UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

[x] 
   Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2015

or

[ ] 
   Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
 
For the transition period from _____  to _____

Commission File Number 000-19364
 
HEALTHWAYS, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

Delaware
 
62-1117144
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer  Identification No.)

701 Cool Springs Boulevard, Franklin, TN  37067
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)

615-614-4929
(Registrant's Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

 
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes
 
No
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

Yes
 
No
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
 
Large accelerated filer   
 
Accelerated filer
 
 
 
Non-accelerated filer  
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes
 
No

As of November 3, 2015, there were outstanding 36,039,083 shares of the registrant's common stock, par value $.001 per share ("common stock").

Healthways, Inc.
Form 10-Q
Table of Contents

 
 
 
Page
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

2

Part I

Item 1.
Financial Statements

HEALTHWAYS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)

ASSETS

 
 
September 30, 2015
   
December 31, 2014
 
Current assets:
       
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
1,765
   
$
1,765
 
Accounts receivable, net
   
123,926
     
126,559
 
Prepaid expenses
   
10,657
     
10,680
 
Other current assets
   
6,386
     
7,662
 
Income taxes receivable
   
1,529
     
2,917
 
Deferred tax asset
   
7,148
     
13,118
 
Total current assets
   
151,411
     
162,701
 
 
               
Property and equipment:
               
Leasehold improvements
   
39,020
     
39,285
 
Computer equipment and related software
    356,595      
316,808
 
Furniture and office equipment
   
23,214
     
23,257
 
Capital projects in process
   
24,905
     
38,389
 
 
   
443,734
     
417,739
 
Less accumulated depreciation
   
(282,511
)
   
(252,043
)
 
   
161,223
     
165,696
 
 
               
Other assets
   
26,231
     
75,550
 
Intangible assets, net
   
64,762
     
69,161
 
Goodwill, net
   
338,800
     
338,800
 
 
               
Total assets
 
$
742,427
   
$
811,908
 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
3

HEALTHWAYS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
(Unaudited)

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

 
 
September 30, 2015
   
December 31, 2014
 
Current liabilities:
       
Accounts payable
 
$
37,951
   
$
37,204
 
Accrued salaries and benefits
   
19,174
     
24,198
 
Accrued liabilities
   
54,819
     
62,674
 
Deferred revenue
   
7,984
     
8,282
 
Contract billings in excess of earned revenue
   
15,172
     
15,232
 
Current portion of long-term debt
   
23,622
     
20,613
 
Current portion of long-term liabilities
   
3,390
     
2,127
 
Total current liabilities
   
162,112
     
170,330
 
 
               
Long-term debt
   
228,277
     
231,112
 
Long-term deferred tax liability
   
19,291
     
32,883
 
Other long-term liabilities
   
36,661
     
72,993
 
 
               
Stockholders' equity:
               
Preferred stock $.001 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized, none outstanding
   
     
 
Common stock $.001 par value, 120,000,000 shares authorized, 36,022,426 and 35,511,221 shares outstanding, respectively
   
36
     
35
 
Additional paid-in capital
   
298,969
     
292,346
 
Retained earnings
   
29,086
     
42,439
 
Treasury stock, at cost, 2,254,953 shares in treasury
   
(28,182
)
   
(28,182
)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
   
(4,440
)
   
(2,048
)
Total Healthways, Inc. stockholders' equity
   
295,469
     
304,590
 
Non-controlling interest
   
617
     
 
Total stockholders' equity
   
296,086
     
304,590
 
 
               
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
 
$
742,427
   
$
811,908
 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

4

HEALTHWAYS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(In thousands, except earnings per share data)
(Unaudited)

 
 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
   
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
 
 
2015
   
2014
   
2015
   
2014
 
Revenues
 
$
196,382
   
$
185,656
   
$
584,317
   
$
543,047
 
Cost of services (exclusive of depreciation and amortization of $9,864, $9,392, $29,205, and $28,368, respectively, included below)
   
159,053
     
148,950
     
479,147
     
443,574
 
Selling, general and administrative expenses
   
14,467
     
15,756
     
51,644
     
49,086
 
Depreciation and amortization
   
12,238
     
13,378
     
37,099
     
40,250
 
Restructuring and related charges
   
1,752
     
     
1,752
     
 
Legal settlement charges
9,363
 
                               
Operating income
   
8,872
     
7,572
     
14,675
     
774
 
Interest expense
   
4,433
     
4,574
     
13,485
     
13,472
 
Equity in loss from joint ventures
    (19,602 )      
      (20,443 )      
 
                                 
Income (loss) before income taxes
   
(15,163
)      
2,998
 
   
(19,253
)
   
(12,698
)
Income tax expense (benefit)
   
(6,020
)      
1,025
 
   
(7,313
)
   
(4,559
)
 
                               
Net income (loss)
 
$
(9,143
)    
$
1,973
 
 
$
(11,940
)
 
$
(8,139
)
Less: net loss attributable to non-controlling interest
   
(117
)
   
     
(420
)
   
 
Net income (loss) attributable to Healthways, Inc.
  $
(9,026
)     $
1,973
 
  $
(11,520
)
  $
(8,139
)
                                 
Earnings (loss) per share attributable to Healthways, Inc.:
                               
Basic
 
$
(0.25
)    
$
0.06
 
 
$
(0.32
)
 
$
(0.23
)
 
                               
Diluted (1)
 
$
(0.25
)    
$
0.05
 
 
$
(0.32
)
 
$
(0.23
)
 
                               
Comprehensive income (loss)
 
$
(10,442
 
$
849
 
 
$
(14,494
)
 
$
(8,853
)
Comprehensive loss attributable to non-controlling interest
   
(284
)
   
     
(582
)
   
 
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Healthways, Inc.
  $
(10,158
)     $
849
 
  $
(13,912
)
  $
(8,853
)
 
                               
Weighted average common shares and equivalents:
                               
Basic
   
35,939
     
35,351
     
35,756
     
35,263
 
Diluted (1)
   
35,939
     
36,477
     
35,756
     
35,263
 

(1) The impact of potentially dilutive securities for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 and the nine months ended September 30, 2014 was not considered because the effect would be anti-dilutive in each of those periods.

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

5

HEALTHWAYS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)

   
Preferred Stock
   
Common Stock
   
Additional Paid-in Capital
   
Retained Earnings
   
Treasury Stock
   
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
   
Non-controlling interest
   
Total
 
Balance, December 31, 2014
 
$
    $
35
    $
292,346
    $
42,439
    $
(28,182
)
  $
(2,048
)
  $
    $
304,590
 
                                                                 
Net loss attributable to Healthways, Inc.
   
     
     
     
(11,520
)
   
     
     
     
(11,520
)
                                                                 
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest
   
     
     
     
     
     
     
(420
)
   
(420
)
                                                                 
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax:
                                                               
                                                                 
Net change in fair value of interest rate swaps, net of income tax benefit of $60
   
     
     
     
     
     
(15
)
   
     
(15
)
                                                                 
Foreign currency translation adjustment
   
     
     
     
     
     
(2,377
)
   
(162
   
(2,539
)
                                                                 
Total other comprehensive loss
   
     
     
     
     
     
(2,392
)
   
(162
   
(2,554
)
                                                                 
Total comprehensive loss
   
     
     
     
(11,520
)
   
     
(2,392
)
   
(582
)
   
(14,494
)
                                                                 
Exercise of stock options 
   
     
1
     
2,463
     
     
     
     
     
2,464
 
                                                                 
Repurchase of common stock
   
     
     
     
(1,833
)
   
     
     
     
(1,833
)
                                                                 
Tax effect of stock options and restricted stock units
   
     
     
(5,231
)
   
     
     
     
     
(5,231
)
                                                                 
Share-based employee compensation expense
   
     
     
7,539
     
     
     
     
     
7,539
 
                                                                 
Issuance of CareFirst Warrants
   
     
     
1,436
     
     
     
     
     
1,436
 
                                                                 
Proceeds from non-controlling interest
   
     
     
416
     
     
     
     
1,199
     
1,615
 
                                                                 
Balance, September 30, 2015
 
$
    $
36
    $
298,969
    $
29,086
    $
(28,182
)
  $
(4,440
)
  $
617
   
296,086
 
 
See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

6

HEALTHWAYS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)

 
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
 
2015
   
2014
 
Cash flows from operating activities:
       
Net loss
 
$
(11,940
)
 
$
(8,139
)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash flows provided by operating activities:
               
Depreciation and amortization
   
37,099
     
40,250
 
Amortization of deferred loan costs
   
1,481
     
1,390
 
Amortization of debt discount
   
5,308
     
5,018
 
Share-based employee compensation expense
   
7,539
     
5,867
 
Equity in loss from joint ventures
    20,443      
 
Deferred income taxes
   
(8,046
)
   
(6,464
)
Excess tax benefits from share-based payment arrangements
   
     
(340
)
Decrease (increase) in accounts receivable, net
   
1,828
     
(25,482
)
Decrease in other current assets
   
558
 
   
1,867
 
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable
   
1,281
     
(7,591
)
Decrease in accrued salaries and benefits
   
(6,518
)
   
(3,404
)
(Decrease) increase in other current liabilities
   
(7,216
)
   
20,561
 
Other
   
(2,990
)      
8,786
 
Net cash flows provided by operating activities
   
38,827
     
32,319
 
 
               
Cash flows from investing activities:
               
Acquisition of property and equipment
   
(26,390
)
   
(31,927
)
Investment in joint ventures
   
(6,075
)
   
(5,425
)
Other
   
(851
)
   
(893
)
Net cash flows used in investing activities
   
(33,316
)
   
(38,245
)
 
               
Cash flows from financing activities:
               
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt
   
461,456
     
350,750
 
Payments of long-term debt
   
(468,334
)
   
(357,962
)
Deferred loan costs
   
     
(88
)
Excess tax benefits from share-based payment arrangements
   
     
340
 
Exercise of stock options
   
2,464
     
1,498
 
Repurchase of common stock
   
(1,833
)
   
 
Proceeds from non-controlling interest
   
1,615
     
 
Change in cash overdraft and other
   
1,005
     
11,221
 
Net cash flows (used in) provided by financing activities
   
(3,627
)
   
5,759
 
                 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
   
(1,884
)
   
(709
                 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
   
     
(876
)
                 
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
   
1,765
     
2,584
 
               
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
  $
1,765
    $
1,708
 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
 
7

HEALTHWAYS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

(1)
Basis of Presentation

Our financial statements and accompanying notes are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States ("U.S. GAAP").  In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated financial statements of Healthways, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, "Healthways," the "Company," or such terms as "we," "us," or "our") reflect all adjustments consisting of normal, recurring accruals necessary for a fair statement. We have reclassified certain items in prior periods to conform to current classifications.

We have omitted certain financial information that is normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP but that is not required for interim reporting purposes. You should read the accompanying consolidated financial statements in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014.
 
On March 11, 2015, we formed a joint venture with SulAmérica, one of the largest independent insurers in Brazil, to sell total population health services to the Brazilian market. With its contribution, SulAmérica acquired a 49% interest in the joint venture, Healthways Brasil Servicos De Consultoria LTDA ("Healthways Brazil"). We have determined that our interest in Healthways Brazil represents a controlling financial interest and, therefore, have consolidated the financial statements of Healthways Brazil and have presented a noncontrolling interest for the portion owned by SulAmérica.
 
(2)
Recent Accounting Standards
 
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2014-9, which creates FASB Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 606, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers" ("ASC Topic 606") and supersedes ASC Topic 605, "Revenue Recognition." The provisions of ASC Topic 606 provide for a single comprehensive principles-based standard for the recognition of revenue across all industries and expanded disclosure about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue, as well as certain additional quantitative and qualitative disclosures. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those years. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting ASC Topic 606.
 
In June 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-12, "Accounting for Share-Based Payments When the Terms of an Award Provide That a Performance Target Could Be Achieved after the Requisite Service Period" ("ASU 2014-12").  ASU 2014-12 requires that a performance target that affects vesting and that could be achieved after the requisite service period be treated as a performance condition.    As such, the performance target should not be reflected in estimating the grant-date fair value of the award. Compensation cost should be recognized in the period in which it becomes probable that the performance target will be achieved and should represent the compensation cost attributable to the period(s) for which the requisite service has already been rendered. ASU 2014-12 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015, including interim periods within those annual periods, with earlier adoption permitted. The adoption of ASU 2014-12 is not expected to have a material effect on our financial position or results of operations.
 
In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-03, "Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs ("ASU 2015-03"),  which requires that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the related debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. This ASU is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015, including interim periods within those years, and should be applied on a retrospective basis to all periods presented. The adoption of ASU 2015-03 is not expected to have a material impact on our results of operations or cash flows but will result in debt issuance costs being presented as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the related debt liability rather than as an asset.
8

(3) Share-Based Compensation

We currently have five types of share-based awards outstanding to our employees and directors: stock options, restricted stock units, restricted stock, market stock units and performance-based stock units. We believe that our share-based awards align the interests of our employees and directors with those of our stockholders.

We estimate share-based compensation expense based on the number of awards expected to vest, after consideration of expected forfeitures and estimated vesting of performance-based stock units. We recognize share-based compensation expense for the market stock units if the requisite service period is rendered, even if the market condition is never satisfied. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, we recognized share-based compensation costs of $1.7 million and $7.5 million , respectively, which included the acceleration of vesting in May 2015 of all unexercisable stock options and unvested time-based restricted stock units held by our former president and chief executive officer at the time of the termination of his employment.  For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, we recognized share-based compensation costs of $2.3 million and $5.9 million, respectively.  
 
A summary of our stock options as of Septemb er 30, 2015 and changes during the nine months then ended is presented below:

 
 
Shares
(000s)
   
Weighted-Average
Exercise Price
   
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term
(years)
   
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
($000s)
 
Options
 
   
   
   
 
Outstanding at January 1, 2015
   
3,564
   
$
13.01
   
   
 
Granted
   
     
   
   
 
Exercised
   
(900
)
   
10.08
   
   
 
Forfeited
   
(100
)
   
11.42
   
   
 
Expired
   
(396
)
   
18.26
   
   
 
Outstanding at September 30, 2015
   
2,168
     
13.35
     
5.80
     $
1,570
 
Exercisable at September 30, 2015
   
1,520
   
$
13.74
     
5.23
     $
1,119
 
 
There were no stock options granted during the three or nine months ended September 30, 2015.
 
The following table shows a summary of our restricted stock and restricted stock units as of September 30, 2015, as well as activity during the nine months then ended:

   
Restricted Stock and
Restricted Stock Units
 
 
 
Shares
(000s)
   
Weighted-
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
 
Nonvested at January 1, 2015
   
1,047
   
$
13.15
 
Granted
   
896
     
12.44
 
Vested
   
(327
)
   
13.04
 
Forfeited
   
(161
)
   
13.38
 
Nonvested at September 30, 2015
   
1,455
   
$
12.74
 
 
Market stock units granted during the three months ended September 30, 2015 have a multi-year performance period ending in 2018 and vest three years from the grant date. Performance-based stock units have a multi-year performance period ending on December 31, 2015 and vest four years from the grant date.
 
The following table shows a summary of our market stock units and performance-based stock units as of September 30, 2015, as well as activity during the nine months then ended:
9

 
 
Performance -Based Stock Units
   
Market Stock Units
 
 
 
Shares
(000s)
   
Weighted-
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
   
Shares
(000s)
   
Weighted-
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
 
Nonvested at January 1, 2015
   
341
   
$
14.77
     
   
$
 
Granted
   
     
     
108
     
11.75
 
Vested
   
 
   
     
     
 
Forfeited
   
(28
)
   
14.74
     
     
 
Nonvested at September 30, 2015
   
313
   
$
14.77
      108    
$
11.75
 
 
At the end of each reporting period, we estimate the number of performance-based stock units expected to vest based on the probability that the related performance objectives will be met. As of September 30, 2015, none of the outstanding performance-based stock units are expected to vest.
 
(4) Income Taxes

For the three months ended September 30, 2015, we had an effective tax benefit rate of 39.7%, compared to an effective income tax rate of 34.2% for the three months ended September 30, 2014.  For the nine months ended September 30, 2015, we had an effective tax benefit rate of 38.0% compared to 35.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2014. The change in the effective rates was primarily due to the smaller base of pre-tax income (loss) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014 compared to the same periods in 2015 in relation to certain unrecognized tax benefits and non-deductible expenses.
 
We file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state and foreign jurisdictions.  Tax years remaining subject to examination in these major jurisdictions include 2012 to present.
 
(5) Long-Term Debt
 
The Company's long-term debt consists of the following at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014:
 
(In thousands)
 
September 30, 2015
   
December 31, 2014
 
Cash Convertible Notes, net of unamortized discount
 
$
128,456
   
$
123,148
 
CareFirst Convertible Note
   
20,000
     
20,000
 
Fifth Amended Credit Agreement:
               
Term Loan
   
85,000
     
97,500
 
Revolver
   
12,300
     
4,950
 
Capital lease obligations and other
   
6,143
     
6,127
 
 
   
251,899
     
251,725
 
Less: current portion
   
(23,622
)
   
(20,613
)
 
 
$
228,277
   
$
231,112
 
 
1.50% Cash Convertible Senior Notes Due 2018

On July 16, 2013, we completed the issuance of $150.0 million aggregate principal amount of cash convertible senior notes due 2018 (the "Cash Convertible Notes"), which bear interest at a rate of 1.50% per year, payable semiannually in arrears on January 1 and July 1 of each year, beginning on January 1, 2014. The Cash Convertible Notes will mature on July 1, 2018, unless earlier repurchased or converted into cash in accordance with their terms prior to such date. At the option of the holders, the Cash Convertible Notes are convertible into cash based on the conversion rate set forth below only upon occurrence of certain triggering events as defined in the Indenture dated as of July 8, 2013 by and between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, none of which had occurred as of September 30, 2015. Accordingly, we have classified the Cash Convertible Notes as long-term debt at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014. The Cash Convertible Notes are not convertible into our common stock or any other securities under any circumstances. The initial cash conversion rate is approximately 51.38 shares of our common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Cash Convertible Notes (equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $19.46 per share of common stock). The Cash Convertible Notes are our senior unsecured obligations and rank senior in right of payment to any of our indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the Cash Convertible Notes. As a result of this transaction, we recognized deferred loan costs of approximately $3.9 million, which are being amortized over the term of the Cash Convertible Notes using the effective interest method.
10


The cash conversion feature of the Cash Convertible Notes (the "Cash Conversion Derivative") requires bifurcation from the Cash Convertible Notes in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and is recorded in other long-term liabilities as a derivative liability and carried at fair value. The fair value of the Cash Conversion Derivative at the time of issuance of the Cash Convertible Notes was $36.8 million, which was recorded as a debt discount for purposes of accounting for the debt component of the Cash Convertible Notes. The debt discount is being amortized over the term of the Cash Convertible Notes using the effective interest method. For the nine months ended September 30, 2015, we recorded $5.3 million of interest expense related to the amortization of the debt discount based upon an effective interest rate of 5.7%. The net carrying amount of the Cash Convertible Notes at September 30, 2015 was $128.5 million, net of the unamortized discount of $21.5 million.

In connection with the issuance of the Cash Convertible Notes, we entered into privately negotiated convertible note hedge transactions (the "Cash Convertible Notes Hedges"), which are cash-settled and are intended to reduce our exposure to potential cash payments that we would be required to make if holders elect to convert the Cash Convertible Notes at a time when our stock price exceeds the conversion price. The initial cost of the Cash Convertible Notes Hedges was $36.8 million. The Cash Convertible Notes Hedges are recorded in other assets as a derivative asset under FASB ASC Topic 815 and are carried at fair value.  See Note 7 for additional information regarding the Cash Convertible Notes Hedges and the Cash Conversion Derivative and their fair values as of September 30, 2015.
 
In July 2013, we also sold separate privately negotiated warrants (the "Warrants") initially relating, in the aggregate, to a notional number of shares of our common stock underlying the Cash Convertible Notes Hedges. The Warrants have an initial strike price of approximately $25.95 per share, which effectively increases the conversion price of the Cash Convertible Notes to a 60% premium to our stock price on July 1, 2013. The Warrants will be net share settled by issuing a number of shares of our common stock per Warrant corresponding to the excess of the market price per share of our common stock (as measured on each warrant exercise date under the terms of the Warrants) over the applicable strike price of the Warrants. The Warrants meet the definition of derivatives under the guidance in ASC Topic 815; however, because these instruments have been determined to be indexed to our own stock and meet the criteria for equity classification under ASC Topic 815-40, the Warrants have been accounted for as an adjustment to our additional paid-in-capital.

If the market value per share of our common stock exceeds the strike price of the Warrants, the Warrants will have a dilutive effect on net income per share, and the "treasury stock" method will be used in calculating the dilutive effect on earnings per share.

  CareFirst Convertible Note

On October 1, 2013, we entered into an Investment Agreement (the "Investment Agreement") with CareFirst Holdings, LLC ("CareFirst"), which is in addition to certain existing commercial agreements between us and CareFirst relating to, among other things, disease management and care coordination services (the "Commercial Agreements"). Pursuant to the Investment Agreement, we issued to CareFirst a convertible subordinated promissory note in the aggregate original principal amount of $20 million (the "CareFirst Convertible Note") for a purchase price of $20 million. The CareFirst Convertible Note bears interest at a rate of 4.75% per year, payable quarterly in arrears on March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31 of each calendar year, beginning on December 31, 2013. The CareFirst Convertible Note may be prepaid only under limited circumstances and upon the terms and conditions specified therein. If the CareFirst Convertible Note has not been fully converted or redeemed in accordance with its terms, it will mature on October 1, 2019.  The CareFirst Convertible Note is subordinate in right of payment to the prior payment in full of (a) all of our indebtedness under the Fifth Amended Credit Agreement (as defined below), and (b) any other of our senior debt, which currently includes only the Cash Convertible Notes.
 
The CareFirst Convertible Note is convertible into shares of our common stock at the conversion rate determined by dividing (a) the sum of the portion of the principal to be converted and accrued and unpaid interest with respect to such principal by (b) the conversion price equal to $22.41 per share of our common stock.  The conversion price is subject to adjustment for stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations, reorganizations, reclassifications and similar events.
 
CareFirst has an opportunity to earn warrants to purchase shares of our common stock ("CareFirst Warrants") based on achievement of certain quarterly thresholds (the "Revenue Thresholds") for revenue derived from both the Commercial Agreements and from new business to us from third parties as a result of an introduction or referral to us by CareFirst (collectively, the "Quarterly Revenue").  If the Quarterly Revenue is greater than or equal to the applicable Revenue Threshold for any quarter ending on or prior to September 30, 2017, then we will issue to CareFirst a certain number of warrants exercisable for the number of shares of our common stock ("CareFirst Warrant Shares") determined in accordance with the terms of the Investment Agreement unless (i) CareFirst elects to receive a cash payment in accordance with the terms of the Investment Agreement or (ii) there is a change of control. The aggregate number of CareFirst Warrant Shares in any single 12-month period beginning on October 1, 2013 cannot exceed 400,000, and the aggregate number of CareFirst Warrant Shares issuable pursuant to the Investment Agreement cannot exceed 1,600,000. As of September 30, 2015, we had issued CareFirst Warrant Shares totaling 432,061 at a weighted average exercise price of $17.42. These CareFirst Warrants may have a dilutive effect on net income per share, and the "treasury stock" method is used in calculating the dilutive effect on earnings per share.
11

Also on October 1, 2013, in connection with the execution of the Investment Agreement, we entered into a Registration Rights Agreement with CareFirst, pursuant to which we agreed to use commercially reasonable efforts to cause any registration statement covering an underwritten offering of our common stock for our own account or for the account of any holder of our common stock (other than a registration statement on Form S-4 or Form S-8 or any successor thereto) to include those registrable common shares that any holder of such registrable common shares has requested to be registered. 

The term of the Investment Agreement expires on the earlier of (a) December 31, 2017 and (b) the first date on which no Commercial Agreement is in effect.
 
Credit Facility

On June 8, 2012, we entered into the Fifth Amended and Restated Revolving Credit and Term Loan Agreement   (as amended, the "Fifth Amended Credit Agreement") .  As amended in October 2015 and further described below, the Fifth Amended Credit Agreement provides us with a $125.0 million revolving credit facility that expires on June 8, 2017 and includes a swingline sub facility of $20.0 million and a $75.0 million sub facility for letters of credit.  The Fifth Amended Credit Agreement also provides a $200.0 million term loan facility that matures on June 8, 2017, $85.0  million of which remained outstanding at September 30, 2015, and an uncommitted incremental accordion facility of $100.0  million.
 
Borrowings under the Fifth Amended Credit Agreement generally bear interest at variable rates based on a margin or spread in excess of either (1) the one-month, two-month, three-month or six-month rate (or with the approval of affected lenders, nine-month or twelve-month rate) for Eurodollar deposits ("LIBOR") or (2) the greatest of (a) the SunTrust Bank prime lending rate, (b) the federal funds rate plus 0.50%, and (c) one-month LIBOR plus 1.00% (the "Base Rate"), as selected by the Company.  The LIBOR margin varies between 1.75% and 3.00%, and the Base Rate margin varies between 0.75% and 2.00%, depending on our leverage ratio.  The Fifth Amended Credit Agreement also provides for an annual fee ranging between 0.30% and 0.50% of the unused commitments under the revolving credit facility.  Extensions of credit under the Fifth Amended Credit Agreement are secured by guarantees from all of the Company's active domestic subsidiaries and by security interests in substantially all of the Company's and such subsidiaries' assets.

  On July 1, 2013, we entered into an amendment to the Fifth Amended Credit Agreement, which provided for, among other things, the amendment of certain negative covenants to permit the issuance of and payments related to the Cash Convertible Notes described above as well as increases in the maximum required levels of total funded debt to EBITDA beginning with the quarter ended June 30, 2013. On April 14, 2014 and December 29, 2014, we entered into additional amendments to the Fifth Amended Credit Agreement, which, among other things, (1) amended the calculation of consolidated EBITDA to exclude the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Minnesota ("BCBSMN") legal settlement in 2014 and, for any period that includes a fiscal quarter ending on or before December 31, 2015, up to $5 million in the aggregate of accounting charges attributable to the settlement or other satisfaction of litigation liabilities and the incurrence of related expenses, (2) reduced the amount of the accordion facility from $200 million to $100 million, (3) provided that the net cash proceeds of an asset sale or recovery event be deposited with the administrative agent pending reinvestment or application to the payment of loans, and (4) limited the aggregate consideration payable in respect of acquisitions consummated after December 29, 2014 to $150 million.
 
On October 27, 2015, we entered into a Seventh Amendment to the Fifth Amended Credit Agreement (the "Seventh Amendment"), which provides that the expense incurred by us in the following matters will be excluded from the calculation of consolidated EBITDA for purposes of the Fifth Amended Credit Agreement: (1) operational improvement and restructuring charges incurred from July 1, 2015 through March 31, 2017, not to exceed $27.5 million in the aggregate; (2) cash severance charges in connection with the departure of our former chief executive officer during the quarter ended June 30, 2015 not to exceed $2.2 million in the aggregate; and (3) expense incurred in connection with the grant of certain cash inducement awards to our new chief executive officer in an aggregate amount not to exceed approximately $1.3 million. The Seventh Amendment also reduced the amount available for borrowing under the revolving credit facility from $200.0 million to $125.0 million. As of September 30, 2015, availability under the revolving credit facility totaled $129.9  million as calculated under the most restrictive covenant.

We are required to repay outstanding revolving loans under the revolving credit facility in full on June 8, 2017. We are required to repay term loans in quarterly principal installments aggregating (1) 1.875% of the original aggregate principal amount of the term loans during each of the four quarters beginning with the quarter ending September 30, 2014, and (2) 2.500% of the original aggregate principal amount of the term loans during each of the remaining quarters prior to maturity on June 8, 2017, at which time the entire unpaid principal balance of the term loans is due and payable.
12


The Fifth Amended Credit Agreement contains financial covenants that require us to maintain, as defined, specified ratios or levels of (1) total funded debt to EBITDA and (2) fixed charge coverage.
 
The Fifth Amended Credit Agreement contains various other affirmative and negative covenants that are typical for financings of this type.  Among other things, the Fifth Amended Credit Agreement limits repurchases of our common stock and the amount of dividends that we can pay to holders of our common stock.
 
(6)
Commitments and Contingencies

Junk Fax Prevention Act Lawsuits
 
On September 16, 2014, Healthways and its wholly owned subsidiary, Healthways WholeHealth Networks, Inc. ("HWHN"), were named in a putative class action lawsuit filed by Edward Simon, DC in the Superior Court of California, County of Los Angeles, seeking damages and other relief relating to alleged violations of the Telephone Consumer Protection Act ("TCPA"), as amended by the Junk Fax Prevention Act ("JFPA"), in connection with faxes allegedly transmitted to members of HWHN's network of complementary and alternative care practitioners. The JFPA prohibits sending an "unsolicited advertisement" to a fax machine and requires the sender to provide a notice to allow a recipient to "opt out" of future fax transmissions (including, pursuant to rules promulgated by the Federal Communications Commission ("FCC"), those sent with the prior express invitation or permission of the recipient). The complaint seeks damages in excess of $5 million. The case has been removed to the United States District Court for the Central District of California, Eastern Division ("California Matter").
 
On December 22, 2014, HWHN was also named in a putative class action lawsuit filed by Affiliated Health Care Associates, P.C. in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division ("Illinois Matter"), seeking damages and other relief relating to alleged violations of the TCPA, the Illinois Consumer Fraud and Deceptive Business Practices Act, and Illinois common law in connection with faxes allegedly sent to members of HWHN's network of complementary and alternative care practitioners. The complaint seeks damages in an unstated amount. On May 29, 2015, the plaintiff in the Illinois Matter voluntarily dismissed its lawsuit without prejudice; that plaintiff has been joined as a party in the California Matter. We deny the claims and intend to vigorously defend these actions.

In connection with these actions, on March 2, 2015, Healthways and HWHN filed with the FCC a Petition for Retroactive Waiver ("Waiver Petition") of the FCC's regulation that requires advertising faxes sent with the prior express invitation or permission of the recipient to include an "opt-out" notice. On August 28, 2015, the FCC granted the Company relief requested in the Waiver Petition .   We cannot predict the impact on the California Matter of the F CC' s grant of relief pursuant to the Waiver Petition .
 
Performance Award Lawsuit

On September 4, 2012, Milton Pfeiffer, claiming to be a stockholder of the Company, filed a putative derivative action against the Company and the Board in Delaware Chancery Court alleging that the Compensation Committee of the Board and the Board breached their fiduciary duties and violated the Company's 2007 Stock Incentive Plan by granting Ben R. Leedle, Jr., then chief executive officer and president of the Company, discretionary performance awards under the Plan in the form of options to purchase an aggregate of 500,000 shares of the Company's common stock, which consisted of a performance award in November 2011 granting Mr. Leedle the right to purchase 365,000 shares and a performance award in February 2012 granting Mr. Leedle the right to purchase 135,000 shares.  Plaintiff alleges that the Performance Awards exceeded what is authorized by the Plan and that the Company's 2012 proxy statement, in which the Performance Awards are disclosed, is false and misleading.  Plaintiff also alleges that Mr. Leedle breached his fiduciary duties and was unjustly enriched by receiving the Performance Awards.  Plaintiff is seeking, among other things, the rescission or disgorgement of all alleged "excess" awards granted to Mr. Leedle under the Performance Awards, to recover any incidental damages to the Company, and an award of attorneys' fees and expenses.  On November 2, 2012, the Company and the Board filed a Motion to Dismiss because Plaintiff failed to make a demand upon the Board as required by Delaware law.  On November 8, 2013, the Court denied the Company's Motion to Dismiss. On February 21, 2014, the Company filed its answer. On May 15, 2015, in connection with the termination of Mr. Leedle's employment, the Board ratified the awards to Mr. Leedle pursuant to Section 204 of the Delaware General Corporate Law and subsequently sent notice of the ratification to shareholders.   No shareholder filed a timely objection to the ratification.  Upon the expiration of the time period for shareholders to object to the ratification, the Company took the position that the ratification rendered the Plaintiff's claims moot.  The parties then agreed to submit a stipulation of dismissal of the case to the Court. On October 30, 2015, the Court entered an Order that dismissed the case with prejudice with respect to Plaintiff Milton Pfeiffer as moot but without prejudice to the proposed class.  No compensation in any form passed  to the Plaintiff or to Plaintiff's attorneys.  The Order preserves the right of counsel for Milton Pfeiffer to petition the Court for an award of attorneys' fees.
 
13

Outlook

We are also subject to other contractual disputes, claims and legal proceedings that arise from time to time in the ordinary course of our business.  While we are unable to estimate a range of potential losses, we do not believe that any of the legal proceedings pending against us as of the date of this report, some of which are expected to be covered by insurance policies, will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.  As these matters are subject to inherent uncertainties, our view of these matters may change in the future.
 
Contractual Commitments

In January 2008, we entered into a 25-year strategic relationship agreement with Gallup with minimum remaining contractual obligations totaling $17.3 million.  We also entered into a global joint venture agreement with Gallup in October 2012 (the "Gallup Joint Venture") that requires us to make payments over a 5-year period beginning January 2013. We have minimum remaining contractual cash obligations of $11.6 million to acquire additional membership interest in the Gallup Joint Venture.
 
In May 2011, we entered into a ten-year applications and technology services outsourcing agreement with HP Enterprise Services, LLC that contains minimum fee requirements.  Total payments over the remaining term, including an estimate for future contractual cost of living adjustments, must equal or exceed a minimum level of approximately $101.2 million; however, based on initial required service and equipment level assumptions, we estimate that the remaining payments will be approximately $209.1  million.  The agreement allows us to terminate all or a portion of the services provided we pay certain termination fees, which could be material to the Company.
 
(7)
Fair Value Measurements

We account for certain assets and liabilities at fair value.  Fair value is defined as the price that would be received upon sale of an asset or paid upon transfer of a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, assuming the transaction occurs in the principal or most advantageous market for that asset or liability.

Fair Value Hierarchy

The hierarchy below lists three levels of fair value based on the extent to which inputs used in measuring fair value are observable in the market. We categorize each of our fair value measurements in one of these three levels based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. These levels are:

Level 1:  Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;
 
Level 2:  Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-based valuation techniques in which all significant assumptions are observable in the market or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; and

Level 3:  Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and typically reflect management's estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.
 
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
 
We account for our investment in the Gallup Joint Venture using the equity method under ASC Topic 323. In the third quarter of 2015, we observed factors causing a decline in future revenue projections of the Gallup Joint Venture as an indicator of an other than temporary impairment of the investment. Accordingly, we estimated the fair value of our investment using a discounted cash flow model. Estimating fair value requires significant judgments, including management's estimate of future cash flows, which is dependent on internal forecasts, estimation of the long-term growth rate for the joint venture, the useful life over which cash flows will occur, and determination of the weighted average cost of capital. Changes in these estimates and assumptions could materially affect the estimate of fair value.
 
Based on our estimate of fair value, we determined that the carrying value of the investment of $17.0 million was impaired and recorded an impairment charge of $12.2 million as equity in loss from joint ventures in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).
 
In addition, we determined that the present value of our remaining contractual cash obligations related to the Gallup Joint Venture exceeded the estimated fair value, resulting in the recognition of a liability associated with the forward option to acquire additional membership interest at September 30, 2015 (the "Gallup Derivative"). The Gallup Derivative was recorded as a derivative liability at September 30, 2015 in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 815 and will be carried at fair value.
14

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The following tables present our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014:

 
(In $000s)
September 30, 2015
 
Level 2
   
Level 3
   
Gross Fair
Value
   
Netting (1)
   
Net Fair
Value
 
Assets:
 
   
   
   
   
 
Foreign currency exchange contracts
 
$
240
   
$
   
$
240
   
$
(32
)
 
$
208
 
Cash Convertible Notes Hedges
   
     
10,190
     
10,190
     
     
10,190
 
Liabilities:
                                       
Foreign currency exchange contracts
 
$
32
   
$
   
$
32
   
$
(32
)
 
$
 
Interest rate swap agreements
   
547
     
     
547
     
     
547
 
Cash Conversion Derivative
   
     
10,190
     
10,190
     
     
10,190
 
Gallup Derivative    
      7,325       7,325      
      7,325  
 
(In $000s)
December 31, 2014
 
Level 2
   
Level 3
   
Gross Fair
Value
   
Netting (1)
   
Net Fair  
Value
 
Assets:
 
   
   
   
   
 
Foreign currency exchange contracts
 
$
477
   
$
   
$
477
   
$
(111
)
 
$
366
 
Cash Convertible Notes Hedges
   
     
48,025
     
48,025
     
     
48,025
 
Liabilities:
                                       
Foreign currency exchange contracts
 
$
111
   
$
   
$
111
   
$
(111
)
 
$
 
Interest rate swap agreements
   
395
     
     
395
     
     
395
 
Cash Conversion Derivative
   
     
48,025
     
48,025
     
     
48,025
 

(1) This column reflects the impact of netting derivative assets and liabilities by counterparty when a legally enforceable master netting agreement exists.
 
The fair values of forward foreign currency exchange contracts are valued using broker quotations of similar assets or liabilities in active markets.  The fair values of interest rate swap agreements are primarily determined based on the present value of future cash flows using internal models and third-party pricing services with observable inputs, including interest rates, yield curves and applicable credit spreads. The fair values of the Cash Convertible Notes Hedges, the Cash Conversion Derivative and the Gallup Derivative are measured using Level 3 inputs because these instruments are not actively traded. The Cash Convertible Notes Hedges and the Cash Conversion Derivative are valued using an option pricing model that uses observable and unobservable market data for inputs, such as expected time to maturity of the derivative instruments, the risk-free interest rate, the expected volatility of our common stock and other factors. The Gallup Derivative is valued as the difference in the present value of our remaining cash commitments and the fair value of such commitments. The Cash Convertible Notes Hedges and the Cash Conversion Derivative were designed such that changes in their fair values would offset one another, with minimal impact to the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss). Therefore, the sensitivity of changes in the unobservable inputs to the option pricing model for such instruments is mitigated.
 
The following table presents our financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis using unobservable inputs (Level 3):

(In $000s)
 
Balance at December 31,
2014
   
Purchases of Level 3 Instruments
   
Issuances of Level 3 Instruments
   
Gains/(Losses) Included in Earnings
   
Balance at September 30,
2015
 
Cash Convertible Notes Hedges
 
$
48,025
   
$
   
$
   
$
(37,835
)
 
$
10,190
 
Cash Conversion Derivative
   
(48,025
)
   
     
     
37,835
     
(10,190
)
Gallup Derivative    
     
     
     
(7,325
    (7,325

The gains and losses included in earnings noted above represent the change in the fair value of these financial instruments and are recorded each period in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss). The gains and losses on the Cash Convertible Notes Hedges and Cash Conversion Derivative are recorded as selling, general and administrative expenses, and the loss on the Gallup Derivative is recorded as equity in loss on joint ventures.
 
15

Fair Value of Other Financial Instruments

In addition to foreign currency exchange contracts, interest rate swap agreements, the Cash Convertible Notes Hedges, the Cash Conversion Derivative, and the Gallup Derivative, the estimated fair values of which are disclosed above, the estimated fair value of each class of financial instruments at September 30, 2015 was as follows:

Cash and cash equivalents – The carrying amount of $1.8 million approximates fair value because of the short maturity of those instruments (less than three months).

Long-term debt – The estimated fair value of outstanding borrowings under the Fifth Amended Credit Agreement, which includes a revolving credit facility and a term loan facility (see Note 5), and the Cash Convertible Notes are determined based on the fair value hierarchy as discussed above.  The revolving credit facility and the term loan facility are not actively traded and therefore are classified as Level 2 valuations based on the market for similar instruments.  The estimated fair value is based on the average of the prices set by the issuing bank given current market conditions and is not necessarily indicative of the amount we could realize in a current market exchange. The estimated fair value and carrying amount of outstanding borrowings under the Fifth Amended Credit Agreement at September 30, 2015 are $96.3 million and $97.3 million, respectively.

The Cash Convertible Notes are actively traded and therefore are classified as Level 1 valuations. The estimated fair value at September 30, 2015 was $140.0 million, which is based on the last traded price of the Cash Convertible Notes on September 30, 2015, and the par value was $150.0 million. The carrying amount of the Cash Convertible Notes at September 30, 2015 was $128.5 million, which is net of the debt discount discussed in Note 5.

The CareFirst Convertible Note was issued at its fair value of $20.0 million on October 1, 2013. It is not actively traded and is not based upon either an observable market, other than the market for our common stock, or on an observable index and is therefore classified as a Level 3 valuation. At September 30, 2015, the carrying amount of the CareFirst Convertible Note of $20.0 million approximates fair value.
 
(8) Derivative Investments and Hedging Activities

We use derivative instruments to manage risks related to interest, foreign currencies, and the Cash Convertible Notes. We account for derivatives in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 815, which establishes accounting and reporting standards requiring that certain derivative instruments be recorded on the balance sheet as either an asset or liability measured at fair value. Additionally, changes in the derivative's fair value will be recognized currently in earnings unless specific hedge accounting criteria are met. As permitted under our master netting arrangements, the fair value amounts of our interest rate swaps and foreign currency options and/or forward contracts are presented on a net basis by counterparty in the consolidated balance sheets.

Derivative Instruments Designated as Hedging Instruments

Cash Flow Hedges

Derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges are recorded at estimated fair value in the consolidated balance sheets, with the effective portion of the gains and losses being reported in accumulated other comprehensive income or loss ("accumulated OCI").  Cash flow hedges for all periods presented consist solely of interest rate swap agreements, which effectively modify our exposure to interest rate risk by converting a portion of our floating rate debt to fixed rate obligations, thus reducing the impact of interest rate changes on future interest expense. Under these agreements, we receive a variable rate of interest based on LIBOR (as defined in Note 5), and we pay a fixed rate of interest with interest rates ranging from 0.690% to 1.480% plus a spread (see Note 5).  We maintain interest rate swap agreements with current notional amounts of $115.0 million and termination dates ranging from November 2015 to December 2016.  Of this amount, $65.0 million was effective at September 30, 2015, and $50.0 million will become effective in December 2015, as older interest rate swap agreements expire. Gains and losses on these interest rate swap agreements are reclassified to interest expense in the same period during which the hedged transaction affects earnings or the period in which all or a portion of the hedge becomes ineffective.  As of September 30, 2015, we expected to reclassify $0.5 million of net losses on interest rate swap agreements from accumulated OCI to interest expense within the next twelve months due to the scheduled payment of interest associated with our debt.

16

The following table shows the effect of our cash flow hedges on the consolidated balance sheets during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014:

(In $000s)
For the Three Months Ended
   
For the Nine Months Ended
 
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
September 30, 2015
 
September 30, 2014
   
September 30, 2015
   
September 30, 2014
 
Loss (gain) related to effective portion of derivatives recognized in accumulated OCI, gross of tax effect
 
$
105
   
$
(118
 
$
360
     
$
164
 
Loss related to effective portion of derivatives reclassified from accumulated OCI to interest expense, gross of tax effect
 
$
91
   
$
130
   
$
285
   
$
386
 
 
Gains and losses representing either hedge ineffectiveness or hedge components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness are recognized in current earnings.  During the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, there were no gains or losses on cash flow hedges recognized in our consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) resulting from hedge ineffectiveness.

Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedging Instruments

Our Cash Conversion Derivative, Cash Convertible Notes Hedges, Gallup Derivative and foreign currency options and/or forward contracts do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment under U.S. GAAP and are measured at fair value with gains and losses recognized immediately in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss). Other than the Gallup Derivative described in Note 7, these derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments did not have a material impact on our consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) during the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014.
 
Cash Conversion Derivative and Cash Convertible Notes Hedges

The Cash Conversion Derivative is accounted for as a derivative liability and carried at fair value. In order to offset the risk associated with the Cash Conversion Derivative, we entered into Cash Convertible Notes Hedges which are cash-settled and are intended to reduce our exposure to potential cash payments that we would be required to make if holders elect to convert the Cash Convertible Notes at a time when our stock price exceeds the conversion price. The Cash Convertible Notes Hedges are accounted for as a derivative asset   and carried at fair value.
 
Gallup Derivative

The Gallup Derivative is accounted for as a derivative liability and carried at fair value.
 
The gains and losses resulting from a change in fair values of the Cash Conversion Derivative, the Cash Convertible Notes Hedges and the Gallup Derivative are reported in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) as follows:
 
(In $000s)
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2015
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2015
 
Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Classification
Cash Convertible Notes Hedges:
   
    
Net unrealized loss
 
$
(4,938
)
  $
(37,835
)
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Cash Conversion Derivative:
               
                 
Net unrealized gain
 
$
4,938
    $
37,835
 
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Gallup Derivative:                  
Net unrealized loss   $ (7,325   $ (7,325  Equity in loss from joint ventures

Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts

We also enter into foreign currency options and/or forward contracts in order to minimize our earnings exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.  Our foreign currency exchange contracts require current period mark-to-market accounting, with any change in fair value being recorded each period in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) in selling, general and administrative expenses. At September 30, 2015, we had forward contracts with notional amounts of $27.3 million to exchange foreign currencies, primarily the Australian dollar and Euro, that were entered into to hedge forecasted foreign net income (loss) and intercompany debt. We routinely monitor our foreign currency exposures to maximize the overall effectiveness of our foreign currency hedge positions.  We do not execute transactions or hold derivative financial instruments for trading or other purposes.

17

The estimated gross fair values of derivative instruments at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, excluding the impact of netting derivative assets and liabilities when a legally enforceable master netting agreement exists, were as follows:

 
 
September 30, 2015
   
December 31, 2014
 
(In $000s)
 
Foreign currency exchange contracts
   
Interest rate swap agreements
   
Cash Convertible Notes Hedges and Cash Conversion Derivative
     
  Gallup
Derivative
   
Foreign currency exchange contracts
   
Interest rate swap agreements
   
Cash Convertible Notes Hedges and Cash Conversion Derivative
 
Assets:
                               
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
                               
Other current assets
 
$
240
   
$
   
$
    $    
$
477
   
$
   
$
 
Other assets
   
     
     
10,190
     —      
     
     
48,025
 
Total assets
 
$
240
   
$
   
$
10,190
    $    
$
477
   
$
   
$
48,025
 
Liabilities:
                                                       
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
                                                       
Accrued liabilities
 
$
32
   
$
   
$
    $ 3,453    
$
111
   
$
   
$
 
Other long-term liabilities
   
     
     
10,190
       3,872      
     
     
48,025
 
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
                                                       
Accrued liabilities
   
     
66
     
           
     
     
 
Other long-term liabilities
   
     
481
     
       —      
     
395
     
 
Total liabilities
 
$
32
   
$
547
   
$
10,190
    $  7,325    
$
111
   
$
395
   
$
48,025
 
 
See also Note 7.
 
18

(9) Earnings Per Share

The following is a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator of basic and diluted earnings per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014:
 
(In 000s, except per share data)
 
Three Months Ended
   
Nine Months Ended
 
 
 
September 30,
   
September 30,
   
September 30,
   
September 30,
 
 
 
2015
   
2014
   
2015
   
2014
 
Numerator:
               
Net income (loss) attributable to Healthways, Inc. - numerator for basic earnings (loss) per share
 
$
(9,026
)    
$
1,973
 
 
$
(11,520
)
 
$
(8,139
)
 
                               
Denominator:
                               
Shares used for basic income (loss) per share
   
35,939
     
35,351
     
35,756
     
35,263
 
Effect of dilutive securities outstanding:
                               
Non-qualified stock options  (1)
   
     
770
     
     
 
Restricted stock units (1)
   
     
318
     
     
 
Performance-based stock units (1)
   
      34      
     
 
CareFirst Warrants  (1)
   
     
4
     
     
 
Shares used for diluted income per share (1)
 
$
35,939
   
$
36,477
   
$
35,756
   
$
35,263
 
 
                               
Earnings (loss) per share:
                               
Basic
 
$
(0.25
)    
$
0.06
 
 
$
(0.32
)
 
$
(0.23
)
Diluted (1)
 
$
(0.25
)    
$
0.05
 
 
$
(0.32
)
 
$
(0.23
)
 
                               
Dilutive securities outstanding not included in the computation of loss per share because their effect is antidilutive:
                               
Non-qualified stock options
   
1,770
     
1,131
     
1,284
     
2,153
 
Restricted stock units
   
662
     
54
     
580
     
390
 
Performance-based stock units
   
      2      
      16  
   Market stock units     8      
      3      
 
Warrants related to Cash Convertible Notes
   
7,707
     
7,707
     
7,707
     
7,707
 
CareFirst Convertible Note
   
892
     
892
     
892
     
892
 
CareFirst Warrants
   
432
     
83
     
223
     
86
 
 
(1) The impact of potentially dilutive securities for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 and the nine months ended September 30, 2014 was not considered because the effect would be anti-dilutive in each of those periods.
 
Performance-based stock units outstanding are considered contingently issuable shares and were excluded from the calculations of diluted earnings per share for the three and nine months ending September 30, 2015 as the performance criteria had not been met as of the end of the reporting periods.
 
(10) Accumulated OCI

  The following tables summarize the changes in accumulated OCI, net of tax, for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014:

(In $000s)
 
Net Change in Fair Value of Interest Rate Swaps
   
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments
   
Total
 
Accumulated OCI, net of tax, as of January 1, 2015
 
$
(342
)
 
$
(1,706
)
 
$
(2,048
)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications, net of tax
   
(187
)
   
(2,377
)
   
(2,564
)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated OCI, net of tax
   
172
     
     
172
 
Net increase (decrease) in other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
   
(15
)
   
(2,377
)
   
(2,392
)
Accumulated OCI, net of tax, as of September 30, 2015
 
$
(357
)
 
$
(4,083
)
 
$
(4,440
)
 
19

(In $000s)
 
Net Change in Fair Value of Interest Rate Swaps
   
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments
   
Total
 
Accumulated OCI, net of tax, as of January 1, 2014
 
$
(513
)
 
$
106
   
$
(407
)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications, net of tax
   
(68
)
   
(879
   
(947
Amounts reclassified from accumulated OCI, net of tax
   
233
     
     
233
 
Net increase (decrease) in other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
   
165
     
(879
   
(714
Accumulated OCI, net of tax, as of September 30, 2014
 
$
(348
)
 
$
(773
 
$
(1,121

The following table provides details about reclassifications out of accumulated OCI for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014:

 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
Statement of Comprehensive 
(In $000s)
2015
 
2014
 
 Loss Classification
Interest rate swaps
 
$
285
   
$
386
 
Interest expense
 
   
(113
)
   
(153
)
Income tax benefit
 
 
$
172
   
$
233
 
Net of tax
 
See Note 8 for further discussion of our interest rate swaps.

(11) Restructuring and Related Charges
 
In the third quarter of 2015, we began developing a reorganization and cost rationalization plan (the "2015 Restructuring Plan") that the Company committed to in October 2015, which is intended to improve efficiency and deliver greater value to our customers. The 2015 Restructuring Plan is expected to be largely complete in 2016. In connection with the 2015 Restructuring Plan, we incurred consulting costs in the third quarter of 2015. In addition, in August 2015 we closed one office, which resulted in employee severance and lease costs.
 
We expect to incur a total of approximately $20 million to $25 million in restructuring charges related to the 2015 Restructuring Plan, substantially all of which are expected to result in future cash expenditures, with a majority of the charges expected to be incurred in the fourth quarter of 2015. We expect that the total charges will consist of approximately $9 million to $11 million of severance and other employee-related costs; approximately $6 million to $8 million of lease termination costs; and approximately $5 million to $6 million in consulting and other costs. 
 
The following table shows the costs incurred for the three months ended September 30, 2015 directly related to our 2015 Restructuring Plan and other third quarter restructuring costs:
 
(In $000s)
 
Severance and Other
Employee-Related Costs
   
Consulting and Other Costs (1)
   
Total
 
2015 restructuring charges
 
$
210
   
$
1,542
   
$
1,752
 
Payments
   
(63
)
   
 
   
(63
)
Accrued restructuring and related charges liability as of September 30, 2015
  $ 147       1,542     $ 1,689  
 
                       
(1) Consulting and other costs primarily consist of consulting charges incurred in connection with the 2015 Restructuring Plan.
 
 
20

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Overview

Founded and incorporated in Delaware in 1981, Healthways, Inc. provides comprehensive total population health management solutions that are uniquely designed to help people improve their well-being, thereby improving their health and productivity and reducing their health-related costs. Total population health management involves a proactive approach to reducing avoidable disease incidence – a considerable improvement from the more traditional and more costly method of waiting for people to get a disease before acting.

As used throughout this report, unless the context otherwise indicates, the terms "we," "us," "our," "Healthways," or the "Company" refer collectively to Healthways, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries.

As a global leader in total population health, Healthways has established a proven value proposition: by taking a systematic approach to keeping healthy people healthy, eliminating or reducing lifestyle risks and optimizing care for persistent or chronic conditions, we help our customers reduce health-related costs and increase productivity and performance across whole populations, including workforces, health plan memberships, and communities.  We are pioneers of this systematic approach, and we believe we are unique in having the capability to provide a full spectrum of proven total population health management solutions.

Healthways' comprehensive well-being improvement programs provide personalized solutions for any individual, irrespective of their health status, age or paying sponsor.  Our total population health technology platform uses our proprietary analytics and predictive models to enable us to stratify the population, develop individualized well-being improvement plans and deliver action-based solutions to improve individual and organizational performance. Our technology-driven infrastructure is compatible with, and integrated into, our customers' systems. Through this data-driven process, we identify the needs of each individual in a population and determine the right level of support. This allows us to efficiently deploy successful strategies to sustain engagement, to use the best science to drive behavior change and ultimately deliver meaningful, measurable outcomes. We know that each individual in a given population often simultaneously seeks a variety of support services in his or her pursuit of improved well-being. We provide a full spectrum of services that can be delivered at scale, and in a manner that meets the needs of individuals over time.

Our value proposition, described above, has been proven and outcome studies have been published in peer-reviewed journals. Our systematic approach and comprehensive well-being improvement solutions are designed to focus on improving a population's essential well-being elements: physical, financial, social, community and sense of purpose.
 
For example, to keep healthy people healthy, our wellness and prevention programs focus on education, physical fitness, nutrition, health coaching and tools that support behavior change by:
 
·  
fostering well-being improvement and disease prevention through biometric screening and proprietary well-being assessments;
 
·  
engaging people in our well-being improvement programs, such as fitness, weight management, stress management, and financial and lifestyle management; and
 
·  
providing access to our fitness center, physical and occupational therapy, chiropractic, and complementary and alternative medicine provider networks.
21

To eliminate or reduce lifestyle risks, our programs help to motivate people to make positive lifestyle changes and accomplish individual goals, such as increasing physical activity for seniors, overcoming nicotine addiction or generating sustainable weight loss, by:

·  
promoting personal change and improvement in the lifestyle behaviors that lead to poor health or chronic conditions; and
 
·  
providing personal interactions with highly trained healthcare professionals and educational materials to create and sustain healthier behaviors for those individuals at risk or in the early stages of chronic conditions.
 
To help people optimize care for persistent or chronic conditions we:
 
·  
incorporate the latest, evidence-based clinical guidelines into interventions to optimize patient health outcomes;
 
·  
develop care support plans and motivate members to set attainable goals for themselves;
 
·  
provide local market resources to address acute episodic interventions;
 
·  
coordinate members' care as an extension of their healthcare providers;
 
·  
provide software technology solutions in support of well-being improvement services; and
 
·  
provide high-risk care management for members at risk for hospitalization due to complex conditions.
 
In North America, we operate in all 50 states and the District of Columbia. Our customers include health plans, both commercial and Medicare Advantage, large self-insured employers including state and municipal government entities, and providers of healthcare, including integrated healthcare systems, hospitals and physician groups. We also provide services to commercial healthcare businesses and/or government entities in Australia, Brazil, and France.

Our services are delivered using a range of methods, including venue-based face-to-face interactions; print; phone; mobile and remote devices with unique applications; on-line, including social networks; and any combination of these methods to motivate and sustain healthy behaviors. Many of our programs for lifestyle support, management and education are delivered through web-based portals and mobile applications and may also offer a social networking opportunity.

Our proprietary technology infrastructure and delivery capabilities are currently accessible to approximately 68 million people across four continents. Our intervention services are generally delivered from our domestic and international well-being improvement call centers staffed with a range of professionals including, but not limited to, nurses, dieticians, pharmacists, health coaches, exercise specialists and nutritional counselors. Our fitness center network encompasses approximately 16,000 U.S. locations.  We also maintain an extensive network of over 88,000 complementary, alternative and physical medicine practitioners, which offers convenient access to the significant number of individuals who seek health services outside of the traditional healthcare system.

22

Forward-Looking Statements

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contains forward-looking statements, which are based upon current knowledge, assumptions, beliefs, estimates and expectations, involve a number of risks and uncertainties, and are subject to the "safe harbor" provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.  Forward-looking statements include all statements that are not historical statements of fact and those regarding the intent, belief, or expectations of the Company, including, without limitation, all statements regarding the Company's future earnings and results of operations, and can be identified by the use of words like "may," "believe," "will," "expect," "project," "estimate," "anticipate," "plan," or "continue" and similar expressions.  Readers are cautioned that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve significant risks and uncertainties, and that actual results may vary from those in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including, but not limited to:

·
our ability to estimate the costs associated with, and to implement and realize the anticipated benefits of, the reorganization and cost rationalization plan;
 
·
the effectiveness of management's strategies and decisions;
 
·
our ability to sign and implement new contracts for our solutions;
 
·
our ability to accurately forecast the costs required to successfully implement new contracts;
 
·
our ability to renew and/or maintain contracts with our customers under existing terms or restructure these contracts on terms that would not have a material negative impact on our results of operations;
 
·
our ability to effectively compete against other entities, whose financial, research, staff, and marketing resources may exceed our resources;
 
·
our ability to accurately forecast our revenues, margins, earnings and net income, as well as any potential charges that we may incur as a result of changes in our business and leadership;
 
·
our ability to accurately forecast performance and the timing of revenue recognition under the terms of our customer contracts ahead of data collection and reconciliation;
 
·
the impact of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 (collectively, "PPACA"), on our operations and/or the demand for our services;
 
·
our ability to anticipate change and respond to emerging trends in the domestic and international markets for healthcare and the impact of the same on demand for our services;
 
·
the risks associated with deriving a significant concentration of our revenues from a limited number of customers;  
 
·
the risks associated with foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations and our ability to hedge against such fluctuations;
 
·
our ability to achieve and reach mutual agreement with customers with respect to the contractually required performance metrics, cost savings and clinical outcomes improvements, or to achieve such metrics, savings and improvements within the timeframes contemplated by us;
 
23

·
our ability to achieve estimated annualized revenue in backlog in the manner and within the timeframe we expect, which is based on certain estimates regarding the implementation of our services;
 
·
our ability and/or the ability of our customers to enroll participants and to accurately forecast their level of enrollment and participation in our programs in a manner and within the timeframe anticipated by us;
 
·
the ability of our customers to provide timely and accurate data that is essential to the operation and measurement of our performance under the terms of our contracts;
 
·
our ability to favorably resolve contract billing and interpretation issues with our customers;
 
·
our ability to service our debt, make principal and interest payments as those payments become due, and remain in compliance with our debt covenants;
 
·
the risks associated with changes in macroeconomic conditions, which may reduce the demand and/or the timing of purchases for our services from customers or potential customers, reduce the number of covered lives of our existing customers, or restrict our ability to obtain additional financing;
 
·
counterparty risk associated with the Cash Convertible Notes Hedges, interest rate swap agreements, and foreign currency exchange contracts;

·
the risks associated with valuation of the Cash Convertible Notes Hedges and the Cash Conversion Derivative, which may result in volatility to our consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) if these transactions do not completely offset one another;
 
·
the risks associated with certain derivatives carried at fair value, which may result in volatility to our consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss);
 
·
our ability to integrate new or acquired businesses, services (including outsourced services), or technologies into our business and to accurately forecast the related costs;
 
·
our ability to anticipate and respond to strategic changes, opportunities, and emerging trends in our industry and/or business and to accurately forecast the related impact on our revenues and earnings;
 
·
the impact of any impairment of our goodwill, intangible assets, or other long-term assets;
 
·
our ability to develop new products and deliver and report outcomes on those products;
 
·
our ability to implement our integrated data and technology solutions platform within the required timeframe and expected cost estimates and to develop and enhance this platform and/or other technologies to meet evolving customer and market needs;
 
·
our ability to obtain adequate financing to provide the capital that may be necessary to support our operations and to support or guarantee our performance under new contracts;
 
·
unusual and unforeseen patterns of healthcare utilization by individuals with diseases or conditions for which we provide services;
 
We undertake no obligation to update or revise any such forward-looking statements.
24

 Customer Contracts
 
Our fees are generally billed on a per member per month ("PMPM") basis or upon member participation.  For PMPM fees, we generally determine our contract fees by multiplying the contractually negotiated PMPM rate by the number of members covered by our services during the month.  We typically set PMPM rates during contract negotiations with customers based on the value we expect our programs to create and a sharing of that value between the customer and the Company. 
 
Our contracts with health plans and integrated healthcare systems generally range from three to five years with certain comprehensive strategic agreements extending up to ten years in length.  Contracts with self-insured employers typically have two to four-year terms.  Some of our contracts allow the customer to terminate early.
Some of our contracts place a portion of our fees at risk based on achieving certain performance metrics, cost savings, and/or clinical outcomes improvements or obtaining customer agreement ("performance-based").  Approximately 7 % of revenues recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2015 were performance-based, and 3 % of revenues were subject to final reconciliation as of September 30, 2015. 
Reorganization and Rationalization Plan
 
On October 29, 2015, we announced a reorganization and cost rationalization plan, which is intended to improve efficiency and deliver greater value to our customers.  As part of the 2015 Restructuring Plan, we will move from an organization focused on five customer end markets to a structure centered on two primary businesses – Population Health Services and Network Solutions. The Population Health Services business unit will deliver interventions directly to members of sponsored populations. These interventions are designed to improve people's health and well-being and drive improved performance and lower health-related costs by keeping healthy people healthy, eliminating or reducing lifestyle risks that lead to disease and optimizing care for people with persistent conditions or chronic disease. The Network Solutions business unit will create interventions that are delivered through the networks that we manage, including our SilverSneakers ® Fitness program and our national network of complementary and alternative medicine providers.
 
25

As part of the 2015 Restructuring Plan, we intend to implement a cost rationalization plan focusing in part on our business technology architecture and in part on the cost-effective deployment of human capital and optimization of facilities infrastructure.  The 2015 Restructuring Plan is expected to be largely complete in 2016.
 
We expect to incur a total of approximately $20 million to $25 million in restructuring charges related to the 2015 Restructuring Plan, substantially all of which are expected to result in future cash expenditures, with a majority of the charges expected to be incurred in the fourth quarter of 2015. We expect that the total charges will consist of approximately $9 million to $11 million of severance and other employee-related costs; approximately $6 million to $8 million of lease termination costs; and approximately $5 million to $6 million in consulting and other costs. We expect that the 2015 Restructuring Plan will create significant cost savings beginning in 2016, with total annualized savings of approximately $35 million to $45 million expected to be realized in 2017.

Critical Accounting Policies

We describe our accounting policies in Note 1 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014.  We prepare the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP, which requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and related disclosures at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results may differ from those estimates.

We believe the following accounting policies are the most critical in understanding the estimates and judgments that are involved in preparing our financial statements and the uncertainties that could impact our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
 
Revenue Recognition
 
We recognize revenue as services are performed when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, collectability is reasonably assured, and amounts are fixed or determinable.

Our fees are generally billed on a per member per month ("PMPM") basis or upon member participation. For PMPM fees, we generally determine our contract fees by multiplying the contractually negotiated PMPM rate by the number of members covered by our services during the month.  We typically set PMPM rates during contract negotiations with customers based on the value we expect our programs to create and a sharing of that value between the customer and the Company.  Some of our contracts are performance-based.  Approximately 7 % of revenues recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2015 were performance-based, and 3 % of revenues were subject to final reconciliation as of September 30, 2015.

We generally bill our customers each month for the entire amount of the fees contractually due for the prior month's enrollment, which typically includes the amount, if any, that is performance-based and may be subject to refund should we not meet performance targets.  Fees for participation are typically billed in the month after the services are provided.  Deferred revenues arise from contracts that permit upfront billing and collection of fees covering the entire contractual service period, generally 12 months.  A limited number of our contracts provide for certain performance-based fees that cannot be billed until after they are reconciled with the customer.
 
We recognize revenue as follows: (1) we recognize the fixed portion of PMPM fees and fees for service as revenue during the period we perform our services; and (2) we recognize performance-based revenue based on the most recent assessment of our performance, which represents the amount that the customer would legally be obligated to pay if the contract were terminated as of the latest balance sheet date.
 
We generally assess our level of performance for our contracts based on medical claims and other data that the customer is contractually required to supply, interim assessments of achievement against performance targets, or metrics available from our operating platforms.  A minimum of four to nine months' data is typically required for us to measure performance.  In assessing our performance, we may include estimates such as medical claims incurred but not reported.  In addition, we may also provide reserves for contractual allowances (such as data reconciliation differences) as appropriate.
 
26

If data is insufficient or incomplete to measure performance, or interim performance measures indicate that we are not meeting performance targets, we do not recognize performance-based fees subject to refund as revenues but instead record them in a current liability account entitled "contract billings in excess of earned revenue."  Only in the event we do not meet performance levels by the end of the measurement period, typically one year, are we contractually obligated to refund some or all of the performance-based fees.  We would only reverse revenues that we had already recognized if performance to date in the measurement period, previously above targeted levels, subsequently dropped below targeted levels. 

During the settlement process under a contract, which generally occurs six to eight months after the end of a contract year, we settle any performance-based fees and reconcile healthcare claims and clinical data.  As of September 30, 2015, cumulative performance-based revenues that have not yet been settled with our customers but that have been recognized in the current and prior years totaled approximately $23.0 million, all of which were based on actual data.  Data reconciliation differences, for which we provide contractual allowances until we reach agreement with respect to identified issues, can arise between the customer and us due to customer data deficiencies, omissions, and/or data discrepancies.

Performance-related adjustments (including any amounts recorded as revenue that were ultimately refunded), changes in estimates, or data reconciliation differences may cause us to recognize or reverse revenue in a current fiscal year that pertains to services provided during a prior fiscal year.  During the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, we recognized a net increase in revenue of $10.6 million and $4.8 million that related to services provided prior to each respective year.

We are currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of ASC Topic 606, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers", will have on our revenue recognition policies and procedures, financial position, result of operations, cash flows, financial disclosures and control framework.

Impairment of Intangible Assets and Goodwill
 
We review goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level (operating segment or one level below an operating segment) on an annual basis or more frequently whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.  We may elect to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value.  If we conclude during the qualitative assessment that this is the case or if we elect not to perform a qualitative assessment, we perform a quantitative review as described below. 
 
During a quantitative review of goodwill, we estimate the fair value of each reporting unit using a combination of a discounted cash flow model and a market-based approach, and we reconcile the aggregate fair value of our reporting units to our consolidated market capitalization.  Estimating fair value requires significant judgments, including management's estimate of future cash flows, which is dependent on internal forecasts, estimation of the long-term growth rate for our business, the useful life over which cash flows will occur, and determination of our weighted average cost of capital, as well as relevant comparable company earnings multiples for the market-based approach. Changes in these estimates and assumptions could materially affect the estimate of fair value and potential goodwill impairment for each reporting unit.

If we determine that the carrying value of goodwill is impaired based upon an impairment review, we calculate any impairment using a fair value-based goodwill impairment test as required by U.S. GAAP. The fair value of a reporting unit is the price that would be received upon a sale of the unit as a whole in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.

Except for a trade name that has an indefinite life and is not subject to amortization, we amortize identifiable intangible assets, such as acquired technologies and customer contracts, over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method.  We assess the potential impairment of intangible assets subject to amortization whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying values may not be recoverable.  If we determine that the carrying value of other identifiable intangible assets may not be recoverable, we calculate any impairment using an estimate of the asset's fair value based on the estimated price that would be received to sell the asset in an orderly transaction between market participants.
 
We review intangible assets not subject to amortization, which consist of a trade name, on an annual basis or more frequently whenever events or circumstances indicate that the assets might be impaired.  We estimate the fair value of the trade name using a present value technique, which requires management's estimate of future revenues attributable to this trade name, estimation of the long-term growth rate for these revenues, and determination of our weighted average cost of capital. Changes in these estimates and assumptions could materially affect the estimate of fair value for the trade name.
 
27

Future events could cause us to conclude that impairment indicators exist and that goodwill and/or other intangible assets are impaired. Any resulting impairment loss could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations.
 
Income Taxes
 
The objectives of accounting for income taxes are to recognize the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and deferred tax liabilities and assets for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in an entity's financial statements or tax returns. Accounting for income taxes requires significant judgment in evaluating tax positions and in determining income tax provisions, including determination of deferred tax assets, deferred tax liabilities, and any valuation allowances that might be required against deferred tax assets.
 
We recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position should be measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. U.S. GAAP also provides guidance on derecognition of income tax assets and liabilities, classification of current and deferred income tax assets and liabilities, accounting for interest and penalties associated with tax positions, and income tax disclosures. Judgment is required in assessing the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in our financial statements or tax returns. Variations in the actual outcome of these future tax consequences could materially impact our consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.
 
Share-Based Compensation

We measure and recognize compensation expense for all share-based payment awards over the required vesting period based on estimated fair values at the date of grant.  Determining the estimated fair value of stock options at the grant date requires judgment in developing assumptions, which involve a number of variables. These variables include, but are not limited to, the expected stock price volatility over the term of the awards and expected stock option exercise behavior. In addition, we also use judgment in estimating the number of share-based awards that are expected to vest, after consideration of expected forfeitures and estimated vesting of performance-based stock units.

 Results of Operations

The following table shows the components of the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 expressed as a percentage of revenues.
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
 
Nine Months Ended
 
 
 
September 30,
 
 
September 30,
 
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenues
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
Cost of services (exclusive of depreciation and amortization included below)
 
 
81.0
 
%
 
 
80.2
 
%
 
 
82.0
 
%
 
 
81.7
 
%
 
 
 
 
Selling, general and administrative expenses
 
7.4
%
 
8.5
%
 
8.8
%
 
9.0
%
Depreciation and amortization
 
6.2
%
 
7.2
%
 
6.3
%
 
7.4
%
Restructuring and related charges 
 
0.9
%
 
%
 
0.3
%
 
%
Legal settlement charges
%
%
%
1.7
%
Operating income (loss) (1)
 
4.5
%
 
4.1
%
 
2.5
%
 
0.1
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest expense
 
2.3
%
 
2.5
%
 
2.3
%
 
2.5
%
Equity in loss from joint ventures    (10.0 )%    %    (3.5 )%   
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income (loss) before income taxes  (1)
 
(7.7
)%
 
1.6
%
 
(3.3
)%
 
(2.3
)%
Income tax expense (benefit)
 
(3.1
)%
 
0.6
%
 
(1.3
)%
 
(0.8
)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) (1)
 
(4.7
)%
 
1.1
%
 
(2.0
)%
 
(1.5
)%
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest (0.1 )%
%
(0.1
)%
%
Net income (loss) attributable to Healthways, Inc. (1) (4.6 )% 1.1 %
(2.0
)% (1.5 )%
 
(1) Figures may not add due to rounding.
28

Revenues

Revenues increased $10.7 million, or 5.8% , and $41.3  million, or 7.6%  for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2014, primarily due to the following:
 
·
an increase in average participation per member in our fitness solutions, primarily due to our initiatives to drive higher participation ;
·
an increase in the number of members eligible to participate in our fitness solutions, primarily due to increased enrollment in Medicare Advantage as well as growth in our customers' membership;
·
the commencement of contracts with new customers and ramping revenues under existing contracts; and
·
an increase in performance-based revenues, primarily due to the positive impact of our ability to recognize certain such revenues earlier in 2015 than in 2014.
These increases were somewhat offset by contract terminations in 2014 and 2015, including four health plan contracts in 2014 for our disease management solution (the "four terminated contracts"), and the completion of short-term consulting engagements with certain customers during 2014.
 
Cost of Services
 
Cost of services (excluding depreciation and amortization) as a percentage of revenues remained relatively consistent at 81.0% and 82.0%  for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, respectively, compared to 80.2% and 81.7% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014, respectively, although there were offsetting increases and decreases within the periods.
 
Increases in cost of services as a percentage of revenues were primarily due to the following:
 
·
the impact of the four terminated contracts and the completion of certain short-term consulting engagements that were in effect during 2014 and carried a lower than average cost of services as a percentage of revenues; and
·
three customer contract renewals that changed certain contract terms and structure, resulting in lower contract margins for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, but that provide us an opportunity to grow revenue and expand margins over the term of the contracts.
Decreases in cost of services as a percentage of revenues were primarily due to the following:
 
·
an increase in the recognition of performance-based revenues, while the related costs remained relatively consistent;
·
improved operating leverage and efficiency gains;
·
a decrease in support costs related to our technology platform, partially offset by recoupment of fees in 2014 related to certain supplier service level agreements; and
·
a decrease in the level of long-term incentive compensation expense based on the Company's actual and projected financial performance against established targets.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues decreased to 7.4% for the three months ended September 30, 2015 compared to 8.5 % for the three months ended September 30, 2014 primarily due to the following:
 
·
a decrease in expenses related to proxy contest defense costs, which were incurred in 2014 and did not recur in 2015; and
·
a decrease in the level of long-term incentive compensation expense based on the Company's actual and projected financial performance against established targets as well as the absence of such expenses in the three months ended September 30, 2015 related to our former president and chief executive officer.
29

Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues remained relatively consistent at 8.8% for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 compared to 9.0% for the nine months ended September 30, 2014, with a decrease in expenses related to proxy contest defense costs, which were incurred in 2014 and did not recur in 2015, mostly offset by increased expenses associated with the termination in May 2015 of our former president and chief executive officer.
 
Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization expense decreased $1.1 million, or 8.5% , and $3.2 million, or 7.8% , respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 compared to the same periods in 2014, primarily due to certain intangible assets becoming fully amortized during 2014.
 
Restructuring and Related Charges
 
In connection with the 2015 Restructuring Plan, we incurred charges of $1.8 million, which primarily consisted of third-party consulting charges incurred in connection with the 2015 Restructuring Plan.
 
Legal Settlement Charges
 
On April 17, 2014, we entered into an agreement with BCBSMN to resolve a contractual dispute. As a result of this settlement, we incurred charges of approximately $9.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2014.
 
Interest Expense

Interest expense remained relatively consistent for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015 compared to the same periods in 2014.
 
Equity in Loss from Joint Ventures

For the three months ended September 30, 2015, in connection with the Gallup Joint Venture (see Note 7 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this report), we incurred an impairment charge of $12.2 million based on the estimated fair value of our equity method investment in the Gallup Joint Venture at September 30, 2015 as well as a loss of $7.3 million on the Gallup Derivative.
 
Income Tax Expense
 
For the three months ended September 30, 2015, we had an effective tax benefit rate of 39.7%, compared to an effective income tax rate of 34.2% for the three months ended September 30, 2014.  For the nine months ended September 30, 2015, we had an effective tax benefit rate of 38.0% compared to 35.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2014. The change in the effective rates was primarily due to the smaller base of pre-tax income (loss) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014 compared to the same periods in 2015 in relation to certain unrecognized tax benefits and non-deductible expenses.
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources

Operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 provided cash of $ 38.8  million, compared to $ 32.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2014, primarily due to increased cash collections on accounts receivable for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2014.
 
Investing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2015 used $33.3 million in cash which primarily consisted of capital expenditures, most of which were associated with our Embrace platform.
 
Financing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2015 used $3.6  million in cash primarily due to net payments under the Fifth Amended Credit Agreement partially offset by proceeds from non-controlling interest and the exercise of stock options.
 
30

Credit Facility
 
For a detailed description of the Fifth Amended Credit Agreement, refer to Note 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report.  The Fifth Amended Credit Agreement contains financial covenants that require us to maintain specified ratios or levels at September 30, 2015 of (1) a maximum total funded debt to EBITDA of 4.25 and (2) a minimum total fixed charge coverage of 1.50. We were in compliance with all of the financial covenant requirements of the Fifth Amended Credit Agreement as of September 30, 2015.
 
Cash Convertible Senior Notes
 
For a detailed description of the Cash Convertible Notes, Cash Convertible Notes Hedges, Cash Conversion Derivative, and Warrants entered into in July 2013, refer to Note 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report. Aside from the initial premium paid, we will not be required to make any cash payments under the Cash Convertible Notes Hedges and could be entitled to receive an amount of cash from the option counterparties generally equal to the amount by which the market price per share of common stock exceeds the strike price of the Cash Convertible Note Hedges during the relevant valuation period. The strike price under the Cash Convertible Notes Hedges is initially equal to the conversion price of the Cash Convertible Notes. Additionally, if the market price per share of our common stock exceeds the strike price of the Warrants on any warrant exercise date, we will be obligated to issue to the option counterparties a number of shares based on the amount by which the then-current market price per share of our common stock exceeds the then-effective strike price of each Warrant. We will not receive any additional proceeds if the Warrants are exercised.
 
CareFirst Convertible Note
 
For a description of the CareFirst Convertible Note and CareFirst Warrants, refer to Note 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this report.
 
We believe that cash flows from operating activities, our available cash, and our anticipated available credit under the Fifth Amended Credit Agreement will continue to enable us to meet our contractual obligations and fund our current operations for at least the next 12 months.  We cannot assure you that we would always be able to secure additional financing if needed and, if such funds were available, whether the terms or conditions would be acceptable to us.
 
If contract development accelerates or acquisition opportunities arise, we may need to issue additional debt or equity securities to provide the funding for these increased growth opportunities. We may also issue debt or equity securities in connection with future acquisitions or strategic alliances.  We cannot assure you that we would be able to issue additional debt or equity securities on terms that would be acceptable to us.
 
Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-9 which creates FASB ASC Topic 606, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers" and supersedes ASC Topic 605, "Revenue Recognition." The provisions of ASC Topic 606 provide for a single comprehensive principles-based standard for the recognition of revenue across all industries and expanded disclosure about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue, as well as certain additional quantitative and qualitative disclosures. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those years. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting ASC Topic 606.
 
In June 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-12, "Accounting for Share-Based Payments When the Terms of an Award Provide That a Performance Target Could Be Achieved after the Requisite Service Period".  ASU 2014-12 requires that a performance target that affects vesting, and that could be achieved after the requisite service period, be treated as a performance condition.    As such, the performance target should not be reflected in estimating the grant-date fair value of the award. Compensation cost should be recognized in the period in which it becomes probable that the performance target will be achieved and should represent the compensation cost attributable to the period(s) for which the requisite service has already been rendered. ASU 2014-12 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015, including interim periods within those annual periods, with earlier adoption permitted. The adoption of ASU 2014-12 is not expected to have a material effect on our financial position or results of operations.
31

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-03, "Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs ("ASU 2015-03"),  which requires that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the related debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. This ASU is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015, including interim periods within those years, and should be applied on a retrospective basis to all periods presented. The adoption of ASU 2015-03 is not expected to have an impact on our results of operations or cash flows but will result in debt issuance costs being presented as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the related debt liability rather than as an asset.
 
Item 3.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

We are subject to market risk related to interest rate changes, primarily as a result of the Fifth Amended Credit Agreement.  Borrowings under the Fifth Amended Credit Agreement generally bear interest at variable rates based on a margin or spread in excess of either (1) one-month, two-month, three-month or six-month (or with the approval of affected lenders, nine-month or twelve-month) LIBOR or (2) the greatest of (a) the SunTrust Bank prime lending rate, (b) the federal funds rate plus 0.50%, and (c) the Base Rate, as selected by the Company.  The LIBOR margin varies between 1.75% and 3.00%, and the Base Rate margin varies between 0.75% and 2.00%, depending on our leverage ratio. 
 
In order to reduce our interest rate exposure under the Fifth Amended Credit Agreement, we have entered into interest rate swap agreements effectively converting a portion of our floating rate debt to fixed obligations with interest rates ranging from 0.690% to 1.480% plus a spread.

We estimate that a one-point interest rate change would have resulted in a change in interest expense of approximately $0.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015.

As a result of our investment in international initiatives, we are also exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risks. Because a significant portion of these risks is economically hedged with currency options and forwards contracts and because our international initiatives are not yet material to our consolidated results of operations, a 10% change in foreign currency exchange rates would not have had a material impact on our consolidated results of operations, financial position, or cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2015.  We do not execute transactions or hold derivative financial instruments for trading purposes.
 
Item 4.
Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, has reviewed and evaluated the effectiveness of our "disclosure controls and procedures" (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act")) as of September 30, 2015.  Based on that evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2015.  They are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms and to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
 
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting during the three months ended September 30, 2015 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
 
32

Part II
Other Information
 
Item 1.
Legal Proceedings
 
Junk Fax Prevention Act Lawsuits
 
On September 16, 2014, Healthways and its wholly owned subsidiary, HWHN, were named in a putative class action lawsuit filed by Edward Simon, DC in the Superior Court of California, County of Los Angeles, seeking damages and other relief relating to alleged violations of the TCPA, as amended by the JFPA, in connection with faxes allegedly transmitted to members of HWHN's network of complementary and alternative care practitioners. The JFPA prohibits sending an "unsolicited advertisement" to a fax machine and requires the sender to provide a notice to allow a recipient to "opt out" of future fax transmissions (including, pursuant to rules promulgated by the FCC, those sent with the prior express invitation or permission of the recipient). The complaint seeks damages in excess of $5 million. The case has been removed to the United States District Court for the Central District of California, Eastern Division.
 
On December 22, 2014, HWHN was also named in a putative class action lawsuit filed by Affiliated Health Care Associates, P.C. in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division ("Illinois Matter"), seeking damages and other relief relating to alleged violations of the TCPA, the Illinois Consumer Fraud and Deceptive Business Practices Act, and Illinois common law in connection with faxes allegedly sent to members of HWHN's network of complementary and alternative care practitioners. The complaint seeks damages in an unstated amount. On May 29, 2015, the plaintiff in the Illinois Matter voluntarily dismissed its lawsuit without prejudice; that plaintiff has been joined as a party in the California Matter. We deny the claims and intend to vigorously defend these actions.

In connection with these actions, on March 2, 2015, Healthways and HWHN filed with the FCC a Petition for Retroactive Waiver ("Waiver Petition") of the FCC's regulation that requires advertising faxes sent with the prior express invitation or permission of the recipient to include an "opt-out" notice. On August 28, 2015, the FCC granted the Company relief requested in the Waiver Petition .   We cannot predict the impact on the California Matter of the F CC' s grant of relief pursuant to the Waiver Petition .
 
Performance Award Lawsuit
 
On September 4, 2012, Milton Pfeiffer, claiming to be a stockholder of the Company, filed a putative derivative action against the Company and the Board in Delaware Chancery Court alleging that the Compensation Committee of the Board and the Board breached their fiduciary duties and violated the Company's 2007 Stock Incentive Plan by granting Ben R. Leedle, Jr., then chief executive officer and president of the Company, discretionary performance awards under the Plan in the form of options to purchase an aggregate of 500,000 shares of the Company's common stock, which consisted of a performance award in November 2011 granting Mr. Leedle the right to purchase 365,000 shares and a performance award in February 2012 granting Mr. Leedle the right to purchase 135,000 shares.  Plaintiff alleges that the Performance Awards exceeded what is authorized by the Plan and that the Company's 2012 proxy statement, in which the Performance Awards are disclosed, is false and misleading.  Plaintiff also alleges that Mr. Leedle breached his fiduciary duties and was unjustly enriched by receiving the Performance Awards.  Plaintiff is seeking, among other things, the rescission or disgorgement of all alleged "excess" awards granted to Mr. Leedle under the Performance Awards, to recover any incidental damages to the Company, and an award of attorneys' fees and expenses.  On November 2, 2012, the Company and the Board filed a Motion to Dismiss because Plaintiff failed to make a demand upon the Board as required by Delaware law.  On November 8, 2013, the Court denied the Company's Motion to Dismiss. On February 21, 2014, the Company filed its answer. On May 15, 2015, in connection with the termination of Mr. Leedle's employment, the Board ratified the awards to Mr. Leedle pursuant to Section 204 of the Delaware General Corporate Law and subsequently sent notice of the ratification to shareholders.   No shareholder filed a timely objection to the ratification.  Upon the expiration of the time period for shareholders to object to the ratification, the Company took the position that the ratification rendered the Plaintiff's claims moot.  The parties then agreed to submit a stipulation of dismissal of the case to the Court. On October 30, 2015, the Court entered an Order that dismissed the case with prejudice with respect to Plaintiff Milton Pfeiffer as moot but without prejudice to the proposed class.  No compensation in any form passed  to the Plaintiff or to Plaintiff's attorneys.  The Order preserves the right of counsel for Milton Pfeiffer to petition the Court for an award of attorneys' fees.
 
33

Outlook

We are also subject to other contractual disputes, claims and legal proceedings that arise from time to time in the ordinary course of our business.  While we are unable to estimate a range of potential losses, we do not believe that any of the legal proceedings pending against us as of the date of this report will have a material adverse effect on our liquidity or financial condition. As these matters are subject to inherent uncertainties, our view of these matters may change in the future.
 
Item 1A.
Risk Factors
 
In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties previously reported under the caption "Part I — Item 1A. Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014, the occurrence of which could materially and adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results. The risks previously reported and described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014 and in this report are not the only risks facing our business. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or those we currently deem to be immaterial may also materially and adversely affect our business operations.

There have been no material changes to our risk factors previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014.
 
Item 2.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
 
Pursuant to the Investment Agreement with CareFirst (as described under "Item 2.  Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Liquidity and Capital Resources – CareFirst Convertible Note"), CareFirst has an opportunity to earn warrants based on achievement of Revenue Thresholds for Quarterly Revenue.  On September 8 , 2015, we issued to CareFirst warrants to purchase 126,940 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of  $13.67 per share in accordance with the terms of the Investment Agreement. The issuance of the CareFirst Warrants was exempt from registration under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, because it was a transaction not involving a public offering.
 
Item 3.
Defaults Upon Senior Securities

Not Applicable.
 
Item 4.
Mine Safety Disclosures

Not Applicable.
34

Item 5.
Other Information

Not Applicable.
 
Item 6.
Exhibits

(a)
Exhibits
 
10.1
 
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (for Executive Officers) for July 1, 2015 under the Company's Amended and Restated 2014 Stock Incentive Plan
 
 
 
10.2   Separation Agreement, dated November 1, 2015, between the Company and Michael R. Farris
     
10.3
Employment Agreement, dated August 3, 2015, between Healthways, Inc. and Donato Tramuto [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 7, 2015, File No. 000-19364]
 
10.4   Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for Mr. Tramuto [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 7, 2015, File No. 000-19364]
     
10.5   Form of Market Stock Unit Award Agreement for Mr. Tramuto [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 7, 2015, File No. 000-19364]
     
10.6
Form of Market Stock Unit Award Agreement for September 24, 2015 [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 28, 2015, File No. 000-19364]
 
10.7
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (for Executive Officers and Other Senior Officers) for September 24, 2015 [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 28, 2015, File No. 000-19364]
 
10.8  
Seventh Amendment to Fifth Amended and Restated Revolving Credit and Term Loan Agreement  [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 29, 2015, File No. 000-19364]
     
31.1
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
 
 
 
31.2 Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
 
32
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
 101.INS
 
XBRL Instance Document
 
 
 
 101.SCH
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
 
 101.CAL
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
 
 
 
 101.DEF
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
 
 
 
 101.LAB
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
 
 
 
101.PRE
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase
 
35

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

 
 
 
 
Healthways, Inc.
 
 
 
 
(Registrant)
 
 
 
 
 
Date
   November 6, 2015
 
By
/s/ Alfred Lumsdaine
 
 
 
 
Alfred Lumsdaine
 
 
 
 
Chief Financial Officer
 
 
 
 
(Principal Financial Officer)
 
 
 
 
36

 

Exhibit 10.1
 

HEALTHWAYS, INC.
AMENDED AND RESTATED 2014 STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN
RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT
(EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND OTHER SENIOR OFFICERS)

This RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT (the " Agreement "), dated GRANT DATE , is by and between Healthways, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the " Company "), and PARTICIPANT NAME (the " Grantee "), under the Company's Amended and Restated 2014 Stock Incentive Plan (the " Plan ").  Terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings given to them in the Plan.

Section 1.                            Restricted Stock Unit Award .  The Grantee is hereby granted NUMBER OF SHARES restricted stock units (the " Restricted Stock Units ").  Each Restricted Stock Unit represents the right to receive one share of the Company's Common Stock, $.001 par value (the " Stock "), subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement and the Plan.

Section 2.                            Vesting of the Award .  Except as otherwise provided in Section 3 and Section 5 below, the Restricted Stock Units will vest at such times (the " Vesting Date ") and in the percentages set forth below, as long as the Grantee is serving as an employee of the Company on the Vesting Date.

Vesting Date
 
Award Percentage of
Restricted Stock Units
One Year from Grant Date
Two Years from Grant Date
Three Years from Grant Date
Four Years from Grant Date
 
 
25%
25%
25%
25%
The Company shall issue one share of Stock to the Grantee in settlement of each vested Restricted Stock Unit (the " Distributed Shares ") at the time the Restricted Stock Unit vests pursuant to any provision of this Agreement. The Distributed Shares shall be represented by a certificate or by a book-entry.

Section 3.                            Forfeiture on Termination of Employment .

3.1.              Termination by the Company for Cause .  If the Grantee's employment with the Company is involuntarily terminated for Cause, then all Restricted Stock Units that have not vested prior to the date of termination of Grantee's employment will be forfeited and the Grantee shall have no further rights with respect to such Restricted Stock Units.

3.2.              Termination by Reason of Retirement .  If the Grantee's employment by the Company terminates by reason of Retirement (as defined in the Plan), the Restricted Stock Units granted hereunder shall not be forfeited but shall be settled in Stock to the Grantee on the same schedule as provided in Section 2 (or otherwise) as if the Grantee had continued employment through each such Vesting Date (or such other vesting event pursuant to Section 3.4 or Section 5.2 ).


3.3.              Termination by the Company without Cause or by the Grantee for Good Reason .  If Grantee's employment with the Company (a) is involuntarily terminated by the Company for any reason other than termination for Cause, or (b) is terminated by the Grantee for Good Reason, then all Restricted Stock Units that have not vested prior to the date of termination of Grantee's employment described in this Section 3.3 shall immediately vest.  For purposes of this Section 3.3 , the term " Good Reason " shall mean (i) a material reduction in the Grantee's base salary (unless such reduction is part of an across the board reduction affecting all Company executives with a comparable title), or (ii) a requirement by the Company to relocate the Grantee to a location that is greater than 25 miles from the location of the office in which the Grantee performs his or her duties at the time of such relocation.

3.4.              Termination by Death or Disability .  If the Grantee's employment by the Company terminates by reason of death or Disability (as defined in the Plan), the Restricted Stock Units granted hereunder shall immediately vest.

3.5.              Other Termination .  If the Grantee's employment by the Corporation is terminated for any reason other than as described in Sections 3.1 through 3.4 above, then all Restricted Stock Units that have not vested prior to the date of termination of Grantee's employment will be forfeited and the Grantee shall have no further rights with respect to such Restricted Stock Units.

Section 4.                            Voting Rights and Dividends .  Prior to each Vesting Date, the Grantee shall be credited with cash dividend equivalents with respect to the Restricted Stock Units   at the time of any payment of dividends to stockholders on shares of Common Stock in accordance with the terms set forth in the Plan, and such dividend equivalents shall be paid (in cash, without interest) to the Grantee when the Restricted Stock Units to which they relate are settled in accordance with this Agreement.  The Grantee shall not have any voting rights with respect to the Stock underlying the Restricted Stock Units prior to the vesting of the Restricted Stock Units and the issuance of the Stock as set forth in Section 2 .  A holder of Distributed Shares shall have full dividend and voting rights as a holder of Stock.

Section 5.                            Restrictions on Transfer; Change in Control .

5.1.              General Restrictions .  The Restricted Stock Units shall not be transferable by the Grantee (or his or her personal representative or estate) other than by will or by the laws of descent and distribution.  The terms of this Agreement shall be binding on the executors, administrators, heirs and successors of the Grantee.

5.2.              Change in Control .  If Grantee's employment with the Company (or its successor company) (a) is involuntarily terminated within 12 months following a Change in Control for any reason other than termination for Cause, (b) is terminated by the Grantee for Good Reason within 12 months following a Change in Control, or (c) has terminated by reason of Retirement as of the date of the Change in Control, all restrictions imposed on the Restricted Stock Units shall thereupon lapse, the Restricted Stock Units will become free of all restrictions and become fully vested, and the Company (or its successor company) shall issue the Stock underlying the Restricted Stock Units to the Grantee; provided , however , that if in connection with a Change in Control, the acquiring corporation (or other successor to the Company in the Change in Control) does not assume the Restricted Share Units, then the Restricted Share Units shall vest and be settled in Stock issued to the Grantee immediately prior to the Change in Control. For purposes of this Section 5.2 , the term " Good Reason " shall mean (i) a material reduction in the Grantee's base salary or incentive compensation, (ii) a requirement by the Company (or its successor company) to relocate the Grantee to a location that is greater than 25 miles from the location of the office in which the Grantee performs his or her duties at the time of such relocation, or (iii) a failure by the successor person or entity, or the Board, either to honor the Grantee's employment agreement with the Company existing at the time a Change in Control occurs or to present Grantee with an employment agreement containing provisions substantially similar to such employment agreement or otherwise satisfactory to Grantee and which is executed by Grantee.

Section 6.                            Restrictive Agreement .  As a condition to the receipt of any Distributed Shares, the Grantee (or his or her legal representative or estate or any third party transferee), if the Company so requests, will execute an agreement in form satisfactory to the Company in which the Grantee or such other recipient of the shares represents that he or she is purchasing the shares for investment purposes, and not with a view to resale or distribution.

Section 7.                            Restricted Stock Units Award Subject to Recoupment Policy . The award of Restricted Stock Units is subject to the Healthways, Inc. Compensation Recoupment Policy (the " Policy ").  The award of Restricted Stock Units, or any amount traceable to the award of Restricted Stock Units, shall be subject to the recoupment obligations described in the Policy.

Section 8.                            Adjustment .  In the event of any merger, reorganization, consolidation, recapitalization, extraordinary cash dividend, stock dividend, stock split or other change in corporate structure affecting the Stock, the number of Restricted Stock Units subject to this Agreement shall be equitably and proportionately adjusted by the Committee in accordance with the Plan without duplication of Section 4 .

Section 9.                            Tax Withholding .  The Company shall have the right to require the Grantee to remit to the Company an amount necessary to satisfy any federal, state and local withholding tax requirements attributable to the vesting and payment of the Restricted Stock Units prior to the delivery of the Distributed Shares, or may withhold from the Distributed Shares an amount of Stock having a Fair Market Value equal to such federal, state or local taxes as shall be required to be withheld pursuant to any applicable law or regulation.

Section 10.                            Plan .  This Agreement is made under and subject to the provisions of the Plan, and all of the provisions of the Plan are also provisions of this Agreement.  If there is a difference or conflict between the provisions of this Agreement and the provisions of the Plan, the provisions of the Plan will govern.  By signing this Agreement, the Grantee confirms that he or she has received a copy of the Plan.

Section 11.                            Confidentiality, Non-Solicitation and Non-Compete.   It is in the interest of all colleagues to protect and preserve the assets of the Company. In this regard, in consideration for granting the Restricted Stock Units and as conditions of Grantee's ability to receive the Distributed Shares, Grantee acknowledges and agrees that:


(a)              Confidentiality . In the course of Grantee's employment, Grantee will have access to trade secrets and other confidential information of the Company and its clients.  Accordingly, Grantee agrees that, without the prior written consent of the Company, Grantee will not, other than in the normal conduct of the Company's business affairs, divulge, furnish, publish or use for personal benefit or for the direct or indirect benefit of any other person or business entity, whether or not for monetary gain, any trade secrets or confidential or proprietary information of the Company or its clients, including, without limitation, any information relating to any business methods, marketing and business plans, financial data, systems, customers, suppliers, policies, procedures, techniques or research developed for the benefit of the Company or its clients.  Proprietary information includes, but is not limited to, information developed by the Grantee for the Company while employed by the Company.  The obligations of the Grantee under this paragraph will continue after the Grantee has left the employment of the Company.  Grantee agrees that upon leaving the employment of the Company, Grantee will return to the Company all property and confidential information in the Grantee's possession and agrees not to copy or otherwise record in any way such information.

(b)              Non-Solicitation .  While employed by the Company and for a period of two years thereafter, Grantee shall not, upon Grantee's own behalf or on behalf of any other person or entity, directly or indirectly,

- hire or solicit to leave the employ of the Company any person employed by or under contract as an independent contractor to the Company; or

- contact, solicit, entice away, or divert any healthcare and/or well-being support services, coaching or management   business from any person or entity who is a client or with whom the Company was engaged in discussions as a potential client within one year prior to the date of termination of Grantee.

(c)              Non-Compete .  While employed by the Company and continuing during the period while any amounts are being paid to Grantee by the Company and for a period of 18 months thereafter, Grantee will not own or be employed by or assist anyone else in the conduct of any business (i) which is in competition with any business conducted by the Company or (ii) which Grantee knows the Company was actively evaluating for possible entry, in either case in the United States or in any other jurisdiction in which the Company is engaged in business or has been engaged in business during Grantee's employment by the Company, or in such jurisdictions where Grantee knows the Company is actively pursuing business opportunities at the time of Grantee's termination of employment with the Company; provided that ownership of five percent (5%) or less of the voting stock or other ownership interests of any business entity that is listed on a national securities exchange shall not constitute a violation hereof.

In the event Grantee breaches any provisions of this Section 11 , the Restricted Stock Units shall immediately expire, and the Company shall be entitled to seek other appropriate remedies it may have available in connection with such breach.


Section 12.                            Miscellaneous .

12.1.              Entire Agreement .  This Agreement and the Plan contain the entire understanding and agreement between the Company and the Grantee concerning the Restricted Stock Units granted hereby, and supersede any prior or contemporaneous negotiations and understandings.  The Company and the Grantee have made no promises, agreements, conditions, or understandings relating to the Restricted Stock Units, either orally or in writing, that are not included in this Agreement or the Plan.

12.2.              Employment .  By establishing the Plan, granting awards under the Plan, and entering into this Agreement, the Company does not give the Grantee any right to continue to be employed by the Company or to be entitled to any remuneration or benefits not set forth in this Agreement or the Plan.

12.3.              Captions .  The captions and section numbers appearing in this Agreement are inserted only as a matter of convenience.  They do not define, limit, construe, or describe the scope or intent of the provisions of this Agreement.

12.4.              Counterparts .  This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which when signed by the Company and the Grantee will be deemed an original and all of which together will be deemed the same Agreement.

12.5.              Notice .  All notices required to be given under this Agreement shall be deemed to be received if delivered or mailed as provided for herein, to the parties at the following addresses, or to such other address as either party may provide in writing from time to time.
 
To the Company:
Healthways, Inc.
 
701 Cool Springs Blvd
 
Franklin, Tennessee 37067
   
 
To the Grantee:
PARTICIPANT NAME
(Grantee name and address)
Address on File
 
at Healthways
   

12.6.              Amendment .  Subject to the restrictions contained in the Plan, the Committee may amend the terms of this Agreement, prospectively or retroactively, but, subject to Section 8 above, no such amendment shall impair the rights of the Grantee hereunder without the Grantee's consent.

12.7.              Governing Law .  This Agreement shall be governed and construed exclusively in accordance with the law of the State of Delaware applicable to agreements to be performed in the State of Delaware to the extent it may apply.


12.8.              Validity; Severability .  If, for any reason, any provision hereof shall be determined to be invalid or unenforceable, the validity and effect of the other provisions hereof shall not be affected thereby.  Whenever possible, each provision of this Agreement will be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, but if any provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect under any applicable law or rule in any jurisdiction, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability will not affect any other provision or any other jurisdiction, but this Agreement will be reformed, construed and enforced in such jurisdiction as if such invalid, illegal or unenforceable provision had never been contained herein.  If any court determines that any provision of this Agreement is unenforceable but has the power to reduce the scope or duration of such provision, as the case may be, such provision, in its reduced form, shall then be enforceable.

12.9.              Interpretation; Resolution of Disputes; Section 409A .

(a)              It is expressly understood that the Committee is authorized to administer, construe and make all determinations necessary or appropriate to the administration of the Plan and this Agreement, all of which shall be binding upon the Grantee.  Any dispute or disagreement which may arise under, or as a result of, or in any way related to, the interpretation, construction or application of this Agreement shall be determined by the Board.  Any determination made hereunder shall be final, binding and conclusive on the Grantee and the Company for all purposes.

(b)              Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, the settlement of the Restricted Stock Units (including any dividend equivalent rights) to be made to the Grantee pursuant to this Agreement is intended to qualify as a "short-term deferral" pursuant to Section 1.409A-1(b)(4) of the U.S. Treasury Regulations and this Agreement shall be interpreted consistently therewith.  However, under certain circumstances, settlement of the Restricted Stock Units or any dividend equivalent rights may not so qualify, and in that case, the Committee shall administer the grant and settlement of such Restricted Stock Units and any dividend equivalent rights in strict compliance with Section 409A of the Code.  Further, notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, if at the time of a Participant's termination of employment with the Company, the Participant is a "specified employee" as defined in Section 409A of the Code, and the deferral of the commencement of any payments or benefits otherwise payable hereunder as a result of such termination of service is necessary in order to prevent the imposition of any accelerated or additional tax under Section 409A of the Code, then the Company will defer the commencement of the payment of any such payments or benefits hereunder (without any reduction in such payments or benefits ultimately paid or provided to the Participant) to the minimum extent necessary to satisfy Section 409A of the Code until the date that is six months and one day following the Participant's termination of employment with the Company (or the earliest date as is permitted under Section 409A of the Code), if such payment or benefit is payable upon a termination of employment.  Each payment of Restricted Stock Units (and related dividend equivalent rights) constitutes a "separate payment" for purposes of Section 409A of the Code.

12.10.              Successors in Interest .  This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon any successor to the Company.  This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of the Grantee's legal representative and permitted assignees.  All obligations imposed upon the Grantee and all rights granted to the Company under this Agreement shall be binding upon the Grantee's heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assignees.


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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused the Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement to be duly executed as of the day and year first written above.
 
   
HEALTHWAYS, INC.
   
 
 
By:        /s/ Alfred Lumsdaine
Name:          Alfred Lumsdaine
Title:              Chief Financial Officer
 
     
 
GRANTEE: PARTICIPANT NAME

Online Grant Acceptance Satisfies
Signature Requirement



 

 

 

 

 

Exhibit 10.2
 
SEPARATION, NON-COMPETITION AND RELEASE AGREEMENT
 This SEPARATION, NON-COMPETITION AND RELEASE AGREEMENT (this " Agreement ") is entered into as of November 1, 2015 by and between Healthways, Inc. (the " Company ") and Michael R. Farris (" Executive ") (together, the " Parties ").
RECITALS
WHEREAS, Executive is employed by the Company pursuant to the terms of the Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between the Company and Executive, dated September 2, 2014 (the " Employment Agreement ");
WHEREAS, pursuant to the terms of that certain Purchase Agreement, dated as of October 28, 2015, among American Healthways Services, LLC (a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company) (" AHS "), Executive and NAVCO Acquisition, LLC (the " Purchase Agreement "), as a condition to the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement, Executive must execute and deliver this Agreement; and
 WHEREAS, in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement, the Company and Executive have agreed to terminate Executive's employment pursuant to the Employment Agreement by the mutual written agreement of the Company and Executive.
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements set forth hereinafter, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the Parties, intending to be legally bound, hereby agree as follows:
AGREEMENT
1.              EXECUTIVE'S SEPARATION . Executive's employment with the Company shall terminate on the date on which the transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement are consummated (the " Separation Date ").  As of the Separation Date, Executive shall resign from and no longer be an employee, officer, director and/or manager (or any equivalent position) of the Company or any subsidiaries or affiliates thereof, and Executive agrees he shall execute all documents necessary to effect such resignations.  The Parties hereby agree that, for purposes of the Employment Agreement, Executive's termination of employment will be treated as a termination by Executive without Good Reason (as defined in the Employment Agreement) pursuant to Section V.G of the Employment Agreement; provided , however , that the Company hereby waives the 90-day notice of resignation requirement set forth in Section V.G.1 of the Employment Agreement.
2.              SEPARATION PAYMENTS AND BENEFITS . In full and final satisfaction of any and all amounts and benefits due or which could become due to Executive pursuant to the Employment Agreement, any employee benefit or incentive plans or agreements in which Executive participates or is a party (including, without limitation, (i) any of the Company's equity incentive or stock option plans and (ii) all cash, equity and equity-based award agreements between the Company and Executive (each agreement listed in clause (ii) , an " Award Agreement " and, collectively, the " Award Agreements ")), it is agreed as follows:
a.              Executive will receive from the Company (i) a lump sum cash payment equal to any accrued yet unpaid Base Salary (as defined in the Employment Agreement) through the Separation Date and (ii) any group medical and life insurance benefits accrued through the Separation Date, in each case, payable within 30 days following the Separation Date;

b.              Executive will receive from the Company a pro-rated portion, based upon the number of days during which Executive was employed during the 2015 fiscal year, of the 2015 Bonus (as defined in the Employment Agreement), which amount will be determined for the period beginning on January 1, 2015 and ending on the Separation Date.  As soon as practicable after the Company's audited financial statements for the applicable period become available, but no later than March 31, 2016, the Company shall calculate the amount of the 2015 Bonus to which Executive was entitled pursuant to the immediately preceding sentence based on such audited financial statements.  Subject to Section 3 , the Company shall pay Executive the 2015 Bonus no later than April 15, 2016;
c.              Executive will receive from the Company a pro-rated portion (at the rate of $41,666 per month), based upon the number of days during which Executive was employed during the 2015 fiscal year (including the Separation Date), of the Retention Payment (as defined in the Employment Agreement); and
d.              Executive will receive from the Company the $250,000.00 bonus based upon achievement of Hawaii Medical Services Association's 2015 budgeted contribution margin and the execution of a binding long-term renewal of the Hawaii Medical Service Association relationship.
3.              RELEASE OF CLAIMS.  The Company shall not be required to make the payments and provide the benefits specified in Section 2 , other than those set forth in Section 2(a ) (the " Accrued Amounts "), unless Executive has executed and delivered to the Company the Release of Claims attached as Exhibit A hereto (the " Release ") within 30 days following the Separation Date.  Any payments or benefits specified in Section 2 , other than the Accrued Amounts, payable during such 30-day period shall be withheld and shall be paid to Executive on the first payroll date following the 30th day following the Separation Date as long as Executive executed and delivered to the Company the Release in accordance with this Section 3 . In the event the Release is not executed and delivered to the Company in accordance with this Section 3 , the payments and benefits specified in Section 2 , other than the Accrued Amounts, shall be forfeited.
4.              NO OTHER PAYMENTS OR BENEFITS .  Except for the payments and benefits provided for in Section 2 of this Agreement, any 401(k) plan or other vested benefits due to Executive pursuant to the terms and conditions of any employee benefit plan in which Executive was a participant on or prior to the Separation Date (but not including the Award Agreements) and any benefits that are due or may become due to Executive under any health or welfare plan of the Company in which Executive was a participant on or prior to the Separation Date, Executive acknowledges and agrees that he is entitled to no other compensation, payments or benefits from the Company and/or its subsidiaries and affiliates of any kind or nature whatsoever, including, without limitation, pursuant to the Employment Agreement or the Award Agreements, and/or for salary, severance pay, medical benefits, fringe benefits, vacation pay, bonuses, incentive compensation, sick pay, insurance, disability insurance, medical benefits, paid or unpaid leave, vesting of cash, equity or equity-based awards or any other allowance, payment, grant, award or benefit of any nature or description.
5.              TAX WITHHOLDING . The Company shall be entitled to withhold from any amounts otherwise payable hereunder to Executive any amounts required to be withheld in respect of federal, state or local taxes, and Executive shall be responsible for all taxes on amounts received under or related to this Agreement.
6.              REPRESENTATIONS .  Executive and the Company make the following representations, each of which is an important consideration to the other party's willingness to enter into this Agreement:
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a.              Executive understands and agrees that he has been advised to consult with an attorney of his choice concerning the legal consequences of this Agreement.  Executive hereby acknowledges that prior to signing this Agreement, he had the opportunity to consult, and did consult, with an attorney of his choosing regarding the effect of each and every provision of this Agreement.
b.              Executive acknowledges and agrees that he knowingly and voluntarily entered into this Agreement with complete understanding of all relevant facts and that he was neither fraudulently induced nor coerced to enter into this Agreement.
c.              Each of the Parties represents and warrants to the other that such Party has the capacity or authority, as applicable, to enter into this Agreement and be bound by its terms and that, when executed, this Agreement will constitute a valid and binding agreement of such Party enforceable against such Party in accordance with its terms.
7.              CONFIDENTIALITY, NON-COMPETITION, NON-SOLICITATION .
a.              The Company and Executive acknowledge and agree that the terms and conditions described in Section VIII of the Employment Agreement shall terminate and be of no further force or effect as of the Separation Date, and that such terms and conditions are replaced in their entirety by the provisions of this Section 7 .
b.              For purposes of this Agreement, the term:
(i)
" Business " means the provision of certain healthcare consulting and advisory services provided by Navvis Healthcare, LLC and its Subsidiaries (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) in the Ordinary Course of Business (as defined in the Purchase Agreement), including, without limitation, the consulting and advisory services described in the customer contracts listed on Exhibit A to the Purchase Agreement.  To ensure clarity, the Business does not include the promotion, sale or operation of the Dean Ornish Program for the reversal of heart disease or the promotion, sale or operation of Company's Well-Being Improvement Solutions (as defined in the Purchase Agreement);
(ii)
" Restricted Business " shall mean the delivery of care support services, health support services and population health management services that are the same as or substantially similar to the care support services, health support services and population health management services being offered by the Company or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates as of the Separation Date; and
(iii)
" Permitted Services " shall mean (A) the services and activities performed by the Company and its Subsidiaries in the conduct of the Business, (B) providing consulting and advisory services to health systems, physician groups and health plans controlled by health systems (" Permitted Clients ") regarding the design, implementation and operation of (i) care models (including transitions of care) for the management of insured and self-insured populations and (ii) health system and physician payment programs such as ACOs, bundled payments, episodes of care, performance contracts and risk contracts, (C) offering and selling to Permitted Clients, solely through a product distribution or commission arrangement with a third party vendor, software whose primary purpose is to support the administration and management of such care models and payment programs (" Permitted Software ") and (D) providing consulting and advisory services to managed Medicare and managed Medicaid health plans related to revenue optimization, care models (including transitions of care) and care coordination, health system payment methodologies and physician payment methodologies, and offering and selling Permitted Software to such health plans, solely through a product distribution or commission arrangement with a third party vendor of such Permitted Software.
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c.              The Executive acknowledges:
i.
that the Restricted Business is intensely competitive and that the Executive's employment by the Company required that the Executive have access to and knowledge of confidential information of the Company relating to its business plans, financial data, marketing programs, client information, contracts and other trade secrets, in each case other than as and to the extent such information is generally known or publicly available through no violation of this Agreement by Executive;
ii.
the use or disclosure of such information other than in furtherance of the Restricted Business may place the Company at a competitive disadvantage and may do damage, monetary or otherwise, to the Restricted Business; and
iii.
the engaging by Executive in any of the activities prohibited by this Section 7(c) shall constitute improper appropriation and/or use of such information. Executive expressly acknowledges the trade secret status of the Company's or its subsidiaries' or affiliates' confidential information and that the confidential information constitutes a protectable business interest of the Company and its subsidiaries and affiliates.  Executive expressly agrees not to use such confidential information or divulge such confidential information to anyone outside the Company without prior permission by the Company.
d.              The Company (which shall be construed to include the Company, its subsidiaries and their respective affiliates) and Executive agree that for a period beginning on the date hereof and ending on December 31, 2016, Executive shall not:
i.
directly or indirectly engage in Competition (as defined below), with the Company or its subsidiaries or affiliates within any market where the Company is conducting the Restricted Business on the date hereof.  For purposes of this Agreement, " Competition " by Executive shall mean Executive's being employed by or acting as a consultant or lender to, or being a director, officer, employee, principal, agent, stockholder, member, owner or partner of or permitting his name to be used in connection with the activities of any person or entity engaged in the Restricted Business, provided that, (A) it shall not be a violation of this subsection for Executive to become the registered or beneficial owner of less than five percent (5%) of any class of the capital stock of any one or more competing corporations registered under the 1934 Act, provided that, the Executive does not participate in the business of such corporation until such time as this covenant expires and (B) Executive is expressly permitted to engage in Permitted Services; and
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ii.
Executive further agrees that he will not, directly or indirectly, for his benefit or for the benefit of any other person or entity, do any of the following:
a.
solicit from any customer doing business with the Company as of Executive's termination business of the same or of a similar nature to the Restricted Business with such customer, provided , however , Executive shall not be restricted from soliciting such customers for Permitted Services;
b.
solicit from any potential customer of the Company business of the same or of a similar nature to that which, to the knowledge of Executive, has been the subject of a written or oral bid, offer or proposal by the Company, or of substantial preparation with a view to making such a bid, proposal or offer, within 18 months prior to the Separation Date, provided , however , Executive shall not be restricted from soliciting such customers for Permitted Services;
c.
except as contemplated by the Purchase Agreement, recruit or solicit the employment or services of any person who was employed by the Company as of the Separation Date and is employed by the Company at the time of such recruitment or solicitation; or
d.
make comments, whether oral or in writing, that disparage or injure the Company, its officers, directors, agents, employees, products and services.
iii.
Executive acknowledges that the services that were rendered by Executive to the Company were of a special and unique character, which causes this Agreement to be of significant value to the Company, the loss of which may not be reasonably or adequately compensated for by damages in an action at law, and that a breach or threatened breach by the Executive of any of the provisions contained in this Section 7 will cause the Company irreparable injury.  Executive therefore agrees that the Company will be entitled, in addition to any other right or remedy, to a temporary, preliminary and permanent injunction, without the necessity of proving the inadequacy of monetary damages or the posting of any bond or security, enjoining or restraining Executive from any such violation or threatened violations. Executive acknowledges that the terms of this Section 7 and his obligations are reasonable and will not prohibit Executive from being employed or employable in the health care industry.
e.              If any one or more of the provisions contained in this Agreement shall be held to be excessively broad as to duration, activity or subject, such provisions shall be construed by limiting and reducing them so as to be enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law.
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8.              TAX MATTERS; SECTION 409A . Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement, this Agreement shall be construed and interpreted to comply with or otherwise be exempt from Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the " Code "), as amended, and if necessary, any provision shall be held null and void to the extent such provision (or part thereof) fails to comply with Section 409A of the Code or regulations thereunder.  For purposes of the limitations on nonqualified deferred compensation under Section 409A of the Code, each payment of compensation under this Agreement shall be treated as a separate payment of compensation for purposes of applying the Section 409A of the Code deferral election rules and the exclusion from Section 409A of the Code for certain short-term deferral amounts.  Executive may not, directly or indirectly, designate the calendar year of any payment due hereunder.  Any amounts payable solely on account of an involuntary separation from service within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code shall be excludible from the requirements of Section 409A of the Code, either as involuntary separation pay or as short-term deferral amounts (e.g., amounts payable under the schedule prior to March 15 of the calendar year following the calendar year of involuntary separation) to the maximum possible extent.  If, as of the Separation Date, Executive is a "specified employee" as determined by the Company, then to the extent that any amount or benefit that would be paid or provided to Executive under this Agreement within six (6) months of his "separation from service" (as determined under Section 409A) constitutes an amount of deferred compensation for purposes of Section 409A and is considered for purposes of Section 409A to be owed to Executive by virtue of his separation from service, then such amount or benefit will not be paid or provided during the six-month period following the date of Executive's separation from service and instead shall be paid or provided on the first business day that is at least seven months following the date of Executive's separation from service, except to the extent that, in the Company's reasonable judgment, payment during such six-month period would not cause Executive to incur additional tax, interest or penalties under Section 409A.  Further, any reimbursements or in-kind benefits provided under this Agreement shall be made or provided in accordance with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code, including, where applicable, the requirement that (i) any reimbursement is for expenses incurred during the period of time specified in this Agreement, (ii) the amount of expenses eligible for reimbursement, or in-kind benefits provided, during a calendar year may not affect the expenses eligible for reimbursement, or in-kind benefits to be provided, in any other calendar year, (iii) the reimbursement of an eligible expense will be made no later than the last day of the calendar year following the year in which the expense is incurred and (iv) the right to reimbursement or in-kind benefits is not subject to liquidation or exchange for another benefit.
9.              RETURN OF COMPANY PROPERTY . Upon the Separation Date, Executive shall return to the Company all files, records, credit cards, keys, equipment and all other Company property or documents maintained by Executive for the Company's use or benefit.
10.              GOVERNING LAW .  This Agreement, its Exhibits and all rights, duties and remedies hereunder shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of Tennessee, without reference to its choice of law rules, except as preempted by federal law.
11.              SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS .  This Agreement will be binding upon and inure to the benefit of (a) the heirs, executors and legal representatives of Executive upon Executive's death and (b) any successor of the Company.  Any such successor of the Company will be deemed substituted for the Company under the terms of this Agreement for all purposes.  For this purpose, "successor" means any person, firm, corporation or other business entity which at any time, whether by purchase, merger or otherwise, directly or indirectly acquires all or substantially all of the assets or business of the Company.  None of the rights of Executive to receive any form of compensation payable pursuant to this Agreement may be assigned or transferred except by will or the laws of descent and distribution.  Any other attempted assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of Executive's right to compensation or other benefits will be null and void.
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12.              AMENDMENTS .  This Agreement may not be amended or modified other than by a written instrument signed by an authorized representative of the Company and Executive.
13.              INTERPRETATION .  The section headings contained herein are for reference purposes only and shall not in any way affect the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement. Each of the Parties has participated in the drafting and negotiation of this Agreement. If any ambiguity or question of intent or interpretation arises, this Agreement shall be construed as if it is draft by both Parties, and no presumption or burden of proof share arise favoring or disfavoring any Party by virtue of authorship of any of the provisions of this Agreement.
14.              COUNTERPARTS .  This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which shall constitute one and the same instrument.  Facsimile and .pdf signatures will suffice as original signatures.
15.                NOTICES .  All notices hereunder shall be in writing and delivered personally or sent by United States registered or certified mail, postage prepaid and return receipt requested.
If to the Company:

Attn: General Counsel
Healthways, Inc.
701 Cool Springs Blvd.
Franklin, TN 37067

If to Executive:

Michael R. Farris
[address on file]

16.              ENTIRE AGREEMENT .  This Agreement and its Exhibits, together with any other obligations specifically preserved herein and the specific terms of the Award Agreements referenced herein, set forth the entire agreement and understanding of the Parties relating to the subject matter hereof and merges and supersedes all prior discussions, agreements, and understandings of every kind and nature between the Parties hereto, and neither Party shall be bound by any term or condition other than as expressly set forth or provided for in this Agreement.
17.              SEVERABILITY .  If any provision hereof becomes or is declared by a court of competent jurisdiction to be illegal, unenforceable or void, this Agreement will continue in full force and effect without said provision.
18.              WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL . EACH PARTY HEREBY KNOWINGLY, VOLUNTARILY AND INTENTIONALLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, ANY RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY PROCEEDINGS BROUGHT BY THE OTHER PARTY IN CONNECTION WITH ANY MATTER ARISING OUT OF OR IN ANY WAY CONNECTED WITH THIS AGREEMENT. THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION 18 SHALL SURVIVE THE TERMINATION OF THIS AGREEMENT .
[ Signature Page Follows ]

7


 
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties, intending to be legally bound, have caused this Agreement to be executed as of the dates set forth below.

COMPANY
HEALTHWAYS, INC.
 
EXECUTIVE
 
         
By:
/s/ Alfred Lumsdaine
 
/s/ Michael R. Farris
Name:
Alfred Lumsdaine
 
Michael R. Farris
Title:
Chief Financial Officer
   
       
Date:
11/1/2015
 
Date:
10/28/15




 


8



Exhibit A
RELEASE OF CLAIMS
 In exchange for the payments described in Section 2 and 3 of the Separation, Non-Competition and Release Agreement (the " Separation Agreement ") by and between Healthways, Inc. (the " Company ") and Michael R. Farris (" Executive ") (together, the " Parties ") and in accordance with the terms of the Employment Agreement (as defined in the Separation Agreement), Executive hereby agrees as follows:
1.
Except as set forth in the Purchase Agreement, dated as of October 28, 2015, among American Healthways Services, LLC (" AHS "), Executive and NAVCO Acquisition, LLC (the " Purchase Agreement ") or any of the other Transaction Documents (as defined in the Purchase Agreement), Executive hereby forever releases and discharges the Company, and each of its predecessors, assigns, former and current employees, representatives, agents,  partners, owners,  parent companies, subsidiaries, affiliates, successors, including any and all persons acting with any of them (collectively, " Released Parties " or individually, " Released Party "), from any claims or causes of action, known or unknown (" Claims "), which Executive had, now has or claims to have, or may hereafter claim to have against any of the Released Parties.  Such Claims include those under any local, state or federal law, Executive Order, or at common law including, but not limited to, for wrongful termination, breach of an express or implied contract (including, without limitation, the Employment Agreement), breach of the covenant of good faith and fair dealing, breach of fiduciary duty, employment discrimination (including harassment, fraud, misrepresentation, defamation, slander, infliction of emotional distress, disability and loss of future earnings), and any claims pursuant to any Tennessee state law, and all claims under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended, 42 U.S.C. § 1981(a), the Employment Retirement Income Security Act, the Family and Medical Leave Act, the Americans with Disabilities Act, the Fair Labor Standards Act, the National Labor Relations Act, the Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act of 1994, the Immigration Reform Control Act, the Genetic Information Non-Discrimination Act and the Equal Pay Act, as well as all federal and state executive orders including Executive Order 11246 and all claims under other applicable federal, state and local codes, laws, regulations or ordinances concerning his employment with the Company or the termination thereof. Such Claims also include any claims that may be made by Executive or his affiliates pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, dated as August 24, 2011, among Executive, AHS, Navvis Healthcare, LLC and other parties thereto.  This Release further specifically encompasses all claims related to compensation, benefits, incentive packages and/or any other form of compensation Executive may or may not have received during his employment.  This provision does not include the release of claims with respect to any rights to indemnification, contribution or advancement of expenses Executive may have under the Company's certificate of incorporation or bylaws, in each case as currently in effect and as may be in effect from time to time, including any rights Executive may have under directors' and officers' insurance policies.

2.
In compliance with the Older Worker Benefit Protection Act, Executive acknowledges that he is specifically waiving any claims under the federal Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, as amended.

3.
Executive represents and agrees that he is fully aware of his rights and has been advised in this writing and otherwise to discuss any and all aspects of the Separation Agreement and this Release with his attorney or counselor of his choice, that he has carefully read and fully understands all of the provisions of the Separation Agreement and that before the execution of this Agreement he has been provided a period of twenty-one (21) days within which to consider each and every provision of the Separation Agreement and this Release in consultation with counsel of his choosing.  Executive acknowledges and agrees that he knowingly and voluntarily entered into the Separation Agreement and this Release with complete understanding of all relevant facts, and that he was neither fraudulently induced nor coerced to enter into the Separation Agreement or this Release.
 
A-1

 
4.
Executive further understands that even after signing this Release, he shall have a period of seven (7) days to reconsider and change his mind and revoke this Release.  This Release shall become effective and binding only on the 8 th calendar day after he has signed this Release and only in the absence of an effective waiver (the " Effective Date ").

5.
Executive represents that, he has not filed any other complaint(s), charge(s) or Lawsuit(s) against the Company or any other Released Party with the United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (the " EEOC ") or with any other local, state or federal agency or court.  This Agreement will not affect Executive's right to hereafter file a charge with the EEOC relating to matters outside the scope of this Agreement or to participate in an investigation or proceeding conducted by the EEOC; however , while this Agreement shall not act to prevent Executive from filing a charge of discrimination with or participating in an investigation or proceeding conducted by the EEOC, by signing this Agreement, Executive waives his right to recover any damages or other relief in any claim or suit brought by or through the EEOC or any other state or local agency on his behalf under any federal, state, or local anti-discrimination law against the Company or any other Released Party for any event which occurred as of the date of hereof, except where prohibited by law.  Executive further agrees that if any state or federal agency or court assumes jurisdiction of any complaint(s), charge(s) or lawsuit(s) against the Company or any other Released Party on behalf of Executive, Executive will request such agency or court withdraw from the matter, and Executive will refuse any benefits derived therefrom and hereby waives his right to recover any damages or other relief with respect thereto.


ACCEPTED AND AGREED,
as of the date set forth below:

/s/ Michael R. Farris
Michael R. Farris

Date: 11/1/15 _____________________________________





 
A-2



Exhibit 31.1
 
 
CERTIFICATION

I, Donato Tramuto, certify that:

1.              I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Healthways, Inc.;

2.              Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.              Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.              The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5.              The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.


Date:    November 6, 2015
 
/s/ Donato Tramuto
 
 
Donato Tramuto
 
 
Chief Executive Officer



Exhibit 31.2
 
 
CERTIFICATION
I, Alfred Lumsdaine, certify that:

1.              I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Healthways, Inc.;

2.              Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.              Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.              The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5.              The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 6, 2015
 
/s/ Alfred Lumsdaine
 
 
Alfred Lumsdaine
 
 
Chief Financial Officer
 
 
 



Exhibit 32
 
 
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Healthways, Inc. (the "Company") on Form 10-Q for the period ending September 30, 2015, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), we, Donato Tramuto, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and Alfred Lumsdaine, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

         (1)      The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

         (2)     The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.


/s/ Donato Tramuto
Donato Tramuto
Chief Executive Officer
November 6, 2015


/s/ Alfred Lumsdaine
Alfred Lumsdaine
Chief Financial Officer
November 6, 2015