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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM N-1A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
Post-Effective Amendment No. 39
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940
Amendment No. 41
QUANTITATIVE GROUP OF FUNDS d/b/a QUANT FUNDS
55 Old Bedford Road
Lincoln, MA 01773
(781) 259-1144
SANDRA I. MADDEN, Senior Counsel
Quantitative Investment Advisors, Inc.
55 Old Bedford Road
Lincoln, MA 01773
Copy to:
Mark P. Goshko, Esq.
KIRKPATRICK & LOCKHART PRESTON GATES ELLIS, LLP
State Street Financial Center
One Lincoln Street
Boston, MA 02111
Approximate Date of Proposed Public Offering: |
It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box)
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immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b) |
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on (date) pursuant to paragraph (b) |
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60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1) |
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on August 1, 2008 pursuant to paragraph (a)(1) |
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75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) |
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on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of rule 485. |
If appropriate, check the following box:
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this post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment. |
QUANT FUNDS
PROSPECTUS
August 1, 2008
This page is not part of the prospectus.
ORDINARY AND INSTITUTIONAL SHARES
U.S. EQUITY FUNDS
Quant Small Cap Fund
Quant Long/Short Fund
INTERNATIONAL EQUITY FUNDS
Quant Emerging Markets Fund
Quant Foreign Value Fund
Quant Foreign Value Small Cap Fund
This page is not part of the prospectus.
QUANT FUNDS
Quant Small Cap Fund
Quant Long/Short Fund
Quant Emerging Markets Fund
Quant Foreign Value Fund
Ordinary and Institutional Shares
PROSPECTUS
August 1, 2008
TABLE OF CONTENTS |
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Basic Information about the Funds |
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Summary of Fees and Expenses |
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Non-Principal Investment Policies and Related Risks |
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Management of the Funds |
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How to Invest |
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How to Exchange |
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How to Redeem |
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Calculation of Net Asset Value |
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Shareholder Services |
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Shareholder Account Policies |
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Other Policies |
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Dividends, Distributions and Taxation |
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Financial Highlights |
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An investment in a Quant Fund is NOT a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency.
A Quant Fund may not achieve its goals and is not intended as a complete investment program. Contact your investment professional to discuss how each Fund fits into your portfolio.
NEITHER THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION NOR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION HAS APPROVED THE FUNDS' SHARES OR DETERMINED WHETHER THE
INFORMATION IN THIS PROSPECTUS IS COMPLETE OR ACCURATE. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIME.
QUANT FUNDS
BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUNDS
Quant Small Cap Fund
Investment Objective
Maximum long-term capital appreciation.
Principal Investment Strategies
Under normal market conditions, Small Cap Fund invests at least 80% of its total assets in common stocks. Small Cap Fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets in stocks of small cap companies. Although there is no minimum market capitalization for companies whose securities Small Cap Fund may purchase, a small cap company will generally be a company with a market capitalization (at time of purchase) from $250 million to $2 billion. Small Cap Fund will invest primarily in the common stocks of U.S. issuers. Small Cap Fund may invest in the equity securities of foreign issuers that are traded in U.S. markets. For purposes of Small Cap Fund's investment policies, common stocks include securities with common stock characteristics such as depositary receipts, warrants and rights.
Small Cap Fund's Advisor primarily employs a "quantitative" investment approach to selecting investments. A quantitative investment approach relies on financial models and computer databases to assist in the stock selection process. Proprietary computer models are capable of rapidly ranking a large universe of eligible investments using an array of traditional factors applied in financial analysis, such as cash flow, earnings growth, and price to earnings ratios, as well as other non-traditional factors. With the benefit of these rankings, Small Cap Fund's Advisor can monitor a portfolio of securities for consistency with Small Cap Fund's investment objectives. To a lesser extent, Small Cap Fund's Advisor may also use qualitative analysis, due diligence, fundamental research, and analysis of an issuer based upon its financial statements and operations to identify security or market events not otherwise captured by its models.
Small Cap Fund's Advisor may invest in both value stocks and growth stocks. A value stock is a stock the Advisor believes is undervalued compared to its true worth. Value stocks are generally not expected to experience significant earnings growth. A growth stock is a stock the Advisor believes will have earnings that are likely to grow faster than the economy as a whole.
Principal Risks
Even though Small Cap Fund seeks long-term capital appreciation, you could lose money on your investment or not make as much as if you had invested elsewhere. See the Principal Risks table for more information on the main risks that could adversely affect your investment.
Quant Long/Short Fund
Investment Objective
Long-term growth of capital.
Principal Investment Strategies
Under normal market conditions, Long/Short Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in common stocks. The Long/Short Fund mainly invests in stocks of larger companies, generally with greater than $1 billion in market capitalization (at time of purchase). There is no minimum market capitalization for companies whose securities Long/Short Fund may purchase. Long/Short Fund will invest primarily in the common stock of U.S. issuers. For purposes of Long/Short Fund's investment policies, common stocks include securities with common stock characteristics such as depositary receipts, warrants and rights.
Long/Short Fund may invest in long and short positions of publicly traded equity securities. Long/Short Fund's long and short positions may include equity securities of foreign issuers that are traded in U.S. markets. Long/Short Fund buys securities "long" that the Fund's Advisor believes will outperform and sells securities "short" that the Long/Short Fund's Advisor believes will underperform. When Long/Short Fund buys a security long, it owns the security. When Long/Short Fund sells a security short, it borrows the security from a third party and sells it at the then-current market price. Long/Short Fund is then obligated to buy the security on a later date so that it can return the security to the lender. This is not a market neutral strategy. Long/Short Fund's long-short exposure will vary over time based on the Advisor's assessment of market conditions and other factors. The cash received from short sales may be used to invest in long equity positions. Under normal market conditions, Long/Short Fund's long equity exposure ordinarily ranges from 110% to 133% of the Long/Short Fund's net assets and its short equity exposure ordinarily ranges from 10% to 33% of the Fund's net assets. Long/Short Fund's Advisor will normally maintain long and short positions such that the Fund's net long equity exposure (i.e., the percentage of long equity positions minus the percentage of short equity positions) does not exceed 100% of the Fund's net assets, excluding cash and cash equivalents.
Long/Short Fund's Advisor primarily employs a "quantitative" investment approach to selecting investments. A quantitative investment approach relies on financial models and computer databases to assist in the stock selection process. Proprietary computer models are capable of rapidly ranking a large universe of eligible investments using an array of traditional factors applied in financial analysis, such as cash flow, earnings growth, and price to earnings ratios, as well as other non-traditional factors. In addition, Long/Short Fund's Advisor follows a quantitative research process which generates potential factors or portfolio construction techniques that the Advisor believes could result in improvement of Long/Short Fund's risk or return characteristics. Such factors and construction techniques are then rigorously tested to determine whether they add value on their own and in conjunction with the existing process before any changes will be made to the existing models. With the benefit of these rankings, Long/Short Fund's Advisor also can monitor a portfolio of securities for consistency with Long/Short Fund's investment objectives. To a lesser extent, Long/Short Fund's Advisor may also use qualitative analysis, due diligence, fundamental research, and analysis of the issuer based upon its financial statements and operations to identify security or market events not otherwise captured by its models.
Long/Short Fund's Advisor may invest in both value stocks and growth stocks. A value stock is a stock the Advisor believes is undervalued compared to its true worth. Value stocks are generally not expected to experience significant earnings growth. A growth stock is a stock the Advisor believes will have earnings that are likely to grow faster than the economy as a whole.
Principal Risks
Even though Long/Short Fund seeks long-term growth of capital, you could lose money on your investment or not make as much as if you had invested elsewhere. See the Principal Risks table for more information on the main risks that could adversely affect your investment.
Quant Emerging Markets Fund
Investment Objective
Long-term growth of capital.
Principal Investment Strategies
Under normal market conditions, Emerging Markets Fund invests at least 80% of its total assets in common stocks of emerging markets issuers. An emerging market issuer is one that is organized under the laws of an emerging market country, has a principal office in an emerging market country or derives at least 50% of its gross revenues or profits from goods or services produced in emerging market countries or from sales made in emerging market countries. For purposes of Emerging Markets Fund's investment policies, common stocks include securities with common stock characteristics such as depositary receipts (see below), warrants and rights. Emerging Markets Fund may also buy and sell forward foreign currency exchange contracts in non-U.S. currencies in connection with its investments.
Depositary Receipts. A depositary receipt is a receipt traded on an investor's domestic market for the shares of a company traded in foreign capital markets. American Depositary Receipts ("ADRs") are receipts of shares of a foreign-based company traded on a U.S. market. Instead of buying shares of foreign-based companies in a foreign market, U.S. investors can buy shares in the U.S. in the form of an ADR. Although traded in the U.S. markets, ADRs may be subject to the risks of their underlying foreign investments. Global Depositary Receipts ("GDRs") are receipts of shares of a company traded on a foreign market, typically an emerging market, and are generally traded on major foreign exchanges. GDRs allow investors to avoid potentially difficult and expensive trading on the issuing company's home exchange. Because the companies issuing GDRs are not as well established and do not use the same accounting system as more developed markets, their stocks tend to be more volatile and less liquid. Other types of depositary receipts may also be used.
Emerging Markets Fund generally will be invested in issuers in eight or more emerging markets. Emerging Markets Fund will not allocate more than 25% of its total assets to any one country but it may invest more than 25% of its total assets in a particular region. Emerging Markets Fund considers any market that is not developed to be an emerging market. Currently, emerging markets include, but are not limited to, countries included in the Morgan Stanley Capital International Emerging Markets index: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, China, Columbia, Czech Republic, Egypt, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Israel, Jordan, Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, Morocco, Pakistan, Peru, the Philippines, Poland, Russia, South Africa, Taiwan, Thailand, and Turkey. At the discretion of Emerging Markets Fund's Advisor, Emerging Markets Fund may invest in other emerging countries.
Emerging Market Fund's Advisor primarily employs a "quantitative" investment approach to selecting investments. A quantitative investment approach relies on financial models and computer databases to assist in the stock selection process. The Advisor's proprietary computer models are capable of rapidly ranking a large universe of eligible investments using an array of traditional factors applied in financial analysis, such as cash flow, earnings growth, and price to earnings ratios, as well as other non-traditional factors. With the benefit of these rankings, the Advisor can monitor a portfolio of securities for consistency with the Emerging Markets Fund's investment objectives. To a lesser extent, Emerging
Markets Fund's Advisor may also use qualitative research to identify industry, country or market events not otherwise captured by its models.
Emerging Markets Fund may invest in companies of any capitalization. Emerging Markets Fund's Advisor may invest in both value stocks and growth stocks. A value stock is a stock the Advisor believes is undervalued compared to its true worth. Value stocks are generally not expected to experience significant earnings growth. A growth stock is a stock the Advisor believes will have earnings that are likely to grow faster than the economy as a whole.
Principal Risks
An investment in Emerging Markets Fund involves a substantial degree of risk. Even though Emerging Markets Fund seeks long-term growth of capital, you could lose money on your investment or not make as much as if you had invested elsewhere. See the Principal Risks table for more information on the main risks that could adversely affect your investment.
Quant Foreign Value Fund
Investment Objective
Long-term growth of capital and income.
Principal Investment Strategies
Under normal market conditions, the Foreign Value Fund invests at least 80% of its total assets in common stocks of foreign markets issuers. A foreign markets issuer is one that is organized under the laws of a non-U.S. country, has a principal office in a non-U.S. country or derives at least 50% of its gross revenues or profits from goods or services produced in non-U.S. markets or from sales made in non-U.S. markets. Generally, Foreign Value Fund invests in foreign markets issuers in Europe, Australia, and the larger capital markets of the Far East; however, Foreign Value Fund also may invest without limit in emerging markets issuers. An emerging market issuer is one that is organized under the laws of an emerging country, has a principal office in an emerging country or derives at least 50% of its gross revenues or profits from goods or services produced in emerging market countries or from sales made in emerging market countries. For purposes of Foreign Value Fund's investment policies, common stocks include securities with common stock characteristics such as depositary receipts (see below), participatory notes, warrants and rights. Foreign Value Fund may also buy and sell forward foreign currency exchange contracts in non-U.S. currencies in connection with its investments.
Depositary Receipts. A depositary receipt is a receipt traded on an investor's domestic market for the shares of a company traded in foreign capital markets. American Depositary Receipts ("ADRs") are receipts of shares of a foreign-based company traded on a U.S. market. Instead of buying shares of foreign-based companies in foreign markets, U.S. investors can buy shares in the U.S. in the form of an ADR. Although traded in the U.S. markets, ADRs may be subject to the risks of their underlying foreign investments. Global Depositary Receipts ("GDRs") are receipts of shares of a company traded on a foreign market, typically an emerging market, and are generally traded on major foreign exchanges. GDRs allow investors to avoid potentially difficult and expensive trading on the issuing company's home exchange. Because the companies issuing GDRs are not as well established and do not use the same accounting system as more developed markets, their stocks tend to be more volatile and less liquid. Other types of depositary receipts may also be used.
Foreign Value Fund's Advisor primarily employs a "quantitative" investment approach to selecting investments. A quantitative investment approach relies on financial models and computer databases to assist in the stock selection process. Proprietary computer models are capable of rapidly ranking a large universe of eligible investments using an array of traditional factors applied in financial analysis, such as cash flow, earnings growth, and price to earnings ratios, as well as other non-traditional factors.
Foreign Value Fund's Advisor uses a three-step investment decision making process, with the objective to identify companies with the most undervalued streams of sustainable cash flow. First, because the Advisor believes that country and industry factors are important influences on security prices, it employs proprietary quantitative investment technology to evaluate data such as cash flow and interest rates to produce a ranking of country and industry value sectors. Second, because the Advisor believes that normal security price fluctuations produce company valuations that can undervalue the cash flow or assets of a company, it uses traditional valuation criteria to regularly screen a database of more than 20,000 companies to identify a pool of approximately 500 securities with the greatest potential for undervalued streams of sustainable cash flow or undervalued assets. Third, the Advisor conducts rigorous fundamental research on the pool of companies identified throughout the first two steps of the investment process. The Advisor also maintains a "watch-list" of approximately 250 companies which may be used if the valuation of a company held in Foreign Value Fund's portfolio falls below the value of an alternative company. With the benefit of these rankings, Foreign Value Fund's Advisor also can monitor a portfolio of securities for consistency with Foreign Value Fund's investment objectives.
Foreign Value Fund generally will be invested in issuers in three or more foreign markets. Foreign Value Fund may invest in companies of any capitalization. Although Foreign Value Fund's Advisor may invest in both value stocks and growth stocks, Foreign Value Fund mainly invests in value stocks that Foreign Value Fund's Advisor believes are currently undervalued compared to their true worth. A growth stock is a stock the Advisor believes will have earnings that are likely to grow faster than the economy as a whole.
Principal Risks
An investment in Foreign Value Fund involves a high degree of risk. Even though Foreign Value Fund seeks long-term growth of capital and income, you could lose money on your investment or not make as much as if you had invested elsewhere. See the Principal Risks table for more information on the main risks that could adversely affect your investment.
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Quant Foreign Value Small Cap Fund (the "Fund") Investment Objective
Long-term growth of capital and income.
Principal Investment Strategies
Under normal market conditions, the Fund invests at least 80% of its total assets in common stocks of foreign markets issuers. A foreign markets issuer is one that is organized under the laws of a non-U.S. country, has a principal office in a non-U.S. country and derives at least 50% of its gross revenues or profits from goods or services produced in non-U.S. markets or from sales made in non-U.S. markets. Generally, the Fund invests in foreign markets issuers in Europe, Australia, and the larger capital markets of the Far East; however, the Fund also may invest without limit in emerging markets issuers. An emerging market issuer is one that is organized under the laws of an emerging country, has a principal office in an emerging country or derives at least 50% of its gross revenues or profits from goods or services produced in emerging market countries or from sales made in emerging market countries. For purposes of the Fund's investment policies, common stocks include securities with common stock characteristics such as depositary receipts (see below), participatory notes, warrants and rights. The Fund may also buy and sell forward foreign currency exchange contracts in non-U.S. currencies in connection with its investments.
The Fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets in stocks of small cap companies. Although there is no minimum market capitalization for companies whose securities the Fund may purchase, a small cap company will generally be a company with a market capitalization (at time of purchase) from $250 million to $2 billion.
Depositary Receipts. A depositary receipt is a receipt traded on an investor's domestic market for the shares of a company traded in foreign capital markets. American Depositary Receipts ("ADRs") are receipts of shares of a foreign-based company traded on a U.S. market. Instead of buying shares of foreign-based companies in foreign markets, U.S. investors can buy shares in the U.S. in the form of an ADR. Although traded in the U.S. markets, ADRs may be subject to the risks of their underlying foreign investments. Global Depositary Receipts ("GDRs") are receipts of shares of a company traded on a foreign market, typically an emerging market, and are generally traded on major foreign exchanges. GDRs allow investors to avoid potentially difficult and expensive trading on the issuing company's home exchange. Because the companies issuing GDRs are not as well established and do not use the same accounting system as more developed markets, their stocks tend to be more volatile and less liquid. Other types of depositary receipts may also be used.
The Fund's advisor, Polaris Capital Management, LLC ("Polaris" or the "Advisor") primarily employs an investment approach that combines investment technology with fundamental analysis to select investments. This investment approach relies on computer databases, proprietary screens, and financial models to assist in the stock selection process. Proprietary computer models, databases and screens are capable of rapidly ranking a large universe of eligible investments using an array of traditional factors applied in financial analysis, such as cash flow, earnings growth, and price to earnings ratios, as well as other non-traditional factors.
The Fund's Advisor uses a three-step investment decision making process, with the objective to identify companies with the most undervalued streams of sustainable cash flow. First, because the Advisor believes that country and industry factors are important influences on security prices, it employs proprietary quantitative investment technology to evaluate data such as cash flow and interest rates to produce a ranking of country and industry value sectors. Second, because the Advisor believes that
normally volatile security price fluctuations produce company valuations that can undervalue the cash flow or assets of a company, it uses traditional valuation criteria to regularly screen a database of more than 16,000 international companies to identify a pool of approximately 500 to 900 securities with the greatest potential for undervalued streams of sustainable cash flow or undervalued assets. Third, the Advisor conducts rigorous fundamental research on the pool of companies identified throughout the first two steps of the investment process. The Advisor will maintain a "watch-list" of companies which may be used if the valuation of a company held in the Fund's portfolio falls below the value of an alternative company. With the benefit of these rankings, the Fund's Advisor also can monitor a portfolio of securities for consistency with the Fund's investment objectives.
The Fund generally will be invested in issuers in ten or more foreign countries. Although the Fund's Advisor may invest in both value stocks and growth stocks, the Fund mainly invests in value stocks that the Fund's Advisor believes are currently undervalued compared to their true worth. A growth stock is a stock the Advisor believes will have earnings that are likely to grow faster than the economy as a whole.
For the Quant Foreign Value Small Cap Fund the manager will focus on smaller capitalization companies whose equity market value is generally less than $2 billion.
QUANT FUNDS
Principal Risks for Each Fund
Even though each Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective, you could lose money on your investment or not make as much as if you had invested elsewhere. The main risks that could affect your investment include:
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Warrants do not carry with them the right to dividends or voting rights with respect to the securities that they entitle their holders to purchase, and they do not represent any rights in the assets of the issuer. An investment in warrants may be considered more speculative than certain other types of investments. The value of a warrant does not necessarily change with the value of the underlying securities, and warrants expire worthless if they are not exercised on or prior to their expiration date. |
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Small Cap Companies |
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Investment in these Funds involves a high degree of risk due to each Fund's investments in small cap companies. Small cap companies are more likely than larger companies to have limited product lines, markets or financial resources, or to depend on a small, inexperienced management group. Small cap companies' earnings and revenue tend to be less predictable than for larger companies. Stocks of these companies may trade less frequently and in limited volume, and their prices may fluctuate more than stocks of other companies. Stocks of these companies may therefore be more vulnerable to adverse developments than those of larger companies. Such stocks may be harder to sell at the times and prices the Fund's Advisor thinks appropriate. |
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Small and Mid Cap Companies |
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To the extent that a Fund invests in small and mid cap companies, such companies are more likely than larger companies to have limited product lines, markets or financial resources, or to depend on a small, inexperienced management group. Small and mid cap companies' earnings and revenue tend to be less predictable than for larger companies. Stocks of these companies may trade less frequently and in limited volume, and their prices may fluctuate more than stocks of other companies. Stocks of these companies may therefore be more vulnerable to adverse developments than those of larger companies. Such stocks may be harder to sell at the times and prices the Fund's Advisor thinks appropriate. |
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Value Stocks |
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To the extent the Fund invests in value stocks, if the Fund's Advisor's assessment of a company's prospects is wrong, or if the market fails to recognize the stock's value, then the price of the company's stock may not approach the value that the Fund's Advisor believes is the full market value. Value stocks may also decline in price even when the Fund's Advisor already believes they are undervalued. |
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Growth Stocks |
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To the extent the Fund invests in growth stocks, if the Fund's Advisor's assessment of the prospects for the company's earnings growth is wrong, or if its judgment about how other investors will value the company's earnings growth is wrong, then the price of the company's stock may fall or not approach the value that the Fund's Advisor has placed on it. |
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Foreign Investments |
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An investment in these Funds involves a high degree of risk due to each Fund's foreign investments. Unfavorable changes in currency exchange rates: Foreign investments are normally issued and traded in foreign currencies. As a result, their values may be affected by changes in the exchange rates between particular foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. Political and economic developments: Foreign investments may be subject to the risks of seizure by a foreign government, imposition of restrictions on the exchange or transport of foreign currency, and tax increases. Unreliable or untimely information: There may be less information publicly available about a foreign company than about most U.S. companies, and foreign companies are usually not subject to accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and practices comparable to those in the United States. Limited legal recourse: Legal remedies for investors such as the Fund may be more limited than those available in the United States. Limited markets: Certain foreign investments may be less liquid (harder to buy and sell) and more volatile than domestic investments, which means the Fund may at times be unable to sell these investments at desirable prices. For the same reason, the Fund may at times find it difficult to value their foreign investments. Trading practices: Brokerage commissions and other fees are generally higher for foreign investments than for domestic investments. The procedures and rules for settling foreign transactions may also involve delays in payment, delivery or recovery of money or investments. Lower yield: Common stocks of foreign companies have historically offered lower dividends than comparable U.S. companies. Foreign withholding taxes may further reduce the amount of income available to distribute to shareholders of the Fund. The Fund's yield is therefore expected to be lower than yields of most funds that invest mainly in common stocks of U.S. companies. Certain of these risks may also apply to some extent to U.S.-traded investments that are denominated in foreign currencies, investments in U.S. companies that are traded in foreign markets, or to investments in U.S. companies that have significant foreign operations. |
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Emerging Markets Investments |
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An investment in the Emerging Markets Fund involves a substantial degree of risk due to its high exposure to emerging markets investments. To the extent that Foreign Value Fund and the Foreign Value Small Cap Fund invests in emerging markets investments, each Fund is also subject to this type of risk. Investing in emerging markets involves risks in addition to and greater than those generally associated with investing in more developed foreign markets. The extent of foreign development, political stability, market depth, infrastructure and capitalization and regulatory oversight are generally less than in more developed markets. Emerging market economies can be subject to greater social, economic, regulatory and political uncertainties including potential expropriation and confiscatory taxation. All of these factors generally make emerging market securities more volatile and potentially less liquid than securities issued in more developed markets. Accordingly, at times the Fund may find it even more difficult to value their emerging markets investments than the Fund's other foreign investments. |
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Short Sales Risk |
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If a security sold short increases in price, the Fund may have to cover its short position at a higher price than the short sale price, resulting in a loss. To borrow the security, the Fund also may be required to pay a premium, which would increase the cost of the security sold short. The amount of any gain will be decreased, and the amount of any loss increased, by the amount of the premium, dividends, interest or expenses the Fund may be required to pay in connection with the short sale. In addition, because the Fund's loss on a short sale arises from increases in the value of the security sold short, such loss is theoretically unlimited. By contrast, the Fund's loss on a long position arises from decreases in the value of the security and is limited by the fact that a security's value cannot drop below zero. |
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Segregated Account Risk |
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Until the Fund replaces a borrowed security, it is required to maintain a segregated account of cash or highly liquid securities with a broker or custodian to cover the Fund's short position. Securities held in a segregated account cannot be sold while the position they are covering is outstanding, unless they are replaced with similar securities. As a result, there is the possibility that segregation of a percentage of the Fund's assets could affect its portfolio management. |
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Leverage Risk |
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By investing the proceeds received from selling securities short, the Fund is employing leverage, which creates special risks. The use of leverage may increase the Fund's exposure to long equity positions and make any change in the Fund's net asset value per share greater than without the use of leverage. This could result in increased volatility of returns. |
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Derivatives |
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The Fund may use futures and options on securities, indices and currencies and other derivatives. A derivative is a security or instrument whose value is determined by reference to the value or the change in value of one or more securities, currencies, indices or other financial instruments. Even a small investment in derivatives could have a significant impact on the Fund's risk exposure to stock market values, interest rates or currency exchange rates. Certain derivatives may be less liquid and more difficult to value than other types of securities. Derivatives may be used for both hedging and non-hedging purposes. Derivatives will not be used as a primary investment technique. Non-principal uses could include hedging against adverse changes in stock market prices, interest rates or currency exchange rates; using derivatives as a substitute for buying or selling securities or to increase the Fund's return as a non-hedging strategy that may be considered speculative.
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Non-Diversification |
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Each of the Funds is "non-diversified" under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "1940 Act") that means that it may invest a higher percentage of its assets in a smaller number of issuers. As a result, a decline in the value of the securities of one issuer could have a greater negative effect on the Fund. This risk is greater for smaller companies that are the primary investment vehicles for the Small Cap Fund, which tend to be more vulnerable to adverse developments. |
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QUANT FUNDS
Performance
The following bar charts and tables indicate some of the risks of investing in a Fund by showing changes in each Fund's performance over time. The tables also compare a Fund's performance to a broad measure of market performance that reflects the type of securities in which the Fund invests. Of course, past performance does not necessarily indicate how the Fund will perform (before and after taxes) in the future. Because the chart and table reflect calendar year performance, the numbers will differ from those in the "Financial Highlights" table later in this Prospectus and in the Fund's shareholder report, which are based on the Fund's fiscal year end of March 31.
Bar charts. The bar charts show changes in the annual total returns of a Fund's Ordinary Shares as of December 31 for the past ten years, or a shorter period of time if a Fund has not been in existence for ten years. Returns in the bar charts do not reflect the 1% deferred sales charge applicable to the Ordinary Shares of the Funds as described in the Summary of Fees and Expenses table below. The deferred sales charge, if reflected, would reduce the returns of a Fund. Returns for Institutional Shares will differ from the Ordinary Share returns due to differences in expenses between the classes.
Average annual total return tables. The average annual total return tables following the bar charts reflect the 1% deferred sales charge for the Ordinary Shares of each Fund. The average annual total return tables compare each class of a Fund to broad-based market indices that invest in comparable types of stocks. Unlike the Funds, the indexes are not actively managed. Investment returns for the indexes assume the reinvestment of dividends paid on stocks comprising the indexes.
After tax returns. After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state or local taxes. Actual after-tax returns may differ depending on your individual circumstances and may differ from those shown. The after-tax returns shown are not relevant if you hold your shares in a retirement account or in another tax-deferred arrangement. After-tax returns are shown only for Ordinary Shares and after-tax returns for Institutional Shares may vary. A Fund's past performance, before and after taxes, is not necessarily an indication of how the Fund will perform in the future. After-tax returns on distributions and sales may be higher than other returns for the same period due to a tax benefit of realizing a capital loss upon the sale of Fund shares.
QUANT FUNDS TO BE UPDATED
Quant Small Cap Fund
Annual Return Ordinary Class
(Calendar year ended December 31)
The calendar year-to-date return of the Ordinary Shares of Small Cap Fund as of 6/30/2008 is xxx
Best Quarter: |
Q4 |
|
Worst Quarter: |
|
|
Average Annual Total Returns for the periods ended December 31, 2007
|
|
1 Year |
|
5 Years |
|
10 Years |
|
Since
|
|
Inception
|
|
||||||||||
Ordinary Shares Before Taxes |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
8/3/92 |
|
||
Ordinary Shares After Taxes on Distributions |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
||
Ordinary Shares After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
||
Institutional Shares Before Taxes |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
1/6/93 |
|
||
Russell 2000 Index (reflects no deductions for fees, expenses or taxes) |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
* |
|
* Reflects the return of the index since 9/30/92 (the quarter end after the inception of Ordinary Shares). The return of the index since 3/31/93 (the quarter end after the inception of Institutional Shares) is xx%.
The Russell 2000 Index is comprised of the bottom two-thirds of the largest 3,000 publicly traded companies in the United States. It is widely recognized as representative of the general market for small company stocks.
QUANT FUNDS
Quant Long/Short Fund*
Annual Return Ordinary Class
(Calendar year ended December 31)
The calendar year-to-date return of the Ordinary Shares of Long/Short Fund as of 6/30/2008 is xx%.
Best Quarter: |
Q4 |
|
Worst Quarter: |
|
|
Average Annual Total Returns for the periods ended December 31, 2007*
|
|
1 Year |
|
5 Years |
|
10 Years |
|
Since
|
|
Inception
|
|
||||||||||
Ordinary Shares Before Taxes |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
5/6/85 |
|
||
Ordinary Shares After Taxes on Distributions |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
||
Ordinary Shares After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
||
Institutional Shares Before Taxes |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
3/25/91 |
|
||
S&P 500 Index (reflects no deductions for fees, expenses or taxes) |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
** |
|
* On November 1, 2006, the Long/Short Fund (formerly known as Quant Growth and Income Fund) changed its principal investment strategy and prior to this date did not take short positions as part of its main investment strategies. Performance shown for periods prior to November 1, 2006 does not reflect the new investment strategy. On January 2, 2008, Analytic began serving as Advisor to the Long/Short Fund. Prior to January 2, 2008, SSgA Funds Management, Inc. served as Advisor to the Long/Short Fund.
** Reflects the return of the index since 6/30/85 (the quarter end after the inception of Ordinary Shares). The return of the index since 3/31/91 (the quarter end after the inception of Institutional Shares) is xx%.
The S&P 500 Index is comprised of stocks chosen by Standard & Poor's for their size and industry characteristics. It is widely recognized as representative of the general market for stocks in the United States.
QUANT FUNDS TO BE UPDATED
Quant Emerging Markets Fund
Annual Return Ordinary Class
(Calendar year ended December 31)
The calendar year-to-date return of the Ordinary Shares of Emerging Markets Fund as of 6/30/2008 is xx%.
Best Quarter: |
|
|
Worst Quarter: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average Annual Total Returns for the periods ended December 31, 2007
|
|
1 Year |
|
5 Years |
|
10 Years |
|
Since
|
|
Inception
|
|
||||||||||
Ordinary Shares Before Taxes |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
9/30/94 |
|
||
Ordinary Shares After Taxes On Distributions |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
N/A |
|
||
Ordinary Shares After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
N/A |
|
||
Institutional Shares Before Taxes |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
4/2/96 |
|
||
MSCI EM Index (reflects no deductions for fees, expenses or taxes) |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
* |
|
* Reflects the return of the index since 9/30/94 (the quarter end after the inception of Ordinary Shares). The return of the index since 6/30/96 (the quarter end after the inception of Institutional Shares) is xx%.
The Morgan Stanley Capital International Emerging Markets ("MSCI EM") Index is comprised of stocks located in emerging market countries other than the United States. It is widely recognized as representative of the general market for emerging markets.
QUANT FUNDS |
TO BE UPDATED |
Quant Foreign Value Fund
Annual Return Ordinary Class
(Calendar year ended December 31)
The calendar year-to-date return of the Ordinary Shares of Foreign Value Fund as of 6/30/2008 is xx%.
Best Quarter: |
|
|
Worst Quarter: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average Annual Total Returns for the periods ended December 31, 2007
|
|
1 Year |
|
5 Years |
|
10 Years |
|
Since
|
|
Inception
|
|
||||||||
Ordinary Shares Before Taxes |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
N/A |
|
|
|
% |
|
5/15/98 |
|
||
Ordinary Shares After Taxes on Distributions |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
N/A |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
||
Ordinary Shares After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
N/A |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
||
Institutional Shares Before Taxes |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
N/A |
|
|
|
% |
|
12/18/98 |
|
||
MSCI EAFE Index (reflects no deductions for fees, expenses or taxes) |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
N/A |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
* |
|
* Reflects the return of the index since 6/30/98 (the quarter end after the inception of Ordinary Shares). The return of the index since 12/31/98 (the quarter end after the inception of Institutional Shares) is xx%.
The Morgan Stanley Capital International Europe, Australasia and Far East ("MSCI EAFE") Index is comprised of stocks located in countries other than the United States. It is widely recognized as representative of the general market for developed foreign markets.
QUANT FUNDS
Quant Foreign Value Small Cap Fund
The Foreign Value Small Cap Fund commenced operations on May 1, 2008. Therefore, financial information as of March 31, 2008 is unavailable.
TO BE UPDATED
SUMMARY OF FEES AND EXPENSES
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Funds.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) 1
|
Ordinary
|
Institutional
|
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases (as a percentage of offering price) |
None |
None |
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of redemption proceeds) |
1.00% 2 |
None |
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Reinvested Dividend and Other Distributions
|
1.00% 2 |
None |
Maximum Redemption Fee |
None |
None |
Annual Fund Operating Expenses as a percentage of average net assets
(expenses that are deducted from Fund assets)
|
Small Cap
|
Long/Short
|
Emerging Markets
|
Foreign
|
Foreign Value Small Cap Fund |
Ordinary Shares |
|
|
|
|
|
Management Fee |
1.00% |
1.00% |
1.00% |
1.00% |
1.00% |
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.25% 5 |
0.25% 5 |
0.25% 5 |
0.25% |
0.25% |
Other Expenses 6 |
|
|
|
|
0.50% 3 |
Short Sale Dividend Expenses |
|
0.02% 7 |
|
|
|
Remainder of Other Expenses |
|
0.25% 7 |
|
|
|
Total of Other Expenses |
|
|
|
|
1.75% 4 |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
Acquired Fund (Indirect Underlying Fund) 8 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total Direct and Acquired Fund Annual Operating Expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Small Cap
|
Long/Short
|
Emerging Markets
|
Foreign
|
Foreign Value Small Cap Fund 3 |
Institutional Shares |
|
|
|
|
|
Management Fee |
1.00% |
1.00% |
1.00% |
1.00% |
1.00% |
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None
|
Other Expenses 6 |
|
|
|
|
0.50% 3 |
Short Sale Dividend Expenses |
|
0.02% 7 |
|
|
|
Remainder of Other Expenses |
|
0.25% 7 |
|
|
|
Total of Other Expenses |
|
|
|
|
1.50% 4 |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
Acquired Fund (Indirect Underlying Fund) 8 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total Direct and Acquired Fund Annual Operating Expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
1 If you buy and sell shares through a broker or other financial intermediary, the intermediary may charge a separate transaction fee.
2 The deferred sales charge of 1% is not imposed on certain redemptions including redemptions of shares (i) held by certain contributory 401(k) plans, (ii) maintained through the National Securities Clearing Corporation ("NSCC"), (iii) held in omnibus accounts maintained by No Transaction Fee ("NTF") programs of certain broker-dealers or (iv) clearing though certain financial intermediaries. See How To Redeem Payment of Redemption Amount for more information. For the Foreign Value Small Cap Fund, the deferred sales charge of 1% is not imposed on the reinvestment of dividends.
3 Estimated for the current fiscal year ending March 31, 2009.
4 Quantitative Investment Advisors, Inc., the Fund's Manager, has contractually agreed to maintain the Fund's total annual operating expenses at 2.00% and 2.25% of average daily net assets for the Institutional Shares and the Ordinary Shares, respectively, until July 31, 2009.
5 Effective February 1, 2008, U.S. Boston Capital Corporation (the "Distributor") has contractually agreed to reduce distribution (Rule 12b-1) fees payable to the Distributor by the Fund from 0.50% to 0.25%.
6 The Funds have an expense offset arrangement that reduces their custodian fee based upon the amount of cash maintained by the Funds with the custodian. "Other expenses" in the table do not take into account these expense reductions, and are therefore higher than the actual expenses of the Funds. Quantitative Investment Advisors, Inc. doing business as ("d/b/a") Quantitative Advisors, the Funds' manager (the "Manager"), has contractually agreed to limit the total operating expenses of the Small Cap Fund to 2% of their average net assets, without giving effect to custody credits, if applicable. This agreement limits expenses at the Fund level and not at the individual share class level. Accordingly, the fees of any individual class may be higher than the expense limitation because the expense limit calculation adds the expenses of the different classes together and then divides that number by the total average net assets of the Fund. Expenses eligible for reimbursement under all applicable expense limitations do not include interest, taxes, brokerage commissions or extraordinary expenses. As a result, and as indicated above, total expenses may be higher than the expense limitation applicable for the Fund. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2008, it was not necessary to limit expenses or waive fees for the Fund.
7 The Fund's principal investment strategies include selling securities short. When a cash dividend is declared on a security for which the Fund has a short position, the Fund incurs the obligation to pay an amount equal to that dividend to the lender of the shorted security ("short-sale dividend expense"), and this obligation must be disclosed as a Fund expense under "Total of Other Expenses" and "Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses." However, any
such dividend on a security sold short generally reduces the market value of the shorted security, thus increasing the Fund's unrealized gain or reducing the Fund's unrealized loss on its short-sale transaction.
8 Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses are not fees or expenses incurred by a Fund directly but are expenses of underlying funds in which a the Fund invests. You incur these fees and expenses indirectly through the Fund's investment in those underlying funds. The fees presented above represent those incurred during the prior fiscal year. Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses may be higher or lower than the amount shown above based on expenses of the underlying funds as well as the degree to which a Fund invests in underlying funds. The "Total Direct and Acquired Fund Annual Fund Operating Expenses" will not correlate to the Fund's ratio of expenses to average net assets in the Fund's Financial Highlights, which reflects the operating expenses of the Fund and does not include "Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses."
Example
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in a Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in a Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund's operating expenses remain the same as set forth in the table above. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
|
|
Ordinary Shares |
|
Institutional Shares |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
1 year |
|
3 years |
|
5 years |
|
10 years |
|
1 year |
|
3 years |
|
5 years |
|
10 years |
|
||||||||||||||||
Small Cap Fund |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
Long/Short Fund |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
Emerging Markets Fund |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
Foreign Value Fund |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
Foreign Value Small Cap Fund |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This Example assumes that you do not redeem your shares at the end of the period:
|
|
Ordinary Shares |
|
Institutional Shares |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
1 year |
|
3 years |
|
5 years |
|
10 years |
|
1 year |
|
3 years |
|
5 years |
|
10 years |
|
||||||||||||||||
Small Cap Fund |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
Long/Short Fund |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
Emerging Markets Fund |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
Foreign Value Fund |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
Foreign Value Small Cap |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Example does not reflect deferred sales charges on reinvested dividends and other distributions. If the deferred sales charges were included, your costs would be higher.
NON-PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT POLICIES AND RELATED RISKS
The section Basic Information about the Funds describes each Fund's investment objective and principal investment strategies and risks. This section describes additional investments that a Fund may make or strategies it may pursue to a lesser degree to achieve a Fund's goal. Some of a Fund's secondary investment policies also entail risks. To learn more about these risks you should obtain and read the Funds' statement of additional information ("SAI"). You may request a free copy of the SAI by mail, phone or by accessing the internet. See the last page of this prospectus.
All Funds
Investments other than Common Stocks. A Fund may invest up to 20% of its assets in investments such as preferred stocks, convertible securities, fixed income securities, real estate investment trusts, or repurchase agreements.
A Fund will invest in convertible securities primarily for their equity characteristics.
A Fund may invest in fixed income securities of any maturity. A Fund may not invest more than 10% of its net assets in fixed income securities, including convertible debt securities, rated below investment grade or in unrated securities of comparable quality.
Fixed income securities are subject to the risk of an issuer's inability to meet principal or interest payments on its obligations. Factors which could contribute to a decline in the market value of debt securities in a Fund's portfolio include rising interest rates or a reduction in the perceived creditworthiness of the issuer of the securities. A fixed income security is considered investment grade if it is rated in one of the top four categories by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization or determined to be of equivalent quality by an Advisor. Fixed income securities rated below investment grade are commonly referred to as "junk bonds" and are considered speculative. Below investment grade fixed income securities involve greater risk of loss, are subject to greater price volatility and are less liquid, especially during periods of economic uncertainty or change, than higher grade fixed income securities.
Real estate investment trusts ("REITs") are companies that invest primarily in real estate or real estate related loans. Investing in REITs involves unique risks. They are significantly affected by the market for real estate and are dependent upon management skills and cash flow. In addition to its own expenses, a Fund will, in some cases, indirectly bear its proportionate share of any management and other expenses paid by REITs in which it invests.
Derivatives. A Fund may use futures and options on securities, indices and currencies and other derivatives.
A derivative is a security or instrument whose value is determined by reference to the value or the change in value of one or more securities, currencies, indices or other financial instruments. Even a small investment in derivatives could have a significant impact on a Fund's risk exposure to stock market
values, interest rates or currency exchange rates. Certain derivatives may be less liquid and more difficult to value than other types of securities.
Derivatives may be used for both hedging and non-hedging purposes. Derivatives will not be used as a primary investment technique. Non-principal uses could include hedging against adverse changes in stock market prices, interest rates or currency exchange rates; using derivatives as a substitute for buying or selling securities or to increase a Fund's return as a non-hedging strategy that may be considered speculative.
Exchange Traded Funds. A Fund may invest up to 10% of its total net assets in other investment companies including exchange traded funds ("ETFs") to the extent that such investments are consistent with the Fund's investment objective and policies and permissible under the 1940 Act. A Fund will indirectly bear its proportionate share of any management fees paid by such other investment companies in which it invests in addition to the investment advisory fee paid by the Fund. Shareholders of the Fund would therefore be subject to duplicative expenses to the extent the Fund invests in other investment companies.
Short Term Trading. Normally, a Fund's Advisor does not trade for short-term profits. A Fund will sell an investment, however, even if it has only been held for a short time, if it no longer meets a Fund's investment criteria.
Portfolio Turnover. A Fund's annual portfolio turnover ratio will vary. If a Fund's Advisor does a lot of trading, the Fund will experience increased operating expenses, which could reduce performance and may cause shareholders to incur an increased level of taxable income or capital gains. See Financial Highlights for actual turnover rates.
Cash Management and Temporary Defensive Strategies. Normally, each Fund's Advisor invests substantially all of a Fund's assets to meet the Fund's investment objective. A Fund's Advisor may invest the remainder of a Fund's assets in short term debt obligations with remaining maturities of less than one year, cash equivalents or may hold cash. For temporary defensive purposes, a Fund's Advisor may judge that market conditions make pursuing the Fund's investment strategies inconsistent with the best interests of its shareholders. A Fund's Advisor may then temporarily use alternative strategies that are mainly designed to limit the Fund's losses. Although a Fund's Advisor has the flexibility to use these strategies, it may choose not to for a variety of reasons, even in very volatile market conditions. These strategies may cause a Fund to miss out on investment opportunities, and may prevent a Fund from achieving its objective.
Changes in Policies. The Trustees may change each Fund's objective, investment strategies and other policies without shareholder approval, except as otherwise indicated. However, each Fund's policy of investing at least 80% of its assets in a particular type of investment may not be materially revised unless shareholders are notified at least 60 days in advance of the proposed change.
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUNDS
Under Massachusetts' law, the management of the Funds' business and affairs is the ultimate responsibility of the Board of Trustees of the Funds.
The Manager
The Funds are managed by Quantitative Investment Advisors, Inc. d/b/a Quantitative Advisors, 55 Old Bedford Road, Lincoln, MA 01773 (the "Manager"), which handles the Funds' business affairs. Quantitative Advisors is a privately held financial services firm providing administrative services and facilities to the Quant Funds. As of March 31, 2008, the firm had approximately [$1.4 billion] in assets under management for mutual funds, institutional and other clients.
The Manager may, subject to the approval of the Trustees, choose the investments of the Funds itself or, subject to the approval by the Trustees, select sub-advisors (the "Advisors") to execute the day-to-day investment strategies of the Funds. The Manager currently employs Advisors to make the investment decisions and portfolio transactions for each of the Funds and supervises the Advisors' investment programs.
Day-to-day responsibility for investing the Funds' assets currently is provided by the Advisors described below. The Funds have received an exemptive order from the Securities and Exchange Commission that permits the Manager, subject to certain conditions, to enter into or amend an advisory contract with Advisors without obtaining shareholder approval. With Trustee approval, the Manager may employ a new Advisor for a Fund, change the terms of the advisory contracts, or enter into new advisory contracts with the Advisors. The Manager retains ultimate responsibility to oversee the Advisors and to recommend their hiring, termination, and replacement. Shareholders of a Fund continue to have the right to terminate the advisory contract applicable to that Fund at any time by a vote of the majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund. Shareholders will be notified of any Advisor changes or other material amendments to an advisory contract that occur under these arrangements.
The Advisors and Portfolio Management
The Advisors provide portfolio management and related services to each Fund, including trade execution.
The Statement of Additional Information provides additional information about each portfolio manager's compensation, other accounts managed by each portfolio manager and each portfolio manager's ownership of shares of his or her Fund.
Quant Small Cap Fund
Advisor. Columbia Partners, L.L.C., Investment Management ("Columbia"), 5425 Wisconsin Avenue, Suite 700, Chevy Chase, MD 20815 serves as the investment subadviser to the Small Cap Fund. As of March 31, 2008, Columbia had approximately [$2.6 billion] in assets under management for individual, pension plan and endowment accounts.
Portfolio Management. The Small Cap Fund is co-managed by Rhys Williams and Robert von Pentz who are supported by a team consisting of the following members: Gráinne Coen, Matt Williams, Dan Goldstein, and Mark Tindall. Mr. Williams leads the team and is primarily responsible for day-to-day recommendations with respect to the Fund's portfolio.
Portfolio manager |
Portfolio manager experience in this Fund |
Primary title(s) with Advisor,
|
Robert A. von Pentz, CFA |
Since 1996 |
Chief Investment Officer and head of Equity Investments since 1996
|
Rhys Williams, CFA |
Since 1997 |
Senior Equity Portfolio Manager since 1997
|
Gráinne Coen |
Since 2001 |
Equity Team Portfolio Manager & Research Analyst since 2001
|
Matt Williams |
Since 2006 |
Equity Team Portfolio Manager since 2006
|
Dan Goldstein, CFA |
Since 1996 |
Equity Team Portfolio Manager & Research Analyst since 1996
|
Mark Tindall, CFA |
Since 2003 |
Equity Team Portfolio Manager & Research Analyst since 2003
|
|
Quant Long/Short Fund
Advisor. Analytic Investors, LLC ("Analytic"), 555 West Fifth Street, 50 th Floor, Los Angeles, CA 90013, serves as the investment subadviser to the Long/Short Fund. Analytic is a subsidiary of Old Mutual plc. Analytic had approximately [$11.7 billion] of assets under management as of March 31, 2008. Prior to January 2, 2008, the Fund's investment subadviser was SSgA Funds Management, Inc.
Portfolio Management. The Long/Short Fund is managed by the US Equity Team at Analytic. The portfolio managers identified below are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Long/Short Fund.
Quant Emerging Markets Fund
Advisor. PanAgora Asset Management, Inc. ("PanAgora"), 260 Franklin Street, Boston, MA 02110, serves as the investment subadviser to the Emerging Markets Fund. As of March 31, 2008, PanAgora had over [$22 billion] in assets under management in portfolios of institutional pension and endowment funds, among others. Putnam Investments LLC is a control person of PanAgora. Prior to November 3, 2003, the Advisor to the Emerging Markets Fund was Independence Investments LLC ("Independence").
Portfolio Management. The Emerging Markets Fund is managed by a team lead by ? and ?.
Portfolio manager |
Portfolio manager experience in this Fund |
Primary title(s) with Advisor,
|
David P. Nolan, CFA |
Since 2003 |
Portfolio Manager, Equity Investments
|
Samantha R. Louis Stevens |
Since 2003 |
Portfolio Manager, Equity Investment
|
Scott Baum |
Since 2008 |
Mr. Baum is the Director of Equity Trading at PanAgora. As such, he is focused on developing coordinated trading strategies and systems that minimize total implementation cost. Mr. Baum has over twenty years of experience in the Investment industry including positions in trading, research, portfolio management, and sales. His employment experience on the buy side includes Harvard Management Company, the I.B.M. Retirement Fund, and TQA Investors. On the sell side he has held positions at Dillon Read, ITG, and Nomura.
Education:
|
Ronald Hua, CFA |
Since 2008 |
Mr. Hua is Chief Investment Officer, Equity Investments. He is responsible for all equity strategies at PanAgora. He is also a member of the firm's Management and Investment Committees. Before joining PanAgora, Mr. Hua worked on Putnam's Structured Equity team as a lead manager responsible for Small Cap Structured Equity portfolios. He also contributed to quantitative research and analysis that support all Structured Equity portfolios, including U.S. large cap and International strategies, and worked closely with the teams that manage Putnam's more traditional small- and mid-cap strategies. Before joining Putnam in 1999, Mr. Hua was a Quantitative Analyst at Fidelity Investments. Mr. Hua is a CFA charterholder. Investment industry experience: 10 years Education New York University, M.B.A. New York University, M.S. National Chiao-Tung University, B.S. in Computer Engineering
|
Sanjoy Ghosh, Ph.D.
|
Since 2008 |
Dr. Ghosh is a Director responsible for managing the firm's dynamic equity investments. Prior to joining PanAgora, he worked at Putnam Investments as a Portfolio Manager on the Structured Equity team. He was a lead manager responsible for U.S. Large Cap Growth Structured Equity portfolios, and also contributed to quantitative research and analysis supporting all Structured Equity portfolios, including international and global strategies. Investment industry experience: 6 years Education:
The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Ph.D.
|
Quant Foreign Value Fund and Quant Foreign Value Small Cap Fund
Advisor. Polaris Capital Management, LLC ("Polaris"), 125 Summer Street, Boston, MA 02110, serves as the investment subadviser to the Foreign Value Fund. As of March 31, 2008, Polaris had over [$3 billion in assets] under management for institutional clients and affluent individuals.
Foreign Value Fund - Portfolio Management. Bernard R. Horn, Jr. is the lead portfolio manager of the Foreign Value Fund. Sumanta Biswas generally contributes to the day-to-day management of the Fund's portfolio through such means as performing research and management of Polaris' proprietary quantitative model. Mr. Biswas may also provide advice on investment decisions during periods when Mr. Horn is unavailable, but does not generally make the final decision as to which securities to purchase or sell for the Fund. The extent to which Mr. Biswas may perform these functions, and the nature of the functions, may change from time to time.
Portfolio manager |
Portfolio manager experience in this Fund |
Primary title(s) with Advisor,
|
Foreign Value Small Cap Fund - Portfolio Management. Bernard R. Horn, Jr. is the lead portfolio manager of the Fund. Sumanta Biswas, Bin Xiao, Andry Sutanto and Rich Howe (the "Investment Team") generally contribute to the day-to-day management of the Fund's portfolio through such means as performing research and management of Polaris' proprietary quantitative model. The Investment Team may also provide advice on investment decisions during periods when Mr. Horn is unavailable, but does not generally make the final decision as to which securities to purchase or sell for the Fund. The extent to which The Investment Team may perform these functions, and the nature of the functions, may change from time to time.
Portfolio manager |
Portfolio manager experience in this Fund |
Primary title(s) with Advisor,
|
Bernard R. Horn, Jr. |
Lead Portfolio Manager since 2008 (Fund inception) |
Founder and Portfolio Manager since 1995. Investment professional since 1980. B.S. in business administration Northeastern University 1978. M.S. degree in management from the Alfred P. Sloan School of Management at M.I.T 1980.
|
Sumanta Biswas |
Since 2008 (Fund inception) assistant portfolio manager |
Assistant Portfolio Manager since 2004.
M.S. degree Boston College 2001, MBA Calcutta University in India 1996; undergraduate degree in engineering North Bengal University 1993, and a diploma in business finance from the Institute of Chartered Financial Analysts of India.
|
Bin Xiao |
Analyst since 2008 (Fund inception) |
Analyst with Polaris since 2006. Internship at HSBC Global Investment Banking in 2005, internship at Polaris in 2004/2005. 2002 to 2004 as a software architect and project manager at PNC Financial Service Group (PFPC), following positions as an information systems engineer and software engineer at Vanguard Group and RIT Research Corporation respectively. MBA MIT's Sloan School of Management 2006; M.S. degree computer science Rochester Institute of Technology 2000; undergraduate degree Beijing Institute of Technology in China in 1998. Completed CFA Level III.
|
Andry Sutanto |
Analyst since 2008 (Fund inception) |
Analyst with Polaris since 2005. Research and teaching assistant Northeastern University 2004; Computer engineer with the Cambridge Research Group 2001-2003. Dual Master's degrees in finance and business administration January 2006 Northeastern University. Undergraduate degree from Boston University. CFA Level II candidate.
|
Richard V. Howe, CFA
|
Analyst since 2008 (Fund inception) |
Analyst with Polaris since 2005. Investment Professional since 1973. In 1986 became the CIO at Tucker Anthony Management (TAMCO), TAMCO was renamed Freedom Capital Management, Mr. Howe became the principal portfolio manager in charge of value equity fund management at Freedom. MBA Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania, undergraduate degree economics the University of Virginia. |
Management and Advisory Fees
As compensation for services rendered for fiscal year ended March 31, 2008, each Fund paid the Manager a monthly fee at the annual rate of: 1% of the average daily net assets. From the management fee, the Manager pays the expenses of providing investment advisory services to the Funds, including the fees of the Advisors of each individual Fund, if applicable.
The subadvisory agreement for the Long/Short Fund was approved during the fiscal period from October 1, 2007 to March 31, 2008, and the Funds' annual report to shareholders dated March 31, 2008 contains a detailed discussion of the Board of Trustees' consideration of that agreement's approval. The Funds' semi-annual report to be dated September 30, 2008 will contain a detailed discussion of the Board of Trustees' consideration of the advisory and/or subadvisory agreements approved during the fiscal period from April 1, 2007 to September 30, 2007, including the agreements with the Manager, the Small Cap Fund, the Emerging Markets Fund, the Foreign Value Fund and the Foreign Value Small Cap Fund.
Fee Waivers/Expense Limitations. The Manager is contractually obligated to reduce its compensation with respect to the Small Cap Fund to the extent that Small Cap Fund's total expenses exceed 2.00% of average daily net assets for any fiscal year. The Manager has also agreed to assume expenses of Small Cap Fund, if necessary, in order to reduce its total expenses to no more than 2.00% of average daily net assets for any fiscal year. No such reductions in compensation were necessary for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2008.
The Manager, has contractually agreed to maintain the Foreign Value Small Cap Fund's total annual operating expenses at 2.00% and 2.25% of average daily net assets for the Institutional Shares and the Ordinary Shares, respectively, from May 1, 2008 (commencement of operations) until July 31, 2009.
The Manager may voluntarily or contractually agree to limit the total operating expenses of a Fund for a period of time by waiving fees or reimbursing a Fund for an expense that it would otherwise incur. In such cases, the Manager may seek reimbursement from the Fund if the Fund's total operating expenses fall below that limit prior to the end of the Funds' fiscal year. Expenses eligible for reimbursement do not include interest, taxes, brokerage commissions, or extraordinary expenses, and expenses are calculated gross of custody credits, if applicable. Extraordinary expenses include, but are not limited to, the higher incremental costs of custody associated with foreign securities, litigation and indemnification expenses. The agreement is subject to periodic review and there is no guarantee that the Manager will continue to limit these expenses in the future.
Additional Payments. The Manager or its affiliates may make payments, out of their own assets to certain intermediaries or their affiliates (including the Distributor, U.S. Boston Capital Corporation) based on sales or assets attributable to the intermediary, or such other criteria agreed to by the Manager. The intermediaries to which payments may be made are determined by the Manager. These payments may be in addition to other payments such as Rule 12b-1 fees or deferred sales charges and may provide an incentive, in addition to any sales charge, to these firms to actively promote the Quant Funds or to provide marketing or service support to the Quant Funds. See the SAI for more information.
HOW TO INVEST
The Funds offer two classes of shares through this prospectus: Ordinary Shares and Institutional Shares.
Ordinary Shares are available to all purchasers and are subject to a fee charged pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act ("12b-1 fee") and in some cases a deferred sales charge as set forth below:
Fund |
|
Deferred Sales Charge (on redemption proceeds) |
|
12b-1 (Distribution) Fee |
|
||||
Small Cap |
|
|
1.00 |
% |
|
|
0.25 |
% |
|
Long/Short |
|
|
1.00 |
% |
|
|
0.50 |
% |
|
Emerging Markets |
|
|
1.00 |
% |
|
|
0.25 |
% |
|
Foreign Value |
|
|
1.00 |
% |
|
|
0.25 |
% |
|
Foreign Value Small Cap 1 |
|
|
1.00 |
% |
|
|
0.25 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 The redemption amount subject to the 1% deferred sales charge is the total market value of shares redeemed, including reinvestment of dividends, for each Fund, with the exception of the Foreign Value Small Cap Fund. For the Foreign Value Small Cap Fund the deferred sales charge does not apply to its shares purchased through the reinvestment of dividends.
Institutional Shares are available to limited classes of purchasers on a "no-load" basis, that is, they are not subject to a sales charge or 12b-1 fee. See How to RedeemPayment of Redemption Amount . Both classes of shares represent interests in the same portfolio of securities and each has the same rights, except that Ordinary Shares have exclusive voting rights with respect to the Funds' 12b-1 Plan, which is described below.
Classes of Shares
Ordinary Shares
The minimum initial investment is generally $2,500. However, you may make a minimum investment of $1,000 if you:
participate in the Funds' Automatic Investment Plan;
open a Uniform Gifts/Transfers to Minors account; or
open an Individual Retirement Account ("IRA") or an account under a similar plan established under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, or for any pension, profit sharing or other employee benefit plan or participant therein, whether or not the plan is qualified under Section 401 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, including any plan established under the Self-Employed Individuals Tax Retirement Act of 1962 (HR-10).
The Funds or the Distributor, at their discretion, may waive these minimums.
You may make subsequent purchases in any amount, although the Funds or the Distributor, at their discretion, reserve the right to impose a minimum at any time.
Institutional Shares
Institutional Shares are offered to clients who meet eligibility and minimum investment amount requirements. The minimum initial investment amount may be invested in one or more of the Quant Funds that currently offer Institutional Shares. There is no minimum additional investment amount.
Institutional Shares are not subject to any sales charges or fees pursuant to the Funds' 12b-1 Plan.
Minimum Initial
|
Eligible Classes of Institutional Share Investors |
$1 million or more |
(i) benefit plans with at least $10,000,000 in plan assets and 200 participants, that either have a separate trustee vested with investment discretion and certain limitations on the ability of plan beneficiaries to access their plan investments without incurring adverse tax consequences or which allow their participants to select among one or more investment options, including the Fund;
|
None |
(i) any state, county, city, or any instrumentality, department, authority, or agency of these entities or any trust, pension, profit-sharing or other benefit plan for the benefit of the employees of these entities which is prohibited by applicable investment laws from paying a sales charge or commission when it purchases shares of any registered investment management company; or
|
The Manager, at its sole discretion, may accept investments of $1 million or more in the aggregate from other classes of investors substantially similar to those listed above. In addition, the Manager may waive or lower initial investment amounts in other circumstances. Please call 1-800-326-2151 for more information.
Distributor and Distribution Plan
U.S. Boston Capital Corporation is the distributor of the Funds' shares.
The Funds have adopted a distribution plan under Rule 12b-1 to pay for the marketing and distribution of Fund shares and for services provided to shareholders of the Funds' Ordinary Shares as described above. Rule 12b-1 fees are paid out of the Fund's assets on an on-going basis, which will increase the cost of your investment and cost more than other types of sales charges. The distribution fee is not directly tied to the Distributor's expenses. If the Distributor's expenses exceed the Distributor's fee, the Funds are not required to reimburse the Distributor for the excess expenses; if the Distributor's fee exceeds the Distributor's expenses, the Distributor may realize a profit.
Additional dealer compensation. The Distributor or its affiliates may pay additional compensation, out of their own assets, to certain brokerage firms and other intermediaries or their affiliates, based on sales or assets attributable to the broker or intermediary, or such other criteria agreed to by the Distributor. The brokers or intermediaries to which payments may be made are determined by the Distributor. These payments may provide an incentive, in addition to any deferred sales charge, to these firms to actively promote the Quant Funds or cooperate with the Distributor's promotional efforts or to provide marketing or service support to the Quant Funds. See the SAI for more information.
Making an Initial Investment
You may purchase shares of each class of a Fund at the per share net asset value of shares of such class next determined after your purchase order is received in good order by the Fund. Orders received prior to the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") (ordinarily 4:00 p.m., Eastern time), will receive that day's closing price, unless such trade is placed as a result of an online purchase through the Quant Funds' web site in which case the trade will receive the price next determined after the money requested from your bank via the Automated Clearing House ("ACH") system are received by the Funds' transfer agent. The Funds will accept orders for purchases of shares on any day on which the NYSE is open. See Calculation of Net Asset Value . The offering of shares of the Funds, or of any particular Fund, may be suspended from time to time, and the Funds reserve the right to reject any specific order.
You must provide the Fund with a completed Account Application for all initial investments, a copy of which may be obtained by calling 1-800-326-2151 , or online at www.quantfunds.com .
Transaction Privileges. If you wish to have telephone exchange or telephone redemption privileges for your account, you must elect these options on the Account Application. You should carefully review the Application and particularly consider the discussion in this Prospectus regarding the Funds' policies on exchanges of Fund shares and processing of redemption requests. Some accounts, including IRA accounts, require a special Account Application. See Investment Through Tax Deferred Retirement Plans .
For further information, including assistance in completing an Account Application, call the Funds' toll-free number 1-800-326-2151. Generally, shares may not be purchased by facsimile request or by electronic mail .
Patriot Act Identity Verification. To help the government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, federal law requires all financial institutions to obtain, verify and record information that identifies each person who opens an account. When you open an account, you will need to supply your name, address, date of birth, and other information that will allow the Fund to identify you. The Fund may close your account if it cannot adequately verify your identity. If your account must be closed, your redemption price will be the net asset value (less applicable sales charges) on the date of redemption.
Investments by Check. You may purchase shares of the Funds by sending a check payable in U.S. dollars to Quant Funds specifying the name(s) of the Fund(s) and amount(s) of investment(s), together with the appropriate Account Application (in the case of an initial investment) to:
Quant Funds
Attention: Transfer Agent
55 Old Bedford Road
Lincoln, Massachusetts 01773
If you buy shares with a check that does not clear, your account may be subject to extra charges to cover collection costs. Third party checks, cashiers checks and money orders will not be accepted. Purchases made by check must wait 15 days prior to being liquidated.
Internet Transactions. Investors may make subsequent investments in their accounts through the Quant Funds' web site.
Quant Funds will accept Internet purchase instructions only if the purchase price is paid to Quant Funds through debiting your bank account. Quant Funds imposes a limit of $10,000 on Internet purchase transactions and shareholders may only redeem shares purchased via the Quant Funds web site in writing or by calling the Quant Funds shareholder service line at 1-800-326-2151 . Regardless of the method of redemption, for the first 90 days after the Internet purchase of shares is made, proceeds from the redemption of such shares will be paid only via ACH to the same bank account from which the purchase payment to Quant Funds originated.
If the bank account number changes during such 90 days, the shareholder must provide the Quant Funds with a signature guaranteed letter of instruction from a bank or a qualified broker/dealer changing the bank account number prior to such redemption. If during such 90-day period you are unable to open a replacement bank account, you must provide a signature guaranteed letter of redemption as described in Written Request for Redemption (regardless of the amount redeemed, the person to whom the redemption proceeds are to be paid or the address to which the redemption proceeds are to be sent).
Quant Funds employs reasonable procedures to confirm that transactions entered into over the Internet are genuine. These procedures include the use of alphanumeric passwords, secure socket layering, encryption and other precautions reasonably designed to protect the integrity, confidentiality and security of shareholder information. In order to enter into a transaction on the Quant Funds' web site, you will need your Social Security Number and an alphanumeric password. If Quant Funds follows these procedures, neither Quant Funds, its affiliates, nor any Fund will be liable for any loss, liability, cost or expense for following instructions communicated via the Internet that are reasonably believed to be genuine or that follow Quant Funds' security procedures. By entering into the user's agreement with Quant Funds
through our web site, you lose certain rights if someone gives fraudulent or unauthorized instructions to Quant Funds that result in a loss to you.
Automatic Investment Plan
You may participate in the Automatic Investment Plan for the Funds by completing the appropriate section of the Account Application and enclosing a minimum investment of $1,000 per Fund. You must also authorize an automatic withdrawal of at least $100 per account from your checking or similar account each month to purchase shares of a Fund. You may cancel the Plan at any time, but your request must be received five business days before the next automatic withdrawal (generally the 20th of each month) to become effective for that withdrawal. Requests received fewer than five business days before a scheduled withdrawal will take effect with the next scheduled withdrawal. The Funds or the Transfer Agent may terminate the Automatic Investment Plan at any time.
Investments by Wire
If you wish to buy shares by wire, please contact the Transfer Agent at 1-800-326-2151 or your dealer or broker for wire instructions. For new accounts, you must provide a completed Account Application before, or at the time of, payment. To ensure that a wire is credited to the proper account, please specify your name, the name(s) of the Fund(s) and class of shares in which you are investing, and your account number. A bank may charge a fee for wiring funds.
Investments through Brokers and other Financial Intermediaries
Shares may be purchased through any securities dealer with whom the Distributor has a sales agreement. Shares also may be made available through financial service firms which are also securities dealers and which have a service agreement with the Distributor. The Funds have approved the acceptance of purchase request orders effective as of the time of their receipt by certain authorized financial intermediaries or their designees as long as these orders are received by these entities prior to the close of regular trading on the NYSE (ordinarily 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time). Securities dealers and financial service firms are responsible for transmitting your order to the Funds in a timely manner. The Quant Funds reserve the right to adjust the closing time to coincide with an earlier closing of the NYSE or due to other unusual circumstances.
If you invest in a Fund through investment professionals or other financial intermediaries, including wrap programs and fund supermarkets, other conditions may apply to your investment in the Fund, and the investment professional or intermediary may charge you a transaction-based or other fee for its services. These conditions and fees are in addition to those imposed by the Quant Funds and its affiliates. You should ask your investment professional or financial intermediary about its services and any applicable fees.
If your shares are held in your investment firm's name, the options and services available to you may be different from those discussed in this prospectus. Ask your investment professional for more information.
Exchange of Securities for Shares of the Fund
At the discretion of the Manager and relevant Advisors, you may purchase shares of a Fund in exchange for securities of certain companies, consistent with the Fund's investment objectives. Additional information regarding this option is contained in the Statement of Additional Information .
Subsequent Investments
If you are buying additional shares in an existing account, you should identify the Fund and your account number. If you do not specify the Fund and you have investments in more than one Fund, we may have to return your check to you. If you wish to make additional investments in more than one Fund, you should provide your account numbers and identify the amount to be invested in each Fund. You may pay for all purchases with a single check. Additional shares may be purchased online via ACH payment as well.
Investments through Tax-Deferred Retirement Plans
Retirement plans offer you a number of benefits, including the chance to defer investment income and capital gains. Contributions to a retirement plan also may be tax deductible. Custodial retirement accounts, including IRAs, Rollover IRAs, Roth IRAs, Simplified Employee Pension Plans (SEP-IRAs), and 403(b) Accounts for employees of tax-exempt institutions (including schools, hospitals and charitable organizations) require a special Account Application. Please call 1-800-326-2151 for assistance. State Street Bank and Trust Company acts as custodian for the Funds' tax-deferred accounts. Custodial accounts are subject to specific fees. You may open other types of tax-deferred accounts, including accounts established by a Plan Sponsor under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code for employee benefit plans, using the attached Account Application.
HOW TO EXCHANGE
You can exchange all or a portion of your shares between Funds within the same class, subject to the applicable minimum. You may not exchange from one class of shares to another class of shares of the same or a different Fund. There is no fee for exchanges. The exchange privilege is available only in states where shares of the Fund being acquired may legally be sold. Individual Funds may not be registered in each state. You should be aware that exchanges might produce a gain or loss, as the case may be, for tax purposes.
You can make exchanges in writing or by telephone, if applicable. Exchanges must be made between accounts that have the same name, address and tax identification number. Exchanges will be made at the per share net asset value of shares of such class next determined after the exchange request is received in good order by the Fund. If exchanging by telephone, you must call prior to the close of regular trading on the NYSE (ordinarily 4:00 p.m., Eastern time). The Transfer Agent will only honor a telephone exchange if you have elected the telephone exchange option on your Account Application.
Generally, shares may not be exchanged by facsimile request or by electronic mail.
HOW TO REDEEM
You can directly redeem shares of a Fund by written request, by telephone and by automatic withdrawal. Redemptions will be made at the per share net asset value of such shares next determined after the redemption request is received in good order by the Fund.
Good order means that:
You have provided adequate instructions
There are no outstanding claims against your account
There are no transaction limitations on your account
Your request includes a signature guarantee (see Shareholder Account Policies ) if you:
Are selling over $10,000 worth of shares
Changed your account registration or address within the last 30 days
Instruct the transfer agent to mail the check to an address different from the one on your account
Want the check paid to someone other than the account owner(s)
Are transferring the sale proceeds to a Quant mutual fund account with a different registration
Are selling shares purchased over the Internet within 90 days and your bank account number has changed
The Transfer Agent will accept redemption requests only on days the NYSE is open. The Transfer Agent will not accept requests for redemptions that are subject to any special conditions or which specify a future or past effective date, except for certain notices of redemptions exceeding $250,000 (see Payment of Redemption Amount ).
Regardless of the method of redemption, for the first 90 days after the purchase of shares is made over the Internet, such shares will be paid only via ACH to the same bank account from which the payment to Quant Funds originated. If the bank account number changes during such 90 days, the shareholder must provide the Quant Funds with a signature guaranteed letter of instruction from a bank or a qualified broker/dealer changing the bank account number prior to such redemption.
Written Request for Redemption
You can redeem all or any portion of your shares by submitting a written request for redemption signed by each registered owner of the shares exactly as the shares are registered. The request must clearly identify the account number and the number of shares or the dollar amount to be redeemed.
If you redeem more than $10,000, or request that the redemption proceeds be paid to someone other than the shareholder of record, or sent to an address other than the address of record, your signature must be guaranteed . The use of signature guarantees is designed to protect both you and the Funds from the possibility of fraudulent requests for redemption. See Shareholder Account PoliciesSignature Guarantees and Other Requirements .
Generally, shares may not be redeemed by facsimile request or by electronic mail.
Requests should be sent to:
Quant Funds
Attention: Transfer Agent
55 Old Bedford Road
Lincoln, Massachusetts 01773
Telephone Redemption
If you have elected the telephone redemption option on your Account Application, you can redeem your shares by calling the Transfer Agent at 1-800-326-2151 provided that you have not changed your address of record within the last thirty days. You must make your redemption request prior to the close of regular trading on the NYSE (ordinarily 4:00 p.m., Eastern time). Once you make a telephone redemption request, you may not cancel it. The Funds, the Manager, the Distributor, and the Transfer Agent will not be liable for any loss or damage for acting in good faith on exchange or redemption instructions received by telephone reasonably believed to be genuine. The Funds employ reasonable procedures to confirm that instructions communicated by telephone are genuine. It is the Funds' policy to require some form of personal identification prior to acting upon instructions received by telephone, to provide written confirmation of all transactions effected by telephone, and to mail the proceeds of telephone redemptions only to the redeeming shareholder's address of record.
Automatic Withdrawal Plan
If you have a minimum of $10,000 in your account, you may request withdrawal of a specified dollar amount (a minimum of $100) on either a monthly, quarterly or annual basis. You may establish an Automatic Withdrawal Plan by completing the Automatic Withdrawal Form, which is available by calling 1-800-326-2151 . You may stop your Automatic Withdrawal Plan at any time. Additionally, the Funds or the Transfer Agent may choose to stop offering the Automatic Withdrawal Plan.
Redemption through Broker/Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries
You may sell shares back to the Funds through any securities dealer with whom the Distributor has a sales agreement. You should contact your securities dealer for appropriate instructions and for information concerning any transaction or service fee that may be imposed by the securities dealer.
Shares also may be redeemed through financial service firms which are also securities dealers and which have a service agreement with the Distributor. The Funds have approved the acceptance of redemption requests effective as of the time of their receipt by certain authorized financial intermediaries or their designees as long as these orders are received by these entities prior to the close of regular trading on the NYSE (ordinarily 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time). Securities dealers and financial service firms are responsible for transmitting your order to the Funds in a timely manner. The Quant Funds reserve the right to adjust the closing time to coincide with an earlier closing of the NYSE or due to other unusual circumstances.
Payment of Redemption Amount
The Funds will generally send redemption proceeds, less a deferred sales charge of 1% for Ordinary Shares within three business days of the execution of a redemption request. However, if the shares to be redeemed represent an investment made by check or through the Automatic Investment Plan, the Funds reserve the right to hold the redemption check until monies have been collected by the Fund from the customers' bank.
The Funds may suspend this right of redemption and may postpone payment for more than seven days only when the NYSE is closed for other than customary weekends and holidays, or if permitted by the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission during periods when trading on the NYSE is restricted or during any emergency which makes it impracticable for the Funds to dispose of their securities or to determine fairly the value of their net assets, or during any other period permitted by order of the Securities and Exchange Commission. As set forth in the Prospectus, the Funds may also delay payment
of redemption proceeds from shares purchased by check until the check clears, which may take seven business days or longer.
Except as noted below, a deferred sales charge amounting to 1% of the value of the shares redeemed will be withheld from the redemption proceeds of Ordinary Shares and paid to the Distributor. The redemption amount subject to the 1% deferred sales charge is the total market value of shares redeemed, including reinvestment of dividends, for each Fund, with the exception of the Foreign Value Small Cap Fund. For the Foreign Value Small Cap Fund the deferred sales charge does not apply to its shares purchased through the reinvestment of dividends. The deferred sales charge is also imposed when you transfer your shares from an account maintained with the Fund that is subject to the deferred sales charge to an account maintained by a broker-dealer that is not subject to the deferred sales charge due to one of the exceptions cited below. Because of this deferred sales charge, prospective investors should purchase Ordinary Shares only as a long-term investment.
Deferred Sales Charge on Ordinary Shares. The deferred sales charge on Ordinary Shares is not imposed in the case of:
Involuntary redemptions imposed by the Fund
Redemptions of shares tendered for exchange
Redemptions of shares held by contributory plans qualified under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code
Redemptions of shares made by employees of the Manager or an affiliate
Redemptions of shares held in omnibus accounts maintained through NSCC pursuant to a written mutual fund program agreement
Redemptions of shares held in omnibus accounts maintained by no transaction fee ("NTF") programs of certain financial intermediaries pursuant to a written agreement between the financial intermediaries and the Fund, the Manager and/or the Distributor
Redemptions of shares through certain clearing arrangements pursuant to a written agreement between the financial intermediary and the Fund, the Manager and/or the Distributor
The deferred sales charge of 1% has been waived on shares of Foreign Value Fund received in exchange for shares of the State Street Research International Equity Fund. The redemption amount subject to the 1% deferred sales charge is the total market value of shares redeemed, including reinvestment of dividends, for each Fund, with the exception of the Foreign Value Small Cap Fund. The Foreign Value Small Cap Fund the deferred sales charge does not apply to its shares purchased through the reinvestment of dividends. Additional information regarding circumstances under which the deferred sales charge is not imposed is available on the Quant Funds website at www.quantfunds.com.
Redemption Fee on Institutional Shares
Prior to July 29, 2007, a 2% redemption fee was imposed on the full amount of any redemption of Institutional Shares redeemed within 60 days of purchase.
Redemptions in Excess of $250,000
The Funds have reserved the right to pay redemption proceeds by a distribution in-kind of portfolio securities (rather than cash). In the event that a Fund makes an in-kind distribution, you could incur brokerage and transaction charges when converting the securities to cash. The Funds do not expect to make in-kind distributions, and if they do, the Funds will pay, during any 90-day period, your redemption proceeds in cash up to either $250,000 or 1% of the Fund's net assets, whichever is less. The Funds will pay all of your redemption proceeds in cash if you provide the Funds with at least 30 days' notice before you plan to redeem. You must specify the dollar amount or number of shares to be redeemed and the date of the transaction, a minimum of 30 days after receipt of the instruction by the Funds. You may make the instruction by telephone if you have telephone redemption privileges; otherwise, your request must be in writing with all signatures guaranteed. If you make a request and subsequently cancel it, subsequent redemption requests may not all be paid in cash unless the subsequent request is at least 90 days after the date of the prior canceled redemption request.
CALCULATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
Net asset value for one Fund share is the value of that share's portion of all of the net assets in the Fund. A Fund calculates its net asset value by adding the value of the Fund's investments, cash, and other assets, subtracting its liabilities, and then dividing the result by the number of shares outstanding.
Net asset value per share of each class of shares of a Fund will be determined as of the close of trading on the NYSE (ordinarily 4:00 p.m., Eastern time) on each day on which the NYSE is open for trading. Currently, the NYSE is closed Saturdays, Sundays, and the following holidays: New Year's Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents' Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, the Fourth of July, Labor Day, Thanksgiving and Christmas. The Emerging Markets, Foreign Value Fund and Foreign Value Small Cap Funds may invest in securities listed on foreign exchanges that trade on days on which those Funds do not compute net asset value (i.e., Saturdays, Sundays and Exchange holidays) and the net asset value of shares of those Funds may be significantly affected on such days.
The Funds' assets are valued primarily on the basis of market quotations, valuations provided by independent pricing services or, if quotations are not readily available, or the market value has been materially affected by events occurring after the closing of an exchange or market and before the calculation of a Fund's net asset value (a significant event), at fair value as determined in good faith in accordance with procedures approved by the Trustees. Other significant events which may materially affect market values may include a halt in trading for an individual security, significant fluctuations in domestic or foreign markets, or the unexpected close of a securities exchange or market as a result of natural disaster, an act of terrorism or significant governmental action. For certain securities, where no sales have been reported, the Fund may value such securities at the last reported bid price. Short-term investments that mature in sixty-days (60) or less are valued at amortized cost.
Generally, Emerging Markets Fund, Foreign Value Fund and Foreign Value Small Cap Fund hold securities that are primarily listed and traded on a foreign exchange. Funds holding foreign securities translate values for any portfolio investments quoted in foreign currencies into U.S. dollars using currency exchange rates. As a result, changes in the value of those currencies in relation to the U.S. dollar may affect a Fund's net asset value. Because foreign markets may be open at different times than the NYSE, the value of a Fund's shares may change on days when shareholders are not able to buy or sell them. Many securities markets and exchanges outside the U.S. close before the close of the NYSE and before the time the net asset value for a Fund is calculated. Occasionally, events affecting the value of foreign securities or currencies may occur between the close of the market on which the security trades and the
close of the NYSE which will not be reflected in the computation of a Fund's net asset value. If events materially affecting the value of a Fund's securities occur during such a period, then such securities may be valued at their fair value as determined in good faith in accordance with procedures approved by the Trustees.
SHAREHOLDER SERVICES
How to Reach Us
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Quantitative Institutional Services
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By Telephone: 800-326-2151
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Quant Funds Website www.quantfunds.com
You can use the website to get:
Your current account information
Returns of all publicly available Quant mutual funds
Prospectuses for the Quant mutual funds
A copy of Quant Funds' privacy notice
Household Delivery of Fund Documents
With your consent, Quant may send a single proxy statement, prospectus and shareholder report to your residence for you and any other member of your household who has an account with the Quant Funds. If you wish to revoke your consent to this practice, you may do so by notifying Quant, by phone or in writing (see "How to contact us"). Quant will begin mailing separate proxy statements, prospectuses and shareholder reports to you within 30 days after receiving your notice.
Confirmation Statements
The transfer agent maintains an account for each investment firm or individual shareholder and records all account transactions. You will be sent confirmation statements showing the details of your transactions as they occur.
Privacy
The Quant Funds have a policy that protects the privacy of your personal information. A copy of Quant Funds' privacy notice was given to you at the time you opened your account. Quant Funds will send you a copy of the privacy notice each year. You may also obtain the privacy notice by calling the transfer agent or through the Quant Funds' website.
Tax information
In January of each year, the Fund will mail you information about the tax status of the dividends and distributions, if any, paid to you by the Fund.
SHAREHOLDER ACCOUNT POLICIES
Exchange limitation
Quant Funds do not currently limit the number of exchange transactions you may make each year; however, the Funds intend to actively discourage short-term trading in Fund shares because frequent trading can increase the expenses incurred by the Fund and make portfolio management less efficient. Short-term trading will be treated as described in Excessive Trading .
Excessive Trading
Frequent trading into and out of a Fund can disrupt portfolio management strategies, harm Fund performance by forcing the Fund to hold excess cash or to liquidate certain portfolio securities prematurely and increase expenses for all investors, including long-term investors who do not generate these costs. An investor may use short-term trading as a strategy, for example, if the investor believes that the valuation of a Fund's portfolio securities for purposes of calculating its net asset value does not fully reflect the then current fair market value of those holdings. Funds investing in securities that may require special valuation processes (such as foreign securities or small cap securities) may have increased exposure to the risks of short term trading.
Each of the Quant Funds discourages, and does not take any intentional action to accommodate, excessive and short-term trading practices, such as market timing. Although there is no generally applied standard in the marketplace as to what level of trading activity is excessive, we may consider trading in a Fund's shares to be excessive for a variety of reasons, such as if:
You sell shares within a short period of time after the shares were purchased;
You make two or more purchases and redemptions within a short period of time;
You enter into a series of transactions that is indicative of a timing pattern or strategy; or
We reasonably believe that you have engaged in such practices in connection with other mutual funds.
The Quant Funds' Board of Trustees has adopted policies and procedures with respect to frequent purchases and redemptions of Quant Fund shares by Fund investors. Pursuant to these policies and procedures, we monitor selected trades periodically in an effort to detect excessive short-term trading. If we determine that an investor or a client of a broker has engaged in excessive short-term trading that we believe may be harmful to a Fund, we will ask the investor or broker to cease such activity and we will refuse to process purchase orders (including purchases by exchange) of such investor, broker or accounts that we believe are under their control. In determining whether to take such actions, we seek to act in a manner that is consistent with the best interests of each Fund's shareholders. While we use our reasonable efforts to detect excessive trading activity, there can be no assurance that our efforts will be successful or that market timers will not employ tactics designed to evade detection. If we are not successful, your return from an investment in a Fund may be adversely affected.
Frequently, Quant Fund shares are held through omnibus accounts maintained by financial intermediaries such as brokers and retirement plan administrators, where the holdings of multiple shareholders, such as all the clients of a particular broker, are aggregated. Our ability to monitor trading practices by investors purchasing shares through omnibus accounts is limited and dependent upon the cooperation of the financial intermediary in observing the Quant Funds' policies.
Each Quant Fund may reject: (i) a purchase or exchange order before its acceptance or (ii) an order prior to issuance of shares. The Fund may also restrict additional purchases or exchanges in an account. Each of these steps may be taken, for any reason, without prior notice, including transactions that a Fund believes are requested on behalf of market timers. Each Quant Fund reserves the right to reject any purchase request by any investor or financial institution if the Fund believes that any combination of trading activity in the account or related accounts is potentially disruptive to the Fund. A prospective investor whose purchase or exchange order is rejected will not achieve the investment results, whether gain or loss, that would have been realized if the order were accepted and an investment made in the Fund. The Fund and its shareholders do not incur any gain or loss as a result of a rejected order.
The Quant Funds and their agents may make exceptions to these policies if, in their judgment, a transaction does not represent excessive trading or interfere with the efficient management of a Fund's portfolio, such as purchases made through systematic purchase plans or payroll contributions.
The Quant Funds may impose further restrictions on trading activities by market timers in the future. The Funds' prospectus will be amended or supplemented to reflect any material additional restrictions on trading activities intended to prevent excessive trading.
Medallion signature guarantees and other requirements
You are required to obtain a medallion signature guarantee when you are:
Requesting certain types of exchanges or sales of fund shares
Requesting certain types of changes for your existing account
You can obtain a signature guarantee from most broker-dealers, banks, credit unions (if authorized under state law) and federal savings and loan associations. You cannot obtain a signature guarantee from a notary public.
The Quant Funds will accept only medallion signature guarantees. A medallion signature guarantee may be obtained from a domestic bank or trust company, broker, dealer, clearing agency, savings association, or other financial institution that is participating in a medallion program recognized by the Securities Transfer Association. Signature guarantees from financial institutions that are not participating in one of these programs are not accepted. Fiduciaries and corporations are required to submit additional documents to sell fund shares.
Minimum Account Size
Each Quant Fund requires that you maintain a minimum account size, currently 50 shares for Ordinary Shares and 5,000 shares for Institutional Shares. If you hold fewer than the required minimum number of shares in your account, the Fund reserves the right to notify you that it intends to sell your shares and close your account. You will be given 30 days from the date of the notice to make additional investments to avoid having your shares sold and your account closed. This policy does not apply to certain qualified retirement plan accounts.
Telephone and Website Access
You may have difficulty contacting the Quant Funds by telephone or accessing quantfunds.com during times of market volatility or disruption in telephone or Internet service. On NYSE holidays or on days when the exchange closes early, Quant will adjust the hours for the telephone center and for online transaction processing accordingly. If you are unable to access the Quant Funds' website, www.quantfunds.com, or reach the Quant Funds by telephone, you should communicate with the Fund in writing.
Share Certificates
The Quant Funds do not offer share certificates. Shares are electronically recorded.
OTHER POLICIES
Each of the Quant Funds and the Distributor reserve the right to:
charge a fee for exchanges or to modify, limit or suspend the exchange privilege at any time without notice. Each Fund will provide 60 days' notice of material amendments to or termination of the exchange privilege.
revise, suspend, limit or terminate the account options or services available to shareholders at any time, except as required by the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission.
charge a fee for wire transfers of redemption proceeds or other similar transaction processing fees.
Each of the Quant Funds reserve the right to:
suspend transactions in Fund shares when trading on the NYSE is closed or restricted, when the Securities and Exchange Commission determines an emergency or other circumstances exist that make it impracticable for the Funds to sell or value their portfolio securities.
redeem in kind by delivering to you portfolio securities owned by the Fund rather than cash. Securities you receive this way may increase or decrease in value while you hold them and you may incur brokerage and transaction charges and tax liability when you convert the securities to cash.
Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings
The Quant Funds have established a policy with respect to the disclosure of Fund portfolio holdings. A description of this policy is provided in the Funds' SAI. In addition, the following information is generally available to you on the Funds' website at www.quantfunds.com:
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Fund's top 10 holdings as of each quarter end |
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14 days after quarter end |
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Fund's full securities holdings as of each quarter end |
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30 days after quarter end |
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Note that the Quant Funds or its agents may suspend the posting of this information or modify the elements of this web posting policy without notice to shareholders. Once posted, the above information will remain available on the website until at least the date on which the Quant Funds file a Form N-CSR or Form N-Q for the period that includes the date as of which the information is current.
DIVIDENDS, DISTRIBUTIONS, AND TAXATION
Dividends and Distributions
Each Fund's policy is to pay at least annually as dividends substantially all of its net investment income and to distribute annually substantially all of its net realized capital gains, if any, after giving effect to any available capital loss carryover. Normally, distributions are made once a year in December.
Unless you elect otherwise, all distributions will be automatically reinvested in additional shares of the Fund you own, and with the exception of the Foreign Value Small Cap Fund, will be subject to the deferred sales charge with subsequently redeemed. You may also elect to have dividends, capital gains, or both paid in cash. You will be sent a check for your dividends, capital gains and other distributions if the total distribution is at least ten dollars. If the distribution is less than ten dollars, it may be automatically reinvested in additional shares of the same class of the Fund you own. All distributions, whether received in shares or cash, are taxable and must be reported by you on federal income tax returns.
Taxation
The following discussion is very general. You are urged to consult your tax adviser regarding the effect that an investment in the Funds may have on your particular tax situation.
Taxability of Distributions
You will normally have to pay federal income taxes, and any state or local taxes, on the distributions you receive from the Funds, whether you take the distributions in cash or reinvest them in additional shares. Distributions designated as capital gain dividends are taxable as long-term capital gains. If a portion of a Fund's income consists of dividends paid by U.S. corporations, a portion of the dividends paid by the Fund may be eligible for the dividends received deduction for corporate shareholders. Other distributions are generally taxable as ordinary income. Each Fund expects that the majority of its distributions will be designated as capital gains, however the proportion of such distributions may vary. Some dividends paid in January may be taxable as if they had been paid the previous December.
The Form 1099 that is mailed to you every January details your distributions and how they are treated for federal tax purposes. Fund distributions will reduce a Fund's net asset value per share. Therefore, if you buy shares shortly before the record date of a distribution, you may pay the full price for the shares and then effectively receive a portion of the purchase price back as a taxable distribution.
If you are neither a citizen nor a resident of the U.S., the Funds will withhold U.S. federal income tax at the rate of 30% on taxable dividends and other payments that are subject to such withholding. You may be able to arrange for a lower withholding rate under an applicable tax treaty if you supply the appropriate documentation required by the Funds. The Funds are also required in certain circumstances to apply backup withholding at the rate of 28% on taxable dividends and redemption proceeds paid to any shareholder (including a shareholder who is neither a citizen nor a resident of the U.S.) who does not
furnish to the Fund certain information and certifications or who is otherwise subject to backup withholding. Backup withholding will not, however, be applied to payments that have been subject to 30% withholding. Prospective investors should read the Funds' Account Application for additional information regarding backup withholding of federal income tax.
Taxability of Transactions
When you redeem, sell or exchange shares, it is generally considered a taxable event for you. Depending on the purchase price and the sale price of the shares you redeem, sell or exchange, you may have a gain or a loss on the transaction. You are responsible for any tax liabilities generated by your transaction.
Further information relating to tax consequences is contained in the Statement of Additional Information. Fund distributions also may be subject to state, local and foreign taxes.
QUANT FUNDS
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
The financial highlights tables are intended to help you understand each Fund's recent financial performance for the past five years. Certain information reflects financial results for a single Fund share. The total returns represent the rate that an investor would have earned or lost on an investment in the Fund, assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions. This information has been derived from the Funds' financial statements, which have been audited by Tait, Weller & Baker LLP. Its report and each Fund's financial statements are included in the Funds' annual report to shareholders, which is available upon request.
TO BE UPDATED
Quant Small Cap Fund Financial Highlights
Quant Long/Short Fund Financial Highlights
Quant Emerging Markets Fund Financial Highlights
Quant Foreign Value Fund Financial Highlights
Quant Foreign Value Small Cap Fund Financial Highlights
QUANT FUNDS
OBTAINING ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
More information about the Quant Funds may be obtained free upon request.
The Quant Funds' Statement of Additional Information (SAI) and annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders include additional information about the Funds. The Funds' annual report discusses the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected each Fund's performance during its last fiscal years. The SAI, the Fund's financial statements and the auditor's report on the financial statements included in the Funds' most recent annual report to shareholders, are incorporated by reference into this Prospectus, which means they are part of this prospectus for legal purposes. The Funds' also file their complete schedules of portfolio holdings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for the 1st and 3rd quarters of each fiscal year on Form N-Q. The Funds' most recent portfolio holdings, as filed on Form N-Q, are also available at www.quantfunds.com.
If you have questions about the Quant Funds or your account, or you wish to obtain free copies of the Funds' current SAI or annual or semi annual reports, please contact your financial adviser or contact us by mail, by telephone or on the Internet.
By Mail: |
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Quantitative Institutional Services
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By Telephone: 800-326-2151
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You may review and obtain copies of the Quant Funds' SAI, financial reports, Forms N-Q and other information at the SEC's Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. You may also access reports and other information about the Funds on the EDGAR database on the SEC's Internet site at http://www.sec.gov. You may get copies of this information, after payment of a duplication fee, by electronic request at the following e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov, or by writing the Public Reference Section of the SEC, 100 F Street N.E. Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-202-942-8090 for information about the operation of the Public Reference Room. You may need to refer to the Funds' file number.
SEC 1940 Act File #811-3790.
Distributed by U.S. Boston Capital Corporation, member FINRA, SIPC
QUANT FUNDS
SERVICE PROVIDERS
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Quantitative Advisors, 55 Old Bedford Road, Lincoln, MA 01773 |
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Columbia Partners, L.L.C., Investment Management, 5425 Wisconsin Avenue, Suite 700, Chevy Chase. MD 20815
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Distributor |
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U.S. Boston Capital Corporation, 55 Old Bedford Road, Lincoln, MA 01773 |
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Custodian |
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State Street Kansas City, 801 Pennsylvania Avenue, Kansas City, MO 64105 |
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Fund Accountant |
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State Street Kansas City, 801 Pennsylvania Avenue, Kansas City, MO 64105 |
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Transfer Agent |
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Quantitative Institutional Services, 55 Old Bedford Road, Lincoln, MA 01773 |
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Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |
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Tait, Weller & Baker LLP, 1818 Market Street, Suite 2400, Philadelphia, PA 19103 |
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Legal Counsel |
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Kirkpatrick & Lockhart Preston Gates Ellis LLP, State Street Financial Center, One Lincoln Street, Boston, MA 02111 |
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For Account Information |
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For Quant Funds information, contact your financial adviser or, if you receive account statements directly from Quant Funds, you can also call 1-800-326-2151. Telephone representatives are available from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time. Or visit our web site, www.quantfunds.com. |
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This page is not part of the prospectus.
55 Old Bedford Road
Lincoln, MA 01773
www.quantfunds.com
Address Service Requested
© 2008 U.S. Boston Capital Corporation
Distributor of the Quant Funds
Member FINRA, SIPC
This page is not part of the prospectus.
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Quant Funds
Quant Small Cap Fund
Quant Long/Short fund
Quant Emerging Markets Fund
Quant Foreign Value Fund
Quant Foreign Value Small Cap Fund
Ordinary Shares and Institutional Shares
August 1, 2008
This Statement of Additional Information ("SAI") is not a prospectus. It should be read in conjunction with the Funds' Ordinary Shares and Institutional Shares prospectus, dated August 1, 2008, as supplemented or revised from time to time. This SAI incorporates by reference the Quant Funds' Annual Report for the fiscal period ended March 31, 2008. A copy of each prospectus and the Funds' Annual Report can be obtained free of charge by calling 1-800-326-2151, by written request to the Quant Funds at 55 Old Bedford Road, Lincoln, MA 01773 or from our website at: www.quantfunds.com.
On November 1, 2006, Quant Growth and Income Fund changed its name to Quant Long/Short Fund.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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FUND HISTORY |
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1 |
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES |
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1 |
INVESTMENT POLICIES, RISKS AND RESTRICTIONS |
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1 |
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS OF THE FUNDS |
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8 |
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUNDS |
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11 |
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS |
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30 |
DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS |
31 |
HOW TO INVEST |
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33 |
HOW TO EXCHANGE |
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37 |
HOW TO REDEEM |
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38 |
CALCULATION OF NET ASSET VALUE |
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38 |
DISTRIBUTIONS |
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40 |
TAXATION |
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40 |
PERFORMANCE MEASURES |
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42 |
THE QUANT FUNDS |
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47 |
PROXY VOTING POLICIES |
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48 |
EXPERTS |
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48 |
APPENDIX |
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49 |
1
FUND HISTORY
The Quantitative Group of Funds was established in 1983 as a business trust under Massachusetts' law. A copy of the Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust (as amended through July 19, 1993) amending and restating the Agreement and Declaration of Trust dated June 27, 1983, is on file with the Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. See THE QUANT FUNDS for additional information.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES
The Funds are series of the Quantitative Group of Funds, or Quant Funds, a registered, open-end, management investment company (the "Trust"). The Funds are non-diversified. The investment objectives and policies of the Funds are summarized in the text of the prospectus following the captions BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUNDS and NON-PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT POLICIES AND RELATED RISKS. There is no assurance that the Funds' objectives will be achieved. This SAI contains certain additional information about those objectives and policies. Capitalized terms used in this SAI but not defined herein have the same meaning as in the prospectus.
INVESTMENT POLICIES, RISKS AND RESTRICTIONS
The prospectus presents the investment objectives and the principal investment strategies and risks of the Funds. This section supplements the disclosure in the Funds' prospectus and provides additional information on each Fund's investment policies or restrictions. Restrictions or policies stated as a maximum percentage of the Fund's assets are only applied immediately after a portfolio investment to which the policy or restriction is applicable (other than the limitations on borrowing and illiquid securities). Accordingly, any later increase or decrease resulting from a change in values, net assets or other circumstances will not be considered in determining whether the investment complies with a Fund's restrictions and policies.
CONVERTIBLE SECURITIES. Each of the Funds may invest in convertible securities, such as convertible debentures, bonds and preferred stock, which allow the holder thereof to convert the instrument into common stock at a specified share price or ratio. The price of the common stock may fluctuate above or below the specified price or ratio, which may allow a Fund the opportunity to purchase the common stock at below market price or, conversely, render the right of conversion worthless. A Fund will invest in convertible securities primarily for their equity characteristics.
OTHER INVESTMENT COMPANIES. The Funds may invest in the securities of other investment companies to the extent that such investments are consistent with a Fund's investment objective and policies and permissible under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "1940 Act"). Under the 1940 Act, a Fund may not acquire the securities of other domestic or non-U.S. investment companies if, as a result, (i) more than 10% of the Fund's total assets would be invested in securities of other investment companies, (ii) such purchase would result in more than 3% of the total outstanding voting securities of any one investment company being held by the Fund, or (iii) more than 5% of the Fund's total assets would be invested in any one investment company.
Subject to the limitations on investments in other investment companies, Quant Emerging Markets Fund may invest up to 10% of its total assets in closed-end country funds whose shares are traded in the United States. Investments in closed-end funds may allow the Fund to attain exposure to a broader base of companies in certain emerging markets and to avoid foreign government restrictions that may limit direct investment in a country's equity markets. Closed-end country funds are managed pools of securities of companies having their principal place of business in a particular foreign country. Shares of certain of these closed-end investment companies may at times only be acquired at market premiums to their net asset values.
The limitations on investments in other investment companies do not apply to the purchase of shares of any investment company in connection with a merger, consolidation, reorganization or acquisition of substantially all the assets of another investment company. A Fund, as a holder of the securities of other investment companies, will bear its pro rata portion of the other investment companies' expenses, including advisory fees. These expenses are in addition to the direct expenses of the Fund's own operations.
EXCHANGE TRADED FUNDS. Subject to the limitations on investment in OTHER INVESTMENT COMPANIES as such may be modified by an exemptive order from the Securities and Exchange Commission with respect to a particular exchange traded fund (ETF), a Fund may invest in ETFs.
ETFs, such as Standard & Poor's Corporation ("S&P") depositary receipts ("SPDRs"), Nasdaq 100 Index Trading Stock ("QQQs"), iShares and various country index funds, are investment companies whose shares are traded on a national exchange or the National Association of Securities Dealers' Automatic Quotation System (NASDAQ). ETFs may be based on underlying equity or fixed income securities. SPDRs, for example, seek to provide investment results that generally correspond to the performance of the component common stocks of the S&P 500. ETFs do not sell individual shares directly to investors
2
and only issue their shares in large blocks known as "creation units." The investor purchasing a creation unit then sells the individual shares on a secondary market. Therefore, the liquidity of ETFs depends on the adequacy of the secondary market.
There can be no assurance that an ETF's investment objective will be achieved. ETFs based on an index may not replicate and maintain exactly the composition and relative weightings of securities in the index. ETFs are subject to the risks of investing in the underlying securities. A Fund, as a holder of the securities of the ETF, will bear its pro rata portion of the ETF's expenses, including advisory fees. These expenses are in addition to the direct expenses of the Fund's own operations.
REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUSTS ("REITs"). REITs are companies which invest primarily in income producing real estate or real estate related loans or interests. REITs are generally classified as equity REITs, mortgage REITs or a combination of equity and mortgage REITs. Equity REITs invest the majority of their assets directly in real property and derive income primarily from the collection of rents. Equity REITs can also realize capital gains by selling properties that have appreciated in value. Mortgage REITs invest the majority of their assets in real estate mortgages and derive income from the collection of interest payments. REITs are not taxed on income distributed to shareholders provided they comply with the applicable requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"). In some cases, a Fund will indirectly bear its proportionate share of any management and other expenses paid by REITs in which it invests in addition to the expenses paid by the Fund.
Investing in REITs involves certain unique risks in addition to those risks associated with investing in the real estate industry in general. An equity REIT may be affected by changes in the value of the underlying properties owned by the REIT. A mortgage REIT may be affected by changes in interest rates and the ability of the issuers of its portfolio mortgages to repay their obligations. REITs are dependent upon the skills of their managers and are not diversified. REITs are generally dependent upon maintaining cash flows to repay borrowings and to make distributions to shareholders and are subject to the risk of default by lessees or borrowers. REITs whose underlying assets are concentrated in properties used by a particular industry, such as health care, are also subject to risks associated with such industry.
REITs (especially mortgage REITs) are also subject to interest rate risks. When interest rates decline, the value of a REIT's investment in fixed rate obligations can be expected to rise. Conversely, when interest rates rise, the value of a REIT's investment in fixed rate obligations can be expected to decline. If the REIT invests in adjustable rate mortgage loans the interest rates on which are reset periodically, yields on a REIT's investments in such loans will gradually align themselves to reflect changes in market interest rates. This causes the value of such investments to fluctuate less dramatically in response to interest rate fluctuations than would investments in fixed rate obligations. REITs may have limited financial resources and may trade less frequently and in a more limited volume than larger company securities.
INVESTMENTS IN INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERINGS. To the extent consistent with its investment objective, each of the Funds may invest up to 5% of its total net assets (at time of purchase) in initial public offerings ("IPO") of equity securities. The market for such securities may be more volatile and entail greater risk of loss than investments in more established companies. Many companies engaged in IPO's are smaller capitalization companies that present the risks of such companies described in "Principal Risks for Each Fund" in the prospectus. Such risks may include limited operating histories, dependence on a limited number of management personnel, reliance on one or a small number of core businesses, including businesses for which there may not be well developed markets. Newly public companies may also have limited access to additional capital to finance operating needs and/or implementation of strategic plans. At times, investments in IPO's could represent a significant portion of a fund's investment performance. A Fund cannot assure that investments in IPO's will continue to be available to the Fund or, if available, will result in positive investment performance , particularly during times when a Fund is of smaller size. In addition, as a Fund's assets increase, the impact of investments in IPO's on the overall performance of the Fund is likely to decrease.
A Fund may sell stocks purchased in IPO's shortly after the time of the offering in order to realize a short-term profit. Such sales involve transaction costs and are taxable events that would give rise to short-term capital gains that are taxable at the less favorable rates applicable to ordinary income. Although opportunities may exist to realize a short-term profit on stocks purchased in IPO's, a Fund may continue to hold such stocks for longer-term investment if the Fund's Advisor believes this is appropriate. Holding stocks of newly public companies over the longer-term involves the risk that the prices of such stocks may depreciate substantially from the initial offering price and from higher trading prices that may exist in the markets shortly following the initial offering. In addition to buying stocks directly in an IPO, each Fund may purchase newly public stocks in the secondary market if a Fund's Advisor determines that this is an appropriate investment. Purchasing newly public stocks shortly after the offering may involve paying market prices significantly above the initial offering price. Active market activity in newly public stocks may diminish substantially over time creating the risk that such stocks purchased in the secondary market could depreciate substantially in value, including over a relatively short time period.
DERIVATIVES. Each Fund may, but is not required to, engage in a variety of transactions using "derivatives," such as futures, options, warrants and swaps. Derivatives are financial instruments whose value depend upon, or are derived from, the value of something else, such as one or more underlying investments, indexes or currencies. Derivatives may be traded on organized
3
exchanges, or in individually negotiated transactions with other parties (these are known as "over the counter"). Each Fund may use derivatives both for hedging and non-hedging purposes. Although each Fund's Advisor has the flexibility to use these strategies, it may choose not to for a variety of reasons, even under very volatile market conditions. Derivatives involve special risks and costs and may result in losses to the Fund. The successful use of derivatives requires sophisticated management and each Fund will depend on its Advisor's ability to analyze and manage derivatives transactions. The prices of derivatives may move in unexpected ways, especially in abnormal market conditions. Some derivatives are "leveraged" and therefore may magnify or otherwise increase investment losses to the Fund. A Fund's use of derivatives may also increase the amount of taxes payable by shareholders. Other risks arise from the potential inability to terminate or sell derivatives positions. A liquid secondary market may not always exist for the Fund's derivatives positions at any time. In fact, many over-the-counter instruments will not be liquid. Over-the-counter instruments also involve the risk that the other party will not meet its obligations to a Fund.
Participatory Notes. The Emerging Markets Fund, Foreign Value Fund and Foreign Value Small Cap Fund may invest in participatory notes. Participatory notes are offshore derivative instruments issued to foreign investors against underlying Indian securities. These securities are not registered with the Securities and Exchange Board of India. The risks of investing in participatory notes are similar to those risks of investing in foreign securities in general. See "Principal Risks for Each Fund" in the Funds' prospectus for a discussion of the risks of investing in foreign securities. Participatory notes function similarly to depositary receipts except that brokers, not U.S. banks, are depositories for Indian-based securities on behalf of foreign investors. Brokers buy Indian-based securities and then issue participatory notes to foreign investors. Any dividends or capital gains collected from the underlying securities are remitted to the foreign investors. However, unlike depositary receipts, participatory notes are subject to credit risk based on the uncertainty of the counterparty's (i.e., the broker's) ability to meet its obligations.
Currently, the Emerging Markets Fund does not intend to invest in participatory notes.
OPALS. The Emerging Markets Fund, Foreign Value Fund and Foreign Value Small Cap Fund may each invest in optimized portfolio as listed securities ("OPALS"). OPALS represent an interest in a basket of securities of companies primarily located in a specific country generally designed to track an index for that country. Investments in OPALS are subject to the same risks inherent in directly investing in foreign securities. See PRINCIPAL RISKS FOR EACH FUND-Foreign Investments in the prospectus. In addition, because the OPALS are not registered under the securities laws, they may only be sold to certain classes of investors, and it may be more difficult for the Fund to sell OPALS than other types of securities. However, the OPALS may generally be exchanged with the issuer for the underlying securities, which may be more readily tradable.
DEPOSITORY RECEIPTS. Each Fund may invest in American Depository Receipts ("ADRs"), European Depository Receipts ("EDRs") and Global Depository Receipts ("GDRs"). ADRs, EDRs and GDRs are certificates evidencing ownership of shares of a foreign issuer. These certificates are issued by depository banks and generally trade on an established market in the United States or elsewhere. The underlying shares are held in trust by a custodian bank or similar financial institution in the issuer's home country. The depository bank may not have physical custody of the underlying securities at all times and may charge fees for various services, including forwarding dividends and interest and corporate actions. ADRs are alternatives to directly purchasing the underlying foreign securities in their national markets and currencies. However, ADRs continue to be subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities. These risks include foreign exchange risk as well as the political and economic risks of the underlying issuer's country. ADRs, EDRs and GDRs may be sponsored or unsponsored. Unsponsored receipts are established without the participation of the issuer. Unsponsored receipts differ from receipts sponsored by an issuer in that they may involve higher expenses, they may not pass-through voting or other shareholder rights, and they may be less liquid.
FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS. A forward foreign currency exchange contract involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract. These contracts are principally traded in the inter-bank market conducted directly between currency traders (usually large commercial banks) and their customers. A forward contract generally has no deposit requirement, and no commissions are charged at any stage for trades.
Since investments in foreign companies will usually involve currencies of foreign countries, and since the Foreign Value Fund, the Emerging Markets Fund and the Foreign Value Small Cap Fund may temporarily hold funds in bank deposits in foreign currencies during the completion of investment programs, the value of the assets of these Funds as measured in U.S. dollars may be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in foreign currency exchange rates and exchange control regulations, and the Funds may incur costs in connection with conversions between various currencies. The Foreign Value Fund, the Emerging Markets Fund and the Foreign Value Small Cap Fund will conduct foreign currency exchange transactions either on a spot (i.e., cash) basis at the spot rate prevailing in the foreign currency exchange market, or through entering into forward contracts to purchase or sell foreign currencies. The Foreign Value Fund, the Emerging Markets Fund and the Foreign Value Small Cap Fund will generally not enter into a forward contract with a term of greater than one year. The Funds' Custodian (as defined below) will place cash or liquid debt securities into a segregated account of the series in an amount equal to the value
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of the Funds' total assets committed to the consummation of forward foreign currency exchange contracts. If the value of the securities placed in the segregated account declines, additional cash or securities will be placed in the account on a daily basis so that the value of the account will equal the amount of the Funds' commitments with respect to such contracts.
The Foreign Value Fund, the Emerging Markets Fund and the Foreign Value Small Cap Fund will generally enter into forward foreign currency exchange contracts under two circumstances. First, when a Fund enters into a contract for the purchase or sale of a security denominated in a foreign currency, it may desire to "lock in" the U.S. dollar price of the security. By entering into a forward contract for the purchase or sale, for a fixed amount of U.S. dollars, of the amount of foreign currency involved in the underlying security transactions, the Fund will seek to protect itself against a possible loss resulting from an adverse change in the relationship between the U.S. dollar and the subject foreign currency during the period between the date the security is purchased or sold and the date on which payment is made or received.
Second, when a Fund's Advisor believes that the currency of a particular foreign country may experience an adverse movement against the U.S. dollar, it may enter into a forward contract to sell an amount of the foreign currency approximating the value of some or all of the Fund's portfolio securities denominated in such foreign currency. Alternatively, where appropriate, a Fund may hedge all or part of its foreign currency exposure through the use of a basket of currencies where certain of such currencies act as an effective proxy for other currencies. In such a case, the Fund may enter into a forward contract where the amount of the foreign currency to be sold exceeds the value of the securities denominated in such currency. The use of this basket hedging technique may be more efficient and economical than entering into separate forward contracts for each currency held in the Fund. The precise matching of the forward contract amounts and the value of the securities involved will not generally be possible since the future value of such securities in foreign currencies will change as a consequence of market movements in the value of those securities between the date the forward contract is entered into and the date it matures. The projection of short-term currency market movement is extremely difficult, and the successful execution of a short-term hedging strategy is highly uncertain. Under certain circumstances, the Fund may commit a substantial portion, or up to 75% of the value of its assets, to the consummation of these contracts. The Fund's Advisor will consider the effect a substantial commitment of its assets to forward contracts would have on the investment program of the Fund and the flexibility of the Fund to purchase additional securities. Other than as set forth above, the Fund will not enter into such forward contracts or maintain a net exposure to such contracts where the consummation of the contracts would obligate the Fund to deliver an amount of foreign currency in excess of the value of the Fund's portfolio securities or other assets denominated in that currency. Under normal circumstances, consideration of the prospect for currency parities will be incorporated into the longer-term investment decisions made with regard to overall diversification strategies. However, the Fund's Advisor believes that it is important to have the flexibility to enter into such forward contracts when it determines that the best interests of the Fund will be served.
At the maturity of a forward contract, a Fund may either sell the portfolio security and make delivery of the foreign currency, or it may retain the security and terminate its contractual obligation to deliver the foreign currency by purchasing an "offsetting" contract obligating it to purchase, on the same maturity date, the same amount of the foreign currency.
As indicated above, it is impossible to forecast with absolute precision the market value of portfolio securities at the expiration of the forward contract. Accordingly, it may be necessary for a Fund to purchase additional foreign currency on the spot market (and bear the expense of such purchase) if the market value of the security is less than the amount of foreign currency the Fund is obligated to deliver and if a decision is made to sell the security and make delivery of the foreign currency. Conversely, it may be necessary to sell on the spot market some of the foreign currency received upon the sale of the portfolio security if its market value exceeds the amount of foreign currency the Fund is obligated to deliver.
If a Fund retains the portfolio security and engages in an offsetting transaction, the Fund will incur a gain or a loss (as described below) to the extent that there has been movement in forward contract prices. If the Fund engages in an offsetting transaction, it may subsequently enter into a new forward contract to sell the foreign currency. Should forward prices decline during the period between the Fund's entering into a forward contract for the sale of a foreign currency and the date it enters into an offsetting contract for the purchase of the foreign currency, the Fund will realize a gain to the extent the price of the currency it has agreed to sell exceeds the price of the currency it has agreed to purchase. Should forward prices increase, the Fund will suffer a loss to the extent the price of the currency it has agreed to purchase exceeds the price of the currency it has agreed to sell.
The Funds are not required to enter into forward contracts with regard to their foreign currency-denominated securities and will not do so unless deemed appropriate by the relevant Fund's Advisor. It also should be realized that this method of hedging against a decline in the value of a currency does not eliminate fluctuations in the underlying prices of the securities. It simply establishes a rate of exchange at a future date. Additionally, although such contracts tend to minimize the risk of loss due to a decline in the value of the hedged currency, at the same time, they tend to limit any potential gain that might result from an increase in the value of that currency.
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SHORT-TERM DEBT OBLIGATIONS. The Funds may invest in short-term debt obligations for temporary defensive purposes and for liquidity purposes (e.g., for redemption of shares, to pay expenses or pending other investments). Short-term debt obligations may include obligations of the U.S. government and (in the case of the Foreign Value Fund and Emerging Markets Fund) securities of foreign governments. Short-term debt obligations may also include certificates of deposit and bankers' acceptances issued by U.S. banks (and, in the case of the Foreign Value Fund and Emerging Markets Fund, foreign banks) having deposits in excess of $2 billion, commercial paper, short-term corporate bonds, debentures and notes and repurchase agreements, all with one year or less to maturity. Investments in commercial paper are limited to obligations (i) rated Prime-1 by Moody's Investors Service, Inc.("Moody's") or A-1 by S&P, or in the case of any instrument that is not rated, of comparable quality as determined by the Manager or an Advisor, or (ii) issued by companies having an outstanding debt issue currently rated Aaa or Aa by Moody's or AAA or AA by S&P. Investments in other corporate obligations are limited to those having maturity of one year or less and rated Aaa or Aa by Moody's or AAA or AA by Standard & Poor's. The value of fixed-income securities may fluctuate inversely in relation to the direction of interest rate changes.
BOND RATINGS.
Moody's bond ratings cited above are as follows:
Aaa: Bonds that are rated "Aaa" are judged to be the best quality and to carry the smallest degree of investment risk. Interest payments are protected by a large or exceptionally stable margin and principal is secure.
Aa: Bonds that are rated "Aa" are judged to be of high quality by all standards. Together with the "Aaa" group, they comprise what are generally known as "high-grade" bonds. They are rated lower than the best bonds because margins of protection may not be as large as with "Aaa" securities or other elements may make long-term risks appear greater than those of "Aaa" securities.
The S&P Corporation bond ratings cited above are as follows:
AAA: "AAA" is the highest rating assigned to a debt obligation and indicates an extremely strong capacity to pay principal and interest.
AA: Bonds rated "AA" also qualify as high quality debt obligations. Capacity to pay principal and interest is very strong, and in the majority of instances they differ from "AAA" issues only in small degree.
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS. A repurchase agreement is a contract under which a Fund would acquire a security for a relatively short period (usually not more than one week), subject to the obligation of the seller to repurchase and the Fund to resell such security at a fixed time and price (representing the Fund's cost plus interest). The Funds will enter into repurchase agreements only with (i) commercial banks or (ii) registered broker-dealers. Although each Fund may enter into repurchase agreements with respect to any securities which it may acquire consistent with its investment policies and restrictions, it is the Funds' present intention to enter into repurchase agreements only with respect to obligations of the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities. While the repurchase agreements entered into by a Fund will provide that the underlying security at all times shall have a value at least equal to the resale price stated in the agreements (and, for this purpose, the underlying security will be marked to market daily), if the seller defaults, the Fund could realize a loss on the sale of the underlying security to the extent that the proceeds of the sale including accrued interest are less than the resale price provided in the agreement including interest. In addition, if the seller should be involved in bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings, the Fund may incur delay and costs in selling the underlying security or may suffer a loss of principal and interest if the Fund is treated as an unsecured creditor and required to return the underlying collateral to the seller's estate.
No more than 5% of the value of a Fund's total assets will be invested in repurchase agreements that have a maturity longer than seven (7) days. Investments in repurchase agreements which have a longer maturity are not considered to be readily marketable (see "Illiquid Securities" below). In addition, a Fund will not enter into repurchase agreements with a securities dealer if such transactions constitute the purchase of an interest in such dealer under the 1940 Act.
SECURITIES LOANS. Each Fund may make secured loans of its portfolio securities amounting to not more than 30% of its total assets. See INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS OF THE FUNDS. The risks in lending portfolio securities, as with other extensions of credit, consist of possible delay in the recovery of the securities or loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower fail financially. Securities loans are made to broker-dealers pursuant to agreements requiring that loans be continuously secured by collateral in cash or cash equivalents (such as U.S. Treasury bills) at least equal at all times to the market value of the securities lent. The borrower pays to a Fund an amount equal to any dividends or interest received on the securities lent. A Fund may invest the cash collateral received in interest-bearing, short-term securities or receive a fee from the borrower. Although voting rights, or rights to consent with respect to the loaned securities, pass to the borrower, a Fund retains the right to call the loans at any time on reasonable notice, and it will do so in order that the securities may be voted by
6
a Fund if the holders of such securities are asked to vote upon or consent to matters materially affecting the investment. A Fund may also call such loans in order to sell the security involved.
OPTIONS. Each Fund may write covered call options that are traded on national securities exchanges with respect to stocks in its portfolio (ensuring that each Fund at all times will have in its portfolios the securities which it may be obligated to deliver if the options are exercised). The "writer" of a call option gives to the purchaser of that option the right to buy the underlying security from the writer at the exercise price prior to the expiration date of the call. Call options are generally written for periods of less than six months. Each Fund may write covered call options on securities in its portfolios in an attempt to realize a greater current return than would be realized on the securities alone or to provide greater flexibility in disposing of such securities. Each Fund may also write call options to partially hedge a possible stock market decline. Because each Fund's objective is growth of capital, covered call options would not be written except at a time when it is believed that the price of the common stock on which the call is being written will not rise in the near future and the Fund does not desire to sell the common stock for tax or other reasons. The writer of a covered call option receives a premium for undertaking the obligation to sell the underlying security at a fixed price during the option period if the option is exercised. So long as each Fund remains obligated as a writer of covered calls, it foregoes the opportunity to profit from increases in the market prices of the underlying securities above the exercise prices of the options, except insofar as the premiums represent such profits, and retain the risk of loss should the value of the underlying securities decline. Each Fund may also enter into "closing purchase transactions" in order to terminate its obligations as a writer of covered call options prior to the expiration of the options. Although limiting writing covered call options to those which are traded on national securities exchanges increases the likelihood of being able to make closing purchase transactions, there is no assurance that each Fund will be able to effect such transactions at any particular time or at an acceptable price. If each Fund was unable to enter into a closing purchase transaction, the principal risks to each Fund would be the loss of any capital appreciation of the underlying security in excess of the exercise price and the inability to sell the underlying security in a down market until the call option was terminated. The writing of covered call options could result in an increase in the portfolio turnover rate of each Fund, especially during periods when market prices of the underlying securities appreciate.
SHORT SALES.
Quant Long/Short Fund
Long/Short Fund may sell securities short. No securities will be sold short if, after giving effect to any short sales, the value of all securities sold short would exceed 33% of Long/Short Fund's net assets.
A security is sold short when Long/Short Fund sells a security it does not own. To sell a security short, Long/Short Fund must borrow the security from someone else to deliver it to the buyer. Long/Short Fund then replaces the borrowed security by purchasing it at the market price at or before the time of replacement. Until it replaces the security, Long/Short Fund repays the person that lent it the security for any interest or dividends that may have accrued during the period of the loan.
Long/Short Fund typically sells securities short to take advantage of an anticipated decline in prices and/or protect a profit in a security it already owns. Long/Short Fund can lose money if the price of the security it sold short increases between the date of the short sale and the date on which Long/Short Fund replaces the borrowed security. Likewise, Long/Short Fund can profit if the price of the security declines between those dates.
To borrow the security, Long/Short Fund also may be required to pay a premium, which would increase the cost of the security sold. Long/Short Fund will incur transaction costs in effecting short sales. Long/Short Fund's gains and losses will be decreased or increased, as the case may be, by the amount of the premium, dividends, interest, or expenses Long/Short Fund may be required to pay in connection with a short sale. The broker will retain the net proceeds of the short sale to the extent necessary to meet margin requirements until the short position is closed out.
Whenever Long/Short Fund sells a security short, the Custodian segregates an amount of cash or liquid securities (see "Asset Segregation" below).
Funds other than Quant Long/Short Fund
The Funds (except Quant Long/Short Fund) will limit short sales to selling securities "against the box." No securities will be sold short if after giving effect to any short sales, the value of all securities sold short would exceed 25% of a Fund's net assets.
Short Sales Against the Box. The Funds may sell securities "short against the box." A short sale involves the Fund borrowing securities from a broker and selling the borrowed securities. The Fund has an obligation to return securities identical to the borrowed securities to the broker. In a short sale against the box, the Fund at all times own an equal amount of the security sold short or securities convertible into or exchangeable for, with or without payment of additional consideration, an
7
equal amount of the security sold short. The Fund intends to use short sales against the box to hedge. For example when the Fund believes that the price of a current portfolio security may decline, the Fund may use a short sale against the box to lock in a sale price for a security rather than selling the security immediately. In such a case, any future losses in the Fund's long position should be offset by a gain in the short position and, conversely, any gain in the long position should be reduced by a loss in the short position.
If the Fund effects a short sale against the box at a time when it has an unrealized gain on the security, it may be required to recognize that gain as if it had actually sold the security (a "constructive sale") on the date it effects the short sale. However, such constructive sale treatment may not apply if the Fund closes out the short sale with securities other than the appreciated securities held at the time of the short sale provided that certain other conditions are satisfied. Uncertainty regarding the tax consequences of effecting short sales may limit the extent to which the Fund may make short sales against the box.
Asset Segregation
The 1940 Act requires that each Fund segregate assets in connection with certain types of transactions that may have the effect of leveraging the Fund's portfolio. If a Fund enters into a transaction requiring segregation, such as a short sale, the Custodian or the Advisor will segregate liquid assets in an amount required to comply with the 1940 Act. Such segregated assets will be valued at market daily. If the aggregate value of such segregated assets declines below the aggregate value required to satisfy the 1940 Act, additional liquid assets will be segregated.
FORWARD COMMITMENTS. Each Fund may make contracts to purchase securities for a fixed price at a future date beyond customary settlement time ("forward commitments"), if the Fund holds, and maintains until the settlement date in a segregated account with the Funds' Custodian, cash or short-term debt obligations in an amount sufficient to meet the purchase price. These debt obligations will be marked to market on a daily basis and additional liquid assets will be added to such segregated accounts as required. Forward commitments may be considered securities in themselves. They involve a risk of loss if the value of the security to be purchased declines prior to the settlement date, which risk is in addition to the risk of decline in the value of the Fund's other assets. Although a Fund will generally enter into forward commitments with the intention of acquiring securities for its portfolio, a Fund may dispose of a commitment prior to settlement if the Advisor deems it appropriate to do so. A Fund may realize short-term profits or losses upon the sale of forward commitments.
WARRANTS. The Funds may invest in warrants purchased as units or attached to securities purchased by the series. Warrants are options to purchase equity securities at specific prices valid for a specific period of time. Their prices do not necessarily move parallel to the prices of the underlying securities. Warrants have no voting rights, receive no dividends and have no rights with respect to the assets of the issuer.
ILLIQUID SECURITIES. Securities which do not trade on stock exchanges or in the over the counter market, or have restrictions on when and how they may be sold, are generally considered to be "illiquid." An illiquid security is one that a Fund may have difficulty, or may even be legally precluded from, selling within a particular time. The Funds may invest in illiquid securities, including restricted securities and other investments that are not readily marketable. A Fund will not purchase any such security if the purchase would cause the Fund to invest more than 15% of its net assets, measured at the time of purchase, in illiquid securities. Repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days are considered illiquid for purposes of this restriction.
The principal risk of investing in illiquid securities is that a Fund may be unable to dispose of them at the time desired or at a reasonable price. In addition, in order to resell a restricted security, a Fund might have to bear the expense and incur the delays associated with registering the security with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the Commission"), and otherwise obtaining listing on a securities exchange or in the over the counter market.
ALTERNATIVE STRATEGIES. At times, each Fund's Advisor may judge that market conditions make pursuing the Fund's investment strategies inconsistent with the best interests of its shareholders. Each Fund's Advisor may then temporarily use alternative strategies that are mainly designed to limit the Fund's losses. These alternative strategies may include the purchase of debt, money market investments and other investments not consistent with the investment strategies of the Fund. Although each Fund's Advisor has the flexibility to use these strategies, it may choose not to for a variety of reasons, even in very volatile market conditions. These strategies may cause the Fund to miss out on investment opportunities, and may prevent the Fund from achieving its goal.
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER. A change in securities held by a Fund is known as "portfolio turnover" and almost always involves the payment by the Fund of brokerage commissions or dealer markups and other transaction costs on the sale of securities as well as on the reinvestment of the proceeds in other securities. High portfolio turnover involves correspondingly greater brokerage commissions and other transaction costs, which will be borne directly by the Fund and may affect taxes paid by shareholders to the extent short-term gains are distributed. Portfolio turnover is not a limiting factor with respect to investment decisions by any Fund.
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The portfolio turnover rates for the Funds' two most recently ended fiscal years were as follows:
|
Fiscal Years Ended March 31, |
|
2007 |
2008 |
SMALL CAP FUND |
41% |
|
LONG/SHORT FUND* |
83% |
|
EMERGING MARKETS FUND |
24% |
|
FOREIGN VALUE FUND |
19% |
|
FOREIGN VALUE SMALL CAP FUND** |
N/A |
|
*The Fund's annual portfolio turnover ratio as a result of its new investment strategy implemented November 1, 2006 is estimated to be slightly more than 200%. Portfolio turnover rate is calculated on long security positions only. Short positions are generally held for less than one year.
**The Foreign Value Small Cap Fund commenced operations on May 1, 2008 and therefore, does not have portfolio turnover information as of March 31, 2008.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS OF THE FUNDS
Fundamental Investment Restrictions. Each Fund has adopted certain fundamental investment restrictions which may not be changed without the affirmative vote of the holders of a "majority of the outstanding voting securities" (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund. Statements in italics are not part of the restriction. For this purpose, a majority of the outstanding shares of the Fund means the vote of the lesser of:
1. 67% or more of the shares represented at a meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares are present in person or by proxy, or
|
2. |
more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund. |
Statements in italics are not part of the investment restriction.
LONG/SHORT FUND and FOREIGN VALUE SMALL CAP FUND
Long/Short Fund and the Foreign Value Small Cap Fund may not:
(1) |
issue senior securities, except to the extent permitted by applicable law, as amended and interpreted or modified form time to time by any regulatory authority having jurisdiction; |
(2) |
borrow money, except on a temporary basis and except to the extent permitted by applicable law, as amended and interpreted or modified from time to time by any regulatory authority having jurisdiction; |
Under current regulatory requirements, the Fund may: (a) borrow from banks or through reverse repurchase agreements in an amount up to 33 1/3% of the Fund's total assets (including the amount borrowed); (b) borrow up to an additional 5% of the Fund's assets for temporary purposes; (c) obtain such short-term credits as are necessary for the clearance of portfolio transactions; and (d) purchase securities on margin to the extent permitted by applicable law . In the opinion of the SEC, the Fund's limitation on borrowing includes any pledge, mortgage or hypothecation of its assets.
(3) |
invest in real estate except (a) that the Fund may invest in securities of issuers that invest in real estate or interests therein, securities that are secured by real estate or interests therein, securities of real estate investment trusts, mortgage-backed securities and other securities that represent a similar indirect interest in real estate; and (b) the Fund may acquire real estate or interests therein through exercising rights or remedies with regard to an instrument or security; |
(4) |
act as an underwriter, except insofar as the Fund technically may be deemed to be an underwriter in connection with the purchase or sale of its portfolio securities; |
(5) |
make loans, except that the Fund may (i) lend portfolio securities in accordance with the Fund's investment policies, (ii) enter into repurchase agreements, (iii) purchase all or a portion of an issue of publicly distributed debt securities, bank loan participation interests, bank certificates of deposit, bankers' acceptances, debentures or other securities, whether or not the purchase is made upon the original issuance of the securities, (iv) participate in a credit facility whereby the Fund may directly lend to and borrow money from other affiliated Funds to the extent permitted under |
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the 1940 Act or an exemption therefrom, and (v) make loans in any other manner consistent with applicable law, as amended and interpreted or modified from time to time by any regulatory authority having jurisdiction;
|
(6) |
concentrate its investments in securities of companies in any particular industry; or |
In the opinion of the SEC, investments are concentrated in a particular industry if such investments aggregate more than 25% of the fund's total assets. When identifying industries for purposes of its concentration policy, the Fund will rely upon available industry classifications. The Fund relies on the MSCI Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS) classifications. The Fund's policy does not apply to investments in U.S. government securities.
(7) |
invest in commodities or commodity contracts, except that the Fund may invest in currency instruments and currency contracts and financial instruments and financial contracts that might be deemed to be commodities and commodity contracts in accordance with applicable law. |
For example, a futures contract may be deemed to be a commodity contract.
SMALL CAP FUND, EMERGING MARKETS FUND AND FOREIGN VALUE FUND
Each Fund may not:
(1) |
purchase any security if as a result a Fund would then hold more than 10% of any class of securities of an issuer (taking all common stock issues of an issuer as a single class, all preferred stock issues as a single class, and all debt issues as a single class) or more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of an issuer; |
(2) |
purchase any security if as a result any Fund would then have more than 10% of the value of its net assets (taken at current value) invested in any of the following types of investment vehicles: in securities of companies (including predecessors) less than three years old, in securities which are not readily marketable, in securities which are subject to legal or contractual restrictions on resale ("restricted securities") and in repurchase agreements which have a maturity longer than seven (7) days, provided, however, that no Fund may invest more than 15% of its assets in illiquid securities; |
(3) |
make short sales of securities or maintain a short position unless at all times when a short position is open the particular Fund owns an equal amount of such securities or securities convertible into, or exchangeable without payment of any further consideration for, securities of the same issue as, and equal in amount to, the securities sold short, and unless not more than 10% of the Fund's net assets (taken at current value) is held as collateral for such sales at any one time. Such sales of securities subject to outstanding options would not be made. A Fund may maintain short positions in a stock index by selling futures contracts on that index; |
(4) |
issue senior securities, borrow money or pledge its assets except that a Fund may borrow from a bank for temporary or emergency purposes in amounts not exceeding 10% (taken at the lower of cost or current value) of its total assets (not including the amount borrowed) and pledge its assets to secure such borrowings. A Fund will not purchase any additional portfolio securities so long as its borrowings amount to more than 5% of its total assets. (For purposes of this restriction, collateral arrangements with respect to the writing of covered call options and options on index futures and collateral arrangements with respect to margin for a stock index future are not deemed to be a pledge of assets and neither such arrangements nor the purchase or sale of stock index futures or the purchase of related options are deemed to be the issuance of a senior security.); |
(5) |
purchase or retain securities of any company if, to the knowledge of the Funds, officers and Trustees of the Funds or of the Manager or of the Advisor of the particular Funds who individually own more than 1/2 of 1% of the securities of that company together own beneficially more than 5% of such securities; |
(6) |
buy or sell real estate or interests in real estate, although it may purchase and sell securities which are secured by real estate and securities of companies which invest or deal in real estate; |
(7) |
act as underwriter except to the extent that, in connection with the disposition of Fund securities, it may be deemed to be an underwriter under certain provisions of the federal securities laws; |
(8) |
make investments for the purpose of exercising control or management; |
(9) |
participate on a joint or joint and several basis in any trading account in securities; |
10
(10) |
write, purchase, or sell puts, calls or combinations thereof, except that the Fund may (i) write covered call options with respect to all of its portfolio securities; (ii) purchase put options and call options on widely recognized securities indices, common stock of individual companies or baskets of individual companies in a particular industry or sector; (iii) purchase and write call options on stock index futures and on stock indices; (iv) sell and purchase such options to terminate existing positions; |
(11) |
invest in interests in oil, gas or other mineral exploration or development programs, although it may invest in the common stocks of companies that invest in or sponsor such programs; |
(12) |
make loans, except (i) through the purchase of bonds, debentures, commercial paper, corporate notes and similar evidences of indebtedness of a type commonly sold privately to financial institutions, (ii) through repurchase agreements and loans of portfolio securities (limited to 30% of the value of a Fund's total assets). The purchase of a portion of an issue of such securities distributed publicly, whether or not such purchase is made on the original issuance, is not considered the making of a loan; or |
(13) |
invest more than 25% of the value of its total assets in any one industry. |
(14) |
invest in commodities or commodity contracts or in puts, calls, or combinations of both, except interest rate futures contracts, options on securities, securities indices, currency and other financial instruments, futures contracts on securities, securities indices, currency and other financial instruments and options on such futures contracts, forward foreign currency exchange contracts, forward commitments, securities index put or call warrants and repurchase agreements entered into in accordance with the fund's investment policies. |
Although certain of these policies envision a Fund maintaining a position in a stock index by selling futures contracts on that index and also envision that under certain conditions one or more Funds may engage in transactions in stock index futures and related options, the Funds do not currently intend to engage in such transactions.
All percentage limitations on investments, except the percentage limitations with respect to borrowing in fundamental policy (4) above, will apply at the time of the making of an investment and shall not be considered violated unless an excess or deficiency occurs or exists immediately after and as a result of such investment.
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUNDS
The Trustees of the Trust are responsible for protecting the interests of shareholders. The Trustees meet periodically throughout the year to oversee the Funds' activities, review contractual arrangements with companies that provide services to the Funds and review the Funds' performance. The majority of the Trustees are otherwise not affiliated with the Funds and not "interested persons" (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Advisor, the Manager or the Funds (Non-Interested Trustees").
NON-INTERESTED TRUSTEES
Name and (Age) (1) |
Position with Fund; Length of Time Served; and Term of Office (2)
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years (3) |
Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex Overseen by Trustee |
Other Directorships Held By Trustee |
|
|
|
|
|
Robert M. Armstrong (68)
|
Trustee (1985 to present)
|
President, Alumni Career Services, Inc.; Independent financial and career consulting services |
4 |
NewPage Corporation; NewPage Holding Corporation |
John M. Bulbrook (65)
|
Trustee (1985 to present)
|
CEO and Treasurer, John M. Bulbrook Insurance Agency, Inc. |
4 |
John M. Bulbrook Insurance Agency Inc. |
Edward E. Burrows (74) |
Trustee (1985 to present)
|
Independent consulting actuary - employee benefit plans.
|
4 |
None |
11
William H. Dunlap (56) |
Trustee (October 2006 to present)
|
President, EQ Rider, Inc., equestrian clothing sales; Principal, William H. Dunlap & Company (consulting firm) |
4 |
Merrimack County Savings Bank |
Clinton S. Marshall (50) |
Trustee (April 2003 to present) |
Owner, Coastal CFO Solutions, outsource firm offering CFO solutions to businesses; CFO, Fore River Company, commercial real estate; Finance Director, Northern York County Family YMCA; CFO,Great Works Internet, voice an internet service provider; CFO, Holographix, developer and manufacturer of holographic mirrors and gratings |
4 |
Great Works Internet |
INTERESTED TRUSTEE (4) AND OFFICERS
Name and (Age) (1) |
Position with Fund; Length of Time Served; and Term of Office (2)
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years (3) |
Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex Overseen by Trustee |
Other Directorships Held By Trustee |
Leon Okurowski (64) |
Vice President, Treasurer (1985 to present) |
Director and Vice President, U.S. Boston Capital Corporation; Treasurer, Quantitative Investment Advisors, Inc.; Trustee, Quant Funds (4/17/1985 9/30/2004) |
4 |
AB&T; Everest USB Canadian Storage, Inc.; Quantitative Investment Advisors, Inc.; Sugarbush Solutions, Inc.; U.S. Boston Corporation; U.S. Boston Asset Management Corporation; MedCool, Inc., USB Corporation; USB Everest Management, LLC; USB Everest Storage LLC; USB Greenville - 86, Inc.; USB-85 Restaurant Associates, Inc.; USB Atlantic Associates, Inc.; U.S. Boston Insurance Agency, Inc.; U.S. Boston Capital Corporation
|
12
Willard L. Umphrey (66) |
Trustee, President, Chairman (1985 to present) |
Director, U.S. Boston Capital Corporation; President, Quantitative Investment Advisors, Inc. |
4 |
AB&T U.S. Boston Corporation; U.S. Boston Asset Management Corporation; Quantitative Investment Advisors, Inc.; Pear Tree Partners Management LLC; Pear Tree Royalty Company, Inc.(through 6/2005); Sugarbush Solutions, Inc.; USB Corporation; USB Greenville - 86, Inc.; USB-85 Restaurant Associates, Inc.; USB Atlantic Associates, Inc.; U.S. Boston Insurance Agency, Inc.; U.S. Boston Capital Corporation; ZaBeCor Pharmaceutical Company, LLC
|
Deborah A. Kessinger (44) |
Assistant Clerk (April 2005 to present); Chief Compliance Officer (December 2005 to present)
|
Senior Counsel (since 9/04) and Chief Compliance Officer (since 12/05), U.S. Boston Capital Corporation; Senior Counsel (since 9/2004) and Chief Compliance Officer (since 10/2006), Quantitative Investment Advisors, Inc.; Chief Compliance Officer and General Counsel, Wainwright Investment Counsel, LLC (investment management firm) (2000-2004); Compliance Attorney, Forefield, Inc. (software provider) (2001-2004) and Compliance Consultant (2007 to present)
|
N/A |
None |
Sandra I. Madden (41) |
Clerk and Chief Legal Officer (April 2008 to Present) |
Senior Counsel (since 3/2008), Quantitative Investment Advisors, Inc.; Counsel (8/2005-3/2008) MetLife Advisers LLC; Sr. Associate Counsel (1999-2005) Investors Bank & Trust Company (financial services provider). |
N/A |
None |
Notes:
|
1. |
The mailing address of each of the officers and Trustees is 55 Old Bedford Road, Lincoln, Massachusetts 01773. |
|
2. |
Each Trustee and officer holds office until his or her successor is chosen and qualified or until his or her earlier death, resignation, retirement or removal. |
|
3. |
The principal occupations of the officers and Trustees for the last five years have been with the employers shown above; although in some cases they have held different positions with such employers. |
|
4. |
Messrs. Umphrey and Okurowski are "interested persons" (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Funds, the Manager or an Advisor. They have been determined to be "Interested Trustees" by virtue of, among other things, their affiliation with one or more of the following entities: the Trust, the Trust's investment advisor, Quantitative Advisors, Inc. and the Funds' distributor, U.S. Boston Capital Corporation ("Distributor"). |
|
5. |
Mr. Okurowski is also Vice President of the Funds' Distributor, and Treasurer of the Trust's investment advisor, Quantitative Advisors. |
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2008, the annual fee paid to each Trustee was $10,000. Effective April 1, 2008, Trustee compensation will be $21,000 per annum/per Trustee, with the exception of the Chairman of the Audit Committee who is paid $24,000 per annum.
COMPENSATION TABLE
for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2008
Name of Person, Position |
Aggregate Compensation from the Trust |
Pension or Retirement Benefits Accrued As Part of Fund Expenses |
Estimated Annual Benefits Upon Retirement |
Total Compensation From the Trust and Fund Complex Paid to Trustee |
Robert M. Armstrong, Trustee
|
$10,000 |
N/A |
N/A |
$10,000 |
John M. Bulbrook, Trustee
|
$10,000 |
N/A |
N/A |
$10,000 |
13
Quantitative Investment Advisors, Inc. paid Mr. Okurowski an annual fee of $10,000 for services rendered during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2008, as an officer of the Fund.
The Trust's Agreement and Declaration of Trust provides that the Funds will indemnify their Trustees and officers against liabilities and expenses incurred in connection with the litigation in which they may be involved because of their offices with the Funds, except if it is determined in the manner specified in the Agreement and Declaration of Trust that they have not acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that their actions were in the best interests of the Funds or that such indemnification would relieve any officer or Trustee of any liability to the Funds or their shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of his or her duties. The Funds, at their expense, will provide liability insurance for the benefit of their Trustees and officers.
Messrs. Umphrey and Okurowski, as officers of the Manager and the Distributor, will benefit from the management and distribution fees paid or allowed by the Funds.
To Be Updated
At June 30, 2008, the officers and Trustees as a group owned in the aggregate 0.xx% of the outstanding Ordinary Shares of the Small Cap Fund, xx% of the outstanding Institutional Shares of the Small Cap Fund, xx% of the outstanding Ordinary Shares of the Long/Short Fund, xx% of the outstanding Institutional Shares of the Long/Short Fund,0.18% of the outstanding Ordinary Shares of the Emerging Markets Fund, xx% of the outstanding Institutional Shares of the Emerging Markets Fund, 0.12% of the outstanding Ordinary Shares of the Foreign Value Fund, and xx% of the outstanding Institutional Shares of the Foreign Value Fund. Class A shares are authorized but not offered as of the date of this SAI and no officer of Trustee owned any Class A shares.
TRUSTEE SHARE OWNERSHIP TABLE
For the Calendar Year ended December 31, 2008
Name of Trustee |
Dollar Range of Equity Securities in Small Cap Fund |
Dollar Range of Equity Securities in Long/Short Fund |
Dollar Range of Equity Securities in Emerging Markets Fund |
Dollar Range of Equity Securities in Foreign Value Fund |
Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities in Quant Fund Complex |
NON-INTERESTED TRUSTEES:
Robert M. Armstrong |
$50,001-$100,000 |
$10,001-$50,000 |
None |
None |
$50,001-$100,000
|
John M. Bulbrook |
over $100,000 |
over $100,000 |
over $100,000 |
over $100,000 |
over $100,000
|
Edward E. Burrows |
$50,001-$100,000 |
None |
None |
None |
$$50,001-$100,000
|
William H. Dunlap
|
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
Clinton S. Marshall |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
14
INTERESTED TRUSTEES:
Willard L. Umphrey |
over $100,000 |
$50,001-$100,000 |
over $100,000 |
over $100,000 |
over $100,000 |
.
COMMITTEE STRUCTURE
For the Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2008
The following table outlines the standing committees of the Trustees:
Name of Committee |
TO BE UPDATED
Functions |
Members |
Number of Meetings During Last Fiscal Year |
|
|
|
|
Audit |
To approve independent Auditors, to review Audit results, to consider compliance matters raised by the Chief Compliance Officer and to review candidates and give recommendations of new Trustees to the full Board |
Armstrong, Bulbrook, Marshall |
3 |
|
|
|
|
Pricing |
To discuss pricing anomalies as outlined in the Fund's Pricing Procedures |
Dunlap, Umphrey, Burrows |
4 |
CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF FUND SHARES
AS OF June 30, 2008
TO BE UPDATED
Each of the following persons owned 5% or more of the classes of the following Funds. Beneficial owners of 25% or more of Class are presumed to be in control of the Class for the purposes of voting on certain matters submitted to shareholders.
SMALL CAP FUND |
NAME AND ADDRESS |
% OF OUTSTANDING ORDINARY SHARES |
|
|
|
|
NATIONAL FINANCIAL SVCS CORP FOR EXCLUSIVE BENEFIT OF OUR CUSTOMERS 200 LIBERTY STREET NEW YORK, NY 10281 |
11.97 |
|
|
|
Small Cap Fund |
|
% OF OUTSTANDING INSTITUTIONAL SHARES |
|
NATIONAL FINANCIAL SVCS CORP FOR EXCLUSIVE BENEFIT OF OUR CUSTOMERS 200 LIBERTY STREET NEW YORK, NY 10281 |
23.01%* |
|
Jane's Trust UA Dated 7/1/2002 Attn: Tim Dalton c/o Hemenway and Barnes 60 State Street Boston, MA 02109 |
9.56% |
|
FTC & Co, Attn: Datalynx #00N8Z 717 17 th Street Ste 2600 Denver, Co.,80217-3736 |
8.42% |
|
U.S. Bank FBO Dickson Home Col P.O. Box 1787 Milwaukee, WI 53201 |
5.85% |
|
USB Corporation (Employee Incentive Savings Plan) 55 Old Bedford Road Lincoln, MA 01773 |
5.78%% |
|
|
Total percentage includes various personal accounts.
|
15
LONG/SHORT FUND (prior to November 1, 2006, Long/Short Fund was known as Quant Growth and Income Fund) |
NAME AND ADDRESS |
% OF OUTSTANDING INSTITUTIONAL SHARES |
|
USB Corporation (Employee Incentive Savings Plan) 55 Old Bedford Road Lincoln, MA 01773 |
59.31% |
|
LPL FINANCIAL SERVICES A/C Carol Higgins 9785 TOWNE CENTRE DRIVE SAN DIEGO CA 92121-1968 |
7.87% |
|
USB Corporation PSRP A/C Leon Okurowski Leon Okurowski TTEE 55 Old Bedford Road Lincoln, MA 01773 |
5.72% |
EMERGING MARKETS FUND |
NAME AND ADDRESS |
% OF OUTSTANDING ORDINARY SHARES |
|
NATIONAL FINANCIAL SVCS CORP FOR EXCLUSIVE BENEFIT OF OUR CUSTOMERS 200 LIBERTY STREET NEW YORK, NY 10281 |
50.43%* |
|
SCHWAB CHARLES REINV CHARLES SCHWAB & CO INC ATTN: MUTUAL FUND DEPARTMENT 101 MONTGOMERY ST SAN FRANCISCO CA 94104 |
12.08%* |
EMERGING MARKETS FUND |
|
% OF OUTSTANDING INSTITUTIONAL SHARES |
|
T. Rowe Price Retirement Plan Svcs T. Rowe Price Retirement Plan, Services Inc. FBO: Retirement Plan Clients 4515 Painters Mill Road Owings Mills, MD 21117 |
24.95%* |
|
|
*Total percentage includes various personal accounts.
|
FOREIGN VALUE FUND |
NAME AND ADDRESS |
% OF OUTSTANDING ORDINARY SHARES |
|
SCHWAB CHARLES REINV CHARLES SCHWAB & CO INC ATTN: MUTUAL FUND DEPARTMENT 101 MONTGOMERY ST SAN FRANCISCO CA 94104 |
23.59%* |
|
PRUDENTIAL INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT SERVICE FBO MUTUAL FUND CLIENTS ATTENTION PRUCHOICE UNIT GATEWAY CENTER 3 11TH FLOOR 100 MULBERRY STREET NEWARK, NJ 07102 |
21.6%* |
|
NATIONAL FINANCIAL SVCS CORP FOR EXCLUSIVE BENEFIT OF OUR CUSTOMERS 200 LIBERTY STREET NEW YORK, NY 10281 |
20.88%* |
|
|
% OF OUTSTANDING INSTITUTIONAL SHARES |
|
NATIONAL FINANCIAL SVCS CORP FOR EXCLUSIVE BENEFIT OF OUR CUSTOMERS 200 LIBERTY STREET NEW YORK, NY 10281 |
28.94%* |
16
THE MANAGER AND MANAGEMENT CONTRACT
Information on the Board of Trustees' approval of the existing Management Contract will be contained in the Funds' semi-annual report to be dated September 30, 200 8.
Each Fund employs a quantitative investment approach to selecting investments among other considerations. Each approach generally is developed as a result of research conducted by a team of individuals. The same investment strategy used to manage a particular Fund also may be used to manage separate institutional accounts maintained at the Manager or Advisor.
The Manager is an affiliate of U.S. Boston Capital Corporation, the Funds' Distributor, which is a wholly owned subsidiary of U.S. Boston Corporation. Willard L. Umphrey, CFA, President and Trustee of the Funds, Leon Okurowski, Treasurer of the Funds, individually and jointly with their spouses, together own 100% of the Manager's outstanding voting securities. Messrs. Umphrey and Okurowski also are affiliates of U.S. Boston Capital Corporation.
Under the terms of the management agreement (the "Management Contract"), the Manager may, subject to the approval of the Trustees, manage the Funds itself or, subject to the approval by the Trustees, select subadvisors (the "Advisors") to manage certain of the Funds. In the latter case, the Manager monitors the Advisors' investment program and results, reviews brokerage matters, oversees compliance by the Funds with various federal and state statutes and the Funds' own investment objectives, policies, and restrictions and carries out the directives of the Trustees. In each case, the Manager also provides the Funds with office space, office equipment, and personnel necessary to operate and administer the Funds' business, and provides general management and administrative services to the Funds, including overall supervisory responsibility for the general management and investment of the Funds' securities portfolios and for the provision of services by third parties such as the Funds' Custodian.
The Management Contract continues in force from year to year, but only so long as its continuance is approved at least annually by (i) vote, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose, of a majority of those Trustees who are not "interested persons" (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Manager or the Funds, and by (ii) either the majority vote of all the Trustees or the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of each Fund. The Management Contract automatically terminates on assignment, and is terminable on 60 days' written notice by either party.
In addition to the management fee, the Funds pay all expenses not assumed by the Manager, including, without limitation, fees and expenses of the Trustees, interest charges, taxes, brokerage commissions, expenses of issue or redemption of shares, fees and expenses of registering and qualifying the Trust and shares of the respective Funds for distribution under federal and state laws and regulations, charges of custodians, auditing and legal expenses, expenses of determining net asset value of the Funds' shares, reports to shareholders, expenses of meetings of shareholders, expenses of printing and mailing prospectuses and proxies to existing shareholders, and their proportionate share of insurance premiums and professional association dues or assessments. All general Fund expenses are allocated among and charged to the assets of the respective Funds on a basis that the Trustees deem fair and equitable, which may be based on the relative net assets of each Fund or the nature of the services performed and relative applicability to each Fund. The Funds are also responsible for such non-recurring expenses as may arise, including litigation in which the Funds may be a party, and other expenses as determined by the Trustees. The Funds may have an obligation to indemnify their officers and Trustees with respect to such litigation.
The Funds have received an exemptive order from the Commission that permits the Manager, subject to certain conditions, to enter into or amend an agreement with an Advisor (an "Advisory Contract") without obtaining shareholder approval. With Trustee approval, the Manager may employ a new Advisor for a Fund, change the terms of the Advisory Contracts, or enter into new Advisory Contracts with the Advisors. The Manager retains ultimate responsibility to oversee the Advisors and to recommend their hiring, termination, and replacement. Shareholders of a Fund continue to have the right to terminate the Advisory Contract applicable to that Fund at any time by a vote of the majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund. Shareholders will be notified of any Advisor changes or other material amendments to an Advisory Contract that occurs under these arrangements.
17
As compensation for services rendered, each Fund pays the Manager a monthly management fee at the annual rate of: 1.00% of the average daily net assets. On November 1, 2006, the annual rate of the management fee for Long/Short Fund (prior to November 1, 2006 known as Quant Growth and Income Fund) increased from 0.75%to 1.00% of the average daily net assets of this Fund.
The Manager received fees for services rendered for the three most recently ended fiscal years as follows:
1 It was not necessary for the Manager to rebate any such fees to comply with its contractual undertaking to assume certain expenses of the Small Cap Fund and the Long/Short Fund (prior to November 1, 2006, Long/Short Fund was known as Quant Growth and Income Fund), in excess of 2.00% of such Fund's average net assets, respectively, of such Funds' average net assets. As of November 1, 2006, the Manager is no longer contractually obligated to assume certain expenses of Quant Long/Short Fund.
ADVISORY CONTRACTS
Information on the Board of Trustees' approval of the Small Cap Fund, Emerging Markets Fund, Foreign Value Fund and Foreign Value Small Cap Fund Advisory Contracts will be contained in the Funds' semi-annual report to be dated September 30, 2008. Information on the Board of Trustees' approval of the Long/Short Fund Advisory Contract is contained in the Funds' annual report to shareholders dated March 31, 2008.
Pursuant to an Advisory Contract with the Manager, the Advisor to a Fund furnishes continuously an investment program for the Fund, makes investment decisions on behalf of the Fund, places all orders for the purchase and sale of portfolio investments for the Fund's account with brokers or dealers selected by such Advisor and may perform certain limited, related administrative functions in connection therewith.
Each Advisory Contract provides that it will continue in force for two years from its date, and from year to year thereafter, but only so long as its continuance is approved at least annually by (i) vote, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose, of a majority of those Trustees who are not "interested persons" (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Advisor, the Manager or the Funds, and by (ii) either the majority vote of all of the Trustees or the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of each Fund to which it relates. Each Advisory Contract may be terminated without penalty with respect to any Fund by vote of the Trustees or the shareholders of that Fund, or by the Manager on not less than 30 nor more than 60 days' written notice or by the particular Advisor on not less than 30 nor more than 60 days', or no less than 150 days' written notice, depending on the Fund. Each Advisory Contract may be amended with respect to any Fund without a vote of the shareholders of that Fund. Each Advisory Contract also terminates without payment of any penalty in the event of its assignment and in the event that for any reason the Management Contract between the Funds and the Manager terminates generally or terminates with respect to that particular Fund.
Each Advisory Contract provides that the Advisor shall not be subject to any liability to the Funds or to the Manager or to any shareholder of the Funds for any act or omission in the course of or connected with the rendering of services thereunder in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of its duties on the part of the Advisor.
For services rendered, the Manager pays to the Advisor of a fund a fee based on a percentage of the average daily net asset value of the Fund. The fee for each fund is determined separately. The fees paid by the Manager to the Advisors of the Funds are as follows: Small Cap Fund - 0.50% of average daily total net assets; Long/Short Fund 0.45% of the first $100 million and 0.40% of amounts in excess of $100 million of the average daily total net assets. Prior to January 2, 2008, the fee paid by the Manager to the former advisor of the Long/Short Fund was equal to 0.50% of the first $20 million and 0.35% of amounts in excess of $20 million of average daily total net assets, with an annual minimum of $25,000; prior to November 1, 2006, Long/Short Fund was known as Quant Growth and Income Fund and fees paid to the Advisor of this Fund were 0.375% of the first $20 million and 0.300% of amounts in excess of $20 million of average daily total net assets, with an annual minimum of $25,000; Foreign Value Fund - (i) 0.35% of the aggregate average daily net asset value of the Fund for assets in the Fund up to $35 million (ii) 0.40% of the aggregate average daily net asset value of the Fund for assets in the Fund over $35 million and up to $200 million and (iii) 0.50% of the aggregate average daily net asset value of the Fund for assets over $200 million;
18
Emerging Markets Fund - 0.40% of average daily total net assets; and Foreign Value Small Cap Fund (i) 0.35% of the aggregate average daily net asset value of the Fund for assets in the Fund up to $35 million (ii) 0.40% of the aggregate average daily net asset value of the Fund for assets in the Fund over $35 million and up to $200 million and (iii) 0.50% of the aggregate average daily net asset value of the Fund for assets over $200 million.
For services rendered for the three most recently ended fiscal years, the applicable Advisor received fees of, as follows:
|
Fiscal Years Ended March 31, |
|||
Quant Fund |
|
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
Small Cap |
|
$483,290 |
$581,878 |
|
Long/Short 1 |
|
$176,677 |
$236,658 |
|
Emerging Markets |
|
$355,002 |
$768,828 |
|
Foreign Value |
|
$1,291,709 |
$2,813,204 |
|
Foreign Value Small Cap 2 |
|
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
1 Prior to November 1, 2006, the Fund's name was Quant Growth and Income Fund. On November 1, 2006, the management fee for Long/Short Fund increased to an annual rate of 1.00% from 0.75% of the average daily net assets of this Fund.
2 The Foreign Value Small Cap Fund commenced operations on May 1, 2008. |
ADVISORS
Quant Small Cap Fund
Columbia Partners, LLC, Investment Management, 5425 Wisconsin Avenue, Suite 700, Chevy Chase, MD 20815 serves as Advisor to the Small Cap Fund. As of March 31, 2008, the firm had approximately [$2.6 billion in assets] under management for individual, pension plan and endowment accounts and other institutional accounts.
Quant Long/Short Fund
Analytic Investors, LLC ("Analytic"), 555 West Fifth Street, 50 th Floor, Los Angeles, CA 90013, serves as the Advisor to the Long/Short Fund. Analytic is a subsidiary of Old Mutual plc, a multi-national financial services firm. Analytic had approximately [$11.7 billion of assets] under management as of March 31, 2008. Prior to January 2, 2008, SSgA Funds Management, Inc. (and its predecessor entity) had managed the Long/Short Fund since its inception.
Quant Emerging Markets Fund
PanAgora Asset Management, Inc, 260 Franklin Street, Boston, MA 02110 ("PanAgora") serves as Advisor to the Emerging Markets Fund. As of March 31, 2008, the firm had over [$22.6 billion in assets] under management in portfolios of institutional pension and endowment funds, among others. Putnam Investments LLC, an investment advisor which is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc., is a majority owner and thus a control person of PanAgora.
Quant Foreign Value Fund and Quant Foreign Value Small Cap Fund
Polaris Capital Management, LLC. ("Polaris"), 125 Summer Street, Boston, MA 02110 ("Polaris") serves as Advisor to the Foreign Value Fund. As of March 31, 2008, the firm had over [$3.2 billion] under management for institutional clients and wealthy individuals. Bernard R. Horn, Jr. is the owner of 100% of the outstanding shares of Polaris and is thus a control person of Polaris.
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
The portfolio managers for each Fund are listed below.
In some instances a portfolio manager manages other investment companies and/or investment accounts in addition to the Quant Fund for which he or she serves as portfolio manager. The following tables show, as of the Funds' most recent fiscal year end March 31, 2008, the number of accounts each portfolio manager managed in each of the listed categories and the total assets in the accounts managed within each category. The table also shows the number of accounts with respect to which the advisory fee is based on the performance of the account, if any, and the total assets in those accounts.
Quant Small Cap Fund (as of March 31, 2008) |
To Be Updated |
19
Portfolio Manager: Robert A. von Pentz (Columbia) |
Category |
Number of All Accounts |
Total Assets of All Accounts |
Number of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
Total Assets of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
|
Registered Investment Companies |
0 |
N/A |
0 |
N/A |
|
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
N/A |
0 |
N/A |
|
Other Accounts |
101 |
$1.271 billion |
1 |
$61 million |
Portfolio Manager: Rhys Williams (Columbia) |
Category |
Number of All Accounts |
Total Assets of All Accounts |
Number of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
Total Assets of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
|
Registered Investment Companies |
0 |
N/A |
0 |
N/A |
|
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
1 |
$142 million |
1 |
$142 million |
|
Other Accounts |
76 |
$862 million |
2 |
$111 million |
Portfolio Manager: Gráinne Coen (Columbia) |
Category |
Number of All Accounts |
Total Assets of All Accounts* |
Number of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
Total Assets of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
|
Registered Investment Companies |
0 |
N/A |
0 |
N/A |
|
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
1 |
$142 million |
1 |
$142 million |
|
Other Accounts |
76 |
$862 million |
2 |
$111 million |
Portfolio Manager: Matt Williams (Columbia) |
Category |
Number of All Accounts |
Total Assets of All Accounts* |
Number of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
Total Assets of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
|
Registered Investment Companies |
0 |
N/A |
0 |
N/A |
|
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
1 |
$142 million |
1 |
$142 million |
|
Other Accounts |
76 |
$862 million |
2 |
$111 million |
Portfolio Manager: Dan Goldstein (Columbia) |
Category |
Number of All Accounts |
Total Assets of All Accounts* |
Number of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
Total Assets of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
|
Registered Investment Companies |
0 |
N/A |
0 |
N/A |
|
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
N/A |
0 |
N/A |
|
Other Accounts |
85 |
$909 million |
1 |
$61 million |
Portfolio Manager: Mark Tindall(Columbia) |
Category |
Number of All Accounts |
Total Assets of All Accounts* |
Number of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
Total Assets of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
|
Registered Investment Companies |
0 |
N/A |
0 |
N/A |
20
|
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
N/A |
0 |
N/A |
|
Other Accounts |
91 |
$1.163 billion |
1 |
$61 million |
Quant Long/Short Fund (as of March 31, 2008)
Portfolio Manager: Harindra de Silva |
Category |
Number of All Accounts |
Total Assets of All Accounts* |
Number of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
Total Assets of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
|
Registered Investment Companies |
21 |
$4.81 billion |
0 |
N/A |
|
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
27 |
$2.39 billion |
20 |
$1.59 billion |
|
Other Accounts |
32 |
$4.21 billion |
14 |
$2.05 billion |
Portfolio Manager: Dennis Bein |
Category |
Number of All Accounts |
Total Assets of All Accounts* |
Number of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
Total Assets of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
|
Registered Investment Companies |
20 |
$4.65 billion |
0 |
N/A |
|
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
27 |
$2.26 billion |
19 |
$1.46 billion |
|
Other Accounts |
33 |
$3.36 billion |
13 |
$1.25 billion |
Portfolio Manager: Steve Sapra |
Category |
Number of All Accounts |
Total Assets of All Accounts* |
Number of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
Total Assets of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
|
Registered Investment Companies |
15 |
$4.17 billion |
0 |
N/A |
|
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
17 |
$1.38 billion |
11 |
$668.4 million |
|
Other Accounts |
28 |
$2.85 billion |
8 |
$745.5 million |
|
* |
For registered investment companies, assets represent net assets of all open-end investment companies and gross assets of all closed-end investment companies. |
Quant Emerging Markets Fund (as of March 31, 2008)
Portfolio Manager: David P. Nolan (PanAgora) |
Category |
Number of All Accounts |
Total Assets of All Accounts* |
Number of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
Total Assets of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
|
Registered Investment Companies |
0 |
N/A |
0 |
N/A |
|
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
N/A |
0 |
N/A |
|
Other Accounts |
4 |
$550 million |
0 |
N/A |
Portfolio Manager: Richard T. Wilk (PanAgora) |
Category |
Number of All Accounts |
Total Assets of All Accounts* |
Number of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
Total Assets of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
|
Registered Investment Companies |
1 |
$9 million |
0 |
N/A |
21
|
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
5 |
$368 million |
0 |
N/A |
|
Other Accounts |
20 |
$3.8 billion |
0 |
N/A |
Portfolio Manager: Samantha R. Louis (PanAgora) |
Category |
Number of All Accounts |
Total Assets of All Accounts* |
Number of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
Total Assets of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
|
Registered Investment Companies |
1 |
$9 million |
0 |
N/A |
|
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
5 |
$368 million |
0 |
N/A |
|
Other Accounts |
20 |
$3.8 billion |
0 |
N/A |
Quant Foreign Value Fund (as of March 31, 2008)
Portfolio Manager: Bernard R. Horn, Jr. (Polaris) |
Category |
Number of All Accounts |
Total Assets of All Accounts* |
Number of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
Total Assets of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
|
Registered Investment Companies |
2 |
$1 billion |
0 |
N/A |
|
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
11 |
$604 million |
0 |
N/A |
|
Other Accounts |
23 |
$923 million |
0 |
N/A |
Portfolio Manager: Sumanta Biswas (Polaris) |
Category |
Number of All Accounts |
Total Assets of All Accounts* |
Number of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
Total Assets of Accounts Paying a Performance Fee |
|
Registered Investment Companies |
2 |
$1 billion |
0 |
N/A |
|
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
11 |
$604million |
0 |
N/A |
|
Other Accounts |
23 |
$923 million |
0 |
N/A |
* For registered investment companies, assets represent net assets of all open-end investment companies and gross assets of all closed-end investment companies.
The following table shows the dollar range of shares of a Fund that were beneficially owned by each portfolio manager as of the Fund's most recent fiscal year most recently ended.
Quant Fund and Portfolio Manager |
Dollar Range of Equity Securities Owned |
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Small Cap |
$0 - $10,000 |
$10,001 - $50,000 |
$50,001 - $100,000 |
$100,001 - $500,000 |
$100,001 - $500,000 |
Over $500,000 |
Robert A. von Pentz |
None |
|
|
|
|
|
Rhys Williams |
None |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long/Short |
$0 - $10,000 |
$10,001 - $50,000 |
$50,001 - $100,000 |
$100,001 - $500,000 |
$100,001 - $500,000 |
Over $500,000 |
22
All Portfolio Managers on Team (Analytic)* |
None |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Emerging Markets |
$0 - $10,000 |
$10,001 - $50,000 |
$50,001 - $100,000 |
$100,001 - $500,000 |
$100,001 - $500,000 |
Over $500,000 |
David P. Nolan (PanAgora) |
None |
|
|
|
|
|
Samantha R Louis (PanAgora) |
None |
|
|
|
|
|
Richard T. Wilk (PanAgora) |
|
X |
|
|
|
|
Foreign Value |
$0 - $10,000 |
$10,001 - $50,000 |
$50,001 - $100,000 |
$100,001 - $500,000 |
$100,001 - $500,000 |
Over $500,000 |
Bernard R. Horn, Jr. (Polaris) |
|
|
|
|
X |
|
* Team includes Harindra de Silva, Dennis Bein and Steve Sapra.
It is possible that conflicts of interest may arise in connection with the portfolio managers' management of a Fund's investments on the one hand and the investments of other accounts for which the portfolio manager is responsible on the other. For example, a portfolio manager may have conflicts of interest in allocating management time, resources and investment opportunities among the Portfolio and other accounts he or she advises. In addition, due to differences in the investment strategies or restrictions between a Portfolio and the other accounts, a portfolio manager may take action with respect to another account that differs from the action taken with respect to the Portfolio. In some cases, another account managed by a portfolio manager may compensate the investment adviser based on the performance of the securities held by that account. The existence of such a performance based fee may create additional conflicts of interest for the portfolio manager in the allocation of management time, resources and investment opportunities. Whenever conflicts of interest arise, the portfolio manager will endeavor to exercise his or her discretion in a manner that he or she believes is equitable to all interested persons.
Columbia Compensation Structure and Method Used to Determine Compensation: The portfolio managers are compensated with a base salary, bonus, and dividends from their ownership of Columbia. The base salary is fixed. The bonus is based on a formula which takes into account the revenues generated by each product category (based upon a fixed percentage of any applicable management fees received) and by the relative performance vs. comparable peer group managers as reported by SPARS (by FACTSET). Mr. Williams manages certain hedged assets, including the Victor Equity Fund, all of which are eligible for performance fees as well as management fees, from which he receives a fixed percentage of any fees paid to Columbia. In addition, both receive income distributions based on a fixed formula of the profitability of Columbia in proportion to their ownership. Overall compensation is structured to reward employees for their individual and company accomplishments based on investment performance, effectiveness, and client satisfaction.
Analytic Compensation Structure and Method Used to Determine Compensation: Analytic's compensation structure for professional employees consists of an industry median base salary (based on independent industry information) and an annual discretionary bonus. Bonus amounts are determined using the following factors: the overall success of Analytic in terms of profitability; the overall success of the department or team; and an individual's contribution to the team, based on goals established during the performance period. Compensation based on investment strategy performance is not tied to individual account performance, but rather to each strategy as a whole. Strategy performance information is based on pre-tax calculations for the prior calendar year. No portfolio manager is directly compensated a portion of an advisory fee based on the performance of a specific account. Members of Analytic's senior management team and investment management professionals may also have a deferred component to their total compensation (with a three-year vesting period) that is invested in Analytic's investment products to tie the interests of the individual to the interests of Analytic and Analytic's clients. Portfolio managers' base salaries are typically reviewed on an annual basis determined by each portfolio manager's anniversary date of employment. Discretionary bonuses are determined annually, upon analysis of information from the prior calendar year.
PanAgora Compensation Structure and Method Used to Determine Compensation: Portfolio managers at PanAgora Asset Management, Inc. for Emerging Markets Fund receive a fixed base salary. Discretionary bonuses are based on total firm performance as well as individual employee objectives which may include investment performance as measured against the performance of the S&P 500 Index, the Russell 2000 Index, the MSCI EM Index and the MSCI EAFE and each portfolio manager's role in raising or retaining assets. PanAgora Asset Management, Inc. may consider sharing a portion of a performance fee, if applicable received with the management team.
23
Polaris Compensation Structure and Method Used to Determine Compensation: All cash flow earned by the firm is distributed to personnel annually in the form of a salary, bonus, retirement plan contribution or equity compensation. Cash flow of the firm is a direct function of the size of assets under management. At the senior level, bonus ranges from 0% to unlimited upside since base salary is kept at a minimum. The typical bonus range is more than 75% of base. At the junior level the bonus currently represents 0 50% of base. Overall compensation is based on annual firm profits which are a function of assets under management, and therefore, performance. There is no formal split between specific performance targets and subjective criteria .
BOARD APPROVAL OF THE EXISTING MANAGER AND ADVISORY CONTRACTS
The Board of Trustees, including at least a majority of the Non-Interested Trustees, is required under the 1940 Act to approve the Management and Advisory contracts on an annual basis. In this regard, the Management and Advisory contracts of the Funds are reviewed each year by the Board of Trustees to determine whether the contracts should be renewed for an additional one-year period. Renewal of the contracts requires the majority vote of the Board of Trustees, including a majority of the non-Interested Trustees. The Board of Trustees includes a majority of Non-Interested Trustees. The Management and Advisory contracts were last approved by the Board of Trustees at a meeting on April 24, 2007 in accordance with the requirements of the 1940 Act. Information on the Board of Trustees' April 2007 approval of the existing Advisory Contracts will be contained in the Funds' semi-annual report to be dated September 30, 2007.
DISTRIBUTOR AND DISTRIBUTION PLAN
Distributor. U.S. Boston Capital Corporation, 55 Old Bedford Road, Lincoln, MA 01773 ("Distributor"), a Massachusetts corporation organized April 23, 1970, is a broker-dealer registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and a member of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. The Distributor is an affiliated person of the Funds' Manager by virtue of being under common ownership with the Manager. The Distributor acts as the principal distributor of the Funds' shares pursuant to a written agreement dated April 17, 1985 ("Distribution Agreement"), as amended from time to time. Under the Distribution Agreement, the Distributor is not obligated to sell any specific amount of shares of the Funds and will purchase shares for resale only against orders for shares. The Distribution Agreement calls for the Distributor to use its best efforts to secure purchasers for shares of the Funds.
Distribution Plan. To permit the Funds to pay a monthly fee to the Distributor, the Funds have adopted a distribution plan (the "Plan") on behalf of their Ordinary Shares pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act to pay for the marketing and distribution of each Fund's Ordinary Shares including all expenses of preparing, printing and distributing advertising and sales literature and for services provided to shareholders of the each Fund's Ordinary shares. The fee is not directly tied to the Distributor's expenses. If expenses exceed the Distributor's fees, the Funds are not required to reimburse the Distributor for excess expenses; if the Distributor's fees exceed the expenses of distribution, the Distributor may realize a profit.
Each Quant Fund pays the Distributor a monthly fee at the annual rate set forth in the table below of its respective Ordinary Shares held in shareholder accounts opened during the period the Plan is in effect, as determined at the close of each business day during the month.
|
Annual 12b-1 Fee Rate as a Percent of Average Daily Net Assets Attributable to the Class |
Quant Fund |
Ordinary Shares |
|
Small Cap |
0.25% 1 |
|
Long/Short |
0.25% 1 |
|
Emerging Markets |
0.25% 1 |
|
Foreign Value |
0.25% |
|
1 As of February 1, 2008, the Distribution Agreement and Distribution Plan were amended to contractually reduce the annual 12b-1 fee rate from 0.50% to 0.25% for Ordinary Shares of Small Cap Fund, Long/Short Fund and Emerging Markets Fund.
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2008, the Funds' paid to the Distributor fees pursuant to the Plan as follows:
Quant Fund |
Ordinary Shares |
|
Small Cap |
$ |
|
Long/Short 1 |
$ |
|
Emerging Markets |
$ |
|
Foreign Value |
$ |
|
24
1 Prior to November 1, 2006, the Fund's name was Quant Growth and Income Fund.
Rule 12b-1 provides that any payments made by an investment company to a distributor must be made pursuant to a written plan describing all material aspects of the proposed financing of distributions and that all agreements with any person relating to implementation of the plan must be in writing. Continuance of the Plan and the Distribution Agreement is subject to annual approval by a vote of the Trustees, including a majority of the Trustees who are not "interested persons" of the Fund and have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the plan or related agreements ("Qualified Trustees"), cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose. The Plan may be terminated as to a Fund by the vote of a majority of the Qualified Trustees, or by the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund. All material amendments to the Plan must be approved by the Qualified Trustees and any amendment to increase materially the amount to be spent pursuant to the Plan must be approved by the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund. The Trustees of the Funds review quarterly a written report of the amounts so expended and the purposes for which such expenditures were made. The Plans also terminate automatically upon assignment.
Ordinary Shares - Deferred Sales Charges. The Distributor also receives the deferred sales charges withheld from redemption proceeds, see HOW TO REDEEM, and may benefit from its temporary holding of investors' funds in connection with certain purchases and redemptions of shares of the Funds.
|
Deferred Sales Charges Paid
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2008 |
|||
Quant Fund |
|
U.S. Boston Capital Corporation |
Other dealers |
Total |
Small Cap |
|
$ |
$ |
$ |
Long/Short |
|
$ |
$ |
$ |
Emerging Markets |
|
$ |
$ |
$ |
Foreign Value |
|
$ |
$ |
$ |
Total |
|
|
|
|
Marketing and Intermediary Support Payments
In addition to payments made by the Funds to the Distributor under the Plan, to support distribution and servicing efforts, the Funds' Manager may make payments to the Funds' Distributor out of its own assets (and not the Funds').
In this regard, the Manager currently pays the Distributor a monthly fee at the annual rate of up to (1) 0.30% of the average net asset value of Institutional Shares of each Fund held by shareholder accounts for which certain employee sales agents of the Distributor are named as broker-of-record, (2) 0.25% of the average net asset value of Ordinary Shares of the Foreign Value Fund held by shareholder accounts for which certain such employee sales agents of the Distributor are named as broker-of-record, (3) 0.25% of the average net asset value of Ordinary Shares of the Emerging Markets Fund held by shareholder accounts for which certain such employee sales agents of the Distributor are named as broker-of-record, and (4) ) 0.25% of the average net asset value of Ordinary Shares of the Small Cap Fund held by shareholder accounts for which certain such employee sales agents of the Distributor are named as broker-of-record.
The Manager may also pay additional amounts to the Distributor to help defray the expenses of the Distributor. The Manager also maintains the discretion to pay fees out of its own assets to unaffiliated brokers in excess of the amount paid out to such brokers by the Distributor pursuant to the Plan as a condition of such unaffiliated brokers agreeing to sell shares of the Funds. In this regard, the Manager has established arrangements for the Funds to be included on platforms or "supermarkets" sponsored by a number of unaffiliated brokers. Participation in these systems generally involves fixed set-up fees and ongoing fees based upon the higher of either a percentage of assets (up to 0.40% under certain current arrangements) in the subject Fund(s) maintained through the platform or a flat fee. Such fees are first paid out of fees received by the Distributor pursuant to the Plan, to the extent applicable to a class of the Fund, and any remainder is paid by the Manager out of its own assets (and not the Funds').
Additional Payments to Financial Intermediaries
The financial intermediaries through which shares are purchased may receive all or a portion of the sales charges and Rule 12b-1 fees discussed above. In addition to those payments, the Manager or one or more of its affiliates (collectively, "Quant Affiliates") may make additional payments to financial intermediaries in connection with the promotion and sale of shares of Quant Funds.
Quant Affiliates make these payments from their own resources (and not out of the assets of the Funds), which include resources that derive from compensation for providing services to the Quant Funds. Such additional payments are not
25
reflected in and do not change the expenses paid by investors for the purchase of a share of a Fund as set forth in the "Fees and Expenses" table in the Prospectus. These additional payments are described below. The Funds, the Manager and the Advisors do not consider an intermediary's sales of Fund shares as a factor when choosing brokers or dealers to effect portfolio transactions for the Funds.
The categories described below are not mutually exclusive. The same financial intermediary may receive payments under more than one or all categories. Many financial intermediaries that sell shares of Quant Funds receive one or more types of these payments. The financial intermediary typically initiates requests for additional compensation. A Quant Affiliate negotiates these arrangements individually with financial intermediaries and the amount of payments and the specific arrangements may differ significantly. A financial intermediary also may receive different levels of compensation with respect to sales or assets attributable to different types of clients of the same intermediary or different Quant Funds. Where services are provided, the costs of providing the services and the overall array of services provided may vary from one financial intermediary to another. Quant Affiliates do not make an independent assessment of the cost of providing such services. While the financial intermediaries may request additional compensation from the Manager to offset costs incurred by the financial intermediary in servicing its clients, the financial intermediary may earn a profit on these payments, since the amount of the payment may exceed the financial intermediary's costs. In this context, "financial intermediary" includes any broker, dealer, bank (including bank trust departments), insurance company, transfer agent, registered investment adviser, financial planner, retirement plan administrator and any other financial intermediary having a selling, administrative, shareholder servicing or similar agreement with a Quant Affiliate.
A financial intermediary's receipt of additional compensation may create conflicts of interest between the financial intermediary and its clients. Each type of payment discussed below may provide your financial intermediary with an economic incentive to actively promote the Quant Funds over other mutual funds or cooperate with the distributor's promotional efforts. The receipt of additional compensation for Quant Affiliates may be an important consideration in a financial intermediary's willingness to support the sale of the Quant Funds through the financial intermediary's distribution system. Quant Affiliates are motivated to make the payments described above since they promote the sale of Quant Fund shares and the retention of those investments by clients of financial intermediaries. In certain cases these payments could be significant to the financial intermediary. The financial intermediary may charge additional fees or commissions other than those disclosed in the prospectus. Financial intermediaries may categorize and disclose these arrangements differently than Quant Affiliates do. To the extent financial intermediaries sell more shares of the funds or retain shares of the funds in their clients' accounts, Quant Affiliates benefit from the incremental management and other fees paid to Quant Affiliates by the funds with respect to those assets.
Revenue Sharing Payments. Quant Affiliates make revenue sharing payments as incentives to certain financial intermediaries to promote and sell shares of Quant Funds. The benefits Quant Affiliates receive when they make these payments include, among other things, entry into or increased visibility in the financial intermediary's sales system, participation by the intermediary in the distributor's marketing efforts (such as helping facilitate or providing financial assistance for conferences, seminars or other programs at which a Quant Affiliate's personnel may make presentations on the funds to the intermediary's sales force), placement on the financial intermediary's preferred fund list, and access (in some cases, on a preferential basis over other competitors) to individual members of the financial intermediary's sales force or management. Revenue sharing payments are sometimes referred to as "shelf space" payments because the payments compensate the financial intermediary for including Quant Funds in its fund sales system (on its "shelf space"). Quant Affiliates compensate financial intermediaries differently depending typically on the level and/or type of considerations provided by the financial intermediary.
The revenue sharing payments Quant Affiliates make may be calculated on the average daily net assets of the applicable Quant Funds attributable to that particular financial intermediary ("Asset-Based Payments"); although there is no policy limiting the amount of Asset-Based Payments any one financial intermediary may receive, the total amount of such payments normally do not exceed 0.15% per annum of those assets. Such payments also may be calculated on sales of shares of Quant Funds ("Sales-Based Payments"); although there is no policy limiting the amount of Sales-Based Payments any one financial intermediary may receive, the total amount of such payments normally do not exceed 0.25% per annum of those assets. Sales-Based Payments primarily create incentives to make new sales of shares of Quant Funds and Asset-Based Payments primarily create incentives to retain previously sold shares of Quant Funds in investor accounts. Quant Affiliates may pay a financial intermediary either or both Sales-Based Payments and Asset-Based Payments.
Administrative and Processing Support Payments. Quant Affiliates also may make payments to certain financial intermediaries that sell Quant Fund shares for certain administrative services, including record keeping and sub-accounting shareholder accounts, to the extent that the funds do not pay for these costs directly. Quant Affiliates also may make payments to certain financial intermediaries that sell Quant Fund shares in connection with client account maintenance support, statement preparation and transaction processing. The types of payments that Quant Affiliates may make under this category include, among others, payment of ticket charges per purchase or exchange order placed by a financial intermediary,
26
payment of networking fees in connection with certain mutual fund trading systems, or one-time payments for ancillary services such as setting up funds on a financial intermediary's mutual fund trading system.
Other Payments. From time to time, Quant Affiliates, at their expense, may provide additional compensation to financial intermediaries which sell or arrange for the sale of shares of the Quant Funds. Such compensation provided by Quant Affiliates may include financial assistance to financial intermediaries that enable Quant Affiliates to participate in and/or present at conferences or seminars, sales or training programs for invited registered representatives and other employees, client entertainment, client and investor events, and other financial intermediary-sponsored events, and travel expenses, including lodging incurred by registered representatives and other employees in connection with client prospecting, retention and due diligence trips. Other compensation may be offered to the extent not prohibited by federal or state laws or any self-regulatory agency, such as the NASD. Quant Affiliates make payments for entertainment events they deem appropriate, subject to Quant Affiliates' guidelines and applicable law. These payments may vary depending upon the nature of the event or the relationship.
As of July 30, 2008, the Manager anticipates that the following financial intermediaries or their affiliates will receive additional payments as described in the Quant Fund's prospectuses and statement of additional information:
To Be Updated
A.G. Edwards
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
Datalynx/First Trust/Fiserv
E*Trade
Fidelity Institutional Operations Co.
Invesmart Securities, LLC
MSCS/MG Trust
National Financial Services LLC
National Investor Services Corp.
NY Life/Fiserv
Pershing LLC
Prudential (Wachovia)
TD Ameritrade
The Retirement Plan Company /GoldK
Trust Company of America
UBS Financial Services
Vertical Management
Wilmington Trust
Please contact your financial intermediary for details about any payments it receives from Quant Affiliates or the Quant Funds, as well as about fees and/or commissions it charges.
CUSTODIAN
State Street - Kansas City ("Custodian") is the custodian of each Fund's securities and cash. The Custodian's responsibilities include safekeeping and controlling the Funds' cash and securities, handling the receipt and delivery of securities, determining income and collecting interest and dividends on the Funds' investments, maintaining books of original entry for portfolio and fund accounting and other required books and accounts, and calculating the daily net asset value of each class of shares of the Funds. The Custodian does not determine the investment policies of the Funds or decide which securities the Funds will buy or sell. The Funds may, however, invest in securities of the Custodian and may deal with the Custodian as principal in securities transactions. Custodial services are performed at the Custodian's office at 801 Pennsylvania Ave., Kansas City, MO 64105.
TRANSFER AGENT
Quantitative Institutional Services ("Transfer Agent"), a division of the Manager, is the transfer agent and dividend disbursing agent for each of the Funds. Account balances and other shareholder inquiries can be directed to the Transfer Agent at 800-326-2151. For its services, the Transfer Agent received a base fee of 0.16% of average total net asset value of each class of shares of the Funds. The Transfer Agent is also reimbursed for out of pocket expenses and for other services approved by the Trustees.
All mutual fund transfer, dividend disbursing and shareholder services activities are performed at the offices of Quantitative Institutional Services, 55 Old Bedford Road, Lincoln, Massachusetts 01773. In certain instances, other intermediaries may
27
perform some or all of the transaction processing, recordkeeping or shareholder services which would otherwise be provided by Transfer Agent. Transfer Agent or its affiliates may make payments, out of their own assets, to intermediaries, including those that sell shares of the Funds, for transaction processing, recordkeeping or shareholder services (up to 0.25% under certain current arrangements).
For example, Fund shares may be owned by certain intermediaries for the benefit of their customers. Because the Transfer Agent often does not maintain Fund accounts for shareholders in those instances, some or all of the recordkeeping services for these accounts may be performed by intermediaries. In addition, retirement plans may hold Fund shares in the name of the plan, rather than in the name of the participant. Plan record keepers, who may have affiliated financial intermediaries who sell shares of the Funds, may, at the discretion of a retirement plan's named fiduciary or administrator, be paid for providing services that would otherwise have been performed by Transfer Agent or an affiliate. Payments may also be made to plan trustees to defray plan expenses or otherwise for the benefit of plan participants and beneficiaries. For certain types of tax-exempt plans, payments may be made to a plan custodian or other entity which holds plan assets. Payments may also be made to offset charges for certain services such as plan participant communications, provided by Transfer Agent or an affiliate or by an unaffiliated third party.
Further, subject to the approval of the Trustees, the Transfer Agent or the Fund may from time to time appoint a sub-transfer agent for the receipt of purchase and sale orders and funds from certain investors.
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
On September 14, 2007, the audit committee of the Trust and the full Board approved, Tait, Weller & Baker LLP, 1818 Market Street, Suite 2400, Philadelphia, PA 19103, as the independent registered public accounting firm for each Fund. The independent registered public accounting firm conducts an annual audit of the Funds' financial statements, assists in the preparation of federal and state income tax returns and consults with the Funds as to matters of accounting and federal and state income taxation.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS
INVESTMENT DECISIONS. Investment decisions for a Fund and for other investment advisory clients of the Manager or that Fund's Advisor or its affiliates are made with a view to achieving their respective investment objectives. Investment decisions are the product of many factors in addition to basic suitability for the particular client involved. Thus, a particular security may be bought or sold for certain clients even though it could have been bought or sold for other clients at the same time. Likewise, a particular security may be bought for one or more clients when one or more other clients are selling the security. In some instances, one client may sell a particular security to another client. It also happens that two or more clients simultaneously buy or sell the same security, in which event each day's transactions in such security are, insofar as possible, allocated between such clients in a manner designed to be equitable to each, taking into account among other things the amount being purchased or sold by each. There may be circumstances when purchases or sales of portfolio securities for one or more clients will have an adverse effect on other clients.
BROKERAGE AND RESEARCH SERVICES. Transactions on stock exchanges and other agency transactions involve the payment by the Funds of negotiated brokerage commissions. Such commissions vary among different brokers. Also, a particular broker may charge different commissions according to such factors as the difficulty and size of the transaction. There is generally no stated commission in the case of securities traded in the over-the-counter markets, but the price paid by the Funds usually includes an undisclosed dealer commission or mark-up. In underwritten offerings, the price paid includes a disclosed, fixed commission or discount retained by the underwriter or dealer.
All orders for the purchase and sale of portfolio securities for each Fund are placed, and securities for the Fund bought and sold, through a number of brokers and dealers. In so doing, the Manager or Advisor uses its best efforts to obtain for the Fund the most favorable price and execution available, except to the extent that it may be permitted to pay higher brokerage commissions as described below. In seeking the most favorable price and execution, the Manager or Advisor, having in mind the Fund's best interests, considers all factors it deems relevant, including, by way of illustration, price, the size of the transaction, the nature of the market for the security, the amount of commission, the timing of the transaction taking into account market prices and trends, the reputation, experience and financial stability of the broker-dealer involved and the quality of service rendered by the broker-dealer in other transactions.
It has for many years been common practice in the investment advisory business for advisers of investment companies and other institutional investors to receive research, statistical and quotation services from broker-dealers which execute portfolio transactions for the clients of such advisers. Consistent with this practice, the Advisors and the Manager may receive research, statistical and quotation services from certain broker-dealers with which the Manager or Advisors place the Funds' portfolio transactions. These services, which in some instances may also be purchased for cash, include such matters as general economic and securities market reviews, industry and company reviews, evaluations of securities and
28
recommendations as to the purchase and sale of securities. Some of these services are of value to the Advisors or the Manager in advising various of their clients (including the Funds), although not all of these services are necessarily useful and of value in advising the Funds. The fees paid to the Advisors by the Manager or paid to the Manager by the Funds are not reduced because the Advisors or the Manager receive such services.
As permitted by Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and by the Advisory Contracts, the Manager or Advisors may cause the Funds to pay a broker-dealer which provides "brokerage and research services" (as defined in that Act) to the Manager or Advisors an amount of disclosed commission for effecting a securities transaction for the Fund in excess of the commission which another broker-dealer would have charged for effecting that transaction. The Manager's or Advisors' authority to cause the Funds to pay any such greater commissions is subject to such written policies as the Trustees may adopt from time to time.
Consistent with the Conduct Rules of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. and with the requirements of Rule 12(b)-1(h)(1) of the 1940 Act, and, subject to seeking the most favorable price and execution available and such other policies as the Trustees may determine, the Manager or Advisors may use broker-dealers who sell shares of the Funds to execute portfolio transactions for the Funds.
Pursuant to conditions set forth in rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Funds may purchase securities from an underwriting syndicate of which U.S. Boston Capital Corporation is a member (but not from U. S. Boston Capital Corporation itself). The conditions relate to the price and amount of the securities purchased, the commission or spread paid, and the quality of the issuer. The rules further require that such purchases take place in accordance with procedures adopted and reviewed periodically by the Trustees, particularly those Trustees who are not "interested persons" of the Fund.
Brokerage commissions paid by the Funds on portfolio transactions for the three most recently ended fiscal years as follows:
|
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, |
||
Fund |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
Small Cap Fund |
$232,037 |
$170,596 |
|
Long/Short Fund 1 |
83,910 |
$114,311 |
|
Emerging Markets Fund 2 |
119,804 |
$147,240 |
|
Foreign Value Fund 3 |
691,299 |
$955,725 |
|
1 The variance in brokerage commissions is a result of changes in the Fund's quantitative model which increased active risk targets to 6%-7% and which is expected to result in on-going turnover rates in the 150%-250% range. Prior to November 1, 2006, the Fund's name was Quant Growth and Income Fund.
2 The variance in brokerage commissions paid in 2007 versus 2005 and 2006 is a result of increasing assets flows into the Fund.
3 The variance in brokerage commissions paid in 2007 versus 2005 and 2006 is a result of increasing assets flows into the Fund.
None of such commissions was paid to a broker who was an affiliated person of the Funds or an affiliated person of such a person or, to the knowledge of the Funds, to a broker an affiliated person of which was an affiliated person of the Fund, the Manager or any Advisor.
DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS
The Funds' Board of Trustees has adopted, on behalf of the Funds', policies and procedures relating to disclosure of the Funds' portfolio securities. These policies and procedures are designed to protect the confidentiality of each Fund's portfolio holdings and to prevent the selective disclosure of such information by providing a framework for disclosing information regarding portfolio holdings, portfolio composition or other portfolio characteristics consistent with applicable regulations of the federal securities laws and general principles of fiduciary duty relating to fund shareholders.
The Manager will make a Fund's full portfolio holdings information available to the public on a quarterly basis with an appropriate delay based upon the nature of the information disclosed, generally between three (3) business days and thirty (30) calendar days. Normally, the Manager will post each Fund's full portfolio holdings approximately thirty (30) days after the end of each quarter on the Funds' website at www.quantfunds.com. Such postings will remain available until the information is filed with the SEC as described below. Such publicly disclosed information may be sent to rating agencies, reporting/news services and financial intermediaries, upon request.
In addition, the Manager generally makes publicly available certain information other than a Fund's portfolio holdings. For example, the Manager makes information regarding the Funds' top ten holdings (including the percentage of the Funds' assets represented by each security), the percentage breakdown of the Funds' investments by country, sector and industry, various
29
volatility measures (such as beta, standard deviation, etc.), market capitalization ranges and other portfolio characteristics (such as alpha, average P/E ratio, etc.) no earlier than three (3) business days after the end of each month.
Each Fund will disclose portfolio holdings as required by applicable law or as requested by governmental authorities. For example, each Fund will disclose its portfolio holdings quarterly on forms that must be filed with the SEC as follows: (i) portfolio holdings as of the end of each fiscal year ending March 31 will be filed as part of the annual report on Form N-CSR; (ii) portfolio holdings as of the end of the fiscal quarter ending June 30 will be filed on Form N-Q; (iii) portfolio holdings as of the end of the six-month period ending September 30 will be filed as part of the semi-annual report on Form N-CSR; and (iv) portfolio holdings as of the end of the fiscal quarter ending December 31 will be filed on Form N-Q. The Funds' Forms N-CSR and N-Q will be available on the SEC's web site at www.sec.gov . If a Fund's portfolio holdings information is disclosed to the public (either through a filing on the SEC's EDGAR web site or otherwise) before the disclosure of the information on the Funds' web site would normally occur, that Fund may post such information to its web site.
The Manager may provide a Fund's full portfolio holdings or other information to certain entities prior to the date such information is made public ("Confidential Portfolio Information"), provided that certain conditions are met. Such disclosures may be authorized by any member of the legal department. The entities to which such disclosure of Confidential Portfolio Information may be made as of the date of this Statement of Additional Information are rating agencies, plan sponsors, prospective separate account clients and other financial intermediaries (i.e., organizations evaluating the Funds for purposes of investment by their clients, such as broker-dealers, investment advisers, banks, insurance companies, financial planning firms, plan sponsors, plan administrators, shareholder servicing organizations and pension consultants). The third party must agree to a limited use of that information which does not conflict with the interests of the Funds' shareholders, to use the information only for that authorized purpose, to keep such information confidential, and not to trade on such information. The Board of Trustees considered the disclosure of portfolio holdings information to these categories of entities to be consistent with the best interests of shareholders in light of the agreement to maintain the confidentiality of such information and only to use such information for the limited and approved purposes. As of the date of this Statement of Additional Information, the Manager has not provided the Funds' Confidential Portfolio Information to any entity prior to the date such information was made public.
The Funds' portfolio holdings disclosure policy is not intended to prevent the disclosure of any and all portfolio information to the Funds' service providers who generally need access to such information in the performance of their contractual duties and responsibilities, such as the Manager, the Advisors, the Distributor, the Funds' custodian and fund accountant (State Street Kansas City), the Funds' counsel and the Funds' independent registered public accounting firm. Such service providers may be provided with portfolio holdings information on an as needed basis with no delay. In approving the policy, the Board of Trustees considered that the service providers are subject to duties of confidentiality arising under law or contract that provide an adequate safeguard for such information. None of the Manager, the Fund, or any other service provider receives any compensation or other consideration from any arrangement pertaining to the release of a Fund's portfolio holdings information.
If a service provider is not subject to duties of confidentiality arising under law or contract as provided in the preceding paragraph, the service provider will be subject to a written confidentiality agreement that prohibits any trading upon the Confidential Portfolio Information. The Funds currently do not have ongoing arrangements to make Confidential Portfolio Information available to any service provider (other than those named above) or to any rating agencies. The Advisors currently have ongoing arrangements to make Confidential Portfolio Information available to the following Service Providers.
Name of Entity
|
Type of Service |
Frequency |
Lag Time
|
Proxy Edge |
Proxy Voting |
Daily
|
N/A |
Institutional Shareholder Services (ISS)
|
Proxy Voting
|
Daily
|
N/A
|
The Funds' President and the Manager's Chief Compliance Officer (or persons designated by each of them), acting jointly, may grant exemptions to the policy with respect to Confidential Portfolio Information. Exemptions may be granted only if the above persons (or their designees) determine that providing such information is consistent with the interests of shareholders and the third party agrees to limit the use of such information only for the authorized purpose, to keep such information confidential, and not to trade on such information. Although the Board will periodically be informed of exemptions granted, granting exemptions entails the risk that portfolio holdings information may be provided to entities that use the information in a manner inconsistent with their obligations and the best interests of the Fund.
The Manager and the Advisor for each Fund have the primary responsibility for ensuring that a Fund's portfolio holdings information is only disclosed in accordance with these policies. As part of this responsibility, the Manager and Advisors must maintain such internal informational barriers as they believe are reasonably necessary for preventing unauthorized disclosure
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of Confidential Portfolio Information. The Funds' Chief Compliance Officer shall confirm at least annually that the Manager's and Advisors' procedures and or processes are reasonably designed to comply with these portfolio holdings disclosure policies
The Funds' are subadvised by Advisors who are not affiliated with the Manager. As a result, separate accounts or other investment companies managed by an Advisor may have investment objectives and strategies that are substantially similar or identical to a Fund's investment objective and strategy and, therefore, may have portfolio holdings that identical to or substantially the same as the portfolio holdings of the subadvised Fund. Such separate accounts or other investment companies may be subject to different holdings disclosure policies, and neither the Manager nor the Board of Trustees of the Funds exercises any control over such policies or disclosure.
Compliance with the Funds' portfolio holdings disclosure policy is subject to periodic review by the Board of Trustees, including a review of any potential conflicts of interest in the disclosures made by the Manager in accordance with this policy or the exceptions permitted under the policy. The following changes to this policy would be subject to approval by the Board of Trustees: (i) any change to the policy to expand the categories of entities to which portfolio holdings may be disclosed, (ii) any increase in the purposes for which such disclosure may be made; or (iii) a change from quarterly to more frequent public disclosure. Any such change, if material, would be reflected in a supplement to the Funds' Statement of Additional Information.
HOW TO INVEST
The procedures for purchasing shares are summarized in the Prospectus under the caption HOW TO INVEST.
The Fund has authorized one or more brokers to receive purchase and redemption orders on its behalf. Authorized brokers may designate other intermediaries to receive purchase and redemption orders on the Funds' behalf. The Fund will be deemed to have received a purchase or redemption order when an authorized broker, or if applicable, a broker's authorized designee, receives the purchase or redemption order. Purchase and redemption orders will be priced at the net asset value per share of the Fund next computed for the appropriate class of shares next computed after the purchase or redemption order is received in good order by an authorized broker or the broker's authorized designee and accepted by the Fund.
EXCHANGE OF SECURITIES FOR SHARES OF THE FUNDS. Applications to exchange common stocks for Fund shares must be accompanied by stock certificates (if any) and stock powers with signatures guaranteed by domestic banks, brokers, dealers, credit unions, national securities exchanges, registered securities associations, clearing agencies or savings associations. Securities accepted by the Funds will be valued as set forth under CALCULATION OF NET ASSET VALUE in the Prospectus as of the time of the next determination of net asset value after such acceptance. Shares of a Fund are issued at net asset value determined as of the same time. All dividends, subscription, or other rights which are reflected in the market price of accepted securities at the time of valuation become the property of the Funds and must be delivered to the Funds by the investor upon receipt from the issuer. A gain or loss for Federal income tax purposes would be realized by the investor upon the exchange depending upon the cost of the securities tendered.
OPEN ACCOUNT SYSTEM. Under the Funds' Open Account System all shares purchased are credited directly to your account in the designated Fund at the time of purchase. All shares remain on deposit with the Transfer Agent. No certificates are issued.
The following services are currently offered by the Open Account System:
1. You may make additional investments in a Fund by sending a check in U.S. dollars (made payable to "Quantitative Group of Funds") to the Funds, by wire, or by online ACH transactions, as described under HOW TO INVEST in the Prospectus.
2. You may select one of the following distribution options which best fits your needs.
* REINVESTMENT PLAN OPTION: Income dividends and capital gain distributions paid in additional shares at net asset value.
* INCOME OPTION: Income dividends paid in cash, capital gain distributions paid in additional shares at net asset value.
* CASH OPTION: Income dividends and capital gain distributions paid in cash.
You should indicate the Option you prefer, as well as the other registration details of your account, on the Account Application. The Reinvestment Plan Option will automatically be assigned unless you select a different option. Dividends and distributions paid on a class of shares of a Fund will be paid in shares of such class taken at the per share net asset value of such class determined at the close of business on the ex-date of the dividend or distribution or, at your election, in cash.
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3. You will receive a statement setting forth the most recent transactions in your account after each transaction which affects your share balance.
The cost of services rendered under the Open Account System to the holders of a particular class of shares of a Fund are borne by that class as an expense of all shareholders of that class. However, in order to cover additional administrative costs, any shareholder requesting a historical transcript of his account will be charged a fee based upon the number of years researched. There is a minimum fee of $5. The right is reserved on 60 days' written notice to make charges to individual investors to cover other administrative costs of the Open Account System.
Sales charges
Ordinary Shares - Deferred Sales Charge. Ordinary Shares are subject to a 1.00% deferred sales charge at the time of redemption. The 1.00% deferred sales charge is imposed on the proceeds from all Ordinary Shares redeemed (including Ordinary Shares purchased through the reinvestment of dividend and capital gains distributions) subject to exceptions provided for in the Funds' prospectus. For the Foreign Value Small Cap Fund the deferred sales charge does not apply to its shares purchased through the reinvestment of dividends. The Distributor may pay a sales fee of 1.00% of the offering price to the dealer transmitting an order for Ordinary Shares, provided that the Ordinary Shares sold are subject to the 1.00% deferred sales charge. The Distributor may also pay the dealer a service fee for accounts serviced by the dealer based upon the service agreement between the Fund and the Broker.
TAX DEFERRED RETIREMENT PLANS.
ACCOUNTS OFFERED BY THE FUNDS. The Funds offer tax-deferred accounts, for which State Street Bank and Trust Company acts as custodian, including:
|
Traditional Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs) |
|
Roth IRAs |
|
Simplified Employee Pension Plans (SEP-IRAs) |
|
Simple IRAs |
|
403(b) Custodial Accounts |
Agreements to establish these kinds of accounts and additional information about them, including information about fees and charges, are available from the Distributor. There are many detailed rules, including provisions of tax law, governing each of theses kinds of accounts. Investors considering participation in any of these plans should consult with their attorneys or tax advisers with respect to the establishment and maintenance of any of these plans. The following is some very general information about them.
Contributions to a traditional IRA will be deductible if the individual for whom the account is established is not an active participant in an employer-sponsored plan; contributions may be deductible in whole or in part if the individual is such a participant, depending on the individual's income. Distributions from traditional IRAs are taxable as ordinary income. Contributions to a Roth IRA are not deductible. However, withdrawals may not be taxable if certain requirements are met. In either case, capital gains and income earned on Fund shares held in an IRA are not taxable as long as they are held in the IRA.
403(B)S. This kind of custodial account may be established by employees of certain educational and charitable organizations. A qualifying employee may make an election to defer salary, which is then contributed to the 403(b) account; these contributions held in a 403(b) account are not taxable as long as they are held in the account. A 403(b) holder generally will have taxable income only when he or she receives a distribution from the account; distributions are taxable as ordinary income.
OTHER RETIREMENT PLANS. Fund shares also may be made available as an investment under other tax-favored retirement plans, such as qualified pension plans and qualified profit sharing plans, including 401(k) plans.
HOW TO EXCHANGE
The procedures for exchanging shares of one Fund for those of another are also described in the Prospectus under HOW TO EXCHANGE.
An exchange involves a redemption of all or a portion of shares of one class of a Fund and the investment of the redemption proceeds in shares of a like class in another Fund. The redemption will be made at the per share net asset value of the
32
particular class of shares of a Fund being redeemed which is next determined after the exchange request is received in proper order.
The shares of the particular class of shares of a Fund being acquired will be purchased when the proceeds from the redemption become available, normally on the day of the exchange request, at the per share net asset value of such class next determined after acceptance of the purchase order by the Fund being acquired in accordance with the customary policy of that Fund for accepting investments.
The exchange of shares of one class of a Fund for shares of a like class of another Fund will constitute a sale for federal income tax purposes on which the investor will realize a capital gain or loss.
The exchange privilege may be modified or terminated at any time, and the Funds may discontinue offering shares of any Fund or any class of any Fund generally or in any particular State without notice to shareholders.
HOW TO REDEEM
The procedures for redeeming shares of a Fund are described in the Prospectus under HOW TO REDEEM.
Proceeds will normally be forwarded on the second day on which the New York Stock Exchange is open after a redemption request is processed; however, the Funds reserve the right to take up to three (3) business days to make payment. This amount may be more or less than the shareholder's investment and thus may involve a capital gain or loss for tax purposes. If the shares to be redeemed represent an investment made by check or through the automatic investment plan, the Funds reserve the right not to honor the redemption request until the check or monies have been collected.
The Funds will normally redeem shares for cash, however, the Funds reserve the right to pay the redemption price wholly or partially in kind if the Board of Trustees determines it to be advisable and in the interest of the remaining shareholders of the Funds. The redemptions in kind will be selected by the Manager or Advisor in light of the Fund's objective and will not generally represent a pro rata distribution of each security held in the Fund's portfolio. If portfolio securities are distributed in lieu of cash, the shareholder will normally incur brokerage commissions upon subsequent disposition of any such securities. However, the Funds have elected to be governed by Rule 18f-1 under the 1940 Act, pursuant to which the Funds are obligated to redeem shares solely in cash for any shareholder during any 90-day period up to the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of the total net asset value of the Fund at the beginning of such period. A redemption constitutes a sale of shares for federal income tax purposes on which the investor may realize a long- or short-term capital gain or loss. See also "Taxation" below.
Shareholders are entitled to redeem all or any portion of the shares credited to their accounts by submitting a written request for redemption to Quantitative Group of Funds. Shareholders who redeem more than $10,000, or request that the redemption proceeds be paid to someone other than the shareholders of record or sent to an address other than the address of record, must have their signature(s) guaranteed by domestic banks, brokers, dealers, credit unions, national securities exchanges, registered securities associations, clearing agencies or savings associations. If the shareholder is a corporation, partnership, agent, fiduciary or surviving joint owner, the Funds may require additional documentation of a customary nature. Shareholders who have authorized the Funds to accept telephone instructions may redeem shares credited to their accounts by telephone. Once made, a telephone request may not be modified or canceled.
The Funds and the Transfer Agent will employ reasonable procedures to confirm that instructions communicated by telephone are genuine. If the Funds and the Transfer Agent fail to do so, they may be liable for any losses due to unauthorized or fraudulent transactions. The Funds provide written confirmation of all transactions effected by telephone and will only mail the proceeds of telephone redemptions to the redeeming shareholder's address of record.
The Transfer Agent will assess a $15.00 fee for overnight delivery or to wire the proceeds of a redemption. Such fee will be subtracted from the net redemption amount.
EXCESSIVE TRADING. The Funds intend to deter market timing activities and do not have any agreements to permit any person to market time in the Funds. See Excessive Trading in the prospectus for more information on the Funds' policies.
REDEMPTION FEE. (Institutional Shares only) Prior to July 29, 2007, a redemption fee equal to 2% of the net asset value of Institutional Shares redeemed was imposed on redemptions made less than 61 days following the issuance of such Institutional Shares. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2008, the Funds retained [$xxxx] in redemption fees.
CALCULATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
Portfolio securities are valued each business day at the last reported sale price up to the close of the New York Stock Exchange (ordinarily 4:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time). Where applicable and appropriate, portfolio securities will be valued
33
using the NASDAQ Official Closing Price. If there is no such reported sale, the securities generally are valued at the mean between the last reported bid and asked prices. For certain securities, where no such sales have been reported, the Fund may value such securities at the last reported bid price. In the event that there is information suggesting that valuation of such securities based upon bid and/or asked prices may not be accurate, a Fund may value such securities in good faith at fair value in accordance with procedures established by the trustees, which may include a determination to value such securities at the last reported sale price.
The Emerging Markets, Foreign Value and Foreign Value Small Cap Funds may invest in securities listed on foreign exchanges that trade on days on which those Funds do not compute net asset value (i.e., Saturdays and New York Stock Exchange holidays) and the net asset value of shares of those Funds may be significantly affected on such days. Securities quoted in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollars, based upon the prevailing exchange rate on each business day. Other assets and securities for which no quotations are readily available are valued at fair value as determined in good faith using procedures approved by the Funds' Trustees (the "Trustees"). The Fund translates prices for its investments quoted in foreign currencies into U.S. dollars at current exchange rates. As a result, changes in the value of those currencies in relation to the U.S. dollar may affect the Fund's net asset value. Because foreign markets may be open at different times than the New York Stock Exchange, the value of the Fund's shares may change on days when shareholders are not able to buy or sell them. If events materially affecting the values of the Fund's foreign investments occur between the close of foreign markets and the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange, these investments will be valued at their fair value.
The fair value of any restricted securities from time to time held by a Fund is determined by its Advisor in accordance with procedures approved by the Trustees. Such valuations and procedures are reviewed periodically by the Trustees. The fair value of such securities is generally determined as the amount that the Fund could reasonably expect to realize from an orderly disposition of such securities over a reasonable period of time. The valuation procedures applied in any specific instance are likely to vary from case to case. However, consideration is generally given to the financial position of the issuer and other fundamental analytical data relating to the investment and to the nature of the restrictions on disposition of the securities (including any registration expenses that might be borne by the Fund in connection with such disposition). In addition, such specific factors are also generally considered as the cost of the investment, the market value of any unrestricted securities of the same class (both at the time of purchase and at the time of valuation), the size of the holding, the prices of any recent transactions or offers with respect to such securities and any available analysts' reports regarding the issuer. Short-term investments that mature in sixty-days (60) or less are valued at amortized cost.
Market quotations are not considered to be readily available for long-term corporate bonds, debentures and notes; such investments are stated at fair value on the basis of valuations furnished by a pricing service, approved by the Trustees, which determines valuations for normal, institutional-size trading units of such securities using methods based on market transactions for comparable securities and various relationships between securities which are generally recognized by institutional traders.
For purposes of determining the net asset value per share of each class of a Fund, all assets and liabilities initially expressed in foreign currencies will be valued in U.S. dollars at the mean between the bid and asked prices of such currencies against U.S. dollars.
Generally, trading in foreign securities, as well as corporate bonds, U.S. government securities and money market instruments is substantially completed each day at various times prior to 4:15 p.m. Eastern time upon the close of business on the primary exchange for such securities. The values of such securities used in determining the net asset value of the Funds' shares are computed as of such other times. Foreign currency exchange rates are also generally determined prior to 4:15 p.m. Eastern time. Occasionally, events affecting the value of such securities may occur between such times and 4:15 p.m. Eastern time which will not be reflected in the computation of the Funds' net asset value. If events materially affecting the value of the Funds' securities occur during such a period, then these securities will be valued at their fair value as determined in good faith by the Trustees.
Expenses of the Funds directly charged or attributable to any Fund will be paid from the assets of that Fund except that 12b-1 Plan expenses will not be borne by holders of Institutional Shares of the Funds and each class of shares of the Fund will bear its own transfer agency fees. General expenses of the Funds will be allocated among and charged to the assets of the respective Funds on a basis that the Trustees deem fair and equitable, which may be the relative assets of each Fund or the nature of the services performed and relative applicability to each Fund.
PRICE OF SHARES
Orders received by an investment dealer or authorized designee, the Transfer Agent or a Quant Fund after the time of the determination of the net asset value will be entered at the next calculated offering price. Note that investment dealers or other intermediaries may have their own rules about share transactions and may have earlier cut-off times than those of the Funds. For more information about how to purchase through your intermediary, contact your intermediary directly.
34
Prices that appear in the newspaper do not always indicate prices at which you will be purchasing and redeeming shares of a Fund, since such prices generally reflect the previous day's closing price, while purchases and redemptions are made at the next calculated price. The price you pay for shares, the offering price, is based on the net asset value per share, which is calculated once daily as of approximately 4:00 p.m. Eastern time, which is the normal close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange, each day the Exchange is open. If, for example, the Exchange closes at 1:00 p.m., a Fund's share price would still be determined as of 4:00 p.m.
Eastern time.
DISTRIBUTIONS
Each Fund will be treated as a separate entity for federal income tax purposes (see TAXATION) with its net realized gains or losses being determined separately, and capital loss carryovers determined and applied on a separate Fund basis.
TAXATION
Each Fund intends to qualify annually as a "regulated investment company" ("RIC") under the Code.
To qualify as a RIC, a Fund must (a) derive at least 90% of its gross income from dividends, interest, gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities, or foreign currencies certain payments with respect to securities loans or other income derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities or currencies; and (b) diversify its holdings so that, at the close of each quarter of its taxable year, (i) at least 50% of the value of its total assets consists of cash, cash items, Government securities, securities of other RICs, and other securities limited generally with respect to any one issuer to not more than 5% of the total assets of the Fund and not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of its assets is invested in the securities of any one issuer (other than Government securities and securities of RICs); and (c) distribute at least 90% of its investment company taxable income (which includes interest, dividends, and net short-term capital gains in excess of net long-term capital losses) each taxable year.
As a RIC, a Fund generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on its investment company taxable income and net capital gains (the excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses), if any, that it distributes to shareholders. Each Fund intends to distribute to its shareholders, at least annually, substantially all of its investment company taxable income and net capital gains. Amounts not distributed on a timely basis in accordance with a calendar year distribution requirement are subject to a nondeductible 4% excise tax. To prevent imposition of the excise tax, a Fund must distribute during each calendar year an amount equal to the sum of (1) at least 98% of its ordinary income (not taking into account any capital gains or losses) for the calendar year, (2) at least 98% of its capital gains in excess of its capital losses (adjusted for certain ordinary losses, as prescribed by the Code) for the one-year period ending on October 31 of the calendar year, and (3) any ordinary income and capital gains for previous years that was not distributed during those years. A distribution will be treated as paid on December 31 of the current calendar year if it is declared by the Fund in October, November or December with a record date in such a month and paid by a Fund during January of the following calendar year. Such distributions will be taxable to shareholders in the calendar year in which the distributions are declared, rather than the calendar year in which the distributions are received. To prevent application of the excise tax, each Fund intends to make its distributions in accordance with the calendar year distribution requirement.
Dividends paid out of a Fund's investment company taxable income will be taxable to a U.S. shareholder as ordinary income. If a portion of a Fund's income consists of dividends paid by U.S. corporations, a portion of the dividends paid by the Fund may be eligible for the corporate dividends-received deduction. Distributions of net capital gains, if any, designated as capital gain dividends are taxable to shareholders as long-term capital gains, regardless of how long the shareholder has held the Fund's shares, and are not eligible for the dividends-received deduction. Shareholders receiving distributions in the form of additional shares, rather than cash, generally will have a cost basis in each such share equal to the net asset value of a share of the Fund on the reinvestment date. Shareholders will be notified annually as to the U.S. federal tax status of distributions and shareholders receiving distributions in the form of additional shares will receive a report as to the net asset value of those shares.
The taxation of equity options and over-the-counter options on debt securities is governed by Code section 1234. Pursuant to Code section 1234, the premium received by a Fund for selling a put or call option is not included in income at the time of receipt. If the option expires, the premium is short-term capital gain to the Fund. If a Fund enters into a closing transaction, the difference between the amount paid to close out its position and the premium received is short-term capital gain or loss. If a call option written by a Fund is exercised, thereby requiring the Fund to sell the underlying security, the premium will increase the amount realized upon the sale of such security and any resulting gain or loss will be a capital gain or loss, and will be long-term or short-term depending upon the holding period of the security. With respect to a put or call option that is purchased by a Fund, if the option is sold, any resulting gain or loss will be a capital gain or loss, and will be long-term or short-term, depending upon the holding period of the option. If the option expires, the resulting loss is a capital loss and is long-term or
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short-term, depending upon the holding period of the option. If the option is exercised, the cost of the option, in the case of a call option, is added to the basis of the purchased security and, in the case of a put option, reduces the amount realized on the underlying security in determining gain or loss.
Certain options and futures contracts in which a Fund may invest are "section 1256 contracts." Gains or losses on section 1256 contracts generally are considered 60% long-term and 40% short-term capital gains or losses; however, foreign currency gains or losses (as discussed below) arising from certain section 1256 contracts may be treated as ordinary income or loss. Also, section 1256 contracts held by a Fund at the end of each taxable year (and, generally, for purposes of the 4% excise tax, on October 31 of each year) are "marked-to-market" (that is, treated as sold at fair market value), resulting in unrealized gains or losses being treated as though they were realized.
Generally, the hedging transactions undertaken by the Fund may result in "straddles" for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The straddle rules may affect the character of gains (or losses) realized by a Fund. In addition, losses realized by the Fund on positions that are part of a straddle may be deferred under the straddle rules, rather than being taken into account in calculating the taxable income for the taxable year in which the losses are realized. Because only a few regulations implementing the straddle rules have been promulgated, the tax consequences to a Fund of engaging in hedging transactions are not entirely clear. Hedging transactions may increase the amount of short-term capital gain realized by a Fund which is taxed as ordinary income when distributed to shareholders.
Each Fund may make one or more of the elections available under the Code which are applicable to straddles. If a Fund makes any of the elections, the amount, character and timing of the recognition of gains or losses from the affected straddle positions will be determined under rules that vary according to the election(s) made. The rules applicable under certain of the elections may operate to accelerate the recognition of gains or losses from the affected straddle positions.
Because the straddle rules may affect the character of gains or losses, defer losses and/or accelerate the recognition of gains or losses from the affected straddle positions, the amount which may be distributed to shareholders, and which will be taxed to them as ordinary income or long-term capital gain, may be increased or decreased as compared to a fund that did not engage in such hedging transactions.
Notwithstanding any of the foregoing, a Fund may recognize gain (but not loss) from a constructive sale of certain "appreciated financial positions" if the Fund enters into a short sale, offsetting notional principal contract or forward contract transaction with respect to the appreciated position or substantially identical property. Appreciated financial positions subject to this constructive sale treatment are interests (including options and forward contracts and short sales) in stock, partnership interests, certain actively traded trust instruments and certain debt instruments. Constructive sale treatment does not apply to certain transactions closed in the 90-day period ending with the 30th day after the close of the taxable year, if certain conditions are met.
Unless certain constructive sale rules (discussed more fully above) apply, a Fund will not realize gain or loss on a short sale of a security until it closes the transaction by delivering the borrowed security to the lender. Pursuant to Code Section 1233, all or a portion of any gain arising from a short sale may be treated as short-term capital gain, regardless of the period for which the Fund held the security used to close the short sale. In addition, the Fund's holding period of any security which is substantially identical to that which is sold short may be reduced or eliminated as a result of the short sale. Recent legislation, however, alters this treatment by treating certain short sales against the box and other transactions as a constructive sale of the underlying security held by the Fund, thereby requiring current recognition of gain, as described more fully above. Similarly, if a Fund enters into a short sale of property that becomes substantially worthless, the Fund will recognize gain at that time as though it had closed the short sale. Future Treasury regulations may apply similar treatment to other transactions with respect to property that becomes substantially worthless.
Under the Code, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates that occur between the time a Fund accrues receivables or liabilities denominated in a foreign currency, and the time the Fund actually collects such receivables or pays such liabilities, generally are treated as ordinary income or ordinary loss. Similarly, on disposition of debt securities denominated in a foreign currency and on disposition of certain options futures, and forward contracts, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in the value of foreign currency between the date of acquisition of the security or contract and the date of disposition also are treated as ordinary gain or loss. These gains or losses, referred to under the Code as "section 988" gains or losses, may increase or decrease the amount of a Fund's investment company taxable income to be distributed to its shareholders as ordinary income.
Upon the sale or other disposition of shares of a Fund, a shareholder may realize a capital gain or loss which may be long-term or short-term, generally depending upon the shareholder's holding period for the shares. Any loss realized on a sale or exchange will be disallowed to the extent the shares disposed of are replaced (including shares acquired pursuant to a dividend reinvestment plan) within a period of 61 days beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after disposition of the shares. In such a case, the basis of the shares acquired will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss. Any loss realized by a
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shareholder on a disposition of Fund shares held by the shareholder for six months or less will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any distributions of net capital gains received by the shareholder with respect to such shares.
If a Fund invests in stock of certain foreign investment companies, the Fund may be subject to U.S. federal income taxation on a portion of any "excess distribution" with respect to, or gain from the disposition of, such stock. The tax would be determined by allocating such distribution or gain ratably to each day of the Fund's holding period for the stock. The distribution or gain so allocated to any taxable year of the Fund, other than the taxable year of the excess distribution or disposition, would be taxed to the Fund at the highest ordinary income tax rate in effect for such year, and the tax would be further increased by an interest charge to reflect the value of the tax deferral deemed to have resulted from the ownership of the foreign company's stock. Any amount of distribution or gain allocated to the taxable year of the distribution or disposition would be included in the Fund's investment company taxable income and, accordingly, would not be taxable to the Fund to the extent distributed by the Fund as a dividend to its shareholders.
Alternatively, a Fund may elect to mark to market its foreign investment company stock, resulting in the stock being treated as sold at fair market value on the last business day of each taxable year. Any resulting gain would be reported as ordinary income; any resulting loss and any loss from an actual disposition of the stock would be reported as ordinary loss to the extent of any net mark-to-market gains previously included in income. A Fund also may elect, in lieu of being taxable in the manner described above, to include annually in income it's pro rata share of the ordinary earnings and net capital gain of the foreign investment company.
Income received by a Fund from sources within foreign countries may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries.
If more than 50% of the value of a Fund's total assets at the close of its taxable year consists of securities of foreign corporations, the Fund will be eligible and may elect to "pass-through" to the Fund's shareholders the amount of foreign income and similar taxes paid by the Fund. Pursuant to this election, if made, a shareholder will be required to include in gross income (in addition to taxable dividends actually received) his or her pro rata share of the foreign income and similar taxes paid by the Fund, and will be entitled either to deduct his or her pro rata share of foreign income and similar taxes in computing his taxable income or to use it as a foreign tax credit against his U.S. Federal income taxes, subject to limitations. No deduction for foreign taxes may be claimed by a shareholder who does not itemize deductions. Foreign taxes generally may not be deducted by a shareholder that is an individual in computing the alternative minimum tax.
Generally, a credit for foreign taxes is subject to the limitation that it may not exceed the shareholder's U.S. tax attributable to his total foreign source taxable income. For this purpose, if a Fund makes the election described in the preceding paragraph, the source of the Fund's income flows through to its shareholders. With respect to the Fund, gains from the sale of securities generally will be treated as derived from U.S. sources and section 988 gains will be treated as ordinary income derived from U.S. sources. The limitation on the foreign tax credit is applied separately to foreign source passive income, including foreign source passive income received from the Fund. The foreign tax credit limitation rules do not apply to certain electing individual taxpayers who have limited creditable foreign taxes and no foreign source income other than passive investment-type income. The foreign tax credit is eliminated with respect to foreign taxes withheld on dividends if the dividend paying shares or the shares of a Fund are held by the Fund or the shareholder, as the case may be, for less than 16 days (46 days in the case of preferred shares) during the 30-day period (90-day period for preferred shares) beginning 15 days (45 days for preferred shares) before the shares become ex-dividend. In addition, if a fund fails to satisfy these holding period requirements, it cannot elect under Section 853 to pass through to shareholders the ability to claim a deduction for the related foreign taxes. If a fund fails to satisfy their holding period requirement, it cannot elect under section 853 to pass through to shareholders the ability to claim a deduction for the related foreign taxes.
The foregoing is only a general description of the foreign tax credit under current law. Because application of the credit depends on the particular circumstances of each shareholder, shareholders are advised to consult their own tax advisers.
A Fund may be required to withhold U.S. federal income tax at the rate of 30% of all taxable distributions payable to shareholders who fail to provide the Fund with their correct taxpayer identification number or to make required certifications, or who have been notified by the IRS that they are subject to backup withholding. Corporate shareholders and certain other shareholders specified in the Code generally are exempt from such backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld may be credited against the shareholder's U.S. federal income tax liability.
Fund shareholders may be subject to state, local and foreign taxes on their Fund distributions. In many states, Fund distributions that are derived from interest on certain U.S. Government obligations are exempt from taxation. The tax consequences to a foreign shareholder of an investment in the Fund may be different from those described herein. Foreign shareholders are advised to consult their own tax advisers with respect to the particular tax consequences to them of an investment in a Fund. Shareholders are advised to consult their own tax advisers with respect to the particular tax consequences to them of an investment in a Fund.
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THE QUANT FUNDS
The Trust has an unlimited authorized number of shares of beneficial interest that may, without shareholder approval, be divided into an unlimited number of series of such shares and an unlimited number of classes of shares of any such series. Shares are presently divided into five series of shares, the Funds, each comprised of three (3) classes of shares: Class A shares, Ordinary Shares and Institutional Shares. There are no rights of conversion between shares of different Funds which are granted by the Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust, but holders of shares of a class of a Fund may exchange all or a portion of their shares for shares of a like class in another Fund (subject to their respective minimums). No exchanges are permitted from one class of shares to another class of shares of the same or a different Fund.
These shares are entitled to one vote per share (with proportional voting for fractional shares) on such matters as shareholders are entitled to vote, including the election of Trustees. Shares vote by individual Fund (or class thereof under certain circumstances) on all matters except that (i) when the 1940 so requires, shares shall be voted in the aggregate and not by individual Fund and (ii) when the Trustees of the Funds have determined that a matter affects only the interest of one or more Funds, then only holders of shares of such Fund shall be entitled to vote thereon.
There will normally be no meetings of shareholders for the purpose of electing Trustees unless and until such time as less than a majority of the Trustees have been elected by the shareholders, at which time the Trustees then in office will call a shareholders' meeting for the election of Trustees. In addition, Trustees may be removed from office by a written consent signed by the holders of two-thirds of the outstanding shares of each Fund and filed with the Fund or by a vote of the holders of two-thirds of the outstanding shares of each Fund at a meeting duly called for that purpose, which meeting shall be held upon the written request of the holders of not less than 10% of the outstanding shares. Upon written request by ten or more shareholders, who have been such for at least six months and who hold, in the aggregate, shares having a net asset value of at least $25,000, stating that such shareholders wish to communicate with the other shareholders for the purpose of obtaining the signatures necessary to demand a meeting to consider removal of a Trustee, the Funds have undertaken to provide a list of shareholders or to disseminate appropriate materials (at the expense of the requesting shareholders). Except as set forth above, the Trustees shall continue to hold office and may appoint their successors.
Shares are freely transferable, are entitled to dividends as declared by the Trustees, and in liquidation of the Trust are entitled to receive the net assets of their Fund, but not of the other Funds. Shareholders have no preemptive rights. The Funds' fiscal year ends on the last day of March.
Under Massachusetts law, shareholders could, under certain circumstances, be held liable for the obligations of the Funds. However, the Agreement and Declaration of Trust disclaims shareholder liability for acts or obligations of the Funds and requires notice of such disclaimer be given in each agreement, obligation or instrument entered into or executed by the Funds or the Trustees. The Agreement and Declaration of Trust provides for indemnification out of a Fund's property for all loss and expense of any shareholder of that Fund held liable on account of being or having been a shareholder. Thus, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which the Fund of which he was a shareholder would be unable to meet its obligations.
The Trust, Manager, the Advisors and the Distributor have adopted Codes of Ethics pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act. The Codes of Ethics permit employees to invest in securities for their own accounts, including securities that may be purchased or held by the Funds. The Codes of Ethics are on public file with, and are available from, the Commission.
PROXY VOTING POLICIES
The Board has adopted Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures on behalf of the Trust which delegates responsibility for voting proxies to the Manager, subject to the Board's continuing oversight. The Manager in turn has, where applicable, delegated responsibility for voting proxies to the Advisors that actually manage the assets of the Fund. The Manager and the Advisor have their own proxy voting policies and procedures, which the Board has reviewed. The Manager's and the Advisors' policies and procedures assure that all proxy voting decisions are made in the best interest of the Funds and that the Manager or the Advisors will act in a prudent and diligent manner for the benefit of the Funds. The Manager's and the Advisors' policies and procedures include specific provisions to determine when a conflict exists between the interests of a Fund and the interests of the Manager or the Advisors, as the case may be. Copies of the proxy voting policies and procedures are attached to this SAI as Appendix A. Information on how the Funds voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the 12-month period ended June 30, 2007 will be available without charge on the Quant Funds website ( www.quantfunds.com ), upon request by contacting the Funds or via the Securities and Exchange Commission web site at www.sec.gov .
EXPERTS
The financial statements incorporated in the Prospectus by reference to the Funds' Annual Report for the year ended March 31, 2008 have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of Tait, Weller & Baker LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.
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APPENDIX A - VOTING POLICIES
QUANTITATIVE GROUP OF FUNDS
d/b/a QUANT FUNDS
PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
(Adopted: July 23, 2003)
I. Quant Funds Policy Statement
Quantitative Group of Funds (d/b/a/ Quant Funds) (Quant) is firmly committed to ensuring that proxies relating to Quants portfolio securities are voted in the best interests of Quants shareholders. The following policies and procedures have been established to implement Quants proxy voting program.
II. Trusts Proxy Voting Program
Quantitative Advisors serves as the investment manager of Quants portfolios. Quantitative Advisors is responsible for the selection and ongoing monitoring of investment sub-advisers (the Sub-Advisers) who provide the day-to-day portfolio management for each portfolio. Quant has delegated proxy voting responsibility to Quantitative Advisors. Because Quantitative Advisors views proxy voting as a function that is incidental and integral to portfolio management, it has in turn delegated the proxy voting responsibility with respect to each portfolio to the applicable Sub-Adviser. The primary focus of Quants proxy voting program, therefore, is to seek to ensure that the Sub-Advisers have adequate proxy voting policies and procedures in place and to monitor each Sub-Advisers proxy voting. These policies and procedures may be amended from time to time based on Quants experience as well as changing environments, especially as new and/or differing laws and regulations are promulgated.
III. Quantitative Advisors Due Diligence and Compliance Program
As part of its ongoing due diligence and compliance responsibilities, Quantitative Advisors will seek to ensure that each Sub-Adviser maintains proxy voting policies and procedures that are reasonably designed to comply with applicable laws and regulations. Quantitative Advisors will review each Sub-Advisers proxy voting policies and procedures (including any proxy voting guidelines) in connection with the initial selection of the Sub-Adviser to manage a portfolio and on at least an annual basis thereafter.
IV. Sub-Advisers Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures
Each Sub-Adviser will be required to maintain proxy voting policies and procedures that satisfy the following elements:
A. Written Policies and Procedures: The Sub-Adviser must maintain written proxy voting policies and procedures in accordance with applicable laws and regulations and must provide to Quant and Quantitative Advisors, upon request, copies of such policies and procedures.
B. Fiduciary Duty: The Sub-Advisers policies and procedures must be reasonably designed to ensure that Sub-Adviser votes client securities in the best interest of its clients.
C. Conflicts of Interest: The Sub-Advisers policies and procedures must include appropriate procedures to identify and resolve as necessary all material proxy-related conflicts of interest between the Sub-Adviser (including its affiliates) and its clients before voting client proxies.
D. Voting Guidelines: The Sub-Advisers policies and procedures must address with reasonable specificity how the Sub-Adviser will vote proxies, or what factors it will take into account, when voting on particular types of matters, e.g., corporate governance proposals, compensation issues and matters involving social or corporate responsibility.
E. Monitoring Proxy Voting: The Sub-Adviser must have an established system and/or process that is reasonably designed to ensure that proxies are voted on behalf of its clients in a timely and efficient manner.
F. Record Retention and Inspection: The Sub-Adviser must have an established system for creating and retaining all appropriate documentation relating to its proxy voting activities as required by applicable laws and regulations. The Sub-Adviser must provide to Quant and Quantitative Advisors such information and records with respect to proxies relating to Quants portfolio securities as required by law and as Quant or Quantitative Advisors may reasonably request.
V. Disclosure of Quants Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures and Voting Record
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Quantitative Advisors, on behalf of Quant, will take reasonable steps as necessary to seek to ensure that Quant complies with all applicable laws and regulations relating to disclosure of Quants proxy voting policies and procedures and its proxy voting record. Quantitative Advisors (including, at its option, through third-party service providers) will maintain a system that is reasonably designed to ensure that the actual proxy voting record of the Sub-Advisers with respect to Quants portfolio securities are collected, processed, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and delivered to Quants shareholders, as applicable, in a timely and efficient manner and as required by applicable laws and regulations.
VI. Reports to Quants Board of Trustees
Quantitative Advisors will periodically (but no less frequently than annually) report to the Board of Trustees with respect to Quants implementation of its proxy voting program, including summary information with respect to the proxy voting record of the Sub-Advisers with respect to Quants portfolio securities and any other information requested by the Board of Trustees.
QUANTITATIVE ADVISORS
PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
(Adopted July 23, 2003; revised October 21, 2005)
Quantitative Advisors serves as the investment adviser to the series of the Quantitative Group of Funds (d/b/a Quant Funds) (each a Fund and together the Funds). In that capacity Quantitative Advisors has adopted these policies and procedures in accordance with Rule 206(4)-6 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (the Advisers Act). These policies and procedures are designed to ensure that Quantitative Advisors administers proxy voting matters in a manner consistent with the best interests of the Funds and in accordance with its fiduciary duties under the Advisers Act and other applicable laws and regulations.
I. POLICY
In the typical course of Quantitative Advisors business, voting of proxies of individual securities is delegated to the respective sub-advisers retained to oversee and direct the investments of the Funds. Each sub-adviser has the fiduciary responsibility for voting the proxies in a manner that is in the best interest of the Funds. In limited instances, transitional securities may be held in an account and may not be overseen by a sub-adviser. In those cases, it is Quantitative Advisors policy to ensure that the Funds are aware of their right to vote proxies of securities they hold if they so choose. If the Funds choose not to exercise voting authority, those Funds will be deemed to have delegated authority to Quantitative Advisors to vote such proxies in a manner that is consistent with the Funds best interests.
II. RESPONSIBILITY
In most cases, voting of proxies is delegated to the respective sub-adviser retained to oversee and direct the investments of the Funds. If the security is held in an account not directly overseen by a sub-adviser, the proxy voting committee of Quantitative Advisors, which consists of the members of Quantitative Advisors Pricing Committee, (the Proxy Committee) will be responsible for ensuring that proxies are either forwarded to the Funds or voted in a manner consistent with the best interests of the Funds. There may be times when refraining from voting a proxy is in a Funds best interest, such as when the Proxy Committee determines that the cost of voting the proxy exceeds the expected benefit to the Fund.
III. PROCEDURES
In the limited instances of voting of proxies not delegated to sub-advisers or forwarded to the Funds as mentioned above, Quantitative Advisors will (i) obtain and evaluate the proxy information provided by the companies whose shares are being voted; (ii) vote proxies in the best interest of the Funds; and (iii) submit, or arrange for the submission of, the votes to the shareholders meetings in a timely manner.
Prior to a proxy voting deadline, the Proxy Committee will make a determination as to how to vote each proxy proposal based on his or her analysis of the proposal. In evaluating a proxy proposal, the Proxy Committee may consider information from many sources, including management of the company, shareholder groups and independent proxy research services. When determining how to vote a proxy, the Proxy Committee shall consider only those factors that relate to a Funds investment, including how its vote will economically impact and affect the value of a Funds investment.
Proxy votes generally will be cast in favor of proposals that (i) maintain or strengthen the shared interests of shareholders and management; (ii) increase shareholder value; (iii) maintain or increase shareholder influence over the issuers board of directors and management; and (iv) maintain or increase the rights of shareholders. Proxy votes generally will be cast against proposals having the opposite effect.
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IV. CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
Quantitative Advisors may have a conflict of interest in voting a particular proxy. A conflict of interest could arise, for example, as a result of a business relationship with a company, or a direct or indirect business interest in the matter being voted upon, or as a result of a personal relationship with corporate directors or candidates for directorships. Whether a relationship creates a material conflict of interest will depend upon the facts and circumstances.
A. Identifying Conflicts of Interest
The Proxy Committee will seek to identify Quantitative Advisors conflicts by relying on publicly available information about a company and its affiliates and information about the company and its affiliates that is generally known by Quantitative Advisors senior management. The Proxy Committee may determine that Quantitative Advisors has a conflict of interest as a result of the following:
1. Significant Business Relationships - The Proxy Committee will consider whether the matter involves an issuer or proponent with which Quantitative Advisors, its members, officers or employees have a significant business relationship. Quantitative Advisors, its members, officers or employees may have significant business relationships with certain entities, such as other investment advisory firms, vendors, clients and broker-dealers. For this purpose, a significant business relationship is one that might create an incentive for Quantitative Advisors, its members, officers or employees to have a vote cast in favor of the entity soliciting proxies.
2. Significant Personal or Family Relationships - The Proxy Committee will consider whether the matter involves an issuer, proponent or individual with which an employee of Quantitative Advisors who is involved in the proxy voting process may have a significant personal or family relationship. For this purpose, a significant personal or family relationship is one that would be reasonably likely to influence how Quantitative Advisors votes the proxy. Employees of Quantitative Advisors, including the Proxy Committee, are required to disclose any significant personal or family relationship they may have with the issuer, proponent or individual involved in the matter. If the Proxy Committee has a significant personal or family relationship with an issuer, proponent or individual involved in the matter, he/she will immediately contact Quantitative Advisors Compliance Officer who will determine (i) whether to treat the proxy in question as one involving a material conflict of interest; and (ii) if so, whether the Proxy Committee should recuse him/herself from all further matters regarding the proxy and another individual should be appointed to consider the proposal.
B. Determining Whether a Conflict is Material
In the event that the Proxy Committee determines that Quantitative Advisors has a conflict of interest with respect to a proxy proposal, the Proxy Committee shall determine whether the conflict is material.. The Proxy Committee may determine on a case-by-case basis that the relationship as it regards a particular proposal involves a material conflict of interest. To make a determination of nonmateriality, the Proxy Committee must conclude that the proposal is not directly related to Quantitative Advisors conflict with the issuer. If the Proxy Committee determines that a conflict is not material, then he or she may vote the proxy in accordance with his or her recommendation.
C. Voting Proxies Involving a Material Conflict
In the event that the Proxy Committee determines that Quantitative Advisors has a material conflict of interest with respect to a proxy proposal, prior to voting on the proposal, the Proxy Committee must:
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fully disclose the nature of the conflict to the Funds and obtain the Funds consent as to how Quantitative Advisors shall vote on the proposal (or otherwise obtain instructions from the Funds as to how the proxy should be voted); OR |
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contact an independent third party to recommend how to vote on the proposal and vote in accordance with the recommendation of such third party (or have the third party vote such proxy); OR |
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vote on the proposal and, in consultation with the Compliance Officer, detail how Quantitative Advisors material conflict did not influence the decision-making process. |
The Proxy Committee may address a material conflict of interest by abstaining from voting, provided that he or she has determined that abstaining from voting on the proposal is in the best interests of the Funds.
D. Documenting Conflicts of Interest
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The Proxy Committee shall document the manner in which proxies involving a material conflict of interest have been voted as well as the basis for any determination that Quantitative Advisors does not have a material conflict of interest in respect of a particular matter. Such documentation shall be maintained with the records of Quantitative Advisors.
V. RECORDKEEPING AND DISCLOSURE
Quantitative Advisors maintains the following books and records required by Rule 204-2(c)(2) under the Advisers Act for a period of not less than five years:
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a copy of these proxy voting policies and procedures, including all amendments hereto; |
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a copy of each proxy statement received regarding Fund securities, provided, however, that Quantitative Advisors may rely on the proxy statement filed on EDGAR as its record; |
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a record of each vote Quantitative Advisors casts on behalf of the Funds; |
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a copy of any document created by Quantitative Advisors that was material its making a decision on how to vote proxies on behalf of the Funds or that memorializes the basis for that decision; |
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a copy of each written Fund request for information on how Quantitative Advisors voted proxies on behalf of the Funds; and |
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a copy of any written response by Quantitative Advisors to any Fund request for information on how Quantitative Advisors voted proxies on behalf of the requesting Fund. |
Quantitative Advisors will describe in Part II of its Form ADV (or other brochure fulfilling the requirement of Advisers Act Rule 204-3) its proxy voting policies and procedures and advise the Funds how they may obtain information about how Quantitative Advisors voted their securities. Information about how the Funds securities were voted or a copy of Quantitative Advisors proxy voting policies and procedures free of charge by written request addressed to Quantitative Advisors.
COMPLIANCE POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
For
COLUMBIA PARTNERS, L.L.C.
INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT
Last Updated: March 16, 2007
PROXY VOTING
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I. |
Purpose of These Procedures |
a) Columbia Partners has authority to vote proxies or take other actions on behalf of the funds and accounts it manages when granted such authority by its clients.
b) In exercising this authority, Columbia Partners must act in accordance with the following policies and procedures, which are reasonably designed to ensure that the proxies are voted and other actions (collectively, Actions) are taken in the best interest of Columbia Partners clients, and in accordance with Columbia Partners fiduciary duties and applicable regulations.
c) This procedure sets forth the current policies and procedures of Columbia Partners with regard to the voting of proxies over which Columbia Partners has investment responsibility. These policies and procedures are available to Columbia Partners clients upon request.
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II. |
Proxy Voting Guidelines |
d) The Firm has engaged Institutional Shareholder Services (ISS) Proxy Voting Services (PVS), a subdivision of ISS, to vote proxies on behalf of Columbia Partners clients in a manner consistent with our guidelines on proxy voting. ISS/PVS provides a quarterly summary of Columbia Partners proxy voting records and issues. The CCO is consulted on issues that may involve a conflict of interest. An Account Activity Management Representative maintains a program to arrange for PVS to handle all proxy voting for Columbia Partners clients, maintains lists of such clients, and maintains the on-line records of votes provided for each client by PVS.
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e) We have adopted PVS proxy voting guidelines as our guidelines because we believe they are based on sound theories of corporate governance and are in the best interest of our clients.
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A. |
Voting . Proxies of public companies are voted by PVS according to the guidelines set forth in Appendix B. Proxies for private companies are voted by Columbia Partners, because PVS does not vote private equity proxies, although guidelines apply. The Firm retains the right to vote proxies should the Firm determine that PVS intentions do not best represent the best interests of the client. Each time Columbia Partners does not vote in accordance with PVS guidelines, it will document the reason why the manner in which it voted are in the best interests of its clients. |
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B. |
Authority . Columbia Partners handles proxy voting only when its clients provide that authority. |
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C. |
Client Best Interest . Columbia Partners proxy voting procedures are designed and implemented in a way that is reasonably expected to ensure that proxy matters are conducted in the best interest of clients. |
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D. |
Conflicts of Interest . In some instances, a proxy vote may present a conflict between the interests of a client, on the one hand, and Columbia Partners interests or the interests of one of Columbia Partners consultants. Columbia Partners President will review the conflict with compliance and others, to resolve the issue. In any case, material conflicts are resolved in the best interest of clients where necessary, |
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E. |
ERISA Accounts . Columbia Partners responsibilities for voting ERISA accounts include: the duty of loyalty, prudence, compliance with the plan, as well as a duty to avoid prohibited transactions. |
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F. |
Client Direction . Columbia Partners generally does not respond to client directions to vote proxies in a manner that is different from these policies and procedures. |
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f) |
A summary of our proxy voting guidelines appear in Appendix B. |
g) A record of all proxy decisions and the rationale for voting will be retained and available for inspection by clients at any time in accordance with the procedures listed below. We retain the right to vote differently from PVS and to deviate from PVS guidelines if we believe that the clients interests are best served by a different vote that that proposed by PVS.
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APPENDIX B: |
SUMMARY OF PROXY VOTING GUIDELINES |
SUMMARY OF PVS PROXY VOTING GUIDELINES
The following pages are a summary of the PVS proxy voting guidelines:
Board of Directors
Directors as a group Uncontested Elections: Based on performance record of company, independence, diversity, compensation, responsiveness to shareholders.
Individual Directors: CASE-BY-CASE basis. Also based on attendance at board meetings, independence, committee work, conflicts with other duties, Chapter 7 bankruptcy, SEC violations, and criminal investigations, interlocking directorships, compensation committee members related to egregious executive compensation; and performance.
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Director Nominees in Contested Elections: CASE-BY-CASE basis. Also based on financial performance of company, track record, qualifications of director nominees, offerings for shareholders, whether proposals are realistic, equity ownership positions, and total impact on all stakeholders.
CEO Serving as Chairman: Generally support shareholder proposals calling for the separation of the CEO and chairman positions.
Independent Directors: Generally support shareholder proposals that request that the board be comprised of a majority of independent directors.
Director Diversity: Support diversity.
Stock Ownership Requirements: Vote AGAINST shareholder proposals requiring directors to own a minimum amount of company stock in order to qualify as a director nominee or to remain on the board.
Board Structure: Vote AGAINST classified boards when the issue comes up for vote.
Limit Term of Office: Generally vote AGAINST shareholder proposals to limit the tenure of outside directors.
Cumulative Voting: Vote AGAINST proposals to eliminate cumulative voting. Vote FOR proposals to permit cumulative voting.
Director and Officer Indemnification and Liability Protection: Vote AGAINST proposals to limit or eliminate entirely certain director and officer liabilities.
Indemnification: Vote AGAINST indemnification proposals that would expand individual coverage beyond ordinary legal expenses.
Proxy Contest Defenses
Poison Pills: Vote FOR shareholder proposals that ask a company to submit its poison pill for shareholder ratification. Review on a CASE-BY-CASE basis shareholder proposals to redeem a companys poison pill. Review on a CASE-BY-CASE basis management proposals to ratify a poison pill.
Greenmail: Vote FOR proposals to adopt an anti-greenmail provision.
Shareholder Ability to Remove Directors: Vote AGAINST proposals that provide that directors may be removed only for cause. Vote FOR proposals which seek to restore the authority of shareholders to remove directors with or without cause. Vote FOR proposals that permit shareholders to elect directors to fill board vacancies.
Shareholder Ability to Alter the Size of the Board: Vote FOR proposals that seek to fix the size of the board. Vote AGAINST proposals that give management the ability to alter the size of the board without shareholder approval.
Auditors
Auditor Ratification: Vote FOR proposals to ratify auditors when the amount of audit fees is equal to or greater than three times the amount paid for consulting, unless: i) an auditor has a financial interest in or association with the company, and is therefore not independent; or ii) there is reason to believe that the independent auditor has rendered an opinion which is neither accurate nor indicative of the companys financial position. Vote AGAINST proposals to ratify auditors when the amount of audit fees is less than three times greater than that for consulting fees. WITHHOLD votes from Audit Committee members in cases where consulting fees exceed audit fees. Generally support shareholder proposals to ensure auditor independence through measures such as mandatory auditor rotation (no less than every five years) or prohibiting companies from buying consulting services from their auditor.
Mergers and Acquisitions
Votes on mergers and acquisitions are considered on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, taking into account such factors as impact of the merger on shareholder value, anticipated financial and
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operating benefits realizable through combined synergies, offer price, financial viability, good faith, arms length negotiations, conflicts of interest, fairness opinion, changes in corporate governance and their impact on shareholder rights, and impact on community stakeholders and employees in both workforces.
Fair Price Provisions: Vote FOR fair price proposals as long as the shareholder vote requirement embedded in the provision is no more than a majority of disinterested shares. Vote FOR shareholder proposals to lower the shareholder vote requirement in existing fair price provisions.
Corporate Restructuring: Votes concerning corporate restructuring proposals, including minority squeeze outs, leveraged buyouts, spin-offs, liquidations, and asset sales, are considered on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Appraisal Rights: Vote FOR proposals to restore or provide shareholders with the right of appraisal.
Spin-offs: Votes on spin-offs are considered on a CASE-BY-CASE basis depending on the tax and regulatory advantages, planned use of sale proceeds, market focus, and managerial incentives.
Asset Sales: Votes on asset sales are made on a CASE-BY-CASE basis after considering the impact on the balance sheet/working capital, value received for the asset, and potential elimination of diseconomies.
Liquidations: Votes on liquidations are made on a CASE-BY-CASE basis after reviewing managements efforts to pursue other alternatives, appraisal value of assets, and the compensation plan for executives managing the liquidation.
Changing Corporate Name: Vote FOR changing the corporate name in all instances if proposed and supported by management.
Shareholder Rights
Confidential Voting: Vote FOR confidential voting.
Shareholder Ability to Call Special Meetings: Vote AGAINST proposals to restrict or prohibit shareholder ability to call special meetings. Vote FOR proposals that remove restrictions on the right of shareholders to act independently of management.
Shareholder Ability to Act by Written Consent: Vote AGAINST proposals to restrict or prohibit shareholder ability to take action by written consent. Vote FOR proposals to allow or make easier shareholder action by written consent.
Equal Access: Vote FOR shareholder proposals that would allow significant company shareholders equal access to managements proxy material in order to evaluate and propose voting recommendations on proxy proposals and director nominees, and in order to nominate their own candidates to the board.
Unequal Voting Rights: Vote FOR resolutions that seek to maintain or convert to a one share, one vote capital structure. Vote AGAINST requests for the creation or continuation of dual class capital structures or the creation of new or additional super-voting shares.
Supermajority Shareholder Vote Requirement to Amend the Charter or Bylaws: Vote AGAINST management proposals to require a supermajority shareholder vote to approve charter and bylaw amendments. Vote AGAINST management proposals seeking to lower supermajority shareholder vote requirements when they accompany management sponsored proposals to also change certain charter or bylaw amendments. Vote FOR shareholder proposals to lower supermajority shareholder vote requirements for charter and bylaw amendments.
Supermajority Shareholder Vote Requirement to Approve Mergers: Vote AGAINST management proposals to require a supermajority shareholder vote to approve mergers and other significant business combinations: Vote FOR shareholder proposals to lower supermajority shareholder vote requirements for mergers and other significant business combinations.
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Reimburse Proxy Solicitation Expenses: Decisions to provide full reimbursement for dissidents waging a proxy contest are made on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Capital Structure
Common Stock Authorization: Review on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals to increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for issue. Vote AGAINST proposed common stock authorizations that increase the existing authorization by more than 50 percent unless a clear need for the excess shares is presented by the company.
Reverse Stock Splits: We will review management proposals to implement a reverse stock split on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, taking into account whether there is a corresponding proportional decrease in authorized shares. We will generally support a reverse stock split if management provides a reasonable justification for the split and reduces authorized shares accordingly.
Blank Check Preferred Authorization: Vote FOR proposals to create blank check preferred stock in cases when the company expressly states that the stock will not be used as a takeover defense or. carry superior voting rights. Review on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals that would authorize the creation of new classes of preferred stock with unspecified voting, conversion, dividend, distribution, and other rights. Review on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals to increase the number of authorized blank check preferred shares. If the company does not have any preferred shares outstanding, we will vote AGAINST the requested increase. Vote FOR shareholder proposals to have blank check preferred stock placements, other than those shares issued for the purpose of raising capital or making acquisitions in the normal course of business, submitted for shareholder ratification.
Adjust Par Value of Common Stock: Vote FOR management proposals to reduce the par value of common stock.
Preemptive Rights: Review on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals to create or abolish preemptive rights. In evaluating proposals on preemptive rights, we look at the size of a company and the characteristics of its shareholder base.
Debt Restructuring: We review on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals to increase common and/or preferred shares and to issue shares as part of a debt restructuring plan. We consider certain factor, including dilution, change in control, bankruptcy, and possible self-dealings. Generally approve proposals that facilitate debt restructuring unless there are clear signs of self-dealing or other abuses.
Compensation
Stock Option Plans: In general, PVS considers executive and director compensation proxies on a CASE-BY-CASE basis. When evaluating executive and director compensation matters, we review dilution, full market value, and repricing issues.
Stock Option Expensing: Support shareholder resolutions calling for stock option grants to be treated as an expense for accounting and earnings calculation purposes.
OBRA-Related Compensation Proposals: Vote FOR amendments that place a cap on annual grants or amend administrative features. Vote FOR plans that simply amend shareholder-approved plans to include administrative features or place a cap on the annual grants that any one participant may receive in order to comply with the provisions of Section 162(m) of OBRA.
Amendments to Add Performance-Based Goals: Vote FOR amendments to add performance goals to existing compensation plans to comply with the provisions of Section 162(m) of OBRA.
Amendments to Increase Shares and Retain Tax Deductions Under OBRA: Amendments to existing plans to increase shares reserved and to qualify the plan for favorable tax treatment under the provisions of Section 162(m) should be evaluated on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Approval of Cash or Cash-and-Stock Bonus Plans: Generally vote AGAINST cash or cash-and-stock bonus plans to exempt the compensation from taxes under the provisions of Section 162(m) of OBRA if the plan provides for awards to individual participants in excess of $2 million a
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year. Vote AGAINST plans that are deemed to be excessive because they are not justified by performance measures.
Performance Based Options: Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals that seek to provide for performance based options such as indexed and/or premium priced options.
Shareholder Proposals to Limit Executive and Director Pay: Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals that seek additional disclosure of executive and director pay information. Current SEC requirements only call for the disclosure of the top 5 most highly compensated executives and only if they earn more than $100,000 in salary and benefits. Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals that seek to eliminate outside directors retirement benefits. Review on a CASE-BY-CASE basis all other.
Golden and Tin Parachutes: Vote FOR shareholder proposals to all have golden and tin Parachute agreements submitted for shareholder ratification. Generally vote AGAINST all proposals to ratify golden parachutes. VOTE ON TIN PARACHUTES ON A CASE-BY-CASE BASIS.
Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs): Vote FOR proposals that request shareholder approval in order to implement an ESOP or to increase authorized shares for existing ESOPs except in cases when the number of shares allocated to the ESOP is deemed excessive (i.e. generally greater than five percent of outstanding shares).
Corporate Responsibility & Accountability, Social, Environmental And Sustainability Issues
Special Policy Review and Shareholder Advisory Committees: Support these proposals when they appear to offer a potentially effective method for enhancing shareholder value.
Military Sales: Generally support reports on foreign military sales and economic conversion of facilities. Generally vote AGAINST proposals asking a company to develop specific military contracting criteria.
Political Contributions Reporting: Support proposals affirming political non-partisanship. Support reporting of political and political action committee (PAC) contributions. Support establishment of corporate political contributions guidelines and reporting provisions.
Equal Employment Opportunity and Other Work Place Practice Reporting Issues: Vote FOR proposals calling for action on equal employment opportunity and anti-discrimination. Vote FOR legal and regulatory compliance and public reporting related to non-discrimination, affirmative action, workplace health and safety, environmental issues, and labor policies and practices that affect long-term corporate performance. Vote FOR non-discrimination in salary, wages, and all benefits.
High-Performance Workplace: Generally support proposals that incorporate high-performance workplace standards.
Non-Discrimination in Retirement Benefits: Support non-discrimination in retirement benefits.
Fair Lending: Support compliance with fair-lending laws. Support reporting on overall lending policies and data.
CERES Principles: Vote FOR the adoption of the CERES Principles. Vote FOR adoption of reports to shareholders on environmental issues.
MacBride Principles: Support the MacBride Principles for operations in Northern Ireland that request companies to abide by equal employment opportunity policies.
Contract Supplier Standards: We evaluate certain factors and favor policies that we believe help us comply with governmental mandates and corporate policies regarding nondiscrimination, affirmative action, work place safety and health, and other basic labor protections, by evaluating certain factors.
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Corporate Conduct, Human Rights, and Labor Codes: Support the principles and codes of conduct relating to company investment and/or operations in countries with patterns of human rights abuses or pertaining to geographic regions experiencing political turmoil (Northern Ireland, Columbia, Burma, former Soviet Union, and China). Support the implementation and reporting on ILO codes of conduct. Support independent monitoring programs in conjunction with local and respected religious and human rights groups to monitor supplier and licensee compliance with Codes.
International Financial Related: Generally support proposals asking for policy clarification and reporting on foreign-related matters that can materially impact the companys short and long-term bottom-line.
State of Incorporation
Voting on State Takeover Statutes: We review on a CASE-BY-CASE basis. We generally support opting into stakeholder protection statutes if they provide comprehensive protections for employees and community stakeholders.
Offshore Re-Incorporations & Tax Havens: For a company that seeks to reincorporate, we evaluate the merits of the move on a CASE-BY-CASE basis. When reviewing a proposed offshore move, we will consider certain factors. We will generally support shareholder requests calling for expatriate companies that are domiciled abroad yet predominantly owned and operated in America to re-domesticate back to a U.S. state jurisdiction.
POLARIS CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. PROXY POLICY
Polaris Capital Management, Inc. (the Adviser)s policy regarding the voting of proxies consists of (1) the statement of the law and policy, (2) identification of the person(s) responsible for implementing this policy, and (3) the procedures adopted by the Adviser to implement the policy.
1. |
Statement of Law and Policy |
A. |
Law |
Because a registered investment company (fund) is the beneficial owner of its portfolio securities, it has the right to vote proxies relative to its portfolio securities. The Securities and Exchange Commission has stated that a funds board has the obligation to vote proxies. As a practical matter, fund boards typically delegate this function to the funds adviser/sub-adviser.
Rule 206(4)-6 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 requires that a registered investment adviser with proxy voting authority generally must satisfy the following four requirements: (i) adopt and implement written proxy voting policies and procedures reasonably designed to ensure the adviser votes client and fund securities in the best interests of clients and fund investors and addressing how conflicts of interest are handled; (ii) disclose its proxy voting policies and procedures to clients and fund investors and furnish clients and fund investors with a copy if they request it; (iii) inform clients and fund investors as to how they can obtain information from the adviser on how their securities were voted; and (iv) retain certain records.
B. |
Policy |
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The Adviser will vote all proxies delivered to it by the funds custodian. The vote will be cast in such a manner, which, in the Advisers judgment, will be in the best interests of shareholders. The Adviser contracts with Boston Investor Services, Inc. for the processing of proxies.
The Adviser will generally comply with the following guidelines:
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Routine Corporate Governance Issues |
The Adviser will vote in favor of management.
Routine issues may include, but not be limited to, election of directors, appointment of auditors, changes in state of incorporation or capital structure. In certain cases the Adviser will vote in accordance with the guidelines of specific clients.
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Non-routine Corporate Governance Issues |
The Adviser will vote in favor of management unless voting with management would limit shareholder rights or have a negative impact on shareholder value.
Non-routine issues may include, but not be limited to, corporate restructuring/mergers and acquisitions, proposals affecting shareholder rights, anti-takeover issues, executive compensation, and social and political issues.
In cases where the number of shares in all stock option plans exceeds 10% of basic shares outstanding, the Adviser generally votes against proposals that will increase shareholder dilution.
In general the Adviser will vote against management regarding any proposal that allows management to issue shares during a hostile takeover.
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Non Voting of Proxies |
The Adviser may not vote proxies if voting may be burdensome or expensive, or otherwise not in the best interest of clients.
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Conflicts of Interest |
Should the Adviser have a conflict of interest with regard to voting a proxy, the Adviser will disclose such conflict to the client and obtain client direction as to how to vote the proxy.
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Record Keeping |
The following records will be kept for each client:
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Copies of the Advisers proxy voting policies and procedures. |
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Copies of all proxy statements received. |
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A record of each vote the Adviser casts on behalf of the client along with any notes or documents that were material to making a decision on how to vote a proxy including an abstention on behalf of a client, including the resolution of any conflict. |
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A copy of each written client request for information on how the Adviser voted proxies on behalf of the client and a copy of any written response by the advisor. |
This proxy policy will be distributed to all clients of the Adviser and added to Part II of Form ADV. A hard copy of the policy will be included in the Compliance Program and is available on request.
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2. |
Who is Responsible for Implementing this Policy? |
The Compliance Officer is responsible for implementing, monitoring and updating this policy, including reviewing decisions made on non-routine issues and potential conflicts of interest. The Compliance Officer is also responsible for maintaining copies of all records and backup documentation in accordance with applicable record keeping requirements. The Compliance Officer can delegate in writing any of his or her responsibilities under this policy to another person.
3. |
Procedures to Implement this Policy |
Conflicts of Interest
From time to time, proxy voting proposals may raise conflicts between the interests of the Advisers clients and the interests of the Adviser, its employees, or its affiliates. The Adviser must take certain steps designed to ensure, and must be able to demonstrate that those steps resulted in, a decision to vote the proxies that was based on the clients best interest and was not the product of the conflict. For example, conflicts of interest may arise when:
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A proponent of a proxy proposal has a business relationship with the Adviser or its affiliates; |
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The Adviser or its affiliates have business relationships with participants in proxy contests, corporate directors, or director candidates; |
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An Adviser employee has a personal interest in the outcome of a particular matter before shareholders; or |
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An Adviser employee has a business or personal relationship with participants in proxy contests, corporate directors or director candidates. |
The Compliance Officer is responsible for identifying proxy voting proposals that present a conflict of interest. If the Adviser receives a proxy relating to an issuer that raises a conflict of interest, the Compliance Officer shall determine whether the conflict is material to any specific proposal included within the proxy. The Compliance Officer will determine whether a proposal is material as follows:
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Routine Proxy Proposals Proxy proposals that are routine shall be presumed not to involve a material conflict of interest for the Adviser, unless the Compliance Officer has actual knowledge that a routine proposal should be treated differently. For this purpose, routine proposals would typically include matters such as uncontested election of directors, meeting formalities, and approval of an annual report/financial statements. |
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Non-Routine Proxy Proposals Proxy proposals that are non-routine will be presumed to involve a material conflict of interest, unless the Compliance Officer determines that the Adviser does not have such a conflict of interest. For this purpose, non-routine proposals would typically include any contested matter, including a contested election of directors, a merger or sale of substantial assets, a change in the articles of incorporation that materially affects the |
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rights of shareholders, and compensation matters for management (e.g., stock option plans, retirement plans, profit sharing, or other special remuneration plans). The Adviser and the Compliance Officer will determine on a case-by-case basis that particular non-routine proposals do not involve a material conflict of interest, the Compliance Officer will consider whether the Adviser or any of its officers, directors, employees, or affiliates may have a business or personal relationship with a participant in a proxy contest, the issuer itself or the issuers pension plan, corporate directors, or candidates for directorships.
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The Compliance Officer will record in writing the basis for any such determination. |
SSgA Funds Management, Inc.
Proxy Voting Procedures, Amended April 23, 2007
Introduction
SSgA Funds Management, Inc. (FM) seeks to vote proxies for which it has discretionary authority in the best interests of its clients. This entails voting proxies in a way which FM believes will maximize the monetary value of each portfolios holdings with respect to proposals that are reasonably anticipated to have an impact on the current or potential value of a security. Absent unusual circumstances or specific client instructions, we vote proxies on a particular matter in the same way for all clients, regardless of their investment style or strategies. FM takes the view that voting in a manner consistent with maximizing the value of our clients holdings will benefit our direct clients (e.g. investment funds) and, indirectly, the ultimate owners and beneficiaries of those clients (e.g. fund shareholders).
Oversight of the proxy voting process is the responsibility of the State Street Global Advisors (SSgA) Investment Committee. The SSgA Investment Committee reviews and approves amendments to the FM Proxy Voting Policy and delegates authority to vote in accordance with this policy to the FM Proxy Review Committee, a subcommittee of the SSgA Investment Committee. FM retains the final authority and responsibility for voting. In addition to voting proxies, FM:
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1) |
describes its proxy voting procedures to its clients in Part II of its Form ADV; |
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2) |
provides the client with this written proxy policy, upon request; |
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3) |
discloses to its clients how they may obtain information on how FM voted the clients proxies; |
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4) |
matches proxies received with holdings as of record date; |
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5) |
reconciles holdings as of record date and rectifies any discrepancies; |
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6) |
generally applies its proxy voting policy consistently and keeps records of votes for each client; |
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7) |
documents the reason(s) for voting for all non-routine items; and |
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8) |
keeps records of such proxy voting available for inspection by the client or governmental agencies. |
Process
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The FM Manager of Corporate Governance is responsible for monitoring proxy voting on behalf of our clients and executing the day to day implementation of this Proxy Voting Policy. As stated above, oversight of the proxy voting process is the responsibility of the SSgA Investment Committee.
In order to facilitate our proxy voting process, FM retains Institutional Shareholder Services (ISS), a firm with expertise in the proxy voting and corporate governance fields. ISS assists in the proxy voting process, including acting as our voting agent (i.e. actually processing the proxies), advising us as to current and emerging governance issues that we may wish to address, interpreting this policy and applying it to individual proxy items, and providing analytical information concerning specific issuers and proxy items as well as governance trends and developments. This Policy does not address all issues as to which we may receive proxies nor does it seek to describe in detail all factors that we may consider relevant to any particular proposal. To assist ISS in interpreting and applying this Policy, we meet with ISS at least annually, provide written guidance on certain topics generally on an annual basis and communicate more regularly as necessary to discuss how specific issues should be addressed. This guidance permits ISS to apply this Policy without consulting us as to each proxy but in a manner that is consistent with our investment view and not their own governance opinions. If an issue raised by a proxy is not addressed by this Policy or our prior guidance to ISS, ISS refers the proxy to us for direction on voting. On issues that we do not believe affect the economic value of our portfolio holdings or are considered by us to be routine matters as to which we have not provided specific guidance, we have agreed with ISS to act as our voting agent in voting such proxies in accordance with its own recommendations which, to the extent possible, take into account this Policy and FMs general positions on similar matters. The Manager of Corporate Governance is responsible, working with ISS, for submitting proxies in a timely manner and in accordance with our policy. The Manager of Corporate Governance works with ISS to establish and update detailed procedures to implement this policy.
From time to time, proxy votes will be solicited which fall into one of the following categories:
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(i) |
proxies which involve special circumstances and require additional research and discussion (e.g. a material merger or acquisition, or a material governance issue with the potential to become a significant precedent in corporate governance); or |
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(ii) |
proxies which are not directly addressed by our policies and which are reasonably anticipated to have an impact on the current or potential value of a security or which we do not consider to be routine. |
These proxies are identified through a number of methods, including but not limited to notification from ISS, concerns of clients, review by internal proxy specialists, and questions from consultants. The role of third parties in identifying special circumstances does not mean that we will depart from our guidelines; these third parties are all treated as information sources. If they raise issues that we determine to be prudent before voting a particular proxy or departing from our prior guidance to ISS, we will weigh the issue along with other relevant factors before making an informed decision. In all cases, we vote proxies as to which we have voting discretion in a manner that we determine to be in the best interest of our clients. As stated above, if the proposal has a quantifiable effect on shareholder value, we seek to maximize the value of a portfolios holdings. With respect to matters that are not so quantifiable, we exercise greater judgment but still seek to maximize long-term value by promoting sound governance policies. The goal of the Proxy Voting Committee is to make the most informed decision possible.
In instances of special circumstances or issues not directly addressed by our policies or guidance to ISS, the FM Manager of Corporate Governance will refer the item to the Chairman of the Investment Committee for a determination of the proxy vote. The first determination is whether there is a material conflict of interest between the interests of our client and those of FM or its affiliates (as explained in greater detail below under Potential Conflicts). If the Manager of Corporate Governance and the Chairman of the Investment Committee determine that there is a material conflict, the process detailed below under Potential Conflicts is followed. If there is no material conflict, we examine the proposals that involve special circumstances or are not addressed by our policy or guidance in detail in seeking to determine what vote would be in the best interests of our clients. At this point, the Chairman of the Investment Committee makes a voting decision in our clients best interest. However, the Chairman of the Investment Committee may determine that a proxy involves the consideration of particularly significant issues and present the proxy item to the Proxy Review Committee and/or to the entire Investment Committee for a final decision on voting the proxy. The Investment Committee will use the same rationale for determining the appropriate vote.
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FM reviews proxies of non-US issuers in the context of these guidelines. However, FM also endeavors to show sensitivity to local market practices when voting these proxies, which may lead to different votes. For example, in certain foreign markets, items are put to vote which have little or no effect on shareholder value, but which are routinely voted on in those jurisdictions; in the absence of material effect on our clients, we will follow market practice. FM votes in all markets where it is feasible to do so. Note that certain custodians utilized by our clients do not offer proxy voting in every foreign jurisdiction. In such a case, FM will be unable to vote such a proxy.
Voting
For most issues and in most circumstances, we abide by the following general guidelines. However, it is important to remember that these are simply guidelines. As discussed above, in certain circumstances, we may determine that it would be in the best interests of our clients to deviate from these guidelines.
I. |
Generally, FM votes for the following ballot items: |
Board of Directors
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Elections of directors who (i) we determine to be adequately independent of management and (ii) do not simultaneously serve on an unreasonable (as determined by FM) number of other boards (other than those affiliated with the issuer). Factors that we consider in evaluating independence include whether the nominee is an employee of or related to an employee of the issuer or its auditor, whether the nominee provides professional services to the issuer, or whether the nominee receives non-board related compensation from the issuer |
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Directors' compensation, provided the amounts are not excessive relative to other issuers in the market or industry. In making such a determination, we review whether the compensation is overly dilutive to existing shareholders. |
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Proposals to limit directors' liability and/or expand indemnification of directors, provided that a director shall only be eligible for indemnification and liability protection if he or she has not acted in bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office |
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Discharge of board members duties, in the absence of pending litigation, governmental investigation, charges of fraud or other indicia of significant concern |
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The establishment of annual elections of the board of directors unless the board is composed by a majority of independent directors, the board's key committees (auditing, nominating and compensation) are composed of independent directors, and there are no other material governance issues or performance issues. |
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Mandates requiring a majority of independent directors on the Board of Directors |
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Mandates that Audit, Compensation and Nominating Committee members should all be independent directors |
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Mandates giving the Audit Committee the sole responsibility for the selection and dismissal of the auditing firm and any subsequent result of audits are reported to the audit committee |
_________________________
? Common for non-US issuers; request from the issuer to discharge from liability the directors or auditors with respect to actions taken by them during the previous year.
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Elimination of cumulative voting |
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Establishment of confidential voting |
Auditors
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Approval of auditors, unless the fees paid to auditors are excessive; auditors fees will be deemed excessive if the non-audit fees for the prior year constituted 50% or more of the total fees paid to the auditors |
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Auditors' compensation, provided the issuer has properly disclosed audit and non-audit fees relative to market practice and that non-audit fees for the prior year constituted no more than 50% of the total fees paid to the auditors |
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Discharge of auditors |
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Approval of financial statements, auditor reports and allocation of income |
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Requirements that auditors attend the annual meeting of shareholders |
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Disclosure of Auditor and Consulting relationships when the same or related entities are conducting both activities |
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Establishment of a selection committee responsible for the final approval of significant management consultant contract awards where existing firms are already acting in an auditing function |
Capitalization
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Dividend payouts that are greater than or equal to country and industry standards; we generally support a dividend which constitutes 30% or more of net income |
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Authorization of share repurchase programs, unless the issuer does not clearly state the business purpose for the program, a definitive number of shares to be repurchased, and the time frame for the repurchase |
|
|
Capitalization changes which eliminate other classes of stock and/or unequal voting rights |
|
|
Changes in capitalization authorization for stock splits, stock dividends, and other specified needs which are no more than 50% of the existing authorization for U.S. companies and no more than 100% of existing authorization for non-U.S. companies. |
|
|
Elimination of pre-emptive rights for share issuance of less than a certain percentage (country specific - ranging from 5% to 20%) of the outstanding shares, unless even such small amount could have a material dilutive effect on existing shareholders (e.g. in illiquid markets) |
Anti-Takeover Measures
|
|
Elimination of shareholder rights plans (poison pill) |
|
|
Amendment to a shareholder rights plans (poison pill) where the terms of the new plans are more favorable to shareholders ability to accept unsolicited offers (i.e. if one of the following conditions are |
_________________________
? Common for non-US issuers; request from the issuer to discharge from liability the directors or auditors with respect to actions taken by them during the previous year.
64
met: (i) minimum trigger, flip-in or flip-over of 20%, (ii) maximum term of three years, (iii) no dead hand, slow hand, no hand or similar feature that limits the ability of a future board to redeem the pill, and (iv) inclusion of a shareholder redemption feature (qualifying offer clause), permitting ten percent of the shares to call a special meeting or seek a written consent to vote on rescinding the pill if the board refuses to redeem the pill 90 days after a qualifying offer is announced)
|
|
Adoption or renewal of a non-US issuers shareholder rights plans (poison pill) if the following conditions are met: (i) minimum trigger, flip-in or flip-over of 20%, (ii) maximum term of three years, (iii) no dead hand, slow hand, no hand or similar feature that limits the ability of a future board to redeem the pill, and (iv) inclusion of a shareholder redemption feature (qualifying offer clause), permitting ten percent of the shares to call a special meeting or seek a written consent to vote on rescinding the pill if the board refuses to redeem the pill 90 days after a qualifying offer is announced |
|
|
Reduction or elimination of super-majority vote requirements, unless management of the issuer was concurrently seeking to or had previously made such reduction or elimination |
|
|
Mandates requiring shareholder approval of a shareholder rights plans (poison pill) |
|
|
Repeals of various anti-takeover related provisions |
Executive Compensation/Equity Compensation
|
|
Stock purchase plans with an exercise price of not less that 85% of fair market value |
|
|
Stock option plans which are incentive based and not excessively dilutive. In order to assess the dilutive effect, we divide the number of shares required to fully fund the proposed plan, the number of authorized but unissued shares, and the issued but unexercised shares by fully diluted share count. We review that number in light of certain factors, including the industry of the issuer, in order to make our determination as to whether the dilution is excessive. |
|
|
Other stock-based plans which are not excessively dilutive, using the same process set forth in the preceding bullet |
|
|
Expansions to reporting of financial or compensation-related information, within reason |
|
|
Proposals requiring the disclosure of executive retirement benefits if the issuer does not have an independent compensation committee |
Routine Business Items
|
|
General updating of or corrective amendments to charter not otherwise specifically addressed herein, unless such amendments would reasonably be expected to diminish shareholder rights (e.g. extension of directors term limits, amending shareholder vote requirement to amend the charter documents, insufficient information provided as to the reason behind the amendment) |
|
|
Change in Corporation Name |
|
|
Mandates that amendments to bylaws or charters have shareholder approval |
Other
|
|
Adoption of anti-"greenmail" provisions, provided that the proposal: (i) defines greenmail; (ii) prohibits buyback offers to large block holders (holders of at least 1% of the outstanding shares and in certain cases, a greater amount, as determined by the Proxy Review Committee) not made to all shareholders |
65
or not approved by disinterested shareholders; and (iii) contains no anti-takeover measures or other provisions restricting the rights of shareholders
|
|
Repeals or prohibitions of "greenmail" provisions |
|
|
"Opting-out" of business combination provision |
II. Generally, FM votes against the following items:
Board of Directors
|
|
Establishment of classified boards of directors, unless 80% of the board is independent |
|
|
Proposals requesting re-election of insiders or affiliated directors who serve on audit, compensation, or nominating committees |
|
|
Limits to tenure of directors |
|
|
Requirements that candidates for directorships own large amounts of stock before being eligible to be elected |
|
|
Restoration of cumulative voting in the election of directors |
|
|
Removal of a director, unless we determine the director (i) is not adequately independent of management or (ii) simultaneously serves on an unreasonable (as determined by FM) number of other boards (other than those affiliated with the issuer). Factors that we consider in evaluating independence include whether the director is an employee of or related to an employee of the issuer or its auditor, whether the director provides professional services to the issuer, or whether the director receives non-board related compensation from the issuer Elimination of Shareholders Right to Call Special Meetings |
|
|
Proposals that relate to the "transaction of other business as properly comes before the meeting", which extend "blank check" powers to those acting as proxy |
|
|
Approval of Directors who have failed to act on a shareholder proposal that has been approved by a majority of outstanding shares |
|
|
Directors at companies where prior non-cash compensation was improperly "backdated" or "springloaded" where one of the following scenarios exists: |
|
o |
(i) it is unknown whether the Compensation Committee had knowledge of such backdating at the time, (ii) the Compensation Committee was not independent at the time, and (iii) the director seeking reelection served on the Compensation Committee at the time; or |
|
o |
(i) it is unknown whether the Compensation Committee had knowledge of such backdating at the time, (ii) the Compensation Committee was independent at the time, and (iii) sufficient controls have not been implemented to avoid similar improper payments going forward; or |
|
o |
(i) the Compensation Committee had knowledge of such backdating at the time, and (ii) the director seeking reelection served on the Compensation Committee at the time; or |
|
o |
(i) the Compensation Committee did not have knowledge of such backdating at the time, and (ii) sufficient controls have not been implemented to avoid similar improper payments going forward |
66
Capitalization
|
|
Capitalization changes that add "blank check" classes of stock (i.e. classes of stock with undefined voting rights) or classes that dilute the voting interests of existing shareholders |
|
|
Capitalization changes that exceed 100% of the issuers current authorized capital unless management provides an appropriate rationale for such change |
Anti-Takeover Measures
|
|
Anti-takeover and related provisions that serve to prevent the majority of shareholders from exercising their rights or effectively deter appropriate tender offers and other offers |
|
|
Adjournment of Meeting to Solicit Additional Votes |
|
|
Shareholder rights plans that do not include a shareholder redemption feature (qualifying offer clause), permitting ten percent of the shares to call a special meeting or seek a written consent to vote on rescinding the pill if the board refuses to redeem the pill 90 days after a qualifying offer is announced |
|
|
Adoption or renewal of a US issuers shareholder rights plan (poison pill) |
Executive Compensation/Equity Compensation
|
|
Excessive compensation (i.e. compensation plans which are deemed by FM to be overly dilutive) |
|
|
Retirement bonuses for non-executive directors and auditors |
|
|
Proposals requiring the disclosure of executive retirement benefits if the issuer has an independent compensation committee |
Routine Business Items
|
|
Amendments to bylaws which would require super-majority shareholder votes to pass or repeal certain provisions |
|
|
Reincorporation in a location which has more stringent anti-takeover and related provisions |
|
|
Proposals asking the board to adopt any form of majority voting, unless the majority standard indicated is based on a majority of shares outstanding. |
Other
|
|
Requirements that the company provide costly, duplicative, or redundant reports, or reports of a non-business nature |
|
|
Restrictions related to social, political, or special interest issues which affect the ability of the company to do business or be competitive and which have significant financial or best-interest impact |
|
|
Proposals which require inappropriate endorsements or corporate actions |
|
|
Proposals asking companies to adopt full tenure holding periods for their executives |
67
III. FM evaluates Mergers and Acquisitions on a case-by-case basis. Consistent with our proxy policy, we support management in seeking to achieve their objectives for shareholders. However, in all cases, FM uses its discretion in order to maximize shareholder value. FM generally votes as follows:
|
|
Against offers with potentially damaging consequences for minority shareholders because of illiquid stock, especially in some non-US markets |
|
|
Against offers when we believe that reasonable prospects exist for an enhanced bid or other bidders |
|
|
Against offers where, at the time of voting, the current market price of the security exceeds the bid price |
|
|
For proposals to restructure or liquidate closed end investment funds in which the secondary market price is substantially lower than the net asset value |
|
|
For offers made at a premium where no other higher bidder exists |
Protecting Shareholder Value
We at FM agree entirely with the United States Department of Labor's position that "where proxy voting decisions may have an effect on the economic value of the plan's underlying investment, plan fiduciaries should make proxy voting decisions with a view to enhancing the value of the shares of stock" (IB 94-2). Our proxy voting policy and procedures are designed with the intent that our clients receive the best possible returns on their investments. We meet directly with corporation representatives and participate in conference calls and third-party inquiries in order to ensure our processes are as fully informed as possible. However, we use each piece of information we receive whether from clients, consultants, the media, the issuer, ISS or other sources -- as one part of our analysis in seeking to carry out our duties as a fiduciary and act in the best interest of our clients. We are not unduly influenced by the identity of any particular source, but use all the information to form our opinion as to the best outcome for our clients.
Through our membership in the Council of Institutional Investors as well as our contact with corporate pension plans, public funds, and unions, we are also able to communicate extensively with other shareholders regarding events and issues relevant to individual corporations, general industry, and current shareholder concerns.
In addition, FM monitors target lists of underperforming companies prepared by various shareholder groups, including: California Public Employee Retirement System, The City of New York - Office of the Comptroller, International Brotherhood of Teamsters, and Council of Institutional Investors. Companies, so identified, receive an individual, systematic review by the FM Manager of Corporate Governance and the Proxy Review Committee, as necessary.
As an active shareholder, FM's role is to support corporate policies that serve the best interests of our clients. Though we do not seek involvement in the day-to-day operations of an organization, we recognize the need for conscientious oversight of and input into management decisions that may affect a company's value. To that end, our monitoring of corporate management and industry events is substantially more detailed than that of the typical shareholder. We have demonstrated our willingness to vote against management-sponsored initiatives and to support shareholder proposals when appropriate. To date we have not filed proposals or initiated letter-writing or other campaigns, but have used our active participation in the corporate governance process -- especially the proxy voting process -- as the most effective means by which to communicate our and our clients' legitimate shareholder concerns. Should an issue arise in conjunction with a specific corporation that cannot be satisfactorily resolved through these means, we shall consider other approaches.
Potential Conflicts
As discussed above under Process, from time to time, FM will review a proxy which may present a potential conflict of interest. As a fiduciary to its clients, FM takes these potential conflicts very seriously While FMs only
68
goal in addressing any such potential conflict is to ensure that proxy votes are cast in the clients best interests and are not affected by FMs potential conflict, there are a number of courses FM may take. Although various relationships could be deemed to give rise to a conflict of interest, we have determined that two categories of relationships present a sufficiently serious concern to warrant an alternative process: customers of FM or its affiliates which are among the top 100 clients of FM and its affiliates based upon revenue; and the 10 largest broker-dealers used by SSgA, based upon revenue (a Material Relationship).
When the matter falls clearly within the polices set forth above or the guidance previously provided by FM to ISS and the proxy is to be voted in accordance with that guidance, we do not believe that such decision represents a conflict of interest and no special procedures are warranted.
In circumstances where either (i) the matter does not fall clearly within the policies set forth above or the guidance previously provided to ISS, or (ii) FM determines that voting in accordance with such policies or guidance is not in the best interests of its clients, the Manager of Corporate Governance will compare the name of the issuer against a list of the top 100 revenue generating clients of State Street Corporation and its affiliates and a list of the top 10 broker-dealer relationships to determine if a Material Relationship exists. (These lists are updated quarterly.) If the issuers name appears on either list and the pre-determined policy is not being followed, FM will employ the services of a third party, wholly independent of FM, its affiliates and those parties involved in the proxy issue, to determine the appropriate vote. However, in certain circumstances the Proxy Review Committee may determine that the use of a third party fiduciary is not necessary or appropriate, either because the matter involved does not involve a material issue or because the issue in question affects the underlying value of the portfolio position and it is appropriate for FM, notwithstanding the potential conflict of interest, to vote the security in a manner that it determines will maximize the value to its client. In such situations, the Proxy Committee, or if a broader discussion is warranted, the SSgA Investment Committee, shall make a decision as to the voting of the proxy. The basis for the voting decision, including the basis for the determination that the decision is in the best interests of FMs clients, shall be formalized in writing as a part of the minutes to the Investment Committee.
Recordkeeping
In accordance with applicable law, FM shall retain the following documents for not less than five years from the end of the year in which the proxies were voted, the first two years in FMs office:
|
1) |
FMs Proxy Voting Policy and any additional procedures created pursuant to such Policy; |
|
2) |
a copy of each proxy statement FM receives regarding securities held by its clients (note: this requirement may be satisfied by a third party who has agreed in writing to do so or by obtaining a copy of the proxy statement from the EDGAR database); |
|
3) |
a record of each vote cast by FM (note: this requirement may be satisfied by a third party who has agreed in writing to do so); |
|
4) |
a copy of any document created by FM that was material in making its voting decision or that memorializes the basis for such decision; and |
|
5) |
a copy of each written request from a client, and response to the client, for information on how FM voted the clients proxies. |
Disclosure of Client Voting Information
Any client who wishes to receive information on how its proxies were voted should contact its FM client service officer.
PROXY VOTING POLICY
PanAgora Asset Management, Inc.
69
Introduction
PanAgora Asset Management (PanAgora) seeks to vote proxies in the best interests of its clients. In the ordinary course, this entails voting proxies in a way that PanAgora believes will maximize the monetary value of each portfolios holdings. PanAgora takes the view that this will benefit our direct clients and, indirectly, the ultimate owners and beneficiaries of those clients.
Oversight of the proxy voting process is the responsibility of the Investment Committee. The Investment Committee reviews and approves amendments to the PanAgora Proxy Voting Policy and delegates authority to vote in accordance with this policy to its third party proxy voting service. PanAgora retains the final authority and responsibility for voting. In addition to voting proxies, PanAgora:
|
9) |
describes its proxy voting procedures to its clients in Part II of its Form ADV; |
|
10) |
provides the client with this written proxy policy, upon request; |
|
11) |
discloses to its clients how they may obtain information on how PanAgora voted the clients proxies; |
|
12) |
generally applies its proxy voting policy consistently and keeps records of votes for each client in order to verify the consistency of such voting; |
|
13) |
documents the reason(s) for voting for all non-routine items; and |
|
14) |
keeps records of such proxy votes. |
Process
PanAgoras Chief Compliance Officer is responsible for monitoring proxy voting. As stated above, oversight of the proxy voting process is the responsibility of the Investment Committee, which retains oversight responsibility for all investment activities of PanAgora.
In order to facilitate our proxy voting process, PanAgora retains a firm with expertise in the proxy voting and corporate governance fields to assist in the due diligence process. The Chief Compliance Officer has delegated the responsibility of working with this firm to the Compliance Manager responsible for oversight of PanAgoras third party proxy agent, for ensuring that proxies are submitted in a timely manner.
All proxies received on behalf of PanAgora clients are forwarded to our proxy voting firm. If (i) the request falls within one of the guidelines listed below, and (ii) there are no special circumstances relating to that company or proxy which come to our attention (as discussed below), the proxy is voted according to our proxy voting firms guidelines as adopted by the Investment Policy Committee.
70
However, from time to time, proxy votes will be solicited which (i) involve special circumstances and require additional research and discussion or (ii) are not directly addressed by our policies. These proxies are identified through a number of methods, including but not limited to notification from our third party proxy voting specialist, concerns of clients or portfolio managers, and questions from consultants.
In instances of special circumstances or issues not directly addressed by our policies, one of the Co-Chairmen of the Investment Committee is consulted by the Chief Compliance Officer for a determination of the proxy vote. The first determination is whether there is a material conflict of interest between the interests of our client and those of PanAgora. If a Co-Chairman of the Investment Committee determines that there is a material conflict, the process detailed below under Potential Conflicts is followed. If there is no material conflict, the Co-Chairman will examine each of the issuer's proposals in detail in seeking to determine what vote would be in the best interests of our clients. At this point, a Co-Chairman of the Investment Committee makes a voting decision based on maximizing the monetary value of each portfolios holdings. However, either Co-Chairman of the Investment Committee may determine that a proxy involves the consideration of particularly significant issues and present the proxy to the entire Investment Committee for a decision on voting the proxy.
PanAgora also endeavors to show sensitivity to local market practices when voting proxies of non-U.S. issuers.
Potential Conflicts
As discussed above under Process, from time to time, PanAgora will review a proxy that presents a potential material conflict. An example could arise when PanAgora has business or other relationships with participants involved in proxy contests, such as a candidate for a corporate directorship.
As a fiduciary to its clients, PanAgora takes these potential conflicts very seriously. While PanAgoras only goal in addressing any such potential conflict is to ensure that proxy votes are cast in the clients best interests and are not affected by PanAgoras potential conflict, there are a number of courses PanAgora may take. The final decision as to which course to follow shall be made by the Investment Committee.
Casting a vote which simply follows PanAgoras pre-determined policy eliminates PanAgoras discretion on the particular issue and hence avoid the conflict.
In other cases, where the matter presents a potential material conflict and is not clearly within one of the enumerated proposals, or is of such a nature that PanAgora believes more active involvement is necessary, a Co-Chairman of the Investment Committee shall present the proxy to the Investment Committee, who will follow one of two courses of action. First, PanAgora may employ the services of a third party, wholly independent of PanAgora, its affiliates and those parties involved in the proxy issue, to determine the appropriate vote.
71
Second, in certain situations the Investment Committee may determine that the employment of a third party is unfeasible, impractical or unnecessary. In such situations, the Investment Committee shall make a decision as to the voting of the proxy. The basis for the voting decision, including the basis for the determination that the decision is in the best interests of PanAgoras clients, shall be formalized in writing. As stated above, which action is appropriate in any given scenario would be the decision of the Investment Committee in carrying out its duty to ensure that the proxies are voted in the clients, and not PanAgoras, best interests.
Recordkeeping
In accordance with applicable law, PanAgora shall retain the following documents for not less than five years from the end of the year in which the proxies were voted, the first two years in PanAgoras office:
|
6) |
PanAgoras Proxy Voting Policy and any additional procedures created pursuant to such Policy; |
|
7) |
a copy of each proxy statement PanAgora receives regarding securities held by its clients (note: this requirement may be satisfied by a third party who has agreed in writing to do); |
|
8) |
a record of each vote cast by PanAgora (note: this requirement may be satisfied by a third party who has agreed in writing to do so); |
|
9) |
a copy of any document created by PanAgora that was material in making its voting decision or that memorializes the basis for such decision; and |
|
10) |
a copy of each written request from a client, and response to the client, for information on how PanAgora voted the clients proxies. |
Disclosure of Client Voting Information
Any client of PanAgora who wishes to receive information on how their proxies were voted should contact its Client Service Manager.
72
Part C Other Information
Item 23. Exhibits
|
(a) |
Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, dated April 2, 1990 (i) |
|
(1) |
Amendment 1, Dated July 18, 1993, to the Agreement and Declaration of Trust, Dated April 2, 1990 (i) |
|
(2) |
Establishment and Designation of Class A Shares Dated July 26, 2005 (vii) |
|
(3) |
Amendment to establish the Quant Foreign Value Small Cap Fund dated April 29, 2008, to the Agreement and Declaration of Trust, Dated April 2, 1990 (x). |
|
(4) |
Amendment to change names of the Funds, dated April 29, 2008, to the Agreement and Declaration of Trust, Dated April 2, 1990 (x). |
|
(b) |
Amended and Restated By-Laws, Dated April 2, 1990 (i) |
|
(1) |
Amendment 1, Dated July 19, 1993, To the By Laws Dated April 2, 1990 (i) |
|
(2) |
Amendment 2, Dated July 23, 2004, To the By Laws Dated April 2, 1990 (iv) |
|
(c) |
(1) |
Portions of Agreement and Declaration of Trust Relating to Shareholders Rights (i) |
|
(2) |
Portions of By Laws Relating to Shareholders Rights (i) |
|
(d) |
|
|
(1) |
Amended and Restated Management Contract Between Quantitative Group of Funds and Quantitative Investment Advisors, Inc. (formerly Quantitative Advisors, Inc.), dated May 1, 2008 (x). |
|
(2) |
Advisory Contract between Quantitative Advisors and Columbia Partners, LLC, dated January 31, 1999 - Small Cap Fund (i) |
|
(3) |
Advisory Contract between Quantitative Advisors and PanAgora Asset Management, Inc.), dated August 3, 2007 - Emerging Markets Fund (ix) |
|
(4) |
Advisory Contract between Quantitative Advisors and Polaris Capital Management, Inc., Dated January 31, 1999 - Foreign Value Fund (i) |
|
(5) |
Advisory Contract between Quantitative Advisors and Analytic Investors, LLC, dated January 2, 2008 - Long/Short Fund (ix) |
|
(6) |
Advisory Contract between Quantitative Advisors and Polaris Capital Management, LLC, dated May 1, 2008 - Foreign Value Small Cap Fund (x). |
|
(7) |
Expense Limitation Agreement between the Trust on behalf of the Foreign Value Small Cap Fund and Quantitative Advisors, dated May 1, 2008 (x). |
|
(e) |
|
|
(1) |
Restated Distribution Agreement Dated May 1, 2008, (includes 12b-1 Plan) (x). |
|
(2) |
Form of Specimen Selling Group Agreement (viii) |
|
(3) |
Distribution Fee Waiver Agreement Dated June 1, 2007 (viii) |
|
(4) |
Distribution Fee Waiver Agreement Dated July 18, 2007 (viii) |
|
(f) |
Not applicable. |
|
(g) |
|
|
(1) |
Custodian Contract between the Trust and State Street Bank and Trust Company and the Trust Company, dated May 1, 2008, is filed herein. |
|
(2) |
Investment Accounting Agreement between the Trust and State Street Bank and Trust Company and the Trust Company, dated May 1, 2008, is filed herein. |
|
(h) |
Amended and Restated Transfer Agent and Service Agreement, dated May 1, 2008 (x). |
|
(i) |
Opinion and Consent of Legal Counsel (x). |
|
(j) |
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, to be filed by amendment. |
|
(k) |
Not applicable. |
|
(l) |
Not applicable. |
|
(m) |
(1) Distribution Plan pursuant to Rule 12b-1 is included in the Distribution Agreement exhibit (e)(1) |
|
(2) |
Form of Specimen Selling Group Agreement (viii) |
|
(n) |
(1) |
Multiple Class Plan Pursuant to Rule 18f-3 (vii) |
|
(o) |
Not applicable. |
|
(p) |
(1) |
Code of Ethics for the Fund |
|
(a) |
Dated April 2000 (ii) |
|
(b) |
Dated July 23, 2003 (iii) |
|
(c) |
Dated January 1, 2005 (v) |
|
(d) |
Dated January 10, 2008 (ix) |
|
(2) |
Code of Ethics - Columbia Partners Dated 2007 (viii) |
|
(3) |
Code of Ethics - PanAgora Asset Management, Inc. Dated August 27, 2007 (ix) |
|
(4) |
Code of Ethics - Polaris Capital Management Inc. Dated June 15, 2005 (ix) |
|
(5) |
Code of Ethics - Analytic Investors, LLC Dated September 30, 2005 (ix) |
|
(q) |
Power of Attorney Dated April 24, 2007 (viii) |
Notes:
|
(i) |
Previously filed with Post-Effective Amendment No. 20 to the Registration Statement on July 30, 1999 and incorporated by reference herein. |
|
(ii) |
Previously filed with Post-Effective Amendment No. 21 to the Registration Statement on July 31, 2000 and incorporated by reference herein. |
|
(iii) |
Previously filed with Post-Effective Amendment No. 24 to the Registration Statement on July 31, 2003. |
|
(iv) |
Previously filed with Post-Effective Amendment No. 26 to the Registration Statement on July 29, 2004. |
|
(v) |
Previously filed with Post-Effective Amendment No. 27 to the Registration Statement on May 31, 2005. |
|
(vi) |
Previously filed with Post-Effective Amendment No. 28 to the Registration Statement on July 29, 2005. |
|
(vii) |
Previously filed with Post-Effective Amendment No. 29 to the Registration Statement on August 10, 2005. |
|
(viii) |
Previously filed with Post-Effective Amendment No. 36 to the Registration Statement on July 27, 2007 and incorporated by reference herein. |
|
(ix) |
Previously filed with Post-Effective Amendment No. 37 to the Registration Statement on February 14, 2008 and incorporated by reference herein. |
|
(x) |
Previously filed with Post-Effective Amendment No. 38 to the Registration Statement on April 30, 2008 and incorporated by reference herein. |
Item 24. Persons Controlled by or under common control with the Company.
No person is presently controlled by or under common control with the Quantitative Group of Funds d/b/a Quant Funds the Trust.
Item 25. Indemnification
Indemnification provisions for officers, directors and employees of the Trust are set forth in Article VIII, Sections one through three of the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, and are hereby incorporated by reference. See Item 23 (a) (1) above. Under this Declaration of Trust, trustees and officers will be indemnified to the fullest extent permitted to directors by the Massachusetts General Corporation Law, subject only to such limitations as may be required by the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the rules there under. Under the Investment Company Act of 1940, trustees and officers of the Trust cannot be protected against liability to the Fund or its shareholders to which they would be subject because of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties of their office. The Trust also maintains liability insurance policies covering its directors and officers.
Item 26. Business and Other Connections of Investment Adviser
There is set forth below information as to any other business, vocation or employment of a substantial nature in which each director or officer of Quantitative Investment Advisors, Inc., the Registrants investment adviser (the Manager), is or at any time during the past two fiscal years has been engaged for his own account or in the capacity of director, officer, employee, partner or trustee.
Name |
Business and other connections |
Willard L. Umphrey: |
President/Treasurer/Clerk/Director, U.S. Boston Insurance |
Director |
Agency, Inc.; Director, U.S. Boston Capital Corporation; President |
President |
/Director, USB Atlantic Associates, Inc.; Director/Treasurer, USB Corporation and U.S. Boston Corporation; Director, Pear Tree Partners Management LLC; Director, Sugarbush Solutions, Inc.; Director, U.S. Boston Asset Management Corporation,; Partner, U.S. Boston Company, U.S. Boston Company II; President/Chairman/Trustee, Quantitative Group of Funds, d/b/a Quant Funds. |
Leon Okurowski: |
Director/President, U.S. Boston Corporation, USB |
Vice President, Treasurer, |
Corporation; Vice President/Treasurer/Director, |
Clerk and Director |
U.S. Boston Capital Corporation; Vice President, U.S. Boston Insurance Agency, Inc.; Director, Medcool, Inc.; Director, Sugarbush Solutions, Inc.; Partner, U.S. Boston Company, U.S. Boston Company II; Treasurer/Vice President, Quantitative Group of Funds, d/b/a Quant Funds. |
Deborah A. Kessinger: |
President and Chief Compliance Officer, U.S. Boston Capital |
Chief Compliance Officer |
Corporation; Chief Compliance Officer, Quantitative Group of Funds, d/b/a Quant Funds; Assistant Clerk, Quantitative Group of Funds, d/b/a Quant Funds. |
Sandra I. Madden |
Clerk and Chief Legal Officer, Quantitative Group of Funds, d/b/a Quant |
Senior Counsel |
Funds |
The principal business address of each U.S. Boston affiliate named above is Lincoln North, 55 Old Bedford Road, Lincoln, Massachusetts 01773.
Item 27. Principal Underwriters
|
(a) |
Not applicable. |
|
(b) |
The directors and officer of the Registrants principal underwriter are: |
|
Positions and |
Positions and |
|
Offices with |
Offices with |
Name |
Underwriter |
Registrant |
Deborah A. Kessinger |
President and Chief |
Chief Compliance Officer and |
|
Compliance Officer |
Assistant Clerk |
Leon Okurowski |
Vice President, |
Vice President and |
|
Treasurer, Clerk and |
Treasurer |
|
Director |
Willard L. Umphrey |
Director |
President, Chairman |
|
and Trustee |
The principal business address of each person listed above is Lincoln North, 55 Old Bedford Road, Lincoln, Massachusetts 01773.
|
(c) |
Not applicable. |
Item 28. Location of Accounts and Records
Persons maintaining physical possession of accounts, books and other documents required to be maintained by Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the Rules promulgated there under include:
Registrants investment advisers:
|
Quantitative Investment Advisors, Inc. |
|
55 Old Bedford Road |
|
Lincoln, MA 01773 |
Analytic Investors, LLC
555 West Fifth Street, 50 th Floor
Los Angeles, CA 90013
|
PanAgora Asset Management, Inc. |
|
260 Franklin Street, 22 nd Floor |
|
Boston, MA 02110 |
|
Columbia Partners, L.L.C., Investment Management |
|
5425 Wisconsin Avenue, Suite 700 |
|
Chevy Chase, MD 20815 |
|
Polaris Capital Management, LLC |
|
125 Summer Street |
|
Boston, MA 02110 |
Registrants custodian:
|
State Street Kansas City |
|
801 Pennsylvania Avenue |
|
Kansas City, MO 64105 |
Registrants transfer agent:
Quantitative Institutional Services,
a division of Quantitative Investment Advisors, Inc.
|
55 Old Bedford Road |
|
Lincoln, MA 01773 |
Item 29. Management Services
|
Not applicable. |
Item 30. Undertakings
|
Not applicable. |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Quantitative Group of Funds hereby files this Amendment to the Registration Statement pursuant to Rule 485(a) under the Securities Act of 1933 and has duly caused this Amendment to the Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the town of Lincoln, County of Middlesex, and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, on the 30 th day of May, 2008.
Attest: |
Quantitative Group of Funds d/b/a Quant Funds |
/s/ Leon Okurowski |
/s/ Willard L. Umphrey |
Leon Okurowski, Treasurer |
Willard L. Umphrey, President |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Amendment to the Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the date indicated.
/s/ Robert M. Armstrong * |
May 30, 2008 |
Trustee |
Date |
/s/ John M. Bulbrook * |
May 30, 2008 |
Trustee |
Date |
/s/ Edward A. Burrows * |
May 30, 2008 |
Trustee |
Date |
/s/ William H. Dunla p * |
May 30, 2008 |
Trustee |
Date |
/s/ Clinton S. Marshall * |
May 30, 2008 |
Trustee |
Date |
/s/ Willard L. Umphrey |
* |
May 30, 2008 |
Trustee |
Date |
*By: /s/ Willard L. Umphrey |
May 30, 2008 |
|
Willard L. Umphrey |
Date |
|
Attorney in Fact |
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit
Number |
Description |
(g)(1) |
Custodian Agreement between the Quantitative Group of Funds and State Street Bank and Trust Company dated May 1, 2008 |
(g)(2) |
Investment Accounting Agreement between the Quantitative Group of Funds and State Street Bank and Trust Company dated May 1, 2008 |
CUSTODIAN AGREEMENT
This Agreement is effective the 1 st day of May, 2008, between QUANTITATIVE GROUP OF FUNDS, a business trust organized and existing under the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts (the Fund ), and STATE STREET BANK and TRUST COMPANY , a Massachusetts trust company (the Custodian ).
W ITNESSETH:
WHEREAS , the Fund is authorized to issue shares in separate series, with each such series representing interests in a separate portfolio of securities and other assets; and
WHEREAS , the Fund intends that this Agreement be applicable to the investment series or portfolios listed on Addendum A, as amended from time to time (such series together with all other series subsequently established by the Fund and made subject to this Agreement in accordance with Section 18, be referred to herein as the Portfolio(s) ); and
WHEREAS , the Fund and Investors Fiduciary Trust Company, the predecessor by merger to Custodian, entered into a Custody and Investment Accounting Agreement on January 19, 1998, and desire to amend and restate said agreement (the Prior Custody and Investment Accounting Agreement ) by the coincident execution of this Agreement and a corresponding Investment Accounting Agreement;
NOW THEREFORE , in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements hereinafter contained, the parties hereto agree as follows:
SECTION 1. |
EMPLOYMENT OF CUSTODIAN AND PROPERTY TO BE HELD BY IT |
The Fund hereby employs the Custodian as the custodian of the assets of the Portfolios of the Fund, including securities that the Fund, on behalf of the applicable Portfolio, desires to be held in places within the United States ( domestic securities ) and securities it desires to be held outside the United States ( foreign securities ). The Fund, on behalf of the Portfolio(s), agrees to deliver to the Custodian all securities and cash of the Portfolios, and all payments of income, payments of principal or capital distributions received by it with respect to all securities owned by the Portfolio(s) from time to time, and the cash consideration received by it for such new or treasury shares of beneficial interest of the Fund representing interests in the Portfolios ( Shares ) as may be issued or sold from time to time. The Custodian shall not be responsible for any property of a Portfolio held or received by the Portfolio and not delivered to the Custodian. With respect to uncertificated shares (the Underlying Shares ) of registered investment companies (as defined in Section 3(a)(1) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended from time to time (the 1940 Act )), whether in the same group of investment companies (as defined in Section 12(d)(1)(G)(ii) of the 1940 Act) or otherwise, including pursuant to Section 12(d)(1)(F) of the 1940 Act (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the Underlying Portfolios ) the holding of confirmation statements that identify the shares as being recorded in the Custodians name on behalf of the Portfolios will be deemed custody for purposes hereof.
Upon receipt of Proper Instructions (as such term is defined in Section 6 hereof), the Custodian shall on behalf of the applicable Portfolio(s) from time to time employ one or more
sub-custodians located in the United States, but only in accordance with an applicable vote by the Board of Trustees of the Fund (the Board ) on behalf of the applicable Portfolio(s). The Custodian may employ as sub-custodian for the Funds foreign securities on behalf of the applicable Portfolio(s) the foreign banking institutions and foreign securities depositories designated in Schedules A and B hereto, but only in accordance with the applicable provisions of Sections 3 and 4. The Custodian shall have no more or less responsibility or liability to the Fund on account of any actions or omissions of any sub-custodian so employed than any such sub-custodian has to the Custodian.
SECTION 2 . |
DUTIES OF THE CUSTODIAN WITH RESPECT TO PROPERTY OF THE FUND HELD BY THE CUSTODIAN IN THE UNITED STATES |
SECTION 2.1 HOLDING SECURITIES . The Custodian shall hold and physically segregate for the account of each Portfolio all non-cash property, to be held by it in the United States, including all domestic securities owned by such Portfolio other than (a) securities that are maintained pursuant to Section 2.8 in a clearing agency that acts as a securities depository or in a book-entry system authorized by the U.S. Department of the Treasury (each, a U.S. Securities System ) and (b) Underlying Shares owned by each Portfolio, which are maintained pursuant to Section 2.13 hereof in an account with State Street Bank and Trust Company or such other entity that may from time to time act as a transfer agent for the Underlying Portfolios and with respect to which the Custodian is provided with Proper Instructions (each, an Underlying Transfer Agent ).
SECTION 2.2 DELIVERY OF SECURITIES . The Custodian shall release and deliver domestic securities owned by a Portfolio held by the Custodian, in a U.S. Securities System account of the Custodian, or in an account at the Underlying Transfer Agent only upon receipt of Proper Instructions on behalf of the applicable Portfolio, which may be continuing instructions when deemed appropriate by the parties, and only in the following cases:
|
1) |
Upon sale of such securities for the account of the Portfolio and receipt of payment therefor; |
|
2) |
Upon the receipt of payment in connection with any repurchase agreement related to such securities entered into by the Portfolio; |
|
3) |
In the case of a sale effected through a U.S. Securities System, in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.8 hereof; |
|
4) |
To the depository agent in connection with tender or other similar offers for securities of the Portfolio; |
|
5) |
To the issuer thereof or its agent when such securities are called, redeemed, retired or otherwise become payable; provided that, in any such case, the cash or other consideration is to be delivered to the Custodian; |
|
6) |
To the issuer thereof, or its agent, for transfer into the name of the Portfolio or into the name of any nominee or nominees of the Custodian or into the name or |
nominee name of any agent appointed pursuant to Section 2.7 or into the name or nominee name of any sub-custodian appointed pursuant to Section 1; or for exchange for a different number of bonds, certificates or other evidence representing the same aggregate face amount or number of units; provided that, in any such case, the new securities are to be delivered to the Custodian;
|
7) |
Upon the sale of such securities for the account of the Portfolio, to the broker or its clearing agent, against a receipt, for examination in accordance with street delivery custom; provided that in any such case, the Custodian shall have no responsibility or liability for any loss arising from the delivery of such securities prior to receiving payment for such securities except as may arise from the Custodians own negligence or willful misconduct; |
|
8) |
For exchange or conversion pursuant to any plan of merger, consolidation, recapitalization, reorganization or readjustment of the securities of the issuer of such securities, or pursuant to provisions for conversion contained in such securities, or pursuant to any deposit agreement; provided that, in any such case, the new securities and cash, if any, are to be delivered to the Custodian; |
|
9) |
In the case of warrants, rights or similar securities, the surrender thereof in the exercise of such warrants, rights or similar securities or the surrender of interim receipts or temporary securities for definitive securities; provided that, in any such case, the new securities and cash, if any, are to be delivered to the Custodian; |
|
10) |
For delivery in connection with any loans of securities made by the Portfolio, but only against receipt of adequate collateral as agreed upon from time to time by the Custodian and the Fund on behalf of the Portfolio, which may be in the form of cash or obligations issued by the United States government, its agencies or instrumentalities, except that in connection with any loans for which collateral is to be credited to the Custodians account in the book-entry system authorized by the U.S. Department of the Treasury, the Custodian will not be held liable or responsible for the delivery of securities owned by the Portfolio prior to the receipt of such collateral; |
|
11) |
For delivery as security in connection with any borrowing by the Fund on behalf of the Portfolio requiring a pledge of assets by the Fund on behalf of the Portfolio, but only against receipt of amounts borrowed; |
|
12) |
For delivery in accordance with the provisions of any agreement among the Fund on behalf of the Portfolio, the Custodian and a broker-dealer registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Exchange Act ) and a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. ( FINRA , formerly known as The National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc.), relating to compliance with the rules of The Options Clearing Corporation and of any registered national securities exchange, or of any similar organization or organizations, regarding escrow or other arrangements in connection with transactions by the Portfolio of the Fund; |
|
13) |
For delivery in accordance with the provisions of any agreement among the Fund on behalf of the Portfolio, the Custodian, and a futures commission merchant registered under the Commodity Exchange Act, relating to compliance with the rules of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission ( CFTC ) and/or any contract market, or any similar organization or organizations, regarding account deposits in connection with transactions by the Portfolio of the Fund; |
|
14) |
Upon receipt of instructions from the transfer agent for the Fund (the Transfer Agent ) for delivery to such Transfer Agent or to the holders of Shares in connection with distributions in kind, as may be described from time to time in the currently effective prospectus and statement of additional information of the Fund related to the Portfolio (the Prospectus ), in satisfaction of requests by holders of Shares for repurchase or redemption; |
|
15) |
For delivery as initial or variation margin in connection with futures or options on futures contracts entered into by the Fund on behalf of the Portfolio; |
|
16) |
In the case of a sale processed through the Underlying Transfer Agent of Underlying Shares, in accordance with Section 2.13 hereof; and |
|
17) |
For any other purpose, but only upon receipt of Proper Instructions from the Fund on behalf of the applicable Portfolio specifying the securities of the Portfolio to be delivered and naming the person or persons to whom delivery of such securities shall be made. |
SECTION 2.3 REGISTRATION OF SECURITIES . Domestic securities held by the Custodian (other than bearer securities) shall be registered in the name of the Portfolio or in the name of any nominee of the Fund on behalf of the Portfolio or of any nominee of the Custodian which nominee shall be assigned exclusively to the Portfolio, unless the Fund has authorized in writing the appointment of a nominee to be used in common with other registered investment companies having the same investment advisor as the Portfolio, or in the name or nominee name of any agent appointed pursuant to Section 2.7 or in the name or nominee name of any sub-custodian appointed pursuant to Section 1. All securities accepted by the Custodian on behalf of the Portfolio under the terms of this Agreement shall be in street name or other good delivery form. If, however, the Fund directs the Custodian to maintain securities in street name, the Custodian shall utilize its best efforts only to timely collect income due the Fund on such securities and to notify the Fund on a best efforts basis only of relevant corporate actions including, without limitation, pendency of calls, maturities, tender or exchange offers.
SECTION 2.4 BANK ACCOUNTS . The Custodian shall open and maintain a separate bank account or accounts in the United States in the name of each Portfolio of the Fund, subject only to draft or order by the Custodian acting pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, and shall hold in such account or accounts, subject to the provisions hereof, all cash received by it from or for the account of the Portfolio, other than cash maintained by the Portfolio in a bank account established and used in accordance with Rule 17f-3 under the 1940 Act. Funds held by the Custodian for a Portfolio may be deposited by it to its credit as Custodian in the banking
department of the Custodian or in such other banks or trust companies as it may in its discretion deem necessary or desirable; provided , however, that every such bank or trust company shall be qualified to act as a custodian under the 1940 Act and that each such bank or trust company and the funds to be deposited with each such bank or trust company shall on behalf of each applicable Portfolio be approved by vote of a majority of the Board. Such funds shall be deposited by the Custodian in its capacity as Custodian and shall be withdrawable by the Custodian only in that capacity.
SECTION 2.5 COLLECTION OF INCOME . Subject to the provisions of Section 2.3, the Custodian shall collect on a timely basis all income and other payments with respect to registered domestic securities held hereunder to which each Portfolio shall be entitled either by law or pursuant to custom in the securities business, and shall collect on a timely basis all income and other payments with respect to bearer domestic securities if, on the date of payment by the issuer, such securities are held by the Custodian or its agent thereof and shall credit such income, as collected, to such Portfolios custodian account. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Custodian shall detach and present for payment all coupons and other income items requiring presentation as and when they become due and shall collect interest when due on securities held hereunder. Income due each Portfolio on securities loaned pursuant to the provisions of Section 2.2 (10) shall be the responsibility of the Fund. The Custodian will have no duty or responsibility in connection therewith, other than to provide the Fund with such information or data as may be necessary to assist the Fund in arranging for the timely delivery to the Custodian of the income to which the Portfolio is properly entitled.
SECTION 2.6 PAYMENT OF FUND MONIES . Upon receipt of Proper Instructions on behalf of the applicable Portfolio, which may be continuing instructions when deemed appropriate by the parties, the Custodian shall pay out monies of a Portfolio in the following cases only:
|
1) |
Upon the purchase of domestic securities, options, futures contracts or options on futures contracts for the account of the Portfolio but only (a) against the delivery of such securities or evidence of title to such options, futures contracts or options on futures contracts to the Custodian (or any bank, banking firm or trust company doing business in the United States or abroad that is qualified under the 1940 Act to act as a custodian and has been designated by the Custodian as its agent for this purpose) registered in the name of the Portfolio or in the name of a nominee of the Custodian referred to in Section 2.3 hereof or in proper form for transfer; (b) in the case of a purchase effected through a U.S. Securities System, in accordance with the conditions set forth in Section 2.8 hereof; (c) in the case of a purchase of Underlying Shares, in accordance with the conditions set forth in Section 2.13 hereof, (d) repurchase agreements entered into between the Fund on behalf of the Portfolio and the Custodian, or another bank, or a broker-dealer that is a member of FINRA, (i) against delivery of the securities either in certificate form or through an entry crediting the Custodians account at the Federal Reserve Bank with such securities or (ii) against delivery of the receipt evidencing purchase by the Portfolio of securities owned by the Custodian along with written evidence of the agreement by the Custodian to repurchase such securities from the Portfolio; or (e) for transfer to a time deposit account of the Fund in any bank, whether domestic or foreign; such transfer may be effected prior to receipt of a |
confirmation from a broker and/or the applicable bank pursuant to Proper Instructions from the Fund as defined herein;
|
2) |
In connection with conversion, exchange or surrender of securities owned by the Portfolio as set forth in Section 2.2 hereof; |
|
3) |
For the redemption or repurchase of Shares issued as set forth in Section 5 hereof; |
|
4) |
For the payment of any expense or liability incurred by the Portfolio, including but not limited to the following payments for the account of the Portfolio: interest, taxes, management, accounting, transfer agent and legal fees, and operating expenses of the Fund whether or not such expenses are to be in whole or part capitalized or treated as deferred expenses; |
|
5) |
For the payment of any dividends on Shares declared pursuant to the governing documents of the Fund; |
|
6) |
For payment of the amount of dividends received in respect of securities sold short; |
|
7) |
For delivery as initial or variation margin in connection with futures or options on futures contracts entered into by the Fund on behalf of the Portfolio; and |
|
8) |
For any other purpose, but only upon receipt of Proper Instructions from the Fund on behalf of the Portfolio specifying the amount of such payment and naming the person or persons to whom such payment is to be made. |
SECTION 2.7 APPOINTMENT OF AGENTS . The Custodian may at any time or times in its discretion appoint (and may at any time remove) any other bank or trust company that is itself qualified under the 1940 Act to act as a custodian, as its agent to carry out such of the provisions of this Section 2 as the Custodian may from time to time direct; provided , however, that the appointment of any agent shall not relieve the Custodian of its responsibilities or liabilities hereunder. The Underlying Transfer Agent shall not be deemed an agent or sub-custodian of the Custodian for purposes of this Section 2.7 or any other provision of this Agreement.
|
SECTION 2.8 |
DEPOSIT OF FUND ASSETS IN U.S. SECURITIES SYSTEMS . The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain securities owned by a Portfolio in a U.S. Securities System in compliance with the conditions of Rule 17f-4 under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time. |
SECTION 2.9 SEGREGATED ACCOUNT . The Custodian shall upon receipt of Proper Instructions on behalf of each applicable Portfolio establish and maintain a segregated account or accounts for and on behalf of each such Portfolio, into which account or accounts may be transferred cash and/or securities, including securities maintained in an account by the Custodian pursuant to Section 2.8 hereof, (i) in accordance with the provisions of any agreement among the Fund on behalf of the Portfolio, the Custodian and a broker-dealer registered under the Exchange Act and a member of FINRA (or any futures commission merchant registered under the
Commodity Exchange Act), relating to compliance with the rules of The Options Clearing Corporation and of any registered national securities exchange (or the CFTC or any registered contract market), or of any similar organization or organizations, regarding escrow or other arrangements in connection with transactions by the Portfolio, (ii) for purposes of segregating cash or government securities in connection with options purchased, sold or written by the Portfolio or commodity futures contracts or options thereon purchased or sold by the Portfolio, (iii) for the purposes of compliance by the Portfolio with the procedures required by Investment Company Act Release No. 10666, or any subsequent release of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC ), or interpretative opinion of the staff of the SEC, relating to the maintenance of segregated accounts by registered investment companies, and (iv) for any other purpose upon receipt of Proper Instructions from the Fund on behalf of the applicable Portfolio.
SECTION 2.10 OWNERSHIP CERTIFICATES FOR TAX PURPOSES . The Custodian shall execute ownership and other certificates and affidavits for all federal and state tax purposes in connection with receipt of income or other payments with respect to domestic securities of each Portfolio held by it and in connection with transfers of securities.
SECTION 2.11 PROXIES. The Custodian shall, with respect to the domestic securities held hereunder, cause to be promptly executed by the registered holder of such securities, if the securities are registered otherwise than in the name of the Portfolio or a nominee of the Portfolio, all proxies, without indication of the manner in which such proxies are to be voted, and shall promptly deliver to the Portfolio such proxies, all proxy soliciting materials and all notices relating to such securities.
SECTION 2.12 COMMUNICATIONS RELATING TO PORTFOLIO SECURITIES . Subject to the provisions of Section 2.3, the Custodian shall transmit promptly to the Fund for each Portfolio all written information (including, without limitation, pendency of calls and maturities of domestic securities and expirations of rights in connection therewith and notices of exercise of call and put options written by the Fund on behalf of the Portfolio and the maturity of futures contracts purchased or sold by the Portfolio) received by the Custodian from issuers of the securities being held for the Portfolio. With respect to tender or exchange offers, the Custodian shall transmit promptly to the Portfolio all written information received by the Custodian from issuers of the securities whose tender or exchange is sought and from the party (or its agents) making the tender or exchange offer. The Custodian shall not be liable for any untimely exercise of any tender, exchange or other right or power in connection with domestic securities or other property of the Portfolios at any time held by it unless (i) the Custodian is in actual possession of such domestic securities or property and (ii) the Custodian receives Proper Instructions with regard to the exercise of any such right or power, and both (i) and (ii) occur at least three business days prior to the date on which the Custodian is to take action to exercise such right or power. The Custodian shall also transmit promptly to the Fund for each applicable Portfolio all written information received by the Custodian regarding any class action or other litigation in connection with Portfolio securities or other assets issued in the United States and then held, or previously held, during the term of this Agreement by the Custodian for the account of the Fund for such Portfolio, including, but not limited to, opt-out notices and proof-of-claim forms. For avoidance of doubt, upon and after the effective date of any termination of this Agreement, with respect to a Fund or its Portfolio(s), as may be applicable, the Custodian shall have no responsibility to so transmit any information under this Section 2.12.
SECTION 2.13 DEPOSIT OF FUND ASSETS WITH THE UNDERLYING TRANSFER AGENT . Underlying Shares beneficially owned by the Fund, on behalf of a Portfolio, shall be deposited and/or maintained in an account or accounts maintained with an Underlying Transfer Agent and the Custodians only responsibilities with respect thereto shall be limited to the following:
|
1) |
Upon receipt of a confirmation or statement from an Underlying Transfer Agent that such Underlying Transfer Agent is holding or maintaining Underlying Shares in the name of the Custodian (or a nominee of the Custodian) for the benefit of a Portfolio, the Custodian shall identify by book-entry that such Underlying Shares are being held by it as custodian for the benefit of such Portfolio. |
|
2) |
In respect of the purchase of Underlying Shares for the account of a Portfolio, upon receipt of Proper Instructions, the Custodian shall pay out monies of such Portfolio as so directed, and record such payment from the account of such Portfolio on the Custodians books and records. |
|
3) |
In respect of the sale or redemption of Underlying Shares for the account of a Portfolio, upon receipt of Proper Instructions, the Custodian shall transfer such Underlying Shares as so directed, record such transfer from the account of such Portfolio on the Custodians books and records and, upon the Custodians receipt of the proceeds therefor, record such payment for the account of such Portfolio on the Custodians books and records. |
The Custodian shall not be liable to the Fund for any loss or damage to the Fund or any Portfolio resulting from the maintenance of Underlying Shares with an Underlying Transfer Agent except for losses resulting directly from the fraud, negligence or willful misconduct of the Custodian or any of its agents or of any of its or their employees.
SECTION 3. |
PROVISIONS RELATING TO RULES 17 F-5 AND 17 F-7 |
SECTION 3 .1. DEFINITIONS. As used throughout this Agreement, the capitalized terms set forth below shall have the indicated meanings:
Country Risk means all factors reasonably related to the systemic risk of holding Foreign Assets in a particular country including, but not limited to, such countrys political environment, economic and financial infrastructure (including any Eligible Securities Depository operating in the country), prevailing or developing custody and settlement practices, and laws and regulations applicable to the safekeeping and recovery of Foreign Assets held in custody in that country.
Eligible Foreign Custodian has the meaning set forth in section (a)(1) of Rule 17f-5, including a majority-owned or indirect subsidiary of a U.S. Bank (as defined in Rule 17f-5), a bank holding company meeting the requirements of an Eligible Foreign Custodian (as set forth in Rule 17f-5 or by other appropriate action of the SEC, or a foreign branch of a Bank (as defined in Section 2(a)(5) of the 1940 Act) meeting the requirements of a custodian under Section 17(f) of the 1940 Act; the term does not include any Eligible Securities Depository.
Eligible Securities Depository has the meaning set forth in section (b)(1) of Rule 17f-7.
Foreign Assets means any of the Portfolios investments (including foreign currencies) for which the primary market is outside the United States and such cash and cash equivalents as are reasonably necessary to effect the Portfolios transactions in such investments.
Foreign Custody Manager has the meaning set forth in section (a)(3) of Rule 17f-5.
Rule 17f-5 means Rule 17f-5 promulgated under the 1940 Act.
Rule 17f-7 means Rule 17f-7 promulgated under the 1940 Act.
|
SECTION 3 .2. |
THE CUSTODIAN AS FOREIGN CUSTODY MANAGER. |
3 .2.1 DELEGATION TO THE CUSTODIAN AS FOREIGN CUSTODY MANAGER. The Fund, by resolution adopted by its Board, hereby delegates to the Custodian, subject to Section (b) of Rule 17f-5, the responsibilities set forth in this Section 3.2 with respect to Foreign Assets of the Portfolios held outside the United States, and the Custodian hereby accepts such delegation as Foreign Custody Manager with respect to the Portfolios.
3 .2.2 COUNTRIES COVERED. The Foreign Custody Manager shall be responsible for performing the delegated responsibilities defined below only with respect to the countries and custody arrangements for each such country listed on Schedule A to this Agreement, which list of countries may be amended from time to time by the Fund with the agreement of the Foreign Custody Manager. The Foreign Custody Manager shall list on Schedule A the Eligible Foreign Custodians selected by the Foreign Custody Manager to maintain the assets of the Portfolios, which list of Eligible Foreign Custodians may be amended from time to time in the sole discretion of the Foreign Custody Manager. The Foreign Custody Manager will provide amended versions of Schedule A in accordance with Section 3.2.5 hereof.
Upon the receipt by the Foreign Custody Manager of Proper Instructions to open an account or to place or maintain Foreign Assets in a country listed on Schedule A, and the fulfillment by the Fund, on behalf of the Portfolios, of the applicable account opening requirements for such country, the Foreign Custody Manager shall be deemed to have been delegated by the Board on behalf of the Portfolios responsibility as Foreign Custody Manager with respect to that country and to have accepted such delegation. Execution of this Agreement by the Fund shall be deemed to be a Proper Instruction to open an account, or to place or maintain Foreign Assets, in each country listed on Schedule A in which the Custodian has previously placed or currently maintains Foreign Assets pursuant to the terms of the Agreement. Following the receipt of Proper Instructions directing the Foreign Custody Manager to close the account of a Portfolio with the Eligible Foreign Custodian selected by the Foreign Custody Manager in a designated country, the delegation by the Board on behalf of the Portfolios to the Custodian as Foreign Custody Manager for that country shall be deemed to have been withdrawn and the Custodian shall immediately cease to be the Foreign Custody Manager of the Portfolios with respect to that country.
The Foreign Custody Manager may withdraw its acceptance of delegated responsibilities with respect to a designated country upon written notice to the Fund. Thirty days (or such longer period to which the parties agree in writing) after receipt of any such notice by the Fund, the Custodian shall have no further responsibility in its capacity as Foreign Custody Manager to the Fund with respect to the country as to which the Custodians acceptance of delegation is withdrawn.
|
3 .2.3 |
SCOPE OF DELEGATED RESPONSIBILITIES: |
(a) SELECTION OF ELIGIBLE FOREIGN CUSTODIANS. Subject to the provisions of this Section 3.2, the Foreign Custody Manager may place and maintain the Foreign Assets in the care of the Eligible Foreign Custodian selected by the Foreign Custody Manager in each country listed on Schedule A, as amended from time to time. In performing its delegated responsibilities as Foreign Custody Manager to place or maintain Foreign Assets with an Eligible Foreign Custodian, the Foreign Custody Manager shall determine that the Foreign Assets will be subject to reasonable care, based on the standards applicable to custodians in the country in which the Foreign Assets will be held by that Eligible Foreign Custodian, after considering all factors relevant to the safekeeping of such assets, including, without limitation the factors specified in Rule 17f-5(c)(1).
(b) CONTRACTS WITH ELIGIBLE FOREIGN CUSTODIANS. The Foreign Custody Manager shall determine that the contract governing the foreign custody arrangements with each Eligible Foreign Custodian selected by the Foreign Custody Manager will satisfy the requirements of Rule 17f-5(c)(2).
(c) MONITORING . In each case in which the Foreign Custody Manager maintains Foreign Assets with an Eligible Foreign Custodian selected by the Foreign Custody Manager, the Foreign Custody Manager shall establish a system to monitor (i) the appropriateness of maintaining the Foreign Assets with such Eligible Foreign Custodian and (ii) the contract governing the custody arrangements established by the Foreign Custody Manager with the Eligible Foreign Custodian. In the event the Foreign Custody Manager determines that the custody arrangements with an Eligible Foreign Custodian it has selected are no longer appropriate, the Foreign Custody Manager shall notify the Board in accordance with Section 3.2.5 hereunder.
3 .2.4 GUIDELINES FOR THE EXERCISE OF DELEGATED AUTHORITY. For purposes of this Section 3.2, the Board shall be deemed to have considered and determined to accept such Country Risk as is incurred by placing and maintaining the Foreign Assets in each country for which the Custodian is serving as Foreign Custody Manager of the Portfolios.
3 .2.5 REPORTING REQUIREMENTS. The Foreign Custody Manager shall report the withdrawal of the Foreign Assets from an Eligible Foreign Custodian and the placement of such Foreign Assets with another Eligible Foreign Custodian by providing to the Board an amended Schedule A at the end of the calendar quarter in which an amendment to such Schedule has occurred. The Foreign Custody Manager shall make written reports notifying the Board of any other material change in the foreign custody arrangements of the Portfolios described in this
Section 3.2 no later than the end of the calendar quarter in which such other material change has occurred.
3.2.6 STANDARD OF CARE AS FOREIGN CUSTODY MANAGER OF A PORTFOLIO . In performing the responsibilities delegated to it, the Foreign Custody Manager agrees to exercise reasonable care, prudence and diligence such as a person having responsibility for the safekeeping of assets of management investment companies registered under the 1940 Act would exercise.
3 .2.7 REPRESENTATIONS WITH RESPECT TO RULE 17 F-5. The Foreign Custody Manager represents to the Fund that it is a U.S. Bank as defined in section (a)(7) of Rule 17f-5. The Fund represents to the Custodian that the Board has determined that it is reasonable for the Board to rely on the Custodian to perform the responsibilities delegated pursuant to this Agreement to the Custodian as the Foreign Custody Manager of the Portfolios.
3 .2.8 EFFECTIVE DATE AND TERMINATION OF THE CUSTODIAN AS FOREIGN CUSTODY MANAGER. The Boards delegation to the Custodian as Foreign Custody Manager of the Portfolios shall be effective as of the date hereof and shall remain in effect until terminated at any time, without penalty, by written notice from the terminating party to the non-terminating party. Termination will become effective thirty (30) days after receipt by the non-terminating party of such notice. The provisions of Section 3.2.2 hereof shall govern the delegation to and termination of the Custodian as Foreign Custody Manager of the Portfolios with respect to designated countries.
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SECTION 3.3 |
ELIGIBLE SECURITIES DEPOSITORIES. |
3.3.1 ANALYSIS AND MONITORING. The Custodian shall (a) provide the Fund (or its duly-authorized investment manager or investment advisor) with an analysis of the custody risks associated with maintaining assets with the Eligible Securities Depositories set forth on Schedule B hereto in accordance with section (a)(1)(i)(A) of Rule 17f-7, and (b) monitor such risks on a continuing basis, and promptly notify the Fund (or its duly-authorized investment manager or investment advisor) of any material change in such risks, in accordance with section (a)(1)(i)(B) of Rule 17f-7.
3 .3.2 STANDARD OF CARE. The Custodian agrees to exercise reasonable care, prudence and diligence in performing the duties set forth in Section 3.3.1.
SECTION 4. |
DUTIES OF THE CUSTODIAN WITH RESPECT TO PROPERTY OF THE PORTFOLIOS HELD OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES |
SECTION 4.1 DEFINITIONS . As used throughout this Agreement, the capitalized terms set forth below shall have the indicated meanings:
Foreign Securities System means an Eligible Securities Depository listed on Schedule B hereof.
Foreign Sub-Custodian means a foreign banking institution serving as an Eligible Foreign Custodian.
SECTION 4.2. HOLDING SECURITIES . The Custodian shall identify on its books as belonging to the Portfolios the foreign securities held by each Foreign Sub-Custodian or Foreign Securities System. The Custodian may hold foreign securities for all of its customers, including the Portfolios, with any Foreign Sub-Custodian in an account that is identified as belonging to the Custodian for the benefit of its customers, provided however, that: (i) the records of the Custodian with respect to foreign securities of the Portfolios that are maintained in such account shall identify those securities as belonging to the Portfolios; and (ii) to the extent permitted and customary in the market in which the account is maintained, the Custodian shall require that securities so held by the Foreign Sub-Custodian be held separately from any assets of such Foreign Sub-Custodian or of other customers of such Foreign Sub-Custodian.
SECTION 4 .3. FOREIGN SECURITIES SYSTEMS. Foreign securities shall be maintained in a Foreign Securities System in a designated country through arrangements implemented by the Custodian or a Foreign Sub-Custodian, as applicable, in such country.
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SECTION 4.4. |
TRANSACTIONS IN FOREIGN CUSTODY ACCOUNT . |
4 .4.1. DELIVERY OF FOREIGN ASSETS. The Custodian or a Foreign Sub-Custodian shall release and deliver foreign securities of the Portfolios held by the Custodian or such Foreign Sub-Custodian, or in a Foreign Securities System account, only upon receipt of Proper Instructions, which may be continuing instructions when deemed appropriate by the parties, and only in the following cases:
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(i) |
upon the sale of such foreign securities for the Portfolio in accordance with commercially reasonable market practice in the country where such foreign securities are held or traded, including, without limitation: (A) delivery against expectation of receiving later payment; or (B) in the case of a sale effected through a Foreign Securities System, in accordance with the rules governing the operation of the Foreign Securities System; |
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(ii) |
in connection with any repurchase agreement related to foreign securities; |
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(iii) |
to the depository agent in connection with tender or other similar offers for foreign securities of the Portfolios; |
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(iv) |
to the issuer thereof or its agent when such foreign securities are called, redeemed, retired or otherwise become payable; |
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(v) |
to the issuer thereof, or its agent, for transfer into the name of the Custodian (or the name of the respective Foreign Sub-Custodian or of any nominee of the Custodian or such Foreign Sub-Custodian) or for exchange for a different number of bonds, certificates or other evidence representing the same aggregate face amount or number of units; |
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(vi) |
to brokers, clearing banks or other clearing agents for examination or trade execution in accordance with market custom; provided that in any such case the Foreign Sub-Custodian shall have no responsibility or liability for any loss arising from the delivery of such securities prior to receiving payment for such securities except as may arise from the Foreign Sub-Custodians own negligence or willful misconduct; |
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(vii) |
for exchange or conversion pursuant to any plan of merger, consolidation, recapitalization, reorganization or readjustment of the securities of the issuer of such securities, or pursuant to provisions for conversion contained in such securities, or pursuant to any deposit agreement; |
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(viii) |
in the case of warrants, rights or similar foreign securities, the surrender thereof in the exercise of such warrants, rights or similar securities or the surrender of interim receipts or temporary securities for definitive securities; |
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(ix) |
for delivery as security in connection with any borrowing by the Portfolios requiring a pledge of assets by the Portfolios; |
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(x) |
for delivery as initial or variation margin in connection with futures or options on futures contracts entered into by the Fund on behalf of the Portfolio; |
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(xi) |
in connection with the lending of foreign securities; and |
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(xii) |
for any other purpose, but only upon receipt of Proper Instructions specifying the foreign securities to be delivered and naming the person or persons to whom delivery of such securities shall be made. |
4 .4.2. PAYMENT OF PORTFOLIO MONIES. Upon receipt of Proper Instructions, which may be continuing instructions when deemed appropriate by the parties, the Custodian shall pay out, or direct the respective Foreign Sub-Custodian or the respective Foreign Securities System to pay out, monies of a Portfolio in the following cases only:
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(i) |
upon the purchase of foreign securities for the Portfolio, unless otherwise directed by Proper Instructions, by (A) delivering money to the seller thereof or to a dealer therefor (or an agent for such seller or dealer) against expectation of receiving later delivery of such foreign securities; or (B) in the case of a purchase effected through a Foreign Securities System, in accordance with the rules governing the operation of such Foreign Securities System; |
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(ii) |
in connection with the conversion, exchange or surrender of foreign securities of the Portfolio; |
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(iii) |
for the payment of any expense or liability of the Portfolio, including but not limited to the following payments: interest, taxes, investment advisory fees, transfer agency fees, fees under this Agreement, legal fees, accounting fees, and other operating expenses; |
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(iv) |
for the purchase or sale of foreign exchange or foreign exchange contracts for the Portfolio, including transactions executed with or through the Custodian or its Foreign Sub-Custodians; |
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(v) |
for delivery as initial or variation margin in connection with futures or options on futures contracts entered into by the Fund on behalf of the Portfolio; |
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(vi) |
for payment of part or all of the dividends received in respect of securities sold short; |
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(vii) |
in connection with the borrowing or lending of foreign securities; and |
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(viii) |
for any other purpose, but only upon receipt of Proper Instructions specifying the amount of such payment and naming the person or persons to whom such payment is to be made. |
4 .4.3. MARKET CONDITIONS. Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary, settlement and payment for Foreign Assets received for the account of the Portfolios and delivery of Foreign Assets maintained for the account of the Portfolios may be effected in accordance with the customary established securities trading or processing practices and procedures in the country or market in which the transaction occurs, including, without limitation, delivering Foreign Assets to the purchaser thereof or to a dealer therefor (or an agent for such purchaser or dealer) with the expectation of receiving later payment for such Foreign Assets from such purchaser or dealer.
The Custodian shall provide to the Board the information with respect to custody and settlement practices in countries in which the Custodian employs a Foreign Sub-Custodian described on Schedule C hereto at the time or times set forth on such Schedule. The Custodian may revise Schedule C from time to time, provided that no such revision shall result in the Board being provided with substantively less information than had been previously provided hereunder.
SECTION 4 .5. REGISTRATION OF FOREIGN SECURITIES. The foreign securities maintained in the custody of a Foreign Sub-Custodian (other than bearer securities) shall be registered in the name of the applicable Portfolio or in the name of the Custodian or in the name of any Foreign Sub-Custodian or in the name of any nominee of the foregoing, and the Fund on behalf of such Portfolio agrees to hold any such nominee harmless from any liability as a holder of record of such foreign securities. The Custodian or a Foreign Sub-Custodian shall not be obligated to accept securities on behalf of a Portfolio under the terms of this Agreement unless the form of such securities and the manner in which they are delivered are in accordance with reasonable market practice.
SECTION 4 .6 BANK ACCOUNTS . The Custodian shall identify on its books as belonging to the Fund cash (including cash denominated in foreign currencies) deposited with the Custodian. Where the Custodian is unable to maintain, or market practice does not facilitate the maintenance of, cash on the books of the Custodian, a bank account or bank accounts shall be opened and maintained outside the United States on behalf of a Portfolio with a Foreign Sub-
Custodian. All accounts referred to in this Section shall be subject only to draft or order by the Custodian (or, if applicable, such Foreign Sub-Custodian) acting pursuant to the terms of this Agreement to hold cash received by or from or for the account of the Portfolio. Cash maintained on the books of the Custodian (including its branches, subsidiaries and affiliates), regardless of currency denomination, is maintained in bank accounts established under, and subject to the laws of, The Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
SECTION 4 .7. COLLECTION OF INCOME. The Custodian shall use reasonable commercial efforts to collect all income and other payments with respect to the Foreign Assets held hereunder to which the Portfolios shall be entitled and shall credit such income, as collected, to the applicable Portfolio. In the event that extraordinary measures are required to collect such income, the Fund and the Custodian shall consult as to such measures and as to the compensation and expenses of the Custodian relating to such measures.
SECTION 4 .8 SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS. With respect to the foreign securities held pursuant to this Section 4, the Custodian will use reasonable commercial efforts to facilitate the exercise of voting and other shareholder rights, subject always to the laws, regulations and practical constraints that may exist in the country where such securities are issued. The Fund acknowledges that local conditions, including lack of regulation, onerous procedural obligations, lack of notice and other factors may have the effect of severely limiting the ability of the Fund to exercise shareholder rights.
SECTION 4 .9. COMMUNICATIONS RELATING TO FOREIGN SECURITIES. The Custodian shall transmit promptly to the Fund written information with respect to materials received by the Custodian via the Foreign Sub-Custodians from issuers of the foreign securities being held for the account of the Portfolios (including, without limitation, pendency of calls and maturities of foreign securities and expirations of rights in connection therewith). With respect to tender or exchange offers, the Custodian shall transmit promptly to the Fund written information with respect to materials so received by the Custodian from issuers of the foreign securities whose tender or exchange is sought or from the party (or its agents) making the tender or exchange offer. The Custodian shall not be liable for any untimely exercise of any tender, exchange or other right or power in connection with foreign securities or other property of the Portfolios at any time held by it unless (i) the Custodian or the respective Foreign Sub-Custodian is in actual possession of such foreign securities or property and (ii) the Custodian receives Proper Instructions with regard to the exercise of any such right or power, and both (i) and (ii) occur at least three business days prior to the date on which the Custodian is to take action to exercise such right or power. The Custodian shall also transmit promptly to the Fund all written information received by the Custodian via the Foreign Sub-Custodians from issuers of the foreign securities being held for the account of the Portfolios regarding any class action or other litigation in connection with Portfolio foreign securities or other assets issued outside the United States and then held, or previously held, during the term of this Agreement by the Custodian via a Foreign Sub-Custodian for the account of the Fund for such Portfolio, including, but not limited to, opt-out notices and proof-of-claim forms. For avoidance of doubt, upon and after the effective date of any termination of this Agreement, with respect to a Fund or its Portfolio(s), as may be applicable, the Custodian shall have no responsibility to so transmit any information under this Section 4.9.
SECTION 4 .10. LIABILITY OF FOREIGN SUB-CUSTODIANS. Each agreement pursuant to which the Custodian employs a Foreign Sub-Custodian shall, to the extent possible, require the Foreign Sub-Custodian to exercise reasonable care in the performance of its duties, and to indemnify, and hold harmless, the Custodian from and against any loss, damage, cost, expense, liability or claim arising out of or in connection with the Foreign Sub-Custodians performance of such obligations. At the Funds election, the Portfolios shall be entitled to be subrogated to the rights of the Custodian with respect to any claims against a Foreign Sub-Custodian as a consequence of any such loss, damage, cost, expense, liability or claim if and to the extent that the Portfolios have not been made whole for any such loss, damage, cost, expense, liability or claim.
SECTION 4 .11 TAX LAW. The Custodian shall have no responsibility or liability for any obligations now or hereafter imposed on the Fund, the Portfolios or the Custodian as custodian of the Portfolios by the tax law of the United States or of any state or political subdivision thereof. It shall be the responsibility of the Fund to notify the Custodian of the obligations imposed on the Fund with respect to the Portfolios or the Custodian as custodian of the Portfolios by the tax law of countries other than those mentioned in the above sentence, including responsibility for withholding and other taxes, assessments or other governmental charges, certifications and governmental reporting. The sole responsibility of the Custodian with regard to such tax law shall be to use reasonable efforts to assist the Fund with respect to any claim for exemption or refund under the tax law of countries for which the Fund has provided such information.
SECTION 4 .12. LIABILITY OF CUSTODIAN. The Custodian shall be liable for the acts or omissions of a Foreign Sub-Custodian to the same extent as set forth with respect to sub-custodians generally in the Agreement and, regardless of whether assets are maintained in the custody of a Foreign Sub-Custodian or a Foreign Securities System, the Custodian shall not be liable for any loss, damage, cost, expense, liability or claim resulting from nationalization, expropriation, currency restrictions, or acts of war or terrorism, or any other loss where the Sub-Custodian has otherwise acted with reasonable care.
SECTION 5. |
PAYMENTS FOR SALES OR REPURCHASES OR REDEMPTIONS OF SHARES |
The Custodian shall receive from the distributor for the Shares or from the Transfer Agent and deposit into the account of the appropriate Portfolio such payments as are received for Shares thereof issued or sold from time to time by the Fund. The Custodian will provide timely notification to the Fund on behalf of each such Portfolio and the Transfer Agent of any receipt by it of payments for Shares of such Portfolio.
From such funds as may be available for the purpose, the Custodian shall, upon receipt of instructions from the Transfer Agent, make funds available for payment to holders of Shares who have delivered to the Transfer Agent a request for redemption or repurchase of their Shares. In connection with the redemption or repurchase of Shares, the Custodian is authorized upon receipt of instructions from the Transfer Agent to wire funds to or through a commercial bank designated by the redeeming shareholders. In connection with the redemption or repurchase of Shares, the Custodian shall honor checks drawn on the Custodian by a holder of Shares, which checks have been furnished by the Fund to the holder of Shares, when presented to the Custodian
in accordance with such procedures and controls as are mutually agreed upon from time to time between the Fund and the Custodian.
SECTION 5 .A. |
CONTRACTUAL SETTLEMENT SERVICES (PURCHASE / SALES) |
SECTION 5 .A.1 The Custodian shall, in accordance with the terms set out in this section, debit or credit the appropriate cash account of each Portfolio in connection with (i) the purchase of securities for such Portfolio, and (ii) proceeds of the sale of securities held on behalf of such Portfolio, on a contractual settlement basis.
SECTION 5 .A.2 The services described above (the Contractual Settlement Services ) shall be provided for such instruments and in such markets as the Custodian may advise from time to time. The Custodian may terminate or suspend any part of the provision of the Contractual Settlement Services under this Agreement at its sole discretion immediately upon notice to the applicable Fund on behalf of each Portfolio, including, without limitation, in the event of force majeure events affecting settlement, any disorder in markets, or other changed external business circumstances affecting the markets or the Fund.
SECTION 5 .A.3 The consideration payable in connection with a purchase transaction shall be debited from the appropriate cash account of the Portfolio as of the time and date that monies would ordinarily be required to settle such transaction in the applicable market. The Custodian shall promptly recredit such amount at the time that the Portfolio or the Fund notifies the Custodian by Proper Instruction that such transaction has been canceled.
SECTION 5 .A.4 With respect to the settlement of a sale of securities, a provisional credit of an amount equal to the net sale price for the transaction (the Settlement Amount ) shall be made to the account of the Portfolio as if the Settlement Amount had been received as of the close of business on the date that monies would ordinarily be available in good funds in the applicable market. Such provisional credit will be made conditional upon the Custodian having received Proper Instructions with respect to, or reasonable notice of, the transaction, as applicable; and the Custodian or its agents having possession of the asset(s) (which shall exclude assets subject to any third party lending arrangement entered into by a Portfolio) associated with the transaction in good deliverable form and not being aware of any facts which would lead them to believe that the transaction will not settle in the time period ordinarily applicable to such transactions in the applicable market.
SECTION 5 .A.5 The Custodian shall have the right to reverse any provisional credit or debit given in connection with the Contractual Settlement Services at any time when the Custodian believes, in its reasonable judgment, that such transaction will not settle in accordance with its terms or amounts due pursuant thereto will not be collectable or where the Custodian has not been provided Proper Instructions with respect thereto, as applicable, and the Portfolio shall be responsible for any costs or liabilities resulting from such reversal. Upon such reversal, a sum equal to the credited or debited amount shall become immediately payable by the Portfolio to the Custodian and may be debited from any cash account held for benefit of the Portfolio.
SECTION 5 .A.6 In the event that the Custodian is unable to debit an account of the Portfolio, and the Portfolio fails to pay any amount due to the Custodian at the time such amount
becomes payable in accordance with this Agreement, (i) the Custodian may charge the Portfolio for costs and expenses associated with providing the provisional credit, including without limitation the cost of funds associated therewith, (ii) the amount of any accrued dividends, interest and other distributions with respect to assets associated with such transaction may be set off against the credited amount, (iii) the provisional credit and any such costs and expenses shall be considered an advance of cash for purposes of the Agreement and (iv) the Custodian shall have the right to setoff against any property and to sell, exchange, convey, transfer or otherwise dispose of any property at any time held for the account of the Portfolio to the full extent necessary for the Custodian to make itself whole.
SECTION 5 .A.7 Simultaneously with the making of such provisional credit, the Portfolio agrees that the Custodian shall have, and hereby grants to the Custodian, a security interest in any property at any time held for the account of the Portfolio to the full extent of the credited amount, and each Portfolio hereby pledges, assigns and grants to the Custodian a continuing security interest and a lien on any and all such property under the Custodians possession, in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. In the event that the applicable Portfolio fails to promptly repay any provisional credit, the Custodian shall have all of the rights and remedies of a secured party under the Uniform Commercial Code of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
SECTION 6 . |
PROPER INSTRUCTIONS |
Proper Instructions, which may also be standing instructions, as used throughout this Agreement, shall mean instructions received by the Custodian from the Fund, the Funds investment manager, or a person or entity duly authorized by either of them. Such instructions may be in writing signed by the authorized person or persons or may be in a tested communication or in a communication utilizing access codes effected between electro-mechanical or electronic devices or may be by such other means and utilizing such intermediary systems and utilities as may be agreed to from time to time by the Custodian and the person or entity giving such instructions, provided that the Fund has followed any security procedures agreed to from time to time by the Fund and the Custodian, including, but not limited to, the security procedures selected by the Fund in the Funds Transfer Addendum to this Agreement. Oral instructions will be considered Proper Instructions if the Custodian reasonably believes them to have been given by a person authorized to give such instructions with respect to the transaction involved. The Fund shall cause all oral instructions to be confirmed in writing. For purposes of this Section, Proper Instructions shall include instructions received by the Custodian pursuant to any multi-party agreement that requires a segregated asset account in accordance with Section 2.10 of this Agreement. The Fund or the Funds investment manager shall cause its duly authorized officer to certify to the Custodian in writing the names and specimen signatures of persons authorized to give Proper Instructions. The Custodian shall be entitled to rely upon the identity and authority of such persons until it receives notice from the Fund to the contrary.
SECTION 7. |
ACTIONS PERMITTED WITHOUT EXPRESS AUTHORITY |
The Custodian may in its discretion, without express authority from the Fund on behalf of each applicable Portfolio:
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1) |
make payments to itself or others for minor expenses of handling securities or other similar items relating to its duties under this Agreement, provided that all such payments shall be accounted for to the Fund on behalf of the Portfolio; |
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2) |
surrender securities in temporary form for securities in definitive form; |
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3) |
endorse for collection, in the name of the Portfolio, checks, drafts and other negotiable instruments; and |
|
4) |
in general, attend to all non-discretionary details in connection with the sale, exchange, substitution, purchase, transfer and other dealings with the securities and property of the Portfolio except as otherwise directed by the Board. |
SECTION 8. |
EVIDENCE OF AUTHORITY |
The Custodian shall be protected in acting upon any instructions, notice, request, consent, certificate or other instrument or paper believed by it to be genuine and to have been properly executed by or on behalf of the Fund. The Custodian may receive and accept a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Fund ( Certified Resolution ) as conclusive evidence (a) of the authority of any person to act in accordance with such resolution or (b) of any determination or of any action by the Board as described in such resolution, and such resolution may be considered as in full force and effect until receipt by the Custodian of written notice to the contrary.
SECTION 9. |
DUTIES OF CUSTODIAN WITH RESPECT TO THE BOOKS OF ACCOUNT AND CALCULATION OF NET ASSET VALUE AND NET INCOME |
The Custodian shall cooperate with and supply necessary information to the entity or entities appointed by the Board to keep the books of account of each Portfolio and/or compute the net asset value per Share of the outstanding Shares or, if directed in writing to do so by the Fund on behalf of the Portfolio, shall itself keep such books of account and/or compute such net asset value per Share. If so directed, the Custodian shall also calculate daily the net income of the Portfolio as described in the Prospectus and shall advise the Fund and the Transfer Agent daily of the total amounts of such net income and, if instructed in writing by an officer of the Fund to do so, shall advise the Transfer Agent periodically of the division of such net income among its various components. The Fund acknowledges and agrees that, with respect to investments maintained with the Underlying Transfer Agent, the Underlying Transfer Agent is the sole source of information on the number of shares of a fund held by it on behalf of a Portfolio and that the Custodian has the right to rely on holdings information furnished by the Underlying Transfer Agent to the Custodian in performing its duties under this Agreement, including without limitation, the duties set forth in this Section 10 and in Section 11 hereof; provided, however, that the Custodian shall be obligated to reconcile information as to purchases and sales of Underlying Shares contained in trade instructions and confirmations received by the Custodian and to report promptly any discrepancies to the Underlying Transfer Agent. The calculations of the net asset value per Share and the daily income of each Portfolio shall be made at the time or times described from time to time in the Prospectus.
SECTION 10. |
RECORDS |
The Custodian shall with respect to each Portfolio create and maintain all records relating to its activities and obligations under this Agreement in such manner as will meet the obligations of the Fund under the 1940 Act, with particular attention to Section 31 thereof and Rules 31a-1 and 31a-2 thereunder. All such records shall be the property of the Fund and shall at all times during the regular business hours of the Custodian be open for inspection by duly authorized officers, employees or agents of the Fund and employees and agents of the SEC. The Custodian shall, at the Funds request, supply the Fund with a tabulation of securities owned by each Portfolio and held by the Custodian and shall, when requested to do so by the Fund and for such compensation as shall be agreed upon between the Fund and the Custodian, include certificate numbers in such tabulations.
SECTION 11. OPINION OF FUND'S INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM; EXAMINATION OF HOLDINGS PURSUANT TO RULE 17 F-2
The Custodian shall take all reasonable action, as the Fund on behalf of each applicable Portfolio may from time to time request, to obtain from year to year favorable opinions from the Funds independent registered public accounting firm with respect to its activities hereunder in connection with the preparation of the Funds registration statement on Form N-1A (and any amendments thereto), shareholder reports on Form N-CSR, and Form N-SAR or other annual reports to the SEC and with respect to any other requirements thereof. In addition, the Custodian shall cooperate with the Funds independent registered public accounting firm with respect to the Funds compliance with the holdings examination requirements of Rule 17f-2 under the 1940 Act and preparation of the Funds reports to the SEC on Form N-17f-2.
SECTION 12. |
REPORTS TO FUND BY INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM |
The Custodian shall provide the Fund, on behalf of each of the Portfolios at such times as the Fund may reasonably require, with reports by independent registered public accounting firm on the accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding securities, futures contracts and options on futures contracts, including securities deposited and/or maintained in a U.S. Securities System or a Foreign Securities System (either, a Securities System ), relating to the services provided by the Custodian under this Agreement; such reports, shall be of sufficient scope and in sufficient detail, as may reasonably be required by the Fund to provide reasonable assurance that any material inadequacies would be disclosed by such examination, and, if there are no such inadequacies, the reports shall so state.
SECTION 13. |
COMPENSATION OF CUSTODIAN |
In consideration for its services hereunder, Fund will pay to State Street the compensation set forth in a separate fee schedule, Exhibit A, incorporated herein by reference, to be agreed to by Fund and State Street from time to time.
SECTION 14. |
RESPONSIBILITY OF CUSTODIAN |
So long as and to the extent that it is in the exercise of reasonable care, the Custodian shall not be responsible for the title, validity or genuineness of any property or evidence of title thereto received by it or delivered by it pursuant to this Agreement and shall be held harmless in acting upon any notice, request, consent, certificate or other instrument reasonably believed by it to be genuine and to be signed by the proper party or parties, including any futures commission merchant acting pursuant to the terms of a three-party futures or options agreement. The Custodian shall be held to the exercise of reasonable care in carrying out the provisions of this Agreement, but shall be kept indemnified by and shall be without liability to the Fund for any action taken or omitted by it in good faith without negligence, including, without limitation, acting in accordance with any Proper Instruction. It shall be entitled to rely on and may act upon advice of counsel (who may be counsel for the Fund) on all matters, and shall be without liability for any action reasonably taken or omitted pursuant to such advice. The Custodian shall be without liability to the Fund and the Portfolios for any loss, liability, claim or expense resulting from or caused by anything that is part of Country Risk (as defined in Section 3 hereof), including without limitation nationalization, expropriation, currency restrictions, or acts of war, revolution, riots or terrorism.
Except as may arise from the Custodians own negligence or willful misconduct or the negligence or willful misconduct of a sub-custodian or agent, the Custodian shall be without liability to the Fund for any loss, liability, claim or expense resulting from or caused by: (i) events or circumstances beyond the reasonable control of the Custodian or any sub-custodian or Securities System or any agent or nominee of any of the foregoing, including, without limitation, the interruption, suspension or restriction of trading on or the closure of any securities market, power or other mechanical or technological failures or interruptions, computer viruses or communications disruptions, work stoppages, natural disasters, or other similar events or acts; (ii) errors by the Fund or its duly-authorized investment manager or investment advisor in their instructions to the Custodian, provided such instructions have been in accordance with this Agreement; (iii) the insolvency of or acts or omissions by a Securities System; (iv) any delay or failure of any broker, agent or intermediary, central bank or other commercially prevalent payment or clearing system to deliver to the Custodians sub-custodian or agent securities purchased or in the remittance or payment made in connection with securities sold; (v) any delay or failure of any company, corporation, or other body in charge of registering or transferring securities in the name of the Custodian, the Fund, the Custodians sub-custodians, nominees or agents or any consequential losses arising out of such delay or failure to transfer such securities including non-receipt of bonus, dividends and rights and other accretions or benefits; (vi) delays or inability to perform its duties due to any disorder in market infrastructure with respect to any particular security or Securities System; and (vii) any provision of any present or future law or regulation or order of the United States of America, or any state thereof, or any other country, or political subdivision thereof or of any court of competent jurisdiction.
The Custodian shall be liable for the acts or omissions of a Foreign Sub-Custodian (as defined in Section 4 hereof) to the same extent as set forth with respect to sub-custodians generally in this Agreement.
If the Fund on behalf of a Portfolio requires the Custodian to take any action with respect to securities, which action involves the payment of money or which action may, in the opinion of the Custodian, result in the Custodian or its nominee assigned to the Fund or the Portfolio being
liable for the payment of money or incurring liability of some other form, the Fund on behalf of the Portfolio, as a prerequisite to requiring the Custodian to take such action, shall provide indemnity to the Custodian in an amount and form satisfactory to it.
If the Fund requires the Custodian, its affiliates, subsidiaries or agents, to advance cash or securities for any purpose (including but not limited to securities settlements, foreign exchange contracts and assumed settlement) or in the event that the Custodian or its nominee shall incur or be assessed any taxes, charges, expenses, assessments, claims or liabilities in connection with the performance of this Agreement, except such as may arise from its or its nominees own negligent action, negligent failure to act or willful misconduct, any property at any time held for the account of the applicable Portfolio shall be security therefor and should the Fund fail to repay the Custodian promptly, the Custodian shall be entitled to utilize available cash and to dispose of such Portfolios assets to the extent necessary to obtain reimbursement.
In no event shall the Custodian be liable for indirect, special or consequential damages.
SECTION 15. |
EFFECTIVE PERIOD, TERMINATION AND AMENDMENT |
This Agreement shall become effective as of its execution, shall continue in full force and effect until terminated as hereinafter provided, may be amended at any time by mutual agreement of the parties hereto and may be terminated by either party by an instrument in writing delivered or mailed, postage prepaid to the other party, such termination to take effect not sooner than sixty (60) days after the date of such delivery or mailing; provided , however, that the Fund shall not amend or terminate this Agreement in contravention of any applicable federal or state regulations, or any provision of the Funds Declaration of Trust, and further provided, that the Fund on behalf of one or more of the Portfolios may at any time by action of its Board: (i) substitute another bank or trust company for the Custodian by giving notice as described above to the Custodian; or (ii) immediately terminate this Agreement in the event of the appointment of a conservator or receiver for the Custodian by the Comptroller of the Currency or upon the happening of a like event at the direction of an appropriate regulatory agency or court of competent jurisdiction.
Upon termination of the Agreement, the Fund on behalf of each applicable Portfolio shall pay to the Custodian such compensation as may be due as of the date of such termination and shall likewise reimburse the Custodian for its reasonable costs, expenses and disbursements.
SECTION 16. |
SUCCESSOR CUSTODIAN |
If a successor custodian for one or more Portfolios shall be appointed by the Board, the Custodian shall, upon termination, deliver to such successor custodian at the office of the Custodian, duly endorsed and in the form for transfer, all securities of each applicable Portfolio then held by it hereunder and shall transfer to an account of the successor custodian all of the securities of each such Portfolio held in a Securities System or at the Underlying Transfer Agent.
If no such successor custodian shall be appointed, the Custodian shall, in like manner, upon receipt of a Certified Resolution, deliver at the office of the Custodian and transfer such securities, funds and other properties in accordance with such resolution.
In the event that no written order designating a successor custodian or Certified Resolution shall have been delivered to the Custodian on or before the date when such termination shall become effective, then the Custodian shall have the right to deliver to a bank or trust company, which is a bank as defined in the 1940 Act, doing business in Boston, Massachusetts, or New York, New York, of its own selection, having an aggregate capital, surplus, and undivided profits, as shown by its last published report, of not less than $25,000,000, all securities, funds and other properties held by the Custodian on behalf of each applicable Portfolio and all instruments held by the Custodian relative thereto and all other property held by it under this Agreement on behalf of each applicable Portfolio, and to transfer to an account of such successor custodian all of the securities of each such Portfolio held in any Securities System or at the Underlying Transfer Agent. Thereafter, such bank or trust company shall be the successor of the Custodian under this Agreement.
In the event that securities, funds and other properties remain in the possession of the Custodian after the date of termination hereof owing to failure of the Fund to procure the Certified Resolution to appoint a successor custodian, the Custodian shall be entitled to fair compensation for its services during such period as the Custodian retains possession of such securities, funds and other properties and the provisions of this Agreement relating to the duties and obligations of the Custodian shall remain in full force and effect.
SECTION 17. |
INTERPRETIVE AND ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS |
In connection with the operation of this Agreement, the Custodian and the Fund on behalf of each of the Portfolios, may from time to time agree on such provisions interpretive of or in addition to the provisions of this Agreement as may in their joint opinion be consistent with the general tenor of this Agreement. Any such interpretive or additional provisions shall be in a writing signed by both parties and shall be annexed hereto, provided that no such interpretive or additional provisions shall contravene any applicable federal or state regulations or any provision of the Funds Declaration of Trust. No interpretive or additional provisions made as provided in the preceding sentence shall be deemed to be an amendment of this Agreement.
SECTION 18. |
ADDITIONAL SERIES |
In the event that the Fund establishes one or more series of Shares in addition to those listed on Addendum A with respect to which it desires to have the Custodian render services as custodian under the terms hereof, it shall so notify the Custodian in writing, and if the Custodian agrees in writing to provide such services, such series of Shares shall become a Portfolio hereunder and the parties shall amend Addendum A accordingly.
SECTION 19. |
MASSACHUSETTS LAW TO APPLY |
This Agreement shall be construed and the provisions thereof interpreted under and in accordance with laws of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
SECTION 20. |
PRIOR AGREEMENTS |
This Agreement supersedes and terminates, as of the date hereof, all prior Agreements between the Fund on behalf of each of the Portfolios and the Custodian relating to the custody of the Funds assets. However, the parties acknowledge that all rights, responsibilities and duties arising from the Former Custody and Investment Accounting Agreement shall continue to be in full force and effect until the date of the execution of this Agreement.
SECTION 21. |
NOTICES . |
Any notice, instruction or other instrument required to be given hereunder may be delivered in person to the offices of the parties as set forth herein during normal business hours or delivered prepaid registered mail or by telex, cable or telecopy to the parties at the following addresses or such other addresses as may be notified by any party from time to time.
To the Fund: |
QUANTITATIVE GROUP OF FUNDS |
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55 Old Bedford Road |
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Lincoln, Massachusetts 01773 |
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Attention: Senior Counsel |
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Telephone: 800-331-1244 |
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Telecopy: 781-259-1166 |
To the Custodian: |
STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY |
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801 Pennsylvania Avenue |
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Kansas City, Missouri 64105 |
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Attention: Senior Vice President Quantitative Fund Services |
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Telephone: 816-871-4100 |
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Telecopy: 816-871-9675 |
Such notice, instruction or other instrument shall be deemed to have been served in the case of a registered letter at the expiration of five business days after posting, in the case of cable twenty-four hours after dispatch and, in the case of telex, immediately on dispatch and if delivered outside normal business hours it shall be deemed to have been received at the next time after delivery when normal business hours commence and in the case of cable, telex or telecopy on the business day after the receipt thereof. Evidence that the notice was properly addressed, stamped and put into the post shall be conclusive evidence of posting.
SECTION 22 . |
REPRODUCTION OF DOCUMENTS |
This Agreement and all schedules, addenda, exhibits, attachments and amendments hereto may be reproduced by any photographic, photostatic, microfilm, micro-card, miniature photographic or other similar process. The parties hereto all/each agree that any such reproduction shall be admissible in evidence as the original itself in any judicial or administrative proceeding, whether or not the original is in existence and whether or not such reproduction was made by a party in the regular course of business, and that any enlargement, facsimile or further reproduction of such reproduction shall likewise be admissible in evidence.
SECTION 23. |
REMOTE ACCESS SERVICES AGREEMENT. |
The Custodian and the Fund agree to be bound by the terms of the Remote Access Services Agreement between Fund and Custodian, dated August 20, 2002, as amended from time to time.
SECTION 24. |
SHAREHOLDER COMMUNICATIONS ELECTION |
Rule 14b-2 under the Exchange Act requires banks that hold securities for the account of customers to respond to requests by issuers of securities for the names, addresses and holdings of beneficial owners of securities of that issuer held by the bank unless the beneficial owner has expressly objected to disclosure of this information. In order to comply with the rule, the Custodian needs the Fund to indicate whether it authorizes the Custodian to provide the Funds name, address, and share position to requesting companies whose securities the Fund owns. If the Fund checks no below, the Custodian will not provide this information to requesting companies. If the Fund checks yes below or does not check either yes or no below, the Custodian is required by the Rule to treat the Fund as consenting to disclosure of this information for all securities owned by the Fund or any funds or accounts established by the Fund. For the Funds protection, the Rule prohibits the requesting company from using the Funds name and address for any purpose other than corporate communications. Please indicate below whether the Fund consents or objects by checking one of the alternatives below.
YES o |
The Custodian is authorized to release the Funds name, address, and share positions. |
NO x |
The Custodian is not authorized to release the Funds name, address, and share positions. |
[Remainder of page intentionally left blank. Signatures follow.]
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the parties have caused this Custodian Agreement to be executed by its duly authorized officers.
QUANTITATIVE GROUP OF FUNDS |
By: |
/s/ Willard L. Umphrey |
Name: |
Willard L. Umphrey |
Title: |
President |
STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY |
By: |
/s/ Mark Nicholson |
Name: Mark Nicholson |
Title: |
SVP |
ADDENDUM A
List of Portfolios
Quant Emerging Markets Fund
Quant Foreign Value Fund
Quant Foreign Value Small Cap Fund
Quant Long/Short Fund
Quant Small Cap Fund
INVESTMENT ACCOUNTING AGREEMENT
THIS AGREEMENT is made effective the 1 st day of May , 2008, by and between STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY , a trust company chartered under the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts ( State Street ), and QUANTITATIVE GROUP OF FUNDS , a Massachusetts business trust ( Fund ).
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WITNESSETH : |
WHEREAS , Fund and Investors Fiduciary Trust Company, the predecessor by merger to State Street, entered into a Custody and Investment Accounting Agreement on January 19, 1998, and desire to amend and restate said agreement (the Prior Custody and Investment Accounting Agreement ) by the coincident execution of this Agreement and a corresponding Custody Agreement; and
WHEREAS, Fund desires State Street to continue to perform certain investment accounting and recordkeeping functions for the investment securities, other non-cash investment properties, and monies (the Assets ) of the Funds investment portfolio or portfolios (each a Portfolio , and collectively the Portfolios ); and
WHEREAS , State Street is willing to accept such appointment on the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth;
NOW THEREFORE , for and in consideration of the mutual promises contained herein, the parties hereto, intending to be legally bound, mutually covenant and agree as follows:
SECTION 1 APPOINTMENT . Fund hereby contracts with State Street to perform certain investment accounting and recordkeeping functions relating to portfolio transactions required of a duly registered investment company under Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the rules and regulations from time to time adopted thereunder (the 1940 Act ), and to calculate the net asset value per share ( NAV ) of each Portfolio in accordance with the provisions of Section 3 hereof.
SECTION 2 |
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES |
SECTION 2 .1 FUND REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES . Fund hereby represents, warrants and acknowledges to State Street:
1) That it is a business trust duly organized and existing and in good standing under the laws of its state of organization, and that it is registered under the 1940 Act; and
has been duly executed and delivered by Fund; and this Agreement constitutes a
legal, valid and binding obligation of Fund, enforceable in accordance with its terms.
SECTION 2 .2 STATE STREET REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES . State Street hereby represents, warrants and acknowledges to Fund:
1) That it is a trust company duly organized and existing and in good standing under the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts; and
2) That it has the requisite power and authority under applicable law, its charter and its bylaws to enter into and perform this Agreement; this Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by State Street; and this Agreement constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of State Street, enforceable in accordance with its terms.
SECTION 3 |
DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE PARTIES |
SECTION 3 .1 DELIVERY OF ACCOUNTS AND RECORDS . Fund will turn over or cause to be turned over to State Street all accounts and records needed by State Street to perform its duties and responsibilities hereunder fully and properly. State Street may rely conclusively on the completeness and correctness of such accounts and records.
SECTION 3 .2 ACCOUNTS AND RECORDS . State Street will prepare and maintain, under the direction of and as interpreted by Fund, Funds or Portfolios independent registered public accounting firm and/or other advisors, in complete, accurate and current form such accounts and records: (1) required to be maintained by Fund with respect to portfolio transactions under Rule 31(a) under the 1940 Act; (2) required as a basis for calculation of each Portfolios NAV; and (3) as otherwise agreed upon by the parties. Fund will advise State Street in writing of all applicable record retention requirements, other than those set forth in the 1940 Act. State Street will preserve such accounts and records during the term of this Agreement in the manner and for the periods prescribed in the 1940 Act or for such longer period as is agreed upon by the parties. Fund will furnish, in writing or its electronic or digital equivalent, accurate and timely information needed by State Street to complete such accounts and records when such information is not readily available from generally accepted securities industry services or publications.
SECTION 3 .3 ACCOUNTS AND RECORDS PROPERTY OF FUND . State Street acknowledges that all of the accounts and records maintained by State Street pursuant hereto are the property of Fund and will be made available to Fund for inspection or reproduction within a reasonable period of time, upon demand. Upon receipt from Fund of the necessary information or Proper Instructions, State Street will supply information from the books and records it maintains for any Portfolio that Fund may reasonably request for tax returns, questionnaires, periodic reports to regulators and such other reports and information requests as Fund and State Street may agree upon from time to time.
SECTION 3 .4 ADOPTION OF PROCEDURES . State Street and Fund may from time to time adopt such procedures as they agree upon, and State Street may conclusively assume that no procedure approved or directed by Fund, Funds or Portfolios independent registered public accounting firm or other advisors conflicts with or violates any requirements of the governing
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documents, prospectus, any applicable law, rule or regulation, or any order, decree or agreement by which Fund may be bound. Fund will be responsible for notifying State Street of any changes in its prospectus, statement of additional information, governing documents, statutes, regulations, rules, requirements or policies that may impact State Streets responsibilities or procedures under this Agreement.
SECTION 3 .5 VALUATION OF ASSETS . State Street will value the Assets in accordance with Funds Proper Instructions utilizing the information sources designated by Fund ( Pricing Sources ) on the then-current Price Source and Methodology Authorization Matrix, incorporated herein by this reference, in the form attached hereto.
SECTION 4 PROPER INSTRUCTIONS. Proper Instructions, which may also be standing instructions, as used throughout this Agreement, shall mean instructions received by State Street from Fund, the Funds investment manager or sub-adviser or other person or entity duly authorized by Fund. Such instructions may be in writing signed by the authorized person or persons or may be in a tested communication or in a communication utilizing access codes effected between electro-mechanical or electronic devices or may be by such other means and utilizing such intermediary systems and utilities as may be agreed to from time to time by State Street and the person or entity giving such instructions, provided that Fund has followed any security procedures agreed to from time to time by Fund and State Street. Oral instructions will be considered Proper Instructions if State Street reasonably believes them to have been given by a person authorized to give such instructions with respect to the transaction involved. Fund shall cause all oral instructions to be confirmed in writing. Fund shall cause its duly authorized officer to certify to State Street in writing the names and specimen signatures of persons authorized to give Proper Instructions. State Street shall be entitled to rely upon the identity and authority of such persons until it receives notice from Fund to the contrary. Unless Funds notice delegating authority to any person to give Proper Instructions specifically limits such authority to specific matters or requires that the approval of any other person will first have been obtained, State Street will be under no obligation to inquire into the right of such person, acting alone, to give any Proper Instructions whatsoever. If Fund fails to provide State Street any such notice naming authorized persons, any instructions received by State Street from a person reasonably believed to be an appropriate representative of Fund will constitute valid Proper Instructions hereunder. The term authorized person may include Funds employees and agents, including investment managers and their employees. Fund will provide upon State Streets request a certificate signed by an officer or authorized person of Fund, as conclusive proof of any fact or matter required to be ascertained from Fund hereunder. Upon State Streets request, Fund also will provide Proper Instructions with respect to any matter concerning this Agreement. If State Street reasonably believes that it could not prudently act according to any Proper Instructions, or the instruction or advice of Funds registered public accounting firm or counsel, it may in its discretion, communicate such belief to Fund and refrain from acting in accordance therewith.
SECTION 5 |
LIMITATION OF LIABILITY OF STATE STREET . |
SECTION 5 .1 INDEMNIFICATION OF STATE STREET BY FUND. State Street shall be held to the standard of reasonable care in carrying out the provisions of this Agreement. However, State Street is not responsible or liable for, and Fund will promptly indemnify and hold State Street harmless from and against, any and all direct costs, expenses, losses, damages, charges, reasonable attorneys fees, payments and liabilities that are asserted against or incurred by State Street or for which State Street is held to be liable, arising out of or attributable to State Streets
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entrance into this Agreement, as a result of State Street following any Proper Instruction, or as a result of any other action or inaction of State Street in the performance of its duties under this Agreement, provided, however, that any such action or inaction was in good faith and in the exercise of reasonable care; and provided, further, that such indemnity and hold harmless obligation shall not apply to any costs, expenses, losses, damages, charges, reasonable counsel fees, payments or liabilities to the extent arising out of State Streets negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct.
SECTION 5 .2 OTHER LIMITATIONS OF STATE STREET'S LIABILITY. Without limiting the generality of Section 5.1, State Street is not responsible or liable hereunder for:
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1) |
State Streets action or failure to act hereunder upon any advice, notice, request, consent, certificate or other instrument or paper reasonably appearing to it to be genuine, including any communications, data or other information received by State Street by means of the Systems (as such term is defined in the Remote Access Services Addendum of even date herewith by and between Fund and State Street) or any electronic system of communication; |
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2) |
State Streets action or failure to act in good faith reliance on the advice or opinion of counsel for Fund or of its own counsel with respect to questions or matters of law, which advice or opinion may be obtained by State Street at the expense of Fund, or on the Proper Instruction, advice or statements of any officer or employee of Fund or Funds independent registered public accounting firm or other authorized individuals, and other persons believed by it in good faith to be expert in matters upon which they are consulted; |
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3) |
Any error, omission, inaccuracy or other deficiency in any accounts and records or other information provided to State Street by or on behalf of Fund with respect to any Portfolio, including the accuracy of the data and prices provided by the Data Sources, or the information supplied by Fund to value the Assets, or the failure of Fund to provide, or provide in a timely manner, any accounts, records, or information needed by State Street to perform its duties hereunder; |
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4) |
Funds refusal or failure to comply with the terms hereof (including without limitation Funds failure to pay or reimburse State Street under Section 5 hereof), Funds negligence or willful misconduct, or the failure of any representation or warranty of Fund hereunder to be and remain materially true and correct at all times; |
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5) |
Loss occasioned by the acts, omissions, defaults or insolvency of Fund or any broker, bank, trust company, securities system or any other person with whom State Street may deal; and |
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6) |
The failure or delay in performance of its obligations hereunder, or those of any entity for which it is responsible hereunder, arising out of or caused, directly or indirectly, by circumstances beyond the affected entitys reasonable control, including, without limitation: any interruption, loss or malfunction of any utility, transportation, computer (hardware or software) or communication service; inability to obtain labor, material, equipment or transportation, or a delay in mails; |
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governmental or exchange action, statute, ordinance, rulings, regulations or direction; war, strike, riot, emergency, civil disturbance, terrorism, vandalism, explosions, labor disputes, freezes, floods, fires, tornadoes, acts of God or public enemy, revolutions, or insurrection.
SECTION 6 COMPENSATION . In consideration for its services hereunder, Fund will pay to State Street the compensation set forth in a separate fee schedule, incorporated herein by reference, to be agreed to by Fund and State Street from time to time, and, upon demand, reimbursement for State Streets cash disbursements and reasonable out-of-pocket costs and expenses, including attorneys fees and disbursements, incurred by State Street in connection with the performance of services hereunder.
SECTION 7 TERM AND TERMINATION . The initial term of this Agreement is for a period of one (1) year. Thereafter, this Agreement will continue until either Fund or State Street terminates this Agreement by written notice to the other party that is received not less than ninety (90) days prior to the date specified therein upon which such termination will take effect. Upon termination hereof:
1) Fund will pay State Street its fees and compensation due hereunder and its reimbursable disbursements, costs and expenses paid or incurred to such date;
2) Fund will designate a successor (which may be Fund) by Proper Instruction to State Street; and
3) State Street will, upon payment of all sums due to State Street from Fund hereunder or otherwise, deliver all accounts and records and other properties of Fund to the successor, or, if none, to Fund, at State Streets office.
State Street shall not be required to disclose its Confidential Material (as hereinafter defined) to any successor service provider or other third party, nor shall it be required to obtain or develop any data not produced as part of the services hereunder. In the event that accounts, records or other properties remain in the possession of State Street after the date of termination hereof for any reason other than State Streets failure to deliver the same, State Street is entitled to reasonable compensation for storage thereof during such period, and shall be entitled to destroy the same if not removed by the Fund within ten (10) days after written demand. Termination of this Agreement with respect to the coverage of any Portfolio(s) shall in no way affect the rights and duties under this Agreement with respect to any remaining Portfolios.
SECTION 8 |
REVIEWS OF ACCOUNTS AND RECORDS. |
SECTION 8 .1 ACCESS TO STATE STREET . Upon request of Fund (which shall include reasonable advance notice), State Street shall grant access to its facilities and personnel to Fund and its auditors (including internal audit staff and independent registered public accounting firm), compliance personnel, governmental personnel and regulators for the purpose of performing such audits or inspections as may be reasonably required to examine State Streets performance of services hereunder. State Street shall provide to Fund and such auditors, compliance personnel, governmental personnel and regulators such assistance and support as they may reasonably request. Fund shall ensure that at least one of its designated representatives is physically present at State Streets facilities during any audit or inspection by governmental
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personnel and regulators to examine State Streets performance of the services. Fund shall reimburse State Street for any reasonable expense or cost incurred by State Street in supporting any audit or inspection out of the ordinary course of business.
SECTION 8 .2 LIMITATIONS ON ACCESS . Notwithstanding the foregoing audit and inspection rights, State Street reserves the right to impose reasonable limitations on the number, frequency, timing and scope of audits and inspections requested by Fund so as to prevent or minimize any potential impairment or disruption of its operations, distraction of its personnel or breaches of security or confidentiality; provided, however, that State Street may not limit the number, frequency or timing of audits and inspections in connection with any investigation or other action by any regulatory or governmental body with supervisory authority over Fund. Nothing contained in this Section 8 shall obligate State Street to provide access to or otherwise disclose: (i) any information that is unrelated to Fund and the provision of services by State Street to Fund; (ii) any information which is treated as confidential under State Streets corporate policies including, without limitation, internal audit reports, compliance or risk management plans or reports, work papers and other reports and information relating to management functions; or (iii) any other documents, reports or other information that State Street is obligated to maintain in confidence as a matter of law or regulation.
SECTION 9 CONFIDENTIALITY . Confidential Material of either party to this Agreement shall mean any proprietary computer software, programs, source or object codes, databases, specifications, techniques, technical information, know-how, strategic business information, marketing and business plans, product information, client information, financial data, or other information or materials which such party (collectively, Proprietor ) discloses to the other party ( Recipient ), including, without limitation, all portfolio and investment data and other information and materials disclosed by Fund to State Street in connection with this Agreement, and all accounts, records and other materials produced by State Street pursuant to this Agreement; provided that Fund shall be deemed Proprietor and State Street shall be deemed Recipient with respect to all accounts and records of Fund produced by State Street pursuant to this Agreement. Confidential Material shall not include information which: (i) is generally available and known to the public; (ii) becomes generally available and known to the public other than as the result of a disclosure by Recipient in violation of this Agreement; (iii) becomes available to Recipient from a source other than the Proprietor, provided such source did not, to Recipients knowledge, obtain such information or make such disclosure to Recipient in violation of an agreement with the Proprietor or through other improper action or inaction; or (iv) is independently developed by Recipient without use of or reference to the Confidential Material, and such independent development is evidenced or otherwise confirmed by written documentation. Confidential Material will be used by Recipient solely for the purpose of carrying out this Agreement and will be kept confidential by Recipient; provided, however, that any Confidential Material may be disclosed to employees and agents of Recipient who reasonably need to know such information for the purpose of carrying out this Agreement (it being understood that all such employees and agents shall be informed of the confidential nature of such Confidential Material and shall be directed not to disclose such Confidential Material and to use such Confidential Material solely for the purpose of carrying out this Agreement). In addition, State Street may aggregate Funds nonpublic portfolio holdings information with similar data of other State Street clients and may report and use such aggregated data without specific reference to Fund so long as such aggregated data is sufficiently large a sample that no Confidential Material can be identified either directly or by inference or implication. Nothing herein shall prevent the disclosure of Confidential Material that is required to be disclosed: (i) by
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Recipient to its regulatory authorities; or (ii) by order of a court of competent jurisdiction, subpoena or other legal process; provided, that Recipient shall give Proprietor prompt notice of such requirement so Proprietor may seek an appropriate protective order. Recipient specifically agrees that money damages would not be a sufficient remedy for any breach of this Section and Proprietor shall be entitled to specific performance as a remedy for any such breach. Specific performance shall not be deemed to be the exclusive remedy for any breach of this Section, but shall be in addition to all other remedies available at law or in equity. The obligations and agreements set forth in this Section shall survive the termination of this Agreement.
SECTION 10 |
GENERAL |
SECTION 10 .1 INTERPRETIVE AND ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS . In connection with the operation hereof, State Street and Fund may from time to time agree on such provisions interpretive of or in addition to the provisions hereof as may in their joint opinion be consistent with the general tenor of this Agreement. Any such interpretive or additional provisions shall be in a writing signed by both parties and shall be annexed hereto, provided that no such interpretive or additional provisions shall contravene any applicable federal or state regulations or any provision of the governing documents. No interpretive or additional provisions made as provided in the preceding sentence shall be deemed to be an amendment of this Agreement.
SECTION 10 .2 ADDITIONAL PORTFOLIOS . In the event that Fund establishes one or more additional series with respect to which it desires to have State Street render services under the terms hereof, it shall so notify State Street in writing, and if State Street agrees to provide such services, such series shall become a Portfolio hereunder. Each Portfolio will be regarded for all purposes hereunder as a separate party apart from each other Portfolio. Unless the context otherwise requires, with respect to every transaction covered hereby, every reference herein to Fund is deemed to relate solely to the particular Portfolio to which such transaction relates. Under no circumstances will the rights, obligations or remedies with respect to a particular Portfolio constitute a right, obligation or remedy applicable to any other Portfolio. The use of this single document to memorialize the separate agreement as to each Portfolio is understood to be for clerical convenience only and will not constitute any basis for joining the Portfolios for any reason.
SECTION 10 .3 MASSACHUSETTS LAW TO APPLY . This Agreement shall be construed and the provisions thereof interpreted under and in accordance with laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
SECTION 10 .4 PRIOR AGREEMENTS . This Agreement supersedes and terminates, as of the date hereof, all prior agreements between Fund on behalf of each of the Portfolios and State Street relating to the recordkeeping of the Assets. However, the parties acknowledge that all rights, responsibilities and duties arising from the Former Custody and Investment Accounting Agreement shall continue to be in full force and effect until the date of the execution of this Agreement.
SECTION 10 .5 REMOTE ACCESS SERVICES ADDENDUM . State Street and Fund agree to be bound by the terms of the Remote Access Services Addendum attached hereto and incorporated herein by reference.
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SECTION 10 .6 |
ASSIGNMENT . Except as otherwise set forth herein, this Agreement may |
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not be assigned by either party without the written consent of the other. State Street shall have the right to delegate and sub-contract for the performance of any or all of its duties hereunder, provided that State Street shall remain responsible for the performance of such duties and all the terms and conditions hereof shall continue to apply as though State Street performed such duties itself.
SECTION 10 .7 COUNTERPARTS AND AMENDMENTS . This Agreement may be executed in several counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, and all such counterparts taken together shall constitute but one and the same Agreement. No provision of this Agreement may be amended unless such amendment is set forth in a written agreement executed by State Street and Fund.
SECTION 10 .8 INSTRUCTIONS AND NOTICES . Any Proper Instruction, notice, communication or other instrument required to be given hereunder may be: (a) delivered in person to the offices of the parties as set forth herein during normal business hours; (b) effected directly between electro-mechanical or electronic devices as provided in Section 4 hereof; (c) delivered prepaid certified mail, return receipt requested (in which case it shall be deemed to have been served on the delivery date specified on the return receipt); or (d) delivered by telecopy (in which case it shall be deemed to have been served on the business day after the receipt thereof). Each party hereto shall designate from time to time the person(s) and address(es) for Proper Instructions and other communications related to the daily operations. Proper Instructions and other communications related to this Agreement (including but not limited to termination, breach, or default notices) shall be delivered at the following addresses, which may be changed by either party by written notice to the other party from time to time.
To Fund:
QUANTITATIVE GROUP OF FUNDS
55 Old Bedford Road
Lincoln, Massachusetts 01733
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Attention: Senior Counsel |
Telephone: 800-331-1244
Telecopy: 781-259-1166
To State Street:
STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY
801 Pennsylvania Avenue
Kansas City, Missouri 64105
Attention: Senior Vice President, Quantitative Fund Services
Telephone: 816-871-4100
Telecopy: 816-871-9675
SECTION 10 .9 REPRODUCTION OF DOCUMENTS. This Agreement and all schedules, addenda, exhibits, attachments and amendments hereto may be reproduced by any photographic, photostatic, microfilm, micro-card, miniature photographic or other similar process. The parties hereto all/each agree that any such reproduction shall be admissible in evidence as the original itself in any judicial or administrative proceeding, whether or not the original is in existence and whether or not such reproduction was made by a party in the regular course of business, and that
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any enlargement, facsimile or further reproduction of such reproduction shall likewise be admissible in evidence.
SECTION 10 .10 SEVERABILITY . If any provision in this Agreement is determined to be invalid, illegal, in conflict with any law or otherwise unenforceable, the remaining provisions hereof will be considered severable and will not be affected thereby, and every remaining provision hereof will remain in full force and effect and will remain enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties have caused this Investment Accounting Agreement to be executed by their respective duly authorized officers.
QUANTITATIVE GROUP OF FUNDS
By: /s/ Willard L. Umphrey
Name: Willard L. Umphrey
Title: President
STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY
By: /s/ Mark Nicholson
Name: Mark Nicholson
Title: SVP
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