FIRST MIDWEST BANCORP INC (Form: 10-K, Received: 02/28/2020 15:56:24)

First Midwest Bancorp, 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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

☒

Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019

☐

Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number 0-10967

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

36-3161078

(IRS Employer Identification No.)

8750 West Bryn Mawr Avenue, Suite 1300

Chicago, Illinois 60631-3655

(Address of principal executive offices) (zip code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (708) 831-7483

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common stock, $0.01 par value

FMBI

The NASDAQ Stock Market

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☒ No ☐.

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐ No ☒.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒ No ☐.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☒

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell Company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒.

The aggregate market value of the registrant's outstanding voting common stock held by non-affiliates on June 30, 2019, determined using a per share closing price on that date of $20.47, as quoted on the NASDAQ Stock Market, was $2,216,559,049.

As of February 26, 2020, there were 109,670,054 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value, outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the Registrant's proxy statement for the 2020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III.

FIRST MIDWEST BANCORP, INC.

FORM 10-K

TABLE OF CONTENTS


		Page
Part I
ITEM 1.	Business	3
ITEM 1A.	Risk Factors	14
ITEM 1B.	Unresolved Staff Comments	26
ITEM 2.	Properties	26
ITEM 3.	Legal Proceedings	27
ITEM 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	27

Part II
ITEM 5.	Market for the Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	27
ITEM 6.	Selected Financial Data	30
ITEM 7.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	31
ITEM 7A.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	73
ITEM 8.	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data	75
ITEM 9.	Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure	132
ITEM 9A.	Controls and Procedures	132
ITEM 9B.	Other Information	134

Part III
ITEM 10.	Directors, Executive Officers, and Corporate Governance	134
ITEM 11.	Executive Compensation	135
ITEM 12.	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters	135
ITEM 13.	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence	135
ITEM 14.	Principal Accountant Fees and Services	135

Part IV
ITEM 15.	Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules	136
	Signatures	140

Table of Contents

PART I

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

Overview

First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. (the "Company," "we," "us," or "our") is a Delaware corporation incorporated in 1982 and headquartered in Chicago, Illinois and is registered under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the "BHC Act"). The Company's common stock, $0.01 par value per share ("common stock"), is listed on the NASDAQ Stock Market and trades under the symbol "FMBI." The Company maintains a philosophy that focuses on helping its customers achieve financial success through its long-standing commitment to delivering highly-personalized service. The Company has grown and expanded its market footprint by opening new locations, growing existing locations, enhancing its internet and mobile capabilities, and acquiring financial institutions, branches, and non-banking organizations.

In 1983, the Company became a bank holding company through the simultaneous acquisition of over 20 affiliated financial institutions. Our principal subsidiary, First Midwest Bank (the "Bank"), is an Illinois state-chartered bank and provides a full range of commercial, treasury management, equipment leasing, consumer, wealth management, trust, and private banking products and services through 127 banking locations in metropolitan Chicago, southeast Wisconsin, northwest Indiana, central and western Illinois, and eastern Iowa.

Company profile as of December 31, 2019:

Total assets: $17.9 billion

One of Illinois' largest independent publicly-

traded bank holding companies

Broad Midwestern reach

Experienced acquirer

Market capitalization: $2.5 billion

NASDAQ: FMBI

Subsidiaries

The Company is responsible for the overall conduct, direction, and performance of its subsidiaries. In addition, the Company provides various services to its subsidiaries, establishes policies and procedures, and provides other resources as needed, including capital. As of December 31, 2019, the following were the Company's primary subsidiaries:

First Midwest Bank

The Bank, through its predecessors, has provided banking services for nearly 80 years and offers a variety of financial products and services that are designed to meet the financial needs of the customers and communities it serves. As of December 31, 2019, the Bank had total assets of $17.8 billion, total loans of $12.8 billion, and total deposits of $13.5 billion.

The Bank operates the following wholly-owned subsidiaries:

•First Midwest Equipment Finance Co. ("FMEF"), an Illinois corporation providing equipment loans and leases and commercial financing alternatives to traditional bank financing.

•First Midwest Securities Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company managing the Bank's investment securities.

•Synergy Property Holdings, LLC, an Illinois limited liability company managing the majority of the Bank's other real estate owned ("OREO") properties.

•First Midwest Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation managing the Bank's investment securities, principally municipal obligations, and providing corporate management services to its wholly-owned subsidiary, FMB Investments Ltd., a Bermuda corporation. FMB Investments Ltd. manages investment securities.

•Broadway Clark Building Corporation, an Illinois corporation acquired during 2019 that manages certain of the Bank's OREO properties.

Table of Contents

Premier Asset Management LLC

Premier Asset Management LLC ("Premier"), an Illinois limited liability company, is a registered investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. Premier provides investment advisory and wealth management services to individual and institutional customers.

Northern Oak Wealth Management, Inc.

Northern Oak Wealth Management ("Northern Oak"), a Wisconsin corporation, is a registered investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. Northern Oak provides investment advisory and wealth management services to individual and institutional customers.

First Midwest Capital Trust I, Great Lakes Statutory Trust II, Great Lakes Statutory Trust III, Northern States Statutory Trust I, Bridgeview Statutory Trust I, Bridgeview Capital Trust II

First Midwest Capital Trust I, a Delaware statutory business trust, was formed in 2003. Great Lakes Statutory Trust II, Great Lakes Statutory Trust III, Northern States Statutory Trust I, Bridgeview Statutory Trust I, and Bridgeview Capital Trust II are Delaware statutory business trusts that were acquired through acquisitions. These trusts were established for the purpose of issuing trust-preferred securities and lending the proceeds to the Company in return for junior subordinated debentures of the Company. The Company guarantees payments of distributions on the trust-preferred securities and payments on redemption of the trust-preferred securities on a limited basis.

These trusts qualify as variable interest entities for which the Company is not the primary beneficiary. Consequently, the accounts of those entities are not consolidated in the Company's financial statements. However, the combined $90.7 million of trust-preferred securities held by the six trusts as of December 31, 2019 are included in the Company's Tier 2 capital for regulatory capital purposes. For additional discussion of the regulatory capital treatment of trust-preferred securities, see the section of this Item 1 titled "Capital Requirements" below.

Segments

The Company has one reportable segment. The Company's chief operating decision maker evaluates the operations of the Company using consolidated information for the purposes of allocating resources and assessing performance.

Our Business

The Bank has been in the business of commercial and consumer banking for nearly 80 years, attracting deposits, making loans, and providing treasury and wealth management services. The Bank operates in the most active and diverse markets in Illinois, including the metropolitan Chicago market and central and western Illinois. The Bank's other market areas include southeastern Wisconsin, northwestern Indiana, and eastern Iowa. These areas encompass urban, suburban, and rural markets, and contain a diversified mix of industry groups.

No individual or single group of related accounts is considered material in relation to the assets or deposits of the Bank or in relation to the overall business of the Company. The Bank does not engage in any sub-prime lending, nor does it engage in investment banking activities.

Deposit and Retail Services

The Bank offers a full range of deposit products and services, including checking, NOW, money market, and savings accounts and various types of short and long-term certificates of deposit. These products are tailored to our market areas at competitive rates. In addition to these products, the Bank offers debit and automated teller machine ("ATM") cards, credit cards, internet and mobile banking, telephone banking, and financial education services.

Corporate and Consumer Lending

The Bank originates commercial and industrial, agricultural, commercial real estate, and consumer loans, primarily to businesses and residents in the Bank's market areas. In addition to originating loans, the Bank offers capital market products to commercial customers, which include derivatives and interest rate risk mitigation products. The Bank's largest category of lending is commercial real estate, followed by commercial and industrial. For detailed information regarding the Company's loan portfolio, see the "Loan Portfolio and Credit Quality" section of "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in Item 7 of this Form 10-K.

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Commercial and Industrial and Agricultural Loans – The Bank provides commercial and industrial loans to middle market businesses generally within the Bank's market areas. Our broad range of financing products includes supporting working capital needs, accounts receivable financing, inventory and equipment financing, and select sector-based lending, such as healthcare, asset-based lending, structured finance, and syndications. The Bank provides agricultural loans to meet seasonal production, equipment, and farm real estate borrowing needs of individual and corporate crop and livestock producers. The Bank also provides these commercial and industrial and agricultural loan products to customers outside of its primary market area that fall within the Bank's credit guidelines.

Commercial Real Estate Loans – The Bank provides a wide array of financing products to developers, investors, other real estate professionals, and owners of various businesses, which include funding for the construction, purchase, refinance, or improvement of commercial real estate properties. The mix of properties securing the loans in the Bank's commercial real estate portfolio is balanced between owner-occupied and investor categories and is diverse in terms of type and geographic location, generally within the Bank's market areas.

Consumer Loans – Consumer loan products include mortgages, home equity lines and loans, personal loans, specialty loans, and consumer secured and unsecured loans. These products are primarily provided to the residents who live and work within the Bank's market areas. The Bank also provides these consumer loan products to customers outside of its primary market area that fall within the Bank's credit guidelines.

Treasury Management

Our treasury management products and services provide commercial customers the ability to manage cash flow. These products include receivable services such as Automated Clearing House ("ACH") collections, lockbox, remote deposit capture, and financial electronic data interchange, payables and payroll services such as wire transfer, account reconciliation, controlled disbursement, direct deposit, and positive pay, information reporting services, liquidity management, corporate credit cards, fraud prevention, and merchant services.

Wealth Management

The Bank's wealth management group, Premier, and Northern Oak provide investment management services to institutional and individual customers, including corporate and public retirement plans, foundations and endowments, high net worth individuals, and multi-employer trust funds. Services include fiduciary and executor services, financial planning solutions, investment advisory services, employee benefit plans, and private banking services. These services are provided through credentialed investment and wealth management professionals who identify opportunities and provide services tailored to our customers' goals and objectives.

Growth and Acquisitions

In the normal course of business, the Company explores potential opportunities for expansion in our primary and adjacent market areas through organic growth and the acquisition of financial institutions, branches, and non-banking organizations. As a matter of policy, the Company generally does not comment on any dialogue or negotiations with potential targets or possible acquisitions until a definitive acquisition agreement is signed. The Company's ability to engage in certain merger or acquisition transactions depends on the bank regulators' views at the time as to the capital levels, quality of management, and overall condition of the Company, in addition to their assessment of a variety of other factors, including our compliance with law and regulations. The Company has announced and successfully completed a number of acquisitions, which include the following recent transactions:

Pending Acquisition

During 2019, the Company entered into a merger agreement to acquire Bankmanagers Corp. ("Bankmanagers"), the holding company for Park Bank, based in Milwaukee Wisconsin. The acquisition is subject to customary regulatory approvals and the completion of various closing conditions.

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Completed Acquisitions


Year of Acquisition						Acquisition Target
2019						Bridgeview Bancorp, Inc. ("Bridgeview"), the holding company for Bridgeview Bank Group and Northern Oak, a registered investment adviser.
2018						Northern States Financial Corporation ("Northern States"), the holding company for NorStates Bank.
2017						Standard Bancshares, Inc. ("Standard"), the holding company for Standard Bank and Trust Company, and Premier, a registered investment adviser.
2016						NI Bancshares Corporation ("NI Bancshares"), the holding company for The National Bank & Trust Company of Sycamore.
2015						Peoples Bancorp, Inc. ("Peoples"), the holding company for The Peoples' Bank of Arlington Heights.
2014						Chicago area banking operations of Banco Popular North America ("Popular"), doing business as Popular Community Bank, Great Lakes Financial Resources, Inc. ("Great Lakes"), the holding company for Great Lakes Bank, National Association, and National Machine Tool Financial Corporation ("National Machine Tool"), now known as FMEF.

Additional detail regarding certain recent acquisitions is contained in Note 3 of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

Competition

The banking and financial services industry in the markets in which the Company operates (and particularly the metropolitan Chicago area) is highly competitive. Generally, the Company competes with other local, regional, national, and internet banks and savings and loan associations, FinTech companies, personal loan and finance companies, credit unions, mutual funds, credit funds, investment brokers, and trust and wealth management providers. Some of these competitors may be larger and have more financial resources than us or may be subject to fewer regulatory constraints and may have lower cost structures.

Competition is driven by a number of factors, including interest rates charged on loans and paid on deposits, the ability to attract new deposits, the scope and type of banking and financial services offered, the hours during which business can be conducted, the location of bank branches and ATMs, the availability, ease of use, and range of banking services provided on the internet and through mobile devices, the availability of related services, and a variety of additional services, such as trust, wealth management, and investment advisory services.

In providing investment advisory services, the Company also competes with retail and discount stockbrokers, investment advisers, mutual funds, insurance companies, and other financial institutions for wealth management customers. Competition is generally based on the variety of products and services offered to customers and the performance of funds under management. The Company's main competitors are financial service providers both within and outside of the market areas in which the Company maintains offices.

Our Colleagues and Culture

The Company faces competition in attracting and retaining qualified employees. Its ability to continue to compete effectively will depend on its ability to attract new employees and retain and motivate existing employees. As of December 31, 2019, the Company and its subsidiaries employed a total of 2,122 full-time equivalent employees.

Anchored in our vision, mission, and values, First Midwest drives business performance and accelerates economic and social momentum by investing in our colleagues, clients, and the communities we serve. The Company understands that its employees are its most valued asset and recognizes an engaged and supported workforce is key to driving success for both the Company's clients and business. In order to attract and retain the best talent, the Company offers competitive compensation and a range of

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high-quality benefits that enable its employees to achieve their health, lifestyle and financial goals. Those benefits include medical, dental, vision, life and disability insurance, parental leave, family medical leave and paid time off, savings and profit-sharing retirement programs, income protection benefits, adoption assistance, tuition reimbursement, and matching individual charitable gifts. In 2019, the Company received the Chicago Tribune Top Places to Work Award as a direct result of its efforts to create a supportive and inclusive work environment for its employees.

Intellectual Property

Intellectual property is important to the success of our business. We own a variety of trademarks, service marks, trade names, and logos and spend time and resources maintaining our intellectual property portfolio. We control access to our intellectual property through license agreements, confidentiality procedures, non-disclosure agreements with third-parties, employment agreements, and other contractual arrangements protecting our intellectual property.

Supervision and Regulation

The Bank is an Illinois state-chartered bank and a member of the Federal Reserve System. The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the "Federal Reserve") has the primary federal authority to examine and supervise the Bank in coordination with the Illinois Department of Financial and Professional Regulation (the "IDFPR"). The Company is a single bank holding company and is also subject to the primary regulatory authority of the Federal Reserve. The Company and its subsidiaries are also subject to extensive secondary regulation and supervision by various state and federal governmental regulatory authorities, including the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC"), which insures deposits and assets covered by loss share agreements with the FDIC (the "FDIC Agreements"), and the United States ("U.S.") Department of the Treasury (the "Treasury"), which enforces money laundering and currency transaction regulations. As a public company, the Company is also subject to the regulatory authority of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") and the disclosure and regulatory requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). Premier and Northern Oak, our registered investment advisers, are also subject to the regulatory authority of the SEC, including under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

Federal and state laws and regulations generally applicable to financial institutions regulate the Company's and our subsidiaries' scope of business, investments, reserves against deposits, capital levels, the nature and amount of collateral for loans, the establishment of branches, mergers, acquisitions, dividends, and other matters. This supervision and regulation is intended primarily for the protection of the FDIC's deposit insurance fund ("DIF"), the bank's depositors, and the stability of the U.S. financial system, rather than the stockholders or debt holders of a financial institution.

The following sections describe the significant elements of certain statutes and regulations affecting the Company and its subsidiaries, some of which are not yet effective or remain subject to ongoing revision and rulemaking.

Bank Holding Company Act of 1956

Generally, the BHC Act governs the acquisition and control of banks and non-banking companies by bank holding companies and requires bank holding companies to register with the Federal Reserve. The BHC Act requires a bank holding company to file an annual report of its operations and such additional information as the Federal Reserve may require. A bank holding company and its subsidiaries are subject to examination and supervision by the Federal Reserve.

The BHC Act, the Bank Merger Act, and other federal and state statutes regulate acquisitions of commercial banks. The BHC Act requires the prior approval of the Federal Reserve for the direct or indirect acquisition by a bank holding company of more than 5.0% of the voting shares of a commercial bank or its holding company. Under the BHC Act or the Bank Merger Act, the prior approval of the Federal Reserve or other appropriate bank regulatory authority is required for a bank holding company to acquire another bank or for a member bank to merge with another bank or purchase the assets or assume the deposits of another bank. In reviewing applications seeking approval of merger and acquisition transactions, the bank regulatory authorities will consider, among other things, the competitive effect and public benefits of the transactions, the capital position of the combined organization, the risks to the stability of the U.S. banking or financial system, the applicant's managerial and financial resources, the applicant's performance record under the Community Reinvestment Act of 1977, as amended (the "CRA"), fair housing laws and other consumer compliance laws, and the effectiveness of the banks in combating money laundering activities.

In addition, the BHC Act prohibits (with certain exceptions) a bank holding company from acquiring direct or indirect control or ownership of more than 5.0% of the voting shares of any "non-banking" company unless the non-banking activities are found by the Federal Reserve to be "so closely related to banking as to be a proper incident thereto." Under current regulations of the Federal Reserve, a bank holding company and its non-bank subsidiaries are permitted to engage in such banking-related business ventures as consumer finance, equipment leasing, data processing, mortgage banking, financial and investment advice, securities brokerage services, and other activities.

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The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999, as amended (the "GLB Act"), allows certain bank holding companies to elect to be treated as a financial holding company (a "FHC") that may offer customers a more comprehensive array of financial products and services. At this time, the Company has not elected to be a FHC.

Transactions with Affiliates

Any transactions between the Bank and the Company and their respective subsidiaries are regulated by the Federal Reserve. The Federal Reserve's regulations limit the types and amounts of covered transactions engaged in between the Company and the Bank and generally require those transactions to be on terms at least as favorable to the Bank as if the transaction were conducted with an unaffiliated third-party. Covered transactions are defined by statute to include:

•A loan or extension of credit to an affiliate, as well as a purchase of securities issued by an affiliate, by the Bank.

•The purchase of assets by the Bank from an affiliate, unless otherwise exempted by the Federal Reserve.

•Certain derivative transactions involving the Bank that create a credit exposure to an affiliate.

•The acceptance by the Bank of securities issued by an affiliate as collateral for a loan.

•The issuance of a guarantee, acceptance, or letter of credit by the Bank on behalf of an affiliate.

In general, these regulations require that any extension of credit by the Bank (or its subsidiaries) with an affiliate must be secured by designated amounts of specified collateral and must be limited to certain thresholds on an individual and aggregate basis.

The Bank is also limited as to how much and on what terms it may lend to its insiders and the insiders of its affiliates, including executive officers and directors.

Source of Strength

Federal Reserve policy and federal law require bank holding companies to act as a source of financial and managerial strength to their subsidiary banks. Under this requirement, a holding company is expected to commit resources to support its bank subsidiary even at times when the holding company may not be in a financial position to provide such resources or when the holding company may not be inclined to provide it. Any capital loans by a bank holding company to its subsidiary bank are subordinate in right of payment to deposits and to certain other indebtedness of such subsidiary bank. In the event of a bank holding company's bankruptcy, any commitment by the bank holding company to a federal bank regulatory agency to maintain the capital of a bank subsidiary will be assumed by the bankruptcy trustee and entitled to priority of payment.

Community Reinvestment Act of 1977

The CRA requires depository institutions to assist in meeting the credit needs of their market areas consistent with safe and sound banking practices. Under the CRA, each depository institution is required to help meet the credit needs of its market areas by, among other things, providing credit to low-income and moderate-income individuals and communities. Federal regulators conduct CRA examinations on a regular basis to assess the performance of financial institutions and assign one of four ratings to the institution's record of meeting the credit needs of its community. Bank regulators take into account CRA ratings when considering approval of a proposed merger or acquisition. As of its last examination report issued in May 2017, the Bank received a rating of "outstanding," the highest rating available. The Bank has received an overall "outstanding" rating in each of its CRA performance evaluations since 1998. In December 2019, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (the "OCC") and the FDIC issued a notice of proposed rulemaking intended to (i) clarify which activities qualify for CRA credit; (ii) update where activities count for CRA credit; (iii) create a more transparent and objective method for measuring CRA performance; and (iv) provide for more transparent, consistent, and timely CRA-related data collection, recordkeeping, and reporting. However, the Federal Reserve has not joined the proposed rulemaking. Management will continue to evaluate any changes to the CRA's regulations and their impact to the Company's financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity.

Financial Privacy

Under the GLB Act, a financial institution may not disclose non-public personal information about a consumer to unaffiliated third-parties unless the institution satisfies various disclosure requirements and the consumer has not elected to opt out of the information sharing. The financial institution must provide its customers with a notice of its privacy policies and practices. The Federal Reserve, the FDIC, and other financial regulatory agencies issued regulations implementing notice requirements and restrictions on a financial institution's ability to disclose non-public personal information about consumers to unaffiliated third-parties.

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Bank Secrecy Act and USA PATRIOT Act

The Bank Secrecy and USA PATRIOT Acts require financial institutions to develop programs to prevent them from being used for money laundering, terrorist, and other illegal activities. If such activities are detected or suspected, financial institutions are obligated to file suspicious activity reports with the U.S. Treasury's Office of Financial Crimes Enforcement Network. These rules require financial institutions to establish procedures for identifying and verifying the identity of customers seeking to open new accounts. Failure to comply with these requirements could have serious financial, legal, and reputational consequences, including the imposition of civil money penalties or causing applicable bank regulatory authorities not to approve merger or acquisition transactions.

Office of Foreign Assets Control Regulation

The U.S. imposes economic sanctions that affect transactions with designated foreign countries, nationals, and others. These sanctions are administered by the U.S. Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control ("OFAC"). These sanctions include: (i) restrictions on trade with or investment in a sanctioned country, including prohibitions against direct or indirect imports from and exports to a sanctioned country and prohibitions on "U.S. persons" engaging in financial transactions relating to making investments in, or providing investment-related advice or assistance to, a sanctioned country, and (ii) blocking assets in which the government or specially designated nationals of the sanctioned country have an interest by prohibiting transfers of property subject to U.S. jurisdiction (including property in the possession or control of U.S. persons). Blocked assets (e.g., property and bank deposits) cannot be paid out, withdrawn, set off, or transferred in any manner without a license from OFAC. Failure to comply with these sanctions could have serious financial, legal, and reputational consequences for the institution, including the imposition of civil money penalties or causing applicable bank regulatory authorities not to approve merger or acquisition transactions.

Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act

The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the "Dodd-Frank Act") significantly restructured the financial regulatory regime in the U.S. Some of the Dodd-Frank Act's provisions, which are described in more detail below, may have the consequence of increasing the Company's expenses, decreasing the Company's revenues, and changing the activities in which the Company chooses to engage.

Enhanced Prudential Standards – The Dodd-Frank Act, as amended by the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act of 2018 ("EGRRCPA"), directs the Federal Reserve to monitor emerging risks to financial stability and enact enhanced supervision and prudential standards applicable to bank holding companies with total consolidated assets of $250 billion or more and non-bank covered companies designated as systemically important by the Financial Stability Oversight Council (often referred to as systemically important financial institutions). The Dodd-Frank Act mandates that certain regulatory requirements applicable to systemically important financial institutions be more stringent than those applicable to other financial institutions. In general, EGRRCPA and implementing regulations increased the statutory asset threshold above which the Federal Reserve is required to apply these enhanced prudential standards from $50 billion to $250 billion (subject to certain discretion by the Federal Reserve to apply any enhanced prudential standard requirement to any BHC with between $100 billion and $250 billion of total consolidated assets that would otherwise be exempt under EGRRCPA). BHCs with $250 billion or more of total consolidated assets remain fully subject to the Dodd-Frank Act's enhanced prudential standards requirements.

In February 2014, the Federal Reserve adopted rules to implement certain of these enhanced prudential standards. These rules required publicly traded bank holding companies with $10 billion or more of total consolidated assets to establish risk committees and required bank holding companies with $50 billion or more of total consolidated assets to comply with enhanced liquidity and overall risk management standards. The Company established a risk committee in accordance with this requirement. In October 2019, the Federal Reserve adopted a rule that tailors the application of the enhanced prudential standards to BHCs pursuant to the EGRRCPA amendments, including by raising the asset threshold for application of many of these standards. Pursuant to the final rules, publicly traded bank holding companies with between $10 billion and $50 billion of total consolidated assets, including the Company, are no longer required to maintain a risk committee. The Company has determined that it will nevertheless retain its risk committee.

Consumer Financial Protection – The Dodd-Frank Act created the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau ("CFPB") as a new and independent unit within the Federal Reserve. The powers of the CFPB currently include primary enforcement and exclusive supervision authority for federal consumer financial laws over insured depository institutions with assets of $10 billion or more, such as the Bank, and their affiliates. This includes the right to obtain information about an institution's activities and compliance systems and procedures and to detect and assess risks to consumers and markets.

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The CFPB engages in several activities, including (i) investigating consumer complaints about credit cards and mortgages, (ii) launching supervisory programs, (iii) conducting research for and developing mandatory financial product disclosures, and (iv) engaging in consumer financial protection rulemaking.

The Bank is also subject to a number of regulations intended to protect consumers in various areas, such as equal credit opportunity, fair lending, customer privacy, identity theft, and fair credit reporting. For example, the Bank is subject to the Federal Truth in Savings Act, the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act, and the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act. Electronic banking activities are subject to federal law, including the Electronic Funds Transfer Act. Wealth management activities of the Bank are subject to the Illinois Corporate Fiduciaries Act. Consumer loans made by the Bank are subject to applicable provisions of the Federal Truth in Lending Act. Other consumer financial laws include the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, Fair Credit Reporting Act, Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, and applicable state laws.

In addition, state authorities are responsible for monitoring the Company's compliance with all state consumer laws. Failure to comply with these federal and state requirements could have serious legal and reputational consequences for the Company and the Bank, including causing applicable bank regulatory authorities not to approve merger or acquisition transactions.

Interchange Fees – Under the Durbin Amendment of the Dodd-Frank Act ("Durbin"), the Federal Reserve established a maximum permissible interchange fee equal to no more than 21 cents plus five basis points of the transaction value for many types of debit interchange transactions. Interchange fees, or "swipe" fees, are charges that merchants pay to card-issuing banks, such as the Bank, for processing electronic payment transactions. The Federal Reserve also adopted a rule to allow a debit card issuer to recover one cent per transaction for fraud prevention purposes if the issuer complies with certain fraud-related requirements required by the Federal Reserve. The Company is in compliance with these fraud-related requirements. The Federal Reserve also has rules governing routing and exclusivity that require issuers to offer two unaffiliated networks for routing transactions on each debit or prepaid product. The interchange fee limitations became effective for the Company on July 1, 2017.

Capital Requirements

The Company and the Bank are each required to comply with applicable capital adequacy standards established by the Federal Reserve. In July 2013, the federal bank regulators approved final rules (the "Basel III Capital Rules") implementing the Basel III framework set forth by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (the "Basel Committee") as well as certain provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act.

Since full phase-in on January 1, 2019, the Basel III Capital Rules have required the Company and the Bank to maintain the following:

•A minimum ratio of Common equity Tier 1 capital ("CET1") to risk-weighted assets of at least 4.5%, plus a 2.5% "capital conservation buffer" (resulting in a minimum ratio of CET1 to risk-weighted assets of at least 7.0%).

•A minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets of at least 6.0%, plus the capital conservation buffer (resulting in a minimum Tier 1 capital ratio of 8.5%).

•A minimum ratio of total capital (Tier 1 capital plus Tier 2 capital) to risk-weighted assets of at least 8.0%, plus the capital conservation buffer (resulting in a minimum total capital ratio of 10.5%).

•A minimum leverage ratio of 4.0%, calculated as the ratio of Tier 1 capital to average assets.

The capital conservation buffer is designed to absorb losses during periods of economic stress. Banking institutions with a ratio of CET1 to risk-weighted assets above the minimum, but below the conservation buffer, will face constraints on dividends, equity repurchases, and compensation based on the amount of the shortfall and the institution's "eligible retained income" (that is, four quarter trailing net income, net of distributions and tax effects not reflected in net income).

The Basel III Capital Rules also provide for a number of deductions from and adjustments to CET1 that were phased-in over a four-year period through January 1, 2019. In November 2017, the federal bank regulators issued a final rule that retains certain existing transition provisions related to the capital treatment for certain deferred tax assets, mortgage servicing rights, investments in non-consolidated financial entities, and minority interests for banking organizations, such as the Company and the Bank, that are not subject to the advanced approaches framework (the "Transition Rule"). Under the Basel III Capital Rules, the effects of certain accumulated other comprehensive items are included for purposes of determining regulatory capital ratios; however, the Company and the Bank made a one-time permanent election to exclude these items.

In July 2019, the federal bank regulators adopted final rules intended to simplify the capital treatment for certain deferred tax assets, mortgage servicing assets, investments in non-consolidated financial entities and minority interests for banking organizations, such as the Company and the Bank, that are not subject to the advanced approaches framework (the "Capital

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Simplification Rules"). The Capital Simplification Rules and the rescission of the Transition Rule took effect for the Company as of January 1, 2020.

In December 2017, the Basel Committee published standards that it described as the finalization of the Basel III post-crisis regulatory reforms (the standards are commonly referred to as "Basel IV"). Among other things, these standards revise the Basel Committee's standardized approach for credit risk (including the recalibration of risk weights and introducing new capital requirements for certain "unconditionally cancellable commitments," such as unused credit card lines of credit) and provide a new standardized approach for operational risk capital. Under the Basel framework, these standards will generally be effective on January 1, 2022, with an aggregate output floor phasing in through January 1, 2027. Under the current U.S. capital rules, operational risk capital requirements and a capital floor apply only to advanced approaches banking organizations, and not to the Company or the Bank. The impact of Basel IV on the Company and the Bank will depend on the manner in which it is implemented by the federal bank regulators.

Prompt Corrective Action

The Federal Deposit Insurance Act, as amended ("FDIA"), requires the federal banking agencies to take "prompt corrective action" for depository institutions that do not meet the minimum capital requirements. The FDIA includes the following five capital tiers: "well-capitalized," "adequately capitalized," "undercapitalized," "significantly undercapitalized" and "critically undercapitalized." A depository institution's capital tier will depend on how its capital levels compare with various relevant capital measures and certain other factors, as established by regulation. The relevant capital measures are the total risk-based capital ratio, the Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio, the CET1 capital ratio, and the leverage ratio.

A bank will be:

•"Well-capitalized" if the institution has a total risk-based capital ratio of 10.0% or greater, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 8.0% or greater, a CET1 capital ratio of 6.5% or greater, and a leverage ratio of 5.0% or greater, and is not subject to any order or written directive by any such regulatory authority to meet and maintain a specific capital level for any capital measure.

•"Adequately capitalized" if the institution has a total risk-based capital ratio of 8.0% or greater, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 6.0% or greater, a CET1 capital ratio of 4.5% or greater, and a leverage ratio of 4.0% or greater and is not "well-capitalized."

•"Undercapitalized" if the institution has a total risk-based capital ratio of less than 8.0%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of less than 6.0%, a CET1 capital ratio of less than 4.5%, or a leverage ratio of less than 4.0%.

•"Significantly undercapitalized" if the institution has a total risk-based capital ratio of less than 6.0%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of less than 4.0%, a CET1 capital ratio of less than 3.0% or a leverage ratio of less than 3.0%.

•"Critically undercapitalized" if the institution's tangible equity is equal to or less than 2.0% of average quarterly tangible assets.

An institution may be downgraded to, or deemed to be in, a capital category that is lower than indicated by its capital ratios if it is determined to be in an unsafe or unsound condition or if it receives an unsatisfactory examination rating for certain matters. A bank's capital category is determined solely for the purpose of applying prompt corrective action regulations, and the capital category may not constitute an accurate representation of the bank's overall financial condition or prospects for other purposes. As of December 31, 2019, the Bank was "well-capitalized" based on its ratios as defined above.

The FDIA prohibits an insured depository institution from accepting brokered deposits or offering interest rates on any deposits significantly higher than the prevailing rate in the bank's normal market area or nationally (depending upon where the deposits are solicited), unless it is well-capitalized or is adequately capitalized and receives a waiver from the FDIC. A depository institution that is adequately capitalized and accepts brokered deposits under a waiver from the FDIC may not pay an interest rate on any deposits in excess of 75 basis points over certain prevailing market areas.

In addition, the FDIA generally prohibits a depository institution from making any capital distributions (including payment of a dividend) or paying any management fee to its parent holding company if the depository institution would thereafter be "undercapitalized." "Undercapitalized" institutions are subject to growth limitations and are required to submit a capital restoration plan. The agencies may not accept such a plan without determining that the plan is based on realistic assumptions and is likely to succeed in restoring the depository institution's capital. In addition, the depository institution's parent holding company must guarantee that the institution will comply with the capital restoration plan and must also provide appropriate assurances of performance for a plan to be acceptable. The aggregate liability of the parent holding company is limited to the lesser of an amount equal to 5.0% of the depository institution's total assets at the time it became undercapitalized and the amount that is necessary (or would have been necessary) to bring the institution into compliance with all capital standards

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applicable to the institution as of the time it fails to comply with the plan. If a depository institution fails to submit an acceptable plan, it is treated as if it is "significantly undercapitalized."

"Significantly undercapitalized" depository institutions may be subject to a number of requirements and restrictions, including orders to sell sufficient voting stock to become "adequately capitalized," requirements to reduce total assets, and cessation of receipt of deposits from correspondent banks. "Critically undercapitalized" institutions are subject to the appointment of a receiver or conservator.

Volcker Rule

The so-called "Volcker Rule" issued under the Dodd-Frank Act, which became effective in July 2015, restricts the ability of the Company and its subsidiaries, including the Bank, to sponsor or invest in private funds or to engage in certain types of proprietary trading. In October 2019, the Federal Reserve, OCC, FDIC, Commodity Futures Trading Commission, and SEC finalized rules to tailor the application of the Volcker Rule based on the size and scope of a banking entity's trading activities and to clarify and amend certain definitions, requirements and exemptions. The regulators have also stated their intention to engage in further rulemaking with respect to provisions of the implementing regulations relating to covered funds. The ultimate impact of any amendments to the Volcker Rule will depend on, among other things, further rulemaking and implementation guidance from the relevant U.S. federal regulatory agencies and the development of market practices and standards. The Company generally does not engage in the businesses prohibited by the Volcker Rule; therefore, the Volcker Rule does not have a material effect on the operations of the Company and its subsidiaries.

Illinois Banking Law

The Illinois Banking Act ("IBA") governs the activities of the Bank as an Illinois state-chartered bank. Among other things, the IBA (i) defines the powers and permissible activities of an Illinois state-chartered bank, (ii) prescribes certain corporate governance standards, (iii) imposes approval requirements on merger and acquisition activity of Illinois state banks, (iv) prescribes lending limits, and (v) provides for the examination and supervision of state banks by the IDFPR. The Banking on Illinois Act ("BIA") amended the IBA to provide a wide range of new activities allowed for Illinois state-chartered banks, including the Bank. The provisions of the BIA are to be construed liberally to create a favorable business climate for banks in Illinois. The main features of the BIA are to expand bank powers through a "wild card" provision that authorizes Illinois state-chartered banks to offer virtually any product or service that any bank or thrift may offer anywhere in the country, subject to restrictions imposed on those other banks and thrifts, certain safety and soundness considerations, and prior notification to the IDFPR and the FDIC.

Dividends and Repurchases

The Company's primary source of liquidity is dividend payments from the Bank. In addition to requirements to maintain adequate capital above regulatory minimums, the Bank is limited in the amount of dividends it can pay to the Company under the IBA. Under the IBA, the Bank is permitted to declare and pay dividends in amounts up to the amount of its accumulated net profits, provided that it retains in its surplus at least one-tenth of its net profits since the date of the declaration of its most recent dividend until those additions to surplus, in the aggregate, equal the paid-in capital of the Bank. While it continues its banking business, the Bank may not pay dividends in excess of its net profits then on hand (after deductions for losses and bad debts). In addition, the Bank is limited in the amount of dividends it can pay under the Federal Reserve Act and Regulation H. For example, dividends cannot be paid that would constitute a withdrawal of capital, dividends cannot be declared or paid if they exceed a bank's undivided profits, and a bank may not declare or pay a dividend if all dividends declared during the calendar year are greater than current year net income plus retained net income of the prior two years without Federal Reserve approval.

Since the Company is a legal entity, separate and distinct from the Bank, its dividends to stockholders are not subject to the bank dividend guidelines discussed above. However, the Company is subject to other regulatory policies and requirements related to the payment of dividends, including requirements to maintain adequate capital above regulatory minimums. The Federal Reserve and the IDFPR are authorized to determine that the payment of dividends by the Company would be an unsafe or unsound practice and to prohibit payment under certain circumstances related to the financial condition of a bank or bank holding company. The Federal Reserve has taken the position that dividends that would create pressure or undermine the safety and soundness of a subsidiary bank are inappropriate. Additionally, it is Federal Reserve policy that bank holding companies generally should pay dividends on common stock only out of net income available to common shareholders over the past year and only if the prospective rate of earnings retention appears consistent with the organization's current and expected future capital needs, asset quality and overall financial condition.

The Capital Simplification Rules adopted in July 2019 eliminated the standalone prior approval requirement in the Basel III Capital Rules for any repurchase of common stock. In certain circumstances, the Company's repurchases of its common stock may be subject to a prior approval or notice requirement under other regulations or policies of the Federal Reserve. Any redemption or repurchase of preferred stock or subordinated debt remains subject to the prior approval of the Federal Reserve.

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FDIC Insurance Premiums

The Bank's deposits are insured through the DIF, which is administered by the FDIC. As insurer, the FDIC imposes deposit insurance premiums and is authorized to conduct examinations of, and to require reporting by, FDIC-insured institutions. It may also prohibit any FDIC-insured institution from engaging in any activity the FDIC determines by regulation or order to pose a serious risk to the DIF. Insurance of deposits may be terminated by the FDIC upon a finding that the institution engaged or is engaging in unsafe and unsound practices, is in an unsafe or unsound condition to continue operations, or violated any applicable law, regulation, rule, order, or condition imposed by the FDIC or written agreement entered into with the FDIC.

FDIC assessment rates for large institutions that have more than $10 billion of assets, such as the Bank, are calculated based on a "scorecard" methodology that seeks to capture both the probability that an individual large institution will fail and the magnitude of the impact on the DIF if such a failure occurs, based primarily on the difference between the institution's average of total assets and average tangible equity. The FDIC has the ability to make discretionary adjustments to the total score, up or down, based upon significant risk factors that are not adequately captured in the scorecard. For large institutions, including the Bank, after accounting for potential base-rate adjustments, the total assessment rate could range from 1.5 to 40 basis points on an annualized basis. An institution's assessment is determined by multiplying its assessment rate by its assessment base, which is asset based.

Depositor Preference

The FDIA provides that, in the event of the "liquidation or other resolution" of an insured depository institution, the claims of depositors of the institution, including the claims of the FDIC as subrogee of insured depositors, and certain claims for administrative expenses of the FDIC as a receiver, will have priority over the other general unsecured claims against the institution. If an insured depository institution fails, insured and uninsured depositors, along with the FDIC, will have priority in payment ahead of unsecured, non-deposit creditors, including depositors whose deposits are payable only outside of the U.S. and the bank holding company, with respect to any extensions of credit they have made to such insured depository institution.

Employee Incentive Compensation

In 2010, the Federal Reserve, along with the other federal banking agencies, issued guidance applying to all banking organizations that requires that their incentive compensation policies be consistent with safety and soundness principles. Under this guidance, financial organizations must review their compensation programs to ensure that they: (i) provide employees with incentives that appropriately balance risk and reward and that do not encourage imprudent risk, (ii) are compatible with effective controls and risk management, and (iii) are supported by strong corporate governance, including active and effective oversight by the banking organization's board of directors. Monitoring methods and processes used by a banking organization should be commensurate with the size and complexity of the organization and its use of incentive compensation.

During the second quarter of 2016, as required by the Dodd-Frank Act, the federal bank regulatory agencies and the SEC proposed revised rules on incentive-based payment arrangements at specified regulated entities having at least $1 billion of total assets (including the Company and the Bank). These proposed rules have not been finalized.

Cybersecurity

The federal banking agencies have established certain expectations with respect to an institution's information security and cybersecurity programs, with an increasing focus on risk management, processes related to information technology and operational resiliency, and the use of third-parties in the provision of financial services. In October 2016, the federal banking agencies jointly issued an advance notice of proposed rulemaking on enhanced cybersecurity risk-management and resilience standards that would address five categories of cyber standards which include (i) cyber risk governance, (ii) cyber risk management, (iii) internal dependency management, (iv) external dependency management, and (v) incident response, cyber resilience, and situational awareness. As proposed, these enhanced standards would apply only to depository institutions and depository institution holding companies with total consolidated assets of $50 billion or more; however, it is possible that if these enhanced standards are implemented, even if the $50 billion threshold is increased, the Federal Reserve will consider them in connection with the examination and supervision of banks below the $50 billion threshold. The federal banking agencies have not yet taken further action on these proposed standards.

State regulators have also been increasingly active in implementing privacy and cybersecurity standards and regulations. Recently, several states have adopted regulations requiring certain financial institutions to implement cybersecurity programs and providing detailed requirements with respect to these programs, including data encryption requirements. Many states have also recently implemented or modified their data breach notification and data privacy requirements. We expect this trend of state-level activity in those areas to continue, and are continually monitoring developments in the states in which the Company operates.

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In February 2018, the SEC published interpretive guidance to assist public companies in preparing disclosures about cybersecurity risks and incidents. These SEC guidelines, and any other regulatory guidance, are in addition to notification and disclosure requirements under state and federal banking law and regulations.

Future Legislation and Regulation

In addition to the specific legislation and regulations described above, various laws and regulations are being considered by federal and state governments and regulatory agencies that may change banking statutes and the Company's operating environment in substantial and unpredictable ways and may increase reporting requirements and compliance costs. These changes could increase or decrease the cost of doing business, limit or expand permissible activities, or affect the competitive balance among banks, savings associations, credit unions, and other financial institutions in ways that could adversely affect the Company.

AVAILABLE INFORMATION

We file annual, quarterly, and current reports, proxy statements, and other information with the SEC, and we make this information available free of charge on the investor relations section of our website at www.firstmidwest.com/investorrelations. In addition, the SEC maintains an internet site at http://www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. The following documents are also posted on our website or are available in print upon the request of any stockholder to our Corporate Secretary:

•Restated Certificate of Incorporation.

•Amended and Restated By-Laws.

•Charters for our Audit, Compensation, Enterprise Risk, and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committees.

•Related Person Transaction Policies and Procedures.

•Corporate Governance Guidelines.

•Code of Ethics and Standards of Conduct (the "Code of Conduct"), which governs our directors, officers, and employees.

•Code of Ethics for Senior Financial Officers.

Within the time period required by the SEC and the NASDAQ Stock Market, we will post on our website any amendment to the Code of Conduct and any waiver applicable to any executive officer, director, or senior financial officer (as defined in the Code of Conduct). In addition, our website includes information concerning purchases and sales of our securities by our executive officers and directors. The accounting and reporting policies of the Company and its subsidiaries conform to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") and general practices within the banking industry. We post on our website any disclosure relating to non-GAAP financial measures (as defined in the SEC's Regulation G) that we use in our written and oral statements.

Our Corporate Secretary can be contacted by writing to First Midwest Bancorp, Inc., 8750 West Bryn Mawr Avenue, Suite 1300, Chicago, Illinois 60631, attention: Corporate Secretary. The Company's Investor Relations Department can be contacted by telephone at (708) 831-7483 or by e-mail at investor.relations@firstmidwest.com.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

An investment in the Company is subject to risks inherent in our business. The material risks and uncertainties that management believes affect the Company are described below. Before making an investment decision with respect to any of the Company's securities, you should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below, together with all of the information included herein. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only risks and uncertainties the Company faces. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known or currently deemed immaterial also may have a material adverse effect on the Company's results of operations and financial condition. If any of the following risks actually occur, the Company's business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected, possibly materially. In that event, the trading price of the Company's common stock or other securities could decline. The risks discussed below also include forward-looking statements, and actual results or outcomes may differ substantially from those discussed or implied in these forward-looking statements.

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Risks Related to the Company's Business

Interest Rate and Credit Risks

The Company is subject to interest rate risk.

The Company's earnings and cash flows largely depend on its net interest income. Net interest income equals the difference between interest income and fees earned on interest-earning assets (such as loans and securities) and interest expense incurred on interest-bearing liabilities (such as deposits and borrowed funds). Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors that are beyond the Company's control, including general economic conditions and policies of various governmental and regulatory agencies, particularly the Federal Reserve. Changes in monetary policy, including changes in interest rates, could influence the amount of interest the Company earns on loans and securities and the amount of interest it pays on deposits and borrowings. These changes could also affect (i) the Company's ability to originate loans and obtain deposits, (ii) the fair value of the Company's financial assets and liabilities, and (iii) the average duration of the Company's securities portfolio. If the interest rates paid on deposits and other borrowings increase at a faster rate than the interest rates received on loans and other investments, the Company's net interest income and, therefore, earnings could be adversely affected. Earnings could also be adversely affected if the interest rates received on loans and other investments fall more quickly than the interest rates paid on deposits and other borrowings.

Although management believes it implements effective asset and liability management strategies to reduce the potential effects of changes in interest rates on the Company's results of operations, any substantial, unexpected, or prolonged change in market interest rates could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition, and results of operations. See "Net Interest Income" in Item 7, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," of this Form 10-K for further discussion related to the Company's management of interest rate risk.

Changes in the method pursuant to which the LIBOR and other benchmark rates are determined could adversely impact our business and results of operations.

Our floating-rate funding, certain hedging transactions and certain of the products that we offer, such as floating-rate loans and mortgages, determine the applicable interest rate or payment amount by reference to a benchmark rate, such as the London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR"), or to an index, currency, basket or other financial metric. LIBOR and certain other benchmark rates are the subject of recent national, international, and other regulatory guidance and proposals for reform. In July 2017, the Chief Executive of the Financial Conduct Authority ("FCA") announced that the FCA intends to stop persuading or compelling banks to submit rates for the calculation of LIBOR after 2021. This announcement indicates that the continuation of LIBOR on the current basis cannot and will not be guaranteed after 2021. Consequently, at this time, it is not possible to predict whether and to what extent banks will continue to provide submissions for the calculation of LIBOR. Similarly, it is not possible to predict whether LIBOR will continue to be viewed as an acceptable market benchmark, which rate or rates may become accepted alternatives to LIBOR, or what the effect of any such changes in views or alternatives may be on the markets for LIBOR-linked financial instruments.

Regulators, industry groups and certain committees (e.g., the Alternative Reference Rates Committee) have, among other things, published recommended fallback language for LIBOR-linked financial instruments, identified recommended alternatives for certain LIBOR rates (e.g., the Secured Overnight Financing Rate as the recommended alternative to U.S. Dollar LIBOR), and proposed implementations of the recommended alternatives in floating rate instruments. At this time, it is not possible to predict whether these recommendations and proposals will be broadly accepted, whether they will continue to evolve, and what the effect of their implementation may be on the markets for floating-rate financial instruments.

The discontinuation of LIBOR, changes in LIBOR or changes in market perceptions of the acceptability of LIBOR as a benchmark could result in changes to our risk exposures (for example, if the anticipated discontinuation of LIBOR adversely affects the availability or cost of floating-rate funding and, therefore, our exposure to fluctuations in interest rates) or otherwise result in losses on a product or having to pay more or receive less on securities that we own or have issued. In addition, such uncertainty could result in pricing volatility and increased capital requirements, loss of market share in certain products, adverse tax or accounting impacts, and compliance, legal and operational costs and risks associated with client disclosures, discretionary actions taken or negotiation of fallback provisions, systems disruption, business continuity, and model disruption.

The Company is subject to lending risk and lending concentration risk.

There are inherent risks associated with the Company's lending activities. Underwriting and documentation controls cannot mitigate all credit risks, especially those outside the Company's control. These risks include the impact of changes in interest rates, changes in the economic conditions in the markets in which the Company operates and across the U.S., and the ability of borrowers to repay loans based on their respective circumstances. Increases in interest rates or weakening economic conditions could adversely impact the ability of borrowers to repay outstanding loans or the value of the collateral securing those loans.

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In particular, economic weakness in real estate and related markets could increase the Company's lending risk as it relates to its commercial real estate loan portfolio and the value of the underlying collateral.

As of December 31, 2019, the Company's loan portfolio consisted of 38.1% of commercial and industrial and agricultural loans, 36.5% of commercial real estate loans, and 25.4% of consumer loans. The deterioration of these loans could cause a significant increase in non-performing loans. An increase in non-performing loans could result in a net loss of earnings from these loans, an increase in the provision for loan losses, and an increase in loan charge-offs, all of which could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition, and results of operations. See "Loan Portfolio and Credit Quality" in Item 7, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," of this Form 10-K for further discussion related to corporate and consumer loans.

Real estate market volatility and future changes in disposition strategies could result in net proceeds that differ significantly from fair value appraisals of loan collateral and OREO and could negatively impact the Company's business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Many of the Company's non-performing real estate loans are collateral-dependent, and the repayment of these loans largely depends on the value of the collateral securing the loans and the successful operation of the property. For collateral-dependent loans, the Company estimates the value of the loan based on the appraised value of the underlying collateral less costs to sell. The Company's OREO portfolio consists of properties acquired through foreclosure in partial or total satisfaction of certain loans as a result of borrower defaults.

In determining the value of OREO properties and other loan collateral, an orderly disposition of the property is generally assumed, except where a different disposition strategy is expected. The disposition strategy (e.g., "as-is", "orderly liquidation", or "forced liquidation") the Company has in place for a non-performing loan will determine the appraised value it uses. Significant judgment is required in estimating the fair value of property, and the period of time within which such estimates can be considered current is significantly shortened during periods of market volatility.

In response to market conditions and other economic factors, the Company may utilize sale strategies other than orderly dispositions as part of its disposition strategy, such as immediate liquidation sales. In this event, the net proceeds realized could differ significantly from estimates used to determine the fair value of the properties as a result of the significant judgments required in estimating fair value and the variables involved in different methods of disposition. This could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition, and results of operations.

The Company's allowance for credit losses may be insufficient.

The Company maintains an allowance for credit losses at a level believed adequate to absorb estimated losses inherent in its existing loan portfolio. The level of the allowance for credit losses reflects management's continuing evaluation of industry concentrations, specific credit risks, credit loss experience, current loan portfolio quality, present economic and business conditions, changes in competitive, legal, and regulatory conditions, and unidentified losses inherent in the current loan portfolio. Determination of the allowance for credit losses is inherently subjective since it requires significant estimates and management judgment of credit risks and future trends, which are subject to material changes. Deterioration in economic conditions affecting borrowers, new information regarding existing loans, identification of additional problem loans, changes in accounting principles, and other factors, both within and outside of the Company's control, may require an increase in the allowance for credit losses. In addition, bank regulatory agencies periodically review the Company's allowance for credit losses and may require an increase in the provision for loan losses or the recognition of additional loan charge-offs based on judgments different from those of management. Furthermore, if charge-offs in future periods exceed the allowance for credit losses, the Company will need additional provisions to increase the allowance. Any increases in the allowance for credit losses will result in a decrease in net income and capital and may have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition and results of operations. See Note 1 of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K for further discussion related to the Company's process for determining the appropriate level of the allowance for credit losses.

Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019, substantially changes the accounting for credit losses on loans and other financial assets held by banks, financial institutions and other organizations. The standard changes the existing incurred loss model in GAAP for recognizing credit losses and instead requires companies to reflect their estimate of current expected credit losses over the life of the financial assets. Management is in the process of determining the impact on the Company's financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, and regulatory capital ratios, but expects that the adoption of this guidance will result in an increase in the allowance for credit losses. It is also possible that the Company's ongoing reported earnings and lending activity will be negatively impacted in periods following adoption.

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Financial services companies depend on the accuracy and completeness of information about customers and counterparties.

The Company may rely on information furnished by or on behalf of customers and counterparties in deciding whether to extend credit or enter into other transactions. This information could include financial statements, credit reports, business plans, and other information. The Company may also rely on representations of those customers, counterparties, or other third-parties, such as independent auditors, as to the accuracy and completeness of that information. Reliance on inaccurate or misleading financial statements, credit reports, or other information could have a material adverse impact on the Company's business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Funding Risks

The Company is a bank holding company and its sources of funds are limited.

The Company is a bank holding company, and its operations are primarily conducted by the Bank, which is subject to significant federal and state regulation. Cash available to pay dividends to stockholders of the Company is derived primarily from dividends received from the Bank. The Company's ability to receive dividends or loans from its subsidiaries is restricted by law. Dividend payments by the Bank to the Company in the future will require generation of future earnings by the Bank and could require regulatory approval if the proposed dividend is in excess of prescribed guidelines. Further, the Company's right to participate in the assets of the Bank upon its liquidation, reorganization, or otherwise will be subject to the claims of the Bank's creditors, including depositors, which will take priority except to the extent the Company may be a creditor with a recognized claim. As of December 31, 2019, the Company's subsidiaries had deposits and other liabilities of $15.4 billion.

The Company could experience an unexpected inability to obtain needed liquidity.

Liquidity measures the ability to meet current and future cash flow needs as they become due. The liquidity of a financial institution reflects its ability to meet loan requests, to accommodate possible outflows in deposits, and to take advantage of interest rate market opportunities. The ability of a financial institution to meet its current financial obligations is a function of its balance sheet structure, its ability to liquidate assets, and its access to alternative sources of funds. A substantial majority of our liabilities are demand deposits, savings deposits, NOW accounts and money market accounts, which are payable on demand or upon several days' notice, while by comparison, a substantial portion of our assets are loans, which cannot be called or sold in the same time frame. We may not be able to replace maturing deposits and advances as necessary in the future, especially if a large number of our depositors sought to withdraw their accounts, regardless of the reason. The Company seeks to ensure its funding needs are met by maintaining an adequate level of liquidity through asset and liability management. If the Company becomes unable to obtain funds when needed, it could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Loss of customer deposits could increase the Company's funding costs.

The Company relies on bank deposits to be a low cost and stable source of funding to make loans and purchase investment securities. The Company competes with banks and other financial services companies for deposits. If the Company's competitors raise the rates they pay on deposits, the Company's funding costs may increase, either because the Company raises its rates to avoid losing deposits or because the Company loses deposits and must rely on more expensive sources of funding. Higher funding costs could reduce the Company's net interest margin and net interest income and could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Any reduction in the Company's credit ratings could increase its financing costs.

Various rating agencies publish credit ratings for the Company's debt obligations, based on their evaluations of a number of factors, some of which relate to Company performance and some of which relate to general industry conditions. Management routinely communicates with each rating agency and anticipates the rating agencies will closely monitor the Company's performance and update their ratings from time to time during the year.

The Company cannot give any assurance that its current credit ratings will remain in effect for any given period of time or that a rating will not be lowered or withdrawn entirely by a rating agency if, in its judgment, circumstances in the future so warrant. Downgrades in the Company's credit ratings may adversely affect its borrowing costs and its ability to borrow or raise capital, and may adversely affect the Company's reputation.

The Company's current credit ratings are as follows:


Rating Agency						Rating
Standard & Poor's Rating Group, a division of the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.						BBB-
Moody's Investor Services, Inc.						Baa2

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Regulatory requirements, future growth, or operating results may require the Company to raise additional capital, but that capital may not be available or be available on favorable terms, or it may be dilutive.

The Company is required by federal and state regulatory authorities to maintain adequate levels of capital to support its operations. The Company may be required to raise capital if regulatory requirements change, the Company's future operating results erode capital, or the Company elects to expand through loan growth or acquisition.

The Company's ability to raise capital will depend on conditions in the capital markets, which are outside of its control, and on the Company's financial performance. Accordingly, the Company cannot be assured of its ability to raise capital when needed or on favorable terms. If the Company cannot raise additional capital when needed, it will be subject to increased regulatory supervision and the imposition of restrictions on its growth and business. These could negatively impact the Company's ability to operate or further expand its operations through acquisitions or the establishment of additional branches and may result in increases in operating expenses and reductions in revenues that could have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Operational Risks

The Company's reported financial results may be impacted by management's selection of accounting methods and certain assumptions and estimates.

The Company's financial performance is impacted by accounting principles, policies, and guidelines. Some of these policies require the use of estimates and assumptions that may affect the value of the Company's assets or liabilities and financial results. Some of the Company's accounting policies are critical because they require management to make subjective and complex judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain and because it is likely that materially different amounts would be reported under different conditions or using different assumptions. If such estimates or assumptions are incorrect, the Company may experience material losses. See "Critical Accounting Estimates" in Item 7, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," of this Form 10-K for further discussion.

The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to changes in accounting principles, policies, or guidelines.

From time to time, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") and the SEC change the financial accounting and reporting standards, or the interpretation of those standards, that govern the preparation of the Company's external financial statements. These changes are beyond the Company's control, can be difficult to predict, and could materially impact how the Company reports its results of operations and financial condition. For example, in June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019 and substantially changes the accounting for credit losses on loans and other financial assets held by banks, financial institutions and other organizations. The standard changes the existing incurred loss model in GAAP for recognizing credit losses and instead requires companies to reflect their estimate of current expected credit losses over the life of the financial assets. Companies must consider all relevant information when estimating expected credit losses, including details about past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. In December 2018, the Federal Reserve, OCC and FDIC released a final rule to revise their regulatory capital rules to address this change to the treatment of credit expense and allowances and provide an optional three-year phase-in period for the day-one adverse regulatory capital effects upon adopting the standard to address concerns with the impact on capital and capital planning. The impact of this proposal on the Company and the Bank will depend on the manner in which it is implemented by the Federal banking agencies and whether we elect to phase-in the impact of the standard over a three-year period under any final rule. Management is evaluating the guidance and the impact to the Company's allowance and capital upon adoption. It is also possible that the Company's ongoing reported earnings and lending activity will be negatively impacted in periods following adoption.

The Company's controls and procedures may fail or be circumvented.

Management regularly reviews and updates the Company's loan underwriting and monitoring process, internal controls, disclosure controls and procedures, compliance controls and procedures, and corporate governance policies and procedures. Any system of controls, however well designed and operated, is based on certain assumptions and can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurances that the objectives of the system are met. Any failure or circumvention of the Company's controls and procedures or failure to comply with regulations related to controls and procedures could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition, and results of operations.

The Company's accounting estimates and risk management processes rely on analytical and forecasting models.

The processes the Company uses to estimate its loan losses and to measure the fair value of financial instruments, as well as the processes used to estimate the effects of changing interest rates and other market measures on the Company's financial condition and results of operations, depend on the use of analytical and forecasting models. These models reflect assumptions

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that may not be accurate, particularly in times of market stress or other unforeseen circumstances. Even if these assumptions are adequate, the models may prove to be inadequate or inaccurate because of other flaws in their design or their implementation. If the models the Company uses for interest rate risk and asset-liability management are inadequate, the Company may incur increased or unexpected losses resulting from changes in market interest rates or other market measures. If the models the Company uses for estimating its loan losses are inadequate, the allowance for credit losses may not be sufficient to support future charge-offs. If the models the Company uses to measure the fair value of financial instruments are inadequate, the fair value of these financial instruments may fluctuate unexpectedly or may not accurately reflect what the Company could realize on the sale or settlement. Any failure in the Company's analytical or forecasting models could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition, and results of operations.

The Company may not be able to attract and retain skilled people.

The Company's success depends on its ability to attract and retain skilled people. Competition for the best people in most activities in which the Company engages can be intense, and the Company may not be able to hire people or retain them.

The unexpected loss of services of certain of the Company's skilled personnel could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business because of their skills, knowledge of the Company's market, years of industry experience, or customer relationships, and the difficulty of promptly finding qualified replacement personnel. In addition, the scope and content of the federal banking agencies' policies on incentive compensation, as well as changes to those policies, could adversely affect the ability of the Company to hire, retain, and motivate its key personnel.

The Company's information systems may experience an interruption or breach in security, including due to cyber-attacks.

The Company relies heavily on internal and outsourced digital technologies, communications, and information systems to conduct its business operations and store sensitive data. As the Company's reliance on technology systems increases, the potential risks of technology-related operation interruptions in the Company's customer relationship management, general ledger, deposit, loan, or other systems or the occurrence of cyber incidents also increases. Cyber incidents can result from unintentional events or from deliberate attacks including, among other things, (i) gaining unauthorized access to digital systems for purposes of misappropriating assets or sensitive information, corrupting data, or causing potentially debilitating operational disruptions, (ii) causing denial-of-service attacks on websites, or (iii) intelligence gathering and social engineering aimed at obtaining information. Cyber-attacks can originate from a variety of sources and the techniques used are increasingly sophisticated.

The occurrence of any failures, interruptions, or security breaches of the Company's technology systems could damage the Company's reputation, result in a loss of customer business, result in the unauthorized release, gathering, monitoring, misuse, loss, or destruction of proprietary information, subject the Company to additional regulatory scrutiny, or expose the Company to civil litigation and possible financial liability, any of which could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition, and results of operations, as well as its reputation or stock price. A successful cyber-attack could persist for an extended period of time before being detected, and, following detection, it could take considerable time and expense for us to obtain full and reliable information about the cybersecurity incident and the extent, amount and type of information compromised. During the course of an investigation, we may not necessarily know the effects of the incident or how to remediate it, and actions, decisions and mistakes that are taken or made may further increase the costs and other negative consequences of the incident. Risks and exposures related to cybersecurity attacks are expected to remain high for the foreseeable future due to the rapidly evolving nature and sophistication of these threats, as well as due to the expanding use of internet and mobile banking and other technology-based products and services, by the Company and its customers. As cyber threats continue to evolve, the Company expects it will be required to spend additional resources on an ongoing basis to continue to modify and enhance its protective measures and to investigate and remediate any information security vulnerabilities.

The confidential information of the Company's customers (including user names and passwords) may also be jeopardized from the compromise of customers' personal electronic devices or as a result of a data security breach at an unrelated company. Losses due to unauthorized account activity could harm the Company's reputation and may have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations.

The Company depends on outside third-parties for processing and handling of Company records and data.

The Company relies on software developed by third-party vendors to process various Company transactions. In some cases, the Company has contracted with third-parties to run their proprietary software on its behalf. These systems include, but are not limited to, general ledger, payroll, employee benefits, wealth management record keeping, loan and deposit processing, merchant processing, and securities portfolio management. While the Company performs a review of controls instituted by the vendors over these programs in accordance with industry standards and performs its own testing of user controls, the Company must rely on the continued maintenance of these controls by the outside party, including safeguards over the security of

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customer data. In addition, the Company maintains backups of key processing output daily in the event of a failure on the part of any of these systems. Nonetheless, the Company may incur a temporary disruption in its ability to conduct its business or process its transactions or incur damage to its reputation if the third-party vendor, or the third-party vendor's vendor, fails to adequately maintain internal controls or institute necessary changes to systems. Such disruption or breach of security may have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition, and results of operations.

The Company continually encounters technological change.

The banking and financial services industry continually undergoes technological changes, with frequent introductions of new technology-driven products and services. In addition to better meeting customer needs, the effective use of technology increases efficiency and enables financial institutions to reduce costs. The Company's future success will depend, in part, on its ability to address the needs of its customers by using technology to provide products and services that enhance customer convenience and that create additional efficiencies in the Company's operations. Many of the Company's competitors have greater resources to invest in technological improvements, and the Company may not effectively implement new technology-driven products and services, or do so as quickly as its competitors, which could reduce its ability to effectively compete. In addition, the necessary process of updating technology can itself lead to disruptions in availability or functioning of systems. Failure to successfully keep pace with technological change affecting the financial services industry could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition, and results of operations.

New lines of business or new products and services may subject the Company to additional risks.

From time to time, the Company may implement new lines of business or offer new products or services within existing lines of business. There can be substantial risks and uncertainties associated with these efforts, particularly in instances where the markets are not fully developed. In developing and marketing new lines of business and/or new products or services, the Company may invest significant time and resources. Initial timetables for the introduction and development of new lines of business and new products or services may not be achieved, and price and profitability targets may not prove feasible. External factors, such as compliance with regulations, competitive alternatives, and shifting market preferences, may also impact the successful implementation of a new line of business or a new product or service. Furthermore, any new line of business and new product or service could have a significant impact on the effectiveness of the Company's system of internal controls. Failure to successfully manage these risks in the development and implementation of new lines of business or new products or services could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition, and results of operations.

External Risks

The Company operates in a highly competitive industry and market area.

The Company faces substantial competition in all areas of its operations from a variety of different competitors, including traditional competitors that may be larger and have more financial resources and non-traditional competitors that may be subject to fewer regulatory constraints and may have lower cost structures. Traditional competitors primarily include national, regional, and community banks within the markets in which the Company operates. The Company also faces competition from many other types of financial institutions, including savings and loan associations, credit unions, personal loan and finance companies, retail and discount stockbrokers, investment advisers, mutual funds, insurance companies, and other financial intermediaries. In addition, technology has lowered barriers to entry and made it possible for non-banks to offer products and services, traditionally provided by banks, such as loans, automatic fund transfer and automatic payment systems. In particular, the activity and prominence of so-called marketplace lenders, FinTech companies, and other technology-driven financial services companies have grown significantly over recent years and are expected to continue growing.

The financial services industry could become even more competitive as a result of legislative, regulatory, and technological changes, further illiquidity in the credit markets, and continued consolidation. Banks, securities firms, and insurance companies can merge under the umbrella of a FHC, which can offer virtually any type of financial service, including banking, securities underwriting, insurance, and merchant banking. Due to their size, many competitors may be able to achieve economies of scale and, as a result, may offer a broader range of products and services, as well as better pricing for those products and services, than the Company can offer.

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The Company's ability to compete successfully depends on a number of factors, including:

•Developing, maintaining, and building long-term customer relationships.

•Expanding the Company's market position.

•Offering products and services at prices and with the features that meet customers' needs and demands.

•Introducing new products and services.

•Maintaining a satisfactory level of customer service.

•Anticipating and adjusting to changes in industry and general economic trends.

•Continued development and support of internet-based services.

Failure to perform in any of these areas could significantly weaken the Company's competitive position, which could adversely affect the Company's growth and profitability. This, in turn, could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition, and results of operations.

The Company's business may be adversely affected by conditions in the financial markets, the geographic areas in which the Company operates, and economic conditions generally.

The Company's financial performance depends to a large extent on the business environment in the Chicago market, the states of Illinois, Wisconsin, Indiana, and Iowa, and the U.S. as a whole. In particular, the business environment impacts the ability of borrowers to pay interest on and repay principal of outstanding loans, as well as the value of collateral securing those loans. A favorable business environment is generally characterized by economic growth, low unemployment, efficient capital markets, low inflation, high business and investor confidence, strong business earnings, and other factors. Unfavorable or uncertain economic and market conditions can be caused by declines in economic growth, business activity, or investor or business confidence, limitations on the availability or increases in the cost of credit and capital, increases in inflation or interest rates, high unemployment, natural disasters, or a combination of these or other factors.

During and after the so-called "Great Recession," the suburban metropolitan Chicago market, the states of Illinois, Wisconsin, Indiana, and Iowa, and the U.S. as a whole experienced a downward economic cycle, including a significant recession. While business growth across a wide range of industries and regions in the U.S. has gradually recovered, local governments and many businesses continue to experience financial difficulty. Since the recession, economic growth has been slow and uneven and there are continuing concerns related to the level of U.S. government debt and fiscal actions that may be taken to address that debt. In addition, there are significant concerns regarding the fiscal affairs and status of the State of Illinois and the City of Chicago. There can be no assurance that economic conditions will continue to improve, and these conditions could worsen. The economic conditions in the State of Illinois and City of Chicago could also encourage businesses operating in or residents living in these areas to leave the state or discourage employers from starting or growing their businesses in or moving their businesses to the state, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Periods of increased volatility in financial and other markets, such as those experienced recently with regard to COVID-19 (coronavirus), oil and other commodity prices and current rates, concerns over European sovereign debt risk, trade policies and tariffs affecting other countries, including China, the European Union, Canada, and Mexico and retaliatory tariffs by such countries, and those that may arise from global and political tensions can have a direct or indirect negative impact on the Company and our customers and introduce greater uncertainty into credit evaluation decisions and prospects for growth. Economic pressure on consumers and uncertainty regarding continuing economic improvement may also result in changes in consumer and business spending, borrowing and saving habits.

Such conditions could have a material adverse effect on the credit quality of the Company's loans or its business, financial condition, or results of operations, as well as other potential adverse impacts, including:

•There could be an increased level of commercial and consumer delinquencies, lack of consumer confidence, increased market volatility, and widespread reduction of business activity generally.

•There could be an increase in write-downs of asset values by financial institutions, such as the Company.

•The Company's ability to assess the creditworthiness of customers could be impaired if the models and approaches it uses to select, manage, and underwrite credits become less predictive of future performance.

•The process the Company uses to estimate losses inherent in the Company's loan portfolio requires difficult, subjective, and complex judgments. This process includes analysis of economic conditions and the impact of these economic conditions on borrowers' ability to repay their loans. The process could no longer be capable of accurate estimation and may, in turn, impact its reliability.

•The Bank could be required to pay significantly higher FDIC premiums in the future if losses further deplete the DIF.

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•The Company could face increased competition due to intensified consolidation of the financial services industry and from non-traditional financial services providers.

•The Company may be adversely affected by the soundness of other financial institutions, which are interrelated as a result of trading, clearing, counterparty, or other relationships.

Although market and economic conditions have improved in recent years, there can be no assurance that this improvement will continue. Deterioration in market or economic conditions could have an adverse effect, which may be material, on the Company's ability to access capital and on its business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Turmoil in the financial markets could result in lower fair values for the Company's investment securities.

Major disruptions in the capital markets experienced over the past decade have adversely affected investor demand for all classes of securities, excluding U.S. Treasury securities, and resulted in volatility in the fair values of the Company's investment securities. Significant prolonged reduced investor demand could manifest itself in lower fair values for these securities and may result in the recognition of other-than-temporary impairment ("OTTI"), which could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Municipal securities can also be impacted by the business environment of their geographic location. Although this type of security historically experienced extremely low default rates, municipal securities are subject to systemic risk since cash flows generally depend on (i) the ability of the issuing authority to levy and collect taxes or (ii) the ability of the issuer to charge for and collect payment for essential services rendered. If the issuer defaults on its payments, it may result in the recognition of OTTI or total loss, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Managing reputational risk is important to attracting and maintaining customers, investors, and employees.

Threats to the Company's reputation can come from many sources, including adverse sentiment about financial institutions generally, unethical practices, employee misconduct, failure to deliver minimum standards of service or quality, compliance deficiencies, and questionable or fraudulent activities of the Company's customers. The Company has policies and procedures in place that seek to protect its reputation and promote ethical conduct. Nonetheless, negative publicity may arise regarding the Company's business, employees, or customers, with or without merit, and could result in the loss of customers, investors, and employees, costly litigation, a decline in revenues, and increased governmental oversight. Negative publicity could have a material adverse impact on the Company's reputation, business, financial condition, results of operations, and liquidity.

The Company is subject to environmental liability risk associated with lending activities.

A significant portion of the Company's loan portfolio is secured by real property. During the ordinary course of business, the Company may foreclose on and take title to properties securing certain loans. There is a risk that hazardous or toxic substances could be found on these properties. If hazardous or toxic substances are found, the Company may be liable for remediation costs, as well as for personal injury and property damage. Environmental laws may require the Company to incur substantial expenses and could materially reduce the affected property's value or limit the Company's ability to sell the affected property or to repay the indebtedness secured by the property. In addition, future laws or more stringent interpretations or enforcement policies with respect to existing laws may increase the Company's exposure to environmental liability. Although the Company has policies and procedures to perform an environmental review before initiating any foreclosure action on real property, these reviews may not be sufficient to detect all potential environmental hazards. The remediation costs and any other financial liabilities associated with an environmental hazard could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition, results of operations, and liquidity.

Changes in the federal, state or local tax laws may negatively impact the Company's financial performance.

We are subject to changes in tax law that could increase our effective tax rates. These law changes may be retroactive to previous periods and as a result could negatively affect our current and future financial performance. Furthermore, the full impact of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("federal income tax reform") on us and our customers is unknown at present, creating uncertainty and risk related to our customers' future demand for credit and our future results. Increased economic activity expected to result from the decrease in federal income tax rates on businesses generally could spur additional economic activity that would encourage additional borrowing. At the same time, some customers may elect to use their additional cash flow from lower taxes to fund their existing levels of activity, decreasing borrowing needs. The elimination of the federal income tax deductibility of business interest expense for a significant number of our customers effectively increases the cost of borrowing and makes equity or hybrid funding relatively more attractive. This could have a long-term negative impact on business customer borrowing. We experienced a significant increase in our after-tax net income available to stockholders in 2018 and 2019, which we expect to continue in future years, as a result of the decrease in our effective tax rate. Some or all of this benefit

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could be lost to the extent that the banks and financial services companies we compete with elect to lower interest rates and fees and we are forced to respond in order to remain competitive. There is no assurance that presently anticipated benefits of federal income tax reform for the Company will be realized.

Legal/Compliance Risks

The Company and the Bank are subject to extensive government regulation and supervision and possible enforcement and other legal action.

The Company and the Bank are subject to extensive federal and state regulations and supervision. Banking regulations are primarily intended to protect depositors' funds, FDIC funds, and the banking system as a whole, not holders of our common stock. These regulations affect many aspects of the Company's business operations, lending practices, capital structure, investment practices, dividend policy, and growth. Congress and federal regulatory agencies continually review banking laws, regulations, policies, and other supervisory guidance for possible changes. Changes to statutes, regulations, regulatory policies, or other supervisory guidance, including changes in the interpretation or implementation of those regulations or policies, could affect the Company in substantial and unpredictable ways and could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition, and results of operations. These changes could subject the Company to additional costs, limit the types of financial products and services the Company may offer, limit the activities it is permitted to engage in, and increase the ability of non-banks to offer competing financial products and services. Failure to comply with laws, regulations, policies, or other regulatory guidance could result in civil or criminal sanctions by regulatory agencies, civil monetary penalties, and damage to the Company's reputation. Government authorities, including the bank regulatory agencies, are pursuing aggressive enforcement actions with respect to compliance and other legal matters involving financial activities. Any of these actions could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition, and results of operations. While the Company has policies and procedures designed to prevent any such violations, there can be no assurance that such violations will not occur. See "Supervision and Regulation" in Item 1, "Business," and Note 19 of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

The Company's business may be adversely affected in the future by the passage and implementation of legal and regulatory changes regarding banks and financial institutions.

The Dodd-Frank Act significantly changed the bank regulatory structure and affects the lending, deposit, investment, trading, and operating activities of financial institutions and their holding companies. The Dodd-Frank Act required various federal agencies to adopt a broad range of new rules and regulations and to prepare numerous studies and reports for Congress. Compliance with these laws and regulations has resulted, and will continue to result, in additional operating costs that have had an effect on the Company's business, financial condition, and results of operations.

There have been significant revisions to the laws and regulations applicable to financial institutions that have been enacted or proposed in recent months. These and other rules to implement the changes have yet to be finalized, and the final timing, scope and impact of these changes to the regulatory framework applicable to financial institutions remain uncertain.

See "Supervision and Regulation" in Item 1, "Business" of this Form 10-K for a discussion of several significant elements of the regulatory framework applicable to us, including the Volcker Rule and recent regulatory developments.

Compliance with any new requirements may cause the Company to hire additional compliance or other personnel, design and implement additional internal controls, or incur other significant expenses, any of which could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition, or results of operations. To ensure compliance with new requirements when effective, the Company's regulators may require the Company to fully comply with these requirements or take actions to prepare for compliance even before it might otherwise be required, which may cause the Company to incur compliance-related costs before it might otherwise be required. The Company's regulators may also consider its preparation for compliance with these regulatory requirements when examining its operations generally or considering any request for regulatory approval the Company may make, even requests for approvals on unrelated matters.

The level of the commercial real estate loan portfolio may subject the Company to additional regulatory scrutiny.

The FDIC, the Federal Reserve, and the OCC have issued joint guidance on sound risk management practices for financial institutions with concentrations in commercial real estate lending. Under the guidance, a financial institution that is actively involved in commercial real estate lending should perform a risk assessment to identify concentrations. A financial institution may have a concentration in commercial real estate lending if (i) total reported loans for construction, land development, and other land represent 100% or more of total capital or (ii) total reported loans secured by multi-family and non-farm residential properties, loans for construction, land development, and other land loans otherwise sensitive to the general commercial real estate market, including loans to commercial real estate related entities, represent 300% or more of total capital. The joint guidance provides that financial institutions should follow heightened risk management practices including board and

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management oversight and strategic planning, development of underwriting standards, risk assessment, and monitoring through market analysis and stress testing. The Company is currently in compliance with the joint guidance. If regulators determine the Company does not hold adequate capital in relation to its commercial real estate portfolio, or has not adequately implemented risk management practices, they could impose additional regulatory restrictions against the Company, which could have a material adverse impact on the Company's business, financial condition, and results of operations.

The Company is subject to a variety of claims, litigation, and other actions.

From time to time we are subject to claims, litigation, and other legal or regulatory proceedings relating to our business. These claims, litigation and proceedings may pertain to, among other things, fiduciary responsibilities, contract claims, employment matters, compliance with law or regulations, or the general operation of the Company's business. Currently, there are certain proceedings pending against the Company and its subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business. While the outcome of any claim, litigation or other proceeding is inherently uncertain, the Company's management believes that any liabilities arising from these pending matters would be immaterial based on information currently available. However, if actual results differ from management's expectations, it could have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition, or results of operations. For a detailed discussion on current legal proceedings, see Item 3, "Legal Proceedings," and Note 21 of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

Risks Related to Acquisition Activity

Future acquisitions may disrupt the Company's business and dilute stockholder value.

The Company strategically looks to acquire whole banks, branches of other banks, and non-banking organizations. The Company has recently been active in the merger and acquisition market and may consider future acquisitions to supplement internal growth opportunities, as permitted by regulators. Acquiring other banks, branches, or non-banks involves potential risks that could have a material adverse impact on the Company's business, financial condition, and results of operations, including:

•Exposure to unknown or contingent liabilities of acquired institutions.

•Disruption of the Company's business.

•Loss of key employees and customers of acquired institutions.

•Short-term decreases in profitability.

•Diversion of management's time and attention.

•Issues arising during transition and integration.

•Dilution in the ownership percentage of holders of the Company's common stock.

•Difficulty in estimating the value of the target company.

•Payment of a premium over book and market values that may dilute the Company's tangible book value and earnings per share in the short and long-term.

•Volatility in reported income as goodwill impairment losses could occur irregularly and in varying amounts.

•Inability to realize the expected revenue increases, cost savings, increases in geographic or product presence, and/or other projected benefits.

•Changes in banking or tax laws or regulations that could impair or eliminate the expected benefits of merger and acquisition activities.

From time to time, the Company may evaluate merger and acquisition opportunities and conduct due diligence activities related to possible transactions with other financial institutions and financial services companies. As a result, merger or acquisition discussions and negotiations may take place and future mergers or acquisitions involving cash, debt, or equity securities may occur at any time. Acquisitions may involve the payment of a premium over book and market values and, therefore, some dilution of the Company's tangible book value and net income per common share may occur in connection with any future transaction. Furthermore, failure to realize the expected revenue increases, cost savings, increases in geographic or product presence, or other projected benefits from an acquisition could have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition and results of operations. In addition, from time to time, bank regulators may restrict the Company from making acquisitions. See "Growth and Acquisitions" and "Supervision and Regulation" in Item 1, "Business," of this Form 10-K for additional detail and further discussion of these matters.

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Competition for acquisition candidates is intense.

Numerous potential acquirers compete with the Company for acquisition candidates. The Company may not be able to successfully identify and acquire suitable targets, which could slow the Company's growth and have a material adverse effect on its ability to compete in its markets.

Acquisitions may be delayed, impeded, or prohibited due to regulatory issues.

Acquisitions by financial institutions, including by the Company, are subject to approval by a variety of federal and state regulatory agencies (collectively, "regulatory approvals"). The process for obtaining these required regulatory approvals is complex and can be difficult. Regulatory approvals could be delayed, impeded, restrictively conditioned or denied due to new regulatory issues the Company may have with regulatory agencies, including, without limitation, issues related to Bank Secrecy Act compliance, CRA issues, fair lending laws, fair housing laws, consumer protection laws, unfair, deceptive, or abusive acts or practices regulations and other similar laws and regulations. The Company may fail to pursue, evaluate, or complete strategic and competitively significant acquisition opportunities as a result of its inability, or perceived or anticipated inability, to obtain regulatory approvals in a timely manner, under reasonable conditions, or at all. Difficulties associated with potential acquisitions that may result from these factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The valuations of acquired loans and OREO rely on estimates that may be inaccurate.

The Company performs a valuation of acquired loans and OREO. Although management makes various assumptions and judgments about the collectability of the acquired loans, including the creditworthiness of borrowers and the value of the real estate and other assets serving as collateral for the repayment of secured loans associated with these transactions, its estimates of the fair value of assets acquired could be inaccurate. Valuing these assets using inaccurate assumptions could materially and adversely affect the Company's business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Risks Associated with the Company's Common Stock

The Company's stock price can be volatile.

Stock price volatility may make it more difficult for you to resell your common stock when you want and at prices you find attractive. The Company's common stock price can fluctuate significantly in response to a variety of factors including:

•Actual or anticipated variations in quarterly results of operations.

•Recommendations by securities analysts.

•Operating and stock price performance of other companies that investors deem comparable to the Company.

•News reports relating to trends, concerns, and other issues in the financial services industry.

•Perceptions in the marketplace regarding the Company and/or its competitors.

•New technology used or services offered by competitors.

•Significant acquisitions or business combinations, strategic partnerships, joint ventures, or capital commitments by or involving the Company or its competitors.

•Failure to integrate acquisitions or realize anticipated benefits from acquisitions.

•Changes in government regulations.

•Geopolitical conditions, such as acts or threats of terrorism or military conflicts.

•Lack of an adequate market for the shares of our stock.

General market fluctuations, industry factors, and general economic and political conditions and events, such as economic slowdowns or recessions, interest rate changes, or credit loss trends, could also cause the Company's common stock price to decrease regardless of operating results.

The Company's Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated By-laws, as well as certain banking laws, may have an anti-takeover effect.

Provisions of the Company's Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated By-laws and federal banking laws, including regulatory approval requirements, could make it more difficult for a third-party to acquire the Company, even if doing so would be perceived to be beneficial by the Company's stockholders. The combination of these provisions effectively inhibits a non-negotiated merger or other business combination, which, in turn, could adversely affect the market price of the Company's common stock.

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The Company may issue additional securities, which could dilute the ownership percentage of holders of the Company's common stock.

The Company may issue additional securities to raise additional capital, finance acquisitions, or for other corporate purposes, or in connection with its share-based compensation plans or retirement plans, and, if it does, the ownership percentage of holders of the Company's common stock could be diluted, potentially materially.

The Company has not established a minimum dividend payment level, and it cannot ensure its ability to pay dividends in the future.

The Company's fourth quarter 2019 cash dividend was $0.14 per share. The Company has not established a minimum dividend payment level, and the amount of its dividend, if any, may fluctuate. All dividends will be made at the discretion of the Company's Board of Directors (the "Board") and will depend on the Company's earnings, financial condition, and such other factors as the Board may deem relevant from time to time. The Board may, at its discretion, further reduce or eliminate dividends or change its dividend policy in the future.

In addition, the Federal Reserve issued Federal Reserve Supervision and Regulation Letter SR-09-4, which reiterates and heightens expectations that bank holding companies inform and consult with Federal Reserve supervisory staff prior to declaring and paying a dividend that exceeds earnings for the period for which the dividend is being paid. If the Company experiences losses in a series of consecutive quarters, it may be required to inform and consult with the Federal Reserve supervisory staff prior to declaring or paying any dividends. In this event, there can be no assurance that the Company's regulators will approve the payment of such dividends.

Offerings of debt, which would be senior to the Company's common stock upon liquidation, and/or preferred equity securities, which may be senior to the Company's common stock for purposes of dividend distributions or upon liquidation, may adversely affect the market price of the Company's common stock.

The Company may attempt to increase capital or raise additional capital by making additional offerings of debt or preferred equity securities, including trust-preferred securities, senior or subordinated notes, and preferred stock. In the event of liquidation, holders of the Company's debt securities and shares of preferred stock and lenders with respect to other borrowings will receive distributions of the Company's available assets prior to the holders of the Company's common stock. Additional equity offerings may dilute the holdings of the Company's existing stockholders or reduce the market price of the Company's common stock, or both. Holders of the Company's common stock are not entitled to preemptive rights or other protections against dilution.

The Board is authorized to issue one or more series of preferred stock from time to time without any action on the part of the Company's stockholders. The Board also has the power, without stockholder approval, to set the terms of any such classes or series of preferred stock that may be issued, including voting rights, dividend rights, and preferences over the Company's common stock with respect to dividends or upon the Company's dissolution, winding-up, liquidation, and other terms. If the Company issues preferred stock in the future that has a preference over the Company's common stock with respect to the payment of dividends or upon liquidation, or if the Company issues preferred stock with voting rights that dilute the voting power of the Company's common stock, the rights of holders of the Company's common stock or the market price of the Company's common stock could be adversely affected.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

The corporate headquarters of the Company are located at 8750 West Bryn Mawr Avenue, Suite 1300, Chicago, Illinois, and are leased from an unaffiliated third-party. The Company conducts business through 127 banking locations largely located in various communities throughout the greater Chicago metropolitan area, as well as southeast Wisconsin, northwest Indiana, central and western Illinois, and eastern Iowa. Approximately 70%, of the Company's banking locations are leased and 30% are owned.

The Company owns 178 ATMs, most of which are housed at banking locations. Some ATMs are independently located. In addition, the Company owns other real property that, when considered individually or in the aggregate, is not material to the Company's financial position.

The Company believes its facilities in the aggregate are suitable and adequate to operate its banking business. Additional information regarding premises and equipment is presented in Note 8 of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

In the ordinary course of business, there were certain legal proceedings pending against the Company and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2019. While the outcome of any legal proceeding is inherently uncertain, based on information currently available, the Company's management does not expect that any liabilities arising from pending legal matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition, or results of operations.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

PART II

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY,

RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS, AND

ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

The Company's common stock is traded under the symbol "FMBI" in the NASDAQ Global Select Market tier of the NASDAQ Stock Market. As of December 31, 2019, there were 2,145 stockholders of record, a number that does not include beneficial owners who hold shares in "street name" (or stockholders from previously acquired companies that had not yet exchanged their stock).


	2019														2018
	Fourth		Third		Second		First		Fourth		Third		Second		First
Market price of common stock
High	$	23.64	$	21.89	$	21.99	$	23.68	$	27.38	$	27.70	$	27.40	$	26.55
Low	18.48		18.29		19.39		19.43		18.10		25.31		23.93		23.44
Cash dividends declared per common share	0.14		0.14		0.14		0.12		0.12		0.11		0.11		0.11

Payment of future dividends is within the discretion of the Board and will depend on the Company's earnings, capital requirements, financial condition, dividends from the Bank to the Company, and such other factors as the Board may deem relevant from time to time. The Board makes the dividend determination on a quarterly basis. Further discussion of the Company's approach to the payment of dividends is included in the "Management of Capital" section of "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in Item 7 of this Form 10-K.

A discussion regarding the regulatory restrictions applicable to the Bank's ability to pay dividends to the Company is included in the "Business – Supervision and Regulation – Dividends" and "Risk Factors – Risks Associated with the Company's Common Stock" sections in Items 1 and 1A, respectively, of this Form 10-K.

For a description of the securities authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans, see Item 12, "Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters," of this Form 10-K.

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Stock Performance Graph

The graph below illustrates the cumulative total return (defined as stock price appreciation assuming the reinvestment of all dividends) to holders of the Company's common stock compared to a broad-market total return equity index, the NASDAQ Composite, and two published industry total return equity indices, the NASDAQ Banks index and KBW NASDAQ Regional Banking index ("^KRX"), over a five-year period. For the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company included only the NASDAQ Composite and NASDAQ Banks indices as comparators in the stock performance graph. The Company believes that the ^KRX index provides a more meaningful comparison to the Company's cumulative total return performance than the NASDAQ Banks index since the ^KRX consists of U.S. regional banks similar to the Company, including based on size, structure, operations and lines of business, and regional presence. By contrast, the NASDAQ Banks index includes all publicly-traded banks listed on NASDAQ, including some that differ substantially from the Company in terms of size, structure, operations and lines of business, and geographic presence. Therefore, in future Form 10-K filings, the stock performance graph will include the NASDAQ Composite and ^KRX indices and no longer include the NASDAQ Banks index.

Comparison of Five-Year Cumulative Total Return Among

First Midwest Bancorp, Inc., the NASDAQ Composite, the ^KRX and the NASDAQ Banks⁽¹⁾


	2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019
First Midwest Bancorp, Inc.	$	100.00	$	109.89	$	153.21	$	148.23	$	124.64	$	148.89
NASDAQ Composite	100.00		106.96		116.45		150.96		146.67		200.49

NASDAQ Banks	100.00		107.08		147.27		155.68		129.17		160.44
^KRX	100.00		106.72		145.77		147.58		119.02		147.89

⁽¹⁾Assumes $100 invested on December 31, 2014 with the reinvestment of all related dividends.

To the extent this Form 10-K is incorporated by reference into any other filing by the Company under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, the foregoing "Stock Performance Graph" will not be deemed incorporated, unless specifically provided otherwise in such filing and shall not otherwise be deemed filed under such acts.

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Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table summarizes the Company's monthly common stock purchases during the fourth quarter of 2019. The Board approved a stock repurchase program, which became effective on March 19, 2019, under which the Company was authorized repurchase up to $180 million of its outstanding common stock. The Company repurchased $33.9 million of its common stock under this program through December 31, 2019. On February 19, 2020, the Board approved a new stock repurchase program, under which the Company is authorized to repurchase up to $200 million of its outstanding common stock through December 31, 2021. This new stock repurchase program replaces the prior $180 million program, which was scheduled to expire in March 2020. The following table summarizes the Company's monthly common stock repurchases during the fourth quarter of 2019.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities


	Total Number of Shares Purchased⁽¹⁾	Average Price Paid per Share		Dollar Value of Shares Purchased as Part of a Publicly Announced Plan or Program	Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plan or Program
October 1 – October 31, 2019	80	$	19.16	—	$	146,072,296
November 1 – November 30, 2019	—	—		—	146,072,296
December 1 – December 31, 2019	894	22.80		—	146,072,296
Total	974	$	22.50	—

⁽¹⁾Consists of shares acquired pursuant to the Company's Board-approved stock repurchase program and the Company's share-based compensation plans. Under the terms of the Company's share-based compensation plans, the Company accepts previously owned shares of common stock surrendered to satisfy tax withholding obligations associated with the vesting of restricted stock.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

None.

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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

Consolidated financial information reflecting a summary of the results of operations and financial condition of the Company for each of the five years in the period ended December 31, 2019 is presented in the following table. This summary should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements, and accompanying notes thereto, and other financial information included in Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data," of this Form 10-K. A more detailed discussion and analysis of the factors affecting the Company's financial condition and results of operations is presented in Item 7, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," of this Form 10-K.


	As of or for the Years Ended December 31,
	2019			2018			2017			2016			2015
Results of Operations (Amounts in thousands, except per share data)
Net income	$	199,738		$	157,870		$	98,387		$	92,349		$	82,064
Net income applicable to common shares	198,057			156,558			97,471			91,306			81,182
Per Common Share Data
Basic earnings per common share	$	1.83		$	1.52		$	0.96		$	1.14		$	1.05
Diluted earnings per common share	1.82			1.52			0.96			1.14			1.05
Diluted earnings per common share, adjusted⁽¹⁾	1.98			1.67			1.35			1.22			1.13
Common dividends declared	0.54			0.45			0.39			0.36			0.36
Book value at year end	21.56			19.32			18.16			15.46			14.70
Tangible book value at year end⁽¹⁾	13.60			11.88			10.81			10.95			10.35
Market price at year end	23.06			19.81			24.01			25.23			18.43
Performance Ratios
Return on average common equity	8.74		%	8.14		%	5.32		%	7.38		%	7.17		%
Return on average common equity, adjusted⁽¹⁾	9.50		%	8.91		%	7.45		%	7.86		%	7.70		%
Return on average tangible common equity	14.50		%	13.87		%	9.44		%	10.77		%	10.44		%
Return on average tangible common equity, adjusted⁽¹⁾	15.71		%	15.13		%	13.06		%	11.45		%	11.19		%
Return on average assets	1.17		%	1.07		%	0.70		%	0.84		%	0.85		%
Return on average assets, adjusted⁽¹⁾	1.28		%	1.17		%	0.98		%	0.90		%	0.91		%
Tax-equivalent net interest margin⁽¹⁾	3.90		%	3.90		%	3.87		%	3.60		%	3.68		%
Non-performing loans to total loans	0.68		%	0.57		%	0.68		%	0.78		%	0.45		%
Non-performing assets to total loans plus foreclosed assets	0.85		%	0.70		%	0.89		%	1.12		%	0.88		%
Balance Sheet Highlights
Total assets	$	17,850,397		$	15,505,649		$	14,077,052		$	11,422,555		$	9,732,676
Total loans	12,840,330			11,446,783			10,437,812			8,254,145			7,161,715
Deposits	13,251,278			12,084,112			11,053,325			8,828,603			8,097,738
Senior and subordinated debt	233,948			203,808			195,170			194,603			201,208

Stockholders' equity	2,370,793			2,054,998			1,864,874			1,257,080			1,146,268
Financial Ratios
Allowance for credit losses to total loans	0.85		%	0.90		%	0.93		%	1.06		%	1.05		%
Net charge-offs to average loans	0.31		%	0.38		%	0.21		%	0.24		%	0.29		%
Total capital to risk-weighted assets	12.96		%	12.62		%	12.15		%	12.23		%	11.15		%
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets	10.52		%	10.20		%	10.10		%	9.90		%	10.28		%
CET1 to risk-weighted assets	10.52		%	10.20		%	9.68		%	9.39		%	9.73		%
Tier 1 capital to average assets	8.81		%	8.90		%	8.99		%	8.99		%	9.40		%
Tangible common equity to tangible assets	8.81		%	8.59		%	8.33		%	8.05		%	8.59		%
Dividend payout ratio	29.51		%	29.61		%	40.63		%	31.58		%	34.29		%
Dividend payout ratio, adjusted⁽¹⁾	27.27		%	26.95		%	28.89		%	29.51		%	31.86		%

⁽¹⁾This ratio is a non-GAAP financial measure. For a discussion of non-GAAP financial measures, see the "Non-GAAP Financial Information and Reconciliations" section of "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in Item 7 of this Form 10-K.

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL

CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

INTRODUCTION

First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. is a bank holding company headquartered in Chicago, Illinois with operations throughout metropolitan Chicago, southeast Wisconsin, northwest Indiana, central and western Illinois, and eastern Iowa. Our principal subsidiary, First Midwest Bank, and other affiliates provide a full range of commercial, treasury management, equipment leasing, consumer, wealth management, trust, and private banking products and services through 127 banking locations. We are committed to meeting the financial needs of the people and businesses in the communities where we live and work by providing banking and wealth management solutions, quality products, and innovative services that fulfill those financial needs.

The following discussion and analysis is intended to address the significant factors affecting our Consolidated Statements of Income for the three years ended December 31, 2019 and Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of December 31, 2019 and 2018. Certain reclassifications were made to prior year amounts to conform to the current year presentation. When we use the terms "First Midwest," the "Company," "we," "us," and "our," we mean First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. When we use the term "Bank," we are referring to our wholly-owned banking subsidiary, First Midwest Bank. Management's discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements, accompanying notes thereto, and other financial information presented in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

Our results of operations are affected by various factors, many of which are beyond our control, including interest rates, local and national economic conditions, business spending, consumer confidence, legislative and regulatory changes, certain seasonal factors, and changes in real estate and securities markets. Our management evaluates performance using a variety of qualitative and quantitative metrics. The primary quantitative metrics used by management include:

•Net Interest Income – Net interest income, our primary source of revenue, equals the difference between interest income and fees earned on interest-earning assets and interest expense incurred on interest-bearing liabilities.

•Net Interest Margin – Net interest margin equals tax-equivalent net interest income divided by total average interest-earning assets.

•Noninterest Income – Noninterest income is the income we earn from fee-based revenues, investment in bank-owned life insurance ("BOLI"), other income, and non-operating revenues.

•Noninterest Expense – Noninterest expense is the expense we incur to operate the Company, which includes salaries and employee benefits, net occupancy and equipment, professional services, and other costs.

•Asset Quality – Asset quality represents an estimation of the quality of our loan portfolio, including an assessment of the credit risk related to existing and potential loss exposure, and can be evaluated using a number of quantitative measures, such as non-performing loans to total loans.

•Regulatory Capital – Our regulatory capital is classified in one of the following tiers: (i) CET1, which consists of common equity and retained earnings, less goodwill and other intangible assets and a portion of disallowed deferred tax assets ("DTAs"), (ii) Tier 1 capital, which consists of CET1 and the remaining portion of disallowed DTAs, and (iii) Tier 2 capital, which includes qualifying subordinated debt, qualifying trust-preferred securities, and the allowance for credit losses, subject to limitations.

Some of these metrics may be presented on a basis not in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("non-GAAP"). For detail on our non-GAAP measures, see the discussion in the section of this Item 7 titled "Non-GAAP Financial Information and Reconciliations." Unless otherwise stated, all earnings per common share data included in this section and throughout the remainder of this discussion are presented on a fully diluted basis.

A quarterly summary of operations for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 is included in the section of this Item 7 titled "Quarterly Earnings."

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Form 10-K, as well as any oral statements made by or on behalf of First Midwest, may contain certain "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as "may," "might," "will," "would," "should," "could," "expect," "plan," "intend," "anticipate," "believe," "estimate," "outlook," "predict," "project," "probable," "potential," "possible," "target," "continue," "look forward," or "assume," and words of similar import. Forward-looking statements are not historical facts or guarantees of future performance but instead express only management's beliefs regarding future results or events, many of which, by their nature, are inherently uncertain and outside of management's control. It is possible that actual results and events may differ, possibly materially, from the anticipated results or events indicated in these forward-looking statements. We caution

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you not to place undue reliance on these statements. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this report, and we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements.

Forward-looking statements may be deemed to include, among other things, statements relating to our future financial performance, including the related outlook for 2020, the performance of our loan or securities portfolio, the expected amount of future credit reserves or charge-offs, corporate strategies or objectives, including the impact of certain actions and initiatives, our Delivering Excellence initiative, including costs and benefits associated therewith and the timing thereof, anticipated trends in our business, regulatory developments, the impact of federal income tax reform legislation, acquisition transactions, including our proposed acquisition of Bankmanagers, estimated synergies, cost savings and financial benefits of completed transactions, and growth strategies, including possible future acquisitions. These statements are subject to certain risks, uncertainties, and assumptions. These risks, uncertainties, and assumptions include, among other things, the following:

•Management's ability to reduce and effectively manage interest rate risk and the impact of interest rates in general on the volatility of our net interest income.

•Asset and liability matching risks and liquidity risks.

•Fluctuations in the value of our investment securities.

•The ability to attract and retain senior management experienced in banking and financial services.

•The sufficiency of the allowance for credit losses to absorb the amount of actual losses inherent in the existing loan portfolio.

•The models and assumptions underlying the establishment of the allowance for credit losses and estimation of values of collateral and various financial assets and liabilities may be inadequate.

•Credit risks and risks from concentrations (by geographic area and by industry) within our loan portfolio.

•Changes in the economic environment, competition, or other factors that may influence the anticipated growth rate of loans and deposits, the quality of the loan portfolio, and loan and deposit pricing.

•Changes in general economic or industry conditions, nationally or in the communities in which we conduct business.

•Volatility of rate sensitive deposits.

•Our ability to adapt successfully to technological changes to compete effectively in the marketplace.

•Operational risks, including data processing system failures, vendor failures, fraud, or breaches.

•Our ability to successfully pursue acquisition and expansion strategies and integrate any acquired companies.

•The impact of liabilities arising from legal or administrative proceedings, enforcement of bank regulations, and enactment or application of laws or regulations.

•Governmental monetary and fiscal policies and legislative and regulatory changes (including those implementing provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act) that may result in the imposition of costs and constraints through, for example, higher FDIC insurance premiums, significant fluctuations in market interest rates, increases in capital or liquidity requirements, operational limitations, or compliance costs.

•Changes in federal and state tax laws or interpretations, including changes affecting tax rates, income not subject to tax under existing law and interpretations, income sourcing, or consolidation/combination rules.

•Changes in accounting principles, policies, or guidelines affecting the business we conduct.

•Acts of war or terrorism, natural disasters, pandemics, and other external events.

•Other economic, competitive, governmental, regulatory, and technological factors affecting our operations, products, services, and prices.

For a further discussion of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, you should refer to the section entitled "Risk Factors" in Item 1A in this report, this "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and our subsequent filings made with the SEC. However, these risks and uncertainties are not exhaustive. Other sections of this report describe additional factors that could adversely impact our business and financial performance.

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PENDING ADOPTION OF THE CURRENT EXPECTED CREDIT LOSSES STANDARD

The Company will adopt Accounting Standards Update 2016-13 on January 1, 2020, as issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board. Management is continuing its implementation efforts, which are led by a cross-functional working group. Management is in the process of determining the impact of the adoption of this guidance on the Company's financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, and regulatory capital ratios. Management has completed its development of the forecasting model for all portfolio segments, which includes the establishment of economic factors, a one-year forecast period, and a one-year reversion to the historical average after the forecast period. Management will continue to evaluate and refine the overall process as well as its internal controls through the first quarter of 2020. Based on current economic conditions, management expects the allowance for credit losses to increase approximately 65% to 85%, or $70 million to $95 million, upon adoption, which includes approximately 45%, or $50 million, attributable to acquired loans. Approximately $30 million of the acquired loan impact is related to the transition from current purchased credit impaired treatment to purchased credit deteriorated treatment, which has no impact on regulatory capital. Tier 1 capital ratios are expected to decrease 25 to 40 basis points upon adoption, which management believes can be absorbed by the Company's earnings over one to two quarters. However, the extent of the increase in the allowance for credit losses to total loans will depend on the composition of the loan portfolio, as well as the economic conditions and forecasts as of the adoption date. For additional discussion of accounting pronouncements pending adoption, see Note 2 of "Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements" in Part 1, Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

SIGNIFICANT EVENTS

Pending Acquisitions

Park Bank

On August 27, 2019, the Company entered into a merger agreement to acquire Bankmanagers, the holding company for Park Bank, based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. As of September 30, 2019, Bankmanagers had approximately $1.0 billion of assets, $875 million of deposits, and $700 million of loans. The merger agreement provides for a fixed exchange ratio of 29.9675 shares of Company common stock, plus $623.02 of cash, for each share of Bankmanagers common stock, subject to certain adjustments. As of the date of announcement, the overall transaction was valued at approximately $195 million. The transaction is subject to customary regulatory approvals and the completion of various closing conditions.

Completed Acquisitions

Bridgeview Bancorp, Inc.

On May 9, 2019, the Company completed its acquisition of Bridgeview, the holding company for Bridgeview Bank Group. At closing, the Company acquired $1.2 billion of assets, $1.0 billion of deposits, and $710.6 million of loans, net of fair value adjustments. The merger consideration totaled $135.4 million and consisted of 4.7 million shares of Company common stock and $37.1 million of cash. All Bridgeview operating systems were converted to our operating platform during the second quarter of 2019.

Northern Oak Wealth Management, Inc.

On January 16, 2019, the Company completed its acquisition of Northern Oak, a registered investment adviser based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin with approximately $800 million of assets under management at closing.

Northern States Financial Corporation

On October 12, 2018, the Company completed its acquisition of Northern States, the holding company for NorStates Bank, based in Waukegan, Illinois. At closing, the Company acquired $579.3 million of assets, $463.2 million of deposits, and $284.9 million of loans, net of fair value adjustments. The merger consideration totaled $83.3 million and consisted of 3.3 million shares of Company common stock. All Northern States operating systems were converted to our operating platform during the fourth quarter of 2018.

Delivering Excellence Initiative

During 2018, the Company initiated certain actions in connection with its Delivering Excellence initiative. This initiative further demonstrates the Company's ongoing commitment to providing service excellence to its clients, as well as maximizing both the efficiency and scalability of its operating platform. Components of Delivering Excellence include improved delivery of services to clients through streamlined processes, the consolidation or closing of 19 locations, organizational realignments, and several revenue growth opportunities. The implementation of this initiative resulted in pre-tax implementation costs of $1.2 million and $20.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

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PERFORMANCE OVERVIEW

Table 1

Selected Financial Data

(Dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data)


	Years Ended December 31,
	2019			2018			2017
Operating Results
Interest income	$	698,739		$	582,492		$	509,716
Interest expense	110,257			65,870			37,712
Net interest income	588,482			516,622			472,004
Provision for loan losses	44,027			47,854			31,290
Noninterest income	162,879			144,592			163,149
Noninterest expense	441,395			416,303			415,909
Income before income tax expense	265,939			197,057			187,954
Income tax expense	66,201			39,187			89,567
Net income	$	199,738		$	157,870		$	98,387
Weighted-average diluted common shares outstanding	108,584			102,854			101,443
Diluted earnings per common share	$	1.82		$	1.52		$	0.96
Diluted earnings per common share, adjusted⁽¹⁾	$	1.98		$	1.67		$	1.35
Performance Ratios
Return on average common equity	8.74		%	8.14		%	5.32		%
Return on average common equity, adjusted⁽¹⁾	9.50		%	8.91		%	7.45		%
Return on average tangible common equity	14.50		%	13.87		%	9.44		%
Return on average tangible common equity, adjusted⁽¹⁾	15.71		%	15.13		%	13.06		%
Return on average assets	1.17		%	1.07		%	0.70		%
Return on average assets, adjusted⁽¹⁾	1.28		%	1.17		%	0.98		%
Tax-equivalent net interest margin⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾	3.90		%	3.90		%	3.87		%
Tax-equivalent net interest margin, adjusted⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾	3.67		%	3.75		%	3.59		%
Efficiency ratio⁽¹⁾	55.00		%	57.87		%	60.09		%

⁽¹⁾This item is a non-GAAP financial measure. For a discussion of non-GAAP financial measures, see the section of this Item 7 titled "Non-GAAP Financial Information and Reconciliations."

⁽²⁾See the section of this Item 7 titled "Earnings Performance" below for additional discussion and calculation of this metric.

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	As of December 31,
	2019			2018			$ Change		% Change
Balance Sheet Highlights
Total assets	$	17,850,397		$	15,505,649		$	2,344,748	15.1
Total loans	12,840,330			11,446,783			1,393,547		12.2
Total deposits	13,251,278			12,084,112			1,167,166		9.7
Core deposits	10,217,824			9,543,208			674,616		7.1
Loans to deposits	96.9		%	94.7		%
Core deposits to total deposits	77.1		%	79.0		%
Asset Quality Highlights
Non-accrual loans	$	82,269		$	56,935		$	25,334	44.5
90 days or more past due loans, still accruing interest⁽¹⁾	5,001			8,282			(3,281)		(39.6)
Total non-performing loans	87,270			65,217			22,053		33.8
Accruing troubled debt restructurings ("TDRs")	1,233			1,866			(633)		(33.9)
Foreclosed assets⁽²⁾	20,458			12,821			7,637		59.6
Total non-performing assets	$	108,961		$	79,904		$	29,057	36.4
30-89 days past due loans⁽¹⁾	$	31,958		$	37,524		$	(5,566)	(14.8)
Non-performing assets to loans plus foreclosed assets	0.85		%	0.70		%
Allowance for Credit Losses
Allowance for credit losses	$	109,222		$	103,419		$	5,803	5.6
Allowance for credit losses to total loans⁽³⁾	0.85		%	0.90		%
Allowance for credit losses to total loans, excluding acquired loans⁽⁴⁾	0.95		%	1.01		%
Allowance for credit losses to non-accrual loans⁽³⁾	132.76		%	181.64		%

⁽¹⁾Purchased credit impaired ("PCI") loans with accretable yield are considered current and are not included in past due loan totals.

⁽²⁾Foreclosed assets consists of OREO and other foreclosed assets acquired in partial or total satisfaction of defaulted loans. Other foreclosed assets are included in other assets in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition.

⁽³⁾This ratio includes acquired loans that are recorded at fair value through an acquisition adjustment, which incorporates credit risk as of the acquisition date with no allowance for credit losses being established at that time. As the acquisition adjustment is accreted into income over future periods, an allowance for credit losses on acquired loans is established as necessary to reflect credit deterioration. A discussion of the allowance for acquired loan losses and the related acquisition adjustment is presented in the section of this Item 7 titled "Loan Portfolio and Credit Quality."

⁽⁴⁾This item is a non-GAAP financial measure. For a discussion of non-GAAP financial measures, see the section of this Item 7 titled "Non-GAAP Financial Information and Reconciliations."

EARNINGS PERFORMANCE

Net Interest Income

Net interest income is our primary source of revenue and is impacted by interest rates and the volume and mix of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. The accounting policies for the recognition of interest income on loans, securities, and other interest-earning assets are presented in Note 1 of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

Our accounting and reporting policies conform to GAAP and general practices within the banking industry. For purposes of this discussion, both net interest income and net interest margin have been adjusted to a fully tax-equivalent basis to more appropriately compare the returns on certain tax-exempt loans and securities to those on taxable interest-earning assets. The effect of this adjustment is shown at the bottom of Table 2. Although we believe that these non-GAAP financial measures enhance investors' understanding of our business and performance, they should not be considered an alternative to GAAP. For a discussion of non-GAAP financial measures, see the section of this Item 7 titled "Non-GAAP Financial Information and Reconciliations."

Table 2 summarizes our average interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017, the related interest income and interest expense for each earning asset category and funding source, and the average interest rates earned and paid. Table 3 details differences in interest income and expense from prior years and the extent to which any changes are attributable to volume and rate fluctuations.

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Table 2

Net Interest Income and Margin Analysis

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Years Ended December 31,
	2019									2018						2017
	Average Balance		Interest		Yield/ Rate (%)	Average Balance		Interest		Yield/ Rate (%)	Average Balance		Interest		Yield/ Rate (%)
Assets
Other interest-earning assets	$	206,206	$	4,893	2.37	$	142,202	$	2,047	1.44	$	229,814	$	2,643	1.15
Securities:
Trading - taxable⁽¹⁾	—		—		—	—		—		—	19,462		251		1.29
Equity - taxable⁽¹⁾	38,430		624		1.62	30,140		505		1.68	—		—		—
Investment securities - taxable	2,405,269		65,668		2.73	1,946,759		50,339		2.59	1,681,978		35,569		2.11
Investment securities - nontaxable⁽²⁾	249,830		8,413		3.37	232,309		5,060		2.18	262,169		9,759		3.72
Total securities	2,693,529		74,705		2.77	2,209,208		55,904		2.53	1,963,609		45,579		2.32
FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank stock	98,724		3,421		3.47	81,434		2,747		3.37	60,649		1,626		2.68
Loans⁽²⁾⁽³⁾	12,197,917		620,592		5.09	10,921,795		526,068		4.82	10,163,119		467,829		4.60
Total interest-earning assets⁽²⁾⁽³⁾	15,196,376		703,611		4.63	13,354,639		586,766		4.39	12,417,191		517,677		4.17
Cash and due from banks	220,944					196,709					187,219
Allowance for loan losses	(109,880)					(101,039)					(95,054)
Other assets	1,699,621					1,351,272					1,469,337
Total assets	$	17,007,061				$	14,801,581				$	13,978,693
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Savings deposits	$	2,054,572	1,220		0.06	$	2,031,001	1,464		0.07	$	2,039,986	1,568		0.08
NOW accounts	2,280,956		10,573		0.46	2,088,317		6,566		0.31	1,990,021		2,640		0.13
Money market deposits	1,995,196		13,481		0.68	1,794,363		5,409		0.30	1,925,273		2,739		0.14
Total interest-bearing core deposits	6,330,724		25,274		0.40	5,913,681		13,439		0.23	5,955,280		6,947		0.12
Time deposits	2,890,827		52,324		1.81	1,979,530		24,335		1.23	1,558,831		9,237		0.59
Total interest-bearing deposits	9,221,551		77,598		0.84	7,893,211		37,774		0.48	7,514,111		16,184		0.22
Borrowed funds	1,210,246		18,228		1.51	946,536		15,388		1.63	622,091		9,100		1.46
Senior and subordinated debt	223,148		14,431		6.47	197,564		12,708		6.43	194,891		12,428		6.38
Total interest-bearing liabilities	10,654,945		110,257		1.03	9,037,311		65,870		0.73	8,331,093		37,712		0.45
Demand deposits	3,772,276					3,600,369					3,520,737
Total funding sources	14,427,221				0.76	12,637,680				0.52	11,851,830				0.32
Other liabilities	312,487					241,374					293,983
Stockholders' equity - common	2,267,353					1,922,527					1,832,880

Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	17,007,061				$	14,801,581				$	13,978,693
Tax-equivalent net interest income/margin⁽²⁾			593,354		3.90			520,896		3.90			479,965		3.87
Tax-equivalent adjustment			(4,872)					(4,274)					(7,961)
Net interest income (GAAP)			$	588,482				$	516,622				$	472,004
Impact of acquired loan accretion⁽²⁾			$	35,578	0.23			$	19,548	0.15			$	33,923	0.28
Tax-equivalent net interest income/margin, adjusted⁽²⁾			$	557,776	3.67			$	501,348	3.75			$	446,042	3.59

⁽¹⁾As a result of accounting guidance adopted in 2018, equity securities are no longer presented within trading securities or securities available-for-sale and are now presented as equity securities in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition for periods subsequent to December 31, 2017.

⁽²⁾Interest income and yields on tax-exempt securities and loans are presented on a tax-equivalent basis, assuming the applicable federal income tax rate for each period presented. As a result, interest income and yields on tax-exempt securities and loans subsequent to December 31, 2017 are presented at the current federal income tax rate of 21% and the prior periods are presented using the federal income tax rate applicable at that time of 35%. The corresponding income tax impact related to tax-exempt items is recorded in income tax expense. These adjustments have no impact on net income. For a discussion of tax-equivalent net interest income/margin, net interest income (GAAP), and tax-equivalent net interest income/margin, adjusted, see the section of this Item 7 titled "Non-GAAP Financial Information and Reconciliations."

⁽³⁾Non-accrual loans, which totaled $82.3 million as of December 31, 2019, $56.9 million as of December 31, 2018, and $66.9 million as of December 31, 2017, are included in loans for purposes of this analysis. Additional detail regarding non-accrual loans is presented in the section of this Item 7 titled "Non-Performing Assets and Performing Potential Problem Loans."

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2019 Compared to 2018

Net interest income was $588.5 million for 2019 compared to $516.6 million for 2018, an increase of 13.9%. The rise in net interest income resulted primarily from growth in loans and securities, the impact of higher market rates on loan and investment yields, higher acquired loan accretion, and the acquisition of interest-earning assets from the Bridgeview transaction in the second quarter of 2019 and the Northern States transaction in the fourth quarter of 2018, partially offset by higher cost of funds.

Acquired loan accretion contributed $35.6 million and $19.5 million to net interest income for 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Tax-equivalent net interest margin was 3.90% for 2019 consistent with 2018. Excluding the impact of acquired loan accretion, tax-equivalent net interest margin was 3.67%, down 8 basis points from 2018. The decrease was driven primarily by actions taken to reduce rate sensitivity and higher cost of funds, partially offset by the impact of higher yields on loans and securities.

Total average interest-earning assets were $15.2 billion for 2019, an increase of $1.8 billion, or 13.8%, from 2018. The increase resulted from growth in loans and securities purchases as well as the acquisition of interest-earning assets from the Bridgeview and Northern States transactions.

Total average interest-bearing liabilities were $10.7 billion for 2019, an increase of $1.6 billion, or 17.9%, from 2018. The increase resulted from deposits assumed in the Bridgeview and Northern States transactions, FHLB advances, and organic growth in deposits.

2018 Compared to 2017

Net interest income was $516.6 million for 2018 compared to $472.0 million for 2017, an increase of 9.5%. The rise in net interest income resulted primarily from higher interest rates, growth in loans and securities, and the acquisition of interest-earning assets from the Northern States transaction, partially offset by higher cost of funds and lower acquired loan accretion.

Acquired loan accretion contributed $19.5 million and $33.9 million to net interest income for 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Tax-equivalent net interest margin was 3.90% for 2018, up 3 basis points from 2017. Compared to 2017, the benefit of higher interest rates more than offset the rise in funding costs, a 13 basis point decrease in acquired loan accretion, and a 3 basis point reduction in the tax-equivalent adjustment as a result of lower federal income tax rates.

Total average interest-earning assets were $13.4 billion for 2018, an increase of $937.4 million, or 7.5%, from 2017. The increase resulted from growth in loans and securities as well as the acquisition of interest-earning assets from the Northern States transaction.

Total average interest-bearing liabilities were $9.0 billion for 2018 compared to $8.3 billion for 2017, an increase of $706.2 million, or 8.5%. The increase resulted from time deposits, FHLB advances, and funding sources acquired in the Northern States transaction.

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Table 3

Changes in Net Interest Income Applicable to Volumes and Interest Rates ⁽¹⁾

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	2019 compared to 2018										2018 compared to 2017
	Volume		Rate		Total		Volume		Rate		Total
Other interest-earning assets	$	1,169	$	1,677	$	2,846	$	(1,757)	$	1,161	$	(596)
Securities:
Trading – taxable	—		—		—		(251)		—		(251)
Equity – taxable	134		(15)		119		505		—		505
Investment securities – taxable	12,395		2,934		15,329		6,072		8,698		14,770
Investment securities – nontaxable⁽²⁾	407		2,946		3,353		(1,013)		(3,686)		(4,699)
Total securities	12,936		5,865		18,801		5,313		5,012		10,325
FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank stock	597		77		674		639		482		1,121
Loans⁽²⁾	63,892		30,632		94,524		35,497		22,742		58,239
Total tax-equivalent interest income⁽²⁾	78,594		38,251		116,845		39,692		29,397		69,089
Savings deposits	22		(266)		(244)		(3)		(101)		(104)
NOW accounts	642		3,365		4,007		135		3,791		3,926
Money market deposits	655		7,417		8,072		(169)		2,839		2,670
Total interest-bearing core deposits	1,319		10,516		11,835		(37)		6,529		6,492
Time deposits	13,827		14,162		27,989		3,008		12,090		15,098
Total interest-bearing deposits	15,146		24,678		39,824		2,971		18,619		21,590
Borrowed funds	3,662		(822)		2,840		5,311		977		6,288
Senior and subordinated debt	1,644		79		1,723		179		101		280
Total interest expense	20,452		23,935		44,387		8,461		19,697		28,158
Tax-equivalent net interest income⁽²⁾	$	58,142	$	14,316	$	72,458	$	31,231	$	9,700	$	40,931

⁽¹⁾For purposes of this table, changes that are not due solely to volume changes or rate changes are allocated to each category on the basis of the percentage relationship of each to the sum of the two.

⁽²⁾Interest income and yields on tax-exempt securities and loans are presented on a tax-equivalent basis, assuming the applicable federal income tax rate for each period presented. As a result, interest income and yields on tax-exempt securities and loans subsequent to December 31, 2017 are presented at the current federal income tax rate of 21% and the prior periods are presented using the federal income tax rate applicable at that time of 35%. For a discussion of non-GAAP financial measures, see the section of this Item 7 titled "Non-GAAP Financial Information and Reconciliations."

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Noninterest Income

A summary of noninterest income for the three years ended December 31, 2019 is presented in the following table.

Table 4

Noninterest Income Analysis

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Years Ended December 31,								% Change
	2019		2018		2017		2019-2018	2018-2017
Service charges on deposit accounts	$	49,424	$	48,715	$	48,368	1.5	0.7
Wealth management fees	48,337		43,512		41,321		11.1	5.3
Card-based fees, net⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾:
Card-based fees	27,673		24,552		28,992		12.7	(15.3)
Cardholder expenses	(9,540)		(7,528)		—		26.7	N/M
Card-based fees, net	18,133		17,024		28,992		6.5	(41.3)
Capital market products income	13,931		7,721		8,171		80.4	(5.5)
Mortgage banking income	10,105		7,094		8,131		42.4	(12.8)
Merchant servicing fees, net⁽¹⁾:
Merchant servicing fees	11,005		10,058		10,340		9.4	(2.7)
Merchant card expenses	(9,582)		(8,593)		—		11.5	N/M
Merchant servicing fees, net	1,423		1,465		10,340		(2.9)	(85.8)
Other service charges, commissions, and fees	9,940		9,425		9,843		5.5	(4.2)
Total fee-based revenues	151,293		134,956		155,166		12.1	(13.0)
Net securities losses⁽³⁾	—		—		(1,876)		—	N/M
Other income⁽⁴⁾	11,586		9,636		9,859		20.2	(2.3)
Total noninterest income	$	162,879	$	144,592	$	163,149	12.6	(11.4)
Accounting reclassification⁽¹⁾	—		—		(15,700)		—	N/M
Net securities losses⁽³⁾	—		—		1,876		—	N/M
Total noninterest income, adjusted⁽⁵⁾	$	162,879	$	144,592	$	149,325	12.6	(3.2)

N/M – Not meaningful.

⁽¹⁾As a result of accounting guidance adopted in 2018 (the "accounting reclassification"), certain noninterest income line items and the related noninterest expense line items that are presented on a gross basis for 2017 are presented on a net basis in noninterest income for subsequent periods.

⁽²⁾Card-based fees, net consists of debit and credit card interchange fees for processing transactions as well as various fees on both customer and non-customer ATM and point-of-sale transactions processed through the ATM and point-of-sale networks. In addition, the related cardholder expense is included for 2019 and 2018 as a result of the accounting reclassification.

⁽³⁾For a discussion of this item, see the section of this Item 7 titled "Investment Portfolio Management."

⁽⁴⁾Other income consists primarily of BOLI income, safe deposit box rentals, miscellaneous recoveries, and gains on the sales of various assets.

⁽⁵⁾This item is a non-GAAP financial measure. For a discussion of non-GAAP financial measures, see the section of this Item 7 titled "Non-GAAP Financial Information and Reconciliations."

2019 Compared to 2018

Total noninterest income was $162.9 million, increasing by 12.6% compared to 2018. The increase in wealth management fees compared to 2019 was driven primarily by customers acquired in the Northern Oak transaction, continued sales of fiduciary and investment advisory services to new and existing clients, and a higher market environment. Net card-based fees increased due to higher transaction volumes and customers acquired in the Bridgeview and Northern States transactions. The increase in capital market products income compared to 2019 was a result of higher sales to corporate clients reflecting the lower long-term rate environment. Mortgage banking income for 2019 resulted from sales of $464.9 million of 1-4 family mortgage loans in the secondary market compared to sales of $240.8 million during 2018. In addition, mortgage banking income for 2019 was negatively impacted by changes in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights, reflective of lower mortgage rates. Other income was elevated compared to 2018 due primarily to benefit settlements on BOLI.

2018 Compared to 2017

Total noninterest income was $144.6 million, decreasing by 11.4% compared to 2017. In 2018, the Company adopted accounting guidance that impacted how cardholder and merchant card expenses are presented within noninterest income on a prospective basis. As a result, these expenses are presented on a net basis against the related noninterest income for 2018 versus

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a gross basis within noninterest expense for 2017. Excluding the accounting reclassification and net securities losses, noninterest income was down $4.7 million, or 3.2%, from 2017. This decrease was due primarily to the $6.0 million reduction of interchange revenue within card-based fees as Durbin became effective for the Company in the third quarter of 2017.

The increase in wealth management fees compared to 2017 was driven primarily by continued sales of fiduciary and investment advisory services and the full year impact of services provided to customers acquired in the Premier transaction, which was partially offset by the lower market environment. Net card-based fees, excluding the accounting reclassification and the impact of Durbin, were up by 8.7% due to higher transaction volumes. Noninterest income for 2018 was impacted by lower capital market products income, which fluctuates from year to year based on the size and frequency of sales to corporate clients. Mortgage banking income for 2018 resulted from sales of $240.8 million of 1-4 family mortgage loans in the secondary market compared to sales of $252.7 million during 2017. In addition, mortgage banking income for 2018 was negatively impacted by changes in the fair value of mortgage servicing rights, reflective of lower mortgage rates.

Net securities losses of $1.9 million were recognized during 2017 in connection with gains from the strategic repositioning of the securities portfolio, which were more than offset by losses due to certain actions taken in light of federal income tax reform.

Noninterest Expense

A summary of noninterest expense for the three years ended December 31, 2019 is presented in the following table.

Table 5

Noninterest Expense Analysis

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Years Ended December 31,								% Change
	2019		2018		2017		2019-2018	2018-2017
Salaries and employee benefits:
Salaries and wages	$	197,640	$	181,164	$	182,507	9.1	(0.7)
Retirement and other employee benefits	42,879		43,104		41,886		(0.5)	2.9
Total salaries and employee benefits	240,519		224,268		224,393		7.2	(0.1)
Net occupancy and equipment expense	56,334		53,434		49,751		5.4	7.4
Professional services	39,941		32,681		33,689		22.2	(3.0)
Technology and related costs	19,758		19,220		18,068		2.8	6.4
Advertising and promotions	11,561		9,248		8,694		25.0	6.4
Amortization of other intangible assets	10,481		7,444		7,865		40.8	(5.4)
FDIC premiums	8,353		10,584		8,987		(21.1)	17.8
Net OREO expense	2,436		1,162		4,683		109.6	(75.2)
Merchant card expense⁽¹⁾	—		—		8,377		—	N/M
Cardholder expenses⁽¹⁾	—		—		7,323		—	N/M
Other expenses	28,995		28,236		23,956		2.7	17.9
Acquisition and integration related expenses	21,860		9,613		20,123		127.4	(52.2)
Delivering Excellence implementation costs	1,157		20,413		—		(94.3)	100.0


Total noninterest expense	$	441,395	$	416,303	$	415,909	6.0	0.1
Acquisition and integration related expenses	$	(21,860)	$	(9,613)	$	(20,123)	127.4	(52.2)
Delivering Excellence implementation costs	(1,157)		(20,413)		—		(94.3)	N/M
Accounting reclassification⁽¹⁾	—		—		(15,700)		—	N/M
Special bonus	—		—		(1,915)		—	N/M
Charitable contribution	—		—		(1,600)		—	N/M
Total noninterest expense, adjusted⁽²⁾	$	418,378	$	386,277	$	376,571	8.3	2.6

N/M – Not meaningful.

⁽¹⁾As a result of the accounting reclassification, certain noninterest income line items and the related noninterest expense line items that are presented on a gross period for the prior periods are presented on a net basis in noninterest income for the current period. For further discussion of this guidance, see Note 2 of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 1 of this Form 10-K.

⁽²⁾ This item is a non-GAAP financial measure. For a discussion of non-GAAP financial measures, see the section of this Item 7 titled "Non-GAAP Financial Information and Reconciliations."

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2019 Compared to 2018

Total noninterest expense for 2019 increased by 6.0% compared to 2018. Noninterest expense for 2019 and 2018 was impacted by acquisition and integration related expenses and costs related to the implementation of the Delivering Excellence initiative. Excluding these items, noninterest expense for 2019 was up by 8.3%, from 2018, which resulted in an efficiency ratio of 55% for 2019, improved from 58% for 2018.

Operating costs associated with the Bridgeview and Northern Oak transactions completed during the first half of 2019, as well as the full year impact of the Northern States transaction completed during the fourth quarter of 2018, contributed to the increase in noninterest expense compared to 2018. These costs primarily occurred within salaries and employee benefits, net occupancy and equipment expense, professional services, advertising and promotions, and other expenses.

The increase in salaries and employee benefits compared to 2018 was driven primarily by merit increases, and higher commissions resulting from sales of 1-4 family mortgage loans in the secondary market, partially offset by the ongoing benefits of the Delivering Excellence initiative. Compared to 2018, net occupancy and equipment expense increased due to a deferred gain no longer being included as a reduction to expense upon adoption of lease accounting guidance at the beginning of 2019, partially offset by the ongoing benefits of the Delivering Excellence initiative. Professional services increased compared to 2018 as a result of technology and process enhancements due to organizational growth. Compared to 2018, the increase in advertising and promotions expense was impacted by higher costs related to marketing campaigns. FDIC premiums decreased compared to 2018 due to small bank assessment credits received. Net OREO expense for 2019 was impacted by sales of properties at a loss, partially offset by positive valuation adjustments.

Acquisition and integration related expenses for 2019 resulted from the acquisition of Northern States, Northern Oak, and Bridgeview, as well as the pending acquisition of Park Bank. Acquisition and integration related expenses for 2018 resulted from the acquisition of Northern States.

2018 Compared to 2017

Total noninterest expense for 2018 was consistent with 2017. During 2018, noninterest expense was impacted by costs related to the implementation of the Delivering Excellence initiative, which include property valuation adjustments on locations identified for closure, employee severance, and general restructuring and advisory services. In 2018, the Company adopted accounting guidance that impacted how cardholder and merchant card expenses are presented within noninterest income on a prospective basis. As a result, these expenses are presented on a net basis against the related noninterest income for 2018 versus a gross basis within noninterest expense for 2017. Expenses for all periods presented were impacted by acquisition and integration related expenses associated with pending and completed transactions. In addition, salaries and wages and advertising and promotions expense were impacted by the special bonus paid and charitable contribution made in connection with federal income tax reform in 2017. Excluding these items, noninterest expense for 2018 was up $9.7 million, or 2.6%, from 2017. This increase was impacted by approximately $2.0 million of operating costs associated with the Northern States transaction.

Salaries and employee benefits were consistent with 2017 as higher costs associated with organizational growth and merit increases were offset by the ongoing benefits of the Delivering Excellence initiative. Net occupancy and equipment expense increased as a result of the Company's corporate headquarters relocation and higher costs related to winter weather conditions during 2018. Compared to 2017, the increase in technology and related costs was driven primarily by technology initiatives associated with organizational growth. Professional services expenses decreased due primarily to lower loan remediation expenses and recruiting expenses. The rise in advertising and promotions expense resulted from the launch of a new marketing campaign. The decrease in net OREO expense resulted primarily from higher levels of gains on sales of properties, a reduction in operating expenses, and a lower level of valuation adjustments compared to 2017. Other expenses increased as a result of property valuation adjustments related to the Company's corporate headquarters relocation, the reserve for unfunded commitments, and other miscellaneous expenses.

Acquisition and integration related expenses resulted from the acquisitions of Standard and Premier for 2017.

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Income Taxes

Our provision for income taxes includes both federal and state income tax expense. An analysis of the provision for income taxes is detailed in the following table.

Table 6

Income Tax Expense Analysis

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Years Ended December 31,
	2019			2018			2017
Income before income tax expense	$	265,939		$	197,057		$	187,954
Income tax expense:
Federal income tax expense	$	48,262		$	27,986		$	81,321
State income tax expense	17,939			11,201			8,246
Total income tax expense	$	66,201		$	39,187		$	89,567
Effective income tax rate	24.9		%	19.9		%	47.7		%
Effective income tax rate, adjusted⁽¹⁾	24.9		%	23.8		%	35.0		%

⁽¹⁾For a discussion of non-GAAP financial measures, see the section of this Item 7 titled "Non-GAAP Financial Information and Reconciliations."

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("federal income tax reform") was enacted on December 22, 2017. The new law enacted various changes to the federal corporate income tax, the most impactful was the reduction in the top corporate tax rate from 35% to a flat 21%.

The increase in the effective tax rate and income tax expense for 2019 compared to 2018 was due primarily to a rise in income subject to tax at statutory rates. The effective tax rate and total income tax expense for 2018 was impacted by $7.8 million of income tax benefits resulting from federal income tax reform. Income tax expense for 2017 was elevated as a result of the downward remeasurement of DTAs by $26.6 million due to federal income tax reform as well as a $2.8 million benefit as a result of changes in Illinois income tax rates. Excluding these items, the Company's effective income tax rate was 23.8% for 2018 compared to 35.0% for 2017, which reflects the decrease in the effective federal income tax rate from 35% to 21% in 2018.

Our accounting policies regarding the recognition of income taxes in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition and Income are described in Notes 1 and 16 of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

FINANCIAL CONDITION

Investment Portfolio Management

Securities that we have the intent and ability to hold until maturity are classified as securities held-to-maturity and are accounted for using historical cost, adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts. Equity securities are carried at fair value and consist primarily of community development investments and certain diversified investment securities held in a grantor trust for participants in the Company's nonqualified deferred compensation plan that are invested in money market and mutual funds. All other securities are classified as securities available-for-sale and are carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses, net of related deferred income taxes, recorded in stockholders' equity as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive loss.

We manage our investment portfolio to maximize the return on invested funds within acceptable risk guidelines, to meet pledging and liquidity requirements, and to adjust balance sheet interest rate sensitivity to mitigate the impact of changes in interest rates on net interest income.

From time to time, we adjust the size and composition of our securities portfolio based on a number of factors, including expected loan growth, anticipated changes in collateralized public funds on account, the interest rate environment, and the

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related value of various segments of the securities markets. The following table provides a valuation summary of our investment portfolio.

Table 7

Investment Portfolio

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31,
	2019									2018						2017
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		% of Total	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		% of Total	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		% of Total
Securities Available-for-Sale
U.S. treasury securities	$	33,939	$	34,075	1.2	$	37,925	$	37,767	1.7	$	46,529	$	46,345	2.5
U.S. agency securities	249,502		248,424		8.6	144,125		142,563		6.3	157,636		156,847		8.3
Collateralized mortgage obligations ("CMOs")	1,547,805		1,557,671		54.2	1,336,531		1,315,209		57.9	1,113,019		1,095,186		58.1
Other mortgage-backed securities ("MBSs")	678,804		684,684		23.8	477,665		466,934		20.5	373,676		369,543		19.6
Municipal securities	228,632		234,431		8.2	229,600		227,187		10.0	209,558		208,991		11.1

Corporate debt securities	112,797		114,101		4.0	86,074		82,349		3.6	—		—		—
Equity securities⁽¹⁾	—		—		—	—		—		—	7,408		7,297		0.4
Total securities available-for-sale	$	2,851,479	$	2,873,386	100.0	$	2,311,920	$	2,272,009	100.0	$	1,907,826	$	1,884,209	100.0
Securities Held-to-Maturity
Municipal securities	$	21,997	$	21,234		$	10,176	$	9,871		$	13,760	$	12,013
Equity Securities⁽¹⁾			$	42,136				$	30,806				$	—
Trading Securities⁽¹⁾			$	—				$	—				$	20,447

⁽¹⁾As a result of accounting guidance adopted in 2018, equity securities are no longer presented within trading securities or securities available-for-sale and are now presented within equity securities in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition for the current period. For further discussion of this guidance, see Note 2 of "Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

Portfolio Composition

As of December 31, 2019, our securities available-for-sale portfolio totaled $2.9 billion, increasing by $601.4 million, or 26.5%, from December 31, 2018, following a 20.6% increase from December 31, 2017. The increase from December 31, 2018 was driven primarily by purchases of U.S. agency securities, CMOs, MBSs, and corporate debt securities, as well as $263.1 million of securities acquired in the Bridgeview transaction and a change in unrealized gains (losses) due to lower market interest rates, which were partially offset by maturities, calls, and prepayments.

Investments in municipal securities consist of general obligations of local municipalities in various states. Our municipal securities portfolio has historically experienced very low default rates and provides a predictable cash flow.

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The following table presents the effective duration, average life, and yield to maturity for the Company's securities portfolio by category as of December 31, 2019 and 2018.

Table 8

Securities Effective Duration Analysis

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31,
	2019								2018
	Effective		Average	Yield to		Effective		Average	Yield to
	Duration⁽¹⁾		Life⁽²⁾	Maturity⁽³⁾		Duration⁽¹⁾		Life⁽²⁾	Maturity⁽³⁾
Securities Available-for-Sale
U.S. treasury securities	0.66	%	0.69	2.27	%	1.08	%	1.12	2.23	%
U.S. agency securities	3.07	%	5.50	2.56	%	1.56	%	2.97	2.29	%
CMOs	2.98	%	4.59	2.55	%	3.53	%	4.71	2.72	%
MBSs	4.05	%	4.94	2.79	%	4.26	%	5.63	2.76	%
Municipal securities	4.35	%	4.58	2.77	%	4.81	%	5.05	2.65	%

Corporate debt securities	1.39	%	5.63	3.15	%	0.00	%	6.93	3.53	%

Total securities available-for-sale	3.26	%	4.75	2.65	%	3.51	%	4.85	2.72	%
Securities Held-to-Maturity
Municipal securities	3.24	%	4.09	4.52	%	1.27	%	1.35	3.54	%

⁽¹⁾The effective duration represents the estimated percentage change in the fair value of the securities portfolio given a 100 basis point increase or decrease in interest rates. This measure is used to evaluate the portfolio's price volatility at a single point in time and is not intended to be a precise predictor of future fair values since those values will be influenced by a number of factors.

⁽²⁾Average life is presented in years and represents the weighted-average time to receive half of all expected future cash flows using the dollar amount of principal paydowns, including estimated principal prepayments, as the weighting factor.

⁽³⁾Yields on municipal securities are reflected on a tax-equivalent basis, assuming the applicable federal income tax rate for each period presented.

Effective Duration

The average life and effective duration of our securities available-for-sale portfolio was 4.75 years and 3.26%, respectively, as of December 31, 2019, down from 4.85 years and 3.51% as of December 31, 2018. The decrease resulted primarily from higher expected future prepayments of CMOs and MBSs due to lower market interest rates.

Realized Losses and Gains

There were no net securities gains (losses) recognized for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.

There were $1.9 million of net securities losses for 2017 driven primarily by the opportunistic repositioning of the securities portfolio in light of market conditions in the second half of the year as well as strategic actions in connection with federal income tax reform, which included the liquidation of $47.7 million of collateralized debt obligations ("CDOs").

Unrealized Gains and Losses

Unrealized gains (losses) on securities available-for-sale represent the difference between the aggregate cost and fair value of the portfolio. These amounts are presented in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income and reported as a separate component of stockholders' equity in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of deferred income taxes. This balance sheet component will fluctuate as interest rates and conditions change and affect the aggregate fair value of the portfolio. Lower market interest rates drove the change to $21.9 million of unrealized gains as of December 31, 2019 compared to $39.9 million of unrealized losses as of December 31, 2018. For additional discussion of unrealized gains and losses on securities available-for-sale, see Note 4 of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

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Table 9

Repricing Distribution and Portfolio Yields

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31, 2019
	One Year or Less						One Year to Five Years						Five Years to Ten Years				After 10 years
	Amortized Cost		Yield to Maturity⁽¹⁾		Amortized Cost		Yield to Maturity⁽¹⁾		Amortized Cost		Yield to Maturity⁽¹⁾		Amortized Cost		Yield to Maturity⁽¹⁾
Securities Available-for-Sale
U.S. treasury securities	$	20,944	2.24	%	$	12,995	2.31	%	$	—	—	%	$	—	—	%
U.S. agency securities	93,871		2.66	%	92,182		2.44	%	63,449		2.60	%	—		—	%
CMOs⁽²⁾	285,623		2.56	%	717,548		2.55	%	544,634		2.55	%	—		—	%
MBSs⁽²⁾	124,668		2.78	%	220,686		2.78	%	333,450		2.80	%	—		—	%
Municipal securities⁽³⁾	17,040		2.82	%	88,725		2.84	%	122,867		2.70	%	—		—	%

Corporate debt securities⁽⁴⁾	—		—	%	—		—	%	112,797		3.15	%	—		—	%

Total available-for-sale securities	$	542,146	2.62	%	$	1,132,136	2.61	%	$	1,177,197	2.70	%	$	—	—	%
Securities Held-to-Maturity
Municipal securities⁽³⁾	$	8,672	3.96	%	$	6,037	5.21	%	$	4,417	5.46	%	$	2,871	3.33	%

⁽¹⁾Based on amortized cost.

⁽²⁾The repricing distributions and yields to maturity of CMOs and MBSs are based on estimated future cash flows and prepayment assumptions. Actual repricings and yields of the securities may differ from those reflected in the table depending on actual interest rates and prepayment speeds.

⁽³⁾Yields on municipal securities are reflected on a tax-equivalent basis, assuming the applicable federal income tax rate for the periods presented. The maturity date of bonds is based on contractual maturity, unless the bond, based on current market prices, is deemed to have a high probability that the call will be exercised, in which case the call date is used as the maturity date.

⁽⁴⁾Yields on equity securities are presented on a tax-equivalent basis, assuming the applicable federal income tax rate for the periods presented. Maturity dates are based on contractual maturity or repricing characteristics.

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LOAN PORTFOLIO AND CREDIT QUALITY

Our principal source of revenue is generated by our lending activities and is composed primarily of interest income as well as loan origination and commitment fees (net of related costs). The accounting policies for the recording of loans in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition and the recognition and/or deferral of interest income and fees in the Consolidated Statements of Income are included in Note 1 of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

Portfolio Composition

Our loan portfolio is comprised of both corporate and consumer loans with corporate loans representing 74.6% of total loans as of December 31, 2019. Consistent with our emphasis on relationship banking, the majority of our corporate loans are made to our core, multi-relationship customers. The customers usually maintain deposit relationships and utilize certain of our other banking services, such as treasury or wealth management services.

To maximize loan income with an acceptable level of risk, we have certain lending policies and procedures that management reviews on a regular basis. In addition, management receives periodic reporting related to loan production, loan quality, credit concentrations, loan delinquencies, and non-performing and corporate performing potential problem loans to monitor and mitigate potential and current risks in the portfolio.

Table 10

Loan Portfolio

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31,
	2019		% of Total	2018		% of Total	2017		% of Total	2016		% of Total	2015		% of Total
Commercial and industrial	$	4,481,525	34.9	$	4,120,293	36.0	$	3,529,914	33.8	$	2,827,658	34.3	$	2,524,726	35.3
Agricultural	405,616		3.2	430,928		3.8	430,886		4.1	389,496		4.7	387,440		5.4
Commercial real estate:
Office, retail, and industrial	1,848,718		14.4	1,820,917		15.9	1,979,820		19.0	1,581,967		19.2	1,395,586		19.5
Multi-family	856,553		6.7	764,185		6.7	675,463		6.5	614,052		7.4	528,343		7.4
Construction	593,093		4.6	649,337		5.6	539,820		5.2	451,540		5.5	216,882		3.0
Other commercial real estate	1,383,708		10.8	1,361,810		11.9	1,358,515		13.0	979,528		11.9	931,368		13.0
Total commercial real estate	4,682,072		36.5	4,596,249		40.1	4,553,618		43.7	3,627,087		43.9	3,072,179		42.9
Total corporate loans	9,569,213		74.6	9,147,470		79.9	8,514,418		81.6	6,844,241		82.9	5,984,345		83.6
Home equity	851,454		6.6	851,607		7.4	827,055		7.9	747,983		9.1	674,883		9.4
1-4 family mortgages	1,927,078		15.0	1,017,181		8.9	774,357		7.4	423,922		5.1	364,885		5.1
Installment	492,585		3.8	430,525		3.8	321,982		3.1	237,999		2.9	137,602		1.9
Total consumer loans	3,271,117		25.4	2,299,313		20.1	1,923,394		18.4	1,409,904		17.1	1,177,370		16.4
Total loans	$	12,840,330	100.0	$	11,446,783	100.0	$	10,437,812	100.0	$	8,254,145	100.0	$	7,161,715	100.0

2019 Compared to 2018

Total loans of $12.8 billion as of December 31, 2019 reflect growth of $1.4 billion, or 12.2%, from December 31, 2018. Excluding loans acquired in the Bridgeview transaction, total loans grew by 7.1%. Total corporate loans benefited from growth in commercial and industrial loans, primarily within our sector-based and middle market lending businesses, as well as growth in multi-family loans. In addition, strong production within commercial real estate loans was offset by the impact of certain customers selling their commercial business or investment real estate properties, as well as refinancing with other banks and non-banks offering loan terms outside of our credit parameters. Growth in consumer loans benefited from purchases of 1-4 family mortgages and home equity loans, as well as organic growth.

2018 Compared to 2017

Total loans of $11.4 billion as of December 31, 2018 reflect growth of $1.0 billion, or 9.7%, from December 31, 2017. Excluding loans acquired in the Northern States transaction, total loans grew by approximately 7.1%. Growth in commercial and industrial loans was driven primarily by strong production in our sector-based lending. The rise in construction loans was due largely to draws on existing lines of credit. The overall decline in office, retail, and industrial and other commercial real

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estate loans resulted primarily from the decision of certain customers to opportunistically sell their commercial business and investment real estate properties, as well as expected payoffs. Growth in consumer loans benefited from organic production as well as the impact of purchases of 1-4 family mortgages, shorter-duration, floating rate home equity loans, and installment loans.

Comparisons of Prior Years (2017, 2016, and 2015)

Total loans of $10.4 billion as of December 31, 2017 reflects growth of $2.2 billion, or 26.5%, from December 31, 2016. Excluding loans acquired in the Standard transaction, total loans grew by 7.0%. Growth in commercial and industrial loans, primarily within our sector-based lending businesses and multi-family loans, contributed to the increase in total corporate loans. Total loans were also impacted by purchases of 1-4 family mortgages, installment loans, and shorter-duration, floating rate home equity loans.

Total loans of $8.3 billion as of December 31, 2016 reflects growth of $1.1 billion, or 15.3%, from December 31, 2015. Excluding loans acquired in the NI Bancshares transaction, total loans grew by 11.3%. Growth in commercial and industrial loans resulted primarily from broad-based increases within our middle market and sector-based lending business units. Office, retail, and industrial and multi-family loans increased due to organic growth. The increase in construction loans was driven primarily by select commercial projects for which permanent financing is expected upon their completion. The rise in consumer loans resulted from the continued expansion of mortgage and installment loans and the purchase of shorter-duration, floating rate home equity loans.

Commercial, Industrial, and Agricultural Loans

Commercial, industrial, and agricultural loans represent 38.1% of total loans and totaled $4.9 billion as of December 31, 2019, an increase of $335.9 million, or 7.4%, from December 31, 2018. Our commercial and industrial loans are a diverse group of loans generally located in the Chicago metropolitan area with purposes that include supporting working capital needs, accounts receivable financing, inventory and equipment financing, and select sector-based lending, such as healthcare, asset-based lending, structured finance, and syndications. Most commercial and industrial loans are secured by the assets being financed or other business assets, such as accounts receivable or inventory. The underlying collateral securing commercial and industrial loans may fluctuate in value due to the success of the business or economic conditions. For loans secured by accounts receivable, the availability of funds for repayment and economic conditions may impact the cash flow of the borrower. Accordingly, the underwriting for these loans is based primarily on the identified cash flows of the borrower and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower and may incorporate a personal guarantee.

Agricultural loans are generally provided to meet seasonal production, equipment, and farm real estate borrowing needs of individual and corporate crop and livestock producers. Seasonal crop production loans are repaid by the liquidation of the financed crop that is typically covered by crop insurance. Equipment and real estate term loans are repaid through cash flows of the farming operation. Risks uniquely inherent in agricultural loans relate to weather conditions, agricultural product pricing, and loss of crops or livestock due to disease or other factors. Therefore, as part of the underwriting process, the Company examines projected future cash flows, financial statement stability, and the value of the underlying collateral.

Commercial Real Estate Loans

Commercial real estate loans are subject to underwriting standards and processes similar to commercial and industrial loans. The repayment of commercial real estate loans depends on the successful operation of the property securing the loan or the business conducted on the property securing the loan. This category of loans may be more adversely affected by conditions in real estate markets. In addition, many commercial real estate loans do not fully amortize over the term of the loan, but have balloon payments due at maturity. The borrower's ability to make a balloon payment may depend on the availability of long-term financing or their ability to complete a timely sale of the underlying property. Management monitors and evaluates commercial real estate loans based on cash flow, collateral, geography, and risk rating criteria.

Construction loans are generally made based on estimates of costs and values associated with the completed projects and are underwritten utilizing feasibility studies, independent appraisal reviews, sensitivity analyses of absorption and lease rates, and financial analyses of the developers and property owners. Sources of repayment may be permanent long-term financing, sales of developed property, or an interim loan commitment until permanent financing is obtained. Generally, construction loans have a higher risk profile than other real estate loans since repayment is impacted by real estate values, interest rate changes, governmental regulation of real property, demand and supply of alternative real estate, the availability of long-term financing, and changes in general economic conditions.

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The following table presents commercial real estate loan detail as of December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017.

Table 11

Commercial Real Estate Loans

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31,
	2019		% of Total	2018		% of Total	2017		% of Total
Office, retail, and industrial:
Office	$	643,575	13.7	$	708,146	15.4	$	844,413	18.5
Retail	607,712		13.0	506,099		11.0	471,781		10.4
Industrial	597,431		12.8	606,672		13.2	663,626		14.6
Total office, retail, and industrial	1,848,718		39.5	1,820,917		39.6	1,979,820		43.5
Multi-family	856,553		18.3	764,185		16.7	675,463		14.8
Construction	593,093		12.7	649,337		14.1	539,820		11.8
Other commercial real estate:
Multi-use properties	300,488		6.4	309,199		6.7	330,926		7.3
Rental properties	277,350		5.9	235,851		5.1	197,579		4.3
Warehouses and storage	166,750		3.6	197,185		4.3	172,505		3.8
Hotels	127,213		2.7	128,199		2.8	97,016		2.1
Service stations and truck stops	114,205		2.4	100,293		2.2	107,834		2.4
Restaurants	102,341		2.2	115,667		2.5	112,547		2.5
Recreational	89,246		1.9	70,490		1.5	87,986		1.9
Other	206,115		4.4	204,926		4.5	252,122		5.6
Total other commercial real estate	1,383,708		29.5	1,361,810		29.6	1,358,515		29.9
Total commercial real estate	$	4,682,072	100.0	$	4,596,249	100.0	$	4,553,618	100.0

Commercial real estate loans represent 36.5% of total loans and totaled $4.7 billion as of December 31, 2019, consistent with December 31, 2018.

The mix of properties securing the loans in our commercial real estate portfolio is balanced between owner-occupied and investor categories and is diverse in terms of type and geographic location, generally within the Company's markets. Approximately 40% of the commercial real estate portfolio, excluding multi-family and construction loans, is owner-occupied as of December 31, 2019. Using outstanding loan balances, non-owner-occupied commercial real estate loans to total capital was 188% and construction loans to total capital was 31% as of December 31, 2019. Non-owner-occupied (investor) commercial real estate is calculated in accordance with federal banking agency guidelines and includes construction, multi-family, non-farm non-residential property, and commercial real estate loans that are not secured by real estate collateral.

Consumer Loans

Consumer loans represent 25.4% of total loans, and totaled $3.3 billion as of December 31, 2019, an increase of $971.8 million, or 42.3%, from December 31, 2018. Consumer loans are centrally underwritten using a credit scoring model developed by the Fair Isaac Corporation ("FICO"), which employs a risk-based system to determine the probability that a borrower may default. Underwriting standards for home equity loans are heavily influenced by statutory requirements, which include loan-to-value and affordability ratios, risk-based pricing strategies, and documentation requirements. The home equity category consists mainly of revolving lines of credit secured by junior liens on owner-occupied real estate. Loan-to-value ratios on home equity loans and 1-4 family mortgages are based on the current appraised value of the collateral. Repayment for these loans is dependent on the borrower's continued financial stability, and is more likely to be impacted by adverse personal circumstances.

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Maturity and Interest Rate Sensitivity of Corporate Loans

The following table summarizes the maturity distribution and interest rate sensitivity of our corporate loan portfolio as of December 31, 2019, For additional discussion of interest rate sensitivity, see Item 7A, "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk," of this Form 10-K.

Table 12

Maturities and Sensitivities of Corporate Loans to Changes in Interest Rates

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Maturity Due In
	One Year or Less		Greater Than One to Five Years		Greater Than Five Years		Total
As of December 31, 2019
Commercial, industrial, and agricultural	$	1,563,332	$	2,214,176	$	1,109,633	$	4,887,141
Commercial real estate	941,102		2,846,583		894,387		4,682,072
Total corporate loans	$	2,504,434	$	5,060,759	$	2,004,020	$	9,569,213
Loans by interest rate type:
Fixed interest rates	$	977,468	$	2,069,300	$	421,256	$	3,468,024
Floating interest rates	1,526,966		2,991,459		1,582,764		6,101,189
Total corporate loans	$	2,504,434	$	5,060,759	$	2,004,020	$	9,569,213

As of December 31, 2019, the composition of our corporate loans between fixed and floating interest rates was 36% and 64%, respectively. As of December 31, 2019, the Company hedged $815.0 million of certain corporate variable rate loans using interest rate swaps through which the Company receives fixed amounts and pays variable amounts. Including the impact of these interest rate swaps, 49% of the total loan portfolio consisted of fixed rate loans and 51% were floating rate loans as of December 31, 2019. See Note 20 of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K for detail regarding interest rate swaps.

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Non-performing Assets and Performing Potential Problem Loans

The following table presents our loan portfolio by performing and non-performing status. A discussion of our accounting policies for non-accrual loans, TDRs, and loans 90 days or more past due can be found in Note 1 of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

Table 13

Loan Portfolio by Performing/Non-performing Status

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Accruing
	PCI⁽¹⁾		Current		30-89 Days Past Due		90 Days Past Due		Non-accrual		Total Loans
As of December 31, 2019
Commercial and industrial	$	40,742	$	4,397,321	$	11,260	$	2,207	$	29,995	$	4,481,525
Agricultural	5,143		393,533		628		358		5,954		405,616
Commercial real estate:
Office, retail, and industrial	28,341		1,792,161		1,813		546		25,857		1,848,718
Multi-family	2,701		851,061		94		—		2,697		856,553
Construction	11,223		576,842		4,876		—		152		593,093
Other commercial real estate	56,803		1,318,909		2,738		529		4,729		1,383,708
Total commercial real estate	99,068		4,538,973		9,521		1,075		33,435		4,682,072
Total corporate loans	144,953		9,329,827		21,409		3,640		69,384		9,569,213
Home equity	2,724		835,851		4,290		146		8,443		851,454
1-4 family mortgages	18,628		1,897,713		5,092		1,203		4,442		1,927,078
Installment	849		490,557		1,167		12		—		492,585
Total consumer loans	22,201		3,224,121		10,549		1,361		12,885		3,271,117
Total loans	$	167,154	$	12,553,948	$	31,958	$	5,001	$	82,269	$	12,840,330
As of December 31, 2018
Commercial and industrial	$	1,175	$	4,076,842	$	8,347	$	422	$	33,507	$	4,120,293
Agricultural	3,282		425,041		940		101		1,564		430,928
Commercial real estate:
Office, retail and industrial	16,556		1,785,561		8,209		4,081		6,510		1,820,917
Multi-family	13,663		745,739		1,487		189		3,107		764,185
Construction	4,838		640,936		3,419		—		144		649,337
Other commercial real estate	54,763		1,297,191		4,805		2,197		2,854		1,361,810
Total commercial real estate	89,820		4,469,427		17,920		6,467		12,615		4,596,249
Total corporate loans	94,277		8,971,310		27,207		6,990		47,686		9,147,470
Home equity	1,916		839,206		4,988		104		5,393		851,607
1-4 family mortgages	16,655		991,842		3,681		1,147		3,856		1,017,181
Installment	962		427,874		1,648		41		—		430,525
Total consumer loans	19,533		2,258,922		10,317		1,292		9,249		2,299,313
Total loans	$	113,810	$	11,230,232	$	37,524	$	8,282	$	56,935	$	11,446,783

⁽¹⁾PCI loans with an accretable yield are considered current.

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The following table provides a comparison of our non-performing assets and past due loans to prior periods.

Table 14

Non-performing Assets and Past Due Loans

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31,
	2019			2018			2017			2016			2015
Non-accrual loans	$	82,269		$	56,935		$	66,924		$	59,289		$	29,430
90 days or more past due loans, still accruing interest⁽¹⁾	5,001			8,282			3,555			5,009			3,057
Total non-performing loans	87,270			65,217			70,479			64,298			32,487
Accruing TDRs	1,233			1,866			1,796			2,291			2,743
Foreclosed assets⁽²⁾	20,458			12,821			20,851			26,083			27,782
Total non-performing assets	$	108,961		$	79,904		$	93,126		$	92,672		$	63,012
30-89 days past due loans⁽¹⁾	$	31,958		$	37,524		$	39,725		$	21,043		$	16,705
Non-accrual loans to total loans	0.64		%	0.50		%	0.64		%	0.72		%	0.41		%
Non-performing loans to total loans	0.68		%	0.57		%	0.68		%	0.78		%	0.45		%
Non-performing assets to loans plus foreclosed assets	0.85		%	0.70		%	0.89		%	1.12		%	0.88		%
Interest income not recognized in the financial statements related to non-accrual loans for 2019																$	3,596

⁽¹⁾PCI loans with an accretable yield are considered current and not included in past due loan totals.

Non-performing Assets

Total non-performing assets represented 0.85% of total loans and foreclosed assets at December 31, 2019, compared to 0.70%, 0.89%, 1.12%, and 0.88% at December 31, 2018, 2017, 2016, and 2015, respectively, reflective of normal fluctuations. These fluctuations occurred within non-accrual loans and foreclosed assets and are isolated to certain credits for which the Company has remediation plans in place.

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TDRs

Loan modifications may be performed at the request of an individual borrower and may include reductions in interest rates, changes in payments, and extensions of maturity dates. We occasionally restructure loans at other than market rates or terms to enable the borrower to work through financial difficulties for a period of time, and these restructured loans remain classified as TDRs for the remaining terms of the loans. A discussion of our accounting policies for TDRs can be found in Note 1 of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

Table 15

TDRs by Type

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31,
	2019				2018					2017
	Number of Loans	Amount		Number of Loans	Amount		Number of Loans	Amount
Commercial and industrial	9	$	16,647	6	$	6,240	11	$	19,223

Commercial real estate:
Office, retail, and industrial	1	3,600		—	—		4	4,236
Multi-family	1	163		2	557		3	723

Other commercial real estate	1	170		1	181		1	192
Total commercial real estate loans	3	3,933		3	738		8	5,151
Total corporate loans	12	20,580		9	6,978		19	24,374
Home equity	8	276		11	440		15	824
1-4 family mortgages	6	637		11	1,060		11	1,131
Installment	4	254		—	—		—	—
Total consumer loans	18	1,167		22	1,500		26	1,955
Total TDRs	30	$	21,747	31	$	8,478	45	$	26,329
Accruing TDRs	12	$	1,233	15	$	1,866	14	$	1,796
Non-accrual TDRs	18	20,514		16	6,612		31	24,533
Total TDRs	30	$	21,747	31	$	8,478	45	$	26,329
Year-to-date charge-offs on TDRs		$	3,557		$	3,925		$	6,345
Specific reserves related to TDRs		2,245			—			1,977

As of December 31, 2019, TDRs totaled $21.7 million, increasing by $13.3 million from December 31, 2018. The increase was driven primarily by the extension of one non-accrual credit during 2019. The December 31, 2019 total includes $1.2 million in loans that are accruing interest, with the majority restructured at market terms. After a sufficient period of performance under the modified terms, the loans restructured at market rates will be reclassified to performing status.

As of December 31, 2018, TDRs totaled $8.5 million, decreasing by $17.9 million from December 31, 2017. The decrease was driven primarily by paydowns and the final resolution of one non-accrual corporate relationship during 2018.

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Corporate Performing Potential Problem Loans

Corporate performing potential problem loans consist of special mention and substandard loans, excluding accruing TDRs. These loans are performing in accordance with their contractual terms, but we have concerns about the ability of the borrower to continue to comply with loan terms due to the borrower's operating or financial difficulties.

Table 16

Corporate Performing Potential Problem Loans

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	December 31, 2019															December 31, 2018
	Special Mention⁽¹⁾			Substandard⁽²⁾			Total⁽³⁾			Special Mention⁽¹⁾			Substandard⁽²⁾			Total⁽³⁾
Commercial and industrial	$	47,665		$	78,929		$	126,594		$	74,878		$	59,597		$	134,475
Agricultural	32,764			16,071			48,835			10,070			11,752			21,822





Commercial real estate	108,274			93,811			202,085			109,232			74,886			184,118
Total corporate performing potential problem loans⁽⁴⁾	$	188,703		$	188,811		$	377,514		$	194,180		$	146,235		$	340,415
Corporate performing potential problem loans to corporate loans	1.97		%	1.97		%	3.95		%	2.12		%	1.60		%	3.72		%
Corporate PCI performing potential problem loans included in the total above	$	21,892		$	46,207		$	68,099		$	14,650		$	20,638		$	35,288

⁽¹⁾Loans categorized as special mention exhibit potential weaknesses that require the close attention of management since these potential weaknesses may result in the deterioration of repayment prospects in the future.

⁽²⁾Loans categorized as substandard exhibit a well-defined weakness that may jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. These loans continue to accrue interest because they are well-secured and collection of principal and interest is expected within a reasonable time.

⁽³⁾Total corporate performing potential problem loans excludes accruing TDRs.

⁽⁴⁾Includes corporate PCI performing potential problem loans.

Corporate performing potential problem loans were 3.95% of corporate loans as of December 31, 2019, up from 3.72% as of December 31, 2018. The increase resulted primarily from performing potential problem loans that were designated as PCI from the Bridgeview transaction.

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Foreclosed Assets

Foreclosed assets consists of OREO and other foreclosed assets acquired in partial or total satisfaction of defaulted loans. A discussion of our accounting policies for OREO is contained in Note 1 of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

Table 17

Foreclosed Assets by Type

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31,
	2019		2018		2017
Single-family homes	$	1,636	$	3,337	$	837
Land parcels:
Raw land	—		—		850

Commercial lots	5,178		2,310		8,698
Single-family lots	1,543		1,962		2,150
Total land parcels	6,721		4,272		11,698
Multi-family units	—		—		48
Commercial properties	393		5,212		8,268
Total OREO	8,750		12,821		20,851
Other foreclosed assets⁽¹⁾	11,708		—		—
Total	$	20,458	$	12,821	$	20,851

⁽¹⁾Other foreclosed assets are included in other assets in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

Other foreclosed assets as of December 31, 2019 includes the transfer of one corporate loan relationship for which the Company has remediation plans in place.

Foreclosed Assets Activity

A rollforward of foreclosed assets balances for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 is presented in the following table.

Table 18

Foreclosed Assets Rollforward

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Years Ended December 31,
	2019		2018
Beginning balance	$	12,821	$	20,851
Transfers from loans	14,119		6,027
Acquisitions	6,003		2,549
Proceeds from sales	(12,112)		(16,953)
Gains on sales of foreclosed assets	246		1,959
Valuation adjustments	(619)		(1,612)
Ending balance	$	20,458	$	12,821

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Allowance for Credit Losses

Methodology for the Allowance for Credit Losses

The allowance for credit losses is comprised of the allowance for loan losses and the reserve for unfunded commitments and is maintained by management at a level believed adequate to absorb estimated losses inherent in the existing loan portfolio. Determination of the allowance for credit losses is inherently subjective since it requires significant estimates and management judgment, including the amounts and timing of expected future cash flows on impaired loans, estimated losses on pools of homogeneous loans, consideration of current economic trends, and other factors.

Acquired loans are recorded at fair value, which incorporates credit risk, at the date of acquisition. No allowance for credit losses is recorded on the acquisition date for such loans. As the acquisition adjustment is accreted into income over future periods, an allowance for credit losses is established as necessary to reflect credit deterioration. In addition, certain acquired loans that have renewed subsequent to their respective acquisition dates are no longer classified as acquired loans. Instead, they are included with our loan population that is allocated an allowance in accordance with our allowance for loan losses methodology.

While management utilizes its best judgment and information available, the ultimate adequacy of the allowance for credit losses depends on a variety of factors beyond the Company's control, including the performance of its loan portfolio, the economy, changes in interest rates and property values, and the interpretation of loan risk ratings by regulatory authorities. Management believes that the allowance for credit losses is an appropriate estimate of credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of December 31, 2019.

The accounting policy for the allowance for credit losses can be found in Note 1 of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

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An allowance for credit losses is established on loans originated by the Bank, acquired loans, and covered loans. Additional discussion regarding acquired and covered loans can be found in Notes 1 and 6 of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K. The following table provides additional details related to acquired loans, the allowance for credit losses related to acquired loans, and the remaining acquisition adjustment associated with acquired loans as of and for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.

Table 19

Allowance for Credit Losses and Acquisition Adjustment

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Loans, Excluding Acquired Loans			Acquired Loans⁽¹⁾			Total
Year Ended December 31, 2019
Beginning balance	$	102,222		$	1,197		$	103,419
Net charge-offs	(36,857)			(1,367)			(38,224)
Provision for loan losses	43,340			687			44,027
Ending balance	$	108,705		$	517		$	109,222
As of December 31, 2019
Total loans	$	11,483,281		$	1,357,049		$	12,840,330
Remaining acquisition adjustment⁽²⁾	N/A			87,651			87,651
Allowance for credit losses to total loans⁽³⁾	0.95		%	0.04		%	0.85		%
Remaining acquisition adjustment to acquired loans	N/A			6.46		%	N/A
Year Ended December 31, 2018
Beginning balance	$	94,123		$	2,606		$	96,729
Net charge-offs	(40,786)			(578)			(41,364)
Provision for loan losses	48,885			(831)			48,054
Ending balance	$	102,222		$	1,197		$	103,419
As of December 31, 2018
Total loans	$	10,114,113		$	1,332,670		$	11,446,783
Remaining acquisition adjustment⁽²⁾	N/A			76,496			76,496
Allowance for credit losses to total loans⁽³⁾	1.01		%	0.09		%	0.90		%
Remaining acquisition adjustment to acquired loans	N/A			5.74		%	N/A

N/A - Not applicable.

⁽¹⁾These amounts and ratios relate to the loans acquired in completed acquisitions.

⁽²⁾The remaining acquisition adjustment consists of $61.9 million and $25.7 million relating to PCI and non-purchased credit impaired ("non-PCI") loans, respectively, as of December 31, 2019, and $45.4 million and $31.1 million relating to PCI and non-PCI loans, respectively, as of December 31, 2018.

⁽³⁾This item is a non-GAAP financial measure. For a discussion of non-GAAP financial measures, see the section of this Item 7 titled "Non-GAAP Financial Information and Reconciliations."

Excluding acquired loans, the allowance for credit losses to total loans was 0.95% as of December 31, 2019. The acquisition adjustment increased $11.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2019, driven primarily by the Bridgeview transaction, partly offset by acquired loan accretion, and resulted in a remaining acquisition adjustment as a percent of acquired loans of 6.46% as of December 31, 2019. Acquired loans that are renewed are no longer classified as acquired loans. These loans totaled $523.5 million and $458.0 million as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and are included in loans, excluding acquired loans, and allocated an allowance in accordance with our allowance for loan losses methodology. In addition, there is an allowance for credit losses of $517,000 on acquired loans as of December 31, 2019.

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Table 20

Allowance for Credit Losses and

Summary of Credit Loss Experience

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Years Ended December 31,
	2019			2018			2017			2016			2015
Change in allowance for credit losses
Beginning balance	$	103,419		$	96,729		$	87,083		$	74,855		$	74,510
Loan charge-offs:
Commercial, industrial, and agricultural	28,008			36,477			22,885			9,982			16,422
Office, retail, and industrial	2,800			2,286			190			4,707			2,899
Multi-family	340			5			—			307			568
Construction	10			1			38			134			139
Other commercial real estate	800			410			755			2,932			2,678
Consumer	14,250			8,806			6,955			5,231			4,211
Total loan charge-offs	46,208			47,985			30,823			23,293			26,917
Recoveries of loan charge-offs:
Commercial, industrial, and agricultural	4,815			2,946			4,150			2,451			2,588
Office, retail, and industrial	253			334			2,935			337			534
Multi-family	478			3			39			97			15
Construction	19			125			270			56			350
Other commercial real estate	357			1,532			244			524			2,031
Consumer	2,062			1,681			1,541			1,298			1,183
Total recoveries of loan charge-offs	7,984			6,621			9,179			4,763			6,701
Net loan charge-offs	38,224			41,364			21,644			18,530			20,216
Provision for loan losses	44,027			47,854			31,290			30,983			21,152
Increase (decrease) in reserve for unfunded commitments⁽¹⁾	—			200			—			(225)			(591)
Total provision for loan losses and other expense	44,027			48,054			31,290			30,758			20,561
Ending balance	$	109,222		$	103,419		$	96,729		$	87,083		$	74,855
Allowance for credit losses
Allowance for loan losses	$	108,022		$	102,219		$	95,729		$	86,083		$	73,630
Reserve for unfunded commitments	1,200			1,200			1,000			1,000			1,225
Total allowance for credit losses	$	109,222		$	103,419		$	96,729		$	87,083		$	74,855
Allowance for credit losses to loans⁽²⁾	0.85		%	0.90		%	0.93		%	1.06		%	1.05		%
Allowance for credit losses to loans, excluding acquired loans⁽³⁾	0.95		%	1.01		%	1.07		%	1.11		%	1.11		%
Allowance for credit losses to non-accrual loans	132.76		%	181.64		%	144.54		%	146.88		%	254.35		%
Allowance for credit losses to non-performing loans	125.15		%	158.58		%	137.25		%	135.44		%	230.42		%
Average loans	$	12,197,917		$	10,921,795		$	10,163,119		$	7,864,851		$	6,858,193
Net loan charge-offs to average loans	0.31		%	0.38		%	0.21		%	0.24		%	0.29		%

⁽¹⁾Included in other noninterest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

⁽²⁾This ratio includes acquired loans that are recorded at fair value through an acquisition adjustment, which incorporates credit risk as of the acquisition date with no allowance for credit losses being established at that time. As the acquisition adjustment is accreted into income over future periods, an allowance for credit losses is established as necessary to reflect credit deterioration. See the Allowance for Credit Losses and Acquisition Adjustment table above for further discussion of the allowance for acquired loan losses and the related acquisition adjustment.

⁽³⁾This item is a non-GAAP measure. For a discussion of non-GAAP financial measures, see the section of this Item 7 titled "Non-GAAP Financial Information and Reconciliations."

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Activity in the Allowance for Credit Losses

The allowance for credit losses was $109.2 million as of December 31, 2019, up compared to $103.4 million as of December 31, 2018, driven primarily by loan growth. The decrease in the allowance for credit losses to total loans to 0.85% as of December 31, 2019 from 0.90% as of December 31, 2018 was due primarily to loans acquired in the Bridgeview transaction, for which no allowance for credit losses was established at the time of acquisition in accordance with accounting guidance applicable to business combinations.

The allowance for credit losses was $103.4 million as of December 31, 2018, up compared to $96.7 million as of December 31, 2017, driven primarily by loan growth. The decrease in the allowance for credit losses to total loans to 0.90% as of December 31, 2018 from 0.93% as of December 31, 2017 was due primarily to loans acquired in the Northern States transaction.

The allowance for credit losses increased to $96.7 million as of December 31, 2017 from $87.1 million as of December 31, 2016, and $74.9 million as of December 31, 2015, driven primarily by loan growth and the impact of establishing an allowance on acquired loans.

Net loan charge-offs to average loans decreased to 0.31% for 2019 compared to 0.38% for 2018 and 0.21% for 2017.

Allocation of the Allowance for Credit Losses

Table 21

Allocation of Allowance for Credit Losses

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31,
	2019		% of Total Loans⁽¹⁾	2018		% of Total Loans⁽¹⁾	2017		% of Total Loans⁽¹⁾	2016		% of Total Loans⁽¹⁾	2015		% of Total Loans⁽¹⁾
Commercial, industrial, and agricultural	$	62,830	38.1	$	63,276	39.8	$	55,791	37.9	$	40,709	39.0	$	37,074	40.7
Commercial real estate:
Office, retail, and industrial	7,580		14.4	7,900		15.9	10,996		19.0	17,595		19.2	13,124		19.5
Multi-family	2,950		6.7	2,464		6.7	2,534		6.5	3,261		7.4	2,469		7.4
Construction	1,740		4.6	2,181		5.6	3,501		5.2	3,586		5.4	1,533		3.0
Other commercial real estate	7,346		10.8	5,881		11.9	7,121		13.0	8,306		11.9	6,682		13.0
Total commercial real estate	19,616		36.5	18,426		40.1	24,152		43.7	32,748		43.9	23,808		42.9
Consumer	26,776		25.4	21,717		20.1	16,786		18.4	13,626		17.1	13,973		16.4
Total allowance for credit losses	$	109,222	100.0	$	103,419	100.0	$	96,729	100.0	$	87,083	100.0	$	74,855	100.0

⁽¹⁾Percentages represent total loans in each category to total loans.

INVESTMENT IN BANK-OWNED LIFE INSURANCE

We previously purchased life insurance policies on the lives of certain directors and officers and are the sole owner and beneficiary of the policies. We invested in these BOLI policies to provide an efficient form of funding for long-term retirement and other employee benefit costs. Therefore, our BOLI policies are intended to be long-term investments to provide funding for long-term liabilities. We record these BOLI policies as a separate line item in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at each policy's respective cash surrender value ("CSV") with changes recorded as a component of noninterest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income. As of December 31, 2019, the CSV of BOLI assets totaled $296.4 million. Income and proceeds for BOLI policies are not subject to income taxation.

As of December 31, 2019, 54% of our total BOLI portfolio is invested in general account life insurance distributed among fifteen insurance carriers, all of which carry investment grade ratings. This general account life insurance typically includes a feature guaranteeing minimum returns. The remaining 46% is in separate account life insurance, which is managed by third-party investment advisers under pre-determined investment guidelines. Stable value protection is a feature available for separate account life insurance policies that is designed to protect a policy's CSV from market fluctuations, within limits, on underlying investments. Our entire separate account portfolio has stable value protection purchased from a highly rated financial institution. To the extent fair values on individual contracts fall below 80% of their CSV, the CSV of the specific contracts may be reduced or the underlying assets may be transferred to short-duration investments, resulting in lower earnings.

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For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017, we had BOLI income of $8.4 million, $5.8 million, and $5.9 million, respectively.

GOODWILL

The carrying amount of goodwill was $796.8 million as of December 31, 2019 and $728.8 million as of December 31, 2018. Goodwill increased by $67.9 million from December 31, 2018, which consisted of $67.3 million related to the Bridgeview and Northern Oak acquisitions, and a $673,000 measurement period adjustment related to finalizing the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the Northern States acquisition. For additional detail regarding goodwill, see Note 10 of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

Goodwill is tested annually for impairment or when events or circumstances indicate a need to perform interim tests, as described in Note 1 of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K. During 2019, we performed our annual impairment test of goodwill at October 1, 2019 and determined that goodwill was not impaired at that date and there was no indication that goodwill was impaired as of December 31, 2019.

DEFERRED TAX ASSETS

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributed to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis. For additional discussion of income taxes, see Notes 1 and 16 of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K. Income tax expense recorded due to changes in uncertain tax positions is also described in Note 16.

Table 22

Deferred Tax Assets

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31,								% Change
	2019		2018		2017		2019-2018	2018-2017
Net DTAs	$	43,382	$	60,129	$	64,736	(27.9)	(7.1)

Management assessed whether it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the DTAs will not be realized. This assessment considered whether, in the periods of reversal, the DTAs can be realized through carryback to income in prior years, future reversals of existing deferred tax liabilities, and future taxable income, including taxable income resulting from the application of future tax planning strategies. The assessment also considered positive and negative evidence, including pre-tax income during the current and prior two years, actual performance compared to budget, trends in non-performing assets and corporate performing potential problem loans, the Company's capital position, and any unsettled circumstances that could impact future earnings. Based on this assessment, management determined that it is more likely than not that our DTAs will be fully realized and no valuation allowance is required as of December 31, 2019.

Net DTAs decreased in 2019 due primarily to securities valuation adjustments and the recognition of the remaining deferred gain on a sale-leaseback transaction, partially offset by net DTAs acquired as part of the Bridgeview acquisition. Net DTAs decreased in 2018 due primarily to additional 2017 tax return deductions, partially offset by net DTAs acquired as part of the Northern States acquisition.

FUNDING AND LIQUIDITY MANAGEMENT

Liquidity measures the ability to meet current and future cash flows as they become due. Our approach to liquidity management is to obtain funding sources at a minimum cost to meet fluctuating deposit, withdrawal, and loan demand needs. Our liquidity policy establishes parameters to maintain flexibility in responding to changes in liquidity needs over a 12-month forward-looking period, including the requirement to formulate a quarterly liquidity compliance plan for review by the Bank's Board of Directors. The compliance plan includes an analysis that measures projected needs to purchase and sell funds and incorporates a set of projected balance sheet assumptions that are updated quarterly. Based on these assumptions, we determine our total cash liquidity on hand and excess collateral capacity from pledging, unused federal funds purchased lines, and other unused borrowing capacity, such as FHLB advances, resulting in a calculation of our total liquidity capacity. Our total policy-directed liquidity requirement is to have funding sources available to cover 50.0% of non-collateralized, non-FDIC insured, non-maturity deposits. Based on our projections as of December 31, 2019, we expect to have liquidity capacity in excess of policy guidelines for the forward twelve-month period.

The liquidity needs of the Company on an unconsolidated basis (the "Parent Company") consist primarily of operating expenses, debt service payments, and dividend payments to our stockholders, which totaled $98.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. The primary source of liquidity for the Parent Company is dividends from subsidiaries. The Parent Company had $86.3 million of junior subordinated debentures, $147.6 million of subordinated notes, and cash and interest-

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bearing deposits of $247.5 million as of December 31, 2019. On September 27, 2016, the Company entered into a loan agreement with U.S. Bank National Association providing for a $50.0 million short-term, unsecured revolving credit facility. On September 26, 2019, the Company entered into a third amendment to this credit facility, which extends the maturity to September 26, 2020. As of December 31, 2019, no amount was outstanding under the facility. The Parent Company has the ability to enhance its liquidity position by raising capital or incurring debt.

Total deposits and borrowed funds as of December 31, 2019 are summarized in Notes 11 and 12 of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K. The following table provides a comparison of average funding sources over the last three years. We believe that average balances, rather than period-end balances, are more meaningful in analyzing funding sources because of the normal fluctuations that may occur on a daily or monthly basis within funding categories.

Table 23

Funding Sources - Average Balances

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Years Ended December 31,											% Change
	2019		% of Total	2018		% of Total	2017		% of Total	2019-2018	2018-2017
Demand deposits	$	3,772,276	26.1	$	3,600,369	28.5	$	3,520,737	29.7	4.8	2.3
Savings deposits	2,054,572		14.2	2,031,001		16.1	2,039,986		17.2	1.2	(0.4)
NOW accounts	2,280,956		15.8	2,088,317		16.5	1,990,021		16.8	9.2	4.9
Money market accounts	1,995,196		13.8	1,794,363		14.2	1,925,273		16.3	11.2	(6.8)
Core deposits	10,103,000		69.9	9,514,050		75.3	9,476,017		80.0	6.2	0.4
Time deposits	2,688,751		18.6	1,938,497		15.3	1,539,383		13.0	38.7	25.9
Brokered deposits	202,076		1.5	41,033		0.3	19,448		0.2	392.5	111.0
Total time deposits	2,890,827		20.1	1,979,530		15.6	1,558,831		13.2	46.0	27.0
Total deposits	12,993,827		90.0	11,493,580		90.9	11,034,848		93.2	13.1	4.2
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	102,133		0.7	114,281		0.9	120,700		1.0	(10.6)	(5.3)
Federal funds purchased	40,914		0.3	6,178		0.1	—		—	562.3	—
FHLB advances	1,067,199		7.4	826,077		6.5	501,391		4.2	29.2	64.8

Total borrowed funds	1,210,246		8.4	946,536		7.5	622,091		5.2	27.9	52.2
Senior and subordinated debt	223,148		1.6	197,564		1.6	194,891		1.6	12.9	1.4
Total funding sources	$	14,427,221	100.0	$	12,637,680	100.0	$	11,851,830	100.0	14.2	6.6

Average Funding Sources

Total average funding sources of $14.4 billion for 2019 increased by $1.8 billion, or 14.2%, from 2018. The increase in total average funding sources was driven by deposits assumed in the Bridgeview transaction in the second quarter of 2019 and Northern States transaction in the fourth quarter of 2018, FHLB advances, and organic deposit growth.

Total average funding sources of $12.6 billion for 2018 increased by $785.9 million, or 6.6%, from 2017. The increase resulted primarily from FHLB advances as well as the continued success of time deposit marketing initiatives. In addition, funding sources acquired in the Northern States acquisition contributed to the increase.

Time Deposits

Table 24

Maturities of Time Deposits Greater Than $100,000

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31, 2019
Three months or less	$	734,738
Greater than three months to six months	325,399
Greater than six months to twelve months	262,790
Greater than twelve months	94,918
Total	$	1,417,845

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Borrowed Funds

Table 25

Borrowed Funds

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	2019					2018				2017
	Amount		Weighted- Average Rate %	Amount		Weighted- Average Rate %	Amount		Weighted- Average Rate %
At period-end:
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	$	103,515	0.07	$	121,079	0.08	$	124,884	0.07
Federal funds purchased	160,000		0.49	—		—	—		—
FHLB advances	1,395,243		1.34	785,000		2.53	590,000		1.22
Total borrowed funds	$	1,658,758	1.18	$	906,079	2.20	$	714,884	1.02
Average for the year-to-date period:
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	$	102,133	0.08	$	114,281	0.09	$	120,700	0.07
Federal funds purchased	40,914		1.91	6,178		1.94	—		—
FHLB advances	1,067,199		1.63	826,077		1.84	501,391		1.80

Total borrowed funds	$	1,210,246	1.51	$	946,536	1.63	$	622,091	1.46
Maximum amount outstanding at the end of any day during the period:
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	$	122,441		$	128,553		$	140,764
Federal funds purchased	295,000			140,000			—
FHLB advances	1,547,000			1,105,000			940,000

Average borrowed funds totaled $1.2 billion, $946.5 million, and $622.1 million for 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively. The increase in 2019 from 2018 and in 2018 from 2017 was due primarily to higher levels of FHLB advances. The weighted-average rate on FHLB advances for the year-to-date periods was impacted by the hedging of $560.0 million, $740.0 million, and $415.0 million of FHLB advances as of December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively, using interest rate swaps through which the Company receives variable amounts and pays fixed amounts. The weighted-average interest rate paid on these interest rate swaps was 1.81%, 1.92%, and 2.17% as of December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively. For further discussion of interest rate swaps, see Note 20 of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

During 2019, the Company renewed its loan agreement with U.S. Bank National Association providing for a $50.0 million short-term, unsecured revolving credit facility to provide that the credit facility will mature on September 26, 2020. Advances will bear interest at a rate equal to one-month LIBOR plus 1.75%, adjusted on a monthly basis, and the Company must pay an unused facility fee equal to 0.35% per annum on a quarterly basis. As of December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017, no amount was outstanding under the facility.

We make interchangeable use of repurchase agreements, FHLB advances, and federal funds purchased to supplement deposits. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase and federal funds purchased generally mature within 1 to 90 days from the transaction date.

Senior and Subordinated Debt

Average senior and subordinated debt increased by $25.6 million, or 12.9%, from 2018 to 2019. The increase resulted from the acquisition of Bridgeview Statutory Trust I and Bridgeview Capital Trust II, as part of the Bridgeview acquisition completed during the second quarter of 2019. Average senior and subordinated debt increased $2.7 million, or 1.4%, from 2017 to 2018. The increase resulted from the acquisition of Northern States Statutory Trust I as part of the Northern States acquisition completed during the fourth quarter of 2018. See Note 13 of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K for additional discussion regarding these transactions.

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CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS, COMMITMENTS, OFF-BALANCE SHEET RISK, AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES

Through our normal course of operations, we enter into certain contractual obligations and other commitments. These obligations generally relate to the funding of operations through deposits or debt issuances, as well as leases for premises and equipment. As a financial services provider, we routinely enter into commitments to extend credit. While contractual obligations represent our future cash requirements, a significant portion of commitments to extend credit may expire without being drawn. These commitments are subject to the same credit policies and approval process used for our loans.

The following table presents our significant fixed and determinable contractual obligations and significant commitments as of December 31, 2019. Further discussion of the nature of each obligation is included in the referenced note of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

Table 26

Contractual Obligations, Commitments, Off-Balance Sheet Risk, and Contingent Liabilities

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


		Payments Due In
	Note Reference	One Year or Less		Greater Than One to Three Years		Greater Than Three to Five Years		Greater Than Five Years		Total
Core deposits (no stated maturity)	11	$	10,217,824	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	10,217,824
Time deposits	11	2,800,474		184,946		47,686		348		3,033,454
Borrowed funds	12	933,515		—		200,243		525,000		1,658,758
Subordinated debt	13	—		—		—		233,948		233,948
Operating leases	8	17,855		35,880		36,265		103,967		193,967
Pension liability	17	8,478		11,172		9,474		41,112		70,236
Uncertain tax positions liability	16	N/M		N/M		N/M		N/M		16,384
Commitments to extend credit	21	N/M		N/M		N/M		N/M		2,976,142
Letters of credit	21	N/M		N/M		N/M		N/M		103,684

N/M – Not meaningful.

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MANAGEMENT OF CAPITAL

Capital Measurements

A strong capital structure is required under applicable banking regulations and is crucial in maintaining investor confidence, accessing capital markets, and enabling us to take advantage of future growth opportunities. Our capital policy requires that the Company and the Bank maintain capital ratios in excess of the minimum regulatory guidelines. It serves as an internal discipline in analyzing business risks and internal growth opportunities and sets targeted levels of return on equity. Under regulatory capital adequacy guidelines, the Company and the Bank are subject to various capital requirements set and administered by the federal banking agencies. The Company and the Bank are subject to the Basel III Capital rules, a comprehensive capital framework for U.S. banking organizations published by the Federal Reserve. These rules are discussed in the "Supervision and Regulation" section in Item 1, "Business" of this Form 10-K.

The following table presents our consolidated measures of capital as of the dates presented and the capital guidelines established by the Federal Reserve for the Bank to be categorized as "well-capitalized." We manage our capital ratios for both the Company and the Bank to consistently maintain these measurements in excess of the Federal Reserve's minimum levels to be considered "well-capitalized," which is the highest capital category established. All regulatory mandated ratios for characterization as "well-capitalized" were exceeded as of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

Table 27

Capital Measurements

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


					As of December 31, 2019
	As of December 31,						Regulatory Minimum For Well- Capitalized		Excess Over Required Minimums
	2019		2018
Bank regulatory capital ratios
Total capital to risk-weighted assets	11.28	%	11.39	%	10.00	%	13	%	$	180,985
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets	10.51	%	10.58	%	8.00	%	31	%	$	355,344
CET1 to risk-weighted assets	10.51	%	10.58	%	6.50	%	62	%	$	568,029
Tier 1 capital to average assets	8.79	%	9.41	%	5.00	%	76	%	$	642,701
Company regulatory capital ratios
Total capital to risk-weighted assets	12.96	%	12.62	%	N/A		N/A		N/A
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets	10.52	%	10.20	%	N/A		N/A		N/A
CET1 to risk-weighted assets	10.52	%	10.20	%	N/A		N/A		N/A
Tier 1 capital to average assets	8.81	%	8.90	%	N/A		N/A		N/A

Company tangible common equity ratios⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾
Tangible common equity to tangible assets	8.81	%	8.59	%	N/A		N/A		N/A
Tangible common equity, excluding accumulated other comprehensive income, to tangible assets	8.82	%	8.95	%	N/A		N/A		N/A
Tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets	10.51	%	9.81	%	N/A		N/A		N/A

N/A – Not applicable.

⁽¹⁾Ratios are not subject to formal Federal Reserve regulatory guidance.

⁽²⁾Tangible common equity ratios are non-GAAP financial measures. For a discussion of non-GAAP financial measures, see the section of this Item 7 titled "Non-GAAP Financial Information and Reconciliations."

The Company's regulatory capital ratios as of December 31, 2019 generally increased compared to December 31, 2018, as strong earnings and deferred gains recognized due to the adoption of lease accounting guidance at the beginning of 2019 more than offset capital deployed for the Bridgeview and Northern Oak acquisitions, the impact of loan growth and securities purchases on risk-weighted assets, and stock repurchases.

The Board reviews the Company's capital plan each quarter, considering the current and expected operating environment as well as evaluating various capital alternatives. For further details of the regulatory capital requirements and ratios as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 for the Company and the Bank, see Note 19 of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

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Stock Repurchase Programs

On March 19, 2019, the Company announced a stock repurchase program that authorized the Company to repurchase up to $180 million of its common stock from time to time on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions at the discretion of the Company. During 2019, the Company repurchased approximately 1.7 million shares of its common stock at a total cost of $33.9 million.

On February 19, 2020, the Board approved a new stock repurchase program, under which the Company is authorized to repurchase up to $200 million of its outstanding common stock through December 31, 2021. This new stock repurchase program replaces the prior $180 million program, which was scheduled to expire in March 2020. The stock repurchase program does not obligate the Company to repurchase a specific dollar amount or number of shares, and the program may be extended, modified, or discontinued at any time. Repurchases under the Company's repurchase programs are made at prices determined by the Company.

Shares repurchased, whether as part of or outside of the Board-approved program, are held as treasury stock and are available for issuance in connection with our qualified and nonqualified retirement plans, share-based compensation plans, and other general corporate purposes. We reissued 131,392 treasury shares in 2019 and 138,324 treasury shares in 2018 pursuant to these plans.

Dividends

The Board declared a quarterly cash dividend on the Company's common stock of $0.09 per share for the first quarter of 2017 with an increase in the quarterly cash dividend to $0.10 per share for each of the quarters thereafter in 2017. The Company increased the quarterly cash dividend to $0.11 per share for each of the first three quarters of 2018 with an increase to $0.12 per share for the fourth quarter of 2018 and first quarter of 2019. The quarterly cash dividend increased to $0.14 per share for each of the quarters from the second quarter of 2019 through the fourth quarter of 2019. The dividend for the fourth quarter of 2019 represents the 148^th consecutive cash dividend paid by the Company since its inception in 1983.

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QUARTERLY EARNINGS

Table 28

Quarterly Earnings Performance⁽¹⁾

(Dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data)


	2019																					2018
	Fourth			Third			Second			First			Fourth			Third			Second			First
Interest income	$	176,604		$	181,963		$	177,682		$	162,490		$	159,527		$	149,532		$	142,088		$	131,345
Interest expense	28,245			31,176			27,370			23,466			20,898			17,505			14,685			12,782
Net interest income	148,359			150,787			150,312			139,024			138,629			132,027			127,403			118,563
Provision for loan losses	9,594			12,498			11,491			10,444			9,811			11,248			11,614			15,181
Noninterest income	46,496			42,951			38,526			34,906			36,462			35,666			36,947			35,517
Noninterest expense	116,748			108,395			114,142			102,110			110,828			96,477			113,416			95,582
Income before income tax expense	68,513			72,845			63,205			61,376			54,452			59,968			39,320			43,317
Income tax expense	16,392			18,300			16,191			15,318			13,044			6,616			9,720			9,807
Net income	$	52,121		$	54,545		$	47,014		$	46,058		$	41,408		$	53,352		$	29,600		$	33,510



Basic earnings per common share	$	0.47		$	0.49		$	0.43		$	0.43		$	0.39		$	0.52		$	0.29		$	0.33
Diluted earnings per common share	$	0.47		$	0.49		$	0.43		$	0.43		$	0.39		$	0.52		$	0.29		$	0.33
Diluted earnings per common share, adjusted⁽²⁾	$	0.51		$	0.52		$	0.50		$	0.46		$	0.48		$	0.46		$	0.40		$	0.33
Dividends declared per common share	$	0.14		$	0.14		$	0.14		$	0.12		$	0.12		$	0.11		$	0.11		$	0.11
Return on average common equity	8.69		%	9.22		%	8.34		%	8.66		%	8.09		%	10.99		%	6.23		%	7.19		%
Return on average common equity, adjusted⁽²⁾	9.38		%	9.68		%	9.68		%	9.22		%	9.97		%	9.73		%	8.62		%	7.19		%
Return on average assets	1.16		%	1.22		%	1.13		%	1.19		%	1.06		%	1.42		%	0.81		%	0.96		%
Return on average assets, adjusted⁽²⁾	1.25		%	1.28		%	1.31		%	1.27		%	1.30		%	1.26		%	1.12		%	0.96		%
Tax-equivalent net interest income/margin	3.72		%	3.82		%	4.06		%	4.04		%	3.96		%	3.92		%	3.91		%	3.80		%

⁽¹⁾All ratios are presented on an annualized basis.

⁽²⁾These ratios are non-GAAP financial measures. For a discussion of non-GAAP financial measures, see the section of this Item 7 titled "Non-GAAP Financial Information and Reconciliations."

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP and are consistent with general practices within the banking industry. Application of GAAP requires management to make estimates, assumptions, and judgments based on the best available information as of the date of the financial statements that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Critical accounting estimates are those estimates that management believes are the most important to our financial position and results of operations. Future changes in information may impact these estimates, assumptions, and judgments, which may have a material effect on the amounts reported in the financial statements.

The most significant of our accounting policies and estimates are presented in Note 1 of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K. Along with the disclosures presented in the other financial statement notes and in this discussion, these policies provide information on how significant assets and liabilities are valued in the financial statements and how those values are determined. Based on the valuation techniques used and the sensitivity of financial statement amounts to the methods, estimates, assumptions, and judgments underlying those amounts, management determined that our accounting policies for the allowance for credit losses, valuation of securities, income taxes, and goodwill and other intangible assets are considered to be our critical accounting estimates.

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Allowance for Credit Losses

The determination of the allowance for credit losses is inherently subjective since it requires significant estimates and management judgment, including the amounts and timing of expected future cash flows on impaired loans, estimated losses on pools of homogeneous loans, actual loss experience, and consideration of current national and local economic trends and conditions, changes in interest rates and property values, and various internal and external qualitative factors, all of which are susceptible to significant change. Credit exposures deemed to be uncollectible are charged-off against the allowance for loan losses, while recoveries of amounts previously charged-off are credited to the allowance for loan losses. Additions to the allowance for loan losses are established through the provision for loan losses charged to expense. The amount charged to operating expense depends on a number of factors, including historic loan growth, changes in the composition of the loan portfolio, net charge-off levels, and our assessment of the allowance for loan losses. For additional discussion of the allowance for credit losses, see Notes 1 and 7 of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

Valuation of Securities

The fair values of securities are based on quoted prices obtained from third-party pricing services or dealer market participants where a ready market for such securities exists. In the absence of quoted prices or where a market for the security does not exist, management judgment and estimation is used, which may include modeling-based techniques. The use of different judgments and estimates to determine the fair value of securities could result in a different fair value estimate.

On a quarterly basis, we assess securities with unrealized losses to determine whether OTTI has occurred. In evaluating OTTI, management considers many factors, including the severity and duration of the impairment, the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, including external credit ratings and recent downgrades for debt securities, intent to hold the security until its value recovers, and the likelihood that the Company would be required to sell the securities before a recovery in value, which may be at maturity. The term "other-than-temporary" is not intended to indicate that the decline is permanent. It indicates that the prospects for near-term recovery are not necessarily favorable or there is a lack of evidence to support fair values greater than or equal to the carrying value of the investment. Securities for which there is an unrealized loss that is deemed to be other-than-temporary are written down to fair value with the write-down recorded as a realized loss and included in net securities losses, but only to the extent the impairment is related to credit deterioration. The amount of the impairment related to other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) unless management intends to sell the security in a short period of time or believes it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security prior to full recovery. The determination of OTTI is subjective and different judgments and assumptions could affect the timing and amount of loss realization. For additional discussion of securities, see Notes 1 and 4 of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

Income Taxes

We determine our income tax expense based on management's judgments and estimates regarding permanent differences in the treatment of specific items of income and expense for financial statement and income tax purposes. These permanent differences result in an effective tax rate that differs from the federal statutory rate. In addition, we recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition based on management's judgment and estimates regarding timing differences in the recognition of income and expenses for financial statement and income tax purposes.

We assess the likelihood that any DTAs will be realized through the reduction or refund of taxes in future periods and establish a valuation allowance for those assets for which recovery is not more likely than not. In making this assessment, management makes judgments and estimates regarding the ability to realize the asset through carryback to taxable income in prior years, the future reversal of existing taxable temporary differences, future taxable income, and the possible application of future tax planning strategies. Management believes that it is more likely than not that DTAs included in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition will be fully realized, although there is no guarantee that those assets will be recognizable in future periods.

Management also makes certain interpretations of federal and state income tax laws for which the outcome of the tax position may not be certain. Uncertain tax positions are periodically evaluated and we may establish tax reserves for benefits that may not be realized. For additional discussion of income taxes, see Notes 1 and 16 of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired using the acquisition method of accounting. This method requires that all identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the transaction, both intangible and tangible, be recorded at their estimated fair value upon acquisition. Determining the fair value often involves estimates based on third-party valuations, such as appraisals, or internal valuations based on discounted cash flow analyses or other valuation techniques. Goodwill is not amortized, instead, we assess the potential for impairment on an annual basis or more frequently if events and circumstances indicate that goodwill might be impaired.

Other intangible assets represent purchased assets that lack physical substance, but can be distinguished from goodwill because of contractual or other legal rights or because the asset is capable of being sold or exchanged either on its own or in combination with a related contract, asset, or liability. The determination of the useful lives over which an intangible asset will be amortized is subjective. Intangible assets are reviewed for impairment annually or more frequently when events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. For additional discussion of goodwill and other intangible assets, see Notes 1 and 10 of "Notes to the Consolidated financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

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NON-GAAP FINANCIAL INFORMATION AND RECONCILIATIONS

The Company's accounting and reporting policies conform to GAAP and general practices within the banking industry. As a supplement to GAAP, the Company provides non-GAAP performance results, which the Company believes are useful because they assist investors in assessing the Company's operating performance. These non-GAAP financial measures include earnings per share ("EPS"), adjusted, the efficiency ratio, return on average assets, adjusted, tax-equivalent net interest income (including its individual components), tax-equivalent net interest margin, tax-equivalent net interest margin, adjusted, noninterest income, adjusted, noninterest expense, adjusted, effective income tax rate, adjusted, allowance for credit losses to loans, excluding acquired loans, return on average common equity, adjusted, tangible book value, tangible common equity to tangible assets, tangible common equity, excluding accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI"), to tangible assets, tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets, return on average tangible common equity, and return on average tangible common equity, adjusted.

The Company presents EPS, the efficiency ratio, return on average assets, return on average common equity, and return on average tangible common equity, all adjusted for certain significant transactions. These transactions include acquisition and integration related expenses associated with completed and pending acquisitions (all periods presented, excluding first and second quarter 2018), Delivering Excellence implementation costs (all periods in 2019 and 2018, excluding first quarter 2018), income tax benefits (third quarter and full year 2018), revaluation of DTAs (2017), certain actions resulting in securities losses and gains (2017), a special bonus to colleagues (2017), a charitable contribution to the First Midwest Charitable Foundation (2017), a net gain on sale-leaseback transaction (2016), a lease cancellation fee recognized as a result of the Company's planned 2018 corporate headquarters relocation (2016), and property valuation adjustments (2015). In addition, net OREO expense is excluded from the calculation of the efficiency ratio. Management believes excluding these transactions from EPS, the efficiency ratio, return on average assets, return on average common equity, and return on average tangible common equity may be useful in assessing the Company's underlying operational performance since these transactions do not pertain to its core business operations and their exclusion facilitates better comparability between periods. Management believes that excluding acquisition and integration related expenses from these metrics may be useful to the Company, as well as analysts and investors, since these expenses can vary significantly based on the size, type, and structure of each acquisition. Additionally, management believes excluding these transactions from these metrics may enhance comparability for peer comparison purposes.

The Company presents noninterest income, adjusted, which excludes the accounting reclassification and net securities losses and noninterest expense, adjusted, which excludes Delivering Excellence implementation costs, acquisition and integration related expenses, the accounting reclassification, a special bonus to colleagues, a charitable contribution to the First Midwest Charitable Foundation, and a lease cancellation fee recognized as a result of the Company's planned 2018 corporate headquarters relocation. In addition, the Company presents the effective income tax rate, adjusted, which excludes certain income tax benefits resulting from federal income tax reform and the revaluation of DTAs. Management believes that excluding these items from noninterest income, noninterest expense, and the effective income tax rate may be useful in assessing the Company's underlying operational performance as these items either do not pertain to its core business operations or their exclusion may facilitate better comparability between periods and for peer comparison purposes.

The tax-equivalent adjustment to net interest income and net interest margin recognizes the income tax savings when comparing taxable and tax-exempt assets. Interest income and yields on tax-exempt securities and loans subsequent to December 31, 2017 are presented using the current federal income tax rate of 21% and prior periods are computed using the federal income tax rate applicable at that time of 35%. Management believes that it is standard practice in the banking industry to present net interest income and net interest margin on a fully tax-equivalent basis and that it may enhance comparability for peer comparison purposes. In addition, management believes that presenting the tax-equivalent net interest margin, adjusted, may enhance comparability for peer comparison purposes and may be useful to the Company, as well as analysts and investors, since acquired loan accretion income may fluctuate based on the size of each acquisition, as well as from period to period.

In management's view, tangible common equity measures are capital adequacy metrics meaningful to the Company, as well as analysts and investors, in assessing the Company's use of equity and in facilitating comparisons with peers. These non-GAAP measures are valuable indicators of a financial institution's capital strength since they eliminate intangible assets from stockholders' equity and retain the effect of accumulated other comprehensive loss in stockholders' equity.

The Company presents the allowance for credit losses to total loans, excluding acquired loans. Management believes excluding acquired loans is useful as it facilitates better comparability between periods as these loans are recorded at fair value, which incorporates credit risk, at the date of acquisition. No allowance for credit losses is recorded on the acquisition date. As the acquisition adjustment is accreted into income over future periods, an allowance for credit losses is established as necessary to reflect credit deterioration. Additionally, management believes excluding these transactions from these metrics may enhance comparability for peer comparison purposes. See Table 20 in the section of this Item 7 titled "Loan Portfolio and Credit Quality" for details on the calculation of this measure.

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Although intended to enhance investors' understanding of the Company's business and performance, these non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered an alternative to GAAP. In addition, these non-GAAP financial measures may differ from those used by other financial institutions to assess their business and performance. See the previously provided tables and the following reconciliations for details on the calculation of these measures to the extent presented herein.

Non-GAAP Reconciliations

(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)


	Years Ended December 31,
	2019			2018			2017			2016			2015
Earnings Per Share
Net income	$	199,738		$	157,870		$	98,387		$	92,349		$	82,064
Net income applicable to non-vested restricted shares	(1,681)			(1,312)			(916)			(1,043)			(882)
Net income applicable to common shares	198,057			156,558			97,471			91,306			81,182
Adjustments to net income:
Acquisition and integration related expenses	21,860			9,613			20,123			14,352			1,389
Tax effect of acquisition and integration related expenses	(5,466)			(2,403)			(8,053)			(5,741)			(556)
Delivering Excellence implementation costs	1,157			20,413			—			—			—
Tax effect of Delivering Excellence implementation costs	(291)			(5,104)			—			—			—
Income tax benefits⁽¹⁾	—			(7,798)			—			—			—
DTA revaluation	—			—			23,709			—			—
Losses from securities portfolio actions	—			—			2,160			—			—
Tax effect of losses from securities portfolio actions	—			—			(885)			—			—
Special bonus	—			—			1,915			—			—
Tax effect of special bonus	—			—			(785)			—			—
Charitable contribution	—			—			1,600			—			—
Tax effect of charitable contribution	—			—			(656)			—			—
Net gain on sale-leaseback transaction	—			—			—			(5,509)			—
Tax effect of net gain on sale-leaseback transaction	—			—			—			2,204			—
Lease cancellation fee	—			—			—			950			—
Tax effect of lease cancellation fee	—			—			—			(380)			—
Property valuation adjustments	—			—			—			—			8,581
Tax effect of property valuation adjustments	—			—			—			—			(3,432)
Total adjustments to net income, net of tax	17,260			14,721			39,128			5,876			5,982
Net income applicable to common shares, adjusted	$	215,317		$	171,279		$	136,599		$	97,182		$	87,164
Weighted-average common shares outstanding:
Weighted-average common shares outstanding (basic)	108,156			102,850			101,423			79,797			77,059
Dilutive effect of common stock equivalents	428			4			20			13			13
Weighted-average diluted common shares outstanding	108,584			102,854			101,443			79,810			77,072
Basic EPS	$	1.83		$	1.52		$	0.96		$	1.14		$	1.05
Diluted EPS	$	1.82		$	1.52		$	0.96		$	1.14		$	1.05
Diluted EPS, adjusted⁽²⁾	$	1.98		$	1.67		$	1.35		$	1.22		$	1.13
Effective Tax Rate
Income before income tax expense	$	265,939		$	197,057		$	187,954		$	138,520		$	119,811
Income tax expense	$	66,201		$	39,187		$	89,567		$	46,171		$	37,747
Income tax benefits⁽¹⁾	—			7,798			—			—			—
DTA revaluation	—			—			(23,709)			—			—
Income tax expense, adjusted	$	66,201		$	46,985		$	65,858		$	46,171		$	37,747
Effective income tax rate	24.89		%	19.89		%	47.65		%	33.33		%	31.51		%
Effective income tax rate, adjusted	24.89		%	23.84		%	35.04		%	33.33		%	31.51		%
Return on Average Assets
Net income	$	199,738		$	157,870		$	98,387		$	92,349		$	82,064
Total adjustments to net income, net of tax⁽²⁾	17,260			14,721			39,128			5,876			5,982
Net income, adjusted⁽²⁾	$	216,998		$	172,591		$	137,515		$	98,225		$	88,046
Average assets	$	17,007,061		$	14,801,581		$	13,978,693		$	10,934,240		$	9,702,051
Return on average assets⁽³⁾	1.17		%	1.07		%	0.70		%	0.84		%	0.85		%
Return on average assets, adjusted⁽²⁾⁽³⁾	1.28		%	1.17		%	0.98		%	0.90		%	0.91		%

Note: Non-GAAP Reconciliation footnotes are located at the end of this section.

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	Years Ended December 31,
	2019			2018			2017			2016			2015
Return on Average Common and Tangible Common Equity
Net income applicable to common shares	$	198,057		$	156,558		$	97,471		$	91,306		$	81,182
Intangibles amortization	10,481			7,444			7,865			4,682			3,920
Tax effect of intangibles amortization	(2,621)			(1,919)			(3,183)			(1,873)			(1,568)
Net income applicable to common shares, excluding intangibles amortization	205,917			$	162,083		$	102,153		$	94,115		$	83,534
Total adjustments to net income, net of tax⁽²⁾	17,260			14,721			39,128			5,876			5,982
Net income applicable to common shares, excluding intangibles amortization, adjusted⁽²⁾	223,177			$	176,804		$	141,281		$	99,991		$	89,516
Average stockholders' equity	$	2,267,353		$	1,922,527		$	1,832,880		$	1,236,606		$	1,132,058
Less: average intangible assets	(847,171)			(753,588)			(751,292)			(363,112)			(332,269)
Average tangible common equity	$	1,420,182		$	1,168,939		$	1,081,588		$	873,494		$	799,789
Return on average common equity	8.74		%	8.14		%	5.32		%	7.38		%	7.17		%
Return on average common equity, adjusted⁽²⁾	9.50		%	8.91		%	7.45		%	7.86		%	7.70		%
Return on average tangible common equity	14.50		%	13.87		%	9.44		%	10.77		%	10.44		%
Return on average tangible common equity, adjusted⁽²⁾	15.71		%	15.13		%	13.06		%	11.45		%	11.19		%
Efficiency Ratio Calculation
Noninterest expense	$	441,395		$	416,303		$	415,909		$	339,500		$	307,216
Less:
Net OREO expense	(2,436)			(1,162)			(4,683)			(3,024)			(5,281)
Acquisition and integration related expenses	(21,860)			(9,613)			(20,123)			(14,352)			(1,389)
Delivering Excellence implementation costs	(1,157)			(20,413)			—			—			—
Special bonus	—			—			(1,915)			—			—
Charitable contribution	—			—			(1,600)			—			—
Lease cancellation fee	—			—			—			(950)			—
Property valuation adjustments	—			—			—			—			(8,581)
Total	$	415,942		$	385,115		$	387,588		$	321,174		$	291,965
Tax-equivalent net interest income⁽³⁾	$	593,354		$	520,896		$	479,965		$	358,334		$	322,277
Noninterest income	162,879			144,592			163,149			159,312			136,581
Less:
Net securities losses (gains)	—			—			1,876			(1,420)			(2,373)
Net gain on sale-leaseback	—			—			—			(5,509)			—


Total	$	756,233		$	665,488		$	644,990		$	510,717		$	456,485
Efficiency ratio	55.00		%	57.87		%	60.09		%	62.89		%	63.96		%
Efficiency ratio (prior presentation)⁽⁴⁾	N/A			N/A			59.73		%	62.59		%	63.57		%
Dividend Payout Ratio
Common dividends declared	$	0.54		$	0.45		$	0.39		$	0.36		$	0.36
EPS	1.83			1.52			0.96			1.14			1.05
EPS, adjusted⁽²⁾	1.98			1.67			1.35			1.22			1.13
Dividend payout ratio	29.51		%	29.61		%	40.63		%	31.58		%	34.29		%
Dividend payout ratio, adjusted⁽²⁾	27.27		%	26.95		%	28.89		%	29.51		%	31.86		%
Book Value Per Share
Stockholders' equity	$	2,370,793		$	2,054,998		$	1,864,874		$	1,257,080		$	1,146,268
Less: intangible assets	(875,262)			$	(790,744)		$	(754,757)		$	(366,876)		$	(339,277)
Tangible common equity	$	1,495,531		$	1,264,254		$	1,110,117		$	890,204		$	806,991
Common shares outstanding	109,972			106,375			102,717			81,325			77,952
Book value per share	$	21.56		$	19.32		$	18.16		$	15.46		$	14.70
Tangible book value per share	$	13.60		$	11.88		$	10.81		$	10.95		$	10.35

Note: Non-GAAP Reconciliation footnotes are located at the end of this section.

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	As of December 31,
	2019			2018
Tangible Common Equity
Stockholders' equity	$	2,370,793		$	2,054,998
Less: goodwill and other intangible assets	(875,262)			(790,744)
Tangible common equity	1,495,531			1,264,254
Less: AOCI	1,954			52,512
Tangible common equity, excluding AOCI	$	1,497,485		$	1,316,766
Total assets	$	17,850,397		$	15,505,649
Less: goodwill and other intangible assets	(875,262)			(790,744)
Tangible assets	$	16,975,135		$	14,714,905
Risk-weighted assets	$	14,225,444		$	12,892,180
Tangible common equity to tangible assets	8.81		%	8.59		%
Tangible common equity, excluding AOCI, to tangible assets	8.82		%	8.95		%
Tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets	10.51		%	9.81		%

Note: Non-GAAP Reconciliation footnotes are located at the end of this section.

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	2019																					2018
	Fourth			Third			Second			First			Fourth			Third			Second			First
Quarterly Performance
Net income	$	52,121		$	54,545		$	47,014		$	46,058		$	41,408		$	53,352		$	29,600		$	33,510
Net income applicable to non-vested restricted shares	(424)			(465)			(389)			(403)			(320)			(441)			(240)			(311)
Net income applicable to common shares	51,697			54,080			46,625			45,655			41,088			52,911			29,360			33,199
Adjustments to net income:
Acquisition and integration related expenses	5,258			3,397			9,514			3,691			9,553			60			—			—
Tax effect of acquisition and integration related expenses	(1,315)			(849)			(2,379)			(923)			(2,388)			(15)			—			—
Delivering Excellence implementation costs	223			234			442			258			3,159			2,239			15,015			—
Tax effect of Delivering excellence implementation costs	(56)			(59)			(111)			(65)			(790)			(560)			(3,754)			—
Income tax benefits⁽¹⁾	—			—			—			—			—			(7,798)			—			—









Total adjustments to net income, net of tax	4,110			2,723			7,466			2,961			9,534			(6,074)			11,261			—
Net income applicable to common shares, adjusted	$	55,807		$	56,803		$	54,091		$	48,616		$	50,622		$	46,837		$	40,621		$	33,199
Weighted-average common shares outstanding:
Weighted-average common shares outstanding (basic)	109,059			109,281			108,467			105,770			105,116			102,178			102,159			101,922
Dilutive effect of common stock equivalents	519			381			—			—			—			—			—			16
Weighted-average diluted common shares outstanding	109,578			109,662			108,467			105,770			105,116			102,178			102,159			101,938
Average stockholders' equity	$	2,359,197		$	2,327,279		$	2,241,569		$	2,138,281		$	2,015.217		$	1,909,330		$	1,890,727		$	1,873,419
Average assets	17,889,158			17,699,180			16,740,050			15,667,399			15,503,399			14,894,670			14,605,715			14,187,053
Diluted EPS	$	0.47		$	0.49		$	0.43		$	0.43		$	0.39		$	0.52		$	0.29		$	0.33
Diluted EPS, adjusted	$	0.51		$	0.52		$	0.50		$	0.46		$	0.48		$	0.46		$	0.40		$	0.33
Return on average common equity⁽⁵⁾	8.69		%	9.22		%	8.34		%	8.66		%	8.09		%	10.99		%	6.23		%	7.19		%
Return on average common equity, adjusted⁽²⁾⁽⁵⁾	9.38		%	9.68		%	9.68		%	9.22		%	9.97		%	9.73		%	8.62		%	7.19		%
Return on average assets⁽⁵⁾	1.16		%	1.22		%	1.13		%	1.19		%	1.06		%	1.42		%	0.81		%	0.96		%
Return on average assets, adjusted⁽²⁾⁽⁵⁾	1.25		%	1.28		%	1.31		%	1.27		%	1.30		%	1.26		%	1.12		%	0.96		%

⁽¹⁾Includes certain income tax benefits resulting from federal income tax reform.

⁽²⁾Adjustments to net income for each period presented are detailed in the EPS non-GAAP reconciliation above.

⁽³⁾Presented on a tax-equivalent basis, assuming the applicable federal income tax rate for each period presented. As a result, interest income and yields on tax-exempt securities and loans subsequent to December 31, 2017 are presented using the current federal income tax rate of 21% and prior periods are computed using the federal income tax rate applicable at that time of 35%.

⁽⁴⁾Presented as calculated prior to March 31, 2018, which included a tax-equivalent adjustment for BOLI. Management believes that removing this adjustment from the current calculation of this metric enhances comparability for peer comparison purposes.

⁽⁵⁾Annualized based on the actual number of days for each period presented.

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ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The disclosures in this item are qualified by Item 1A "Risk Factors" and the section captioned "Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" in Item 7 "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," of this report, and other cautionary statements set forth elsewhere in this report.

Market risk is the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in the fair value of financial instruments due to changes in interest rates, exchange rates, and equity prices. Interest rate risk is our primary market risk and is the result of repricing, basis, and option risk. Repricing risk represents timing mismatches in our ability to alter contractual rates earned on interest-earning assets or paid on interest-bearing liabilities in response to changes in market interest rates. Basis risk refers to the potential for changes in the underlying relationship between market rates or indices, which subsequently result in a narrowing of the spread between the rate earned on a loan or investment and the rate paid to fund that investment. Option risk arises from the "embedded options" present in many financial instruments, such as loan prepayment options or deposit early withdrawal options. These provide customers opportunities to take advantage of directional changes in interest rates and could have an adverse impact on our margin performance.

We seek to achieve consistent growth in net interest income and net income while managing volatility that arises from shifts in interest rates. The Bank's Asset Liability Committee ("ALCO") oversees financial risk management by developing programs to measure and manage interest rate risks within authorized limits set by the Bank's Board of Directors. ALCO also approves the Bank's asset and liability management policies, oversees the formulation and implementation of strategies to improve balance sheet positioning and earnings, and reviews the Bank's interest rate sensitivity position. Management uses net interest income simulation modeling to analyze and capture exposure of earnings to changes in interest rates.

Net Interest Income Sensitivity

The analysis of net interest income sensitivity assesses the magnitude of changes in net interest income over a twelve-month measurement period resulting from immediate changes in interest rates using multiple rate scenarios. These scenarios include, but are not limited to, a flat or unchanged rate environment, immediate increases of 100, 200, and 300 basis points, and an immediate decrease of 100 basis points.

This simulation analysis is based on expected future cash flows and repricing characteristics for balance sheet and off-balance sheet instruments and incorporates market-based assumptions regarding the effect of changing interest rates on the prepayment rates of certain assets and liabilities. In addition, this sensitivity analysis examines assets and liabilities at the beginning of the measurement period and does not assume any changes from growth or business plans over the next twelve months. Interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities are assumed to re-price based on contractual terms over the twelve-month measurement period assuming an instantaneous parallel shift in interest rates in effect at the beginning of the measurement period. The simulation analysis also incorporates assumptions based on the historical behavior of deposit rates in relation to interest rates. Because these assumptions are inherently uncertain, the simulation analysis cannot definitively measure net interest income or predict the impact of the fluctuation in interest rates on net interest income, but does provide an indication of the Company's sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Actual results may differ from simulated results due to the timing, magnitude, and frequency of interest rate changes as well as changes in market conditions and management strategies.

The Company's current simulation analysis indicates we would benefit from rising interest rates. Interest-earning assets consist of short and long-term products. Excluding non-accrual loans, and including the impact of hedging certain corporate variable rate loans using interest rate swaps through which the Company receives fixed amounts and pays variable amounts, 49% of the loan portfolio consisted of fixed rate loans and 51% were floating rate loans as of December 31, 2019, consistent with December 31, 2018. See Note 20 of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K for additional detail regarding interest rate swaps.

As of December 31, 2019, investments, consisting of securities and interest-bearing deposits in other banks, are more heavily weighted toward fixed rate securities at 97% of the total compared to 3% for floating rate interest-bearing deposits in other banks, consistent with December 31, 2018. Fixed rate loans are most sensitive to the 3-5 year portion of the yield curve and the Company limits its loans with maturities that extend beyond 5 years. The majority of floating rate loans are indexed to the short-term LIBOR or Prime rates. The amount of floating rate loans with active interest rate floors was not meaningful as of December 31, 2019 or December 31, 2018. On the liability side of the balance sheet, 77% and 79% of deposits as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, are demand deposits or interest-bearing core deposits, which either do not pay interest or the interest rates are expected to rise at a slower pace than short-term interest rates.

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Analysis of Net Interest Income Sensitivity

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Immediate Change in Rates
	+300			+200			+100			-100
As of December 31, 2019
Dollar change	$	59,842		$	40,687		$	21,525		$	(32,217)
Percent change	10.3		%	7.0		%	3.7		%	(5.6)		%
As of December 31, 2018
Dollar change	$	86,602		$	57,888		$	28,573		$	(43,929)
Percent change	15.3		%	10.2		%	5.0		%	(7.8)		%

The sensitivity of estimated net interest income to an instantaneous parallel shift in interest rates is reflected as both dollar and percentage changes. This table illustrates that an instantaneous 100 basis point rise in interest rates as of December 31, 2019 would increase net interest income by $21.5 million, or 3.7%, over the next twelve months compared to no change in interest rates. This same measure was $28.6 million, or 5.0%, as of December 31, 2018.

Overall, interest rate risk volatility as of December 31, 2019 compared to December 31, 2018 was lower as a result of actions taken to reduce rate sensitivity, which include the purchase of securities and loans, as well as the mix of interest-earning assets acquired in the Bridgeview transaction.

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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

Management's Responsibility for Financial Statements

To Our Stockholders:

The accompanying consolidated financial statements of First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. (the "Company") were prepared by the Company's management, which is responsible for the integrity and objectivity of the data presented. In management's opinion, the financial statements, which necessarily include amounts based on management's estimates and judgments, have been prepared in conformity with United States ("U.S.") generally accepted accounting principles.

Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, has audited these consolidated financial statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) and has expressed its unqualified opinion on these financial statements.

The Audit Committee of the Board of Directors, which oversees the Company's financial reporting process on behalf of the Board of Directors, is composed entirely of independent directors (as defined by NASDAQ's listing standards). The Audit Committee meets periodically with management, the Company's independent accountants, and the Company's internal auditors to review matters relating to the Company's financial statements, compliance with legal and regulatory requirements relating to financial reporting and disclosure, annual financial statement audit, engagement of independent accountants, internal audit function, and system of internal controls. The internal auditors and the independent accountants periodically meet alone with the Audit Committee and have access to the Audit Committee at any time.

/s/ MICHAEL L. SCUDDER

/s/ PATRICK S. BARRETT

Michael L. Scudder

Patrick S. Barrett

Chairman of the Board and

Chief Executive Officer

Executive Vice President and

Chief Financial Officer

February 28, 2020

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Stockholders of First Midwest Bancorp, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial condition of First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. (the Company) as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in stockholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2019, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company at December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2019, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) and our report dated February 28, 2020 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matters

The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.


			Accounting for Acquisitions
Description of the Matter			As discussed in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company acquired Bridgeview Bancorp, Inc. (Bridgeview) on May 9, 2019 for total consideration of $135.4 million consisting of 4,728,541 shares of Company stock and $37.1 million in cash. The Company acquired $710.6 million of loans, net of fair value adjustments. Approximately $108.8 million of the acquired loans were classified as purchased credit impaired (PCI) loans. The Company used a discounted cash flow model involving significant unobservable inputs and assumptions to measure the fair value of the PCI loans. The significant assumptions utilized in the cash flow model included the probability of default (PD), loss given default (LGD), and discount rate.

			Auditing the Company's accounting for its acquisition of Bridgeview was complex due to the estimation uncertainty in determining the fair value of PCI loans, primarily due to the sensitivity of the fair value measurement to the significant underlying assumptions.

How we Addressed the Matter in Our Audit			We tested the design and operating effectiveness of the Company's controls over its accounting for acquisitions, including, among others, controls over the estimation process supporting the identification, recognition, and measurement of the PCI loans and management's judgments and evaluation of underlying assumptions used in the fair value measurement of the PCI loans.

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			To test the estimated fair value of the PCI loans, our audit procedures included, among others, evaluating the Company's selection of the valuation methodology, evaluating the significant assumptions used by the Company, and evaluating the completeness and accuracy of the underlying data supporting the discounted cash flow model and significant assumptions. For example, we performed sensitivity analyses to evaluate the changes in the fair value of the PCI loans that would result from changes in the significant assumptions. We also tested the PD and LGD assumptions by comparing to loss expectations for similar acquisitions completed by the Company. We involved our valuation specialists to assist with our evaluation of the methodology used by the Company and certain significant assumptions, including the discount rate, used in the fair value estimates.


			Allowance for Credit Losses
Description of the Matter			The Company's loan portfolio totaled $12.8 billion as of December 31, 2019, and the associated allowance for credit losses was $109 million. As discussed in Notes 1 and 7 to the consolidated financial statements, management's determination of the allowance for credit losses is subjective since it requires management judgment and estimation, including, but not limited to, the performance of the Company's loan portfolio, changes in interest rates and property values, amounts and timing of expected future cash flows on impaired loans, estimated losses on pools of homogeneous loans, consideration of current national and local economic trends, the interpretation of loan risk classifications by regulatory authorities, and various internal and external qualitative factors. Those qualitative factors which involve a higher degree of management judgment and estimation include, 1) the effect of any concentration of credit and changes in the level of concentrations, such as loan type or risk rating and 2) changes in the national and local economy that affect the collectability of various segments of the portfolio.

			Auditing management's estimate of the allowance for credit losses involved a high degree of subjectivity, in particular due to management judgment involved in evaluating these two qualitative factors. Management's identification and measurement of the qualitative factors is highly judgmental and could have a significant effect on the allowance for credit losses.

How we Addressed the Matter in Our Audit			We obtained an understanding of the Company's process for establishing the allowance for credit losses, including the qualitative factors used in estimating the allowance for credit losses. Our audit procedures over the qualitative factors included testing controls over management's process for assessing, challenging, and reviewing the qualitative factors and controls over the clerical accuracy of the application of these factors within the allowance for credit losses.

			We also performed audit procedures to test these qualitative factors, including, among others, agreeing the data used by management to supporting documentation, performing an independent search for relevant external market data to assess these qualitative factors, and performing an analysis of changes or lack of changes in these qualitative factors period over period, which considered the Company's historical loss experience, changes in the Company's loan portfolio, including loan type and risk ratings, and current economic conditions. We also considered the results of our other audit procedures to determine if they provided any corroborating or contrary evidence regarding these qualitative factors and performed an analysis of the Company's overall allowance for credit losses to those established by similar banking institutions with similar loan portfolios.

Adoption of New Accounting Standard

As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed its method of accounting for revenue in 2018.

We have served as the Company's auditor since 1996.

/s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP

Chicago, Illinois

February 28, 2020

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FIRST MIDWEST BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)


	As of December 31,
	2019		2018
Assets
Cash and due from banks	$	214,894	$	211,189
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks	84,327		78,069

Equity securities, at fair value	42,136		30,806
Securities available-for-sale, at fair value	2,873,386		2,272,009
Securities held-to-maturity, at amortized cost (fair value 2019 – $21,234; 2018 – $9,871)	21,997		10,176
Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") and Federal Reserve Bank ("FRB") stock, at cost	115,409		80,302
Loans	12,840,330		11,446,783
Allowance for loan losses	(108,022)		(102,219)
Net loans	12,732,308		11,344,564
Other real estate owned ("OREO")	8,750		12,821
Premises, furniture, and equipment, net	147,996		132,502
Investment in bank-owned life insurance ("BOLI")	296,351		296,733
Goodwill and other intangible assets	875,262		790,744
Accrued interest receivable and other assets	437,581		245,734
Total assets	$	17,850,397	$	15,505,649
Liabilities
Noninterest-bearing deposits	$	3,802,422	$	3,642,989
Interest-bearing deposits	9,448,856		8,441,123
Total deposits	13,251,278		12,084,112
Borrowed funds	1,658,758		906,079
Senior and subordinated debt	233,948		203,808
Accrued interest payable and other liabilities	335,620		256,652
Total liabilities	15,479,604		13,450,651
Stockholders' Equity
Common stock	1,204		1,157
Additional paid-in capital	1,211,274		1,114,580
Retained earnings	1,380,612		1,192,767
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax	(1,954)		(52,512)
Treasury stock, at cost	(220,343)		(200,994)
Total stockholders' equity	2,370,793		2,054,998
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	17,850,397	$	15,505,649


	December 31, 2019						December 31, 2018
	Preferred Shares		Common Shares		Preferred Shares		Common Shares
Par value	$	—	$	0.01	$	—	$	0.01
Shares authorized	1,000		250,000		1,000		250,000
Shares issued	—		120,415		—		115,672
Shares outstanding	—		109,972		—		106,375
Treasury shares	—		10,443		—		9,297

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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FIRST MIDWEST BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)


	Years Ended December 31,
	2019		2018		2017
Interest Income
Loans	$	617,632	$	523,229	$	463,331
Investment securities – taxable	66,292		49,409		35,569
Investment securities – tax-exempt	6,501		5,060		6,296
Other short-term investments	8,314		4,794		4,520
Total interest income	698,739		582,492		509,716
Interest Expense
Deposits	77,598		37,774		16,184
Borrowed funds	18,228		15,388		9,100
Senior and subordinated debt	14,431		12,708		12,428
Total interest expense	110,257		65,870		37,712
Net interest income	588,482		516,622		472,004
Provision for loan losses	44,027		47,854		31,290
Net interest income after provision for loan losses	544,455		468,768		440,714
Noninterest Income
Service charges on deposit accounts	49,424		48,715		48,368
Wealth management fees	48,337		43,512		41,321
Card-based fees	18,133		17,024		28,992
Capital market products income	13,931		7,721		8,171
Mortgage banking income	10,105		7,094		8,131
Merchant servicing fees	1,423		1,465		10,340
Other service charges, commissions, and fees	9,940		9,425		9,843
Net securities losses	—		—		(1,876)
Other income	11,586		9,636		9,859

Total noninterest income	162,879		144,592		163,149
Noninterest Expense
Salaries and wages	197,640		181,164		182,507
Retirement and other employee benefits	42,879		43,104		41,886
Net occupancy and equipment expense	56,334		53,434		49,751
Professional services	39,941		32,681		33,689
Technology and related costs	19,758		19,220		18,068
Advertising and promotions	11,561		9,248		8,694
Amortization of other intangible assets	10,481		7,444		7,865
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") premiums	8,353		10,584		8,987
Net OREO expense	2,436		1,162		4,683
Merchant card expense	—		—		8,377
Cardholder expense	—		—		7,323
Other expenses	28,995		28,236		23,956
Acquisition and integration related expenses	21,860		9,613		20,123
Delivering Excellence implementation costs	1,157		20,413		—

Total noninterest expense	441,395		416,303		415,909
Income before income tax expense	265,939		197,057		187,954
Income tax expense	66,201		39,187		89,567
Net income	$	199,738	$	157,870	$	98,387



Per Common Share Data
Basic earnings per common share ("EPS")	$	1.83	$	1.52	$	0.96
Diluted EPS	1.82		1.52		0.96
Weighted-average common shares outstanding	108,156		102,850		101,423
Weighted-average diluted common shares outstanding	108,584		102,854		101,443

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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FIRST MIDWEST BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Years Ended December 31,
	2019		2018		2017
Net Income	$	199,738	$	157,870	$	98,387
Securities Available-for-Sale
Unrealized holding gains (losses):
Before tax	61,818		(16,294)		12,641
Tax effect	(17,218)		4,342		(5,077)
Net of tax	44,600		(11,952)		7,564
Reclassification of net losses included in net income:
Before tax	—		—		(1,876)
Tax effect	—		—		771
Net of tax	—		—		(1,105)
Net unrealized holding gains (losses)	44,600		(11,952)		8,669
Derivative Instruments
Unrealized holding gains (losses):
Before tax	4,670		2,786		(4,333)
Tax effect	(1,301)		(789)		1,746
Net of tax	3,369		1,997		(2,587)
Unrecognized Net Pension Costs
Net unrealized holding gains (losses):
Before tax	3,624		(3,850)		2,988
Tax effect	(1,035)		1,018		(1,196)
Net of tax	2,589		(2,832)		1,792
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	50,558		(12,787)		7,874
Total comprehensive income	$	250,296	$	145,083	$	106,261


	Accumulated Unrealized Loss on Securities Available- for-Sale		Accumulated Unrealized Loss on Derivative Instruments		Unrecognized Net Pension Costs		Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net of Tax
Balance at December 31, 2016	$	(22,645)	$	(1,176)	$	(17,089)	$	(40,910)
Other comprehensive income	8,669		(2,587)		1,792		7,874
Balance at December 31, 2017	(13,976)		(3,763)		(15,297)		(33,036)
Adjustments to apply recent accounting pronouncements⁽¹⁾	(2,864)		(784)		(3,041)		(6,689)
Other comprehensive loss	(11,952)		1,997		(2,832)		(12,787)
Balance at December 31, 2018	(28,792)		(2,550)		(21,170)		(52,512)

Other comprehensive income	44,600		3,369		2,589		50,558
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	15,808	$	819	$	(18,581)	$	(1,954)

⁽¹⁾As a result of accounting guidance adopted in 2018, certain reclassifications were made from accumulated other comprehensive loss to retained earnings as of January 1, 2018. For further discussion of this guidance, see Note 2. "Recent Accounting Pronouncements."

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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FIRST MIDWEST BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)


	Common Shares Outstanding	Common Stock		Additional Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Treasury Stock		Total
Balance at December 31, 2016	81,325	$	913	$	498,937	$	1,016,674	$	(40,910)	$	(218,534)	$	1,257,080
Net income	—	—		—		98,387		—		—		98,387
Other comprehensive income	—	—		—		—		7,874		—		7,874
Common dividends declared ($0.39 per common share)	—	—		—		(40,071)		—		—		(40,071)
Acquisition, net of issuance costs	21,078	210		533,322		—		—		558		534,090
Common stock issued	9	—		240		—		—		—		240
Restricted stock activity	317	—		(11,855)		—		—		8,196		(3,659)
Treasury stock issued to benefit plans	(12)	—		3		—		—		(293)		(290)
Share-based compensation expense	—	—		11,223		—		—		—		11,223
Balance at December 31, 2017	102,717	1,123		1,031,870		1,074,990		(33,036)		(210,073)		1,864,874
Adjustment to apply recent accounting pronouncements⁽¹⁾	—	—		—		6,689		(6,689)		—		—
Net income	—	—		—		157,870		—		—		157,870
Other comprehensive loss	—	—		—		—		(12,787)		—		(12,787)
Common dividends declared ($0.45 per common share)	—	—		—		(46,782)		—		—		(46,782)
Acquisition, net of issuance costs	3,311	33		83,270		—		—		—		83,303
Common stock issued	39	1		293		—		—		667		961

Restricted stock activity	311	—		(12,983)		—		—		8,562		(4,421)
Treasury stock issued to benefit plans	(3)	—		68		—		—		(150)		(82)
Share-based compensation expense	—	—		12,062		—		—		—		12,062
Balance at December 31, 2018	106,375	1,157		1,114,580		1,192,767		(52,512)		(200,994)		2,054,998
Adjustment to apply recent accounting pronouncements⁽²⁾	—	—		—		47,257		—		—		47,257
Net income	—	—		—		199,738		—		—		199,738
Other comprehensive income	—	—		—				50,558				50,558
Common dividends declared ($0.54 per common share)	—	—		—		(59,150)		—		—		(59,150)
Acquisitions, net of issuance costs	4,879	47		97,350				—		4,099		101,496
Common stock issued	38	—		88		—		—		674		762
Repurchases of common stock	(1,687)	—		—		—		—		(33,928)		(33,928)
Restricted stock activity	381	—		(13,913)		—		—		10,083		(3,830)
Treasury stock issued to benefit plans	(14)	—		(14)		—		—		(277)		(291)
Share-based compensation expense	—	—		13,183		—		—		—		13,183
Balance at December 31, 2019	109,972	$	1,204	$	1,211,274	$	1,380,612	$	(1,954)	$	(220,343)	$	2,370,793

⁽²⁾As a result of accounting guidance adopted in 2019, the remaining deferred gain on a sale-leaseback transaction was recognized as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of January 1, 2019. For further discussion of this guidance, see Note 2, "Recent Accounting Pronouncements."

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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FIRST MIDWEST BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Years Ended December 31,
	2019		2018		2017
Operating Activities
Net income	$	199,738	$	157,870	$	98,387
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for loan losses	44,027		47,854		31,290
Depreciation of premises, furniture, and equipment	16,366		15,865		13,995
Net amortization of premium on securities	15,731		15,348		16,142
Net securities losses	—		—		1,876
Gains on sales of 1-4 family mortgages and corporate loans held-for-sale	(9,992)		(5,562)		(7,078)

Net losses (gains) on sales and valuation adjustments of OREO	373		(347)		585
Amortization of the FDIC indemnification asset	1,208		1,208		1,208
Net losses (gains) on sales and valuation adjustments of premises, furniture, and equipment	879		5,227		(125)
BOLI income	(8,394)		(5,835)		(5,946)
Net pension (income) cost	(489)		1,447		981
Share-based compensation expense	13,183		12,062		11,223
Tax benefit related to share-based compensation	364		258		349
Provision for deferred income tax expense (benefit)	10,944		26,309		(4,077)
Amortization of other intangible assets	10,481		7,444		7,865
Originations of mortgage loans held-for-sale	(499,318)		(224,303)		(254,030)
Proceeds from sales of mortgage loans held-for-sale	474,384		245,967		258,626
Net (increase) decrease in equity securities	(4,364)		964		—
Net increase in trading securities	—		—		(2,527)
Net (increase) decrease in accrued interest receivable and other assets	(146,968)		(44,246)		121,577
Net increase (decrease) in accrued interest payables and other liabilities	108,956		(4,346)		(56,055)
Net cash provided by operating activities	227,109		253,184		234,266
Investing Activities
Proceeds from maturities, repayments, and calls of securities available-for-sale	531,032		331,026		349,444
Proceeds from sales of securities available-for-sale	93,332		24,974		629,843
Purchases of securities available-for-sale	(916,564)		(735,701)		(733,440)
Proceeds from maturities, repayments, and calls of securities held-to-maturity	4,460		3,584		8,546
Purchases of securities held-to-maturity	(2,855)		—		(15)
Net purchases of FHLB stock	(33,626)		(10,040)		(7,330)

Net increase in loans	(719,676)		(770,039)		(457,501)
Proceeds from claims on BOLI, net of premiums paid	8,776		(49)		1,722
Proceeds from sales of OREO	10,645		16,953		19,326
Proceeds from sales of premises, furniture, and equipment	4,145		4,561		18,031
Purchases of premises, furniture, and equipment	(20,330)		(27,800)		(16,123)
Net cash (paid for) received from acquisitions	(13,532)		160,145		41,717
Net cash used in investing activities	(1,054,193)		(1,002,386)		(145,780)
Financing Activities
Net increase in deposit accounts	180,412		567,627		200,848
Net increase (decrease) in borrowed funds	750,933		172,977		(164,124)
Repurchases of common stock	(33,928)		—		—



Cash dividends paid	(56,540)		(44,293)		(37,129)
Restricted stock activity	(3,830)		(4,421)		(3,659)

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	837,047		691,890		(4,064)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	9,963		(57,312)		84,422
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	289,258		346,570		262,148
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year	$	299,221	$	289,258	$	346,570

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FIRST MIDWEST BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - (Continued)

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Years Ended December 31,
	2019		2018		2017
Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information:
Income taxes paid (refunded)	$	48,899	$	(1,108)	$	15,191
Interest paid to depositors and creditors	109,760		60,569		36,424
Dividends declared, but unpaid	15,283		12,674		10,185
Common stock issued for acquisitions, net of issuance costs	101,496		83,303		534,090
Non-cash transfers of loans to OREO	944		6,027		6,255
Non-cash transfers of loans to other assets	13,175		—		—
Non-cash transfers of loans held-for-investment to loans held-for-sale	9,472		15,060		48,999
Non-cash transfer of trading securities and securities available-for-sale to equity securities	—		27,855		—
Non-cash recognition of right-of-use asset	143,561		—		—
Non-cash recognition of lease liability	143,561		—		—

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Nature of Operations – First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. (the "Company") is a bank holding company that was incorporated in Delaware in 1982 and began operations on March 31, 1983. The Company is headquartered in Chicago, Illinois with operations throughout metropolitan Chicago, southeast Wisconsin, northwest Indiana, central and western Illinois, and eastern Iowa. The Company operates three wholly-owned subsidiaries: First Midwest Bank (the "Bank"), Northern Oak Wealth Management, Inc. ("Northern Oak"), and Premier Asset Management LLC ("Premier"). The Bank conducts the majority of the Company's operations and Northern Oak and Premier are registered investment advisers providing advisory services to certain of the Company's wealth management clients.

The Company is engaged in commercial and consumer banking and offers a full range of commercial, treasury management, equipment leasing, consumer, wealth management, trust, and private banking products and services.

Basis of Presentation – The accounting and reporting policies of the Company and its subsidiaries conform to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") and general practices within the banking industry. Certain reclassifications were made to prior year amounts to conform to the current year presentation.

Use of Estimates – The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Although these estimates and assumptions are based on the best available information, actual results could differ from those estimates.

Principles of Consolidation – The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the financial position and results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries after elimination of all significant intercompany accounts and transactions. Assets held in a fiduciary or agency capacity are not assets of the Company or its subsidiaries and are not included in the consolidated financial statements.

Segment Disclosures – The Company has one reportable segment. The Company's chief operating decision maker evaluates the operations of the Company using consolidated information for purposes of allocating resources and assessing performance. Therefore, segment disclosures are not required.

The following is a summary of the Company's significant accounting policies.

Business Combinations – Business combinations are accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting. Assets acquired and liabilities assumed are recorded at their estimated fair values as of the date of acquisition, with any excess of the purchase price of the acquisition over the fair value of the identifiable net tangible and intangible assets acquired recorded as goodwill. Alternatively, a gain is recorded if the fair value of assets purchased exceeds the fair value of liabilities assumed and consideration paid. The results of operations of the acquired business are included in the Consolidated Statements of Income from the effective date of the acquisition.

Cash and Cash Equivalents – For purposes of the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, management defines cash and cash equivalents to include cash and due from banks, interest-bearing deposits in other banks, and other short-term investments, if any, such as federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell.

Securities – Securities are classified as held-to-maturity, equity, or available-for-sale at the time of purchase.

Securities Held-to-Maturity – Securities classified as held-to-maturity are securities for which management has the intent and ability to hold to maturity. These securities are stated at cost and adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts over the estimated lives of the securities using the effective interest method.

Equity Securities – The Company's equity securities consist primarily of community development investments and certain diversified investment securities held in a grantor trust for participants in the Company's nonqualified deferred compensation plan that are invested in money market and mutual funds. These securities are carried at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income.

Securities Available-for-Sale – All other securities are classified as available-for-sale. Securities available-for-sale are carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses, net of related deferred income taxes, recorded in stockholders' equity as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive loss.

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The historical cost of debt securities is adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts over the estimated life of the security using the effective interest method. Amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts are included in interest income.

Purchases and sales of securities are recognized on a trade date basis. Realized securities gains or losses are reported in net securities losses in the Consolidated Statements of Income. The cost of securities sold is based on the specific identification method. On a quarterly basis, the Company individually assesses securities with unrealized losses to determine whether there were any events or circumstances indicating that an other-than-temporary impairment ("OTTI") has occurred. In evaluating OTTI, the Company considers many factors, including (i) the severity and duration of the impairment, (ii) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, including external credit ratings and recent downgrades for debt securities, (iii) its intent to hold the security until its value recovers, and (iv) the likelihood that it will be required to sell the security before a recovery in value, which may be at maturity. If management intends to sell the security or believes it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security prior to full recovery, an OTTI charge will be recognized through income as a realized loss and included in net securities losses in the Consolidated Statements of Income. If management does not expect to sell the security or believes it is not more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security prior to full recovery, the OTTI is separated into the amount related to credit deterioration, which is recognized through income as a realized loss, and the amount resulting from other factors, which is recognized in other comprehensive income.

FHLB and FRB Stock – The Company, as a member of the FHLB and FRB, is required to maintain an investment in the capital stock of the FHLB and FRB. No ready market exists for these stocks, and they have no quoted market values. The stock is redeemable at par by the FHLB and FRB and is, therefore, carried at cost and periodically evaluated for impairment.

Loans – Loans held-for-investment are loans that the Company intends to hold until they are paid in full and are carried at the principal amount outstanding, including certain net deferred loan origination fees. Loan origination fees, commitment fees, and certain direct loan origination costs are deferred, and the net amount is amortized as a yield adjustment over the contractual life of the related loans or commitments and included in interest income. Fees related to letters of credit are amortized into fee income over the contractual life of the commitment. Other credit-related fees are recognized as fee income when earned. The Company's net investment in direct financing leases is included in loans and consists of future minimum lease payments and estimated residual values, net of unearned income. Interest income on loans is accrued based on principal amounts outstanding. Loans held-for-sale are carried at the lower of aggregate cost or fair value and included in other assets in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

Acquired and Covered Loans – Covered loans consist of loans acquired by the Company in Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC")-assisted transactions, which are covered by loss share agreements with the FDIC (the "FDIC Agreements"), under which the FDIC reimburses the Company for the majority of the losses and eligible expenses related to these assets during the coverage period. Acquired loans consist of all other loans that were acquired in business combinations that are not covered by the FDIC Agreements. Certain loans that were previously classified as covered loans are no longer covered under the FDIC Agreements, and are included in acquired loans. Covered loans and acquired loans are included within loans held-for-investment.

Acquired and covered loans are separated into (i) non-purchased credit impaired ("non-PCI") and (ii) purchased credit impaired ("PCI") loans. Non-PCI loans include loans that did not have evidence of credit deterioration since origination at the acquisition date. PCI loans include loans that had evidence of credit deterioration since origination and for which it was probable at acquisition that the Company would not collect all contractually required principal and interest payments. Evidence of credit deterioration was evaluated using various indicators, such as past due and non-accrual status. Leases and revolving loans do not qualify to be accounted for as PCI loans and are accounted for as non-PCI loans.

The acquisition adjustment related to non-PCI loans is amortized into interest income over the contractual life of the related loans. If an acquired non-PCI loan is renewed subsequent to the acquisition date, any remaining acquisition adjustment is accreted into interest income and the loan is considered a new loan that is no longer classified as an acquired loan.

PCI loans are accounted for based on estimates of expected future cash flows. To estimate the fair value, the Company generally aggregates purchased consumer loans and commercial loans into pools of loans with common risk characteristics, such as delinquency status, credit score, and internal risk ratings. The fair values of larger balance commercial loans are estimated on an individual basis. The Company use a discounted cash flow analysis involving significant unobservable inputs and assumptions to measure the fair value of PCI loans. The significant assumptions utilized in the cash flow analysis include the probability of default ("PD"), loss given default ("LGD"), and discount rate. Expected future cash flows in excess of the fair value of loans at the purchase date ("accretable yield") are recorded as interest income over the life of the loans if the timing and amount of the expected future cash flows can be reasonably estimated. The non-accretable yield represents the difference between contractually required payments and the expected future cash flows determined at acquisition. Subsequent increases in expected future cash flows are offset against the allowance for credit losses to the extent an allowance has been established or

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otherwise recognized as interest income prospectively. The present value of any decreases in expected future cash flows is recognized by recording a charge-off through the allowance for loan losses or providing an allowance for loan losses.

90-Days Past Due Loans – The Company's accrual of interest on loans is generally discontinued at the time the loan is 90 days past due unless the credit is sufficiently collateralized and in the process of renewal or collection.

Non-accrual Loans – Generally, corporate loans are placed on non-accrual status (i) when either principal or interest payments become 90 days or more past due unless the credit is sufficiently collateralized and in the process of renewal or collection, or (ii) when an individual analysis of a borrower's creditworthiness warrants a downgrade to non-accrual regardless of past due status. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, unpaid interest credited to income in the current year is reversed, and unpaid interest accrued in prior years is charged against the allowance for loan losses. After the loan is placed on non-accrual status, all debt service payments are applied to the principal on the loan. Future interest income may only be recorded on a cash basis after recovery of principal is reasonably assured. Non-accrual loans are returned to accrual status when the financial position of the borrower and other relevant factors indicate that the Company will collect all principal and interest.

Commercial loans and loans secured by real estate are charged-off when deemed uncollectible. A loss is recorded if the net realizable value of the underlying collateral is less than the outstanding principal and interest. Consumer loans that are not secured by real estate are subject to mandatory charge-off at a specified delinquency date and are usually not classified as non-accrual prior to being charged-off. Closed-end consumer loans, which include installment, consumer secured, and single payment loans, are usually charged-off no later than the end of the month in which the loan becomes 120 days past due.

PCI loans are generally considered accruing loans unless reasonable estimates of the timing and amount of expected future cash flows cannot be determined. Loans without reasonable future cash flow estimates are classified as non-accrual loans, and interest income is not recognized on those loans until the timing and amount of the expected future cash flows can be reasonably determined.

Troubled Debt Restructurings ("TDRs") – A restructuring is considered a TDR when (i) the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties, and (ii) the creditor grants a concession, such as forgiveness of principal, reduction of the interest rate, changes in payments, or extension of the maturity date. Loans are not classified as TDRs when the modification is short-term or results in an insignificant delay in payments. The Company's TDRs are determined on a case-by-case basis.

The Company does not accrue interest on a TDR unless it believes collection of all principal and interest under the modified terms is reasonably assured. For a TDR to begin accruing interest, the borrower must demonstrate some level of past performance and the future capacity to perform under the modified terms. Generally, six months of consecutive payment performance under the restructured terms is required before a TDR is returned to accrual status. However, the period could vary depending on the individual facts and circumstances of the loan. An evaluation of the borrower's current creditworthiness is used to assess the borrower's capacity to repay the loan under the modified terms. This evaluation includes an estimate of expected future cash flows, evidence of strong financial position, and estimates of the value of collateral, if applicable. For TDRs to be removed from TDR status in the calendar year after the restructuring, the loans must (i) have an interest rate and terms that reflect market conditions at the time of restructuring, and (ii) be in compliance with the modified terms. If the loan was restructured at below market rates and terms, it continues to be separately reported as a TDR until it is paid in full or charged-off.

Impaired Loans – Impaired loans consist of corporate non-accrual loans and TDRs. A loan is considered impaired when it is probable that the Company will not collect all contractual principal and interest. With the exception of accruing TDRs, impaired loans are classified as non-accrual and are exclusive of smaller homogeneous loans, such as home equity, 1-4 family mortgages, and installment loans. Impaired loans with balances under a specified threshold are not individually evaluated for impairment. For all other impaired loans, impairment is measured by comparing the estimated value of the loan to the recorded book value. The value of collateral-dependent loans is based on the fair value of the underlying collateral, less costs to sell. The value of other loans is measured using the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's initial effective interest rate.

Allowance for Credit Losses – The allowance for credit losses is comprised of the allowance for loan losses and the reserve for unfunded commitments, and is maintained by management at a level believed adequate to absorb estimated losses inherent in the existing loan portfolio. Determination of the allowance for credit losses is subjective since it requires significant estimates and management judgment, including the amounts and timing of expected future cash flows on impaired loans, estimated losses on pools of homogeneous loans, consideration of current economic trends, and other factors.

Loans deemed to be uncollectible are charged-off against the allowance for loan losses, while recoveries of amounts previously charged-off are credited to the allowance for loan losses. Additions to the allowance for loan losses are charged to expense through the provision for loan losses. The amount of provision depends on a number of factors, including net charge-off levels,

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loan growth, changes in the composition of the loan portfolio, and the Company's assessment of the allowance for loan losses based on the methodology discussed below.

Allowance for Loan Losses – The allowance for loan losses consists of (i) specific reserves for individual loans where the recorded investment exceeds the value, (ii) an allowance based on a loss migration analysis that uses historical credit loss experience for each loan category, and (iii) an allowance based on other internal and external qualitative factors.

The specific reserves component of the allowance for loan losses is based on a periodic analysis of impaired loans exceeding a fixed dollar amount. If the value of an impaired loan is less than the recorded book value, the Company either establishes a valuation allowance (i.e., a specific reserve) equal to the excess of the book value over the collateral value of the loan as a component of the allowance for loan losses or charges off the amount if it is a confirmed loss.

The general reserve component is based on a loss migration analysis, which examines actual loss experience by loan category for a rolling 8-quarter period and the related internal risk rating for corporate loans. The loss migration analysis is updated quarterly primarily using actual loss experience. This component is then adjusted based on management's consideration of many internal and external qualitative factors, including:

•Changes in the composition of the loan portfolio, trends in the volume of loans, and trends in delinquent and non-accrual loans that could indicate that historical trends do not reflect current conditions.

•Changes in credit policies and procedures, such as underwriting standards and collection, charge-off, and recovery practices.

•Changes in the experience, ability, and depth of credit management and other relevant staff.

•Changes in the quality of the Company's loan review system and Board of Directors oversight.

•The effect of any concentration of credit and changes in the level of concentrations, such as loan type or risk rating.

•Changes in the value of the underlying collateral for collateral-dependent loans.

•Changes in the national and local economy that affect the collectability of various segments of the portfolio.

•The effect of other external factors, such as competition and legal and regulatory requirements, on the Company's loan portfolio.

The allowance for loan losses also consists of an allowance on acquired and covered non-PCI and PCI loans. No allowance for loan losses is recorded on acquired loans at the acquisition date. Subsequent to the acquisition date, an allowance for credit losses is established as necessary to reflect credit deterioration. The acquired non-PCI allowance is based on management's evaluation of the acquired non-PCI loan portfolio giving consideration to the current portfolio balance, including the remaining acquisition adjustments, maturity dates, and overall credit quality. The allowance for covered non-PCI loans is calculated in the same manner as the general reserve component based on a loss migration analysis as discussed above. The acquired and covered PCI allowance reflects the difference between the carrying value and the discounted expected future cash flows of the acquired and covered PCI loans. On a periodic basis, the adequacy of this allowance is determined through a re-estimation of expected future cash flows on all of the outstanding acquired and covered PCI loans using either a PD/LGD methodology or a specific review methodology. The PD/LGD model is a loss model that estimates expected future cash flows using a probability of default curve and loss given default estimates. Acquired non-PCI loans that have renewed subsequent to the respective acquisition dates are no longer classified as acquired loans. Instead, they are included in the general loan population and allocated an allowance based on a loss migration analysis.

Reserve for Unfunded Commitments – The Company also maintains a reserve for unfunded commitments, including letters of credit, for the risk of loss inherent in these arrangements. The reserve for unfunded commitments is estimated using the loss migration analysis from the allowance for loan losses, adjusted for probabilities of future funding requirements. The reserve for unfunded commitments is included in other liabilities in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

The establishment of the allowance for credit losses involves a high degree of judgment and estimation given the difficulty of assessing the factors impacting loan repayment and estimating the timing and amount of losses. While management utilizes its best judgment and information available, the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses depends on a variety of factors beyond the Company's control, including the performance of its loan portfolio, current national and local economic trends, changes in interest rates and property values, the amounts and timing of expected future cash flows on impaired loans, estimated losses on pools of homogeneous loans, the interpretation of loan risk classifications by regulatory authorities, and various internal and external qualitative factors.

OREO – OREO consists of properties acquired through foreclosure in partial or total satisfaction of defaulted loans. At initial transfer into OREO, properties are recorded at fair value, less estimated selling costs. Subsequently, OREO is carried at the lower of the cost basis or fair value, less estimated selling costs. OREO write-downs occurring at the transfer date are charged against the allowance for loan losses, establishing a new cost basis. Subsequent to the initial transfer, the carrying values of OREO may be adjusted through a valuation allowance to reflect reductions in value resulting from new appraisals, new list

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prices, changes in market conditions, or changes in disposition strategies. Increases in value can be recognized through a reduction in the valuation allowance, but may not exceed the established cost basis. These valuation adjustments, along with expenses related to maintenance of the properties, are included in net OREO expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

FDIC Indemnification Asset – The majority of loans and OREO acquired through FDIC-assisted transactions are covered by the FDIC Agreements, under which the FDIC reimburses the Company for the majority of the losses and eligible expenses related to these assets during the coverage period. The FDIC indemnification asset represents the present value of expected future reimbursements from the FDIC. Since the indemnified items are covered loans and covered OREO, which are initially measured at fair value, the FDIC indemnification asset is also initially measured at fair value by discounting the expected future cash flows to be received from the FDIC. These expected future cash flows are estimated by multiplying estimated losses on covered PCI loans and covered OREO by the reimbursement rates in the FDIC Agreements.

The balance of the FDIC indemnification asset is adjusted periodically to reflect changes in expected future cash flows. Decreases in estimated reimbursements from the FDIC are recorded prospectively through amortization and increases in estimated reimbursements from the FDIC are recognized by an increase in the carrying value of the indemnification asset. Payments from the FDIC for reimbursement of losses result in a reduction of the FDIC indemnification asset.

Depreciable Assets – Premises, furniture, and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation expense is determined by the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Useful lives range from 3 to 10 years for furniture and equipment and 25 to 40 years for premises. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the life of the asset or the lease term. Gains on dispositions are included in other noninterest income and losses on dispositions are included in other noninterest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Maintenance and repairs are charged to operating expenses as incurred, while improvements that extend the useful life of assets are capitalized and depreciated over the estimated remaining life. Certain assets, such as buildings and land, that the Company intends to sell and meet held-for-sale criteria are transferred into the held-for-sale category at the lower of their fair value, as determined by a current appraisal, or their recorded investment.

Long-lived depreciable assets are evaluated periodically for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount may not be recoverable. Impairment exists when the undiscounted expected future cash flows of a long-lived asset are less than its carrying value. In that event, the Company recognizes a loss for the difference between the carrying amount and the estimated fair value of the asset based on a quoted market price, if applicable, or a discounted cash flow analysis. Impairment losses are recorded in other noninterest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

BOLI – BOLI represents life insurance policies on the lives of certain Company directors and officers for which the Company is the sole owner and beneficiary. These policies are recorded as an asset in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at their cash surrender value ("CSV") or the current amount that could be realized if settled. The change in CSV and insurance proceeds received are included as a component of noninterest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets – Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price of the acquisition over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired using the acquisition method of accounting. Goodwill is not amortized. Instead, impairment testing is conducted annually as of October 1 or more often if events or circumstances between annual tests indicate that there may be impairment.

Impairment testing is performed using either a qualitative or quantitative approach at the reporting unit level. All of the Company's goodwill is allocated to First Midwest Bancorp, Inc., which is the Company's only applicable reporting unit for purposes of testing goodwill for impairment. Impairment testing performed using a qualitative approach assesses recent events and circumstances to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. Qualitative factors include, but are not limited to, macroeconomic conditions, industry- and market- specific conditions and trends, the Company's financial performance, market capitalization, stock price, and Company-specific events relevant to the assessment. If the assessment of qualitative factors indicates that it is not more-likely-than-not that an impairment exists, no further testing is performed; otherwise, the Company would proceed with a quantitative two-step goodwill impairment test. In the first step, the Company compares its estimate of the fair value of the reporting unit, which is based on a discounted cash flow analysis, with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill of the reporting unit is not impaired and the second step is not required. If necessary, the second step compares the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined by assigning the value of the reporting unit to all of the assets and liabilities of that unit, including any other identifiable intangible assets. An impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of the reporting unit goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of goodwill.

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combination with a related contract, asset, or liability. Identified intangible assets that have a finite useful life are amortized over that life in a manner that reflects the estimated decline in the economic value of the identified intangible asset. All of the Company's other intangible assets have finite lives and are amortized over varying periods not exceeding 10 years. Intangible assets are reviewed for impairment annually or more frequently when events or circumstances indicate that its carrying amount may not be recoverable.

Wealth Management – Assets held in a fiduciary or agency capacity for customers are not included in the consolidated financial statements as they are not assets of the Company or its subsidiaries. Fee income is recognized on an accrual basis and is included as a component of noninterest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Derivative Financial Instruments – To provide derivative products to customers and in the ordinary course of business, the Company enters into derivative transactions as part of its overall interest rate risk management strategy to minimize significant unplanned fluctuations in earnings and expected future cash flows caused by interest rate volatility. All derivative instruments are recorded at fair value as either other assets or other liabilities in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Subsequent changes in a derivative's fair value are recognized in earnings unless specific hedge accounting criteria are met.

On the date the Company enters into a derivative contract, the derivative is designated as a fair value hedge, a cash flow hedge, or a non-hedge derivative instrument. Fair value hedges are designed to mitigate exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset or liability attributable to a particular risk, such as interest rate risk. Cash flow hedges are designed to mitigate exposure to variability in expected future cash flows to be received or paid related to an asset, liability, or other type of forecasted transaction. The Company formally documents all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items, including its risk management objective and strategy at inception.

At the hedge's inception and quarterly thereafter, a formal assessment is performed to determine the effectiveness of the derivative in offsetting changes in the fair values or expected future cash flows of the hedged items in the current period and prospectively. If a derivative instrument designated as a hedge is terminated or ceases to be highly effective, hedge accounting is discontinued prospectively, and the gain or loss is amortized into earnings. For fair value hedges, the gain or loss is amortized over the remaining life of the hedged asset or liability. For cash flow hedges, the gain or loss is amortized over the same period that the forecasted hedged transactions impact earnings. If the hedged item is disposed of, any fair value adjustments are included in the gain or loss from the disposition of the hedged item. If the forecasted transaction is no longer probable, the gain or loss is included in earnings immediately.

For fair value hedges, changes in the fair value of the derivative instruments, as well as changes in the fair value of the hedged item, are recognized in earnings. For cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the change in fair value of the derivative instrument is reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss and is reclassified to earnings when the hedged transaction is reflected in earnings.

Ineffectiveness is calculated based on the change in fair value of the hedged item compared with the change in fair value of the hedging instrument. For all types of hedges, any ineffectiveness in the hedging relationship is recognized in earnings during the period the ineffectiveness occurs.

Comprehensive Income – Comprehensive income is the total of reported net income and other comprehensive income (loss) that includes all other revenues, expenses, gains, and losses that are not reported in net income under GAAP. The Company includes the following items, net of tax, in other comprehensive income (loss) in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income: (i) changes in unrealized gains or losses on securities available-for-sale, (ii) changes in the fair value of derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, and (iii) changes in unrecognized net pension costs related to the Company's pension plan.

Treasury Stock – Treasury stock acquired is recorded at cost and is carried as a reduction of stockholders' equity in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Treasury stock issued is valued based on the "last in, first out" inventory method. The difference between the consideration received on issuance and the carrying value is charged or credited to additional paid-in capital.

Share-Based Compensation – The Company recognizes share-based compensation expense based on the estimated fair value of the award at the grant or modification date over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for such award. Share-based compensation expense is included in salaries and wages in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Income Taxes – The Company files U.S. federal income tax returns and state income tax returns in various states. The provision for income taxes is based on income in the consolidated financial statements, rather than amounts reported on the Company's income tax return.

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Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates that are expected to apply to taxable income in years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. A valuation allowance is established for any deferred tax asset for which recovery or settlement is not more-likely-than-not. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized as income or expense in the period that includes the enactment date.

Earnings per Common Share – EPS is computed using the two-class method. Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income applicable to common shares by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the applicable period, excluding outstanding participating securities. Participating securities include non-vested restricted stock awards and restricted stock units, which contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents. Diluted earnings per common share is computed using the weighted-average number of shares determined for the basic earnings per common share computation, plus the dilutive effect of stock compensation using the treasury stock method.

2. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Leases: In February of 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-02 to increase transparency and comparability across entities for leasing arrangements. This guidance requires lessees to recognize assets and liabilities for most leases. For lessors, this guidance modifies the lease classification criteria and the accounting for sales-type and direct financing leases. In addition, this guidance clarifies criteria for the determination of whether a contract is or contains a lease. This guidance is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018.

The Company adopted this guidance on January 1, 2019, which resulted in the recognition of $143.6 million of right-of-use assets and additional associated lease liabilities for its operating leases. The amount of right-of-use assets and associated lease liabilities recorded upon adoption was based on the present value of future minimum lease payments, the amount of which depended on the population of leases in effect at the date of adoption. This guidance also applies to the Company's net investment in direct financing leases, which is included in loans, but did not have a material impact.

The Company has elected certain practical expedients contained in this guidance, which, among other provisions, allowed the Company to not reassess the historical lease classification, initial direct costs, or existing contracts for the inclusion of leases. The Company has also elected the practical expedients for the use of hindsight in determining the lease term and the right-of-use assets, as well as an election not to apply the recognition requirements of the guidance to leases with terms of 12 months or less. The application of the hindsight practical expedient resulted in the determination that most renewal options would not be reasonably certain in determining the expected lease term.

The Bank entered into a sale-leaseback transaction in 2016 that resulted in a deferred gain. Upon adoption of this guidance, the remaining deferred gain of $47.3 million after-tax was recognized immediately as a cumulative-effect adjustment to equity. For additional discussion of the sale-leaseback transaction, see Note 9, "Lease Obligations." The adoption of this guidance was applied retrospectively at the beginning of the period of adoption through a cumulative-effect adjustment and did not materially impact the Company's results of operations or liquidity but did result in a material increase in assets, liabilities, and equity.

Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities: In March of 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-08 that shortens the amortization period for the premium on certain purchased callable debt securities to the earliest call date. This guidance is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The adoption of this guidance on January 1, 2019 did not materially impact the Company's financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity.

Improvements to Nonemployee Share-based Payment Accounting: In June of 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07 that aligns the measurement and classification guidance for share-based payments to nonemployees with the guidance for share-based payments to employees. This guidance is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The adoption of this guidance on January 1, 2019 did not materially impact the Company's financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity.

Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract: In August of 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15 to reduce diversity in practice by clarifying when implementation costs are required to be capitalized in a cloud computing arrangement that is a service contract. This guidance is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The early adoption of this guidance on January 1, 2019 did not materially impact the Company's financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity.

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Derivatives and Hedging, Inclusion of the Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") Overnight Index Swap Rate as a Benchmark Interest Rate for Hedge Accounting Purposes: In October of 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-16 adding the overnight index swap rate based on the SOFR to the list of United States benchmark interest rates eligible for hedge accounting purposes. This guidance is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The adoption of this guidance on January 1, 2019 did not materially impact the Company's financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity.

Accounting Pronouncements Pending Adoption

Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments: In June of 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13 that will require entities to present financial assets measured at amortized cost at the net amount expected to be collected, considering an entity's current estimate of all expected credit losses. In addition, credit losses relating to available-for-sale debt securities will be required to be recorded through an allowance for credit losses, with changes in credit loss estimates recognized through current earnings. This guidance is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted, but not for periods beginning before December 15, 2018. The Company will adopt this guidance on January 1, 2020. Management is continuing its implementation efforts, which are led by a cross-functional working group. Management is in the process of determining the impact on the Company's financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, and regulatory capital ratios, but expects that the adoption of this guidance will result in an increase in the allowance for credit losses. The extent of the increase will depend on the composition of the loan portfolio, as well as the economic conditions and forecasts as of the adoption date. Management has completed its development of the forecasting model for all portfolio segments, which includes the establishment of economic factors, a one-year forecast period, and a one-year reversion to the historical average after the forecast period. Management will continue to evaluate and refine the overall process as well as its internal controls through the first quarter of 2020.

Accounting for Goodwill Impairment: In January of 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04 that simplifies the accounting for goodwill impairment for all entities. The new guidance eliminates the requirement to calculate the implied fair value of goodwill using the second step of the quantitative two-step goodwill impairment model prescribed under current accounting guidance. Under the new guidance, if a reporting unit's carrying amount exceeds its fair value, an entity will record an impairment charge based on that difference. This guidance is effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment testing dates beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted for annual and interim goodwill impairment testing dates after January 1, 2017. Management does not expect the adoption of this guidance will materially impact the Company's financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity.

Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement: In August of 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13 that eliminates, modifies, and adds to certain fair value measurement disclosure requirements associated with the three-tiered fair value hierarchy. This guidance is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. Management does not expect the adoption of this guidance will materially impact the Company's financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity.

Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans: In August of 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14 that makes minor changes and clarifications to the disclosure requirements for entities that sponsor defined benefit plans. This guidance is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted. Management does not expect the adoption of this guidance will materially impact the Company's financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity.

Income Taxes: In December of 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12 that removes certain exceptions to the general principles of accounting for income taxes. This guidance is effective for fiscal year, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted. Management does not expect the adoption of this guidance will materially impact the Company's financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity.

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3. ACQUISITIONS

Pending

Park Bank

On August 27, 2019, the Company entered into a merger agreement to acquire Bankmanagers Corp. ("Bankmanagers"), the holding company for Park Bank, based in Milwaukee Wisconsin. As of September 30, 2019, Bankmanagers had approximately $1.0 billion of assets, $875 million of deposits, and $700 million of loans. The merger agreement provides for a fixed exchange ratio of 29.9675 shares of Company common stock, plus $623.02 of cash, for each share of Bankmanagers common stock, subject to certain adjustments. As of the date of announcement, the overall transaction was valued at approximately $195 million. The transaction is subject to customary regulatory approvals and the completion of various closing conditions.

Completed Acquisitions

Bridgeview Bancorp, Inc.

On May 9, 2019, the Company completed its acquisition of Bridgeview Bancorp, Inc. ("Bridgeview"), the holding company for Bridgeview Bank Group. At closing, the Company acquired $1.2 billion of assets, $1.0 billion of deposits, and $710.6 million of loans, net of fair value adjustments. Under the terms of the merger agreement, on May 9, 2019, each outstanding share of Bridgeview common stock was exchanged for 0.2767 shares of Company common stock, plus $1.66 of cash. In addition, each outstanding Bridgeview stock option was exchanged for the right to receive cash. This resulted in merger consideration of $135.4 million, which consisted of 4.7 million shares of Company common stock and $37.1 million of cash. Goodwill of $59.1 million associated with the acquisition was recorded by the Company. All Bridgeview operating systems were converted to the Company's operating platform during the second quarter of 2019. The fair value adjustments, including goodwill, associated with this transaction remain preliminary and may change as the Company continues to finalize the fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired.

Northern Oak Wealth Management, Inc.

On January 16, 2019, the Company completed its acquisition of Northern Oak Wealth Management, Inc., a registered investment adviser based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin with approximately $800 million of assets under management at closing. The fair value adjustments, including goodwill, associated with this transaction remain preliminary and may change as the Company continues to finalize the fair value of the assets and liabilities acquired.

Northern States Financial Corporation

On October 12, 2018, the Company completed its acquisition of Northern States Financial Corporation, ("Northern States"), the holding company for NorStates Bank, based in Waukegan, Illinois. At closing, the Company acquired $579.3 million of assets, $463.2 million of deposits, and $284.9 million of loans. Under the terms of the merger agreement, on October 12, 2018, each outstanding share of Northern States common stock was exchanged for 0.0363 shares of Company common stock. This resulted in merger consideration of $83.3 million, which consisted of 3.3 million shares of Company common stock. Goodwill of $30.0 million associated with the acquisition was recorded by the Company. All Northern States operating systems were converted to the Company's operating platform during the fourth quarter of 2018.

During the third quarter of 2019, the Company finalized the fair value adjustments associated with the Northern States transaction, which required a measurement period adjustment to goodwill. This adjustment was recognized in the current period in accordance with accounting guidance applicable to business combinations.

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The following table presents the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, net of the fair value adjustments, in the Bridgeview and Northern States transactions as of the acquisition date. The assets acquired and liabilities assumed, both intangible and tangible, were recorded at their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date and have been accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting.

Acquisition Activity

(Dollar amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)


	Bridgeview		Northern States
	May 9, 2019		October 12, 2018
Assets
Cash and due from banks and interest-bearing deposits in other banks	$	35,097	160,145
Equity securities	6,966		3,915
Securities available-for-sale	263,090		47,149
Securities held-to-maturity	13,426		—
FHLB and FRB stock	1,481		554
Loans	710,647		284,940
OREO	6,003		2,549
Investment in BOLI	—		11,104
Goodwill	59,142		30,016
Other intangible assets	15,603		12,230
Premises, furniture, and equipment	17,681		5,820
Accrued interest receivable and other assets	35,997		20,911
Total assets	$	1,165,133	$	579,333
Liabilities
Noninterest-bearing deposits	$	179,267	$	346,714
Interest-bearing deposits	807,487		116,446
Total deposits	986,754		463,160
Borrowed funds	1,746		18,218
Senior and subordinated debt	29,360		8,038

Accrued interest payable and other liabilities	11,921		6,614
Total liabilities	1,029,781		496,030
Consideration Paid
Common stock (2019 - 4,728,541, shares issued at $28.61 per share, 2018 - 3,310,912 share issued at $25.16 per share), net of issuance costs	98,212		83,303
Cash paid	37,140		—
Total consideration paid	135,352		83,303
	$	1,165,133	$	579,333

Expenses related to the acquisition and integration of completed and pending transactions totaled $21.9 million, $9.6 million and $20.1 million during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and are reported as a separate component within noninterest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

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4. SECURITIES

A summary of the Company's securities portfolio by category and maturity is presented in the following tables.

Securities Portfolio

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31,
	2019														2018
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized						Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized					Fair Value
					Gains		Losses										Gains		Losses
Securities Available-for-Sale
U.S. treasury securities	$	33,939	$	137	$	(1)	$	34,075	$	37,925	$	17	$	(175)	$	37,767
U.S. agency securities	249,502		758		(1,836)		248,424		144,125		45		(1,607)		142,563
Collateralized mortgage obligations ("CMOs")	1,547,805		14,893		(5,027)		1,557,671		1,336,531		3,362		(24,684)		1,315,209
Other mortgage-backed securities ("MBSs")	678,804		7,728		(1,848)		684,684		477,665		520		(11,251)		466,934
Municipal securities	228,632		5,898		(99)		234,431		229,600		461		(2,874)		227,187

Corporate debt securities	112,797		1,791		(487)		114,101		86,074		—		(3,725)		82,349

Total securities available-for-sale	$	2,851,479	$	31,205	$	(9,298)	$	2,873,386	$	2,311,920	$	4,405	$	(44,316)	$	2,272,009
Securities Held-to-Maturity
Municipal securities	$	21,997	$	—	$	(763)	$	21,234	$	10,176	$	—	$	(305)	$	9,871
Equity Securities							$	42,136							$	30,806

Remaining Contractual Maturity of Securities

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31, 2019
	Available-for-Sale						Held-to-Maturity
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
One year or less	$	131,855	$	133,155	$	8,672	$	8,371
After one year to five years	193,902		195,814		6,037		5,828
After five years to ten years	299,113		302,062		4,417		4,264
After ten years	—		—		2,871		2,771
Securities that do not have a single contractual maturity date	2,226,609		2,242,355		—		—
Total	$	2,851,479	$	2,873,386	$	21,997	$	21,234

The carrying value of securities available-for-sale that were pledged to secure deposits or for other purposes as permitted or required by law totaled $1.3 billion for December 31, 2019 and $1.2 billion for December 31, 2018. No securities held-to-maturity were pledged as of December 31, 2019 or 2018.

Excluding securities issued or backed by the U.S. government and its agencies and U.S. government-sponsored enterprises, there were no investments in securities from one issuer that exceeded 10% of total stockholders' equity as of December 31, 2019 or 2018.

There were no net securities gains (losses) recognized during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. Certain securities acquired in the Bridgeview and Northern States transactions were sold shortly after the acquisition date, resulting in no gains or losses as they were recorded at fair value upon acquisition. Net realized losses on sales of securities of $1.9 million for 2017 consisted primarily of sales of CMOs and trust-preferred collateralized debt obligations at net losses of $3.2 million, which were partially offset by sales of municipal and other securities at net gains of $1.3 million.

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Accounting guidance requires that the credit portion of an OTTI charge be recognized through income. If a decline in fair value below carrying value is not attributable to credit deterioration and the Company does not intend to sell the security or believe it would not be more likely than not required to sell the security prior to recovery, the Company records the non-credit related portion of the decline in fair value in other comprehensive income (loss).

The following table presents a rollforward of life-to-date OTTI recognized in earnings related to all securities available-for-sale held by the Company for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017.

Changes in OTTI Recognized in Earnings

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Years Ended December 31,
	2019		2018		2017
Beginning balance	$	—	$	—	$	23,345
OTTI included in earnings⁽¹⁾:


Reduction for securities sales⁽²⁾	—		—		(23,345)
Ending balance	$	—	$	—	$	—

⁽¹⁾Included in net securities losses in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

⁽²⁾These reductions were driven by the sale of 11 collateralized debt obligations ("CDOs") with a carrying value of $47.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2017.

The following table presents the aggregate amount of unrealized losses and the aggregate related fair values of securities with unrealized losses as of December 31, 2019 and 2018.

Securities in an Unrealized Loss Position

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


		Less Than 12 Months						Greater Than 12 Months						Total
	Number of Securities	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
As of December 31, 2019
Securities Available-for-Sale
U.S. treasury securities	5	$	4,966	$	1	$	—	$	—	$	4,966	$	1
U.S. agency securities	52	97,729		1,200		49,387		636		147,116		1,836
CMOs	148	187,470		2,177		412,083		2,850		599,553		5,027
MBSs	59	66,340		996		121,861		852		188,201		1,848
Municipal securities	16	9,384		89		3,104		10		12,488		99

Corporate debt securities	6	9,719		281		21,955		206		31,674		487

Total	286	$	375,608	$	4,744	$	608,390	$	4,554	$	983,998	$	9,298
Securities Held-to-Maturity
Municipal securities	30	$	12,202	$	439	$	9,032	$	324	$	21,234	$	763

As of December 31, 2018
Securities Available-for-Sale
U.S. treasury securities	17	$	15,894	$	57	$	13,886	$	118	$	29,780	$	175
U.S. agency securities	74	34,263		320		93,227		1,287		127,490		1,607
CMOs	234	171,901		1,671		863,747		23,013		1,035,648		24,684
MBSs	118	135,791		1,715		284,273		9,536		420,064		11,251
Municipal securities	423	60,863		558		109,935		2,316		170,798		2,874

Corporate debt securities	16	82,349		3,725		—		—		82,349		3,725
Total	882	$	501,061	$	8,046	$	1,365,068	$	36,270	$	1,866,129	$	44,316
Securities Held-to-Maturity
Municipal securities	5	$	—	$	—	$	9,871	$	305	$	9,871	$	305

Substantially all of the Company's CMOs and other MBSs are either backed by U.S. government-owned agencies or issued by U.S. government-sponsored enterprises. Municipal securities are issued by municipal authorities, and the majority are supported by third-party insurance or some other form of credit enhancement. Management does not believe any of these securities with

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unrealized losses as of December 31, 2019 represent OTTI related to credit deterioration. These unrealized losses are attributed to changes in interest rates and temporary market movements. The Company does not intend to sell these securities and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell them before recovery of their amortized cost basis, which may be at maturity.

5. LOANS

Loans Held-for-Investment

The following table presents the Company's loans held-for-investment by class.

Loan Portfolio

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31,
	2019		2018
Commercial and industrial	$	4,481,525	$	4,120,293
Agricultural	405,616		430,928
Commercial real estate:
Office, retail, and industrial	1,848,718		1,820,917
Multi-family	856,553		764,185
Construction	593,093		649,337
Other commercial real estate	1,383,708		1,361,810
Total commercial real estate	4,682,072		4,596,249
Total corporate loans	9,569,213		9,147,470
Home equity	851,454		851,607
1-4 family mortgages	1,927,078		1,017,181
Installment	492,585		430,525
Total consumer loans	3,271,117		2,299,313
Total loans	$	12,840,330	$	11,446,783
Deferred loan fees included in total loans	$	7,972	$	6,715
Overdrawn demand deposits included in total loans	10,675		8,583

The Company primarily lends to community-based and mid-sized businesses, commercial real estate customers, and consumers in its markets. Within these areas, the Company diversifies its loan portfolio by loan type, industry, and borrower.

Commercial and industrial loans are underwritten after evaluating and understanding the borrower's ability to operate its business. As part of the underwriting process, the Company examines current and expected future cash flows to determine the ability of the borrower to repay its obligation. Commercial and industrial loans are primarily made based on the identified cash flows of the borrower and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower and may incorporate a personal guarantee. The cash flows of the borrower may not be as expected, and the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate in value due to the success of the business or economic conditions. Most commercial and industrial loans are secured by the assets being financed or other business assets, such as accounts receivable or inventory. For loans secured by accounts receivable, the availability of funds for repayment substantially depends on the ability of the borrower to collect amounts due from its customers. Some short-term loans may be made on an unsecured basis.

Agricultural loans are generally provided to meet seasonal production, equipment, and farm real estate borrowing needs of individual and corporate crop and livestock producers. Seasonal crop production loans are repaid by the liquidation of the financed crop that is typically covered by crop insurance. Equipment and real estate term loans are repaid through cash flows of the farming operation. As part of the underwriting process, the Company examines projected future cash flows, financial statement stability, and the value of the underlying collateral.

Commercial real estate loans are subject to underwriting standards and processes similar to commercial and industrial loans. The repayment of commercial real estate loans depends on the successful operation of the property securing the loan or the business conducted on the property securing the loan. This category of loans may be more adversely affected by conditions in real estate markets. Management monitors and evaluates commercial real estate loans based on cash flow, collateral, geography, and risk rating criteria. The mix of properties securing the loans in our commercial real estate portfolio is balanced between owner-occupied and investor categories and is diverse in terms of type and geographic location, generally within the Company's markets.

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Consumer loans are centrally underwritten using a credit scoring model developed by the Fair Isaac Corporation ("FICO"), which employs a risk-based system to determine the probability that a borrower may default. Underwriting standards for home equity loans are heavily influenced by statutory requirements, which include loan-to-value and affordability ratios, risk-based pricing strategies, and documentation requirements. The home equity category consists mainly of revolving lines of credit secured by junior liens on owner-occupied real estate. Loan-to-value ratios on home equity loans and 1-4 family mortgages are based on the current appraised value of the collateral. Repayment for these loans is dependent on the borrower's continued financial stability, and is more likely to be impacted by adverse personal circumstances.

The Bank is a member of the FHLB and FRB and has access to financing secured by designated assets that may include qualifying commercial real estate, residential and multi-family mortgages, home equity loans, and certain municipal and mortgage-backed securities. The carrying values of loans that were pledged to secure liabilities as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 are presented below.

Carrying Value of Loans Pledged

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31
	2019		2018
Loans pledged to secure:
FHLB advances (blanket pledge)	$	5,371,872	$	4,443,268
FRB's Discount Window Primary Credit Program	1,173,250		1,166,128
Total	$	6,545,122	$	5,609,396

As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, based on loans pledged under a blanket pledge agreement noted in the table above, the Bank was eligible to borrow up to $3.3 billion and $2.5 billion, respectively, in FHLB advances. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Bank was eligible to borrow up to $874.3 million and $881.1 million, respectively, through the FRB's Discount Window Primary Credit Program based on assets pledged. For additional disclosure related to the Company's outstanding balance of borrowings, see Note 12, "Borrowed Funds."

Loan Sales

The following table presents loan sales for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017.

Loan Sales

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31,
	2019		2018		2017
Corporate loan sales
Proceeds from sales	$	14,650	$	17,900	$	52,974
Less book value of loans sold	14,149		17,498		51,781
Net gains on corporate sales⁽¹⁾	501		402		1,193
1-4 family mortgage loan sales
Proceeds from sales	474,384		245,967		258,626
Less book value of loans sold	464,893		240,807		252,741
Net gains on 1-4 family mortgage sales⁽²⁾	9,491		5,160		5,885
Total net gains on loan sales	$	9,992	$	5,562	$	7,078

⁽¹⁾Net gains on corporate loan sales are included in other service charges, commissions, and fees in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

⁽²⁾Net gains on 1-4 family mortgage loan sales are included in mortgage banking income in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

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The Company retained servicing responsibilities for a portion of the 1-4 family mortgage loans sold and collects servicing fees equal to a percentage of the outstanding principal balance. For additional disclosure related to the Company's obligations resulting from the sale of certain 1-4 family mortgage loans, see Note 21, "Commitments, Guarantees, and Contingent Liabilities."

6. ACQUIRED AND COVERED LOANS

Covered loans consist of loans acquired by the Company in FDIC-assisted transactions, which are covered by the FDIC Agreements. Acquired loans consist of all other loans that were acquired in business combinations that are not covered by the FDIC Agreements. Both acquired and covered loans are included in loans in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. The significant accounting policies related to acquired and covered loans, which are classified as PCI and non-PCI, and the related FDIC indemnification asset, are presented in Note 1, "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies."

Non-residential mortgage loans related to FDIC-assisted transactions are no longer covered under the FDIC Agreements. These non-residential loans, which totaled $7.8 million and $10.4 million as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, are included in acquired loans and no longer classified as covered loans. The losses on residential mortgage loans will continue to be covered under the FDIC Agreements through various dates between December 31, 2019 and September 30, 2020.

The following table presents acquired and covered PCI and Non-PCI loans as of December 31, 2019 and 2018.

Acquired and Covered Loans

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31,
	2019										2018
	PCI		Non-PCI		Total		PCI		Non-PCI		Total
Acquired loans	$	161,794	$	1,212,420	$	1,374,214	$	108,049	$	1,247,492	$	1,355,541
Covered loans	5,389		3,713		9,102		5,819		4,869		10,688
Total acquired and covered loans	$	167,183	$	1,216,133	$	1,383,316	$	113,868	$	1,252,361	$	1,366,229

The outstanding balance of PCI loans was $243.0 million and $175.2 million as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Acquired non-PCI loans that are renewed are no longer classified as acquired loans. These loans totaled $523.5 million and $458.0 million as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

In connection with the FDIC Agreements, the Company recorded an indemnification asset. The carrying value of the FDIC indemnification asset was $892,000, $2.1 million, and $3.3 million as of December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively.

Changes in the accretable yield for acquired and covered PCI loans were as follows.

Changes in Accretable Yield

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Years Ended December 31,
	2019		2018		2017
Beginning balance	$	43,725	$	32,957	$	19,386
Additions	16,037		3,699		27,316
Accretion	(20,607)		(12,354)		(15,529)
Other⁽¹⁾	(146)		19,423		1,784
Ending balance	$	39,009	$	43,725	$	32,957

⁽¹⁾Decreases result from the resolution of certain loans occurring earlier than anticipated while increases represent a rise in the expected future cash flows to be collected over the remaining estimated life of the underlying portfolio.

Total accretion on acquired and covered PCI and non-PCI loans for December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017 was $35.6 million, $19.5 million, and $33.9 million, respectively.

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7. PAST DUE LOANS, ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES, IMPAIRED LOANS, AND TDRS

Past Due and Non-accrual Loans

The following table presents an aging analysis of the Company's past due loans as of December 31, 2019 and 2018. The aging is determined without regard to accrual status. The table also presents non-performing loans, consisting of non-accrual loans (the majority of which are past due) and loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest, as of each balance sheet date.

Aging Analysis of Past Due Loans and Non-Performing Loans by Class

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Aging Analysis (Accruing and Non-accrual)														Non-performing Loans
	Current⁽¹⁾		30-89 Days Past Due		90 Days or More Past Due		Total Past Due		Total Loans		Non-accrual		90 Days or More Past Due, Still Accruing Interest
As of December 31, 2019
Commercial and industrial	$	4,455,381	$	11,468	$	14,676	$	26,144	$	4,481,525	$	29,995	$	2,207
Agricultural	398,676		850		6,090		6,940		405,616		5,954		358
Commercial real estate:
Office, retail, and industrial	1,830,321		2,943		15,454		18,397		1,848,718		25,857		546
Multi-family	853,762		211		2,580		2,791		856,553		2,697		—
Construction	588,065		4,876		152		5,028		593,093		152		—
Other commercial real estate	1,377,678		3,233		2,797		6,030		1,383,708		4,729		529
Total commercial real estate	4,649,826		11,263		20,983		32,246		4,682,072		33,435		1,075
Total corporate loans	9,503,883		23,581		41,749		65,330		9,569,213		69,384		3,640
Home equity	841,908		4,992		4,554		9,546		851,454		8,443		146
1-4 family mortgages	1,917,648		5,452		3,978		9,430		1,927,078		4,442		1,203
Installment	491,406		1,167		12		1,179		492,585		—		12
Total consumer loans	3,250,962		11,611		8,544		20,155		3,271,117		12,885		1,361
Total loans	$	12,754,845	$	35,192	$	50,293	$	85,485	$	12,840,330	$	82,269	$	5,001
As of December 31, 2018
Commercial and industrial	$	4,085,164	$	8,832	$	26,297	$	35,129	$	4,120,293	$	33,507	$	422
Agricultural	428,357		940		1,631		2,571		430,928		1,564		101
Commercial real estate:
Office, retail, and industrial	1,803,059		8,209		9,649		17,858		1,820,917		6,510		4,081
Multi-family	759,402		1,487		3,296		4,783		764,185		3,107		189
Construction	645,774		3,419		144		3,563		649,337		144		—
Other commercial real estate	1,353,442		4,921		3,447		8,368		1,361,810		2,854		2,197
Total commercial real estate	4,561,677		18,036		16,536		34,572		4,596,249		12,615		6,467
Total corporate loans	9,075,198		27,808		44,464		72,272		9,147,470		47,686		6,990
Home equity	843,217		6,285		2,105		8,390		851,607		5,393		104
1-4 family mortgages	1,009,925		4,361		2,895		7,256		1,017,181		3,856		1,147
Installment	428,836		1,648		41		1,689		430,525		—		41
Total consumer loans	2,281,978		12,294		5,041		17,335		2,299,313		9,249		1,292
Total loans	$	11,357,176	$	40,102	$	49,505	$	89,607	$	11,446,783	$	56,935	$	8,282

⁽¹⁾PCI loans with an accretable yield are considered current.

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Allowance for Credit Losses

The Company maintains an allowance for credit losses at a level deemed adequate by management to absorb estimated losses inherent in the existing loan portfolio. See Note 1, "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies," for the accounting policy for the allowance for credit losses. A rollforward of the allowance for credit losses by portfolio segment for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017 is presented in the table below.

Allowance for Credit Losses by Portfolio Segment

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Commercial, Industrial, and Agricultural		Office, Retail, and Industrial		Multi-family		Construction		Other Commercial Real Estate		Consumer		Reserve for Unfunded Commitments		Total Allowance for Credit Losses
Year Ended December 31, 2019
Beginning balance	$	63,276	$	7,900	$	2,464	$	2,173	$	4,934	$	21,472	$	1,200	$	103,419
Charge-offs	(28,008)		(2,800)		(340)		(10)		(800)		(14,250)		—		(46,208)
Recoveries	4,815		253		478		19		357		2,062		—		7,984
Net charge-offs	(23,193)		(2,547)		138		9		(443)		(12,188)		—		(38,224)
Provision for loan losses and other	22,747		2,227		348		(485)		1,917		17,273		—		44,027
Ending Balance	$	62,830	$	7,580	$	2,950	$	1,697	$	6,408	$	26,557	$	1,200	$	109,222
Year Ended December 31, 2018
Beginning balance	$	55,791	$	10,996	$	2,534	$	3,481	$	6,381	$	16,546	$	1,000	$	96,729
Charge-offs	(36,477)		(2,286)		(5)		(1)		(410)		(8,806)		—		(47,985)
Recoveries	2,946		334		3		125		1,532		1,681		—		6,621
Net charge-offs	(33,531)		(1,952)		(2)		124		1,122		(7,125)		—		(41,364)
Provision for loan losses and other	41,016		(1,144)		(68)		(1,432)		(2,569)		12,051		200		48,054
Ending balance	$	63,276	$	7,900	$	2,464	$	2,173	$	4,934	$	21,472	$	1,200	$	103,419
Year Ended December 31, 2017
Beginning balance	$	40,709	$	17,595	$	3,261	$	3,444	$	7,739	$	13,335	$	1,000	$	87,083
Charge-offs	(22,885)		(190)		—		(38)		(755)		(6,955)		—		(30,823)
Recoveries	4,150		2,935		39		270		244		1,541		—		9,179
Net charge-offs	(18,735)		2,745		39		232		(511)		(5,414)		—		(21,644)
Provision for loan losses and other	33,817		(9,344)		(766)		(195)		(847)		8,625		—		31,290
Ending balance	$	55,791	$	10,996	$	2,534	$	3,481	$	6,381	$	16,546	$	1,000	$	96,729

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The table below provides a breakdown of loans and the related allowance for credit losses by portfolio segment as of December 31, 2019 and 2018.

Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses by Portfolio Segment

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Loans														Allowance for Credit Losses
	Individually Evaluated for Impairment		Collectively Evaluated for Impairment		PCI		Total		Individually Evaluated for Impairment		Collectively Evaluated for Impairment		PCI		Total
As of December 31, 2019
Commercial, industrial, and agricultural	$	34,142	$	4,807,114	$	45,885	$	4,887,141	$	3,414	$	59,108	$	308	$	62,830
Commercial real estate:
Office, retail, and industrial	24,820		1,795,557		28,341		1,848,718		578		6,899		103		7,580
Multi-family	1,995		851,857		2,701		856,553		—		2,854		96		2,950
Construction	123		581,747		11,223		593,093		—		1,681		16		1,697
Other commercial real estate	3,241		1,323,635		56,832		1,383,708		—		4,867		1,541		6,408
Total commercial real estate	30,179		4,552,796		99,097		4,682,072		578		16,301		1,756		18,635
Total corporate loans	64,321		9,359,910		144,982		9,569,213		3,992		75,409		2,064		81,465
Consumer	—		3,248,916		22,201		3,271,117		—		25,424		1,133		26,557
Reserve for unfunded commitments	—		—		—		—		—		1,200		—		1,200
Total loans	$	64,321	$	12,608,826	$	167,183	$	12,840,330	$	3,992	$	102,033	$	3,197	$	109,222
As of December 31, 2018
Commercial, industrial, and agricultural	$	32,415	$	4,514,349	$	4,457	$	4,551,221	$	3,961	$	58,947	$	368	$	63,276
Commercial real estate:
Office, retail, and industrial	5,057		1,799,304		16,556		1,820,917		748		5,984		1,168		7,900
Multi-family	3,492		747,030		13,663		764,185		—		2,154		310		2,464
Construction	—		644,499		4,838		649,337		—		2,019		154		2,173
Other commercial real estate	1,545		1,305,444		54,821		1,361,810		—		4,180		754		4,934
Total commercial real estate	10,094		4,496,277		89,878		4,596,249		748		14,337		2,386		17,471
Total corporate loans	42,509		9,010,626		94,335		9,147,470		4,709		73,284		2,754		80,747
Consumer	—		2,279,780		19,533		2,299,313		—		20,094		1,378		21,472
Reserve for unfunded commitments	—		—		—		—		—		1,200		—		1,200
Total loans	$	42,509	$	11,290,406	$	113,868	$	11,446,783	$	4,709	$	94,578	$	4,132	$	103,419

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Loans Individually Evaluated for Impairment

The following table presents loans individually evaluated for impairment by class of loan as of December 31, 2019 and 2018. PCI loans are excluded from this disclosure.

Impaired Loans Individually Evaluated by Class

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31,
	2019														2018
	Recorded Investment In										Recorded Investment In
	Loans with No Specific Reserve		Loans with a Specific Reserve		Unpaid Principal Balance		Specific Reserve		Loans with No Specific Reserve		Loans with a Specific Reserve		Unpaid Principal Balance		Specific Reserve
Commercial and industrial	$	12,885	$	15,516	$	52,559	$	2,456	$	7,550	$	23,349	$	49,102	$	3,960
Agricultural	1,889		3,852		9,293		958		1,318		198		3,997		1
Commercial real estate:
Office, retail, and industrial	14,111		10,709		37,007		578		1,861		3,196		6,141		748
Multi-family	1,995		—		1,995		—		3,492		—		3,492		—
Construction	123		—		123		—		—		—		—		—
Other commercial real estate	3,241		—		3,495		—		1,545		—		1,612		—
Total commercial real estate	19,470		10,709		42,620		578		6,898		3,196		11,245		748
Total impaired loans individually evaluated for impairment	$	34,244	$	30,077	$	104,472	$	3,992	$	15,766	$	26,743	$	64,344	$	4,709

The following table presents the average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans by class for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017. PCI loans are excluded from this disclosure.

Average Recorded Investment and Interest Income Recognized on Impaired Loans by Class

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Years Ended December 31,
	2019						2018						2017
	Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized⁽¹⁾		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized⁽¹⁾		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized⁽¹⁾
Commercial and industrial	$	26,700	$	115	$	33,732	$	225	$	33,956	$	1,059
Agricultural	4,374		20		2,026		32		279		101
Commercial real estate:
Office, retail, and industrial	17,453		73		8,105		892		13,106		325
Multi-family	3,164		112		2,404		66		441		28
Construction	74		3		—		—		7		136
Other commercial real estate	2,662		90		2,179		406		1,615		41
Total commercial real estate	23,352		278		12,688		1,364		15,169		530
Total impaired loans	$	54,427	$	413	$	48,445	$	1,621	$	49,404	$	1,690

⁽¹⁾Recorded using the cash basis of accounting.

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Credit Quality Indicators

Corporate loans and commitments are assessed for credit risk and assigned ratings based on various characteristics, such as the borrower's cash flow, leverage, and collateral. Ratings for commercial credits are reviewed periodically. The following tables present credit quality indicators by class for corporate and consumer loans as of December 31, 2019 and 2018.

Corporate Credit Quality Indicators by Class

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Pass		Special Mention⁽¹⁾		Substandard⁽²⁾		Non-accrual⁽³⁾		Total
As of December 31, 2019
Commercial and industrial	$	4,324,709	$	47,665	$	79,156	$	29,995	$	4,481,525
Agricultural	350,827		32,764		16,071		5,954		405,616
Commercial real estate:
Office, retail, and industrial	1,747,287		42,230		33,344		25,857		1,848,718
Multi-family	839,615		8,279		5,962		2,697		856,553
Construction	564,495		17,977		10,469		152		593,093
Other commercial real estate	1,295,155		39,788		44,036		4,729		1,383,708
Total commercial real estate	4,446,552		108,274		93,811		33,435		4,682,072
Total corporate loans	$	9,122,088	$	188,703	$	189,038	$	69,384	$	9,569,213
As of December 31, 2018
Commercial and industrial	$	3,952,066	$	74,878	$	59,842	$	33,507	$	4,120,293
Agricultural	407,542		10,070		11,752		1,564		430,928
Commercial real estate:
Office, retail, and industrial	1,735,426		35,853		43,128		6,510		1,820,917
Multi-family	745,131		9,273		6,674		3,107		764,185
Construction	624,446		16,370		8,377		144		649,337
Other commercial real estate	1,294,128		47,736		17,092		2,854		1,361,810
Total commercial real estate	4,399,131		109,232		75,271		12,615		4,596,249
Total corporate loans	$	8,758,739	$	194,180	$	146,865	$	47,686	$	9,147,470

⁽³⁾Loans categorized as non-accrual exhibit a well-defined weakness that may jeopardize the liquidation of the debt or result in a loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

Consumer Credit Quality Indicators by Class

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Performing		Non-accrual		Total
As of December 31, 2019
Home equity	$	843,011	$	8,443	$	851,454
1-4 family mortgages	1,922,636		4,442		1,927,078
Installment	492,585		—		492,585
Total consumer loans	$	3,258,232	$	12,885	$	3,271,117
As of December 31, 2018
Home equity	$	846,214	$	5,393	$	851,607
1-4 family mortgages	1,013,325		3,856		1,017,181
Installment	430,525		—		430,525
Total consumer loans	$	2,290,064	$	9,249	$	2,299,313

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TDRs

TDRs are generally performed at the request of the individual borrower and may include forgiveness of principal, reduction in interest rates, changes in payments, and maturity date extensions. The table below presents TDRs by class as of December 31, 2019 and 2018. See Note 1, "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies," for the accounting policy for TDRs.

TDRs by Class

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31,
	2019										2018
	Accruing		Non-accrual⁽¹⁾		Total		Accruing		Non-accrual⁽¹⁾		Total
Commercial and industrial	$	227	$	16,420	$	16,647	$	246	$	5,994	$	6,240
Agricultural	—		—		—		—		—		—
Commercial real estate:
Office, retail, and industrial	—		3,600		3,600		—		—		—
Multi-family	163		—		163		557		—		557
Construction	—		—		—		—		—		—
Other commercial real estate	170		—		170		181		—		181
Total commercial real estate	333		3,600		3,933		738		—		738
Total corporate loans	560		20,020		20,580		984		5,994		6,978
Home equity	36		240		276		113		327		440
1-4 family mortgages	637		—		637		769		291		1,060
Installment	—		254		254		—		—		—
Total consumer loans	673		494		1,167		882		618		1,500
Total loans	$	1,233	$	20,514	$	21,747	$	1,866	$	6,612	$	8,478

⁽¹⁾These TDRs are included in non-accrual loans in the preceding tables.

TDRs are included in the calculation of the allowance for credit losses in the same manner as impaired loans. There were $2.2 million of specific reserves related to TDRs as of December 31, 2019 and no specific reserves related to TDRs as of December 31, 2018.

There were no material restructurings during the year ended December 31, 2018. The following table presents a summary of loans that were restructured during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2017.

Loans Restructured During the Period

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Number of Loans	Pre-Modification Recorded Investment		Funds Disbursed		Interest and Escrow Capitalized		Charge-offs		Post-Modification Recorded Investment
Year Ended December 31, 2019
Commercial and industrial	5	$	13,616	$	—	$	—	$	1,424	$	12,192
Office, retail, and industrial	2	4,473		—		—		873		3,600
Multi-family	1	12		—		—		—		12
Total loans restructured during the period	8	$	18,101	$	—	$	—	$	2,297	$	15,804









Year Ended December 31, 2017
Commercial and industrial	12	$	26,733	$	9,035	$	—	$	6,232	$	29,536




Office, retail, and industrial	2	3,656		—		—		—		3,656

Total loans restructured during the period	14	$	30,389	$	9,035	$	—	$	6,232	$	33,192

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Accruing TDRs that do not perform in accordance with their modified terms are transferred to non-accrual. No TDRs had payment defaults during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017 where the default occurred within twelve months of the restructure date.

A rollforward of the carrying value of TDRs for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017 is presented in the following table.

TDR Rollforward

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Years Ended December 31,
	2019		2018		2017
Accruing
Beginning balance	$	1,866	$	1,796	$	2,291
Additions	12		—		15,819
Net payments	(262)		(50)		(1,923)
Returned to performing status	—		—		—
Net transfers (to) from non-accrual	(383)		120		(14,391)
Ending balance	1,233		1,866		1,796
Non-accrual
Beginning balance	6,612		24,533		6,297
Additions	18,089		527		14,570
Net payments	(1,013)		(14,403)		(4,380)
Charge-offs	(3,557)		(3,925)		(6,345)
Transfers to OREO	—		—		—
Loans sold	—		—		—
Net transfers from (to) accruing	383		(120)		14,391
Ending balance	20,514		6,612		24,533
Total TDRs	$	21,747	$	8,478	$	26,329

There were $530,000 and $3.8 million of commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers with TDRs as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

8. PREMISES, FURNITURE, AND EQUIPMENT

The following table summarizes the Company's premises, furniture, and equipment by category.

Premises, Furniture, and Equipment

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31,
	2019		2018
Land	$	30,807	$	28,187
Premises	132,427		122,003
Furniture and equipment	137,349		127,421
Total cost	300,583		277,611
Accumulated depreciation	(159,411)		(148,831)
Net book value of premises, furniture, and equipment	141,172		128,780
Assets held-for-sale	6,824		3,722
Premises, furniture, and equipment, net	$	147,996	$	132,502

As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, assets held-for-sale consisted of former branches that are no longer in operation and parcels of land previously purchased for expansion.

Depreciation on premises, furniture, and equipment totaled $16.4 million in 2019, $15.9 million in 2018, and $14.0 million in 2017.

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9. LEASE OBLIGATIONS

The Company has the right to utilize certain premises under non-cancelable operating leases with varying maturity dates through the year ending December 31, 2059. As of December 31, 2019, the weighted-average remaining lease term on these leases was 11.19 years. Various leases contain renewal or termination options controlled by the Company or options to purchase the leased property during or at the expiration of the lease period at specific prices. Some leases contain escalation clauses calling for rentals to be adjusted for increased real estate taxes and other operating expenses or proportionately adjusted for increases in consumer or other price indices. Variable payments for real estate taxes and other operating expenses are considered to be non-lease components and are excluded from the determination of the lease liability. In addition, the Company rents or subleases certain real estate to third-parties. The following summary reflects the future minimum payments by year required under operating leases that have initial or remaining non-cancelable lease terms in excess of one year and a reconciliation of those payments to the Company's lease liability as of December 31, 2019.

Lease Liability

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Total
Year Ending December 31,
2020	$	17,855
2021	17,873
2022	18,007
2023	18,175
2024	18,090
2025 and thereafter	103,967
Total minimum lease payments	193,967
Discount⁽¹⁾	(32,403)
Lease liability⁽²⁾	$	161,564

⁽¹⁾Represents the net present value adjustment related to minimum lease payments.

⁽²⁾Included in accrued interest payable and other liabilities in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

The discount rate for the Company's operating leases is the rate implicit in the lease and, if that rate cannot be readily determined, the Company's incremental borrowing rate. The weighted-average discount rate on the Company's operating leases was 3.19% as of December 31, 2019.

As of December 31, 2019, right-of-use assets of $141.0 million associated with lease liabilities were included in accrued interest receivable and other assets in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

The following table presents net operating lease expense for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017.

Net Operating Lease Expense

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Years Ended December 31,
	2019		2018		2017
Lease expense charged to operations	$	17,681	$	24,880	$	18,666
Accretion of operating lease intangible⁽¹⁾	(162)		(972)		(1,180)
Accretion of deferred gain on sale-leaseback transaction⁽¹⁾	—		(9,126)		(5,872)
Rental income from premises leased to others⁽¹⁾	(720)		(510)		(682)
Net operating lease expense	$	16,799	$	14,272	$	10,932

⁽¹⁾Included as reductions to net occupancy and equipment expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

During 2016, the Bank completed a sale-leaseback transaction, whereby the Bank sold to a third-party 55 branches and concurrently entered into triple net lease agreements with certain affiliates of the third-party for each of the branches sold. The sale-leaseback transaction resulted in a pre-tax gain of $88.0 million, net of transaction related expenses, of which $5.5 million was immediately recognized in earnings. Remaining deferred pre-tax gains were $65.5 million as of December 31, 2018. Upon adoption of new lease guidance on January 1, 2019, the remaining after-tax gain of $47.3 million was recognized as a

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cumulative-effect adjustment to equity in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. For additional detail regarding the new lease guidance see Note 2, "Recent Accounting Pronouncements."

10. GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The Company's annual goodwill impairment test was performed as of October 1, 2019. It was determined that no impairment existed as of that date or as of December 31, 2019. For a discussion of the accounting policies for goodwill and other intangible assets, see Note 1, "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies."

The following table presents changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017.

Changes in the Carrying Amount of Goodwill

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Years Ended December 31,
	2019		2018		2017
Beginning balance	$	728,809	$	697,608	$	340,879
Acquisitions	67,947		31,201		356,729

Ending balance	$	796,756	$	728,809	$	697,608

The increase in goodwill for the year ended December 31, 2019 resulted from the Bridgeview and Northern Oak acquisitions and measurement period adjustment related to finalizing the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the Northern States acquisition. During the year ended December 31, 2018 the increase resulted from the Northern States acquisition and measurement period adjustment related to finalizing the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the Premier Asset Management LLC ("Premier") acquisition. During the year ended December 31, 2017, the increase resulted from the Standard Bancshares, Inc. and Premier acquisitions and measurement period adjustments related to the NI Bancshares Corporation acquisition. See Note 3, "Acquisitions," for additional detail regarding transactions completed in 2019 and 2018.

The Company's other intangible assets consist of core deposit intangibles and trust department customer relationship intangibles, which are being amortized over their estimated useful lives. Other intangible assets are subject to impairment testing when events or circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be recoverable. The increase in other intangible assets for the year ended December 31, 2019 resulted from the Bridgeview and Northern Oak acquisitions. The increase in other intangible assets for the year ended December 31, 2018 resulted from the Northern States acquisition. During 2019 there were no events or circumstances to indicate impairment.

Other Intangible Assets

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Years Ended December 31,
	2019										2018								2017
	Gross		Accumulated Amortization		Net		Gross		Accumulated Amortization		Net		Gross		Accumulated Amortization		Net
Beginning balance	$	110,206	$	48,271	$	61,935	$	97,976	$	40,827	$	57,149	$	58,959	$	32,962	$	25,997
Additions	27,052		—		27,052		12,230		—		12,230		39,017		—		39,017
Amortization expense	—		10,481		(10,481)		—		7,444		(7,444)		—		7,865		(7,865)
Ending balance	$	137,258	$	58,752	$	78,506	$	110,206	$	48,271	$	61,935	$	97,976	$	40,827	$	57,149
Weighted-average remaining life (in years)									7.5						7.8				8.3
Estimated remaining useful lives (in years)									0.5 to 9.3						0.7 to 9.8				0.2 to 9.3

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Scheduled Amortization of Other Intangible Assets

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Total
Year Ending December 31,
2020	$	10,951
2021	10,875
2022	10,796
2023	10,418
2024	10,172
2025 and thereafter	25,294
Total	$	78,506

11. DEPOSITS

The following table presents the Company's deposits by type.

Summary of Deposits

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31,
	2019		2018
Demand deposits	$	3,802,422	$	3,642,989
Savings deposits	2,062,848		2,053,494
NOW accounts	2,259,505		2,063,213
Money market deposits	2,093,049		1,783,512
Time deposits less than $100,000	1,615,609		1,348,664
Time deposits greater than $100,000	1,417,845		1,192,240
Total deposits	$	13,251,278	$	12,084,112

The following table provides maturity information related to the Company's time deposits.

Scheduled Maturities of Time Deposits

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Total
Year Ending December 31,
2020	$	2,800,474
2021	150,806
2022	34,140
2023	17,894
2024	29,792
2025 and thereafter	348
Total	$	3,033,454

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12. BORROWED FUNDS

The following table summarizes the Company's borrowed funds by funding source.

Summary of Borrowed Funds

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31,
	2019		2018
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	$	103,515	$	121,079
Federal funds purchased	160,000		—
FHLB advances	1,395,243		785,000
Total borrowed funds	$	1,658,758	$	906,079

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase and federal funds purchased generally mature within 1 to 90 days from the transaction date. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase are treated as financings and the obligations to repurchase securities sold are included as a liability in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Repurchase agreements are secured by U.S. treasury and agency securities, which are held in third-party pledge accounts, if required. The securities underlying the agreements remain in the respective asset accounts. As of December 31, 2019, the Company did not have amounts at risk under repurchase agreements with any individual counterparty or group of counterparties that exceeded 10% of stockholders' equity.

The Bank is a member of the FHLB and has access to term financing from the FHLB. These advances are secured by designated assets that may include qualifying commercial real estate, residential and multi-family mortgages, home equity loans, and certain municipal and mortgage-backed securities. See Note 5, "Loans," for detail of the carrying value of loans pledged. As of December 31, 2019, FHLB advances, including certain putable advances, had fixed interest rates that range from 0.70% to 2.04% and maturity dates that range from January 2020 to November 2029.

The Company hedges interest rates on borrowed funds using interest rate swaps through which the Company receives variable amounts and pays fixed amounts. See Note 20, "Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities" for a detailed discussion of interest rate swaps.

The following table presents short-term credit lines available for use, for which the Company did not have an outstanding balance as of December 31, 2019 and 2018.

Short-Term Credit Lines Available for Use

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31,
	2019		2018
FRB's Discount Window Primary Credit Program	$	874,256	$	881,113
Available federal funds lines	718,000		684,000
Correspondent bank line of credit	50,000		50,000

On September 27, 2016, the Company entered into a loan agreement with U.S. Bank National Association providing for a $50.0 million short-term, unsecured revolving credit facility. On September 26, 2019, the Company entered into a third amendment to this credit facility, which extends the maturity to September 26, 2020. Advances will bear interest at a rate equal to one-month LIBOR plus 1.75%, adjusted on a monthly basis, and the Company must pay an unused facility fee equal to 0.35% per annum on a quarterly basis. Management may use this line of credit for general corporate purposes. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, no amount was outstanding under the facility.

None of the Company's borrowings have any related compensating balance requirements that restrict the use of Company assets.

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13. SENIOR AND SUBORDINATED DEBT

The following table presents the Company's senior and subordinated debt by issuance.

Senior and Subordinated Debt

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


				As of December 31,
	Issuance Date	Maturity Date	Interest Rate	2019		2018


Subordinated notes	September 2016	September 2026	5.875%	$	147,637	$	147,282

Junior subordinated debentures:
First Midwest Capital Trust I ("FMCT")	November 2003	December 2033	6.950%	37,805		37,803
Great Lakes Statutory Trust II ("GLST II")⁽¹⁾	December 2005	December 2035	L+1.400%⁽²⁾	4,674		4,580
Great Lakes Statutory Trust III ("GLST III")⁽¹⁾	June 2007	September 2037	L+1.700%⁽²⁾	6,187		6,071
Northern States Statutory Trust I ("NSST I")⁽¹⁾	September 2005	September 2035	L+1.800%⁽²⁾	8,206		8,072
Bridgeview Statutory Trust I ("BST")⁽¹⁾	July 2001	July 2031	L+3.580%⁽²⁾	14,542		—
Bridgeview Capital Trust II ("BCT")⁽¹⁾	December 2002	January 2033	L+3.350%⁽²⁾	14,897		—
Total junior subordinated debentures				86,311		56,526
Total senior and subordinated debt				$	233,948	$	203,808

⁽¹⁾The junior subordinated debentures related to BST, BCT, GLST II, GLST III, and NSST I were assumed by the Company through acquisitions. These amounts include acquisition adjustment discounts that total $7.2 million and $6.0 million as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

⁽²⁾The interest rates are variable rates based on three-month LIBOR plus the margin indicated.

Junior Subordinated Debentures

FMCT, GLST II, GLST III, NSST I, BST, and BCT are Delaware statutory business trusts. These trusts were established for the purpose of issuing trust-preferred securities and lending the proceeds to the Company in return for junior subordinated debentures of the Company. The junior subordinated debentures are the sole assets of each trust. Therefore, each trust's ability to pay amounts due on the trust-preferred securities is solely dependent on the Company making payments on the related junior subordinated debentures. The trust-preferred securities are subject to mandatory redemption, in whole or in part, on repayment of the junior subordinated debentures at the stated maturity date or on redemption. The Company guarantees payments of distributions and redemptions on the trust-preferred securities on a limited basis.

For regulatory capital purposes, the Tier 1 capital treatment of trust-preferred securities ended during 2018 due to the Company's asset growth, and those securities now are instead treated as Tier 2 capital. The statutory trusts qualify as variable interest entities for which the Company is not the primary beneficiary. Consequently, the accounts of those entities are not consolidated in the Company's financial statements.

14. MATERIAL TRANSACTIONS AFFECTING STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

Issued Common Stock

On May 9, 2019, the Company issued 4.7 million shares of its common stock with a market value of $28.61 per share at issuance as part of the consideration in the Bridgeview acquisition. Additional information regarding the Bridgeview acquisition is presented in Note 3, "Acquisitions."

On October 12, 2018, the Company issued 3.3 million shares of its common stock with a market value of $25.16 per share at issuance as part of the consideration in the Northern States acquisition. Additional information regarding the Northern States acquisition is presented in Note 3, "Acquisitions."

Stock Repurchases

On March 19, 2019, the Company announced a new stock repurchase program that authorizes the Company to repurchase up to $180 million of its common stock from time to time on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions, at the discretion of the Company. The Company repurchased 1.7 million shares of its common stock at a total cost of $33.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2019.

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modified, or discontinued at any time. Repurchases under the Company's repurchase programs are made at prices determined by the Company.

Authorized Common Stock

On May 17, 2017, the Company's stockholders approved and adopted an amendment to the Company's Restated Certificate of Incorporation. The amendment increased the Company's authorized common stock by 100,000,000 shares. Following this amendment, the Company is now authorized to issue a total of 251,000,000 shares, including 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, without a par value, and 250,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share.

Quarterly Dividend on Common Shares

The Company's Board of Directors (the "Board") declared a quarterly cash dividend on the Company's common stock of $0.09 per share for the first quarter of 2017 with an increase in the quarterly cash dividend to $0.10 per share for each of the quarters thereafter in 2017. The Company increased the quarterly cash dividend to $0.11 per share for each of the first three quarters of 2018 with an increase to $0.12 per share for the fourth quarter of 2018 and first quarter of 2019. The quarterly cash dividend increased to $0.14 per share for each of the quarters from the second quarter of 2019 through the fourth quarter of 2019.

Other than share-based compensation, which is disclosed in Note 18, "Share-Based Compensation", there were no additional material transactions that affected stockholders' equity during the three years ended December 31, 2019.

15. EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE

The table below displays the calculation of basic and diluted EPS.

Basic and Diluted EPS

(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)


	Years Ended December 31,
	2019		2018		2017
Net income	$	199,738	$	157,870	$	98,387


Net income applicable to non-vested restricted shares	(1,681)		(1,312)		(916)
Net income applicable to common shares	$	198,057	$	156,558	$	97,471
Weighted-average common shares outstanding:
Weighted-average common shares outstanding (basic)	108,156		102,850		101,423
Dilutive effect of common stock equivalents	428		4		20
Weighted-average diluted common shares outstanding	108,584		102,854		101,443
Basic EPS	$	1.83	$	1.52	$	0.96
Diluted EPS	1.82		1.52		0.96
Anti-dilutive shares not included in the computation of diluted EPS⁽¹⁾	—		27		229

⁽¹⁾This amount represents outstanding stock options for which the exercise price is greater than the average market price of the Company's common stock. The final outstanding stock options were exercised during the first quarter of 2018.

16. INCOME TAXES

Components of Income Tax Expense

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Years Ended December 31,
	2019		2018		2017
Current income tax expense (benefit):
Federal	$	50,141	$	13,497	$	93,540
State	5,116		(619)		104
Total	55,257		12,878		93,644
Deferred income tax expense (benefit):
Federal	(1,879)		14,489		(12,219)
State	12,823		11,820		8,142
Total	10,944		26,309		(4,077)
Total income tax expense	$	66,201	$	39,187	$	89,567

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Federal income tax expense and the related effective income tax rate are influenced by the amount of tax-exempt income derived from investment securities and BOLI in relation to pre-tax income as well as state income taxes. State income tax expense and the related effective income tax rate are driven by both the amount of state tax-exempt income in relation to pre-tax income and state tax rules for consolidated/combined reporting and sourcing of income and expense. Federal income tax reform was enacted on December 22, 2017. The new law enacted various changes to the federal corporate income tax, the most impactful being the reduction in the corporate tax rate to a flat 21%.

Components of Effective Tax Rate

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Years Ended December 31,
	2019						2018						2017
	Amount		% of Pretax Income		Amount		% of Pretax Income		Amount		% of Pretax Income
Statutory federal income tax	$	55,847	21.0		$	41,382	21.0		$	65,784	35.0
Increase (decrease) in income taxes resulting from:
State income tax, net of federal income tax effect	14,172		5.3		8,846		4.5		5,069		2.7
Tax-exempt income, net of interest expense disallowance	(3,234)		(1.2)		(3,104)		(1.6)		(5,065)		(2.7)
Deferred tax asset revaluation	—		—		(8,721)		(4.4)		23,709		12.6
Other	(584)		(0.2)		784		0.4		70		0.1
Total	$	66,201	24.9	%	$	39,187	19.9	%	$	89,567	47.7	%

The increase in income tax expense and the effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2019 compared to 2018 was due primarily to the increase in taxable income and an increase in the state effective tax rate. The 2018 effective tax rate was favorably impacted by the decrease in the applicable federal income tax rate from 35% to 21% and the recognition of $8.7 million of income tax benefits resulting from federal income tax reform. As of December 31, 2017, the Company's revaluation of its deferred tax assets and liabilities at the newly enacted 21% rate resulted in additional tax expense of $26.6 million, partly offset by a $2.8 million benefit due to a change in the Illinois income tax rate.

As of December 31, 2019, the Company's retained earnings included an appropriation for an acquired thrift's tax bad debt reserves of approximately $5.8 million, as well as $5.8 million and $2.5 million for December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, for which no provision for federal or state income taxes has been made. If, in the future, this portion of retained earnings were distributed as a result of the liquidation of the Company or its subsidiaries, federal and state income taxes would be imposed at the then applicable rates.

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Differences between the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and the tax basis of assets and liabilities result in temporary differences for which deferred tax assets and liabilities were recorded.

Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31,
	2019		2018
Deferred tax assets:
Lease liability	33,871		$	—
Allowance for credit losses	21,010		19,591
Federal net operating loss ("NOL") carryforwards	19,505		8,871
Non-equity based compensation	7,115		2,210
Equity based compensation	5,043		3,971

OREO	1,996		1,460
Alternative minimum tax ("AMT") and other credit carryforwards	368		244
Deferred gain on sale-leaseback transaction	—		13,752
State NOL carryforwards	—		6,240
Deferred incentives	—		1,382
Property valuation adjustments	—		1,214


Other	6,988		5,232
Total deferred tax assets	95,896		64,167
Deferred tax liabilities:
Right-of-use asset	(29,611)		—
Accrued retirement benefits	(8,453)		(8,502)
Fixed assets	(5,648)		(7,322)
Deferred loan fees and costs	(5,445)		(4,985)



Acquisition adjustments	(1,261)		(686)
Other	(2,821)		(2,823)
Total deferred tax liabilities	(53,239)		(24,318)
Deferred tax valuation allowance	—		—
Net deferred tax assets	42,657		39,849
Tax effect of adjustments related to other comprehensive income (loss)	725		20,280
Net deferred tax assets including adjustments	$	43,382	$	60,129
NOL carryforwards available to offset future taxable income:
Federal gross NOL carryforwards, begin to expire in 2030	$	92,880	$	42,242
Illinois gross NOL carryforwards	—		209,802
Indiana gross NOL carryforwards	—		14,260
Wisconsin gross NOL carryforwards	—		1,212
AMT credits	204		—

During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company recorded net deferred tax assets of $32.1 million related to the Bridgeview acquisition. During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company recorded net deferred tax assets of $17.0 million related to the Northern States acquisition.

During the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company transferred certain loans into real estate mortgage investment conduit trusts, which are classified as loans in the financial statements and as securities for tax purposes.

Net deferred tax assets are included in other assets in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Management believes that it is more likely than not that net deferred tax assets will be fully realized and no valuation allowance is required.

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Uncertainty in Income Taxes

The Company files a U.S. federal income tax return and state income tax returns in various states. Income tax returns filed by the Company are no longer subject to examination by federal and state income tax authorities for years prior to 2016, except for amended changes to 2015 federal and Illinois tax returns and 2014 Iowa and Wisconsin tax returns.

Rollforward of Unrecognized Tax Benefits

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Years Ended December 31,
	2019		2018		2017
Beginning balance	$	16,350	$	16,248	$	2,039
Additions for tax positions relating to the current year	1,158		1,209		845
Additions for tax positions relating to prior years	—		582		13,389
Reductions for tax positions relating to prior years	(224)		(60)		(25)
Reductions for settlements with taxing authorities	(900)		(1,629)		—
Ending balance	$	16,384	$	16,350	$	16,248
Interest and penalties not included above⁽¹⁾:
Interest expense (income), net of tax effect, and penalties	$	38	$	(21)	$	118
Accrued interest and penalties, net of tax effect, at end of year	208		170		191

⁽¹⁾Included in income tax expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

The Company does not anticipate that the amount of uncertain tax positions will significantly increase or decrease in the next twelve months. Included in the balance as of December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017 are tax positions totaling $13.0 million, $13.1 million and $12.9 million, respectively, which would favorably affect the Company's effective tax rate if recognized in future periods.

17. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

Profit Sharing Plan

The Company has a defined contribution retirement savings plan (the "Profit Sharing Plan") that covers qualified employees who meet certain eligibility requirements. The Profit Sharing Plan gives qualified employees (including certain highly compensated employees) the option to contribute up to 100% of their pre-tax base salary through salary deductions under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. At the employees' direction, employee contributions are invested among a variety of investment alternatives. In addition, the Company makes a matching contribution of 4% of the eligible employee's compensation. On an annual basis, the Company automatically contributes 2% of the employee's eligible compensation regardless of voluntary contributions made by the employee. There is also a discretionary profit sharing component of the Profit Sharing Plan, which permits the Company to distribute up to 15% of the employee's compensation. The Company's matching contributions vest immediately, while the automatic and discretionary components vest over six years.

Profit Sharing Plan

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Years Ended December 31,
	2019		2018		2017
Profit sharing expense⁽¹⁾	$	8,226	$	7,803	$	7,346
Company dividends received by the Profit Sharing Plan	$	414	$	457	$	441
Company shares held by the Profit Sharing Plan at the end of the year:
Number of shares	812,886		1,047,213		1,079,975
Fair value	$	18,745	$	20,745	$	25,930

⁽¹⁾Included in retirement and other employee benefits in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

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Pension Plan

The Company sponsors a defined benefit pension plan (the "Pension Plan"), which provides for retirement benefits based on years of service and compensation levels of the participants. The Pension Plan covers employees who met certain eligibility requirements and were hired before April 1, 2007, the date it was amended to eliminate new enrollment of new participants. Effective January 1, 2014, benefit accruals were frozen under the Pension Plan.

Actuarially determined pension costs are charged to current operations and included in retirement and other employee benefits in the Consolidated Statements of Income. The Company's funding policy is to contribute amounts to the Pension Plan that are sufficient to meet the minimum funding requirements of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 plus additional amounts as the Company deems appropriate.

Pension Plan Cost and Obligations

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31,
	2019			2018
Accumulated benefit obligation	$	70,236		$	58,271
Change in projected benefit obligation
Beginning balance	$	58,271		$	67,923
Service cost	—			—
Interest cost	1,841			2,031

Settlements	(4,268)			(7,199)
Actuarial loss (gain)	15,200			(3,717)
Benefits paid	(808)			(767)
Ending balance	$	70,236		$	58,271
Change in fair value of plan assets
Beginning balance	$	76,210		$	66,159
Actual return on plan assets	21,156			(6,983)
Benefits paid	(808)			(767)
Employer contributions	—			25,000
Settlements	(4,268)			(7,199)
Ending balance	$	92,290		$	76,210
Funded status recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition
Noncurrent asset	$	22,054		$	17,939
Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss
Prior service cost	$	—		$	—
Net loss	25,721			29,345
Net amount recognized	$	25,721		$	29,345
Actuarial losses included in accumulated other comprehensive loss as a percent of
Accumulated benefit obligation	36.6		%	50.4		%
Fair value of plan assets	27.9		%	38.5		%
Amounts expected to be amortized from accumulated other comprehensive loss into net periodic benefit cost in the next fiscal year
Prior service cost	$	—		$	—
Net loss	820			426
Net amount expected to be recognized	$	820		$	426
Weighted-average assumptions at the end of the year used to determine the actuarial present value of the projected benefit obligation
Discount rate	3.04		%	4.10		%

To estimate the interest cost component of the net periodic benefit expense for the Pension Plan, the Company utilizes a full yield curve approach by applying specific spot rates along the yield curve used in the determination of the benefit obligation to the relevant projected cash flows. To the extent the cumulative actuarial losses included in accumulated other comprehensive loss exceed 10% of the greater of the accumulated benefit obligation or the market-related value of the Pension Plan assets, it is

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the Company's policy to amortize the Pension Plan's net actuarial losses into income over the average remaining life expectancy of the Pension Plan participants. Actuarial losses included in accumulated other comprehensive loss as of December 31, 2019 exceeded 10% of the accumulated benefit obligation and the fair value of Pension Plan assets. The amortization of net actuarial losses is a component of the net periodic benefit cost. Amortization of the net actuarial losses and prior service cost included in other comprehensive income (loss) is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's future results of operations, financial position, or liquidity.

Net Periodic Benefit Pension Cost

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Years Ended December 31,
	2019			2018			2017
Components of net periodic benefit cost

Interest cost	$	1,841		$	2,031		$	1,712
Expected return on plan assets	(4,642)			(3,820)			(3,802)
Recognized net actuarial loss	531			533			591
Amortization of prior service cost	—			—			—
Recognized settlement loss	1,781			2,703			2,480
Net periodic (income) cost	(489)			1,447			981
Other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized as a charge to other comprehensive income (loss)
Net gain (loss) for the period	1,313			(7,086)			(83)

Amortization of net loss	2,311			3,236			3,071
Total unrealized gain (loss)	3,624			(3,850)			2,988
Total recognized in net periodic pension cost and other comprehensive income (loss)	$	4,113		$	(5,297)		$	2,007
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine the net periodic cost
Discount rate	4.10		%	3.45		%	3.86		%
Expected return on plan assets	5.75		%	5.75		%	6.25		%

Pension Plan Asset Allocation

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


				Percentage of Plan Assets as of December 31,
	Target Allocation	Fair Value of Plan Assets⁽¹⁾
								2019	2018
Asset Category
Equity securities	50 - 65%	$	54,800	59	%	61	%
Fixed income	25 - 55%	33,976		37	%	37	%
Cash equivalents	0 - 10%	3,514		4	%	2	%
Total		$	92,290	100	%	100	%

⁽¹⁾Additional information regarding the fair value of Pension Plan assets as of December 31, 2019 can be found in Note 22, "Fair Value."

The expected long-term rate of return on Pension Plan assets represents the average rate of return expected to be earned over the period the benefits included in the benefit obligation are to be paid. In developing the expected rate of return, the Company considers long-term returns based on historical market data and projections of future returns for each asset category, as well as historical actual returns on the Pension Plan assets with the assistance of its independent actuarial consultant. Using this reference data, the Company develops a forward-looking return expectation for each asset category and a weighted-average expected long-term rate of return based on the target asset allocation.

The investment objective of the Pension Plan is to maximize the return on Pension Plan assets over a long-term horizon to satisfy the Pension Plan obligations. In establishing its investment and asset allocation strategies, the Company considers expected returns and the volatility associated with different strategies. The investment strategies established by the Company's Retirement Plan Committee provide for growth of capital with a moderate level of volatility by investing assets according to the target allocations stated above and reallocating those assets as needed to stay within those allocations. Investments are weighted

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toward publicly traded securities. Investment strategies that include alternative asset classes, such as private equity hedge funds and real estate, are generally avoided.

The following table presents estimated future pension benefit payments under the Pension Plan for retirees already receiving benefits and future retirees, assuming they retire and begin receiving unreduced benefits as soon as they are eligible.

Estimated Future Pension Benefit Payments

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


Year ending December 31,
2020	$	8,478
2021	5,300
2022	5,872
2023	4,497
2024	4,977
2025-2028	20,844

18. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

The Company maintains various equity-based compensation plans in order to grant equity awards to certain key employees and non-employee directors.

Share-Based Plans

First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. 2018 Stock and Incentive Plan ("2018 Stock and Incentive Plan") – In May of 2018, the Company's stockholders approved the 2018 Stock and Incentive Plan, which succeeds the Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan ("Omnibus Plan") described below, under which the Company has ceased making new awards. The Company's stockholders authorized an additional 2,000,000 shares of the Company's common stock for award under the 2018 Stock and Incentive Plan, with the remaining shares eligible for issuance under the Omnibus Plan now being eligible for issuance under the 2018 Stock and Incentive Plan. The 2018 Stock and Incentive Plan allows for the grant of both incentive and non-statutory ("nonqualified") stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance shares, and performance units to certain key employees.

The Company's current equity compensation program for key employees includes restricted stock, restricted stock units, and performance shares. Both restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards vest over three years, with 50% vesting on the second anniversary of the grant date and the remaining 50% vesting on the third anniversary of the grant date, provided the employee remains employed by the Company during this period (subject to accelerated vesting under certain circumstances in the event of a change-in-control or upon certain terminations of employment, as set forth in the applicable award agreement). The fair value of the awards is determined based on the average of the high and low price of the Company's common stock on the grant date.

For participants who are granted performance shares, they may earn performance shares totaling between 0% and 200% of the number of performance shares granted based on achieving certain performance metrics. Performance shares may be earned based on achieving an internal metric (core return on average tangible common equity) and an external metric (relative total shareholder return) over a three year period. Each metric is weighted at 50% of the total award opportunity. If earned, and assuming continued employment, the performance shares will vest on the March 15th immediately following the end of the performance period. For awards granted before 2018, the performance shares will vest, assuming continued employment, one-third on the March 15th immediately following the end of the performance period, one-third on the following March 15th, and the remaining one-third on the second March 15th. The fair value of the performance shares that are dependent on the internal metric is determined based on the average of the high and low stock price on the grant date. An estimate is made as to the number of shares expected to vest as a result of actual performance against the internal metric to determine the amount of compensation expense to be recognized, which is re-evaluated quarterly. The fair value of the performance shares that are dependent on the external metric is determined using a Monte Carlo simulation model on the grant date.

Omnibus Plan – In 1989, the Board adopted the Omnibus Plan, which allowed for the grant of both incentive and nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance units, and other awards to certain key employees. Effective May 16, 2018, the Omnibus Plan has been succeeded by the 2018 Stock and Incentive Plan and the Company no longer makes awards under the Omnibus Plan. Shares eligible for issuance under the Omnibus Plan at the time the 2018 Stock and Incentive Plan was approved by the Company's stockholders were transferred to the 2018 Stock and Incentive Plan. All outstanding equity awards granted prior to the approval of the 2018 Stock and Incentive Plan will continue to be governed by the Omnibus Plan.

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Nonemployee Directors Stock Plan (the "Directors Plan") – In 1997, the Board adopted the Directors Plan, which provides for the grant of equity awards to non-management Board members. In 2008, the Company amended the Directors Plan to allow for the grant of restricted stock awards, among other items. Since 2015, non-management members receive fully vested shares of the Company's common stock rather than restricted stock.

The 2018 Stock and Incentive Plan, the Omnibus Plan, and the Directors Plan, and material amendments, were submitted to and approved by the stockholders of the Company. The Company issues treasury shares to satisfy the vesting of restricted stock, restricted stock units, and performance share awards.

Shares of Common Stock Available Under Share-Based Plans


	As of December 31, 2019
	Shares Authorized	Shares Available For Grant
2018 Stock and Incentive Plan⁽¹⁾	3,295,590	2,648,229
Directors Plan	481,250	102,989

⁽¹⁾The shares of the Company's common stock underlying all outstanding equity awards governed by the Omnibus Plan that are canceled, forfeited, or expire will be available for issuance under the 2018 Stock and Incentive Plan.

Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Unit, and Performance Share Awards

Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Unit, and Performance Share Award Transactions

(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)


	Year Ended December 31, 2019
	Restricted Stock/Unit Awards				Performance Shares
	Number of Shares/Units	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value		Number of Shares	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested awards beginning balance	947	$	23.32	468	$	19.88
Granted	497	23.04		146	23.04
Vested	(417)	21.13		(94)	21.13
Forfeited	(35)	24.20		(19)	24.20
Non-vested awards ending balance	992	$	24.03	501	$	20.40

In addition, non-management board members received, in the aggregate, 14,000 shares of common stock for both the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Other Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Unit, and Performance Share Award Information

(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)


	Years Ended December 31,
	2019		2018		2017
Weighted-average grant date fair value of restricted stock, restricted stock unit, and performance share awards granted during the year	$	23.04	$	24.96	$	24.71
Total fair value of restricted stock, restricted stock unit, and performance share awards vested during the year	13,092		10,870		13,760
Income tax benefit realized from the vesting/release of restricted stock, restricted stock unit, and performance share awards	2,920		2,970		4,007

No restricted stock, restricted stock unit, or performance share award modifications were made during the periods presented.

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Compensation Expense

The Company recognizes share-based compensation expense based on the estimated fair value of the award at the grant or modification date. Share-based compensation expense is included in salaries and wages in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Effect of Recording Share-Based Compensation Expense

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Years ended December 31,
	2019		2018		2017



Total share-based compensation expense⁽¹⁾	$	13,183	$	12,062	$	11,223
Income tax benefit	3,678		3,365		4,601
Share-based compensation expense, net of tax	$	9,505	$	8,697	$	6,622
Unrecognized compensation expense	$	14,299	$	13,982	$	13,266
Weighted-average amortization period remaining (in years)	1.1		1.2		1.3

⁽¹⁾Comprised of restricted stock, restricted stock unit, and performance share awards expense.

19. REGULATORY AND CAPITAL MATTERS

The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to various regulatory requirements that impose restrictions on cash, loans or advances, and dividends. The Bank is also required to maintain reserves against deposits. Reserves are held either in the form of vault cash or noninterest-bearing balances maintained with the FRB and are based on the average daily balances and statutory reserve ratios prescribed by the type of deposit account. Reserve balances totaling $135.4 million as of December 31, 2019 and $149.2 million as of December 31, 2018 were maintained in accordance with these requirements.

Under current Federal Reserve regulations, the Bank is limited in the amount it may loan or advance to First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. on an unconsolidated basis (the "Parent Company") and its non-bank subsidiaries. Loans or advances to a single subsidiary may not exceed 10%, and loans to all subsidiaries may not exceed 20%, of the Bank's capital stock and surplus. Loans from subsidiary banks to non-bank subsidiaries, including the Parent Company, are also required to be collateralized.

The principal source of cash flow for the Parent Company is dividends from the Bank. Various federal and state banking regulations and capital guidelines limit the amount of dividends that the Bank may pay to the Parent Company. Without prior regulatory approval and while maintaining its well-capitalized status, the Bank can initiate aggregate dividend payments in 2020 of $91.4 million plus its net profits for 2020, as defined by statute, up to the date of any such dividend declaration. Future payment of dividends by the Bank depends on individual regulatory capital requirements and levels of profitability.

The Company and the Bank are also subject to various capital requirements set up and administered by federal banking agencies. Under capital adequacy guidelines, the Company and the Bank must meet specific guidelines that involve quantitative measures given the risk levels of assets and certain off-balance sheet items calculated under regulatory accounting practices ("risk-weighted assets"). The capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators regarding components of capital and assets, risk weightings, and other factors.

The Federal Reserve, the primary regulator of the Company and the Bank, establishes minimum capital requirements that must be met by the Company and the Bank. As defined in the regulations, quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Company and the Bank to maintain minimum amounts and ratios of total capital to risk-weighted assets, Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets, common equity Tier 1 capital ("CET1") to risk-weighted assets, and Tier 1 capital to adjusted average assets. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements could result in actions by regulators that could have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial statements.

As of December 31, 2019, the Company and the Bank met all capital adequacy requirements. As of December 31, 2019, the Bank was "well-capitalized" under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. There are no conditions or events since that management believes would change the Bank's classification.

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The following table outlines the Company's and the Bank's measures of capital as of the dates presented and the capital guidelines established by the Federal Reserve for the Company and the Bank to be categorized as adequately capitalized and avoid limitations on certain distributions, as well as for the Bank to be categorized as "well-capitalized."

Summary of Regulatory Capital Ratios

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Actual					Adequately Capitalized				To Be Well-Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
	Capital		Ratio %	Capital		Ratio %	Capital		Ratio %
As of December 31, 2019
Total capital to risk-weighted assets:
First Midwest Bancorp, Inc.	$	1,843,597	12.96	$	1,493,672	10.500	N/A		N/A
First Midwest Bank	1,598,886		11.28	1,488,796		10.500	$	1,417,901	10.00
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets:
First Midwest Bancorp, Inc.	1,496,048		10.52	1,209,163		8.500	N/A		N/A
First Midwest Bank	1,489,664		10.51	1,205,215		8.500	1,134,320		8.00
CET1 to risk-weighted assets:
First Midwest Bancorp, Inc.	1,496,048		10.52	995,781		7.000	N/A		N/A
First Midwest Bank	1,489,664		10.51	992,530		7.000	921,635		6.50
Tier 1 capital to average assets:
First Midwest Bancorp, Inc.	1,496,048		8.81	679,365		4.000	N/A		N/A
First Midwest Bank	1,489,664		8.79	677,570		4.000	846,963		5.00
As of December 31, 2018
Total capital to risk-weighted assets:
First Midwest Bancorp, Inc.	$	1,626,489	12.62	$	1,273,103	9.875	N/A		N/A
First Midwest Bank	1,463,026		11.39	1,268,662		9.875	$	1,284,721	10.00
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets:
First Midwest Bancorp, Inc.	1,315,098		10.20	1,015,259		7.875	N/A		N/A
First Midwest Bank	1,359,607		10.58	1,011,718		7.875	1,027,777		8.00
CET1 to risk-weighted assets:
First Midwest Bancorp, Inc.	1,315,432		10.20	821,876		6.375	N/A		N/A
First Midwest Bank	1,359,607		10.58	819,009		6.375	835,068		6.50
Tier 1 capital to average assets:
First Midwest Bancorp, Inc.	1,315,098		8.90	591,293		4.000	N/A		N/A
First Midwest Bank	1,359,607		9.41	577,991		4.000	722,488		5.00

N/A – Not applicable.

In July of 2013, the Federal Reserve published final rules (the "Basel III Capital Rules") implementing the Basel III framework set forth by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (the "Basel Committee"). The phase-in period for the final rules began for the Company on January 1, 2015, and was completed on January 1, 2019.

Since full phase-in on January 1, 2019, the Basel III Capital Rules have required the Company and the Bank to maintain the following:

•A minimum ratio of CET1 to risk-weighted assets of at least 4.5%, plus a 2.5% "capital conservation buffer" (resulting in a minimum ratio of CET1 to risk-weighted assets of at least 7.0%).

•A minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets of at least 6.0%, plus the capital conservation buffer (resulting in a minimum Tier 1 capital ratio of 8.5%).

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•A minimum leverage ratio of 4.0%, calculated as the ratio of Tier 1 capital to average assets.

The Basel III Capital Rules also provide for a number of deductions from and adjustments to CET1 that were phased-in over a four-year period through January 1, 2019. In November of 2017, the federal bank regulators issued a final rule that retains certain existing transition provisions related to the capital treatment for certain deferred tax assets, mortgage servicing assets, investments in non-consolidated financial entities, and minority interests for banking organizations, such as the Company and the Bank, that are not subject to the advanced approaches framework (the "Transition Rule"). Under the Basel III Capital Rules, the effects of certain accumulated other comprehensive items are included for purposes of determining regulatory capital ratios; however, the Company and the Bank made a one-time permanent election to exclude these items.

In July of 2019, federal bank regulators adopted final rules intended to simplify the capital treatment for certain deferred tax assets, mortgage servicing assets, investments in non-consolidated financial entities and minority interests for banking organizations, such as the Company and the Bank, that are not subject to the advanced approaches framework (the "Capital Simplification Rules"). The Capital Simplification Rules and the rescission of the Transition Rule took effect for the Company as of January 1, 2020.

In December of 2017, the Basel Committee published standards that it described as the finalization of the Basel III post-crisis regulatory reforms (the standards are commonly referred to as "Basel IV"). Among other things, these standards revise the Basel Committee's standardized approach for credit risk (including the recalibration of risk weights and introducing new capital requirements for certain "unconditionally cancellable commitments," such as unused credit card lines of credit) and provide a new standardized approach for operational risk capital. Under the Basel framework, these standards will generally be effective on January 1, 2022, with an aggregate output floor phasing in through January 1, 2027. Under the current U.S. capital rules, operational risk capital requirements and a capital floor apply only to advanced approaches banking organizations and not to the Company or the Bank. The impact of Basel IV on the Company and the Bank will depend on the manner in which it is implemented by the federal bank regulators.

20. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES

In the ordinary course of business, the Company enters into derivative transactions as part of its overall interest rate risk management strategy. The significant accounting policies related to derivative instruments and hedging activities are presented in Note 1, "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies."

Cash Flow Hedges

As of December 31, 2019, the Company hedged $815.0 million of certain corporate variable rate loans using interest rate swaps through which the Company receives fixed amounts and pays variable amounts. The Company also hedged $1.1 billion of borrowed funds using forward starting interest rate swaps through which the Company receives variable amounts and pays fixed amounts. These transactions allow the Company to add stability to net interest income and manage its exposure to interest rate movements.

Forward starting interest rate swaps totaling $560.0 million began on various dates between February of 2017 and December of 2019, and mature between February of 2020 and September of 2022. The remaining forward starting interest rate swaps totaling $530.0 million begin on various dates between February of 2020 and February of 2021 and mature between February of 2022 and August of 2024. The weighted-average fixed interest rate to be paid on these interest rate swaps that have not yet begun was 2.13% as of December 31, 2019. These derivative contracts are designated as cash flow hedges.

Cash Flow Hedges

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31,
	2019			2018
Gross notional amount outstanding	$	1,905,000		$	2,280,000
Derivative asset fair value in other assets⁽¹⁾	727			6,889
Derivative liability fair value in other liabilities⁽¹⁾	(119)			(11,328)
Weighted-average interest rate received	1.88		%	2.12		%
Weighted-average interest rate paid	1.74		%	2.20		%
Weighted-average maturity (in years)	1.18			1.53

⁽¹⁾Certain cash flow hedges are transacted through a clearinghouse ("centrally cleared") and their change in fair value is settled by the counterparties to the transaction, which results in no fair value.

Changes in the fair value of cash flow hedges are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) on an after-tax basis and are subsequently reclassified to interest income or expense in the period that the forecasted hedged item impacts

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earnings. As of December 31, 2019, the Company estimates that $1.0 million will be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss as an increase to interest income over the next twelve months.

Other Derivative Instruments

The Company also enters into derivative transactions through capital market products with its commercial customers and simultaneously enters into an offsetting interest rate derivative transaction with third-parties. This transaction allows the Company's customers to effectively convert a variable rate loan into a fixed rate loan. Due to the offsetting nature of these transactions, the Company does not apply hedge accounting treatment. The Company's credit exposure on these derivative transactions results primarily from counterparty credit risk. The credit valuation adjustment ("CVA") is a fair value adjustment to the derivative to account for this risk. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company's credit exposure was fully secured by the underlying collateral on customer loans and mitigated through netting arrangements with third-parties; therefore, no CVA was recorded. Capital market products income related to commercial customer derivative instruments of $13.9 million, $7.7 million, and $8.2 million was recorded in noninterest income for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively.

Other Derivative Instruments

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31,
	2019		2018
Gross notional amount outstanding	$	4,340,384	$	3,085,226
Derivative asset fair value in other assets⁽¹⁾	61,709		25,168
Derivative liability fair value in other liabilities⁽¹⁾	(18,416)		(17,533)
Fair value of derivative⁽²⁾	18,856		18,013

⁽¹⁾Certain other derivative instruments are centrally cleared and their change in fair value is settled by the counterparties to the transaction, which results in no fair value.

⁽²⁾This amount represents the fair value if credit risk related contingent factors were triggered.

The Company occasionally enters into risk participation agreements with counterparty banks to transfer or assume a portion of the credit risk related to customer transactions. The amounts of these instruments were not material for any period presented. The Company had no other derivative instruments as of December 31, 2019 and 2018. The Company does not enter into derivative transactions for purely speculative purposes.

The following table presents the impact of derivative instruments on comprehensive income and the reclassification of gains (losses) from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net interest income for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, and 2017.

Cash Flow Hedge Accounting on Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Years Ended December 30,
	2019		2018		2017
Gains (losses) recognized in other comprehensive income
Interest rate swaps in interest income	$	13,236	$	18,776	$	11,150
Interest rate swaps in interest expense	(16,873)		(20,500)		(8,025)
Reclassification of gains (losses) included in net income
Interest rate swaps in interest income	$	3,975	$	2,611	$	5,159
Interest rate swaps in interest expense	(5,008)		(3,673)		(3,951)

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The following table presents the impact of derivative instruments on net interest income for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017.

Hedge Income

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Years Ended December 30,
	2019	2018	2017


Cash Flow Hedges
Interest rate swaps in interest income	3,975	2,611	5,159
Interest rate swaps in interest expense	(5,008)	(3,673)	(3,951)
Total cash flow hedges	(1,033)	(1,062)	1,208

Credit Risk

Derivative instruments are inherently subject to credit risk, which represents the Company's risk of loss when the counterparty to a derivative contract fails to perform according to the terms of the agreement. Credit risk is managed by limiting and collateralizing the aggregate amount of net unrealized losses by transaction, monitoring the size and the maturity structure of the derivatives, and applying uniform credit standards. Company policy establishes limits on credit exposure to any single counterparty. In addition, the Company established bilateral collateral agreements with derivative counterparties that provide for exchanges of marketable securities or cash to collateralize either party's net losses above a stated minimum threshold. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, these collateral agreements covered 100% of the fair value of the Company's outstanding derivatives. Derivative assets and liabilities are presented gross, rather than net, of pledged collateral amounts.

Certain derivative instruments are subject to master netting agreements with counterparties. The Company records these transactions at their gross fair values and does not offset derivative assets and liabilities in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. The following table presents the fair value of the Company's derivatives and offsetting positions as of December 31, 2019 and 2018.

Fair Value of Offsetting Derivatives

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31,

	2019						2018
	Assets		Liabilities		Assets		Liabilities
Gross amounts recognized	$	62,436	$	18,535	$	32,057	$	28,861
Less: amounts offset in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition	—		—		—		—
Net amount presented in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition⁽¹⁾	62,436		18,535		32,057		28,861
Gross amounts not offset in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition:
Offsetting derivative positions	(2,674)		(2,674)		(11,678)		(11,678)
Cash collateral pledged	—		(15,861)		(9,060)		(3,506)
Net credit exposure	$	59,762	$	—	$	11,319	$	13,677

⁽¹⁾Included in other assets or other liabilities in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company's derivative instruments generally contained provisions that require the Company's debt to remain above a certain credit rating by each of the major credit rating agencies or that the Company maintain certain capital levels. If the Company's debt were to fall below that credit rating or the Company's capital were to fall below the required levels, it would be in violation of those provisions, and the counterparties to the derivative instruments could terminate the swap transaction and demand cash settlement of the derivative instrument in an amount equal to the derivative liability fair value. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company was in compliance with these provisions.

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21. COMMITMENTS, GUARANTEES, AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES

Credit Commitments and Guarantees

In the normal course of business, the Company enters into a variety of financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk to meet the financing needs of its customers and to conduct lending activities, including commitments to extend credit as well as standby and commercial letters of credit. These instruments involve elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

Contractual or Notional Amounts of Financial Instruments

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31,
	2019		2018
Commitments to extend credit:
Commercial, industrial, and agricultural	$	1,852,040	$	1,729,286
Commercial real estate	296,053		296,882
Home equity	576,956		570,553
Other commitments⁽¹⁾	251,093		244,917
Total commitments to extend credit	$	2,976,142	$	2,841,638
Letters of credit	$	103,684	$	112,728

⁽¹⁾Other commitments includes installment and overdraft protection program commitments.

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend funds to a customer, subject to contractual terms and covenants. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses, variable interest rates, and fee requirements, when applicable. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash flow requirements.

In the event of a customer's non-performance, the Company's credit loss exposure is equal to the contractual amount of the commitments. The credit risk is essentially the same as extending loans to customers for the full contractual amount. The Company uses the same credit policies for credit commitments as its loans and minimizes exposure to credit loss through various collateral requirements.

Letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third-party. Letters of credit generally are contingent on the failure of the customer to perform according to the terms of the contract with the third-party and are often issued in favor of a municipality where construction is taking place to ensure the borrower adequately completes the construction. Commercial letters of credit are issued to facilitate transactions between a customer and a third-party based on agreed upon terms.

The maximum potential future payments guaranteed by the Company under letters of credit arrangements are equal to the contractual amount of the commitment. If a commitment is funded, the Company may seek recourse through the liquidation of the underlying collateral, including real estate, production plants and property, marketable securities, or receipt of cash.

As a result of the sale of certain 1-4 family mortgage loans, the Company is contractually obligated to repurchase early payment default loans or loans that do not meet underwriting requirements at recorded value. In accordance with the sales agreements, there is no limitation to the maximum potential future payments or expiration of the Company's recourse obligation. There were no material loan repurchases during the years ended December 31, 2019 or 2018.

Legal Proceedings

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22. FAIR VALUE

Fair value represents the amount expected to be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in its principal or most advantageous market in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In accordance with fair value accounting guidance, the Company measures, records, and reports various types of assets and liabilities at fair value on either a recurring or non-recurring basis in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Those assets and liabilities are presented below in the sections titled "Assets and Liabilities Required to be Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis" and "Assets and Liabilities Required to be Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis."

Other assets and liabilities are not required to be measured at fair value in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, but must be disclosed at fair value. See the "Fair Value Measurements of Other Financial Instruments" section of this note. Any aggregation of the estimated fair values presented in this note does not represent the value of the Company.

Depending on the nature of the asset or liability, the Company uses various valuation methodologies and assumptions to estimate fair value. GAAP provides a three-tiered fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy is defined as follows:

•Level 1 – Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

•Level 2 – Observable inputs other than level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar instruments, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

•Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. These inputs require significant management judgment or estimation, some of which use model-based techniques and may be internally developed.

Assets and liabilities are assigned to a level within the fair value hierarchy based on the lowest level of significant input used to measure fair value. Assets and liabilities may change levels within the fair value hierarchy due to market conditions or other circumstances. Those transfers are recognized on the date of the event that prompted the transfer. There were no transfers of assets or liabilities required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis between levels of the fair value hierarchy during the periods presented.

Assets and Liabilities Required to be Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The following table provides the fair value for assets and liabilities required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition by level in the fair value hierarchy.

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31, 2019										As of December 31, 2018
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets




Equity securities	$	23,703	$	13,400	$	—	$	19,658	$	11,148	$	—
Securities available-for-sale
U.S. treasury securities	34,075		—		—		37,767		—		—
U.S. agency securities	—		248,424		—		—		142,563		—
CMOs	—		1,557,671		—		—		1,315,209		—
MBSs	—		684,684		—		—		466,934		—
Municipal securities	—		234,431		—		—		227,187		—

Corporate debt securities	—		114,101		—		—		82,349		—

Total securities available-for-sale	34,075		2,839,311		—		37,767		2,234,242		—
Mortgage servicing rights ("MSRs")⁽¹⁾	—		—		5,858		—		—		6,730
Derivative assets⁽¹⁾	—		62,436		—		—		32,057		—
Liabilities
Derivative liabilities⁽²⁾	$	—	$	18,535	$	—	$	—	$	28,861	$	—

⁽¹⁾Included in other assets in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

⁽²⁾Included in other liabilities in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

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The following sections describe the specific valuation techniques and inputs used to measure financial assets and liabilities at fair value.

Equity Securities

The Company's equity securities consist primarily of community development investments and certain diversified investment securities held in a grantor trust for participants in the Company's nonqualified deferred compensation plan that are invested in money market and mutual funds. The fair value of certain community development investments is based on quoted prices in active markets or market prices for similar securities obtained from external pricing services or dealer market participants and is classified in level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. As of December 31, 2019, the fair value of certain community development investments totaling $5.0 million was based on the net asset value per share ("NAV") practical expedient and can be redeemed at any month end with 30 days notice. Since these investments are measured at fair value using the NAV practical expedient, they are not classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of the money market and mutual funds is based on quoted market prices in active exchange markets and is classified in level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.

Securities Available-for-Sale

The Company's securities available-for-sale are primarily fixed income instruments that are not quoted on an exchange, but may be traded in active markets. The fair values for these securities are based on quoted prices in active markets or market prices for similar securities obtained from external pricing services or dealer market participants and are classified in level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of U.S. treasury securities is based on quoted market prices in active exchange markets and is classified in level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. Quarterly, the Company evaluates the methodologies used by its external pricing services to estimate the fair value of these securities to determine whether the valuations represent an exit price in the Company's principal markets.

The Company liquidated all of its remaining CDOs during 2017. A rollforward of the carrying value of CDOs for the year ended December 31, 2017 is presented in the following table.

Carrying Value of CDOs

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Years Ended December 31,
	2017
Beginning balance	$	33,260
Additions	—
Change in other comprehensive income⁽¹⁾	14,421
Paydowns and sales	(47,681)
Ending balance	$	—

⁽¹⁾Included in unrealized holding gains (losses) in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.

Mortgage Servicing Rights

The Company services loans for others totaling $653.7 million and $627.3 million as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. These loans are owned by third-parties and are not included in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. The Company determines the fair value of MSRs by estimating the present value of expected future cash flows associated with the mortgage loans being serviced and classifies them in level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The following table presents the ranges of significant, unobservable inputs used by the Company to determine the fair value of MSRs as of December 31, 2019 and 2018.

Significant Unobservable Inputs Used in the Valuation of MSRs


	As of December 31,
	2019							2018
Prepayment speed	6.7	%	-	12.0%	6.5	%	-	13.5%
Maturity (months)	18		-	94	20		-	104
Discount rate	9.3	%	-	12.0%	9.5	%	-	12.0%

The impact of changes in these key inputs could result in a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement for MSRs. Significant increases in expected prepayment speeds and discount rates have negative impacts on the valuation. Higher maturity assumptions have a favorable effect on the estimated fair value.

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A rollforward of the carrying value of MSRs for the three years ended December 31, 2019 is presented in the following table.

Carrying Value of MSRs

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Years Ended December 31,
	2019		2018		2017
Beginning balance	$	6,730	$	5,894	$	6,120

New MSRs	1,228		1,080		673
Total (losses) gains included in earnings⁽¹⁾:
Changes in valuation inputs and assumptions	(1,559)		475		(41)
Other changes in fair value⁽²⁾	(541)		(719)		(858)
Ending balance⁽³⁾	$	5,858	$	6,730	$	5,894
Contractual servicing fees earned during the year⁽¹⁾	$	1,586	$	1,517	$	1,536
Total amount of loans being serviced for the benefit of others at the end of the year	653,656		627,323		607,016

⁽¹⁾Included in mortgage banking income in the Consolidated Statements of Income and related to assets held as of December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017.

⁽²⁾Primarily represents changes in expected future cash flows over time due to payoffs and paydowns.

⁽³⁾Included in other assets in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

Derivative Assets and Derivative Liabilities

The Company enters into interest rate swaps and derivative transactions with commercial customers. These derivative transactions are executed in the dealer market, and pricing is based on market quotes obtained from the counterparties. The market quotes were developed using market observable inputs, which primarily include LIBOR. Therefore, derivatives are classified in level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. For its derivative assets and liabilities, the Company also considers non-performance risk, including the likelihood of default by itself and its counterparties, when evaluating whether the market quotes from the counterparties are representative of an exit price.

Pension Plan Assets

Although Pension Plan assets are not consolidated in the Company's Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, they are required to be measured at fair value on an annual basis. The fair value of Pension Plan assets is presented in the following table by level in the fair value hierarchy.

Annual Fair Value Measurements for Pension Plan Assets

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31, 2019										As of December 31, 2018
	Level 1		Level 2		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Total
Pension plan assets:
Mutual funds⁽¹⁾	$	34,231	$	—	$	34,231	$	27,246	$	—	$	27,246
U.S. government and government agency securities	3,720		3,685		7,405		4,389		3,626		8,015
Corporate bonds	—		10,865		10,865		—		10,472		10,472
Common stocks	34,693		—		34,693		26,882		—		26,882
Common trust funds	N/A		N/A		5,096		N/A		N/A		3,595
Total pension plan assets	$	72,644	$	14,550	$	92,290	$	58,517	$	14,098	$	76,210

N/A – Not applicable for investments measured at fair value using net asset value ("NAV") as a practical expedient which are not classified in the fair value hierarchy.

⁽¹⁾Includes mutual funds, money market funds, cash, cash equivalents, and accrued interest.

Mutual funds, certain U.S. government agency securities, and common stocks are based on quoted market prices in active exchange markets and classified in level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. Corporate bonds and certain U.S. government and government agency securities are valued at quoted prices from independent sources that are based on observable market trades or observable prices for similar bonds where a price for the identical bond is not observable and, therefore, are classified in level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Common trust funds are valued at NAV on the last business day of the Pension Plan's year end, which is used as a practical expedient to estimate fair value. The NAV is based on the value of the underlying assets owned by the fund, minus its liabilities, divided by the number of units outstanding. Since these investments are measured at

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fair value using the NAV as a practical expedient, they are not classified in the fair value hierarchy. There were no Pension Plan assets classified in level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

Assets and Liabilities Required to be Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis

The following table provides the fair value for each class of assets and liabilities required to be measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition by level in the fair value hierarchy.

Non-Recurring Fair Value Measurements

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31, 2019										As of December 31, 2018
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Collateral-dependent impaired loans⁽¹⁾	$	—	$	—	$	41,326	$	—	$	—	$	24,565
OREO⁽²⁾	—		—		3,325		—		—		6,012
Loans held-for-sale⁽³⁾	—		—		36,032		—		—		3,478
Assets held-for-sale⁽⁴⁾	—		—		6,824		—		—		3,722

⁽¹⁾Includes impaired loans with charge-offs and impaired loans with a specific reserve during the periods presented.

⁽²⁾Includes OREO with fair value adjustments subsequent to initial transfer that occurred during the periods presented.

⁽³⁾Included in other assets in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

⁽⁴⁾Included in premises, furniture, and equipment in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

Collateral-Dependent Impaired Loans

Certain collateral-dependent impaired loans are subject to fair value adjustments to reflect the difference between the carrying value of the loan and the value of the underlying collateral. The fair values of collateral-dependent impaired loans are primarily determined by current appraised values of the underlying collateral. Based on the age and/or type, appraisals may be adjusted in the range of 0% to 15%. In certain cases, an internal valuation may be used when the underlying collateral is located in areas where comparable sales data is limited or unavailable. Accordingly, collateral-dependent impaired loans are classified in level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

Collateral-dependent impaired loans for which the fair value is greater than the recorded investment are not measured at fair value in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition and are not included in this disclosure.

OREO

The fair value of OREO is measured using the current appraised value of the properties. In certain circumstances, a current appraisal may not be available or may not represent an accurate measurement of the property's fair value due to outdated market information or other factors. In these cases, the fair value is determined based on the lower of the (i) most recent appraised value, (ii) broker price opinion, (iii) current listing price, or (iv) signed sales contract. Given these valuation methods, OREO is classified in level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

Loans Held-for-Sale

Loans held-for-sale consists of 1-4 family mortgage loans, which were originated with the intent to sell as of December 31, 2019 and 2018. These loans were recorded in the held-for-sale category at the contract price, which approximates fair value, and, accordingly, are classified in level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

Assets Held-for-Sale

As of December 31, 2019, assets held-for-sale consists of former branches that are no longer in operation and parcels of land previously purchased for expansion. These properties are being actively marketed and were transferred into the held-for-sale category at their fair value as determined by current appraisals. Based on these valuation methods, they are classified in level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Goodwill and other intangible assets are subject to annual impairment testing, which requires a significant degree of management judgment. If the testing had resulted in impairment, the Company would have classified goodwill and other intangible assets in level 3 of the fair value hierarchy as a non-recurring fair value measurement. Additional information regarding goodwill, other intangible assets, and impairment policies can be found in Note 1, "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies," and Note 10, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets."

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Financial Instruments Not Required to be Measured at Fair Value

For certain financial instruments that are not required to be measured at fair value in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, the Company must disclose the estimated fair values and the level within the fair value hierarchy as shown in the following table.

Fair Value Measurements of Other Financial Instruments

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


		As of December 31, 2019						As of December 31, 2018
	Fair Value Hierarchy Level	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value
Assets
Cash and due from banks	1	$	214,894	$	214,894	$	211,189	$	211,189
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks	2	84,327		84,327		78,069		78,069
Securities held-to-maturity	2	21,997		21,234		10,176		9,871
FHLB and FRB stock	2	115,409		115,409		80,302		80,302
Loans	3	12,733,200		12,535,848		11,346,668		11,052,040
Investment in BOLI	3	296,351		296,351		296,733		296,733
Accrued interest receivable	3	59,716		59,716		54,847		54,847
Other interest-earning assets	3	—		—		5		5
Liabilities
Deposits	2	$	13,251,278	$	13,247,871	$	12,084,112	$	12,064,604
Borrowed funds	2	1,658,758		1,658,758		906,079		906,079
Senior and subordinated debt	2	233,948		277,203		203,808		211,207
Accrued interest payable	2	10,502		10,502		10,005		10,005

Management uses various methodologies and assumptions to determine the estimated fair values of the financial instruments in the table above. The fair value estimates are made at a discrete point in time based on relevant market information and consider management's judgments regarding future expected economic conditions, loss experience, and specific risk characteristics of the financial instruments. Loans include the FDIC indemnification asset and net loans, which consists of loans held-for-investment, acquired loans, and the allowance for loan losses. As of both December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company estimated the fair value of lending commitments outstanding to be immaterial.

23. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

The Company, through the Bank, makes loans to and has transactions with certain of its directors and executive officers. All of these loans and transactions were made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral requirements, for comparable transactions with unrelated persons and did not involve more than the normal risk of collectability or present unfavorable features. For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, loans to directors and executive officers were not greater than 5% of stockholders' equity.

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24. CONDENSED PARENT COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The following represents the condensed financial statements of First Midwest Bancorp, Inc., the Parent Company.

Statements of Financial Condition

(Parent Company only)

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	As of December 31,
	2019		2018
Assets
Cash and due from banks	$	247,507	$	158,026
Investments in and advances to subsidiaries	2,360,467		2,091,158
Other assets	45,306		55,782
Total assets	$	2,653,280	$	2,304,966
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Senior and subordinated debt	$	233,948	$	203,808
Accrued interest payable and other liabilities	48,539		46,160
Stockholders' equity	2,370,793		2,054,998
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	2,653,280	$	2,304,966

Statements of Income

(Parent Company only)

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Years Ended December 31,
	2019		2018		2017
Income
Dividends from subsidiaries	$	236,137	$	86,095	$	74,091
Interest income	613		453		2,211

Securities transactions and other	23		280		(1,372)
Total income	236,773		86,828		74,930
Expenses
Interest expense	14,431		12,708		12,428
Salaries and employee benefits	13,903		22,430		20,978
Other expenses	11,384		9,440		9,126
Total expenses	39,718		44,578		42,532
Income before income tax benefit and equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries	197,055		42,250		32,398
Income tax benefit	10,609		13,299		14,851
Income before equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries	207,664		55,549		47,249
Equity in undistributed (loss) income of subsidiaries	(7,926)		102,321		51,138
Net income	199,738		157,870		98,387

Net income applicable to non-vested restricted shares	(1,681)		(1,312)		(916)
Net income applicable to common shares	$	198,057	$	156,558	$	97,471

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Statements of Cash Flows

(Parent Company only)

(Dollar amounts in thousands)


	Years Ended December 31,
	2019		2018		2017
Operating Activities
Net income	$	199,738	$	157,870	$	98,387
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Equity in undistributed loss (income) of subsidiaries	7,926		(102,321)		(51,138)
Depreciation of premises, furniture, and equipment	51		42		9
Net securities losses	—		—		1,523

Share-based compensation expense	13,183		12,062		11,223
Tax benefit related to share-based compensation	364		258		349
Net (increase) decrease in other assets	(67,330)		35,981		18,667
Net increase (decrease) in other liabilities	49,813		(17,942)		(52,377)
Net cash provided by operating activities	203,745		85,950		26,643
Investing Activities

Proceeds from sales and maturities of securities available-for-sale	—		—		42,516
Purchase of premises, furniture, and equipment	—		(61)		(119)
Net cash (paid) received for acquisitions	(19,966)		39		(47,364)

Net cash used in investing activities	(19,966)		(22)		(4,967)
Financing Activities



Repurchases of common stock	(33,928)		—		—
Cash dividends paid	(56,540)		(44,293)		(37,129)
Restricted stock activity	(3,830)		(4,421)		(3,952)
Net cash used in financing activities	(94,298)		(48,714)		(41,081)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	89,481		37,214		(19,405)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	158,026		120,812		140,217
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year	$	247,507	$	158,026	$	120,812
Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information:
Common stock issued for acquisitions, net of issuance costs	$	101,496	$	83,303	$	534,090

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ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

Not applicable.

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

As of the end of the period covered by this report (the "Evaluation Date"), the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company's management, including the Company's Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer and its Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15 and 15d-15 of the Exchange Act. Based on that evaluation, the Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer and Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer concluded that as of the Evaluation Date, the Company's disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms. There were no changes in the Company's internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2019 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act. The Company's internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance to the Company's management and Board regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Accordingly, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation.

Management assessed the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019. In making this assessment, management used the criteria set forth in "Internal Control – Integrated Framework" issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). Based on this assessment, management determined that the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019 is effective based on the specified criteria.

Ernst & Young LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited the Company's consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-K, has issued an attestation report on the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019. The report, which expresses an unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, is included in this Item under the heading "Attestation Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm."

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Attestation Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Stockholders of First Midwest Bancorp, Inc.

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited First Midwest Bancorp, Inc.'s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). In our opinion, First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. (the Company) maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated statements of financial condition of First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in stockholder's equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2019, and the related notes, of the Company and our report dated February 28, 2020 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

Basis for Opinion

The Company's management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all respects.

Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP

Chicago, Illinois

February 28, 2020

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ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

PART III

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The Company's executive officers are elected annually by the Board, and the Bank's executive officers are elected annually by the Bank's Board of Directors. Certain information regarding the Company's and the Bank's executive officers is set forth below.


Name (Age)	Position or Employment for Past Five Years	Executive Officer Since
Michael L. Scudder (59)	Chairman of the Company's Board of Directors since 2017; Chief Executive Officer of the Company since 2008 and President from 2008 to January of 2019; Chairman of the Bank's Board of Directors since 2011 and Vice Chairman from 2010 to 2011; Chief Executive Officer of the Bank since 2010 and prior thereto, President, Chief Operating Officer and various other senior management positions with the Bank.	2002
Mark G. Sander (61)	President of the Company since January of 2019, Senior Executive Vice President from 2011 to January of 2019, and Chief Operating Officer since 2011; President and Chief Operating Officer of the Bank since 2011; Vice Chairman of the Bank's Board of Directors since 2014; prior thereto, Executive Vice President and head of Commercial Banking for Associated Banc-Corp and its subsidiary, Associated Bank, from 2009 to 2011.	2011
Patrick S. Barrett (56)	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company and the Bank since 2017; prior thereto, Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer at Fulton Financial Corporation from 2014 to 2016; prior thereto, Chief Financial Officer of Wholesale Banking at SunTrust; prior thereto, in numerous leadership positions at JPMorgan Chase & Co., and before that, Partner in the Assurance Services practice of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu.	2017
Jo Ann Boylan (57)	Executive Vice President and Chief Information and Operations Officer of the Company and the Bank since 2016; prior thereto, Senior Vice President and Chief Technology Officer at MB Financial.	2016
Nicholas J. Chulos (60)	Executive Vice President, General Counsel, and Corporate Secretary of the Company and the Bank since 2012; prior thereto, Partner of Krieg DeVault, LLP.	2012
Kevin P. Geoghegan (60)	Executive Vice President and Chief Credit Officer of the Bank since April of 2019; prior thereto, Executive Vice President and Regional Credit Executive for PNC Financial Services since 2009.	2019
James P. Hotchkiss (63)	Executive Vice President and Treasurer of the Company and the Bank since 2004.	2004
Michael W. Jamieson (62)	Executive Vice President and Director of Commercial Banking of the Bank since 2016; prior thereto, Senior Vice President and Market Executive at Bank of America Merrill Lynch.	2016
Jeff C. Newcom (47)	Executive Vice President and Chief Risk Officer of the Company and the Bank since 2016; prior thereto, Chief Compliance and Enterprise Risk Management Officer at Fulton Financial Corporation since 2014; prior thereto, Associate Director at Protiviti.	2016
Thomas M. Prame (50)	Executive Vice President and Director of Consumer Banking of the Bank since 2016; prior thereto, Executive Vice President and Director of Retail Banking of the Bank since 2012; prior thereto, Executive Vice President, Sales and Service at RBS/Citizen's Bank.	2012
Angela L. Putnam (41)	Senior Vice President of the Company and Bank and Chief Accounting Officer of the Bank since 2014; prior thereto, Vice President and Financial Reporting Manager for the Company since 2013; prior thereto, Director in the Assurance Services practice of McGladrey LLP.	2015
R. Douglas Rose (51)	Executive Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer of the Company and the Bank since March of 2019; prior thereto, Senior Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer of Discover Financial Services since 2013.	2019
James V. Stadler (56)	Executive Vice President and Chief Marketing and Communications Officer of the Bank since 2018; prior thereto, Managing Partner at Schafer Condon Carter.	2018

Additional information required in response to this item will be contained in the Company's definitive proxy statement relating to its 2020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 20, 2020 and is incorporated herein by reference.

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ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The information required in response to this item will be contained in the Company's definitive proxy statement relating to its 2020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 20, 2020 and is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

The information required in response to this item, in addition to the information presented below under "Equity Compensation Plans," will be contained in the Company's definitive proxy statement relating to its 2020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 20, 2020 and is incorporated herein by reference.

Equity Compensation Plans

The following table sets forth information, as of December 31, 2019, relating to the Company's equity compensation plans, pursuant to which restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance shares, or other rights to acquire shares of the Company's common stock may be granted from time to time.


	Equity Compensation Plan Information
Equity Compensation Plan Category	Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants, and rights (a)	Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants, and rights (b)		Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans excluding securities reflected in column (a) (c)
Approved by security holders⁽¹⁾	575,449	$	23.89	2,751,218
Not approved by security holders⁽²⁾	5,885	17.96		—
Total	581,334	$	23.83	2,751,218

⁽¹⁾Includes all outstanding restricted stock, restricted stock unit, and performance share awards under the Company's 2018 Stock and Incentive Plan, the predecessor Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan and the Non-Employee Directors' Stock Plan (the "Plans"). Additional information and details about the Plans are also disclosed in Notes 1 and 18 of "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements" in Item 8 of this Form 10-K. Restricted stock, restricted stock units, and performance shares that do not vest or are not earned are added to the number of securities available for future issuance.

⁽²⁾Represents shares underlying deferred stock units credited under the Company's Nonqualified Retirement Plan ("NQ Plan"), payable on a one-for-one basis in shares of common stock.

The NQ Plan is a defined contribution deferred compensation plan under which participants are credited with deferred compensation equal to contributions and benefits that would have accrued to the participant under the Company's tax-qualified retirement plans, but for limitations under the Internal Revenue Code, and to amounts of salary and annual bonus that the participant elected to defer. Participant accounts are deemed to be invested in separate investment accounts under the NQ Plan with similar investment alternatives as those available under the Company's tax-qualified savings and profit sharing plan, including an investment account deemed invested in shares of common stock. The accounts are adjusted to reflect the investment return related to such deemed investments. Except for the 5,885 shares set forth in the table above, all amounts credited under the NQ Plan are paid in cash.

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND

DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

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PART IV

ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(a)(1) Financial Statements

The following consolidated financial statements of the Registrant and its subsidiaries are filed as a part of this document under Item 8, "FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA."

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.

Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of December 31, 2019 and 2018.

Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017.

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017.

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

(a)(2) Financial Statement Schedules

The schedules for the Registrant and its subsidiaries are omitted because of the absence of conditions under which they are required, or because the information is set forth in the consolidated financial statements or the notes thereto.

(a)(3) Exhibits

See Exhibit Index beginning on the following page.

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EXHIBIT INDEX



Exhibit Number						Description of Documents⁽¹⁾
3.1						Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 27, 2009.
3.2						Certificate of Amendment to Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 4, 2014.
3.3						Certificate of Amendment to Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 23, 2017.
3.4						Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Company is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 24, 2016.
4.1						Description of the Company's Securities Registered Under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
4.2						Form of Common Stock Certificate is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-3 (file no. 333-213587) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 12, 2016.
4.3						Certificate of Designations of Fixed Rate Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series B, of the Company, dated as of December 5, 2008, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 9, 2008.
4.4						Senior Debt Indenture, dated as of November 22, 2011, between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 22, 2011.
4.5						Subordinated Notes Indenture, dated as of September 29, 2016, between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 29, 2016.
4.6						First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of September 29, 2016, to the Subordinated Notes Indenture, dated as of September 29, 2016, between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 29, 2016.
4.7						Form of 5.875% Subordinated Notes due 2026 is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 29, 2016.




10.1						Form of Absolute Lease Agreement between First Midwest Bank and certain affiliates of Oak Street Real Estate Capital, LLC is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 13, 2016.
10.2⁽²⁾						First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. Short Term Incentive Compensation Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 28, 2012.
10.3⁽²⁾						First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. 2018 Stock and Incentive Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 17, 2018.
10.4⁽²⁾						First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Annex A to the Company's proxy statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 9, 2013.
10.5⁽²⁾						Amendment to the First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 12, 2014.
10.6⁽²⁾						First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. Amended and Restated Non-Employee Directors Stock Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 27, 2009.
10.7⁽²⁾						First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. Nonqualified Stock Option Gain Deferral Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 28, 2008.
10.8⁽²⁾						First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan for Nonemployee Directors is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 28, 2008.

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Exhibit Number						Description of Documents⁽¹⁾
10.9⁽²⁾						First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. Nonqualified Retirement Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 28, 2008.
10.10⁽²⁾						First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. Savings and Profit Sharing Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.33 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 12, 2014.
10.1 1⁽²⁾						Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement between the Company and certain officers of the Company pursuant to the First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. 2018 Stock and Incentive Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 9, 2019.
10.1 2⁽²⁾						Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement between the Company and certain officers of the Company pursuant to the First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. 2018 Stock and Incentive Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 9, 2019.
10.1 3⁽²⁾						Form of Performance Shares Award Agreement between the Company and certain officers of the Company pursuant to the First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. 2018 Stock and Incentive Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 9, 2019.
10.14⁽²⁾						Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement between the Company and certain officers of the Company pursuant to the First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. 2018 Stock and Incentive Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 1, 2019.
10.1 5⁽²⁾						Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement between the Company and certain officers of the Company pursuant to the First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. 2018 Stock and Incentive Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 1, 2019.
10.1 6⁽²⁾						Form of Performance Shares Award Agreement between the Company and certain officers of the Company pursuant to the First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 7, 2018.
10.1 7⁽²⁾						Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement between the Company and certain officers of the Company pursuant to the First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 4, 2016.
10.1 8⁽²⁾						Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement between the Company and certain officers of the Company pursuant to the First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 4, 2016.
10.1 9⁽²⁾						Form of Performance Shares Award Agreement between the Company and certain officers of the Company pursuant to the First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 4, 2016.
10.20⁽²⁾						Form of Performance Shares Award Agreement between the Company and certain officers of the Company pursuant to the First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.34 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 3, 2014.
10.21⁽²⁾						Employment Agreement, amended and restated as of January 18, 2019, between the Company and its Chief Executive Officer is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 1, 2019.
10.2 2⁽²⁾						Confidentiality and Restrictive Covenants Agreement, dated as of June 18, 2018, between the Company and its Chief Executive Officer is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 7, 2018.
10.23⁽²⁾						Employment Agreement, dated as of January 18, 2019, between the Company and its President and Chief Operating Officer is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 1, 2019.

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Exhibit Number						Description of Documents⁽¹⁾
10.2 4⁽²⁾						Confidentiality and Restrictive Covenants Agreement, dated as of January 18, 2019, between the Company and its President and Chief Operating Officer is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 1, 2019.
10.2 5⁽²⁾						Employment Agreement, dated as of December 21, 2016, between the Company and its Chief Financial Officer is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 28, 2017.
10.2 6⁽²⁾						Employment Agreement, dated as of August 29, 2016, between the Company and its Director of Commercial Banking is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 7, 2018.
10.2 7⁽²⁾						Employment Agreement, dated as of May 15, 2012, between the Company and its Director of Consumer Banking is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 3, 2012.
10.2 8⁽²⁾						Form of Class II Employment Agreement between the Company and certain of its executive officers is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.17 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with Securities and Exchange Commission on March 1, 2013.
10.2 9⁽²⁾						Form of Amendment to the Class II Employment Agreements between the Company and certain of its officers is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 1, 2013.
10.3 0						Form of Indemnification Agreement between the Company and certain directors, officers and employees of the Company is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 3, 2012.
10.31						Form of Confidentiality and Restrictive Covenants Agreement between the Company and certain officers of the Company is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.25 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 1, 2013.
11						Statement re: Computation of Per Share Earnings – The computation of basic and diluted earnings per common share is included in Note 14 of the Notes to the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.
21						Subsidiaries of the Company.
23						Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
31.1						Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2						Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1⁽³⁾						Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2⁽³⁾						Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS						XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document.
101.SCH						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104						Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and included in Exhibit 101)

⁽¹⁾Except as otherwise indicated, the Securities and Exchange Commission file number for all documents incorporated by reference is 0-10967.

⁽²⁾Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

⁽³⁾Furnished, not filed.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, hereunto duly authorized.

FIRST MIDWEST BANCORP, INC.

Registrant


By:	/s/ MICHAEL L. SCUDDER	February 28, 2020
	Michael L. Scudder
	Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in their capacities indicated on February 28, 2020.

Signatures


/s/ MICHAEL L. SCUDDER						Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
Michael L. Scudder
/s/ PATRICK S. BARRETT						Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, and Principal Accounting Officer
Patrick S. Barrett
/s/ BARBARA A. BOIGEGRAIN						Director
Barbara A. Boigegrain
/s/ THOMAS L. BROWN						Director
Thomas L. Brown


/s/ PHUPINDER S. GILL						Director
Phupinder S. Gill
/s/ KATHRYN J. HAYLEY						Director
Kathryn J. Hayley
/s/ PETER J. HENSELER						Director
Peter J. Henseler
/s/ FRANK B. MODRUSON						Director
Frank B. Modruson
/s/ ELLEN A. RUDNICK						Director
Ellen A. Rudnick
/s/ MARK G. SANDER						Director
Mark G. Sander
/s/ MICHAEL J. SMALL						Director
Michael J. Small
/s/ STEPHEN C. VAN ARSDELL						Director
Stephen C. Van Arsdell
/s/ J. STEPHEN VANDERWOUDE						Director
J. Stephen Vanderwoude

140

Exhibit 4.1

FIRST MIDWEST BANCORP, INC.

Description of Securities Registered Under Section 12 of the

Securities Exchange Act of 1934

The following description of the securities of First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. (“First Midwest”) is a summary, does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to First Midwest’s Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (the “Certificate of Incorporation”) and Amended and Restated By-Laws (the “By-Laws”), copies of which are incorporated by reference as Exhibits 3.1 through 3.4 to First Midwest’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 to which this Exhibit 4.1 is attached. For a complete description, refer to the Certificate of Incorporation, By-Laws and applicable provisions of relevant law, including applicable provisions of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware and federal law governing bank holding companies.

Pursuant to the Certificate of Incorporation, First Midwest is authorized to issue two hundred fifty million (250,000,000) shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, and one million (1,000,000) shares of preferred stock, without par value. As of December 31, 2019, First Midwest had one class of securities, its common stock, registered under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. As of December 31, 2019, First Midwest had no shares of preferred stock outstanding.

Because First Midwest is a holding company, the rights of First Midwest to participate in any distribution of assets of any subsidiary upon its liquidation or reorganization or otherwise (and thus the ability of First Midwest stockholders to benefit indirectly from such distribution) would be subject to the prior claims of creditors of that subsidiary, except to the extent that First Midwest itself may be a creditor of that subsidiary with recognized claims. Claims on First Midwest’s subsidiaries by creditors other than First Midwest will include substantial obligations with respect to deposit liabilities and purchased funds.

COMMON STOCK

Dividends

Subject to the rights of any series of preferred stock authorized by First Midwest’s board of directors as provided by the Certificate of Incorporation, holders of common stock are entitled to dividends as and when declared by the board of directors out of funds legally available for the payment of dividends.

Voting Rights

Each holder of First Midwest common stock has one vote for each share held on matters presented for consideration by the stockholders. Except as otherwise required by law or provided in any resolution adopted by First Midwest’s board of directors with respect to any series of preferred stock, the holders of common stock possess all voting power. The Certificate of Incorporation does not provide for cumulative voting in the election of directors.

Preemptive and Conversion Rights

Holders of First Midwest common stock have no preemptive rights and no right to convert their stock into any other securities.

Redemption and Sinking Fund

There are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to First Midwest common stock. Holders of the common stock will have no liability for further calls or assessments and will not be personally liable for the payment of First Midwest’s debts except as they may be liable by reason of their own conduct or acts.

Issuance of Stock

The Certificate of Incorporation authorizes First Midwest’s board of directors to authorize the issuance of shares of common stock without stockholder approval. However, the common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Stock Market, which requires stockholder approval of the issuance of additional shares of common stock under certain circumstances.

Liquidation Rights

In the event of liquidation or dissolution, subject to the rights of any outstanding series of preferred stock and creditors of First Midwest, holders of First Midwest common stock are entitled to share in all assets remaining for distribution to holders of common stock according to their interests therein.

Listing

First Midwest’s common stock is listed for trading on the Nasdaq Stock Market under the symbol “FMBI.”

PREFERRED STOCK

The Certificate of Incorporation authorizes the First Midwest board of directors to authorize the issuance of shares of First Midwest preferred stock without stockholder approval. The First Midwest board of directors is authorized to divide the preferred stock into series and, subject to applicable law, to fix for any series of preferred stock the number of shares of such series and the voting powers (if any), designations and preferences, priorities, qualifications, privileges, limitations, restrictions, options, conversion rights, dividend features, retirement features, liquidation features, redemption features and any other special or relative rights that may be desired for any such series. As of December 31, 2019, First Midwest had no shares of preferred stock outstanding. If and when any First Midwest preferred stock is issued, the holders of First Midwest preferred stock may have a preference over holders of First Midwest common stock in the payment of dividends, upon liquidation of First Midwest, in respect of voting rights and in the redemption of the capital stock of First Midwest.

CERTAIN ANTI-TAKEOVER MATTERS

The Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws include a number of provisions that may have the effect of encouraging persons considering unsolicited tender offers or other unilateral takeover proposals to negotiate with the board of directors rather than pursue non-negotiated takeover attempts. These provisions include the following:

Filling Vacancies on Board of Directors

Under the Certificate of Incorporation, any vacancy occurring in First Midwest’s board of directors will be filled by a majority vote of the remaining directors.

Advance Notice Requirements

The Certificate of Incorporation establishes procedures that stockholders must follow to nominate persons for election to First Midwest’s board of directors or make other proposals. Generally, the stockholder making the nomination or proposal must deliver a written notice to First Midwest’s secretary not less than 120 nor more than 180 days prior to the date of the meeting. The notice must contain certain information specified in the Bylaws.

Limitation on Ability of Stockholders to Call Special Meetings

The Certificate of Incorporation provides that special meetings of the stockholders may only be called by the board of directors, the chairman of the board or the president of First Midwest; provided that, a special meeting may be called by the holders of at least 51% of the voting power of the then outstanding shares of capital stock of First Midwest entitled to vote generally in the election of directors solely for the purpose of removing a director or directors for cause.

Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws

The Certificate of Incorporation provides that the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 80% of the outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote is required to alter, amend or repeal most provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation; provided, however, if any proposal to alter, amend or repeal any such provision is approved by 80% of the board of directors, then in such case only the affirmative vote as is required by law or as may otherwise be required by the Certificate of Incorporation of the outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote is required to alter, amend or repeal such provision. The Bylaws may be amended only upon the affirmative vote of a majority of all of the directors or upon the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 67% of the voting power of the then outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote.

Higher Vote for Certain Business Combinations

The Certificate of Incorporation also contains an “affiliated transaction provision.” The affiliated transaction provision provides that, notwithstanding any vote required by law or if no vote is required by law, a supermajority of at least 80% of all the votes that the holders of capital stock are entitled to cast shall be required for the approval of such transactions. Such supermajority approval would be required for:

•a merger or consolidation involving any “Interested Stockholder” (as defined below);

•a sale, lease, exchange, mortgage, pledge, transfer or other disposition of assets to or with an Interested Stockholder having an aggregate fair market value of $5 million or more; and

•certain transactions, including certain sales of securities to any Interested Stockholder, a plan of liquidation proposed by an Interested Stockholder or a reclassification of securities, recapitalization or other transaction that has the effect of increasing the proportionate holding of an Interested Stockholder.

For the purpose of the affiliated transaction provision, an “Interested Stockholder” includes any person or entity who directly or indirectly owns or controls 5% or more of First Midwest’s voting power. The supermajority approval requirement does not apply to any transaction that is either approved by a majority of disinterested directors or if certain pricing and procedural requirements are met.

Considerations for Board of Directors in Evaluation of Certain Acquisition Proposals

Pursuant to an offer to tender or exchange any First Midwest capital stock or enter into any agreement to merge or consolidate First Midwest or any of its subsidiaries with another person, in connection with the exercise of the board of directors’ judgment in determining First Midwest’s best interests and the best interests of its stockholders, the Certificate of Incorporation requires the board of directors to consider, in addition to the adequacy of the amount to be paid in connection with any such transaction, the following factors and any other factors it deems relevant:

•the social and economic effects of the transaction on First Midwest and its subsidiaries, including First Midwest’s employees, depositors, loan and other customers and creditors and those of its subsidiaries and the communities in which First Midwest and its subsidiaries operate or are located; and

•the business and financial condition and the earning prospects of any prospective acquiring person and the possible effect of such conditions on First Midwest and its subsidiaries and the communities in which First Midwest and its subsidiaries operate or are located; and

•the competence, experience, and integrity of any prospective acquiring person and its management.

Issuance of Preferred Stock to Deter Takeover Attempts

The Certificate of Incorporation provides the board of directors with as much flexibility as possible in using such shares for corporate purposes. However, these additional shares may also be used by the board of directors to deter future attempts to gain control of First Midwest. The board of directors has sole authority to determine the terms of any series of preferred stock, including voting rights, conversion rates and liquidation preferences. As a result of the ability to fix voting rights for a series of preferred stock, the board of directors has the power to issue a series of preferred stock to persons friendly to management. Such an issuance could be used by the board of directors in an attempt to block a post-tender offer merger or other transaction by which a third party seeks a change in control of First Midwest.

Exhibit 21

SUBSIDIARIES OF THE REGISTRANT

Subsidiary

State of Jurisdiction

of Organization

Type of Subsidiary

First Midwest Bank

Illinois

Corporation

First Midwest Capital Trust I

Delaware

Statutory Business Trust

Bridgeview Capital Trust II

Delaware

Statutory Business Trust

Bridgeview Statutory Trust I

Delaware

Statutory Business Trust

Great Lakes Statutory Trust II

Delaware

Statutory Business Trust

Great Lakes Statutory Trust III

Delaware

Statutory Business Trust

Northern Oak Wealth Management, Inc.

Wisconsin

Corporation

Northern States Statutory Trust I

Delaware

Statutory Business Trust

Premier Asset Management LLC

Illinois

Limited Liability Company

Exhibit 23

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the following Registration Statements:

•Registration Statement (Form S-3 No. 33-20439) pertaining to the First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan;

•Registration Statement (Form S-3 No. 333-213587) pertaining to the registration of First Midwest Bancorp, Inc.'s securities on a universal shelf registration statement;

•Registration Statement (Form S-4 No. 333-208781) pertaining to the registration of equity securities in connection with the acquisition of NI Bancshares Corporation;

•Registration Statement (Form S-4 No. 333-213532) pertaining to the registration of equity securities in connection with the acquisition of Standard Bancshares, Inc.;

•Registration Statement (Form S-4 No. 333-226506) pertaining to the registration of equity securities in connection with the acquisition of Northern States Financial Corporation;

•Registration Statement (Form S-4 No. 333-234242) pertaining to the registration of equity securities in connection with the acquisition of Bankmanagers Corp.;

•Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 33-25136) pertaining to the First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. Savings and Profit Sharing Plan;

•Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 33-42980) pertaining to the First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. 1989 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan;

•Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-42273) pertaining to the First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. 1989 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan;

•Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-61090) pertaining to the First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. 1989 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan;

•Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-159389) pertaining to the First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. 1989 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan;

•Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-168973) pertaining to the First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. Amended and Restated Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan;

•Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-227115) pertaining to the First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. 2018 Stock and Incentive Plan;

•Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-63097) pertaining to the First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. Nonqualified Retirement Plan;

•Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-63095) pertaining to the First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. Non-employee Directors' Stock Option Plan;

•Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-50140) pertaining to the First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. Non-employee Directors' 1997 Stock Option Plan; and

•Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-151072) pertaining to the First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. Amended and Restated Non-employee Directors Stock Plan.

of our reports dated February 28, 2020, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. included in this Annual Report (Form 10-K) of First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2019.

/s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP

Chicago, Illinois

February 28, 2020

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION

I, Michael L. Scudder, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of First Midwest Bancorp Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a.Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b.Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c.Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d.Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a.All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b.Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.


Date: February 28, 2020						/s/ MICHAEL L. SCUDDER
						Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION

I, Patrick S. Barrett, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of First Midwest Bancorp Inc.;

b.Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.


Date: February 28, 2020						/s/ PATRICK S. BARRETT
						Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION

Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, the undersigned officer of First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. (the "Company"), hereby certifies that:

1.The Company's Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 (the "Report") fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

/s/ MICHAEL L. SCUDDER

Name:

Michael L. Scudder

Title:

Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

Dated:

February 28, 2020

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATION

Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, the undersigned officer of First Midwest Bancorp, Inc. (the "Company"), hereby certifies that:

2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

/s/ PATRICK S. BARRETT

Name:

Patrick S. Barrett

Title:

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Dated:

February 28, 2020