As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 20, 2009
Registration No. 333-            



UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM S-3
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

Reading International, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
Nevada
95-3885184
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
 

500 Citadel Drive
Commerce, California 90040
(213) 235-2240
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)
 
Andrzej Matyczynski
Chief Financial Officer
Reading International, Inc.
500 Citadel Drive
Commerce, California 90040
(213) 235-2240
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
 
With a copy to:
Dale E. Short
TroyGould PC
1801 Century Park East
Suite 1600
Los Angeles, California 90067
Telephone: (310) 789-1259
Facsimile: (310) 789-1459
 
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public:   From time to time, as determined by the registrant, after this registration statement becomes effective.
 
If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box.   ¨
 
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box.   x
 
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.   ¨
 
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.   ¨
 
If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.D. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box.   ¨
 
If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.D. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box.   ¨
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.  (Check one):
 
             
o Large accelerated filer
 
ý Accelerated filer
 
¨ Non-accelerated filer
 
o Smaller reporting company
       
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
   
 



 
 

 

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

Title of each class of securities to be registered
Proposed maximum aggregate offering price (1)
Amount of registration fee (2)
Class A Non-Voting Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share(3)
 
   
Debt Securities(4)
 
   
Warrants to Purchase Class A Non-Voting Common Stock
 
   
Warrants to Purchase Debt Securities
 
   
Units
 
   
Total(5)
$100,000,000
$5,580.00

(1)
The securities registered by this registration statement may be sold separately, together with other securities registered hereunder or as units consisting of a combination of securities registered hereunder.  As permitted by Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act of 1933 and General Instruction II.D to Form S-3 under the Securities Act of 1933, the number of securities of each class of securities registered hereunder is not specified.  There is being registered hereunder an indeterminate amount of shares of common stock, debt securities, warrants to purchase common stock or debt securities and units of the registrant as may from time to time be issued at indeterminate prices.  The maximum offering price for each class of securities will be determined from time to time by the registrant in connection with the issuance of the securities registered by this registration statement.  In no event, however, will the maximum aggregate offering price of all securities issued under this registration statement exceed $100,000,000.  With respect to debt securities, the proposed maximum aggregate offering price excludes accrued interest.
 
(2)
The registration fee has been calculated in accordance with Rule 457(o) of the Securities Act of 1933.
 
(3)
Includes shares of common stock that may be issued in primary offerings, upon the conversion of convertible debt securities registered by this registration statement, upon the exercise of warrants registered by this registration statement and in conjunction with units registered by this registration statement.
 
(4)
Includes debt securities that may be issued in primary offerings, upon conversion of another series of debt securities registered by this registration statement, upon the exercise of warrants registered by this registration statement and in conjunction with units registered by this registration statement.
 
(5)
Pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement also registers such indeterminate amounts of securities as may be issued upon conversion of, or in exchange for, the securities registered hereunder and such indeterminate number of shares of common stock as may be issued from time to time upon conversion or exchange as a result of stock splits, stock dividends or similar transactions.
 
The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
 
 
 

 

The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed.  We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective.  This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities, and it is not a solicitation of any offer to buy these securities, in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
 
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED October 20, 2009
 
Prospectus
Reading International, Inc.
 
$100,000,000
 
____________________________________
 
Class A Non-Voting Common Stock
Debt Securities
Warrants to Purchase Class A Non-Voting Common Stock
Warrants to Purchase Debt Securities
Units
___________________________________
 
We may, from time to time, offer and sell up to $100,000,000 in the aggregate of:
 
 
·
shares of our class A non-voting common stock, par value $0.01 per share;
 
 
·
our secured or unsecured debt securities, in one or more series, which may be either senior, senior subordinated or subordinated debt securities;
 
 
·
warrants to purchase shares of our class A non-voting common stock;
 
 
·
warrants to purchase our debt securities; and
 
 
·
any combination of the securities listed above, separately or as units.
 
We will provide the specific terms of these securities, including the price and the type and amount of securities to be offered and sold, in a supplement to this prospectus.  You should read this prospectus and the prospectus supplement carefully before you invest.
 
We may offer and sell these securities directly to purchasers or to or through one or more underwriters, dealers and agents, and on a continuous or delayed basis.  If we sell securities to or through underwriters, dealers or agents, we will include their names and the fees, commissions and discounts that they will receive, as well as the net proceeds to us, in the prospectus supplement.  This prospectus may not be used to sell our securities unless accompanied by the prospectus supplement.  The delivery of this prospectus together with a prospectus supplement relating to the offered securities shall not constitute an offer of any other securities covered by this prospectus.
 
Investing in our securities involves certain risks.  See “Risk Factors” on page 2 of this prospectus and in the prospectus supplement for a discussion of risks that you should consider before you invest in our securities.
 
 
 

 

Our class A non-voting common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “RDI.”  On October 19, 2009, the last reported sales price for our class A non-voting common stock on the NASDAQ Capital Market was $4.58 per share.
 
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission or other regulatory body has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus.  Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
 
The date of this prospectus is October 20, 2009.
 
 
 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
 
 
ABOU T THIS PROSPECTUS
 
This prospectus is a part of a registration statement on Form S-3 that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or “ SEC, ” utilizing a “shelf” registration process.  Under the shelf registration process, we may sell any combination of the securities described in this prospectus in one or more transactions up to a total dollar amount of $100,000,000.
 
The rules and regulations of the SEC allow us to omit from this prospectus certain information that is included in the registration statement.  For further information about us and our securities, you should review the registration statement and the exhibits filed with the registration statement.  In addition, the SEC allows us to incorporate by reference into this prospectus information in the reports and other documents that we file with the SEC, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those reports and other documents.  The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus, and information that we later file with the SEC will automatically update and, where applicable, modify or supersede that information.  You may read the registration statement (including its exhibits) and the reports and other documents that we file with the SEC at the SEC’s website, www.sec.gov , or at the SEC’s Public Reference Room described below under the heading “Where You Can Find More Information.”
 
This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer.  Each time we offer securities under this shelf registration, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will contain specific information about the terms of that offering.  The prospectus supplement may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus.  You should read both this prospectus and the prospectus supplement together with the additional information described under the heading “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference.”  To the extent that any information in the prospectus supplement is inconsistent with the information in this prospectus, the information in the prospectus supplement will modify or supersede this prospectus.
 
This prospectus and the related prospectus supplement do not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any securities other than the registered securities to which they relate, nor do this prospectus and the prospectus supplement constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy securities in any jurisdiction to any person to whom it is unlawful to make such offer or solicitation in such jurisdiction.  You should not assume that the information contained in this prospectus and the prospectus supplement is accurate as of any date subsequent to the date set forth on the front of the document or that any information we have incorporated by reference is correct as of any date subsequent to the date of the document incorporated by reference, even though this prospectus and the prospectus supplement is delivered or securities are sold on a later date.
 
You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus, in the prospectus supplement and in any document incorporated by reference into this prospectus.  We have not authorized any salesperson, dealer or other person to provide you with information different from that contained in this prospectus, in the prospectus supplement or in any document incorporated by reference into this prospectus, and you are not entitled to rely upon any such different information.
 
References in this prospectus to “ Reading ,” “ the Company ,” “ we ,” “ us ” and “ our ” refer to Reading International, Inc. and our consolidated subsidiaries and predecessor corporations.

ABOUT READING

Reading International, Inc. was founded in 1983 as a Delaware corporation and reincorporated in 1999 in Nevada.  Our businesses consist primarily of:
 
 
·
the development, ownership and operation of multiplex cinemas in the United States, Australia, and New Zealand; and

 
 
·
the development, ownership, and operation of retail and commercial real estate in Australia, New Zealand, and the United States.

Our principal executive offices are located at 500 Citadel Drive, Commerce, California 90040, and our telephone number is (213) 235-2240.  Our website address is www.readingrdi.com , although the information on our website is not part of this prospectus.

RISK FACTORS
 
Before you decide whether to purchase any of our securities, in addition to the other information in this prospectus and in the prospectus supplement, you should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described under the heading “Risk Factors” in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and our subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, which are incorporated by reference into this prospectus, as the same may be updated from time to time by our future filings with the SEC.  You also should carefully consider any additional risks and uncertainties that are described in the prospectus supplement related to the offering of our securities.  If one or more of these risks and uncertainties materializes, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected.  In that event, you may not realize all, or any, of the potential benefits of an investment in our securities.

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus and the documents incorporated herein by reference contain forward-looking statements, and we anticipate that the related prospectus supplement will contain forward-looking statements.  These statements relate to future events or to our future financial performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results to be materially different from any future results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.  In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by the use of words such as “ believe ,” “ anticipate ,” “ intend ,” “ plan ,” “ estimate ,” “ may ,” “ could ,” “ anticipate ,” “ predict ,” or “ expect ” and similar expressions.  You should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements since they involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that are, in many cases, beyond our control.  Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance.  Actual events or results may differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors.  We do not undertake any obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.

Factors that may cause actual events or results to differ from those discussed in the forward-looking statements include, without limitation, competition from companies with greater resources than us and from other sources of entertainment and other entertainment delivery systems, general economic and business conditions, changes in technology affecting our cinema operations, fluctuations in currency exchange rates and other risks of operating internationally, and new governmental regulations, as well as the other risks described in the documents referred to above under “Risk Factors.”
 
USE OF PROCEEDS
 
Unless we state otherwise in the prospectus supplement, we intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of securities described in this prospectus to augment our working capital and for general corporate purposes.  Pending our use of the net proceeds for these purposes, we intend to invest the net proceeds in investment-grade, interest-bearing securities.
 
 
RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES
 
The following table sets forth our ratio of earnings to fixed charges for the periods indicated.  The ratio of earnings to fixed charges is computed by dividing our earnings by our fixed charges for the period indicated.  You should review Exhibit 12.1 to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part for details regarding the figures used to calculate the following ratios.
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2009
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
 
*
*
*
*
*
 
1.77

* Earnings were insufficient to cover fixed charges in at least a one-to-one ratio for the periods ended December 31, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, and 2008 by $7.1 million, $13.2 million, $2.0 million, $4.2 million, and $22.3 million, respectively.  For more detailed understanding of this computation, please refer to Exhibit 12.1 of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.  See “Where You Can Find More Information,” below.

THE SECURITIES THAT WE MAY OFFER
 
We, directly or through underwriters, dealers or agents designated by us from time to time, may offer, issue and sell, on terms to be determined at the time of sale, up to $100,000,000 in the aggregate of:
 
 
·
shares of our class A non-voting common stock, par value $0.01 per share;
 
 
·
our secured or unsecured debt securities, in one or more series, which may be either senior, senior subordinated or subordinated debt securities;
 
 
·
warrants to purchase shares of our class A non-voting common stock;
 
 
·
warrants to purchase our debt securities; and
 
 
·
any combination of the securities listed above, separately or as units.
 
The shares of our class A non-voting common stock, debt securities, warrants and units that we may offer are sometimes collectively referred to in this prospectus as the “ securities .”
 
We have summarized below the material terms of the various types of securities that we may offer.  We will describe in the prospectus supplement the detailed terms of the securities offered by that prospectus supplement.  If indicated in the prospectus supplement, the terms of the offered securities may differ from the terms summarized below.
 
DESCR IPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK
 
We are authorized to issue 100,000,000 shares of class A non-voting common stock, $0.01 par value per share, 20,000,000 shares of class B voting common stock, $0.01 par value per share, referred to in this section of the prospectus as “ class B common stock ,” and 20,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share.  As of October 20, 2009, there were approximately 21,123,582 shares of class A non-voting common stock outstanding and 1,495,790 shares of class B common stock outstanding.  An additional 627,850 shares of our class A non-voting common stock and 150,000 shares of class B common stock were reserved for issuance upon exercise of stock options outstanding as of such date.
 
We may offer shares of our class A non-voting common stock.  This prospectus describes the general rights and privileges of our class A non-voting common stock.  When we offer shares of our class A non-voting common stock, we will describe the initial offering price and the number of shares offered in a supplement to this prospectus.
 
Common Stock
 
Holders of class A non-voting common stock have no voting rights, except that the holders of class A non-voting common stock will be entitled to vote as a separate class on any amendments to our articles of incorporation or any merger that would adversely affect the rights, privileges or preferences of class A non- voting common stock, or on any liquidation or dissolution in which such holders would receive securities with lesser rights, preferences and privileges than those attributable to class A non-voting common stock.
 
 
Holders of class B common stock are entitled to one vote per share on all matters to be voted upon by our stockholders.  Holders of class B common stock do not have cumulative voting rights, and, therefore, the holders of a majority of the shares of class B common stock voting for the election of directors can elect all of the directors.  If this occurs, the holders of the remaining shares will not be able to elect any director.
 
Holders of class A non-voting common stock and class B common stock are entitled to receive any dividends that our board of directors may declare from funds legally available for distribution.  We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock and expects to retain future earnings, if any, for use in the operation and expansion of our business.  As a result, we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.  In addition, we may be bound by future contractual arrangements with lenders or other that restrict   our paying cash dividends on our common stock.
 
In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, the holders of class A non-voting common stock and class B common stock are entitled to share ratably in all assets legally available for distribution after payment of all debts and other liabilities and subject to the prior rights of any holders of preferred stock then outstanding.  Holders of our common stock have no preemptive or other subscription or conversion rights.  There are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to our common stock.
 
Preferred Stock
 
We are authorized to issue 20,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock.  Our board of directors has the authority without any further stockholder vote to issue the preferred stock in one or more series and to fix the price and rights of the preferred stock.  The issuance of preferred stock, while providing desirable flexibility in connection with possible acquisitions and other corporate purposes, could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of the Company.  It could also adversely affect the market price of our class A non-voting common stock and the rights of the holders of our class A non-voting common stock.  We have no current plan to issue any shares of preferred stock.
 
Charter Provisions
 
Our amended and restated articles of incorporation require that we obtain the approval of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of class B common stock before selling or issuing additional shares of class B common stock representing 5% or more of the then-outstanding class B shares.  This means, among other things, that our board of directors can not authorize a transaction involving the sale or issuance of class B common stock that would cause a change of control of the Company without the approval of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of class B common stock.  James J. Cotter, our Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer, currently owns beneficially a majority of the outstanding shares of class B common stock.
 
The foregoing provision of our amended and restated articles of incorporation may have the effect of discouraging, delaying or preventing someone from acquiring us or merging with us, which might cause the market price of our class A non-voting common stock to decline or prevent the holders of our class A non-voting common stock from realizing a premium over the market price of their shares.
 
Transfer Agent and Registrar
 
The transfer agent and registrar for our class A non-voting common stock is Computershare Trust Company, N.A. and can be contacted by telephone at (800) 962-4284.
 
DESCRIP TION OF DEBT SECURITIES
 
This prospectus describes in general terms the debt securities that we may offer pursuant to this prospectus.  When we offer a particular series of debt securities, we will describe the specific terms of the series in a supplement to this prospectus.  The terms of any debt securities we may offer under a prospectus supplement may differ from the terms described below.

 
The debt securities offered by this prospectus and the prospectus supplement will be issued under an indenture between us and a trustee.  We have filed a copy of the form of indenture as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and you should read the indenture for provisions that may be important to you.
 
The prospectus supplement relating to any series of debt securities being offered will describe the initial offering price, the aggregate principal amount and the following terms of the debt securities, to the extent applicable:
 
 
·
the title of the debt securities;
 
 
·
the price or prices at which we will sell the debt securities;
 
 
·
the date or dates on which we will pay the principal on the debt securities;
 
 
·
the rate or rates (which may be fixed or variable) per annum or the method used to determine the rate or rates at which the debt securities will bear interest, the date or dates from which interest will accrue, the date or dates on which interest will commence and be payable and any regular record date for the interest payable on any interest payment date;
 
 
·
the place or places where the principal of, premium, and interest on the debt securities will be payable;
 
 
·
the terms upon which we may redeem the debt securities;
 
 
·
the terms of any subordination of the debt securities to other indebtedness;
 
 
·
any restrictions on the transfer of the debt securities;
 
 
·
any obligation we have to redeem or purchase the debt securities pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provisions or at the option of a holder of debt securities;
 
 
·
whether the debt securities will be secured or unsecured and the terms of any secured debt securities;
 
 
·
whether the debt securities are convertible into other securities and the terms of any conversion rights;
 
 
·
with respect to debt securities convertible into other securities, the terms of any adjustments in the debt conversion price and the number of securities issuable upon the conversion of the debt securities to be made in certain events;
 
 
·
the name of the indenture trustee and the percentage of outstanding debt securities necessary to require the trustee to take action;
 
 
·
any restrictions imposed by the debt securities on our ability to pay dividends, to incur other indebtedness, to issue other securities or to engage in other business activities, and any requirement for us to maintain any asset ratio or reserves;
 
 
·
the denominations in which the debt securities will be issued;
 
 
·
whether the debt securities will be issued in the form of certificated debt securities or global debt securities;
 
 
·
the portion of the principal amount of the debt securities payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity date, if other than the principal amount;
 
 
·
the designation of the currency, currencies or currency units in which payment of principal of, premium and interest on the debt securities will be made;

 
 
·
if payments of principal of, premium or interest on the debt securities will be made in one or more currencies or currency units other than that or those in which the debt securities are denominated, the manner in which the exchange rate with respect to these payments will be determined;
 
 
·
the manner in which the amounts of payment of principal of, premium or interest on the debt securities will be determined, if these amounts may be determined by reference to an index based on a currency or currencies other than that in which the debt securities are denominated or designated to be payable or by reference to a commodity, commodity index, stock exchange index or financial index;
 
 
·
the events of default with respect to the debt securities;
 
 
·
the material United States income tax consequences applicable to the debt securities;
 
 
·
whether the debt securities are to be offered at a price such that they will be deemed to be offered at an “original issue discount” as defined in Section 1273(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986;
 
 
·
whether we or the trustee may amend the indenture without the consent of the holders of the debt securities;
 
 
·
any other terms of the debt securities which may modify or delete any provision of the indenture as it applies to that series;
 
 
·
any depositaries, interest rate calculation agents, exchange rate calculation agents or other agents with respect to the debt securities; and
 
 
·
a summary of other material terms of the indenture.
 
DESCR IPTION OF WARRANTS
 
We may offer warrants to purchase shares of our class A non-voting common stock, as well as warrants to purchase our debt securities.  If the warrants are issued pursuant to warrant agreements, we will so specify in the prospectus supplement relating to the warrants.
 
The following description will apply to the warrants offered by this prospectus unless we provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement.  The prospectus supplement for a particular series of warrants may specify different or additional terms.  The forms of any warrant certificates or warrant agreements evidencing the warrants that we issue will be filed with the SEC and incorporated by reference into this prospectus, and you should carefully review such documents.
 
The prospectus supplement will describe the following terms of warrants to purchase our common stock, to the extent applicable:
 
 
·
the title of the warrants;
 
 
·
the price at which the warrants will be issued and the exercise price of the warrants;
 
 
·
the price at which the warrants will be sold;
 
 
·
the aggregate number of warrants offered;
 
 
·
the number of shares of our class A non-voting common stock or the principal amount of our debt securities that may be purchased upon the exercise of each warrant, as well as the terms of any such debt securities;
 
 
·
the terms of any right by us to redeem the warrants;

 
 
·
the date on which the right to exercise the warrants will commence and the date on which this right will expire;
 
 
·
the procedures for exercising the warrants;
 
 
·
the terms on which the warrants may be amended;
 
 
·
with respect to warrants to purchase shares of our class A common stock, the terms of any adjustments in the warrant exercise price and the number of shares of our class A non-voting common stock purchasable upon the exercise of each warrant to be made in certain events, including the issuance of a stock dividend to holders of our class A non-voting common stock or a stock split, reverse stock split, combination, subdivision or reclassification of our class A non-voting common stock;
 
 
·
the effect on the warrants of our merger or consolidation with another entity or our sale of all or substantially all of our assets;
 
 
·
the maximum or minimum number of warrants which may be exercised at any time; and
 
 
·
the material United States income tax consequences applicable to the warrants and their exercise.
 
Holders of warrants to purchase shares of our class A non-voting common stock will not be entitled, by virtue of being such warrant holders, to vote, consent, receive dividends, receive notice as stockholders with respect to any meeting of stockholders for the election of our directors or any other matter, or to exercise any rights whatsoever as stockholders.  Holders of warrants to purchase debt securities will not be entitled, by virtue of being such warrant holders, to payment of principal of or any premium, if any, or interest on the debt securities purchasable upon exercise of the warrants or any of the other rights of holders of the debt securities.
 
Warrants may be exercised at any time up to the close of business on the expiration date set forth in the prospectus supplement relating to the warrants offered thereby.  After the close of business on the expiration date, unexercised warrants will become void.  Upon our receipt of the exercise price of the warrants upon the due exercise of the warrants, we will, as soon as practicable, forward the securities purchasable upon exercise.  If less than all of the warrants represented by such warrant certificate are exercised, a new warrant certificate will be issued for the remaining warrants.
 
DESC RIPTION OF UNITS
 
We may offer units that consist of a combination of two or more of the other securities described in this prospectus.  For example, we may elect to issue units for a specified price per unit, with each unit consisting of one share of our class A non-voting common stock and one warrant to purchase one additional share of our class A non-voting common stock at a specified price.  The holder of a unit also will hold each security that is included in the unit.
 
We have provided in the preceding sections of this prospectus a general description of our class A non-voting common stock and of the debt securities and of the warrants that we may offer.  If we elect to offer units, we will describe the specific terms of the units in a supplement to this prospectus.  Among other things, the prospectus supplement will describe, to the extent applicable:
 
 
·
the price of each unit;
 
 
·
the securities comprising each unit;
 
 
·
the exercise price of the warrants comprising part of the units;
 
 
·
the aggregate number of units offered;

 
 
·
the number of shares of our class A non-voting common stock or the principal amount of our debt securities that may be purchased upon the exercise of each warrant comprising part of a unit;
 
 
·
the terms of any right by us to redeem any of the securities comprising the units;
 
 
·
the date on which the right to exercise the warrants forming part of the units will commence and the date on which this right will expire;
 
 
·
any transfer restrictions on the units, including whether the securities comprising the units may be transferred separately;
 
 
·
the terms on which the units, or debt securities or warrants forming part of the units, may be amended;
 
 
·
with respect to any debt securities forming part of the units, the other matters listed above under “Description of Debt Securities”;
 
 
·
with respect to any warrants forming part of the units, the other matters listed above under “Description of Warrants”; and
 
 
·
the material United States income tax consequences applicable to the units.

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

We may sell the securities offered by this prospectus from time to time pursuant to underwritten public offerings, negotiated transactions, block trades or a combination of these methods.  We may sell the securities (1) to or through underwriters, dealers or agents for resale to the public or to a limited number of purchasers, (2) directly to one or more purchasers, or (3) through a combination of these methods of sale.  The prospectus supplement will describe the terms of the offering, including the names of any underwriters, dealers or agents engaged by us, the purchase price of the securities and the net proceeds to be received by us.

The securities offered by us may be sold from time to time in one or more transactions at:
 
 
·
a fixed price or prices, which may be changed;
 
 
·
market prices prevailing at the time of sale;
 
 
·
prices related to the prevailing market prices;
 
 
·
varying prices determined at the time of sale; or
 
 
·
negotiated prices.

We may solicit directly offers to purchase the securities being offered by this prospectus.  We may also designate agents to solicit offers to purchase the securities from time to time.
 
If we utilize one or more dealers in the sale of the securities being offered by this prospectus, we will sell the securities to the dealers, as principal.  The dealers may then resell the securities to the public at varying prices to be determined by the dealers at the time of resale.
 
If we utilize one or more underwriters in the sale of the securities being offered by this prospectus, we may execute an underwriting agreement with the underwriters at the time of sale and we will provide the name of any underwriters in the prospectus supplement which the managing underwriters will use to make resales of the securities to the public.  The underwriters may agree to purchase the securities from us either on a firm-commitment or best efforts basis.  In connection with the sale of the securities, we, or the purchasers of securities for whom the underwriters may act as agents, may compensate the underwriters in the form of underwriting discounts or commissions.  The underwriters may sell the securities to or through dealers, and the underwriters may compensate those dealers in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions.
 
 
With respect to underwritten public offerings, negotiated transactions and block trades, we will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement any compensation we pay to underwriters, dealers or agents in connection with the offering of the securities, and any discounts, concessions or commissions allowed by underwriters to participating dealers.  Underwriters, dealers and agents participating in the distribution of the securities may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, and any discounts and commissions received by them and any profit realized by them on resale of the securities may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions.  We may enter into agreements to indemnify underwriters, dealers and agents against civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, or to contribute to payments they may be required to make in respect thereof.
 
To facilitate the offering of securities, certain persons participating in the offering may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of the securities.  These transactions may include over-allotments or short sales of the securities, which involve the sale by persons participating in the offering of more securities than we sold to them.  In such circumstances, these persons would cover such over-allotments or short positions by making purchases in the open market or by exercising their over-allotment option.  In addition, these persons may stabilize or maintain the price of the securities by bidding for or purchasing securities in the open market or by imposing penalty bids, whereby selling concessions allowed to dealers participating in the offering may be reclaimed if securities sold by them are repurchased in connection with stabilization transactions.  The effect of these transactions may be to stabilize or maintain the market price of the securities at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open market.  These transactions may be discontinued at any time.
 
The underwriters, dealers and agents may engage in other transactions with us, or perform other services for us, in the ordinary course of their business.
 
LEGAL MATTERS
 
TroyGould PC, Los Angeles, California, has issued an opinion about certain matters with respect to the securities covered by this prospectus.
 
EXP ERTS
 
The consolidated financial statements, and the related financial statement schedule, incorporated in this prospectus by reference from the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2008, and the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their reports, which are incorporated herein by reference.  Such consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule have been so incorporated in reliance upon the reports of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
 
The financial statements of 205-209 East 57th Street Associates, LLC for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 incorporated in this prospectus by reference to our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2008 have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, independent accountants, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.
 
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
 
We are subject to the information and periodic reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and, in accordance with that act, file periodic reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC.  The periodic reports, proxy statements and other information filed by us are available for inspection and copying at prescribed rates at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549.  Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information about the operation of the SEC’s


Public Reference Room.  The SEC also maintains an Internet site that contains all reports, proxy statements and other information that we file electronically with the SEC.  The address of that website is www.sec.gov.
 
We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-3 under the Securities Act of 1933 covering the securities offered under this prospectus.  The registration statement, including the exhibits to the registration statement, contains additional information about us and the securities offered by this prospectus.  The rules and regulations of the SEC allow us to omit from this prospectus certain information that is included in the registration statement.  For further information about us and our securities, you should review the registration statement and the exhibits filed as part of the registration statement.
 
INCORPO RATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE
 
The SEC allows us to incorporate into this prospectus by reference the information we file with it, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to the documents containing that information.  The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus, and information that we later file with the SEC will automatically update and, where applicable, modify or supersede that information.
 
We incorporate by reference into this prospectus the following documents that we have filed, or will file, with the SEC (other than any portions of such documents that, in accordance with SEC rules, are deemed to be “furnished” rather than “filed” with the SEC):
 
 
·
Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 filed on March 16, 2009;
 
 
·
Our amended Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 filed on October 20, 2009;
 
 
·
Our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, 2009 and June 30, 2009 filed on May 14, 2009 and August 7, 2009, respectively;
 
 
·
Our Current Reports on Form 8-K filed on March 17, 2009, May 1, 2009, May 19, 2009, May 21, 2009 and August 7, 2009, respectively;
 
 
·
The description of our common stock contained in our Registration Statement on Form 8-A/12B filed on August 3, 2009 and any amendment or report subsequently filed for the purpose of updating such description; and
 
 
·
Each document that we file with the SEC under Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 after the date of this prospectus and before the termination of this offering, with information in each such filing to be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus as of the date we make the filing.
 
You may request a copy of any of these filings from us at no cost by writing or calling our Corporate Secretary at the following address or telephone number: Reading International, Inc., 500 Citadel Drive, Commerce, California 90040; (213) 235-2240.
 
 
10

 

Class A Non-Voting Common Stock
 
Debt Securities
 
Warrants to Purchase Class A Non-Voting Common Stock
 
Warrants to Purchase Debt Securities
 
Units

 
 
PROSPECTUS
 
October 20, 2009
 
 
 

 

PART II
 
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
 
Item 14.                      Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution .
 
The following table sets forth the expenses to be paid by the registrant, other than underwriting discounts and commissions, in connection with the offering of securities described in this registration statement.  All amounts shown are estimates except for the Securities and Exchange Commission registration fee, and the estimated amounts shown below are based upon an assumption that the registrant will sell the entire $100,000,000 of securities described in this registration statement in a single transaction.
       
Securities and Exchange Commission registration fee
  $ 5,580  
FINRA corporate filing fees
  $ 0  
NASDAQ Capital Market listing fee
  $ 5,000  
Printing and engraving expenses
  $ 5,000  
Legal fees and expenses
  $ 50,000  
Accounting fees and expenses
  $ 20,000  
Trustee’s fees and expenses
  $ 10,000  
Transfer agent and registrar fees
  $ 2,500  
Miscellaneous expenses
  $ 1,920  
         
Total
  $ 100,000  
         

Item 15.                        Indemnification of Directors and Officers .
 
As permitted by Chapter 78 of Nevada Revised Statutes, the registrant’s amended and restated articles of incorporation includes a provision that limits the liability of directors and officers to the maximum extent permitted by Nevada law.  Nevada law provides that, except for certain regulatory exceptions, a director or officer is not individually liable to the corporation or its stockholders for money damages as a result of any act or failure to act in his capacity as a director or officer unless it is proven that: (i) his act or failure to act constituted a breach of his fiduciary duties as a director or officer; and (ii) the breach of those duties involved intentional misconduct, fraud or a knowing violation of law.
 
As permitted by Section 78.7502 and 78.751 of the Nevada Revised Statutes, the registrant’s amended and restated articles of incorporation further provide:
 
·            For mandatory indemnification, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, for any person who is or was a director or officer, or is or was serving at the request of the registrant as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust, enterprise or nonprofit entity, including service with respect to employee benefit plans, against all liability and loss suffered and expenses (including attorneys’ fees) reasonably incurred by such person.
 
·            That the registrant’s obligation to indemnify any person who was or is serving at the registrant’s request as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, enterprise or nonprofit entity must be reduced by any amount such person may collect as indemnification from such other corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, enterprise or nonprofit entity.
 
·            That the registrant must advance to all indemnified parties the expenses (including attorney’s fees) incurred in defending any proceeding provided that indemnified parties (if they are directors or officers) must provide the registrant an undertaking to repay such advances if indemnification is determined to be unavailable.
 
·            That the rights conferred in the amended and restated articles of incorporation are not exclusive.
 
 
II-1

 

·            That the registrant may not retroactively amend the amended and restated articles of incorporation provisions relating to indemnity.
 
The registrant entered into indemnification agreements with all of the registrant’s directors and executive officers.  Under the indemnification agreements, the registrant agrees to hold harmless, indemnify and defend each of these persons, to the full extent permitted by Nevada law and subject to certain exceptions specified in the indemnification agreements, from and against any and all expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, damages, fines, penalties and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by the indemnitee in connection with any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (including an action by the registrant or in its name against such indemnitee) to which the indemnitee is made a party as a result of the fact that the indemnitee was a director, officer, employee or agent of the registrant.  In addition, the registrant has agreed to pay such costs or expenses as they are incurred and in advance of the final disposition of the action.

Item 16.                      Exhibits
 
The exhibits listed in the accompany Exhibit Index are filed or incorporated by reference as part of this registration statement.
 
Item 17.                      Undertakings.
 
(a)           The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:
 
(1)           To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:
 
(i)           To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;
 
(ii)          To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of this registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in this registration statement; notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; and
 
(iii)         To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in this registration statement or any material change to such information in this registration statement; provided, however, that paragraphs (1)(i), (1)(ii) and (1)(iii) do not apply if this registration statement is on Form S-3 and the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in this registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of this registration statement.
 
(2)           That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
 
(3)           To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.
 
 
II-2

 

(4)           That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser:
 
(i)           Each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in this registration statement; and
 
(ii)          Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by Section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of and included in this registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of this registration statement relating to the securities in this registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof; provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of this registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into this registration statement or prospectus that is a part of this registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in this registration statement or prospectus that was a part of this registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date.
 
(5)           That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of securities, the undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:
 
(i)           Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;
 
(ii)          Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;
 
(iii)         The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and
 
(iv)          Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.
 
(b)           The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the registrant’s annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan’s annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that is incorporated by reference in this registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
 
(c)           Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and is, therefore, unenforceable.  In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the
 
 
II-3

 

successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
 
 
II-4

 

SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Commerce, State of California, on October 20, 2009.
 
 
READING INTERNATIONAL, INC.
 
By: /s/ James J. Cotter                                                              
James J. Cotter
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer

POWER OF ATTORNEY
 
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints, jointly and severally, James J. Cotter and Andrzej Matyczynski, and each one of them, his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, each with full power of substitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this registration statement, and to sign any registration statement for the same offering covered by this registration statement that is to be effective upon filing pursuant to Rule 462(b) promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, and all post-effective amendments thereto, and to file the same and all prospectus supplements, with all exhibits thereto and all documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that each of said attorneys-in-fact and agents or any of them, or his or their substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated:

         
Signature
  
Title
 
Date
     
/s/ James J. Cotter
James J. Cotter
  
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
 
October 20, 2009
     
/s/ Andrzej Matyczynski
Andrzej Matyczynski
  
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
 
October 20, 2009
     
/s/ Eric Barr
Eric Barr
  
Director
 
October 20, 2009
     
/s/ James J. Cotter, Jr.
James J. Cotter, Jr.
  
Director
 
October 20, 2009
     
/s/ Margaret Cotter
Margaret Cotter
  
Director
 
October 20, 2009
     
/s/ William D. Gould
William D. Gould
  
Director
 
October 20, 2009
     
/s/ Edward L. Kane
Edward L. Kane
  
Director
 
October 20, 2009
         
/s/ Gerard P. Laheney
 
Director
 
October 20, 2009
Gerald P. Laheney
       
         
/s/ Alfred Villaseñor
 
Director
 
October 20, 2009
Alfred Villaseñor
       

 
II-5

 

EXHIBIT INDEX
 
Exhibit
Number
 
Description of Document
1.1
 
Form of Underwriting Agreement between Reading International Inc. and one or more underwriters to be named*
4.1
 
Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of Reading International, Inc. (previously filed by the registrant on August 7, 2009 as Exhibit 3.8 to the registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, for the year ended December 31, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference)
4.2
 
Amended and Restated Bylaws of Reading International, Inc. (previously filed by the registrant on March 25, 2005 as Exhibit 3.6 to the registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004 and incorporated herein by reference)
4.3
 
 
Form of Class A Non-Voting Common Stock Certificate of Reading International, Inc. (previously filed by the registrant on November 16, 2001 as Exhibit 4.1 to the registrant’s Amendment No. 1 to its registration statement on Form S-4 and incorporated herein by reference)
4.4
 
Form of Indenture between Reading International, Inc. and one or more trustees to be named**
4.5
 
Form of Debt Security*
4.6
 
Form of Warrant Agreement for Class A Non-Voting Common Stock, including form of Warrant*
4.7
 
Form of Warrant Agreement for Debt Securities, including form of Warrant*
4.8
 
Form of Unit Certificate*
5.1
 
Opinion of TroyGould PC**
12.1
 
Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges**
23.1
 
Consent of Deloitte & Touche, LLP**
23.2
 
Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP**
23.3
 
Consent of KPMG**
23.4
 
Consent of TroyGould PC (included in Exhibit 5.1)
24.1
 
Power of Attorney (included in Part II of this registration statement)
25.1
 
Statement of Eligibility of Trustee on Form T-1*
_____________
*
To be filed, if applicable, subsequent to the effectiveness of this registration statement (1) by an amendment to this registration statement or (2) as an exhibit to a Current Report on Form 8-K and incorporated herein by reference.
 
**
Filed with this registration statement.
 
 
II-6

 
EXHIBIT 4.4
 
Table of Contents
ARTICLE 1 DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
3
1.1  DEFINITIONS.
3
1.2  OTHER DEFINITIONS.
6
1.3  INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE OF TRUST INDENTURE ACT.
6
1.4  RULES OF CONSTRUCTION.
7
ARTICLE 2 THE SECURITIES
7
2.1  ISSUABLE SERIES.
7
2.2  ESTABLISHMENT OF TERMS OF SERIES OF SECURITIES.
7
2.3  EXECUTION AND AUTHENTICATION.
9
2.4  REGISTRAR AND PAYING AGENT.
10
2.5  PAYING AGENT TO HOLD ASSETS IN TRUST.
10
2.6  SECURITYHOLDER LISTS.
11
2.7  TRANSFER AND EXCHANGE.
11
2.8  REPLACEMENT SECURITIES.
11
2.9  OUTSTANDING SECURITIES.
11
2.10  WHEN TREASURY SECURITIES DISREGARDED; DETERMINATION OF HOLDERS’ ACTION.
12
2.11  TEMPORARY SECURITIES.
12
2.12  CANCELLATION.
12
2.13  PAYMENT OF INTEREST; DEFAULTED INTEREST; COMPUTATION OF INTEREST.
12
2.14  CUSIP NUMBER.
13
2.15  PROVISIONS FOR GLOBAL SECURITIES.
13
2.16  PERSONS DEEMED OWNERS.
14
ARTICLE 3 REDEMPTION
14
3.1  NOTICE TO TRUSTEE
14
3.2  SELECTION BY TRUSTEE OF SECURITIES TO BE REDEEMED.
14
3.3  NOTICE OF REDEMPTION.
14
3.4  EFFECT OF NOTICE OF REDEMPTION.
15
3.5  DEPOSIT OF REDEMPTION PRICE.
15
3.6  SECURITIES REDEEMED IN PART.
16
ARTICLE 4 COVENANTS
16
4.1  PAYMENT OF SECURITIES
16
4.2  SEC REPORTS.
16
4.3  WAIVER OF STAY, EXTENSION OR USURY LAWS.
16
4.4  COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATE.
16
4.5  CORPORATE EXISTENCE.
17
ARTICLE 5 SUCCESSOR CORPORATION
17
5.1  LIMITATION ON CONSOLIDATION, MERGER AND SALE OF ASSETS.
17
5.2  SUCCESSOR PERSON SUBSTITUTED.
17
ARTICLE 6 DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES
18
6.1  EVENTS OF DEFAULT.
18
6.2  ACCELERATION.
19
6.3  REMEDIES.
19
6.4  WAIVER OF PAST DEFAULTS AND EVENTS OF DEFAULT.
19
6.5  CONTROL BY MAJORITY.
19
6.6  LIMITATION ON SUITS.
19
6.7  RIGHTS OF HOLDERS TO RECEIVE PAYMENT.
20
6.8  COLLECTION SUIT BY TRUSTEE.
20
6.9  TRUSTEE MAY FILE PROOFS OF CLAIM.
20
6.10  PRIORITIES.
21
6.11  UNDERTAKING FOR COSTS.
21
ARTICLE 7 TRUSTEE
21
7.1  DUTIES OF TRUSTEE
21
7.2  RIGHTS OF TRUSTEE.
22
7.3  INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS OF TRUSTEE.
23
7.4  TRUSTEE’S DISCLAIMER.
23
7.5  NOTICE OF DEFAULT.
23
7.6  REPORTS BY TRUSTEE TO HOLDERS.
23
7.7  COMPENSATION AND INDEMNITY.
23
7.8  REPLACEMENT OF TRUSTEE.
24
7.9  SUCCESSOR TRUSTEE BY CONSOLIDATION, MERGER OR CONVERSION.
24
7.10  ELIGIBILITY; DISQUALIFICATION.
24
7.11  PREFERENTIAL COLLECTION OF CLAIMS AGAINST COMPANY.
25
7.12  PAYING AGENTS.
25
ARTICLE 8 AMENDMENTS, SUPPLEMENTS AND WAIVERS
25
8.1  WITHOUT CONSENT OF HOLDERS.
25
8.2  WITH CONSENT OF HOLDERS.
26
8.3  COMPLIANCE WITH TRUST INDENTURE ACT.
27
8.4  REVOCATION AND EFFECT OF CONSENTS.
27
8.5  NOTATION ON OR EXCHANGE OF SECURITIES.
27
8.6  TRUSTEE TO SIGN AMENDMENTS, ETC.
27
ARTICLE 9 DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE; DEFEASANCE
27
9.1  DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE.
27
9.2  LEGAL DEFEASANCE.
28
9.3  COVENANT DEFEASANCE.
28
9.4  CONDITIONS TO LEGAL DEFEASANCE OR COVENANT DEFEASANCE.
28
9.5  DEPOSITED MONEY AND U.S. AND FOREIGN GOVERNMENT OBLIGATIONS TO BE HELD IN TRUST; OTHER MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS.
29
9.6  REINSTATEMENT.
30
9.7  MONEYS HELD BY PAYING AGENT.
30
9.8  MONEYS HELD BY TRUSTEE.
30
ARTICLE 10 MISCELLANEOUS
30
10.1  TRUST INDENTURE ACT CONTROLS.
30
10.2  NOTICES.
30
10.3  COMMUNICATIONS BY HOLDERS WITH OTHER HOLDERS.
31
10.4  CERTIFICATE AND OPINION AS TO CONDITIONS PRECEDENT.
32
10.5  STATEMENT REQUIRED IN CERTIFICATE AND OPINION.
32
10.6  RULES BY TRUSTEE AND AGENTS.
32
10.7  BUSINESS DAYS; LEGAL HOLIDAYS; PLACE OF PAYMENT.
32
10.8  GOVERNING LAW.
32
10.9  NO ADVERSE INTERPRETATION OF OTHER AGREEMENTS.
32
10.10  NO RECOURSE AGAINST OTHERS.
33
10.11  SUCCESSORS.
33
10.12  MULTIPLE COUNTERPARTS.
33
10.13  TABLE OF CONTENTS, HEADINGS, ETC.
33
10.14  SEVERABILITY.
33
10.15  SECURITIES IN A FOREIGN CURRENCY OR IN EUROS.
33
10.16  JUDGMENT CURRENCY.
34

 
 

 
 
 
READING INTERNATIONAL, INC.
 
and
 
__________________________, as Trustee

 INDENTURE
 
Dated as of ,
 
 
 
 

 


 
CROSS-REFERENCE TABLE
 
 
 
 
TIA SECTION
 
INDENTURE SECTION
 
310(a)(1)(2)(5)
 
7.10
 
310(a)(3)(4)
 
Inapplicable
 
310(b)
 
7.8; 7.10
 
310(c)
 
Inapplicable
 
 
 
 
 
311(a)(b)
 
7.11
 
311(c)
 
Inapplicable
 
 
 
 
 
312(a)
 
2.6
 
312(b)(c)
 
10.3
 
 
 
 
 
313(a)(b)
 
7.6
 
313(c)
 
7.6; 10.2
 
313(d)
 
7.6
 
 
 
 
 
314(a)
 
4.2; 4.4; 10.2
 
314(b)
 
N/A
 
314(c)(1)(2)
 
10.4; 10.5
 
314(c)(3)
 
Inapplicable
 
314(d)
 
Inapplicable
 
314(e)
 
10.5
 
314(f)
 
Inapplicable
 
 
 
 
 
315(a)
 
7.1, 7.2
 
315(b)
 
7.5; 10.2
 
315(c)
 
7.1
 
315(d)
 
7.1; 7.2
 
315(e)
 
6.11
 
 
 
 
 
316(a)(last sentence)
 
2.10
 
316(a)(1)(A)
 
6.5
 
316(a)(1)(B)
 
6.4
 
316(a)(2)
 
8.2
 
316(b)
 
6.7
 
316(c)
 
8.4
 
 
 
 
 
317(a)(1)
 
6.8
 
317(a)(2)
 
6.9
 
317(b)
 
2.5; 7.12
 
318(a)
 
10.1
 
   
 
 
 
Note:
 
This Cross-Reference Table shall not, for any purpose, be deemed to be a part of the Indenture.

 
2

 

INDENTURE, dated as of __________________, ___________, by and between Reading International, Inc., a Nevada corporation, as Issuer (the “Company”) and ________________________, a _______________ organized under the laws of ___________________, as Trustee (the “Trustee”).
 
RECITALS OF THE COMPANY
 
The Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture to provide for the issuance from time to time of its debentures, notes or other evidences of indebtedness to be issued in one or more series (the “Securities”), as herein provided, up to such principal amount as may from time to time be authorized in or pursuant to one or more resolutions of the Board of Directors or by supplemental indenture.
 
All things necessary to make this Indenture a valid agreement of the Company in accordance with its terms have been done, and the execution and delivery thereof have been in all respects duly authorized by the parties hereto.
 
NOW, THEREFORE, THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH:
 
For and in consideration of the premises and the purchase of the Securities by the Holders thereof, it is mutually agreed, for the equal and proportionate benefit of all Holders of the Securities of a Series thereof, as follows:
 
ARTICLE 1
 

 
DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
 
1.1            DEFINITIONS.
 
“Affiliate” of any specified Person means any other Person which, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, or is controlled by or is under common control with, such specified Person.  For the purposes of this definition, “control” (including, with correlative meanings, the terms “controlling,” “controlled by” and “under common control with”), as used with respect to any Person, means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by agreement or otherwise.
 
“Agent” means any Registrar, Paying Agent, co-registrar or agent for service of notices and demands.
 
“Board of Directors” means the Board of Directors of the Company or any committee duly authorized to act therefor.
 
“Board Resolution” means a copy of a resolution certified pursuant to an Officers’ Certificate to have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors of the Company and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification which has been delivered to the Trustee.
 
“Capital Stock” means, with respect to any Person, any and all shares or other equivalents (however designated) of capital stock, partnership interests or any other participation, right or other interest in the nature of an equity interest in such Person or any option, warrant or other security convertible into any of the foregoing.
 
“Company” means the party named as such in the first paragraph of this Indenture until a successor replaces such party pursuant to Article 5 of this Indenture, and thereafter means the successor and any other primary obligor on the Securities.
 
“Company Order” means a written order signed in the name of the Company by two Officers, one of whom must be its Chief Executive Officer or its Chief Financial Officer.
 
“Company Request” means any written request signed in the name of the Company by its Chief Executive Officer, its President, any Vice President, its Chief Financial Officer or its Treasurer and attested to by its Secretary or any Assistant Secretary.
 
“Corporate Trust Office” means the office of the Trustee at which at any particular time its corporate trust business shall be principally administered.
 
 
3

 

“Default” means any event that is, or that with the passing of time or giving of notice or both would be, an Event of Default.
 
“Depository” means, with respect to the Securities of any Series issuable or issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities, the Person designated as Depository for such Series by the Company, which Depository shall be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act, until a successor Depository shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Depository” shall mean each Person who is then a Depository hereunder, and if at any time there is more than one such Person, such Persons.
 
“Dollars” means the currency of the United States of America.
 
“Euro” means the single currency of participating member states of the economic and monetary union as contemplated in the Treaty on European Union.
 
“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
 
“Foreign Currency” means any currency or currency unit issued by a government other than the government of the United States of America.
 
“Foreign Government Obligations” means, with respect to Securities that are denominated in a Foreign Currency, (i) direct obligations of the government that issued or caused to be issued such currency for the payment of which obligations its full faith and credit is pledged or (ii) obligations of a Person controlled or supervised by, or acting as an agency or instrumentality of, such government, the timely payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by such government, which, in either case under clauses (i) and (ii), are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof.
 
“GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles consistently applied as in effect in the United States of America from time to time.
 
“Global Security” or “Global Securities” means a Security or Securities, as the case may be, in the form established pursuant to Section 2.2, evidencing all or part of a Series of Securities issued to the Depository for such Series or its nominee, and registered in the name of such Depository or nominee, and bearing the legend set forth in Section 2.15(c) (or such other legend(s) as may be applied to such Securities in accordance with Section 2.2(24)).
 
“Holder” or “Securityholder” means the Person in whose name a Security is registered on the Registrar’s books.
 
“Indebtedness” means (without duplication), with respect to any Person, any indebtedness at any time outstanding, secured or unsecured, contingent or otherwise, which is for borrowed money (whether or not the recourse of the lender is to the whole of the assets of such Person or only to a portion thereof), or evidenced by bonds, notes, debentures or similar instruments, or representing the balance deferred and unpaid of the purchase price of any property (excluding any balances that constitute accounts payable or trade payables, and other accrued liabilities arising in the ordinary course of business), if and to the extent any of the foregoing indebtedness would appear as a liability upon a balance sheet of such Person prepared in accordance with GAAP.
 
“Indenture” means this Indenture as amended, restated or supplemented from time to time.
 
“Interest Payment Date,” when used with respect to any Security, means the Stated Maturity of an installment of interest on such Security.
 
“Lien” means, with respect to any property or assets of any Person, any mortgage or deed of trust, pledge, hypothecation, assignment, deposit arrangement, security interest, lien, charge, easement, encumbrance, preference, priority or other security agreement or preferential arrangement of any kind or nature whatsoever on or with respect to such property or assets (including, without limitation, any capitalized lease obligation, conditional sales or other title retention agreement having substantially the same economic effect as any of the foregoing).
 
“Maturity,” when used with respect to any Security, means the date on which the principal of such Security, or an installment of principal, becomes due and payable as therein or herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by declaration of acceleration, call for redemption, notice of option to elect payment or otherwise.
 
 
4

 

“Officer” means the Chief Executive Officer, the President, any Vice President, the Chief Financial Officer, the Treasurer or the Secretary of the Company, or any other officer designated by the Board of Directors, as the case may be.
 
“Officers’ Certificate” means, with respect to any Person, a certificate signed by the Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, President or any Senior or Executive Vice President and the Chief Financial Officer or any Treasurer of such Person, that shall comply with applicable provisions of this Indenture.
 
“Opinion of Counsel” means a written opinion from legal counsel, which counsel is reasonably acceptable to the Trustee.  The counsel may be an employee of or counsel to the Company.
 
“Person” means any individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, association, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization or government (including any agency or political subdivision thereof).
 
“Redemption Date,” when used with respect to any Security to be redeemed, means the date fixed for such redemption pursuant to this Indenture.
 
“Responsible Officer,” when used with respect to the Trustee, means any officer within the corporate trust department or division of the Trustee (or any successor group of the Trustee) or any other officer of the Trustee customarily performing functions similar to those performed by any of the above designated officers, and also means, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter, any other officer to whom such matter is referred because of his knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject.
 
“SEC” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission as constituted from time to time, or any successor performing substantially the same functions.
 
“Securities” means the securities that are issued under this Indenture, as amended or supplemented from time to time pursuant to this Indenture.
 
“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
 
“Series” or “Series of Securities” means each series of debentures, notes or other debt instruments of the Company created pursuant to Sections 2.1 and 2.2.
 
“Significant Subsidiary” means (i) any direct or indirect Subsidiary of the Company that would be a “significant subsidiary” as defined in Article 1, Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X, promulgated pursuant to the Securities Act, as such regulation is in effect on the date hereof, or (ii) any group of direct or indirect Subsidiaries of the Company that, taken together as a group, would be a “significant subsidiary” as defined in Article 1, Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X, promulgated pursuant to the Securities Act, as such regulation is in effect on the date hereof.
 
“Stated Maturity,” when used with respect to any Security or any installment of principal thereof or interest thereon, means the date specified in such Security as the fixed date on which the principal of such Security, or such installment of principal or interest, is due and payable, and when used with respect to any other Indebtedness, means the date specified in the instrument governing such Indebtedness as the fixed date on which the principal of such Indebtedness, or any installment of interest thereon, is due and payable.
 
“Subsidiary” of any specified Person means any corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, association or other business entity, whether now existing or hereafter organized or acquired, (i) in the case of a corporation, of which more than 50% of the total voting power of the Capital Stock entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of directors thereof is held, directly or indirectly, by such Person or any of its Subsidiaries; or (ii) in the case of a partnership, joint venture, association or other business entity, with respect to which such Person or any of its Subsidiaries has the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such entity by contract or otherwise, or if in accordance with GAAP such entity is consolidated with such Person for financial statement purposes.
 
“TIA” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 (15 U.S. Code Section 77aaa-77bbbb) as in effect on the date of this Indenture (except as provided in Section 8.3).
 
 
5

 

“Trustee” means the party named as such in this Indenture until a successor replaces it pursuant to this Indenture, and thereafter means the successor, and if at any time there is more than one such Person, “Trustee” as used with respect to the Securities of any Series shall mean the Trustee with respect to Securities of that Series.
 
“U.S. Government Obligations” means direct non-callable obligations of, or non-callable obligations guaranteed by, the United States of America for the payment of which obligation or guarantee the full faith and credit of the United States of America is pledged.
 
1.2            OTHER DEFINITIONS.
 
The definitions of the following terms may be found in the sections indicated as follows:
 
TERM
 
DEFINED IN SECTION
“Bankruptcy Law”
 
6.1
 
 
 
“Business Day”
 
10.7
 
 
 
“Covenant Defeasance”
 
9.3
 
 
 
“Custodian”
 
6.1
 
 
 
“Event of Default”
 
6.1
 
 
 
“Journal”
 
10.15
 
 
 
“Judgment Currency”
 
10.16
 
 
 
“Legal Defeasance”
 
9.2
 
 
 
“Legal Holiday”
 
10.7
 
 
 
“Market Exchange Rate”
 
10.15
 
 
 
“New York Paying Agent”
 
2.4
 
 
 
“Paying Agent”
 
2.4
 
 
 
“Place of Payment”
 
10.7
 
 
 
“Registrar”
 
2.4
     
“Required Currency”
 
10.16
 
 
 
“Service Agent”
 
2.4
     
1.3            INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE OF TRUST INDENTURE ACT.
 
Whenever this Indenture refers to a provision of the TIA, the portion of such provision required to be incorporated herein in order for this Indenture to be qualified under the TIA is incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Indenture.  The following TIA terms used in this Indenture have the following meanings:
 
“Commission” means the SEC.
 
 
6

 

“indenture securities” means the Securities.
 
“indenture securityholder” means a Holder or Securityholder.
 
“indenture to be qualified” means this Indenture.
 
“indenture trustee” or “institutional trustee” means the Trustee.
 
“obligor on the indenture securities” means the Company.
 
All other terms used in this Indenture that are defined by the TIA, defined in the TIA by reference to another statute or defined by SEC rule have the meanings therein assigned to them.
 
1.4            RULES OF CONSTRUCTION.
 
Unless the context otherwise requires:
 
(1)           a term has the meaning assigned to it herein, whether defined expressly or by reference;
 
(2)           an accounting term not otherwise defined has the meaning assigned to it in accordance with GAAP;
 
(3)           “or” is not exclusive;
 
(4)           words in the singular include the plural, and in the plural include the singular;
 
(5)           words used herein implying any gender shall apply to each gender; and
 
(6)           the words “herein,” “hereof” and “hereunder” and other words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision.
 
ARTICLE 2
 
THE SECURITIES
 
2.1            ISSUABLE SERIES.
 
The aggregate principal amount of Securities that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is $100,000,000.  The Securities may be issued in one or more Series.  All Securities of a Series shall be identical except as may be set forth in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officers’ Certificate detailing the adoption of the terms thereof pursuant to the authority granted under a Board Resolution.  In the case of Securities of a Series to be issued from time to time, the Board Resolution, Officers’ Certificate or supplemental indenture may provide for the method by which specified terms (such as interest rate, Stated Maturity, record date or date from which interest shall accrue) are to be determined.  Securities may differ between Series in respect of any matters, PROVIDED, that all Series of Securities shall be equally and ratably entitled to the benefits of the Indenture.
 
2.2            ESTABLISHMENT OF TERMS OF SERIES OF SECURITIES.
 
At or prior to the issuance of any Securities within a Series, the following shall be established (as to the Series generally, in the case of Subsection 2.2(1) and either as to such Securities within the Series or as to the Series generally in the case of Subsections 2.2(2) through 2.2(24)) by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officers’ Certificate, in each case, pursuant to authority granted under a Board Resolution:
 
(1)           the title of the Series (which shall distinguish the Securities of that particular Series from the Securities of any other Series);
 
 
7

 

(2)           any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Securities of the Series which may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities of the Series pursuant to Section 2.7, 2.8, 2.11, 3.6 or 8.5);
 
(3)           the price or prices (expressed as a percentage of the principal amount thereof) at which the Securities of the Series will be issued;
 
(4)           the date or dates on which the principal of the Securities of the Series is payable;
 
(5)           the rate or rates (which may be fixed or variable) per annum or, if applicable, the method used to determine such rate or rates (including, but not limited to, any commodity, commodity index, stock exchange index or financial index) at which the Securities of the Series shall bear interest, if any, the date or dates from which such interest, if any, shall accrue, the date or dates on which such interest, if any, shall commence and be payable and any regular record date for the interest payable on any Interest Payment Date;
 
(6)           the place or places where the principal of, and interest and premium, if any, on, the Securities of the Series shall be payable, or the method of such payment, if by wire transfer, mail or other means;
 
(7)           if applicable, the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and the terms and conditions upon which the Securities of the Series may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at the option of the Company;
 
(8)           the obligation, if any, of the Company to redeem or purchase the Securities of the Series pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provisions or at the option of a Holder thereof, and the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and the terms and conditions upon which Securities of the Series shall be redeemed or purchased, in whole or in part, pursuant to such obligation;
 
(9)           the dates, if any, on which and the price or prices at which the Securities of the Series will be repurchased by the Company at the option of the Holders thereof, and other detailed terms and provisions of such repurchase obligations;
 
(10)           if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof, the denominations in which the Securities of the Series shall be issuable;
 
(11)           the forms of the Securities of the Series in bearer (if to be issued outside of the United States of America) or fully registered form (and, if in fully registered form, whether the Securities will be issuable as Global Securities);
 
(12)           if other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of the Securities of the Series that shall be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.2;
 
(13)           the currency of denomination of the Securities of the Series, which may be Dollars or any Foreign Currency, including, but not limited to, the Euro, and, if such currency of denomination is a composite currency other than the Euro, the agency or organization, if any, responsible for overseeing such composite currency;
 
(14)           the designation of the currency, currencies or currency units in which payment of the principal of, and interest and premium, if any, on, the Securities of the Series will be made;
 
(15)           if payments of principal of, or interest or premium, if any, on, the Securities of the Series are to be made in one or more currencies or currency units other than that or those in which such Securities are denominated, the manner in which the exchange rate with respect to such payments will be determined;
 
(16)           the manner in which the amounts of payment of principal of, or interest and premium, if any, on, the Securities of the Series will be determined, if such amounts may be determined by reference to an index based on a currency or currencies or by reference to a commodity, commodity index, stock exchange index or financial index;
 
(17)           the provisions, if any, relating to any collateral provided for the Securities of the Series;
 
 
8

 

(18)           any addition to or change in the covenants set forth in Articles 4 or 5 that applies to Securities of the Series;
 
(19)           any addition to or change in the Events of Default which applies to any Securities of the Series, and any change in the right of the Trustee or the requisite Holders of such Securities to declare the principal amount thereof due and payable pursuant to Section 6.2;
 
(20)           the terms and conditions, if any, for conversion of the Securities into or exchange of the Securities for shares of common stock or preferred stock of the Company that apply to Securities of the Series;
 
(21)           any depositories, interest rate calculation agents, exchange rate calculation agents or other agents with respect to Securities of such Series if other than those appointed herein;
 
(22)           the terms and conditions, if any, upon which the Securities shall be subordinated in right of payment to other Indebtedness of the Company;
 
(23)           if applicable, that the Securities of the Series, in whole or any specified part, shall be defeasible pursuant to Article 9; and
 
(24)           any other terms of the Securities of the Series (which terms shall not be inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture, except as permitted by Section 8.1, but which may modify or delete any provision of this Indenture insofar as it applies to such Series).
 
All Securities of any one Series need not be issued at the same time, and may be issued from time to time, consistent with the terms of this Indenture, if so provided by or pursuant to the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officers’ Certificate referred to above, however, the authorized principal amount of any Series may not be increased to provide for issuances of additional Securities of such Series, unless otherwise provided in such Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officers’ Certificate.
 
2.3            EXECUTION AND AUTHENTICATION.
 
The Securities shall be executed on behalf of the Company by two Officers of the Company or an Officer and an Assistant Secretary of the Company.  Each such signature may be either manual or facsimile.  The Company’s seal may be impressed, affixed, imprinted or reproduced on the Securities and may be in facsimile form.
 
If an Officer whose signature is on a Security no longer holds that office at the time the Security is authenticated, the Security shall nevertheless be valid.
 
A Security shall not be valid until authenticated by the manual signature of the Trustee or an authenticating agent.  The signature shall be conclusive evidence that the Security has been authenticated under this Indenture.  The Trustee shall at any time, and from time to time, authenticate Securities for original issue in the principal amount provided in the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officers’ Certificate, upon receipt by the Trustee of a Company Order.  Such Company Order may authorize authentication and delivery pursuant to oral or electronic instructions from the Company or its duly authorized agent or agents, which oral instructions shall be promptly confirmed in writing.  Each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication.
 
The aggregate principal amount of Securities of any Series outstanding at any time may not exceed any limit upon the maximum principal amount for such Series set forth in the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officers’ Certificate delivered pursuant to Section 2.2, except as provided in Section 2.8.
 
Prior to the issuance of Securities of any Series, the Trustee shall have received and (subject to Section 7.1) shall be fully protected in relying on: (a) the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officers’ Certificate establishing the form of the Securities of that Series or of Securities within that Series and the terms of the Securities of that Series or of Securities within that Series, (b) an Officers’ Certificate complying with Section 10.4, and (c) an Opinion of Counsel complying with Section 10.4.
 
The Trustee shall have the right to decline to authenticate and deliver any Securities of any Series: (a) if the Trustee, being advised in writing by outside counsel, determines that such action may not lawfully be taken; or (b) if the Trustee in good faith by its board of directors or trustees, executive committee or a trust committee of directors and/or vice-presidents shall reasonably determine
 
 
9

 

that such action would expose the Trustee to personal liability, or cause it to have a conflict of interest with respect to Holders of any then outstanding Series of Securities.
 
The Trustee may appoint an authenticating agent acceptable to the Company to authenticate Securities.  An authenticating agent may authenticate Securities whenever the Trustee may do so.  Any appointment shall be evidenced by an instrument signed by an authorized officer of the Trustee, a copy of which shall be furnished to the Company.  Each reference in this Indenture to authentication by the Trustee includes authentication by such agent.  An authenticating agent has the same rights as an Agent to deal with the Company or an Affiliate of the Company.
 
2.4            REGISTRAR AND PAYING AGENT.
 
The Company shall maintain in each Place of Payment for any Series of Securities (i) an office or agency where such Securities may be presented for registration of transfer or for exchange (“Registrar”), (ii) an office or agency where such Securities may be presented for payment (“Paying Agent”) (PROVIDED that the Company shall at all times maintain a Paying Agent in the Borough of Manhattan, City of New York, State of New York (the “New York Paying Agent”), and PROVIDED, FURTHER, that at the option of the Company payment of interest may be made by check mailed to the address of the Person entitled thereto as such address shall appear in the register for the Securities maintained by the Registrar), and (iii) an office or agency where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities and this Indenture may be served (“Service Agent”). The Registrar shall keep a register of the Securities and of their transfer and exchange.  The Company may have one or more co-registrars and one or more additional paying agents.  The Company shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the location, and any change in the location, of such office or agency.  If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required office, or to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the address of the Trustee as set forth in Section 10.2.  If the Company acts as Paying Agent, it shall segregate the money held by it for the payment of principal of, and interest and premium, if any, on, the Securities and hold it as a separate trust fund.  The Company may change any Paying Agent, Registrar, co-registrar or any other Agent without notice to any Securityholder.
 
The Company may also from time to time designate one or more other offices or agencies where the Securities may be presented or surrendered for any or all such purposes, and may from time to time rescind such designations; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligation to maintain an office or agency in each Place of Payment for Securities of any Series for such purposes.  The Company hereby initially designates the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee as such office of the Company.  The Company shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee of such designation or rescission, and of any change in the location of any such other office or agency.
 
The Company shall enter into an appropriate agency agreement with any Registrar or Paying Agent not a party to this Indenture.  The agreement shall implement the provisions of this Indenture that relate to such Agent.  The Company shall notify the Trustee of the name and address of any such Agent.  If the Company fails to maintain a Registrar or Paying Agent, or agent for service of notices and demands, or fails to give the foregoing notice, the Trustee shall act as such.  The Company hereby appoints the Trustee as the initial Registrar, Paying Agent and Service Agent for each Series unless another Registrar, Paying Agent or Service Agent, as the case may be, is appointed prior to the time Securities of that Series are first issued.  The Company designates _____________, as the New York Paying Agent, with offices at ___________________________________.
 
2.5            PAYING AGENT TO HOLD ASSETS IN TRUST.
 
The Trustee as Paying Agent shall, and the Company shall require each Paying Agent other than the Trustee to agree in writing that each Paying Agent shall, hold in trust for the benefit of the Holders of any Series of Securities or the Trustee all assets held by the Paying Agent for the payment of principal of, or interest or premium, if any, on, such Series of Securities (whether such assets have been distributed to it by the Company or any other obligor on such Series of Securities), and the Company and the Paying Agent shall notify the Trustee in writing of any Default by the Company (or any other obligor on such Series of Securities) in making any such payment. The Company at any time may require a Paying Agent to distribute all assets held by it to the Trustee and account for any assets disbursed, and the Trustee may, at any time during the continuance of any payment default with respect to any Series of Securities, upon written request to a Paying Agent, require such Paying Agent to distribute all assets held by it to the Trustee and to account for any assets distributed.  Upon distribution to the Trustee of all assets that shall have been delivered by the Company to the Paying Agent, the Paying Agent shall have no further liability for such assets.
 
 
10

 

2.6            SECURITYHOLDER LISTS.
 
The Trustee shall preserve in as current a form as is reasonably practicable the most recent list available to it of the names and addresses of Securityholders of each Series of Securities.  If the Trustee is not the Registrar, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee as of each regular record date for the payment of interest on the Securities of a Series and before each related Interest Payment Date, and at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing, a list in such form and as of such date as the Trustee may reasonably require of the names and addresses of Securityholders of each Series of Securities.
 
2.7            TRANSFER AND EXCHANGE.
 
When Securities of a Series are presented to the Registrar with a request to register the transfer thereof, the Registrar shall register the transfer as requested if the requirements of applicable law are met, and when such Securities of a Series are presented to the Registrar with a request to exchange them for an equal principal amount of other authorized denominations of Securities of the same Series, the Registrar shall make the exchange as requested.  To permit transfers and exchanges, upon surrender of any Security for registration of transfer at the office or agency maintained pursuant to Section 2.4, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate Securities at the Registrar’s request.
 
If Securities are issued as Global Securities, the provisions of Section 2.15 shall apply.
 
All Securities issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities shall be the valid obligations of the Company, evidencing the same debt, and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Securities surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange.
 
Every Security presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or for exchange shall (if so required by the Company or the Registrar or a co-registrar) be duly endorsed, or be accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Registrar or a co-registrar, duly executed by the Holder thereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing.
 
Any exchange or transfer shall be without charge, except that the Company may require payment by the Holder of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation to a transfer or exchange, but this provision shall not apply to any exchange pursuant to Section 2.11, 3.6 or 8.5.  The Trustee shall not be required to register transfers of Securities of any Series, or to exchange Securities of any Series, for a period of 15 days before the record date for selection for redemption of such Securities.  The Trustee shall not be required to exchange or register transfers of Securities of any Series called or being called for redemption in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of such Security being redeemed in part.
 
2.8            REPLACEMENT SECURITIES.
 
If a mutilated Security is surrendered to the Trustee, or if the Holder of a Security presents evidence to the satisfaction of the Company and the Trustee that the Security has been lost, destroyed or wrongfully taken, the Company shall issue and the Trustee shall authenticate a replacement Security of the same Series and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.  An indemnity bond may be required by the Company or the Trustee that is sufficient in the reasonable judgment of the Company or the Trustee, as the case may be, to protect the Company, the Trustee or any Agent from any loss which any of them may suffer if a Security is replaced.  The Company may charge such Holder for the Company’s out-of-pocket expenses in replacing a Security, including the fees and expenses of the Trustee.  Every replacement Security shall constitute an original additional obligation of the Company, whether or not the destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be at any time enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Securities of that Series duly issued hereunder.
 
2.9            OUTSTANDING SECURITIES.
 
Securities outstanding at any time are all Securities authenticated by the Trustee, except for those canceled by it, those delivered to it for cancellation and those described in this Section 2.9 as not outstanding.
 
If a Security is replaced pursuant to Section 2.8 (other than a mutilated Security surrendered for replacement), it ceases to be outstanding until the Company and the Trustee receive proof satisfactory to each of them that the replaced Security is held by a bona
 
 
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fide purchaser.  A mutilated Security ceases to be outstanding upon surrender of such Security and replacement thereof pursuant to Section 2.8.
 
If a Paying Agent holds on a Redemption Date or the Stated Maturity money sufficient to pay the principal of, premium, if any, and accrued interest on, Securities payable on that date, and is not prohibited from paying such money to the Holders thereof pursuant to the terms of this Indenture (PROVIDED, that if such Securities are to be redeemed, notice of such redemption has been duly given pursuant to this Indenture or provision therefor satisfactory to the Trustee has been made), then on and after that date such Securities cease to be outstanding and interest on them ceases to accrue.
 
A Security does not cease to be outstanding solely because the Company or an Affiliate holds the Security.
 
2.10            WHEN TREASURY SECURITIES DISREGARDED; DETERMINATION OF HOLDERS’ ACTION.
 
In determining whether the Holders of the required aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any Series have concurred in any direction, waiver or consent, the Securities of any Series owned by the Company or any other obligor on such Securities, or by any Affiliate of any of them, shall be disregarded, except that for the purposes of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such direction, waiver or consent, only Securities of such Series which the Trustee actually knows are so owned shall be so disregarded. Securities of such Series so owned which have been pledged in good faith shall not be disregarded if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee’s right so to act with respect to the Securities of such Series and that the pledgee is not the Company or any other obligor on the Securities of such Series, or an Affiliate of any of them.
 
2.11            TEMPORARY SECURITIES.
 
Until definitive Securities are ready for delivery, the Company may prepare and execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate, temporary Securities.  Temporary Securities shall be substantially in the form, and shall carry all rights, of definitive Securities, but may have variations that the Company considers appropriate for temporary Securities.  Without unreasonable delay, the Company shall prepare and execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate, definitive Securities in exchange for temporary Securities without charge to the Holder.
 
2.12            CANCELLATION.
 
All Securities surrendered for payment, redemption or registration of transfer or exchange, or for credit against any sinking fund payment, shall, if surrendered to any Person other than the Trustee, be delivered to the Trustee for cancellation.  The Company may at any time deliver to the Trustee for cancellation any Securities previously authenticated and delivered hereunder which the Company may have acquired in any manner whatsoever, and may deliver to the Trustee (or to any other Person for delivery to the Trustee) for cancellation any Securities previously authenticated hereunder which the Company has not issued and sold.  The Registrar and the Paying Agent shall forward to the Trustee any Securities surrendered to them for transfer, exchange or payment.  The Trustee or, at the direction of the Trustee, the Registrar or the Paying Agent, and no one else, shall cancel, and at the written request of the Company shall dispose of, all Securities surrendered for transfer, exchange, payment or cancellation.  If the Company shall acquire any of the Securities, such acquisition shall not operate as a redemption or satisfaction of the Indebtedness represented by such Securities unless and until the same are surrendered to the Trustee for cancellation pursuant to this Section 2.12.  No Securities shall be authenticated in lieu of or in exchange for any Securities cancelled as provided in this Section 2.12, except as expressly permitted by this Indenture.
 
2.13            PAYMENT OF INTEREST; DEFAULTED INTEREST; COMPUTATION OF INTEREST.
 
Except as otherwise provided as contemplated by Section 2.2 with respect to any Series of Securities, interest on any Security which is payable, and is punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date shall be paid to the Person in whose name that Security is registered at the close of business on the regular record date for such interest, as provided in the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officers’ Certificate establishing the terms of such Series.
 
If the Company defaults in a payment of interest on the Securities, it shall pay the defaulted amounts, plus any interest payable on defaulted amounts pursuant to Section 4.1, to the Persons who are Securityholders on a subsequent special record date, which date shall be the 15th day next preceding the date fixed by the Company for the payment of defaulted interest, or the next succeeding Business Day if such date is not a Business Day.  At least 15 days before the special record date, the Company shall mail
 
 
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or cause to be mailed to each Securityholder, with a copy to the Trustee, a notice that states the special record date, the payment date and the amount of defaulted interest, and interest payable on such defaulted interest, if any, to be paid.
 
Except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 2.2 for Securities of any Series, interest on the Securities of each Series shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months.
 
2.14            CUSIP NUMBER.
 
The Company in issuing the Securities may use one or more “CUSIP” numbers, and, if the Company does so, the Trustee shall use the CUSIP number(s) in notices of redemption or exchange as a convenience to Holders, PROVIDED, that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness or accuracy of the CUSIP number(s) printed in the notice or on the Securities, and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on the Securities, and that any such redemption or exchange shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of any such numbers.
 
2.15            PROVISIONS FOR GLOBAL SECURITIES.
 
(a)           A Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officers’ Certificate shall establish whether the Securities of a Series shall be issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities, and the Depository for such Global Securities or Securities.
 
(b)           Notwithstanding any provisions to the contrary contained in Section 2.7 and in addition thereto, if, and only if the Depository (i) at any time is unwilling or unable to continue as Depository for such Global Security or ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act and (ii) a successor Depository is not appointed by the Company within 90 days after the date the Company is so informed in writing or becomes aware of the same, the Company promptly will execute and deliver to the Trustee definitive Securities, and the Trustee, upon receipt of a Company Request for the authentication and delivery of such definitive Securities (which the Company will promptly execute and deliver to the Trustee) and an Officers’ Certificate to the effect that such Global Security shall be so exchangeable, will authenticate and deliver definitive Securities, without charge, registered in such names and in such authorized denominations as the Depository shall direct in writing (pursuant to instructions from its direct and indirect participants or otherwise) in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of the Global Security with like tenor and terms. Upon the exchange of a Global Security for definitive Securities, such Global Security shall be canceled by the Trustee.  Unless and until it is exchanged in whole or in part for definitive Securities, as provided in this Section 2.15(b), a Global Security may not be transferred except as a whole by the Depository with respect to such Global Security to a nominee of such Depository, by a nominee of such Depository to such Depository or another nominee of such Depository or by the Depository or any such nominee to a successor Depository or a nominee of such a successor Depository.
 
(c)           Any Global Security issued hereunder shall bear a legend in substantially the following form:
 
“This Security is a Global Security within the meaning of the Indenture hereinafter referred to, and is registered in the name of the Depository or a nominee of the Depository.  This Security is exchangeable for Securities registered in the name of a Person other than the Depository or its nominee only in the limited circumstances described in the Indenture, and may not be transferred except as a whole by the Depository to a nominee of the Depository, by a nominee of the Depository to the Depository or another nominee of the Depository or by the Depository or any such nominee to a successor Depository or a nominee of such a successor Depository.”
 
(d)           The Depository, as a Holder, may appoint agents and otherwise authorize participants to give or take any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action which a Holder is entitled to give or take under the Indenture.
 
(e)           Notwithstanding the other provisions of this Indenture, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 2.2, payment of the principal of, and interest and premium, if any, on, any Global Security shall be made to the Depository or its nominee in its capacity as the Holder thereof.
 
 
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(f)           Except as provided in Section 2.15(e) above, the Company, the Trustee and any Agent shall treat a Person as the Holder of such principal amount of outstanding Securities of any Series represented by a Global Security as shall be specified in a written statement of the Depository (which may be in the form of a participants’ list for such Series) with respect to such Global Security, for purposes of obtaining any consents, declarations, waivers or directions required to be given by the Holders pursuant to this Indenture, PROVIDED, that until the Trustee is so provided with a written statement, it may treat the Depository or any other Person in whose name a Global Security is registered as the owner of such Global Security for the purpose of receiving payment of the principal of, and any premium and (subject to Section 2.13) any interest on, such Global Security and for all other purposes whatsoever, and none of the Company, the Trustee or any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall be affected by notice to the contrary.
 
2.16            PERSONS DEEMED OWNERS.
 
Prior to due presentment of a Security for registration of transfer, the Company, the Trustee, the Registrar and any agent of the Company, the Registrar or the Trustee may treat the Person in whose name such Security is registered as the owner of such Security for the purpose of receiving payment of the principal of, and any premium and (subject to Section 2.13) any interest on, such Security and for all other purposes whatsoever, and none of the Company, the Trustee, the Registrar or any agent of the Company, the Trustee or the Registrar shall be affected by notice to the contrary.
 
ARTICLE 3
 
REDEMPTION
 
3.1            NOTICE TO TRUSTEE.
 
The Company may, with respect to any Series of Securities, reserve the right to redeem and pay the Series of Securities, or may covenant to redeem and pay the Series of Securities or any part thereof, prior to the Stated Maturity thereof at such time and on such terms as provided for in such Securities or the related Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officers’ Certificate.  If a Series of Securities is redeemable and the Company elects to redeem all or part of such Series of Securities, it shall notify the Trustee of the Redemption Date and the principal amount of Securities to be redeemed at least 45 days (unless a shorter notice shall be satisfactory to the Trustee) before the Redemption Date.  Any such notice may be canceled at any time prior to notice of such redemption being mailed to any Holder, and shall thereby be void and of no effect.
 
3.2            SELECTION BY TRUSTEE OF SECURITIES TO BE REDEEMED.
 
Unless otherwise indicated for a particular Series of Securities by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officers’ Certificate, if fewer than all of the Securities of a Series are to be redeemed, the Trustee shall select the Securities of a Series to be redeemed pro rata, by lot or by any other method that the Trustee considers fair and appropriate (unless the Company specifically directs the Trustee otherwise) and, if such Securities are listed on any securities exchange, by a method that complies with the requirements of such exchange.
 
The Trustee shall make the selection from Securities of a Series outstanding and not previously called for redemption, and shall promptly notify the Company in writing of the Securities selected for redemption and, in the case of any Security selected for partial redemption, the principal amount thereof to be redeemed at least 35 but not more than 60 days before the Redemption Date.  Securities of a Series in denominations of $1,000 may be redeemed only in whole.  The Trustee may select for redemption portions of the principal of Securities of a Series that have denominations larger than $1,000.  Securities of a Series and portions of them it selects shall be in amounts of $1,000 or, with respect to Securities of any Series issuable in other denominations pursuant to Section 2.2(10), the minimum principal denomination for each Series and integral multiples thereof.  Provisions of this Indenture that apply to Securities called for redemption also apply to portions of Securities called for redemption.
 
3.3            NOTICE OF REDEMPTION.
 
Unless otherwise indicated for a particular Series by Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officers’ Certificate, at least 30 days, and no more than 60 days, before a Redemption Date, the Company shall mail, or cause to be mailed, a notice of redemption by first-class mail to each Holder of Securities to be redeemed at his or her last address as the same appears on the registry books maintained by the Registrar.  The notice shall identify the Securities to be redeemed and shall state:
 
 
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(1)           the Redemption Date;
 
(2)           the redemption price, and that such redemption price shall become due and payable on the Redemption Date;
 
(3)           if any Security of a Series is being redeemed in part, the portion of the principal amount of such Security of a Series to be redeemed and that, after the Redemption Date and upon surrender of such Security of a Series, a new Security or Securities in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion will be issued;
 
(4)           the name and address of the Paying Agent;
 
(5)           that Securities of a Series called for redemption must be surrendered to the Paying Agent to collect the redemption price, and the place or places where each such Security is to be surrendered for such payment;
 
(6)           that, unless the Company defaults in making the redemption payment, interest on the Securities of a Series called for redemption ceases to accrue on the Redemption Date, and the only remaining right of the Holders of such Securities is to receive payment of the redemption price upon surrender to the Paying Agent of the Securities redeemed;
 
(7)           if fewer than all of the Securities of a Series are to be redeemed, the identification of the particular Securities of a Series (or portion thereof) to be redeemed, as well as the aggregate principal amount of Securities of a Series to be redeemed and the aggregate principal amount of Securities of a Series to be outstanding after such partial redemption.
 
(8)           the CUSIP number, if any, printed on the Securities being redeemed; and
 
(9)           that no representation is made as to the correctness or accuracy of the CUSIP number, if any, listed in such notice or printed on the Securities.
 
At the Company’s request, the Trustee shall give the notice of redemption in the Company’s name and at the Company’s sole expense.
 
3.4            EFFECT OF NOTICE OF REDEMPTION.
 
Once the notice of redemption described in Section 3.3 is mailed, Securities of a Series called for redemption become due and payable on the Redemption Date and at the redemption price, plus interest, if any, accrued to the Redemption Date.  Upon surrender to the Trustee or Paying Agent, such Securities of a Series shall be paid at the redemption price, plus accrued interest, if any, to the Redemption Date; PROVIDED, that if the Redemption Date is after a regular interest payment record date and on or prior to the next Interest Payment Date, the accrued interest shall be payable to the Holder of the redeemed Securities registered on the relevant record date, as specified by the Company in the notice to the Trustee pursuant to Section 3.1.
 
3.5            DEPOSIT OF REDEMPTION PRICE.
 
On or prior to the Redemption Date (but no later than 11:00 A.M. Eastern Time on such date), the Company shall deposit with the Paying Agent money sufficient to pay the redemption price of and accrued interest, if any, on all Securities to be redeemed on that date other than Securities or portions thereof called for redemption on that date which have been delivered by the Company to the Trustee for cancellation.
 
On and after any Redemption Date, if money sufficient to pay the redemption price of, and accrued interest on, Securities called for redemption shall have been made available in accordance with the preceding paragraph and the Company and the Paying Agent are not prohibited from paying such moneys to Holders, the Securities called for redemption will cease to accrue interest and the only right of the Holders of such Securities will be to receive payment of the redemption price of and, subject to the proviso in Section 3.4, accrued and unpaid interest on such Securities to the Redemption Date. If any Security called for redemption shall not be so paid, interest will be paid, from the Redemption Date until such redemption payment is made, on the unpaid principal of the Security and any interest or premium, if any, not paid on such unpaid principal, in each case, at the rate and in the manner provided in the Securities.
 
 
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3.6            SECURITIES REDEEMED IN PART.
 
Upon surrender of a Security of a Series that is redeemed in part, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate, for a Holder a new Security of the same Series equal in principal amount to the unredeemed portion of the Security surrendered.
 
ARTICLE 4
 
COVENANTS
 
4.1            PAYMENT OF SECURITIES.
 
The Company shall pay the principal of, and interest and premium, if any, on, each Series of Securities on the dates and in the manner provided in such Securities and this Indenture.
 
An installment of principal or interest shall be considered paid on the date it is due if the Trustee or Paying Agent holds on that date money designated for and sufficient to pay such installment and is not prohibited from paying such money to the Holders pursuant to the terms of this Indenture or otherwise.
 
The Company shall pay interest on overdue principal, and overdue interest, to the extent lawful, at the rate specified in the Series of Securities.
 
4.2            SEC REPORTS.
 
The Company will deliver to the Trustee within 15 days after the filing of the same with the SEC, copies of the quarterly and annual reports and of the information, documents and other reports, if any, which the Company is required to file with the SEC pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that each such report or document will be deemed to be so delivered to the Trustee if the Company files such report or document with the SEC through the SEC’s EDGAR database no later than the time such report or document is required to be filed with the SEC pursuant to the Exchange Act. Notwithstanding that the Company may not be subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, the Company will file with the SEC, to the extent permitted, and provide the Trustee with, such quarterly and annual reports and such information, documents and other reports specified in Sections 13 and 15(d) of the Exchange Act.  The Company will also comply with the other provisions of TIA Section 314(a).
 
4.3            WAIVER OF STAY, EXTENSION OR USURY LAWS.
 
The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any time insist upon, or plead (as a defense or otherwise) or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay, extension, usury or other law which would prohibit or forgive the Company from paying all or any portion of the principal of, and/or interest and premium, if any, on, the Securities as contemplated herein, wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, or which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture; and the Company hereby expressly waives (to the extent that they may lawfully do so) all benefit or advantage of any such law, and covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law had been enacted.
 
4.4            COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATE.
 
(a)           The Company shall deliver to the Trustee, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company, an Officers’ Certificate which complies with TIA Section 314(a)(4) stating that a review of the activities of the Company and its Subsidiaries during such fiscal year has been made under the supervision of the signing Officers with a view to determining whether the Company has kept, observed, performed and fulfilled its obligations under this Indenture, and further stating, as to each such Officer signing such certificate, that to the best of his or her knowledge the Company has kept, observed, performed and fulfilled each and every covenant contained in this Indenture and that there is no default in the performance or observance of any of the terms, provisions and conditions hereof (or, if a Default or Event of Default shall have occurred, describing all such Defaults or Events of Default of which he or she may have knowledge and what action the Company is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto) and that to the best of his or her knowledge no event has occurred and remains in existence by reason of which payments on account of the
 
 
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principal of, or interest or premium, if any, on, the Securities is prohibited, or if such event has occurred, a description of the event and what action the Company is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto.
 
(b)           (i) If any Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or (ii) if any Holder seeks to exercise any remedy hereunder with respect to a claimed Default under this Indenture or the Securities, within five Business Days after the Company becoming aware of such occurrence the Company shall deliver to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate specifying such event, notice or other action and what action the Company is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto.
 
4.5            CORPORATE EXISTENCE.
 
Subject to Article 5, the Company shall do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its corporate existence, in accordance with the organizational documents (as the same may be amended from time to time) of the Company and the rights (charter and statutory), licenses and franchises of the Company; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the Company shall not be required to preserve any such right, license or franchise, or its corporate existence, if the Board of Directors shall determine that the preservation thereof is no longer desirable in the conduct of the business of the Company and that the loss thereof is not adverse in any material respect to the Holders.
 
ARTICLE 5
 
SUCCESSOR CORPORATION
 
5.1            LIMITATION ON CONSOLIDATION, MERGER AND SALE OF ASSETS.
 
(a)           The Company will not, in any transaction or series of transactions, merge or consolidate with or into, or sell, assign, convey, transfer, lease or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its properties and assets (as an entirety or substantially as an entirety in one transaction or a series of related transactions), to any Person or Persons, unless at the time of and after giving effect thereto (i) either (A) if the transaction or series of transactions is a merger or consolidation, the Company shall be the surviving Person of such merger or consolidation, or (B) the Person formed by such consolidation or into which the Company is merged or to which the properties and assets of the Company are transferred (any such surviving Person or transferee Person being the “Surviving Entity”) shall be a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the United States of America, any state thereof or the District of Columbia, or a corporation or comparable legal entity organized under the laws of a foreign jurisdiction and shall expressly assume by a supplemental indenture executed and delivered to the Trustee, in form reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee, all of the obligations of the Company (including, without limitation, the obligation to pay the principal of, and premium and interest, if any, on, the Securities and the performance of the other covenants) under the Securities of each Series and this Indenture, and in each case, this Indenture shall remain in full force and effect; and (ii) immediately before and immediately after giving effect to such transaction or series of transactions on a pro forma basis (including, without limitation, any Indebtedness incurred or anticipated to be incurred in connection with or in respect of such transaction or series of transactions), no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing.
 
(b)           In connection with any consolidation, merger or transfer of assets contemplated by this Section 5.1, the Company shall deliver, or cause to be delivered, to the Trustee, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee, an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that such consolidation, merger or transfer, and the supplemental indenture in respect thereto, comply with this Section 5.1, and that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to such transaction or transactions have been complied with.
 
5.2            SUCCESSOR PERSON SUBSTITUTED.
 
Upon any consolidation, merger or transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company in accordance with Section 5.1 above, the successor corporation formed by such consolidation, or into which the Company is merged or to which such transfer is made, shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Company under this Indenture with the same effect as if such successor corporation had been named as the Company herein, and thereafter (except with respect to any such transfer which is a lease) the predecessor corporation shall be relieved of all obligations and covenants under this Indenture and the Securities.
 
 
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ARTICLE 6
 
DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES
 
6.1            EVENTS OF DEFAULT.
 
“Events of Default,” wherever used herein with respect to Securities of any Series, means any one of the following events, unless in the establishing Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officers’ Certificate, it is provided that such Series shall not have the benefit of said Event of Default:
 
(1)           there is a default in the payment of any principal of, or premium, if any, on, the Securities when the same becomes due and payable at Maturity, upon acceleration, redemption or otherwise;
 
(2)           there is a default in the payment of any interest on any Security of a Series when the same becomes due and payable, and the Default continues for a period of 30 days;
 
(3)           the Company defaults in the observance or performance of any other covenant in the Securities of a Series or in this Indenture for 60 days after written notice from the Trustee or the Holders of not less than 25% in the aggregate principal amount of the Securities of such Series then outstanding, which notice must specify the Default, demand that it be remedied and state that the notice is a “Notice of Default”;
 
(4)           the Company or any Significant Subsidiary pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law:
 
(A)            commences a voluntary case,
 
(B)            consents to the entry of an order for relief against it in an involuntary case,
 
(C)            consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for all or substantially all of its property,
 
(D)            makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors, or
 
(E)            generally is not paying its debts as they become due;
 
(5)           a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or decree under any Bankruptcy Law that:
 
(A)            is for relief against the Company or any Significant Subsidiary in an involuntary case;
 
(B)            appoints a Custodian of the Company or any Significant Subsidiary, or for all or substantially all of the property of the Company or any Significant Subsidiary; or
 
(C)            orders the liquidation of the Company or any Significant Subsidiary, and the order or decree remains unstayed and in effect for 90 consecutive days; or
 
(6)           any other Event of Default provided with respect to Securities of that Series, which is specified in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officers’ Certificate, in accordance with Section 2.2(19).
 
The term “Bankruptcy Law” means Title 11, U.S. Code, or any similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors.  The term “Custodian” means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.
 
The Trustee may withhold notice of any Default (except in the payment of the principal of, or interest or premium, if any, on, the Securities) to the Holders of the Securities of any Series in accordance with Section 7.5.  When a Default is cured, it ceases to exist.
 
 
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6.2            ACCELERATION.
 
If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any Series at the time outstanding (other than an Event of Default arising under Section 6.1(4) or (5)) occurs and is continuing, the Trustee by written notice to the Company, or the Holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of that Series then outstanding by written notice to the Company and the Trustee, may declare that the entire principal amount of all the Securities of that Series then outstanding plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of acceleration are immediately due and payable, in which case such amounts shall become immediately due and payable; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that after such acceleration but before a judgment or decree based on such acceleration is obtained by the Trustee, the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series may rescind and annul such acceleration and its consequences if (i) all existing Events of Default, other than the nonpayment of accelerated principal, interest or premium, if any, that has become due solely because of the acceleration, have been cured or waived, (ii) to the extent the payment of such interest is lawful, interest on overdue installments of interest and overdue principal, which has become due otherwise than by such declaration of acceleration, has been paid and (iii) the rescission would not conflict with any judgment or decree. No such rescission shall affect any subsequent Default or impair any right consequent thereto.  In case an Event of Default specified in Section 6.1(4) or (5) with respect to the Company occurs, such principal, premium, if any, and interest amount with respect to all of the Securities of that Series shall be due and payable immediately without any declaration or other act on the part of the Trustee or the Holders of the Securities of that Series.
 
6.3            REMEDIES.
 
If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any Series at the time outstanding occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may pursue any available remedy by proceeding at law or in equity to collect the payment of the principal of, or interest and premium, if any, on, the Securities of that Series, or to enforce the performance of any provision of the Securities of that Series or this Indenture.
 
The Trustee may maintain a proceeding even if it does not possess any of the Securities of that Series or does not produce any of them in the proceeding.  A delay or omission by the Trustee or any Securityholder in exercising any right or remedy accruing upon an Event of Default shall not impair the right or remedy or constitute a waiver of or acquiescence in the Event of Default.  No remedy is exclusive of any other remedy.  All available remedies are cumulative to the extent permitted by law.
 
6.4            WAIVER OF PAST DEFAULTS AND EVENTS OF DEFAULT.
 
Subject to Sections 6.2, 6.7 and 8.2, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities of any Series then outstanding have the right to waive any existing Default or Event of Default with respect to such Series or compliance with any provision of this Indenture (with respect to such Series) or the Securities of such Series.  Upon any such waiver, such Default with respect to such Series shall cease to exist, and any Event of Default with respect to such Series arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured for every purpose of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereto.  This Section 6.4 shall be in lieu of TIA Section 316(a)(1)(B), and TIA Section 316(a)(1)(B) is hereby expressly excluded from this Indenture and Section as permitted by the TIA.
 
6.5            CONTROL BY MAJORITY.
 
Subject to Sections 6.2, 6.7 and 8.2, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities of any Series then outstanding may direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee by this Indenture with respect to such Series.  The Trustee, however, may refuse to follow any direction that conflicts with law or this Indenture, or that the Trustee determines may be unduly prejudicial to the rights of another Securityholder, or that may involve the Trustee in personal liability; PROVIDED, that the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee which is not inconsistent with such direction.  This Section 6.5 shall be in lieu of TIA Section 316(a)(1)(A), and TIA Section 316(a)(1)(A) is hereby expressly excluded from this Indenture and Section as permitted by the TIA.
 
6.6            LIMITATION ON SUITS.
 
Subject to Section 6.7, a Securityholder may not institute any proceeding or pursue any remedy with respect to this Indenture or the Securities of a Series unless:
 
 
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(1)           the Holder gives to the Trustee written notice of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities of that Series;
 
(2)           the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of such Series then outstanding make a written request to the Trustee to pursue the remedy;
 
(3)           such Holder or Holders offer to the Trustee indemnity reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee against any loss, liability or expense to be incurred in compliance with such request;
 
(4)           the Trustee does not comply with the request within 60 days after receipt of the request and the offer of indemnity; and
 
(5)           no direction inconsistent with such written request has been given to the Trustee during such 60-day period by the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of such Series then outstanding.
 
A Securityholder may not use this Indenture to prejudice the rights of another Securityholder, or to obtain a preference or priority over another Securityholder.
 
6.7            RIGHTS OF HOLDERS TO RECEIVE PAYMENT.
 
Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture, the right of any Holder of a Security of a Series to receive payment of the principal of, and interest and premium, if any, on, the Security of such Series on or after the respective due dates expressed in the Security of such Series, or to bring suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after such respective dates, is absolute and unconditional, and shall not be impaired or affected without the consent of the Holder.
 
6.8            COLLECTION SUIT BY TRUSTEE.
 
If an Event of Default in payment of principal, interest or premium, if any, specified in Section 6.1(1) or (2) with respect to Securities of any Series at the time outstanding occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may recover judgment in its own name and as trustee of an express trust against the Company (or any other obligor on the Securities of that Series) for the whole amount of unpaid principal and premium, if any, and accrued interest remaining unpaid, together with interest on overdue principal and premium, if any, and, to the extent that payment of such interest is lawful, interest on overdue installments of interest, in each case at the rate then borne by the Securities of that Series, and such further amounts as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, as set forth in Section 7.7.
 
6.9            TRUSTEE MAY FILE PROOFS OF CLAIM.
 
The Trustee may file such proofs of claim and other papers or documents, and take other actions (including sitting on a committee of creditors), as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel) and the Securityholders allowed in any judicial proceedings relative to the Company (or any other obligor on the Securities), any of their respective creditors or any of their respective property, and the Trustee shall be entitled and empowered to collect and receive any monies or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims, and to distribute the same after deduction of its charges and expenses to the extent that any such charges and expenses are not paid out of the estate in any such proceedings, and any custodian in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Securityholder to make such payments to the Trustee, and in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Securityholders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due to it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.7.
 
Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to, or accept or adopt on behalf of any Securityholder, any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Securities of a Series or the rights of any Holder thereof, or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Securityholder in any such proceedings.
 
 
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6.10            PRIORITIES.
 
If the Trustee collects any money pursuant to this Article 6, it shall pay out the money in the following order:
 
FIRST: to the Trustee for amounts due under Section 7.7;
 
SECOND: to Securityholders for amounts then due and unpaid for the principal of, and interest and premium, if any, on, the Securities in respect of which, or for the benefit of which, such money has been collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on such Securities; for principal and any premium and interest, respectively; and
 
THIRD: to the Company.
 
The Trustee may fix a record date and payment date for any payment to Securityholders pursuant to this Section 6.10.  At least 15 days before such record date, the Trustee shall mail to each Securityholder a notice that states the record date, the payment date and amount to be paid.
 
6.11            UNDERTAKING FOR COSTS.
 
In any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it as Trustee, a court in its discretion may require the filing by any party litigant in the suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of the suit, and the court in its discretion may assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, against any party litigant in the suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by the party litigant. This Section 6.11 does not apply to a suit by the Trustee, a suit by a Holder pursuant to Section 6.7 or a suit by Holders of more than 10% in principal amount of the Securities of a Series then outstanding.
 
ARTICLE 7
 
TRUSTEE
 
7.1            DUTIES OF TRUSTEE.
 
(a)           If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall exercise such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture and use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise as a prudent Person would exercise or use under the same circumstances in the conduct of his own affairs.
 
(b)           Except during the continuance of an Event of Default:
 
(i)      The Trustee need perform only those duties that are specifically set forth in this Indenture, and no covenants or obligations shall be implied in this Indenture against the Trustee.
 
(c)           In the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture, but, in the case of any such certificates or opinions which by any provision hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall be under a duty to examine the same to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Indenture.
 
(i)      The Trustee may not be relieved from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act or its own willful misconduct, except that:
 
·       This paragraph does not limit the effect of paragraph (b) of this Section 7.1.
 
·       The Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer, unless it is proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts.
 
 
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·       The Trustee  shall not be liable with respect to any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in accordance with a direction received by it pursuant to Sections 6.2 and 6.5.
 
(d)           No provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds, or otherwise incur any financial liability, in the performance of any of its rights or powers if it shall have reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity satisfactory to it against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it.
 
(e)           Whether or not therein expressly so provided, paragraphs (a), (b), (c) and (d) of this Section 7.1 shall govern every provision of this Indenture that in any way relates to the Trustee.
 
(f)           The Trustee and Paying Agent shall not be liable for interest on any money received by either of them, except as the Trustee and Paying Agent may agree in writing with the Company.  Money held in trust by the Trustee need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by the law.
 
(g)           The Paying Agent, the Registrar and any authenticating agent shall be entitled to the protections, immunities and standard of care set forth in paragraphs (a), (b), (c), (d) and (f) of this Section 7.1 and in Section 7.2 with respect to the Trustee.
 
7.2            RIGHTS OF TRUSTEE.
 
(a)           Subject to Section 7.1:

(i)           The Trustee may rely on, and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon, any document reasonably believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper Person.  The Trustee need not investigate any fact or matter stated in the document.
 
(ii)          Before the Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may require an Officers’ Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel, or both, which shall conform to the provisions of Section 10.5.  The Trustee shall be protected and shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in reliance on such certificate or opinion.
 
(iii)         The Trustee may act through agents and attorneys, and shall not be responsible for the misconduct or negligence of any agent appointed by it with due care.
 
(iv)         The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith which it reasonably believes to be authorized or within its rights or powers.
 
(v)          The Trustee may consult with counsel reasonably acceptable to the Trustee, which may be counsel to the Company, and the advice or opinion of such counsel as to matters of law shall be full and complete authorization and protection from liability in respect of any action taken, omitted or suffered by it hereunder in good faith and in accordance with the advice or opinion of such counsel.
 
(vi)         The Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request, order or direction of any of the Holders pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture, unless such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities which may be incurred therein or thereby.
 
(vii)        The Trustee shall not be deemed to have knowledge of any fact or matter (including, without limitation, a Default or Event of Default) unless such fact or matter is known to a Responsible Officer of the Trustee.
 
(viii)       Unless otherwise expressly provided herein or in the Securities of a Series or the related Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officers’ Certificate, the Trustee shall not have any responsibility with respect to reports, notices, certificates or other documents filed with it hereunder, except to make them available for inspection, at reasonable times, by Securityholders, it being understood that delivery of such reports, information and documents to the Trustee is for informational purposes only and the Trustee’s receipt of such shall not constitute constructive notice of any information contained therein or determinable from information contained therein, including the Company’s compliance with any of its covenants hereunder (except as set forth in Section 4.4).

 
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7.3           INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS OF TRUSTEE.
 
The Trustee in its individual or any other capacity may become the owner or pledgee of Securities, and may make loans to, accept deposits from, perform services for or otherwise deal with the Company, or any Affiliate thereof, with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee.  Any Agent may do the same with like rights.  The Trustee, however, shall be subject to Sections 7.10 and 7.11.
 
7.4            TRUSTEE’S DISCLAIMER.
 
The Trustee makes no representation as to the validity or adequacy of this Indenture or the Securities (except that the Trustee represents that it is duly authorized to execute and deliver this Indenture and authenticate the Securities and perform its obligations hereunder), and the Trustee shall not be accountable for the Company’s use of the proceeds from the sale of Securities or any money paid to the Company pursuant to the terms of this Indenture, and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any statement in the Securities other than its certificates of authentication.
 
7.5            NOTICE OF DEFAULT.
 
If a Default or an Event of Default occurs and is continuing with respect to the Securities of any Series, and if it is known to the Trustee, the Trustee shall mail to each Securityholder of the Securities of that Series notice of the Default or the Event of Default, as the case may be, within 90 days after it occurs or, if later, after a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has knowledge of such Default or Event of Default (except if such Default or Event of Default has been validly cured or waived before the giving of such notice). Except in the case of a Default or an Event of Default in payment of the principal of, or interest or premium, if any, on, any Security of any Series, the Trustee may withhold the notice if and so long as the Board of Directors of the Trustee, the executive committee or any trust committee of such board and/or its Responsible Officers in good faith determine(s) that withholding the notice is in the interests of the Securityholders of that Series.
 
7.6            REPORTS BY TRUSTEE TO HOLDERS.
 
If and to the extent required by the TIA, within 60 days after April 1 of each year, commencing the April 1 following the date of this Indenture, the Trustee shall mail to each Securityholder a brief report dated as of such April 1 that complies with TIA Section 313(a).  The Trustee also shall comply with TIA Sections 313(b) and 313(c).
 
A copy of each report at the time of its mailing to Securityholders shall be filed with the SEC and any stock exchange on which the Securities of that Series are listed.  The Company shall promptly notify the Trustee when the Securities of any Series are listed on any stock exchange or any delisting thereof, and the Trustee shall comply with TIA Section 313(d).
 
7.7            COMPENSATION AND INDEMNITY.
 
The Company shall pay to the Trustee from time to time reasonable compensation for its services.  The Trustee’s compensation shall not be limited by any provision of law on compensation of a trustee of an express trust.  The Company shall reimburse the Trustee within 45 days after receipt of request for all reasonable out-of-pocket disbursements and expenses incurred or made by it in connection with its duties under this Indenture, including the reasonable compensation, disbursements and expenses of the Trustee’s agents and counsel.
 
The Company shall indemnify the Trustee for, and hold it harmless against, any and all loss or liability incurred by it in connection with the acceptance or performance of its duties under this Indenture including the reasonable costs and expenses of defending itself against any claim or liability in connection with the exercise or performance of any of its powers or duties hereunder.  The Trustee shall notify the Company promptly of any claim asserted against the Trustee for which it may seek indemnity.
 
The failure by the Trustee to so notify the Company shall not however relieve the Company of its obligations.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company need not reimburse the Trustee for any expense or indemnify it against any loss or liability incurred by the Trustee through its negligence or bad faith.  To secure the payment obligations of the Company in this Section 7.7, the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities of any Series on all money or property held or collected by the Trustee except such money or property held in trust to pay the principal of, interest and premium, if any, on particular Securities of that Series.
 
 
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When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services after an Event of Default specified in Section 6.1(4) or (5) occurs, the expenses and the compensation for the services are intended to constitute expenses of administration under any Bankruptcy Law.
 
For purposes of this Section 7.7, the term “Trustee” shall include any trustee appointed pursuant to this Article 7.
 
7.8            REPLACEMENT OF TRUSTEE.
 
The Trustee may resign with respect to the Securities of one or more Series by so notifying the Company in writing at least 90 days in advance of such resignation.
 
The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series may remove the Trustee with respect to that Series by notifying the removed Trustee in writing and may appoint a successor Trustee with respect to that Series with the consent of the Company, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld.  The Company may remove the Trustee with respect to that Series at its election if:
 
(1)           the Trustee fails to comply with, or ceases to be eligible under, Section 7.10;
 
(2)           the Trustee is adjudged a bankrupt or an insolvent, or an order for relief is entered with respect to the Trustee, under any Bankruptcy Law;
 
(3)           a Custodian or other public officer takes charge of the Trustee or its property; or
 
(4)           the Trustee otherwise becomes incapable of acting.
 
If the Trustee resigns or is removed, or if a vacancy exists in the office of Trustee, with respect to any Series of Securities for any reason, the Company shall promptly appoint, by Board Resolution, a successor Trustee.
 
If a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more Series does not take office within 60 days after the retiring Trustee resigns or is removed, the retiring Trustee, the Company or the Holders of at least 10% in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of the applicable Series may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee.
 
If the Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more Series fails to comply with Section 7.10, any Securityholder of the applicable Series may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee and the appointment of a successor Trustee.
 
A successor Trustee shall deliver a written acceptance of its appointment to the retiring Trustee and to the Company.  Immediately following such delivery, (i) the retiring Trustee with respect to one or more Series shall, subject to its rights under Section 7.7, transfer all property held by it as Trustee with respect to such Series to the successor Trustee, (ii) the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective and (iii) the successor Trustee with respect to such Series shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the Trustee under this Indenture.  A successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more Series shall mail notice of its succession to each Securityholder of such Series.
 
7.9            SUCCESSOR TRUSTEE BY CONSOLIDATION, MERGER OR CONVERSION.
 
If the Trustee, or any Agent, consolidates with, merges or converts into, or transfers all or substantially all of its corporate trust assets to, another corporation, subject to Section 7.10, the successor corporation without any further act shall be the successor Trustee or Agent, as the case may be.
 
7.10            ELIGIBILITY; DISQUALIFICATION.
 
The Indenture shall always have a Trustee who satisfies the requirements of TIA Sections 310(a)(1), (2) and (5) in every respect.  The Trustee (or in the case of a Trustee that is a Person included in a bank holding company system, the related bank holding
 
 
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company) shall have a combined capital and surplus of at least $100,000,000 as set forth in its most recent published annual report of condition.  The Trustee shall comply with TIA Section 310(b), including the provision in Section 310(b)(1).  In addition, if the Trustee is a Person included in a bank holding company system, the Trustee, independently of such bank holding company, shall meet the capital requirements of TIA Section 310(a)(2).  If at any time the Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section 7.10, it shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect specified in this Article 7.
 
7.11            PREFERENTIAL COLLECTION OF CLAIMS AGAINST COMPANY.
 
The Trustee shall comply with TIA Section 311(a), excluding any creditor relationship listed in TIA Section 311(b).  A Trustee who has resigned or been removed shall be subject to TIA Section 311(a) to the extent indicated therein.
 
7.12            PAYING AGENTS.
 
The Company shall cause each Paying Agent other than the Trustee to execute and deliver to it and the Trustee an instrument in which such agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions of this Section 7.12:
 
(1)           that it will hold all sums held by it as agent for the payment of the principal of, or interest or premium, if any, on, the Securities (whether such sums have been paid to it by the Company or by any obligor on the Securities) in trust for the benefit of Holders of the Securities or the Trustee;
 
(2)           that it will at any time during the continuance of any Event of Default, upon written request from the Trustee, deliver to the Trustee all sums so held in trust by it together with a full accounting thereof; and
 
(3)           that it will give the Trustee written notice within three Business Days after any failure of the Company (or by any obligor on the Securities) in the payment of any installment of the principal of, or interest or premium, if any, on, the Securities when the same shall be due and payable.
 
ARTICLE 8
 
AMENDMENTS, SUPPLEMENTS AND WAIVERS
 
8.1            WITHOUT CONSENT OF HOLDERS.
 
The Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the Trustee may amend or supplement this Indenture or the Securities of one or more Series without notice to or consent of any Securityholder:
 
(1)           to comply with Section 5.1;
 
(2)           to provide for certificated Securities in addition to uncertificated Securities;
 
(3)           to comply with any requirements of the SEC under the TIA;
 
(4)           to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency, or to make any other change herein or in the Securities that does not materially and adversely affect the rights of any Securityholder;
 
(5)           to provide for the issuance of, and establish the form and terms and conditions of, Securities of any Series as permitted by this Indenture; or
 
(6)           to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more Series, and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee.
 
The Trustee is hereby authorized to join with the Company in the execution of any supplemental indenture authorized or permitted by the terms of this Indenture, and to make any further appropriate agreements and stipulations which may be therein
 
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contained, but the Trustee shall not be obligated to enter into any such supplemental indenture which adversely affects its own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture.
 
8.2            WITH CONSENT OF HOLDERS.
(a)           The Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the Trustee may amend or supplement this Indenture or the Securities of one or more Series with the written consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Securities of such Series affected by such amendment or supplement without notice to any Securityholder.  The Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Securities of each such Series affected by such amendment or supplement may waive compliance by the Company in a particular instance with any provision of this Indenture or the Securities of such Series without notice to any Securityholder.  Subject to Section 8.4, without the consent of each Securityholder affected, however, an amendment, supplement or waiver may not:
 
(i)      reduce the amount of Securities whose Holders must consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver to this Indenture or the Securities;
 
(ii)     reduce the rate of, or change the time for payment of, interest on any Security;
 
(iii)    reduce the principal, or change the Stated Maturity, of any Security, or reduce the amount of, or postpone the date fixed for, the payment of any sinking fund or analogous obligation;
 
(iv)    make any Security payable in money other than that stated in the Security;
 
(v)     change the amount or time of any payment required by the Securities, or reduce the premium payable upon any redemption of the Securities, or change the time before which no such redemption may be made;
 
(vi)    waive a Default or Event of Default in the payment of the principal of, or interest or premium, if any, on, any Security (except a rescission of acceleration of the Securities of any Series by the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of such Series and a waiver of the payment default that resulted from such acceleration);
 
(vii)   waive a redemption payment with respect to any Security, or change any of the provisions with respect to the redemption of any Securities;
 
(viii)  make any changes in Section 6.6 or this Section 8.2, except to increase any percentage of Securities the Holders of which must consent to any matter; or
 
(ix)     take any other action otherwise prohibited by this Indenture to be taken without the consent of each Holder affected thereby.
 
(b)           Upon the request of the Company, accompanied by a Board Resolution authorizing the execution of any such supplemental indenture, and upon the receipt by the Trustee of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee of the consent of the Securityholders as aforesaid and of the documents described in Section 8.6, the Trustee shall join with the Company in the execution of such supplemental indenture, unless such supplemental indenture affects the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture, in which case the Trustee may in its discretion, but shall not be obligated to, enter into such supplemental indenture.
 
(c)           It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Holders under this section to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment, supplement or waiver, but it shall be sufficient if such consent approves the substance thereof.
 
After an amendment or supplement under this Section becomes effective, the Company shall mail to Securityholders a notice briefly describing the amendment or supplement.  Any failure of the Company to mail any such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any supplemental indenture.
 
 
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8.3            COMPLIANCE WITH TRUST INDENTURE ACT.
 
Every amendment to, or supplement of, this Indenture or the Securities shall comply with the TIA as then in effect.
 
8.4            REVOCATION AND EFFECT OF CONSENTS.
 
Until an amendment, supplement, waiver or other action becomes effective, a consent to it by a Holder of a Security is a continuing consent conclusive and binding upon such Holder and every subsequent Holder of the same Security or portion thereof, and of any Security issued upon the transfer thereof or in exchange therefor or in place thereof, even if notation of the consent is not made on any such Security.  Any such Holder or subsequent Holder, however, may revoke the consent as to his Security or portion of a Security, if the Trustee receives the notice of revocation before the date the amendment, supplement, waiver or other action becomes effective.
 
The Company may, but shall not be obligated to, fix a record date for the purpose of determining the Holders entitled to consent to any amendment, supplement or waiver, which record date shall be at least 30 days prior to the first solicitation of such consent.  If a record date is fixed, then, notwithstanding the preceding paragraph, those Persons who were Holders at such record date (or their duly designated proxies), and only such Persons, shall be entitled to consent to such amendment, supplement or waiver, or to revoke any consent previously given, whether or not such Persons continue to be Holders after such record date.
 
After an amendment, supplement, waiver or other action becomes effective, it shall bind every Securityholder, unless it makes a change described in any of clauses (1) through (9) of Section 8.2.  In that case, the amendment, supplement, waiver or other action shall bind each Holder of a Security who has consented to it and every subsequent Holder of a Security or portion of a Security that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder’s Security; PROVIDED, that any such waiver shall not impair or affect the right of any Holder to receive payment of the principal of, and interest and premium, if any, on, a Security, on or after the respective due dates expressed in such Security, or to bring suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after such respective dates without the consent of such Holder.
 
8.5            NOTATION ON OR EXCHANGE OF SECURITIES.
 
If an amendment, supplement or waiver changes the terms of a Security of any Series, the Trustee may request the Holder of such Security to deliver it to the Trustee.  In such case, the Trustee shall place an appropriate notation on such Security about the changed terms and return it to the Holder.  Alternatively, the Company, in exchange for such Security, may issue, and the Trustee shall authenticate, a new security that reflects the changed terms.  Failure to make the appropriate notation or issue a new Security shall not affect the validity and effect of such amendment, supplement or waiver.
 
8.6            TRUSTEE TO SIGN AMENDMENTS, ETC.
 
The Trustee shall sign any amendment, supplement or waiver authorized pursuant to this Article 8 if the amendment, supplement or waiver does not adversely affect the rights, duties, liabilities or immunities of the Trustee.  If it does, the Trustee may, but need not, sign it.  In signing or refusing to sign such amendment, supplement or waiver the Trustee shall be entitled to receive and, subject to Section 7.1, shall be fully protected in relying upon an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel stating that such amendment, supplement or waiver is authorized or permitted by this Indenture.  The Company may not sign an amendment or supplement until the Board of Directors of the Company approves it.
 
ARTICLE 9
 
DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE; DEFEASANCE
 
9.1            DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE.
 
The Company may terminate its obligations under the Securities of any Series and this Indenture with respect to such Series, except the obligations referred to in the last paragraph of this Section 9.1, if there shall have been canceled by the Trustee, or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, all Securities of such Series theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than any Securities of such Series that are asserted to have been destroyed, lost or stolen and that shall have been replaced as provided in Section 2.8) and the Company has paid all sums payable by it hereunder or deposited all required sums with the Trustee.
 
 
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After such delivery the Trustee upon request shall acknowledge in a writing prepared by or on behalf of the Company the discharge of the Company’s obligations under the Securities of such Series and this Indenture, except for those surviving obligations specified below.
 
Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, the obligations of the Company in Sections 7.7, 9.5 and 9.6 shall survive.
 
9.2            LEGAL DEFEASANCE.
 
The Company may at its option, by Board Resolution, be discharged from its obligations with respect to the Securities of any Series on the date upon which the conditions set forth in Section 9.4 below are satisfied (hereinafter, “Legal Defeasance”).  For this purpose, such Legal Defeasance means that the Company shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire indebtedness represented by the Securities of such Series and to have satisfied all its other obligations under such Securities and this Indenture insofar as such Securities are concerned (and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company, shall, subject to Section 9.6, execute proper instruments acknowledging the same, as are delivered to it by the Company), except for the following, which shall survive until otherwise terminated or discharged hereunder: (A) the rights of Holders of outstanding Securities of such Series to receive solely from the trust funds described in Section 9.4 and as more fully set forth in such section, payments in respect of the principal of, and interest and premium, if any, on, the Securities of such Series when such payments are due, (B) the Company’s obligations with respect to the Securities of such Series under Sections 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8 and 2.9, (C) the rights, powers, trusts, duties and immunities of the Trustee hereunder (including claims of, or payments to, the Trustee under or pursuant to Section 7.7) and (D) this Article 9. Subject to compliance with this Article 9, the Company may exercise its option under this Section 9.2 with respect to the Securities of any Series notwithstanding the prior exercise of its option under Section 9.3 below with respect to the Securities of such Series.
 
9.3            COVENANT DEFEASANCE.
 
At the option of the Company, pursuant to a Board Resolution, the Company shall be released from its obligations with respect to the outstanding Securities of any Series under Sections 4.2 through 4.5, inclusive, and Section 5.1, with respect to the outstanding Securities of such Series, on and after the date the conditions set forth in Section 9.4 are satisfied (hereinafter, “Covenant Defeasance”).  For this purpose, such Covenant Defeasance means that the Company may omit to comply with and shall have no liability in respect of any term, condition or limitation set forth in any such specified section or portion thereof, whether directly or indirectly by reason of any reference elsewhere herein to any such specified Section or portion thereof or by reason of any reference in any such specified section or portion thereof to any other provision herein or in any other document, but the remainder of this Indenture and the Securities of any Series shall be unaffected thereby.
 
9.4            CONDITIONS TO LEGAL DEFEASANCE OR COVENANT DEFEASANCE.
 
The following shall be the conditions to application of Section 9.2 or Section 9.3 to the outstanding Securities of a Series:
 
(1)           the Company shall irrevocably have deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee (or another trustee satisfying the requirements of Section 7.10 who shall agree to comply with the provisions of this Article 9 applicable to it) as funds in trust for the purpose of making the following payments, specifically pledged as security for, and dedicated solely to, the benefit of the Holders of the Securities, (A) money in an amount, or (B) U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations which through the scheduled payment of principal and interest in respect thereof in accordance with their terms will provide, not later than the due date of any payment, money in an amount, or (C) a combination thereof, sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge, and which shall be applied by the Trustee (or other qualifying trustee) to pay and discharge, the principal of, and accrued interest and premium, if any, on, the outstanding Securities of such Series at the Stated Maturity of such principal, interest or premium, if any, or on dates for payment and redemption of such principal, interest and premium, if any, selected in accordance with the terms of this Indenture and of the Securities of such Series;
 
(2)           no Event of Default or Default with respect to the Securities of such Series shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit, or shall have occurred and be continuing at any time during the period ending on the 91st day after the date of such deposit or, if longer, ending on the day following the expiration of the longest preference period under any Bankruptcy Law applicable to the Company in respect of such deposit as specified in the Opinion of Counsel identified in paragraph (8) below (it being understood that this condition shall not be deemed satisfied until the expiration of such period);
 
 
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(3)           such Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not cause the Trustee to have a conflicting interest for purposes of the TIA with respect to any securities of the Company;
 
(4)           such Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute default under, any other agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound;
 
(5)           the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel stating that, as a result of such Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance, neither the trust nor the Trustee will be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended;
 
(6)           in the case of an election under Section 9.2, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel stating that (i) the Company has received from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a ruling to the effect that or (ii) there has been a change in any applicable Federal income tax law with the effect that, and such opinion shall confirm that, the Holders of the outstanding Securities of such Series or Persons in their positions will not recognize income, gain or loss for Federal income tax purposes solely as a result of such Legal Defeasance and will be subject to Federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner, including as a result of prepayment, and at the same times as would have been the case if such Legal Defeasance had not occurred;
 
(7)           in the case of an election under Section 9.3, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that the Holders of the outstanding Securities of such Series will not recognize income, gain or loss for Federal income tax purposes as a result of such Covenant Defeasance, and will be subject to Federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Covenant Defeasance had not occurred;
 
(8)           the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent provided for in this Article 9 relating to either the Legal Defeasance under Section 9.2 or the Covenant Defeasance under Section 9.3 (as the case may be) have been complied with;
 
(9)           the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate stating that the deposit under clause (1) was not made by the Company with the intent of defeating, hindering, delaying or defrauding any creditors of the Company or others; and
 
(10)         the Company shall have paid, or duly provided for payment under terms mutually satisfactory to the Company and the Trustee, all amounts then due to the Trustee pursuant to Section 7.7.
 
9.5            DEPOSITED MONEY AND U.S. AND FOREIGN GOVERNMENT OBLIGATIONS TO BE HELD IN TRUST; OTHER MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS.
 
All money, U.S. Government Obligations and Foreign Government Obligations (including the proceeds thereof) deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 9.4 in respect of the outstanding Securities shall be held in trust and applied by the Trustee, in accordance with the provisions of such Securities and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent as the Trustee may determine, to the Holders of such Securities, of all sums due and to become due thereon in respect of principal, accrued interest and premium, if any, but such money need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.
 
The Company shall pay and indemnify the Trustee against any tax, fee or other charge imposed on or assessed against the U.S. Government Obligations and Foreign Government Obligations deposited pursuant to Section 9.4 or the principal, interest and premium, if any, received in respect thereof other than any such tax, fee or other charge which by law is for the account of the Holders of the outstanding Securities.
 
Anything in this Article 9 to the contrary notwithstanding, but subject to payment of any of its outstanding fees and expenses, the Trustee shall deliver or pay to the Company from time to time upon Company Request any money, U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations held by the Trustee as provided in Section 9.4 which, in the opinion of a nationally-recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, are in excess of the amount thereof which would then be required to be deposited to effect an equivalent Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance.
 
 
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9.6            REINSTATEMENT.
 
If the Trustee or Paying Agent is unable to apply any money, U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations in accordance with Section 9.1, 9.2, 9.3 or 9.4 by reason of any legal proceeding or by reason of any order or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such application, the Company’s obligations under this Indenture and the Securities shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to this Article 9 until such time as the Trustee or Paying Agent is permitted to apply all such money, U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations, as the case may be, in accordance with Section 9.1, 9.2, 9.3 or 9.4; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that if the Company has made any payment of principal of, or accrued interest or premium, if any, on, any Securities because of the reinstatement of its obligations, the Company shall be subrogated to the rights of the Holders of such Securities to receive such payment from the money, U.S. Government Obligations or Foreign Government Obligations held by the Trustee or Paying Agent.
 
9.7            MONEYS HELD BY PAYING AGENT.
 
In connection with the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, all moneys then held by any Paying Agent under the provisions of this Indenture shall, upon demand of the Company, be paid to the Trustee, or, if sufficient moneys have been deposited pursuant to Section 9.1, to the Company, and thereupon such Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such moneys.
 
9.8            MONEYS HELD BY TRUSTEE.
 
Any moneys deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent or then held by the Company in trust for the payment of the principal of, or interest or premium, if any, on, any Security that are not applied but remain unclaimed by the Holder of such Security for two years after the date upon which the principal of, or interest or premium, if any, on, such Security shall have respectively become due and payable shall be repaid to the Company upon Company Request, or if such moneys are then held by the Company in trust, such moneys shall be released from such trust; and the Holder of such Security entitled to receive such payment shall thereafter, as an unsecured general creditor, look only to the Company for the payment thereof, and all liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money shall thereupon cease; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the Trustee or any such Paying Agent, before being required to make any such repayment, may, at the expense of the Company, either mail to each Securityholder affected, at the address shown in the register of the Securities maintained by the Registrar, or cause to be published once a week for two successive weeks, in a newspaper published in the English language, customarily published each Business Day and of general circulation in the City of New York, New York, a notice that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which shall not be less than 30 days from the date of such mailing or publication, any unclaimed balance of such moneys then remaining will be repaid to the Company. After payment to the Company or the release of any money held in trust by the Company, Securityholders entitled to the money must look only to the Company for payment as general creditors, unless applicable abandoned property law designates another Person.
 
ARTICLE 10
 
MISCELLANEOUS
 
10.1            TRUST INDENTURE ACT CONTROLS.
 
If any provision of this Indenture limits, qualifies or conflicts with another provision which is required to be included in this Indenture by the TIA, the required provision shall control.  If any provision of this Indenture modifies or excludes any provision of the TIA which may be so modified or excluded, the latter provision shall be deemed to apply to this Indenture as so modified or to be excluded, as the case may be.
 
10.2            NOTICES.
 
Any notice or communication shall be given in writing and delivered in Person, sent by facsimile (and receipt confirmed by telephone or electronic transmission report), delivered by commercial courier service or mailed by first-class mail, postage prepaid, addressed as follows:
 
 
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If to the Company:
 
Reading International, Inc.
 
500 Citadel Drive
Suite 300
Commerce, California 90040
Facsimile: (213) 235-2229
Attention: Chief Financial Officer

Copy to:
TroyGould PC
1801 Century Park East, 16 th Floor
Los Angeles, California 90067
Facsimile: (310) 201-4746
Attention: Dale E. Short, Esq.

If to the Trustee:
 
               __________________________
               __________________________
               __________________________
               __________________________
The Company or the Trustee by written notice to the other may designate additional or different addresses for subsequent notices or communications.  Any notice or communication to the Company or the Trustee shall be deemed to have been given or made as of the date so delivered if personally delivered; when receipt is confirmed by telephone or electronic transmission report, if sent by facsimile; and three Business Days after mailing if sent by registered or certified mail, postage prepaid (except that a notice of change of address shall not be deemed to have been given until actually received by the addressee).
 
Any notice or communication mailed to a Securityholder shall be mailed to such Securityholder by first-class mail, postage prepaid, at such Securityholder’s address shown on the register kept by the Registrar.
 
Failure to mail, or any defect in, a notice or communication to a Securityholder shall not affect its sufficiency with respect to other Securityholders.  If a notice or communication to a Securityholder is mailed in the manner provided above, it shall be deemed duly given, three Business Days after such mailing, whether or not the addressee receives it.
 
In case by reason of the suspension of regular mail service, or by reason of any other cause, it shall be impossible to mail any notice as required by this Indenture, then such method of notification as shall be made with the approval of the Trustee shall constitute a sufficient mailing of such notice.
 
In the case of Global Securities, notices or communications to be given to Securityholders shall be given to the Depository, in accordance with its applicable policies as in effect from time to time.
 
In addition to the manner provided for in the foregoing provisions, notices or communications to Securityholders shall be given by the Company by release made to Reuters Economic Services and Bloomberg Business News.
 
10.3            COMMUNICATIONS BY HOLDERS WITH OTHER HOLDERS.
 
Securityholders of any Series may communicate pursuant to TIA Section 312(b) with other Securityholders of that Series or any other Series with respect to their rights under this Indenture or the Securities of that Series or any other Series.  The Company, the Trustee, the Registrar and any other Person shall have the protection of TIA Section 312(c).
 
 
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10.4            CERTIFICATE AND OPINION AS TO CONDITIONS PRECEDENT.
 
Upon any request or application by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under this Indenture, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee:
 
(1)           an Officers’ Certificate (which shall include the statements set forth in Section 10.5 below) stating that, in the opinion of the signers, all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with; and
 
(2)           an Opinion of Counsel (which shall include the statements set forth in Section 10.5 below) stating that, in the opinion of such counsel, all such conditions precedent have been complied with.
 
10.5            STATEMENT REQUIRED IN CERTIFICATE AND OPINION.
 
Each certificate and opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture (other than pursuant to Section 4.4) shall include:
 
(1)           a statement that the Person making such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition;
 
(2)           a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based;
 
(3)           a statement that, in the opinion of such Person, it or he has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable it or him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and
 
(4)           a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of such Person, such covenant or condition has been complied with.
 
10.6            RULES BY TRUSTEE AND AGENTS.
 
The Trustee may make reasonable rules for action by or at meetings of Securityholders.  The Registrar and Paying Agent may make reasonable rules for their functions.
 
10.7            BUSINESS DAYS; LEGAL HOLIDAYS; PLACE OF PAYMENT.
 
A “Business Day” is a day that is not a Legal Holiday.  A “Legal Holiday” is a Saturday, a Sunday, a federally-recognized holiday or a day on which banking institutions are not authorized or required by law, regulation or executive order to be open in the State of New York.
 
If a payment date is a Legal Holiday at a Place of Payment, payment may be made at that place on the next succeeding day that is not a Legal Holiday, and no interest shall accrue for the intervening period.  “Place of Payment” means the place or places where the principal of, and interest and premium, if any, on, the Securities of a Series are payable as specified as contemplated by Section 2.2.  If the regular record date is a Legal Holiday, the record date shall not be affected.
 
10.8            GOVERNING LAW.
 
THIS INDENTURE AND THE SECURITIES SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, AS APPLIED TO CONTRACTS MADE AND PERFORMED WITHIN THE STATE OF NEW YORK WITHOUT REGARD TO PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAW.
 
10.9            NO ADVERSE INTERPRETATION OF OTHER AGREEMENTS.
 
This Indenture may not be used to interpret another indenture, loan, security or debt agreement of the Company or any Subsidiary thereof.  No such indenture, loan, security or debt agreement may be used to interpret this Indenture.
 
 
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10.10            NO RECOURSE AGAINST OTHERS.
 
A director, officer, employee, stockholder or incorporator, as such, of the Company shall not have any liability for any obligations of the Company under the Securities or the Indenture.  Each Securityholder by accepting a Security waives and releases all such liability.  Such waiver and release are part of the consideration for the issuance of the Securities.
 
10.11            SUCCESSORS.
 
All covenants and agreements of the Company in this Indenture and the Securities shall bind the Company’s successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not.  All agreements of the Trustee, any additional trustee and any Paying Agents in this Indenture shall bind their respective successors and assigns.
 
10.12            MULTIPLE COUNTERPARTS.
 
The parties may sign multiple counterparts of this Indenture.  Each signed counterpart shall be deemed an original, but all of them together represent one and the same agreement.
 
10.13            TABLE OF CONTENTS, HEADINGS, ETC.
 
The table of contents, cross-reference sheet and headings of the Articles and Sections of this Indenture have been inserted for convenience of reference only, are not to be considered a part hereof, and shall in no way modify or restrict any of the terms or provisions hereof.
 
10.14            SEVERABILITY.
 
Each provision of this Indenture shall be considered separable, and if for any reason any provision which is not essential to the effectuation of the basic purpose of this Indenture or the Securities shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby, and a Holder shall have no claim therefor against any party hereto.
 
10.15            SECURITIES IN A FOREIGN CURRENCY OR IN EUROS.
 
Unless otherwise specified in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officers’ Certificate delivered pursuant to Section 2.2 with respect to a particular Series of Securities, whenever for purposes of this Indenture any action may be taken by the Holders of a specified percentage in aggregate principal amount of Securities of all Series or all Series affected by a particular action at the time outstanding and, at such time, there are outstanding Securities of any Series which are denominated in a coin or currency other than Dollars (including Euros), then the principal amount of Securities of such Series which shall be deemed to be outstanding for the purpose of taking such action shall be that amount of Dollars that could be obtained for such amount at the Market Exchange Rate at such time. For purposes of this Section 10.15, “Market Exchange Rate” shall mean the noon Dollar buying rate in New York City for cable transfers of that currency as published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, in the case of Euros, Market Exchange Rate shall mean the rate of exchange determined by the Commission of the European Union (or any successor thereto) as published in the Official Journal of the European Union (such publication or any successor publication, the “Journal”). If such Market Exchange Rate is not available for any reason with respect to such currency, the Trustee shall use, in its sole discretion and without liability on its part, such quotation of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York or, in the case of Euros, the rate of exchange as published in the Journal, as of the most recent available date, or quotations or, in the case of Euros, rates of exchange from one or more major banks in New York City or in the country of issue of the currency in question or, in the case of Euros, in Luxembourg or such other quotations or, in the case of Euros, rates of exchange as the Trustee, upon consultation with the Company, shall deem appropriate. The provisions of this paragraph shall apply in determining the equivalent principal amount in respect of Securities of a Series denominated in currency other than Dollars in connection with any action taken by Holders of Securities pursuant to the terms of this Indenture.
 
All decisions and determinations of the Trustee regarding the Market Exchange Rate or any alternative determination provided for in the preceding paragraph shall be in the Trustee’s sole discretion, and shall, in the absence of manifest error, be conclusive to the extent permitted by law for all purposes and irrevocably binding upon the Company and all Holders.
 
 
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10.16            JUDGMENT CURRENCY.
 
The Company agrees, to the fullest extent that it may effectively do so under applicable law, that (a) if for the purpose of obtaining judgment in any court it is necessary to convert the sum due in respect of the principal of, or interest or premium, if any, or other amount on, the Securities of any Series (the “Required Currency”) into a currency in which a judgment will be rendered (the “Judgment Currency”), the rate of exchange used shall be the rate at which, in accordance with normal banking procedures, the Trustee could purchase in The City of New York the Required Currency with the Judgment Currency on the day on which final unappealable judgment is entered, unless such day is not a Business Day, in which instance, the rate of exchange used shall be the rate at which, in accordance with normal banking procedures, the Trustee could purchase in The City of New York the Required Currency with the Judgment Currency on the Business Day preceding the day on which final unappealable judgment is entered and (b) its obligations under this Indenture to make payments in the Required Currency (i) shall not be discharged or satisfied by any tender or any recovery pursuant to any judgment (whether or not entered in accordance with subsection (a)) in any currency other than the Required Currency, except to the extent that such tender or recovery shall result in the actual receipt, by the payee, of the full amount of the Required Currency expressed to be payable in respect of such payments, (ii) shall be enforceable as an alternative or additional cause of action for the purpose of recovering in the Required Currency the amount, if any, by which such actual receipt shall fall short of the full amount of the Required Currency so expressed to be payable and (iii) shall not be affected by judgment being obtained for any other sum due under this Indenture.
 
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed, and their respective corporate seals to be hereunto affixed and attested, all as of the day and year first above written.
 
 
READING INTERNATIONAL, INC.
   
   
   
 
By:  ___________________________         
 
Name:                 
 
Title:          
   
   
   
 
[NAME OF TRUSTEE]
   
   
   
 
By:  ___________________________             
 
Name:                 
 
Title:          
   
   
   
 
By:    _______________________   
 
Name:                     
 
Title:          
 
 
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EXHIBIT 5.1

TroyGould PC
1801 Century Park East, 16 th Floor
Los Angeles, California 90067
 
October 20, 2009

Reading International, Inc.
500 Citadel Drive, Suite 300
Commerce, California 90040

 
Re:
Form S-3 Registration Statement

Ladies and Gentlemen:

This opinion is being furnished in connection with the Registration Statement on Form S-3 (the “Registration Statement”), including the prospectus made part of the Registration Statement (the “Prospectus”), of Reading International, Inc., a Nevada corporation (the “Company”), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), on or about the date hereof.  The Prospectus provides that it will be supplemented in the future by one or more prospectus supplements (each, a “Prospectus Supplement”).  The Prospectus, as supplemented by the various Prospectus Supplements, relates to the offer and sale by the Company from time to time of (i) shares of class A non-voting common stock, $0.01 par value per share (“Common Stock”); (ii) one or more series of the debt securities of the Company, which may be either senior securities or subordinated securities and which may convertible into or exchangeable for shares of Common Stock (“Debt Securities”); (iii) warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock or Debt Securities (“Warrants”); and (iv) units comprising any combination of shares of Common Stock, Debt Securities, and Warrants (“Units”).
 
The Common Stock, Debt Securities, Warrants, and Units are collectively referred to herein as the “Securities.”  The Securities are being registered for offer and sale by the Company from time to time pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act.  The maximum aggregate public offering price of the Securities being registered will not exceed $100,000,000.
 
The Debt Securities will be issued pursuant to one or more indentures in the form filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement, as amended or supplemented from time to time (each, an “Indenture”), between the Company, as obligor, and a trustee chosen by the Company and qualified to act as such under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the “Trustee”).
 
In rendering this opinion, we have examined and relied upon the information set forth in the Registration Statement and such other records, agreements, certificates and documents, and have made legal and factual inquiries, as we have deemed necessary as a basis for the opinions expressed herein.  As to questions of fact not independently verified by us, we have relied upon certificates of public officials and of officers of the Company.
 
The opinions expressed herein are limited to matters governed by the Nevada Revised Statutes, including the reported cases interpreting those laws.
 
 
 

 

Reading International, Inc.
October 20, 2009
Page 2 of 3
 
Based upon the foregoing and subject to the additional qualifications set forth below, we are of the opinion that:
 
1.           When the issuance and the terms of the sale of the shares of Common Stock have been duly authorized by the board of directors of the Company in conformity with its certificate of incorporation, and such shares have been issued and delivered against payment of the purchase price therefor, in accordance with the applicable definitive purchase, underwriting or similar agreement, and as contemplated by the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the related Prospectus Supplement, and, if issued upon the conversion, exchange or exercise of Debt Securities or Warrants, when such shares have been duly issued and delivered as contemplated by the terms of the applicable Indenture or Warrants, the shares of Common Stock will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.
 
2.           When the issuance and the terms of the sale of Debt Securities have been duly authorized by the board of directors of the Company and duly established in conformity with the applicable Indenture so as not to violate any applicable law or result in a default under, or breach of, any agreement or instrument binding upon the Company and so as to comply with any requirement or restriction imposed by any court or governmental or regulatory body having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its property, and such Debt Securities have been duly executed, authenticated, issued, delivered and sold in accordance with the applicable definitive purchase, underwriting or similar agreement, as contemplated by the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the related Prospectus Supplement, and in the manner provided for in the applicable Indenture against payment of the purchase price therefor, such Debt Securities will constitute valid and binding obligations of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with their respective terms.
 
3.           When the issuance and the terms of the sale of Warrants have been duly authorized by the board of directors of the Company, the terms of such Warrants and of their issuance and sale have been duly established so as to not violate any applicable law or result in a default under, or breach of, any agreement or instrument binding upon the Company and so as to comply with any requirement or restriction imposed by any court or governmental or regulatory body having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its property, and such Warrants have been duly executed and issued and sold in accordance with the applicable definitive purchase, underwriting or similar agreement, as contemplated by the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the related Prospectus Supplement, such Warrants will constitute valid and binding obligations of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms.
 
4.           When the issuance and the terms of the sale of Units have been duly authorized by the board of directors of the Company, the terms of issuance and sale of shares of such Units have been duly established so as to not violate any applicable law or result in a default under, or breach of, any agreement or instrument binding upon the Company and so as to comply with any requirement or restriction imposed by any court or governmental or regulatory body having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its property, and such Units have been issued and delivered against payment of the purchase price therefor in accordance with the applicable definitive purchase, underwriting or similar agreement, and as contemplated by the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the related Prospectus Supplement, such Units will constitute valid and binding obligations of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms.
 
 
 

 

Reading International, Inc.
October 20, 2009
Page 3 of 3
 
In rendering the opinions set forth above, we have assumed that: (i) the Registration Statement will have become effective under the Securities Act, a Prospectus Supplement will have been prepared and filed with the SEC describing the Securities offered thereby and such Securities will have been issued and sold in accordance with the terms of such Prospectus Supplement; (ii) a definitive purchase, underwriting or similar agreement with respect to such Securities (if applicable) will have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company and the other parties thereto; (iii) the Securities will be duly authorized by all necessary corporate action by the Company and any Indenture, any applicable supplemental indenture thereto and any other agreement pursuant to which such Securities may be issued will be duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company and the other parties thereto; (iv) the Company is, and will remain, duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under applicable state law; and (v) the Company will have reserved a sufficient number of shares of its duly authorized and unissued Common Stock as is necessary to provide for the issuance of the shares of Common Stock, including shares of Common Stock issuable upon the conversion or exercise of Debt Securities and Warrants, pursuant to the Registration Statement.
 
The opinions set forth above are subject to the following exceptions, limitations and qualifications: (i) the effect of bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, fraudulent conveyance, moratorium or other similar laws now or hereafter in effect relating to or affecting the rights and remedies of creditors; (ii) the effect of general principles of equity, including without limitation, concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing and the possible unavailability of specific performance or injunctive relief, regardless of whether enforcement is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law, and the discretion of the court before which any proceeding therefor may be brought; and (iii) the unenforceability under certain circumstances under law or court decisions of provision providing for the indemnification of, or contribution to, a party with respect to a liability where such indemnification or contribution is contrary to public policy. We express no opinion (i) concerning the enforceability of any waiver of rights or defenses with respect to stay, extension or usury laws or (ii) with respect to whether acceleration of Debt Securities may affect the collectability of any portion of the stated principal amount thereof which might be determined to constitute unearned interest thereon.  Our opinions expressed herein are also subject to the qualification that no term or provision shall be included in any Indenture, any Warrant or any other agreement or instrument pursuant to which any of the Securities are to be issued that would affect the validity of such opinions.
 
We hereby consent to the filing of this letter as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the reference to this firm under the caption “Legal Matters” in the Prospectus.  Our consent shall not be deemed an admission that we are experts whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act.  This opinion may be used only in connection with the offer and sale of the Securities while the Registration Statement is effective.
 
Very truly yours,

/s/ TroyGould PC

TroyGould PC

 
 

 

EXHIBIT 12.1
 
Reading International, Inc.
 
Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
Note: The ratio of earnings to fixed charges is calculated by adding pre-tax income from continuing operations before adjustment for noncontrolling interests and equity in net income (loss) from affiliates plus fixed charges and dividing that sum by fixed charges.
 
   
Year Ended December 31,
   
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
   
2004
   
2005
   
2006
   
2007
   
2008
   
2009
 
Earnings (loss) - As defined by Reg. S-K Item 504
                                   
Pre-tax income from continuing operations
  $ (8,516 )   $ (10,826 )   $ (6,191 )   $ (3,519 )   $ (17,037 )   $ 7,164  
Add:
                                               
Fixed charges
    4,464       8,101       9,517       14,413       25,510       9,455  
Distributed income of equity investees
    1,546       855       6,647       4,619       951       412  
                                                 
Less:
                                               
Interest capitalized
    --       (2,612 )     (1,801 )     (4,422 )     (5,708 )     (136 )
Noncontrolling interests without fixed charges
    (112 )     (579 )     (672 )     (917 )     (500 )     (213 )
Earnings (loss)
  $ (2,618 )   $ (5,061 )   $ 7,500     $ 10,174     $ 3,216     $ 16,682  
                                                 
Fixed Charges:
                                               
Interest expensed
  $ 3,921     $ 4,682     $ 6,916     $ 8,961     $ 16,749     $ 7,998  
Interest capitalized
    --       2,612       1,801       4,422       5,708       136  
Amortization of capitalized expenses related to indebtedness
    --       --       --       160       1,235       417  
Estimated interest factor of rental expense
    543       807       800       870       1,818       904  
Total fixed charges
  $ 4,464     $ 8,101     $ 9,517     $ 14,413     $ 25,510     $ 9,455  
                                                 
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges
    *       *       *       *       *       1.76  
Deficiency of one-to-one coverage ratio of earnings to fixed charges
  $ 7,082     $ 13,162     $ 2,017     $ 4,239     $ 22,294       N/A  


EXHIBIT 23.1

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement on Form S-3 of our report, relating to the consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule of Reading International, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) dated March 16, 2009, October 16, 2009 as to the effects of the retrospective application of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements – An Amendment of ARB No. 51 and of SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets and correction of an error discussed in Note 28 (which report expresses an unqualified opinion and includes an explanatory paragraph regarding the Company's adoption of Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes—an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 ), appearing in the Annual Report on Form 10-K/A of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2008, and our report dated March 16, 2009 on the effectiveness of the Company internal control over financial reporting appearing in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2008, and to the reference to us under the heading "Experts" in the Prospectus, which is part of this Registration Statement.

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
 
Deloitte & Touche LLP
 
Los Angeles, California
October 16, 2009

EXHIBIT 23.2
 
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
 
We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement on Form S-3 of Reading International, Inc. of our report dated February 11, 2008 relating to the financial statements of 205-209 East 57 th Street Associates, LLC, which appears in Reading International, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2008.  We also consent to the reference to us under the heading Experts in such Registration Statement.
 
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
 
New York, New York
 
October 16, 2009
 

EXHIBIT 23.3
 
Consent of Independent Auditor
 
The Management Committee and Joint Venturers
 
Mt. Gravatt Cinemas Joint Venture:
 
We consent to the use of our report dated March 13, 2008, with respect to the balance sheet of Mt. Gravatt Cinemas Joint Venture as of December 31, 2007, and the related income statement, statement of changes in members’ equity, and statement of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2007, which report appears in the December 31, 2008 annual report on Form 10-K/A of Reading International, Inc., incorporated herein by reference.
 
KPMG
 
Sydney, Australia

October 20, 2009