Exhibit
3.1
AMENDMENT
TO AMENDED AND RESTATED CODE OF REGULATIONS
The
following Amendment to the Amended and Restated Code of Regulations of M/I
Homes, Inc. (the “Regulations”) amends the Regulations by deleting Article II(f)
of the Regulations in its entirety and replacing such Article II(f) with a new
Article II(f):
(f)
Restrictions on
Transfer
.
(1)
Securities Act Restrictions
on Transfer
. A restriction on the hypothecation, transfer or
registration of transfer of shares of the corporation may be imposed either by
the Articles of Incorporation or by this Code of Regulations or by an agreement
among any number of shareholders or among such holders and the corporation or by
resolution of the Board determining that restriction is reasonably necessary for
compliance with the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. No
restriction so imposed shall be binding with respect to the securities issued
prior to the adoption of the restriction unless the holders of such securities
are parties to an agreement or voted in favor of the
restriction. Unless noted conspicuously on the share certificate, a
restriction, even though permitted by this Article II(f)(1), is ineffective
except against a person with actual knowledge of the restriction.
(2)
Section 382 Restrictions on
Transfer
.
(A)
Definitions
. As
used in this Article II(f)(2), the following capitalized terms have the
following meanings when used herein with initial capital letters (and any
references to any portions of Treasury Regulation § 1.382-2T shall include
any successor provisions):
“5-percent Transaction”
means
any Transfer described in clause (i) or (ii) of Article
II(f)(2)(B).
“5-percent Shareholder”
means
a Person or group of Persons that is a “5-percent shareholder” of the
corporation pursuant to Treasury Regulation § 1.382-2T(g).
“Agent”
has the meaning set
forth in Article II(f)(2)(E).
“Board of Directors”
or
“Board”
means the board of
directors of the corporation.
“Common Shares”
means any
interest in the Common Shares, par value $0.01 per share, of the corporation
that would be treated as “stock” of the corporation pursuant to Treasury
Regulation § 1.382-2T(f)(18).
“Code”
means the United
States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time, and the
rulings issued thereunder.
“Corporation Security”
or
“Corporation
Securities”
means (i) Common Shares, (ii) preferred shares
issued by the corporation (other than preferred shares described in
Section 1504(a)(4) of the Code), (iii) warrants, rights or options
(including options within the meaning of Treasury Regulation
§ 1.382-2T(h)(4)(v)) to purchase Securities of the corporation and
(iv) any Shares.
“Effective Date”
means the
date the shareholders approved the effectiveness of this Article
II(f)(2).
“Excess Securities”
has the
meaning given such term in Article II(f)(2)(D).
“Expiration Date”
means the
earlier of (i) the amendment or repeal of Section 382 of the Code or
any successor statute if, in such event, the Board of Directors determines that
this Article II(f)(2) is no longer necessary for the preservation of Tax
Benefits, (ii) the beginning of a taxable year of the corporation to which
the Board of Directors determines that no Tax Benefits may be carried forward or
(iii) such date as the Board of Directors shall fix in accordance with
Article II(f)(2)(L).
“Percentage Share Ownership”
means the percentage Share Ownership interest of any Person or group (as the
context may require) for purposes of Section 382 of the Code as determined
in accordance with the Treasury Regulation § 1.382-2T(g), (h), (j) and
(k) or any successor provision.
“Person”
means any
individual, firm, corporation or other legal entity, and includes any successor
(by merger or otherwise) of such entity;
provided
,
however
, that a Person shall
not mean a Public Group.
“Prohibited Transfer”
means
any Transfer or purported Transfer of Corporation Securities to the extent that
such Transfer is prohibited and/or void under this Article
II(f)(2).
“Public Group”
has the
meaning set forth in Treasury Regulation § 1.382-2T(f)(13).
“Purported Transferee”
has
the meaning set forth in Article II(f)(2)(D).
“Securities”
and
“Security”
each has the
meaning set forth in Article II(f)(2)(G).
“Shares”
means any interest
that would be treated as “stock” of the corporation pursuant to Treasury
Regulation § 1.382-2T(f)(18).
“Share Ownership”
means any
direct or indirect ownership of Shares, including any ownership by virtue of
application of constructive ownership rules, with such direct, indirect and
constructive ownership determined under the provisions of Section 382 of
the Code and the Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Tax Benefits”
means the net
operating loss carryforwards, capital loss carryforwards, general business
credit carryforwards, alternative minimum tax credit carryforwards and foreign
tax credit carryforwards, as well as any loss or deduction attributable to a
“net unrealized built-in loss” of the corporation or any direct or indirect
subsidiary thereof, within the meaning of Section 382 of the
Code.
“Transfer”
means any direct
or indirect sale, transfer, assignment, conveyance, pledge or other disposition
or other action taken by a person, other than the corporation, that alters the
Percentage Share Ownership of any Person or group. A Transfer also shall include
the creation or grant of an option (including an option within the meaning of
Treasury Regulation § 1.382-2T(h)(4)(v)). For the avoidance of doubt, a
Transfer shall not include the creation or grant of an option by the
corporation, nor shall a Transfer include the issuance of Shares by the
corporation.
“Transferee”
means any Person
to whom Corporation Securities are Transferred.
“Treasury Regulations”
means
the regulations, including temporary regulations or any successor regulations
promulgated under the Code, as amended from time to time.
(B)
Transfer and Ownership
Restrictions
. In order to preserve the Tax
Benefits, from and after the Effective Date of this Article II(f)(2), any
attempted Transfer of Corporation Securities prior to the Expiration Date and
any attempted Transfer of Corporation Securities pursuant to an agreement
entered into prior to the Expiration Date, shall be prohibited and void
ab initio
to the extent that,
as a result of such Transfer (or any series of Transfers of which such Transfer
is a part), either (i) any Person or group of Persons would become a
5-percent Shareholder or (ii) the Percentage Share Ownership in the
corporation of any 5-percent Shareholder would be increased.
(C)
Exceptions
.
(i) Notwithstanding
anything to the contrary herein, Transfers to a Public Group (including a new
Public Group created under Treasury Regulation § 1.382-2T(j)(3)(i)) shall
be permitted.
(ii) The restrictions
set forth in Article II(f)(2)(B) shall not apply to an attempted Transfer that
is a 5-percent Transaction if the transferor or the Transferee obtains the
written approval of the Board of Directors. As a condition to granting its
approval pursuant to this Article II(f)(2)(C), the Board of Directors may, in
its discretion, require (at the expense of the transferor and/or Transferee) an
opinion of counsel selected by the Board of Directors that the Transfer shall
not result in the application of any Section 382 of the Code limitation on
the use of the Tax Benefits; provided that the Board may grant such approval
notwithstanding the effect of such approval on the Tax Benefits if it determines
that the approval is in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation.
The Board of Directors may impose any conditions that it deems reasonable and
appropriate in connection with such approval, including, without limitation,
restrictions on the ability of any Transferee to Transfer Corporation Securities
acquired through a Transfer. Approvals of the Board of Directors hereunder may
be given prospectively or retroactively. Nothing in this Article II(f)(2)(C)
shall be construed to limit or restrict the Board of Directors in the exercise
of its fiduciary duties under applicable law.
(D)
Excess
Securities
.
(i) No employee or
agent of the corporation shall record any Prohibited Transfer, and the purported
Transferee of such a Prohibited Transfer (the
“Purported Transferee”
) shall
not be recognized as a shareholder of the corporation for any purpose whatsoever
in respect of the Corporation Securities which are the subject of the Prohibited
Transfer (the
“Excess
Securities”
). Until the Excess Securities are acquired by another Person
in a Transfer that is not a Prohibited Transfer, the Purported Transferee shall
not be entitled with respect to such Excess Securities to any rights of
shareholders of the corporation, including, without limitation, the right to
vote such Excess Securities and to receive dividends or distributions, whether
liquidating or otherwise, in respect thereof, if any, and the Excess Securities
shall be deemed to remain with the transferor unless and until the Excess
Securities are transferred to the Agent pursuant to Article II(f)(2)(E) or until
an approval is obtained under Article II(f)(2)(C) or until the Excess Securities
are acquired by another Person in a transaction that is not a Prohibited
Transfer. After the Excess Securities have been acquired in a Transfer that is
not a Prohibited Transfer, the Corporation Securities shall cease to be Excess
Securities. For this purpose, any Transfer of Excess Securities not in
accordance with the provisions of this Article II(f)(2)(D) or Article
II(f)(2)(E) shall also be a Prohibited Transfer.
(ii) The
corporation may require as a condition to the registration of the Transfer of
any Corporation Securities or the payment of any distribution on any Corporation
Securities that the proposed Transferee or payee furnish to the corporation all
information reasonably requested by the corporation with respect to its direct
or indirect ownership interests in such Corporation Securities. The corporation
may make such arrangements or issue such instructions to its share transfer
agent as may be determined by the Board of Directors to be necessary or
advisable to implement this Article II(f)(2), including, without limitation,
authorizing such transfer agent to require an affidavit from a Purported
Transferee regarding such Person’s actual and constructive ownership of Shares
and other evidence that a Transfer will not be prohibited by this Article
II(f)(2) as a condition to registering any Transfer.
(E)
Transfer to
Agent
. If the Board of Directors determines that a
Transfer of Corporation Securities constitutes a Prohibited Transfer then, upon
written demand by the corporation
sent within thirty
days of the date on which the Board of Directors determines that the attempted
Transfer would result in Excess Securities, the Purported Transferee shall
transfer or cause to be transferred any certificate or other evidence of
ownership of the Excess Securities within the Purported Transferee’s possession
or control, together with any Prohibited Distributions, to an agent designated
by the Board of Directors (the
“Agent”
). The Agent shall
thereupon sell to a buyer or buyers, which may include the corporation, the
Excess Securities transferred to it in one or more arm’s-length transactions (on
the public securities market on which such Excess Securities are traded, if
possible, or otherwise privately);
provided, however
, that any
such sale must not constitute a Prohibited Transfer and
provided, further,
that the
Agent shall effect such sale or sales in an orderly fashion and shall not be
required to effect any such sale within any specific time frame if, in the
Agent’s discretion, such sale or sales would disrupt the market for the
Corporation Securities or otherwise would adversely affect the value of the
Corporation Securities. If the Purported Transferee has resold the Excess
Securities before receiving the corporation’s demand to surrender Excess
Securities to the Agent, the Purported Transferee shall be deemed to have sold
the Excess Securities for the Agent, and shall be required to transfer to the
Agent any Prohibited Distributions and proceeds of such sale, except to the
extent that the corporation grants written permission to the Purported
Transferee to retain a portion of such sales proceeds not exceeding the amount
that the Purported Transferee would have received from the Agent pursuant to
Article II(f)(2)(F) if the Agent rather than the Purported Transferee had resold
the Excess Securities.
(F)
Application of Proceeds and
Prohibited Distributions
. The Agent shall apply
any proceeds of a sale by it of Excess Securities and, if the Purported
Transferee has previously resold the Excess Securities, any amounts received by
it from a Purported Transferee, together, in either case, with any Prohibited
Distributions, as follows: (i) first, such amounts shall be paid to the
Agent to the extent necessary to cover its costs and expenses incurred in
connection with its duties hereunder; (ii) second, any remaining amounts
shall be paid to the Purported Transferee, up to the amount paid by the
Purported Transferee for the Excess Securities (or the fair market value at the
time of the Transfer, in the event the purported Transfer of the Excess
Securities was, in whole or in part, a gift, inheritance or similar Transfer)
which amount shall be determined at the discretion of the Board of Directors;
and (iii) third, any remaining amounts shall be paid to one or more
organizations qualifying under Section 501(c)(3) of the Code (or any
comparable successor provision) selected by the Board of Directors. The
Purported Transferee of Excess Securities shall have no claim, cause of action
or any other recourse whatsoever against any transferor of Excess Securities.
The Purported Transferee’s sole right with respect to such Shares shall be
limited to the amount payable to the Purported Transferee pursuant to this
Article II(f)(2)(F). In no event shall the proceeds of any sale of Excess
Securities pursuant to this Article II(f)(2)(F) inure to the benefit of the
corporation or the Agent, except to the extent used to cover costs and expenses
incurred by the Agent in performing its duties hereunder.
(G)
Modification of Remedies for
Certain Indirect Transfers
. In the event of any
Transfer which does not involve a transfer of securities of the corporation
within the meaning of Ohio law (
“Securities,”
and
individually, a
“Security”
) but which would
cause a 5-percent Shareholder to violate a restriction on Transfers provided for
in this Article II(f)(2), the application of Article II(f)(2)(E) and Article
II(f)(2)(F) shall be modified as described in this Article II(f)(2)(G). In such
case, no such 5-percent Shareholder shall be required to dispose of any interest
that is not a Security, but such 5-percent Shareholder and/or any Person whose
ownership of Securities is attributed to such 5-percent Shareholder shall be
deemed to have disposed of and shall be required to dispose of sufficient
Securities (which Securities shall be disposed of in the inverse order in which
they were acquired) to cause such 5-percent Shareholder, following such
disposition, not to be in violation of this Article II(f)(2). Such disposition
shall be deemed to occur simultaneously with the Transfer giving rise to the
application of this provision, and such number of Securities that are deemed to
be disposed of shall be considered Excess Securities and shall be disposed of
through the Agent as provided in Article II(f)(2)(E) and Article II(f)(2)(F),
except that the maximum aggregate amount payable either to such 5-percent
Shareholder, or to such other Person that was the direct holder of such Excess
Securities, in
connection with such sale shall be the
fair market value of such Excess Securities at the time of the purported
Transfer. All expenses incurred by the Agent in disposing of such Excess
Securities shall be paid out of any amounts due such 5-percent Shareholder or
such other Person. The purpose of this Article II(f)(2)(G) is to extend the
restrictions in Article II(f)(2)(B) and Article II(f)(2)(E) to situations in
which there is a 5-percent Transaction without a direct Transfer of Securities,
and this Article II(f)(2)(G), along with the other provisions of this Article
II(f)(2), shall be interpreted to produce the same results, with differences as
the context requires, as a direct Transfer of Corporation
Securities.
(H)
Legal Proceedings; Prompt
Enforcement
. If the Purported Transferee fails to
surrender the Excess Securities or the proceeds of a sale thereof to the Agent
within thirty days from the date on which the corporation makes a written demand
pursuant to Article II(f)(2)(E) (whether or not made within the time specified
in Article II(f)(2)(E)), then the corporation shall be entitled to take all
actions which it believes are appropriate to enforce the provisions hereof,
including the institution of legal proceedings to compel the surrender. Nothing
in this Article II(f)(2)(H) shall (i) be deemed inconsistent with any
Transfer of the Excess Securities provided in this Article II(f)(2) being void
ab initio
,
(ii) preclude the corporation in its discretion from immediately bringing
legal proceedings without a prior demand or (iii) cause any failure of the
corporation to act within the time periods set forth in Article II(f)(2)(E) to
constitute a waiver or loss of any right of the corporation under this Article
II(f)(2). The Board of Directors may authorize such additional actions as it
deems advisable to give effect to the provisions of this Article
II(f)(2).
(I)
Liability
. To
the fullest extent permitted by law, any shareholder subject to the provisions
of this Article II(f)(2) who knowingly violates the provisions of this Article
II(f)(2) and any Persons controlling, controlled by or under common control with
such shareholder shall be jointly and severally liable to the corporation for,
and shall indemnify and hold the corporation harmless against, any and all
damages suffered as a result of such violation, including but not limited to
damages resulting from a reduction in, or elimination of, the corporation’s
ability to utilize its Tax Benefits, and attorneys’ and auditors’ fees incurred
in connection with such violation.
(J)
Obligation to Provide
Information
. As a condition to the registration of
the Transfer of any Shares, any Person who is a beneficial, legal or record
holder of Shares, and any proposed Transferee and any Person controlling,
controlled by or under common control with the proposed Transferee, shall
provide such information as the corporation may request from time to time in
order to determine compliance with this Article II(f)(2) or the status of the
Tax Benefits of the corporation.
(K)
Legends
. The
Board of Directors may require that any certificates issued by the corporation
evidencing ownership of Shares that are subject to the restrictions on transfer
and ownership contained in this Article II(f)(2) bear the following
legend:
The Board
of Directors may also require that any certificates issued by the corporation
evidencing ownership of Shares that are subject to conditions imposed by the
Board of Directors under Article II(f)(2)(C) also bear a conspicuous legend
referencing the applicable restrictions.
(L)
Authority of Board of
Directors
.
(i) The Board of
Directors shall have the power to determine all matters necessary for assessing
compliance with this Article II(f)(2), including, without limitation,
(a) the identification of 5-percent Shareholders, (b) whether a
Transfer is a 5-percent Transaction or a Prohibited Transfer, (c) the
Percentage Share Ownership in the corporation of any 5-percent Shareholder,
(d) whether an instrument constitutes a Corporation Security, (e) the
amount (or fair market value) due to a Purported Transferee pursuant to Article
II(f)(2)(F) and (f) any other matters which the Board of Directors
determines to be relevant; and the good faith determination of the Board of
Directors on such matters shall be conclusive and binding for all the purposes
of this Article II(f)(2). In addition, the Board of Directors may, to the extent
permitted by law, from time to time establish, modify, amend or rescind by-laws
and procedures of the corporation not inconsistent with the provisions of this
Article II(f)(2) for purposes of determining whether any Transfer of Corporation
Securities would jeopardize the corporation’s ability to preserve and use the
Tax Benefits and for the orderly application, administration and implementation
of this Article II(f)(2).
(iii) In the case of
an ambiguity in the application of any of the provisions of this Article
II(f)(2), including any definition used herein, the Board of Directors shall
have the power to determine the application of such provisions with respect to
any situation based on its reasonable belief, understanding or knowledge of the
circumstances. In the event this Article II(f)(2) requires an action by the
Board of Directors but fails to provide specific guidance with respect to such
action, the Board of Directors shall have the power to determine the action to
be taken so long as such action is not contrary to the provisions of this
Article II(f)(2). All such actions, calculations, interpretations and
determinations which are done or made by the Board of Directors in good faith
shall be conclusive and binding on the corporation, the Agent and all other
parties for all other purposes of this Article II(f)(2). The Board of Directors
may delegate all or any portion of its duties and powers under this Article
II(f)(2) to a committee of the Board of Directors as it deems necessary or
advisable and, to the fullest extent permitted by law, may exercise the
authority granted by this Article II(f)(2) through duly authorized officers or
agents of the corporation. Nothing in this Article II(f)(2) shall be construed
to limit or restrict the Board of Directors in the exercise of its fiduciary
duties under applicable law.
(M)
Reliance
. To
the fullest extent permitted by law, the corporation and the members of the
Board of Directors shall be fully protected in relying in good faith upon the
information, opinions, reports or statements of the chief executive officer, the
chief financial officer, the chief accounting officer or the corporate
controller of the corporation or of the corporation’s legal counsel, independent
auditors, transfer agent, investment bankers or other employees and agents in
making the determinations and findings contemplated by this Article II(f)(2),
and the members of the Board of Directors shall not be liable in damages for any
action that they take or fail to take under this Article II(f)(2), except as
provided Section 1701.59(D) of the Ohio Revised Code, as amended from time to
time. For purposes of determining the existence and identity of, and the amount
of any Corporation Securities owned by, any shareholder, the corporation is
entitled to rely on the existence and absence of filings of Schedule 13D or
13G under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (or similar filings),
as of any date, subject to its actual knowledge of the ownership of Corporation
Securities.
(N)
Benefits of this Article
II(f)(2)
. Nothing in this Article II(f)(2) shall
be construed to give to any Person other than the corporation or the Agent any
legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Article II(f)(2). This
Article II(f)(2) shall be for the sole and exclusive benefit of the corporation
and the Agent.
(O)
Severability
. The
purpose of this Article II(f)(2) is to facilitate the corporation’s ability to
maintain or preserve its Tax Benefits. If any provision of this Article II(f)(2)
or the application of any such provision to any Person or under any circumstance
shall be held invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect by a court of
competent jurisdiction, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall
not affect any other provision of this Article II(f)(2).
(P)
Waiver
. With
regard to any power, remedy or right provided herein or otherwise available to
the corporation or the Agent under this Article II(f)(2), (i) no waiver
will be effective unless expressly contained in a writing signed by the waiving
party; and (ii) no alteration, modification or impairment will be implied
by reason of any previous waiver, extension of time, delay or omission in
exercise or other indulgence.