Large accelerated filer [  ]	Accelerated filer [X]
Non-accelerated filer [  ]	Smaller reporting company [  ]
	Emerging growth company [  ]

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PART I

ITEM 1.	BUSINESS

Company and Subsidiaries

First Mid Bancshares, Inc. (the “Company”), formerly known as First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc., is a financial holding company.  The Company is engaged in the business of banking through its wholly owned subsidiary, First Mid Bank & Trust, N.A. (“First Mid Bank”).  The Company provides data processing services to affiliates through another wholly owned subsidiary, Mid-Illinois Data Services, Inc. (“MIDS”).  The Company offers insurance products and services to customers through its wholly owned subsidiary, First Mid Insurance Group, Inc. (“First Mid Insurance”).  The Company offers trust, farm services, investment services, and retirement planning through its wholly owned subsidiary, First Mid Wealth Management Company. The Company also wholly owns a captive insurance company, First Mid Captive, Inc. In addition, the Company also wholly owns three statutory business trusts, First Mid-Illinois Statutory Trust II (“First Mid Trust II”), Clover Leaf Statutory Trust I ("CLST Trust"), and FBTC Statutory Trust I ("FBTCST I"), all of which are unconsolidated subsidiaries of the Company.

The Company, a Delaware corporation, was incorporated on September 8, 1981, and pursuant to the approval of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve Board”) became the holding company owning all of the outstanding stock of First National Bank, Mattoon (“First National”) on June 1, 1982.  First National changed its name to First Mid-Illinois Bank & Trust, N.A. in 1992, and subsequently changed its name to First Mid Bank & Trust, N.A. in 2019. The Company acquired all of the outstanding stock of a number of community banks or thrift institutions on the following dates, and subsequently combined their operations with those of the Company:

•	Mattoon Bank, Mattoon on April 2, 1984

•	State Bank of Sullivan on April 1, 1985

•	Cumberland County National Bank in Neoga on December 31, 1985

•	First National Bank and Trust Company of Douglas County on December 31, 1986

•	Charleston Community Bank on December 30, 1987

•	Heartland Federal Savings and Loan Association on July 1, 1992

•	Downstate Bancshares, Inc. on October 4, 1994

•	American Bank of Illinois on April 20, 2001

•	Peoples State Bank of Mansfield on May 1, 2006

•	First Clover Leaf Financial on September 8, 2016

•	First BancTrust Corporation on August 10, 2018

•	SCB Bancorp Inc. on November 15, 2018

In 1997, First Mid Bank acquired the Charleston, Illinois branch location and the customer base of First of America Bank and in 1999 acquired the Monticello, Taylorville and DeLand branch offices and deposit base of Bank One Illinois, N.A.

First Mid Bank also opened a de novo branch in Decatur, Illinois (2000); de novo branches in Champaign, Illinois and Maryville, Illinois (2002), a de novo branch in Highland, Illinois (2005) de novo branches in Decatur, Illinois and Champaign, Illinois (2009), and a de novo branch in Decatur, Illinois (2013).

In 2002, the Company acquired all of the outstanding stock of The Checkley Agency, Inc., an insurance agency located in Mattoon.

On September 10, 2010, First Mid Bank acquired 10 Illinois branches from First Bank, a Missouri state chartered bank, located in Bartonville, Bloomington, Galesburg, Knoxville, Peoria and Quincy, Illinois.

On August 14, 2015 First Mid Bank acquired 12 Illinois branch offices (the "ONB Branches") of Old National Bank in Southern Illinois, a national banking association having its principal office in Evansville, Indiana, located in Lawrenceville, Mt Carmel, Mt Vernon, Carmi, De Soto, Murphysboro, Marion, Harrisburg, Carterville and Carbondale, Illinois.

On December 1, 2015 First Mid Insurance acquired Illiana Insurance Agency, LTD ("Illiana"), an insurance agency based in Philo, Illinois.

On November 13, 2019, First Mid Insurance acquired Gentry-Couch, Inc. ("Couch"), an insurance agency based in Carterville, Illinois.

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Employees

The Company and its subsidiaries collectively employed 827 people on a full-time equivalent basis as of December 31, 2019.  The Company places a high priority on staff development, which involves extensive training, including customer service training.  New employees are selected on the basis of experience, technical skills and customer service capabilities.  None of the employees are covered by a collective bargaining agreement with the Company. The Company offers a variety of employee benefits.

Business Lines

The Company has chosen to operate in three primary lines of business—community banking through First Mid Bank, wealth management through First Mid Wealth Management Company, and insurance brokerage through First Mid Insurance.  Of these, the community banking line contributes approximately 83% of the Company’s total revenues.  Within the community banking line, the Company serves commercial, retail and agricultural customers with a broad array of deposit and loan related products.  The wealth management line provides estate planning, investment and farm management services for individuals and employee benefit services for business enterprises.  The insurance brokerage line provides commercial lines insurance to businesses as well as homeowner, automobile, health, life and other types of personal lines insurance to individuals. All three lines emphasize a “hands on” approach to service so that products and services can be tailored to fit the specific needs of existing and potential customers.  Management believes that by emphasizing this personalized approach, the Company can, to a degree, diminish the trend towards homogeneous financial services, thereby differentiating the Company from competitors and allowing for slightly higher operating margins in each of the three lines.

Business Strategies

Vision Statement. The Company’s vision statement is to be a nimble, independent, community-focused financial organization committed to quality and growth for the benefit of all stakeholders.

Growth Strategy.  The Company believes that growth of revenues and its customer base is vital to the goal of increasing the value of its shareholders’ investment. The Company strives to create shareholder value by maintaining a strong balance sheet and increasing profits. Management attempts to grow in two primary ways:

· by organic growth through adding new customers and selling more products and services to existing customers; and

· by strategic acquisitions.

Virtually all of the Company’s customer-contact personnel, in each of its business lines, are engaged in organic growth efforts to one degree or another. These personnel attempt to match products and services with the particular financial needs of individual customers and prospective customers.  Many senior officers of the organization are required to attend monthly meetings where they report on their business development efforts and results.  Executive management uses these meetings as an educational and risk management opportunity as well.  Cross-selling opportunities are encouraged and measured between the business lines and is facilitated by an on-line application.

Within the community banking line, the Company has focused on growing business operating and real estate loans.  Total commercial real estate loans have increased from $409 million at December 31, 2015 to $996 million at December 31, 2019.  Of this increase, approximately $20 million was the result of the acquisition of the ONB Branches in the third quarter of 2015, $156 million was the result of the acquisition of First Clover Leaf in the third quarter of 2016, $55 million was the result of the acquisition of First Bank during the second quarter of 2018, and $50 million was the result of the acquisition of Soy Capital Bank during the fourth quarter of 2018. Approximately 63% of the Company’s total revenues were derived from lending activities in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019. The Company has also focused on growing its commercial and retail deposit base through growth in checking, money markets and customer repurchase agreement balances. The wealth management line has focused its growth efforts on estate planning and investment services for individuals and employee benefit services for businesses as well as , farm management and brokerage services.  The insurance brokerage line has focused on increasing property and casualty, senior insurance products and group medical insurance for businesses and personal lines insurance to individuals.

Growth through acquisitions has been an integral part of the Company’s strategy for an extended period of time.  When reviewing acquisition possibilities, the Company focuses on those organizations where there is a cultural fit with its existing operations and where there is a strong likelihood of building shareholder value.  

Customer Strategy. The Company uses its market and customer knowledge to build relationships that provide high-value customer experiences that continually improve customer satisfaction and loyalty.

Employee Strategy. The Company strives for employee engagement at all levels of the organization. The judgments, experiences and capabilities of these employees are used to create an environment where meeting the needs of our customer, communities and stockholders is always a priority.

Strategy for Operations & Infrastructure. Operationally, the Company centralizes most administrative and operational tasks within its home office in Mattoon, Illinois. This allows branches to maintain customer focus, helps assure compliance with banking regulations, keeps fixed administrative costs at as low a level as practicable, and allows for better management of risk inherent in the business. The Company also utilizes technology where practicable in daily banking activities to reduce the potential for human error. While the Company does not employ every new technology that is introduced, it attempts to be competitive with other banking organizations with respect to operational and customer technology.

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Shareholder Strategy. The Company strives to provide a competitive dividend as well as the opportunity for stock price appreciation and is focused on improving the liquidity of the stock.

Risk Management Strategy. The Company maintains a comprehensive risk management framework. The Company has initiated an Enterprise Risk Management (“ERM”) process whereby management assesses the relevant risks inherent in the business, determines internal controls and procedures are in place to address the various risks, develops a structure for monitoring and reporting risk indicators and trends over time, and incorporates action plans to manage risk positions. The ERM process was not undertaken as a result of any weaknesses or deficiencies identified during the Company’s control assessments but rather is part of the Company’s effort to continually assess and improve by taking a more holistic approach to risk management. The Company's Chief Risk Management Officer is responsible for facilitating the ERM process. The Company utilizes a comprehensive set of operational policies and procedures that have been developed over time. These policies are continually reviewed by management, the Chief Risk Management Officer, and the Board of Directors. The Company’s internal audit function completes procedures to ensure compliance with these policies. While there are several risks that pertain to the business of banking, three risks that are inherent with most banking companies are credit risk, interest rate risk, and liquidity risk.

In the business of banking, credit risk is an important risk as losses from uncollectible loans can diminish capital, earnings and shareholder value.  In order to address this risk, the lending function of First Mid Bank receives significant oversight from executive management and the Board of Directors.  An important element of credit risk management is the quality, experience and training of the loan officers. The Company has invested, and will continue to invest, significant resources to ensure the quality, experience and training of our loan officers in order to keep credit losses at a minimum. In addition to the human element of credit risk management, the Company’s loan policies address the additional aspects of credit risk.  Most lending personnel have signature authority that allows them to lend up to a certain amount based on their own judgment as to the creditworthiness of a borrower. The amount of the signature authority is based on the lending officers’ experience and training.  The Senior Loan Committee, consisting of the most experienced lenders within the organization, must approve all underwriting decisions in excess of $4 million and up to $15 million. The Board of Directors must approve all underwriting decisions in excess of $15 million. The legal lending limit for First Mid Bank was $61.7 million at December 31, 2019. While the underlying nature of lending will result in some amount of loan losses, First Mid's loan loss experience has been good with average net charge offs amounting to $2.7 million (0.15% of total loans) over the past five years. Nonperforming loans were $27.8 million (1.03% of total loans) at December 31, 2019.  These percentages have historically compared well with peer financial institutions and continue to do so today.

Interest rate and liquidity risk are two other forms of risk embedded in the banking business. The Company’s Asset Liability Management Committee, consisting of experienced individuals, from various departments, who monitor all aspects of interest rates and maturities of interest earning assets and interest paying liabilities, manages these risks.  The underlying objectives of interest rate and liquidity risk management are to shelter the Company’s net interest margin from changes in interest rates while maintaining adequate liquidity reserves to meet unanticipated funding demands.  The Company uses financial modeling technology as a tool for evaluating these risks.  Despite the tools and methods used to monitor this risk, a sustained unfavorable interest rate environment will lead to some amount of compression in the net interest margin.  During 2019, the Company’s net interest margin on a tax-effected basis decreased to 3.64% from 3.79% in 2018 primarily due to less accretion income and higher funding costs in a more competitive and challenging interest rate environment.

Markets and Competition

The Company has active competition in all areas in which First Mid Bank does business.  The banks compete for commercial and individual deposits, loans, and trust business with many east central Illinois banks, savings and loan associations, and credit unions.  The principal methods of competition in the banking and financial services industry are quality of services to customers, ease of access to facilities, on-line services and pricing of services, including interest rates paid on deposits, interest rates charged on loans, and fees charged for fiduciary and other banking services.

During 2019, First Mid Bank operated branches in the Illinois counties of Adams, Champaign, Christian, Clark, Coles, Cumberland, Dewitt, Douglas, Edgar, Effingham, Jackson, Jefferson, Kankakee, Knox, Lawrence, Macon, Madison, Moultrie, McClean, Peoria, Piatt, Saline, St Clair, Wabash, White and Williamson and in Missouri, St. Louis county.  Each branch primarily serves the community in which it is located.  First Mid Bank served thirty-seven different communities with sixty-four separate locations in Illinois, 1 location in Missouri, and a loan production office in Indiana. 

Website

The Company maintains a website at www.firstmid.com.  All periodic and current reports of the Company and amendments to these reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) can be accessed, free of charge, through this website and at www.sec.gov as soon as reasonably practicable after these materials are filed with the SEC.

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First BancTrust Corporation

On December 11, 2017, the Company and Project Hawks Merger Sub LLC (formerly known as Project Hawks Merger Sub Corp.), a newly formed Delaware limited liability company and wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (“Hawks Merger Sub”), entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (as amended as of January 18, 2018, the “First Bank Merger Agreement") with First BancTrust Corporation, a Delaware corporation (“First Bank”), pursuant to which, among other things, the Company agreed to acquire 100% of the issued and outstanding shares of First Bank pursuant to a business combination whereby First Bank merged with and into Hawks Merger Sub, with Hawks Merger Sub as the surviving entity and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (the “First Bank Merger”).

Subject to the terms and conditions of the First Bank Merger Agreement, at the effective time of the First Bank Merger, each share of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of First Bank issued and outstanding immediately prior to the effective time of the First Bank Merger (other than shares held in treasury by First Bank and shares held by stockholders who have properly made and not withdrawn a demand for appraisal rights under Delaware law) converted into and become the right to receive, (a) $5.00 in cash and (b) 0.800 shares of common stock, par value $4.00 per share, of the Company and cash in lieu of fractional shares, less any applicable taxes required to be withheld and subject to certain adjustments, all as set forth in the First Bank Merger Agreement.

The First Bank Merger closed on May 1, 2018 and the Company issued an aggregate total of 1,643,900 shares of common stock and paid approximately $10,275,000, including cash in lieu of fractional shares. The accounting for the First Bank Merger is presented in Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements. First Bank’s wholly-owned bank subsidiary, First Bank & Trust, merged with and into the Company’s wholly owned bank subsidiary, First Mid Bank, on August 10, 2018. At the time of the bank merger, First Bank & Trust’s banking offices became branches of First Mid Bank.

SCB Bancorp, Inc.

On June 12, 2018, The Company and Project Almond Merger Sub LLC, a newly formed Illinois limited liability company and wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (“Almond Merger Sub”), entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “SCB Merger Agreement”) with SCB Bancorp, Inc., an Illinois corporation (“SCB”), pursuant to which, among other things, the Company agreed to acquire 100% of the issued and outstanding shares of SCB pursuant to a business combination whereby SCB will merge with and into Almond Merger Sub, whereupon the separate corporate existence of SCB will cease and Merger Sub will continue as the surviving company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (the “SCB Merger”).

Subject to the terms and conditions of the SCB Merger Agreement, at the effective time of the SCB Merger, each share of common stock, par value $7.50 per share, of SCB issued and outstanding immediately prior to the effective time of the SCB Merger were converted into and become the right to receive, at the election of each stockholder, either $307.93 in cash or 8.0228 shares of common stock, par value $4.00 per share, of the Company and cash in lieu of fractional shares, less any applicable taxes required to be withheld. In addition, immediately prior to the closing of the proposed merger, SCB paid a special dividend to its shareholders in the aggregate amount of approximately $25 million. The SCB Merger was subject to customary closing conditions, including the approval of the appropriate regulatory authorities and of the stockholders of SCB.

The SCB Merger was completed November 15, 2018 and an aggregate of 1,330,571 shares of common stock were issued, and approximately $19,046,000 was paid, to the stockholders of SCB, including cash in lieu of fractional shares. Soy Capital Bank and Trust Company (“Soy Capital Bank”), merged with and into First Mid Bank on April 6, 2019. At the time of the bank merger, Soy Capital Bank’s banking offices will become branches of First Mid Bank.

Capital Raise

On June 13, 2018, the Company and First Mid Bank entered into an underwriting agreement (the “Underwriting Agreement”) with FIG Partners, LLC, as the representative of the several underwriters named therein (the “Underwriters”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue and sell to the Underwriters and the Underwriters agreed to purchase, subject to and upon the terms and conditions of the Underwriting Agreement, an aggregate of 823,799 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $4.00 per share, at a public offering price of $38.00 per share, in an underwritten public offering (the “Offering”). The Company granted the Underwriters an option for a period of 30 days after the date of the Underwriting Agreement to purchase up to an additional 123,569 shares of common stock at the public offering price, less discounts and commissions. The Underwriters exercised their option in full on June 13, 2018, resulting in 947,368 shares of common stock being offered in the Offering. The Offering closed on June 15, 2018. The net proceeds to the Company, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses, were approximately $34.0 million.

At-The-Market Program

On August 16, 2017, the Company entered into a Sales Agency Agreement, pursuant to which the Company may sell, from time to time, up to an aggregate of $20 million of its common stock. Shares of common stock are offered pursuant to the Company's shelf registration statement filed within the SEC. During 2018 and 2019, the company sold no shares of common stock under the program. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2017, the company sold 98,710 shares of common stock at the weighted average price of approximately $35.13, representing gross proceeds of $3.47 million and net proceeds of $3.4 million. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, approximately $16.53 million of common stock remained available for issuance under the At The Market program.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

At the Annual Meeting of Stockholders held April 25, 2018, the stockholders approved the First Mid Bancshares, Inc. Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”).  The ESPP provides eligible employees with the opportunity to purchase shares of common stock of the Company at a 5% discount through payroll deductions. The ESPP is intended to qualify as an employee stock purchase plan under Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code.  A maximum of 600,000 shares of common stock may be issued under the ESPP.   As of December 31, 2019, 8,899 shares were issued pursuant to ESPP.

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Supervision and Regulation

General

Financial institutions, financial services companies, and their holding companies are extensively regulated under federal and state law.  As a result, the growth and earnings performance of the Company can be affected not only by management decisions and general economic conditions, but also by the requirements of applicable state and federal statutes and regulations and the policies of various governmental regulatory authorities including, but not limited to, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (the “OCC”), the Federal Reserve Board, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”), the Internal Revenue Service and state taxing authorities.  Any change in applicable laws, regulations or regulatory policies may have material effects on the business, operations and prospects of the Company and First Mid Bank.  The Company is unable to predict the nature or extent of the effects that fiscal or monetary policies, economic controls or new federal or state legislation may have on its business and earnings in the future.

Federal and state laws and regulations generally applicable to financial institutions and financial services companies, such as the Company and its subsidiaries, regulate, among other things, the scope of business, investments, reserves against deposits, capital levels relative to operations, the nature and amount of collateral for loans, the establishment of branches, mergers, consolidations and dividends. The system of supervision and regulation applicable to the Company and its subsidiaries establishes a comprehensive framework for their respective operations and is intended primarily for the protection of the FDIC’s deposit insurance fund and the depositors, rather than the stockholders, of financial institutions.

The following references to material statutes and regulations affecting the Company and its subsidiaries are brief summaries thereof and do not purport to be complete, and are qualified in their entirety by reference to such statutes and regulations.  Any change in applicable law or regulations may have a material effect on the business of the Company and its subsidiaries.

Financial Modernization Legislation

The 1999 Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (the “GLB Act”) significantly changed financial services regulation by expanding permissible non-banking activities of bank holding companies and removing certain barriers to affiliations among banks, insurance companies, securities firms and other financial services entities.  These activities and affiliations can be structured through a holding company structure or, in the case of many of the activities, through a financial subsidiary of a bank.  The GLB Act also established a system of federal and state regulation based on functional regulation, meaning that primary regulatory oversight for a particular activity generally resides with the federal or state regulator having the greatest expertise in the area.  Banking is supervised by banking regulators, insurance by state insurance regulators and securities activities by the SEC and state securities regulators.  The GLB Act also requires the disclosure of agreements reached with community groups that relate to the Community Reinvestment Act, and contains various other provisions designed to improve the delivery of financial services to consumers while maintaining an appropriate level of safety in the financial services industry.

The GLB Act repealed the anti-affiliation provisions of the Glass-Steagall Act and revised the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 (the “BHCA”) to permit qualifying holding companies, called “financial holding companies,” to engage in, or to affiliate with companies engaged in, a full range of financial activities, including banking, insurance activities (including insurance portfolio investing), securities activities, merchant banking and additional activities that are “financial in nature,” incidental to financial activities or, in certain circumstances, complementary to financial activities.  A bank holding company’s subsidiary banks must be “well-capitalized” and “well-managed” and have at least a “satisfactory” Community Reinvestment Act rating for the bank holding company to elect and maintain its status as a financial holding company.

A significant component of the GLB Act’s focus on functional regulation relates to the application of federal securities laws and SEC oversight of some bank securities activities previously exempt from broker-dealer registration.  Among other things, the GLB Act amended the definitions of “broker” and “dealer” under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, to remove the blanket exemption for banks.  Under the GLB Act, banks may conduct securities activities without broker-dealer registration only if the activities fall within a set of activity-based exemptions designed to allow banks to conduct only those activities traditionally considered to be primarily banking or trust activities.

Securities activities outside these exemptions, as a practical matter, need to be conducted by a registered broker-dealer affiliate.  The GLB Act also amended the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 to require the registration of banks that act as investment advisers for mutual funds. The Company believes that it has taken the necessary actions to comply with these requirements of the GLB Act and the regulations adopted under them.

Anti-Terrorism Legislation

The USA PATRIOT Act of 2001 included the International Money Laundering Abatement and Anti-Terrorist Financing Act of 2001 (the “IMLAFA”). The IMLAFA contains anti-money laundering measures affecting insured depository institutions, broker-dealers, and certain other financial institutions. The IMLAFA requires U.S. financial institutions to adopt policies and procedures to combat money laundering and grants the Secretary of the Treasury broad authority to establish regulations and to impose requirements and restrictions on financial institutions’ operations. The Company has established policies and procedures for compliance with the IMLAFA and the related regulations. The Company has designated an officer solely responsible for ensuring compliance with existing regulations and monitoring changes to the regulations as they occur.

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Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act

The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) was signed into law on July 21, 2010.  Generally, the Act is effective the day after it was signed into law, but different effective dates apply to specific sections of the law. The Act, among other things:

 

•	Resulted in the Federal Reserve issuing rules limiting debit-card interchange fees.

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After a three-year phase-in period which began January 1, 2013, existing trust preferred securities for holding companies with consolidated assets greater than $15 billion and all new issuances of trust preferred securities are removed as a permitted component of a holding company’s Tier 1 capital.  Trust preferred securities outstanding as of May 19, 2010 that were issued by bank holding companies with total consolidated assets of less than $15 billion, such as First Mid Bank, will continue to count as Tier 1 capital.

•	Provides for new disclosure and other requirements relating to executive compensation and corporate governance.

•	Changes standards for Federal preemption of state laws related to federally chartered institutions and their subsidiaries.

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Provides mortgage reform provisions including (i) a customer’s ability to repay, (ii) restricting variable-rate lending by requiring the ability to repay to be determined for variable-rate loans by requiring lenders to evaluate using the maximum rate that will apply during the first five years of a variable-rate loan term, and (iii) making more loans subject to provisions for higher cost loans and new disclosures.

•	Creates a financial stability oversight council that will recommend to the Federal Reserve increasingly strict rules for capital, leverage, liquidity, risk management and other requirements as companies grow in size and complexity.

•	Permanently increases the deposit insurance coverage to $250 thousand and allows depository institutions to pay interest on checking accounts.

•	Requires publicly-traded bank holding companies with assets of $10 billion or more to establish a risk committee responsible for enterprise-wide risk management practices.

•	Limits and regulates, under the provisions of the Act know as the Volker Rule, a financial institution's ability to engage in proprietary trading or to own or invest in certain private equity and hedge funds.

Basel III

In September 2010, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision proposed higher global minimum capital standards, including a minimum Tier 1 common capital ratio and additional capital and liquidity requirements. On July 2, 2013, the Federal Reserve Board approved a final rule to implement these reforms and changes required by the Dodd-Frank Act. This final rule was subsequently adopted by the OCC and the FDIC.

The final rule included new risk-based capital and leverage ratios, which were phased in from 2015 to 2019, and refined the definition of what constitutes “capital” for purposes of calculating those ratios. The new minimum capital level requirements applicable to the Company and First Mid Bank beginning in 2015 were: (i) a new common equity Tier 1 capital ratio of 4.5%; (ii) a Tier 1 capital ratio of 6%; (iii) a total capital ratio of 8%; and (iv) a Tier 1 leverage ratio of 4%. The rule also established a “capital conservation buffer” of 2.5% above the new regulatory minimum capital requirements, which must consist entirely of common equity Tier 1 capital and will result in the following minimum ratios: (i) a common equity Tier 1 capital ratio of 7.0%, (ii) a Tier 1 capital ratio of 8.5%, and (iii) a total capital ratio of 10.5%. The new capital conservation buffer requirement was phased in beginning in January 2016 at 0.625% of risk weighted assets and increased by that amount each year until fully implemented in January 2019. An institution is subject to limitations on paying dividends, engaging in share repurchases and paying discretionary bonuses if its capital level falls below the buffer amount.

The final rule also made three changes to the proposed rule of June 2012 that impacted the Company. First, the proposed rule required banking organizations to include accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) in common equity tier 1 capital. AOCI includes accumulated unrealized gains and losses on certain assets and liabilities that have not been included in net income. Under existing general risk-based capital rules, most components of AOCI are not included in a banking organization's regulatory capital calculations. The final rule allowed community banking organizations to make a one-time election not to include these additional components of AOCI in regulatory capital and instead use the existing treatment under the general risk-based capital rules that excludes most AOCI components from regulatory capital. The Company made this election.

Second, the proposed rule modified the risk-weight framework applicable to residential mortgage exposures to require banking organizations to divide residential mortgage exposure into two categories in order to determine the applicable risk weight. The final rule, however, retained the existing treatment for residential mortgage exposures under the general risk-based capital rules.

Third, the proposed rule required banking organizations with total consolidated assets of less than $15 billion as of December 31, 2009, such as the Company, to phase out over ten years any trust preferred securities and cumulative perpetual preferred securities from its Tier 1 capital regulatory capital. The final rule, however, permanently grandfathered into Tier 1 capital of depository institution holding companies with total consolidated assets of less than $15 billion as of December 31, 2009 any trust preferred securities or cumulative perpetual preferred stock issued before May 19, 2010.

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The Company

General.  As a registered financial holding company under the BHCA that has elected to become a financial holding company under the GLB Act, the Company is subject to regulation by the Federal Reserve Board.  In accordance with Federal Reserve Board policy, the Company is expected to act as a source of financial strength to First Mid Bank and to commit resources to support First Mid Bank in circumstances where the Company might not do so absent such policy.  The Company is subject to inspection, examination, and supervision by the Federal Reserve Board.

Activities.  As a financial holding company, the Company may affiliate with securities firms and insurance companies and engage in other activities that are financial in nature or incidental or complementary to activities that are financial in nature.  A bank holding company that is not also a financial holding company is limited to engaging in banking and such other activities as determined by the Federal Reserve Board to be so closely related to banking or managing or controlling banks as to be a proper incident thereto.

No Federal Reserve Board approval is required for the Company to acquire a company (other than a bank holding company, bank, or savings association) engaged in activities that are financial in nature or incidental to activities that are financial in nature, as determined by the Federal Reserve Board.  However, the Company generally must give the Federal Reserve Board after-the-fact notice of these activities.  Prior Federal Reserve Board approval is required before the Company may acquire beneficial ownership or control of more than 5% of the voting shares or substantially all of the assets of a bank holding company, bank, or savings association.

If any subsidiary bank of the Company ceases to be “well-capitalized” or “well-managed” under applicable regulatory standards, the Federal Reserve Board may, among other actions, order the Company to divest its depository institution.  Alternatively, the Company may elect to conform its activities to those permissible for a bank holding company that is not also a financial holding company.

If any subsidiary bank of the Company receives a rating under the Community Reinvestment Act of less than “satisfactory”, the Company will be prohibited, until the rating is raised to “satisfactory” or better, from engaging in new activities or acquiring companies other than bank holding companies, banks, or savings associations.

Capital Requirements.  Bank holding companies are required to maintain minimum levels of capital in accordance with Federal Reserve Board capital adequacy guidelines.  The Federal Reserve Board’s capital guidelines establish the following minimum regulatory capital requirements for bank holding companies for 2019, which include the full phase in of the capital conservation buffer:  a total capital to total risk-based capital ratio of not less than 10.50%, a Tier 1 risk-based ratio of not less than 8.50%, a common equity Tier 1 capital ratio of not less than 7.00%, and a Tier 1 leverage ratio of not less than 4.00%.  For purposes of these capital standards, Tier 1 capital consists primarily of permanent stockholders’ equity, less intangible assets (other than certain mortgage servicing rights and purchased credit card relationships), and total capital means Tier 1 capital plus certain other debt and equity instruments which do not qualify as Tier 1 capital, limited amounts of unrealized gains on equity securities and a portion of the Company’s allowance for loan and lease losses.

The risk-based and leverage standards described above are minimum requirements, and higher capital levels will be required if warranted by the particular circumstances or risk profiles of individual banking organizations. For example, the Federal Reserve Board’s capital guidelines contemplate that additional capital may be required to take adequate account of, among other things, interest rate risk, or the risks posed by concentrations of credit, nontraditional activities or securities trading activities.  Further, any banking organization experiencing or anticipating significant growth would be expected to maintain capital ratios, including tangible capital positions (i.e., Tier 1 capital less all intangible assets), well above the minimum levels.

As of December 31, 2019, the Company had regulatory capital, calculated on a consolidated basis, in excess of the Federal Reserve Board’s minimum requirements, and its capital ratios exceeded those required for categorization as well-capitalized under the capital adequacy guidelines established by bank regulatory agencies with a total risk-based capital ratio of 15.74%, a Tier 1 risk-based ratio of 14.79%, a common equity Tier 1 capital ratio of 14.12% and a leverage ratio of 11.20%.

Control Acquisitions.  The Change in Bank Control Act prohibits a person or group of person from acquiring “control” of a bank holding company unless the Federal Reserve Board has been notified and has not objected to the transaction.  Under a rebuttable presumption established by the Federal Reserve Board, the acquisition of 10% or more of a class of voting stock of a bank holding company with a class of securities registered under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, such as the Company, would, under the circumstances set forth in the presumption, constitute acquisition of control of the Company. In addition, any company is required to obtain the approval of the Federal Reserve Board under the BHCA before acquiring 25% (5% in the case of an acquirer that is a bank holding company) or more of the outstanding common of the Company, or otherwise obtaining control of a “controlling influence” over the Company or First Mid Bank.

Interstate Banking and Branching.  The Dodd-Frank Act expands the authority of banks to engage in interstate branching.  The Dodd-Frank Act allows a state or national bank to open a de novo branch in another state if the law of the state where the branch is to be located would permit a state bank chartered by that state to open the branch.

Privacy and Security.  The GLB Act establishes a minimum federal standard of financial privacy by, among other provisions, requiring banks to adopt and disclose privacy policies with respect to consumer information and setting forth certain rules with respect to the disclosure to third parties of consumer information.  The Company has adopted and disseminated its privacy policies pursuant to the GLB Act.  Regulations adopted under the GLB Act set standards for protecting the security, confidentiality and integrity of customer information, and require notice to regulators, and in some cases, to customers, in the event of security breaches.  A number of states have adopted their own statutes requiring notification of security breaches. In addition, the GLB Act requires the disclosure of agreements reached with community groups that relate to the CRA, and contains various other provisions designed to improve the delivery of financial services to consumers while maintaining an appropriate level of safety in the financial services industry.

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First Mid Bank

General.  First Mid Bank is a national bank, chartered under the National Bank Act.  The FDIC insures the deposit accounts of the Bank.  The Bank is a member of the Federal Reserve System and are subject to the examination, supervision, reporting and enforcement requirements of the OCC, as the primary federal regulator of national bank, the Illinois Department of Financial and Professional Regulation, Division of Banking (the "IDFPR"), as the primary regulator of Illinois chartered banks, and the FDIC, as administrator of the deposit insurance fund.

Deposit Insurance. As an FDIC-insured institution, banks are required to pay deposit insurance premium assessments to the FDIC. A number of requirements with respect to the FDIC insurance system have affected results, including insurance assessment rates.

On September 30, 2018, the Deposit Insurance Fund Reserve Ratio reached 1.36 percent. Because the reserve ratio exceeded 1.35 percent, two deposit insurance assessment changes occurred under the FDIC regulations:

•	Surcharges on large banks (total consolidated assets of $10 billion or more) ended; the last surcharge on large banks was collected on December 28, 2018.

•	Small banks (total consolidated assets of less than $10 billion) were awarded assessment credits for the portion of their assessments that contributed to the growth in the reserve ratio from 1.15 percent to 1.35 percent, to be applied when the reserve ratio is at least 1.38 percent.

On August 20, 2019, the FDIC Board approved a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking which amended the Small Bank Credits regulation to permit credit usage when the reserve ratio is at least 1.35 percent (rather than 1.38%). Additionally, after eight quarters of credit usage, the FDIC would remit the remaining full nominal value to each bank. Eligible banks were notified in January 24, 2019 with a preliminary estimate of their share of small bank assessment credits. First Mid Bank’s Small Bank Credit was $931,853.

The Deposit Insurance Fund Reserve Ratio as of June 30, 2019 was 1.40 percent and therefore, Small Bank Assessment Credits were applied to second quarter assessment invoices (paid in September 2019). As a result, First Mid Bank received a credit of $256,944. The Deposit Insurance Fund Reserve Ratio as of September 30, 2019 was 1.41 percent and therefore, Small Bank Assessment Credits were also applied to third quarter assessment invoices (paid in December 2019). As a result, First Mid Bank received a credit of $254,705. These amounts were reversed from previously accrued expense. First Mid Bank has a remaining Small Bank Assessment Credit of $420,204 as of December 31, 2019.

The Company expenses $206,000, $967,000 and $779,000 for its insurance assessment during 2019, 2018 and 2017 respectively. In addition to its insurance assessment, through March 29, 2019, each insured bank was subject to quarterly debt service assessments in connection with bonds issued by a government corporation that financed the federal savings and loan bailout. The Company expensed $12,000, $92,000 and $126,000 for this assessment during 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

OCC Assessments.  All national banks are required to pay supervisory fees to the OCC to fund the operations of the OCC.  The amount of such supervisory fees is based upon each institution’s total assets, including consolidated subsidiaries, as reported to the OCC.  During the year ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017 the Company expensed supervisory fees totaling $620,000, $596,000, and $582,000, respectively. Changes in total expense are due to changes in assessment rates and increases in total assets of the bank.

Capital Requirements.  The banking regulators has established the following minimum capital standards for banks for 2019, which include the full phase in of the capital conservation buffer in a total capital to total risk-based capital ratio of not less than 10.50%, a Tier 1 risk-based ratio of not less than 8.50%, a common equity Tier 1 capital ratio of not less than 7.00%, and a Tier 1 leverage ratio of not less than 4.00%.  For purposes of these capital standards, Tier 1 capital and total capital consists of substantially the same components as Tier 1 capital and total capital under the Federal Reserve Board’s capital guidelines for bank holding companies (See “The Company—Capital Requirements”).

The capital requirements described above are minimum requirements.  Higher capital levels will be required if warranted by the particular circumstances or risk profiles of individual institutions.  For example, the banking regulators provide that additional capital may be required to take adequate account of, among other things, interest rate risk or the risks posed by concentrations of credit, nontraditional activities or securities trading activities.

During the year ended December 31, 2019, First Mid Bank and Soy Capital Bank were not required to increase capital to an amount in excess of the minimum regulatory requirements, and capital ratios exceeded those required for categorization as well-capitalized under the capital adequacy guidelines established by bank regulatory agencies. First Mid Bank's total risk-based capital ratio was 14.65%, Tier 1 risk-based ratio was 13.69%, common equity Tier 1 ratio was 13.69% and leverage ratio was 10.37%.

Prompt Corrective Action. Federal law provides the federal banking regulators with broad power to take prompt corrective action to resolve the problems of undercapitalized institutions.  The extent of the regulators’ powers depends on whether the institution in question is “well-capitalized,”  “adequately-capitalized,” “undercapitalized,” “significantly undercapitalized” or “critically undercapitalized.” Depending upon the capital category to which an institution is assigned, the regulators’ corrective powers include:  requiring the submission of a capital restoration plan; placing limits on asset growth and restrictions on activities; requiring the institution to issue additional capital stock (including additional voting stock) or to be acquired; restricting transactions with affiliates; restricting the interest rate the institution may pay on deposits; ordering a new election of directors of the institution; requiring that senior executive officers or directors be dismissed; prohibiting the institution from accepting deposits from correspondent banks; requiring the institution to divest certain subsidiaries; prohibiting the payment of principal or interest on subordinated debt; and in the most severe cases, appointing a conservator or receiver for the institution.

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Dividends.  The National Bank Act and the Illinois Banking Act impose limitations on the amount of dividends that may be paid by a bank.  Generally, a bank may pay dividends out of its undivided profits, in such amounts and at such times as the bank’s board of directors deems prudent.  Without prior OCC approval, however, a national bank may not pay dividends in any calendar year which, in the aggregate, exceed the bank’s year-to-date net income plus the bank’s adjusted retained net income for the two preceding years.

The payment of dividends by any financial institution or its holding company is affected by the requirement to maintain adequate capital pursuant to applicable capital adequacy guidelines and regulations, and a financial institution generally is prohibited from paying any dividends if, following payment thereof, the institution would be undercapitalized.  As described above, First Mid Bank exceeded minimum capital requirements under applicable guidelines as of December 31, 2019.  As of December 31, 2019, approximately $36.5 million was available to be paid as dividends to the Company by First Mid Bank.  Notwithstanding the availability of funds for dividends, however, the OCC or IDFPR may prohibit the payment of any dividends if the OCC or IDFPR, as applicable, determines that such payment would constitute an unsafe or unsound practice.

Affiliate and Insider Transactions.  First Mid Bank is subject to certain restrictions under federal law, including Regulation W of the Federal Reserve Board, on extensions of credit to the Company and its subsidiaries, on investments in the stock or other securities of the Company and its subsidiaries and the acceptance of the stock or other securities of the Company or its subsidiaries as collateral for loans.  Certain limitations and reporting requirements are also placed on extensions of credit by First Mid Bank to their directors and officers, to directors and officers of the Company and its subsidiaries, to principal stockholders of the Company, and to “related interests” of such directors, officers and principal stockholders.

First Mid Bank is subject to restrictions under federal law that limits certain transactions with the Company, including loans, other extensions of credit, investments or asset purchases.  Such transactions by a banking subsidiary with any one affiliate are limited in amount to 10% of the bank’s capital and surplus and, with all affiliates together, to an aggregate of 20% of the bank’s capital and surplus.  Furthermore, such loans and extensions of credit, as well as certain other transactions, are required to be secured in specified amounts. These and certain other transactions, including any payment of money to the Company, must be on terms and conditions that are or in good faith would be offered to nonaffiliated companies.

In addition, federal law and regulations may affect the terms upon which any person becoming a director or officer of the Company or one of its subsidiaries or a principal stockholder of the Company may obtain credit from banks with which First Mid Bank maintains a correspondent relationship.

Safety and Soundness Standards.  The federal banking agencies have adopted guidelines that establish operational and managerial standards to promote the safety and soundness of federally insured depository institutions.  The guidelines set forth standards for internal controls, information systems, internal audit systems, loan documentation, credit underwriting, interest rate exposure, asset growth, compensation, fees and benefits, asset quality and earnings.  In general, the guidelines prescribe the goals to be achieved in each area, and each institution is responsible for establishing its own procedures to achieve those goals.  If an institution fails to comply with any of the standards set forth in the guidelines, the institution’s primary federal regulator may require the institution to submit a plan for achieving and maintaining compliance.  The preamble to the guidelines states that the agencies expect to require a compliance plan from an institution whose failure to meet one or more of the guidelines are of such severity that it could threaten the safety and soundness of the institution.  Failure to submit an acceptable plan, or failure to comply with a plan that has been accepted by the appropriate federal regulator, would constitute grounds for further enforcement action.

Community Reinvestment Act.  First Mid Bank is subject to the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA).  The CRA and the regulations issued thereunder are intended to encourage banks to help meet the credit needs of their service areas, including low and moderate income neighborhoods, consistent with the safe and sound operations of the banks.  These regulations also provide for regulatory assessment of a bank’s record in meeting the needs of its service area when considering applications to establish branches, merger applications and applications to acquire the assets and assume the liabilities of another bank.  The Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery and Enforcement Act of 1989 requires federal banking agencies to make public a rating of a bank’s performance under the CRA.  In the case of a bank holding company, the CRA performance record of its bank subsidiaries is reviewed by federal banking agencies in connection with the filing of an application to acquire ownership or control of shares or assets of a bank or thrift or to merge with any other bank holding company.  An unsatisfactory record can substantially delay or block the transaction.  First Mid Bank received satisfactory CRA ratings from their regulator in their most recent CRA examination.

Consumer Laws and Regulations.  In addition to the laws and regulations discussed above, First Mid Bank is also subject to certain consumer laws and regulations that are designed to protect consumers in transactions with banks.  While the list set forth herein is not exhaustive, these laws and regulations include the Truth in Lending Act, the Truth in Savings Act, the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, the Fair Housing Act, the Fair Credit Reporting Act, the Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act and the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act, among others.  These laws and regulations mandate certain disclosure requirements and regulate the manner in which financial institutions must deal with customers when taking deposits, making loans to or marketing to or engaging in other types of transactions with such customers.  Failure to comply with these laws and regulations could lead to substantial penalties, operating restrictions and reputational damage to the financial institution.

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Supplemental Item – Executive Officers of the Registrant

The executive officers of the Company are elected annually by the Company’s Board of Directors and are identified below.

Name (Age)	Position With Company
Joseph R. Dively (60)	Chairman of the Board of Directors, President and Chief Executive Officer
Michael L. Taylor (51)	Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer
Matthew K. Smith (45)	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Eric S. McRae (54)	Executive Vice President
Bradley L. Beesley (48)	Executive Vice President
Laurel G. Allenbaugh (59)	Executive Vice President
Clay M. Dean (45)	Executive Vice President
Amanda D. Lewis (40)	Executive Vice President
David Hiden (57)	Senior Vice President
Christopher L. Slabach (57)	Senior Vice President
Rhonda Gatons (48)	Senior Vice President
Jason Crowder (49)	Senior Vice President

Joseph R. Dively, age 60, is the Chairman of the Board of Directors, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company since January 1, 2014 and the President of First Mid Bank since May 2011. Prior to assuming these positions in the Company, he was the Senior Executive Vice President of the Company beginning in May 2011. He was with Consolidated Communications Holdings, Inc. in Mattoon, Illinois from 2003 to May 2011.

Michael L. Taylor, age 51, has been Senior Executive Vice President since 2014 and Chief Operating Officer since July 2017. He served as Chief Financial Officer of the Company from 2000 to 2017. He served as Executive Vice President from 2007 to 2014 and as Vice President from 2000 to 2007. He was with AMCORE Bank in Rockford, Illinois from 1996 to 2000.

Matthew K. Smith, age 45, has been Executive Vice President of the Company since November 2016 and Chief Financial Officer since July 2017. He served as Director of Finance from November 2016 to July 2017. He was Treasurer and Vice President of Finance and Investor Relations with Consolidated Communications, Inc from 1997 to 2016.

Eric S. McRae, age 54, has been Executive Vice President of the Company and Executive Vice President, Chief Credit Officer of First Mid Bank since January 2017. He served as Senior Lender of First Mid Bank from December 2008 to December 2016 and he served as President of the Decatur region from 2001 to December 2008.

Bradley L. Beesley, age 48, has been Executive Vice President of the Company and Chief Trust & Wealth Management Officer of First Mid Bank since March 2015 and First Mid Wealth Management Company since July 2018. He served as Senior Vice President from May 2007 to March 2015.

Laurel G. Allenbaugh, age 59, has been Executive Vice President of the Company and Executive Vice President, Chief Operations Officer of First Mid Bank since April 2008. She served as Vice President of Operations from February 2000 to April 2008.  She served as Controller of the Company and First Mid Bank from 1990 to February 2000 and has been President of MIDS since 1998.

Clay M. Dean, age 45, has been Executive Vice President of the Company since January 2019 and Senior Vice President of the Company since 2010 and Senior Vice President and Chief Insurance Services Officer of the First Mid Bank and Chief Executive Officer of First Mid Insurance since September 2014. He served as Senior Vice President, Chief Deposit Services Officer of First Mid Bank from November 2012 to September 2014 and as Senior Vice President, Director of Treasury Management of First Mid Bank from 2010 to 2012.

Amanda D. Lewis, age 40, has been Executive Vice President of the Company since January 2019 and Senior Vice President of the Company and Senior Vice President, Retail Banking Officer of First Mid Bank since September 2014. She served as Vice President, Director of Marketing from 2001 until September 2014.

David Hiden, age 57, has been Senior Vice President, Chief Information Officer of the Company since July 2018.

Christopher L. Slabach, age 57, has been Senior Vice President of the Company since 2007 and Senior Vice President, Chief Risk Officer of First Mid Bank since 2008. He served as Vice President, Audit of the Company from 1998 to 2007.

Rhonda Gatons, age 48, has been Senior Vice President of the Company and Director of Human Resources since March 2016. Prior to joining the Company, she was the Director of Human Resources at Midland States Bank.

Jason Crowder, age 49. has been Senior Vice President and General Counsel of the Company since August 2019. Prior to joining the Company, he was the Corporate Counsel of Petersen Health Care, Inc., from 2008 to July 2019.

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ITEM 1A.	RISK FACTORS

Various risks and uncertainties, some of which are difficult to predict and beyond the Company’s control, could negatively impact the Company. As a financial institution, the Company is exposed to interest rate risk, liquidity risk, credit risk, operational risk, risks from economic or market conditions, and general business risks among others. Adverse experience with these or other risks could have a material impact on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations, as well as the value of its common stock.

Difficult economic conditions and market disruption have adversely impacted the banking industry and financial markets generally and may again significantly affect the business, financial condition, or results of operations of the Company. The Company’s success depends, to a certain extent, upon economic and political conditions, local and national, as well as governmental monetary policies. Conditions such as inflation, recession, unemployment, changes in interest rates, money supply and other factors beyond the Company’s control may adversely affect its asset quality, deposit levels and loan demand and, therefore, its earnings.

The Company’s profitability depends significantly on economic conditions in the geographic region in which it operates. A large percentage of the Company’s loans are to individuals and businesses in Illinois, consequently, any decline in the economy of this market area could have a materially adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations.

Decline in the strength and stability of other financial institutions may adversely affect the Company’s business. The actions and commercial soundness of other financial institutions could affect the Company’s ability to engage in routine funding transactions. Financial services institutions are interrelated as a result of clearing, counterparty or other relationships. The Company has exposure to different counterparties, and executes transactions with various counterparties in the financial industry. Recent defaults by financial services institutions, and even rumors or questions about one or more financial services institutions or the financial services industry in general, led to market-wide liquidity problems in recent years and could lead to losses or defaults by the Company or by other institutions. Many of these transactions expose the Company to credit risk in the event of default of its counterparty or client. Any such losses could materially and adversely affect the Company’s results of operations.

Changes in interest rates may negatively affect our earnings. Changes in market interest rates and prices may adversely affect the Company’s financial condition or results of operations. The Company’s net interest income, its largest source of revenue, is highly dependent on achieving a positive spread between the interest earned on loans and investments and the interest paid on deposits and borrowings. Changes in interest rates could negatively impact the Company’s ability to attract deposits, make loans, and achieve a positive spread resulting in compression of the net interest margin.

The Company may not have sufficient cash or access to cash to satisfy current and future financial obligations, including demands for loans and deposit withdrawals, funding operating costs and for other corporate purposes. This type of liquidity risk arises whenever the maturities of financial instruments included in assets and liabilities differ. The Company’s liquidity can be affected by a variety of factors, including general economic conditions, market disruption, operational problems affecting third parties or the Company, unfavorable pricing, competition, the Company’s credit rating and regulatory restrictions. (See “Liquidity” herein for management’s actions to mitigate this risk.)

If the Company were unable to borrow funds through access to capital markets, it may not be able to meet the cash flow requirements of its depositors, creditors, and borrowers, or the operating cash needed to fund corporate expansion and other corporate activities. As seen starting in the middle of 2007, significant turmoil and volatility in worldwide financial markets can result in a disruption in the liquidity of financial markets, and could directly impact the Company to the extent it needs to access capital markets to raise funds to support its business and overall liquidity position. These types of situations could affect the cost of such funds or the Company’s ability to raise such funds. If the Company were unable to access any of these funding sources when needed, it might be unable to meet customers’ needs, which could adversely impact its financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and level of regulatory-qualifying capital. For further discussion, see the “Liquidity” section.

Loan customers or other counter-parties may not be able to perform their contractual obligations resulting in a negative impact on the Company’s earnings. Overall economic conditions affecting businesses and consumers, including the current difficult economic conditions and market disruptions, could impact the Company’s credit losses. In addition, real estate valuations could also impact the Company’s credit losses as the Company maintains $1.8 billion in loans secured by commercial, agricultural, and residential real estate. A significant decline in real estate values could have a negative effect on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations. In addition, the Company’s total loan balances by industry exceeded 25% of total risk-based capital for each of five industries as of December 31, 2019. A listing of these industries is contained in under “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations -- Loans” herein. A significant change in one of these industries such as a significant decline in agricultural crop prices, could adversely impact the Company’s credit losses.

Deterioration in the real estate market could lead to losses, which could have a material adverse effect on the business, financial condition and results of operations or the Company. Commercial and commercial real estate loans generally involve higher credit risks than residential real estate and consumer loans. Because payments on loans secured by commercial real estate or equipment are often dependent upon the successful operation and management of the underlying assets, repayment of such loans may be influenced to a great extent by conditions in the market or the economy. Increases in commercial and consumer delinquency levels or declines in real estate market values would require increased net charge-offs and increases in the allowance for loan and lease losses, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and prospects.

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The allowance for loan losses may prove inadequate or be negatively affected by credit risk exposures. The Company’s business depends on the creditworthiness of its customers. Management periodically reviews the allowance for loan and lease losses for adequacy considering economic conditions and trends, collateral values and credit quality indicators, including past charge-off experience and levels of past due loans and nonperforming assets. There is no certainty that the allowance for loan losses will be adequate over time to cover credit losses in the portfolio because of unanticipated adverse changes in the economy, market conditions or events adversely affecting specific customers, industries or markets. If the credit quality of the customer base materially decreases, if the risk profile of a market, industry or group of customers changes materially, or if the allowance for loan losses is not adequate, the Company’s business, financial condition, liquidity, capital, and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

Declines in the value of securities held in the investment portfolio may negatively affect the Company’s earnings and capital. The value of an investment in the portfolio could decrease due to changes in market factors. The market value of certain investment securities is volatile and future declines or other-than-temporary impairments could materially adversely affect the Company’s future earnings and capital. Continued volatility in the market value of certain of the investment securities, whether caused by changes in market perceptions of credit risk, as reflected in the expected market yield of the security, or actual defaults in the portfolio could result in significant fluctuations in the value of the securities. This could have a material adverse impact on the Company’s accumulated other comprehensive loss and shareholders’ equity depending upon the direction of the fluctuations.

Furthermore, future downgrades or defaults in these securities could result in future classifications as other-than-temporarily impaired. The Company has invested in trust preferred securities issued by financial institutions and insurance companies, corporate securities of financial institutions, and stock in the Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago and Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago. Deterioration of the financial stability of the underlying financial institutions for these investments could result in other-than-temporary impairment charges to the Company and could have a material impact on future earnings. For further discussion of the Company’s investments, see Note 4 – “Investment Securities.”

A failure in or breach of the company's operational or security systems, or those of it's third party service providers, including as a result of cyber-attacks, could disrupt the company's business, result in unintentional disclosure or misuse of confidential or proprietary information, damage the company's reputation, increase our costs and cause losses. As a financial institution, the company's operations rely heavily on the secure processing, storage and transmission of confidential and other information on it's computer systems and networks. Any failure, interruption or breach in security or operational integrity of these systems could result in failures or disruptions in the company's online banking system, customer relationship management, general ledger, deposit and loan servicing and other systems. The security and integrity of these systems could be threatened by a variety of interruptions or information security breaches, including those caused by computer hacking, cyber-attacks, electronic fraudulent activity or attempted theft of financial assets. Management cannot assert that any such failures, interruption or security breaches will not occur, or if they do occur that they will be adequately addressed. While certain protective policies and procedures are in place, the nature and sophistication of the threats continue to evolve. The Company may be required to expend significant additional resources in the future to modify and enhance these protective measures.

Additionally, the company faces the risk of operational disruption, failure, termination or capacity constraints of any of the third parties that facilitate its business activities, including exchanges, clearing agents, clearing houses or other financial intermediaries. Such parties could also be the source of an attack on, or breach of, its operational systems. Any failures, interruptions or security breaches in the company's information systems could damage its reputation, result in a loss of customer business, result in a violation of privacy or other laws, or expose us to civil litigation, regulatory fines or losses not covered by insurance.

If the Company’s stock price declines from levels at December 31, 2019, management will evaluate the goodwill balances for impairment, and if the values of the businesses have declined, the Company could recognize an impairment charge for its goodwill.  Management performed an annual goodwill impairment assessment as of September 30, 2019. Based on these analyses, management concluded that the fair value of the Company’s reporting units exceeded the fair value of its assets and liabilities and, therefore, goodwill was not considered impaired. It is possible that management’s assumptions and conclusions regarding the valuation of the Company’s lines of business could change adversely, which could result in the recognition of impairment for goodwill, which could have a material effect on the Company’s financial position and future results of operations.

The Company may issue additional common stock or other equity securities in the future which could dilute the ownership interest of existing stockholders. In order to maintain capital at desired or regulatory-required levels, to replace existing capital, or to complete acquisitions the Company may be required to issue additional shares of common stock, or securities convertible into, exchangeable for or representing rights to acquire shares of common stock. The Company may sell these shares at prices below the current market price of shares, and the sale of these shares may significantly dilute stockholder ownership. The Company could also issue additional shares in connection with acquisitions of other financial institutions.

Human error, inadequate or failed internal processes and systems, and external events may have adverse effects on the Company. Operational risk includes compliance or legal risk, which is the risk of loss from violations of, or noncompliance with, laws, rules, regulations, prescribed practices, or ethical standards. Operational risk also encompasses transaction risk, which includes losses from fraud, error, the inability to deliver products or services, and loss or theft of information. Losses resulting from operational risk could take the form of explicit charges, increased operational costs, harm to the Company’s reputation or forgone opportunities. Any of these could potentially have a material adverse effect on the Company’s reputation, financial condition and results of operations.

The Company is exposed to various business risks that could have a negative effect on the financial performance of the Company. These risks include: changes in customer behavior, changes in competition, new litigation or changes to existing litigation, claims and assessments, environmental liabilities, real or threatened acts of war or terrorist activity, adverse weather, changes in accounting standards, legislative or regulatory changes, taxing authority interpretations, and an inability on the Company’s part to retain and attract skilled employees.

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In addition to these risks identified by the Company, investments in the Company’s common stock involve risk. The market price of the Company’s common stock may fluctuate significantly in response to a number of factors including: volatility of stock market prices and volumes, rumors or erroneous information, changes in market valuations of similar companies, changes in securities analysts’ estimates of financial performance, and variations in quarterly or annual operating results.

If the Company is unable to make favorable acquisitions or successfully integrate our acquisitions, the Company’s growth could be impacted.  In the past several years, the Company has completed acquisitions of banks, bank branches and other businesses. We may continue to make such acquisitions in the future. When the Company evaluates acquisition opportunities, the Company evaluates whether the target institution has a culture similar to the Company, experienced management and the potential to improve the financial performance of the Company.  If the Company fails to successfully identify, complete and integrate favorable acquisitions, the Company could experience slower growth.  Acquiring other banks, bank branches or businesses involves various risks commonly associated with acquisitions, including, among other things: potential exposure to unknown or contingent liabilities or asset quality issues of the target institution, difficulty and expense of integrating the operations and personnel of the target institution, potential disruption to the Company (including diversion of management’s time and attention), difficulty in estimating the value of the target institution, and potential changes in banking or tax laws or regulations that may affect the target institution.

The Company and the banking industry are subject to government regulation, legislation and policy.  Government regulation, legislation and policy affect the Company and the banking industry as a whole, including the Company’s business and results of operations.  The Company’s results of operations could be adversely affected by changes in how existing regulations are interpreted or applied by government agencies, or by the adoption of new government regulation, legislation and policy.  These changes may require the Company to invest significant funds and management attention and resources in order to reach compliance.

ITEM 1B.	UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

ITEM 2.	PROPERTIES

The Company's headquarters is located at 1421 Charleston Avenue, Mattoon Illinois. This location is also used by the loan and deposit operations departments of First Mid Bank.  In addition, the Company owns a facility located at 1500 Wabash Avenue, Mattoon, Illinois, which is used by branch support operations. In December 2018, the Company acquired a facility at 1420 Wabash Avenue which will also be used by branch support operations.

The main office of First Mid Bank is located at 1515 Charleston Avenue, Mattoon, Illinois and is owned by First Mid Bank. First Mid Bank also owns a building located at 1520 Charleston Avenue, which is used by First Mid Insurance, MIDS for its data processing and by First Mid Bank for back room operations.  First Mid Bank also conducts business through numerous facilities, owned and leased, located in twenty-six counties throughout Illinois and one Missouri county.  Of the sixty-three other banking offices operated by First Mid Bank, forty-four are owned and nineteen are leased from non-affiliated third parties. First Mid Bank also has a loan production office in metro Indianapolis.

None of the properties owned by the Corporation are subject to any major encumbrances. The Company believes these facilities are suitable and adequate to operate its banking and related business. The net investment of the Company and subsidiaries in real estate and equipment at December 31, 2019 was $59.5 million.

ITEM 3.	LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

From time to time the Company and its subsidiaries may be involved in litigation that the Company believes is a type common to our industry. None of any such existing claims are believed to be individually material at this time to the Company, although the outcome of any such existing claims cannot be predicted with certainty.

ITEM 4.	MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not Applicable.

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PART II

ITEM 5.	MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER OF PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

The Company’s common stock was held by approximately 995 shareholders of record as of December 31, 2019 and is included for quotation on the NASDAQ Stock Market, LLC under the trading symbol "FMBH".

The Company’s shareholders are entitled to receive dividends as are declared by the Board of Directors, which considers payment of dividends semi-annually.  The ability of the Company to pay dividends, as well as fund its operations, is dependent upon receipt of dividends from First Mid Bank.  Regulatory authorities limit the amount of dividends that can be paid by First Mid Bank without prior approval from such authorities.  For further discussion of the Bank’s dividend restrictions, see Item1 – “Business” – “First Mid Bank” – “Dividends” and Note 16 – “Dividend Restrictions” herein.  

The following table summarizes share repurchase activity for the fourth quarter of 2019:

ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Period		(a) Total Number of Shares Purchased			(b) Average Price Paid per Share			(c) Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs			(d) Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs at End of Period
October 1, 2019 – October 31, 2019		—			—			—			$5,108,000
November 1, 2019 – November 30, 2019		—			—			—			5,108,000
December 1, 2019 – December 31, 2019		4,599			$35.51			4,599			4,945,000
Total		4,599			$35.51			4,599			$4,945,000

All of the repurchase activity that occurred during the fourth quarter of 2019 resulted from shares withheld to cover taxes on employee stock vesting. In total, the Company repurchased 40,026 shares at an average price of $32.29 per share during 2019. Since August 5, 1998, the Board of Directors has approved repurchase programs pursuant to which the Company may repurchase a total of approximately $76.7 million of the Company’s common stock.  

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ITEM 6.	SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The following sets forth a five-year comparison of selected financial data (dollars in thousands, except per share data).

		2019				2018				2017				2016				2015
Summary of Operations
Interest income		$	149,721			$	124,565			$	99,555			$	75,496			$	59,251
Interest expense		24,047				12,827				6,482				4,292				3,499
Net interest income		125,674				111,738				93,073				71,204				55,752
Provision for loan losses		6,433				8,667				7,462				2,826				1,318
Other income		56,017				35,414				30,336				26,912				20,544
Other expense		111,992				89,980				74,221				61,510				49,248
Income before income taxes		63,266				48,505				41,726				33,780				25,730
Income tax expense		15,323				11,905				15,042				11,940				9,218
Net income		47,943				36,600				26,684				21,840				16,512
Dividends on preferred shares		—				—				—				825				2,200
Net income available to common stockholders		$	47,943			$	36,600			$	26,684			$	21,015			$	14,312
Per Common Share Data
Basic earnings per share		$	2.88			$	2.53			$	2.13			$	2.07			$	1.84
Diluted earnings per share		2.87				2.52				2.13				2.05				1.81
Dividends declared per share		0.76				0.70				0.66				0.62				0.59
Book value per common share		31.58				28.57				24.32				22.51				21.01
Tangible Book Value per common share		23.59				20.22				18.73				16.84				15.09
Capital Ratios
Total capital to risk-weighted assets		15.74		%		13.63		%		12.70		%		12.79		%		14.25		%
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets		14.79		%		12.76		%		11.83		%		11.99		%		13.23		%
Common equity tier 1 ratio		14.12		%		11.81		%		10.78		%		10.86		%		9.92		%
Tier 1 capital to average assets		11.20		%		11.15		%		9.91		%		9.19		%		9.20		%
Financial Ratios
Net interest margin (TE)		3.64		%		3.79		%		3.70		%		3.39		%		3.37		%
Return on average assets		1.25		%		1.13		%		0.94		%		0.94		%		0.91		%
Return on average common equity		9.49		%		9.59		%		8.92		%		9.30		%		8.97		%
Dividend on common shares payout ratio		26.39		%		27.67		%		30.99		%		29.95		%		32.07		%
Average equity to average assets		13.17		%		11.77		%		10.59		%		10.12		%		10.34		%
Allowance for loan losses as a percent of total loans		1.00		%		0.99		%		1.03		%		0.92		%		1.14		%
Year End Balances
Total assets		$	3,839,426			$	3,839,734			$	2,841,539			$	2,884,535			$	2,114,499
Net loans, including loans held for sale		2,668,436				2,618,330				1,919,524				1,809,239				1,267,313
Total deposits		2,917,366				2,988,686				2,274,639				2,329,887				1,732,568
Total equity		526,609				475,864				307,964				280,673				205,009
Average Balances
Total assets		$	3,837,357			$	3,241,574			$	2,825,702			$	2,333,866			$	1,807,998
Net loans, including loans held for sale		2,571,722				2,253,469				1,818,317				1,439,192				1,112,413
Total deposits		2,979,838				2,569,033				2,273,949				1,893,203				1,455,047
Total equity		505,279				381,646				299,389				236,254				186,898

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ITEM 7.	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis is intended to provide a better understanding of the consolidated financial condition and results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017.  This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements, related notes and selected financial data appearing elsewhere in this report.

Forward-Looking Statements

This report may contain certain forward-looking statements, such as discussions of the Company’s pricing and fee trends, credit quality and outlook, liquidity, new business results, expansion plans, anticipated expenses and planned schedules. The Company intends such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1955. Forward-looking statements, which are based on certain assumptions and describe future plans, strategies and expectations of the Company, are identified by use of the words “believe,” ”expect,” ”intend,” ”anticipate,” ”estimate,” ”project,” or similar expressions. Actual results could differ materially from the results indicated by these statements because the realization of those results is subject to many risks and uncertainties, including those described in Item 1A. “Risk Factors” and other sections of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K and the Company’s other filings with the SEC, and changes in interest rates, general economic conditions and those in the Company’s market area, legislative/regulatory changes, monetary and fiscal policies of the U.S. Government, including policies of the U.S. Treasury and the Federal Reserve Board, the quality or composition of the loan or investment portfolios and the valuation of the investment portfolio, the Company’s success in raising capital, demand for loan products, deposit flows, competition, demand for financial services in the Company’s market area and accounting principles, policies and guidelines. Furthermore, forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made. Except as required under the federal securities laws or the rules and regulations of the SEC, we do not undertake any obligation to update or review any forward-looking information, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

For the Years Ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017

Overview

This overview of management’s discussion and analysis highlights selected information in this document and may not contain all of the information that is important to you. For a more complete understanding of trends, events, commitments, uncertainties, liquidity, capital resources, and critical accounting estimates, you should carefully read this entire document. These have an impact on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations.

Net income was $47.9 million, $36.6 million, and $26.7 million and diluted earnings per share were $2.87, $2.52, and $2.13 for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The following table shows the Company’s annualized performance ratios for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017:

		2019			2018			2017
Return on average assets		1.25	%		1.13	%		0.94	%
Return on average common equity		9.49	%		9.59	%		8.92	%
Average common equity to average assets		13.17	%		11.77	%		10.59	%

Total assets at December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 were $3.84 billion, $3.84 billion, and $2.84 billion, respectively. Net loan balances increased to $2.67 billion at December 31, 2019, from $2.62 billion at December 31, 2018, from $1.92 billion at December 31, 2017. The increase in 2019 was primarily due to increases in commercial real estate and construction and land development. The increase in 2018 was primarily due to loans acquired in the acquisition of First Bank and Soy Capital Bank.

Total deposit balances decreased to $2.92 billion at December 31, 2019 from $2.99 billion at December 31, 2018 and increased from $2.27 billion at December 31, 2017. The decrease in 2019 was primarily due to decreases in money market accounts and interest bearing deposits. The increase in 2018 was primarily due to deposits acquired in the acquisitions of First Bank and Soy Capital Bank.

Net interest margin (tax effected), defined as net interest income divided by average interest-earning assets, was 3.64% for 2019, 3.79% for 2018 and 3.70% for 2017. In 2019 the decrease was primarily due to less accretion income and higher funding costs. In 2018 the increase was primarily due to an increase in earnings assets, increases in average rates on earnings assets and accretion income from the acquisitions.

Net interest income increased to $125.7 million in 2019 from $111.7 million in 2018 and $93.1 million in 2017.  During 2019, the increase in net interest income was primarily due to growth in earnings assets as a result of loans and investment securities acquired from First Bank & SCB partially offset by an increase in cost of deposits and borrowings. During 2018, net interest income increased primarily due to earning assets acquired from First Bank and Soy Capital Bank, increases in rates on earnings assets and net accretion income from all acquisitions. 

Non-interest income increased to $56.0 million in 2019 compared to $35.4 million in 2018 and $30.3 million in 2017. Insurance commissions increased $10.4 million or 186.6% compared to last year primarily due to additional revenues from the acquisition of SCB. Wealth management revenues increased $7.1 million, primarily due to additional farm management and brokerage revenues from the SCB acquisition. ATM revenue increased by approximately $1 million or 13.4%, and service charge income increased $402,000 or 5.4% primarily due to increased transactions.

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Non-interest expenses increased $22.0 million, to $112.0 million in 2019 compared to $90.0 million in 2018, and $74.2 million in 2017.  The increase in 2019 was primarily due to the acquisitions of First Bank and SCB. The increase in 2018 was primarily due to expenses incurred to acquire and merge First Bank into First Mid Bank of approximately $5 million, expenses to acquire Soy Capital of approximately $900,000 and increases in salaries and benefits, occupancy and amortization expense related to these acquisitions.

Following is a summary of the factors that contributed to the changes in net income (in thousands):

		2019 vs 2018				2018 vs 2017
Net interest income		$	13,936			$	18,665
Provision for loan losses		2,234				(1,205		)
Other income, including securities transactions		20,603				5,078
Other expenses		(22,012		)		(15,759		)
Income taxes		(3,418		)		3,137
Increase in net income		$	11,343			$	9,916

Credit quality is an area of importance to the Company. Year-end total nonperforming loans were $27.8 million at December 31, 2019 compared to $29.7 million at December 31, 2018, and $17.5 million at December 31, 2017.  Repossessed Assets balances totaled $3.7 million at December 31, 2019 compared to $2.6 million at December 31, 2018, and $2.8 million at December 31, 2017. The Company’s provision for loan losses was $6.4 million for 2019, compared to $8.7 million for 2018, and $7.5 million for 2017.  The decrease of provision expense in 2019 is primarily due to a decrease in classified loans. The increase in provision expense in 2018 was primarily due to increases in loan balances and classified loan balances. Loans secured by both commercial and residential real estate comprised 68%, 66%, and 66% of the loan portfolio for 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively.

The Company’s capital position remains strong and the Company has consistently maintained regulatory capital ratios above the “well-capitalized” standards. The Company’s Tier 1 capital ratio to risk weighted assets ratio at December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 was 14.79%, 12.76%, and 11.83%, respectively. The Company’s total capital to risk weighted assets ratio at December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 was 15.74%, 13.63% ,and 12.70%, respectively. The increases in these ratios were primarily due to net income added to retained earnings.

The Company’s liquidity position remains sufficient to fund operations and meet the requirements of borrowers, depositors, and creditors. The Company maintains various sources of liquidity to fund its cash needs. See “Liquidity” herein for a full listing of its sources and anticipated significant contractual obligations.

The Company enters into financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include lines of credit, letters of credit and other commitments to extend credit.  The total outstanding commitments at December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 were $585.3 million, $564.1 million, and $415.5 million, respectively.  See Note 17 – “Commitments and Contingent Liabilities” herein for further information.

Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Significant Estimates

The Company has established various accounting policies that govern the application of U.S. generally accepted accounting principles in the preparation of the Company’s financial statements. The significant accounting policies of the Company are described in the footnotes to the consolidated financial statements. Certain accounting policies involve significant judgments and assumptions by management that have a material impact on the carrying value of certain assets and liabilities; management considers such accounting policies to be critical accounting policies. The judgments and assumptions used by management are based on historical experience and other factors, which are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Because of the nature of the judgments and assumptions made by management, actual results could differ from these judgments and assumptions, which could have a material impact on the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the results of operations of the Company.

Allowance for Loan Losses. The Company believes the allowance for loan losses is the critical accounting policy that requires the most significant judgments and assumptions used in the preparation of its consolidated financial statements. An estimate of potential losses inherent in the loan portfolio are determined and an allowance for those losses is established by considering factors including historical loss rates, expected cash flows and estimated collateral values. In assessing these factors, the Company uses organizational history and experience with credit decisions and related outcomes. The allowance for loan losses represents the best estimate of losses inherent in the existing loan portfolio. The allowance for loan losses is increased by the provision for loan losses charged to expense and reduced by loans charged off, net of recoveries. The Company evaluates the allowance for loan losses quarterly. If the underlying assumptions later prove to be inaccurate based on subsequent loss evaluations, the allowance for loan losses is adjusted.

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The Company estimates the appropriate level of allowance for loan losses by separately evaluating impaired and nonimpaired loans. A specific allowance is assigned to an impaired loan when expected cash flows or collateral do not justify the carrying amount of the loan. The methodology used to assign an allowance to a nonimpaired loan is more subjective. Generally, the allowance assigned to nonimpaired loans is determined by applying historical loss rates to existing loans with similar risk characteristics, adjusted for qualitative factors including the volume and severity of identified classified loans, changes in economic conditions, changes in credit policies or underwriting standards, and changes in the level of credit risk associated with specific industries and markets. Because the economic and business climate in any given industry or market, and its impact on any given borrower, can change rapidly, the risk profile of the loan portfolio is continually assessed and adjusted when appropriate. Notwithstanding these procedures, there still exists the possibility that the assessment could prove to be significantly incorrect and that an immediate adjustment to the allowance for loan losses would be required.

Other Real Estate Owned. Other real estate owned acquired through loan foreclosure is initially recorded at fair value less costs to sell when acquired, establishing a new cost basis. The adjustment at the time of foreclosure is recorded through the allowance for loan losses. Due to the subjective nature of establishing the fair value when the asset is acquired, the actual fair value of the other real estate owned or foreclosed asset could differ from the original estimate. If it is determined that fair value temporarily declines subsequent to foreclosure, a valuation allowance is recorded through noninterest expense. Operating costs associated with the assets after acquisition are also recorded as noninterest expense. Gains and losses on the disposition of other real estate owned and foreclosed assets are netted and posted to other noninterest expense.

Mortgage Servicing Rights. The Company has elected to measure mortgage servicing rights under the amortization method. Using this method, servicing rights are amortized in portion to and over the period of estimated net servicing income. The amortized assets are assessed for impairment based on fair value at each reporting date. Impairment is determined by stratifying rights into tranches based on predominant characteristics, such as interest rate, loan type and investor type. Impairment is recognized through valuation reserve, to the extent that fair value is less than the carrying amount of servicing assets. Fair value in excess of the carrying amount of servicing assets is not recognized.

Investment in Debt Securities. The Company classifies its investments in debt securities as either held-to-maturity or available-for-sale in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting  Standards (SFAS) No. 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities,” which was codified into ASC 320. Securities classified as held-to-maturity are recorded at cost or amortized cost. Available-for-sale securities are carried at fair value. Fair value calculations are based on quoted market prices when such prices are available. If quoted market prices are not available, estimates of fair value are computed using a variety of techniques, including extrapolation from the quoted prices of similar instruments or recent trades for thinly traded securities, fundamental analysis, or through obtaining purchase quotes. Due to the subjective nature of the valuation process, it is possible that the actual fair values of these investments could differ from the estimated amounts, thereby affecting the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company. If the estimated value of investments is less than the cost or amortized cost, the Company evaluates whether an event or change in circumstances has occurred that may have a significant adverse effect on the fair value of the investment. If such an event or change has occurred and the Company determines that the impairment is other-than-temporary, a further determination is made as to the portion of impairment that is related to credit loss. The impairment of the investment that is related to the credit loss is expensed in the period in which the event or change occurred. The remainder of the impairment is recorded in other comprehensive income.

Deferred Income Tax Assets/Liabilities. The Company’s net deferred income tax asset arises from differences in the dates that items of income and expense enter into our reported income and taxable income. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are established for these items as they arise. From an accounting standpoint, deferred tax assets are reviewed to determine if they are realizable based on the historical level of taxable income, estimates of future taxable income and the reversals of deferred tax liabilities. In most cases, the realization of the deferred tax asset is based on future profitability. If the Company were to experience net operating losses for tax purposes in a future period, the realization of deferred tax assets would be evaluated for a potential valuation reserve.

Additionally, the Company reviews its uncertain tax positions annually under FASB Interpretation No. 48 (FIN No. 48), “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes,” codified within ASC 740. An uncertain tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is "more likely than not" that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The amount actually recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely to be recognized on examination. For tax positions not meeting the "more likely than not" test, no tax benefit is recorded. A significant amount of judgment is applied to determine both whether the tax position meets the "more likely than not" test as well as to determine the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely to be recognized. Differences between the position taken by management and that of taxing authorities could result in a reduction of a tax benefit or increase to tax liability, which could adversely affect future income tax expense.

Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets. Core deposit and customer relationships, which are intangible assets with a finite life, are recorded on the Company’s balance sheets. These intangible assets were capitalized as a result of past acquisitions and are being amortized over their estimated useful lives of up to 15 years. Core deposit intangible assets, with finite lives will be tested for impairment when changes in events or circumstances indicate that its carrying amount may not be recoverable. Core deposit intangible assets were tested for impairment during 2019 as part of the goodwill impairment test and no impairment was deemed necessary.

As a result of the Company’s acquisition activity, goodwill, an intangible asset with an indefinite life, is reflected on the balance sheets. Goodwill is evaluated for impairment annually, unless there are factors present that indicate a potential impairment, in which case, the goodwill impairment test is performed more frequently than annually.

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Fair Value Measurements. The fair value of a financial instrument is defined as the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or liquidation sale. The Company estimates the fair value of a financial instrument using a variety of valuation methods. Where financial instruments are actively traded and have quoted market prices, quoted market prices are used for fair value. When the financial instruments are not actively traded, other observable market inputs, such as quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics, may be used, if available, to determine fair value. When observable market prices do not exist, the Company estimates fair value. The Company’s valuation methods consider factors such as liquidity and concentration concerns. Other factors such as model assumptions, market dislocations, and unexpected correlations can affect estimates of fair value. Imprecision in estimating these factors can impact the amount of revenue or loss recorded.

SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements”, which was codified into ASC 820, establishes a framework for measuring the fair value of financial instruments that considers the attributes specific to particular assets or liabilities and establishes a three-level hierarchy for determining fair value based on the transparency of inputs to each valuation as of the fair value measurement date. The three levels are defined as follows:

•	Level 1 — quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

•	Level 2 — inputs include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices of identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.

•	Level 3 — inputs that are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.

At the end of each quarter, the Company assesses the valuation hierarchy for each asset or liability measured. From time to time, assets or liabilities may be transferred within hierarchy levels due to changes in availability of observable market inputs to measure fair value at the measurement date. Transfers into or out of hierarchy levels are based upon the fair value at the beginning of the reporting period. A more detailed description of the fair values measured at each level of the fair value hierarchy can be found in Note 11 – “Disclosures of Fair Values of Financial Instruments.”

Results of Operations

Net Interest Income

The largest source of operating revenue for the Company is net interest income.  Net interest income represents the difference between total interest income earned on earning assets and total interest expense paid on interest-bearing liabilities.  The amount of interest income is dependent upon many factors, including the volume and mix of earning assets, the general level of interest rates and the dynamics of changes in interest rates.  The cost of funds necessary to support earning assets varies with the volume and mix of interest-bearing liabilities and the rates paid to attract and retain such funds.

Net interest income is the excess of interest received from earning assets over interest paid on interest-bearing liabilities. For analytical purposes, net interest income is presented on a full tax equivalent (TE) basis in the table that follows. The federal statutory rate in effect of 21% was used for 2019 and 2018 and 35% was used for 2017. The TE analysis portrays the income tax benefits associated with the tax-exempt assets. The year-to-date net yield on interest-earning assets excluding the TE adjustments of $2,152,000, $2,025,000, and $3,404,000 for 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively, were 3.58%, 3.71%, and 3.57% at December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

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The Company’s average balances, fully tax equivalent interest income and interest expense, and rates earned or paid for major balance sheet categories are set forth in the following table (dollars in thousands):

	Year Ended December 31, 2019								Year Ended December 31, 2018								Year Ended December 31, 2017
	Average Balance			Interest			Average Rate		Average Balance			Interest			Average Rate		Average Balance			Interest			Average Rate
ASSETS
Interest-bearing deposits	$	66,085		$	1,702		2.58	%	$	27,911		$	482		1.73	%	$	28,544		$	291		1.02	%
Federal funds sold	805			14			1.80	%	615			8			1.32	%	9,025			62			0.69	%
Certificates of deposit investments	6,236			137			2.20	%	3,013			66			2.18	%	3,317			50			1.50	%
Investment securities
Taxable	616,234			15,662			2.54	%	514,220			13,070			2.54	%	559,657			11,708			2.09	%
Tax-exempt (Municipals)(TE)(1)	185,472			6,811			3.67	%	173,151			6,540			3.78	%	171,678			7,345			4.28	%
Loans (TE)(1)(2)(3)	2,598,718			127,547			4.91	%	2,276,500			106,424			4.67	%	1,836,617			83,503			4.55	%
Total earning assets	3,473,550			151,873			4.37	%	2,995,410			126,590			4.24	%	2,608,838			102,959			3.95	%
Cash and due from banks	82,197								48,948								55,937
Premises and equipment	59,590								45,780								39,176
Other assets	249,016								174,467								140,051
Allowance for loan losses	(26,996		)						(23,031		)						(18,300		)
Total assets	$	3,837,357							$	3,241,574							$	2,825,702
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Deposits:
Demand deposits, interest-bearing	$	1,303,814		6,483			0.50	%	$	1,194,089		3,293			0.28	%	$	1,119,835		1,811			0.16	%
Savings deposits	437,549			590			0.13	%	395,028			579			0.15	%	367,261			486			0.13	%
Time deposits	630,369			11,866			1.88	%	473,043			4,699			0.99	%	348,278			1,697			0.49	%
Total Interest Bearing Deposits	2,371,732			18,939			0.80	%	2,062,160			8,571			0.42	%	1,835,374			3,994			0.22	%
Securities sold under agreements
to repurchase	169,437			911			0.54	%	140,622			330			0.23	%	144,674			181			0.13	%
FHLB advances	109,630			2,706			2.47	%	97,701			2,071			2.12	%	57,405			883			1.54	%
Federal funds purchased	616			15			2.40	%	3,794			97			2.55	%	3,996			61			1.51	%
Subordinated debentures	26,649			1,476			5.54	%	27,391			1,409			5.14	%	23,956			927			3.87	%
Other debt	1,825			—			—	%	10,103			349			3.45	%	13,289			436			3.28	%
Total borrowings	308,157			5,108			1.67	%	279,611			4,256			1.52	%	243,320			2,488			1.02	%
Total interest-bearing liabilities	2,679,889			24,047			0.90	%	2,341,771			12,827			0.55	%	2,078,694			6,482			0.31	%
Demand deposits	608,106								506,873								438,575
Other liabilities	44,083								11,284								9,144
Stockholders’ equity	505,279								381,646								299,289
Total liabilities & equity	$	3,837,357							$	3,241,574							$	2,825,702
Net interest income				$	127,826							$	113,763							$	96,477
Net interest spread							3.47	%							3.69	%							3.64	%
Impact of non-interest bearing funds							0.17	%							0.10	%							0.06	%
TE Net yield on interest-earning assets							3.64	%							3.79	%							3.70	%
(1) Tax-exempt income is shown on a fully tax equivalent basis.
(2) Nonaccrual loans have been included in the average balances. Balances are net of unaccreted discount related to loans acquired.
(3) Includes loans held for sale

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Changes in net interest income may also be analyzed by segregating the volume and rate components of interest income and interest expense.  The following table summarizes the approximate relative contribution of changes in average volume and interest rates to changes in net interest income for the past two years (in thousands):

		2019 Compared to 2018 Increase – (Decrease)												2018 Compared to 2017 Increase – (Decrease)
		Total Change				Volume (1)				Rate (1)				Total Change				Volume (1)				Rate (1)
Earning Assets:
Interest-bearing deposits		$	1,220			$	898			$	322			$	191			$	—			$	191
Federal funds sold		6				3				3				(54		)		—				(54		)
Certificates of deposit investments		71				70				1				16				—				16
Investment securities:
Taxable		2,592				2,592				—				1,362				(1		)		1,363
Tax-exempt		271				456				(185		)		(804		)		1				(805		)
Loans (2)		21,123				15,496				5,627				22,920				20				22,900
Total interest income		25,283				19,515				5,768				23,631				20				23,611
Interest-Bearing Liabilities:
Deposits:
Demand deposits, interest-bearing		3,190				249				2,941				1,482				121				1,361
Savings deposits		11				76				(65		)		93				31				62
Time deposits		7,167				1,467				5,700				3,002				780				2,222
Total interest-bearing deposits		10,368				1,792				8,576				4,577				932				3,645
Securities sold under agreements
to repurchase		581				46				535				149				(5		)		154
FHLB advances		635				159				476				1,188				773				415
Federal funds purchased		(82		)		(92		)		10				36				(3		)		39
Subordinated debentures		67				(51		)		118				482				147				335
Other debt		(349		)		(157		)		(192		)		(87		)		(109		)		22
Total borrowings		852				(95		)		947				1,768				803				965
Total interest expense		11,220				1,697				9,523				6,345				1,735				4,610
Net interest income		$	14,063			$	17,818			$	(3,755	)		$	17,286			$	(1,715	)		$	19,001
(1) Changes attributable to the combined impact of volume and rate have been allocated
proportionately to the change due to volume and the change due to rate.
(2) Nonaccrual loans have been included in the average balances. Balances are net of unaccreted discount related to loans acquired.

Net interest income on a tax-effected basis increased $14.1 million or 12.4% in 2019 compared to an increase of $17.3 million or 17.9% in 2018. Net interest income on a tax-effected basis increased primarily due to the growth in average earnings assets including loans and investments acquired from First Bank and Soy Capital Bank. The tax-effected net interest margin decreased primarily due to a higher cost of deposits and borrowings offset by higher yields on loans and investments and additional accretion income from acquisitions.

In 2019, average earning assets increased by $478.1 million, or 16.0%, and average interest-bearing liabilities increased by $338.1 million or 14.4%. In 2018, average earning assets increased by $386.6 million or 14.8% and average interest-bearing liabilities increased $263.1 million or 12.7% compared with 2017. Changes in average balances are shown below:

•	Average interest-bearing deposits held by the Company increased $38.2 million or 136.8% in 2019 compared to 2018. In 2018, average interest-bearing deposits held by the Company decreased $0.6 million or 2.2% compared to 2017.

•	Average federal funds sold increased $0.2 million or 30.9% in 2019 compared to 2018. In 2018, average federal funds sold decreased $8.4 million or 93.2% compared to 2017.

•	Average certificates of deposit investments increased $3.2 million or 107.0% in 2019 compared to 2018. In 2018, average certificates of deposit investments decreased $0.3 million or 9.2% compared to 2017.

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•	Average loans increased by $322.2 million or 14.2% in 2019 compared to 2018.  In 2018, average loans increased by $439.9 million or 24.0% compared to 2017.

•	Average securities increased by $114.3 million or 16.6% in 2019 compared to 2018.  In 2018, average securities decreased by $44.0 million or 6.0% compared to 2017.

•	Average deposits increased by $309.6 million or 15.0% in 2019 compared to 2018. In 2018, average deposits increased by $226.8 million or 12.4% compared to 2017.

•	Average securities sold under agreements to repurchase increased by $28.8 million or 20.5% in 2019 compared to 2018.  In 2018, average securities sold under agreements to repurchase decreased by $4.1 million or 2.8% compared to 2017.

•	Average borrowings and other debt decreased by $0.3 million or 0.2% in 2019 compared to 2018.  In 2018, average borrowings and other debt increased by $40.3 million or 40.9% compared to 2017.

•	Net interest margin decreased to 3.64% compared to 3.79% in 2018 and 3.70% in 2017. Asset yields increased by 13 basis points in 2019, and interest-bearing liabilities increased by 35 basis points.

Provision for Loan Losses

The provision for loan losses in 2019 was $6,433,000 compared to $8,667,000 in 2018 and $7,462,000 in 2017. Nonperforming loans decreased to $27,818,000 at December 31, 2019 from $29,749,000 at December 31, 2018 and $17,513,000 at December 31, 2017. The decrease in provision expense in 2019 was primarily due to the decrease in non performing loans. Net charge-offs were $5,711,000 during 2019, $2,455,000 during 2018 and $4,238,000 during 2017. For information on loan loss experience and nonperforming loans, see “Nonperforming Loans and Repossessed Assets” and “Loan Quality and Allowance for Loan Losses” herein.

Other Income

An important source of the Company’s revenue is derived from other income. The following table sets forth the major components of other income for the last three years (in thousands):

														$ Change From Prior Year
		2019				2018				2017				2019				2018
Wealth management revenues		$	15,570			$	8,460			$	5,905			$	7,110			$	2,555
Insurance commissions		16,029				5,592				3,872				10,437				1,720
Service charges		7,837				7,435				6,920				402				515
Securities gains		802				901				616				(99		)		285
Mortgage banking		1,746				1,205				1,184				541				21
ATM / debit card revenue		8,491				7,487				6,495				1,004				992
Bank Owned Life Insurance		1,755				1,389				1,638				366				(249		)
Other		3,787				2,945				3,706				842				(761		)
Total other income		$	56,017			$	35,414			$	30,336			$	20,603			$	5,078

Total non-interest income increased to $56.0 million in 2019 compared to $35.4 million in 2018 and $30.3 million in 2017.  The primary reasons for the more significant year-to-year changes in other income components are as follows:

•

Wealth management revenues increased $7,110,000 or 84.0% in 2019 to $15,570,000 from $8,460,000 in 2018 and $5,905,000 in 2017. The increases in 2019 was due to an increases in market value and revenue from defined contribution and other retirement accounts, an increase in revenue from brokerage accounts from new business development efforts and farm management and brokerage services and additional trust accounts added with the acquisition of Soy Capital. Total assets under management were $4.3 billion at December 31, 2019 compared to $3.9 billion at December 31, 2018 and $1.5 billion at December 31, 2017.

•	Insurance commissions increased $10,437,000 or 186.6% to $16,029,000 in 2019 from $5,592,000 in 2018 and $3,872,000 in 2017. The growth is primarily due to an increase in insurance activities and revenues following the acquisition of SCB.

•	Fees from service charges increased $402,000 or 5.4% to $7,837,000 in 2019 from $7,435,000 in 2018 and $6,920,000 in 2017.  The increase in 2019 was primarily due to additional income from SCB transactions offset by a decrease in service charges based on the number of transactions. The increase in 2018 was primarily due to a increase in income from the First Bank acquisition.

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•	Net securities gains in 2019 were $802,000 compared to $901,000 in 2018 and $616,000 in 2017.

•	Mortgage banking income increased $541,000 or 44.9% to $1,746,000 in 2019 from $1,205,000 in 2018 and $1,184,000 in 2017. Loans sold balances are as follows:

▪	$101 million (representing 741 loans) in 2019

▪	$62 million (representing 489 loans) in 2018

▪	$68 million (representing 536 loans) in 2017

First Mid Bank generally releases the servicing rights on loans sold into the secondary market.

•	Revenue from ATMs and debit cards increased $1,004,000 or 13.4% to $8,491,000 in 2019 from $7,487,000 in 2018 and $6,495,000 in 2017. The increase in 2019 and 2018 was primarily due to an increase in electronic transactions following the First Bank and SCB acquisitions that occurred in the second and fourth quarter of 2018.

•	Bank owned life insurance increased $366,000 or 26.3% to $1,755,000 in 2018 from $1,389,000 in 2017 and $1,638,000 in 2017. During the fourth quarter of 2018, the Company acquired $13.6 million in bank owned life insurance from the SCB acquisition.The decrease in 2018 from 2017 was due to a death benefit of approximately $511,000.

•

Other income increased $842,000 or 28.6% in 2019 to $3,787,000 from $2,945,000 in 2018 and $3,706,000 in 2017.  The increase in 2019 is primarily due to increases in miscellaneous fees and revenues from the SCB and First Bank acquisitions.The decrease in 2018 was primarily due to income tax refunds received in 2017 resulting from overpayment of taxes in 2016 by First Clover Leaf Financial and a decline in loan late charges and closing fees due to less loan transaction activity.

Other Expense

The major categories of other expense include salaries and employee benefits, occupancy and equipment expenses and other operating expenses associated with day-to-day operations. The following table sets forth the major components of other expense for the last three years (in thousands):

														$ Change From Prior Year
		2019				2018				2017				2019				2018
Salaries and benefits		$	62,578			$	46,803			$	39,756			$	15,775			$	7,047
Occupancy and equipment		17,680				14,533				12,596				3,147				1,937
Other real estate owned, net		443				282				560				161				(278		)
FDIC insurance assessment expense		219				1,059				905				(840		)		154
Amortization of other intangibles		5,848				3,215				2,153				2,633				1,062
Stationery and supplies		1,104				963				724				141				239
Legal and professional fees		5,164				5,243				3,887				(79		)		1,356
Marketing and promotion		2,031				1,794				1,356				237				438
ATM / debit card expense		3,488				2,971				2,393				517				578
Other		13,437				13,117				9,891				320				3,226
Total other expense		$	111,992			$	89,980			$	74,221			$	22,012			$	15,759

Total non-interest expense increased to $112.0 million in 2019 from $90.0 million in 2018 and $74.2 million in 2017.  The primary reasons for the more significant year-to-year changes in other expense components are as follows:

•

Salaries and employee benefits, the largest component of other expense, increased $15.8 million or 33.7% to $62.6 million from $46.8 million in 2018, and $39.8 million in 2017. The increase in 2019 is primarily due to additional employees from the First Bank and SCB acquisitions for all of 2019 and merit increases in 2019 for continuing employees during the first quarter of 2019. The increase in 2018 is primarily due to the addition of 112 employees from the First Bank acquisition, the addition of 149 employees from the SCB acquisition and merit increases in 2018 for continuing employees during the first quarter of 2018. There were 827 full-time equivalent employees at December 31, 2019, compared to 818 at December 31, 2018, and 592 at December 31, 2017.

•	Occupancy and equipment expense increased $3,147,000 or 21.7% to $17.7 million in 2019 from $14.5 million in 2018, and $12.6 million in 2017. The increases in 2019 and 2018 was primarily due to increases in maintenance and repair expenses, rent expense, and building insurance related to the acquisition of First Bank and SCB.

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•	Net other real estate owned expense increased $161,000 or 57.1% to $443,000 from $282,000 in 2018, and $560,000 in 2017. The increase in 2019 was primarily due to more losses on properties sold during 2019 than during 2018. The decrease in 2018 was primarily due to more gains on properties sold during 2018 than during 2017.

•

FDIC insurance expense decreased $840,000 or 79.3% to $219,000 from $1,059,000 in 2018, and $905,000 in 2017. The decrease in 2019 is primarily due to small business assessment credits received for the June and September FDIC insurance assessments. These amounts were reversed from previously accrued expense. The increase in 2018 was primarily due to an increase in average assets offset by a decline in FDIC rates.

•

Amortization of other intangibles expense increased $2,633,000 or 81.9% to $5,848,000 from $3,215,000 in 2018, and $2,153,000 in 2017. The increase in 2019 was due to amortization of additional core deposit intangibles from the First Bank and SCB acquisitions, customer list intangibles from the SCB acquisition and a mortgage servicing rights impairment reserve recorded. The increase in 2018 was due to amortization of core deposit intangibles from the First Bank and Soy Capital acquisitions.

•	ATM and debit card expenses increased $517,000 or 17.4% to $3,488,000 from $2,971,000 in 2018 and $2,393,000 in 2017. The increase in 2019 and 2018 was primarily due to an increase in electronic transactions following the First Bank and SCB acquisitions that occurred in the second and fourth quarter of 2018.

•	Other operating expenses increased $320,000 or 2.4% to $13,437,000 from $13,117,000 in 2018, and $9,891,000 in 2017. The increase in 2019 is primarily due to an increase in loan collection expenses and costs associated with the merger of SCB into First Mid Bank. The increase in 2018 was primarily due to costs associated with the acquisition and merger of First Bank and the acquisition of SCB.

•	On a net basis, all other categories of operating expenses increased $299,000 or 3.7% to $8,299,000 from $8,000,000 in 2018, and $5,967,000 in 2017. The increase is primarily due to an increase in legal and professional fees primarily associated with the acquisitions of First Bank and SCB.

Income Taxes

Income tax expense amounted to $15,323,000 in 2019 compared to $11,905,000 in 2018, and $15,042,000 in 2017.  Effective tax rates were 24.2% for 2019, 24.5% for 2018, and 36.0% for 2017.  The decline in effective tax rate for 2018 compared to 2017 was primarily due to a change in federal statutory corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. The increases in tax expense and the effective tax rate for 2017 were primarily due to an increase in taxable income, and increase in Illinois corporate income tax rate from 7.75% to 9.50% effective July 1, 2017, and additional one-time income tax expense of approximately $1.4 million during the fourth quarter of 2017, due to remeasurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities because of the Tax Cut and Jobs Act.

The Company files U.S. federal and state of Illinois, Indiana, and Missouri income tax returns. The Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal or state income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2016.

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Analysis of Balance Sheets

Securities

The Company’s overall investment objectives are to insulate the investment portfolio from undue credit risk, maintain adequate liquidity, insulate capital against changes in market value and control excessive changes in earnings while optimizing investment performance.  The types and maturities of securities purchased are primarily based on the Company’s current and projected liquidity and interest rate sensitivity positions. The following table sets forth the amortized cost of the available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities for the last three years (dollars in thousands):

	December 31,
	2019						2018						2017
	Amortized Cost			Weighted Average Yield			Amortized Cost			Weighted Average Yield			Amortized Cost			Weighted Average Yield
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	175,970		2.39	%		$	270,816		2.38	%		$	185,128		1.98	%
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	172,460			2.98	%		193,195			2.94	%		165,037			2.86	%
Mortgage-backed securities: GSE residential	391,307			2.79	%		304,372			2.86	%		295,778			2.59	%
Trust preferred securities	—			—	%		—			—	%		2,893			2.15	%
Other securities	4,028			3.44	%		2,278			3.58	%		2,039			2.50	%
Total securities	$	743,765		2.83	%		$	770,661		2.72	%		$	650,875		2.55	%

At December 31, 2019, the amortized cost of the Company’s investment portfolio decreased by $26.9 million from December 31, 2018 primarily due to securities that were sold or matured and were not replaced to provide cash flow to fund loans. When purchasing investment securities, the Company considers its overall liquidity and interest rate risk profile, as well as the adequacy of expected returns relative to the risks assumed.

The table below presents the credit ratings as of December 31, 2019 for certain investment securities (in thousands):

									Average Credit Rating of Fair Value at December 31, 2019 (1)
	Amortized Cost				Estimated Fair Value				AAA				AA +/-				A +/-				BBB +/-				< BBB -				Not rated
Available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	106,428			$	107,320			$	—			$	107,320			$	—			$	—			$	—			$	—
Obligations of state and political subdivisions	172,460				178,433				15,032				116,347				45,449				—				—				1,605
Mortgage-backed securities (2)	391,307				396,126				1,050				—				—				—				—				395,076
Other securities	4,028				4,169				—				—				—				2,002				—				2,167
Total investments	$	674,223			$	686,048			$	16,082			$	223,667			$	45,449			$	2,002			$	—			$	398,848
Held-to-maturity:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	69,542			$	69,572			$	—			$	69,572			$	—			$	—			$	—			$	—

(1) Credit ratings reflect the lowest current rating assigned by a nationally recognized credit rating agency.

(2) Mortgage-backed securities include mortgage-backed securities (MBS) and collateralized mortgage obligation (CMO) issues from the following government sponsored enterprises: FHLMC, FNMA, GNMA and FHLB. While MBS and CMOs are no longer explicitly rated by credit rating agencies, the industry recognizes that they are backed by agencies which have an implied government guarantee.

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Other-than-temporary Impairment of Securities

Declines in the fair value, or unrealized losses, of all available for sale investment securities, are reviewed to determine whether the losses are either a temporary impairment or OTTI. Temporary adjustments are recorded when the fair value of a security fluctuates from its historical cost. Temporary adjustments are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income, and impact the Company’s equity position. Temporary adjustments do not impact net income. A recovery of available for sale security prices also is recorded as an adjustment to other comprehensive income for securities that are temporarily impaired, and results in a positive impact to the Company’s equity position.

OTTI is recorded when the fair value of an available for sale security is less than historical cost, and it is probable that all contractual cash flows will not be collected. Investment securities are evaluated for OTTI on at least a quarterly basis. In conducting this assessment, the Company evaluates a number of factors including, but not limited to:

•	how much fair value has declined below amortized cost;

•	how long the decline in fair value has existed;

•	the financial condition of the issuers;

•	contractual or estimated cash flows of the security;

•	underlying supporting collateral;

•	past events, current conditions and forecasts;

•	significant rating agency changes on the issuer; and

•	the Company’s intent and ability to hold the security for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value.

If the Company intends to sell the security or if it is more likely than not the Company will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, the entire amount of OTTI is recorded to noninterest income, and therefore, results in a negative impact to net income. Because the available for sale securities portfolio is recorded at fair value, the conclusion as to whether an investment decline is other-than-temporarily impaired, does not significantly impact the Company’s equity position, as the amount of the temporary adjustment has already been reflected in accumulated other comprehensive income/loss. If the Company does not intend to sell the security and it is not more-likely-than-not it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, only the amount related to credit loss is recognized in earnings.  In determining the portion of OTTI that is related to credit loss, the Company compares the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security with the amortized cost basis of the security. The remaining portion of OTTI, related to other factors, is recognized in other comprehensive earnings, net of applicable taxes. The term “other-than-temporary” is not intended to indicate that the decline is permanent, but indicates that the prospects for a near-term recovery of value are not necessarily favorable, or that there is a general lack of evidence to support a realizable value equal to or greater than the carrying value of the investment. See Note 4 -- Investment Securities in the notes to the financial statements for a discussion of the Company’s evaluation and, when applicable, charges for OTTI.

Loans

The loan portfolio (net of unearned interest) is the largest category of the Company’s earning assets.  The following table summarizes the composition of the loan portfolio, including loans held for sale, for the last five years (in thousands):

	2019				% Outstanding Loans			2018				2017				2016				2015
Construction and land development	$	94,142			3.5	%		$	50,619			$	107,594			$	49,104			$	39,209
Farm loans	240,241				8.9	%		231,700				127,183				126,108				122,474
1-4 Family residential properties	336,427				12.5	%		373,518				293,667				326,415				231,571
Multifamily residential properties	153,948				5.7	%		184,051				61,798				83,200				45,740
Commercial real estate	995,702				36.9	%		906,850				681,757				630,135				409,172
Loans secured by real estate	1,820,460				67.5	%		1,746,738				1,271,999				1,214,962				848,166
Agricultural loans	136,124				5.1	%		135,877				86,631				86,685				75,886
Commercial and industrial loans	528,973				19.6	%		557,011				444,263				409,033				305,060
Consumer loans	83,183				3.1	%		91,516				29,749				38,028				41,579
All other loans	126,607				4.7	%		113,377				106,859				77,284				11,198
Total loans	$	2,695,347			100.0	%		$	2,644,519			$	1,939,501			$	1,825,992			$	1,281,889

Loan balances increased by $50.8 million or 1.9% from December 31, 2018 to December 31, 2019 primarily due to increases in balances of commercial real estate and construction and land development. Loan balances increased by $705.0 million or 36.4% from December 31, 2017 to December 31, 2018 primarily due to loans acquired from First Bank and SCB. The balances of loans sold into the secondary market were $101.4 million in 2019 compared to $62.3 million in 2018. The balance of real estate loans held for sale, included in the balances shown above, amounted to $1,820,000 and $1,508,000 as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Commercial and commercial real estate loans generally involve higher credit risks than residential real estate and consumer loans. Because payments on loans secured by commercial real estate or equipment are often dependent upon the successful operation and management of the underlying assets, repayment of such loans may be influenced to a great extent by conditions in the market or the economy. The Company does not have any sub-prime mortgages or credit card loans outstanding which are also generally considered to be higher credit risk.

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The following table summarizes the loan portfolio geographically by branch region as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands):

	December 31, 2019							December 31, 2018
	Principal balance				% Outstanding Loans			Principal balance				% Outstanding Loans
Central region	$	568,256			21.1	%		$	571,909			21.7	%
Sullivan region	404,169				15.0	%		375,407				14.2	%
Decatur region	602,716				22.3	%		501,743				19.0	%
Peoria region	443,526				16.5	%		291,283				11.0	%
Highland region	547,156				20.3	%		518,881				19.6	%
Southern region	129,524				4.8	%		133,225				5.0	%
Soy Capital Bank	—				—	%		252,071				9.5	%
Total all regions	$	2,695,347			100.0	%		$	2,644,519			100.0	%

Loans are geographically dispersed among these regions located in central and southwestern Illinois. While these regions have experienced some economic stress during 2019 and 2018, the Company does not consider these locations high risk areas since these regions have not experienced the significant volatility in real estate values seen in some other areas in the United States.

The Company does not have a concentration, as defined by the regulatory agencies, in construction and land development loans or commercial real estate loans as a percentage of total risk-based capital for the periods shown above. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company did have industry loan concentrations in excess of 25% of total risk-based capital in the following industries (dollars in thousands):

	December 31, 2019							December 31, 2018
	Principal balance				% Outstanding Loans			Principal balance				% Outstanding Loans
Other grain farming	$	301,469			11.18	%		$	276,142			10.44	%
Lessors of non-residential buildings	300,611				11.15	%		250,495				9.47	%
Lessors of residential buildings & dwellings	284,378				10.55	%		289,169				10.93	%
Hotels and motels	120,735				4.48	%		129,216				4.89	%
Other gambling industries	90,429				3.36	%		105,259				3.98	%

The concentration of other gambling industries was less than 25% of total risk-based capital as of December 31, 2019 however is shown for comparative purposes. The Company had no further industry loan concentrations in excess of 25% of total risk-based capital.

The following table presents the balance of loans outstanding as of December 31, 2019, by contractual maturities (in thousands):

	Maturity (1)
	One year or less(2)				Over 1 through 5 years				Over 5 years				Total
Construction and land development	$	29,885			$	17,311			$	46,946			$	94,142
Farm loans	18,307				70,541				151,393				240,241
1-4 Family residential properties	18,818				71,842				245,767				336,427
Multifamily residential properties	10,852				100,062				43,034				153,948
Commercial real estate	62,987				447,611				485,104				995,702
Loans secured by real estate	140,849				707,367				972,244				1,820,460
Agricultural loans	106,043				25,298				4,783				136,124
Commercial and industrial loans	192,894				266,751				69,328				528,973
Consumer loans	5,706				65,183				12,294				83,183
All other loans	14,243				29,850				82,514				126,607
Total loans	$	459,735			$	1,094,449			$	1,141,163			$	2,695,347

(1) Based upon remaining contractual maturity.

(2) Includes demand loans, past due loans and overdrafts.

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As of December 31, 2019, loans with maturities over one year consisted of approximately $1.7 billion in fixed rate loans and approximately $540 million in variable rate loans.  The loan maturities noted above are based on the contractual provisions of the individual loans.  The Company has no general policy regarding renewals and borrower requests, which are handled on a case-by-case basis.

Nonperforming Loans and Nonperforming Other Assets

Nonperforming loans include: (a) loans accounted for on a nonaccrual basis; (b) accruing loans contractually past due ninety days or more as to interest or principal payments; and (c) loans not included in (a) and (b) above which are defined as “troubled debt restructurings”. Repossessed assets include primarily repossessed real estate and automobiles.

The Company’s policy is to discontinue the accrual of interest income on any loan for which principal or interest is ninety days past due.  The accrual of interest is discontinued earlier when, in the opinion of management, there is reasonable doubt as to the timely collection of interest or principal.  Once interest accruals are discontinued, accrued but uncollected interest is charged against current year income. Subsequent receipts on non-accrual loans are recorded as a reduction of principal, and interest income is recorded only after principal recovery is reasonably assured. Nonaccrual loans are returned to accrual status when, in the opinion of management, the financial position of the borrower indicates there is no longer any reasonable doubt as to the timely collection of interest or principal.

Restructured loans are loans on which, due to deterioration in the borrower’s financial condition, the original terms have been modified in favor of the borrower or either principal or interest has been forgiven. Repossessed assets represent property acquired as the result of borrower defaults on loans. These assets are recorded at estimated fair value, less estimated selling costs, at the time of foreclosure or repossession.  Write-downs occurring at foreclosure are charged against the allowance for loan losses. On an ongoing basis, properties are appraised as required by market indications and applicable regulations. Write-downs for subsequent declines in value are recorded in non-interest expense in other real estate owned along with other expenses related to maintaining the properties.

The following table presents information concerning the aggregate amount of nonperforming loans and repossessed assets (in thousands):

	December 31,
	2019				2018				2017				2016				2015
Nonaccrual loans	$	25,118			$	27,298			$	16,659			$	12,053			$	3,412
Restructured loans which are performing in accordance with revised terms	2,700				2,451				854				6,185				601
Total nonperforming loans	27,818				29,749				17,513				18,238				4,013
Repossessed assets	3,720				2,595				2,834				1,985				478
Total nonperforming loans and repossessed assets	$	31,538			$	32,344			$	20,347			$	20,223			$	4,491
Nonperforming loans to loans, before allowance for loan losses	1.03		%		1.12		%		0.90		%		1.00		%		0.31		%
Nonperforming loans and repossessed assets to loans, before allowance for loan losses	1.17		%		1.22		%		1.05		%		1.11		%		0.35		%

The $2.2 million decrease in nonaccrual loans during 2019 resulted from the net of $15.4 million of loans put on nonaccrual status, offset by $3.5 million of loans transferred to other real estate owned, $2.6 million of loans charged off and $11.5 million of loans becoming current or paid-off. The amounts above do not include loans formerly identified as TDRs by SCB. The following table summarizes the composition of nonaccrual loans (in thousands):

	December 31, 2019							December 31, 2018
	Balance				% of Total			Balance				% of Total
Construction and land development	$	41			0.2	%		$	377			1.4	%
Farm loans	479				1.9	%		309				1.1	%
1-4 Family residential properties	7,379				29.3	%		5,762				21.1	%
Multifamily residential properties	3,137				12.5	%		2,105				7.7	%
Commercial real estate	4,351				17.3	%		8,457				31.1	%
Loans secured by real estate	15,387				61.2	%		17,010				62.4	%
Agricultural loans	769				3.1	%		667				2.4	%
Commercial and industrial loans	8,441				33.6	%		8,990				32.9	%
Consumer loans	521				2.1	%		625				2.3	%
All Other loans	—				—	%		6				—	%
Total loans	$	25,118			100.0	%		$	27,298			100.0	%

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Interest income that would have been reported if nonaccrual and restructured loans had been performing totaled $906,000, $1,189,000 and $471,000 for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

The $1,125,000 increase in repossessed assets during 2019 resulted from the net of $3,827,000 of additional assets repossessed, ,$2,691,000 of repossessed assets sold and $51,000 of further write-downs of repossessed assets to current market value, and a $40,000 adjustment to purchase accounting. The following table summarizes the composition of repossessed assets (in thousands):

	December 31, 2019							December 31, 2018
	Balance				% of Total			Balance				% of Total
Construction and land development	$	1,826			49.1	%		$	1,513			58.2	%
Farm Loans	—				—	%		—				—	%
1-4 family residential properties	1,024				27.6	%		583				22.5	%
Multi-family residential properties	64				1.7	%		—				—	%
Commercial real estate	730				19.6	%		438				16.9	%
Total real estate	3,644				98.0	%		2,534				97.6	%
Agricultural Loans	—				—	%		—				—	%
Commercial & Industrial Loans	76				2.0	%		61				2.4	%
Consumer Loans	—				—	%		—				—	%
Total repossessed collateral	$	3,720			100.0	%		$	2,595			100.0	%

Repossessed assets sold during 2019 resulted in total net losses of $59,000, of which $8,000 of net losses was related to real estate asset sales and $51,000 was related to write downs of real estate assets to appraised value.

Loan Quality and Allowance for Loan Losses

The allowance for loan losses represents management’s estimate of the reserve necessary to adequately account for probable losses existing in the current portfolio. The provision for loan losses is the charge against current earnings that is determined by management as the amount needed to maintain an adequate allowance for loan losses.  In determining the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses, and therefore the provision to be charged to current earnings, management relies predominantly on a disciplined credit review and approval process that extends to the full range of the Company’s credit exposure.  The review process is directed by overall lending policy and is intended to identify, at the earliest possible stage, borrowers who might be facing financial difficulty.  Once identified, the magnitude of exposure to individual borrowers is quantified in the form of specific allocations of the allowance for loan losses.  Management considers collateral values and guarantees in the determination of such specific allocations.  Additional factors considered by management in evaluating the overall adequacy of the allowance include historical net loan losses, the level and composition of nonaccrual, past due and renegotiated loans, trends in volumes and terms of loans, effects of changes in risk selection and underwriting standards or lending practices, lending staff changes, concentrations of credit, industry conditions and the current economic conditions in the region where the Company operates.

Given the current state of the economy, management did assess the impact of the recession on each category of loans and adjusted historical loss factors for more recent economic trends. Management utilizes a five-year loss history as one of several components in assessing the probability of inherent future losses. Given the continued weakened economic conditions, management also increased its allocation to various loan categories for economic factors during 2015 and 2014. Some of the economic factors include the potential for reduced cash flow for commercial operating loans from reduction in sales or

increased operating costs, decreased occupancy rates for commercial buildings, reduced levels of home sales for commercial land developments, the uncertainty regarding grain prices, drought conditions and increased operating costs for farmers, and increased levels of unemployment and bankruptcy impacting consumer’s ability to pay. Each of these economic uncertainties was taken into consideration in developing the level of the reserve. Management considers the allowance for loan losses a critical accounting policy.

Management recognizes there are risk factors that are inherent in the Company’s loan portfolio.  All financial institutions face risk factors in their loan portfolios because risk exposure is a function of the business.  The Company’s operations (and therefore its loans) are concentrated in central and southern Illinois, an area where agriculture is the dominant industry.  Accordingly, lending and other business relationships with agriculture-based businesses are critical to the Company’s success. At December 31, 2019, the Company’s loan portfolio included $376.4 million of loans to borrowers whose businesses are directly related to agriculture. Of this amount, $301.5 million was concentrated in other grain farming. Total loans to borrowers whose businesses are directly related to agriculture increased $8.8 million from $367.6 million at December 31, 2018 while loans concentrated in other grain farming increased $25.4 million from $276.1 million at December 31, 2018.  

While the Company adheres to sound underwriting practices, including collateralization of loans, any extended period of low commodity prices, drought conditions, significantly reduced yields on crops and/or reduced levels of government assistance to the agricultural industry could result in an increase in the level of problem agriculture loans and potentially result in loan losses within the agricultural portfolio.

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In addition, the Company has $120.7 million of loans to motels and hotels.  The performance of these loans is dependent on borrower specific issues as well as the general level of business and personal travel within the region.  While the Company adheres to sound underwriting standards, a prolonged period of reduced business or personal travel could result in an increase in nonperforming loans to this business segment and potentially in loan losses. The Company also has $300.6 million of loans to lessors of non-residential buildings and $284.4 million of loans to lessors of residential buildings and dwellings, and $90.4 million to other gambling industries.

The structure of the Company’s loan approval process is based on progressively larger lending authorities granted to individual loan officers, loan committees, and ultimately the Board of Directors.  Outstanding balances to one borrower or affiliated borrowers are limited by federal regulation; however, limits well below the regulatory thresholds are generally observed.  The vast majority of the Company’s loans are to businesses located in the geographic market areas served by the Company’s branch bank system.  Additionally, a significant portion of the collateral securing the loans in the portfolio is located within the Company’s primary geographic footprint.  In general, the Company adheres to loan underwriting standards consistent with industry guidelines for all loan segments.

The Company minimizes credit risk by adhering to sound underwriting and credit review policies.  Management and the Board of Directors of the Company review these policies at least annually.  Senior management is actively involved in business development efforts and the maintenance and monitoring of credit underwriting and approval.  The loan review system and controls are designed to identify, monitor and address asset quality problems in an accurate and timely manner.  On a quarterly basis, the Board of Directors and management review the status of problem loans and determine a best estimate of the allowance.  In addition to internal policies and controls, regulatory authorities periodically review asset quality and the overall adequacy of the allowance for loan losses.

Analysis of the allowance for loan losses for the past five years and of changes in the allowance for these periods is summarized as follows (dollars in thousands):

	2019				2018				2017				2016				2015
Average loans outstanding, net of unearned income	$	2,598,718			$	2,276,500			$	1,836,617			$	1,454,591			$	1,126,479
Allowance-beginning of period	26,189				19,977				16,753				14,576				13,682
Charge-offs:
Real estate-mortgage	2,557				1,281				1,025				381				131
Commercial, financial & agricultural	2,505				925				3,649				630				222
Installment	705				364				98				292				285
Other	559				423				423				372				268
Total charge-offs	6,326				2,993				5,195				1,675				906
Recoveries:
Real estate-mortgage	90				91				406				529				186
Commercial, financial & agricultural	166				133				281				283				120
Installment	97				80				27				25				24
Other	262				234				243				189				152
Total recoveries	615				538				957				1,026				482
Net charge-offs	5,711				2,455				4,238				649				424
Provision for loan losses	6,433				8,667				7,462				2,826				1,318
Allowance-end of period	$	26,911			$	26,189			$	19,977			$	16,753			$	14,576
Ratio of annualized net charge-offs to average loans	0.22		%		0.11		%		0.23		%		0.05		%		0.04		%
Ratio of allowance for loan losses to loans outstanding (less unearned interest at end of period)	1.00		%		0.99		%		1.03		%		0.92		%		1.14		%
Ratio of allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans	96.7		%		88.0		%		114.1		%		92.0		%		363.0		%

The ratio of the allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans is 96.7% as of December 31, 2019 compared to 88.0% as of December 31, 2018.  The increase in this ratio is primarily due to allowance allocated for the increase in performing loan balances. The amounts above do not include loans formerly identified as TDRs by Soy Capital Bank. Management believes that the overall estimate of the allowance for loan losses appropriately accounts for probable losses attributable to current exposures.

During 2019, the Company had net charge-offs of $5,711,000 compared to $2,455,000 in 2018. During 2019, there were significant charge offs of seven commercial real estate loans to five borrowers of $1.8 million,and charge offs of six commercial operating loans to five borrowers of $1.9 million. During 2018, there were significant charge offs of commercial real estate loans to one borrower of $169,000, charge offs of two agricultural loans to one borrower of $93,000, and charge offs of six commercial operating loans to two borrowers of $540,000.

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At December 31, 2019, the allowance for loan losses amounted to $26.9 million or 1.00% of total loans. At December 31, 2018, the allowance for loan losses amounted to $26.2 million or 0.99% of total loans. The allowance is allocated to the individual loan categories by a specific allocation for all classified loans plus a percentage of loans not classified based on historical losses and other factors. The allowance for loan losses, in management's judgment, is allocated as follows to cover probable loan losses (dollars in thousands):

	December 31, 2019						December 31, 2018						December 31, 2017
	Allowance for loan losses			% of loans to total loans			Allowance for loan losses			% of loans to total loans			Allowance for loan losses			% of loans to total loans
Residential real estate	$	1,386		12.8	%		$	1,504		14.8	%		$	886		16.2	%
Commercial / Commercial real estate	21,618			69.8	%		21,556			67.5	%		16,546			70.8	%
Agricultural / Agricultural real estate	2,479			14.0	%		2,197			13.9	%		1,742			11.0	%
Consumer	1,428			3.4	%		932			3.8	%		803			2.0	%
Total allocated	26,911			100.0	%		26,189			100.0	%		19,977			100.0	%
Unallocated	—			NA			—			NA			—			NA
Allowance at end of year	$	26,911		100.0	%		$	26,189		100.0	%		$	19,977		100.0	%

	December 31, 2016						December 31, 2015
	Allowance for loan losses			% of loans to total loans			Allowance for loan losses			% of loans to total loans
Residential real estate	$	874		20.1	%		$	994		18.1	%
Commercial / Commercial real estate	12,901			66.0	%		11,379			63.0	%
Agricultural / Agricultural real estate	2,249			11.6	%		1,337			15.5	%
Consumer	693			2.3	%		642			3.4	%
Total allocated	16,717			100.0	%		14,352			100.0	%
Unallocated	36			NA			224			NA
Allowance at end of year	$	16,753		100.0	%		$	14,576		100.0	%

The unallocated allowance represents an estimate of the probable, inherent, but yet undetected, losses in the loan portfolio. It is based on factors that cannot necessarily be associated with a specific credit or loan category and represents management's estimate to ensure that the overall allowance for loan losses appropriately reflects a margin for the imprecision necessarily inherent in the estimates of expected credit losses. Fluctuations in the unallocated portion of the allowance result from qualitative factors such as economic conditions, expansionary activities and portfolio composition that influence the level of risk in the portfolio but are not specifically quantified.

Deposits

Funding of the Company’s earning assets is substantially provided by a combination of consumer, commercial and public fund deposits.  The Company continues to focus its strategies and emphasis on retail core deposits, the major component of funding sources.  The following table sets forth the average deposits and weighted average rates for the the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands):

	2019							2018							2017
	Average Balance				Weighted Average Rate			Average Balance				Weighted Average Rate			Average Balance				Weighted Average Rate
Demand deposits:
Non-interest-bearing	$	608,106			—	%		$	506,873			—	%		$	438,575			—	%
Interest-bearing	1,303,814				0.50	%		1,194,089				0.28	%		1,119,835				0.16	%
Savings	437,549				0.13	%		395,028				0.15	%		367,261				0.13	%
Time deposits	630,369				1.88	%		473,043				0.99	%		348,278				0.49	%
Total average deposits	$	2,979,838			0.64	%		$	2,569,033			0.33	%		$	2,273,949			0.18	%

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The following table sets forth the high and low month-end balances for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands):

	2019				2018				2017
High month-end balances of total deposits	$	3,046,212			$	3,017,035			$	2,331,084
Low month-end balances of total deposits	2,917,366				2,208,941				2,217,477

In 2019, the average balance of deposits increased by $410.8 million from 2018. The increase was primarily the result of deposit balances acquired in the acquisition of First Bank during the second quarter of 2018 and the acquisition of SCB during the fourth quarter of 2018. Average non-interest bearing deposits increased $101.2 million, interest-bearing deposits increased by $109.7 million, savings accounts increased by $42.5 million, and time deposits increased $157.3 million. In 2018, the average balance of deposits increased by $295.1 million from 2017. The increase was primarily attributable the acquisition of FIrst Clover Leaf during the third quarter of 2016 that were included for the full-year in 2017. Average non-interest bearing deposits increased by $68.3 million, savings accounts increased by $27.8 million, average balances of interest-bearing deposits increased $74.3 million and time deposits increased by $124.8 million.

Balances of time deposits of $100,000 or more include time deposits maintained for public fund entities and consumer time deposits. The following table sets forth the maturity of time deposits of $100,000 or more (in thousands):

	December 31,
	2019				2018				2017
3 months or less	$	81,910			$	44,898			$	31,467
Over 3 through 6 months	55,495				49,476				34,194
Over 6 through 12 months	95,725				78,567				54,607
Over 12 months	107,861				155,071				46,805
Total	$	340,991			$	328,012			$	167,073

The balance of time deposits of $100,000 or more increased $13.0 million from December 31, 2018 to December 31, 2019. The balance of time deposits of $100,000 or more increased $160.9 million from December 31, 2017 to December 31, 2018. The increases in 2019 and 2018 were primarily due to the deposits added through acquisitions.

In 2019 the Company maintained account relationships with various public entities throughout its market areas. Eighty-one public entities had total balances of $87.6 million in various checking accounts and time deposits as of December 31, 2019. These balances are subject to change depending upon the cash flow needs of the public entity.

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Repurchase Agreements and Other Borrowings

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase are short-term obligations of First Mid Bank.  These obligations are collateralized with certain government securities that are direct obligations of the United States or one of its agencies.  These retail repurchase agreements are a cash management service to its corporate customers.  Other borrowings consist of Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) advances, federal funds purchased, loans (short-term or long-term debt) that the Company has outstanding and junior subordinated debentures. Information relating to securities sold under agreements to repurchase and other borrowings as December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is presented below (in thousands):

	2019				2018				2017
At December 31:
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	$	208,109			$	192,330			$	155,388
Federal funds purchased	5,000				—				—
Federal Home Loan Bank advances:
Fixed term – due in one year or less	39,000				29,000				—
Fixed term – due after one year	74,895				90,745				60,038
Junior subordinated debentures	18,858				29,000				24,000
Debt due in one year or less	—				—				—
Debt due after one year	—				7,724				10,313
Total	$	345,862			$	348,799			$	249,739
Average interest rate at end of period	1.08		%		1.30		%		1.00		%
Maximum outstanding at any month-end:
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	$	208,109			$	192,330			$	163,626
Federal funds purchased	5,000				22,000				20,000
Federal Home Loan Bank advances:
FHLB-overnite	25,000				30,000				30,000
Fixed term – due in one year or less	66,000				29,000				5,000
Fixed term – due after one year	74,895				101,745				60,061
Debt:
Debt due in one year or less	—				—				4,000
Debt due after one year	6,549				10,313				14,063
Junior subordinated debentures	29,126				30,221				24,000
Averages for the period (YTD):
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	$	169,437			$	140,622			$	144,674
Federal funds purchased	616				3,794				3,996
Federal Home Loan Bank advances:
FHLB-overnite	7,148				9,434				8,598
Fixed term – due in one year or less	63,151				16,510				2,356
Fixed term – due after one year	39,331				71,757				46,452
Debt:
Loans due in one year or less	—				548				658
Loans due after one year	1,825				9,555				12,632
Junior subordinated debentures	26,649				27,391				23,956
Total	$	308,157			$	279,611			$	243,322
Average interest rate during the period	1.66		%		1.52		%		1.02		%

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase increased $15.8 million during 2019 primarily due to balances acquired from SCB, and the seasonal demands in balances and change in cash flow needs of various customers. FHLB advances represent borrowings by the First Mid Bank to economically fund loan demand.

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At December 31, 2019 the advances totaling $114.0 million were as follows:

•	$4 million advance with a 3-year maturity, at 2.68%, due January 9, 2020

•	$5 million advance with a 2.5-year maturity, at 1.67%, due January 31, 2020

•	$5 million advance with a 4-year maturity, at 1.79%, due April 13, 2020

•	$10 million advance with a 1.5 year maturity at 2.95%, due May 29, 2020

•	$5 million advance with a 2-year maturity, at 2.75%, due June 26, 2020

•	$5 million advance with a 3-year maturity, at 1.75%, due July 31, 2020

•	$5 million advance with a 6-year maturity, at 2.30%, due August 24, 2020

•	$5 million advance with a 3.5-year maturity, at 1.83%, due February 1, 2021

•	$5 million advance with a 5-year maturity, at 1.85%, due April 12, 2021

•	$5 million advance with a 7-year maturity, at 2.55%, due October 1, 2021

•	$5 million advance with a 5-year maturity, at 2.71%, due March 21, 2022

•	$5 million advance with a 8-year maturity, at 2.40%, due January 9, 2023

•	$10 million advance with a 4-year maturity at 1.45%, due December 31, 2024

•	$5 million advance with a 10-year maturity at 1.14%, due October 3, 2029

•	$5 million advance with a 10-year maturity at 1.15%, due October 3, 2029

•	$5 million advance with a 10-year maturity at 1.12%, due October 3, 2029

•	$10 million advance with a 10-year maturity at 1.39%, due December 31, 2029

•	$15 million advance with a 10-year maturity at 1.41%, due December 31, 2029

The Company is party to a revolving credit agreement with The Northern Trust Company in the amount of $10 million. The balance on this line of credit was $0 as of December 31, 2019. This loan was renewed on April 12, 2019 for one year as a revolving credit agreement with a maximum available balance of $10 million. The interest rate is floating at 2.25% over the federal funds rate (3.80% and 4.65% at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively). The loan is secured by all of the stock of First Mid Bank. The Company and its subsidiary banks were in compliance with the then existing covenants at December 31, 2019 and 2018.

On February 27, 2004, the Company completed the issuance and sale of $10 million of floating rate trust preferred securities through First Mid-Illinois Statutory Trust I (“Trust I”), a statutory business trust and wholly-owned unconsolidated subsidiary of the Company, as part of a pooled offering. On October 7, 2019, these trust preferred securities were redeemed, along with $310,000 in common securities issued by Trust I and held by the Company, as a result of the concurrent redemption of 100% of he Company's junior subordinated debentures due 2034 and held by Trust I, which supported the trust preferred securities.  The redemption price for the junior subordinated debentures was equal to 100% of the principal amount plus accrued interest, if any, up to, but not including, the redemption date of October 7, 2019. The proceeds from the redemption of the junior subordinated debentures were simultaneously applied to redeem all of the outstanding common securities and the outstanding trust preferred securities at a price of 100% of the aggregate liquidation amount of the trust preferred securities plus accumulated but unpaid distributions up to but not including the redemption date. The redemption was made pursuant to the optional redemption provision of the underlying indenture.

On April 26, 2006, the Company completed the issuance and sale of $10 million of fixed/floating rate trust preferred securities through First Mid-Illinois Statutory Trust II (“Trust II”), a statutory business trust and wholly-owned unconsolidated subsidiary of the Company, as part of a pooled offering.  The Company established Trust II for the purpose of issuing the trust preferred securities. The $10 million in proceeds from the trust preferred issuance and an additional $310,000 for the Company’s investment in common equity of Trust II, a total of $10,310 000, was invested in junior subordinated debentures of the Company.  The underlying junior subordinated debentures issued by the Company to Trust II mature in 2036, bore interest at a fixed rate of 6.98% paid quarterly until June 15, 2011 and then converted to floating rate (LIBOR plus 160 basis points) after June 15, 2011 (3.49% and 4.39% at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively). The net proceeds to the Company were used for general corporate purposes, including the Company’s acquisition of Mansfield Bancorp, Inc. in 2006.

On September 8, 2016, the Company assumed the trust preferred securities of Clover Leaf Statutory Trust I (“CLST I”), a statutory business trust that was a wholly owned unconsolidated subsidiary of First Clover Financial. The $4,000,000 of trust preferred securities and an additional $124,000 additional investment in common equity of CLST I, is invested in junior subordinated debentures issued to CLST I. The subordinated debentures mature in 2025, bear interest at three-month LIBOR plus 185 basis points (3.74% and 4.64% at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively) and resets quarterly.

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On May 1, 2018, the Company assumed the trust preferred securities of FBTC Statutory Trust I (“FBTCST I”), a statutory business trust that was a wholly owned unconsolidated subsidiary of First BancTrust Corporation. The $6,000,000 of trust preferred securities and an additional $186,000 additional investment in common equity of FBTCST I is invested in junior subordinated debentures issued to FBTCST I. The subordinated debentures mature in 2035, bear interest at three-month LIBOR plus 170 basis points (3.59% and 4.49% at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively) and resets quarterly.

The trust preferred securities issued by Trust II, CLST I, and FBTCST I are included as Tier 1 capital of the Company for regulatory capital purposes.  On March 1, 2005, the Federal Reserve Board adopted a final rule that allows the continued limited inclusion of trust preferred securities in the calculation of Tier 1 capital for regulatory purposes.  The final rule provided a five-year transition period, ending September 30, 2010, for application of the revised quantitative limits. On March 17, 2009, the Federal Reserve Board adopted an additional final rule that delayed the effective date of the new limits on inclusion of trust preferred securities in the calculation of Tier 1 capital until March 31, 2012. The application of the revised quantitative limits did not and is not expected to have a significant impact on its calculation of Tier 1 capital for regulatory purposes or its classification as well-capitalized. The Dodd-Frank Act, signed into law July 21, 2010, removes trust preferred securities as a permitted component of a holding company’s Tier 1 capital after a three-year phase-in period beginning January 1, 2013 for larger holding companies. For holding companies with less than $15 billion in consolidated assets, existing issues of trust preferred securities are grandfathered and not subject to this new restriction. New issuances of trust preferred securities, however would not count as Tier 1 regulatory capital.

In addition to requirements of the Dodd-Frank Act discussed above, the act also required the federal banking agencies to adopt rules that prohibit banks and their affiliates from engaging in proprietary trading and investing in and sponsoring certain unregistered investment companies (defined as hedge funds and private equity funds). This rule is generally referred to as the “Volcker Rule.” On December 10, 2013, the federal banking agencies issued final rules to implement the prohibitions required by the Volcker Rule. Following the publication of the final rule, and in reaction to concerns in the banking industry regarding the adverse impact the final rule’s treatment of certain collateralized debt instruments has on community banks, the federal banking agencies approved a final rule to permit banking entities to retain interests in certain collateralized debt obligations backed primarily by trust preferred securities. Under the final rule, the agencies permit the retention of an interest in or sponsorship of covered funds by banking entities under $15 billion in assets if (1) the collateralized debt obligation was established and issued prior to May 19, 2010, (2) the banking entity reasonably believes that the offering proceeds received by the collateralized debt obligation were invested primarily in qualifying trust preferred collateral, and (3) the banking entity’s interests in the collateralized debt obligation was acquired on or prior to December 10, 2013. Although the Volcker Rule impacts many large banking entities, the Company does not currently anticipate that the Volcker Rule will have a material effect on the operations of the Company or First Mid Bank.

Interest Rate Sensitivity

The Company seeks to maximize its net interest margin while maintaining an acceptable level of interest rate risk.  Interest rate risk can be defined as the amount of forecasted net interest income that may be gained or lost due to changes in the interest rate environment, a variable over which management has no control. Interest rate risk, or sensitivity, arises when the maturity or repricing characteristics of interest-bearing assets differ significantly from the maturity or repricing characteristics of interest-bearing liabilities. The Company monitors its interest rate sensitivity position to maintain a balance between rate sensitive assets and rate sensitive liabilities.  This balance serves to limit the adverse effects of changes in interest rates.  The Company’s asset liability management committee (ALCO) oversees the interest rate sensitivity position and directs the overall allocation of funds.

In the banking industry, a traditional way to measure potential net interest income exposure to changes in interest rates is through a technique known as “static GAP” analysis which measures the cumulative differences between the amounts of assets and liabilities maturing or repricing at various intervals. By comparing the volumes of interest-bearing assets and liabilities that have contractual maturities and repricing points at various times in the future, management can gain insight into the amount of interest rate risk embedded in the balance sheet.

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The following table sets forth the Company’s interest rate repricing GAP for selected maturity periods at December 31, 2019 (dollars in thousands):

	Rate Sensitive Within																						Fair Value
	1 year			1-2 years			2-3 years			3-4 years			4-5 years			Thereafter			Total
Interest-earning assets:
Federal funds sold and other interest-bearing deposits	$	8,582		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	8,582			$	8,582
Certificates of deposit investments	2,665			490			1,225			245			—			—			4,625				4,625
Taxable investment securities	206,370			104,982			61,401			44,818			39,086			121,411			578,068				578,397
Nontaxable investment securities	35,808			23,846			19,844			11,302			11,732			74,990			177,522				177,223
Loans	990,514			500,370			407,344			335,238			317,256			144,625			2,695,347				2,650,784
Total	$	1,243,939		$	629,688		$	489,814		$	391,603		$	368,074		$	341,026		$	3,464,144			$	3,419,611
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Savings and NOW accounts	$	324,922		$	112,056		$	112,056		$	112,056		$	112,056		$	506,588		$	1,279,734			$	1,279,734
Money market accounts	281,862			18,636			18,636			18,636			18,636			63,395			419,801				419,801
Other time deposits	406,854			114,699			33,460			16,207			13,196			84			584,500				591,278
Short-term borrowings/debt	213,109			—			—			—			—			—			213,109				213,016
Long-term borrowings/debt	57,753			15,000			5,000			5,000			10,000			40,000			132,753				130,106
Total	$	1,284,500		$	260,391		$	169,152		$	151,899		$	153,888		$	610,067		$	2,629,897			$	2,633,935
Rate sensitive assets – rate sensitive liabilities	$	(40,561	)	$	369,297		$	320,662		$	239,704		$	214,186		$	(269,041	)	$	834,247
Cumulative GAP	$	(40,561	)	$	328,736		$	649,398		$	889,102		$	1,103,288		$	834,247
Cumulative amounts as % of total Rate sensitive assets	-1.2		%	10.7		%	9.3		%	6.9		%	6.2		%	-7.8		%
Cumulative Ratio	-1.2		%	9.5		%	18.7		%	25.7		%	31.8		%	24.1		%

The static GAP analysis shows that at December 31, 2019, the Company was liability sensitive, on a cumulative basis, through the twelve-month time horizon. This indicates that future increases in interest rates could have an adverse effect on net interest income. There are several ways the Company measures and manages the exposure to interest rate sensitivity, including static GAP analysis.  The Company’s ALCO also uses other financial models to project interest income under various rate scenarios and prepayment/extension assumptions consistent with First Mid Bank’s historical experience and with known industry trends.  ALCO meets at least monthly to review the Company’s exposure to interest rate changes as indicated by the various techniques and to make necessary changes in the composition terms and/or rates of the assets and liabilities. 

Capital Resources

At December 31, 2019, the Company’s stockholders' equity had increased $50.7 million, or 10.7%, to $526,609,000 from $475,864,000 as of December 31, 2018. During 2019, net income contributed $47,943,000 to equity before the payment of dividends to stockholders of $12.7 million. The change in market value of available-for-sale investment securities increased stockholders' equity by $14.8 million, net of tax. In 2018, shares issued in the capital raise increased stockholders' equity by $34 million and shares issued in acquisitions added $109.3 to stockholders' equity.

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Stock Plans

Deferred Compensation Plan. The Company follows the provisions of the Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 97-14, “Accounting for Deferred Compensation Arrangements Where Amounts Earned Are Held in a Rabbi Trust and Invested” (“EITF 97-14”), which was codified into ASC 710-10, for purposes of the First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan (“DCP”).  At December 31, 2019, the Company classified the cost basis of its common stock issued and held in trust in connection with the DCP of approximately $3,881,000 as treasury stock.  The Company also classified the cost basis of its related deferred compensation obligation of approximately $3,881,000 as an equity instrument (deferred compensation).

The DCP was effective as of June 1984. The purpose of the DCP is to enable directors, advisory directors, and key employees the opportunity to defer a portion of the fees and cash compensation paid by the Company as a means of maximizing the effectiveness and flexibility of compensation arrangements.  The Company invests all participants’ deferrals in shares of common stock. Dividends paid on the shares are credited to participants’ DCP accounts and invested in additional shares. The Company issued, pursuant to DCP:

•	11,072 common shares during 2019

•	9,043 common shares during 2018, and

•	6,875 common shares during 2017

First Retirement and Savings Plan. The FIrst Retirement Savings Plan ("401(k) plan") was effective beginning in 1985. Employees are eligible to participate in the 401(k) plan after three months of service wtht the Company. The Company offers common stock as an investment option for participants of the 401(k) plan. Beginning in 2016, shares for the 401(k) plan were purchased in the open market instead of being issued by the Company.

Dividend Reinvestment Plan. The Dividend Reinvestment Plan (“DRIP”) was effective as of October 1994. The purpose of the DRIP is to provide participating stockholders with a simple and convenient method of investing cash dividends paid by the Company on its common and preferred shares into newly issued common shares of the Company.  All holders of record of the Company’s common or preferred stock are eligible to voluntarily participate in the DRIP.  The DRIP is administered by Computershare Investor Services, LLC and offers a way to increase one’s investment in the Company.  Of the $12,668,000 in common stock dividends paid during 2019, $805,000 or 6.4% was reinvested into shares of common stock of the Company through the DRIP. Events that resulted in common shares being reinvested in the DRIP:

•	During 2019, 22,949 common shares were issued from common stock dividends.

•	During 2018, 30,655 common shares were issued from common stock dividends.

•	During 2017, 30,059 common shares were issued from common stock dividends and 0 common shares were issued from preferred stock dividends.

Stock Incentive Plan. At the Annual Meeting of Stockholders held April 26, 2017, the stockholders approved the 2017 Stock Incentive Plan ("SI Plan"). The SI Plan was implemented to succeed the Company’s 2007 Stock Incentive Plan, which had a ten-year term. The SI Plan is intended to provide a means whereby directors, employees, consultants and advisors of the Company and its Subsidiaries may sustain a sense of proprietorship and personal involvement in the continued development and financial success of the Company and its Subsidiaries, thereby advancing the interests of the Company and its stockholders. Accordingly, directors and selected employees, consultants and advisors may be provided the opportunity to acquire shares of Common Stock of the Company on the terms and conditions established in the SI Plan.

A maximum of 149,983 shares of common stock may be issued under the SI Plan.  During 2019, 2018, and 2017 (under the 2007 Stock Incentive Plan), the Company awarded 26,700 and 28,700, and 18,391 shares as stock and stock unit awards, respectively. This SI Plan is more fully described in Note 13 - Stock Incentive Plan.

Stock Repurchase Program. Since August 5, 1998, the Board of Directors has approved repurchase programs pursuant to which the Company may repurchase a total of approximately $76.7 million of the Company’s common stock.  

During 2019, the Company repurchased 40,026 shares (0.24% of common shares) at a total price of approximately $1,293,000.  Of these shares, 4,599 shares were a result of shares withheld for taxes on vested employee stock incentives. During 2018, the Company repurchased 3,900 (0.02% of common shares) at a total price of approximately $138,000. As of December 31, 2019, approximately $4.9 million remains available for purchase under the repurchase programs.  Treasury stock is further affected by activity in the DCP.

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Capital Ratios

For 2019, the minimum regulatory ratios required for minimum capital adequacy purposes plus the capital buffer are 10.50% for the Total Risk-based capital ratio, 8.50% for the Tier 1 Risk-based capital ratio, 7.0% for the Common Equity Tier 1 capital ratio, and 4% for the Tier 1 Leverage ratio. The Company and First Mid Bank have capital ratios above the minimum regulatory capital requirements and, as of December 31, 2019, the Company and First Mid Bank had capital ratios above the levels required for categorization as well-capitalized under the capital adequacy guidelines established by the bank regulatory agencies. A tabulation of the Company and First Mid Bank's capital ratios as of December 31, 2019 follows:

		Total Risk-based Capital Ratio			Tier One Risk-based Capital Ratio			Common Equity Tier 1 Capital Ratio			Tier One Leverage Ratio (Capital to Average Assets)
First Mid Bancshares, Inc. (Consolidated)		15.74	%		14.79	%		14.12	%		11.20	%
First Mid Bank		14.65	%		13.69	%		13.69	%		10.37	%

Liquidity

Liquidity represents the ability of the Company and its subsidiaries to meet all present and future financial obligations arising in the daily operations of the business.  Financial obligations consist of the need for funds to meet extensions of credit, deposit withdrawals and debt servicing.  The Company’s liquidity management focuses on the ability to obtain funds economically through assets that may be converted into cash at minimal costs or through other sources. The Company’s other sources of cash include overnight federal fund lines, Federal Home Loan Bank advances, the ability to borrow at the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, and the Company’s operating line of credit with The Northern Trust Company.  Details for these sources include:

•

First Mid Bank has $100 million available in overnight federal fund lines, including $30 million from First Horizon Bank, $20 million from U.S. Bank, N.A., $10 million from Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., $15 million from The Northern Trust Company and $25 million from Zions Bank.  Availability of the funds is subject to First Mid Bank meeting minimum regulatory capital requirements for total capital to risk-weighted assets and Tier 1 capital to total average assets.  As of December 31, 2019, First Mid Bank met these regulatory requirements.

•

First Mid Bank can borrow from the Federal Home Loan Bank as a source of liquidity.  Availability of the funds is subject to the pledging of collateral to the Federal Home Loan Bank.  Collateral that can be pledged includes one-to-four family residential real estate loans and securities.  At December 31, 2019, the excess collateral at the FHLB would support approximately $535.5 million of additional advances for First Mid Bank.

•	First Mid Bank is a member of the Federal Reserve System and can borrow funds provided that sufficient collateral is pledged.

•

In addition, as of December 31, 2019, the Company had a revolving credit agreement in the amount of $10 million with The Northern Trust Company with an outstanding balance of $0 million and $10 million in available funds.  This loan was renewed on April 12, 2019 for one year as a revolving credit agreement. The interest rate is floating at 2.25% over the federal funds rate. The loan is secured by all of the stock of First Mid Bank, and includes requirements for operating and capital ratios. The Company and its subsidiary banks were in compliance with the existing covenants at December 31, 2019 and 2018.

Management continues to monitor its expected liquidity requirements carefully, focusing primarily on cash flows from:

•	lending activities, including loan commitments, letters of credit and mortgage prepayment assumptions;

•	deposit activities, including seasonal demand of private and public funds;

•	investing activities, including prepayments of mortgage-backed securities and call provisions on U.S. Treasury and government agency securities; and

•	operating activities, including scheduled debt repayments and dividends to stockholders.

The following table summarizes significant contractual obligations and other commitments at December 31, 2019 (in thousands):

	Total				Less than 1 year				1-3 years				3-5 years				More than 5 years
Time deposits	$	584,500			$	406,854			$	148,159			$	29,403			$	84
Debt	18,858				—				—				—				18,858
Other borrowings	322,109				247,109				20,000				15,000				40,000
Operating leases	19,849				2,626				4,497				3,366				9,360
Supplemental retirement	465				50				100				100				215
	$	945,781			$	656,639			$	172,756			$	47,869			$	68,517

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For the year ended December 31, 2019, net cash of $62.8 million was provided from operating activities, $32.0 million was used in investing activities, and $87.1 million was used in financing activities. In total cash and cash equivalents decreased by $56.3 million from year-end 2018.

For the year ended December 31, 2018, net cash of $42.2 million was provided from operating activities, $21.3 million was provided from financing activities, and $11.0 million was used in investing activities. In total cash and cash equivalents increased by $52.5 million from year-end 2017.

For the year ended December 31, 2017, net cash of $46.2 million was provided from operating activities, $56.0 million was used in investing activities, and $77.2 million was used in financing activities. In total cash and cash equivalents decreased by $87.0 million from year-end 2016.

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company also had $10 million of floating rate trust preferred securities outstanding through Trust II, and in September 2016, the Company acquired $4 million of floating rate trust preferred securities from First Clover Leaf under Clover Leaf Statutory Trust I and on May 1, 2018, the Company acquired $6.1 million of floating rate trust preferred securities from First BancTrust Corporation.  See Note 9 – “Borrowings” for a more detailed description.

Effects of Inflation

Unlike industrial companies, virtually all of the assets and liabilities of the Company are monetary in nature.  As a result, interest rates have a more significant impact on the Company’s performance than the effects of general levels of inflation.  Interest rates do not necessarily move in the same direction or experience the same magnitude of changes as goods and services, since such prices are affected by inflation.  In the current economic environment, liquidity and interest rate adjustments are features of the Company’s assets and liabilities that are important to the maintenance of acceptable performance levels.  The Company attempts to maintain a balance between monetary assets and monetary liabilities, over time, to offset these potential effects.

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ITEM 7A.	QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The Company’s market risk arises primarily from interest rate risk inherent in its lending, investing and deposit taking activities, which are restricted to First Mid Bank.  For a discussion of how management of the Company addresses and evaluates interest rate risk see also “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Interest Rate Sensitivity.”

Based on the financial analysis performed as of December 31, 2019, which takes into account how the specific interest rate scenario would be expected to impact each interest-earning asset and each interest-bearing liability, the Company estimates that changes in the prime interest rate would impact First Mid Bank's performance, on a consolidated basis, as follows:

		Increase (Decrease) In
December 31, 2019		Net Interest Income							Return On Average Equity
Prime rate is 4.75%		($000)				(%)			2019=9.49%
Prime rate increase of:
200 basis points to 6.75%		$	143			0.1	%		0.03	%
100 basis points to 5.75%		300				0.3	%		0.05	%
Prime rate decrease of:
100 basis points to 3.75%		(2,353		)		(2.3	)%		(0.42	)%
200 basis points to 2.75%		(6,844		)		(6.8	)%		(1.24	)%

The following table shows the same analysis for First Mid Bank performance as of December 31, 2018:

		Increase (Decrease) In
December 31, 2018		Net Interest Income							Return On Average Equity
Prime rate is 5.50%		($000)				(%)			2018=9.59%
Prime rate increase of:
200 basis points to 7.50%		$	(4,007	)		(3.9	)%		(0.96	)%
100 basis points to 6.50%		(1,850		)		(1.8	)%		(0.44	)%
Prime rate decrease of:
100 basis points to 4.50%		(4,285		)		(4.2	)%		(1.03	)%
200 basis points to 3.50%		(11,285		)		(11.1	)%		(2.75	)%

The Company's Board of Directors has adopted an interest rate risk policy that establishes maximum decreases in the percentage change in net interest income of 5% in a 100 basis point rate shift and 10% in a 200 basis point rate shift. No assurance can be given that the actual net interest income would increase or decrease by such amounts in response to a 100 or 200 basis point increase or decrease in the prime rate because it is also affected by many other factors. The results above are based on one-time “shock” moves and ramped rate increases and do not take into account any management response or mitigating action.

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Interest rate sensitivity analysis is also used to measure the Company’s interest risk by computing estimated changes in the Economic Value of Equity (“EVE”) of the First Mid Bank under various interest rate shocks.  EVE is determined by calculating the net present value of each asset and liability category by rate shock.  The net differential between assets and liabilities is the EVE.  EVE is an expression of the long-term interest rate risk in the balance sheet as a whole.

The following table presents the Company's projected change in EVE, on a consolidated basis, for the various rate shock levels at December 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands). All market risk sensitive instruments presented in the tables are held-to-maturity or available-for-sale.  The Bank has no trading securities.

		Changes In
				Economic Value of Equity
		Interest Rates (basis points)		Amount of Change ($000)				Percent of Change
December 31, 2019		+200 bp		$	23,610			4.0	%
		+100 bp		18,564				3.2	%
		-200 bp		(104,270		)		(17.8	)%
		-100 bp		(32,286		)		(5.5	)%

December 31, 2018		+200 bp		$	(36,159	)		(5.6	)%
		+100 bp		(16,479		)		(2.5	)%
		-200 bp		(63,947		)		(9.9	)%
		-100 bp		(19,944		)		(3.1	)%

 

 

As indicated above, at December 31, 2019, in the event of a sudden and sustained increase in prevailing market interest rates, the EVE would be expected to increase if rates increased 100 or 200 basis points. In the event of a sudden and sustained decrease in prevailing market interest rates, The Company's EVE would be expected to decrease.  At December 31, 2019, the estimated changes in EVE were within the Company’s policy guidelines that normally allow for a change in capital of +/-10% from the base case scenario under a 100 basis point shock and +/- 20% from the base case scenario under a 200 basis point shock. The general level of interest rates are at historically low levels and the bank is monitoring its position and the likelihood of further rate decreases.

Computation of prospective effects of hypothetical interest rate changes are based on numerous assumptions, including relative levels of market interest rates, loan prepayments and declines in deposit balances, and should not be relied upon as indicative of actual results.  Further, the computations do not contemplate any actions the Company may undertake in response to changes in interest rates.

Certain shortcomings are inherent in the method of analysis presented in the computation of EVE.  Actual values may differ from those projections set forth in the table, should market conditions vary from assumptions used in the preparation of the table.  Certain assets, such as adjustable-rate loans, have features that restrict changes in interest rates on a short-term basis and over the life of the asset.  In addition, the proportion of adjustable-rate loans in First MId Bank's portfolio change in future periods as market rates change.  Further, in the event of a change in interest rates, prepayment and early withdrawal levels would likely deviate significantly from those assumed in the table.  Finally, the ability of many borrowers to repay their adjustable-rate debt may decrease in the event of an interest rate increase.

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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

Consolidated Balance Sheets
December 31, 2019 and 2018
(In thousands, except share data)		2019				2018
Assets
Cash and due from banks:
Non-interest bearing		$	76,498			$	63,593
Interest bearing		7,656				77,142
Federal funds sold		926				665
Cash and cash equivalents		85,080				141,400
Certificates of deposit investments		4,625				7,569
Investment securities:
Available-for-sale, at fair value		686,048				692,274
Held-to-maturity, at amortized cost (estimated fair value of $69,572 and $67,909 at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively)		69,542				69,436
Loans held for sale		1,820				1,508
Loans		2,693,527				2,643,011
Less allowance for loan losses		(26,911		)		(26,189		)
Net loans		2,666,616				2,616,822
Interest receivable		15,577				16,881
Other real estate owned		3,644				2,534
Premises and equipment, net		59,491				59,117
Goodwill, net		104,992				105,277
Intangible assets, net		28,265				33,820
Bank owned life insurance		67,225				65,484
Right of use asset		17,006				—
Other assets		29,495				27,612
Total assets		$	3,839,426			$	3,839,734
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Deposits:
Non-interest bearing		$	633,331			$	575,784
Interest bearing		2,284,035				2,412,902
Total deposits		2,917,366				2,988,686
Repurchase agreements with customers		208,109				192,330
Interest payable		2,261				1,758
FHLB borrowings		113,895				119,745
Other borrowings		5,000				7,724
Junior subordinated debentures		18,858				29,000
Lease liability		17,007				—
Other liabilities		30,321				24,627
Total liabilities		3,312,817				3,363,870
Stockholders’ Equity:
Common stock, $4 par value; authorized 30,000,000 shares; issued 17,287,882 shares in 2019 and 17,219,012 shares in 2018		71,152				70,876
Additional paid-in capital		295,925				293,937
Retained earnings		166,667				131,392
Deferred compensation		2,760				2,761
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		8,360				(6,473		)
Less treasury stock at cost, 614,403 shares in 2019 and 574,377 shares in 2018		(18,255		)		(16,629		)
Total stockholders’ equity		526,609				475,864
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity		$	3,839,426			$	3,839,734

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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Consolidated Statements of Income
For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017
(In thousands, except per share data)	2019				2018				2017
Interest income:
Interest and fees on loans	$	126,825			$	105,772			$	82,670
Interest on investment securities
Taxable	15,662				13,070				11,708
Exempt from federal income tax	5,381				5,167				4,774
Interest on certificates of deposit investments	137				66				50
Interest on federal funds sold	14				8				62
Interest on deposits with other financial institutions	1,702				482				291
Total interest income	149,721				124,565				99,555
Interest expense:
Interest on deposits	18,939				8,571				3,995
Interest on securities sold under agreements to repurchase	911				330				181
Interest on FHLB borrowings	2,706				2,071				883
Interest on other borrowings	15				446				496
Interest on subordinated debentures	1,476				1,409				927
Total interest expense	24,047				12,827				6,482
Net interest income	125,674				111,738				93,073
Provision for loan losses	6,433				8,667				7,462
Net interest income after provision for loan losses	119,241				103,071				85,611
Other income:
Wealth management revenues	15,570				8,460				5,905
Insurance commissions	16,029				5,592				3,872
Service charges	7,837				7,435				6,920
Securities gains, net	802				901				616
Mortgage banking revenue, net	1,746				1,205				1,184
ATM / debit card revenue	8,491				7,487				6,495
Bank owned life insurance	1,755				1,389				1,638
Other income	3,787				2,945				3,706
Total other income	56,017				35,414				30,336
Other expense:
Salaries and employee benefits	62,578				46,803				39,756
Net occupancy and equipment expense	17,680				14,533				12,596
Net other real estate owned expense	443				282				560
FDIC insurance expense	219				1,059				905
Amortization of intangible assets	5,848				3,215				2,153
Stationery and supplies	1,104				963				724
Legal and professional	5,164				5,243				3,887
Marketing and donations	2,031				1,794				1,356
ATM / debit card expense	3,488				2,971				2,393
Other expense	13,437				13,117				9,891
Total other expense	111,992				89,980				74,221
Income before income taxes	63,266				48,505				41,726
Income taxes	15,323				11,905				15,042
Net income	$	47,943			$	36,600			$	26,684
Per share data:
Basic net income per common share	$	2.88			$	2.53			$	2.13
Diluted net income per common share	2.87				2.52				2.13
Cash dividends declared per common share	0.76				0.70				0.66

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

45

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Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017
(in thousands)		2019				2018				2017
Net income		$	47,943			$	36,600			$	26,684
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities, net of taxes of $(6,258), $1,475, and $(2,855) for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively		15,319				(3,611		)		3,845
Unamortized holding losses on held to maturity securities transferred from available for sale, net of taxes of $(34), $(33), and $(32) for December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively		83				82				80
Less: reclassification adjustment for realized gains included in net income net of taxes of $233, $261, and $216 for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively		(569		)		(640		)		(400		)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes		14,833				(4,169		)		3,525
Comprehensive income		$	62,776			$	32,431			$	30,209

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

46

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Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity
For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
	Common Stock			Additional Paid-In-Capital			Retained Earnings			Deferred Compensation			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Treasury Stock			Total
December 31, 2018	$	70,876		$	293,937		$	131,392		$	2,761		$	(6,473	)	$	(16,629	)	$	475,864
Net income	—			—			47,943			—			—			—			47,943
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	—			—			—			—			14,833			—			14,833
Dividends on common stock ($.76 per share)	—			—			(12,668		)	—			—			—			(12,668		)
Issuance of 22,949 common shares pursuant to the Dividend Reinvestment Plan	92			713			—			—			—			—			805
Issuance of 11,072 common shares pursuant to the Deferred Compensation Plan	44			329			—			—			—			—			373
Issuance of 25,950 restricted common shares pursuant to the 2017 Stock Incentive Plan	104			760			—			—			—			—			864
Issuance of 8,899 common shares pursuant to Employee Stock Purchase Plan	36			246			—			—			—			—			282
Purchase of 40,026 treasury shares	—			—			—			—			—			(1,293		)	(1,293		)
Deferred compensation	—			—			—			333			—			(333		)	—
Tax benefit related to deferred compensation distributions	—			56			—			—			—			—			56
Grant of restricted stock units pursuant to the 2017 Stock Incentive Plan	—			515			—			—			—			—			515
Vested restricted shares/units compensation expense	—			(631		)	—			(334		)	—			—			(965		)
December 31, 2019	$	71,152		$	295,925		$	166,667		$	2,760		$	8,360		$	(18,255	)	$	526,609

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

47

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Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity
For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
	Common Stock			Additional Paid-In-Capital			Retained Earnings			Deferred Compensation			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Treasury Stock			Total
December 31, 2017	$	54,925		$	163,603		$	104,683		$	3,540		$	(2,304	)	$	(16,483	)	$	307,964
Net income	—			—			36,600			—			—			—			36,600
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—			—			—			—			(4,169		)	—			(4,169		)
Dividends on common stock ($.70 per share)	—			—			(9,891		)	—			—			—			(9,891		)
Issuance of 1,643,900 common shares pursuant to acquisition of First Banctrust Corporation, net proceeds	6,576			54,646			—			—			—			—			61,222
Issuance of 1,330,571 common shares pursuant to acquisition of SCB Bancorp, net proceeds	5,322			42,770			—			—			—			—			48,092
Issuance of 947,368 common shares pursuant to capital raise	3,789			30,197			—			—			—			—			33,986
Issuance of 30,655 common shares pursuant to the Dividend Reinvestment Plan	123			976			—			—			—			—			1,099
Issuance of 9,043 common shares pursuant to the Deferred Compensation Plan	36			309			—			—			—			—			345
Issuance of 13,250 restricted common shares pursuant to the 2017 Stock Incentive Plan	53			463			—			—			—			—			516
Purchase of 3,900 treasury shares	—			—			—			—			—			(138		)	(138		)
Deferred compensation	—			—			—			8			—			(8		)	—
Tax benefit related to deferred compensation distributions	—			160			—			—			—			—			160
Grant of restricted stock units pursuant to the 2017 Stock Incentive Plan	—			566			—			—			—			—			566
Issuance of 10,500 common shares pursuant to the exercise of stock options	52			247			—			—			—			—			299
Vested restricted shares/units compensation expense	—			—			—			(787		)	—			—			(787		)
December 31, 2018	$	70,876		$	293,937		$	131,392		$	2,761		$	(6,473	)	$	(16,629	)	$	475,864

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity
For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
	Common Stock			Additional Paid-In-Capital			Retained Earnings			Deferred Compensation			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Treasury Stock			Total
December 31, 2016	$	54,083		$	158,671		$	86,216		$	3,201		$	(5,761	)	$	(15,737	)	$	280,673
Net income	—			—			26,684			—			—			—			26,684
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	—			—			—			—			3,525			—			3,525
Reclass of stranded AOCI due to tax reform	—			—			68			—			(68		)	—			—
Dividends on common stock ($.66 per share)	—			—			(8,285		)	—			—			—			(8,285		)
Issuance of 30,059 common shares pursuant to the Dividend Reinvestment Plan	120			937			—			—			—			—			1,057
Issuance of 6,875 common shares pursuant to the Deferred Compensation Plan	28			204			—			—			—			—			232
Issuance of 27,500 common shares pursuant to the exercise of stock options	110			589			—			—			—			—			699
Issuance of 47,339 restricted common shares pursuant to the 2007 and 2017 Stock Incentive Plan	189			1,615			—			—			—			—			1,804
Issuance of 98,710 common shares pursuant to At-The-Market program, less issuance costs	395			2,856			—			—			—			—			3,251
Purchase of 20,734 treasury shares	—			—			—			—			—			(797		)	(797		)
Deferred compensation	—			—			—			(51		)	—			51			—
Tax benefit related to deferred compensation distributions	—			216			—			—			—			—			216
Grant of restricted stock units pursuant to the 2017 Stock Incentive Plan	—			359			—			—			—			—			359
Release of restricted stock units pursuant to 2017 SIP	—			(1,849		)	—			—			—			—			(1,849		)
Disqualified disposition of incentive stock option	—			5			—			—			—			—			5
Vested restricted shares/units compensation expense	—			—			—			390			—			—			390
December 31, 2017	$	54,925		$	163,603		$	104,683		$	3,540		$	(2,304	)	$	(16,483	)	$	307,964

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017
(In thousands)	2019				2018				2017
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	47,943			$	36,600			$	26,684
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for loan losses	6,433				8,667				7,462
Depreciation, amortization and accretion, net	10,842				7,881				8,134
Change in cash surrender value of bank owned life insurance	(1,755		)		(1,337		)		(1,126		)
Gain on bank owned life insurance	—				—				(511		)
Stock-based compensation expense	453				294				954
Operating Lease Payments	(2,680		)		—				—
Gains on investment securities, net	(802		)		(901		)		(616		)
Losses on sales of other real property owned, net	4				132				667
Loss on write down of premises and equipment	90				30				11
Loss on loans sold	—				—				698
Gains on sale of loans held for sale, net	(1,504		)		(1,070		)		(1,102		)
Deferred income taxes	1,885				4,283				2,498
Decrease (increase) in accrued interest receivable	1,304				(1,708		)		(279		)
Increase in accrued interest payable	821				829				94
Origination of loans held for sale	(101,714		)		(62,623		)		(67,321		)
Proceeds from sale of loans held for sale	102,906				63,210				68,573
(Increase) decrease in other assets	(4,680		)		(4,266		)		668
Increase (decrease) in other liabilities	3,282				(7,846		)		666
Net cash provided by operating activities	62,828				42,175				46,154
Cash flows from investing activities:
Proceeds from maturities of certificates of deposit investments	2,944				1,486				12,958
Proceeds from sales of securities available-for-sale	60,900				13,152				159,663
Proceeds from maturities of securities available-for-sale	154,167				55,035				73,310
Purchases of securities available-for-sale	(188,608		)		(38,852		)		(183,319		)
Net increase in loans	(59,797		)		(96,665		)		(123,931		)
Purchases of premises and equipment	(4,103		)		(3,112		)		(1,274		)
Proceeds from sales of other real property owned	2,425				1,606				5,559
Proceeds from settlement of bank owned life insurance policies	—				—				1,072
Cash received related to acquisition, net of cash and cash equivalents acquired	—				56,389				—
Net cash used in investing activities	(32,072		)		(10,961		)		(55,962		)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net decrease in deposits	(71,320		)		(19,548		)		(55,248		)
Increase in Federal funds purchased	5,000				—				—
Increase (decrease) in repurchase agreements	15,779				15,762				(30,375		)
Proceeds from FHLB advances	50,000				45,000				52,000
Repayment of FHLB advances	(56,000		)		(35,000		)		(32,000		)
Repayment of short-term debt	—				—				(4,000		)
Repayment of long-term debt	(7,724		)		(10,313		)		(3,750		)
Repayment of junior subordinated debentures	(10,310		)		—				—
Proceeds from issuance of common stock	655				36,645				4,399
Direct expenses related to capital transactions	—				(2,309		)		(216		)
Purchase of treasury stock	(1,293		)		(138		)		(797		)
Dividends paid on common stock	(11,863		)		(8,792		)		(7,228		)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	(87,076		)		21,307				(77,215		)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	(56,320		)		52,521				(87,023		)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	141,400				88,879				175,902
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	85,080			$	141,400			$	88,879

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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (continued)
For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017
(In thousands)	2019				2018				2017
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest	$	23,544			$	11,671			$	6,415
Income taxes	15,556				9,645				11,721
Supplemental disclosures of noncash investing and financing activities
Loans transferred to other real estate owned	3,570				518				6,034
Dividends reinvested in common stock	805				1,099				1,057
Initial recognition of right-of-use assets	14,116				—				—
Initial recognition of lease liabilities	14,116				—				—
Net tax benefit related to option and deferred compensation plans	56				160				221
Supplemental disclosure of purchase of capital stock:					First Bank
Fair value of assets acquired					$	501,285
Consideration paid:
Cash paid					10,275
Common stock issued					61,350
Total consideration paid					71,625
Fair value of liabilities assumed					$	429,660
Supplemental disclosure of purchase of capital stock:					Soy Capital
Fair value of assets acquired					$	479,056
Consideration paid:
Cash paid					19,046
Common stock issued					48,260
Total consideration paid					67,306
Fair value of liabilities assumed					$	411,750

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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First Mid Bancshares, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 1 -- Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Accounting and Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of First Mid Bancshares, Inc. (“Company”) and its wholly-owned subsidiaries:  First Mid Bank & Trust, N.A. (“First Mid Bank”), Mid-Illinois Data Services, Inc. (“MIDS”), First Mid Wealth Management Company, First Mid Insurance Group, Inc. (“First Mid Insurance”) and First Mid Captive, Inc.  All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.   Certain amounts in the prior year’s consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the 2019 presentation and there was no impact on net income or stockholders’ equity from these reclassifications.  The Company operates as a single segment entity for financial reporting purposes. The accounting and reporting policies of the Company conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Following is a description of the more significant of these policies.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes.  The Company uses estimates and employs the judgments of management in determining the amount of its allowance for loan losses and income tax accruals and deferrals, in its fair value measurements of investment securities, and in the evaluation of impairment of loans, goodwill, investment securities, and premises and equipment. As with any estimate, actual results could differ from these estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change relate to the determination of the allowance for loan losses.  In connection with the determination of the allowance for loan losses, management obtains independent appraisals for significant properties.

Fair Value Measurements

The fair value of a financial instrument is defined as the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or liquidation sale. The Company estimates the fair value of a financial instrument using a variety of valuation methods. Where financial instruments are actively traded and have quoted market prices, quoted market prices are used for fair value. When the financial instruments are not actively traded, other observable market inputs, such as quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics, may be used, if available, to determine fair value. When observable market prices do not exist, the Company estimates fair value. The Company’s valuation methods consider factors such as liquidity and concentration concerns. Other factors such as model assumptions, market dislocations, and unexpected correlations can affect estimates of fair value. Imprecision in estimating these factors can impact the amount of revenue or loss recorded.

At the end of each quarter, the Company assesses the valuation hierarchy for each asset or liability measured. From time to time, assets or liabilities may be transferred within hierarchy levels due to changes in availability of observable market inputs to measure fair value at the measurement date. Transfers into or out of hierarchy levels are based upon the fair value at the beginning of the reporting period. A more detailed description of the fair values measured at each level of the fair value hierarchy can be found in Note 11 – “Disclosures of Fair Values of Financial Instruments.”

Cash and Cash Equivalents

For purposes of reporting cash flows, cash equivalents include non-interest bearing and interest bearing cash and due from banks and federal funds sold. Generally, federal funds are sold for one-day periods.

Certificates of Deposit Investments

Certificates of deposit investments have original maturities of three to five years and are carried at cost.

Investment Securities

The Company classifies its investments in debt securities as either held-to-maturity or available-for-sale in accordance with ASC 320. Securities classified as held-to-maturity are recorded at cost or amortized cost. Available-for-sale securities are carried at fair value. Fair value calculations are based on quoted market prices when such prices are available. If quoted market prices are not available, estimates of fair value are computed using a variety of techniques, including extrapolation from the quoted prices of similar instruments or recent trades for thinly traded securities, fundamental analysis, or through obtaining purchase quotes. Due to the subjective nature of the valuation process, it is possible that the actual fair values of these investments could differ from the estimated amounts, thereby affecting the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company. If the estimated value of investments is less than the cost or amortized cost, the Company evaluates whether an event or change in circumstances has occurred that may have a significant adverse effect on the fair value of the investment. If such an event or change has occurred and the Company determines that the impairment is other-than-temporary, a further determination is made as to the portion of impairment that is related to credit loss. The impairment of the investment that is related to the credit loss is expensed in the period in which the event or change occurred. The remainder of the impairment is recorded in other comprehensive income.

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Loans

Loans are stated at the principal amount outstanding net of unearned discounts, unearned income and the allowance for loan losses.  Unearned income includes deferred loan origination fees reduced by loan origination costs and is amortized to interest income over the life of the related loan using methods that approximate the effective interest rate method. Interest on substantially all loans is credited to income based on the principal amount outstanding.

The Company’s policy is to discontinue the accrual of interest income on any loan that becomes ninety days past due as to principal or interest or earlier when, in the opinion of management there is reasonable doubt as to the timely collection of principal or interest. Nonaccrual loans are returned to accrual status when, in the opinion of management, the financial position of the borrower indicates there is no longer any reasonable doubt as to the timely collectability of interest or principal.

Loans expected to be sold are classified as held for sale in the consolidated financial statements and are recorded at the lower of aggregate cost or fair value, taking into consideration future commitments to sell the loans.

Allowance for Loan Losses

The Company believes the allowance for loan losses is the critical accounting policy that requires the most significant judgments and assumptions used in the preparation of its consolidated financial statements. An estimate of potential losses inherent in the loan portfolio is determined and an allowance for those losses is established by considering factors including historical loss rates, expected cash flows and estimated collateral values. In assessing these factors, the Company uses organizational history and experience with credit decisions and related outcomes. The allowance for loan losses represents the best estimate of losses inherent in the existing loan portfolio. The allowance for loan losses is increased by the provision for loan losses charged to expense and reduced by loans charged off, net of recoveries. The Company evaluates the allowance for loan losses quarterly. If the underlying assumptions later prove to be inaccurate based on subsequent loss evaluations, the allowance for loan losses is adjusted.

The Company estimates the appropriate level of allowance for loan losses by separately evaluating impaired and nonimpaired loans. A specific allowance is assigned to an impaired loan when expected cash flows or collateral do not justify the carrying amount of the loan. The methodology used to assign an allowance to a nonimpaired loan is more subjective. Generally, the allowance assigned to nonimpaired loans is determined by applying historical loss rates to existing loans with similar risk characteristics, adjusted for qualitative factors including the volume and severity of identified classified loans, changes in economic conditions, changes in credit policies or underwriting standards, and changes in the level of credit risk associated with specific industries and markets. Because the economic and business climate in any given industry or market, and its impact on any given borrower, can change rapidly, the risk profile of the loan portfolio is continually assessed and adjusted when appropriate. Notwithstanding these procedures, there still exists the possibility that the assessment could prove to be significantly incorrect and that an immediate adjustment to the allowance for loan losses would be required.

The Company has loans acquired from business combinations with uncollected principal balances. These loans are carried net of a fair value adjustment for credit risk and interest rates and are only included in the allowance calculation to the extent that the reserve requirement exceeds the fair value adjustment. However, as the acquired loans renew, it is necessary to establish an allowance which represents an amount that, in management's opinion, will be adequate to absorb probable credit losses inherent in such loans.

Premises and Equipment

Premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization is charged to expense and determined principally by the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The estimated useful lives for each major depreciable classification of premises and equipment are as follows:

Buildings and improvements        20 years to 40 years

Leasehold improvements        5 years to 15 years

Furniture and equipment        3 years to 7 years

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The Company has goodwill from business combinations, identifiable intangible assets assigned to core deposit relationships and customer lists acquired, and intangible assets arising from the rights to service mortgage loans for others.

Identifiable intangible assets generally arise from branches acquired that the Company accounted for as purchases.  Such assets consist of the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired, with specific amounts assigned to core deposit relationships and customer lists primarily related to insurance agency.  Intangible assets are amortized by the straight-line method over various periods up to fifteen years.  Management reviews intangible assets for possible impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable.

In accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” codified into ASC 350, the Company performed testing of goodwill for impairment as of September 30, 2019 and determined that, as of that date, goodwill was not impaired.  Management also concluded that the remaining amounts and amortization periods were appropriate for all intangible assets.

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Other Real Estate Owned

Other real estate owned acquired through loan foreclosure is initially recorded at fair value less costs to sell when acquired, establishing a new cost basis. The adjustment at the time of foreclosure is recorded through the allowance for loan losses. Due to the subjective nature of establishing the fair value when the asset is acquired, the actual fair value of the other real estate owned or foreclosed asset could differ from the original estimate. If it is determined that fair value temporarily declines subsequent to foreclosure, a valuation allowance is recorded through noninterest expense. Operating costs associated with the assets after acquisition are also recorded as noninterest expense. Gains and losses on the disposition of other real estate owned and foreclosed assets are netted and posted to other noninterest expense.

Bank Owned Life Insurance

First Mid Bank has purchased life insurance policies on certain senior management. Bank owned life insurance is recorded at the amount that can be realized under the insurance contract at the balance sheet date, which is the cash surrender value adjusted for other charges or other amounts that are probable at settlement.

Federal Home Loan Bank Stock

Federal Home Loan Bank stock is a required investment for institutions that are members of the Federal Home Loan Bank system.  The required investment in the common stock is based on a predetermined formula.

Income Taxes

The Company and its subsidiaries file consolidated federal and state income tax returns with each organization computing its taxes on a separate company basis.  Amounts provided for income tax expense are based on income reported for financial statement purposes rather than amounts currently payable under tax laws.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for future tax consequences attributable to the temporary differences existing between the financial statement carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis, as well as operating loss and tax credit carry forwards.  To the extent that current available evidence about the future raises doubt about the realization of a deferred tax asset, a valuation allowance is established.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.  The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized as an increase or decrease in income tax expense in the period in which such change is enacted.

On December 22, 2017, the United States enacted certain tax reforms through the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which changes existing tax laws, most significantly a change in the statutory corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%. As a result of this enactment, the Company incurred additional one-time income tax expense of approximately $1.4 million during the fourth quarter of 2017, primarily due to remeasurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities.

Additionally, the Company reviews its uncertain tax positions annually under FASB Interpretation No. 48 (FIN No. 48), “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes,” codified within ASC 740. An uncertain tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is "more likely than not" that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The amount actually recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely to be recognized on examination. For tax positions not meeting the "more likely than not" test, no tax benefit is recorded. A significant amount of judgment is applied to determine both whether the tax position meets the "more likely than not" test as well as to determine the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely to be recognized. Differences between the position taken by management and that of taxing authorities could result in a reduction of a tax benefit or increase to tax liability, which could adversely affect future income tax expense.

Captive Insurance Company

FIrst Mid Captive, Inc. ("the Captive"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company which was formed and began operations in December 2019, is a Nevada-based captive insurance company. The Captive insures against certain risks unique to the operations of the Company and its subsidiaries for which insurance may not be currently available or economically feasible in today's insurance marketplace. The Captive pools resources with several other similar insurance company subsidiaries of financial institutions to spread a limited amount of risk among themselves. The Captive is subject to regulations of the State of Nevada and undergoes periodic examinations by the Nevada Division of Insurance. It has elected to be taxed under Section 831(b) of the Internal Revenue Code. Pursuant to Section 831(b), if gross premiums do not exceed $2,300,000, then the Captive is taxable solely on its investment income. The Captive is included in the Company's consolidated financial statements and its federal income return.

Trust Assets

Assets held in fiduciary or agency capacities by FIrst Mid Wealth Management Company are not included in the consolidated balance sheets since such items are not assets of the Company or its subsidiaries.  Fees from trust activities are recorded on a cash basis over the period in which the service is provided.  Fees are a function of the market value of assets managed and administered, the volume of transactions, and fees for other services rendered, as set forth in the underlying client agreement with the First Mid Wealth Management Company.  This revenue recognition involves the use of estimates and assumptions, including components that are calculated based on asset valuations and transaction volumes.  Any out of pocket expenses or services not typically covered by the fee schedule for trust activities are charged directly to the trust account on a gross basis as trust revenue is incurred. At December 31, 2019, the First Mid Wealth Management Company managed or administered 1,635 trust accounts with assets totaling approximately $1,487.5 million. At December 31, 2018, the Company managed or administered 1,141 trust accounts with assets totaling approximately $1,129.6 million.

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Treasury Stock

Treasury stock is stated at cost. Cost is determined by the first-in, first-out method.

Stock Incentive Awards

At the Annual Meeting of Stockholders held April 26, 2017, the stockholders approved the 2017 Stock Incentive Plan ("SI Plan"). The SI Plan was implemented to succeed the Company's 2007 Stock Incentive Plan, which had a ten-year term. The SI Plan is intended to provide a means whereby directors, employees, consultants and advisors of the Company and its Subsidiaries may sustain a sense of proprietorship and personal involvement in the continued development and financial success of the Company and its Subsidiaries, thereby advancing the interests of the Company and its stockholders. Accordingly, directors and selected employees, consultants and advisors may be provided the opportunity to acquire shares of Common Stock of the Company on the terms and conditions established in the SI Plan.

A maximum of 149,983 shares of common stock may be issued under the SI Plan.  The Company awarded 26,700, 28,700, and 18,391 shares during 2019, 2018, and 2017 (under the 2007 Stock Incentive Plan), respectively as stock and stock unit awards.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

At the Annual Meeting of Stockholders held April 25, 2018, the stockholders approved the First Mid Bancshares, Inc. Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”). The ESPP is intended to promote the interests of the Company by providing eligible employees with the opportunity to purchase shares of common stock of the Company at a 5% discount through payroll deductions. The ESPP is also intended to qualify as an employee stock purchase plan under Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code. A maximum of 600,000 shares of common stock may be issued under the ESPP. As of December 31, 2019, 8,899 shares were issued pursuant to ESPP.

General Litigation

The Company is subject to claims and lawsuits that arise primarily in the ordinary course of business. It is the opinion of management that the disposition or ultimate resolution of such claims and lawsuits will not have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company.

Revenue Recognition

Accounting Standards Codification 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”), establishes a revenue recognition model for reporting information about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from the entity's contracts to provide goods or services to customers. Most of the Company’s revenue-generating transactions are not subject to ASC 606, including revenue generated from financial instruments, such as loans and investment securities, and revenue related to mortgage servicing activities, which are subject to other accounting standards. A description ofthe revenue-generating activities that are within the scope of ASC 606, and included in other income in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of income are as follows:

Trust revenues. The Company generates fee income from providing fiduciary services through its trust department. Fees

are billed in arrears based upon the preceding period account balance. Revenue from the farm management department is

recorded when service is complete, for example when crops are sold.

Brokerage commissions. The primary brokerage revenue is recorded at the beginning of each quarter through billing to

customers based on the account asset size on the last day of the previous quarter. If a withdrawal of funds takes place, a

prorated refund may occur; this is reflected within the same quarter as the original billing occurred. All performance

obligations are met within the same quarter that the revenue is recorded.

Insurance commissions. The Company’s insurance agency subsidiary, First Mid Insurance, receives

commissions on premiums of new and renewed business policies. First Mid Insurance records commission revenue on direct bill policies

as the cash is received. For agency bill policies, First Mid Insurance retains its commission portion of the customer premium payment

and remits the balance to the carrier. In both cases, the entire performance obligation is held by the carriers.

Service charges on deposits. The Company generates revenue from fees charged for deposit account maintenance,

overdrafts, wire transfers, and check fees. The revenue related to deposit fees is recognized at the time the performance

obligation is satisfied.

ATM/debit card revenue. The Company generates revenue through service charges on the use of its ATM machines and

interchange income from the use of Company issued credit and debit cards. The revenue is recognized at the time the

service is used and the performance obligation is satisfied.

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Other income. Treasury management fees and lock box fees are received and recorded after the service performance

obligation is completed. Merchant bank card fees are received from various vendors, however the performance obligation

is with the vendors. The Company records gains on the sale of loans and the sale of OREO properties after the transactions

are complete and transfer of ownership has occurred.

As each of the Company’s facilities is located in markets with similar economies, no disaggregation of revenue is necessary.

Leases

Effective January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). As of December 31, 2019 substantially all of the Company's leases are operating leases for real estate property for bank branches, ATM locations, and office space. For leases in effect January 1, 2019 and for leases commencing thereafter, the Company recognizes a lease liability and a right-of-use asset, based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The discount rate used in determining present value was the Company's incremental borrowing rate which is the FHLB fixed advance rate based on the remaining lease term as of January 1, 2019, or the commencement date for leases subsequently entered into.

Adoption of New Accounting Guidance

Accounting Standards Update 2017-04, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350: Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment ("ASU 2017-04"). In January 2017, FASB issued ASU 2017-04. The amendments in this update simplify the measurement of goodwill by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Under this guidance, an entity should perform its annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An entity should recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit's fair value; however, the loss should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. ASU 2017-04 is effective for public companies for the reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. Although the Company cannot anticipate future goodwill impairment, based on the most recent assessment, it is unlikely that an impairment amount would need to be calculated and, therefore, does not anticipate a material impact on the Company's financial statements. The current accounting policies and procedures of the Company are not anticipated to change, except for the elimination of Step 2 analysis.

Accounting Standards Update 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842)("ASU 2016-02"). On February 25, 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-02 which creates Topic 842, Leases and supersedes Topic 840, Leases. ASU 2016-02 is intended to improve financial reporting about leasing transactions, by increasing transparency and comparability among organizations. Under the new guidance, a lessee is required to record all leases with lease terms of more than 12 months on their balance sheet as lease liabilities with a corresponding right-of-use asset. ASU 2016-02 maintains the dual model for lease accounting, requiring leases to be classified as either operating or finance, with lease classification determined in a manner similar to existing lease guidance. The new guidance is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2018, and for private companies for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2019. The Company adopted the guidance effective January 1, 2019 and recorded a right of use asset of $14.1 million and a lease liability of $14.1 million.

Accounting Standards Update 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses of Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”). In June 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-13. The provisions of ASU 2016-13 requires an entity to utilize a new impairment model known as the current expected credit loss ("CECL") model to estimate its lifetime "expected credit loss" and record an allowance that, when deducted from the amortized cost basis of the financial asset, presents the net amount expected to be collected on the financial asset. The CECL model is expected to result in more timely recognition of credit losses. ASU 2016-13 also requires new disclosures for financial assets measured at amortized cost, loans and available-for-sale debt securities. ASU 2016-13 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Entities will apply the standard's provisions as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is adopted.

Management formed an internal, cross functional committee in 2017 to evaluate implementation steps and assess the impact ASU 2016-13 would have on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The committee assigned roles and responsibilities, key tasks to complete, and established a general timeline for implementation. The Company also engaged an outside consultant to assist with the methodology review and data validation, as well as other key aspects of implementing the standard. The committee met periodically to discuss the latest developments and ensure progress was being made. In addition, the committee kept current on evolving interpretations and industry practices related to ASU 2016-13. The committee evaluated and validated data resources and different loss methodologies. Key implementation activities for 2019 included finalization of models, establishing processes and controls, development of supporting analytics and documentation, policies and disclosure, and implementing parallel processing. The Company is required to adopt ASU 2016-13 effective January 1, 2020. The Company's initial estimate of the impact of adopting the standard is a 5% to 10% increase in the allowance for loan losses with an offseting cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings.

Accounting Standards Update 2018-13, Fair Value Measurements (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (“ASU 2018-13”).  In August 2018, FASB issued ASU 2018-13. This ASU eliminates, adds and modifies certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. Among the changes, an entity will no longer be required to disclose the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, but will be required to disclose the range and weighted average used to develop significant unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements. ASU 2018-13 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019; early adoption is permitted. As ASU 2018-13 only revises disclosure requirements, it will not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) included in stockholders’ equity as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 are as follows (in thousands):

	Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Securities				Total
December 31, 2019
Net unrealized gains on securities available-for-sale	$	11,825			$	11,825
Unamortized losses on securities held-to-maturity transferred from available-for-sale	(50		)		(50		)
Tax Expense	(3,415		)		(3,415		)
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	8,360			$	8,360
December 31, 2018
Net unrealized losses on securities available-for-sale	$	(8,951	)		$	(8,951	)
Unamortized losses on securities held-to-maturity transferred from available-for-sale	(166		)		(166		)
Tax benefit	2,644				2,644
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	(6,473	)		$	(6,473	)

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income and the affected line items in the statements of income during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, were as follows (in thousands):

	Amounts Reclassified from Other Comprehensive Income												Affected Line Item in the Statements of Income
	2019				2018				2017
Realized gains on available-for-sale securities	$	802			901				616				Securities gains, net (Total reclassified amount before tax)
	(233		)		(261		)		(216		)		Tax expense
Total reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income	$	569			$	640			$	400			Net reclassified amount

See “Note 4 – Investment Securities” for more detailed information regarding unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities.

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Note 2 -- Earnings Per Share

Basic net income per common share available to common stockholders is calculated as net income less preferred stock dividends divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding.  Diluted net income per common share available to common stockholders is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding, increased by the assumed conversion of the Company’s convertible preferred stock and the Company’s stock options and restricted stock awarded, unless anti-dilutive. The components of basic and diluted net income per common share available to common stockholders for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 were as follows:

		2019				2018				2017
Basic Net Income per Common Share
Available to Common Stockholders:
Net income available to common stockholders		47,943,000				36,600,000				26,684,000
Weighted average common shares outstanding		16,675,269				14,487,126				12,531,659
Basic earnings per common share		$	2.88			$	2.53			$	2.13
Diluted Net Income per Common Share
Available to Common Stockholders:
Net income available to common stockholders		$	47,943,000			$	36,600,000			$	26,684,000
Weighted average common shares outstanding		16,675,269				14,487,126				12,531,659
Dilutive potential common shares:
Assumed conversion of stock options		—				209				4,875
Restricted stock awarded		34,207				13,250				—
Dilutive potential common shares		34,207				13,459				4,875
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding		16,709,476				14,500,585				12,536,534
Diluted earnings per common share		$	2.87			$	2.52			$	2.13

There were no shares not considered in computing diluted earnings per share for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017.

Note 3 -- Cash and Due from Banks

Aggregate cash and due from bank balances of $18,038,000, $14,564,000 and $8,944,000 were maintained in satisfaction of statutory reserve requirements of the Federal Reserve Bank at December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. At December 31, 2019, the Company's cash accounts exceeded federal insurance limits by $18.4 million.

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Note 4 -- Investment Securities

The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses and estimated fair values for available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities by major security type at December 31, 2019 and 2018 were as follows (in thousands):

December 31, 2019	Amortized Cost				Gross Unrealized Gains				Gross Unrealized (Losses)				Fair Value
Available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations & agencies	$	106,428			$	952			$	(60	)		$	107,320
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	172,460				5,990				(17		)		178,433
Mortgage-backed securities: GSE residential	391,307				5,331				(512		)		396,126
Other securities	4,028				141				—				4,169
Total available-for-sale	$	674,223			$	12,414			$	(589	)		$	686,048
Held-to-maturity:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations & agencies	$	69,542			$	99			$	(69	)		$	69,572
December 31, 2018
Available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations & agencies	$	201,380			$	504			$	(3,235	)		$	198,649
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	193,195				1,224				(1,840		)		192,579
Mortgage-backed securities: GSE residential	304,372				486				(6,186		)		298,672
Other securities	2,278				96				—				2,374
Total available-for-sale	$	701,225			$	2,310			$	(11,261	)		$	692,274
Held-to-maturity:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations & agencies	$	69,436			$	—			$	(1,527	)		$	67,909

Proceeds from sales of investment securities, realized gains and losses and income tax expense were as follows during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands):

	2019				2018				2017
Proceeds from sales	$	60,900			$	13,152			$	159,663
Gross gains	875				941				773
Gross losses	(73		)		(40		)		(157		)
Income tax expense	233				261				216

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The following table indicates the expected maturities of investment securities classified as available-for-sale presented at fair value, and held-to-maturity presented at amortized cost at December 31, 2019 and the weighted average yield for each range of maturities (in thousands):

	One year or less				After 1 through 5 years				After 5 through 10 years				After ten years				Total
Available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	97,088			$	10,232			$	—			$	—			$	107,320
Obligations of state and political subdivisions	30,565				68,896				77,953				1,019				178,433
Mortgage-backed securities: GSE residential	1,517				296,145				98,464				—				396,126
Other securities	2,002				1,754				—				413				4,169
Total investments	$	131,172			$	377,027			$	176,417			$	1,432			$	686,048
Weighted average yield	2.70		%		2.88		%		2.81		%		3.07		%		2.83		%
Full tax-equivalent yield	2.94		%		3.08		%		3.32		%		4.08		%		3.12		%
Held-to-maturity:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	64,511			$	5,031			$	—			$	—			$	69,542
Weighted average yield	1.89		%		2.06		%		—		%		—		%		1.90		%
Full tax-equivalent yield	1.89		%		2.06		%		—		%		—		%		1.90		%

The weighted average yields are calculated on the basis of the amortized cost and effective yields weighted for the scheduled maturity of each security. Tax-equivalent yields have been calculated using a 21% tax rate.  With the exception of obligations of the U.S. Treasury and other U.S. government agencies and corporations, there were no investment securities of any single issuer, the book value of which exceeded 10% of stockholders' equity at December 31, 2019.

Investment securities carried at approximately $688 million and $628 million at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, were pledged to secure public deposits and repurchase agreements and for other purposes as permitted or required by law.

The following table presents the aging of gross unrealized losses and fair value by investment category as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands):

	Less than 12 months								12 months or more								Total
	Fair Value				Unrealized Losses				Fair Value				Unrealized Losses				Fair Value				Unrealized Losses
December 31, 2019
Available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	23,375			$	(60	)		$	—			$	—			$	23,375			$	(60	)
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	3,469				(16		)		347				(1		)		3,816				(17		)
Mortgage-backed securities: GSE residential	67,080				(322		)		20,888				(190		)		87,968				(512		)
Total	$	93,924			$	(398	)		$	21,235			$	(191	)		$	115,159			$	(589	)
Held-to-maturity:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	14,996			$	(25	)		$	24,565			$	(44	)		$	39,561			$	(69	)
December 31, 2018
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	16,095			$	(148	)		$	105,549			$	(3,087	)		$	121,644			$	(3,235	)
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	38,782				(450		)		42,741				(1,390		)		81,523				(1,840		)
Mortgage-backed securities: GSE residential	81,435				(1,150		)		171,321				(5,036		)		252,756				(6,186		)
Total	$	136,312			$	(1,748	)		$	319,611			$	(9,513	)		$	455,923			$	(11,261	)
Held-to-maturity:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	19,683			$	(147	)		$	48,226			$	(1,380	)		$	67,909			$	(1,527	)

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U.S. Treasury Securities and Obligations of U.S. Government Corporations and Agencies. At December 31, 2019, there were no available-for-sale U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies in a continuous unrealized loss position for twelve months or more. At December 31, 2018, there were twenty-three available-for-sale U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies with a fair value of $105,549,000 and unrealized losses of $3,087,000 in a continuous unrealized loss position for twelve months or more.

At December 31, 2019 there were four held-to-maturity U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies with a fair value of $24,565,000 and unrealized losses of $44,000 in a continuous unrealized loss position for twelve months or more. At December 31, 2018 there were nine held-to maturity U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies with a fair value of $48,226,000 and unrealized losses of $1,380,000 in a continuous unrealized loss position for twelve months or more.

Obligations of states and political subdivisions.  At December 31, 2019 there was one obligations of states and political subdivisions with a fair value of $347,000 and unrealized losses of $1,000 in a continuous unrealized loss position for twelve months or more. At December 31, 2018, there were eighty-four obligations of states and political subdivisions with a fair value of $42,741,000 and unrealized losses of $1,390,000 in a continuous unrealized loss position for twelve months or more.

Mortgage-backed Securities: GSE Residential. At December 31, 2019 there were fourteen mortgage-backed securities with a fair value of $20,888,000 and unrealized losses of $190,000 in a continuous unrealized loss position for twelve months or more. At December 31, 2018, there were sixty-nine mortgage-backed security with a fair value of $171,321,000 and unrealized losses of $5,036,000 in a continuous unrealized loss position for twelve months or more.

Other-than-temporary Impairment

Upon acquisition of a security, the Company determines whether it is within the scope of the accounting guidance for investments in debt and equity securities or whether it must be evaluated for impairment under the accounting guidance for beneficial interests in securitized financial assets.

Credit Losses Recognized on Investments

As described above, the Company’s investments in trust preferred securities experienced fair value deterioration due to credit losses but were not otherwise other-than-temporarily impaired. The following table provides information about those trust preferred securities for which only a credit loss was recognized in income and other losses were recorded in other comprehensive income (loss) for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands).

	Accumulated Credit Losses as of December 31:
	2019				2018				2017
Credit losses on trust preferred securities held:
Beginning of period	$	—			$	1,111			$	1,111
Additions related to OTTI losses not previously recognized	—				—				—
Reductions due to sales / (recoveries)	—				(1,111		)		—
Reductions due to change in intent or likelihood of sale	—				—				—
Additions related to increases in previously recognized OTTI losses	—				—				—
Reductions due to increases in expected cash flows	—				—				—
End of period	$	—			$	—			$	1,111

On May 29, 2018 the Company sold its trust preferred security. This sale resulted in a recovery of all of the book value of the security. The net proceeds exceed the aggregate book value of these securities by approximately $846,000 and this amount was recorded as a security gain during the second quarter of 2018.

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Maturities of investment securities were as follows at December 31, 2019 (in thousands):

		Amortized Cost				Estimated Fair Value
Available-for-sale:
Due in one year or less		$	128,892			$	129,656
Due after one-five years		78,637				80,882
Due after five-ten years		74,167				77,953
Due after ten years		1,220				1,431
		282,916				289,922
Mortgage-backed securities: GSE residential		391,307				396,126
Total available-for-sale		674,223				686,048
Held-to-maturity:
Due in one year or less		64,511				64,501
Due after one-five years		5,031				5,071
Total held-to-maturity		$	69,542			$	69,572

Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

Note 5 -- Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses

Loans are stated at the principal amount outstanding net of unearned discounts, unearned income and allowance for loan losses.  Unearned income includes deferred loan origination fees reduced by loan origination costs and is amortized to interest income over the life of the related loan using methods that approximated the effective interest rate method.  Interest on substantially all loans is credited to income based on the principal amount outstanding. A summary of loans at December 31, 2019 and 2018 follows (in thousands):

	2019				2018
Construction and land development	$	94,462			$	51,013
Farm loans	240,481				232,409
1-4 Family residential properties	336,553				374,751
Multifamily residential properties	155,132				186,393
Commercial real estate	997,175				911,656
Loans secured by real estate	1,823,803				1,756,222
Agricultural loans	136,023				136,125
Commercial and industrial loans	528,987				559,120
Consumer loans	83,544				92,744
All other loans	126,807				113,925
Gross loans	2,699,164				2,658,136
Less: Loans held for sale	1,820				1,508
	2,697,344				2,656,628
Less:
Net deferred loan fees, premiums and discounts	3,817				13,617
Allowance for loan losses	26,911				26,189
Net loans	$	2,666,616			$	2,616,822

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Net loans increased $49.8 million as of December 31, 2019 compared to December 31, 2018. Loans expected to be sold are classified as held for sale in the consolidated financial statements and are recorded at the lower of aggregate cost or fair value, taking into consideration future commitments to sell the loans. These loans are primarily for 1-4 family residential properties. The balance of loans held for sale, excluded from the balances above, were $1,820,000 and $1,508,000 at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Most of the Company’s business activities are with customers located within central Illinois.  At December 31, 2019, the Company’s loan portfolio included $376.4 million of loans to borrowers whose businesses are directly related to agriculture. Of this amount, $301.5 million was concentrated in other grain farming. Total loans to borrowers whose businesses are directly related to agriculture increased $8.8 million from $367.6 million at December 31, 2018 while loans concentrated in other grain farming increased $25.4 million from $276.1 million at December 31, 2018.  While the Company adheres to sound underwriting practices, including collateralization of loans, any extended period of low commodity prices, drought conditions, significantly reduced yields on crops and/or reduced levels of government assistance to the agricultural industry could result in an increase in the level of problem agriculture loans and potentially result in loan losses within the agricultural portfolio.

In addition, at December 31, 2019 the Company had $120.7 million of loans to motels and hotels compared to $129.2 million at December 31, 2018 .  The performance of these loans is dependent on borrower specific issues as well as the general level of business and personal travel within the region.  While the Company adheres to sound underwriting standards, a prolonged period of reduced business or personal travel could result in an increase in nonperforming loans to this business segment and potentially in loan losses. The Company also had $300.6 million and $250.5 million of loans to lessors of non-residential buildings at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, $284.4 million and $289.2 million of loans to lessors of residential buildings and dwellings at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $90.4 million and $105.3 million of loans to other gambling industries at December 31, 2019 and 2018.

The structure of the Company’s loan approval process is based on progressively larger lending authorities granted to individual loan officers, loan committees, and ultimately the board of directors.  Outstanding balances to one borrower or affiliated borrowers are limited by federal regulation; however, limits well below the regulatory thresholds are generally observed.  The vast majority of the Company’s loans are to businesses located in the geographic market areas served by the Company’s branch bank system.  Additionally, a significant portion of the collateral securing the loans in the portfolio is located within the Company’s primary geographic footprint.  In general, the Company adheres to loan underwriting standards consistent with industry guidelines for all loan segments. The Company’s lending can be summarized into the following primary areas:

Commercial Real Estate Loans.  Commercial real estate loans are generally comprised of loans to small business entities to purchase or expand structures in which the business operations are housed, loans to owners of real estate who lease space to non-related commercial entities, loans for construction and land development, loans to hotel operators, and loans to owners of multi-family residential structures, such as apartment buildings.  Commercial real estate loans are underwritten based on historical and projected cash flows of the borrower and secondarily on the underlying real estate pledged as collateral on the debt.  For the various types of commercial real estate loans, minimum criteria have been established within the Company’s loan policy regarding debt service coverage while maximum limits on loan-to-value and amortization periods have been defined.  Maximum loan-to-value ratios range from 65% to 80% depending upon the type of real estate collateral, while the desired minimum debt coverage ratio is 1.20x. Amortization periods for commercial real estate loans are generally limited to twenty years. The Company’s commercial real estate portfolio is well below the thresholds that would designate a concentration in commercial real estate lending, as established by the federal banking regulators.

Commercial and Industrial Loans. Commercial and industrial loans are primarily comprised of working capital loans used to purchase inventory and fund accounts receivable that are secured by business assets other than real estate.  These loans are generally written for one year or less. Also, equipment financing is provided to businesses with these loans generally limited to 80% of the value of the collateral and amortization periods limited to seven years. Commercial loans are often accompanied by a personal guaranty of the principal owners of a business.  Like commercial real estate loans, the underlying cash flow of the business is the primary consideration in the underwriting process.  The financial condition of commercial borrowers is monitored at least annually with the type of financial information required determined by the size of the relationship.  Measures employed by the Company for businesses with higher risk profiles include the use of government-assisted lending programs through the Small Business Administration and U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Agricultural and Agricultural Real Estate Loans. Agricultural loans are generally comprised of seasonal operating lines to cash grain farmers to plant and harvest corn and soybeans and term loans to fund the purchase of equipment.  Agricultural real estate loans are primarily comprised of loans for the purchase of farmland.  Specific underwriting standards have been established for agricultural-related loans including the establishment of projections for each operating year based on industry developed estimates of farm input costs and expected commodity yields and prices.  Operating lines are typically written for one year and secured by the crop. Loan-to-value ratios on loans secured by farmland generally do not exceed 65% and have amortization periods limited to twenty five years.  Federal government-assistance lending programs through the Farm Service Agency are used to mitigate the level of credit risk when deemed appropriate.

Residential Real Estate Loans. Residential real estate loans generally include loans for the purchase or refinance of residential real estate properties consisting of one-to-four units and home equity loans and lines of credit.  The Company sells the vast majority of its long-term fixed rate residential real estate loans to secondary market investors.  The Company also releases the servicing of these loans upon sale.  The Company retains all residential real estate loans with balloon payment features.  Balloon periods are limited to five years. Residential real estate loans are typically underwritten to conform to industry standards including criteria for maximum debt-to-income and loan-to-value ratios as well as minimum credit scores.  Loans secured by first liens on residential real estate held in the portfolio typically do not exceed 80% of the value of the collateral and have amortization periods of twenty five years or less. The Company does not originate subprime mortgage loans.

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Consumer Loans. Consumer loans are primarily comprised of loans to individuals for personal and household purposes such as the purchase of an automobile or other living expenses.  Minimum underwriting criteria have been established that consider credit score, debt-to-income ratio, employment history, and collateral coverage.  Typically, consumer loans are set up on monthly payments with amortization periods based on the type and age of the collateral.

Other Loans. Other loans consist primarily of loans to municipalities to support community projects such as infrastructure improvements or equipment purchases.  Underwriting guidelines for these loans are consistent with those established for commercial loans with the additional repayment source of the taxing authority of the municipality.

Purchase Credit-Impaired Loans. Loans acquired with evidence of credit deterioration since origination and for which it is probable that all contractually required payments will not be collected are considered to be credit impaired. Evidence of credit quality deterioration as of the purchase date may include information such as past-due and nonaccrual status, borrower credit scores and recent loan to value percentages. Purchase credit-impaired ("PCI") loans are accounted for under ASC 310-30, Receivables--Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality ("ASC 310-30"), and are initially measured at fair value, which includes the estimated future credit losses expected to be incurred over the life of the loan. Accordingly, an allowance for credit losses related to these loans is not carried over and recorded at the acquisition date. The cash flows expected to be collected were estimated using current key assumptions, such as default rates, value of underlying collateral, severity and prepayment speeds.

Allowance for Loan Losses

The allowance for loan losses represents the Company’s best estimate of the reserve necessary to adequately account for probable losses existing in the current portfolio. The provision for loan losses is the charge against current earnings that is determined by the Company as the amount needed to maintain an adequate allowance for loan losses. In determining the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses, and therefore the provision to be charged to current earnings, the Company relies predominantly on a disciplined credit review and approval process that extends to the full range of the Company’s credit exposure.  The review process is directed by the overall lending policy and is intended to identify, at the earliest possible stage, borrowers who might be facing financial difficulty. Factors considered by the Company in evaluating the overall adequacy of the allowance include historical net loan losses, the level and composition of nonaccrual, past due and troubled debt restructurings, trends in volumes and terms of loans, effects of changes in risk selection and underwriting standards or lending practices, lending staff changes, concentrations of credit, industry conditions and the current economic conditions in the region where the Company operates. The Company estimates the appropriate level of allowance for loan losses by separately evaluating large impaired loans and nonimpaired loans.

The Company has loans acquired from business combinations with uncollected principal balances.  These loans are carried net of a fair value adjustment for credit risk and interest rates and are only included in the allowance calculation to the extent that the reserve requirement exceeds the fair value adjustment.  However, as the acquired loans renew, it is necessary to establish an allowance which represents an amount that, in management’s opinion, will be adequate to absorb probable credit losses inherent in such loans.

Impaired loans. The Company individually evaluates certain loans for impairment.  In general, these loans have been internally identified via the Company’s loan grading system as credits requiring management’s attention due to underlying problems in the borrower’s business or collateral concerns.  This evaluation considers expected future cash flows, the value of collateral and also other factors that may impact the borrower’s ability to make payments when due.  For loans greater than $250,000 impairment is individually measured each quarter using one of three alternatives: (1) the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate; (2) the loan’s observable market price, if available; or (3) the fair value of the collateral less costs to sell for collateral dependent loans and loans for which foreclosure is deemed to be probable. A specific allowance is assigned when expected cash flows or collateral do not justify the carrying amount of the loan. The carrying value of the loan reflects reductions from prior charge-offs.

Non-Impaired loans. Non-impaired loans comprise the vast majority of the Company’s total loan portfolio and include loans in accrual status and those credits not identified as troubled debt restructurings. A small portion of these loans are considered “criticized” due to the risk rating assigned reflecting elevated credit risk due to characteristics, such as a strained cash flow position, associated with the individual borrowers. Criticized loans are those assigned risk ratings of Watch, Substandard, or Doubtful. Determining the appropriate level of the allowance for loan losses for all non-impaired loans is based on a migration analysis of net losses over a rolling twelve quarter period by loan segment. A weighted average of the net losses is determined by assigning more weight to the most recent quarters in order to recognize current risk factors influencing the various segments of the loan portfolio more prominently than past periods. Environmental factors including changes in economic conditions, changes in credit policies or underwriting standards, and changes in the level of credit risk associated with specific industries and markets are evaluated each quarter to determine if adjustments to the weighted average historical net losses is appropriate given these current influences on the risk profile of each loan segment. Because the economic and business climate in any given industry or market, and its impact on any given borrower, can change rapidly, the risk profile of the loan portfolio is periodically assessed and adjusted when appropriate. Consumer loans are evaluated for adverse classification based primarily on the Uniform Retail Credit Classification and Account Management Policy established by the federal banking regulators. Classification standards are generally based on delinquency status, collateral coverage, bankruptcy and the presence of fraud.

Due to weakened economic conditions during recent years, the Company established qualitative factor adjustments for each of the loan segments at levels above the historical net loss averages. Some of the economic factors included the potential for reduced cash flow for commercial operating loans from reduction in sales or increased operating costs, decreased occupancy rates for commercial buildings, reduced levels of home sales for commercial land developments, the uncertainty regarding grain prices and increased operating costs for farmers, and increased levels of unemployment and bankruptcy impacting consumer’s ability to pay. Each of these economic uncertainties was taken into consideration in developing the level of the allowance for loan losses.

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The Company has not materially changed any aspect of its overall approach in the determination of the allowance for loan losses.  However, on an on-going basis the Company continues to refine the methods used in determining management’s best estimate of the allowance for loan losses.

The following tables present the balance in the allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment in loans based on portfolio segment and impairment method as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands):

 

	Commercial/ Commercial Real Estate				Agricultural/ Agricultural Real Estate				Residential  Real Estate				Consumer				Unallocated				Total
December 31, 2019
Allowance for loan losses:
Balance, beginning of year	$	21,556			$	2,197			$	1,504			$	932			$	—			$	26,189
Provision charged to expense	4,212				318				502				1,401				—				6,433
Losses charged off	(4,322		)		(45		)		(695		)		(1,264		)		—				(6,326		)
Recoveries	172				9				75				359				—				615
Balance, end of period	$	21,618			$	2,479			$	1,386			$	1,428			$	—			$	26,911
Ending balance:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	548			$	8			$	176			$	1			$	—			$	733
Collectively evaluated for impairment	$	20,711			$	2,471			$	1,204			$	1,427			$	—			$	25,813
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality	$	359			$	—			$	6			$	—			$	—			$	365
Loans:
Ending balance	$	1,882,755			$	376,639			$	345,139			$	90,814			$	—			$	2,695,347
Ending Balance:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	13,487			$	85			$	4,783			$	134			$	—			$	18,489
Collectively evaluated for impairment	$	1,864,688			$	376,554			$	339,985			$	90,680			$	—			$	2,671,907
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality	$	4,580			$	—			$	371			$	—			$	—			$	4,951

December 31, 2018
Allowance for loan losses:
Balance, beginning of year	$	16,546			$	1,742			$	886			$	803			$	—			$	19,977
Provision charged to expense	6,070				548				1,447				602				—				8,667
Losses charged off	(1,227		)		(93		)		(886		)		(787		)		—				(2,993		)
Recoveries	167				—				57				314				—				538
Balance, end of period	$	21,556			$	2,197			$	1,504			$	932			$	—			$	26,189
Ending balance:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	1,816			$	—			$	225			$	3			$	—			$	2,044
Collectively evaluated for impairment	$	18,514			$	2,197			$	1,270			$	929			$	—			$	22,910
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality	$	1,226			$	—			$	9			$	—			$	—			$	1,235
Loans:
Ending balance	$	1,784,741			$	367,211			$	392,526			$	100,041			$	—			$	2,644,519
Ending balance:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	14,422			$	32			$	2,360			$	166			$	—			$	16,980
Collectively evaluated for impairment	$	1,756,908			$	367,175			$	387,961			$	99,872			$	—			$	2,611,916
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality	$	13,411			$	4			$	2,205			$	3			$	—			$	15,623

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	Commercial/ Commercial Real Estate				Agricultural/ Agricultural Real Estate				Residential  Real Estate				Consumer				Unallocated				Total
December 31, 2017
Allowance for loan losses:
Balance, beginning of year	$	12,901			$	2,249			$	874			$	693			$	36			$	16,753
Provision charged to expense	6,884				153				100				361				(36		)		7,462
Losses charged off	(3,795		)		(662		)		(217		)		(521		)		—				(5,195		)
Recoveries	556				2				129				270				—				957
Balance, end of year	$	16,546			$	1,742			$	886			$	803			$	—			$	19,977
Ending balance:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	586			$	2			$	25			$	1			$	—			$	614
Collectively evaluated for impairment	$	15,951			$	1,740			$	861			$	802			$	—			$	19,354
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality	$	9			$	—			$	—			$	—			$	—			$	9
Loans:
Ending balance	$	1,371,787			$	213,521			$	315,123			$	39,070			$	—			$	1,939,501
Ending balance:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	11,372			$	488			$	1,026			$	200			$	—			$	13,086
Collectively evaluated for impairment	$	1,360,156			$	213,033			$	314,097			$	38,870			$	—			$	1,926,156
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality	$	259			$	—			$	—			$	—			$	—			$	259

Consistent with regulatory guidance, charge-offs on all loan segments are taken when specific loans, or portions thereof, are considered uncollectible. The Company’s policy is to promptly charge these loans off in the period the uncollectible loss is reasonably determined.

For all loan portfolio segments except 1-4 family residential properties and consumer, the Company promptly charges-off loans, or portions thereof, when available information confirms that specific loans are uncollectible based on information that includes, but is not limited to, (1) the deteriorating financial condition of the borrower, (2) declining collateral values, and/or (3) legal action, including bankruptcy, that impairs the borrower’s ability to adequately meet its obligations. For impaired loans that are considered to be solely collateral dependent, a partial charge-off is recorded when a loss has been confirmed by an updated appraisal or other appropriate valuation of the collateral.

The Company charges-off 1-4 family residential and consumer loans, or portions thereof, when the Company reasonably determines the amount of the loss. The Company adheres to timeframes established by applicable regulatory guidance which provides for the charge-down of 1-4 family first and junior lien mortgages to the net realizable value less costs to sell when the loan is 180 days past due, charge-off of unsecured open-end loans when the loan is 180 days past due, and charge down to the net realizable value when other secured loans are 120 days past due. Loans at these respective delinquency thresholds for which the Company can clearly document that the loan is both well-secured and in the process of collection, such that collection will occur regardless of delinquency status, need not be charged off.

Credit Quality

The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as:  current financial information, historical payment experience, collateral support, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company analyzes loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk.  This analysis is performed on a continuous basis. The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings, which are commensurate with a loan considered "criticized":

Special Mention. Loans classified as special mention have a potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention.  If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the institution’s credit position at some future date.

Substandard. Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current sound-worthiness and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any.  Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

Doubtful. Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing factors, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable.

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Loans not meeting the criteria above that are analyzed individually as part of the above described process are considered pass rated loans. The following tables present the credit risk profile of the Company’s loan portfolio based on rating category and payment activity as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands):

	Construction & Land Development								Farm Loans								1-4 Family Residential Properties								Multifamily Residential Properties
	2019				2018				2019				2018				2019				2018				2019				2018
Pass	$	93,413			$	49,794			$	231,227			$	221,047			$	314,999			$	352,583			$	136,958			$	163,845
Special Mention	413				471				6,902				7,805				5,743				5,526				5,588				8,144
Substandard	316				354				2,112				2,848				15,685				15,409				11,402				12,062
Doubtful	—				—				—				—				—				—				—				—
Total	$	94,142			$	50,619			$	240,241			$	231,700			$	336,427			$	373,518			$	153,948			$	184,051

	Commercial Real Estate (Nonfarm/Nonresidential)								Agricultural Loans								Commercial & Industrial Loans								Consumer Loans
	2019				2018				2019				2018				2019				2018				2019				2018
Pass	$	966,585			$	861,086			$	129,811			$	127,863			$	479,233			$	535,186			$	82,117			$	90,133
Special Mention	8,568				16,035				3,862				7,581				37,602				9,967				140				177
Substandard	20,549				29,729				2,451				433				12,138				11,858				926				1,206
Doubtful	—				—				—				—				—				—				—				—
Total	$	995,702			$	906,850			$	136,124			$	135,877			$	528,973			$	557,011			$	83,183			$	91,516

	All Other Loans								Total Loans
	2019				2018				2019				2018
Pass	$	123,814			$	110,352			$	2,558,157			$	2,511,889
Special Mention	2,793				3,010				71,611				58,716
Substandard	—				15				65,579				73,914
Doubtful	—				—				—				—
Total	$	126,607			$	113,377			$	2,695,347			$	2,644,519

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The following table presents the Company’s loan portfolio aging analysis at December 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands):

	30-59 days Past Due				60-89 days Past Due				90 Days or More Past Due				Total Past Due				Current				Total Loans Receivable				Total Loans > 90 days & Accruing
December 31, 2019
Construction and land development	$	235			$	—			$	—			$	235			$	93,907			$	94,142			$	—
Farm loans	1,595				—				47				1,642				238,599				240,241				—
1-4 Family residential properties	3,834				2,288				4,713				10,835				325,592				336,427				—
Multifamily residential properties	1,348				46				1,131				2,525				151,423				153,948				—
Commercial real estate	602				495				2,241				3,338				992,364				995,702				—
Loans secured by real estate	7,614				2,829				8,132				18,575				1,801,885				1,820,460				—
Agricultural loans	300				—				307				607				135,517				136,124				—
Commercial and industrial loans	767				855				5,989				7,611				521,362				528,973				—
Consumer loans	454				196				150				800				82,383				83,183				—
All other loans	—				—				—				—				126,607				126,607				—
Total loans	$	9,135			$	3,880			$	14,578			$	27,593			$	2,667,754			$	2,695,347			$	—
December 31, 2018
Construction and land development	$	460			$	43			$	—			$	503			$	50,116			$	50,619			$	—
Farm loans	—				804				—				804				230,896				231,700				—
1-4 Family residential properties	3,347				3,051				4,080				10,478				363,040				373,518				—
Multifamily residential properties	1,149				—				1,955				3,104				180,947				184,051				—
Commercial real estate	1,349				89				4,058				5,496				901,354				906,850				—
Loans secured by real estate	6,305				3,987				10,093				20,385				1,726,353				1,746,738				—
Agricultural loans	63				—				20				83				135,794				135,877				—
Commercial and industrial loans	1,417				10				3,902				5,329				551,682				557,011				—
Consumer loans	888				356				299				1,543				89,973				91,516				—
All other loans	697				—				—				697				112,680				113,377				—
Total loans	$	9,370			$	4,353			$	14,314			$	28,037			$	2,616,482			$	2,644,519			$	—

Impaired Loans

Within all loan portfolio segments, loans are considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due from the borrower in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan. The entire balance of a loan is considered delinquent if the minimum payment contractually required to be made is not received by the specified due date. Impaired loans, excluding certain troubled debt restructured loans, are placed on nonaccrual status. Impaired loans include nonaccrual loans and loans modified in troubled debt restructurings where concessions have been granted to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties.  These concessions could include a reduction in the interest rate on the loan, payment extensions, forgiveness of principal, forbearance or other actions intended to maximize collection. It is the Company’s policy to have any restructured loans which are on nonaccrual status prior to being modified remain on nonaccrual status until, in the opinion of management, the financial position of the borrower indicates there is no longer any reasonable doubt as to the timely collection of interest or principal. If the restructured loan is on accrual status prior to being modified, the loan is reviewed to determine if the modified loan should remain on accrual status.

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The following tables present impaired loans as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands):

	2019												2018
	Recorded Balance				Unpaid Principal Balance				Specific Allowance				Recorded Balance				Unpaid Principal Balance				Specific Allowance
Loans with a specific allowance:
Construction and land development	$	256			$	256			$	—			$	2,559			$	2,559			$	14
Farm loans	—				—				—				—				—				—
1-4 Family residential properties	5,154				5,351				182				4,565				4,952				234
Multifamily residential properties	4,254				4,254				19				4,465				4,465				—
Commercial real estate	5,904				6,408				587				12,517				12,804				1,553
Loans secured by real estate	15,568				16,269				788				24,106				24,780				1,801
Agricultural loans	85				669				8				36				504				—
Commercial and industrial loans	7,653				8,789				301				8,292				8,723				1,475
Consumer loans	134				134				1				169				171				3
All other loans	—				—				—				—				—				—
Total loans	$	23,440			$	25,861			$	1,098			$	32,603			$	34,178			$	3,279
Loans without a specific allowance:
Construction and land development	$	41			$	41			$	—			$	48			$	48			$	—
Farm loans	479				479				—				309				309				—
1-4 Family residential properties	3,719				4,263				—				3,680				4,769				—
Multifamily residential properties	—				—				—				7,597				7,597				—
Commercial real estate	1,721				1,724				—				983				1,201				—
Loans secured by real estate	5,960				6,507				—				12,617				13,924				—
Agricultural loans	724				140				—				631				163				—
Commercial and industrial loans	916				3,065				—				1,660				2,027				—
Consumer loans	391				713				—				471				1,006				—
All other loans	—				—				—				6				6				—
Total loans	$	7,991			$	10,425			$	—			$	15,385			$	17,126			$	—
Total loans:
Construction and land development	$	297			$	297			$	—			$	2,607			$	2,607			$	14
Farm loans	479				479				—				309				309				—
1-4 Family residential properties	8,873				9,614				182				8,245				9,721				234
Multifamily residential properties	4,254				4,254				19				12,062				12,062				—
Commercial real estate	7,625				8,132				587				13,500				14,005				1,553
Loans secured by real estate	21,528				22,776				788				36,723				38,704				1,801
Agricultural loans	809				809				8				667				667				—
Commercial and industrial loans	8,569				11,854				301				9,952				10,750				1,475
Consumer loans	525				847				1				640				1,177				3
All other loans	—				—				—				6				6				—
Total loans	$	31,431			$	36,286			$	1,098			$	47,988			$	51,304			$	3,279

The Company’s policy is to discontinue the accrual of interest income on all loans for which principal or interest is ninety days past due.  The accrual of interest is discontinued earlier when, in the opinion of management, there is reasonable doubt as to the timely collection of interest or principal.  Once interest accruals are discontinued, accrued but uncollected interest is charged against current year income. Subsequent receipts on non-accrual loans are recorded as a reduction of principal, and interest income is recorded only after principal recovery is reasonably assured. Interest on loans determined to be troubled debt restructurings is recognized on an accrual basis in accordance with the restructured terms if the loan is in compliance with the modified terms.  Nonaccrual loans are returned to accrual status when, in the opinion of management, the financial position of the borrower indicates there is no longer any reasonable doubt as to the timely collection of interest or principal. The Company requires a period of satisfactory performance of not less than six months before returning a nonaccrual loan to accrual status.

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The following tables present average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands):

	2019								2018								2017
	Average Investment in Impaired Loans				Interest Income Recognized				Average Investment in Impaired Loans				Interest Income Recognized				Average Investment in Impaired Loans				Interest Income Recognized
Construction and land development	$	622			$	32			$	2,558			$	37			$	—			$	—
Farm loans	1,218				—				415				—				293				—
1-4 Family residential properties	9,659				80				6,297				144				3,267				29
Multifamily residential properties	6,490				89				9,666				137				377				1
Commercial real estate	12,189				234				9,818				271				5,457				13
Loans secured by real estate	30,178				435				28,754				589				9,394				43
Agricultural loans	808				3				727				23				878				—
Commercial and industrial loans	10,065				9				9,003				6				6,586				8
Consumer loans	649				1				131				1				325				—
All other loans	—				—				3				—				—				—
Total loans	$	41,700			$	448			$	38,618			$	619			$	17,183			$	51

The amount of interest income recognized by the Company within the periods stated above was due to loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring that remained on accrual status.  The balance of loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring included in the impaired loans stated above that were still accruing was $1,382,000 of 1-4 Family residential properties, $1,146,000 of commercial real estate, $128,000 of commercial and industrial loans, $40,000 of agricultural loans, and $5,000 of consumer loans at December 31, 2019 and $1,769,000 of 1-4 Family residential properties, $676,000 of commercial real estate loans, and $6,000 of consumer loans at December 31, 2018. For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the amount of interest income recognized using a cash-basis method of accounting during the period that the loans were impaired was not material.

Non Accrual Loans

The following table presents the Company’s recorded balance of nonaccrual loans at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 (in thousands). This table excludes purchased credit-impaired loans and performing troubled debt restructurings.

	2019				2018
Construction and land development	$	41			$	377
Farm loans	479				309
1-4 Family residential properties	7,379				5,762
Multifamily residential properties	3,137				2,105
Commercial real estate	4,351				8,457
Loans secured by real estate	15,387				17,010
Agricultural loans	769				667
Commercial and industrial loans	8,441				8,990
Consumer loans	521				625
All other loans	—				6
Total loans	$	25,118			$	27,298

The aggregate principal balances of nonaccrual, past due ninety days or more loans were $25.1 million and $27.3 million at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Interest income that would have been recorded under the original terms of such nonaccrual loans totaled $906,000, $1,189,000 and $471,000 in 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

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Purchased Credit-Impaired Loans

The Company acquired certain loans considered to be credit-impaired in its business combination with First Clover Leaf during the third quarter of 2016, First Bank & Trust during the second quarter of 2018 and Soy Capital during the fourth quarter of 2018. At acquisition, these loans evidenced deterioration of credit quality since origination and it was probable, at acquisition, that all contractually required payments would not be collected. The carrying amount of these loans is included in the consolidated balance sheet amounts for Loans. The Company had no PCI loans prior to the First Clover Leaf acquisition. The amount of these loans at December 31, 2019 and 2018 are as follows (in thousands):

	December 31, 2019			December 31, 2018
Construction and land development	$	256		$	872
1-4 Family residential properties	371			206
Multifamily residential properties	2,077			891
Commercial real estate	2,247			946
Loans secured by real estate	4,951			2,915
Agricultural loans	—			4
Commercial and industrial loans	—			15
Consumer loans	—			3
Carrying amount	4,951			2,937
Allowance for loan losses	(365		)	(1,235		)
Carrying amount, net of allowance	$	4,586		$	1,702

As of November 15, 2018, the Soy Capital acquisition date, the principal outstanding of PCI loans totaled $3,282,000 and the fair value of the PCI loans totaled $2,594,000. As of May 1, 2018, the First Bank acquisition date, the principal outstanding of PCI loans totaled $20,357,000 and the fair value of PCI loans totaled $16,126,000. For PCI loans, the difference between contractually required payments at acquisition and the cash flow expected to collected is referred to as the non-accretable difference. Any excess of expected cash flows over the fair value is referred to as the accretable yield. As of December 31, 2018, approximately $910,000 was accreted on the PCI loans acquired due to paydowns on these loans. Subsequent decreases to the expected cash flows will result in a provision for loan and lease losses. Subsequent increases in expected cash flows will result in a reversal of the provision for loan and lease losses to the extent of prior charges and then an adjustment to accretable yield, which would have a positive impact on interest income.

As of December 31, 2019, subsequent changes in expected cash flows resulted in approximately $365,000 of provision recorded and approximately $1,229,000 provision reversed. As of December 31, 2018, subsequent changes in expected cash flows resulted in approximately $1,235,000 of provision recorded and approximately $65,000 of provision reversed.

The PCI loans acquired during the twelve months ended December 31, 2018 for which it was probable that all contractually required payments would not be collected were as follows (in thousands):

	First Bank			Soy Capital
Contractually required payments	$	20,357		$	3,282
Non-accretable difference	(4,231		)	(688		)
Cash flows expected to be collected at acquisition	16,126			2,594
Accretable yield	—			—
Fair value of acquired loans at acquisition	$	16,126		$	2,594

Income would not be recognized on certain PCI loans if cash flows could not be reasonably estimated. The Company had no purchased loans for which it could not reasonably estimate cash flows to be collected.

Troubled Debt Restructuring

The balance of troubled debt restructurings ("TDRs") at December 31, 2019 and 2018 was $5,803,000 and $9,956,000, respectively.  Approximately $381,000 and $1,418,000 in specific reserves were established with respect to these loans as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. As troubled debt restructurings, these loans are included in nonperforming loans and are classified as impaired which requires that they be individually measured for impairment. The modification of the terms of these loans included one or a combination of the following: a reduction of stated interest rate of the loan; an extension of the maturity date and change in payment terms; or a permanent reduction of the recorded investment in the loan.

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The following table presents the Company’s recorded balance of troubled debt restructurings at December 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands).

Troubled debt restructurings:	2019				2018
Construction and land development	$	—			$	—
1-4 Family residential properties	1,905				2,472
Multifamily residential properties	—				—
Commercial real estate	1,746				1,706
Loans secured by real estate	3,651				4,178
Agricultural loans	669				499
Commercial and industrial loans	1,349				5,112
Consumer Loans	134				167
Total	$	5,803			$	9,956
Performing troubled debt restructurings:
Construction and Land Development	$	—			$	—
1-4 Family residential properties	1,382				1769
Multifamily residential properties	—				—
Commercial real estate	1,146				676
Loans secured by real estate	2,528				2,445
Agricultural Loans	40				—
Commercial and industrial loans	128				—
Consumer Loans	5				6
Total	$	2,701			$	2,451

The following table presents loans modified as TDRs during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 as a result of various modified loan factors (in thousands):

	December 31, 2019									December 31, 2018
	Number of Modifications			Recorded Investment				Type of Modifications		Number of Modifications			Recorded Investment				Type of Modifications
1-4 Family residential properties	3			131				(a)(b)(c)		16			688				(b)(c)
Commercial real estate	3			1,507				(b)(d)		2			479				(b)(d)
Loans secured by real estate	6			1,638						18			1,167
Agricultural Loans	1			40						—			—
Commercial and industrial loans	5			127				(b)(c)		2			67				(b)(c)
Consumer Loans	1			11				(c)		3			28				(b)(c)
Total	13			$	1,816					23			$	1,262

Type of modifications:

(a) Reduction of stated interest rate of loan

(b) Change in payment terms

(c) Extension of maturity date

(d) Permanent reduction of the recorded investment

A loan is considered to be in payment default once it is ninety days past due under the modified terms.  There were no loans modified as troubled debt restructurings during the prior twelve months that experienced defaults for year ended December 31, 2019 and there was one loan modified as a troubled debt restructuring during the prior twelve months that experienced a default during the year ended December 31, 2018.

At December 31, 2019 and 2018, the balance of real estate owned includes $3,644,000 and $2,534,000, respectively of foreclosed real estate properties recorded as a result of obtaining physical possession of the property. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, the recorded investment of consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceeds are in process was $667,000 and $425,000.

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Note 6 -- Premises and Equipment, Net

Premises and equipment at December 31, 2019 and 2018 consisted of (in thousands):

		2019				2018
Land		$	14,734			$	14,734
Buildings and improvements		52,542				52,129
Furniture and equipment		22,051				19,718
Leasehold improvements		3,582				3,580
Construction in progress		797				321
Subtotal		93,706				90,482
Accumulated depreciation and amortization		34,215				31,365
Total		$	59,491			$	59,117

Depreciation and amortization expense was $3.6 million, $3.0 million and $2.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Note 7 -- Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The Company has goodwill from business combinations, intangible assets from branch acquisitions, identifiable intangible assets assigned to core deposit relationships and customer lists of business lines acquired.  The following table presents gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization by major intangible asset class as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands):

		2019								2018
		Gross Carrying Value				Accumulated Amortization				Gross Carrying Value				Accumulated Amortization
Goodwill not subject to amortization		$	108,752			$	3,760			$	109,037			$	3,760
Intangibles from branch acquisition		3,015				3,015				3,015				3,015
Core deposit intangibles		32,355				17,746				32,355				14,017
Customer list intangibles		16,129				3,917				16,029				2,648
		$	160,251			$	28,438			$	160,436			$	23,440

Goodwill of $26.5 million was recorded for the acquisition and merger of First Bank during the second quarter of 2018. All of the goodwill was assigned to the banking segment of the Company. The Company expects this goodwill will not be deductible for tax purposes.

The following table provides a reconciliation of the purchase price paid for First Bank and the amount of goodwill recorded (in thousands):

Unallocated purchase price					$	26,946
Less purchase accounting adjustments:
Fair value of securities		320
Fair value of loans		3,463
Fair value of OREO		12
Fair value of mortgage servicing rights		(1,097	)
Fair value of premises and equipment		689
Fair value of time deposits		1,301
Fair value of FHLB advances		(328	)
Fair value of subordinated debentures		(1,451	)
Core deposit intangible		(5,224	)
Other assets and other liabilities		1,860
					(455		)
Resulting goodwill from acquisition					$	26,491

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Goodwill of $18.4 million was recorded for the acquisition and merger of Soy Capital during the fourth quarter of 2018. All of the goodwill was assigned to the banking segment of the Company. The Company expects this goodwill will not be deductible for tax purposes. The following table provides a reconciliation of the purchase price paid for the acquisition of Soy Capital and the amount of goodwill recorded (in thousands):

Unallocated purchase price					$	21,694
Less purchase accounting adjustments:
Fair value of securities		41
Fair value of loans		3,377
Fair value of OREO		345
Fair value of premises and equipment		(953	)
Fair value of time deposits		(343	)
Fair value of FHLB advances		(29	)
Core deposit intangible		(7,269	)
Customer list intangibles		(12,298	)
Other assets and other liabilities		13,786
					$	(3,343	)
Resulting goodwill from acquisition					$	18,351

As part of the acquisition of First Bank acquisition, the Company acquired mortgage servicing rights valued at $1,558,000. There were no mortgage service rights added during 2019. The unpaid principal balances of mortgage loans serviced for others were $186.2 million and $207.7 million at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The following table summarizes the activity pertaining to the mortgage servicing rights included in intangible assets as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands):

	December 31, 2019				December 31, 2018
Beginning Balance	2,101				844
Acquired Balance	—				1,558
Mortgage Servicing rights capitalized	—				7
Valuation reserve	(380		)		—
Mortgage Servicing rights amortized	(411		)		(308		)
I/O strip	134				—
Ending Balance	$	1,444			$	2,101

Total amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 was as follows (in thousands):

		2019				2018				2017
Core deposit intangibles		3,729				2,544				1,829
Customer list intangibles		1,269				363				183
Mortgage Servicing Rights		850				308				141
		$	5,848			$	3,215			$	2,153

Estimated amortization expense for each of the five succeeding years is shown in the table below (in thousands):

For year ended 12/31/20	$	4,917
For year ended 12/31/21	4,253
For year ended 12/31/22	3,829
For year ended 12/31/23	3,516
For year ended 12/31/24	2,977

In accordance with the provisions of SFAS 142,”Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” codified in ASC 350, the Company performed testing of goodwill for impairment as of September 30, 2019 and 2018, and determined, as of each of these dates, that goodwill was not impaired.  Management also concluded that the remaining amounts and amortization periods were appropriate for all intangible assets The weighted average amortization period for core deposit, customer lists and total intangibles was 3.58, 5.27 and 4.33, respectively, at December 31, 2019.

Note 8 -- Deposits

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As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, deposits consisted of the following (in thousands):

		2019				2018
Demand deposits:
Non-interest bearing		$	633,331			$	575,784
Interest-bearing		850,956				903,426
Savings		428,778				432,319
Money market		419,801				485,388
Time deposits		584,500				591,769
Total deposits		$	2,917,366			$	2,988,686

Total interest expense on deposits for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 was as follows (in thousands):

		2019				2018				2017
Interest-bearing demand		$	2,741			$	1,158			$	588
Savings		590				579				486
Money market		3,742				2,135				1,224
Time deposits		11,866				4,699				1,697
Total		$	18,939			$	8,571			$	3,995

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the aggregate amount of time deposits in denominations of more than $250,000 was as follows (in thousands):

		2019				2018				2017
Time deposit balances in denominations of more than $250,000		$	107,285			$	87,517			$	52,598

The following table shows the amount of maturities for all time deposits as of December 31, 2019 (in thousands):

Less than 1 year	$	406,854
1 year to 2 years	114,699
2 years to 3 years	33,460
3 years to 4 years	16,207
4 years to 5 years	13,196
Over 5 years	84
Total	$	584,500

In 2019 the Company maintained account relationships with various public entities throughout its market areas. These public entities had total balances of approximately $87.6 million and $94.8 million in various checking accounts and time deposits as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. These balances are subject to change depending upon the cash flow needs of the public entity.

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Note 9 -- Repurchase Agreements and Other Borrowings

As of December 31, 2019 and 2018 borrowings consisted of the following (in thousands):

		2019				2018
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase		$	208,109			$	192,330
Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) Fixed-term advances		$113,895				$119,745
Subordinated debentures		$18,858				$29,000
Other borrowings:
Federal funds purchased		$5,000				$0
Due after one year		$0				$7,724
Total		$	345,862			$	348,799

Aggregate annual maturities of FHLB advances and subordinated debentures (excluding unamortized discounts and premiums) at December 31, 2019 are (in thousands):

	FHLB				Subordinated Debentures
2020	$	39,000			$	—
2021	15,000				—
2022	5,000				—
2023	5,000				—
2024	10,000				—
Thereafter	40,000				20,620
	114,000				20,620
Unamortized discount	(105		)		(1,762		)
	$	113,895			$	18,858

FHLB advances represent borrowings by First Mid Bank to fund loan demand.  At December 31, 2019 the advances totaling $114 million were as follows:

•	$4 million advance with a 3-year maturity, at 2.40%, due January 9, 2020

•	$5 million advance with a 2.5-year maturity, at 1.67%, due January 31, 2020

•	$5 million advance with a 4-year maturity, at 1.79%, due April 13, 2020

•	$10 million advance with a 1.5 year maturity at 2.95%, due May 29, 2020

•	$5 million advance with a 2-year maturity, at 2.75%, due June 26, 2020

•	$5 million advance with a 3-year maturity, at 1.75%, due July 31, 2020

•	$5 million advance with a 6-year maturity, at 2.30%, due August 24, 2020

•	$5 million advance with a 3.5-year maturity, at 1.83%, due February 1, 2021

•	$5 million advance with a 5-year maturity, at 1.85%, due April 12, 2021

•	$5 million advance with a 7-year maturity, at 2.55%, due October 1, 2021

•	$5 million advance with a 5-year maturity, at 2.71%, due March 21, 2022

•	$5 million advance with a 8-year maturity, at 2.40%, due January 9, 2023

•	$10 million advance with a 4-year maturity at 1.45%, due December 31, 2024

•	$5 million advance with a 10-year maturity at 1.14%, due October 3, 2029

•	$5 million advance with a 10-year maturity at 1.15%, due October 3, 2029

•	$5 million advance with a 10-year maturity at 1.12%, due October 3, 2029

•	$10 million advance with a 10-year maturity at 1.39%, due December 31, 2029

•	$15 million advance with a 10-year maturity at 1.41%, due December 31, 2029

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Securities sold under agreements to repurchase were $208.1 million at December 31, 2019, an increase of $16 million from $192.3 million at December 31, 2018 primarily due to addition of accounts acquired from Soy Capital. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase have overnight maturities and a weighted average rate of .42%.

(in thousands)		2019				2018				2017
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase:
Maximum outstanding at any month-end		$	208,109			$	192,330			$	163,626
Average amount outstanding for the year		169,437				140,622				144,674

The right of setoff for a repurchase agreement resembles a secured borrowing, whereby the collateral pledged by the Company would be used to settle the fair value of the repurchase agreement should the Company be in default (e.g., declare bankruptcy), the Company could cancel the repurchase agreement (i.e., cease payment of principal and interest), and attempt collection on the amount of collateral value in excess of the repurchase agreement fair value.

The collateral is held by a third party financial institution in the counterparty's custodial account. The counterparty has the right to sell or repledge the investment securities. For government entity repurchase agreements, the collateral is held by the Company in a segregated custodial account under a tri-party agreement. The Company is required by the counterparty to maintain adequate collateral levels. In the event the collateral fair value falls below stipulated levels, the Company will pledge additional securities. The Company closely monitors collateral levels to ensure adequate levels are maintained, while mitigating the potential of over-collateralization in the event of counterparty default.

Repurchase agreements by class of collateral pledged are as follows (in thousands):

		December 31, 2019				December 31, 2018
US Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations & agencies		$	77,333			$	130,893
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		2,375				—
Mortgage-backed securities: GSE: residential		128,401				61,437
Total		$	208,109			$	192,330

At December 31, 2019, there was no outstanding loan balance on the revolving credit agreement with The Northern Trust Company. This loan was renewed on April 12, 2019 for one year as a revolving credit agreement with a maximum available balance of $10 million. The interest rate is floating at 2.25% over the federal funds rate. The loan is secured by all of the stock of First Mid Bank. Management believes that the Company and its subsidiary banks were in compliance with all the existing covenants at December 31, 2019 and 2018.

On February 27, 2004, the Company completed the issuance and sale of $10 million of floating rate trust preferred securities through Trust I, a statutory business trust and wholly-owned unconsolidated subsidiary of the Company, as part of a pooled offering.  On October 7, 2019, these trust preferred securities were redeemed, along with $310,000 in common securities issued by Trust I and held by the Company, as a result of the concurrent redemption of 100% of he Company's junior subordinated debentures due 2034 and held by Trust I, which supported the trust preferred securities.  The redemption price for the junior subordinated debentures was equal to 100% of the principal amount plus accrued interest, if any, up to, but not including, the redemption date of October 7, 2019. The proceeds from the redemption of the junior subordinated debentures were simultaneously applied to redeem all of the outstanding common securities and the outstanding trust preferred securities at a price of 100% of the aggregate liquidation amount of the trust preferred securities plus accumulated but unpaid distributions up to but not including the redemption date. The redemption was made pursuant to the optional redemption provision of the underlying indenture.

On April 26, 2006, the Company completed the issuance and sale of $10 million of fixed/floating rate trust preferred securities through Trust II, a statutory business trust and wholly-owned unconsolidated subsidiary of the Company, as part of a pooled offering.  The Company established Trust II for the purpose of issuing the trust preferred securities. The $10 million in proceeds from the trust preferred issuance and an additional $310,000 for the Company’s investment in common equity of Trust II, a total of $10,310,000, was invested in junior subordinated debentures of the Company.  The underlying junior subordinated debentures issued by the Company to Trust II mature in 2036, bore interest at a fixed rate of 6.98% paid quarterly until June 15, 2011 and then converted to floating rate (LIBOR plus 160 basis points) after June 15, 2011 (3.49% and 4.39% at December 31, 2019 and 2018). The net proceeds to the Company were used for general corporate purposes, including the Company’s acquisition of Mansfield.

On September 8, 2016, the Company assumed the trust preferred securities of Clover Leaf Statutory Trust I (“CLST I”), a statutory business trust that was a wholly owned unconsolidated subsidiary of First Clover Financial. The $4 million of trust preferred securities and an additional $124,000 additional investment in common equity of CLST I, is invested in junior subordinated debentures issued to CLST I. The subordinated debentures mature in 2025, bear interest at three-month LIBOR plus 185 basis points (3.74% and 4.64% at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively) and resets quarterly.

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On May 1, 2018, the Company assumed the trust preferred securities of FBTC Statutory Trust I (“FBTCST I”), a statutory business trust that was a wholly owned unconsolidated subsidiary of First BancTrust Corporation. The $6 million of trust preferred securities and an additional $186,000 additional investment in common equity of FBTCST I is invested in junior subordinated debentures issued to FBTCST I. The subordinated debentures mature in 2035, bear interest at three-month LIBOR plus 170 basis points (3.59% and 4.49% at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively) and resets quarterly.

The trust preferred securities issued by Trust II, CLST I, and FBTCSTI are included as Tier 1 capital of the Company for regulatory capital purposes. On March 1, 2005, the Federal Reserve Board adopted a final rule that allows the continued limited inclusion of trust preferred securities in the calculation of Tier 1 capital for regulatory purposes. The final rule provided a five-year transition period, ending September 30, 2010, for application of the revised quantitative limits. On March 17, 2009, the Federal Reserve Board adopted an additional final rule that delayed the effective date of the new limits on inclusion of trust preferred securities in the calculation of Tier 1 capital until March 31, 2012. The application of the revised quantitative limits did not and is not expected to have a significant impact on its calculation of Tier 1 capital for regulatory purposes or its classification as well-capitalized. The Dodd-Frank Act, signed into law July 21, 2010, removes trust preferred securities as a permitted component of a holding company’s Tier 1 capital after a three-year phase-in period beginning January 1, 2013 for larger holding companies. For holding companies with less than $15 billion in consolidated assets, existing issues of trust preferred securities are grandfathered and not subject to this new restriction. Similarly, the final rule implementing the Basel III reforms allows holding companies with less than $15 billion in consolidated assets as of December 31, 2009 to continue to count toward Tier 1 capital any trust preferred securities issued before May 19, 2010. New issuances of trust preferred securities, however would not count as Tier 1 regulatory capital.

In addition to requirements of the Dodd-Frank Act discussed above, the act also required the federal banking agencies to adopt rules that prohibit banks and their affiliates from engaging in proprietary trading and investing in and sponsoring certain unregistered investment companies (defined as hedge funds and private equity funds). This rule is generally referred to as the “Volcker Rule.” On December 10, 2013, the federal banking agencies issued final rules to implement the prohibitions required by the Volcker Rule. Following the publication of the final rule, and in reaction to concerns in the banking industry regarding the adverse impact the final rule’s treatment of certain collateralized debt instruments has on community banks, the federal banking agencies approved an interim final rule to permit banking entities to retain interests in certain collateralized debt obligations backed primarily by trust preferred securities. Under the interim final rule, the agencies permit the retention of an interest in or sponsorship of covered funds by banking entities under $15 billion in assets if (1) the collateralized debt obligation was established and issued prior to May 19, 2010, (2) the banking entity reasonably believes that the offering proceeds received by the collateralized debt obligation were invested primarily in qualifying trust preferred collateral, and (3) the banking entity’s interests in the collateralized debt obligation was acquired on or prior to December 10, 2013. Although the Volcker Rule impacts many large banking entities, the Company does not currently anticipate that the Volcker Rule will have a material effect on the operations of the Company or First Mid Bank.

Note 10 -- Regulatory Capital

The Company is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies.  Bank holding companies follow minimum regulatory requirements established by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (“Federal Reserve System”), and First Mid Bank follow similar minimum regulatory requirements established for national banks by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (“OCC”).  Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary action by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company’s financial statements.

Quantitative measures established by each regulatory capital standards to ensure capital adequacy require the Company and its subsidiary bank to maintain a minimum capital amounts and ratios (set forth in the table below).  Management believes that, as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company and First Mid Bank all capital adequacy requirements.

As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the most recent notification from the primary regulators categorized First Mid Bank as well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. To be categorized as well capitalized, minimum total risk-based capital, Tier 1 risk-based capital, Common Equity Tier 1 risk-based capital, and Tier 1 leverage ratios must be maintained as set forth in the table below. At December 31, 2019, there were no conditions or events since the most recent notification that management believes have changed this categorization.

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	Actual							Required Minimum For Capital Adequacy Purposes with Capital Buffer						To Be Well-Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
	Amount (in thousands)				Ratio			Amount (in thousands)				Ratio		Amount (in thousands)				Ratio
December 31, 2019
Total Capital (to risk-weighted assets)
Company	$	444,305			15.74	%		$	296,378			>10.50%		N/A				N/A
First Mid Bank	411,196				14.65	%		294,703				>10.50%		$	280,670			> 10.00%
Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets)
Company	417,394				14.79	%		239,925				> 8.50		N/A				N/A
First Mid Bank	384,285				13.69	%		238,569				> 8.50		224,536				> 8.00
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets)
Company	398,536				14.12	%		197,585				> 7.00		N/A				N/A
First Mid Bank	384,285				13.69	%		196,469				> 7.00		182,435				> 6.50
Tier 1 Capital (to average assets)
Company	417,394				11.20	%		149,044				> 4.00		N/A				N/A
First Mid Bank	384,285				10.37	%		148,268				> 4.00		185,335				> 5.00
December 31, 2018
Total Capital (to risk-weighted assets)
Company	$	412,879			13.63	%		$	299,148			> 9.875%		N/A				N/A
First Mid Bank	350,361				12.85	%		269,171				> 9.875		$	272,578			> 10.00%
Soy Capital Bank	45,387				14.33	%		31,283				> 9.875		31,679				> 10.00%
Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets)
Company	386,690				12.76	%		238,561				> 7.875		N/A				N/A
First Mid Bank	324,172				11.89	%		214,655				> 7.875		218,063				> 8.00
Soy Capital Bank	45,387				14.33	%		24,947				> 7.875		25,343				> 8.00
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted assets)
Company	357,690				11.81	%		193,121				> 6.375		N/A				N/A
First Mid Bank	324,172				11.89	%		173,769				> 6.375		177,176				> 6.50
Soy Capital Bank	45,387				14.33	%		20,195				> 6.375		20,591				> 6.50
Tier 1 Capital (to average assets)
Company	386,690				11.15	%		138,765				> 4.00		N/A				N/A
First Mid Bank	324,172				9.92	%		130,716				> 4.00		163,396				> 5.00
Soy Capital Bank	45,387				11.12	%		16,322				> 4.00		20,403				> 5.00

The Company's risk-weighted assets, capital and capital ratios for December 31, 2019 are computed in accordance with Basel III capital rules which were effective January 1, 2015. Prior periods are computed following previous rules. See heading "Basel III" in the Overview section of this report for a more detailed description of Basel III rules. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company and First Mid Bank (and as of December 31, 2018, Soy Capital Bank) had capital ratios above the required minimums for regulatory capital adequacy, and First Mid Bank had capital ratios that qualified it for treatment as well-capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action with respect to banks.

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Note 11 -- Disclosures of Fair Values of Financial Instruments

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.  Fair value measurements must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.  There is a hierarchy of three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1	Valuations for assets and liabilities traded in active exchange markets, such as the New York Stock Exchange.  Valuations are obtained from readily available pricing sources for market transactions involving identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2	Valuations for assets and liabilities traded in less active dealer or broker markets.  Valuations are obtained from third party pricing services for identical or comparable assets or liabilities which use observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in active markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3	Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

Following is a description of the inputs and valuation methodologies used for assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis and recognized in the accompanying balance sheets, as well as the general classification of such assets pursuant to the valuation hierarchy.

Available-for-Sale Securities. The fair value of available-for-sale securities is determined by various valuation methodologies.  Where quoted market prices are available in an active market, securities are classified within Level 1. If quoted market prices are not available, then fair values are estimated by using quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics or independent asset pricing services and pricing models, the inputs of which are market-based or independently sources market parameters, including but not limited to, yield curves, interest rates, volatilities, prepayments, defaults, cumulative loss projections and cash flows.  Such securities are classified in Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy. In certain cases where Level 1 or Level 2 inputs are not available, securities are classified within Level 3 of the hierarchy.

The following table presents the Company’s assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and the level within the fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements fall as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands):

					Fair Value Measurements Using:
	Fair Value				Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)				Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)				Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
December 31, 2019
Available-for-sale securities:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	107,320			$	—			$	107,320			$	—
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	178,433				—				177,460				973
Mortgage-backed securities	396,126				—				396,126				—
Other securities	4,169				219				3,950				—
Total available-for-sale securities	$	686,048			$	219			$	684,856			$	973
December 31, 2018
Available-for-sale securities:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	198,649			$	—			$	198,649			$	—
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	192,579				—				191,612				967
Mortgage-backed securities	298,672				—				298,672				—
Other securities	2,374				364				2,010				—
Total available-for-sale securities	$	692,274			$	364			$	690,943			$	967

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The change in fair value of assets measured on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 is summarized as follows (in thousands):

		Obligations of State and Political Subdivisions								Trust Preferred Securities
		December 31, 2019				December 31, 2018				December 31, 2019				December 31, 2018
Beginning balance		$	967			$	—			$	—			$	2,548
Transfers into Level 3		—				967				—				—
Transfers out of Level 3		—				—				—				—
Total gains or losses
Included in net income		6				—				—				—
Included in other comprehensive income (loss)		—				—				—				18
Purchases, issuances, sales and settlements
Purchases		—				—				—				—
Issuances		—				—				—				—
Sales		—				—				—				(2,522		)
Settlements		—				—				—				(44		)
Ending balance		$	973			$	967			$	—			$	—
Total gains or losses for the period included in net income attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses related to assets and liabilities still held at the reporting date		$	—			$	—			$	—			$	—

Following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis and recognized in the accompanying balance sheets, as well as the general classification of such assets pursuant to the valuation hierarchy.

Impaired Loans (Collateral Dependent)

Loans for which it is probable that the Company will not collect all principal and interest due according to contractual terms are measured for impairment.  Allowable methods for determining the amount of impairment and estimating fair value include using the fair value of the collateral for collateral dependent loans.

If the impaired loan is identified as collateral dependent, then the fair value method of measuring the amount of impairment is utilized. This method requires obtaining a current independent appraisal of the collateral and applying a discount factor to the value. Impaired loans that are collateral dependent are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy when impairment is determined using the fair value method.

Management establishes a specific allowance for loans that have an estimated fair value that is below the carrying value. The total carrying amount of loans for which a change in specific allowance has occurred as of December 31, 2019 was $13,775,000 and a fair value of $12,727,000 resulting in specific loss exposures of $1,047,600. As of December 31, 2018, the total carrying amount of loans for which a change specific allowance has occurred was $19,481,000. These loans had a fair value of $16,437,000 which resulted in specific loss exposures of $3,044,000.

When there is little prospect of collecting principal or interest, loans, or portions of loans, may be charged-off to the allowance for loan losses.  Losses are recognized in the period an obligation becomes uncollectible.  The recognition of a loss does not mean that the loan has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather that it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off the loan even though partial recovery may be affected in the future.

Foreclosed Assets Held For Sale

Other real estate owned acquired through loan foreclosure are initially recorded at fair value less costs to sell when acquired, establishing a new cost basis. The adjustment at the time of foreclosure is recorded through the allowance for loan losses. Due to the subjective nature of establishing the fair value when the asset is acquired, the actual fair value of the other real estate owned or foreclosed asset could differ from the original estimate. If it is determined that fair value declines subsequent to foreclosure, a valuation allowance is recorded through noninterest expense. Operating costs associated with the assets after acquisition are also recorded as noninterest expense. Gains and losses on the disposition of other real estate owned and foreclosed assets are netted and posted to other noninterest expense. The total carrying amount of other real estate owned as of December 31, 2019 was $3,644,000. Other real estate owned included in the total carrying amount and measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the period amounted to $935,000. The total carrying amount of other real estate owned as of December 31, 2018 was $2,534,000. Other real estate owned included in the total carrying amount and measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the period amounted to $836,000.

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Mortgage Servicing Rights

As of December 31, 2019, mortgage servicing rights had a carrying value of $1,690,000 and a fair value of $1,444,000 resulting in a valuation reserve of $245,000. The fair value used to determine the valuation reserve for mortgage servicing rights was estimated using the discounted cash flow models. Due to the nature of the valuation inputs, mortgage servicing rights are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

The following table presents the fair value measurement of assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis and the level within the fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements fall at December 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands):

	Fair Value Measurements Using
	Fair Value				Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)				Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)				Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
December 31, 2019
Impaired loans (collateral dependent)	$	12,727			$	—			$	—			$	12,727
Foreclosed assets held for sale	935				—				—				935
Mortgage servicing rights	1,444,000				—				—				1,444
December 31, 2018
Impaired loans (collateral dependent)	$	16,437			$	—			$	—			$	16,437
Foreclosed assets held for sale	836				—				—				836

Sensitivity of Significant Unobservable Inputs

The following table presents quantitative information about unobservable inputs used in Level 3 fair value measurements other than goodwill at December 31, 2019.

	Fair Value (in thousands)			Valuation Technique		Unobservable Inputs		Range (Weighted Average)
Impaired loans (collateral dependent)	12,727			Third party valuations		Discount to reflect realizable value		0	%	-	40%		(	20	%	)
Foreclosed assets held for sale	935			Third party valuations		Discount to reflect realizable value less estimated selling costs		0	%	-	40%		(	35	%	)
Mortgage servicing rights	1,444			Third party valuations		Discounts to reflect realizable value		9.50	%	-	12.50	%	(	9.7	%	)

The following table presents quantitative information about unobservable inputs used in recurring and nonrecurring Level 3 fair value measurements other than goodwill at December 31, 2018.

	Fair Value (in thousands)				Valuation Technique		Unobservable Inputs		Range (Weighted Average)
Impaired loans (collateral dependent)	16,437				Third party valuations		Discount to reflect realizable value		0%	-	40%	(	20%	)
Foreclosed assets held for sale	$	836			Third party valuations		Discount to reflect realizable value less estimated selling costs		0%	-	40%	(	35%	)

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The following tables present estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments at December 31, 2019 and 2018 in accordance with FAS 107-1 and APB 28-1, codified with ASC 820 (in thousands):

	Carrying Amount				Fair Value				Level 1				Level 2				Level 3
December 31, 2019
Financial Assets
Cash and due from banks	$	84,154			$	84,154			$	84,154			$	—			$	—
Federal funds sold	926				926				926				—				—
Certificates of deposit investments	4,625				4,625				—				4,625				—
Available-for-sale securities	686,048				686,048				219				684,856				973
Held-to-maturity securities	69,542				69,572				—				69,572				—
Loans held for sale	1,820				1,820				—				1,820				—
Loans net of allowance for loan losses	2,666,616				2,622,053				—				—				2,622,053
Interest receivable	15,577				15,577				—				15,577				—
Federal Reserve Bank stock	9,401				9,401				—				9,401				—
Federal Home Loan Bank stock	4,105				4,105				—				4,105				—
Financial Liabilities
Deposits	2,917,336				2,924,144				—				2,332,866				591,278
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	208,109				208,016				—				208,016				—
Interest payable	2,261				2,261				—				2,261				—
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings	113,895				114,510				—				114,510				—
Other borrowings	5,000				5,000				5,000				—				—
Junior subordinated debentures	18,858				15,596				—				15,596				—

December 31, 2018
Financial Assets
Cash and due from banks	$	140,735			$	140,735			$	140,735			$	—			$	—
Federal funds sold	665				665				665				—				—
Certificates of deposit investments	7,569				7,569				—				7,569				—
Available-for-sale securities	692,274				692,274				364				690,943				967
Held-to-maturity securities	69,436				67,909				—				67,909				—
Loans held for sale	1,508				1,508				—				1,508				—
Loans net of allowance for loan losses	2,616,822				2,541,037				—				—				2,541,037
Interest receivable	16,881				16,881				—				16,881				—
Federal Reserve Bank stock	7,390				7,390				—				7,390				—
Federal Home Loan Bank stock	3,095				3,095				—				3,095				—
Financial Liabilities
Deposits	2,988,686				2,991,177				—				2,396,917				594,260
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	192,330				192,179				—				192,179				—
Interest payable	1,758				1,758				—				1,758				—
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings	119,745				119,704				—				119,704				—
Other borrowings	7,724				7,724				—				7,724				—
Junior subordinated debentures	29,000				24,418				—				24,418				—

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Note 12 -- Deferred Compensation Plan

The Company follows the provisions of ASC 710, for purposes of the First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan (“DCP”).  At December 31, 2019, the Company classified the cost basis of its common stock issued and held in trust in connection with the DCP of approximately $3,881,000 as treasury stock.  The Company also classified the cost basis of its related deferred compensation obligation of approximately $3,881,000 as an equity instrument (deferred compensation). The DCP was effective as of June 1984. The purpose of the DCP is to enable directors, advisory directors, and key employees the opportunity to defer a portion of the fees and cash compensation paid by the Company as a means of maximizing the effectiveness and flexibility of compensation arrangements.  The Company invests all participants’ deferrals in shares of common stock. Dividends paid on the shares are credited to participants’ DCP accounts and invested in additional shares.  During 2019 and 2018 the Company issued 11,072 common shares and 9,043 common shares, respectively, pursuant to the DCP.

The Company also maintains deferred compensation arrangements that were acquired in the Soy Capital acquisition.  Individual participants in the agreements are primarily business development employees in the First Mid Insurance and First Mid Wealth Management divisions.  The total liabilities associated with these agreements is included in other liabilities on the Company's consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019.

Note 13 -- Stock Incentive Plan

At the Annual Meeting of Stockholders held April 26, 2017, the stockholders approved the 2017 Stock Incentive Plan ("SI Plan"). The SI Plan was implemented to succeed the Company's 2007 Stock Incentive Plan, which had a ten-year term. The SI Plan is intended to provide a means whereby directors, employees, consultants and advisors of the Company and its Subsidiaries may sustain a sense of proprietorship and personal involvement in the continued development and financial success of the Company and its Subsidiaries, thereby advancing the interests of the Company and its stockholders. Accordingly, directors and selected employees, consultants and advisors may be provided the opportunity to acquire shares of Common Stock of the Company on the terms and conditions established in the SI Plan.

A maximum of 149,983 shares are authorized under the SI Plan. There have been no options awarded since 2008. The Company awarded 26,700, 28,700 and 18,391 (under the 2007 Stock Incentive Plan) shares during 2019, 2018, 2017, respectively as stock and stock unit awards. The fair value of options granted was estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Expected volatility was based on historical volatility of the Company’s stock and other factors.  The Company used historical data to estimate option exercises and employee termination within the valuation model; separate groups of employees who had similar historical exercise behavior were considered separately for valuation purposes.  The expected term of options granted was derived from the output of the option valuation model and represented the period of time that options granted were expected to be outstanding.  The risk-free rate for periods within the contractual life of the option was based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant. There were no options granted during 2019, 2018 or 2017. All previously issued, unexercised options expired on December 16, 2018.

The following table summarizes the compensation cost, net of forfeitures, related to stock-based compensation for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands):

		2019				2018				2017
Stock and stock unit awards:
Pre-tax compensation expense		$	453			$	314			$	954
Income tax benefit		(95		)		(66		)		(334		)
Total share-based compensation expense, net of income taxes		$	358			$	248			$	620

During 2017, the Board changed its award process and subsequently approved the acceleration of the vesting of all remaining outstanding restricted stock units. This resulted in total compensation expense for the year ended December 31, 2017 of approximately $954,000.

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A summary of option activity under the 1997 Stock Incentive Plan as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, and changes during the years then ended is presented below:

		2018
		Shares		Weighted-Average Exercise Price		Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding, beginning of year		10,500		$23.00
Granted		0		0.00
Exercised		(10,500)		23.00
Forfeited or expired		0		0.00
Outstanding, end of year		0		$0.00		0.00		$	—
Exercisable, end of year		0		$0.00		0.00		$	—

The total intrinsic value of options exercised during 2018 was $176,000. There were no stock options for shares of common stock not considered in computing the aggregate intrinsic value of outstanding shares and exercisable shares for 2018 because they were anti-dilutive.

		2017
		Shares		Weighted-Average Exercise Price		Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding, beginning of year		40,500		$24.65
Granted		0		0.00
Exercised		(27,500)		25.42
Forfeited or expired		(2,500)		23.00
Outstanding, end of year		10,500		$23.00		0.96		$	163,170
Exercisable, end of year		10,500		$23.00		0.96		$	163,170

There were no stock options for shares of common stock not considered in computing the aggregate intrinsic value of outstanding shares and exercisable shares for 2017 because they were anti-dilutive.

The following table summarizes non-vested stock and stock unit activity for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017:

		2019						2018						2017
		Shares		Weighted-avg Grant-date Fair Value				Shares		Weighted-avg Grant-date Fair Value				Shares		Weighted-avg Grant-date Fair Value
Nonvested, beginning of year		24,280		$38.92				0		$0.00				32,338		$22.64
Granted		26,700		33.31				28,700		38.92				18,391		30.65
Vested		(13,072)		37.42				(4,420)		38.92				(50,729)		25.54
Forfeited		0		0.00				0		0.00				0		0.00
Nonvested, end of year		37,908		$35.49				24,280		$38.92				0		$0.00
Fair value of shares vested				$	489,110					$	172,026					$	260,483

The fair value of the awards is amortized to compensation expense over the vesting periods of the awards (four years for annual awards and three years for cumulative awards) and is based on the market price of the Company’s common stock at the date of grant multiplied by the number of shares granted that are expected to vest.  As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, there was $1,053,000, $795,000, and $0, respectively, of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock and stock unit awards under the SI Plan.  

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Note 14 -- Retirement Plans

The Company has a defined contribution retirement plan which covers substantially all employees and which provides for a Company contribution equal to 4% of each participant’s compensation and a Company matching contribution of up to 100% of the first 3% and 50% of the next 2% of pre tax contributions made by each participant.  Employee contributions are limited to the 402(g) limit of compensation.  The total expense for the plan amounted to $2,493,000, $1,881,000 and $1,630,000 in 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.  The Company also has two agreements in place to pay $50,000 annually for 20 years from the retirement date to the surviving spouse of a deceased former senior officer of the Company and to a senior officer that retired December 31, 2013.  Total expense under these two agreements amounted to $32,000, $36,000 and $40,000 in 2019, 2018 and 2017 respectively. The current liability recorded for these two agreements was $465,000 and $533,000, as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Note 15 -- Income Taxes

The components of federal and state income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 were as follows (in thousands):

		2019				2018				2017
Current
Federal		$	8,538			$	4,841			$	9,825
State		4,900				2,781				2,719
Total Current		13,438				7,622				12,544
Deferred
Federal		1,368				2,818				2,047
State		517				1,465				451
Total Deferred		1,885				4,283				2,498
Total		$	15,323			$	11,905			$	15,042

Recorded income tax expense differs from the expected tax expense (computed by applying the applicable statutory U.S. federal tax rate of 21% for 2019 and 2018 and 35% for 2017 to income before income taxes).  During 2019, 2018 and 2017, the Company was in a graduated tax rate position.  The principal reasons for the difference are as follows (in thousands):

		2019				2018				2017
Expected income taxes		$	13,286			$	10,186			$	14,604
Effects of:
Tax-exempt income from bank owned life insurance		(563		)		(283		)		(573		)
Other tax exempt income		(1,701		)		(1,598		)		(2,223		)
Nondeductible interest expense		70				43				28
State taxes, net of federal taxes		4,280				3,354				2,062
Other items		116				218				(266		)
Adjustment of deferred tax assets and liabilities for enacted change in tax laws		—				—				1,410
Effect of marginal tax rate		(165		)		(15		)		—
Total		$	15,323			$	11,905			$	15,042

On December 22, 2017, the United States enacted certain tax reforms through the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which changes existing tax laws, most significantly a change in the statutory corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%. As a result of this enactment, the Company incurred additional one-time income tax expense of approximately $1.4 million during the fourth quarter of 2017, primarily due to re-measurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities.

Tax expense recorded by the Company during 2019, 2018 and 2017 did not include any interest or penalties. Tax returns filed with the Internal Revenue Service and Illinois Department of Revenue are subject to review by law under a three-year statute of limitations. The Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal or state income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2016.

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The tax effects of the temporary differences that gave rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities at December 31, 2019 and 2018 are presented below (in thousands):

		2019				2018
Deferred tax assets:
Allowance for loan losses		$	7,512			$	7,251
Available-for-sale investment securities		—				2,644
Deferred compensation		3,487				3,593
Supplemental retirement		133				152
Core deposit premium and other intangible assets		889				657
Stock compensation expense		54				43
Deferred revenue		521				—
Acquisition costs		265				190
Other		749				977
Total gross deferred tax assets		13,610				15,507
Deferred tax liabilities:
Deferred loan costs		13				126
Intangibles amortization		4,584				4,135
Prepaid expenses		754				297
FHLB stock dividend		23				232
Depreciation		2,500				2,149
Deferred revenue		—				81
Purchase accounting		7,906				6,066
Accumulated accretion		304				199
Mortgage servicing rights		411				578
Available-for-sale investment securities		3,415				—
Total gross deferred tax liabilities		19,910				13,863
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)		$	(6,300	)		$	1,644

Net deferred tax assets are recorded in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets, while net deferred tax liabilities are recorded in other liabilities. No valuation allowance related to deferred tax assets was recorded at December 31, 2019 and 2018 as management believes it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be fully realized.

 

Note 16 -- Dividend Restrictions

The National Bank Act imposes limitations on the amount of dividends that may be paid by a national bank, such as First Mid Bank.  Generally, a national bank may pay dividends out of its undivided profits, in such amounts and at such times as the bank’s board of directors deems prudent.  Without prior OCC approval, however, a national bank may not pay dividends in any calendar year which, in the aggregate, exceed the bank’s year-to-date net income plus the bank’s adjusted retained net income for the two preceding years. Factors that could adversely affect First Mid Bank’s net income include other-than-temporary impairment on investment securities that result in credit losses and economic conditions in industries where there are concentrations of loans outstanding that result in impairment of these loans and, consequently loan charges and the need for increased allowances for losses. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors,” Note 4 – “Investment Securities” and Note 5 – “Loans” for a more detailed discussion of the factors.

The payment of dividends by any financial institution or its holding company is affected by the requirement to maintain adequate capital pursuant to applicable capital adequacy guidelines and regulations, and a financial institution generally is prohibited from paying any dividends if, following payment thereof, the institution would be undercapitalized.  As described above, First Mid Bank exceeded their minimum capital requirements under applicable guidelines as of December 31, 2019.  As of December 31, 2019, approximately $36.5 million was available to be paid as dividends to the Company by First Mid Bank.  Notwithstanding the availability of funds for dividends, however, the OCC may prohibit the payment of any dividends by First Mid Bank if the OCC determines that such payment would constitute an unsafe or unsound practice.

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Note 17 -- Commitments and Contingent Liabilities

First Mid Bank enters into financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers.  These financial instruments include lines of credit, letters of credit and other commitments to extend credit.  Each of these instruments involves, to varying degrees, elements of credit, interest rate and liquidity risk in excess of the amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets.  The Company uses the same credit policies and requires similar collateral in approving lines of credit and commitments and issuing letters of credit as it does in making loans. The exposure to credit losses on financial instruments is represented by the contractual amount of these instruments. However, the Company does not anticipate any losses from these instruments.

The off-balance sheet financial instruments whose contract amounts represent credit risk at December 31, 2019 and 2018 were as follows (in thousands):

	2019				2018
Unused commitments and lines of credit:
Commercial real estate	$	122,479			$	102,015
Commercial operating	308,393				298,657
Home equity	38,933				43,026
Other	103,912				110,226
Total	$	573,717			$	553,924
Standby letters of credit	$	11,535			$	10,183

Commitments to originate credit represent approved commercial, residential real estate and home equity loans that generally are expected to be funded within ninety days.  Lines of credit are agreements by which the Company agrees to provide a borrowing accommodation up to a stated amount as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the loan agreement.  Both commitments to originate credit and lines of credit generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since many of the lines and some commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements.

Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the financial performance of customers to third parties.  Standby letters of credit are primarily issued to facilitate trade or support borrowing arrangements and generally expire in one year or less.  The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending credit facilities to customers.  The maximum amount of credit that would be extended under letters of credit is equal to the total off-balance sheet contract amount of such instrument at December 31, 2019 and 2018. The Company's deferred revenue under standby letters of credit was nominal.

The Company is also subject to claims and lawsuits that arise primarily in the ordinary course of business. It is the opinion of management that the disposition of ultimate resolution of such claims and lawsuits will not have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company.

Note 18 -- Related Party Transactions

Certain officers, directors and principal stockholders of the Company and its subsidiaries, their immediate families or their affiliated companies (“related parties”) have loans with one or more of the subsidiaries.  These loans are made in the ordinary course of business on substantially the same terms, including interest and collateral, as those prevailing for comparable transactions with others. Loans to related parties totaled approximately $88,536,000 and $94,006,000 at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  Activity during 2019 and 2018 was as follows (in thousands):

		2019				2018
Beginning balance		$	94,006			$	76,835
New loans		3,693				24,957
Loan repayments		(9,163		)		(7,786		)
Ending balance		$	88,536			$	94,006

Deposits from related parties held by First Mid Bank at December 31, 2019 and 2018 totaled $51,798,000 and $96,624,000, respectively.

Note 19 -- Business Combinations

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SCB Bancorp, Inc.

On June 12, 2018, The Company and Project Almond Merger Sub LLC, a newly formed Illinois limited liability company and wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (“Almond Merger Sub”), entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “SCB Merger Agreement”) with SCB Bancorp, Inc., an Illinois corporation (“SCB”), pursuant to which, among other things, the Company agreed to acquire 100% of the issued and outstanding shares of SCB pursuant to a business combination whereby SCB merged with and into Almond Merger Sub, whereupon the separate corporate existence of SCB ceased and Merger Sub continued as the surviving company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (the “SCB Merger”).

Subject to the terms and conditions of the SCB Merger Agreement, at the effective time of the SCB Merger, each share of common stock, par value $7.50 per share, of SCB issued and outstanding immediately prior to the effective time of the SCB Merger were converted into and became the right to receive, at the election of each stockholder, either $307.93 in cash or 8.0228 shares of common stock, par value $4.00 per share, of the Company and cash in lieu of fractional shares, less any applicable taxes required to be withheld. In addition, immediately prior to the closing of the proposed merger, SCB paid a special dividend to its shareholders in the aggregate amount of approximately $25 million. The SCB Merger was subject to customary closing conditions, including the approval of the appropriate regulatory authorities and of the stockholders of SCB. The SCB Merger was completed November 15, 2018 and an aggregate of 1,330,571 shares of common stock were issued, and approximately $19,046,000 was paid, to the stockholders of SCB, including cash in lieu of fractional shares.

Soy Capital Bank and Trust Company (“Soy Capital Bank”), merged with and into First Mid Bank on April 6, 2019. At the time of the bank merger, Soy Capital Bank’s banking offices became branches of First Mid Bank. As a result of the acquisition, the Company had an opportunity to increase its deposit base and reduce transaction costs. The Company also expected to reduce costs through economies of scale. The acquisition was accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with ASC 805, “Business Combinations ("ASC 805"),” and accordingly the assets and liabilities were recorded at their estimated fair values as of the date of acquisition. Fair values were subject to refinement for up to one year after the closing date of November 15, 2018 as additional information regarding the closing date fair values became available. The total consideration paid was used to determine the amount of goodwill resulted from the transaction. As the total consideration paid exceeded the net assets acquired, goodwill of $18.4 million was recorded for the acquisition. Goodwill recorded in the transaction, which reflects the synergies and economies of scale expected from combining operations and the enhanced revenue opportunities from the Company’s service capabilities, is not tax deductible, and was all assigned to the banking segment of the Company.

The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of the Soy Capital Bank acquisition (in thousands).

		Acquired Book Value				Adjustments				As Recorded by First Mid Bank
Assets
Cash & due from banks		$	65,095			—				$	65,095
Investment Securities		97,545				(41		)		97,504
Loans		255,429				(7,868		)		247,561
Allowance for loan losses		(4,491		)		4,491				—
Other real estate owned		783				(345		)		438
Premises and equipment		10,115				953				11,068
Goodwill		6,745				11,606				18,351
Core deposit intangible		—				7,269				7,269
Other Intangibles		1,228				11,070				12,298
Other assets		24,858				(5,813		)		19,045
Total assets acquired		$	457,307			$	21,322			$	478,629
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Deposits		348,314				(343		)		347,971
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase		21,180				—				21,180
FHLB advances		19,000				(29		)		18,971
Other borrowings		7,724				—				7,724
Other liabilities		15,477				—				15,477
Total liabilities assumed		411,695				(372		)		411,323
Net assets acquired		45,612				21,694				67,306
Consideration Paid
Cash										19,046
Common stock										48,260
Total consideration paid										67,306

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The Company recognized approximately $3.7 million, pre-tax, of acquisition costs for the Soy Capital Bank acquisition. Of this amount approximately, $2.8 million was recognized during 2019. These costs are included in legal and professional and other expense. Of the $7.9 million fair value adjustment to loans, approximately $7.2 million is being accreted to interest income over the remaining term of the loans. The differences between fair value and acquired value of the assumed time deposits of $(343,000) and the assumed FHLB advances of $(29,000), are being amortized to interest expense over the remaining life of the liabilities. The core deposit intangible asset, with a fair value of $7.3 million, will be amortized on an accelerated basis over its estimated life of 10 years. In addition, the Company recorded a $4.2 million intangible asset for the customer list of Soy Bank's Ag services business line and $8.1 million intangible asset for the customer list of Soy Bank's Insurance business line. These intangibles are being amortized over the estimated life of 12 years and 11 years, respectively.

The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information presents the results of operations of the Company, including the effects of the purchase accounting adjustments and acquisition expenses, had the Soy Capital Bank acquisition taken place at the beginning of the period (in thousands, except share data):

		Twelve months ended December 31,
		2018			2017
Net interest income		123,161			105,925
Provision for loan losses		8,667			7,462
Non-interest income		52,257			47,719
Non-interest expense		112,246			100,933
Income before income taxes		54,505			45,249
Income tax expense		12,711			16,352
Net income available to common stockholders		$	41,794		$	28,897
Earnings per share
Basic		$2.67			$2.08
Diluted		$2.67			$2.08
Basic weighted average shares outstanding		15,646,359			13,862,230
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding		15,659,818			13,867,105

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements do not reflect any anticipated cost savings and revenue enhancements. Accordingly, the pro forma results of operations of the Company as of and after the Soy Capital Bank business combination may not be indicative of the results that actually would have occurred if the combination had been in effect during the periods presented or of the results that may be attained in the future.

First BancTrust Corporation

On December 11, 2017, the Company and Project Hawks Merger Sub LLC (formerly known as Project Hawks Merger Sub Corp.), a newly formed Delaware limited liability company and wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (“Hawks Merger Sub”), entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (as amended as of January 18, 2018, the “First Bank Merger Agreement") with First BancTrust Corporation, a Delaware corporation (“First Bank”), pursuant to which, among other things, the Company agreed to acquire 100% of the issued and outstanding shares of First Bank pursuant to a business combination whereby First Bank will merge with and into Hawks Merger Sub, with Hawks Merger Sub as the surviving entity and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (the “First Bank Merger”). At the effective time of the First Bank Merger, each share of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of First Bank issued and outstanding immediately prior to the effective time of the First Bank Merger (other than shares held in treasury by First Bank and shares held by stockholders who had properly made and not withdrawn a demand for appraisal rights under Delaware law) converted into and become the right to receive, (a) $5.00 in cash and (b) 0.800 shares of common stock, par value $4.00 per share, of the Company and cash in lieu of fractional shares, less any applicable taxes required to be withheld and subject to certain adjustments, all as set forth in the First Bank Merger Agreement.

On May 1, 2018, the Company issued an aggregate total of 1,643,900 shares of common stock valued at $37.32 per share and paid approximately $10,275,000, including cash in lieu of fractional shares. First Bank’s wholly-owned bank subsidiary, First Bank & Trust, IL (“First Bank & Trust”), merged with and into First Mid Bank on August 10, 2018. At the time of the bank merger, First Bank & Trust’s banking offices became branches of First Mid Bank. As a result of the acquisition, the Company had an opportunity to increase its deposit base and reduce transaction costs. The Company also expected to reduce costs through economies of scale.

The acquisition was accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with ASC 805, “Business Combinations ("ASC 805"),” and accordingly the assets and liabilities were recorded at their estimated fair values as of the date of acquisition. Fair values were subject to refinement for up to one year after the closing date of May 1, 2018 as additional information regarding the closing date fair values become available. The total consideration paid was used to determine the amount of goodwill resulting from the transaction. As the total consideration paid exceeded the net assets acquired, goodwill of $26.5 million was recorded for the acquisition. Goodwill recorded in the transaction, which reflects the synergies and economies of scale expected from combining operations and the enhanced revenue opportunities from the Company’s service capabilities, is not tax deductible, and was all assigned to the banking segment of the Company.

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The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of the First Bank acquisition (in thousands).

	Acquired Book Value			Adjustments			As Recorded by First Bank & Trust
Assets
Cash & due from banks	$	20,598					$	20,598
Investment Securities	59,906			(320		)	59,586
Loans	371,156			(7,875		)	363,281
Allowance for loan losses	(4,412		)	4,412			—
Other real estate owned	547			(12		)	535
Premises and equipment	10,126			(689		)	9,437
Goodwill	543			25,948			26,491
Core deposit intangible	—			5,224			5,224
Other assets	16,389			(256		)	16,133
Total assets acquired	$	474,853		$	26,432		$	501,285
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Deposits	$	384,323		$	1,301		$	385,624
FHLB advances	31,000			(328		)	30,672
Subordinated debentures	6,186			(1,451		)	4,735
Other liabilities	8,665			(36		)	8,629
Total liabilities assumed	430,174			(514		)	429,660
Net assets acquired	$	44,679		$	26,946		$	71,625
Consideration Paid
Cash							$	10,275
Common stock							61,350
Total consideration paid							$	71,625

The Company recognized approximately $5.2 million, pre-tax, of acquisition costs for the First Bank acquisition. Of this amount, $191,000 was recognized during 2019. These costs are included in legal and professional and other expense. Of the $7.9 million fair value adjustment to loans, approximately $3.6 million is being accreted to interest income over the remaining term of the loans. The differences between fair value and acquired value of the assumed time deposits of $1.3 million, of the assumed FHLB advances of $(328,000) and of the assumed subordinated debentures of $1.5 million, are being amortized to interest expense over the remaining life of the liabilities. The core deposit intangible asset, with a fair value of $5.2 million, will be amortized on an accelerated basis over its estimated life of 10 years.

The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information presents the results of operations of the Company, including the effects of the purchase accounting adjustments and acquisition expenses, had the First Bank acquisition taken place at the beginning of the period (in thousands, except share data):

		Twelve months ended December 31,
		2018				2017
Net interest income		117,450				110,990
Provision for loan losses		8,867				8,365
Non-interest income		36,526				34,060
Non-interest expense		94,464				94,843
Income before income taxes		50,645				41,842
Income tax expense		12,456				15,849
Net income available to common stockholders		$	38,189			$	25,993
Earnings per share
Basic		$2.60				$1.83
Diluted		$2.59				$1.83
Basic weighted average shares outstanding		14,704,888				14,175,559
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding		14,721,708				14,180,434

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements do not reflect any anticipated cost savings and revenue enhancements. Accordingly, the pro forma results of operations of the Company as of and after the First Bank business combination may not be indicative of the results that actually would have occurred if the combination had been in effect during the periods presented or of the results that may be attained in the future.

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Note 20 -- Leases

Effective January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASU 2016-02 Leases (Topic 842). As of December 31, 2019, substantially all of the Company's leases are opertating leases for real estate property bank branches, ATM locations, and office space. These leases are generally for periods of 1 to 25 years with various renewal options. The Company elected the optional transition method permitted by Topic 842. Under this method, an entity recognizes and measures leases that exist at the application date and prior comparative periods are not adjusted. In addition, the Company elected the package of practical expedients:

1.	An entity need not reassess whether any expired or existing contracts contain leases.

2.	An entity need not reassess the lease classification for any expired or existing leases.

3.	An entity need to reassess initial direct costs for any existing leases.

The Company also elected the practical expedient, which may be elected separately or in conjunction with the package noted above, to use hindsight in determining the lease term and in assessing the right-of-use assets. This expedient must be applied consistently to all leases. Lastly, the Company has elected to use the practical expedient to include both lease and non-lease components as a single component and account for it as a lease. In addition, the Company has elected not to include short-term leases (i.e. leases with terms of twelve months or less) or equipment leases (primarily copiers) deemed immaterial, on the consolidated balance sheets.

For leases in effect at January 1, 2019 and for leases commencing thereafter, the Company recognizes a lease liability and a right-of-use asset, based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The discount rate used in determining the present value was the Company's incremental borrowing rate which is the FHLB fixed advance rate based on the remaining lease term as of January 1, 2019, or the commencement date for leases subsequently entered into. The following table contains supplemental balance sheet information related to leases (dollars in thousands):

	December 31, 2019
Operating lease right-of-use assets	17,006,000
Operating lease liabilities	17,007
Weighted-average remaining lease term	7.3 years
Weighted-average discount rate	3.07	%

Certain of the Company's leases contain options to renew the lease; however, not all renewal options are included in the calculation of lease liabilities as they are not reasonably certain to be exercised. The Company's lease do not contain residual value guarantees or material variable lease payments. The Company does not have any other material restrictions or covenants imposed by leases that would impact the Company's ability to pay dividends or cause the Company to incur additional financial obligations.  Future minimum lease payments under operating leases are (in thousands):

	Operating Leases
2020	$	2,462
2021	2,432
2022	2,159
2023	1,893
2024	1,523
Thereafter	9,360
Total minimum lease payments	19,829
Less imputed interest	(2,822		)
Total lease liability	$	17,007

The components of lease expense for the twelve months ended December 31, 2019 were as follows (in thousands):

		Twelve months ended December 31,
		2019
Operating lease cost		$	2,470
Short-term lease cost		262
Variable lease cost		918
Total lease cost		3,650
Income from subleases		(842		)
Net lease cost		$	2,808

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As the Company elected not to separate lease and non-lease components, the variable lease cost primarily represents variable payment such as common area maintenance and copier expense. The Company does not have any material sub-lease agreements. Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities was (in thousands):

	2019
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	2,680

Note 21 -- Derivatives

The Company utilizes interest rate swaps, designated as fair value hedges, to mitigate the risk of changing interest rates on the fair value of fixed rate loans. For derivative instruments that are designed and qualify as a fair value hedge, the gain or loss on the derivative instrument, as well as the offsetting loss or gain in the hedged asset attributable to the hedged risk, is recognized in current earnings.

A summary of the Company's fair value hedges as of December 31, 2019 is as follows (in thousands):

December 31, 2019

Derivative

Balance Sheet Location

Weighted Average Remaining Maturity (Years)

Pay Rate

Received Rate Range

Notional Amount

Estimated Value

Interest rate swap agreements

Other liabilities

9.3

4.21

%

1 month LIBOR + 201.9 bps to 1 month LIBOR + 231.5 bps

$

14,748

$

325

The effects of fair value hedges on the Company's income statement during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019 were as follows (in thousands):

								Twelve months ended December 31,
Derivative		Location of Gain (Loss) on Derivative						2019
Interest rate swap agreements		Interest income on loans						$	(325	)
								Twelve months ended December 31,
Derivative		Location of Gain (Loss) on Hedged Items						2019
Interest rate swap agreements		Interest income on loans						$	325

As of December 31, 2019, the following amounts were recorded on the balance sheet related to the cumulative basis adjustment for fair value hedges (in thousands):

Line Item in the Balance Sheet in Which the Hedge Items are Included

Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets

Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustments Included in the Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets

Loans

$14,423

$325

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Note 22 -- Parent Company Only Financial Statements

Presented below are condensed balance sheets, statements of income and cash flows for the Company (in thousands):

First Mid Bancshares, Inc. (Parent Company)
Balance Sheets		December 31,
		2019				2018
Assets
Cash		$	13,792			$	18,571
Premises and equipment, net		3,564				3,127
Investment in subsidiaries		525,418				498,544
Other assets		4,529				4,637
Total Assets		$	547,303			$	524,879
Liabilities and Stockholders’ equity
Liabilities
Debt		18,858				29,000
Other liabilities		1,836				20,015
Total Liabilities		20,694				49,015
Stockholders’ equity		526,609				475,864
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ equity		$	547,303			$	524,879

First Mid Bancshares, Inc. (Parent Company)
Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income		Years ended December 31,
		2019				2018				2017
Income:
Dividends from subsidiaries		$	38,688			$	21,694			$	18,925
Other income		12				171				1,227
Total income		38,700				21,865				20,152
Operating expenses		4,492				5,424				3,902
Income before income taxes and equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries		34,208				16,441				16,250
Income tax benefit		1,256				1,274				864
Income before equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries		35,464				17,715				17,114
Equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries		12,479				18,885				9,570
Net income		47,943				36,600				26,684
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes		14,833				(4,169		)		3,525
Comprehensive income		$	62,776			$	32,431			$	30,209

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First Mid Bancshares, Inc. (Parent Company)
Statements of Cash Flows		Years ended December 31,
		2019				2018				2017
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income		$	47,943			$	36,600			$	26,684
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net
cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, amortization, accretion, net		125				90				82
Dividends received from subsidiary		38,688				21,694				18,925
Equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries		(12,479		)		(18,885		)		(9,570		)
Increase in other assets		(39,042		)		(1,645		)		(19,348		)
Increase in other liabilities		(17,104		)		79				733
Net cash provided by operating activities		18,131				37,933				17,506
Cash flows from investing activities:
Investment in subsidiary		(343		)		(13,430		)		—
Net cash from business acquisition		310				(29,321		)		—
Net cash used in investing activities		(33		)		(42,751		)		—
Cash flows from financing activities:
Repayment of short-term debt		—				—				(4,000		)
Repayment of long-term debt		(10,310		)		(10,313		)		(3,750		)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock		589				36,645				4,399
Payment to repurchase common stock		(1,293		)		(138		)		(797		)
Direct expense related to capital transactions		—				(2,309		)		(216		)
Dividends paid on common stock		(11,863		)		(8,792		)		(7,228		)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		(22,877		)		15,093				(11,592		)
Increase (decrease) in cash		(4,779		)		10,275				5,914
Cash at beginning of year		18,571				8,296				2,382
Cash at end of year		$	13,792			$	18,571			$	8,296

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Note 23 -- Quarterly Financial Data - Unaudited

The following table presents summarized quarterly data for each of the two years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands):

		Quarters ended in 2019
		March 31				June 30				September 30				December 31
Selected operations data:
Interest income		$	38,051			$	37,571			$	37,578			$	36,521
Interest expense		5,799				6,258				6,453				5,537
Net interest income		32,252				31,313				31,125				30,984
Provision for loan losses		947				91				2,658				2,737
Net interest income after provision for loan losses		31,305				31,222				28,467				28,247
Other income		14,639				13,588				12,917				14,873
Other expense		28,310				30,187				25,894				27,601
Income before income taxes		17,634				14,623				15,490				15,519
Income taxes		4,318				3,642				3,820				3,543
Net income		$	13,316			$	10,981			$	11,670			$	11,976
Basic earnings per common share		$0.80				$0.66				$0.70				$0.72
Diluted earnings per common share		0.80				0.66				0.70				0.72

		Quarters ended in 2018
		March 31				June 30				September 30				December 31
Selected operations data:
Interest income		$	25,158			$	30,131			$	33,488			$	35,788
Interest expense		1,963				2,677				3,401				4,786
Net interest income		23,195				27,454				30,087				31,002
Provision for loan losses		1,055				1,877				2,551				3,184
Net interest income after provision for loan losses		22,140				25,577				27,536				27,818
Other income		7,487				8,361				7,919				11,647
Other expense		18,374				20,796				24,490				26,320
Income before income taxes		11,253				13,142				10,965				13,145
Income taxes		2,863				3,105				2,731				3,206
Net income		$	8,390			$	10,037			$	8,234			$	9,939
Basic earnings per common share		$	0.66			$	0.72			$	0.54			$	0.62
Diluted earnings per common share		0.66				0.72				0.54				0.62

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Audit Committee, Board of Directors and Stockholders

First Mid Bancshares, Inc.

Mattoon, Illinois

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of First Mid Bancshares, Inc. (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2019, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2019, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) and our report dated March 6, 2020, expressed an unqualified opinion.

Basis for Opinion

The financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits.

We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures include examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Emphasis of Matter

As discussed in Note 20 to the financial statements, the Company has changed its method of accounting for leases in 2019 due to the adoption of Topic 842.

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2005.

Decatur, Illinois

March 6, 2020

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ITEM 9.	CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

ITEM 9A.	CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company’s management carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the chief executive officer and the chief financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) as of December 31, 2019.  Based upon that evaluation, the chief executive officer along with the chief financial officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2019, were effective.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

The Company’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the Company. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed under the supervision of the Company’s chief executive officer and chief financial officer to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of the Company’s financial statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

Management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019 based on the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”) in “Internal Control—Integrated Framework (2013).”  

Based on the assessment, management determined that, as of December 31, 2019, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective, based on those criteria.  Management’s assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019 has been audited by BKD, LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report following.

March 6, 2020

Joseph R. Dively

President and Chief Executive Officer

Matthew K. Smith

Chief Financial Officer

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Company’s fourth fiscal quarter of 2019 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Audit Committee, Board of Directors and Stockholders

First Mid Bancshares, Inc.

Mattoon, Illinois

Opinion on the Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited First Mid Bancshares, Inc.’s (the “Company”) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework: (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework: (2013) issued by COSO.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”), the consolidated financial statements of the Company and our report dated March 6, 2020 expressed an unqualified opinion.

Basis for Opinion

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s report. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definitions and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Decatur, Illinois

March 6, 2020

99

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ITEM 9B.	OTHER INFORMATION

None.

PART III

ITEM 10.	DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The information called for by Item 10 with respect to directors and director nominees is incorporated by reference to the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2020 Annual Meeting of the Company’s shareholders under the captions “Proposal 1 – Election of Directors,” “Corporate Governance Matters” and “Section 16 – Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance.”

The information called for by Item 10 with respect to executive officers is incorporated by reference to Part I hereof under the caption “Supplemental Item – Executive Officers of the Company” and to the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2020 Annual Meeting of the Company’s shareholders under the caption “Section 16 – Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance.”

The information called for by Item 10 with respect to audit committee financial expert is incorporated by reference to the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2020 Annual Meeting of the Company’s shareholders under the captions “Audit Committee” and “Report of the Audit Committee to the Board of Directors.”

The information called for by Item 10 with respect to corporate governance is incorporated by reference to the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2020 Annual Meeting of the Company’s shareholders under the caption “Corporate Governance Matters.”

The Company has adopted a code of conduct for directors, officers, and employees including senior financial management of the Company.  This code of conduct is posted on the Company’s website.  In the event that the Company amends or waives any provisions of this code of conduct, the Company intends to disclose the same on its website at www.firstmid.com.

ITEM 11.	EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The information called for by Item 11 is incorporated by reference to the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2020 Annual Meeting of the Company’s shareholders under the captions “Executive Compensation,” “Non-qualified Deferred Compensation,” "Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control of the Company,” “Director Compensation,” "Corporate Governance Matters – Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation,” and “Compensation Committee Report.”

ITEM 12.  SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

The information called for by Item 12 with respect to equity compensation plans is provided in the table below.

		Equity Compensation Plan Information
Plan category		Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options (a)				Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options (b)					Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (c)
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders:
(A) Deferred Compensation Plan		—				—					328,156		(1)
(B) Stock Incentive Plan		—		(2)		$	—		(3)		107,491		(2)
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders (3)		—				—					—
Total		—				$	—				435,647

(1)	Consists of shares issuable with respect to participant deferral contributions invested in common stock.

(2)	Consists of restricted stock and/or restricted stock units.

(3)	The Company does not maintain any equity compensation plans not approved by stockholders.

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The Company’s equity compensation plans approved by security holders consist of the Deferred Compensation Plan and the Stock Incentive Plan.  Additional information regarding each plan is available in “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Stock Plans” and Note 13 – Stock Incentive Plan herein.

The information called for by Item 12 with respect to security ownership is incorporated by reference to the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2020 Annual Meeting of the Company’s shareholders under the caption “Voting Securities and Principal Holders Thereof.”

ITEM 13.	CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

The information called for by Item 13 is incorporated by reference to the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2020 Annual Meeting of the Company’s shareholders under the captions “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” and “Corporate Governance Matters – Board of Directors.”

ITEM 14.	PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

The information called for by Item 14 is incorporated by reference to the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2020 Annual Meeting of the Company’s shareholders under the caption “Fees of Independent Auditors.”

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PART IV

ITEM 15.	EXHIBIT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(a)(1) and (2) -- Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedules

The following consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedules of the Company are filed as part of this document under Item 8.

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data:

•	Consolidated Balance Sheets -- December 31, 2019 and 2018

•	Consolidated Statements of Income -- For the Years Ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017

•	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income -- For the Years Ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017

•	Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity -- For the Years Ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017

•	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows -- For the Years Ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

FIRST MID BANCSHARES, INC.

(Registrant)

Date:  March 6, 2020

Joseph R. Dively

President and Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below on the 6th day of March 2020, by the following persons on behalf of the Company and in the capacities listed.

 

Signature and Title

Joseph R. Dively, Chairman of the Board,

President and Chief Executive Officer and Director

(Principal Executive Officer)

 

Matthew K. Smith, Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

Holly A. Bailey, Director

Robert Cook, Director

Steven L. Grissom, Director

Gary W. Melvin, Director

Zachary Horn, Director

  

Ray A. Sparks, Director

Mary J. Westerhold, Director

James Zimmer, Director

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	Exhibit Index to Annual Report on Form 10-K
Exhibit Number	Description and Filing or Incorporation Reference
2.3	Agreement and Plan of Merger by and between First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc. and Project Hawks Merger Sub LLC and First BancTrust Corporation, dated December 11, 2017                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed December 12, 2017.
2.4	First Amendment to Agreement and Plan of Merger by and between First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc. and Project Hawks Merger Sub LLC and First BancTrust Corporation, dated January 18, 2018                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 19, 2018.
2.5	Agreement and Plan of Merger by and between First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc. and Project Almond Merger Sub LLC and SCB Bancorp, Inc, dated June 12, 2018 Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 12, 2018.
3.1	Restated Certificate of Incorporation of First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 26, 2019.
3.2	Amended and Restated Bylaws of First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 26, 2019.
4.1	The Registrant agrees to furnish to the Commission, upon request, a copy of each instrument with respect to issues of long-term debt involving a total amount which does not exceed 10% of the total assets of the Registrant and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis.
4.2	Description of Common Stock (Filed herewith)
10.1	Sales Agency Agreement, dated August 16, 2017, by and among the Company, Sandler O'Neill & Partners, and FIG Partners, LLC Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc.'s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on August 17, 2017.
10.2	Employment Agreement between the Company and Joseph R. Dively Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to First Mid Bancshares, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on December 23, 2019.
10.3	Employment Agreement between the Company and Michael L. Taylor Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 27, 2017.
10.4	Employment Agreement between the Company and Matthew K. Smith Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 27, 2017.
10.5	Employment Agreement between the Company and Laurel G. Allenbaugh Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 28, 2015.
10.6	Employment Agreement between the Company and Eric S. McRae Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to First Mid Bancshares, Inc.'s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on December 23, 2019.
10.7	Employment Agreement between the Company and Bradley L. Beesley Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to First Mid Bancshares, Inc.'s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on December 23, 2019.
10.8	First Amendment to the First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc. Amended and Restated Deferred Compensation Plan Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 26, 2018.
10.9	2017 Stock Incentive Plan Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 1, 2017.
10.10	Form of 2017 Incentive Plan Stock Unit Agreement Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 25, 2017.
10.11	Form Agreement to Accelerate the Vesting of the First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc. Stock Unit Awards Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on December 19, 2017.
10.12	Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 29, 2018.
10.13	Form of Stock Unit/Restricted Stock Award Agreement Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 29, 2018.

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	Exhibit Index to Annual Report on Form 10-K
Exhibit Number	Description and Filing or Incorporation Reference
10.14	2007 Stock Incentive Plan Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 23, 2007.
10.15	First Amendment to 2007 Stock Incentive Plan Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the for the year ended December 31, 2009.
10.16	Form of 2007 Stock Incentive Plan Stock Option Agreement Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on December 12, 2007.
10.17	Form of Stock Award/Stock Unit Award Agreement Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 27, 2011.
10.18	Form of Stock Unit Award Agreement Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 27, 2011.
10.19	Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the for the year ended December 31, 2005.
10.20	First Amendment to Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the for the year ended December 31, 2005.
10.21	Participation Agreement  (as Amended and Restated) to Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan between the Company and William S. Rowland Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005.
10.22	Description of Incentive Compensation Plan Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.
10.23	Sixth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to First Mid-Illinois Bancshares, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 13, 2018.
21.1	Subsidiaries of the Company (Filed herewith)
23.1	Consent of BKD LLP (Filed herewith)
31.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Filed herewith)
31.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002  (Filed herewith)
32.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. section 1350, as adopted pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002  (Filed herewith)
32.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. section 1350, as adopted pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002  (Filed herewith)

105