)
either the specific internal rules, guidelines, protocols, standards or other similar criteria of the ERA relied upon in denying the appeal or, alternatively, a statement that such rules, guidelines, protocols, standards or other similar criteria do not exist.
8.7    Arbitration. In the event the claims review procedure described in Section 8.6 of the ERA with respect to non-Disability claims does not result in an outcome thought by the claimant to be in accordance with the ERA document, he may appeal to a third party neutral arbitrator. The claimant must appeal to an arbitrator within sixty (60) days after receiving the RPAC’s denial or deemed denial of his request for review and before bringing suit in court. The arbitration will be conducted pursuant to the American Arbitration Association (“AAA”) Rules on Employee Benefit Claims.
The arbitrator will be mutually selected by the claimant and the RPAC from a list of arbitrators who are experienced in nonqualified deferred compensation plan benefit matters that is provided by the AAA. If the parties are unable to agree on the selection of an arbitrator within ten (10) days of receiving the list from the AAA, the AAA will appoint an arbitrator. The arbitrator’s review will be limited to interpretation of the ERA document in the context of the particular facts involved. The claimant, the RPAC and the Company agree to accept the award of the arbitrator as binding, and all exercises of power by the arbitrator hereunder will be final, conclusive and binding on all interested parties, unless found by a court of competent jurisdiction, in a final judgment that is no longer subject to review or appeal, to be arbitrary and capricious. The claimant, RPAC and the Company agree that the venue for the arbitration will be in Dallas, Texas. The costs of arbitration will be paid by the Company; the costs of legal representation for the claimant or witness costs for the claimant

34


will be borne by the claimant; provided, that, as part of his award, the Arbitrator may require the Company to reimburse the claimant for all or a portion of such amounts.
The following discovery may be conducted by the parties: interrogatories, demands to produce documents, requests for admissions and oral depositions. The arbitrator will resolve any discovery disputes by such pre hearing conferences as may be needed. The Company, RPAC and claimant agree that the arbitrator will have the power of subpoena process as provided by law. Disagreements concerning the scope of depositions or document production, its reasonableness and enforcement of discovery requests will be subject to agreement by the Company and the claimant or will be resolved by the arbitrator. All discovery requests will be subject to the proprietary rights and rights of privilege and other protections granted by applicable law to the Company and the claimant and the arbitrator will adopt procedures to protect such rights. With respect to any dispute, the Company, RPAC and the claimant agree that all discovery activities will be expressly limited to matters directly relevant to the dispute and the arbitrator will be required to fully enforce this requirement.
The arbitrator will have no power to add to, subtract from, or modify any of the terms of the ERA, or to change or add to any benefits provided by the ERA, or to waive or fail to apply any requirements of eligibility for a benefit under the ERA. Nonetheless, the arbitrator will have absolute discretion in the exercise of its powers in this ERA. Arbitration decisions will not establish binding precedent with respect to the administration or operation of the ERA.
8.8    Receipt and Release of Necessary Information. In implementing the terms of this ERA, the RPAC and Plan Administrator, as applicable, may, without the consent of or notice to any person, release to or obtain from any other insuring entity or other organization or person any information, with respect to any person, which the RPAC or Plan Administrator deems to be necessary for such purposes. Any Participant or Beneficiary claiming benefits under this ERA will furnish to the RPAC or Plan Administrator, as applicable, such information as may be necessary to determine eligibility for and amount of benefit, as a condition of claiming and receiving such benefit.
8.9    Overpayment and Underpayment of Benefits. The Plan Administrator may adopt, in its sole and absolute discretion, whatever rules, procedures and accounting practices are appropriate in providing for the collection of any overpayment of benefits. If a Participant or Beneficiary receives an underpayment of benefits. the Plan Administrator will direct that payment be made as soon as practicable to make up for the underpayment. If an overpayment is made to a Participant or Beneficiary. for whatever reason, the Plan Administrator may, in its sole and absolute discretion, (a) withhold payment of any further benefits under the ERA until the overpayment has been collected; provided, that the entire amount of reduction in any calendar year does not exceed five thousand dollars ($5,000), and the reduction is made at the same time and in the same amount as the debt otherwise would have been due and collected from the Participant, or (b) may require repayment of benefits paid under this ERA without regard to further benefits to which the Participant or Beneficiary may be entitled.
8.10    Change of Control. Upon a Change of Control and for the following three (3) years thereafter, if any arbitration arises relating to an event occurring or a claim made within three (3) years of a Change of Control, (i) the arbitrator will not decide the claim based on an abuse of discretion principle or give the previous RPAC decision any special deference, but rather will

35


determine the claim de novo based on its own independent reading of the ERA; and (ii) the Company will pay the Participant's reasonable legal and other related fees and expenses, by applying Section 3.1(f) of the ESP (except that if the Participant is not entitled to severance benefits under the ESP on account of the Termination of Employment that entitles the Participant to receive benefits under this ERA, the reference to the “shorter of the Severance Period or the Reimbursement Period” in the ESP will be changed to the “Reimbursement Period” only).

 
End of Article VIII



36


ARTICLE IX
OTHER BENEFIT PLANS OF THE COMPANY
9.1    Other Plans. Nothing contained in this ERA will prevent a Participant before his death, or a Participant's spouse or other Beneficiary after such Participant's death, from receiving, in addition to any payments provided for under this ERA, any payments provided for under any other plan or benefit program of the Employer or an Affiliate, or which would otherwise be payable or distributable to him, his surviving spouse or Beneficiary under any plan or policy of the Employer, an Affiliate or otherwise. Nothing in this ERA will be construed as preventing the Company or any of its Affiliates from establishing any other or different plans providing for current or deferred compensation for employees. Unless otherwise specifically provided in any plan of the Company intended to "qualify” under section 401 of the Code, Compensation made under this ERA will constitute earnings or compensation for purposes of determining contributions or benefits under such qualified plan.

 
End of Article IX



37


ARTICLE X
AMENDMENT AND TERMINATION OF THE PLAN
10.1    Continuation. The Company intends to continue this ERA indefinitely, but nevertheless assumes no contractual obligation beyond the promise to pay the benefits described in this ERA.
10.2    Amendment of ERA. The Company, through an action of the Human Resources Committee, reserves the right in its sole and absolute discretion to amend this ERA in any respect at any time, except that upon or during the two (2) year period after any Change of Control of the Company, (a) ERA benefits cannot be reduced, (b) Articles VIII and X and Section 7.1(b) cannot be changed, and (c) (except as provided in Section 10.3) no prospective amendment that adversely affects the rights or obligations of a Participant may be made unless the affected Participant receives at least one (1) year's advance written notice of such amendment.
Moreover, no amendment may ever be made that retroactively reduces or diminishes the rights of any Participant to the benefits described herein that have been accrued or earned through the date of such amendment, even if a Termination of Employment has not yet occurred with respect to such Participant.
In addition to the Human Resources Committee, the RPAC has the right to make non-material amendments to the ERA to comply with changes in the law or to facilitate ERA administration; provided, however, that each such proposed non¬-material amendment must be discussed with the Chairperson of the Human Resources Committee in order to determine whether such change would constitute a material amendment to the ERA.
The provisions of this Section 10.2 will not restrict the right of the Company to terminate this ERA under Section 10.3 below or the termination of an Affiliate’s participation under Section 10.4 below.
10.3    Termination of ERA. The Company, through an action of the Human Resources Committee, may terminate or suspend this ERA in whole or in part at any time, provided that no such termination or suspension will deprive a Participant, or person claiming benefits under this ERA through a Participant, of any amount credited to his Account under this ERA up to the date of suspension or termination. Except as required by applicable law and pursuant to the valuation of such Account pursuant to Section 4.4, the Human Resources Committee may decide to liquidate the ERA upon termination under the following circumstances:
(a)
Corporate Dissolution or Bankruptcy. The Human Resources Committee may terminate and liquidate the ERA within twelve (12) months of a corporate dissolution taxed under section 331 of the Code or with the approval of a bankruptcy court pursuant to 11 U.S.C. § 503(b)(1)(A); provided, that the amounts deferred under the ERA are included in Participants' gross income in the latest of the following years (or if earlier, the taxable year in which the amount is actually or constructively received):
(i)
The calendar year in which the ERA termination and liquidation occurs.
(ii)
The first calendar year in which the amount is no longer subject to a substantial risk of forfeiture.

38


(iii)
The first calendar year in which the payment is administratively practicable.
(b)
Change in Control. The Human Resources Committee may terminate and liquidate the ERA within the thirty (30) days preceding or the twelve (12) months following a Change in Control (except on account of a liquidation or dissolution of the Company), provided that all plans or arrangements that would be aggregated with the ERA under section 409A of the Code are also terminated and liquidated with respect to each Participant that experienced the Change in Control event so that under the terms of the ERA and all such arrangements the Participant is required to receive all amounts of compensation deferred under such arrangements within twelve (12) months of the termination of the ERA or arrangement, as applicable. In the case of a Change of Control event which constitutes a sale of assets, the termination of the ERA pursuant to this Section 10.3(b) may be made with respect to the Employer that is primarily liable immediately after the Change of Control transaction for the payment of benefits under the ERA.
(c)
Termination of ERA. The Human Resources Committee may terminate and liquidate the ERA provided that (i) the termination and liquidation does not occur by reason of a downturn of the financial health of the Company or an Employer, (ii) all plans all plans or arrangements that would be aggregated with the ERA under section 409A of the Code are also terminated and liquidated, (iii) no payments in liquidation of the ERA are made within twelve (12) months of the date of termination of the ERA other than payments that would be made in the ordinary course operation of the ERA, (iv) all payments are made within twenty-four (24) months of the date the ERA is terminated and (v) the Company or the Employer, as applicable depending on whether the ERA is terminated with respect to such entity, do not adopt a new plan that would be aggregated with the ERA within three (3) years of the date of the termination of the ERA.
10.4    Termination of Affiliate's Participation. An Affiliate may terminate its participation in the ERA at any time by an action of its governing body and providing written notice to the Company. Likewise, the Company may terminate an Affiliate's participation in the ERA at any time by an action of the Human Resources Committee and providing written notice to the Affiliate. The effective date of any such termination will be the later of the date specified in the notice of the termination of participation or the date on which the RPAC can administratively implement such termination. In the event that an Affiliate's participation in the ERA is terminated, unless declared otherwise by the Company and specified in an Exhibit each Participant employed by such Affiliate will continue to participate in the ERA as an inactive Participant and will be entitled to a distribution of his entire Account or a portion thereof upon his Termination of Employment pursuant to Section 5.3.

 
End of Article X


39


ARTICLE XI
MISCELLANEOUS
11.1    No Reduction of Employer Rights. Nothing contained in this ERA will be construed as a contract of employment between the Employer and an Employee, or as a right of any Employee to continue in the Employment of the Employer, or as a limitation of the right of the Employer to discharge any of its Employees, with or without cause.
11.2    Provisions Binding. All of the provisions of this ERA will be binding upon all persons who will be entitled to any benefit hereunder, their heirs and personal representatives.

 
End of Article XI



40


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Eighth Amended and Restated Tenet Executive Retirement Account has been executed on this 19th day of June, 2019, effective as of April 26, 2019, except as specifically provided otherwise herein.
 
 
TENET HEALTHCARE CORPORATION
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
By:
/s/ Paul Slavin
 
Paul Slavin, Vice President, Total Rewards
 
 
 
 


41340.2


EXHIBIT A
LIMITS ON ELIGIBILITY AND PARTICIPATION
Section 3.1 of the Tenet Executive Retirement Account (the ''Prior ERA'') provided the Retirement Plans Administration Committee, formerly the Pension Administration Committee (the “RPAC”), with the authority to limit the classification of employees of Tenet Healthcare Corporation or its participating affiliates (collectively the "Employer") eligible to participate in the ERA and/or to limit or terminate an Eligible Person's participation in the ERA at any time and states that any such limitation will be set forth in this Exhibit A. This provision has been continued in this Eighth Amended and Restated Tenet Executive Retirement Account. This Exhibit A identifies the employees excluded from ERA participation pursuant to this provision.
Name

TITLE
Effective Date And
Applicable Modification
 
 
 
 
 
 


A-1
Exhibit 31(a)

Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification

I, Ronald A. Rittenmeyer, certify that:

1.
I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Tenet Healthcare Corporation (the “Registrant”);

2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.
The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Registrant and have:

(a)
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)
Evaluated the effectiveness of the Registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)
Disclosed in this report any change in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the Registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.
The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the Registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.


 
 
Date: August 5, 2019
/s/ RONALD A. RITTENMEYER
 
Ronald A. Rittenmeyer
 
Executive Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Exhibit 31(b)

Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification

I, Daniel J. Cancelmi, certify that:

1.
I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Tenet Healthcare Corporation (the “Registrant”);

2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.
The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Registrant and have:

(a)
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)
Evaluated the effectiveness of the Registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)
Disclosed in this report any change in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the Registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.
The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the Registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.


Date: August 5, 2019
/s/ DANIEL J. CANCELMI
 
Daniel J. Cancelmi
 
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Exhibit 32

Certifications Pursuant to Section 1350 of Chapter 63
of Title 18 of the United States Code

We, the undersigned Ronald A. Rittenmeyer and Daniel J. Cancelmi, being, respectively, the Executive Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Tenet Healthcare Corporation (the “Registrant”), do each hereby certify that (i) the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019 (the “Form 10-Q”), to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof, fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and (ii) the information contained in the Form 10-Q fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Registrant and its subsidiaries.

 
 
Date: August 5, 2019
/s/ RONALD A. RITTENMEYER
 
Ronald A. Rittenmeyer
 
Executive Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
 
 
 
 
Date: August 5, 2019
/s/ DANIEL J. CANCELMI
 
Daniel J. Cancelmi
 
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350; it is not being filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act, and is not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of the Registrant, whether made before or after the date hereof, regardless of any general incorporation language in such filing.