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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2022
NOTE 1 — ORGANIZATION AND OPERATIONS
We are an energy services and solutions company operating on six continents, focused on bromine-based completion fluids, calcium chloride, water management solutions, frac flowback, and production well testing services. We were incorporated in Delaware in 1981. Our products and services are delivered through two reporting segments – Completion Fluids & Products Division and Water & Flowback Services Division. Unless the context requires otherwise, when we refer to “we,” “us,” and “our,” we are describing TETRA Technologies, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries on a consolidated basis.
Our Completion Fluids & Products Division manufactures and markets clear brine fluids (“CBFs”), additives, and associated products and services to the oil and gas industry for use in well drilling, completion, and workover operations in the United States and in certain countries in Latin America, Europe, Asia, the Middle East, and Africa. The Division also markets liquid and dry calcium chloride products manufactured at its production facilities or purchased from third-party suppliers to a variety of markets outside the energy industry, and markets TETRA PureFlow® ultra-pure zinc bromide to several battery technology companies.
Our Water & Flowback Services Division provides onshore oil and gas operators with comprehensive water management services. The Division also provides frac flowback, production well testing, and other associated services in many of the major oil and gas producing regions in the United States, as well as in oil and gas basins in certain countries in Latin America, Europe, and the Middle East.
NOTE 2 — BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Principles of Consolidation
Our consolidated financial statements include the accounts of our wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Our former subsidiary, CSI Compressco LP (“CSI Compressco”) is a publicly traded limited partnership with its common units traded on the NASDAQ Exchange (“NASDAQ”) under the symbol “CCLP.” TETRA’s capital structure and CSI Compressco’s capital structure were separate, and did not include cross default provisions, cross collateralization provisions or cross guarantees. Through January 29, 2021, our cash flows from our investment in CSI Compressco were limited to the quarterly distributions we received on our CSI Compressco common units and general partner interest (including incentive distribution rights (“IDRs”)) and the amounts collected for services we performed on behalf of CSI Compressco. CSI Compressco was determined to be a variable interest entity and we, through our ownership of the general partner in CSI Compressco through January 29, 2021, controlled the financial interests of CSI Compressco and had the ability to direct the activities of CSI Compressco that most significantly impacted its economic performance. As such, we were considered the primary beneficiary and consolidated the financial statements of CSI Compressco through January 29, 2021.
On January 29, 2021, we entered into the Purchase and Sale Agreement with Spartan Energy Partners LP and Spartan Energy Holdco, LLC (together, “Spartan”) pursuant to which we sold the general partner of CSI Compressco, including the IDRs in CSI Compressco and approximately 23.1% of the outstanding limited partner interests in CSI Compressco, in exchange for $13.9 million in cash. Following the closing of the transaction, we retained an interest in CSI Compressco representing approximately 3.7% of the outstanding common units as of December 31, 2022. We refer to this transaction with Spartan as the “GP Sale.” Substantially all of our former Compression Division’s operations were conducted through our partially-owned CSI Compressco subsidiary. We have reflected the operations of our former Compression Division as discontinued operations for all periods presented. See Note 3 - “Discontinued Operations” for further information.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclose contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, and impairments during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and such differences could be material.
Reclassifications
Certain previously reported financial information has been reclassified to conform to the current year’s presentation. For a discussion of the reclassification of the financial presentation of our former Compression Division as discontinued operations, see Note 3 - “Discontinued Operations”. Unless otherwise noted, amounts and disclosures throughout these Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements relate solely to continuing operations and exclude all discontinued operations.
Cash Equivalents
We consider all highly liquid cash investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.
Financial Instruments
Financial instruments that subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of trade receivables. Our policy is to evaluate, prior to providing goods or services, each customer’s financial condition and to determine the amount of open credit to be extended. We generally require appropriate, additional collateral as security for credit amounts in excess of approved limits. Our customers consist primarily of major, well-established oil and gas producers and independent oil and gas companies, as well as industrial, agricultural, road, and food and beverage purchasers for the chemicals we manufacture. Payment terms are on a short-term basis.
We have currency exchange rate risk exposure related to transactions denominated in a foreign currency as well as to investments in certain of our international operations. Our risk management activities include the use of foreign currency forward purchase and sale derivative contracts as part of a program designed to mitigate the currency exchange rate risk exposure on selected international operations.
We have $3.0 million outstanding balance under our variable rate revolving credit facilities as of December 31, 2022. Outstanding balances on variable-rate bank credit facilities create market risk exposure related to changes in applicable interest rates.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
The allowance for doubtful accounts is determined on a specific identification basis when we believe that the collection of specific amounts owed to us is not probable. Changes in the allowance are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, |
| | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
| | (In Thousands) |
At beginning of period | | $ | 289 | | | $ | 6,824 | | | $ | 1,912 | |
Activity in the period: | | | | | | |
Provision for doubtful accounts | | 257 | | | (4) | | | 5,672 | |
Account (charge offs) recoveries, net | | (8) | | | (6,531) | | | (760) | |
| | | | | | |
At end of period | | $ | 538 | | | $ | 289 | | | $ | 6,824 | |
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Except for work in progress inventory, cost is determined using the weighted average method. The cost of work in progress is determined using the specific identification method.
Property, Plant, and Equipment
Property, plant, and equipment are stated at cost. Expenditures that increase the useful lives of assets are capitalized. The cost of repairs and maintenance is charged to operations as incurred. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which are generally as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
Buildings | | 25 years |
Machinery and equipment | | 3 – 10 years |
Automobiles and trucks | | 4 – 5 years |
Chemical plants | | 15 – 30 years |
| | |
Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of the remaining term of the associated lease or its useful life. Depreciation expense, excluding impairments and other charges, for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020 was $27.3 million, $27.8 million, and $32.4 million, respectively.
Construction in progress as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 consisted primarily of equipment fabrication projects.
Intangible Assets other than Goodwill
Customer relationships, trademarks, tradenames, marketing rights and other intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, with remaining useful lives up to 11 years. Amortization of intangible assets was $4.9 million, $5.1 million, and $5.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively, and is included in depreciation, amortization, and accretion. The estimated future annual amortization expense of intangible assets is $3.8 million for 2023, $3.7 million for 2024, $3.7 million for 2025, $3.6 million for 2026, $3.3 million for 2027, and $14.9 million thereafter. See Note 5 - “Intangibles” for additional discussion.
Intangible assets other than goodwill are tested for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. In such an event, we will determine the fair value of the asset using an undiscounted cash flow analysis of the asset at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows exist. If an impairment has occurred, we will recognize a loss for the difference between the carrying value and the estimated fair value of the intangible asset. See “Impairments of Long-Lived Assets” section in Note 6 - “Impairments and Other Charges”.
Leases
As a lessee, unless the lease meets the criteria of short-term and is excluded per our policy election described below, we initially recognize a lease liability and related right-of-use asset on the commencement date. The right-of-use asset represents our right to use an underlying asset and the lease liability represents our obligation to make lease payments to the lessor over the lease term.
Long-term operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use assets, operating lease liabilities - current portion, and operating lease liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets. Long-term finance leases are included in machinery and equipment, accrued liabilities and other and other liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets. We determine whether a contract is or contains a lease at inception of the contract. Where we are a lessee in a contract that includes an option to extend or terminate the lease, we include the extension period or exclude the period covered by the termination option in our lease term in determining the right-of-use asset and lease liability, if it is reasonably certain that we would exercise the option.
As an accounting policy election, we do not include short-term leases on our balance sheets. Short-term leases include leases with a term of 12 months or less, inclusive of renewal options we are reasonably certain to
exercise. The lease payments for short-term leases are included as operating lease costs on a straight-line basis over the lease term in cost of revenues or general and administrative expense based on the use of the underlying asset. We recognize lease costs for variable lease payments not included in the determination of a lease liability in the period in which an obligation is incurred.
Our operating and finance leases are recognized at the present value of lease payments over the lease term. When the implicit discount rate is not readily determinable, we use our incremental borrowing rate to calculate the discount rate used to determine the present value of lease payments. Consistent with other long-lived assets or asset groups that are held and used, we test for impairment of our right-of-use assets when impairment indicators are present.
Impairments of Long-Lived Assets
Impairments of long-lived assets, including identified intangible assets, are determined periodically when indicators of impairment are present. If such indicators are present, the determination of the amount of impairment is based on our judgments as to the future undiscounted operating cash flows to be generated from these assets throughout their remaining estimated useful lives. If these undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the related asset, an impairment is recognized for the excess of the carrying value over its fair value. Assets held for disposal are recorded at the lower of carrying value or estimated fair value less estimated selling costs. See Note 6 - “Impairments and Other Charges” for additional discussion of recorded impairments.
Revenue Recognition
Performance Obligations. Revenue is generally recognized when we transfer control of our products or services to our customers. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for transferring products or providing services to our customers. We receive cash equal to the invoice price for most sales of product and services and payment terms typically range from 30 to 60 days from the date we invoice our customer. Since the period between when we deliver products or services and when the customer pays for such products or services is not expected to exceed one year, we have elected not to calculate or disclose a financing component for our customer contracts.
Depending on the terms of the arrangement, we may also defer the recognition of revenue for a portion of the consideration received because we have to satisfy a future performance obligation.
For any arrangements with multiple performance obligations, we use management’s estimated selling price to determine the stand-alone selling price for separate performance obligations. For revenue associated with mobilization of service equipment as part of a service contract arrangement, such revenue, if significant, is deferred and amortized over the estimated service period.
Product Sales. Product sales revenues are recognized at a point in time when we transfer control of our product offerings to our customers, generally when we ship products from our facility to our customer. The product sales for our Completion Fluids & Products Division consist primarily of CBFs, additives, and associated manufactured products. Certain customers have bill-and-hold arrangements. Revenue for bill-and-hold arrangements is recognized when control transfers to the customer, even though the customer may not have physical possession of the product. Control transfers when there is a substantive reason for the arrangement, the product is identified as belonging to the customer, is ready for physical transfer, and cannot be directed for use by anyone but the customer. Product sales for our Water & Flowback Services Division are typically attributed to specific performance obligations within certain production testing service arrangements.
Services. Service revenues represent revenue recognized over time, as our customer arrangements typically provide agreed upon day rates and we recognize service revenue based upon the number of days services have been performed. Service revenue recognized over time is associated with a majority of our Water & Flowback Services Division arrangements, and a small portion of Completion Fluids & Products Division revenue that is associated with completion fluid service arrangements. Our customer contracts are generally for terms of one year or less. The majority of the service arrangements in the Water & Flowback Services Division are for a period of 90 days or less.
Sales taxes, value added taxes, and other taxes we collect concurrent with revenue-producing activities are excluded from revenue. We have elected to recognize the cost for freight and shipping costs as part of cost of product sales when control over our products (i.e. delivery) has transferred to the customer.
Use of Estimates. In recognizing revenue for variable consideration arrangements, the amount of variable consideration recognized is limited so that it is probable that significant amounts of revenues will not be reversed in future periods when the uncertainty is resolved. For products returned by the customer, we estimate the expected returns based on an analysis of historical experience. For volume discounts earned by the customer, we estimate the discount (if any) based on our estimate of the total expected volume of products sold or services to be provided to the customer during the discount period. In certain contracts for the sale of CBFs, we may agree to issue credits for the repurchase of reclaimable used fluids from certain customers at an agreed price that is based on the condition of the fluids and, in some cases, the volume of fluids sold.
Contract Assets and Liabilities. We consider contract assets to be trade accounts receivable when we have an unconditional right to consideration and only the passage of time is required before payment is due. In certain instances, particularly those requiring customer specific documentation prior to invoicing, our invoicing of the customer is delayed until certain documentation requirements are met. In those cases, we recognize a contract asset rather than a billed trade accounts receivable until we are able to invoice the customer. Contract assets, along with billed trade accounts receivable, are included in trade accounts receivable in our consolidated balance sheets.
We classify contract liabilities as unearned income in our consolidated balance sheets. Unearned income includes amounts in which the Company was contractually allowed to invoice prior to satisfying the associated performance obligations.
Operating Costs
Cost of product sales includes direct and indirect costs of manufacturing and producing our products, including raw materials, fuel, utilities, labor, overhead, repairs and maintenance, materials, services, transportation, warehousing, equipment rentals, insurance, and certain taxes. Cost of services includes operating expenses we incur in delivering our services, including labor, equipment rental, fuel, repair and maintenance, transportation, overhead, insurance, and certain taxes. We include in product sales revenues the reimbursements we receive from customers for shipping and handling costs. Shipping and handling costs are included in cost of product sales. Amounts we incur for “out-of-pocket” expenses in the delivery of our services are recorded as cost of services. Reimbursements for “out-of-pocket” expenses we incur in the delivery of our services are recorded as service revenues. Depreciation, amortization, and accretion includes depreciation expense for all of our facilities, equipment and vehicles, amortization expense on our intangible assets, and accretion expense related to our decommissioning and other asset retirement obligations.
We include in general and administrative expense all costs not identifiable to our specific product or service operations, including divisional and general corporate overhead, professional services, corporate office costs, sales and marketing expenses, insurance, and certain taxes.
Equity-Based Compensation
We have various equity incentive compensation plans which provide for the granting of restricted common stock, options for the purchase of our common stock, and other performance-based, equity-based compensation awards to our executive officers, key employees, nonexecutive officers, and directors. Total equity-based compensation expense, net of taxes, for the three years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, was $6.8 million, $4.6 million, and $4.3 million, respectively. General and administrative expense for the year ended December 31, 2022 also includes $2.4 million for a portion of short-term incentive compensation that is expected to be settled in stock rather than cash during the first quarter of 2023. For further discussion of equity-based compensation, see Note 13 – “Equity-Based Compensation and Other”.
Mineral Resources Arrangements
We are party to agreements in which Standard Lithium Ltd. (“Standard Lithium”) has the right to explore, produce and extract lithium in our Arkansas leases as well as additional potential resources in the Mojave region of California. The Company receives cash and stock of Standard Lithium (NYSE:SLI) under the terms of the arrangements. The cash and stock component of consideration received is initially recorded as unearned income
based on the quoted market price at the time the stock is received, then recognized in income over the contract term. During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, income from this arrangement was $3.3 million, $1.1 million, and $3.1 million, respectively, including the value of cash and stock received, and $(1.4) million, $(1.8) million and $0.9 million, respectively, for unrealized gains (losses) on changes in the value of Standard Lithium stock held. We also recognized $15.5 million of income during 2021 from the sale of our shares in Standard Lithium. This income is included in other (income) expense, net in our consolidated statements of operations. See Note 14 - “Fair Value Measurements” for further discussion.
Income Taxes
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis amounts. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect of a change in tax rates is recognized as income or expense in the period that includes the enactment date. A portion of the carrying value of certain deferred tax assets are subject to a valuation allowance. See Note 15 – “Income Taxes” for further discussion.
In January 2018, the FASB released guidance on the accounting for tax on the global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”) provisions of the Tax Reform Act. The GILTI provisions impose a tax on foreign income in excess of a deemed return on tangible assets of foreign corporations. The guidance indicates that either accounting for deferred taxes related to GILTI inclusions or to treat any taxes on GILTI inclusions as period costs are both acceptable methods subject to an accounting policy election. We elected to account for GILTI as a period cost in the year the tax is incurred.
Noncontrolling Interests
Noncontrolling interests represent third-party ownership in the net assets of the Company’s consolidated subsidiaries and are presented as a component of equity. Substantially all of the Company’s noncontrolling interests represented third-party ownership in CSI Compressco prior to the GP sale in January 2021.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Certain of our international operations maintain their accounting records in the local currencies that are their functional currencies. For these operations, the functional currency financial statements are converted to United States dollar equivalents, with the effect of the foreign currency translation adjustment reflected as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) is included in equity in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and consists of the cumulative currency translation adjustments associated with such international operations.
In addition, the change in the fair value of the convertible note issued by CarbonFree Chemicals Holdings, LLC (“CarbonFree”), excluding the embedded option, is included in other comprehensive income (loss) in our consolidated statements of comprehensive income. The portion of our accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to the convertible note is subject to reclassifications to net income if or when we settle the CarbonFree convertible note. See Note 8 – “Investments” for further discussion of the convertible note.
Income (Loss) per Common Share
The calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share excludes losses attributable to noncontrolling interests. The calculation of basic earnings per share excludes any dilutive effects of equity awards or warrants. The calculation of diluted earnings per share includes the effect of equity awards and warrants, if dilutive, which is computed using the treasury stock method during the periods such equity awards and warrants were outstanding. For the years ended December 31, 2021, and 2020, the average diluted shares outstanding excludes the impact of all outstanding equity awards and warrants, as the inclusion of these shares would have been anti-dilutive due to the net losses from continuing operations recorded during the year.
Foreign Currency Translation
We have designated the Euro, the British pound, the Canadian dollar, and the Brazilian real as the functional currencies for our operations in Finland and Sweden, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Brazil,
respectively. The United States dollar is the designated functional currency for all of our other significant non-U.S. operations. The cumulative translation effects of translating the applicable accounts from the functional currencies into the U.S. dollar at current exchange rates are included as a separate component of equity. Foreign currency exchange (gains) and losses are included in other (income) expense, net, and totaled $(1.1) million, $(1.4) million, and $2.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively.
During 2021, we determined our business operations in Norway were primarily operating using the United States dollar. Effective July 1, 2021, the functional currency of our operations in Norway was changed from the Norwegian krone to the United States dollar. The remeasurement did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.
Fair Value Measurements
We utilize fair value measurements to account for certain items and account balances within our consolidated financial statements. Fair value measurements are utilized on a recurring basis in the determination of the carrying values of certain investments. See Note 8 – “Investments” and Note 14 - “Fair Value Measurements” for further discussion.
Fair value measurements are also utilized on a nonrecurring basis in certain circumstances, such as in the allocation of purchase consideration for acquisition transactions to the assets and liabilities acquired, including intangible assets and goodwill (a Level 3 fair value measurement), the initial recording of our asset retirement obligations, and for the impairment of long-lived assets, including goodwill (a Level 3 fair value measurement).
Supplemental Cash Flow Information
Supplemental cash flow information from continuing and discontinued operations is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Year Ended December 31, |
| 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
| (in thousands) |
Supplemental cash flow information(1): | | | | | |
Interest paid | $ | 15,669 | | | $ | 14,347 | | | $ | 63,935 | |
Income taxes paid | $ | 3,270 | | | $ | 2,100 | | | $ | 5,633 | |
Accrued capital expenditures at year end | $ | 7,036 | | | $ | 7,491 | | | $ | 1,573 | |
(1) Information for the year ended December 31, 2020 includes the activity for CSI Compressco for the full period. Information for the year ended December 31, 2021 includes activity for CSI Compressco for January only.
New Accounting Pronouncements
Standards not yet adopted
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments”. ASU 2016-13 amends the impairment model to utilize an expected loss methodology in place of the currently used incurred loss methodology, which will result in the more timely recognition of losses on financial instruments not accounted for at fair value through net income. The provisions require credit impairments to be measured over the contractual life of an asset and developed with consideration for past events, current conditions, and forecasts of future economic information. Credit impairment will be accounted for as an allowance for credit losses deducted from the amortized cost basis at each reporting date. Updates at each reporting date after initial adoption will be recorded through selling, general, and administrative expense. On January 1, 2023, we adopted ASU 2016-13. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, “Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848)”, which provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying U.S. GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by the discontinuation of the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or by another reference rate expected to be discontinued. In December 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-06, “Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848.” Entities may elect to apply the amendments for contract
modifications made on or before December 31, 2024. During the three months ended September 30, 2021, our asset-based credit agreement and term credit agreement were amended to allow replacement of LIBOR with another benchmark rate, such as the secured overnight financing rate (“SOFR”) in the event that LIBOR cannot be determined or does not fairly reflect the cost to our lenders of funding our loans. If LIBOR is not available, we cannot predict what alternative index would be negotiated with our lenders. We will assess the impact of adopting ASU 2020-04, as extended by ASU 2022-06, on our consolidated financial statements if or when our contracts are modified to eliminate references to LIBOR.
NOTE 3 – DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS
On January 29, 2021, we entered into the Purchase and Sale Agreement with Spartan pursuant to which we sold the general partner of CSI Compressco, including the IDRs in CSI Compressco and approximately 23.1% of the outstanding limited partner interests in CSI Compressco. As a result of these transactions, we no longer consolidate CSI Compressco as of January 29, 2021. We recognized a primarily non-cash accounting gain of $120.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2021 related to the GP Sale. The gain, most of which was a function of CSI Compressco having a negative carrying value within our consolidated balance sheet due to our share of cumulative losses and distributions, is included in income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes in our consolidated statement of operations. We also provided back-office support to CSI Compressco under a Transition Services Agreement until CSI Compressco completed a full separation from our back-office support functions during the first quarter of 2022. In the second quarter of 2022, we received $0.3 million from CSI Compressco for the sale of equipment. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we received $0.4 million from CSI Compressco for services provided under the Transition Services Agreement and distributions, and paid less than $0.1 million to CSI Compressco for reimbursement of expenses. During the year ended December 31, 2021, we received $7.0 million from CSI Compressco for services provided under the Transition Services Agreement, distributions and other reimbursements and paid $0.5 million to CSI Compressco for reimbursement of expenses. Our interest in CSI Compressco and the general partner represented substantially all of our Compression Division. A summary of financial information related to our discontinued operations is as follows:
Reconciliation of the Line Items Constituting Pretax Loss from Discontinued Operations to the After-Tax Loss from Discontinued Operations
(In Thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Year Ended |
| December 31, 2022 |
| Offshore Services | | Maritech | | Total |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
General and administrative expense | $ | 31 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 31 | |
| | | | | |
Other expense, net | — | | | (226) | | | (226) | |
Pretax income (loss) from discontinued operations | $ | (31) | | | $ | 226 | | | 195 | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
Income from discontinued operations attributable to TETRA stockholders | | | | | $ | 195 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Year Ended |
| December 31, 2021 |
| Compression | | Offshore Services | | Total |
Revenue | $ | 18,968 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 18,968 | |
Cost of revenues | 11,471 | | | (142) | | | 11,329 | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
General and administrative expense | 2,766 | | | (179) | | | 2,587 | |
Interest expense, net | 4,336 | | | — | | | 4,336 | |
Other expense, net | 164 | | | 252 | | | 416 | |
Pretax income from discontinued operations | $ | 231 | | | $ | 69 | | | 300 | |
Pretax income on disposal of discontinued operations | | | | | 120,137 | |
Total pretax income from discontinued operations | | | | | 120,437 | |
Income tax provision | | | | | 30 | |
Income from discontinued operations | | | | | 120,407 | |
Income from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling interest | | | | | (333) | |
Income from discontinued operations attributable to TETRA stockholders | | | | | $ | 120,074 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Year Ended |
| December 31, 2020 |
| Compression | | Offshore Services | | Total |
Revenue | $ | 338,246 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 338,246 | |
Cost of revenues | 212,253 | | | (330) | | | 211,923 | |
Depreciation, amortization, and accretion | 80,533 | | | — | | | 80,533 | |
Impairments and other charges | 20,841 | | | — | | | 20,841 | |
General and administrative expense | 37,895 | | | 473 | | | 38,368 | |
Interest expense, net | 52,771 | | | — | | | 52,771 | |
Other expense, net | 2,688 | | | — | | | 2,688 | |
Pretax loss from discontinued operations | $ | (68,735) | | | $ | (143) | | | (68,878) | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
Income tax provision | | | | | 3,211 | |
Loss from discontinued operations | | | | | (72,089) | |
Loss from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling interest | | | | | 47,898 | |
Loss from discontinued operations attributable to TETRA stockholders | | | | | $ | (24,191) | |
Reconciliation of Major Classes of Assets and Liabilities of the Discontinued Operations to Amounts Presented Separately in the Statement of Financial Position
(In Thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | December 31, 2022 |
| | | Offshore Services | | Maritech | | Total |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
Carrying amounts of major classes of liabilities included as part of discontinued operations | | | | | | | |
Trade payables | | | $ | 319 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 319 | |
| | | | | | | |
Accrued liabilities and other | | | 506 | | | 95 | | | 601 | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
Total liabilities associated with discontinued operations | | | $ | 825 | | | $ | 95 | | | $ | 920 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | December 31, 2021 |
| | | Offshore Services | | Maritech | | Total |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
Carrying amounts of major classes of liabilities included as part of discontinued operations | | | | | | | |
Trade payables | | | $ | 1,157 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 1,157 | |
| | | | | | | |
Accrued liabilities and other | | | — | | | 228 | | | 228 | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
Total liabilities associated with discontinued operations | | | $ | 1,157 | | | $ | 228 | | | $ | 1,385 | |
See Note 11 - “Commitments and Contingencies” for further discussion of contingencies of discontinued operations.
NOTE 4 — REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS
Our contract asset balances, primarily associated with customer documentation requirements, were $33.1 million, $20.5 million, and $12.8 million as of December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively. Contract assets, along with billed trade accounts receivable, are included in trade accounts receivable in our consolidated balance sheets.
Unearned income includes amounts in which the Company was contractually allowed to invoice prior to satisfying the associated performance obligations. Unearned income balances were $3.7 million and $3.2 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and vary based on the timing of invoicing and performance obligations being met. Unearned income is included in accrued liabilities and other in our consolidated balance sheets. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we recognized approximately $0.6 million of revenue deferred in unearned income as of the beginning of the period. This amount is included in products sales and services revenues in our consolidated statements of operations. Revenue recognized during the years ended December 31 2021 and 2020 deferred as of the end of the preceding year was not significant. During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, contract costs were not significant.
We disaggregate revenue from contracts with customers into Product Sales and Services within each segment, as noted in our two reportable segments in Note 17 - “Industry Segments and Geographic Information”. In addition, we disaggregate revenue from contracts with customers by geography based on the following table below:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Year Ended December 31, |
| 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
| (In Thousands) |
Completion Fluids & Products | | | | | |
United States | $ | 137,851 | | | $ | 96,291 | | | $ | 100,076 | |
International | 135,522 | | | 123,357 | | | 142,585 | |
| $ | 273,373 | | | $ | 219,648 | | | $ | 242,661 | |
Water & Flowback Services | | | | | |
United States | $ | 254,113 | | | $ | 155,495 | | | $ | 125,759 | |
International | 25,727 | | | 13,129 | | | 9,295 | |
| $ | 279,840 | | | $ | 168,624 | | | $ | 135,054 | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
Total Revenue | | | | | |
United States | $ | 391,964 | | | $ | 251,786 | | | $ | 225,835 | |
International | 161,249 | | | 136,486 | | | 151,880 | |
| $ | 553,213 | | | $ | 388,272 | | | $ | 377,715 | |
We are also party to agreements in which Standard Lithium has the right to explore, and an option to acquire the rights to produce and extract lithium in our Arkansas leases as well as other potential resources in the Mojave region of California. The Company receives cash and stock of Standard Lithium under the terms of the arrangements. The cash and stock component of consideration received is initially recorded as unearned income based on the quoted market price at the time the stock is received, then recognized in income over the contract
term. See Minerals Resources Arrangements within Note 2 - “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” for further discussion.
NOTE 5 — INTANGIBLES
The components of intangible assets and their related accumulated amortization are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2022 |
| | Gross Intangibles | | Accumulated Amortization | | Net Intangibles |
| | (In Thousands) |
Customer relationships | | $ | 56,304 | | | $ | (27,331) | | | $ | 28,973 | |
Trademarks and tradenames | | 4,519 | | | (2,394) | | | 2,125 | |
Marketing rights | | 13,626 | | | (12,600) | | | 1,026 | |
Other intangibles | | 5,502 | | | (4,671) | | | 831 | |
Total intangibles | | $ | 79,951 | | | $ | (46,996) | | | $ | 32,955 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2021 |
| | Gross Intangibles | | Accumulated Amortization | | Net Intangibles |
| | (In Thousands) |
Customer relationships | | $ | 56,122 | | | $ | (24,470) | | | $ | 31,652 | |
Trademarks and tradenames | | 4,658 | | | (2,091) | | | 2,567 | |
Marketing rights | | 14,630 | | | (13,310) | | | 1,320 | |
Other intangibles | | 5,871 | | | (4,452) | | | 1,419 | |
Total intangibles | | $ | 81,281 | | | $ | (44,323) | | | $ | 36,958 | |
NOTE 6 — IMPAIRMENTS AND OTHER CHARGES
Impairments of Inventory and Long-Lived Assets
During the second quarter of 2022, our Completion Fluids & Products and Water & Flowback Services Divisions each recorded certain inventory and long-lived tangible asset impairments. Our Water & Flowback Services Division recorded impairments, including $1.3 million of equipment, $0.2 million of inventory, and $0.5 million for land and buildings. The Completion Fluids & Products Division also recorded a $0.2 million impairment related to obsolete inventory. The inventory and equipment for both divisions are no longer expected to be used and were written down to zero or scrap value. The fair value of land and buildings of $0.4 million was estimated based on recent sales price per square acre or square foot of comparable properties (a Level 3 fair value measurement in accordance with the fair value hierarchy).
During the fourth quarter of 2022, our Completion Fluids & Products and Water & Flowback Services Divisions recorded additional long-lived tangible asset impairments totaling $0.3 million and $0.1 million, respectively. The Completion Fluids & Products Division impairment relates to equipment that is no longer expected to be used and was written down to estimated scrap value. The long-lived tangible asset impairment recorded by the Water & Flowback Services Division in the fourth quarter of 2022 was a result of storm damage sustained to buildings in December 2022 and remediation work identified during the quarter. The fair value of land and buildings was adjusted to $0.2 million based on recent sales offers (a Level 3 fair value measurement in accordance with the fair value hierarchy).
During 2021, we recorded an impairment charge of $0.6 million primarily related to idle equipment in our Canada office within our Water & Flowback Services Division. During 2020, we recorded an impairment charge of $0.6 million primarily related to a right of use asset for the lease of our Canada office within our Water & Flowback Services Division as we ceased use of the office during the year.
NOTE 7 – INVENTORIES
Components of inventories, net of reserve, are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, |
| 2022 | | 2021 |
| (In Thousands) |
Finished goods | $ | 60,481 | | | $ | 59,925 | |
Raw materials | 3,734 | | | 2,827 | |
Parts and supplies | 6,432 | | | 4,713 | |
Work in progress | 1,466 | | | 1,633 | |
Total inventories | $ | 72,113 | | | $ | 69,098 | |
Finished goods inventories include newly manufactured CBFs as well as used brines that are repurchased from certain customers for recycling.
NOTE 8 — INVESTMENTS
Our investments as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, consist of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, |
| 2022 | | 2021 |
| (In Thousands) |
Investment in CSI Compressco | $ | 6,967 | | | $ | 6,233 | |
Investment in CarbonFree | 6,139 | | | 5,000 | |
Investment in Standard Lithium | 1,180 | | | — | |
Total investments | $ | 14,286 | | | $ | 11,233 | |
Following the closing of the GP Sale, we continue to own approximately 3.7% of the outstanding CSI Compressco common units (NASDAQ: CCLP) as of December 31, 2022.
In May 2021, we signed a memorandum of understanding (“MOU”) with CarbonFree, a carbon capture company with patented technologies that capture CO2 and mineralize emissions to make commercial, carbon-negative chemicals. Although the MOU expired in May 2022 at the end of its twelve-month term, we have an intellectual property joint development agreement in place with CarbonFree to evaluate potential new technologies. In December 2021, we invested $5.0 million in a convertible note issued by CarbonFree. Interest on the convertible note is capitalized into the convertible note annually in December. Our exposure to potential losses by CarbonFree is limited to our investment in the convertible note and associated interest.
We are party to agreements in which Standard Lithium has the right to explore, produce and extract lithium in our Arkansas leases as well as additional potential resources in the Mojave region of California. The Company receives cash and stock of Standard Lithium under the terms of the arrangements. The cash and stock component of consideration received is initially recorded as unearned income based on the quoted market price at the time the stock is received, then recognized in income over the contract term. During the fourth quarter of 2021, we sold 1.6 million shares of Standard Lithium shares we owned for approximately $17.6 million, before broker and transaction fees.
See Note 14 - “Fair Value Measurements” for further information.
NOTE 9 — LEASES
We have operating leases for some of our transportation equipment, office space, warehouse space, operating locations, and machinery and equipment. We have finance leases for certain facility storage tanks and equipment rentals. Our leases have remaining lease terms ranging from 1 to 12 years. Some of our leases have options to extend for various periods, while some have termination options with prior notice of generally 30 days or six months. The office space, warehouse space, operating location leases, and machinery and equipment leases generally require us to pay all maintenance and insurance costs.
Our corporate headquarters facility located in The Woodlands, Texas, was sold on December 31, 2012, pursuant to a sale and leaseback transaction. As a condition to the completion of the purchase and sale of the facility, the parties entered into a lease agreement for the facility having an initial lease term of 15 years, which is classified as an operating lease. Under the terms of the lease agreement, we have the ability to extend the lease for five successive five-year periods at base rental rates to be determined at the time of each extension.
Components of lease expense, included in either cost of revenues or general and administrative expense based on the use of the underlying asset, are as follows (inclusive of lease expense for leases not included on our consolidated balance sheet based on our accounting policy election to exclude leases with a term of 12 months or less):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Year Ended December 31, |
| 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
| (In Thousands) |
Operating lease expense | $ | 12,603 | | | $ | 12,905 | | | $ | 13,946 | |
Short-term lease expense | 39,890 | | | 22,055 | | | 17,125 | |
Finance lease cost: | | | | | |
Amortization of right-of-use assets | 177 | | | — | | | — | |
Interest on finance leases | 135 | | | — | | | — | |
Total lease expense | $ | 52,805 | | | $ | 34,960 | | | $ | 31,071 | |
For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, we recognized sublease income of $1.4 million, $1.0 million, and $1.0 million, respectively. Variable rent expense was not material. At December 31, 2022, future minimum rental receipts under non-cancelable subleases for office space in two of our locations totaled $3.7 million.
Supplemental cash flow information:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Year Ended December 31, |
| 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
| (In Thousands) |
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: | | | | | |
Operating cash flows - operating leases | $ | 12,889 | | | $ | 12,962 | | | $ | 13,612 | |
Operating cash flows - finance leases | $ | 135 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
Financing cash flows - finance leases | $ | 1,302 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
| | | | | |
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations: | | | | | |
Operating leases | $ | 5,524 | | | $ | 3,168 | | | $ | 5,612 | |
Finance leases | $ | 3,261 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
Supplemental balance sheet information:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 |
| (In Thousands) |
Operating leases: | | | |
Operating lease right-of-use assets | $ | 33,818 | | | $ | 36,973 | |
| | | |
Operating lease liabilities, current portion | 7,795 | | | 8,108 | |
Operating lease liabilities | 28,108 | | | 31,429 | |
Total operating lease liabilities | $ | 35,903 | | | $ | 39,537 | |
| | | |
Finance leases: | | | |
Finance lease right-of-use assets | $ | 2,834 | | | $ | — | |
| | | |
Finance lease liabilities, current portion | 1,332 | | | — | |
Finance lease liabilities | 464 | | | — | |
Total finance lease liabilities | $ | 1,796 | | | $ | — | |
Additional operating lease information:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 |
Weighted average remaining lease term: | | | |
Operating leases | 5.8 years | | 6.4 years |
Finance leases | 1.3 years | | 0.0 years |
| | | |
Weighted average discount rate: | | | |
Operating leases | 9.7 | % | | 9.7 | % |
Finance leases | 9.3 | % | | — | % |
Future minimum lease payments by year and in the aggregate, under non-cancelable operating and finance leases with terms in excess of one year consist of the following at December 31, 2022:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Operating Leases | | Finance Leases |
| | | | (In Thousands) |
2023 | | | | $ | 10,562 | | | $ | 1,435 | |
2024 | | | | 8,769 | | | 475 | |
2025 | | | | 6,908 | | | — | |
2026 | | | | 6,796 | | | — | |
2027 | | | | 6,199 | | | — | |
Thereafter | | | | 8,243 | | | — | |
Total lease payments | | | | 47,477 | | | 1,910 | |
Less imputed interest | | | | (11,574) | | | (114) | |
Total lease liabilities | | | | $ | 35,903 | | | $ | 1,796 | |
NOTE 10 — LONG-TERM DEBT AND OTHER BORROWINGS
Consolidated long-term debt consists of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | December 31, |
| | | 2022 | | 2021 |
| | | (In Thousands) |
TETRA | | Scheduled Maturity | | | |
Term credit agreement (2) | | September 10, 2025 | $ | 154,570 | | | $ | 151,869 | |
Asset-based credit agreement (1) | | May 31, 2025 | 1,885 | | | 67 | |
Swedish credit facility | | December 31, 2023 | 3 | | | — | |
TETRA total debt | | | 156,458 | | | 151,936 | |
Less current portion | | | (3) | | | — | |
Total long-term debt | | | $ | 156,455 | | | $ | 151,936 | |
(1) Net of deferred financing costs of $1.1 million and $1.5 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
(2) Net of unamortized discount of $3.4 million and $4.5 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and net of unamortized deferred financing costs of $5.1 million and $6.7 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Scheduled maturities for the next five years and thereafter are as follows, not considering annual prepayment offers required by our Term Credit Agreement described below:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2022 |
| | (In Thousands) |
2023 | | $ | — | |
2024 | | — | |
2025 | | 166,022 | |
2026 | | — | |
2027 | | — | |
Thereafter | | — | |
Total maturities | | $ | 166,022 | |
Term Credit Agreement
As of December 31, 2022 TETRA had $154.6 million outstanding, net of unamortized discounts and unamortized deferred financing costs under the Term Credit Agreement. Our Term Credit Agreement requires us to offer to prepay a percentage of Excess Cash Flow (as defined in the Term Credit Agreement) within five business days of filing our Annual Report. The minimum amount of $8.2 million that we would have been required to offer to prepay pursuant to this obligation for the year ending December 31, 2021 was paid on July 30, 2021 in connection with the amendment of our ABL Credit Agreement. We are not required to offer to prepay any amount based on our Excess Cash Flow for the year ended December 31, 2022.
Borrowings under the Term Credit Agreement bear interest at a rate per annum equal to, at the option of TETRA, either (i) LIBOR (subject to a 1% floor) plus a margin of 6.25% per annum or (ii) a base rate plus a margin of 5.25% per annum. As of December 31, 2022, the interest rate per annum on borrowings under the Term Credit Agreement is 10.32%. In addition to paying interest on the outstanding principal under the Term Credit Agreement, TETRA is required to pay a commitment fee in respect of the unutilized commitments at the rate of 1.0% per annum, paid quarterly in arrears based on utilization of the commitments under the Term Credit Agreement.
All obligations under the Term Credit Agreement and the guarantees of those obligations are secured, subject to certain exceptions, by a security interest for the benefit of the Term Lenders on substantially all of the personal property of TETRA and certain of its subsidiaries, the equity interests in certain domestic subsidiaries, and a maximum of 65% of the equity interests in certain foreign subsidiaries.
Asset-Based Credit Agreement
As of December 31, 2022, TETRA had $3.0 million outstanding and had $6.3 million in letters of credit against its asset-based lending agreement (“ABL Credit Agreement”). The ABL Credit Agreement provides for a senior secured revolving credit facility of up to $80 million, with a $20 million accordion. The credit facility is subject to a borrowing base to be determined by reference to the value of inventory and accounts receivable, and includes a sublimit of $20 million for letters of credit, a swingline loan sublimit of $11.5 million, and a $15 million sub-facility subject to a borrowing base consisting of certain trade receivables and inventory in the United Kingdom. The ABL Credit Agreement is subject to compliance with the covenants, borrowing base, and other provisions of the agreement that may limit borrowings. TETRA had availability of $71.6 million under this agreement as of December 31, 2022.
Borrowings under the ABL Credit Agreement bear interest at a rate per annum equal to, at the option of TETRA, either (i) LIBOR plus a margin based upon a fixed charge coverage ratio or (ii) a base rate plus a margin based on a fixed charge coverage ratio. The base rate is determined by reference to the highest of (a) the prime rate of interest as announced from time to time by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (b) the Federal Funds Effective Rate (as defined in the ABL Credit Agreement) plus 0.5% per annum and (c) LIBOR (adjusted to reflect any required bank reserves) for a one-month period on such day plus 1.0% per annum. Borrowings outstanding have an applicable margin ranging from 1.75% to 2.25% per annum for LIBOR-based loans and 0.75% to 1.25% per annum for base-rate loans, based upon the applicable fixed charge coverage ratio. As of December 31, 2022, the interest rate per annum on borrowings under the ABL Credit Agreement is 8.75%. In addition to paying interest on the outstanding principal under the ABL Credit Agreement, TETRA is required to pay a commitment fee in respect of the unutilized commitments at an applicable rate ranging from 0.375% to 0.5% per annum, paid monthly in arrears based on utilization of the commitments under the ABL Credit Agreement. TETRA is also required to pay a customary letter of credit fee equal to the applicable margin on LIBOR-based loans and fronting fees.
All obligations under the ABL Credit Agreement and the guarantees of those obligations are secured, subject to certain exceptions, by a security interest for the benefit of the ABL Lenders on substantially all of the personal property of TETRA and certain subsidiaries of TETRA, the equity interests in certain domestic subsidiaries, and a maximum of 65% of the equity interests in certain foreign subsidiaries.
Swedish Credit Facility
In January 2022, the Company entered into a revolving credit facility for seasonal working capital needs of subsidiaries in Sweden and Finland (“Swedish Credit Facility”). As of December 31, 2022, we had approximately $3 thousand outstanding and availability of approximately $4.8 million under the Swedish Credit Facility. During each year, all outstanding loans under the Swedish Credit Facility must be repaid for at least 30 consecutive days. Borrowings bear interest at a rate of 2.95% per annum. The Swedish Credit Facility expired on December 31, 2022 and has been renewed by the Company through December 31, 2023. The balance outstanding under the Swedish Credit Facility is included in accrued liabilities and other in our consolidated balance sheet.
Finland Credit Agreement
In January 2022, the Company also entered into an agreement guaranteed by certain accounts receivable and inventory in Finland (“Finland Credit Agreement”). As of December 31, 2022, we had $1.5 million of letters of credit outstanding against the Finland Credit Agreement. The Finland Credit Agreement expired on January 31, 2023 and has been renewed by the Company through January 31, 2024.
Our credit agreements contain certain affirmative and negative covenants, including covenants that restrict the ability to pay dividends or other restricted payments. As of December 31, 2022, we were in compliance with all covenants under the credit agreements.
NOTE 11 — COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Litigation
We are named defendants in several lawsuits and respondents in certain governmental proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. While the outcome of lawsuits or other proceedings against us cannot be predicted with certainty, management does not consider it reasonably possible that a loss resulting from such
lawsuits or other proceedings in excess of any amounts accrued has been incurred that is expected to have a material adverse impact on our financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity.
We have a Bromine Requirements Sales Agreement (“Sales Agreement”) to purchase a certain volume of elemental bromine from LANXESS Corporation (formerly Chemtura Corporation) (“LANXESS”), included in Product Purchase Obligations below. LANXESS notified us of a proposed non-ordinary course increase to the price of bromine, which we believe is not justified nor appropriate under the Sales Agreement. After lengthy discussions, we and LANXESS were unable to reach an agreement regarding the validity of the proposed price increase; therefore, we filed for arbitration in May 2022 seeking declaratory relief, among other relief, declaring that the proposed price increase is invalid. In September 2022, LANXESS filed a counterclaim with the American Arbitration Association seeking declaratory relief, among other relief, declaring that the proposed price increase was valid and seeking damages in the amount of the price increase from July 1, 2022 forward. In October 2022, we filed a reply to LANXESS’ counterclaim disputing the counterclaim and amending our original demand. The arbitration is currently pending, and no final hearing date has been set. Discussions with LANXESS regarding this arbitration are ongoing. We are unable to predict the duration, scope, or impact of this proceeding on our consolidated financial statements.
Product Purchase Obligations
In the normal course of our Completion Fluids & Products Division operations, we enter into supply agreements with certain manufacturers of various raw materials and finished products. Some of these agreements have terms and conditions that specify a minimum or maximum level of purchases over the term of the agreement. Other agreements require us to purchase the entire output of the raw material or finished product produced by the manufacturer. Our purchase obligations under these agreements apply only with regard to raw materials and finished products that meet specifications set forth in the agreements. We recognize a liability for the purchase of such products at the time we receive them. As of December 31, 2022, the aggregate amount of the fixed and determinable portion of the purchase obligation pursuant to our Completion Fluids & Products Division’s supply agreements was approximately $125.9 million, including on average $18.9 million per year from 2023 to 2027 and $31.2 million thereafter, extending through 2029. Amounts purchased under these agreements for each of the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, was $29.7 million, $23.2 million, and $17.3 million, respectively.
Contingencies of Discontinued Operations
In early 2018, we closed the Maritech Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement with Orinoco Natural Resources, LLC (“Orinoco”) that provided for the purchase by Orinoco of Maritech’s remaining oil and gas properties and related assets. Also in early 2018, we closed the Maritech Membership Interest Purchase and Sale Agreement with Orinoco that provided for the purchase by Orinoco of all of the outstanding membership interests in Maritech. As a result of these transactions, we have effectively exited the business of our former Maritech segment.
Under the Maritech Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement, Orinoco assumed all of Maritech’s decommissioning liabilities related to the leases sold to Orinoco (the “Orinoco Lease Liabilities”) and, under the Maritech Membership Interest Purchase and Sale Agreement, Orinoco assumed all other liabilities of Maritech, including the decommissioning liabilities associated with the oil and gas properties previously sold by Maritech (the “Legacy Liabilities”), subject to certain limited exceptions unrelated to the decommissioning liabilities. To the extent that Maritech or Orinoco fails to satisfy decommissioning liabilities associated with any of the Orinoco Lease Liabilities or the Legacy Liabilities, we may be required to satisfy such liabilities under third party indemnity agreements and corporate guarantees that we previously provided to the U.S. Department of the Interior and other parties, respectively.
Pursuant to a Bonding Agreement entered into as part of these transactions (the “Bonding Agreement”), Orinoco provided non-revocable performance bonds in an aggregate amount of $46.8 million to cover the performance by Orinoco and Maritech of the asset retirement obligations of Maritech (the “Initial Bonds”) and agreed to replace, within 90 days following the closing, the Initial Bonds with other non-revocable performance bonds, meeting certain requirements, in the aggregate sum of $47.0 million (collectively, the “Interim Replacement Bonds”). Orinoco further agreed to replace, within 180 days following the closing, the Interim Replacement Bonds with a maximum of three non-revocable performance bonds in the aggregate sum of $47.0 million, meeting certain requirements (the “Final Bonds” and, together with the Interim Replacement Bonds, the “Replacement Bonds”). Among the other requirements of the Final Bonds was that they must provide coverage for all of the asset retirement obligations of Maritech instead of only relating to specific properties. In the event Orinoco does not provide the Interim Replacement Bonds or the Final Bonds, Orinoco is required to make certain cash escrow payments to us.
The payment obligations of Orinoco under the Bonding Agreement were guaranteed by Thomas M. Clarke and Ana M. Clarke pursuant to a separate guaranty agreement (the “Clarke Bonding Guaranty Agreement”). Orinoco has not delivered the Replacement Bonds and neither it nor the Clarkes has made any of the agreed upon cash escrow payments and we filed a lawsuit against Orinoco and the Clarkes to enforce the terms of the Bonding Agreement and the Clarke Bonding Guaranty Agreement. A summary judgment was initially granted in favor of Orinoco and the Clarkes which dismissed our claims against Orinoco under the Bonding Agreement and against the Clarkes under the Clarke Bonding Guaranty Agreement. We filed an appeal and also asked the trial court to grant a new trial on the summary judgment or to modify the judgment because we believe this judgment should not have been granted. On November 5, 2019, the trial court signed an order granting our motion for new trial and vacating the prior order granting summary judgment for Orinoco and the Clarkes. The parties are awaiting direction from the court on a new scheduling order and/or trial setting. The Initial Bonds, which are non-revocable, remain in effect.
If we become liable in the future for any decommissioning liability associated with any property covered by either an Initial Bond or an Interim Replacement Bond while such bonds are outstanding and the payment made to us under such bond is not sufficient to satisfy such liability, the Bonding Agreement provides that Orinoco will pay us an amount equal to such deficiency and if Orinoco fails to pay any such amount, such amount must be paid by the Clarkes under the Clarke Bonding Guaranty Agreement. However, if the Final Bonds or the full amount of the escrowed cash have been provided, neither Orinoco nor the Clarkes would be liable to pay us for any such deficiency. Our financial condition and results of operations may be negatively affected if Orinoco is unable to cover any such deficiency or if we become liable for a significant portion of the decommissioning liabilities.
In early 2018, we also closed the sale of our Offshore Division to Epic Companies, LLC (“Epic Companies,” formerly known as Epic Offshore Specialty, LLC). Part of the consideration we received was a promissory note of Epic Companies in the original principal amount of $7.5 million (the “Epic Promissory Note”). At the end of August 2019, Epic Companies filed for bankruptcy and we recorded a reserve of $7.5 million for the full amount of the promissory note, including accrued interest, and certain other receivables in the amount of $1.5 million during the quarter ended September 30, 2019. The Epic Promissory Note became due on December 31, 2019 and neither Epic nor the Clarkes made payment. TETRA filed a lawsuit against the Clarkes on January 15, 2020 for breach of the promissory note guaranty agreement. In September 2020, the court granted TETRA’s Motion for Summary Judgment and entered Final Judgment in our favor, dismissing counterclaims by the Clarkes and awarded TETRA $7.9 million in damages. The Clarkes have filed an appeal of the Final Judgment, and the parties are awaiting a ruling from the court of appeals. Since obtaining the Final Judgment, TETRA has undertaken efforts to abstract the judgment in Texas, Utah, Nevada, Massachusetts, and Georgia. TETRA continues to work on identifying potential assets and/or engage with the Clarkes to resolve this dispute. We cannot provide any assurance the Clarkes will pay the judgment or that they will not file for bankruptcy protection. If the Clarkes do file for bankruptcy protection, we likely would be unable to collect all, or even a significant portion of, the judgment owed to us.
See Note 3 - “Discontinued Operations” for further discussion.
NOTE 12 — CAPITAL STOCK
Our Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended during 2017, authorizes us to issue 250,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $.01 per share, and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $.01 per share. As of December 31, 2022, we had 128,662,300 shares of common stock outstanding, with 3,138,675 shares held in treasury, and no shares of preferred stock outstanding. The voting, dividend, and liquidation rights of the holders of common stock are subject to the rights of the holders of preferred stock. The holders of common stock
are entitled to one vote for each share held. There is no cumulative voting. Dividends may be declared and paid on common stock as determined by our Board of Directors, subject to any preferential dividend rights of any then outstanding preferred stock.
A summary of the activity of our common shares outstanding and treasury shares held for the three-year period ending December 31, 2022, is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Common Shares Outstanding | | Year Ended December 31, |
| | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
At beginning of period | | 126,937,163 | | | 125,976,071 | | | 125,481,163 | |
Exercise of common stock options, net | | 80,409 | | | 10,929 | | | — | |
Grants of restricted stock, net (1) | | 1,644,728 | | | 950,163 | | | 494,908 | |
| | | | | | |
At end of period | | 128,662,300 | | | 126,937,163 | | | 125,976,071 | |
(1)Prior to 2019, we primarily granted restricted stock awards, which immediately impacted common shares outstanding. In contrast, during 2022, 2021 and 2020, we primarily granted restricted stock units which do not impact common shares outstanding until vesting. Vesting for restricted stock units began in 2020.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Treasury Shares Held | | Year Ended December 31, |
| | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
At beginning of period | | 3,138,675 | | | 2,953,976 | | | 2,823,191 | |
| | | | | | |
Shares received upon vesting of restricted stock, net | | — | | | 184,699 | | | 130,785 | |
At end of period | | 3,138,675 | | | 3,138,675 | | | 2,953,976 | |
Our Board of Directors is empowered, without approval of the stockholders, to cause shares of preferred stock to be issued in one or more series and to establish the number of shares to be included in each such series and the rights, powers, preferences, and limitations of each series. Because the Board of Directors has the power to establish the preferences and rights of each series, it may afford the holders of any series of preferred stock preferences, powers and rights, voting or otherwise, senior to the rights of holders of common stock. The issuance of the preferred stock could have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control of the Company.
Upon our dissolution or liquidation, whether voluntary or involuntary, holders of our common stock will be entitled to receive all of our assets available for distribution to our stockholders, subject to any preferential rights of any then outstanding preferred stock.
NOTE 13 — EQUITY-BASED COMPENSATION AND OTHER
Equity-Based Compensation
We have various equity incentive compensation plans that provide for the granting of restricted common stock, options for the purchase of our common stock, and other performance-based, equity-based compensation awards to our executive officers, key employees, nonexecutive officers, and directors. Stock options are exercisable for periods of up to ten years. Compensation cost for all share-based payments is based on the grant date fair value and is recognized in earnings over the requisite service period. Total equity-based compensation expense before tax attributed to equity incentive compensation plans for the three years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, was $4.5 million, $4.7 million, and $5.5 million, respectively, and is included in general and administrative expense. General and administrative expense for the year ended December 31, 2022 also includes $2.4 million for a portion of short-term incentive compensation that is expected to be settled in stock rather than cash during the first quarter of 2023.
Stock Incentive Plans
In May 2007, our stockholders approved the adoption of the TETRA Technologies, Inc. 2007 Equity Incentive Compensation Plan. In May 2008, our stockholders approved the adoption of the TETRA Technologies, Inc. Amended and Restated 2007 Equity Incentive Compensation Plan, which among other changes, resulted in an increase in the maximum number of shares authorized for issuance. In May 2010, our stockholders approved further amendments to the TETRA Technologies, Inc. Amended and Restated 2007 Equity Incentive Compensation Plan (renamed as the 2007 Long Term Incentive Compensation Plan) which, among other changes, resulted in an
additional increase in the maximum number of shares authorized for issuance. Pursuant to the 2007 Long Term Incentive Compensation Plan, we are authorized to grant up to 5,590,000 shares in the form of stock options (including incentive stock options and nonqualified stock options); restricted stock; bonus stock; stock appreciation rights; and performance awards to employees, and non-employee directors. As of February 2017, no further awards may be granted under the TETRA Technologies, Inc. Amended and Restated 2007 Equity Incentive Compensation Plan.
In May 2011, our stockholders approved the adoption of the TETRA Technologies, Inc. 2011 Long Term Incentive Compensation Plan. Pursuant to this plan, we were authorized to grant up to 2,200,000 shares in the form of stock options, restricted stock, bonus stock, stock appreciation rights, and performance awards to employees, and non-employee directors. On May 3, 2013, shareholders approved the TETRA Technologies, Inc. 2011 Long Term Incentive Compensation Plan that, among other things, increased the number of authorized shares to 5,600,000. On May 3, 2016, shareholders approved the TETRA Technologies, Inc. Third Amended and Restated 2011 Long Term Incentive Compensation Plan which, among other things, increased the number of authorized shares to 11,000,000. As of May 2018, no further awards may be granted under the TETRA Technologies, Inc. Third Amended and Restated 2011 Long Term Incentive Compensation Plan.
In February 2018, the board of directors adopted the 2018 Inducement Restricted Stock Plan (“2018 Inducement Plan”). The 2018 Inducement Plan provides for grants of restricted stock up to a plan maximum of 1,000,000 shares.
In May 2018, our stockholders approved the adoption of the TETRA Technologies, Inc. 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (“2018 Equity Plan”) and the TETRA Technologies, Inc. 2018 Non-Employee Director Equity Incentive Plan (“2018 Director Plan”). In May 2021, our stockholders approved the First Amended and Restated 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Amended 2018 Equity Plan”), which amended the 2018 Equity Plan and terminated the 2018 Director Plan. Pursuant to the Amended 2018 Equity Plan, we are authorized to grant up to 11,865,000 shares in the form of stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights, performance units, performance shares, other stock-based awards and cash-based awards to employees and non-employee directors.
Stock Options
We did not grant any stock options during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020. We have stock options outstanding for awards granted prior to 2020. The following is a summary of stock option activity for the year ended December 31, 2022:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Shares Under Option | | Weighted Average Option Price Per Share | | Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life | | Aggregate Intrinsic Value |
| | (In Thousands) | | | | | | (In Thousands) |
Outstanding at January 1, 2022 | | 2,984 | | | $ | 6.42 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Options canceled | | (61) | | | $ | 5.14 | | | | | |
Options exercised | | (80) | | | $ | 3.94 | | | | | |
Options expired | | (258) | | | $ | 6.75 | | | | | |
Outstanding at December 31, 2022 | | 2,585 | | | $ | 6.50 | | | 3.3 years | | $ | — | |
Expected to vest at December 31, 2022 | | 2,585 | | | $ | 6.50 | | | 3.3 years | | $ | — | |
Exercisable at December 31, 2022 | | 2,585 | | | $ | 6.50 | | | 3.3 years | | $ | — | |
Intrinsic value is the difference between the market value of our stock option multiplied by the number of stock options outstanding for those stock options where the market value exceeds their exercise price. The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the year ended December 31, 2022, was less than $0.1 million. There were 80,000, 11,000, and zero options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively. At December 31, 2022, total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock options is not significant.
Restricted Stock
Restricted stock awards and restricted stock units are periodically granted to key employees, including grants for employment inducements, as well as to members of our Board of Directors. These awards historically have provided for vesting periods of three years. Non-employee director grants vest in full before the first anniversary of the grant. Upon vesting of restricted stock awards, shares are issued to award recipients. Restricted stock units may be settled in cash or shares at vest, as determined by the Compensation Committee or the Non-Executive Award Committee, as applicable. The following is a summary of activity for our outstanding restricted stock for the year ended December 31, 2022:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Shares | | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share |
| | (In Thousands) | | |
Non-vested restricted stock outstanding at December 31, 2021 | | 3,591 | | | $ | 2.31 | |
Granted | | 1,876 | | | $ | 2.98 | |
Vested | | (2,373) | | | $ | 2.31 | |
Canceled/Forfeited | | (109) | | | $ | 2.42 | |
Non-vested restricted stock outstanding at December 31, 2022 | | 2,985 | | | $ | 2.73 | |
Total compensation cost recognized for restricted stock was $4.5 million, $4.6 million, and $5.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively. Total unrecognized compensation cost at December 31, 2022, related to restricted stock is approximately $5.5 million which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average remaining amortization period of 1.7 years. During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, the total fair value of shares vested was $5.5 million, $5.5 million, and $4.5 million, respectively.
During 2022, 2021, and 2020, we received zero, 184,699 and 130,785 shares, respectively, of our common stock related to the vesting of certain employee restricted stock. Such surrendered shares received by us are included in treasury stock. At December 31, 2022, net of options previously exercised pursuant to our various equity compensation plans, we have a maximum of 3,971,419 shares of common stock issuable pursuant to awards previously granted and outstanding and awards authorized to be granted in the future.
401(k) Plan
We have a 401(k) retirement plan (the “Plan”) that covers substantially all employees and entitles them to contribute up to 70% of their annual compensation, subject to maximum limitations imposed by the Internal Revenue Code. We match 50% of each employee’s contribution up to 8%. Participants will be 100% vested in employer match contributions after 3 years of service. In addition, we can make discretionary contributions which are allocable to participants in accordance with the Plan. During the fourth quarter of 2021, we reinstated the 401(k) matching for our employees which was suspended during 2020 due to the COVID pandemic and market conditions. Total expense related to our 401(k) plan was $2.3 million, $0.5 million, and $1.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively.
Deferred Compensation Plan
We provide our officers, directors, and certain key employees with the opportunity to participate in an unfunded, deferred compensation program. There were 13 participants in the program at December 31, 2022. Under the program, participants may defer up to 100% of their yearly total cash compensation. The amounts deferred remain our sole property, and we use a portion of the proceeds to purchase life insurance policies on the lives of certain of the participants. The insurance policies, which also remain our sole property, are payable to us upon the death of the insured. We separately contract with the participant to pay to the participant the amount of deferred compensation, as adjusted for gains or losses, invested in participant-selected investment funds. Participants may elect to receive deferrals and earnings at termination, death, or at a specified future date while still employed. Distributions while employed must be at least three years after the deferral election. The program is not qualified under Section 401 of the Internal Revenue Code. At December 31, 2022, the amounts payable under the plan approximated the value of the corresponding assets we owned.
NOTE 14 — FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
Fair value is defined as “the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date” within an entity’s principal market, if any. The principal market is the market in which the reporting entity would sell the asset or transfer the liability with the greatest volume and level of activity, regardless of whether it is the market in which the entity will ultimately transact for a particular asset or liability or if a different market is potentially more advantageous. Accordingly, this exit price concept may result in a fair value that may differ from the transaction price or market price of the asset or liability.
Under U.S. GAAP, the fair value hierarchy prioritizes inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. Fair value measurements should maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs, where possible. Observable inputs are developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity. Unobservable inputs may be needed to measure fair value in situations where there is little or no market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date and are developed based on the best information available in the circumstances, which could include the reporting entity’s own judgments about the assumptions market participants would utilize in pricing the asset or liability.
Financial Instruments
Investments
We retained an interest in CSI Compressco representing approximately 3.7% of the outstanding common units as of December 31, 2022. In December 2021, we invested $5.0 million in a convertible note issued by CarbonFree. The Company receives cash and stock of Standard Lithium under the terms of its arrangements.
Our investments in CSI Compressco and Standard Lithium are recorded in investments on our consolidated balance sheets based on the quoted market stock price (Level 1 fair value measurements). The stock component of consideration received from Standard Lithium is initially recorded as unearned income based on the quoted market price at the time the stock is received, then recognized in income over the contract term. Changes in the value of stock are recorded in other (income) expense, net in our consolidated statements of operations.
Our investment in CarbonFree is recorded in our consolidated financial statements based on an internal valuation with assistance from a third-party valuation specialist (a Level 3 fair value measurement). The valuation is impacted by key assumptions, including the assumed probability and timing of potential debt or equity offerings. The convertible note includes an option to convert the note into equity interests issued by CarbonFree. The change in the fair value of the embedded option is included in other (income) expense, net in our consolidated statements of operations. The change in the fair value of the convertible note, excluding the embedded option, is included in other comprehensive income (loss) in our consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
Derivative Contracts
We are exposed to financial and market risks that affect our businesses. We have concentrations of credit risk as a result of trade receivables owed to us primarily by companies in the energy industry. We have currency exchange rate risk exposure related to transactions denominated in foreign currencies as well as to investments in certain of our international operations. As a result of our variable rate debt facilities, we face market risk exposure related to changes in applicable interest rates. Our financial risk management activities may at times involve, among other measures, the use of derivative financial instruments, such as swap and collar agreements, to hedge the impact of market price risk exposures.
We entered into, and we may in the future enter into, short-term foreign currency forward derivative contracts with third parties as part of a program designed to mitigate the currency exchange rate risk exposure on selected transactions of certain foreign subsidiaries. Although contracts pursuant to this program will serve as an economic hedge of the cash flow of our currency exchange risk exposure, they are not formally designated as hedge contracts or qualify for hedge accounting treatment. Accordingly, any change in the fair value of these derivative instruments during a period will be included in the determination of earnings for that period. The fair values of foreign currency derivative instruments are based on quoted market values (a Level 2 fair value measurement). We did not have foreign currency derivative instruments outstanding as of December 31, 2022 or 2021. During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, we recognized $0.4 million, less than $0.1 million, and $0.2 million of net losses, respectively, reflected in other (income) expense, net, associated with our foreign currency derivative program.
A summary of significant recurring fair value measurements by valuation hierarchy as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Fair Value Measurements Using |
| | Total as of | | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets or Liabilities | | Significant Other Observable Inputs | | Significant Unobservable Inputs |
Description | | Dec 31, 2022 | | (Level 1) | | (Level 2) | | (Level 3) |
| | (In Thousands) |
Investment in CSI Compressco | | $ | 6,967 | | | 6,967 | | | — | | | — | |
Investment in CarbonFree | | 6,139 | | | — | | | — | | | 6,139 | |
Investment in Standard Lithium | | 1,180 | | | 1,180 | | | — | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 14,286 | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Fair Value Measurements Using |
| | Total as of | | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets or Liabilities | | Significant Other Observable Inputs | | Significant Unobservable Inputs |
Description | | Dec 31, 2021 | | (Level 1) | | (Level 2) | | (Level 3) |
| | (In Thousands) |
Investments in CSI Compressco | | $ | 6,233 | | | 6,233 | | | — | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
Investments in CarbonFree | | 5,000 | | | — | | | — | | | 5,000 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 11,233 | | | | | | | |
Other
The fair values of cash, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, short-term borrowings, and long-term debt pursuant to TETRA's Term Credit Agreement, ABL Credit Agreement and Swedish Credit Agreement approximate their carrying amounts.
NOTE 15 — INCOME TAXES
The income tax provision attributable to continuing operations for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, consists of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, |
| | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
| | (In Thousands) |
Current | | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
State | | $ | 130 | | | $ | 124 | | | $ | 191 | |
Foreign | | 2,898 | | | 2,031 | | | 1,598 | |
| | 3,028 | | | 2,155 | | | 1,789 | |
Deferred | | | | | | |
Federal | | — | | | — | | | (175) | |
State | | 30 | | | (4) | | | (125) | |
Foreign | | 507 | | | (67) | | | 269 | |
| | 537 | | | (71) | | | (31) | |
Total tax provision | | $ | 3,565 | | | $ | 2,084 | | | $ | 1,758 | |
A reconciliation of the provision (benefit) for income taxes attributable to continuing operations, computed by applying the federal statutory rate to income (loss) before income taxes and the reported income taxes, is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, |
| | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
| | (In Thousands) |
Income tax provision (benefit) computed at statutory federal income tax rates | | $ | 2,345 | | | $ | (3,091) | | | $ | (5,268) | |
State income taxes (net of federal benefit) | | 1,332 | | | (386) | | | (2,124) | |
Nondeductible expenses | | 1,270 | | | 710 | | | 303 | |
Impact of international operations | | 1,955 | | | (4,083) | | | 4,036 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Valuation allowance | | (2,980) | | | 9,055 | | | 4,598 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Other | | (357) | | | (121) | | | 213 | |
Total tax provision | | $ | 3,565 | | | $ | 2,084 | | | $ | 1,758 | |
Income (loss) before taxes and discontinued operations includes the following components:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, |
| | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
| | (In Thousands) |
Domestic | | $ | (1,002) | | | $ | (25,198) | | | $ | (25,929) | |
International | | 12,168 | | | 10,477 | | | 843 | |
Total | | $ | 11,166 | | | $ | (14,721) | | | $ | (25,086) | |
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of our gross unrecognized tax benefit is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, |
| | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
| | (In Thousands) |
Gross unrecognized tax benefits at beginning of period | | $ | — | | | $ | 17 | | | $ | 137 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Lapse in statute of limitations | | — | | | (17) | | | (120) | |
Gross unrecognized tax benefits at end of period | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 17 | |
We recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we recognized no interest and penalties. We recognized less than $0.1 million and $0.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, of interest and penalties. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, we had no unrecognized tax benefits. We do not expect a significant change to the unrecognized tax benefits during the next twelve months.
We file tax returns in the U.S. and in various state, local, and non-U.S. jurisdictions. The following table summarizes the earliest tax years that remain subject to examination by taxing authorities in any major jurisdiction in which we operate:
| | | | | |
| Earliest Open Tax Period |
United States – Federal | 2012 |
United States – State and Local | 2004 |
Non-United States Jurisdictions | 2011 |
We use the liability method for reporting income taxes, under which current and deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded in accordance with enacted tax laws and rates. Under this method, at the end of each period, the amounts of deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined using the tax rate expected to be in effect when the taxes are actually paid or recovered. We establish a valuation allowance to reduce the deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. We considered all available evidence, both positive and negative, in determining whether, based on the weight of that evidence, a
valuation allowance is needed for some portion or all of our deferred tax assets. In determining the need for a valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets we placed greater weight on recent and objectively verifiable current information, as compared to more forward-looking information that is used in valuating other assets on the balance sheet. While we have considered taxable income in prior carryback years, future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in assessing the need for the valuation allowance, there can be no guarantee that we will be able to realize our net deferred tax assets. Significant components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, |
| | 2022 | | 2021 |
| | (In Thousands) |
Net operating losses | | $ | 105,131 | | | $ | 114,597 | |
| | | | |
Accruals | | 20,604 | | | 16,500 | |
| | | | |
Depreciation and amortization for book in excess of tax expense | | 9,163 | | | 10,965 | |
| | | | |
All other | | 10,512 | | | 11,913 | |
Total deferred tax assets | | 145,410 | | | 153,975 | |
Valuation allowance | | (122,188) | | | (127,058) | |
Net deferred tax assets | | $ | 23,222 | | | $ | 26,917 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, |
| | 2022 | | 2021 |
| | (In Thousands) |
Right of use asset | | $ | 8,049 | | | $ | 7,071 | |
Depreciation and amortization for tax in excess of book expense | | 8,612 | | | 14,037 | |
Investment in Partnership | | 4,906 | | | 5,471 | |
All other | | 3,693 | | | 2,007 | |
Total deferred tax liabilities | | 25,260 | | | 28,586 | |
Net deferred tax liabilities | | $ | 2,038 | | | $ | 1,669 | |
We believe that it is more likely than not we will not realize all the tax benefits of the deferred tax assets within the allowable carryforward period. Therefore, an appropriate valuation allowance has been provided. The valuation allowance as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 primarily relates to federal deferred tax assets. The $4.9 million decrease in the valuation allowance during the year ended December 31, 2022 was primarily due to the decrease in deferred tax assets related to utilization of loss carryforwards.
At December 31, 2022, we had federal, state, and foreign net operating loss carryforwards/carrybacks equal to approximately $86.2 million, $11.1 million, and $7.8 million, respectively. In those countries and states in which net operating losses are subject to an expiration period, our loss carryforwards, if not utilized, will expire at various dates from 2023 through 2042. Utilization of the net operating loss and credit carryforwards may be subject to a significant annual limitation due to ownership changes that have occurred previously or could occur in the future provided by Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code.
NOTE 16 — NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE
The following is a reconciliation of the weighted average number of common shares outstanding with the number of shares used in the computations of net income (loss) per common and common equivalent share:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, |
| | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
| | (In Thousands) |
Number of weighted average common shares outstanding | | 128,082 | | | 126,602 | | | 125,838 | |
Assumed exercise of stock options | | 1,696 | | | — | | | — | |
Average diluted shares outstanding | | 129,778 | | | 126,602 | | | 125,838 | |
The average diluted shares outstanding excludes the impact of certain outstanding equity awards and warrants of 1.8 million and 21 thousand shares for the twelve-month periods ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, as the inclusion of these shares would have been anti-dilutive due to the net loss from continuing operations recorded during these periods.
NOTE 17 — INDUSTRY SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
We manage our operations through two divisions: Completion Fluids & Products Division and Water & Flowback Services Division. We generally evaluate the performance of and allocate resources to our segments based on profit or loss from their operations before income taxes and nonrecurring charges, return on investment, and other criteria. Transfers between segments and geographic areas are priced at the estimated fair value of the products or services as negotiated between the operating units. “Corporate overhead” includes corporate general and administrative expenses, corporate depreciation and amortization, interest income and expense, and other income and expense.
Summarized financial information concerning the business segments is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, |
| | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
| | (In Thousands) |
Revenues from external customers | | | | | | |
Product sales | | | | | | |
Completion Fluids & Products Division | | $ | 258,745 | | | $ | 211,201 | | | $ | 229,809 | |
Water & Flowback Services Division | | 1,253 | | | 4,028 | | | 2,912 | |
| | | | | | |
Consolidated | | $ | 259,998 | | | $ | 215,229 | | | $ | 232,721 | |
| | | | | | |
Services | | | | | | |
Completion Fluids & Products Division | | $ | 14,628 | | | $ | 8,447 | | | $ | 12,852 | |
Water & Flowback Services Division | | 278,587 | | | 164,596 | | | 132,142 | |
| | | | | | |
Consolidated | | $ | 293,215 | | | $ | 173,043 | | | $ | 144,994 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Total revenues | | | | | | |
Completion Fluids & Products Division | | $ | 273,373 | | | $ | 219,648 | | | $ | 242,661 | |
Water & Flowback Services Division | | 279,840 | | | 168,624 | | | 135,054 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Consolidated | | $ | 553,213 | | | $ | 388,272 | | | $ | 377,715 | |
| | | | | | |
Depreciation, amortization, and accretion | | | | | | |
Completion Fluids & Products | | $ | 7,455 | | | $ | 7,542 | | | $ | 7,581 | |
Water & Flowback Services | | 24,672 | | | 25,060 | | | 29,913 | |
Corporate | | 692 | | | 900 | | | 720 | |
Consolidated | | $ | 32,819 | | | $ | 33,502 | | | $ | 38,214 | |
| | | | | | |
Interest expense | | | | | | |
Completion Fluids & Products | | $ | 95 | | | $ | 44 | | | $ | 73 | |
Water & Flowback Services | | 144 | | | 7 | | | 4 | |
Corporate | | 16,584 | | | 16,506 | | | 19,249 | |
Consolidated interest expense | | 16,823 | | | 16,557 | | | 19,326 | |
Consolidated interest income | | (990) | | | (180) | | | (400) | |
Consolidated interest expense, net | | $ | 15,833 | | | $ | 16,377 | | | $ | 18,926 | |
| | | | | | |
Income (loss) before taxes and discontinued operations | | | | | | |
Completion Fluids & Products | | $ | 57,366 | | | $ | 54,981 | | | $ | 55,334 | |
Water & Flowback Services | | 15,732 | | | (11,116) | | | (21,850) | |
Interdivision eliminations | | 11 | | | 12 | | | 12 | |
Corporate(1) | | (61,943) | | | (58,598) | | | (58,582) | |
Consolidated | | $ | 11,166 | | | $ | (14,721) | | | $ | (25,086) | |
(1) Amounts reflected include the following general corporate expenses:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, |
| | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
| | (In Thousands) |
General and administrative expense | | $ | 45,077 | | | $ | 39,990 | | | $ | 36,201 | |
Depreciation, amortization, accretion, and impairments | | 692 | | | 1,032 | | | 818 | |
Interest expense, net | | 17,041 | | | 17,483 | | | 20,727 | |
| | | | | | |
Other general corporate (income) expense, net | | (867) | | | 93 | | | 836 | |
Total | | $ | 61,943 | | | $ | 58,598 | | | $ | 58,582 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, |
| | 2022 | | 2021 |
| | (In Thousands) |
Total assets | | | | |
Completion Fluids & Products | | $ | 221,167 | | | $ | 200,869 | |
Water & Flowback Services | | 178,759 | | | 146,110 | |
Corporate, other and eliminations | | 34,440 | | | 51,287 | |
| | | | |
Consolidated | | $ | 434,366 | | | $ | 398,266 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, |
| | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
| | (In Thousands) |
Capital expenditures | | | | | | |
Completion Fluids & Products | | $ | 9,426 | | | $ | 3,828 | | | $ | 4,016 | |
Water & Flowback Services | | 30,431 | | | 13,620 | | | 9,651 | |
Corporate | | 199 | | | 105 | | | 1,023 | |
Discontinued operations (1) | | — | | | 2,980 | | | 14,696 | |
Consolidated | | $ | 40,056 | | | $ | 20,533 | | | $ | 29,386 | |
(1) Amounts presented are net of cost of equipment sold, including zero during 2022, zero during 2021 and $12.7 million during 2020 for our former Compression Division.
Summarized financial information concerning the geographic areas of our customers and in which we operate at December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, is presented below:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, |
| | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
| | (In Thousands) |
Revenues from external customers | | | | | | |
United States | | $ | 391,964 | | | $ | 251,786 | | | $ | 225,835 | |
Europe | | 89,077 | | | 88,136 | | | 90,303 | |
South America | | 30,560 | | | 10,473 | | | 11,583 | |
Canada and Mexico | | 2,213 | | | 5,363 | | | 1,347 | |
Africa | | 2,826 | | | 2,262 | | | 8,128 | |
Middle East, Asia and other | | 36,573 | | | 30,252 | | | 40,519 | |
Total | | $ | 553,213 | | | $ | 388,272 | | | $ | 377,715 | |
Transfers between geographic areas: | | | | | | |
Europe | | 15 | | | 195 | | | 848 | |
Eliminations | | (15) | | | (195) | | | (848) | |
Total revenues | | $ | 553,213 | | | $ | 388,272 | | | $ | 377,715 | |
As of December 31, 2022, receivables from one customer represented more than 10% of our consolidated trade accounts receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts. During each of the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, no single customer accounted for more than 10% of our consolidated revenues.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, |
| | 2022 | | 2021 | |
| | (In Thousands) |
Identifiable assets | | | | | |
United States | | $ | 305,144 | | | $ | 291,986 | | |
Europe | | 71,075 | | | 72,685 | | |
South America | | 51,448 | | | 21,837 | | |
Canada and Mexico | | 1,355 | | | 5,891 | | |
Africa | | 199 | | | 199 | | |
Middle East, Asia and other | | 5,145 | | | 5,668 | | |
| | | | | |
Total identifiable assets | | $ | 434,366 | | | $ | 398,266 | | |
NOTE 18 — SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
The Company has evaluated subsequent events through the filing of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and determined that there have been no events that have occurred that would require adjustments to our disclosures in the consolidated financial statements except for the transaction described below.
Our Lake Charles facility incurred damage due to Hurricane Laura in 2020 for which we received partial insurance proceeds in 2020 and a $3.8 million voluntary settlement in February 2022. In February 2023, we reached a voluntary settlement of an additional $2.8 million with another party, which we expect to recognize as other income during the first half of 2023.