FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL MORTGAGE CORP (Form: 10-Q, Received: 08/09/2016 08:40:56)

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 9, 2016

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2016

Commission File Number 001-14951

____________________________________________________________

FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL MORTGAGE CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)



Federally chartered instrumentality of the United States		52-1578738
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. employer identification number)

1999 K Street, N.W., 4th Floor, Washington, D.C.		20006
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip code)

(202) 872-7700

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):



Large accelerated filer	o	Accelerated filer	x
Non-accelerated filer	o	Smaller reporting company	o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes o No x

As of August 1, 2016 , the registrant had outstanding 1,030,780 shares of Class A Voting Common Stock, 500,301 shares of Class B Voting Common Stock and 8,939,354 shares of Class C Non-Voting Common Stock.

Table of Contents



PART I - Financial Information		3
Item 1.	Consolidated Financial Statements	3
	Consolidated Balance Sheets	4
	Consolidated Statements of Operations	5
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	6
	Consolidated Statements of Equity	7
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	8
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	9
	1. Accounting Policies	9
	2. Investment Securities	17
	3. Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities	20
	4. Financial Derivatives	22
	5. Loans and Allowance for Losses	27
	6. Off-Balance Sheet Guarantees and Long-Term Standby Purchase Commitments	39
	7. Equity	40
	8. Fair Value Disclosures	41
	9. Business Segment Reporting	51
Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	55
	Forward-Looking Statements	55
	Overview	56
	Use of Non-GAAP Measures	59
	Results of Operations	61
	Outlook	78
	Balance Sheet Review	80
	Risk Management	82
	Liquidity and Capital Resources	100
	Regulatory Matters	102
	Other Matters	103
	Supplemental Information	104
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	109
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	109
PART II - Other Information		109
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	109
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	109
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	110
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	110
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	110
Item 5.	Other Information	110
Item 6.	Exhibits	111
Signatures		112

Table of Contents

PART I


Item 1.	Financial Statements

Table of Contents

FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL MORTGAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(unaudited)



	As of
	June 30, 2016			December 31, 2015
	(in thousands)
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,764,626		$	1,210,084
Investment securities:
Available-for-sale, at fair value	2,460,679			2,775,025
Trading, at fair value	281			491
Total investment securities	2,460,960			2,775,516
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
Available-for-sale, at fair value	4,731,031			4,152,605
Held-to-maturity, at amortized cost	1,388,724			1,274,016
Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	6,119,755			5,426,621
USDA Securities:
Available-for-sale, at fair value	1,967,759			1,888,344
Trading, at fair value	24,787			28,975
Total USDA Securities	1,992,546			1,917,319
Loans:
Loans held for investment, at amortized cost	3,277,522			3,258,413
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost	922,666			708,111
Allowance for loan losses	(4,893		)	(4,480		)
Total loans, net of allowance	4,195,295			3,962,044
Real estate owned, at lower of cost or fair value	1,330			1,369
Financial derivatives, at fair value	8,242			3,816
Interest receivable (includes $9,454 and $7,938, respectively, related to consolidated trusts)	106,400			112,700
Guarantee and commitment fees receivable	39,653			40,189
Deferred tax asset, net	30,659			42,916
Prepaid expenses and other assets	103,724			47,780
Total Assets	$	16,823,190		$	15,540,354

Liabilities and Equity:
Liabilities:
Notes payable:
Due within one year	$	10,125,269		$	9,111,461
Due after one year	4,722,814			4,967,036
Total notes payable	14,848,083			14,078,497
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties	928,050			713,536
Financial derivatives, at fair value	140,758			77,199
Accrued interest payable (includes $7,936 and $6,705, respectively, related to consolidated trusts)	47,906			47,621
Guarantee and commitment obligation	38,115			38,609
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	232,934			29,089
Reserve for losses	2,191			2,083
Total Liabilities	16,238,037			14,986,634
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 6)
Equity:
Preferred stock:
Series A, par value $25 per share, 2,400,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding	58,333			58,333
Series B, par value $25 per share, 3,000,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding	73,044			73,044
Series C, par value $25 per share, 3,000,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding	73,382			73,382
Common stock:
Class A Voting, $1 par value, no maximum authorization, 1,030,780 shares outstanding	1,031			1,031
Class B Voting, $1 par value, no maximum authorization, 500,301 shares outstanding	500			500
Class C Non-Voting, $1 par value, no maximum authorization, 8,928,855 shares and 9,155,661 shares outstanding, respectively	8,929			9,156
Additional paid-in capital	117,989			117,862
Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax	12,384			(11,019		)
Retained earnings	239,349			231,228
Total Stockholders' Equity	584,941			553,517
Non-controlling interest	212			203
Total Equity	585,153			553,720
Total Liabilities and Equity	$	16,823,190		$	15,540,354

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL MORTGAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(unaudited)



	For the Three Months Ended						For the Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2016			June 30, 2015			June 30, 2016			June 30, 2015
	(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Interest income:
Investments and cash equivalents	$	6,560		$	3,094		$	13,241		$	5,959
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities	37,299			34,484			72,809			67,606
Loans	33,377			28,814			65,077			56,778
Total interest income	77,236			66,392			151,127			130,343
Total interest expense	42,878			34,528			83,129			67,690
Net interest income	34,358			31,864			67,998			62,653
Provision for loan losses	(364		)	(110		)	(413		)	(186		)
Net interest income after provision for loan losses	33,994			31,754			67,585			62,467
Non-interest (loss)/income:
Guarantee and commitment fees	3,655			3,388			7,281			6,765
(Losses)/gains on financial derivatives and hedging activities	(4,696		)	14,389			(11,478		)	10,507
Gains on trading securities	394			170			752			532
(Losses)/gains on sale of available-for-sale investment securities	—			—			(9		)	6
Losses on sale of real estate owned	—			—			—			(1		)
Other income	413			260			514			873
Non-interest (loss)/income	(234		)	18,207			(2,940		)	18,682
Non-interest expense:
Compensation and employee benefits	5,611			5,733			11,385			11,426
General and administrative	3,757			3,374			7,283			6,197
Regulatory fees	612			600			1,225			1,200
Real estate owned operating costs, net	—			—			39			(1		)
Provision for reserve for losses	94			1,146			108			374
Non-interest expense	10,074			10,853			20,040			19,196
Income before income taxes	23,686			39,108			44,605			61,953
Income tax expense	8,400			13,769			15,735			18,000
Net income	15,286			25,339			28,870			43,953
Less: Net loss/(income) attributable to non-controlling interest	16			119			44			(5,235		)
Net income attributable to Farmer Mac	15,302			25,458			28,914			38,718
Preferred stock dividends	(3,296		)	(3,296		)	(6,591		)	(6,591		)
Loss on retirement of preferred stock	—			—			—			(8,147		)
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	12,006		$	22,162		$	22,323		$	23,980

Earnings per common share and dividends:
Basic earnings per common share	$	1.15		$	2.01		$	2.13		$	2.19
Diluted earnings per common share	$	1.13		$	1.94		$	2.07		$	2.11
Common stock dividends per common share	$	0.26		$	0.16		$	0.52		$	0.32

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL MORTGAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(unaudited)



	For the Three Months Ended						For the Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2016			June 30, 2015			June 30, 2016			June 30, 2015
	(in thousands)
Net income	$	15,286		$	25,339		$	28,870		$	43,953
Other comprehensive income/(loss) before taxes:
Net unrealized gains/(losses) on available-for sale securities	52,130			(41,851		)	45,753			16,586
Net changes in held-to-maturity securities	(997		)	(3,350		)	(2,008		)	(6,693		)
Net unrealized (losses)/gains on cash flow hedges	(2,976		)	1,430			(7,739		)	1,183
Other comprehensive income/(loss) before tax	48,157			(43,771		)	36,006			11,076
Income tax (expense)/benefit related to other comprehensive income	(16,856		)	15,320			(12,603		)	(3,876		)
Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax	31,301			(28,451		)	23,403			7,200
Comprehensive income/(loss)	46,587			(3,112		)	52,273			51,153
Less: comprehensive loss/(income) attributable to non-controlling interest	16			119			44			(5,235		)
Comprehensive income/(loss) attributable to Farmer Mac	$	46,603		$	(2,993	)	$	52,317		$	45,918

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL MORTGAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY

(unaudited)



												Accumulated
									Additional			Other
	Preferred Stock			Common Stock					Paid-In			Comprehensive			Retained			Non-controlling			Total
	Shares	Amount		Shares		Amount			Capital			Income/(Loss)			Earnings			Interest			Equity
	(in thousands)
Balance as of December 31, 2014	8,400	$	204,759	10,937		$	10,937		$	113,559		$	15,533		$	201,013		$	236,028		$	781,829
Net income/(loss):
Attributable to Farmer Mac	—	—		—		—			—			—			38,718			—			38,718
Attributable to non-controlling interest	—	—		—		—			—			—			—			(119		)	(119		)
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—	—		—		—			—			7,200			—			—			7,200
Cash dividends:
Preferred stock	—	—		—		—			—			—			(6,591		)	—			(6,591		)
Common stock	—	—		—		—			—			—			(3,516		)	—			(3,516		)
Issuance of Class C Common Stock	—	—		102		102			7			—			—			—			109
Stock-based compensation cost	—	—		—		—			1,644			—			—			—			1,644
Other stock-based award activity	—	—		—		—			888			—			—			—			888
Investment in subsidiary - non-controlling interest	—	—		—		—			—			—			—			131			131
Redemption of Farmer Mac II LLC preferred stock	—	—		—		—			—			—			(8,147		)	(235,853		)	(244,000		)
Balance as of June 30, 2015	8,400	$	204,759	11,039		$	11,039		$	116,098		$	22,733		$	221,477		$	187		$	576,293

Balance as of December 31, 2015	8,400	$	204,759	10,687		$	10,687		$	117,862		$	(11,019	)	$	231,228		$	203		$	553,720
Net income/(loss):
Attributable to Farmer Mac	—	—		—		—			—			—			28,914			—			28,914
Attributable to non-controlling interest	—	—		—		—			—			—			—			(44		)	(44		)
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—	—		—		—			—			23,403			—			—			23,403
Cash dividends:
Preferred stock	—	—		—		—			—			—			(6,591		)	—			(6,591		)
Common stock	—	—		—		—			—			—			(5,421		)	—			(5,421		)
Issuance of Class C Common Stock	—	—		80		80			6			—			—			—			86
Repurchase of Class C Common Stock	—	—		(307	)	(307		)	—			—			(8,781		)	—			(9,088		)
Stock-based compensation cost	—	—		—		—			1,788			—			—			—			1,788
Other stock-based award activity	—	—		—		—			(1,667		)	—			—			—			(1,667		)
Investment in subsidiary - non-controlling interest	—	—		—		—			—			—			—			53			53
Balance as of June 30, 2016	8,400	$	204,759	10,460		$	10,460		$	117,989		$	12,384		$	239,349		$	212		$	585,153

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL MORTGAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(unaudited)



	For the Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2016			June 30, 2015
	(in thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	28,870		$	43,953
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Net amortization of deferred gains, premiums, and discounts on loans, investments, Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, and USDA Securities	1,035			1,604
Amortization of debt premiums, discounts and issuance costs	16,143			5,870
Net change in fair value of trading securities, hedged assets, and financial derivatives	4,314			(15,619		)
Losses/(gains) on sale of available-for-sale investment securities	9			(6		)
Loss on sale of real estate owned	—			1
Total provision for losses	521			560
Deferred income taxes	(1,964		)	5,657
Stock-based compensation expense	1,788			1,644
Proceeds from repayment of trading investment securities	325			437
Proceeds from repayment of loans purchased as held for sale	37,460			54,728
Net change in:
Interest receivable	6,300			5,747
Guarantee and commitment fees receivable	536			1,615
Other assets	(54,970		)	9,182
Accrued interest payable	285			1,828
Other liabilities	(3,499		)	(3,838		)
Net cash provided by operating activities	37,153			113,363
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of available-for-sale investment securities	(341,099		)	(915,614		)
Purchases of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities	(1,506,177		)	(559,162		)
Purchases of loans held for investment	(459,315		)	(336,364		)
Purchases of defaulted loans	(1,415		)	(1,981		)
Proceeds from repayment of available-for-sale investment securities	624,402			914,988
Proceeds from repayment of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities	845,206			236,801
Proceeds from repayment of loans purchased as held for investment	199,357			143,804
Proceeds from sale of available-for-sale investment securities	186,769			74,998
Proceeds from sale of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	278,443			112,440
Payments from sale of real estate owned	—			(1		)
Net cash used in investing activities	(173,829		)	(330,091		)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of discount notes	48,914,061			38,965,462
Proceeds from issuance of medium-term notes	2,843,542			2,690,604
Payments to redeem discount notes	(48,963,471		)	(38,734,464		)
Payments to redeem medium-term notes	(2,040,800		)	(2,106,715		)
Excess tax benefits related to stock-based awards	253			154
Payments to third parties on debt securities of consolidated trusts	(41,259		)	(20,641		)
Proceeds from common stock issuance	137			1,488
Common stock repurchased	(9,286		)	—
Investment in subsidiary - non-controlling interest	53			131
Redemption of Farmer Mac II LLC Preferred Stock	—			(244,000		)
Dividends paid - Non-controlling interest - preferred stock	—			(5,415		)
Dividends paid on common and preferred stock	(12,012		)	(10,107		)
Net cash provided by financing activities	691,218			536,497
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	554,542			319,769
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	1,210,084			1,363,387
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	1,764,626		$	1,683,156

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL MORTGAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)


1.	SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The interim unaudited consolidated financial statements of the Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation ("Farmer Mac") and subsidiaries have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). These interim unaudited consolidated financial statements reflect all normal and recurring adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary to present a fair statement of the financial position and the results of operations and cash flows of Farmer Mac and subsidiaries for the interim periods presented. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the annual consolidated financial statements have been omitted as permitted by SEC rules and regulations. The December 31, 2015 consolidated balance sheet presented in this report has been derived from Farmer Mac's audited 2015 consolidated financial statements. Management believes that the disclosures are adequate to present fairly the consolidated financial statements as of the dates and for the periods presented. These interim unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the 2015 consolidated financial statements of Farmer Mac and subsidiaries included in Farmer Mac's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 filed with the SEC on March 10, 2016. That Form 10-K describes Farmer Mac's significant accounting policies, which include its policies on Principles of Consolidation; Cash and Cash Equivalents and Statements of Cash Flows; Transfers of Financial Assets and Liabilities; Investment Securities, Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, and USDA Securities; Loans; Securitization of Loans; Real Estate Owned; Financial Derivatives; Notes Payable; Allowance for Loan Losses and Reserve for Losses; Earnings Per Common Share; Income Taxes; Stock-Based Compensation; Comprehensive Income; Long-Term Standby Purchase Commitments; Fair Value Measurement; and Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities ("VIEs"). Results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of those that may be expected for the fiscal year. Presented below are Farmer Mac's significant accounting policies that contain updated information for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 .

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Farmer Mac and its three subsidiaries: (1) Farmer Mac Mortgage Securities Corporation ("FMMSC"), whose principal activities are to facilitate the purchase and issuance of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities; (2) Farmer Mac II LLC, whose principal activity is the operation of substantially all of the business related to the USDA Guarantees line of business – primarily the acquisition of USDA Securities; and (3) Contour Valuation Services, LLC (which began doing business as AgVisory during first quarter 2016), whose principal activity is to appraise agricultural real estate. The consolidated financial statements also include the accounts of VIEs in which Farmer Mac determined itself to be the primary beneficiary.

Table of Contents

The following tables present, by line of business, details about the consolidation of VIEs:

Table 1.1



	Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities
	As of June 30, 2016
	Farm & Ranch		USDA Guarantees		Rural Utilities		Institutional Credit		Corporate		Total
	(in thousands)
On-Balance Sheet:
Consolidated VIEs:
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost	$	922,666	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	922,666
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties ⁽¹⁾	928,050		—		—		—		—		928,050
Unconsolidated VIEs:
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
Carrying value ⁽²⁾	—		33,447		—		30,962		—		64,409
Maximum exposure to loss ⁽³⁾	—		32,886		—		30,000		—		62,886
Investment securities:
Carrying value ⁽⁴⁾	—		—		—		—		812,501		812,501
Maximum exposure to loss ^{(3) (4)}	—		—		—		—		813,063		813,063
Off-Balance Sheet:
Unconsolidated VIEs:
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
Maximum exposure to loss ^{(3) (5)}	466,479		30,962		—		970,000		—		1,467,441


⁽¹⁾	Includes borrower remittances of $5.4 million . The borrower remittances have not been passed through to third party investors as of June 30, 2016 .


⁽²⁾	Includes $0.6 million of unamortized premiums and discounts and fair value adjustments related to the USDA Guarantees line of business. Includes fair value adjustments related to the Institutional Credit line of business of $1.0 million .


⁽³⁾	Farmer Mac uses unpaid principal balance and outstanding face amount of investment securities to represent maximum exposure to loss.


⁽⁴⁾	Includes auction-rate certificates, asset-backed securities, and government-sponsored enterprise ("GSE")-guaranteed mortgage-backed securities.


⁽⁵⁾	The amount under the Farm & Ranch line of business relates to unconsolidated trusts where Farmer Mac determined it was not the primary beneficiary due to shared power with an unrelated party .

Table of Contents



	Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities
	As of December 31, 2015
	Farm & Ranch		USDA Guarantees		Rural Utilities		Institutional Credit		Corporate		Total
	(in thousands)
On-Balance Sheet:
Consolidated VIEs:
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost	$	708,111	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	708,111
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties ⁽¹⁾	713,536		—		—		—		—		713,536
Unconsolidated VIEs:
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
Carrying value ⁽²⁾	—		31,360		—		31,400		—		62,760
Maximum exposure to loss ⁽³⁾	—		31,553		—		30,000		—		61,553
Investment securities:
Carrying value ⁽⁴⁾	—		—		—		—		917,292		917,292
Maximum exposure to loss ^{(3) (4)}	—		—		—		—		918,121		918,121
Off-Balance Sheet:
Unconsolidated VIEs:
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
Maximum exposure to loss ^{(3) (5)}	514,051		10,272		—		970,000		—		1,494,323


⁽¹⁾	Includes borrower remittances of $5.4 million , which have not been passed through to third party investors as of December 31, 2015.


⁽²⁾	Includes $0.2 million of unamortized premiums and discounts and fair value adjustments related to the USDA Guarantees line of business. Includes fair value adjustments related to the Institutional Credit line of business of $1.4 million .


⁽³⁾	Farmer Mac uses unpaid principal balance and the outstanding face amount of investment securities to represent maximum exposure to loss.


⁽⁴⁾	Includes auction-rate certificates, asset-backed securities, and GSE-guaranteed mortgage-backed securities.


⁽⁵⁾	The amount under the Farm & Ranch line of business relates to unconsolidated trusts where Farmer Mac determined it was not the primary beneficiary due to shared power with an unrelated party.


(a)	Statements of Cash Flows

The following table sets forth information regarding certain non-cash transactions for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 :

Table 1.2



	For the Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2016		June 30, 2015
	(in thousands)
Non-cash activity:
Loans acquired and securitized as Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	$	278,443	$	112,440
Consolidation of Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities from off-balance sheet to loans held for investment in consolidated trusts and to debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties	255,781		112,440
Purchases of securities - traded, not yet settled	224,990		236,600
Issuance costs on the retirement of Farmer Mac II LLC Preferred Stock	—		8,147

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(b)	Earnings Per Common Share

Basic earnings per common share ("EPS") is based on the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted earnings per common share is based on the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding adjusted to include all potentially dilutive common stock options, stock appreciation rights ("SARs"), and non-vested restricted stock awards. The following schedule reconciles basic and diluted EPS for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 :

Table 1.3



	For the Three Months Ended
	June 30, 2016						June 30, 2015
	Net Income		Weighted-Average Shares	$ per Share			Net Income		Weighted-Average Shares	$ per Share
	(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Basic EPS
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	12,006	10,456	$	1.15		$	22,162	11,010	$	2.01
Effect of dilutive securities ⁽¹⁾
Stock options, SARs and restricted stock	—		158	(0.02		)	—		428	(0.07		)
Diluted EPS	$	12,006	10,614	$	1.13		$	22,162	11,438	$	1.94

⁽¹⁾

For the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, stock options and SARs of 82,052 and 229,693 , respectively, were outstanding but not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share of common stock because they were anti-dilutive. For the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, contingent shares of non-vested restricted stock of 37,284 and 45,034 , respectively, were outstanding but not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share of common stock because performance conditions had not yet been met.



	For the Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2016						June 30, 2015
	Net Income		Weighted-Average Shares	$ per Share			Net Income		Weighted-Average Shares	$ per Share
	(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Basic EPS
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	22,323	10,460	$	2.13		$	23,980	10,974	$	2.19
Effect of dilutive securities(1)
Stock options, SARs and restricted stock	—		348	(0.06		)	—		411	(0.08		)
Diluted EPS	$	22,323	10,808	$	2.07		$	23,980	11,385	$	2.11

⁽¹⁾

For the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, stock options and SARs of 146,459 and 215,547 , respectively, were outstanding but not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share of common stock because they were anti-dilutive. For the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, contingent shares of non-vested restricted stock of 37,284 and 37,774 , respectively, were outstanding but not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share of common stock because performance conditions had not yet been met.


(c)	Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income represents all changes in stockholders' equity except those resulting from investments by or distributions to stockholders, and is comprised of net income and unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities, certain held-to-maturity securities transferred from the available-for-sale classification, and cash flow hedges, net of related taxes.

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The following table presents the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI"), net of tax, by component for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 :

Table 1.4



	As of June 30, 2016												As of June 30, 2015
	Available-for-Sale Securities			Held-to-Maturity Securities			Cash Flow Hedges			Total			Available-for-Sale Securities			Held-to-Maturity Securities			Cash Flow Hedges			Total
	(in thousands)
For the Three Months Ended:
Beginning Balance	$	(14,180	)	$	(1,133	)	$	(3,604	)	$	(18,917	)	$	47,700		$	3,800		$	(316	)	$	51,184
Other comprehensive income/(loss) before reclassifications	36,469			—			(2,267		)	34,202			(23,936		)	—			772			(23,164		)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	(2,585		)	(648		)	332			(2,901		)	(3,266		)	(2,178		)	157			(5,287		)
Net other comprehensive income/(loss)	33,884			(648		)	(1,935		)	31,301			(27,202		)	(2,178		)	929			(28,451		)
Ending Balance	$	19,704		$	(1,781	)	$	(5,539	)	$	12,384		$	20,498		$	1,622		$	613		$	22,733

For the Six Months Ended
Beginning Balance	$	(10,035	)	$	(476	)	$	(508	)	$	(11,019	)	$	9,716		$	5,973		$	(156	)	$	15,533
Other comprehensive income/(loss) before reclassifications	34,700			—			(5,662		)	29,038			17,407			—			533			17,940
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	(4,961		)	(1,305		)	631			(5,635		)	(6,625		)	(4,351		)	236			(10,740		)
Net other comprehensive income/(loss)	29,739			(1,305		)	(5,031		)	23,403			10,782			(4,351		)	769			7,200
Ending Balance	$	19,704		$	(1,781	)	$	(5,539	)	$	12,384		$	20,498		$	1,622		$	613		$	22,733

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The following table presents other comprehensive income activity, the impact on net income of amounts reclassified from each component of AOCI, and the related tax impact for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 :

Table 1.5



	For the Three Months Ended
	June 30, 2016									June 30, 2015
	Before Tax			Provision (Benefit)			After Tax			Before Tax			Provision (Benefit)			After Tax
	(in thousands)
Other comprehensive income/(loss):
Available-for-sale-securities:
Unrealized holding gains/(losses) on available-for-sale-securities	$	56,107		$	19,638		$	36,469		$	(36,826	)	$	(12,890	)	$	(23,936	)
Less reclassification adjustments included in:
(Losses)/gains on financial derivatives and hedging activities ⁽¹⁾	(4,016		)	(1,405		)	(2,611		)	(4,952		)	(1,733		)	(3,219		)
Other income ⁽²⁾	39			13			26			(73		)	(26		)	(47		)
Total	$	52,130		$	18,246		$	33,884		$	(41,851	)	$	(14,649	)	$	(27,202	)
Held-to-maturity securities:
Less reclassification adjustments included in:
Net interest income ⁽³⁾	$	(997	)	$	(349	)	$	(648	)	$	(3,350	)	$	(1,172	)	$	(2,178	)
Total	$	(997	)	$	(349	)	$	(648	)	$	(3,350	)	$	(1,172	)	$	(2,178	)
Cash flow hedges
Unrealized (losses)/gains on cash flow hedges	$	(3,488	)	$	(1,221	)	$	(2,267	)	$	1,186		$	414		$	772
Less reclassification adjustments included in:
Net interest income ⁽⁴⁾	512			180			332			244			87			157
Total	$	(2,976	)	$	(1,041	)	$	(1,935	)	$	1,430		$	501		$	929
Other comprehensive income/(loss)	$	48,157		$	16,856		$	31,301		$	(43,771	)	$	(15,320	)	$	(28,451	)


⁽¹⁾	Relates to the amortization of unrealized gains on hedged items prior to the application of fair value hedge accounting.


⁽²⁾	Represents amortization of deferred gains related to certain available-for-sale USDA Securities and Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities.

⁽³⁾

Relates to the amortization of unrealized gains or losses prior to the reclassification of these securities from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity. The amortization of unrealized gains or losses reported in AOCI for held-to-maturity securities will be offset by the amortization of the premium or discount created from the transfer into held-to-maturity securities, which occurred at fair value. These unrealized gains or losses will be recorded over the remaining life of the security with no impact on future net income.


⁽⁴⁾	Relates to the recognition of unrealized gains and losses on cash flow hedges recorded in AOCI.

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	For the Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2016									June 30, 2015
	Before Tax			Provision (Benefit)			After Tax			Before Tax			Provision (Benefit)			After Tax
	(in thousands)
Other comprehensive income:
Available-for-sale-securities:
Unrealized holding gains on available-for-sale-securities	$	53,385		$	18,685		$	34,700		$	26,778		$	9,371		$	17,407
Less reclassification adjustments included in:
(Losses)/gains on financial derivatives and hedging activities ⁽¹⁾	(7,939		)	(2,778		)	(5,161		)	(9,813		)	(3,434		)	(6,379		)
(Losses)/gains on sale of available-for-sale investment securities ⁽²⁾	9			3			6			(6		)	(2		)	(4		)
Other income ⁽³⁾	298			104			194			(373		)	(131		)	(242		)
Total	$	45,753		$	16,014		$	29,739		$	16,586		$	5,804		$	10,782
Held-to-maturity securities:
Net interest income ⁽⁴⁾	$	(2,008	)	$	(703	)	$	(1,305	)	$	(6,693	)	$	(2,342	)	$	(4,351	)
Total	$	(2,008	)	$	(703	)	$	(1,305	)	$	(6,693	)	$	(2,342	)	$	(4,351	)
Cash flow hedges
Unrealized (losses)/gains on cash flow hedges	$	(8,710	)	$	(3,048	)	$	(5,662	)	$	820		$	287		$	533
Less reclassification adjustments included in:
Net interest income ⁽⁵⁾	971			340			631			363			127			236
Total	$	(7,739	)	$	(2,708	)	$	(5,031	)	$	1,183		$	414		$	769
Other comprehensive income	$	36,006		$	12,603		$	23,403		$	11,076		$	3,876		$	7,200


⁽¹⁾	Relates to the amortization of unrealized gains on hedged items prior to the application of fair value hedge accounting.


⁽²⁾	Represents unrealized gains and losses on sales of available-for-sale investment securities.


⁽³⁾	Represents amortization of deferred gains related to certain available-for-sale USDA Securities and Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities.

⁽⁴⁾


⁽⁵⁾	Relates to the recognition of unrealized gains and losses on cash flow hedges recorded in AOCI.

(d) New Accounting Standards

In January 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-01, "Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities," which amends the guidance in GAAP on the classification and measurement of financial instruments. The ASU significantly revises an entity's accounting related to (1) the classification and measurement of investments in equity securities and (2) the presentation of certain fair value changes for financial liabilities measured at fair value. The ASU also amends certain disclosure requirements associated with the fair value of financial instruments. The new standard is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017. Farmer Mac does not expect that adoption of the new guidance will have a material effect on Farmer Mac’s financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases," which provides new guidance intended to improve financial reporting about leasing transactions. The ASU will require organizations that lease assets to recognize on the balance sheet the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by those leases. The ASU also will require disclosures to help investors and other financial statement users better understand the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The new standard is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. Farmer Mac does not expect that adoption of the new guidance will have a material effect on Farmer Mac’s financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

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In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, “ Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting,” which provides new guidance intended to simplify several aspects of accounting for employee share-based payment transactions including the accounting for income taxes, forfeitures, and statutory tax withholding requirements, as well as classification in the statement of cash flows. The new standard is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016. Farmer Mac does not expect that adoption of the new guidance will have a material effect on Farmer Mac’s financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, " Financial Instruments—Credit Losses," which will require entities to measure all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Entities will be required to use forward-looking information to better form their credit loss estimates. The ASU will also require enhanced disclosures to help users of financial statements better understand significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as the credit quality and underwriting standards of an entity’s portfolio. The new standard is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early application will be permitted for all entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. Farmer Mac is currently evaluating the impact of adopting the new guidance on its consolidated financial statements.


(e)	Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications of prior period information were made to conform to the current period presentation.

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2.	INVESTMENT SECURITIES

The following tables set forth information about Farmer Mac's investment securities as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

Table 2.1



	As of June 30, 2016
	Amount Outstanding		Unamortized Premium/(Discount)			Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
	(in thousands)
Available-for-sale:
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	$	19,700	$	—		$	19,700	$	—	$	(1,970	)	$	17,730
Floating rate asset-backed securities	61,070		(228		)	60,842		4		(847		)	59,999
Floating rate corporate debt securities	10,000		—			10,000		2		—			10,002
Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	1,261,876		3,095			1,264,971		2,600		(3,254		)	1,264,317
Fixed rate GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities ⁽¹⁾	613		2,808			3,421		4,344		—			7,765
Floating rate GSE subordinated debt	70,000		—			70,000		—		(4,896		)	65,104
Fixed rate senior agency debt	175,000		(11		)	174,989		9		—			174,998
Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries	860,150		(393		)	859,757		1,007		—			860,764
Total available-for-sale	2,458,409		5,271			2,463,680		7,966		(10,967		)	2,460,679
Trading:
Floating rate asset-backed securities	1,887		—			1,887		—		(1,606		)	281
Total investment securities	$	2,460,296	$	5,271		$	2,465,567	$	7,966	$	(12,573	)	$	2,460,960


⁽¹⁾	Fair value includes $7.1 million of an interest-only security with a notional amount of $147.3 million .



	As of December 31, 2015
	Amount Outstanding		Unamortized Premium/(Discount)			Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
	(in thousands)
Available-for-sale:
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	$	46,500	$	—		$	46,500	$	—	$	(1,576	)	$	44,924
Floating rate asset-backed securities	74,744		(253		)	74,491		14		(776		)	73,729
Floating rate corporate debt securities	10,000		—			10,000		—		(9		)	9,991
Fixed rate corporate debt securities	10,000		(1		)	9,999		—		(5		)	9,994
Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	1,353,495		3,515			1,357,010		2,768		(4,319		)	1,355,459
Fixed rate GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities ⁽¹⁾	692		3,117			3,809		4,095		—			7,904
Floating rate GSE subordinated debt	70,000		—			70,000		—		(3,751		)	66,249
Fixed rate senior agency debt	214,000		(25		)	213,975		12		—			213,987
Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries	993,680		(417		)	993,263		2		(477		)	992,788
Total available-for-sale	2,773,111		5,936			2,779,047		6,891		(10,913		)	2,775,025
Trading:
Floating rate asset-backed securities	2,211		—			2,211		—		(1,720		)	491
Total investment securities	$	2,775,322	$	5,936		$	2,781,258	$	6,891	$	(12,633	)	$	2,775,516


⁽¹⁾	Fair value includes $7.2 million of an interest-only security with a notional amount of $148.5 million .

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Farmer Mac did not sell any securities from its available-for-sale investment portfolio during the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015. During the six months ended June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac received proceeds of $186.8 million from the sale of securities from its available-for-sale investment portfolio, resulting in gross realized gains of $0.1 million and gross realized losses of $0.1 million , compared to proceeds of $75.0 million for the same period in 2015, resulting in gross realized gains of 6,000 .

As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, unrealized losses on available-for-sale investment securities were as follows:

Table 2.2



	As of June 30, 2016
	Available-for-Sale Securities
	Unrealized loss position for less than 12 months					Unrealized loss position for more than 12 months
	Fair Value		Unrealized Loss			Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
	(in thousands)
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	$	—	$	—		$	17,730	$	(1,970	)
Floating rate asset-backed securities	40,217		(494		)	9,061		(353		)
Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	473,462		(2,397		)	135,301		(857		)
Floating rate GSE subordinated debt	—		—			65,104		(4,896		)
Total	$	513,679	$	(2,891	)	$	227,196	$	(8,076	)



	As of December 31, 2015
	Available-for-Sale Securities
	Unrealized loss position for less than 12 months					Unrealized loss position for more than 12 months
	Fair Value		Unrealized Loss			Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
	(in thousands)
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	$	—	$	—		$	18,124	$	(1,576	)
Floating rate asset-backed securities	44,552		(464		)	9,975		(312		)
Floating rate corporate debt securities	4,991		(9		)	—		—
Fixed rate corporate debt securities	9,994		(5		)	—		—
Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	794,959		(3,408		)	100,192		(911		)
Floating rate GSE subordinated debt	—		—			66,249		(3,751		)
Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries	944,842		(477		)	—		—
Total	$	1,799,338	$	(4,363	)	$	194,540	$	(6,550	)

The unrealized losses presented above are principally due to a general widening of credit spreads from the dates of acquisition to June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, as applicable. The resulting decrease in fair values reflects an increase in the perceived risk by the financial markets related to those securities. As of June 30, 2016 , all of the investment securities in an unrealized loss position either were backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government or had credit ratings of at least "AA+," except one that was rated "A-." As of December 31, 2015 , all of the investment securities in an unrealized loss position either were backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government or had credit ratings of at least " AA+ ," except

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three that were rated " A- ." The unrealized losses were on 56 and 69 individual investment securities as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

As of June 30, 2016 , 17 of the securities in loss positions had been in loss positions for more than 12 months and had a total unrealized loss of $8.1 million . As of December 31, 2015 , 17 of the securities in loss positions had been in loss positions for more than 12 months and had a total unrealized loss of $6.6 million . Securities in unrealized loss positions for 12 months or longer have a fair value as of June 30, 2016 that is, on average, approximately 97 percent of their amortized cost basis. Farmer Mac believes that all of these unrealized losses are recoverable within a reasonable period of time by way of maturity or changes in credit spreads. Accordingly, Farmer Mac has concluded that none of the unrealized losses on these available-for-sale investment securities represents other-than-temporary impairment as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

Farmer Mac did not own any held-to-maturity investment securities as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015. As of June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac owned trading investment securities with an amortized cost of $1.9 million , a fair value of $0.3 million , and a weighted average yield of 4.53 percent . As of December 31, 2015 , Farmer Mac owned trading investment securities with an amortized cost of $2.2 million , a fair value of $0.5 million , and a weighted average yield of 4.41 percent .

The amortized cost, fair value, and weighted average yield of available-for-sale investment securities by remaining contractual maturity as of June 30, 2016 are set forth below. Asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities are included based on their final maturities, although the actual maturities may differ due to prepayments of the underlying assets.

Table 2.3



	As of June 30, 2016
	Available-for-Sale Securities
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Weighted- Average Yield
	(dollars in thousands)
Due within one year	$	1,039,762	$	1,040,780	0.57%
Due after one year through five years	151,635		151,911		1.19%
Due after five years through ten years	512,451		511,166		1.03%
Due after ten years	759,832		756,822		1.10%
Total	$	2,463,680	$	2,460,679	0.89%

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3.	FARMER MAC GUARANTEED SECURITIES AND USDA SECURITIES

The following tables set forth information about on-balance sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

Table 3.1



	As of June 30, 2016
	Unpaid Principal Balance		Unamortized Premium/(Discount)			Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
	(in thousands)
Held-to-maturity:
AgVantage	$	1,391,203	$	(2,479	)	$	1,388,724	$	15,468	$	(143	)	$	1,404,049
Available-for-sale:
AgVantage	$	4,715,099	$	—		$	4,715,099	$	54,623	$	(72,138	)	$	4,697,584
Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	32,886		(301		)	32,585		862		—			33,447
Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	4,747,985		(301		)	4,747,684		55,485		(72,138		)	4,731,031
USDA Securities	1,873,805		1,867			1,875,672		92,104		(17		)	1,967,759
Total available-for-sale	$	6,621,790	$	1,566		$	6,623,356	$	147,589	$	(72,155	)	$	6,698,790
Trading:
USDA Securities	$	22,705	$	1,533		$	24,238	$	601	$	(52	)	$	24,787



	As of December 31, 2015
	Unpaid Principal Balance		Unamortized Premium/(Discount)			Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
	(in thousands)
Held-to-maturity:
AgVantage	$	1,274,431	$	(415	)	$	1,274,016	$	7,801	$	—		$	1,281,817
Available-for-sale:
AgVantage	$	4,164,952	$	—		$	4,164,952	$	26,831	$	(70,539	)	$	4,121,244
Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	31,554		(333		)	31,221		140		—			31,361
Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	4,196,506		(333		)	4,196,173		26,971		(70,539		)	4,152,605
USDA Securities	1,849,322		1,890			1,851,212		37,160		(28		)	1,888,344
Total available-for-sale	$	6,045,828	$	1,557		$	6,047,385	$	64,131	$	(70,567	)	$	6,040,949
Trading:
USDA Securities	$	27,129	$	1,934		$	29,063	$	125	$	(213	)	$	28,975

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As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, unrealized losses on held-to-maturity and available-for-sale on-balance sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities were as follows:

Table 3.2



	As of June 30, 2016
	Held-to-Maturity and Available-for-Sale Securities
	Unrealized loss position for less than 12 months					Unrealized loss position for more than 12 months
	Fair Value		Unrealized Loss			Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
	(in thousands)
Held-to-maturity:
AgVantage	$	154,857	$	(143	)	$	—	$	—

Available-for-sale:
AgVantage	$	398,252	$	(1,763	)	$	1,891,826	$	(70,375	)
USDA Securities	—		—			103,665		(17		)
Total available-for-sale	$	398,252	$	(1,763	)	$	1,995,491	$	(70,392	)



	As of December 31, 2015
	Available-for-Sale Securities
	Unrealized loss position for less than 12 months					Unrealized loss position for more than 12 months
	Fair Value		Unrealized Loss			Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
	(in thousands)
Available-for-sale:
AgVantage	$	1,193,866	$	(41,835	)	$	1,104,981	$	(28,704	)
USDA Securities	—		—			103,010		(28		)
Total available-for-sale	$	1,193,866	$	(41,835	)	$	1,207,991	$	(28,732	)

The unrealized losses presented above are principally due to higher interest rates from the date of acquisition to June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, as applicable. The credit exposure related to Farmer Mac's USDA Guarantees line of business is covered by the full faith and credit guarantee of the United States. The unrealized losses from AgVantage securities were on 22 available-for-sale securities as of June 30, 2016 . There were two held-to-maturity AgVantage securities with an unrealized loss as of June 30, 2016 . The unrealized losses from AgVantage securities were on 22 available-for-sale securities as of December 31, 2015. There were no unrealized losses from held-to-maturity securities as of December 31, 2015 . As of June 30, 2016 , 16 available-for-sale AgVantage securities had been in a loss position for more than 12 months with a total unrealized loss of $70.4 million . As of December 31, 2015 , 8 available-for-sale AgVantage securities had been in a loss position for more than 12 months with a total unrealized loss of $28.7 million . Farmer Mac has concluded that none of the unrealized losses on its held-to-maturity Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and available-for-sale Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities are other-than-temporary impairment as of either June 30, 2016 or December 31, 2015. Farmer Mac does not intend to sell these securities, and it is not more likely than not that Farmer Mac will be required to sell the securities before recovery of the amortized cost basis.

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During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 , Farmer Mac realized no gains or losses from the sale of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities.

The amortized cost, fair value, and weighted average yield of available-for-sale and held-to-maturity Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities by remaining contractual maturity as of June 30, 2016 are set forth below. The balances presented are based on their final maturities, although the actual maturities may differ due to prepayments of the underlying assets.

Table 3.3



	As of June 30, 2016
	Available-for-Sale Securities
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Weighted- Average Yield
	(dollars in thousands)
Due within one year	$	367,261	$	367,986	1.32	%
Due after one year through five years	2,320,284		2,333,066		1.53	%
Due after five years through ten years	1,448,102		1,486,022		2.20	%
Due after ten years	2,487,709		2,511,716		2.60	%
Total	$	6,623,356	$	6,698,790	2.07	%



	As of June 30, 2016
	Held-to-Maturity Securities
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Weighted- Average Yield
	(dollars in thousands)
Due within one year	$	838,099	$	838,742	2.19	%
Due after one year through five years	513,538		525,345		2.78	%
Due after five years through ten years	37,087		39,962		3.37	%
Total	$	1,388,724	$	1,404,049	2.45	%

As of June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac owned trading USDA Securities with an amortized cost of $24.2 million , a fair value of $24.8 million , and a weighted average yield of 5.49 percent . As of December 31, 2015 , Farmer Mac owned trading USDA Securities with an amortized cost of $29.1 million , a fair value of $29.0 million , and a weighted average yield of 5.53 percent .


4.	FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES

Farmer Mac enters into financial derivative transactions principally to protect against risk from the effects of market price or interest rate movements on the value of certain assets, future cash flows, or debt issuance, and not for trading or speculative purposes. Certain financial derivatives are designated as fair value hedges of fixed rate assets, primarily classified as available-for-sale, to protect against fair value changes in the assets related to a benchmark interest rate (i.e., LIBOR). Other financial derivatives are designated as cash flow hedges to mitigate the volatility of future interest rate payments on floating rate debt.

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All financial derivatives are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value as a freestanding asset or liability. Changes in the fair values of financial derivatives not designated as cash flow hedges are reported in " (Losses)/gains on financial derivatives and hedging activities " in the consolidated statements of operations . For financial derivatives designated in fair value hedging relationships, changes in the fair values of the hedged items, which are primarily fixed rate AgVantage securities, related to the risk being hedged are also reported in " (Losses)/gains on financial derivatives and hedging activities " in the consolidated statements of operations . Interest accruals on derivatives designated in fair value hedging relationships are recorded in " Net interest income " in the consolidated statements of operations. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 , the amount of interest expense recognized on those derivatives was $4.1 million and $8.9 million , respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 , the amount of interest expense recognized on those derivatives was $5.6 million and $11.1 million , respectively. For financial derivatives designated in cash flow hedging relationships, the effective portion of the derivative gain/loss is recorded in other comprehensive income and any ineffective portion is recognized immediately in" (Losses)/gains on financial derivatives and hedging activities " in the consolidated statements of operations . Because the hedging instrument is an interest rate swap and the hedged forecasted transactions are future interest payments on variable-rate debt, amounts recorded in other comprehensive income are reclassified to " Total interest expense " in conjunction with the recognition of interest expense on the debt. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 , $0.5 million and $1.0 million , respectively, was reclassified out of other comprehensive income into interest expense. For for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 , $0.2 million and $0.4 million , respectively, was reclassified out of other comprehensive income into interest expense. As of June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac expects to reclassify $2.1 million pretax, or $1.3 million after-tax, from accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax, to earnings over the next twelve months. This amount could differ from amounts actually recognized due to changes in interest rates, hedge de-designations, and the addition of other hedges subsequent to June 30, 2016 . During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 , there were no gains or losses from interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges reclassified to earnings because it became probable the original forecasted transaction would not occur.

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The following tables summarize information related to Farmer Mac's financial derivatives on a gross basis without giving consideration to master netting arrangements as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 and the effects of financial derivatives on the consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 :

Table 4.1



	As of June 30, 2016
			Fair Value					Weighted- Average Pay Rate	Weighted- Average Receive Rate	Weighted- Average Forward Price	Weighted- Average Remaining Life (in years)
	Notional Amount		Asset		(Liability)			Weighted- Average Pay Rate	Weighted- Average Receive Rate	Weighted- Average Forward Price	Weighted- Average Remaining Life (in years)
	(dollars in thousands)
Fair value hedges:
Interest rate swaps:
Pay fixed non-callable	$	1,391,816	$	6	$	(67,960	)	1.83%	0.64%		5.24
Receive fixed non-callable	30,000		862		—			0.78%	1.75%		3.96
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swaps:
Pay fixed non-callable	157,000		—		(9,360		)	2.26%	0.86%		7.21
No hedge designation:
Interest rate swaps:
Pay fixed non-callable	442,611		—		(61,957		)	4.08%	0.64%		6.31
Receive fixed non-callable	6,035,677		7,367		(1,007		)	0.51%	0.60%		0.53
Receive fixed callable	30,000		—		(17		)	0.57%	0.58%		0.83
Basis swaps	400,000		7		(219		)	0.61%	0.58%		0.95
Agency forwards	17,586		—		(94		)			101.03
Treasury futures	28,100		—		(309		)			131.89
Credit valuation adjustment			—		165
Total financial derivatives	$	8,532,790	$	8,242	$	(140,758	)
Collateral pledged			—		95,144
Net amount			$	8,242	$	(45,614	)

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	As of December 31, 2015
			Fair Value						Weighted- Average Pay Rate	Weighted- Average Receive Rate	Weighted- Average Forward Price	Weighted- Average Remaining Life (in years)
	Notional Amount		Asset			(Liability)			Weighted- Average Pay Rate	Weighted- Average Receive Rate	Weighted- Average Forward Price	Weighted- Average Remaining Life (in years)
	(dollars in thousands)
Fair value hedges:
Interest rate swaps:
Pay fixed non-callable	$	1,276,285	$	949		$	(26,703	)	2.35%	0.37%		4.16
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swaps:
Pay fixed non-callable	119,000		8			(1,381		)	2.25%	0.64%		7.03
No hedge designation:
Interest rate swaps:
Pay fixed non-callable	454,041		229			(44,528		)	3.73%	0.33%		6.02
Receive fixed non-callable	5,590,638		2,384			(4,205		)	0.31%	0.47%		0.57
Receive fixed callable	230,000		—			(421		)	0.41%	0.91%		2.26
Basis swaps	725,000		232			(131		)	0.22%	0.38%		2.33
Treasury futures	35,000		19			—					125.96
Credit valuation adjustment			(5		)	170
Total financial derivatives	$	8,429,964	$	3,816		$	(77,199	)
Collateral pledged			—			37,986
Net amount			$	3,816		$	(39,213	)

Table 4.2



	(Losses)/gains on financial derivatives and hedging activities
	For the Three Months Ended						For the Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2016			June 30, 2015			June 30, 2016			June 30, 2015
	(in thousands)
Fair value hedges:
Interest rate swaps ⁽¹⁾	$	(14,440	)	$	14,075		$	(41,339	)	$	8,316
Hedged items	16,541			(11,354		)	46,329			(2,478		)
Gains on fair value hedges	2,101			2,721			4,990			5,838
Cash flow hedges:
Loss recognized (ineffective portion)	(105		)	(150		)	(254		)	(366		)
Losses on cash flow hedges	(105		)	(150		)	(254		)	(366		)
No hedge designation:
Interest rate swaps	(6,345		)	11,948			(14,487		)	6,207
Agency forwards	10			(356		)	(868		)	(1,142		)
Treasury futures	(357		)	226			(859		)	(30		)
(Losses)/gains on financial derivatives not designated in hedging relationships	(6,692		)	11,818			(16,214		)	5,035
(Losses)/gains on financial derivatives and hedging activities	$	(4,696	)	$	14,389		$	(11,478	)	$	10,507

⁽¹⁾

Included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness as of June 30, 2016 , but excluded from the amounts in the table, were losses of $1.8 million and $3.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 , attributable to the fair value of the swaps at the inception of the hedging relationship. Accordingly, the amounts recognized as hedge ineffectiveness for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 were gains of $0.3 million and $1.7 million , respectively. The comparable amounts as of June 30, 2015 were losses of $ 2.9 million and $5.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 , attributable to the fair value of the swaps at the inception of the hedging relationship and, accordingly, losses of $ 0.2 million and gains of $0.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 , attributable to hedge ineffectiveness.

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As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, Farmer Mac's credit exposure to interest rate swap counterparties, excluding netting arrangements and any adjustment for nonperformance risk, but including accrued interest, was $15.6 million and $6.4 million , respectively; however, including netting arrangements and accrued interest, Farmer Mac's credit exposure was zero and $47,000 as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. As of June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac held no cash as collateral for its derivatives in net asset positions and had no uncollateralized net asset positions. As of December 31, 2015, Farmer Mac held no cash collateral for its derivatives in net asset positions, resulting in uncollateralized net asset positions of $47,000 .

As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the fair value of Farmer Mac's derivatives in a net liability position including accrued interest but excluding netting arrangements and any adjustment for nonperformance risk, was $152.3 million and $90.1 million , respectively; however, including netting arrangements and accrued interest, the fair value of Farmer Mac's derivatives in a net liability position at the counterparty level, was $135.1 million and $83.2 million as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. Farmer Mac posted cash of $95.1 million and no investment securities as of June 30, 2016 and posted cash of $38.0 million and no investment securities as of December 31, 2015. Farmer Mac records posted cash as a reduction in the outstanding balance of cash and cash equivalents and an increase in the balance of prepaid expenses and other assets. Any investment securities posted as collateral are included in the investment securities balances on the consolidated balance sheets. If Farmer Mac had breached certain provisions of the derivative contracts as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, it could have been required to settle its obligations under the agreements or post additional collateral of $40.0 million and $45.2 million , respectively. As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, there were no financial derivatives in a net payable position where Farmer Mac was required to pledge collateral which the counterparty had the right to sell or repledge.

For certain derivatives, Farmer Mac clears interest rate swaps through a clearinghouse. Farmer Mac posts initial and variation margin to the clearinghouses through which centrally-cleared derivatives and futures contracts are traded. These collateral postings expose Farmer Mac to institutional credit risk in the event that either the clearinghouse or the futures commission merchant that Farmer Mac uses to post collateral to the clearinghouse fails to meet its obligations. Conversely, the use of centrally-cleared derivatives mitigates Farmer Mac's credit risk to individual counterparties because clearinghouses assume the credit risk among counterparties in centrally-cleared derivatives transactions. Of Farmer Mac's $8.5 billion notional amount of interest rate swaps outstanding as of June 30, 2016 , $7.5 billion were cleared through swap clearinghouses. Of Farmer Mac's $8.4 billion notional amount of interest rate swaps outstanding as of December 31, 2015, $6.2 billion were cleared through swap clearinghouses.

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5.	LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOSSES

Loans

Farmer Mac classifies loans as either held for investment or held for sale. Loans held for investment are recorded at the unpaid principal balance, net of unamortized premium or discount and other cost adjustments. Loans held for sale are reported at the lower of cost or fair value determined on a pooled basis. As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , Farmer Mac had no loans held for sale. The following table displays the composition of the loan balances as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 :

Table 5.1



	As of June 30, 2016									As of December 31, 2015
	Unsecuritized			In Consolidated Trusts			Total			Unsecuritized			In Consolidated Trusts			Total
	(in thousands)
Farm & Ranch	$	2,265,932		$	922,666		$	3,188,598		$	2,249,864		$	708,111		$	2,957,975
Rural Utilities	1,001,769			—			1,001,769			1,008,126			—			1,008,126
Total unpaid principal balance ⁽¹⁾	3,267,701			922,666			4,190,367			3,257,990			708,111			3,966,101
Unamortized premiums, discounts and other cost basis adjustments	9,821			—			9,821			423			—			423
Total loans	3,277,522			922,666			4,200,188			3,258,413			708,111			3,966,524
Allowance for loan losses	(4,038		)	(855		)	(4,893		)	(3,736		)	(744		)	(4,480		)
Total loans, net of allowance	$	3,273,484		$	921,811		$	4,195,295		$	3,254,677		$	707,367		$	3,962,044


⁽¹⁾	Unpaid principal balance is the basis of presentation in disclosures of outstanding balances for Farmer Mac's lines of business.

Allowance for Losses

Farmer Mac maintains an allowance for losses presented in two components on its consolidated balance sheets: (1) an allowance for loan losses to account for estimated probable losses on loans held, and (2) a reserve for losses to account for estimated probable losses on loans underlying LTSPCs and off-balance sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities. As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , Farmer Mac's total allowances for losses were $7.1 million and $6.6 million , respectively. See Note 6 for more information about off-balance sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and LTSPCs.

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The following is a summary of the changes in the total allowance for losses for the three and six months months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:

Table 5.2



	As of June 30, 2016						As of June 30, 2015
	Allowance for Loan Losses		Reserve for Losses		Total Allowance for Losses		Allowance for Loan Losses			Reserve for Losses		Total Allowance for Losses
	(in thousands)
For the Three Months Ended:
Beginning Balance	$	4,529	$	2,097	$	6,626	$	5,940		$	3,491	$	9,431
Provision for losses	364		94		458		110			1,146		1,256
Charge-offs	—		—		—		(111		)	—		(111		)
Ending Balance	$	4,893	$	2,191	$	7,084	$	5,939		$	4,637	$	10,576

For the Six Months Ended:
Beginning Balance	$	4,480	$	2,083	$	6,563	$	5,864		$	4,263	$	10,127
Provision for losses	413		108		521		186			374		560
Charge-offs	—		—		—		(111		)	—		(111		)
Ending Balance	$	4,893	$	2,191	$	7,084	$	5,939		$	4,637	$	10,576

During second quarter 2016 , Farmer Mac recorded provisions to its allowance for loan losses of $0.4 million and provisions to its reserve for losses of $0.1 million . The provisions to the allowance for loan losses recorded during second quarter 2016 were attributable to the establishment of a specific reserve for a long-standing impaired permanent planting loan due to collateral shortfalls relative to the unpaid principal balance and an increase in the specific allowance for on-balance sheet impaired loans resulting from a modest increase in the outstanding balance of such loans. The provisions to the reserve for losses recorded during the three months ended June 30, 2016 were attributable to an increase in the general allowance due to downgrades in risk rating on certain unimpaired crop loans and permanent planting loans underlying LTSPCs. The provisions were partially offset by a decrease in the general allowance of Agricultural Storage and Processing loans and Agricultural Storage and Processing loans underlying LTSPCs due to paydowns of these loans. Farmer Mac recorded no charge-offs to its allowance for loan losses during second quarter 2016.

During second quarter 2015, Farmer Mac recorded provisions to its allowance for loan losses of $0.1 million and provisions to its reserve for losses of $1.1 million , primarily related to a specific allowance for two Agricultural Storage and Processing loans underlying an LTSPC that financed one canola facility. The establishment of a specific allowance for these loans was due to a downgrade in risk rating resulting from collateral shortfalls relative to the unpaid principal balance for such loans. Farmer Mac recorded $0.1 million of charge-offs to its allowance for loan losses during second quarter 2015.

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The following tables present the changes in the total allowance for losses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 by commodity type:

Table 5.3



	June 30, 2016
	Crops		Permanent Plantings		Livestock		Part-time Farm		Ag. Storage and Processing			Other		Total
	(in thousands)
For the Three Months Ended:
Beginning Balance	$	2,892	$	937	$	1,763	$	444	$	587		$	3	$	6,626
Provision for/(release of) losses	219		207		143		3		(114		)	—		458
Ending Balance	$	3,111	$	1,144	$	1,906	$	447	$	473		$	3	$	7,084

For the Six Months Ended:
Beginning Balance	$	2,791	$	931	$	1,781	$	408	$	649		$	3	$	6,563
Provision for/(release of) losses	320		213		125		39		(176		)	—		521
Ending Balance	$	3,111	$	1,144	$	1,906	$	447	$	473		$	3	$	7,084



	June 30, 2015
	Crops		Permanent Plantings			Livestock		Part-time Farm			Ag. Storage and Processing			Other		Total
	(in thousands)
For the Three Months Ended:
Beginning Balance	$	2,640	$	2,284		$	1,343	$	459		$	2,698		$	7	$	9,431
Provision for/(release of) losses	13		(63		)	417		85			804			—		1,256
Charge-offs	—		—			—		(111		)	—			—		(111		)
Ending Balance	$	2,653	$	2,221		$	1,760	$	433		$	3,502		$	7	$	10,576

For the Six Months Ended
Beginning Balance	$	2,519	$	2,159		$	1,423	$	467		$	3,552		$	7	$	10,127
Provision for/(release of) losses	134		62			337		77			(50		)	—		560
Charge-offs	—		—			—		(111		)	—			—		(111		)
Ending Balance	$	2,653	$	2,221		$	1,760	$	433		$	3,502		$	7	$	10,576

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The following tables present the unpaid principal balances of loans held and loans underlying LTSPCs and off-balance sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and the related total allowance for losses by impairment method and commodity type as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 :

Table 5.4



	As of June 30, 2016
	Crops		Permanent Plantings		Livestock		Part-time Farm		Ag. Storage and Processing		Other		Total
	(in thousands)
Ending Balance:
Collectively evaluated for impairment:
On-balance sheet	$	2,016,360	$	474,431	$	485,740	$	138,786	$	11,843	$	3,155	$	3,130,315
Off-balance sheet	1,275,541		458,343		727,971		117,304		41,960		4,964		2,626,083
Total	$	3,291,901	$	932,774	$	1,213,711	$	256,090	$	53,803	$	8,119	$	5,756,398
Individually evaluated for impairment:
On-balance sheet	$	22,481	$	22,001	$	6,301	$	7,500	$	—	$	—	$	58,283
Off-balance sheet	6,227		3,123		5,584		918		—		—		15,852
Total	$	28,708	$	25,124	$	11,885	$	8,418	$	—	$	—	$	74,135
Total Farm & Ranch loans:
On-balance sheet	$	2,038,841	$	496,432	$	492,041	$	146,286	$	11,843	$	3,155	$	3,188,598
Off-balance sheet	1,281,768		461,466		733,555		118,222		41,960		4,964		2,641,935
Total	$	3,320,609	$	957,898	$	1,225,596	$	264,508	$	53,803	$	8,119	$	5,830,533
Allowance for Losses:
Collectively evaluated for impairment:
On-balance sheet	$	1,957	$	380	$	714	$	164	$	59	$	—	$	3,274
Off-balance sheet	433		260		298		57		414		3		1,465
Total	$	2,390	$	640	$	1,012	$	221	$	473	$	3	$	4,739
Individually evaluated for impairment:
On-balance sheet	$	511	$	476	$	434	$	198	$	—	$	—	$	1,619
Off-balance sheet	210		28		460		28		—		—		726
Total	$	721	$	504	$	894	$	226	$	—	$	—	$	2,345
Total Farm & Ranch loans:
On-balance sheet	$	2,468	$	856	$	1,148	$	362	$	59	$	—	$	4,893
Off-balance sheet	643		288		758		85		414		3		2,191
Total	$	3,111	$	1,144	$	1,906	$	447	$	473	$	3	$	7,084

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	As of December 31, 2015
	Crops		Permanent Plantings		Livestock		Part-time Farm		Ag. Storage and Processing		Other		Total
	(in thousands)
Ending Balance:
Collectively evaluated for impairment:
On-balance sheet	$	1,911,039	$	433,654	$	444,320	$	92,712	$	15,944	$	3,199	$	2,900,868
Off-balance sheet	1,313,872		483,473		777,663		110,378		56,208		7,142		2,748,736
Total	$	3,224,911	$	917,127	$	1,221,983	$	203,090	$	72,152	$	10,341	$	5,649,604
Individually evaluated for impairment:
On-balance sheet	$	12,803	$	21,247	$	5,958	$	7,261	$	9,838	$	—	$	57,107
Off-balance sheet	5,937		3,037		8,840		774		—		—		18,588
Total	$	18,740	$	24,284	$	14,798	$	8,035	$	9,838	$	—	$	75,695
Total Farm & Ranch loans:
On-balance sheet	$	1,923,842	$	454,901	$	450,278	$	99,973	$	25,782	$	3,199	$	2,957,975
Off-balance sheet	1,319,809		486,510		786,503		111,152		56,208		7,142		2,767,324
Total	$	3,243,651	$	941,411	$	1,236,781	$	211,125	$	81,990	$	10,341	$	5,725,299
Allowance for Losses:
Collectively evaluated for impairment:
On-balance sheet	$	1,968	$	434	$	702	$	116	$	167	$	—	$	3,387
Off-balance sheet	347		137		292		65		482		3		1,326
Total	$	2,315	$	571	$	994	$	181	$	649	$	3	$	4,713
Individually evaluated for impairment:
On-balance sheet	$	290	$	218	$	384	$	201	$	—	$	—	$	1,093
Off-balance sheet	186		142		403		26		—		—		757
Total	$	476	$	360	$	787	$	227	$	—	$	—	$	1,850
Total Farm & Ranch loans:
On-balance sheet	$	2,258	$	652	$	1,086	$	317	$	167	$	—	$	4,480
Off-balance sheet	533		279		695		91		482		3		2,083
Total	$	2,791	$	931	$	1,781	$	408	$	649	$	3	$	6,563

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The following tables present by commodity type the unpaid principal balances, recorded investment, and specific allowance for losses related to impaired loans and the recorded investment in loans on nonaccrual status as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 :

Table 5.5



	As of June 30, 2016
	Crops		Permanent Plantings		Livestock		Part-time Farm		Ag. Storage and Processing		Other		Total
	(in thousands)
Impaired Loans:
With no specific allowance:
Recorded investment	$	2,101	$	13,840	$	1,832	$	1,671	$	—	$	—	$	19,444
Unpaid principal balance	2,027		13,804		1,832		1,665		—		—		19,328
With a specific allowance:
Recorded investment ⁽¹⁾	27,126		11,409		9,992		6,776		—		—		55,303
Unpaid principal balance	26,681		11,320		10,053		6,753		—		—		54,807
Associated allowance	721		504		894		226		—		—		2,345
Total:
Recorded investment	29,227		25,249		11,824		8,447		—		—		74,747
Unpaid principal balance	28,708		25,124		11,885		8,418		—		—		74,135
Associated allowance	721		504		894		226		—		—		2,345

Recorded investment of loans on nonaccrual status ⁽²⁾	$	8,629	$	14,903	$	3,329	$	5,691	$	—	$	—	$	32,552


⁽¹⁾	Impairment analysis was performed in the aggregate in consideration of similar risk characteristics of the assets and historical statistics on $52.1 million ( 70 percent ) of impaired loans as of June 30, 2016 , which resulted in a specific reserve of $1.3 million .


⁽²⁾	Includes $17.4 million of loans that are less than 90 days delinquent but which have not met Farmer Mac's performance criteria for returning to accrual status.



	As of December 31, 2015
	Crops		Permanent Plantings		Livestock		Part-time Farm		Ag. Storage and Processing		Other		Total
	(in thousands)
Impaired Loans:
With no specific allowance:
Recorded investment	$	3,772	$	12,340	$	5,644	$	1,851	$	—	$	—	$	23,607
Unpaid principal balance	3,720		12,346		5,645		1,851		—		—		23,562
With a specific allowance:
Recorded investment ⁽¹⁾	15,103		11,939		9,050		6,185		9,838		—		52,115
Unpaid principal balance	15,020		11,938		9,153		6,184		9,838		—		52,133
Associated allowance	476		360		787		227		—		—		1,850
Total:
Recorded investment	18,875		24,279		14,694		8,036		9,838		—		75,722
Unpaid principal balance	18,740		24,284		14,798		8,035		9,838		—		75,695
Associated allowance	476		360		787		227		—		—		1,850

Recorded investment of loans on nonaccrual status ⁽²⁾	$	5,105	$	16,546	$	4,313	$	5,870	$	9,838	$	—	$	41,672


⁽¹⁾	Impairment analysis was performed in the aggregate in consideration of similar risk characteristics of the assets and historical statistics on $46.4 million ( 61 percent ) of impaired loans as of December 31, 2015 , which resulted in a specific reserve of $1.0 million .


⁽²⁾	Includes $14.7 million of loans that are less than 90 days delinquent but which have not met Farmer Mac's performance criteria for returning to accrual status.

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The following table presents by commodity type the average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 :

Table 5.6



	June 30, 2016
	Crops		Permanent Plantings		Livestock		Part-time Farm		Ag. Storage and Processing		Other		Total
	(in thousands)
For the Three Months Ended:
Average recorded investment in impaired loans	$	28,732	$	24,133	$	14,883	$	8,772	$	—	$	—	$	76,520
Income recognized on impaired loans	60		509		133		105		—		—		807

For the Six Months Ended:
Average recorded investment in impaired loans	$	26,121	$	29,673	$	13,906	$	9,111	$	7,368	$	—	$	86,179
Income recognized on impaired loans	62		553		148		177		—		—		940



	June 30, 2015
	Crops		Permanent Plantings		Livestock		Part-time Farm		Ag. Storage and Processing		Other		Total
	(in thousands)
For the Three Months Ended:
Average recorded investment in impaired loans	$	24,392	$	42,347	$	14,247	$	10,924	$	6,750	$	—	$	98,660
Income recognized on impaired loans	58		142		49		92		—		—		341

For the Six Months Ended:
Average recorded investment in impaired loans	$	21,471	$	41,407	$	14,683	$	11,733	$	4,500	$	—	$	93,794
Income recognized on impaired loans	340		225		197		150		—		—		912

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 , there were no troubled debt restructurings ("TDRs"). For the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 , the recorded investment of loans determined to be TDRs was $1.1 million both before and after restructuring. As of June 30, 2016 and 2015, there were no TDRs identified during the previous 12 months that were in default under the modified terms. The impact of TDRs on Farmer Mac's allowance for loan losses was immaterial for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.

When particular criteria are met, such as the default of the borrower, Farmer Mac becomes entitled to purchase the defaulted loans underlying Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities (commonly referred to as "removal-of-account" provisions). Farmer Mac records all such defaulted loans at their unpaid principal balance during the period in which Farmer Mac becomes entitled to purchase the loans and therefore regains effective control over the transferred loans. In accordance with the terms of all LTSPCs, Farmer Mac acquires loans that are either 90 days or 120 days delinquent (depending on the provisions of the applicable agreement) upon the request of the counterparty. Subsequent to the purchase, these defaulted loans are treated as nonaccrual loans and, therefore, interest is accounted for on the cash basis. Any decreases in expected cash flows are recognized as impairment.

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During the three months ended June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac purchased no defaulted loans. During the six months ended June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac purchased five defaulted loans having an unpaid principal balance of $1.4 million from pools underlying Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities. During the three months ended June 30, 2015 , Farmer Mac purchased one defaulted loan having an unpaid principal balance of $1.3 million from a pool underlying a Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Security. During the six months ended June 30, 2015 , Farmer Mac purchased two defaulted loans having an unpaid principal balance of $2.0 million from pools underlying Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities.

The following tables present information related to Farmer Mac's acquisition of defaulted loans for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 and the outstanding balances and carrying amounts of all such loans as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

Table 5.7



	For the Three Months Ended				For the Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2016		June 30, 2015		June 30, 2016		June 30, 2015
	(in thousands)
Unpaid principal balance at acquisition date:
Loans underlying LTSPCs	$	—	$	—	$	1,267	$	—
Loans underlying off-balance sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	—		1,324		148		1,981
Total unpaid principal balance at acquisition date	—		1,324		1,415		1,981
Contractually required payments receivable	—		—		1,435		—
Impairment recognized subsequent to acquisition	208		57		208		109
Recovery/release of allowance for defaulted loans	6		—		10		121



	As of
	June 30, 2016		December 31, 2015
	(in thousands)
Outstanding balance	$	16,734	$	36,195
Carrying amount	14,875		34,015

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Net credit losses and 90 -day delinquencies as of and for the periods indicated for loans held and loans underlying off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities and LTSPCs are presented in the table below. As of June 30, 2016 , there were no delinquencies and no probable losses inherent in Farmer Mac's Rural Utilities loan portfolio and Farmer Mac had not experienced credit losses on any Rural Utilities loans.

Table 5.8



	90-Day Delinquencies ⁽¹⁾				Net Credit Losses
	As of				For the Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2016		December 31, 2015		June 30, 2016		June 30, 2015
	(in thousands)
On-balance sheet assets:
Farm & Ranch:
Loans	$	15,180	$	26,935	$	39	$	112
Total on-balance sheet	$	15,180	$	26,935	$	39	$	112
Off-balance sheet assets:
Farm & Ranch:
LTSPCs	$	6,913	$	5,201	$	—	$	—
Total off-balance sheet	$	6,913	$	5,201	$	—	$	—
Total	$	22,093	$	32,136	$	39	$	112


⁽¹⁾	Includes loans and loans underlying off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities and LTSPCs that are 90 days or more past due, in foreclosure, or in bankruptcy, excluding loans performing under either their original loan terms or a court-approved bankruptcy plan.

Of the $15.2 million of on-balance sheet loans reported as 90 -day delinquencies as of June 30, 2016 , $0.3 million were loans subject to "removal-of-account" provisions. Of the $26.9 million of on-balance sheet loans reported as 90 -day delinquencies as of December 31, 2015 , none were loans subject to "removal-of-account" provisions.

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Credit Quality Indicators

The following tables present credit quality indicators related to Farm & Ranch loans held and loans underlying LTSPCs and off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 :

Table 5.9



	As of June 30, 2016
	Crops		Permanent Plantings		Livestock		Part-time Farm		Ag. Storage and Processing		Other		Total
	(in thousands)
Credit risk profile by internally assigned grade ⁽¹⁾
On-balance sheet:
Acceptable	$	1,982,541	$	473,353	$	453,701	$	136,174	$	11,843	$	3,155	$	3,060,767
Special mention ⁽²⁾	33,819		1,078		32,039		2,612		—		—		69,548
Substandard ⁽³⁾	22,481		22,001		6,301		7,500		—		—		58,283
Total on-balance sheet	$	2,038,841	$	496,432	$	492,041	$	146,286	$	11,843	$	3,155	$	3,188,598
Off-Balance Sheet:
Acceptable	$	1,203,888	$	422,893	$	686,744	$	110,477	$	39,837	$	4,324	$	2,468,163
Special mention ⁽²⁾	54,224		20,489		29,565		2,786		2,123		544		109,731
Substandard ⁽³⁾	23,656		18,084		17,246		4,959		—		96		64,041
Total off-balance sheet	$	1,281,768	$	461,466	$	733,555	$	118,222	$	41,960	$	4,964	$	2,641,935
Total Ending Balance:
Acceptable	$	3,186,429	$	896,246	$	1,140,445	$	246,651	$	51,680	$	7,479	$	5,528,930
Special mention ⁽²⁾	88,043		21,567		61,604		5,398		2,123		544		179,279
Substandard ⁽³⁾	46,137		40,085		23,547		12,459		—		96		122,324
Total	$	3,320,609	$	957,898	$	1,225,596	$	264,508	$	53,803	$	8,119	$	5,830,533

Commodity analysis of past due loans ⁽¹⁾
On-balance sheet	$	5,773	$	6,663	$	639	$	2,105	$	—	$	—	$	15,180
Off-balance sheet	6,121		15		298		479		—		—		6,913
90 days or more past due	$	11,894	$	6,678	$	937	$	2,584	$	—	$	—	$	22,093


⁽¹⁾	Amounts represent unpaid principal balance of risk-rated loans, which is the basis Farmer Mac uses to analyze its portfolio, and recorded investment of past due loans.


⁽²⁾	Assets in the "Special mention" category generally have potential weaknesses due to performance issues but are currently considered to be adequately secured.


⁽³⁾	Substandard assets have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses and there is a distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained if deficiencies are not corrected.

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	As of December 31, 2015
	Crops		Permanent Plantings		Livestock		Part-time Farm		Ag. Storage and Processing		Other		Total
	(in thousands)
Credit risk profile by internally assigned grade ⁽¹⁾
On-balance sheet:
Acceptable	$	1,888,762	$	431,038	$	409,003	$	89,541	$	15,944	$	3,199	$	2,837,487
Special mention ⁽²⁾	22,255		2,616		35,317		2,918		—		—		63,106
Substandard ⁽³⁾	12,825		21,247		5,958		7,514		9,838		—		57,382
Total on-balance sheet	$	1,923,842	$	454,901	$	450,278	$	99,973	$	25,782	$	3,199	$	2,957,975
Off-Balance Sheet
Acceptable	$	1,279,454	$	473,335	$	753,472	$	102,990	$	56,208	$	6,517	$	2,671,976
Special mention ⁽²⁾	24,422		7,226		13,121		2,938		—		523		48,230
Substandard ⁽³⁾	15,933		5,949		19,910		5,224		—		102		47,118
Total off-balance sheet	$	1,319,809	$	486,510	$	786,503	$	111,152	$	56,208	$	7,142	$	2,767,324
Total Ending Balance:
Acceptable	$	3,168,216	$	904,373	$	1,162,475	$	192,531	$	72,152	$	9,716	$	5,509,463
Special mention ⁽²⁾	46,677		9,842		48,438		5,856		—		523		111,336
Substandard ⁽³⁾	28,758		27,196		25,868		12,738		9,838		102		104,500
Total	$	3,243,651	$	941,411	$	1,236,781	$	211,125	$	81,990	$	10,341	$	5,725,299

Commodity analysis of past due loans ⁽¹⁾
On-balance sheet	$	4,656	$	7,405	$	2,517	$	2,519	$	9,838	$	—	$	26,935
Off-balance sheet	511		—		4,542		148		—		—		5,201
90 days or more past due	$	5,167	$	7,405	$	7,059	$	2,667	$	9,838	$	—	$	32,136


⁽¹⁾	Amounts represent unpaid principal balance of risk-rated loans, which is the basis Farmer Mac uses to analyze its portfolio, and recorded investment of past due loans.


⁽²⁾	Assets in the "Special mention" category generally have potential weaknesses due to performance issues but are currently considered to be adequately secured.


⁽³⁾	Substandard assets have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses and there is a distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained if deficiencies are not corrected.

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Concentrations of Credit Risk

The following table sets forth the geographic and commodity/collateral diversification, as well as the range of original loan-to-value ratios, for all Farm & Ranch loans held and loans underlying off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities and LTSPCs as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 :

Table 5.10



	As of
	June 30, 2016		December 31, 2015
	(in thousands)
By commodity/collateral type:
Crops	$	3,320,609	$	3,243,651
Permanent plantings	957,898		941,411
Livestock	1,225,596		1,236,781
Part-time farm	264,508		211,125
Ag. Storage and Processing	53,803		81,990
Other	8,119		10,341
Total	$	5,830,533	$	5,725,299
By geographic region ⁽¹⁾ :
Northwest	$	613,508	$	582,127
Southwest	1,722,509		1,726,927
Mid-North	2,045,422		2,009,654
Mid-South	794,257		769,831
Northeast	225,405		215,883
Southeast	429,432		420,877
Total	$	5,830,533	$	5,725,299
By original loan-to-value ratio:
0.00% to 40.00%	$	1,632,950	$	1,594,818
40.01% to 50.00%	1,339,807		1,279,321
50.01% to 60.00%	1,603,174		1,593,025
60.01% to 70.00%	1,086,716		1,107,710
70.01% to 80.00%	150,822		126,860
80.01% to 90.00%	17,064		23,565
Total	$	5,830,533	$	5,725,299


⁽¹⁾	Geographic regions: Northwest (AK, ID, MT, OR, WA, WY); Southwest (AZ, CA, CO, HI, NM, NV, UT); Mid-North (IA, IL, IN, MI, MN, NE, ND, SD, WI); Mid-South (AR, KS, LA, MO, OK, TX); Northeast (CT, DE, KY, MA, MD, ME, NH, NJ, NY, OH, PA, RI, VA, VT, WV); Southeast (AL, FL, GA, MS, NC, SC, TN).

The original loan-to-value ratio is calculated by dividing the loan principal balance at the time of guarantee, purchase, or commitment by the appraised value at the date of loan origination or, when available, the updated appraised value at the time of guarantee, purchase, or commitment. Current loan-to-value ratios may be higher or lower than the original loan-to-value ratios.

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6.	OFF-BALANCE SHEET GUARANTEES AND LONG-TERM STANDBY PURCHASE COMMITMENTS

Farmer Mac offers two credit enhancement alternatives to direct loan purchases that allow approved lenders the ability to retain the cash flow benefits of their loans and increase their liquidity and lending capacity: (1) Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, which are available through the Farm & Ranch, USDA Guarantees, or Rural Utilities lines of business, and (2) LTSPCs, which are available through the Farm & Ranch or Rural Utilities lines of business.

The following table presents the maximum principal amount of potential undiscounted future payments that Farmer Mac could be required to make under all off-balance sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , not including offsets provided by any recourse provisions, recoveries from third parties, or collateral for the underlying loans:

Table 6.1



Outstanding Balance of Off-Balance Sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities
	As of June 30, 2016		As of December 31, 2015
	(in thousands)
Farm & Ranch:
Guaranteed Securities	$	466,479	$	514,051
USDA Guarantees:
Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	30,962		10,272
Institutional Credit:
AgVantage Securities	984,871		984,871
Revolving floating rate AgVantage facility ⁽¹⁾	300,000		300,000
Total off-balance sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	$	1,782,312	$	1,809,194


⁽¹⁾	Relates to a revolving floating rate AgVantage facility subject to specified contractual terms. Farmer Mac receives a fixed fee based on the full dollar amount of the facility.

Eligible loans and other eligible assets may be placed into trusts that are used as vehicles for the securitization of the transferred assets and the Farmer Mac-guaranteed beneficial interests in the trusts are sold to investors. The following table summarizes the significant cash flows received from and paid to trusts used for Farmer Mac securitizations:

Table 6.2



	For the Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2016			June 30, 2015
	(in thousands)
Proceeds from new securitizations	$	278,443		$	112,440
Guarantee fees received	1,823			2,082
Purchases of assets from the trusts	(1,267		)	(1,981		)

Farmer Mac has recorded a liability for its obligation to stand ready under the guarantee in the guarantee and commitment obligation on the consolidated balance sheets. This liability approximated $7.0 million as of June 30, 2016 and $8.3 million as of December 31, 2015 . As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , the weighted-average remaining maturity of all loans underlying off-balance sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, excluding AgVantage securities, was 11.0 years and 11.3 years , respectively. As of

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June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , the weighted-average remaining maturity of the off-balance sheet AgVantage securities was 1.2 years and 1.7 years , respectively.

Long-Term Standby Purchase Commitments

An LTSPC is a commitment by Farmer Mac to purchase eligible loans from an identified pool of loans under specified circumstances set forth in the applicable agreement, either for cash or in exchange for Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, on one or more undetermined future dates. As consideration for its assumption of the credit risk on loans underlying an LTSPC, Farmer Mac receives a commitment fee payable monthly in arrears in an amount approximating what would have been the guarantee fee if the transaction were structured as a swap for Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities.

The maximum principal amount of potential undiscounted future payments that Farmer Mac could be requested to make under all LTSPCs, not including offsets provided by any recourse provisions, recoveries from third parties, or collateral for the underlying loans, was $3.1 billion as of June 30, 2016 and $2.8 billion as of December 31, 2015 .

As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the weighted-average remaining maturity of all loans underlying LTSPCs was 15.2 years and 14.6 years , respectively. For those LTSPCs issued or modified on or after January 1, 2003, Farmer Mac has recorded a liability for its obligation to stand ready under the commitment in the guarantee and commitment obligation on the consolidated balance sheets. This liability approximated $31.1 million as of June 30, 2016 and $30.3 million as of December 31, 2015 .


7.	EQUITY

Non-Controlling Interest in Farmer Mac II LLC

On January 25, 2010 , Farmer Mac completed a private offering of $250.0 million of securities issued by a newly formed Delaware statutory trust. The trust securities, called Farm Asset-Linked Capital Securities or "FALConS," represented undivided beneficial ownership interests in 250,000 shares of non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock (the "Farmer Mac II LLC Preferred Stock") of Farmer Mac's subsidiary, Farmer Mac II LLC, a Delaware limited liability company. The Farmer Mac II LLC Preferred Stock had a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share. On May 14, 2014, Farmer Mac purchased $6.0 million of FALConS from certain holders. On March 30, 2015, Farmer Mac II LLC redeemed all of the outstanding shares of Farmer Mac II LLC Preferred Stock which, in turn, triggered the redemption of all of the outstanding FALConS on that same day. Farmer Mac recognized an expense of $8.1 million in deferred issuance costs upon the retirement of the Farmer Mac II LLC Preferred Stock.

Common Stock

On September 8, 2015, Farmer Mac's board of directors approved a share repurchase program authorizing Farmer Mac to repurchase up to $25 million of its outstanding Class C non-voting common stock through September 8, 2017. As of June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac had repurchased approximately 668,000 shares of Class C non-voting common stock at a cost of approximately $19.6 million pursuant to the share repurchase program.

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Capital Requirements

Farmer Mac is subject to the following capital requirements:

•

Statutory minimum capital requirement – Farmer Mac's statutory minimum capital level is an amount of core capital (stockholders' equity less accumulated other comprehensive income) equal to the sum of 2.75 percent of Farmer Mac's aggregate on-balance sheet assets, as calculated for regulatory purposes, plus 0.75 percent of the aggregate off-balance sheet obligations of Farmer Mac, specifically including:


◦	the unpaid principal balance of outstanding Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities;


◦	instruments issued or guaranteed by Farmer Mac that are substantially equivalent to Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, including LTSPCs; and


◦	other off-balance sheet obligations of Farmer Mac.


•	Statutory critical capital requirement – Farmer Mac's critical capital level is an amount of core capital equal to 50 percent of the total minimum capital requirement at that time.


•	Risk-based capital requirement – Farmer Mac's charter directs FCA to establish a risk-based capital stress test for Farmer Mac, using specified stress-test parameters.

Farmer Mac is required to comply with the higher of the minimum capital requirement and the risk-based capital requirement. As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the minimum capital requirement was greater than the risk-based capital requirement. Farmer Mac's ability to declare and pay dividends could be restricted if it fails to comply with applicable capital requirements.

As of June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac's minimum capital requirement was $497.1 million and its core capital level was $572.6 million , which was $75.5 million above the minimum capital requirement as of that date. As of December 31, 2015, Farmer Mac's minimum capital requirement was $462.1 million and its core capital level was $564.5 million , which was $102.4 million above the minimum capital requirement as of that date.

In accordance with FCA's rule on Farmer Mac's capital planning, and as part of Farmer Mac's capital plan, Farmer Mac has adopted a policy for maintaining a sufficient level of Tier 1 capital (consisting of retained earnings, paid-in-capital, common stock, qualifying preferred stock, and accumulated other comprehensive income allocable to investments not included in one of the four operating lines of business) and imposing restrictions on Tier 1-eligible dividends and any discretionary bonus payments in the event that this capital falls below specified thresholds.


8.	FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES

As of June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac's assets and liabilities recorded at fair value included financial instruments valued at $6.7 billion whose fair values were estimated by management in the absence of readily determinable fair values (i.e., level 3). These financial instruments measured as level 3 represented 40 percent of total assets and 72 percent of financial instruments measured at fair value as of June 30, 2016 . As of December 31, 2015 , Farmer Mac's assets and liabilities recorded at fair value included financial instruments valued at $6.1 billion whose fair values were estimated by management in the absence of readily determinable fair values. These financial instruments measured as level 3 represented 39 percent of total assets and 69 percent of financial instruments measured at fair value as of December 31, 2015 .

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Net transfers in and/or out of the different levels within the fair value hierarchy are based on the fair values of the assets and liabilities as of the beginning of the reporting period. There were no transfers within the fair value hierarchy for fair value measurements of Farmer Mac's investment securities, Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, USDA Securities, and financial derivatives during the first six months of 2016 and 2015.

The following tables present information about Farmer Mac's assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively, and indicate the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques used by Farmer Mac to determine such fair value:

Table 8.1



Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value as of June 30, 2016
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(in thousands)
Recurring:
Assets:
Investment Securities:
Available-for-sale:
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	$	—	$	—	$	17,730	$	17,730
Floating rate asset-backed securities	—		59,999		—		59,999
Floating rate corporate debt securities	—		10,002		—		10,002
Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	—		1,264,317		—		1,264,317
Fixed rate GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	—		7,765		—		7,765
Floating rate GSE subordinated debt	—		65,104		—		65,104
Fixed rate senior agency debt	—		174,998		—		174,998
Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries	860,764		—		—		860,764
Total available-for-sale	860,764		1,582,185		17,730		2,460,679
Trading:
Floating rate asset-backed securities	—		—		281		281
Total trading	—		—		281		281
Total Investment Securities	860,764		1,582,185		18,011		2,460,960
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
Available-for-sale:
AgVantage	—		—		4,697,584		4,697,584
Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	—		—		33,447		33,447
Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	—		—		4,731,031		4,731,031
USDA Securities:
Available-for-sale	—		—		1,967,759		1,967,759
Trading	—		—		24,787		24,787
Total USDA Securities	—		—		1,992,546		1,992,546
Financial derivatives	—		8,242		—		8,242
Total Assets at fair value	$	860,764	$	1,590,427	$	6,741,588	$	9,192,779
Liabilities:
Financial derivatives	$	309	$	140,449	$	—	$	140,758
Total Liabilities at fair value	$	309	$	140,449	$	—	$	140,758
Nonrecurring:
Assets:
Loans held for investment	$	—	$	—	$	2,227	$	2,227
REO	—		—		630		630
Total Nonrecurring Assets at fair value	$	—	$	—	$	2,857	$	2,857

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Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value as of December 31, 2015
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(in thousands)
Recurring:
Assets:
Investment Securities:
Available-for-sale:
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	$	—	$	—	$	44,924	$	44,924
Floating rate asset-backed securities	—		73,729		—		73,729
Floating rate corporate debt securities	—		9,991		—		9,991
Fixed rate corporate debt	—		9,994		—		9,994
Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	—		1,355,459		—		1,355,459
Fixed rate GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	—		7,904		—		7,904
Floating rate GSE subordinated debt	—		66,249		—		66,249
Fixed rate senior agency debt	—		213,987		—		213,987
Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries	992,788		—		—		992,788
Total available-for-sale	992,788		1,737,313		44,924		2,775,025
Trading:
Floating rate asset-backed securities	—		—		491		491
Total trading	—		—		491		491
Total Investment Securities	992,788		1,737,313		45,415		2,775,516
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
Available-for-sale:
AgVantage	—		—		4,121,244		4,121,244
Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	—		—		31,361		31,361
Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	—		—		4,152,605		4,152,605
USDA Securities:
Available-for-sale	—		—		1,888,344		1,888,344
Trading	—		—		28,975		28,975
Total USDA Guaranteed Securities	—		—		1,917,319		1,917,319
Financial derivatives	19		3,797		—		3,816
Total Assets at fair value	$	992,807	$	1,741,110	$	6,115,339	$	8,849,256
Liabilities:
Financial derivatives	$	—	$	77,199	$	—	$	77,199
Total Liabilities at fair value	$	—	$	77,199	$	—	$	77,199
Nonrecurring:
Assets:
Loans held for investment	$	—	$	—	$	11,443	$	11,443
REO	$	—	$	—	$	388	$	388
Total Nonrecurring Assets at fair value	$	—	$	—	$	11,831	$	11,831

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The following tables present additional information about assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis for which Farmer Mac has used significant unobservable inputs to determine fair value. Net transfers in and/or out of level 3 are based on the fair values of the assets and liabilities as of the beginning of the reporting period. There were no liabilities measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.

Table 8.2



Level 3 Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2016
	Beginning Balance		Purchases		Sales			Settlements			Realized and Unrealized Gains included in Income		Unrealized Gains/(Losses) included in Other Comprehen-sive Income		Ending Balance
	(in thousands)
Recurring:
Assets:
Investment Securities:
Available-for-sale:
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	$	17,730	$	—	$	—		$	—		$	—	$	—	$	17,730
Total available-for-sale	17,730		—		—			—			—		—		17,730
Trading:
Floating rate asset-backed securities ⁽¹⁾	383		—		—			(120		)	18		—		281
Total trading	383		—		—			(120		)	18		—		281
Total Investment Securities	18,113		—		—			(120		)	18		—		18,011
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
Available-for-sale:
AgVantage	4,534,810		163,845		—			(16,699		)	13,137		2,491		4,697,584
Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	30,694		4,100		—			(2,238		)	—		891		33,447
Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	4,565,504		167,945		—			(18,937		)	13,137		3,382		4,731,031
USDA Securities:
Available-for-sale	1,908,014		129,645		(19,014		)	(97,303		)	—		46,417		1,967,759
Trading ⁽²⁾	26,869		—		—			(2,459		)	377		—		24,787
Total USDA Securities	1,934,883		129,645		(19,014		)	(99,762		)	377		46,417		1,992,546
Total Assets at fair value	$	6,518,500	$	297,590	$	(19,014	)	$	(118,819	)	$	13,532	$	49,799	$	6,741,588


⁽¹⁾	Unrealized gains are attributable to assets still held as of June 30, 2016 and are recorded in " Gains on trading securities ."


⁽²⁾	Includes unrealized gains of $0.3 million attributable to assets still held as of June 30, 2016 that are recorded in " Gains on trading securities ."

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Level 3 Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2015
	Beginning Balance		Purchases		Sales		Settlements			Realized and Unrealized Gains included in Income			Unrealized Gains/(Losses) included in Other Comprehen-sive Income			Ending Balance
	(in thousands)
Recurring:
Assets:
Investment Securities:
Available-for-sale:
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	$	40,379	$	—	$	—	$	—		$	—		$	(197	)	$	40,182
Total available-for-sale	40,379		—		—		—			—			(197		)	40,182
Trading:
Floating rate asset-backed securities ⁽¹⁾	638		—		—		(190		)	158			—			606
Total trading	638		—		—		(190		)	158			—			606
Total Investment Securities	41,017		—		—		(190		)	158			(197		)	40,788
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
Available-for-sale:
AgVantage	3,818,704		249,260		—		(9,245		)	(11,354		)	(31,165		)	4,016,200
Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	23,505		12,512		—		(1,766		)	—			757			35,008
Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	3,842,209		261,772		—		(11,011		)	(11,354		)	(30,408		)	4,051,208
USDA Securities:
Available-for-sale	1,794,844		111,421		—		(69,192		)	—			(11,667		)	1,825,406
Trading ⁽²⁾	37,593		—		—		(3,834		)	11			—			33,770
Total USDA Securities	1,832,437		111,421		—		(73,026		)	11			(11,667		)	1,859,176
Total Assets at fair value	$	5,715,663	$	373,193	$	—	$	(84,227	)	$	(11,185	)	$	(42,272	)	$	5,951,172


⁽¹⁾	Unrealized gains are attributable to assets still held as of June 30, 2015 and are recorded in " Gains on trading securities ."


⁽²⁾	Includes unrealized gains of $0.1 million attributable to assets still held as of June 30, 2015 that are recorded in " Gains on trading securities ."

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Level 3 Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2016
	Beginning Balance		Purchases		Sales			Settlements			Realized and Unrealized Gains included in Income		Unrealized Gains/(Losses) included in Other Comprehen-sive Income			Ending Balance
	(in thousands)
Recurring:
Assets:
Investment Securities:
Available-for-sale:
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	$	44,924	$	—	$	(26,806	)	$	—		$	6	$	(394	)	$	17,730
Total available-for-sale	44,924		—		(26,806		)	—			6		(394		)	17,730
Trading:
Floating rate asset-backed securities ⁽¹⁾	491		—		—			(326		)	116		—			281
Total trading	491		—		—			(326		)	116		—			281
Total Investment Securities	45,415		—		(26,806		)	(326		)	122		(394		)	18,011
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
Available-for-sale:
AgVantage	4,121,244		1,079,376		—			(529,229		)	37,435		(11,242		)	4,697,584
Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	31,361		4,100		—			(2,736		)			722			33,447
Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	4,152,605		1,083,476		—			(531,965		)	37,435		(10,520		)	4,731,031
USDA Securities:
Available-for-sale	1,888,344		228,613		(22,662		)	(181,490		)	—		54,954			1,967,759
Trading ⁽²⁾	28,975		—		—			(4,824		)	636		—			24,787
Total USDA Securities	1,917,319		228,613		(22,662		)	(186,314		)	636		54,954			1,992,546
Total Assets at fair value	$	6,115,339	$	1,312,089	$	(49,468	)	$	(718,605	)	$	38,193	$	44,040		$	6,741,588


⁽¹⁾	Unrealized gains are attributable to assets still held as of June 30, 2016 and are recorded in " Gains on trading securities ."


⁽²⁾	Includes unrealized gains of $ 0.6 million attributable to assets still held as of June 30, 2016 that are recorded in " Gains on trading securities ."

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Level 3 Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
	Beginning Balance		Purchases		Sales		Settlements			Realized and Unrealized Gains included in Income			Unrealized Gains/(Losses) included in Other Comprehen-sive Income			Ending Balance
	(in thousands)
Recurring:
Assets:
Investment Securities:
Available-for-sale:
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	$	40,576	$	—	$	—	$	—		$	—		$	(394	)	$	40,182
Total available-for-sale	40,576		—		—		—			—			(394		)	40,182
Trading:
Floating rate asset-backed securities ⁽¹⁾	689		—		—		(437		)	354			—			606
Total trading	689		—		—		(437		)	354			—			606
Total Investment Securities	41,265		—		—		(437		)	354			(394		)	40,788
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
Available-for-sale:
AgVantage	3,631,662		464,175		—		(66,997		)	(2,478		)	(10,162		)	4,016,200
Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	27,619		12,512		—		(6,418		)	—			1,295			35,008
Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	3,659,281		476,687		—		(73,415		)	(2,478		)	(8,867		)	4,051,208
USDA Securities:
Available-for-sale	1,731,222		200,607		—		(133,383		)	—			26,960			1,825,406
Trading ⁽²⁾	40,310		—		—		(6,717		)	177			—			33,770
Total USDA Securities	1,771,532		200,607		—		(140,100		)	177			26,960			1,859,176
Total Assets at fair value	$	5,472,078	$	677,294	$	—	$	(213,952	)	$	(1,947	)	$	17,699		$	5,951,172


⁽¹⁾	Unrealized gains are attributable to assets still held as of June 30, 2015 and are recorded in " Gains on trading securities ."


⁽²⁾	Includes unrealized gains of $ 0.2 million attributable to assets still held as of June 30, 2015 that are recorded in " Gains on trading securities ."

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The following tables present additional information about the significant unobservable inputs, such as discount rates and constant prepayment rates ("CPR"), used in the fair value measurements categorized in level 3 of the fair value hierarchy as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 .

Table 8.3



	As of June 30, 2016
Financial Instruments	Fair Value		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Input	Range (Weighted-Average)
	(in thousands)
Assets:
Investment securities:
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	$	17,730	Indicative bids	Range of broker quotes	90.0% - 90.0% (90.0%)
Floating rate asset-backed securities	$	281	Discounted cash flow	Discount rate	29.7% - 32.0% (31.2%)
				CPR	10.0%
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
AgVantage	$	4,697,584	Discounted cash flow	Discount rate	1.2% - 2.5% (1.7%)
Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	$	33,447	Discounted cash flow	Discount rate	1.2% - 4.1% (1.7%)
				CPR	9% - 23% (12%)
USDA Securities	$	1,992,546	Discounted cash flow	Discount rate	1.8% - 5.0% (3.0%)
				CPR	0% - 22% (10%)



	As of December 31, 2015
Financial Instruments	Fair Value		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Input	Range (Weighted-Average)
	(in thousands)
Assets:
Investment securities:
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	$	44,924	Indicative bids	Range of broker quotes	92.0% - 99.6% (96.6%)
Floating rate asset-backed securities	$	491	Discounted cash flow	Discount rate	18.3% - 23.9% (21.5%)
				CPR	10.0%
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
AgVantage	$	4,121,244	Discounted cash flow	Discount rate	1.1% - 3.3% (1.8%)
Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	$	31,361	Discounted cash flow	Discount rate	1.0% - 3.9% (1.8%)
				CPR	9% - 20% (10.0%)
USDA Securities	$	1,917,319	Discounted cash flow	Discount rate	1.3% - 5.1% (3.1%)
				CPR	0% - 19% (7.0%)

The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities are prepayment rates and discount rates commensurate with the risks involved. Typically, significant increases (decreases) in any of these inputs in isolation may result in materially lower (higher) fair value measurements. Generally, in a rising interest rate environment, Farmer Mac would expect average discount rates to increase and would likely expect a corresponding decrease in forecasted prepayment rates. Conversely, in a declining interest rate environment, Farmer Mac would expect average discount rates to decrease and would likely expect a corresponding increase in forecasted prepayment rates. Prepayment rates are not presented in the table above for AgVantage securities because they generally do not pay down principal based on amortization schedules but instead typically have fixed maturity dates when the secured general obligations are due.

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Disclosures on Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The following table sets forth the estimated fair values and carrying values for financial assets, liabilities, and guarantees and commitments as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 :

Table 8.4



	As of June 30, 2016				As of December 31, 2015
	Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount
	(in thousands)
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,764,626	$	1,764,626	$	1,210,084	$	1,210,084
Investment securities	2,460,960		2,460,960		2,775,516		2,775,516
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	6,135,080		6,119,755		5,434,422		5,426,621
USDA Securities	1,992,546		1,992,546		1,917,319		1,917,319
Loans	4,343,577		4,195,295		4,027,660		3,962,044
Financial derivatives	8,242		8,242		3,816		3,816
Guarantee and commitment fees receivable:
LTSPCs	29,518		31,968		31,953		31,240
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	7,248		7,685		8,872		8,949
Financial liabilities:
Notes payable:
Due within one year	10,128,930		10,125,269		9,108,468		9,111,461
Due after one year	4,875,304		4,722,814		5,009,310		4,967,036
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties	953,120		928,050		713,316		713,536
Financial derivatives	140,758		140,758		77,199		77,199
Guarantee and commitment obligations:
LTSPCs	28,680		31,130		31,015		30,301
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	6,548		6,985		8,230		8,308

The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents is a reasonable estimate of their approximate fair value and is classified as level 1 within the fair value hierarchy. Investment securities primarily are valued based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets and are classified as level 2 within the fair value hierarchy. Farmer Mac internally models the fair value of its loan portfolio, including loans held for sale, loans held for investment and loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, and USDA Securities by discounting the projected cash flows of these instruments at projected interest rates. The fair values are based on the present value of expected cash flows using management's best estimate of certain key assumptions, which include prepayment speeds, forward yield curves and discount rates commensurate with the risks involved. These fair value measurements do not take into consideration the fair value of the underlying property and are classified as level 3 within the fair value hierarchy. Financial derivatives primarily are valued using unadjusted counterparty valuations and are classified as level 2 within the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of the guarantee fees receivable/obligation and debt securities of consolidated trusts are estimated based on the present value of expected future cash flows of the underlying mortgage assets using management's best estimate of certain key assumptions, which include prepayments speeds, forward yield curves, and discount rates commensurate with the risks involved and are classified as level 3 within the fair value hierarchy. Notes payable are valued by discounting the expected cash flows of these instruments using a yield curve derived from market prices observed for similar agency securities and are

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also classified as level 3 within the fair value hierarchy. Because the cash flows of Farmer Mac's financial instruments may be interest rate path dependent, estimated fair values and projected discount rates for level 3 financial instruments are derived using a Monte Carlo simulation model. Different market assumptions and estimation methodologies could significantly affect estimated fair value amounts.

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9.	BUSINESS SEGMENT REPORTING

The following tables present core earnings for Farmer Mac's reportable operating segments and a reconciliation to consolidated net income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 :

Table 9.1



Core Earnings by Business Segment
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2016
	Farm & Ranch			USDA Guarantees			Rural Utilities			Institutional Credit			Corporate			Reconciling Adjustments				Consolidated Net Income
	(in thousands)
Net interest income	$	11,606		$	4,938		$	2,855		$	12,109		$	2,850		$	—			$	34,358
Less: reconciling adjustments ^(1)(2)(3)	(1,731		)	(350		)	(293		)	(702		)	(256		)	3,332				—
Net effective spread	9,875			4,588			2,562			11,407			2,594			3,332				—
Guarantee and commitment fees ⁽²⁾	3,965			14			373			458			—			(1,155		)		3,655
Other income/(expense) ⁽³⁾⁽⁴⁾	78			25			—			—			(228		)	(3,764		)		(3,889		)
Non-interest income/(loss)	4,043			39			373			458			(228		)	(4,919		)		(234		)

Provision for loan losses	(364		)	—			—			—			—			—				(364		)

Provision for losses	(94		)	—			—			—			—			—				(94		)
Other non-interest expense	(4,112		)	(1,092		)	(830		)	(538		)	(3,408		)	—				(9,980		)
Non-interest expense ⁽⁵⁾	(4,206		)	(1,092		)	(830		)	(538		)	(3,408		)	—				(10,074		)
Core earnings before income taxes	9,348			3,535			2,105			11,327			(1,042		)	(1,587		)	⁽⁶⁾	23,686
Income tax (expense)/benefit	(3,272		)	(1,237		)	(737		)	(3,964		)	254			556				(8,400		)
Core earnings before preferred stock dividends and attribution of income to non-controlling interest - preferred stock dividends	6,076			2,298			1,368			7,363			(788		)	(1,031		)	⁽⁶⁾	15,286
Preferred stock dividends	—			—			—			—			(3,296		)	—				(3,296		)
Non-controlling interest - preferred stock dividends	—			—			—			—			16			—				16
Segment core earnings/(losses)	$	6,076		$	2,298		$	1,368		$	7,363		$	(4,068	)	$	(1,031	)	⁽⁶⁾	$	12,006

Total assets at carrying value	$	3,311,270		$	2,046,516		$	1,023,630		$	6,071,924		$	4,369,850		$	—			$	16,823,190
Total on- and off-balance sheet program assets at principal balance	$	5,830,533		$	1,960,358		$	1,934,473		$	7,391,172					—				$	17,116,536


⁽¹⁾	Excludes the amortization of premiums and discounts on assets consolidated at fair value, originally included in interest income, to reflect core earnings amounts.


⁽²⁾	Includes the reclassification of interest income and interest expense from consolidated trusts owned by third parties to guarantee and commitment fees, to reflect management's view that the net interest income Farmer Mac earns is effectively a guarantee fee.


⁽³⁾	Includes the reclassification of interest expense related to interest rate swaps not designated as hedges, which are included in " (Losses)/gains on financial derivatives and hedging activities " on the consolidated financial statements, to determine the effective funding cost for each operating segment.


⁽⁴⁾	Includes reconciling adjustments for fair value adjustments on financial derivatives and trading assets. Also includes a reconciling adjustment related to the recognition of deferred gains over the estimated lives of certain Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities.


⁽⁵⁾	Includes directly attributable costs and an allocation of indirectly attributable costs based on headcount.


⁽⁶⁾	Net adjustments to reconcile core earnings before income taxes; core earnings before preferred stock dividends and attribution of income to non-controlling interest; and segment core earnings to corresponding income measures: income before income taxes, net income, and net income attributable to common stockholders, respectively.

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Core Earnings by Business Segment
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2015
	Farm & Ranch			USDA Guarantees			Rural Utilities			Institutional Credit			Corporate			Reconciling Adjustments				Consolidated Net Income
	(in thousands)
Net interest income	$	10,757		$	4,643		$	3,153		$	11,312		$	1,999		$	—			$	31,864
Less: reconciling adjustments ^(1)(2)(3)	(1,076		)	(177		)	(315		)	(452		)	(57		)	2,077				—
Net effective spread	9,681			4,466			2,838			10,860			1,942			2,077				—
Guarantee and commitment fees ⁽²⁾	3,693			8			—			384			—			(697		)		3,388
Other income/(expense) ⁽³⁾⁽⁴⁾	160			28			—			—			(212		)	14,843				14,819
Non-interest income/(loss)	3,853			36			—			384			(212		)	14,146				18,207

Provision for loan losses	(110		)	—			—			—			—			—				(110		)

Provision for losses	(1,146		)	—			—			—			—			—				(1,146		)
Other non-interest expense	(4,304		)	(1,025		)	(860		)	(532		)	(2,986		)	—				(9,707		)
Non-interest expense ⁽⁵⁾	(5,450		)	(1,025		)	(860		)	(532		)	(2,986		)	—				(10,853		)
Core earnings before income taxes	7,974			3,477			1,978			10,712			(1,256		)	16,223			⁽⁶⁾	39,108
Income tax (expense)/benefit	(2,791		)	(1,216		)	(691		)	(3,749		)	356			(5,678		)		(13,769		)
Core earnings before preferred stock dividends and attribution of income to non-controlling interest - preferred stock dividends	5,183			2,261			1,287			6,963			(900		)	10,545			⁽⁶⁾	25,339
Preferred stock dividends	—			—			—			—			(3,296		)	—				(3,296		)
Non-controlling interest - preferred stock dividends	—			—			—			—			119			—				119
Segment core earnings/(losses)	$	5,183		$	2,261		$	1,287		$	6,963		$	(4,077	)	$	10,545		⁽⁶⁾	$	22,162

Total assets at carrying value	$	2,780,018		$	1,913,390		$	962,702		$	5,874,088		$	3,614,399		$	—			$	15,144,597
Total on- and off-balance sheet program assets at principal balance	$	5,485,570		$	1,862,430		$	954,188		$	6,827,939					—				$	15,130,127


⁽¹⁾	Excludes the amortization of premiums and discounts on assets consolidated at fair value, originally included in interest income, to reflect core earnings amounts.


⁽²⁾	Includes the reclassification of interest income and interest expense from consolidated trusts owned by third parties to guarantee and commitment fees, to reflect management's view that the net interest income Farmer Mac earns is effectively a guarantee fee.


⁽³⁾	Includes the reclassification of interest expense related to interest rate swaps not designated as hedges, which are included in " (Losses)/gains on financial derivatives and hedging activities " on the consolidated financial statements, to determine the effective funding cost for each operating segment.


⁽⁴⁾	Includes reconciling adjustments for fair value adjustments on financial derivatives and trading assets. Also includes a reconciling adjustment related to the recognition of deferred gains over the estimated lives of certain Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities.


⁽⁵⁾	Includes directly attributable costs and an allocation of indirectly attributable costs based on headcount.


⁽⁶⁾	Net adjustments to reconcile core earnings before income taxes; core earnings before preferred stock dividends and attribution of income to non-controlling interest; and segment core earnings to corresponding income measures: income before income taxes, net income, and net income attributable to common stockholders, respectively.

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Core Earnings by Business Segment
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2016
	Farm & Ranch			USDA Guarantees			Rural Utilities			Institutional Credit			Corporate			Reconciling Adjustments				Consolidated Net Income
	(in thousands)
Net interest income	$	22,733		$	9,990		$	5,719		$	23,858		$	5,698		$	—			$	67,998
Less: reconciling adjustments ^(1)(2)(3)	(3,397		)	(1,094		)	(619		)	(1,361		)	(552		)	7,023				—
Net effective spread	19,336			8,896			5,100			22,497			5,146			7,023				—
Guarantee and commitment fees ⁽²⁾	7,874			21			668			916			—			(2,198		)		7,281
Other income/(expense) ⁽³⁾⁽⁴⁾	175			83			—			—			(900		)	(9,579		)		(10,221		)
Non-interest income/(loss)	8,049			104			668			916			(900		)	(11,777		)		(2,940		)

Provision for loan losses	(413		)	—			—			—			—			—				(413		)

Provision for losses	(108		)	—			—			—			—			—				(108		)
Other non-interest expense	(8,273		)	(2,185		)	(1,661		)	(1,077		)	(6,736		)	—				(19,932		)
Non-interest expense ⁽⁵⁾	(8,381		)	(2,185		)	(1,661		)	(1,077		)	(6,736		)	—				(20,040		)
Core earnings before income taxes	18,591			6,815			4,107			22,336			(2,490		)	(4,754		)	⁽⁶⁾	44,605
Income tax (expense)/benefit	(6,508		)	(2,385		)	(1,438		)	(7,816		)	747			1,665				(15,735		)
Core earnings before preferred stock dividends and attribution of income to non-controlling interest - preferred stock dividends	12,083			4,430			2,669			14,520			(1,743		)	(3,089		)	⁽⁶⁾	28,870
Preferred stock dividends	—			—			—			—			(6,591		)	—				(6,591		)
Non-controlling interest - preferred stock dividends	—			—			—			—			44			—				44
Segment core earnings/(losses)	$	12,083		$	4,430		$	2,669		$	14,520		$	(8,290	)	$	(3,089	)	⁽⁶⁾	$	22,323

Total assets at carrying value	$	3,311,270		$	2,046,516		$	1,023,630		$	6,071,924		$	4,369,850		$	—			$	16,823,190
Total on- and off-balance sheet program assets at principal balance	$	5,830,533		$	1,960,358		$	1,934,473		$	7,391,172					—				$	17,116,536


⁽¹⁾	Excludes the amortization of premiums and discounts on assets consolidated at fair value, originally included in interest income, to reflect core earnings amounts.


⁽²⁾	Includes the reclassification of interest income and interest expense from consolidated trusts owned by third parties to guarantee and commitment fees, to reflect management's view that the net interest income Farmer Mac earns is effectively a guarantee fee.


⁽³⁾	Includes the reclassification of interest expense related to interest rate swaps not designated as hedges, which are included in " (Losses)/gains on financial derivatives and hedging activities " on the consolidated financial statements, to determine the effective funding cost for each operating segment.


⁽⁴⁾	Includes reconciling adjustments for fair value adjustments on financial derivatives and trading assets. Also includes a reconciling adjustment related to the recognition of deferred gains over the estimated lives of certain Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities.


⁽⁵⁾	Includes directly attributable costs and an allocation of indirectly attributable costs based on headcount.


⁽⁶⁾	Net adjustments to reconcile core earnings before income taxes; core earnings before preferred stock dividends and attribution of income to non-controlling interest; and segment core earnings to corresponding income measures: income before income taxes, net income, and net income attributable to common stockholders, respectively.

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Core Earnings by Business Segment
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
	Farm & Ranch			USDA Guarantees			Rural Utilities			Institutional Credit			Corporate			Reconciling Adjustments				Consolidated Net Income
	(in thousands)
Net interest income	$	21,988		$	8,987		$	5,611		$	22,304		$	3,763		$	—			$	62,653
Less: reconciling adjustments ^(1)(2)(3)	(2,193		)	(296		)	31			(1,019		)	(132		)	3,609				—
Net effective spread	19,795			8,691			5,642			21,285			3,631			3,609
Guarantee and commitment fees ⁽²⁾	7,326			2			—			769			—			(1,332		)		6,765
Other income/(expense) ⁽³⁾⁽⁴⁾	247			87			—			—			(764		)	12,347				11,917
Non-interest income/(loss)	7,573			89			—			769			(764		)	11,015				18,682

Provision for loan losses	(186		)	—			—			—			—			—				(186		)

Provision for losses	(374		)	—			—			—			—			—				(374		)
Other non-interest expense	(8,630		)	(1,410		)	(1,726		)	(1,067		)	(5,989		)	—				(18,822		)
Non-interest expense ⁽⁵⁾	(9,004		)	(1,410		)	(1,726		)	(1,067		)	(5,989		)	—				(19,196		)
Core earnings before income taxes	18,178			7,370			3,916			20,987			(3,122		)	14,624			⁽⁶⁾	61,953
Income tax (expense)/benefit	(6,362		)	(2,579		)	(1,369		)	(7,345		)	2,872			(3,217		)		(18,000		)
Core earnings before preferred stock dividends and attribution of income to non-controlling interest - preferred stock dividends	11,816			4,791			2,547			13,642			(250		)	11,407			⁽⁶⁾	43,953
Preferred stock dividends	—			—			—			—			(6,591		)	—				(6,591		)
Non-controlling interest - preferred stock dividends	—			—			—			—			(5,235		)	—				(5,235		)
Loss on retirement of preferred stock	—			—			—			—			—			(8,147		)		(8,147		)
Segment core earnings/(losses)	$	11,816		$	4,791		$	2,547		$	13,642		$	(12,076	)	$	3,260		⁽⁶⁾	$	23,980

Total assets at carrying value	$	2,780,018		$	1,913,390		$	962,702		$	5,874,088		$	3,614,399		$	—			$	15,144,597
Total on- and off-balance sheet program assets at principal balance	$	5,485,570		$	1,862,430		$	954,188		$	6,827,939					—				$	15,130,127


⁽¹⁾	Excludes the amortization of premiums and discounts on assets consolidated at fair value, originally included in interest income, to reflect core earnings amounts.


⁽²⁾	Includes the reclassification of interest income and interest expense from consolidated trusts owned by third parties to guarantee and commitment fees, to reflect the net interest income Farmer Mac earns is effectively a guarantee fee.


⁽³⁾	Includes the reclassification of interest expense related to interest rate swaps not designated as hedges, which are included in " (Losses)/gains on financial derivatives and hedging activities " on the consolidated financial statements, to determine the effective funding cost for each operating segment.


⁽⁴⁾	Includes reconciling adjustments for fair value adjustments on financial derivatives and trading assets. Also includes a reconciling adjustment related to the recognition of deferred gains over the estimated lives of certain Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities.


⁽⁵⁾	Includes directly attributable costs and an allocation of indirectly attributable costs based on headcount.


⁽⁶⁾	Net adjustments to reconcile core earnings before income taxes; core earnings before preferred stock dividends and attribution of income to non-controlling interest; and segment core earnings to corresponding income measures: income before income taxes, net income, and net income attributable to common stockholders, respectively.

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Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Financial information included in this report is consolidated to include the accounts of Farmer Mac and its three subsidiaries – Farmer Mac Mortgage Securities Corporation, Farmer Mac II LLC, and Contour Valuation Services, LLC (which began doing business as AgVisory during first quarter 2016) ("AgVisory"). This discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations should be read together with: (1) the interim unaudited consolidated financial statements and the related notes that appear elsewhere in this report; and (2) Farmer Mac's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 filed with the SEC on March 10, 2016.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Some statements made in this report, and in particular in the "Management's Discussion & Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" section, are "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 pertaining to management's current expectations as to Farmer Mac's future financial results, business prospects, and business developments. Forward-looking statements include, without limitation, any statement that may predict, forecast, indicate, or imply future results, performance, or achievements. These statements typically are accompanied by, and identified with, terms such as "anticipates," "believes," "expects," "intends," "plans," "potential," "may," "should," and similar phrases. This report includes forward-looking statements addressing Farmer Mac's:


•	prospects for earnings;


•	prospects for growth in business volume;


•	trends in net interest income and net effective spread;


•	trends in portfolio credit quality, delinquencies, and provisions for losses;


•	trends in expenses;


•	trends in investment securities;


•	prospects for asset impairments and allowance for losses;


•	changes in capital position; and


•	other business and financial matters.

Management's expectations for Farmer Mac's future necessarily involve a number of assumptions and estimates and the evaluation of risks and uncertainties. Various factors or events, both known and unknown, could cause Farmer Mac's actual results to differ materially from the expectations as expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements, including the factors discussed under "Risk Factors" in Part I, Item 1A of Farmer Mac's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal period ended December 31, 2015 filed with the SEC on March 10, 2016, and uncertainties regarding:


•	the availability to Farmer Mac of debt and equity financing and, if available, the reasonableness of rates and terms;


•	legislative or regulatory developments that could affect Farmer Mac, its sources of business, or the agricultural sector or the rural utilities industry;


•	fluctuations in the fair value of assets held by Farmer Mac and its subsidiaries;

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•	the rate and direction of development of the secondary market for agricultural mortgage and rural utilities loans, including lender interest in Farmer Mac's products and the secondary market provided by Farmer Mac;


•	the general rate of growth in agricultural mortgage and rural utilities indebtedness;


•	the impact of economic conditions, including the effects of drought and other weather-related conditions and fluctuations in agricultural real estate values, on agricultural mortgage lending and borrower repayment capacity;


•	developments in the financial markets, including possible investor, analyst, and rating agency reactions to events involving government-sponsored enterprises, including Farmer Mac;


•	changes in the level and direction of interest rates, which could, among other things, affect the value of collateral securing Farmer Mac's agricultural mortgage loan assets;


•	the degree to which Farmer Mac is exposed to basis risk, which results from fluctuations in Farmer Mac's borrowing costs relative to market indexes such as LIBOR; and


•	volatility in commodity prices relative to costs of production and/or export demand for U.S. agricultural products.

In light of these potential risks and uncertainties, no undue reliance should be placed on any forward-looking statements expressed in this report. Furthermore, Farmer Mac undertakes no obligation to release publicly the results of revisions to any forward-looking statements that may be made to reflect new information or any future events or circumstances, except as otherwise mandated by the SEC. The information contained in this report is not necessarily indicative of future results.

Overview

In second quarter 2016, Farmer Mac increased its outstanding business volume by $0.9 billion , to $17.1 billion , driven primarily by the addition of $0.4 billion of loans added under LTSPCs in the Rural Utilities line of business, net portfolio growth of $0.3 billion in the Institutional Credit line of business, and net portfolio growth of $0.2 billion in Farm & Ranch loans. Farmer Mac's overall credit quality remained stable during second quarter 2016, as substandard assets and the total allowance for losses increased modestly and 90-day delinquencies decreased due to several delinquent loans being cured or paid off in full at par. The discussion below of Farmer Mac's financial information includes measures of financial performance that are not presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (GAAP), and these are considered "non-GAAP" measures. For more information about the non-GAAP measures Farmer Mac uses, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Use of Non-GAAP Measures."

Net Income and Core Earnings

Farmer Mac's net income attributable to common stockholders for second quarter 2016 was $12.0 million , compared to $22.2 million for second quarter 2015. The decrease was primarily attributable to the effects of unrealized fair value changes on financial derivatives and hedged assets, which was a $1.3 million after-tax loss in second quarter 2016 , compared to a $10.4 million after-tax gain in second quarter 2015. For more information about changes in net income attributable to common stockholders, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Results of Operations."

Farmer Mac's non-GAAP core earnings for second quarter 2016 were $13.0 million , compared to $12.4 million in first quarter 2016 and $11.6 million in in second quarter 2015 . The $0.6 million sequential

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quarterly increase in core earnings was primarily attributable to higher total revenues, which included a $0.7 million after-tax increase in net effective spread and a $0.1 million after-tax increase in guarantee and commitment fees. The increase was offset in part by an increase in credit-related expenses of $0.2 million after-tax due to higher provisions to the allowance for losses in second quarter 2016 compared to first quarter 2016. Operating expenses were relatively flat sequentially, as higher general and administrative expenses related to continued technology and business infrastructure investments and expenses associated with business development efforts and other corporate initiatives were offset by lower compensation costs in second quarter 2016. These lower compensation costs were due to a decrease in stock compensation expense, which reflects the absence of the costs associated with the annual vesting of stock-based awards that occurred in first quarter 2016.

The year-over-year $1.4 million increase in core earnings was primarily attributable to increases in net effective spread of $0.8 million after-tax and guarantee and commitment fee income of $0.5 million after-tax. Also contributing to the increase compared to last year was a decrease in credit-related expenses, which decreased year-over-year as provisions to the allowance for losses were $0.3 million after-tax in second quarter 2016 compared to provisions of $0.8 million after-tax in second quarter 2015. Operating expenses increased by $0.2 million after-tax driven by higher general and administrative expenses related to continued technology and business infrastructure investments and expenses associated with business development efforts and other corporate initiatives. The increase in operating expenses was offset by lower compensation costs in second quarter 2016 resulting from lower payouts of variable incentive compensation compared to second quarter 2015.

Fair value changes on derivatives do not affect core earnings. For more information about the composition of core earnings and a reconciliation of net income attributable to common stockholders to core earnings, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Results of Operations." For more information about the non-GAAP measures Farmer Mac uses, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Use of Non-GAAP Measures."

Net Interest Income and Net Effective Spread

Net interest income was $34.4 million in second quarter 2016 compared to $31.9 million in second quarter 2015. In percentage terms, net interest income for second quarter 2016 was 0.88 percent compared to 0.90 percent in second quarter 2015. The year-over-year increase in dollars was due to several factors. One factor was the impact of an increase in short-term interest rates on assets and liabilities indexed to LIBOR due to the Federal Reserve's decision to raise the target range for the federal funds rate in fourth quarter 2015. This effect on net interest income occurred because interest expense used to calculate net interest income does not include all the funding expenses related to these assets, specifically the expense on undesignated financial derivatives. Alternatively, the increase in short-term rates on assets and liabilities indexed to LIBOR would not have a similar effect on net effective spread as described below because net effective spread includes interest expense from all funding related to such assets, including interest expense from undesignated financial derivatives. Also contributing to the year-over-year increase in net interest income was growth in outstanding business volume, an increase in cash basis interest income received on non-accruing Farm & Ranch loans, and an increase in securitization activity of Farm & Ranch loans during 2015 and the first half of 2016. The year-over-year decrease in net interest income in percentage terms primarily related to a tighter spread on a large AgVantage security that was refinanced at a shorter maturity than the original security and a higher average balance maintained in lower-earning

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cash and investment securities in the first half of 2016 compared to the first half of 2015 to increase Farmer Mac's liquidity position.

Net effective spread, a non-GAAP measure, was $31.0 million in second quarter 2016, compared to $29.9 million in first quarter 2016 and $29.8 million in second quarter 2015. In percentage terms, net effective spread for second quarter 2016 was 0.84 percent , compared to 0.82 percent in first quarter 2016 and 0.88 percent in second quarter 2015. Farmer Mac uses net effective spread as an alternative measure to net interest income because management believes it is a useful metric that accurately reflects the economics of the net spread between all the assets owned by Farmer Mac and all related funding, including any associated derivatives, some of which may not be reflected in net interest income under GAAP. For more information about the non-GAAP measures Farmer Mac uses, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Use of Non-GAAP Measures."

The sequential increase in quarterly net effective spread in both dollar and percentage terms was primarily due to (1) lower LIBOR-based funding costs for floating rate assets indexed to LIBOR due to adjustments in Farmer Mac's funding strategies for these types of assets and (2) an increase in cash basis interest income received on non-accruing Farm & Ranch loans. A higher average balance of AgVantage securities during second quarter 2016 also contributed to the sequential growth in dollars of net effective spread. The year-over year decrease in quarterly net effective spread in percentage terms was due to a tighter spread on a large AgVantage security that was refinanced at a shorter maturity than the original security and a higher average balance maintained in lower-earning cash and investment securities in the first half of 2016 compared to the first half of 2015 to increase Farmer Mac's liquidity position. The year-over-year increase in dollars was primarily attributable to growth in outstanding business volume and an increase in cash basis interest income received on non-accruing Farm & Ranch loans.

For a reconciliation of net interest income to net effective spread, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Results of Operations—Net Interest Income."

Business Volume

Farmer Mac added $1.3 billion of new business volume during second quarter 2016. The new business volume included Rural Utilities loans added under LTSPCs of $421.4 million , purchases of $396.2 million of AgVantage securities, purchases of $241.1 million of newly originated Farm & Ranch loans, purchases of $110.6 million of USDA Securities, Farm & Ranch loans added under LTSPCs of $58.2 million , issuance of $23.1 million of Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities, and purchases of Rural Utilities loans of $10.0 million . Taking into account maturities and paydowns on existing assets, Farmer Mac's outstanding business volume was $17.1 billion as of June 30, 2016 , an increase of $0.9 billion from March 31, 2016, $1.2 billion from December 31, 2015 , and an increase of $2.0 billion compared to June 30, 2015.

Capital

As of June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac's core capital level was $572.6 million , $75.5 million above the minimum capital level required by Farmer Mac's statutory charter. As of December 31, 2015 , Farmer Mac's core capital level was $564.5 million , which was $102.4 million above the minimum capital requirement. The decrease in capital in excess of the minimum capital level was due primarily to an increase in minimum capital required to support the growth of on-balance sheet assets during the first half of 2016.

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Farmer Mac's board of directors approved a share repurchase program during third quarter 2015 authorizing Farmer Mac to repurchase up to $25 million of its outstanding Class C non-voting common stock through September 2017. Farmer Mac did not repurchase any shares during second quarter 2016 under this program. As of June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac had repurchased approximately 668,000 shares of Class C non-voting common stock at a cost of approximately $19.6 million under the share repurchase program.

Credit Quality

Farmer Mac continued to maintain stable credit quality, as substandard assets and the total allowance for losses in terms of both dollars and percentage of the Farm & Ranch portfolio increased modestly from their respective levels as of March 31, 2016. The provision to the allowance for losses of $0.5 million during second quarter 2016 primarily related to the establishment of a specific reserve for a long-standing impaired loan due to collateral shortfalls relative to the unpaid principal balance and an increase in the specific allowance for on-balance sheet impaired loans resulting from a modest increase in the outstanding balance of such loans.

As of June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac's 90-day delinquencies were $22.1 million ( 0.38 of the Farm & Ranch portfolio), compared to $32.1 million ( 0.56 percent of the Farm & Ranch portfolio) as of December 31, 2015, and $31.9 million ( 0.58 percent of the Farm & Ranch portfolio) as of June 30, 2015 . The decrease in 90-day delinquencies from year-end primarily related to (1) the workout in January 2016 of two Agricultural Storage and Processing loans that financed one canola facility and (2) the receipt by Farmer Mac of funds in the amount of $5.0 million to pay off a long-standing delinquent timber loan. In July 2016, Farmer Mac also received funds in the amount of $1.0 million to pay off another delinquent timber loan with the same borrower. For more information about Farmer Mac's credit metrics, including 90-day delinquencies, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Risk Management—Credit Risk – Loans and Guarantees."

Use of Non-GAAP Measures

In the accompanying analysis of its financial information, Farmer Mac sometimes uses measures of financial performance that are not presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (GAAP), and these are considered "non-GAAP measures." Specifically, Farmer Mac uses the following non-GAAP measures: "core earnings," "core earnings per share," and "net effective spread." Farmer Mac uses these non-GAAP measures to measure corporate economic performance and develop financial plans because, in management's view, they are useful alternative measures in understanding Farmer Mac's economic performance, transaction economics, and business trends.

The non-GAAP financial measures that Farmer Mac uses may not be comparable to similarly labeled non-GAAP financial measures disclosed by other companies. Farmer Mac's disclosure of these non-GAAP measures is intended to be supplemental in nature, and is not meant to be considered in isolation from, as a substitute for, or as more important than, the related financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP.

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Core Earnings and Core Earnings per Share

Core earnings and core earnings per share principally differ from net income attributable to common stockholders and earnings per common share, respectively, by excluding the effects of fair value fluctuations, which are not expected to have a cumulative net impact on financial condition or results of operations reported in accordance with GAAP if the related financial instruments are held to maturity, as is generally expected. Core earnings and core earnings per share also differ from net income attributable to common stockholders and earnings per common share, respectively, by excluding specified infrequent or unusual transactions that Farmer Mac believes are not indicative of future operating results and that may not reflect the trends and economic financial performance of Farmer Mac's core business. For example, the loss from retirement of the Farmer Mac II LLC Preferred Stock in first quarter 2015 has been excluded from core earnings and core earnings per share because it is not a frequently occurring transaction and not indicative of future operating results. This is also consistent with Farmer Mac's previous treatment of these types of origination costs associated with securities underwriting that are capitalized and deferred during the life of the security. For a reconciliation of Farmer Mac's net income attributable to common stockholders to core earnings and of earnings per common share to core earnings per share, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Results of Operations."

Net Effective Spread

Farmer Mac uses net effective spread to measure the net spread Farmer Mac earns between its interest-earning assets and the related net funding costs of these assets. Net effective spread differs from net interest income and net interest yield because it excludes: (1) the amortization of premiums and discounts on assets consolidated at fair value; and (2) interest income and interest expense related to consolidated trusts with beneficial interests owned by third parties, which are presented on Farmer Mac's consolidated balance sheets as " Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost ." Farmer Mac excludes from net effective spread the premiums and discounts on assets consolidated at fair value that are amortized as adjustments to yield in interest income over the contractual or estimated remaining lives of the underlying assets because they either do not reflect actual cash premiums paid for the assets at acquisition or are not expected to have an economic effect on Farmer Mac's financial performance if the assets are held to maturity, as is generally expected. Farmer Mac excludes from net effective spread the interest income and interest expense associated with the consolidated trusts, which have been reclassified from net interest income to guarantee and commitment fees, and the average balance of the loans underlying these trusts to reflect management's view that the net interest income Farmer Mac earns is effectively a guarantee fee on the resulting Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities.

Net effective spread also principally differs from net interest income and net interest yield because it includes the accrual of income and expense related to the contractual amounts due on financial derivatives that are not designated in hedge accounting relationships ("undesignated financial derivatives").

Farmer Mac uses interest rate swaps to manage its interest rate risk exposure by synthetically modifying the interest rate reset or maturity characteristics of certain assets and liabilities. The accrual of the contractual amounts due on interest rate swaps designated in hedge accounting relationships is included as an adjustment to the yield or cost of the hedged item and is included in net interest income. For undesignated financial derivatives, Farmer Mac records the income or expense related to the accrual of the contractual amounts due in " (Losses)/gains on financial derivatives and hedging activities " on the consolidated statements of operations. However, the accrual of the contractual amounts due for undesignated financial derivatives are included in Farmer Mac's calculation of net effective spread, which

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is intended to reflect management's view of the net spread between an asset and all of its related funding, including any associated derivatives, whether or not they are in a hedge accounting relationship. For a reconciliation of net interest income and net interest yield to net effective spread, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Results of Operations—Net Interest Income."

Results of Operations

Farmer Mac's net income attributable to common stockholders for the three months ended June 30, 2016 was $12.0 million , or $1.13 per diluted common share, compared to $22.2 million , or $1.94 per diluted common share, for the same period in 2015 . For the six months ended June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac's net income attributable to common stockholders was $22.3 million , or $2.07 per diluted common share, compared to $24.0 million , or $2.11 per diluted common share, for the same period in 2015. Farmer Mac's non-GAAP core earnings for the three months ended June 30, 2016 were $13.0 million , or $1.23 per diluted common share, compared to $11.6 million , or $ 1.02 per diluted common share, for the same period in 2015 . Farmer Mac's non-GAAP core earnings for the six months ended June 30, 2016 were $25.4 million , or $2.35 per diluted common share, compared to $20.7 million , or $1.82 per diluted common share, for the same period in 2015.

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A reconciliation of Farmer Mac's net income attributable to common stockholders to core earnings and core earnings per share are presented in the following tables along with a breakdown of the composition of core earnings:

Table 1



Reconciliation of Net Income Attributable to Common Stockholders to Core Earnings
	For the Three Months Ended
	June 30, 2016			June 30, 2015
	(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	12,006		$	22,162
Less reconciling items:
Unrealized (losses)/gains on financial derivatives and hedging activities	(2,076		)	15,982
Unrealized gains on trading securities	394			170
Amortization of premiums/discounts and deferred gains on assets consolidated at fair value	(371		)	(125		)
Net effects of settlements on agency forward contracts	466			197
Income tax effect related to reconciling items	556			(5,679		)
Sub-total	(1,031		)	10,545
Core earnings	$	13,037		$	11,617

Composition of Core Earnings:
Revenues:
Net effective spread ⁽¹⁾	$	31,026		$	29,787
Guarantee and commitment fees ⁽²⁾	4,810			4,085
Other ⁽³⁾	(125		)	(24		)
Total revenues	35,711			33,848

Credit related expense (GAAP):
Provision for losses	458			1,256
REO operating expenses	—			—
Losses on sale of REO	—			—
Total credit related expense	458			1,256

Operating expenses (GAAP):
Compensation and employee benefits	5,611			5,733
General and administrative	3,757			3,374
Regulatory fees	612			600
Total operating expenses	9,980			9,707

Net earnings	25,273			22,885
Income tax expense ⁽⁴⁾	8,956			8,091
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest (GAAP)	(16		)	(119		)
Preferred stock dividends (GAAP)	3,296			3,296
Core earnings	$	13,037		$	11,617

Core earnings per share:
Basic	$	1.25		$	1.06
Diluted	1.23			1.02
Weighted-average shares:
Basic	10,456			11,010
Diluted	10,614			11,438


⁽¹⁾	Net effective spread is a non-GAAP measure. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Use of Non-GAAP Measures—Net Effective Spread" for an explanation of net effective spread. See Table 6 for a reconciliation of net interest income to net effective spread.

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⁽²⁾	Includes interest income and interest expense related to consolidated trusts owned by third parties reclassified from net interest income to guarantee and commitment fees to reflect management's view that the net interest income Farmer Mac earns is effectively a guarantee fee on the consolidated Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities.


⁽³⁾	Reflects reconciling adjustments for the reclassification to exclude expenses related to interest rate swaps not designated as hedges and fair value adjustments on financial derivatives and trading assets and a reconciling adjustment to exclude the recognition of deferred gains over the estimated lives of certain Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities.


⁽⁴⁾	Includes the tax impact of non-GAAP reconciling items between net income attributable to common stockholders and core earnings.

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Reconciliation of Net Income Attributable to Common Stockholders to Core Earnings
	For the Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2016			June 30, 2015
	(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	22,323		$	23,980
Less reconciling items:
Unrealized (losses)/gains on financial derivatives and hedging activities	(5,065		)	15,087
Unrealized gains on trading securities	752			532
Amortization of premiums/discounts and deferred gains on assets consolidated at fair value	(652		)	(939		)
Net effects of settlements on agency forward contracts	211			(55		)
Loss on retirement of Farmer Mac II LLC Preferred Stock ⁽¹⁾	—			(8,147		)
Income tax effect related to reconciling items	1,665			(3,218		)
Sub-total	(3,089		)	3,260
Core earnings	$	25,412		$	20,720

Composition of Core Earnings:
Revenues:
Net effective spread ⁽²⁾	$	60,975		$	59,044
Guarantee and commitment fees ⁽³⁾	9,479			8,097
Other ⁽⁴⁾	(642		)	(429		)
Total revenues	69,812			66,712

Credit related expense (GAAP):
Provision for losses	521			560
REO operating expenses	39			(1		)
Losses on sale of REO	—			1
Total credit related expense	560			560

Operating expenses (GAAP):
Compensation and employee benefits	11,385			11,426
General and administrative	7,283			6,197
Regulatory fees	1,225			1,200
Total operating expenses	19,893			18,823

Net earnings	49,359			47,329
Income tax expense ⁽⁵⁾	17,400			14,783
Net (loss)/income attributable to non-controlling interest (GAAP)	(44		)	5,235
Preferred stock dividends (GAAP)	6,591			6,591
Core earnings	$	25,412		$	20,720

Core earnings per share:
Basic	$	2.43		$	1.89
Diluted	2.35			1.82
Weighted-average shares:
Basic	10,460			10,974
Diluted	10,808			11,385


⁽¹⁾	Relates to the write-off of deferred issuance costs as a result of the retirement of Farmer II LLC Preferred Stock.


₍₂₎	Net effective spread is a non-GAAP measure. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Use of Non-GAAP Measures—Net Effective Spread" for an explanation of net effective spread. See Table 6 for a reconciliation of net interest income to net effective spread.

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⁽³⁾	Includes interest income and interest expense related to consolidated trusts owned by third parties reclassified from net interest income to guarantee and commitment fees to reflect management's view that the net interest income Farmer Mac earns is effectively a guarantee fee on the consolidated Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities.


⁽⁴⁾	Reflects reconciling adjustments for the reclassification to exclude expenses related to interest rate swaps not designated as hedges and fair value adjustments on financial derivatives and trading assets and a reconciling adjustment to exclude the recognition of deferred gains over the estimated lives of certain Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities.


⁽⁵⁾	Includes the tax impact of non-GAAP reconciling items between net income attributable to common stockholders and core earnings.

Table 2



Reconciliation of GAAP Basic Earnings Per Share to Core Earnings Basic Earnings Per Share
	For the Three Months Ended						For the Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2016			June 30, 2015			June 30, 2016			June 30, 2015
	(in thousands, except per share amounts)
GAAP - Basic EPS	$	1.15		$	2.01		$	2.13		$	2.19
Less Reconciling Items:
Unrealized (losses)/gains on financial derivatives and hedging activities	(0.19		)	1.44			(0.49		)	1.38
Unrealized gains on trading securities	0.04			0.02			0.07			0.05
Amortization of premiums/discounts and deferred gains on assets consolidated at fair value	(0.04		)	(0.01		)	(0.06		)	(0.09		)
Net effects of settlements on agency forward contracts	0.04			0.02			0.02			(0.01		)
Loss on retirement of Farmer Mac II LLC Preferred Stock	—			—			—			(0.74		)
Income tax effect related to reconciling items	0.05			(0.52		)	0.16			(0.29		)
Sub-total	(0.10		)	0.95			(0.30		)	0.30
Core Earnings - Basic EPS	$	1.25		$	1.06		$	2.43		$	1.89

Shares used in per share calculation (GAAP and Core Earnings)	10,456			11,010			10,460			10,974



Reconciliation of GAAP Diluted Earnings Per Share to Core Earnings Diluted Earnings Per Share
	For the Three Months Ended						For the Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2016			June 30, 2015			June 30, 2016			June 30, 2015
	(in thousands, except per share amounts)
GAAP - Diluted EPS	$	1.13		$	1.94		$	2.07		$	2.11
Less Reconciling Items:
Unrealized (losses)/gains on financial derivatives and hedging activities	(0.20		)	1.40			(0.46		)	1.32
Unrealized gains on trading securities	0.04			0.01			0.07			0.05
Amortization of premiums/discounts and deferred gains on assets consolidated at fair value	(0.03		)	(0.01		)	(0.06		)	(0.08		)
Net effects of settlements on agency forward contracts	0.04			0.02			0.02			—
Loss on retirement of Farmer Mac II LLC Preferred Stock	—			—			—			(0.72		)
Income tax effect related to reconciling items	0.05			(0.50		)	0.15			(0.28		)
Sub-total	(0.10		)	0.92			(0.28		)	0.29
Core Earnings - Diluted EPS	$	1.23		$	1.02		$	2.35		$	1.82

Shares used in per share calculation (GAAP and Core Earnings)	10,614			11,438			10,808			11,385

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The five non-GAAP reconciling items between net income attributable to common stockholders and core earnings are:

1. Unrealized (losses)/gains on financial derivatives and hedging activities. The table below calculates the non-GAAP reconciling item for unrealized (losses)/gains on financial derivatives and hedging activities.

Table 3



Non-GAAP Reconciling Item for Unrealized (Losses)/Gains on Financial Derivatives and Hedging Activities
	For the Three Months Ended					For the Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2016			June 30, 2015		June 30, 2016			June 30, 2015
	(in thousands)
Fair value hedges:
Unrealized gains on fair value hedges (see Table 8)	$	2,101		$	2,721	$	4,990		$	5,838
No hedge designation:
Unrealized (losses)/gains due to fair value changes (see Table 8)	(4,177		)	13,261		(10,055		)	9,249
Unrealized (losses)/gains on financial derivatives and hedging activities	$	(2,076	)	$	15,982	$	(5,065	)	$	15,087

2. Unrealized gains on trading securities. The unrealized gains on trading securities are reported on Farmer Mac's consolidated statements of operations, which represent changes during the period in fair values for trading assets remaining on Farmer Mac's balance sheet as of the end of the reporting period.

3. Amortization of premiums/discounts and deferred gains on assets consolidated at fair value. The amount of this non-GAAP reconciling item is the recorded amount of premium, discount, or deferred gain amortization during the reporting period on those assets for which the premium, discount, or deferred gain was based on the application of an accounting principle (e.g., consolidation of variable interest entities) rather than on a cash transaction (e.g., a purchase price premium or discount).

4. The net effect of settlements on agency forward contracts. These agency forward contracts are used as a short-term economic hedge of the issuance of debt. For GAAP purposes, realized gains or losses on settlements of agency forward contracts used as a short-term hedge of the issuance of debt are reported in the consolidated statements of operations in the period in which they occur. For core earnings purposes, these realized gains or losses on settlements of agency forward contracts are deferred and amortized as yield adjustments over the term of the related debt, which generally ranges from 3 to 15 years.

5. The loss on retirement of the Farmer Mac II LLC Preferred Stock. This loss in first quarter 2015 has been excluded from core earnings because it is not a frequently occurring transaction and is not indicative of future operating results. This is also consistent with Farmer Mac's previous treatment of these types of origination costs associated with securities underwriting that are capitalized and deferred during the life of the security.

The following sections provide more detail regarding specific components of Farmer Mac's results of operations.

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Net Interest Income . The following table provides information regarding interest-earning assets and funding for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 . The average balance of non-accruing loans is included in the average balance of loans, Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, and USDA Securities presented, though the related income is accounted for on a cash basis. Therefore, as the average balance of non-accruing loans and the income received increases or decreases, the net interest income and yield will fluctuate accordingly. The average balance of loans in consolidated trusts with beneficial interests owned by third parties is disclosed in the net effect of consolidated trusts and is not included in the average balances of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. The interest income and expense associated with these trusts are shown in the net effect of consolidated trusts.

Table 4



	For the Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2016						June 30, 2015
	Average Balance		Income/ Expense		Average Rate		Average Balance		Income/ Expense		Average Rate
	(dollars in thousands)
Interest-earning assets:
Cash and investments	$	3,745,379	$	13,241	0.71	%	$	3,249,476	$	5,959	0.37	%
Loans, Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities ⁽¹⁾	10,873,414		123,439		2.27	%	10,363,677		115,330		2.23	%
Total interest-earning assets	14,618,793		136,680		1.87	%	13,613,153		121,289		1.78	%
Funding:
Notes payable due within one year	7,221,753		16,528		0.46	%	5,554,106		4,996		0.18	%
Notes payable due after one year ⁽²⁾	6,974,570		54,353		1.56	%	7,492,262		54,972		1.47	%
Total interest-bearing liabilities ⁽³⁾	14,196,323		70,881		1.00	%	13,046,368		59,968		0.92	%
Net non-interest-bearing funding	422,470		—				566,786		—
Total funding	14,618,793		70,881		0.97	%	13,613,154		59,968		0.88	%
Net interest income/yield prior to consolidation of certain trusts	14,618,793		65,799		0.90	%	13,613,154		61,321		0.90	%
Net effect of consolidated trusts ⁽⁴⁾	797,936		2,199		0.55	%	478,225		1,332		0.56	%
Net interest income/yield	$	15,416,729	$	67,998	0.88	%	$	14,091,379	$	62,653	0.89	%


⁽¹⁾	Excludes interest income of $14.4 million and $9.1 million in the first half of 2016 and 2015, respectively, related to consolidated trusts with beneficial interests owned by third parties.


⁽²⁾	Includes current portion of long-term notes.


⁽³⁾	Excludes interest expense of $12.2 million and $7.7 million in the first half of 2016 and 2015, respectively, related to consolidated trusts with beneficial interests owned by third parties.


⁽⁴⁾	Includes the effect of consolidated trusts with beneficial interests owned by third parties.

Net interest income was $68.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to $62.7 million for the same period in 2015. The overall net interest yield was 88 basis points for the six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to 89 basis points from same period in 2015.

The $5.3 million increase in net interest income for the six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the same period in 2015 was due to several factors. One factor was the impact of an increase in short-term interest rates on assets and liabilities indexed to LIBOR due to the Federal Reserve's decision to raise the target range for the federal funds rate in fourth quarter 2015. This effect on net interest income is because interest expense used to calculate net interest income does not include all the funding expenses related to these assets, specifically the expense on undesignated financial derivatives. Alternatively, the increase in short-term rates on assets and liabilities indexed to LIBOR would not have a similar effect on net effective spread because net effective spread includes interest expense from all funding related to such assets, including interest expense from undesignated financial derivatives. Another factor contributing to the year-over-year increase in net interest income was an increase in the average outstanding balance of Farm & Ranch loans, USDA Securities, and AgVantage securities. Also contributing to the increase was (1) a

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decrease in net yield adjustments related to amortization of premiums and discounts on assets consolidated at fair value driven by slower prepayments on those assets and (2) the impact of an increase in securitization activity of Farm & Ranch loans during 2015 and the first half of 2016. The increase was offset in part by an increase in yield adjustments from amortization of purchase premiums on certain Farm & Ranch loans resulting from accelerated prepayments. The year-over-year decrease in net interest income in percentage terms primarily related to a tighter spread on a large AgVantage security that was refinanced at a shorter maturity than the original security and a higher average balance maintained in lower-earning cash and investment securities in the first half of 2016 compared to the first half of 2015 to increase Farmer Mac's liquidity position.

The following table sets forth information regarding changes in the components of Farmer Mac's net interest income prior to consolidation of certain trusts for the periods indicated. For each category, information is provided on changes attributable to changes in volume (change in volume multiplied by old rate) and changes in rate (change in rate multiplied by old volume). Combined rate/volume variances, the third element of the calculation, are allocated based on their relative size.

Table 5



	For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 Compared to Same Period 2015
	Increase/(Decrease) Due to
	Rate		Volume		Total
	(in thousands)
Income from interest-earning assets:
Cash and investments	$	6,253	$	1,029	$	7,282
Loans, Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities	2,358		5,751		8,109
Total	8,611		6,780		15,391
Expense from other interest-bearing liabilities	5,396		5,517		10,913
Change in net interest income prior to consolidation of certain trusts ⁽¹⁾	$	3,215	$	1,263	$	4,478


⁽¹⁾	Excludes the effect of debt in consolidated trusts with beneficial interests owned by third parties.

For the six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the same period in 2015, the increase in income on interest-earning assets and the increase in expense on other interest-bearing liabilities due to changes in rate resulted from the repricing of both interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities due to the Federal Reserve's decision to raise the target range for the federal funds rate in fourth quarter 2015. The increase in income due to changes in rate on loans, Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, and USDA Securities was also due to a decrease in net yield adjustments related to amortization of premiums and discounts on assets consolidated at fair value driven by slower prepayments on those assets in the first half of 2016. That increase in income was offset in part by a decline in market rates on AgVantage securities acquired or refinanced during 2015 and the first half of 2016 and an increase in yield adjustments from amortization of purchase premiums on certain Farm & Ranch loans resulting from accelerated prepayments. The increases in income from interest-earning assets and in expense from other interest-bearing liabilities due to changes in volume reflect the increase in the average balance of on-balance sheet assets and the related funding for those assets, respectively.

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The following table presents a reconciliation of net interest income and net yield to net effective spread. This spread is measured by including income or expense related to contractual amounts due on undesignated financial derivatives (the income or expense related to financial derivatives designated in hedge accounting relationships is already included in net interest income) and excluding the amortization of premiums and discounts on assets consolidated at fair value and the net effects of consolidated trusts with beneficial interests owned by third parties.

Table 6



	For the Three Months Ended										For the Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2016					June 30, 2015					June 30, 2016					June 30, 2015
	Dollars			Yield		Dollars			Yield		Dollars			Yield		Dollars			Yield
	(dollars in thousands)
Net interest income/yield	$	34,358		0.88	%	$	31,864		0.90	%	$	67,998		0.88	%	$	62,653		0.89	%
Net effects of consolidated trusts	(1,155		)	0.02	%	(697		)	0.02	%	(2,199		)	0.02	%	(1,332		)	0.01	%
Expense related to undesignated financial derivatives	(2,509		)	(0.07	)%	(1,577		)	(0.05	)%	(5,178		)	(0.07	)%	(3,588		)	(0.05	)%
Amortization of premiums/discounts on assets consolidated at fair value	332			0.01	%	197			0.01	%	354			—	%	1,311			0.02	%
Net effective spread	$	31,026		0.84	%	$	29,787		0.88	%	$	60,975		0.83	%	$	59,044		0.87	%

Net effective spread was $31.0 million and $61.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to $29.8 million and $59.0 million for the same periods in 2015, respectively. In percentage terms, net effective spread for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 was 0.84 percent and 0.83 percent , respectively, compared to 0.88 percent and 0.87 percent for the same periods in 2015, respectively.

For the first six months of 2016 compared to the same period in 2015, the contraction in net effective spread in percentage terms was primarily attributable to market increases in LIBOR-based short-term funding costs which primarily impacted first quarter 2016, a tighter spread on a large AgVantage security that was refinanced in first quarter 2016 at a shorter maturity than the original security, and an increase in yield adjustments from amortization of purchase premiums on certain Farm & Ranch loans resulting from accelerated prepayments. Additionally, net effective spread was negatively impacted by the decrease in net non-interest bearing funding in the first half of 2016 compared to the same period last year due to the redemption of Farmer Mac II LLC Preferred stock on March 30, 2015 as certain interest earning assets which were previously funded with capital are currently being funded with interest bearing liabilities. Farmer Mac also maintained a higher average balance in lower-earning cash and investment securities in the first half of 2016 compared to the first half of 2015 to increase Farmer Mac's liquidity position. The year-over-year increase in dollars was attributable to growth in outstanding business volume.

See Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements for more information regarding net interest income and net effective spread from Farmer Mac's individual business segments. Additionally, see "—Supplemental Information" for quarterly net effective spread by line of business.

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Provision for and Release of Allowance for Loan Losses and Reserve for Losses . The following table summarizes the components of Farmer Mac's total allowance for losses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015:

Table 7



	As of June 30, 2016						As of June 30, 2015
	Allowance for Loan Losses		Reserve for Losses		Total Allowance for Losses		Allowance for Loan Losses			Reserve for Losses		Total Allowance for Losses
	(in thousands)
For the Three Months Ended:
Beginning Balance	$	4,529	$	2,097	$	6,626	$	5,940		$	3,491	$	9,431
Provision for/(release of) losses	364		94		458		110			1,146		1,256
Ending Balance	$	4,893	$	2,191	$	7,084	$	5,939		$	4,637	$	10,576

For the Six Months Ended:
Beginning Balance	$	4,480	$	2,083	$	6,563	$	5,864		$	4,263	$	10,127
Provision for/(release of) losses	413		108		521		186			374		560
Charge-offs	—		—		—		(111		)	—		(111		)
Ending Balance	$	4,893	$	2,191	$	7,084	$	5,939		$	4,637	$	10,576

The provisions to the allowance for loan losses recorded during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 were attributable to the establishment of a specific reserve for a long-standing impaired permanent planting loan due to collateral shortfalls relative to the unpaid principal balance and an increase in the specific allowance for on-balance sheet impaired loans resulting from a modest increase in the outstanding balance of such loans. The provisions to the reserve for losses recorded during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 were attributable to an increase in the general allowance due to downgrades in risk rating on certain unimpaired crop loans and permanent planting loans underlying LTSPCs. The provisions were partially offset by a decrease in the general allowance of Agricultural Storage and Processing loans and Agricultural Storage and Processing loans underlying LTSPCs due to paydowns of these loans.

The provisions to the allowance for loan losses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 were primarily attributable to a specific allowance for two Agricultural Storage and Processing loans underlying an LTSPC that financed one canola facility. The establishment of the specific allowance for these loans was due to a downgrade in risk rating resulting from collateral shortfalls relative to the unpaid principal balance for such loans. The provisions were partially offset by a decrease in the general allowance of Agricultural Storage and Processing loans and Agricultural Storage and Processing loans underlying LTSPCs due to paydowns of these loans.

As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , Farmer Mac's allowance for loan losses was $4.9 million and $4.5 million , respectively, and its reserve for losses was $2.2 million and $2.1 million , respectively. See Note 5 to the consolidated financial statements and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Risk Management—Credit Risk – Loans and Guarantees."

Guarantee and Commitment Fees . Guarantee and commitment fees, which compensate Farmer Mac for assuming the credit risk on loans underlying off-balance sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and LTSPCs, were $3.7 million and $7.3 million , respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30,

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2016 , compared to $3.4 million and $6.8 million for the same periods in 2015, respectively. The increase in guarantee and commitment fees was attributable to the addition of $0.5 billion in third quarter 2015 and $0.4 billion in second quarter 2016 of Rural Utilities loans under LTSPCs, offset in part by a lower average outstanding balance of off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities.

(Losses)/Gains on Financial Derivatives and Hedging Activities . The effect of unrealized and realized gains and losses on Farmer Mac's financial derivatives and hedging activities was net losses of $4.7 million and $11.5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 , compared to net gains of $14.4 million and $10.5 million for the same periods in 2015, respectively.

The components of gains and losses on financial derivatives and hedging activities for three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 are summarized in the following table:

Table 8



	For the Three Months Ended						For the Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2016			June 30, 2015			June 30, 2016			June 30, 2015
	(in thousands)
Fair value hedges:
Unrealized (losses)/gains due to fair value changes:
Financial derivatives ⁽¹⁾	$	(14,440	)	$	14,075		$	(41,339	)	$	8,316
Hedged items	16,541			(11,354		)	46,329			(2,478		)
Unrealized gains on fair value hedging activities	2,101			2,721			4,990			5,838
Cash flow hedges:
Loss recognized (ineffective portion)	(105		)	(150		)	(254		)	(366		)
Losses on cash flow hedges	(105		)	(150		)	(254		)	(366		)
No hedge designation:
Unrealized (losses)/gains due to fair value changes	(4,177		)	13,261			(10,055		)	9,249
Realized:
Expense related to financial derivatives	(2,404		)	(1,427		)	(4,924		)	(3,222		)
Losses due to terminations or net settlements	(111		)	(16		)	(1,235		)	(992		)
(Losses)/gains on financial derivatives not designated in hedging relationships	(6,692		)	11,818			(16,214		)	5,035
(Losses)/gains on financial derivatives and hedging activities	$	(4,696	)	$	14,389		$	(11,478	)	$	10,507

⁽¹⁾

Changes in the fair values of Farmer Mac's open derivative positions for both designated and undesignated hedges are captured in the table above in unrealized losses due to fair value changes and are primarily the result of fluctuations in long-term interest rates. For financial derivatives designated in fair value hedge accounting relationships, changes in the fair values of the hedged items attributable to the hedged risk are also included in the table above in unrealized (losses)/gains due to fair value changes. The accrual of periodic cash settlements for interest paid or received from Farmer Mac's interest rate swaps that are not designated in hedge accounting relationships is shown as expense related to financial derivatives. Payments or receipts to terminate derivative positions or net cash settled forward sales contracts on the debt of other GSEs and U.S. Treasury futures that are not designated in hedge accounting relationships are included in losses due to terminations or net settlements.

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Gains on Trading Securities . During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac recorded unrealized gains on trading securities of $0.4 million and $0.8 million , respectively, compared to unrealized gains of $0.2 million and $0.5 million during the same periods in 2015, respectively. Of the total gains recognized during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 , $0.4 million and $0.6 million of gains related to financial assets selected to be carried at fair value with changes in fair value included in earnings (the fair value option), compared to recorded gains of $11,000 and $0.2 million during the same period in 2015.

Other Income . Other income totaled $0.4 million and $0.5 million , respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 , compared to $0.3 million and $0.9 million for the same periods in 2015. Other income during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 included the recognition of $0.3 million and $0.6 million, respectively, of appraisal fees received by Farmer Mac's consolidated appraisal company subsidiary, AgVisory, which was formed in fourth quarter 2014 compared to $0.1 million for the same periods in 2015. Other income during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 also included the recognition of $0.1 million of and $0.3 million of losses, respectively, previously deferred in accumulated other comprehensive income related to fair value changes of certain available-for-sale securities contributed to Farmer Mac II LLC in 2010 and other miscellaneous items, compared to the recognition of $0.1 million and $0.4 million, respectively, of previously deferred gains for the same periods in 2015.

Compensation and Employee Benefits . Compensation and employee benefits were $5.6 million and $11.4 million , respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 , compared to $5.7 million and $11.4 million , respectively, for the same periods in 2015. The year-over-year quarterly decrease was due primarily to lower payouts of variable incentive compensation awarded in second quarter 2016 compared to second quarter 2015 offset in part by an increase in employee health insurance costs. Compensation costs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 included $0.2 million and $0.4 million, respectively, in compensation costs for Farmer Mac's consolidated appraisal company subsidiary, AgVisory, compared to $0.2 million and $0.3 million, respectively, for the same periods last year.

General and Administrative Expenses . General and administrative expenses, including legal, audit, and consulting fees, were $3.8 million and $7.3 million , respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 , compared to $3.4 million and $6.2 million for the same periods in 2015. The increase in the first half of 2016 compared to the first half of 2015 was due primarily to higher consulting fees and information services expenses related to corporate strategic initiatives, continued technology and business infrastructure investments, and expenses related to business development efforts. Additionally, general and administrative costs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 included $0.2 million and $0.3 million, respectively, in operating expenses for Farmer Mac's consolidated appraisal company subsidiary compared to $0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively for the same periods last year.

Regulatory Fees . Regulatory fees, which consist of the fees paid to FCA, were $0.6 million and $1.2 million , respectively, for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015. FCA has advised Farmer Mac that its estimated fees for the federal fiscal year ending September 30, 2016 will remain at the same level ($0.6 million per federal fiscal quarter) as the prior federal fiscal year. After the end of a federal government fiscal year, FCA may revise its prior year estimated assessments to reflect actual costs incurred, and has issued both additional assessments and refunds in the past.

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Income Tax Expense . Income tax expense totaled $8.4 million and $15.7 million , respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 , compared to income tax expense of $13.8 million and $18.0 million for the same periods in 2015. The decrease in income tax expense in the first half of 2016 compared to the same period last year was due to lower pre-tax income offset in part by two items that occurred during first quarter 2015 but did not recur during the first half of 2016: (1) the consolidated tax benefits recognized from the dividends declared on Farmer Mac II LLC Preferred Stock, which is included in the presentation of "Net income attributable to non-controlling interest" on the consolidated statements of operations on a pre-tax basis, and (2) the loss on retirement of the Farmer Mac II LLC Preferred Stock. These items were also the primary reasons why Farmer Mac's effective tax rate was lower than the statutory rate in the six months ended June 30, 2015.

Loss on Retirement of Preferred Stock . On March 30, 2015, Farmer Mac II LLC redeemed all of the outstanding shares of Farmer Mac II LLC Preferred Stock, which, in turn, triggered the redemption of all of the outstanding related Farm Asset-Linked Capital Securities, or "FALConS," on that same day. As a result, Farmer Mac recognized an expense in first quarter 2015 of $8.1 million of deferred issuance costs related to those shares of Farmer Mac II LLC Preferred Stock as "Loss on retirement of preferred stock" on the consolidated statements of operations.

Business Volume . During second quarter 2016 , Farmer Mac added $1.3 billion of new business volume compared to $0.7 billion in second quarter 2015. Specifically, Farmer Mac:


•	added $421.4 million of Rural Utilities loans under LTSPCs;


•	purchased $396.2 million of AgVantage securities;


•	purchased $241.1 million of newly originated Farm & Ranch loans;


•	purchased $110.6 million of USDA Securities;


•	added $58.2 million of Farm & Ranch loans under LTSPCs;


•	issued $23.1 million of Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities; and


•	purchased $10.0 million of Rural Utilities loans.

Farmer Mac's outstanding business volume was $17.1 billion as of June 30, 2016 , an increase of $901.0 million from March 31, 2016 . The increase in Farmer Mac's outstanding business volume was driven by the addition of $421.4 million of Rural Utilities loans added under LTSPCs, portfolio growth in AgVantage securities, and net portfolio growth in Farm & Ranch loans and USDA Securities. The new business volume in AgVantage securities for second quarter 2016 included purchases of $150.0 million from Metropolitan Life Insurance Company ("MetLife") and $200.0 million from Rabo Agrifinance, Inc. ("Rabo"). The AgVantage securities purchased from Rabo in second quarter 2016 included a $50.0 million AgVantage security that Rabo used to refinance an AgVantage security that matured in second quarter 2016 and a $50.0 million AgVantage security that Rabo used to refinance an AgVantage security that matured in early July 2016. The new business volume in AgVantage securities for second quarter 2016 also included $27.4 million purchased under Farm Equity AgVantage facilities with agricultural real estate investment funds, compared to $76.9 million of that product purchased in second quarter 2015.

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The following table sets forth purchases of non-delinquent eligible loans, new loans added under LTSPCs, and new guarantees during the periods indicated in the Farm & Ranch, USDA Guarantees, and Rural Utilities lines of business, as well as purchases of AgVantage securities in the Institutional Credit line of business:

Table 9



New Business Volume – Farmer Mac Loan Purchases, Guarantees, LTSPCs, and AgVantage Securities
	For the Three Months Ended				For the Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2016		June 30, 2015		June 30, 2016		June 30, 2015
	(in thousands)
Farm & Ranch:
Loans	$	241,093	$	196,927	$	439,641	$	327,151
LTSPCs	58,156		102,944		126,173		162,255
USDA Guarantees:
USDA Securities	110,631		111,421		205,951		200,607
Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	23,114		12,512		26,762		12,512
Rural Utilities:
Loans	10,000		—		19,691		8,703
LTSPCs	421,404		—		421,404		—
Institutional Credit:
AgVantage Securities	396,245		307,250		1,323,464		522,165
Total purchases, guarantees, LTSPCs, and AgVantage Securities	$	1,260,643	$	731,054	$	2,563,086	$	1,233,393

New business volume for loans within the Farm & Ranch line of business for the first half of 2016 was substantially ahead of first half of 2015 and reflected an increase in loan demand. New business volume for LTSPCs within the Farm & Ranch line of business for the first half of 2016 compared to the first half of 2015 reflected a decline in demand among Farm Credit System institutions for the LTSPC product. The increase in new business volume in the USDA Guarantees line of business for the first half of 2016 compared to the first half of 2015 reflected an increase in lender usage of USDA guaranteed loan programs and the resulting increase in loans available for purchase on the secondary market, as well as the increasing willingness of banks to sell the lower-return guaranteed portions of these loans to fund other new loan originations. Loan purchase volume in the Rural Utilities line of business remained low due to modest demand for credit associated with slow economic growth and greater energy efficiency in recent years, as well as an ongoing preference by CFC, Farmer Mac's only current rural utilities cooperative counterparty, to retain loans on its balance sheet. The large LTSPC transaction completed with CFC in second quarter 2016 marked the second time Farmer Mac has added loans under LTSPCs in the Rural Utilities line of business. Changes in AgVantage securities volume are primarily driven by the generally larger transaction sizes for that product and the fluctuating funding and liquidity needs of Farmer Mac's customer network and scheduled maturity amounts.

Based on market conditions, Farmer Mac either retains the loans it purchases or securitizes them and retains or sells Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities backed by those loans. The weighted-average age of the Farm & Ranch non-delinquent eligible loans purchased and retained (excluding the purchases of defaulted loans) during second quarter 2016 and second quarter 2015 was less than one year . Of those loans, 61 percent and 56 percent , respectively, had principal amortization periods longer than the maturity date, resulting in balloon payments at maturity, with a weighted-average remaining term to maturity of 17.9 years and 16.2 years, respectively.

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During second quarter 2016 and 2015 , Farmer Mac securitized some of the Farm & Ranch loans it had purchased and sold the resulting Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities in the amounts of $119.9 million and $63.0 million , respectively. Farmer Mac consolidates these loans and presents them as "Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost" on the consolidated balance sheets. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 , $66.0 million and $149.5 million , respectively, of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities were sold to Zions First National Bank, which is a related party to Farmer Mac, compared to $39.7 million and $83.6 million of sales for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 , respectively.

The following table sets forth information regarding the Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities issued during the periods indicated:

Table 10



	For the Three Months Ended				For the Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2016		June 30, 2015		June 30, 2016		June 30, 2015
	(in thousands)
Loans securitized and sold as Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities	$	119,868	$	62,953	$	255,781	$	112,440
Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	19,014		—		22,662		—
AgVantage Securities	396,245		307,250		1,323,464		522,165
Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities issuances	$	535,127	$	370,203	$	1,601,907	$	634,605

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The following table sets forth information regarding outstanding volume in each of Farmer Mac's four lines of business as of the dates indicated:

Table 11



Lines of Business - Outstanding Business Volume
	As of June 30, 2016		As of December 31, 2015
	(in thousands)
On-balance sheet:
Farm & Ranch:
Loans	$	2,265,932	$	2,249,864
Loans held in trusts:
Beneficial interests owned by third party investors	922,666		708,111
USDA Guarantees:
USDA Securities	1,896,510		1,876,451
Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	32,886		31,554
Rural Utilities:
Loans	1,001,769		1,008,126
Institutional Credit:
AgVantage Securities	6,106,301		5,439,383
Total on-balance sheet	$	12,226,064	$	11,313,489
Off-balance sheet:
Farm & Ranch:
LTSPCs	2,175,456		2,253,273
Guaranteed Securities	466,479		514,051
USDA Guarantees:
Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	30,962		10,272
Rural Utilities:
LTSPCs ⁽¹⁾	932,704		522,864
Institutional Credit:
AgVantage Securities	984,871		984,871
AgVantage Revolving Line of Credit Facility ⁽²⁾	300,000		300,000
Total off-balance sheet	$	4,890,472	$	4,585,331
Total	$	17,116,536	$	15,898,820


⁽¹⁾	Includes $8.8 million related to a one-year loan purchase commitment on which Farmer Mac receives a nominal unused commitment fee as of both June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.


⁽²⁾	As of both June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, this facility had not been utilized. Farmer Mac receives a fixed fee based on the full dollar amount of the facility. If the counterparty draws on the facility, the amounts drawn will be presented as AgVantage Securities, and Farmer Mac will earn interest income on those securities.

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The following table summarizes by maturity date the scheduled principal amortization of loans held, loans underlying off-balance sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities (excluding AgVantage securities) and LTSPCs, USDA Securities, and Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities as of June 30, 2016 :

Table 12



Schedule of Principal Amortization as of June 30, 2016
	Loans Held		Loans Underlying Off-Balance Sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and LTSPCs		USDA Securities and Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities		Total
	(in thousands)
2016	$	90,995	$	136,607	$	43,740	$	271,342
2017	177,718		306,231		94,332		578,281
2018	188,408		1,037,374		92,557		1,318,339
2019	180,818		193,368		94,315		468,501
2020	191,280		182,834		94,356		468,470
Thereafter	3,361,148		1,718,225		1,541,058		6,620,431
Total	$	4,190,367	$	3,574,639	$	1,960,358	$	9,725,364

Of the $17.1 billion outstanding principal balance of volume included in Farmer Mac's four lines of business as of June 30, 2016 , $7.4 billion were AgVantage securities included in the Institutional Credit line of business. Unlike business volume in the form of purchased loans, USDA Securities, and loans underlying LTSPCs and non-AgVantage Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, most AgVantage securities do not require periodic payments of principal based on amortization schedules and instead have fixed maturity dates when the secured general obligation is due. The following table summarizes by maturity date the outstanding principal amount of both on- and off-balance sheet AgVantage securities as of June 30, 2016 :

Table 13



AgVantage Balances by Year of Maturity
	As of
	June 30, 2016
	(in thousands)
2016	$	869,750
2017	1,577,420
2018 ⁽¹⁾	1,451,685
2019	650,349
2020	606,388
Thereafter ⁽²⁾	2,235,580
Total	$	7,391,172


⁽¹⁾	Includes the expiration of the $300.0 million revolving floating rate AgVantage facility. As of June 30, 2016 , this facility had not been utilized.


⁽²⁾	Includes various maturities ranging from 2021 to 2044.

The weighted-average remaining maturity of the outstanding AgVantage securities shown in the table above was 4.0 years as of June 30, 2016 . As a general matter, if maturing AgVantage securities are not replaced with new AgVantage securities, either from the same issuer or from new business, or if the spread

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earned by Farmer Mac on new AgVantage securities that replace maturing AgVantage securities is lower than the spread earned on the maturing securities, Farmer Mac's income could be adversely affected.

As part of fulfilling its guarantee obligations for Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities and commitments to purchase eligible loans underlying LTSPCs, Farmer Mac purchases defaulted loans, all of which are at least 90-days delinquent or in material non-monetary default at the time of purchase, out of the loan pools underlying those securities and LTSPCs, and records the purchased loans as such on its balance sheet. The purchase price for a defaulted loan purchased out of a pool of loans backing Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities is the then-current outstanding principal balance of the loan plus accrued and unpaid interest. The purchase price for a defaulted loan purchased under an LTSPC is the then-current outstanding principal balance of the loan, with accrued and unpaid interest on the defaulted loan payable out of any future loan payments or liquidation proceeds as received. The purchase price of a defaulted loan is not an indicator of the expected loss on that loan; many other factors affect expected loss, if any, on any loan so purchased. The delinquent loans purchased out of securitized pools and LTSPCs during second quarter 2015 had a weighted-average age of 16 years . Farmer Mac did not purchase any delinquent loans during second quarter 2016. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Risk Management—Credit Risk – Loans and Guarantees."

The following table presents Farmer Mac's purchases of defaulted loans underlying Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities and LTSPCs for the periods indicated:

Table 14



	For the Three Months Ended				For the Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2016		June 30, 2015		June 30, 2016		June 30, 2015
	(in thousands)
Defaulted loans purchased underlying Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities owned by third party investors	$	—	$	1,324	$	1,267	$	1,981
Defaulted loans purchased underlying LTSPCs	—		—		148		—
Total loan purchases	$	—	$	1,324	$	1,415	$	1,981

Outlook

Farmer Mac continues to provide a stable source of liquidity, capital, and risk management tools as the secondary market that helps meet the financing needs of rural America. While the pace of Farmer Mac's growth will depend on the capital and liquidity needs of the participants in the rural financing business, Farmer Mac foresees opportunities for continued growth. More specifically, Farmer Mac believes that its Farm & Ranch, USDA Guarantees, Rural Utilities, and Institutional Credit lines of business all have opportunities for growth, driven by several key factors:


•	As agricultural and rural utilities lenders face increased equity capital requirements under new regulatory frameworks or rating agency requirements, or seek to reduce exposure due to lending limits or concentration limits, Farmer Mac can provide relief for those institutions through loan purchases, guarantees, or LTSPCs.


•	Lending opportunities in the rural utilities industry exist as rural utilities seek alternatives for financing, including refinancing existing debt.


•	As a result of targeted marketing and product development efforts, Farmer Mac's lender network and Institutional Credit customer base continues to expand, which may generate additional demand for Farmer Mac's products from new sources.

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Farmer Mac believes that these growth opportunities will be important in replacing income earned on the loans and other assets as they mature, pay down, or are reinvested at potentially lower spreads.

Agricultural Sector . The agricultural sector includes many diverse industries that respond in different ways to changes in economic conditions. Those individual industries often are affected differently, sometimes positively and sometimes negatively, by prevailing domestic and global economic factors and regional weather conditions. This results in cycles where one or more industries may be under stress at the same time that others are not. In addition, borrowers that rely on non-farm sources of income as a significant percentage of overall income may experience stress associated with weakness in the general economy. The profitability of agricultural industries is also affected by commodity inventories and their associated market prices, which can vary largely as a result of global production trends, weather patterns, access to water supply, and harvest conditions that may affect both domestic and global supplies. The strength of the U.S. dollar relative to other worldwide currencies could also continue to adversely affect the demand for certain U.S. agricultural exports, which may result in producers receiving lower commodity prices.

Farmer Mac continues to monitor land values and commodity prices in response to cyclical swings. Although farmland values and commodity prices have declined recently in some sectors, primarily in the Midwest, Farmer Mac believes that its portfolio remains sufficiently diversified, both geographically and by commodity, and that its portfolio has generally demonstrated historically high credit quality and low delinquency rates to endure reasonably foreseeable volatility in farmland values and commodity prices. Farmer Mac also continues to closely monitor sector profitability, economic conditions, and agricultural land value and geographic trends to tailor underwriting practices to changing conditions. For more information about the loan balances and loan-to-value ratios for Farm & Ranch loans in Farmer Mac's portfolio as of June 30, 2016 , see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Risk Management—Credit Risk – Loans and Guarantees."

The western part of the United States, and in particular California, continues to experience drought conditions to varying degrees. Although Farmer Mac has not observed any material effect on its portfolio from the drought through June 30, 2016, the persistence of drought conditions in certain areas of the west could have an adverse effect on Farmer Mac’s delinquency rates or loss experience. Through regular discussions with its loan servicers and lenders and their customers, Farmer Mac continues to remain informed about the drought conditions and their effects in those areas.

Farmer Mac continues to monitor the establishment and evolution of legislation and regulations that affect farmers, ranchers, and rural lenders. Many federal agricultural policies previously in effect have been altered with the enactment of the Agricultural Act of 2014, including those affecting crop subsidies, crop insurance , and other aspects of agricultural production. Farmer Mac will continue to monitor the effects of these altered federal agricultural policies as the USDA adopts any final regulations implementing the Agricultural Act of 2014.

Farmer Mac's marketing efforts directed towards the Farm & Ranch line of business focus on lenders that have demonstrated a commitment to agricultural lending based on their lending history. Farmer Mac directs its outreach efforts to these lenders through direct personal contact, which is facilitated through Farmer Mac's frequent participation in state and national banking conferences, its alliances with the American Bankers Association and the Independent Community Bankers of America, and its business relationships with members of the Farm Credit System. In the Farm & Ranch line of business, Farmer

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Mac has experienced continuing stable demand for its loan products. Demand for Farmer Mac's secondary market tools could also increase as rural lenders adapt to new and changing regulations, which may require lenders to obtain more liquidity and capital to continue their lending practices.

Farmer Mac also directs marketing efforts towards the agricultural industry by trying to identify and develop relationships with potential issuers of AgVantage securities, including insurance company agricultural lenders, who can pledge loans as collateral to obtain financing as part of Farmer Mac's Institutional Credit line of business. As part of these efforts, Farmer Mac has recently increased its focus on wholesale financing for institutional investors in agricultural assets that qualify as eligible collateral under Farmer Mac's charter. In July 2014, Farmer Mac expanded its AgVantage product to this new type of issuer and refers to this product variation as the Farm Equity AgVantage product. Farmer Mac directs its outreach efforts to these potential issuers through its business relationships within the agricultural community and through executive outreach to institutions whose profile presents opportunity to benefit from wholesale financing. As institutional investment in agricultural assets continues to grow, Farmer Mac believes that it is in a unique position to help increase access to capital for these types of counterparties and thereby provide a new source of capital to benefit rural America. Farmer Mac designed the Farm Equity AgVantage product to provide an efficient, low-cost source of financing tailored to meet the needs of institutional investors that can be adapted to many different types of organizational structures and for both public and private institutional investors. Although this product is still in the early stages of development, Farmer Mac believes there is opportunity to expand this type of business as both the trend toward institutional investment in agricultural assets and awareness of the Farm Equity AgVantage product continue to grow. For more information about the Farm Equity AgVantage product, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Risk Management—Credit Risk – Institutional" in this report and "Business—Farmer Mac Lines of Business—Institutional Credit" in Farmer Mac's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 filed with the SEC on March 10, 2016.

Rural Utilities Industry . Domestic economic indicators continue to show modest growth and, as the economy strengthens, Farmer Mac believes that demand for rural utilities loans may increase. Also, the rural utilities industry may experience increased needs for financing in the future to make improvements in response to environmental and clean energy policies. However, demand for capital within the rural utilities industry currently remains moderate, which has resulted in an ongoing high level of competition between rural utilities cooperative lenders that could suppress loan growth opportunities for those lenders, including lenders that participate in Farmer Mac's Rural Utilities line of business. Although competitive pressures remain within the rural utilities lending industry, Farmer Mac sees opportunities for growth in this area within Farmer Mac's Institutional Credit line of business because the wholesale funding rates that Farmer Mac provides may be highly competitive compared to other available sources of debt funding for rural utilities cooperative lenders.

Balance Sheet Review

Assets . Farmer Mac's total assets as of June 30, 2016 were $16.8 billion , compared to $15.5 billion as of December 31, 2015 . The increase in total assets was primarily attributable to an increase in total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and cash and cash equivalents.

As of June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac had $1.8 billion of cash and cash equivalents and $2.5 billion of investment securities, compared to $1.2 billion of cash and cash equivalents and $2.8 billion of investment

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securities as of December 31, 2015 . As of June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac had $6.1 billion of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, $4.2 billion of loans, net of allowance, and $2.0 billion of USDA Securities. This compares to $5.4 billion of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, $4.0 billion of loans, net of allowance, and $1.9 billion of USDA Securities as of December 31, 2015 .

Liabilities . Farmer Mac's total liabilities increased to $16.2 billion as of June 30, 2016 from $15.0 billion as of December 31, 2015 . The increase in liabilities was primarily attributable to an increase in notes payable.

Equity . As of June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac had total equity of $585.2 million , comprised of stockholders' equity of $584.9 million and non-controlling interest of $0.2 million related to Farmer Mac's appraisal subsidiary, AgVisory. As of December 31, 2015 , Farmer Mac had total equity of $553.7 million , comprised of stockholders' equity of $553.5 million and non-controlling interest of $0.2 million . The increase in total equity was a result of an increase in retained earnings and accumulated other comprehensive income. The increase in accumulated other comprehensive income was due to increases in fair value on certain fixed-rate USDA Securities offset in part by decreases in fair value on cash flow hedges as long-term market interest rates declined during the first half of 2016.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Farmer Mac offers approved lenders two credit enhancement alternatives to increase their liquidity or lending capacity while retaining the cash flow benefits of their loans: (1) Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, which are available through each of the Farm & Ranch, USDA Guarantees, Rural Utilities, and Institutional Credit lines of business; and (2) LTSPCs, which are available through the Farm & Ranch and Rural Utilities lines of business. For securitization trusts where Farmer Mac is the primary beneficiary, the trust assets and liabilities are included on Farmer Mac's consolidated balance sheet. For the remainder of these transactions, and in the event of deconsolidation, both of these alternatives result in the creation of off-balance sheet obligations for Farmer Mac. See Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements for more information about consolidation and Farmer Mac's off-balance sheet business activities.

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Risk Management

Credit Risk – Loans and Guarantees . Farmer Mac is exposed to credit risk resulting from the inability of borrowers to repay their loans in conjunction with a deficiency in the value of the collateral relative to the outstanding balance of the loan and the costs of liquidation. Farmer Mac is exposed to credit risk on:


•	loans held;


•	loans underlying Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities; and


•	loans underlying LTSPCs.

Farmer Mac generally assumes 100 percent of the credit risk on loans held, loans underlying LTSPCs in the Farm & Ranch and Rural Utilities lines of business, and Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities in the Farm & Ranch line of business. Farmer Mac has direct credit exposure to loans in non-AgVantage transactions and indirect credit exposure to loans that secure AgVantage transactions because AgVantage securities represent a general obligation of an issuer that is, in turn, secured by eligible loans. The credit exposure of Farmer Mac and Farmer Mac II LLC on USDA Securities, including those underlying Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities, is covered by the full faith and credit of the United States. Therefore, Farmer Mac believes that Farmer Mac and Farmer Mac II LLC have little or no credit risk exposure in the USDA Guarantees line of business because of the USDA guarantee. As of June 30, 2016 , neither Farmer Mac nor Farmer Mac II LLC had experienced any credit losses on any business under the USDA Guarantees line of business, and neither expects to incur any such losses in the future.

Farmer Mac has established underwriting, collateral valuation, and documentation standards for agricultural real estate mortgage loans and rural utilities loans. Farmer Mac believes that these standards mitigate the risk of loss from borrower defaults and provide guidance about the management, administration, and conduct of underwriting and appraisals to all participating and potential lenders. These standards were developed based on industry practices for agricultural real estate mortgage loans and rural utilities loans and are designed to assess the creditworthiness of the borrower, as well as the value of the collateral securing the loan. Farmer Mac evaluates and adjusts these standards on an ongoing basis based on current and anticipated market conditions. For more information about Farmer Mac's underwriting and collateral valuation standards, see "Business—Farmer Mac Lines of Business—Farm & Ranch—Underwriting and Collateral Valuation (Appraisal) Standards" and "Business—Farmer Mac Lines of Business—Rural Utilities—Underwriting" in Farmer Mac's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 filed with the SEC on March 10, 2016.

Farmer Mac requires approved lenders to make representations and warranties regarding the conformity of eligible agricultural mortgage and rural utilities loans to Farmer Mac's standards, the accuracy of loan data provided to Farmer Mac, and other requirements related to the loans. Sellers are responsible to Farmer Mac for breaches of those representations and warranties, and Farmer Mac has the ability to require a seller to cure, replace, or repurchase a loan sold or transferred to Farmer Mac if any breach of a representation or warranty is discovered that was material to Farmer Mac's decision to purchase the loan or that directly or indirectly causes a default or potential loss on a loan sold or transferred by the seller to Farmer Mac. During second quarter 2016, Farmer Mac did not require any seller to cure or repurchase a loan purchased by Farmer Mac for breach of a representation or warranty. During the previous three years as of June 30, 2016, Farmer Mac had required one seller to repurchase a total of two loans aggregating $0.8 million for breaches of representations and warranties made about those two loans, both of which repurchases occurred during first quarter 2016. In addition to relying on the representations and

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warranties of lenders, Farmer Mac also underwrites all of the agricultural mortgage loans (other than rural housing and part-time farm mortgage loans) and rural utilities loans that it holds in its portfolio. For rural housing and part-time farm mortgage loans, Farmer Mac relies on representations and warranties from the seller that those loans conform to Farmer Mac's specified underwriting criteria without exception. For more information about Farmer Mac's loan eligibility requirements, see "Business—Farmer Mac Lines of Business—Farm & Ranch—Loan Eligibility" and "Business—Farmer Mac Lines of Business—Rural Utilities—Loan Eligibility" in Farmer Mac's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 filed with the SEC on March 10, 2016.

Under contracts with Farmer Mac and in consideration for servicing fees, Farmer Mac-approved central servicers service loans in accordance with Farmer Mac's requirements. Central servicers are responsible to Farmer Mac for serious errors in the servicing of those loans. If a central servicer materially breaches the terms of its servicing agreement with Farmer Mac, such as failing to forward payments received or releasing collateral without Farmer Mac's consent, or experiences insolvency or bankruptcy, Farmer Mac has the right to terminate the servicing relationship for a particular loan or the entire portfolio serviced by the central servicer. In addition, Farmer Mac can proceed against the central servicer in arbitration or exercise any remedies available to it under law. In the last three years, Farmer Mac has not exercised any remedies or taken any formal action against any central servicers. For more information about Farmer Mac's servicing requirements, see "Business—Farmer Mac Lines of Business—Farm & Ranch—Servicing" and "Business—Farmer Mac Lines of Business—Rural Utilities—Servicing" in Farmer Mac's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 filed with the SEC on March 10, 2016.

Farmer Mac's AgVantage securities are general obligations of institutions approved by Farmer Mac and are secured by eligible loans in an amount at least equal to the outstanding principal amount of the security. Farmer Mac excludes the loans that secure AgVantage securities from the credit risk metrics it discloses because Farmer Mac has only indirect credit risk on those loans and because of the other characteristics of AgVantage securities that mitigate credit risk. Those characteristics include a general obligation of an issuing institution approved by Farmer Mac, the required collateralization level for the securities, the requirement for delinquent loans to be removed from the pool of pledged loans and replaced with current eligible loans, and in some cases, the requirement for the counterparty to comply with specified financial covenants for the life of the related AgVantage security. As such, all AgVantage securities are secured by current loans representing at least 100 percent of the outstanding amount of these securities. As of June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac had not experienced any credit losses on any AgVantage securities and does not expect to incur any such losses in the future. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Risk Management—Credit Risk – Institutional" for more information about Farmer Mac's credit risk on AgVantage securities.

Farmer Mac has developed different underwriting standards for rural utilities loans that depend on whether direct or indirect credit exposure is assumed on a loan and whether the borrower is an electric distribution cooperative or a G&T cooperative. As of June 30, 2016 , there were no delinquencies in Farmer Mac's portfolio of rural utilities loans, and Farmer Mac has not experienced any credit losses on rural utilities loans since Congress authorized Farmer Mac's Rural Utilities line of business in 2008. Based on this performance, Farmer Mac excludes the loans in the Rural Utilities line of business from the credit risk metrics it discloses. Farmer Mac's direct credit exposure to rural utilities loans and loans underlying LTSPCs as of June 30, 2016 was $1.9 billion across 38 states, of which $1.5 billion were loans to electric distribution cooperatives and $0.4 billion were loans to G&T cooperatives. Farmer Mac also had indirect credit exposure to the rural utilities loans securing AgVantage securities and included in the Institutional Credit line of business, some of which are loans to G&T cooperatives. For more

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information, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Risk Management—Credit Risk – Institutional."

Farmer Mac maintains an allowance for loan losses to cover estimated probable losses on loans held and a reserve for losses to cover estimated probable losses on loans underlying LTSPCs and off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities. The methodology that Farmer Mac uses to determine the level of its allowance for losses is described in Note 2(j) to the consolidated financial statements included in Farmer Mac's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 filed with the SEC on March 10, 2016. Management believes that this methodology produces a reasonable estimate of probable losses, as of the balance sheet date, for all loans held and loans underlying off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities and LTSPCs.

The following table summarizes the components of Farmer Mac's total allowance for losses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 :

Table 15



	June 30, 2016						June 30, 2015
	Allowance for Loan Losses		Reserve for Losses		Total Allowance for Losses		Allowance for Loan Losses			Reserve for Losses		Total Allowance for Losses
	(in thousands)
For the Three Months Ended:
Beginning Balance	$	4,529	$	2,097	$	6,626	$	5,940		$	3,491	$	9,431
Provision for losses	364		94		458		110			1,146		1,256
Charge-offs	—		—		—		(111		)	—		(111		)
Ending Balance	$	4,893	$	2,191	$	7,084	$	5,939		$	4,637	$	10,576

For the Six Months Ended:
Beginning Balance	$	4,480	$	2,083	$	6,563	$	5,864		$	4,263	$	10,127
Provision for losses	413		108		521		186			374		560
Charge-offs	—		—		—		(111		)	—		(111		)
Ending Balance	$	4,893	$	2,191	$	7,084	$	5,939		$	4,637	$	10,576

Activity affecting the allowance for loan losses and reserve for losses is discussed in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Results of Operations—Provision for and Release of Allowance for Loan Losses and Reserve for Losses." As of June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac's allowances for losses totaled $7.1 million , or 12 basis points of the outstanding principal balance of loans held for investment and loans underlying LTSPCs and off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities, compared to $6.6 million , or 11 basis points, as of December 31, 2015 .

Farmer Mac's 90-day delinquency measure includes loans 90 days or more past due, as well as loans in foreclosure and non-performing loans where the borrower is in bankruptcy. As of June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac's 90-day delinquencies were $22.1 million ( 0.38 percent of the Farm & Ranch portfolio), compared to $32.1 million ( 0.56 percent of the Farm & Ranch portfolio) as of December 31, 2015 and $31.9 million ( 0.58 percent of the Farm & Ranch portfolio) as of June 30, 2015 . Those 90-day delinquencies were comprised of 40 delinquent loans as of June 30, 2016 , compared with 35 delinquent loans as of December 31, 2015 and 26 delinquent loans as of June 30, 2015 . The decrease in Farmer Mac's 90-day delinquencies as a percentage of its Farm & Ranch portfolio from year-end primarily related to (1) the workout in January 2016 of two Agricultural Storage and Processing loans that financed one canola

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facility and (2) the receipt by Farmer Mac of funds in the amount of $5.0 million to pay off a long-standing delinquent timber loan. In July 2016, Farmer Mac also received funds in the amount of $1.0 million to pay off another delinquent timber loan with the same borrower. Farmer Mac's 90-day delinquencies have historically fluctuated from quarter to quarter, both in dollars and as a percentage of the outstanding Farm & Ranch portfolio, with higher levels generally observed at the end of the first and third quarters of each year, which corresponds with the annual (January 1st) and semi-annual (January 1st and July 1st) payment characteristics of most Farm & Ranch loans. Farmer Mac expects that over time its 90-day delinquency rate will eventually revert closer to Farmer Mac's historical averages due to macroeconomic and other potential factors, but Farmer Mac has not yet seen an impact on its portfolio or a rise in delinquencies related to these factors. Farmer Mac's average 90-day delinquency rate for the Farm & Ranch line of business over the last fifteen years is approximately 1 percent.

The following table presents historical information regarding Farmer Mac's 90-day delinquencies in the Farm & Ranch line of business compared to the principal balance of all Farm & Ranch loans held and loans underlying off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities and LTSPCs:

Table 16



	Farm & Ranch Line of Business		90-Day Delinquencies		Percentage
	(dollars in thousands)
As of:
June 30, 2016	$	5,830,533	$	22,093	0.38	%
March 31, 2016	5,713,789		34,680		0.61	%
December 31, 2015	5,725,299		32,136		0.56	%
September 30, 2015	5,504,030		36,669		0.67	%
June 30, 2015	5,485,570		31,852		0.58	%
March 31, 2015	5,347,248		32,101		0.60	%
December 31, 2014	5,417,174		18,917		0.35	%
September 30, 2014	5,314,437		24,661		0.46	%
June 30, 2014	5,310,664		25,911		0.49	%

When analyzing the overall risk profile of its lines of business, Farmer Mac takes into account more than the Farm & Ranch loan delinquency percentages provided above. The lines of business also include AgVantage securities and Rural Utilities loans held and underlying LTSPCs, neither of which have any delinquencies, and USDA Securities, which are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. Across all of Farmer Mac's lines of business, 90-day delinquencies represented 0.13 percent of total outstanding business volume as of June 30, 2016 , compared to 0.20 percent as of December 31, 2015 .

As of June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac individually evaluated $22.6 million of the $74.7 million of recorded investment in impaired loans for collateral shortfalls against updated appraised values, other updated collateral valuations, or discounted values. For the remaining $52.1 million of impaired assets for which updated valuations were not available, Farmer Mac evaluated them in the aggregate in consideration of their similar risk characteristics and historical statistics. Farmer Mac recorded specific allowances of $2.3 million for undercollateralized assets as of June 30, 2016 . Farmer Mac's non-specific or general allowances were $4.8 million as of June 30, 2016 .

Loans in the Farm & Ranch line of business are all secured by first liens on agricultural real estate. Accordingly, Farmer Mac's exposure on a loan is limited to the difference between (1) the total of the accrued interest, advances, and the principal balance of a loan and (2) the value of the property less the

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cost to sell. Measurement of that excess or shortfall is the best predictor and determinant of loss, compared to other measures that evaluate the efficiency of a particular farm operator. Debt service ratios depend upon farm operator efficiency and leverage, which can vary widely within a geographic region, commodity type, or an operator's business and farming skills. A loan's original loan-to-value ratio is one of many factors Farmer Mac considers in evaluating loss severity and is calculated by dividing the loan principal balance at the time of guarantee, purchase, or commitment by the appraised value at the date of loan origination or, when available, updated appraised value at the time of guarantee, purchase, or commitment. Other factors include, but are not limited to, other underwriting standards, commodity and farming forecasts, and regional economic and agricultural conditions.

Loan-to-value ratios depend upon the market value of a property, as determined in accordance with Farmer Mac's collateral valuation standards. As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the average unpaid loan balance for loans outstanding in the Farm & Ranch line of business was $597,000 and $602,000 , respectively. The original loan-to-value ratio is based on the original appraised value that has not been indexed to provide a current market value or reflect amortization of loans. The weighted average original loan-to-value ratio for Farm & Ranch loans purchased during second quarter 2016 was 45 percent , compared to 44 percent for loans purchased in the same period for 2015. The weighted average original loan-to-value ratio for all Farm & Ranch loans held and all loans underlying off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities and LTSPCs was approximately 46 percent as of both June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 . The weighted-average original loan-to-value ratio for all 90-day delinquencies was 41 percent and 45 percent , respectively, as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 .

The weighted average current loan-to-value ratio, which is the loan-to-value ratio based on original appraised value but which reflects loan amortization since purchase, for Farm & Ranch loans held and loans underlying off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities and LTSPCs was approximately 44 percent as of both June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 .

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The following table presents outstanding Farm & Ranch loans held and loans underlying LTSPCs and off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities and 90-day delinquencies as of June 30, 2016 by year of origination, geographic region, commodity/collateral type, and original loan-to-value ratio:

Table 17



Farm & Ranch 90-Day Delinquencies as of June 30, 2016
	Distribution of Farm & Ranch Line of Business		Farm & Ranch Line of Business		90-Day Delinquencies ⁽¹⁾		Percentage
	(dollars in thousands)
By year of origination:
2004 and Prior	10	%	574,110		6,212		1.08	%
2005	3	%	170,117		931		0.55	%
2006	3	%	155,761		—		—	%
2007	3	%	165,988		1,709		1.03	%
2008	4	%	214,519		999		0.47	%
2009	2	%	140,848		587		0.42	%
2010	4	%	227,423		—		—	%
2011	5	%	313,390		6,669		2.13	%
2012	12	%	714,705		1,783		0.25	%
2013	18	%	1,047,481		1,494		0.14	%
2014	13	%	741,705		1,709		0.23	%
2015	16	%	924,564		—		—	%
2016	7	%	439,922		—		—	%
Total	100	%	$	5,830,533	$	22,093	0.38	%
By geographic region ⁽²⁾ :
Northwest	10	%	$	613,508	$	3,951	0.64	%
Southwest	30	%	1,722,509		4,889		0.28	%
Mid-North	35	%	2,045,422		1,647		0.08	%
Mid-South	14	%	794,257		1,779		0.22	%
Northeast	4	%	225,405		6,583		2.92	%
Southeast	7	%	429,432		3,244		0.76	%
Total	100	%	$	5,830,533	$	22,093	0.38	%
By commodity/collateral type:
Crops	57	%	$	3,320,609	$	11,894	0.36	%
Permanent plantings	17	%	957,898		6,678		0.70	%
Livestock	21	%	1,225,596		937		0.08	%
Part-time farm	4	%	264,508		2,584		0.98	%
Ag. Storage and Processing	1	%	53,803		—		—	%
Other	—		8,119		—		—	%
Total	100	%	$	5,830,533	$	22,093	0.38	%
By original loan-to-value ratio:
0.00% to 40.00%	28	%	$	1,632,950	$	7,004	0.43	%
40.01% to 50.00%	23	%	1,339,807		2,729		0.20	%
50.01% to 60.00%	27	%	1,603,174		9,243		0.58	%
60.01% to 70.00%	19	%	1,086,716		2,297		0.21	%
70.01% to 80.00% ⁽³⁾	3	%	150,822		820		0.54	%
80.01% to 90.00% ⁽³⁾	—	%	17,064		—		—	%
Total	100	%	$	5,830,533	$	22,093	0.38	%


⁽¹⁾	Includes loans held and loans underlying off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities and LTSPCs that are 90 days or more past due, in foreclosure, and in bankruptcy, excluding loans performing under either their original loan terms or a court-approved bankruptcy plan.


⁽²⁾	Geographic regions: Northwest (AK, ID, MT, OR, WA, WY); Southwest (AZ, CA, CO, HI, NM, NV, UT); Mid-North (IA, IL, IN, MI, MN, NE, ND, SD, WI); Mid-South (AR, KS, LA, MO, OK, TX); Northeast (CT, DE, KY, MA, MD, ME, NH, NJ, NY, OH, PA, RI, VA, VT, WV); Southeast (AL, FL, GA, MS, NC, SC, TN).


⁽³⁾	Primarily part-time farm loans. Loans with an original loan-to-value ratio of greater than 80% are required to have private mortgage insurance.

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The following table presents Farmer Mac's cumulative net credit losses relative to the cumulative original balance for all Farm & Ranch loans purchased and loans underlying LTSPCs and off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities as of June 30, 2016 by year of origination, geographic region, and commodity/collateral type. The purpose of this information is to present information regarding losses relative to original Farm & Ranch purchases, guarantees, and commitments.

Table 18



Farm & Ranch Credit Losses Relative to Cumulative
Original Loans, Guarantees, and LTSPCs as of June 30, 2016
	Cumulative Original Loans, Guarantees and LTSPCs		Cumulative Net Credit Losses			Cumulative Loss Rate
	(dollars in thousands)
By year of origination:
Before 2005	10,829,663		11,915			0.11	%
2005	898,369		(184		)	(0.02	)%
2006	898,740		9,617			1.07	%
2007	716,816		4,686			0.65	%
2008	811,050		3,247			0.40	%
2009	541,987		1,508			0.28	%
2010	648,117		—			—	%
2011	748,586		3,661			0.49	%
2012	1,111,943		—			—	%
2013	1,373,465		—			—	%
2014	914,350		—			—	%
2015	991,552		—			—	%
2016	474,914		—			—	%
Total	$	20,959,552	$	34,450		0.16	%
By geographic region ⁽¹⁾ :
Northwest	$	2,839,436	$	11,063		0.39	%
Southwest	7,236,761		9,108			0.13	%
Mid-North	5,342,747		12,830			0.24	%
Mid-South	2,498,822		(211		)	(0.01	)%
Northeast	1,289,871		169			0.01	%
Southeast	1,751,915		1,491			0.09	%
Total	$	20,959,552	$	34,450		0.16	%
By commodity/collateral type:
Crops	$	9,741,431	$	4,382		0.04	%
Permanent plantings	4,193,874		9,332			0.22	%
Livestock	5,106,874		3,859			0.08	%
Part-time farm	1,123,273		1,204			0.11	%
Ag. Storage and Processing	645,681		15,673			2.43	%
Other	148,419		—			—	%
Total	$	20,959,552	$	34,450		0.16	%


⁽¹⁾	Geographic regions: Northwest (AK, ID, MT, OR, WA, WY); Southwest (AZ, CA, CO, HI, NM, NV, UT); Mid-North (IA, IL, IN, MI, MN, NE, ND, SD, WI); Mid-South (AR, KS, LA, MO, OK, TX); Northeast (CT, DE, KY, MA, MD, ME, NH, NJ, NY, OH, PA, RI, VA, VT, WV); Southeast (AL, FL, GA, MS, NC, SC, TN).

Analysis of portfolio performance indicates that commodity type is the primary determinant of Farmer Mac's exposure to loss on a given loan. Within most commodity groups, certain geographic areas allow greater economies of scale or proximity to markets than others and, consequently, may result in more successful operations within the commodity group. Certain geographic areas also offer better growing conditions and market access than others and, consequently, may result in more versatile and more successful operators within a given commodity group. Farmer Mac's board of directors has established

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policies regarding geographic and commodity concentration to maintain adequate diversification and measure concentration risk.

However, in Farmer Mac's experience, the degree to which the collateral for a commodity group is single-use or highly improved is a more significant determinant of the probability of ultimate losses on a given loan than diversity of geographic location within a commodity group. Commodity groups that tend to be single-use or highly improved include permanent plantings (for example, nut crops), agricultural storage and processing facilities (for example, canola plants and grain processing facilities), and certain livestock facilities (for example, dairy facilities). The versatility of a borrower's operation (and in the case of persisting adverse economic conditions, the borrower's ability to switch commodity groups) will more likely result in profitability for the borrower and, consequently, a lower risk of decreased value for the underlying collateral. Producers of agricultural commodities that require highly improved property are less able to adapt their operations when faced with adverse economic conditions. In addition, in the event of a borrower's default, the prospective sale value of the collateral is more likely to decrease and the related loan may become undercollateralized. This analysis is consistent with corresponding commodity analyses, which indicate that Farmer Mac has experienced higher loss and collateral deficiency rates in permanent planting loans and agricultural storage and processing loans, for which the collateral is typically highly improved and specialized.

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The following tables present concentrations of Farm & Ranch loans held and loans underlying LTSPCs and off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities by commodity type within geographic region and cumulative credit losses by origination year and commodity type:

Table 19



	As of June 30, 2016
	Farm & Ranch Concentrations by Commodity Type within Geographic Region
	Crops			Permanent Plantings			Livestock			Part-time Farm			Ag. Storage and Processing			Other			Total
	(dollars in thousands)
By geographic region ⁽¹⁾ :
Northwest	$	316,059		$	80,891		$	179,833		$	36,725		$	—		$	—		$	613,508
	5.4		%	1.4		%	3.0		%	0.6		%	—		%	—		%	10.4		%
Southwest	513,637			690,917			450,673			50,238			13,612			3,432			1,722,509
	8.9		%	11.8		%	7.7		%	0.9		%	0.2		%	0.1		%	29.6		%
Mid-North	1,762,931			21,638			182,563			54,147			20,151			3,992			2,045,422
	30.2		%	0.4		%	3.1		%	0.9		%	0.3		%	0.1		%	35.0		%
Mid-South	488,481			24,091			241,135			35,646			4,696			208			794,257
	8.4		%	0.4		%	4.1		%	0.6		%	0.1		%	—		%	13.6		%
Northeast	99,110			18,387			48,643			53,298			5,866			101			225,405
	1.7		%	0.3		%	0.9		%	0.9		%	0.1		%	—		%	3.9		%
Southeast	140,391			121,974			122,749			34,454			9,478			386			429,432
	2.4		%	2.2		%	2.1		%	0.6		%	0.2		%	—		%	7.5		%
Total	$	3,320,609		$	957,898		$	1,225,596		$	264,508		$	53,803		$	8,119		$	5,830,533
	57.0		%	16.5		%	20.9		%	4.5		%	0.9		%	0.2		%	100.0		%


⁽¹⁾	Geographic regions: Northwest (AK, ID, MT, OR, WA, WY); Southwest (AZ, CA, CO, HI, NM, NV, UT); Mid-North (IA, IL, IN, MI, MN, NE, ND, SD, WI); Mid-South (AR, KS, LA, MO, OK, TX); Northeast (CT, DE, KY, MA, MD, ME, NH, NJ, NY, OH, PA, RI, VA, VT, WV); Southeast (AL, FL, GA, MS, NC, SC, TN).

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Table 20



	As of June 30, 2016
	Farm & Ranch Cumulative Credit Losses/(Recoveries) by Origination Year and Commodity Type
	Crops			Permanent Plantings			Livestock			Part-time Farm			Ag. Storage and Processing		Total
	(in thousands)
By year of origination:
1995 and Prior	$	277		$	(79	)	$	(107	)	$	—		$	—	$	91
1996	(721		)	2,296			(73		)	—			—		1,502
1997	(397		)	2,785			(131		)	—			—		2,257
1998	(438		)	1,803			1,781			—			—		3,146
1999	(108		)	723			158			296			—		1,069
2000	7			1,907			1,049			(41		)	—		2,922
2001	45			1			132			—			—		178
2002	—			—			—			89			—		89
2003	309			—			—			41			—		350
2004	—			—			162			149			—		311
2005	(87		)	(263		)	—			166			—		(184		)
2006	1,688			—			40			201			7,688		9,617
2007	1,083			11			779			303			2,510		4,686
2008	2,626			—			—			—			621		3,247
2009	98			148			69			—			1,193		1,508
2010	—			—			—			—			—		—
2011	—			—			—			—			3,661		3,661
2012	—			—			—			—			—		—
2013	—			—			—			—			—		—
2014	—			—			—			—			—		—
2015	—			—			—			—			—		—
2016	—			—			—			—			—		—
Total	$	4,382		$	9,332		$	3,859		$	1,204		$	15,673	$	34,450

Farmer Mac regularly conducts detailed, statistical stress tests of its portfolio for credit risk and compares those results to current and historical credit quality metrics and to the various statutory, regulatory, and Farmer Mac's board of directors' capital policy metrics. Farmer Mac's methodologies for pricing its guarantee and commitment fees, managing credit risk, and providing adequate allowances for losses consider all of the foregoing factors and information.

Credit Risk – Institutional . Farmer Mac is exposed to credit risk arising from its business relationships with other institutions including:


•	issuers of AgVantage securities;


•	approved lenders and servicers; and


•	interest rate swap counterparties.

Farmer Mac approves AgVantage counterparties and manages institutional credit risk related to those AgVantage counterparties by requiring them to meet Farmer Mac's standards for creditworthiness for the particular counterparty and transaction. The required collateralization level is established at the time the AgVantage facility is entered into with the counterparty and does not change during the life of the AgVantage securities issued under such facility. In AgVantage transactions, the corporate obligor is

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required to remove from the pool of pledged collateral any loan that becomes more than 30 days delinquent in the payment of principal or interest and to substitute an eligible loan that is current in payment to maintain the minimum required collateralization level. In the event of a default on the general obligation, Farmer Mac would have recourse to the pledged collateral and have rights to the ongoing borrower payments of principal and interest. For Farm Equity AgVantage counterparties, Farmer Mac also requires that the counterparty generally (1) maintain a higher collateralization level, through lower loan-to-value ratio thresholds and higher overcollateralization than required for traditional AgVantage securities and (2) comply with specified financial covenants for the life of the related Farm Equity AgVantage security to avoid default. For a more detailed description of AgVantage securities, see "Business—Farmer Mac Lines of Business—Institutional Credit—AgVantage Securities" in Farmer Mac's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 filed with the SEC on March 10, 2016.

The unpaid principal balance of outstanding on-balance sheet AgVantage securities secured by loans eligible for the Farm & Ranch line of business totaled $3.8 billion as of June 30, 2016 and $3.4 billion as of December 31, 2015 . The unpaid principal balance of on-balance sheet AgVantage securities secured by loans eligible for the Rural Utilities line of business totaled $2.3 billion as of June 30, 2016 and $2.1 billion as of December 31, 2015 . In addition, the unpaid principal balance of outstanding off-balance sheet AgVantage transactions totaled $1.3 billion as of both June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 .

The following table provides information about the issuers of AgVantage securities, as well as the required collateralization levels for those transactions as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 :

Table 21



	As of June 30, 2016				As of December 31, 2015
Counterparty	Balance		Credit Rating	Required Collateralization	Balance		Credit Rating	Required Collateralization
	(dollars in thousands)
AgVantage:
MetLife	$	2,700,000	AA-	103%	$	2,550,000	AA-	103%
CFC ⁽¹⁾	2,615,296		A	100%	2,384,257		A	100%
Rabo Agrifinance, Inc.	1,750,000		None	106%	1,500,000		None	106%
Other ⁽²⁾	84,245		⁽³⁾	102% to 125%	95,716		⁽³⁾	102% to 125%
Farm Equity AgVantage ⁽⁴⁾	241,631		None	110%	194,281		None	110%
Total outstanding	$	7,391,172			$	6,724,254


⁽¹⁾	Includes $300.0 million related to a revolving floating rate AgVantage facility. Farmer Mac receives a fixed fee based on the full dollar amount of the facility. This facility had not been drawn upon as of either June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.


⁽²⁾	Consists of AgVantage securities issued by 5 different issuers as of June 30, 2016 and 6 different issuers as of December 31, 2015.


⁽³⁾	Includes $84.2 million related to 5 issuers without a credit rating as of June 30, 2016 and $70.4 million related to 5 issuers without a credit rating and $25.3 million related to an issuer with a credit rating of BBB- as of December 31, 2015 .


⁽⁴⁾	Consists of securities from 3 separate issuers as of June 30, 2016 and 2 separate issuers as of December 31, 2015 .

Farmer Mac manages institutional credit risk related to lenders and servicers by requiring those institutions to meet Farmer Mac's standards for creditworthiness. Farmer Mac monitors the financial condition of those institutions by evaluating financial statements and bank credit rating agency reports. For more information about Farmer Mac's lender eligibility requirements, see "Business—Farmer Mac Lines of Business—Farm & Ranch—Approved Lenders" and "Business—Farmer Mac Lines of Business—Rural Utilities—Approved Lenders" in Farmer Mac's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 filed with the SEC on March 10, 2016.

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Farmer Mac manages institutional credit risk related to its interest rate swap counterparties through collateralization provisions contained in each of its swap agreements that varies based on the market value of its swaps portfolio with each counterparty. Furthermore, new rules jointly issued by various prudential regulators, including the FCA, establish minimum requirements for the exchange of initial and variation margin between Farmer Mac and its swap dealer counterparties in non-cleared swaps transactions. Farmer Mac will be required to comply with some of these requirements by March 31, 2017. In addition, Farmer Mac transacts interest rate swaps with multiple counterparties to ensure a more even distribution of institutional credit risk related to its swap transactions. As a result of mandatory clearing rules for certain interest rate derivative transactions enacted under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the "Dodd-Frank Act"), Farmer Mac uses the clearing process for cleared swap transactions as another mechanism for managing its derivative counterparty risk. Credit risk related to interest rate swap contracts is discussed in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Risk Management—Interest Rate Risk" and Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements.

Credit Risk – Other Investments . As of June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac had $1.8 billion of cash and cash equivalents and $2.5 billion of investment securities. The management of the credit risk inherent in these investments is governed by Farmer Mac's internal policies as well as FCA regulations, which establish limitations on dollar amount, issuer concentration, and credit quality. Those regulations can be found at 12 C.F.R. §§ 652.1-652.45 (the "Liquidity and Investment Regulations"). In addition to establishing a portfolio of highly liquid investments as an available source of cash, the goals of Farmer Mac's investment policies are designed to minimize Farmer Mac's exposure to financial market volatility, preserve capital, and support Farmer Mac's access to the debt markets.

The Liquidity and Investment Regulations and Farmer Mac's policies generally require each investment or issuer of an investment to be highly rated by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization ("NRSRO"). Investments in mortgage securities and asset-backed securities are required to have a rating in the highest NRSRO category. Corporate debt securities with maturities of no more than five years but more than three years are required to be rated in one of the two highest categories; corporate debt securities with maturities of three years or less are required to be rated in one of the three highest categories. Some investments do not require a rating, such as U.S. Treasury securities and other obligations fully insured by the United States government or a government agency or diversified investment funds regulated under the Investment Company Act of 1940. Investments in diversified investment funds are further limited to those funds that are holding only instruments approved for direct investment by Farmer Mac.

The Liquidity and Investment Regulations and Farmer Mac's policies also establish concentration limits, which are intended to limit exposure to any one counterparty. The Liquidity and Investment Regulations limit Farmer Mac's total credit exposure to any single issuer of securities and uncollateralized financial derivatives to 25 percent of Farmer Mac's regulatory capital (as of June 30, 2016 , 25 percent of Farmer Mac's regulatory capital was $144.9 million ), though Farmer Mac's current policy, for any investments made after the effective date of this policy, limits this total credit exposure to 5 percent of its regulatory capital (as of June 30, 2016 , 5 percent of Farmer Mac's regulatory capital was $29.0 million ). These exposure limits do not apply to obligations of the United States or GSEs, though Farmer Mac is restricted by the Liquidity and Investment Regulations and its own policy from investing more than 100 percent of its regulatory capital in any one GSE.

On February 23, 2016, FCA published a proposed rule in the Federal Register to amend the Liquidity and

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Investment Regulations to comply with Section 939A of the Dodd-Frank Act by removing references and requirements relating to credit ratings and replacing them with other standards of creditworthiness, as well as to revise the eligibility criteria and exposure limits for certain types of investments. Farmer Mac submitted comments on this proposed rule to FCA on April 25, 2016. Farmer Mac expects that it will be able to successfully adapt to FCA's proposed amendments of the Liquidity and Investment Regulations.

Interest Rate Risk . Farmer Mac is subject to interest rate risk on all assets retained on its balance sheet because of possible timing differences in the cash flows of the assets and related liabilities. This risk is primarily related to loans held, Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, and USDA Securities due to the ability of borrowers to prepay their loans before the scheduled maturities, thereby increasing the risk of asset and liability cash flow mismatches. Cash flow mismatches in a changing interest rate environment can reduce the earnings of Farmer Mac if assets repay sooner than expected and the resulting cash flows must be reinvested in lower-yielding investments when Farmer Mac's funding costs cannot be correspondingly reduced, or if assets repay more slowly than expected and the associated debt must be replaced by higher-cost debt. As discussed below, Farmer Mac manages this interest rate risk by funding assets purchased with liabilities matching the duration and cash flow characteristics of the assets purchased.

The goal of interest rate risk management at Farmer Mac is to create and maintain a portfolio that generates stable earnings and value across a variety of interest rate environments. Farmer Mac's primary strategy for managing interest rate risk is to fund asset purchases with liabilities that have similar duration and cash flow characteristics so that they will perform similarly as interest rates change. To match these characteristics, Farmer Mac issues discount notes and both callable and non-callable medium-term notes across a spectrum of maturities. Farmer Mac issues callable debt to offset the prepayment risk associated with some loans. By using a blend of liabilities that includes callable debt, the interest rate sensitivities of the liabilities tend to increase or decrease as interest rates change in a manner similar to changes in the interest rate sensitivities of the assets. Farmer Mac also uses financial derivatives to better match the durations of Farmer Mac's assets and liabilities, thereby reducing overall interest rate sensitivity.

Taking into consideration the prepayment provisions and the default probabilities associated with its loan assets, Farmer Mac uses prepayment models to project and value cash flows associated with these assets. Because borrowers' behaviors in various interest rate environments may change over time, Farmer Mac periodically evaluates the effectiveness of these models compared to actual prepayment experience and adjusts and refines the models as necessary to improve the precision of subsequent prepayment forecasts.

In certain cases, yield maintenance provisions and other prepayment penalties contained in agricultural mortgage loans and rural utilities loans reduce, but do not eliminate, prepayment risk. Those provisions require borrowers to make an additional payment when they prepay their loans, thus compensating Farmer Mac for the shortened duration of the prepaid loan. As of June 30, 2016 , less than 1 percent of the total outstanding balance of loans in the Farm & Ranch line of business where Farmer Mac either owned the loan or the beneficial interest in the underlying loan had yield maintenance provisions or other forms of prepayment protection (together covering 2 percent of all loans with fixed interest rates). Of the Farm & Ranch loans purchased in second quarter 2016 , none had yield maintenance or another form of prepayment protection. As of June 30, 2016 , none of Farmer Mac's USDA Securities had yield maintenance provisions; however, 4 percent contained other prepayment penalties. Of the USDA Securities purchased in second quarter 2016 , 8 percent contained various forms of prepayment penalties. As of June 30, 2016 , 61 percent of the Rural Utilities loans owned by Farmer Mac had yield

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maintenance provisions. Of the Rural Utilities loans purchased in second quarter 2016 , none contained prepayment penalties.

Farmer Mac's purchases of eligible loan assets expose Farmer Mac to interest rate risk arising primarily from uncertainty as to when the borrowers will repay the outstanding principal balance on the related loans. Generally, the values of Farmer Mac's eligible loan assets, and the debt issued to fund these assets, increase when interest rates decline, and their values decrease as interest rates rise. Furthermore, changes in interest rates may affect loan prepayment rates which may, in turn, affect durations and values of the loans. Declining interest rates generally increase prepayment rates, which shortens the duration of these assets, while rising interest rates tend to slow loan prepayments, thereby extending the duration of the loans.

Farmer Mac is also subject to interest rate risk on loans that Farmer Mac has committed to acquire (other than delinquent loans through LTSPCs) but has not yet purchased. When Farmer Mac commits to purchase those loans, it is exposed to interest rate risk between the time it commits to purchase the loans and the time it either:


•	sells Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities backed by the loans; or


•	issues debt to retain the loans in its portfolio.

Farmer Mac manages the interest rate risk related to these loans, and any related Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities or debt issuance, through the use of forward sale contracts on the debt securities of other GSEs and futures contracts involving U.S. Treasury securities. Farmer Mac uses forward sale contracts on GSE securities to reduce its interest rate exposure to changes in both U.S. Treasury rates and spreads on Farmer Mac debt and certain Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities. Issuing debt to fund the loans as investments does not fully eliminate interest rate risk due to the possible timing differences in the cash flows of the assets and related liabilities, as discussed above.

Farmer Mac's $1.8 billion of cash and cash equivalents mature within three months and are funded with discount notes having similar maturities. As of June 30, 2016 , $2.4 billion of the $ 2.5 billion of investment securities ( 99 percent ) were floating rate securities with rates that adjust within one year or fixed rate securities with original maturities between three months and one year. Those securities are funded with effectively floating rate debt that closely matches the rate adjustment dates of the associated investments. As of June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac had outstanding discount notes of $6.6 billion , medium-term notes that mature within one year of $3.5 billion , and medium-term notes that mature after one year of $4.7 billion .

Recognizing that interest rate sensitivity may change with the passage of time and as interest rates change, Farmer Mac assesses this exposure on a regular basis and, if necessary, readjusts its portfolio of assets and liabilities by:


•	purchasing assets in the ordinary course of business;


•	refinancing existing liabilities; or


•	using financial derivatives to alter the characteristics of existing assets or liabilities.

Farmer Mac regularly stress tests its portfolio for interest rate risk and uses a variety of metrics to quantify and manage its interest rate risk. These metrics include sensitivity to interest rate movements of market value of equity ("MVE") and net interest income ("NII") as well as duration gap analysis. MVE

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represents management's estimate of the present value of all future cash flows from on- and off-balance sheet assets, liabilities, and financial derivatives, discounted at current interest rates and appropriate spreads. However, MVE is not indicative of the market value of Farmer Mac as a going concern because these market values are theoretical and do not reflect future business activities. MVE sensitivity analysis is used to measure the degree to which the market values of Farmer Mac's assets and liabilities change for a given change in interest rates. Because this analysis evaluates the impact of interest rate movements on the value of all future cash flows, this measure provides an evaluation of Farmer Mac's long-term interest rate risk.

Farmer Mac's NII is the difference between the yield on its interest-earning assets and its funding costs. Farmer Mac's NII may be affected by changes in market interest rates resulting from timing differences between maturities and re-pricing characteristics of assets and liabilities. The direction and magnitude of any such effect depends on the direction and magnitude of the change in interest rates as well as the composition of Farmer Mac's portfolio. The NII forecast represents an estimate of the net interest income that Farmer Mac's current portfolio is expected to produce over a twelve-month horizon. As a result, NII sensitivity statistics provide a short-term view of Farmer Mac's interest rate sensitivity.

Duration is a measure of a financial instrument's sensitivity to small changes in interest rates. Duration gap is the difference between the estimated durations of Farmer Mac's assets and liabilities. Because duration is a measure of market value sensitivity, duration gap summarizes the extent to which estimated market value sensitivities for assets and liabilities are matched. Duration gap provides a relatively concise measure of the interest rate risk inherent in Farmer Mac's outstanding book of business.

A positive duration gap denotes that the duration of Farmer Mac's assets is greater than the duration of its liabilities. A positive duration gap indicates that the market value of Farmer Mac's assets is more sensitive to small interest rate movements than is the market value of its liabilities. Conversely, a negative duration gap indicates that Farmer Mac's assets are less sensitive to small interest rate movements than are its liabilities.

Each of the metrics is produced using asset/liability models and is derived based on management's best estimates of such factors as projected interest rates, interest rate volatility, and prepayment speeds. Accordingly, these metrics should be understood as estimates rather than precise measurements. In addition, actual results may differ to the extent there are material changes to Farmer Mac's portfolio or changes in strategies undertaken to mitigate unfavorable sensitivities to interest rate changes.

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The following schedule summarizes the results of Farmer Mac's MVE and NII sensitivity analysis as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 to an immediate and instantaneous uniform or "parallel" shift in the yield curve:

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	Percentage Change in MVE from Base Case
Interest Rate Scenario	As of June 30, 2016		As of December 31, 2015
+100 basis points	5.2	%	0.7	%
-25 basis points	(3.0	)%	(1.3	)%



	Percentage Change in NII from Base Case
Interest Rate Scenario	As of June 30, 2016		As of December 31, 2015
+100 basis points	2.7	%	4.4	%
-25 basis points	(0.9	)%	(0.4	)%

Farmer Mac's board of directors has established policies and procedures regarding MVE and NII sensitivity. These policies include the measurement of MVE and NII sensitivity to more severe decreasing interest rate scenarios that are consistent in magnitude with the increasing interest rate scenarios. However, given the low interest rate environment, such rate scenarios produce negative interest rates, and, as a result, do not produce results that are meaningful. Consequently, Farmer Mac measures and reports MVE and NII sensitivity to a down 25 basis point interest rate shock.

As of June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac's effective duration gap was negative 3.6 months , compared to negative 1.6 months as of December 31, 2015 . During the first half of 2016, long term interest rates decreased sharply. This rate movement shortened the duration of Farmer Mac's mortgage assets relative to its liabilities, thereby widening slightly Farmer Mac's duration gap. Farmer Mac's overall interest rate sensitivity remained relatively stable and at relatively low levels during the quarter.

The economic effects of financial derivatives are included in Farmer Mac's MVE, NII, and duration gap analyses. Farmer Mac enters into the following financial derivative transactions principally to protect against risk from the effects of market price or interest rate movements on the value of assets, future cash flows, credit exposure, and debt issuance, not for trading or speculative purposes:


•	"pay-fixed" interest rate swaps, in which Farmer Mac pays fixed rates of interest to, and receives floating rates of interest from, counterparties;


•	"receive-fixed" interest rate swaps, in which Farmer Mac receives fixed rates of interest from, and pays floating rates of interest to, counterparties; and


•	"basis swaps," in which Farmer Mac pays variable rates of interest based on one index to, and receives variable rates of interest based on another index from, counterparties.

As of June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac had $8.5 billion combined notional amount of interest rate swaps, with terms ranging from less than one year to twenty-five years, of which $2.0 billion were pay-fixed interest rate swaps, $6.1 billion were receive-fixed interest rate swaps, and $0.4 billion were basis swaps.

Farmer Mac enters into interest rate swap contracts to synthetically adjust the characteristics of its debt to match more closely the cash flow and duration characteristics of its loans and other assets, thereby reducing interest rate risk and often times deriving an overall lower effective cost of borrowing than would

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otherwise be available to Farmer Mac in the conventional debt market. Specifically, interest rate swaps synthetically convert the variable cash flows related to the forecasted issuance of short-term debt into effectively fixed rate medium-term notes that match the anticipated duration and interest rate characteristics of the corresponding assets. Farmer Mac evaluates the overall cost of using the swap market as a funding alternative and uses interest rate swaps to manage specific interest rate risks for specific transactions. Certain financial derivatives are designated as fair value hedges of fixed rate assets classified as available-for-sale to protect against fair value changes in the assets related to a benchmark interest rate (e.g., LIBOR).

Farmer Mac has used callable interest rate swaps (in conjunction with the issuance of short-term debt) as an alternative to callable medium-term notes with equivalently structured maturities and call options. The call options on the swaps are designed to match the prepayment options on those assets without prepayment protection. The blended durations of the swaps are also designed to match the duration of the related assets over their estimated lives. If the assets prepay, the swaps can be called and the short-term debt repaid; if the assets do not prepay, the swaps remain outstanding and the short-term debt is rolled over, effectively providing fixed rate callable funding over the lives of the related assets. Thus, the economics of the assets are closely matched to the economics of the interest rate swap and funding combination.

In addition to being exposed to the risk of asset and liability cash flow mismatches, Farmer Mac is exposed to the risk related to changes in its cost of funds relative to floating rate market indexes (such as LIBOR) on some of the floating rate assets it holds. This exposure is referred to as "basis risk." Some of Farmer Mac's floating rate assets reset on rate adjustment dates on the basis of a floating rate market index, whereas the related debt that Farmer Mac issued to fund those assets until their maturities may be refinanced on the basis of Farmer Mac’s cost of funds at a particular time. Basis risk arises from the potential variability between the rates at which those floating rate assets reset and the rates at which Farmer Mac can issue debt to fund those assets. Farmer Mac can fund these floating rate assets in several ways, including:


•	issuing short-term discount notes with maturities that match the reset period of the assets;


•	issuing floating rate medium-term notes with maturities that match the maturities of the assets;


•	issuing non-maturity matched, floating rate medium-term notes; or


•	issuing non-maturity matched, fixed-rate discount notes or medium-term notes swapped to match the interest rate reset dates of the assets as an alternative source of effectively floating rate funding.

Farmer Mac typically uses the last option identified in the list above to fund these floating rate assets because this funding strategy is usually the most effective way to provide an interest rate match, maintain a suitable liquidity profile, and lower Farmer Mac’s cost of funds. As funding for these floating rate assets matures, Farmer Mac seeks to refinance the debt associated with these assets in a similar fashion to achieve an appropriate interest rate match for the remaining life of the assets. However, if the rates on Farmer Mac’s discount notes or medium-term notes deteriorate relative to LIBOR during the time between when these floating rate assets were first funded and when Farmer Mac refinances the associated debt, Farmer Mac is exposed to a commensurate reduction in its net effective spread on the associated assets. Conversely, if the rates on Farmer Mac’s discount notes or medium-term notes improve relative to LIBOR during that time, Farmer Mac would benefit from a commensurate increase in its net effective spread on those assets.

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Farmer Mac is also subject to basis risk on some of its fixed rate assets as a result of its use of pay-fixed interest rate swaps, combined with a series of discount note or medium-term note issuances, as an alternative source of effectively fixed rate funding. This risk arises because the rates at which Farmer Mac refinances its funding for some fixed rate assets through the issuance of discount notes or medium-term notes may vary from the agreed-upon rates based on the floating rate market index received by Farmer Mac on the associated swaps. In these cases, if the rates on Farmer Mac's discount notes or medium-term notes were to deteriorate relative to LIBOR, Farmer Mac would be exposed to a commensurate reduction in its net interest income and net effective spread. Conversely, if the rates on Farmer Mac's discount notes or medium-term notes were to improve relative to LIBOR, Farmer Mac would benefit from a commensurate increase in its net interest income and net effective spread.

To mitigate this basis risk, Farmer Mac seeks to issue debt of sufficient maturity to reduce the frequency of required refinancing of that debt over the life of the associated asset. As of June 30, 2016, Farmer Mac held $6.3 billion of floating-rate assets in its lines of business and its liquidity investment portfolio that reset on the basis of floating rate market indexes, primarily one-month and three-month LIBOR. As of the same date, Farmer Mac also had $2.0 billion of interest rate swaps outstanding where Farmer Mac pays a fixed rate of interest and receives a floating rate of interest.

During fourth quarter 2015, the levels at which Farmer Mac issued discount notes and medium-term notes deteriorated versus LIBOR. Farmer Mac believes that this deterioration was caused by a significant compression of spreads between U.S. Treasury interest rates and corresponding interest rate swap rates, and was not related to any developments specific to Farmer Mac. In response to this deterioration, Farmer Mac has slightly shortened the maturity profile of its effectively floating rate debt and increased its pricing targets on new floating rate and certain fixed rate asset purchases. Although short-term funding levels improved somewhat during second quarter 2016, Farmer Mac's funding costs relative to LIBOR continue to be less attractive compared to its historical experience.

As discussed in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements, all financial derivatives are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value as a freestanding asset or liability. Changes in the fair values of financial derivatives are reported in " (Losses)/gains on financial derivatives and hedging activities " in the consolidated statements of operations . For financial derivatives designated in fair value hedge accounting relationships, changes in the fair values of the hedged items related to the risk being hedged are also reported in " (Losses)/gains on financial derivatives and hedging activities " in the consolidated statements of operations . The accrual of the contractual amounts due on the financial derivative is included as an adjustment to the yield of the hedged item and is reported in net interest income. For financial derivatives designated in cash flow hedge accounting relationships, the effective portion of the derivative gain/loss is recorded in other comprehensive income; amounts are disclosed as a reclassification out of other comprehensive income and affecting net interest income when the hedged transaction occurs and affects earnings. Any ineffective portion of designated hedge transactions is recognized immediately in " (Losses)/gains on financial derivatives and hedging activities ". All of Farmer Mac's financial derivative transactions are conducted under standard collateralized agreements that limit Farmer Mac's potential credit exposure to any counterparty. As of June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac had no uncollateralized net exposures. As of December 31, 2015 , Farmer Mac had uncollateralized net exposures of $47,000 to one counterparty.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Farmer Mac regularly accesses the capital markets for funding, and Farmer Mac has maintained access to the capital markets at favorable rates throughout 2015 and the first six months of 2016. Assuming continued access to the capital markets, Farmer Mac believes it has sufficient liquidity and capital resources to support its operations for the next 12 months and for the foreseeable future. Farmer Mac also has a liquidity contingency plan to manage unanticipated disruptions in its access to the capital markets. That plan involves borrowing through repurchase agreement arrangements and the sale of liquid assets. Farmer Mac is required to maintain a minimum of 90 days of liquidity under the Liquidity and Investment Regulations. In accordance with the methodology for calculating available days of liquidity prescribed by those regulations, Farmer Mac maintained an average of 154 days of liquidity during second quarter 2016 and had 145 days of liquidity as of June 30, 2016 .

Debt Issuance . Farmer Mac funds its purchases of eligible loan assets and investment assets and finances its operations primarily by issuing debt obligations of various maturities through a network of dealers in the public capital markets. Farmer Mac works to enhance its funding operations by undertaking extensive debt investor relations initiatives, including conducting non-deal roadshows with institutional investors, making periodic dealer sales force presentations, and speaking at fixed income investor conferences throughout the United States. Debt obligations issued by Farmer Mac include discount notes and fixed and floating rate medium-term notes, including callable notes.

Farmer Mac's board of directors has authorized the issuance of up to $18.0 billion of discount notes and medium-term notes (of which $14.8 billion was outstanding as of June 30, 2016 ), subject to periodic review of the adequacy of that level relative to Farmer Mac's borrowing requirements. Farmer Mac invests the proceeds of its debt issuances in purchases of loans, USDA Securities, Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, and investment assets in accordance with policies established by its board of directors and subject to regulations established by FCA.

Liquidity . The funding and liquidity needs of Farmer Mac's lines of business are driven by the purchase and retention of eligible loans, USDA Securities, and Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities (including AgVantage securities); the maturities of Farmer Mac's discount notes and medium-term notes; and payment of principal and interest on Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities. Farmer Mac's primary sources of funds to meet these needs are the proceeds of its debt issuances, fees for its guarantees and commitments, net effective spread, loan repayments, and maturities of AgVantage securities.

Farmer Mac maintains cash, cash equivalents (including U.S. Treasury securities and other short-term money market instruments), and other investment securities that can be drawn upon for liquidity needs. The following table presents these assets as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 :

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Table 23



	As of June 30, 2016		As of December 31, 2015
	(in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,764,626	$	1,210,084
Investment securities:
Guaranteed by U.S. Government and its agencies	1,398,356		1,558,003
Guaranteed by GSEs	1,007,020		1,114,148
Corporate debt securities	10,002		19,985
Asset-backed securities	45,582		83,380
Total	$	4,225,586	$	3,985,600

Farmer Mac's asset-backed investment securities include callable, highly rated auction-rate certificates ("ARCs"), the interest rates on which are reset through an auction process, most commonly at intervals of 28 days, or at formula-based floating rates as set forth in the related transaction documents in the event of a failed auction. These formula-based floating rates, which may at times reset to zero, are intended to preserve the underlying principal balance of the securities and avoid overall cash shortfalls. Accordingly, payments of accrued interest may be delayed and are ultimately subject to cash availability. Beginning in mid-February 2008, there were widespread failures of the auction mechanism designed to provide regular liquidity to these types of securities. Consequently, Farmer Mac has not sold any of its ARCs into the auctions since that time. All ARCs held by Farmer Mac are collateralized entirely by pools of Federal Family Education Loan Program guaranteed student loans that are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. Farmer Mac continues to believe that the credit quality of these securities is high, based on the underlying collateralization and the securities' ratings. To date, Farmer Mac has received all interest due on ARCs it holds and expects to continue to do so. Farmer Mac does not believe that the auction failures will affect Farmer Mac's liquidity or its ability to fund its operations or make dividend payments. All ARCs held by Farmer Mac are callable by the issuers at par at any time.

The carrying value of Farmer Mac's ARCs investments was $17.7 million as of June 30, 2016 , compared to $44.9 million as of December 31, 2015. During the first half of 2016, Farmer Mac sold two available-for-sale auction rate certificates and received gross proceeds of $26.8 million, resulting in a realized loss of $0.1 million, which Farmer Mac had recognized in third quarter 2015 as other-than-temporary impairment losses. As of June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac's carrying value of all of its ARCs investments was 90 percent of par. The discounted carrying value reflects uncertainty regarding the ability to obtain par in the absence of any active market trading. See Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements for more information on the carrying value of ARCs.

Capital . Farmer Mac is subject to the following capital requirements – minimum, critical, and risk-based. Farmer Mac is required to comply with the higher of the minimum capital requirement and the risk-based capital requirement. The minimum capital requirement is expressed as a percentage of on-balance sheet assets and off-balance sheet obligations. The critical capital requirement is equal to one-half of the minimum capital amount. Farmer Mac's statutory charter does not specify the required level of risk-based capital but directs FCA to establish a risk-based capital stress test for Farmer Mac, using specified stress test parameters. Certain enforcement powers are given to FCA depending on Farmer Mac's compliance with these capital standards. As of June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac was in compliance with its statutory capital requirements and was classified as within "level I" (the highest compliance level). See Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements for more information about Farmer Mac's capital position and see "Business—Government Regulation of Farmer Mac—Capital Standards" in Farmer Mac's Annual Report

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on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 filed with the SEC on March 10, 2016 for more information on the capital requirements applicable to Farmer Mac.

In accordance with FCA's rule on capital planning, Farmer Mac's board of directors has adopted a policy for maintaining a sufficient level of "Tier 1" capital (consisting of retained earnings, paid-in-capital, common stock, qualifying preferred stock, and accumulated other comprehensive income allocable to investments not included in one of the four operating lines of business). That policy imposes restrictions on Tier 1-eligible dividends and any discretionary bonus payments in the event that Tier 1 capital falls below specified thresholds. As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, Farmer Mac's Tier 1 capital ratio was 9.8% and 10.5% , respectively. The decrease in the Tier 1 capital ratio from year-end was due to an increase in risk weighted assets primarily resulting from growth in outstanding business volume. For more information about Farmer Mac's capital adequacy policy and FCA's rule on capital planning, see "Business—Government Regulation of Farmer Mac—Capital Standards" in Farmer Mac's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 filed with the SEC on March 10, 2016. As of June 30, 2016 , Farmer Mac was in compliance with its capital adequacy policy.

Farmer Mac II LLC redeemed all of the outstanding shares of Farmer Mac II LLC Preferred Stock on March 30, 2015, the initial redemption date, at a cash redemption price equal to the liquidation preference (the same as the par value) of $1,000 per share, using the $150.0 million in proceeds of the preferred stock offerings Farmer Mac completed in 2014 and cash on hand to fund this redemption. The redemption of the Farmer Mac II LLC Preferred Stock triggered the redemption of all of the outstanding FALConS on the same day. For more information on the Farmer Mac II LLC Preferred Stock and Farmer Mac's capital, see "Business—Financing—Equity Issuance—Non-Controlling Interest in Farmer Mac II LLC" and "Business—Government Regulation of Farmer Mac—Capital Standards" in Farmer Mac's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 filed with the SEC on March 10, 2016.

Regulatory Matters

The Dodd-Frank Act contains a variety of provisions designed to regulate financial markets. Certain provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act, including those regarding derivatives, corporate governance, and executive compensation, apply to Farmer Mac. On October 22, 2015, the Federal Reserve Board, FCA, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal Housing Finance Agency, and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency adopted a joint final rule to establish minimum requirements for the exchange of initial and variation margin between swap dealers or major swap participants and their counterparties to non-cleared swaps. This final rule, which will become effective later this year, will establish minimum requirements for the exchange of initial and variation margin between Farmer Mac and its swap dealer counterparties in non-cleared swaps transactions. On February 23, 2016, FCA published a proposed rule in the Federal Register to amend the Liquidity and Investment Regulations to comply with Section 939A of the Dodd-Frank Act by removing references and requirements relating to credit ratings and replacing them with other standards of creditworthiness, as well as to revise the eligibility criteria and exposure limits for certain types of investments. Farmer Mac submitted comments on this proposed rule to FCA on April 25, 2016. Farmer Mac does not expect that any of the final rules that have been adopted under the Dodd-Frank Act (including the final rule establishing margin requirements for non-cleared swaps) or that are anticipated to be adopted (including the FCA's proposed rule that would replace references and requirements related to credit ratings with other standards of creditworthiness) will have a material effect on Farmer Mac's business activities and operations or financial condition. Farmer Mac will continue to monitor all applicable developments in the implementation of the Dodd-Frank Act and expects

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to be able to adapt successfully to any new applicable legislative and regulatory requirements.

On July 27, 2016, the FCA published a final rule in the Federal Register to address Farmer Mac's board governance and standards of conduct, including conflicts of interest, risk governance, and Farmer Mac's existing disclosure and reporting requirements. This final rule will become effective no earlier than 30 days after the publication in the Federal Register during which either or both Houses of Congress are in session. Farmer Mac does not expect that this final rule will have a material effect on Farmer Mac's business activities and operations or financial condition.

Other Matters

Common Stock Dividends . For each of the first and second quarters of 2016, Farmer Mac paid a quarterly dividend of $0.26 per share on all classes of its common stock. For each quarter in 2015, Farmer Mac paid a quarterly dividend of $0.16 per share on all classes of its common stock. Farmer Mac's ability to declare and pay dividends on common stock could be restricted if it fails to comply with applicable capital requirements. See "Business—Government Regulation of Farmer Mac—Capital Standards—Enforcement Levels" in Farmer Mac's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 filed with the SEC on March 10, 2016.

Preferred Stock Dividends . For each of the first and second quarters of 2016 and for each quarter of 2015,

Farmer Mac paid the following quarterly dividends on its outstanding preferred stock:


•	$0.3672 per share on its 5.875% Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series A;


•	$0.4297 per share on its 6.875% Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series B; and


•	$0.3750 per share on its 6.000% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series C.

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Supplemental Information

The following tables present quarterly and annual information regarding new business volume, repayments, and outstanding business volume:

Table 24



New Business Volume
	Farm & Ranch				USDA Guarantees		Rural Utilities				Institutional Credit
	Loans		LTSPCs		USDA Securities		Loans		LTSPCs		AgVantage		Total
	(in thousands)
For the quarter ended:
June 30, 2016	$	241,093	$	58,156	$	133,745	$	10,000	$	421,404	$	396,245	$	1,260,643
March 31, 2016	198,548		68,017		98,968		9,691		—		927,219		1,302,443
December 31, 2015	245,252		185,919		72,442		46,082		—		14,391		564,086
September 30, 2015	175,965		79,621		91,374		53,552		522,262		506,602		1,429,376
June 30, 2015	196,927		102,944		123,933		—		—		307,250		731,054
March 31, 2015	130,224		59,311		89,186		8,703		—		214,915		502,339
December 31, 2014	196,058		72,045		86,942		6,972		—		454,490		816,507
September 30, 2014	150,243		77,368		97,275		9,936		—		295,700		630,522
June 30, 2014	159,116		34,850		90,785		4,689		—		300,775		590,215

For the year ended:
December 31, 2015	748,368		427,795		376,935		108,337		522,262		1,043,158		3,226,855
December 31, 2014	697,824		369,857		342,986		75,500		—		1,279,655		2,765,822

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Table 25



Repayments of Assets by Line of Business
	Farm & Ranch						USDA Guarantees		Rural Utilities				Institutional Credit
	Loans		Guaranteed Securities		LTSPCs		USDA Securities		Loans		LTSPCs		AgVantage		Total
	(in thousands)
For the quarter ended:
Scheduled	$	10,769	$	9,876	$	34,610	$	34,434	$	82	$	7,424	$	66,699	$	163,894
Unscheduled	64,184		8,947		54,119		68,535		—		—		—		195,785
June 30, 2016	$	74,953	$	18,823	$	88,729	$	102,969	$	82	$	7,424	$	66,699	$	359,679

Scheduled	$	42,555	$	17,866	$	42,619	$	42,969	$	25,966	$	4,140	$	589,847	$	765,962
Unscheduled	91,510		10,883		72,642		44,694		—		—		—		219,729
March 31, 2016	$	134,065	$	28,749	$	115,261	$	87,663	$	25,966	$	4,140	$	589,847	$	985,691

Scheduled	$	6,689	$	16,884	$	26,265	$	18,981	$	11,234	$	4,165	$	15,154	$	99,372
Unscheduled	59,280		22,534		78,250		33,809		—		—		—		193,873
December 31, 2015	$	65,969	$	39,418	$	104,515	$	52,790	$	11,234	$	4,165	$	15,154	$	293,245

Scheduled	$	37,524	$	11,178	$	45,943	$	19,785	$	25,662	$	4,033	$	609,524	$	753,649
Unscheduled	70,242		11,164		61,075		35,394		—		—		—		177,875
September 30, 2015	$	107,766	$	22,342	$	107,018	$	55,179	$	25,662	$	4,033	$	609,524	$	931,524

Scheduled	$	8,687	$	11,126	$	34,064	$	31,064	$	19	$	—	$	9,245	$	94,205
Unscheduled	48,659		11,299		47,714		45,357		13,910		—		—		166,939
June 30, 2015	$	57,346	$	22,425	$	81,778	$	76,421	$	13,929	$	—	$	9,245	$	261,144

Scheduled	$	39,803	$	21,163	$	53,747	$	33,388	$	25,805	$	—	$	81,922	$	255,828
Unscheduled	59,731		16,687		68,330		38,914		390		—		—		184,052
March 31, 2015	$	99,534	$	37,850	$	122,077	$	72,302	$	26,195	$	—	$	81,922	$	439,880

Scheduled	$	7,000	$	19,821	$	28,472	$	16,966	$	—	$	—	$	9,349	$	81,608
Unscheduled	29,284		21,907		58,882		31,890		—		—		—		141,963
December 31, 2014	$	36,284	$	41,728	$	87,354	$	48,856	$	—	$	—	$	9,349	$	223,571

Scheduled	$	37,361	$	11,560	$	45,631	$	18,123	$	43,612	$	—	$	383,130	$	539,417
Unscheduled	59,601		15,002		54,683		29,539		—		—		—		158,825
September 30, 2014	$	96,962	$	26,562	$	100,314	$	47,662	$	43,612	$	—	$	383,130	$	698,242

Scheduled	$	9,813	$	13,623	$	52,622	$	28,681	$	—	$	—	$	361,831	$	466,570
Unscheduled	45,094		13,575		42,550		38,465		19,622		—		—		159,306
June 30, 2014	$	54,907	$	27,198	$	95,172	$	67,146	$	19,622	$	—	$	361,831	$	625,876

For the year ended:
Scheduled	$	92,703	$	60,351	$	160,019	$	103,218	$	62,720	$	8,198	$	715,845	$	1,203,054
Unscheduled	237,912		61,684		255,369		153,474		14,300		—		—		722,739
December 31, 2015	$	330,615	$	122,035	$	415,388	$	256,692	$	77,020	$	8,198	$	715,845	$	1,925,793

Scheduled	$	95,761	$	69,434	$	174,882	$	93,089	$	67,356	$	—	$	930,578	$	1,431,100
Unscheduled	197,308		60,231		215,971		138,980		74,786		—		—		687,276
December 31, 2014	$	293,069	$	129,665	$	390,853	$	232,069	$	142,142	$	—	$	930,578	$	2,118,376

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Table 26



Lines of Business - Outstanding Business Volume
	Farm & Ranch						USDA Guarantees		Rural Utilities				Institutional Credit
	Loans		Guaranteed Securities		LTSPCs		USDA Securities		Loans		LTSPCs		AgVantage		Total
	(in thousands)
As of:
June 30, 2016	$	3,188,598	$	466,479	$	2,175,456	$	1,960,358	$	1,001,769	$	932,704	$	7,391,172	$	17,116,536
March 31, 2016	3,022,458		485,302		2,206,029		1,929,582		991,851		518,724		7,061,626		16,215,572
December 31, 2015	2,957,975		514,051		2,253,273		1,918,277		1,008,126		522,864		6,724,254		15,898,820
September 30, 2015	2,778,692		553,469		2,171,869		1,898,625		982,078		518,229		6,725,017		15,627,979
June 30, 2015	2,710,493		575,811		2,199,266		1,862,430		954,188		—		6,827,939		15,130,127
March 31, 2015	2,570,912		598,236		2,178,100		1,814,918		968,117		—		6,529,934		14,660,217
December 31, 2014	2,540,222		636,086		2,240,866		1,798,034		985,609		—		6,396,941		14,597,758
September 30, 2014	2,380,448		677,814		2,256,175		1,759,948		978,637		—		5,951,800		14,004,822
June 30, 2014	2,327,167		704,376		2,279,121		1,710,335		1,012,313		—		6,039,230		14,072,542

Table 27



On-Balance Sheet Outstanding Business Volume
	Fixed Rate		5- to 10-Year ARMs & Resets		1-Month to 3-Year ARMs		Total Held in Portfolio
	(in thousands)
As of:
June 30, 2016	$	5,201,386	$	2,157,342	$	4,867,336	$	12,226,064
March 31, 2016	4,942,566		2,296,767		4,468,045		11,707,378
December 31, 2015	4,923,163		2,271,960		4,118,366		11,313,489
September 30, 2015	4,889,894		2,147,916		4,049,361		11,087,171
June 30, 2015	5,136,559		2,118,999		4,102,075		11,357,633
March 31, 2015	5,006,542		2,020,600		3,857,363		10,884,505
December 31, 2014	5,020,085		2,002,943		3,697,272		10,720,300
September 30, 2014	4,823,897		1,919,353		3,324,703		10,067,953
June 30, 2014	4,955,560		1,881,625		3,247,011		10,084,196

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The following table presents the quarterly net effective spread by segment:

Table 28



	Net Effective Spread by Line of Business
	Farm & Ranch				USDA Guarantees				Rural Utilities				Institutional Credit				Corporate				Net Effective Spread
	Dollars		Yield		Dollars		Yield		Dollars		Yield		Dollars		Yield		Dollars		Yield		Dollars		Yield
	(dollars in thousands)
For the quarter ended:
June 30, 2016 ⁽¹⁾	$	9,875	1.78	%	$	4,588	0.96	%	$	2,562	1.03	%	$	11,407	0.77	%	$	2,594	0.29	%	$	31,026	0.84	%
March 31, 2016	9,461		1.71	%	4,308		0.91	%	2,538		1.02	%	11,090		0.80	%	2,552		0.26	%	29,949		0.82	%
December 31, 2015	9,381		1.72	%	4,518		0.96	%	2,845		1.14	%	10,899		0.80	%	2,306		0.26	%	29,949		0.85	%
September 30, 2015	9,628		1.80	%	4,630		0.99	%	2,907		1.18	%	11,271		0.81	%	1,951		0.25	%	30,387		0.88	%
June 30, 2015 ⁽¹⁾	9,681		1.82	%	4,466		0.98	%	2,838		1.18	%	10,860		0.78	%	1,942		0.25	%	29,787		0.88	%
March 31, 2015 ⁽²⁾	10,114		1.97	%	4,225		0.95	%	2,804		1.15	%	10,425		0.77	%	1,689		0.20	%	29,257		0.86	%
December 31, 2014 ⁽³⁾	8,682		1.71	%	5,250		1.19	%	2,908		1.18	%	9,870		0.78	%	1,732		0.26	%	28,442		0.91	%
September 30, 2014	8,207		1.68	%	5,073		1.18	%	2,890		1.16	%	9,823		0.78	%	3,773		0.59	%	29,766		0.97	%
June 30, 2014	7,820		1.64	%	4,159		0.99	%	2,953		1.16	%	9,957		0.78	%	4,160		0.57	%	29,049		0.92	%


⁽¹⁾	Net effective spread is a non-GAAP measure. See Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements for a reconciliation of GAAP net interest income by line of business to net effective spread by line of business,

⁽²⁾

Beginning in first quarter 2015, Farmer Mac revised its methodology for interest expense allocation among the Farm & Ranch, USDA Guarantees, and Rural Utilities lines of business. As a result of this revision, a greater percentage of interest expense has been allocated to the longer-term assets included within the USDA Guarantees and Rural Utilities lines of business. Net effective spread for periods prior to the quarter ended March 31, 2015 does not reflect this revision.


⁽³⁾	On October 1, 2014, $78.5 million of preferred stock issued by CoBank was called, resulting in a loss of net effective spread of $2.1 million or 30 basis points

in the corporate segment. The impact on consolidated net effective spread was 7 basis points.

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The following table presents quarterly core earnings reconciled to net income attributable to common stockholders:

Table 29



Core Earnings by Quarter Ended
	June 2016			March 2016			December 2015			September 2015			June 2015			March 2015			December 2014			September 2014			June 2014
	(in thousands)
Revenues:
Net effective spread	$	31,026		$	29,949		$	29,949		$	30,387		$	29,787		$	29,257		$	28,442		$	29,766		$	29,049
Guarantee and commitment fees	4,810			4,669			4,730			4,328			4,085			4,012			4,097			4,152			4,216
Other ⁽¹⁾	(125		)	(517		)	(284		)	(93		)	(24		)	(405		)	(1,285		)	(2,001		)	(520		)
Total revenues	35,711			34,101			34,395			34,622			33,848			32,864			31,254			31,917			32,745

Credit related expense/(income):
Provision for/(release of) losses	458			63			(49		)	(303		)	1,256			(696		)	(479		)	(804		)	(2,557		)
REO operating expenses	—			39			44			48			—			(1		)	48			1			59
Losses/(gains) on sale of REO	—			—			—			—			—			1			28			—			(168		)
Total credit related expense/(income)	458			102			(5		)	(255		)	1,256			(696		)	(403		)	(803		)	(2,666		)

Operating expenses:
Compensation and employee benefits	5,611			5,774			5,385			5,236			5,733			5,693			4,971			4,693			4,889
General and administrative	3,757			3,526			3,238			3,676			3,374			2,823			2,992			3,123			3,288
Regulatory fees	612			613			613			600			600			600			600			593			594
Total operating expenses	9,980			9,913			9,236			9,512			9,707			9,116			8,563			8,409			8,771

Net earnings	25,273			24,086			25,164			25,365			22,885			24,444			23,094			24,311			26,640
Income tax expense/(benefit) ⁽²⁾	8,956			8,444			8,855			8,924			8,091			6,692			4,858			6,327			(4,734		)
Net (loss)/income attributable to non-controlling interest	(16		)	(28		)	(60		)	(36		)	(119		)	5,354			5,414			5,412			5,819
Preferred stock dividends	3,296			3,295			3,296			3,295			3,296			3,295			3,296			3,283			2,308
Core earnings	$	13,037		$	12,375		$	13,073		$	13,182		$	11,617		$	9,103		$	9,526		$	9,289		$	23,247

Reconciling items:
Unrealized (losses)/gains on financial derivatives and hedging activities	(2,076		)	(2,989		)	2,743			(6,906		)	15,982			(895		)	(5,719		)	4,131			(4,696		)
Unrealized gains/(losses) on trading assets	394			358			696			(8		)	170			362			1,044			(32		)	(71		)
Amortization of premiums/discounts and deferred gains on assets consolidated at fair value	(371		)	(281		)	(263		)	(117		)	(125		)	(814		)	(1,247		)	(678		)	(274		)
Net effects of settlements on agency forward contracts	466			(255		)	(162		)	(390		)	197			(252		)	(46		)	113			363
Loss on retirement of Farmer Mac II LLC Preferred Stock	—			—			—			—			—			(8,147		)	—			—			—
Income tax effect related to reconciling items	556			1,109			(1,055		)	2,598			(5,679		)	2,461			2,089			(1,237		)	1,636
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	12,006		$	10,317		$	15,032		$	8,359		$	22,162		$	1,818		$	5,647		$	11,586		$	20,205


⁽¹⁾	Fourth quarter 2014 and third quarter 2014 include $13.6 million and $17.9 million , respectively, of interest expense related to securities purchased under agreements to resell and securities sold, not yet purchased and $12.8 million and $16.4 million , respectively of gains on securities sold, not yet purchased.


⁽²⁾	Fourth quarter 2014 and second quarter 2014 reflect a reduction of $1.4 million and $11.6 million, respectively, in the tax valuation allowance against capital loss carryforwards related to capital gains on securities sold, not yet purchased.

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Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Farmer Mac is exposed to market risk from changes in interest rates. Farmer Mac manages this market risk by entering into various financial transactions, including financial derivatives, and by monitoring and measuring its exposure to changes in interest rates. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Risk Management—Interest Rate Risk" for more information about Farmer Mac's exposure to interest rate risk and its strategies to manage such risk. For information regarding Farmer Mac's use of financial derivatives and related accounting policies, see Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements.


Item 4.	Controls and Procedures

Management's Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures . Farmer Mac maintains disclosure controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in its periodic filings under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), including this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported on a timely basis. These disclosure controls and procedures include controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to Farmer Mac's management on a timely basis to allow decisions regarding required disclosure. Management, including Farmer Mac's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of Farmer Mac's disclosure controls and procedures (as defined under Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act) as of June 30, 2016 .

Farmer Mac carried out the evaluation of the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures, required by paragraph (b) of Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15, under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer. Based upon this evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that Farmer Mac's disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2016 .

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting . There were no changes in Farmer Mac's internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended June 30, 2016 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, Farmer Mac's internal control over financial reporting.

PART II


Item 1.	Legal Proceedings

None.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There were no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in Farmer Mac's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 filed with the SEC on March 10, 2016.

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Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

(a) Farmer Mac is a federally chartered instrumentality of the United States and its debt and equity securities are exempt from registration pursuant to Section 3(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933.

During second quarter 2016, the following transactions occurred related to Farmer Mac's equity securities that were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933 and were not otherwise reported on a Current Report on Form 8-K:

Class C Non-Voting Common Stock . Under Farmer Mac's policy that permits directors of Farmer Mac to elect to receive shares of Class C Non-Voting Common Stock in lieu of their cash retainers, Farmer Mac issued an aggregate of 87 shares of its Class C Non-Voting Common Stock on April 8, 2016 to the three directors who elected to receive stock in lieu of their cash retainers. Farmer Mac calculated the number of shares issued to the directors based on a price of $37.73 per share, which was the closing price of the Class C Non-Voting Common Stock on March 31, 2016 as reported by the New York Stock Exchange.

On April 15, 2016, Farmer Mac granted an aggregate of 13,700 shares of restricted Class C non-voting common stock under its 2008 Omnibus Incentive Plan at a grant price of $37.52 per share to eighteen employees as incentive compensation. On May 3, 2016, Farmer Mac also granted 2,200 shares of restricted Class C non-voting common stock under its 2008 Omnibus Incentive Plan at a grant price of $41.57 per share to one employee. All of the shares of restricted stock granted will "cliff" vest on April 15, 2019 if the employee remains employed by Farmer Mac on that date.


(b)	Not applicable.


(c)	None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

(a) None.

(b) None.


Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

(a) None.

(b) None.

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Item 6. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

(3) Exhibits.



*	3.1	—	Title VIII of the Farm Credit Act of 1971, as most recently amended by the Food, Conservation and Energy Act of 2008 (Previously filed as Exhibit to Form 10-Q filed August 12, 2008).
*	3.2	—	Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Registrant (Previously filed as Exhibit 3.1 to Form 8-K filed June 9, 2014).
*	4.1	—	Specimen Certificate for Farmer Mac Class A Voting Common Stock (Previously filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 10-Q filed May 15, 2003).
*	4.2	—	Specimen Certificate for Farmer Mac Class B Voting Common Stock (Previously filed as Exhibit 4.2 to Form 10-Q filed May 15, 2003).
*	4.3	—	Specimen Certificate for Farmer Mac Class C Non-Voting Common Stock (Previously filed as Exhibit 4.3 to Form 10-Q filed May 15, 2003).
*	4.4	—	Specimen Certificate for 5.875% Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series A (Previously filed as Exhibit 4.4.1 to Form 10-Q filed May 9, 2013).
*	4.4.1	—	Certificate of Designation of Terms and Conditions of 5.875% Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series A (Previously filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-A filed January 17, 2013).
*	4.5	—	Specimen Certificate for 6.875% Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series B (Previously filed as Exhibit 4.5 to Form 10-Q filed May 12, 2014).
*	4.5.1	—	Certificate of Designation of Terms and Conditions of 6.875% Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series B (Previously filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-A filed March 25, 2014).
*	4.6	—	Specimen Certificate for 6.000% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series C (Previously filed as Exhibit 4.6 to Form 10-Q filed August 11, 2014).
*	4.6.1	—	Certificate of Designation of Terms and Conditions of 6.000% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series C (Previously filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-A filed June 20, 2014).
**	10.1	—	Amendment No. 1 to Long Term Standby Commitment to Purchase dated as of May 31, 2016 between National Rural Utilities Cooperative Finance Corporation and the Registrant.
**	31.1	—	Certification of Registrant's principal executive officer relating to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2016, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
**	31.2	—	Certification of Registrant's principal financial officer relating to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2016, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
**	32	—	Certification of Registrant's principal executive officer and principal financial officer relating to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2016, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.



*	Incorporated by reference to the indicated prior filing.
**	Filed with this report.
†	Management contract or compensatory plan.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL MORTGAGE CORPORATION



/s/ Timothy L. Buzby		August 9, 2016
By:	Timothy L. Buzby	Date
	President and Chief Executive Officer
	(Principal Executive Officer)



/s/ R. Dale Lynch		August 9, 2016
By:	R. Dale Lynch	Date
	Executive Vice President – Chief Financial Officer
	(Principal Financial Officer)

112

EXHIBIT 10.1

AMENDMENT NO. 1

LONG TERM STANDBY COMMITMENT TO PURCHASE

AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO LONG TERM STANDBY COMMITMENT TO PURCHASE (this “ Amendment ”) is made and entered into as of May 31, 2016 by and between NATIONAL RURAL UTILITIES COOPERATIVE FINANCE CORPORATION, a cooperative association organized and existing under the laws of the District of Columbia (referred to herein as “ CFC ” or the “ Seller ”), and FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL MORTGAGE CORPORATION, a federally chartered instrumentality of the United States (referred to herein as “ Farmer Mac ”).

WHEREAS, CFC and Farmer Mac are parties to that certain LONG TERM STANDBY COMMITMENT TO PURCHASE (the “ Commitment ”) made and entered into as of August 31, 2015; and

WHEREAS, the parties desire to amend the Commitment as set forth herein; and

WHEREAS, the parties have executed this Amendment as a written agreement intended to modify the Agreement pursuant to Section 10.06 thereof.

NOW, THEREFORE, the parties to this Amendment, in the capacities hereinabove set forth, in consideration of the mutual agreements and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are acknowledged, do hereby undertake and otherwise agree as follows:

ARTICLE I
Amendments

Section 1.01. Additional Definition . The following defined term and its definition is hereby added to ARTICLE I of the Commitment and placed in alphabetical order together with the existing defined terms:

“ Staggered Removal : As defined in Section 10.01(c) of this Commitment.”

Section 1.02. Other Conforming Amendments .

A. Section 4.02(c) of the Commitment is hereby amended by deleting the first word of the sixth sentence of such Section 4.02(c) and including the following clause at the beginning of such sixth sentence: “Other than pursuant to a Staggered Removal as set forth in Section 10.01(c) of this Commitment, the”.

B. Section 10.01 of the Commitment is hereby amended by adding the following as Section 10.01(c):

“For any Qualified Loan or group of Qualified Loans listed on a Qualified Loan Schedule with an Effective Date on or after January 1, 2016, and notwithstanding Section 4.02(c) of this Commitment,

the Seller may elect to remove one or more such Qualified Loans from the Commitment on or after the date that is three years from the corresponding Effective Date for such Qualified Loan or Qualified Loans (“ Staggered Removal ”); provided , that (i) not more than 20% of the aggregate original principal balance of such Qualified Loans eligible for Staggered Removal in accordance with this Section 10.01(c) may be removed within any 12-calendar-month period, (ii) the Seller shall have provided Farmer Mac with at least three (3) months’ notice in writing prior to exercising each such Staggered Removal election, and (iii) the weighted average Facility Rating of the remaining Qualified Loans (with an Effective Date on or after January 1, 2016) will not have increased (numerically) by more than 10% of the weighted average Facility Rating of all of the Qualified Loans (with an Effective Date on or after January 1, 2016) that are under the Commitment immediately prior to such removal, in each case to be measured as of the last day of the Seller’s calendar quarter immediately preceding the removal date (as reported to Farmer Mac by Seller in accordance with the Servicing Agreement).”

C. Section 10.12 of the Commitment is hereby amended by adding the following clause at the beginning of Section 10.12(d): “solely as to Qualified Loans with an Effective Date prior to January 1, 2016,”.

ARTICLE II

Miscellaneous

Section 2.01. Defined Terms . Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined have the meanings assigned to them in the Commitment.

Section 2.02. Authorized Officers . The manual or facsimile signature of any individual appearing on this Amendment, or any document or certificate issued pursuant to this Amendment, and which is designated as the signature of a responsible officer of either party hereto, shall constitute conclusive evidence that such individual is, in fact, authorized to execute such document on behalf of such party, notwithstanding that such authorization may have lapsed prior to the effective date of such document.

Section 2.03. Entire Agreement . This Amendment contains the entire agreement between the parties regarding the modifications made to the Commitment. Except as explicitly modified by this Amendment, each and every term, condition, exhibit, and provision of the Commitment shall remain in full force and effect.

Section 2.04. Governing Law . The terms of this Amendment shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, federal law. To the extent federal law incorporates state law, that state law shall be the laws of the District of Columbia, without regard to conflicts of laws provisions thereof.

Section 2.05. Counterparts . This Amendment may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which counterparts shall be deemed to be an original, and such counterparts shall constitute but one and the same instrument.

LTSPC Amendment No. 1

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto hereby execute this Amendment as of the day and year first above written.

FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL MORTGAGE CORPORATION

By: /s/ R. Dale Lynch

Name: R. Dale Lynch

Title: Executive Vice President – Chief Financial Officer

NATIONAL RURAL UTILITIES COOPERATIVE FINANCE CORPORATION , as Seller

By: /s/ J. Andrew Don

Name: J. Andrew Don

Title: Senior Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer

LTSPC Amendment No. 1

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION

I, Timothy L. Buzby, certify that:


1.	I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of the Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2016;


2.	Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;


3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;


4.	The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:


(a)	Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;


(b)	Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;


(c)	Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and


(d)	Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and


5.	The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):


(a)	All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and


(b)	Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date: August 9, 2016



/s/ Timothy L. Buzby
Timothy L. Buzby
Chief Executive Officer

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION

I, R. Dale Lynch, certify that:


1.	I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of the Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2016;


2.	Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;


3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;


4.	The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:


(a)	Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;


(b)	Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;


(c)	Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and


(d)	Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and


5.	The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):


(a)	All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and


(b)	Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date: August 9, 2016



/s/ R. Dale Lynch
R. Dale Lynch
Chief Financial Officer

Exhibit 32

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of the Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation (the “Corporation”) for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2016 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), the undersigned, Timothy L. Buzby, Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation, and R. Dale Lynch, Chief Financial Officer of the Corporation, each hereby certifies pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to his knowledge:


(1)	The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and


(2)	The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Corporation.



/s/ Timothy L. Buzby
Timothy L. Buzby
Chief Executive Officer

/s/ R. Dale Lynch
R. Dale Lynch
Chief Financial Officer

Date:	August 9, 2016