The following discussion and analysis is intended to provide a better understanding of the consolidated financial condition and results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 .  This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements, related notes and selected financial data appearing elsewhere in this report.

Forward-Looking Statements

This report may contain certain forward-looking statements, such as discussions of the Company’s pricing and fee trends, credit quality and outlook, liquidity, new business results, expansion plans, anticipated expenses and planned schedules. The Company intends such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1955. Forward-looking statements, which are based on certain assumptions and describe future plans, strategies and expectations of the Company, are identified by use of the words “believe,” ”expect,” ”intend,” ”anticipate,” ”estimate,” ”project,” or similar expressions. Actual results could differ materially from the results indicated by these statements because the realization of those results is subject to many risks and uncertainties, including those described in Item 1A. “Risk Factors” and other sections of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K and the Company’s other filings with the SEC, and changes in interest rates, general economic conditions and those in the Company’s market area, legislative/regulatory changes, monetary and fiscal policies of the U.S. Government, including policies of the U.S. Treasury and the Federal Reserve Board, the quality or composition of the loan or investment portfolios and the valuation of the investment portfolio, the Company’s success in raising capital, demand for loan products, deposit flows, competition, demand for financial services in the Company’s market area and accounting principles, policies and guidelines. Furthermore, forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made. Except as required under the federal securities laws or the rules and regulations of the SEC, we do not undertake any obligation to update or review any forward-looking information, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

Recent Acquisition

On September 8, 2016, the Company completed its acquisition of First Clover Leaf. Financial results for 2016 include the income and expenses of First Clover Leaf Bank for the period September 9 through December 31, 2016.  At the date of the acquisition, the fair value of First Clover Leaf’s total assets was $669 million, including $438 million in loans. $537 million in deposits were also included.  Net income before taxes was positively impacted by $911,000 due to First Clover Leaf Bank’s purchase accounting net accretion during 2016, net of amortization expense of intangibles.  During 2016, the Company incurred $1,340,000 of pre-tax acquisition expenses related to the acquisition of First Clover Leaf, comprised primarily of legal, investment banking, and consulting costs. 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014

Overview

This overview of management’s discussion and analysis highlights selected information in this document and may not contain all of the information that is important to you. For a more complete understanding of trends, events, commitments, uncertainties, liquidity, capital resources, and critical accounting estimates, you should carefully read this entire document. These have an impact on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations.

Net income was $21.8 million , $16.5 million , and $15.5 million and diluted earnings per share were $2.05 , $1.81 , and $1.85 for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 , respectively. The increase in net income in 2016 was primarily the result of an increase in net interest income due to growth in earning assets from the acquisitions and strong loan growth in our legacy markets. Also, non-interest income increased with increased revenues from insurance, electronic services and deposit service charges. The following table shows the Company’s annualized performance ratios for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 :

Total assets at December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 were $2.88 billion , $2.11 billion , and $1.61 billion , respectively. Net loan balances increased to $1.81 billion at December 31, 2016 , from $1.27 billion at December 31, 2015 , from $ 1.05 billion at December 31, 2014 . Of the increase in 2016 , $439 million was due to loans acquired in the First Clover Leaf acquisition. In addition, $65 million or 12% was due to increases in commercial real estate loans and $35.8 million or 6.6% was due to increases in commercial and industrial loans. Of the increase in 2015 , $152 million was due to loans acquired in ONB Branch purchase. In addition, $48.7 million or 22% was due to increases in commercial and industrial loans and $20.7 million or 9.0% was due to increases in loans secured by real estate. Of the increase in 2014 , $19.8 million or 2.7% was due to increases in loans secured by real estate and $55.4 million or 32.9% was due to increases in commercial and industrial loans.  

Total deposit balances increased to $2.33 billion at December 31, 2016 from $1.73 billion at December 31, 2015 and from $1.27 billion at December 31, 2014 . The increase in 2016 was primarily the result of the acquisition of First Clover Leaf during the third quarter of 2016 that included $550 million in deposits. The increase in 2015 was primarily the result of the acquisition of the ONB Branches during third quarter of 2015 that included $454 million in deposits .

Net interest margin, defined as net interest income divided by average interest-earning assets, was 3.28% for 2016 , 3.27% for 2015 and 3.43% for 2014 . In 2016, the ratio was modestly higher due to loan growth and the inclusion of First Clover Leaf for a full quarter. The decrease during 2015 was primarily due to the decline in earning asset yields from the higher amount of interest bearing deposits or short-term liquidity from the ONB Branch acquisition and declines in loan yields.

Net interest income increased to $71.2 million in 2016 from $55.8 million in 2015 and $51.5 million in 2014 .  In 2016, net interest income increased primarily due to growth in average earnings assets including loans and investments primarily due to the acquisition of First Clover Leaf and the ONB branches. The net interest margin was higher due to loan growth and the acquisition of First Clover leaf. In 2015, net interest income increased primarily due to assets added in the acquisition of twelve ONB Branches and the growth in average earning assets. The net interest margin decreased primarily due to the decline in earning asset yield from the higher amount of interest bearing deposits or short-term liquidity from the acquisition and declines in loan and investment yields.

Non-interest income increased to $26.9 million in 2016 compared to $20.5 million in 2015 and $18.4 million in 2014 . ATM revenue increased by $1.3 million or 28.4% , and service charge income increased $1.1 million or 19.5% primarily due to increased transactions following the First Clover Leaf acquisition, Mortgage banking income increased $418,000 or 55.4% as refinance activity and new purchase activity has increased due to lower mortgage rates. Additionally, insurance commissions increased $1.3 million or 63.8% compared to last year due to additional revenues from Illiana Insurance Agency.

Non-interest expenses increased $12.3 million , to $61.5 million in 2016 compared to $49.2 million in 2015 , and $44.5 million in 2014 .  The increase during 2016 was primarily due to expenses incurred of $1.3 million to acquire First Clover Leaf, expenses for the operation of the First Clover Leaf branches from acquisition in September to year-end and expense for the operation of the twelve ONB Branches acquired in August of 2015. In addition, salaries & benefits expense increased $6.0 million or 22.8% , and occupancy & equipment expense increased $2.3 million or 24.9% . The increase during 2015 was primarily due to expenses incurred of $1.4 million to acquire the twelve ONB Branches and expenses for the operation of the branches from acquisition in August through year-end.

Following is a summary of the factors that contributed to the changes in net income (in thousands):

Credit quality is an area of importance to the Company. Year-end total nonperforming loans were $18.2 million at December 31, 2016 compared to $4.0 million at December 31, 2015 , and $4.5 million at December 31, 2014 .  The increase in provision expense in 2016 was primarily due to an increase in loan balances and an increase in non-performing loans. Total non-performing loans for First Clover Leaf were $10.8 million and First Mid Bank non-performing loans were $7.4 million at December 31, 2016. The decrease in 2015 and 2014 was the result of loans that paid off or became current during the year and loans transferred to other real estate owned. Other real estate owned balances totaled $2.0 million at December 31, 2016 compared to $478,000 at December 31, 2015 , and $263,000 at December 31, 2014 . The increase in 2016 was primarily due to properties acquired in the acquisition of First Clover Leaf Bank net of properties sold during 2016. The increase in 2015 was due to more properties being transferred in than sold during the year. The Company’s provision for loan losses was $2.8 million for 2016 , compared to $1.3 million for 2015 , and $629,000 for 2014 .  The increase in provision expense was primarily due to an increase in loan balances and an increase in non-performing loans for First Mid Bank. Loans secured by both commercial and residential real estate comprised 67% , 66% , and 70% of the loan portfolio for 2016 , 2015 , and 2014, respectively.

The Company also held an investment in one trust preferred security with a fair value of $1.7 million and unrealized losses of $1.4 million compared to a fair value of $1.9 million and unrealized losses of $1.2 million at December 31, 2015 . During 2016 and 2015 the Company did not record any additional impairment charges for these securities. See Note 4 – “Investment Securities” for additional details regarding these investments.

The Company’s capital position remains strong and the Company has consistently maintained regulatory capital ratios above the “well-capitalized” standards. The Company’s Tier 1 capital ratio to risk weighted assets ratio at December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 was 11.99% , 13.23% , and 14.42%, respectively. The Company’s total capital to risk weighted assets ratio at December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 was 12.79% , 14.25% ,and 15.60%, respectively. In 2016, the primary reason for the decrease in these ratios was the First Clover Leaf acquisition which increased risk-weighted assets by approximately $649 million offset by stock issued of approximately $65.9 million, lower preferred dividends due to the conversion of Series C Preferred Stock, and the movement of cash from the Old National branch acquisition into loans and investments that require higher capital allocation. In 2015, the primary reason for the decrease in these ratios was completion of the acquisition of twelve ONB Branches which increased risk-weighted assets by approximately $227 million offset by completion of private placement capital raise completed during the second quarter of 2015 which resulted in an increase in common stockholder's equity of approximately $29.3 million. The increase in these ratios during 2014 was primarily the result of an increase in retained earnings from current year net income and slightly lower preferred dividends due to the conversion of Series B Preferred Stock.

The Company’s liquidity position remains sufficient to fund operations and meet the requirements of borrowers, depositors, and creditors. The Company maintains various sources of liquidity to fund its cash needs. See “Liquidity” herein for a full listing of its sources and anticipated significant contractual obligations.

The Company enters into financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include lines of credit, letters of credit and other commitments to extend credit.  The total outstanding commitments at December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 were $485.1 million , $298.3 million , and $242.8 million , respectively.  See Note 17 – “Commitments and Contingent Liabilities” herein for further information.

Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Significant Estimates

The Company has established various accounting policies that govern the application of U.S. generally accepted accounting principles in the preparation of the Company’s financial statements. The significant accounting policies of the Company are described in the footnotes to the consolidated financial statements. Certain accounting policies involve significant judgments and assumptions by management that have a material impact on the carrying value of certain assets and liabilities; management considers such accounting policies to be critical accounting policies. The judgments and assumptions used by management are based on historical experience and other factors, which are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Because of the nature of the judgments and assumptions made by management, actual results could differ from these judgments and assumptions, which could have a material impact on the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the results of operations of the Company.

Allowance for Loan Losses. The Company believes the allowance for loan losses is the critical accounting policy that requires the most significant judgments and assumptions used in the preparation of its consolidated financial statements. An estimate of potential losses inherent in the loan portfolio are determined and an allowance for those losses is established by considering factors including historical loss rates, expected cash flows and estimated collateral values. In assessing these factors, the Company uses organizational history and experience with credit decisions and related outcomes. The allowance for loan losses represents the best estimate of losses inherent in the existing loan portfolio. The allowance for loan losses is increased by the provision for loan losses charged to expense and reduced by loans charged off, net of recoveries. The Company evaluates the allowance for loan losses quarterly. If the underlying assumptions later prove to be inaccurate based on subsequent loss evaluations, the allowance for loan losses is adjusted.

The Company estimates the appropriate level of allowance for loan losses by separately evaluating impaired and nonimpaired loans. A specific allowance is assigned to an impaired loan when expected cash flows or collateral do not justify the carrying amount of the loan. The methodology used to assign an allowance to a nonimpaired loan is more subjective. Generally, the allowance assigned to nonimpaired loans is determined by applying historical loss rates to existing loans with similar risk characteristics, adjusted for qualitative factors including the volume and severity of identified classified loans, changes in economic conditions, changes in credit policies or underwriting standards, and changes in the level of credit risk associated with specific industries and markets. Because the economic and business climate in any given industry or market, and its impact on any given borrower, can change rapidly, the risk profile of the loan portfolio is continually assessed and adjusted when appropriate. Notwithstanding these procedures, there still exists the possibility that the assessment could prove to be significantly incorrect and that an immediate adjustment to the allowance for loan losses would be required.

Other Real Estate Owned. Other real estate owned acquired through loan foreclosure is initially recorded at fair value less costs to sell when acquired, establishing a new cost basis. The adjustment at the time of foreclosure is recorded through the allowance for loan losses. Due to the subjective nature of establishing the fair value when the asset is acquired, the actual fair value of the other real estate owned or foreclosed asset could differ from the original estimate. If it is determined that fair value temporarily declines subsequent to foreclosure, a valuation allowance is recorded through noninterest expense. Operating costs associated with the assets after acquisition are also recorded as noninterest expense. Gains and losses on the disposition of other real estate owned and foreclosed assets are netted and posted to other noninterest expense.

Investment in Debt and Equity Securities. The Company classifies its investments in debt and equity securities as either held-to-maturity or available-for-sale in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting  Standards (SFAS) No. 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities,” which was codified into ASC 320. Securities classified as held-to-maturity are recorded at cost or amortized cost. Available-for-sale securities are carried at fair value. Fair value calculations are based on quoted market prices when such prices are available. If quoted market prices are not available, estimates of fair value are computed using a variety of techniques, including extrapolation from the quoted prices of similar instruments or recent trades for thinly traded securities, fundamental analysis, or through obtaining purchase quotes. Due to the subjective nature of the valuation process, it is possible that the actual fair values of these investments could differ from the estimated amounts, thereby affecting the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company. If the estimated value of investments is less than the cost or amortized cost, the Company evaluates whether an event or change in circumstances has occurred that may have a significant adverse effect on the fair value of the investment. If such an event or change has occurred and the Company determines that the impairment is other-than-temporary, a further determination is made as to the portion of impairment that is related to credit loss. The impairment of the investment that is related to the credit loss is expensed in the period in which the event or change occurred. The remainder of the impairment is recorded in other comprehensive income.

Deferred Income Tax Assets/Liabilities. The Company’s net deferred income tax asset arises from differences in the dates that items of income and expense enter into our reported income and taxable income. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are established for these items as they arise. From an accounting standpoint, deferred tax assets are reviewed to determine if they are realizable based on the historical level of taxable income, estimates of future taxable income and the reversals of deferred tax liabilities. In most cases, the realization of the deferred tax asset is based on future profitability. If the Company were to experience net operating losses for tax purposes in a future period, the realization of deferred tax assets would be evaluated for a potential valuation reserve.

Additionally, the Company reviews its uncertain tax positions annually under FASB Interpretation No. 48 (FIN No. 48), “ Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes ,” codified within ASC 740. An uncertain tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is "more likely than not" that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The amount actually recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely to be recognized on examination. For tax positions not meeting the "more likely than not" test, no tax benefit is recorded. A significant amount of judgment is applied to determine both whether the tax position meets the "more likely than not" test as well as to determine the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely to be recognized. Differences between the position taken by management and that of taxing authorities could result in a reduction of a tax benefit or increase to tax liability, which could adversely affect future income tax expense.

Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets. Core deposit and customer relationships, which are intangible assets with a finite life, are recorded on the Company’s balance sheets. These intangible assets were capitalized as a result of past acquisitions and are being amortized over their estimated useful lives of up to 15 years. Core deposit intangible assets, with finite lives will be tested for impairment when changes in events or circumstances indicate that its carrying amount may not be recoverable. Core deposit intangible assets were tested for impairment during 2016 as part of the goodwill impairment test and no impairment was deemed necessary.

As a result of the Company’s acquisition activity, goodwill, an intangible asset with an indefinite life, is reflected on the balance sheets. Goodwill is evaluated for impairment annually, unless there are factors present that indicate a potential impairment, in which case, the goodwill impairment test is performed more frequently than annually.

Fair Value Measurements. The fair value of a financial instrument is defined as the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or liquidation sale. The Company estimates the fair value of a financial instrument using a variety of valuation methods. Where financial instruments are actively traded and have quoted market prices, quoted market prices are used for fair value. When the financial instruments are not actively traded, other observable market inputs, such as quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics, may be used, if available, to determine fair value. When observable market prices do not exist, the Company estimates fair value. The Company’s valuation methods consider factors such as liquidity and concentration concerns. Other factors such as model assumptions, market dislocations, and unexpected correlations can affect estimates of fair value. Imprecision in estimating these factors can impact the amount of revenue or loss recorded.

SFAS No. 157, “ Fair Value Measurements” , which was codified into ASC 820, establishes a framework for measuring the fair value of financial instruments that considers the attributes specific to particular assets or liabilities and establishes a three-level hierarchy for determining fair value based on the transparency of inputs to each valuation as of the fair value measurement date. The three levels are defined as follows:

At the end of each quarter, the Company assesses the valuation hierarchy for each asset or liability measured. From time to time, assets or liabilities may be transferred within hierarchy levels due to changes in availability of observable market inputs to measure fair value at the measurement date. Transfers into or out of hierarchy levels are based upon the fair value at the beginning of the reporting period. A more detailed description of the fair values measured at each level of the fair value hierarchy can be found in Note 11 – “Disclosures of Fair Values of Financial Instruments.”