As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 11, 2017
Securities Act File No. 333-152915
Investment Company Act File No. 811-22227
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM N-1A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 |X|
Post-Effective Amendment No. 94 |X|
and/or
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940 |X|
Amendment No. 96 |X|
(Check appropriate box or boxes.)
INDEXIQ ETF TRUST
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
800 Westchester Avenue
Suite S-710
Rye Brook, NY 10573
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant’s Telephone Number, including Area Code: (914) 697-4946
Adam S. Patti
IndexIQ Advisors LLC
800 Westchester Avenue
Suite S710
Rye Brook, NY 10573
(Name and Address of Agent for Service)
With a copy to:
Matthew V. Curtin, Esq.
IndexIQ Advisors LLC
800 Westchester Avenue
Suite S-710
Rye Brook, NY 10573
It is proposed that this filing will become effective:
x | Immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b) of Rule 485 |
o | on _______, pursuant to paragraph (b)(1) of Rule 485 |
o | 60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1) of Rule 485 |
o | on _______, pursuant to paragraph (a)(1) of Rule 485 |
o | 75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of Rule 485 |
o | on _______, pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of Rule 485 |
PROSPECTUS | JANUARY 11, 2017
IndexIQ ETF Trust
IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond
ETF (HYLV)
NEITHER THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION NOR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION HAS APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED OF THESE SECURITIES OR PASSED UPON THE ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
Not FDIC Insured | May Lose Value | No Bank Guarantee
IndexIQ ETF Trust (the “Trust”) is a registered investment company that consists of separate investment portfolios called “Funds”. This Prospectus relates to the following Fund:
Name | CUSIP | Symbol | ||||
IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF | 45409B412 | HYLV | ||||
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The Fund is an exchange-traded fund. This means that shares of the Fund are listed on a national securities exchange, such as the NYSE Arca, Inc., and trade at market prices. The market price for the Fund’s shares may be different from its net asset value per share (the “NAV”). The fund has its own CUSIP number and exchange trading symbol.
Table of Contents
Summary Information
IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF
Investment Objective
The Fund seeks investment results that track (before fees and expenses) the price and yield performance of its underlying index, the S&P U.S. High Yield Low Volatility Corporate Bond Index (the “Underlying Index”).
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund (“Shares”). Investors purchasing Shares on a national securities exchange, national securities association or over-the-counter trading system where Shares may trade from time to time (each, a “Secondary Market”) may be subject to customary brokerage commissions charged by their broker that are not reflected in the table set forth below.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment):
No shareholder fees are levied by the Fund for purchases and sales made on the Secondary Market.
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):
Management Fee | 0.40 | % | ||||
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees | 0.00 | % | ||||
Other Expenses (a) | 0.01 | % | ||||
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses | 0.41 | % | ||||
Expense Waiver/Reimbursement (b) | 0.01 | % | ||||
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Waiver/Reimbursement | 0.40 | % |
(a) | The Fund has not yet commenced operations and Other Expenses are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year. | |
(b) | IndexIQ Advisors LLC (the "Advisor") has contractually agreed, until August 31, 2018, to waive or reduce its management fee and/or reimburse expenses of the Fund in an amount that limits “Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses” (exclusive of interest, taxes, brokerage fees and commissions, dividends paid on short sales, acquired fund fees and expenses, and extraordinary expenses) to not more than 0.40% of the average daily net assets of the Fund. |
Example. This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. This example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you pay when purchasing or selling Shares of the Fund.
The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain at current levels. The return of 5% and estimated expenses are for illustration purposes only, and should not be considered indicators of expected Fund expenses or performance, which may be greater or less than the estimates. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
1 Year |
3 Years |
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$41 | $130 |
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Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual Fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance. As of the date of this Prospectus, the Fund had not yet commenced operations.
Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund employs a “passive management” – or indexing – investment approach designed to track the performance of the S&P U.S. High Yield Low Volatility Corporate Bond Index (the “Underlying Index”), which has been developed by S&P Opco LLC (a subsidiary of S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC) (the “Index Provider”). The Underlying Index is comprised of U.S. dollar denominated high yield corporate bonds that have been selected in accordance with a rules-based methodology that seeks to identify securities that, in the aggregate, are expected to have lower volatility relative to the broad U.S. dollar denominated high yield corporate bond market. The Underlying Index is a market value weighted index comprised of bonds included in the S&P U.S. High Yield Corporate Bond Index that meet liquidity and risk-based selection criteria.
The Underlying Index is comprised of U.S. dollar denominated high yield corporate bonds of issuers domiciled in the U.S. and foreign countries classified as developed markets by the Index Provider. To be eligible for inclusion in the Underlying Index, bonds must meet the following criteria: (i) pay fixed-rate coupons; (ii) have at least $400 million of outstanding face value; (iii) have a remaining maturity of at least one month as of the rebalancing date; and (v) have an average rating below investment grade by Moody’s Investors Service, Standard & Poor’s, and /or Fitch Ratings. Eligible U.S. dollar denominated high yield corporate bonds are further screened for liquidity considerations based on their bond type, size, spread, duration and time since issuance.
Once the Underlying Index universe is defined based on the eligibility criteria, each bond is then ranked according to its marginal contribution to risk (MCR). MCR is a measurement of the amount of risk a security contributes to a portfolio of securities. MCR is calculated using a bond’s duration and the difference between the bond’s spread (the difference between the option-adjusted yield of the bond and the yield of a U.S. treasury security with a similar maturity) and a weighted average spread of the bonds in the index universe. In general, a bond with a higher MCR will add more credit risk to the overall portfolio than a bond with a lower MCR.
After ranking all eligible bonds based upon their MCR, the Underlying Index selects for inclusion the 50 percent of bonds measured to have the least credit risk based on their MCR. A bond included in the Underlying Index must remain in the 60 percent of bonds measured to have the least credit risk based on its MCR to remain in the Underlying Index. The Underlying Index seeks to construct a portfolio of securities that has lower volatility than the U.S. dollar-denominated high yield bond universe through the selection of lower-risk bonds based on MCR. Once the bonds are selected for inclusion in the Underlying Index, they are weighted by market value.
The Underlying Index is rebalanced monthly and typically consists of 400 to 500 securities.
The Fund uses a "Representative Sampling" strategy in seeking to track the performance of the Underlying Index. A fund using a Representative Sampling strategy generally will invest in a sample of securities that collectively has an investment profile similar to that of the Underlying Index. The securities selected are expected to have, in the aggregate, investment characteristics (based on factors such as market capitalization and industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability, duration, maturity, credit ratings and
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yield) and liquidity measures similar to those of the Underlying Index. The Fund may also invest in credit default swaps and futures contracts to seek to track the Underlying Index.
To the extent the Underlying Index concentrates (i.e., holds 25% or more of its total assets) in the securities of a particular industry or group of industries, the Fund will concentrate its investments to approximately the same extent as the Underlying Index.
Principal Risks
As with all investments, there are certain risks of investing in the Fund. The Fund’s Shares will change in value and you could lose money by investing in the Fund. An investment in the Fund does not represent a complete investment program. An investment in the Fund is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. You should consider carefully the following risks before investing in the Fund. A more complete discussion of Principal Risks is included under “Description of the Principal Risks of the Fund.”
Asset Class Risk
Securities in the Underlying Index or in the Fund's portfolio may underperform in comparison to the general financial markets, a particular securities market or other asset classes.
Authorized Participant Concentration Risk
Only certain large institutions (an “Authorized Participant”) may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the Fund. The Fund has a limited number of institutions that may act as Authorized Participants on an agency basis (i.e., on behalf of other market participants). To the extent that those Authorized Participants exit the business or are unable to proceed with creation and/or redemption orders with the Fund and no other Authorized Participant is able to step forward to engage in creation and redemption transactions with the Fund, Fund shares may be more likely to trade at a premium or discount to NAV and possibly face trading halts and/or delisting.
Call Risk
During periods of falling interest rates, an issuer of a callable bond held by the Fund may “call” or repay the security before its stated maturity, and the Fund may have to reinvest the proceeds at lower interest rates, resulting in a decline in the Fund's income.
Credit Risk
Debt issuers and other counterparties may not honor their obligations or may have their debt downgraded by ratings agencies. The financial condition of an issuer of a debt security or other instrument may cause such issuer to default, become unable to pay interest or principal due or otherwise fail to honor its obligations or cause such issuer to be perceived (whether by market participants, rating agencies, pricing services or otherwise) as being in such situations.
Derivatives Risk
Derivatives are investments whose value depends on (or is derived from) the value of an underlying instrument, such as a security, asset, reference rate or index. Derivative strategies may expose the Fund to greater risk and often involve leverage, which may exaggerate a loss, potentially causing the Fund to lose more money than it would have lost had it invested in the underlying instrument. Derivatives may be difficult to sell, unwind or value. Derivatives may also be subject to counterparty risk, which is the risk that the counterparty (the party on the other side of the transaction) on a derivative transaction will be unable to honor its contractual obligations to the Fund. Swaps are particularly subject to counterparty credit, correlation, valuation, liquidity and leveraging risks. Certain standardized swaps are subject to mandatory central clearing. Central clearing is intended to reduce counterparty credit risk and increase
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liquidity, but central clearing does not make swap transactions risk-free. Due to fluctuations in the price of the underlying security, the Fund may not be able to profitably exercise an option and may lose its entire investment in an option. Futures may be more volatile than direct investments in the instrument underlying the contract, and may not correlate perfectly to the underlying instrument. Futures and other derivatives also may involve a small initial investment relative to the risk assumed, which could result in losses greater than if they had not been used.
Extension Risk
During periods of rising interest rates, certain debt obligations may be paid off substantially more slowly than originally anticipated and the value of those securities may fall sharply, resulting in a decline in the Fund’s income and potentially in the value of the Fund’s investments.
Foreign Securities Risk
Investments in foreign securities may be riskier than investments in U.S. securities. Differences between U.S. and foreign regulatory regimes and securities markets, including less stringent investor protections and disclosure standards of some foreign markets, less liquid trading markets and political and economic developments in foreign countries, may affect the value of the Fund's investments in foreign securities.
High Yield Securities Risk
High yield securities generally offer a higher current yield than the yield available from higher grade issues, but typically involve greater risk. Securities rated below investment grade are commonly referred to as “junk bonds.”
Income Risk
The Fund's income may decline when interest rates fall. This decline can occur because the Fund may subsequently invest in lower-yielding bonds when bonds in its portfolio mature, bonds in the Underlying Index are substituted or the Fund otherwise needs to purchase additional bonds.
Index Risk
The Underlying Index may not be successful in replicating the performance of its target strategies.
Industry Concentration Risk
To the extent that the Underlying Index is concentrated in a particular industry, the Fund also will be concentrated in that industry. Concentrated Fund investments will subject the Fund to a greater risk of loss as a result of adverse economic, business or other developments than if its investments were diversified across different industry sectors.
Interest Rate Risk
An increase in interest rates may cause the value of securities held by the Fund to decline. Interest rates in the United States are near historic lows, which may increase the Fund’s exposure to risks associated with rising interest rates. Interest rates may rise significantly and/or rapidly. Rising interest rates or lack of market participants may lead to decreased liquidity and increased volatility in the bond markets, making it more difficult for the Fund to sell its bond holdings at a time when the Fund might wish to sell.
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Investment Style Risk
The Underlying Index seeks to provide exposure to U.S. dollar-denominated high yield corporate bonds that are measured to have less credit risk based on their Marginal Contribution to Risk. As with any measure of a bond’s credit risk, Marginal Contribution to Risk may fail to accurately reflect the credit risk of an individual bond. In addition, Marginal Contribution to Risk is not predictive of the price performance of fixed income securities. In addition, there is no guarantee that the construction methodology of the Underlying Index will accurately provide exposure to U.S. dollar denominated high yield corporate bonds with lower credit risk.
Liquidity Risk
Liquidity risk exists when particular investments are difficult to purchase or sell. This can reduce the Fund's returns because the Fund may be unable to transact at advantageous times or prices. Decreased liquidity in the bond markets also may make it more difficult to value some or all of the Fund’s bond holdings.
Management Risk
The strategy used by the Fund to match the performance of the Underlying Index may fail to produce the intended results.
Market Risk
The market price of investments owned by the Fund may go up or down, sometimes rapidly or unpredictably.
New Fund Risk
The Fund is a new fund. As a new fund, there can be no assurance that it will grow to or maintain an economically viable size, in which case it may experience greater tracking error to the Underlying Index than it otherwise would at higher asset levels or the Fund could ultimately liquidate.
Fixed income securities most frequently trade in institutional round lot size transactions. Until the Fund grows significantly in size, the Fund expects to purchase a significant number of bonds in amounts less than the institutional round lot size, which are frequently referred to as “odd” lots. Odd lot size positions may have more price volatility than institutional round lot size positions, and investments in odd lot size positions may result in greater tracking error between the Fund and the Underlying Index. The Fund uses a third-party pricing service to value bond holdings and the pricing service values bonds assuming orderly transactions of an institutional round lot size.
Passive Management Risk
Unlike many investment companies, the Fund is not “actively” managed. Therefore, it would not necessarily sell a security because the security’s issuer was in financial trouble unless that security is removed from the Underlying Index.
Tracking Error Risk
Tracking error is the divergence of the Fund’s performance from that of the Underlying Index. Tracking error may occur because of differences between the securities and other instruments held in the Fund’s portfolio and those included in the Underlying Index, pricing differences, transaction costs, the Fund’s holding of uninvested cash, differences in timing of the accrual of distributions, tax gains or losses, changes to the Underlying Index or the costs of complying with various new or existing regulatory requirements. This risk may be heightened during times of increased market volatility or other unusual market conditions. Tracking error also may result because the Fund incurs fees and expenses, while the Underlying Index does not. Funds that
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track indices with significant weight in high yield securities may experience higher tracking error than other index ETFs that do not track such indices.
Trading Price Risk
Although it is expected that generally the market price of the Shares will approximate the Fund’s NAV, there may be times when the market price in the Secondary Market and the NAV vary significantly.
Performance Information
As of the date of this Prospectus, the Fund has not yet commenced operations and therefore does not report its performance information.
Investment Advisor and Sub-Advisor
IndexIQ Advisors LLC (the “Advisor”) is the investment advisor to the Fund.
MacKay Shields LLC (the “Sub-Advisor”) is the investment sub-advisor to the Fund.
Portfolio Manager
Dan Roberts, Scott Dolph and Alexandra Wilson-Elizondo of the Sub-Advisor are jointly and primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund. Messrs. Roberts and Dolph and Ms. Wilson-Elizondo have each been a portfolio manager of the Fund since its inception.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
Unlike conventional mutual funds, the Fund issues and redeems Shares on a continuous basis, at net asset value (“NAV”), only in blocks of 50,000 Shares or whole multiples thereof (“Creation Units”). The Fund’s Creation Units are issued principally for cash consideration, although the Fund reserves the right to require the in-kind deposit of a designated portfolio of securities included in the Fund. The Fund’s Creation Units are redeemed principally in-king for securities included in the Fund. Retail investors may acquire Shares on NYSE Arca, Inc. through a broker-dealer.
Shares of the Fund will trade at market price rather than NAV. As such, Shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
Tax Information
The Fund’s distributions are expected to be taxed as ordinary income, qualified dividend income and/or capital gains, unless you are investing through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or individual retirement account. However, subsequent withdrawals from such a tax-advantaged account may be subject to U.S. federal income tax. You should consult your tax advisor about your specific situation.
Financial Intermediary Compensation
If you purchase the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund Shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
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The Trust is an investment company consisting of a number of separate investment portfolios (each, a “Fund” and collectively, the “Funds”) that are exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”). ETFs are index funds whose shares are listed on a stock exchange and traded like equity securities at market prices. ETFs, such as the Fund, allow you to buy or sell shares that represent the collective performance of a selected group of securities. ETFs are designed to add the flexibility, ease and liquidity of stock-trading to the benefits of traditional index fund investing. The investment objective of the Fund is to replicate as closely as possible, before fees and expenses, the price and yield performance of a particular index (the “Underlying Index”) developed by S&P Opco, LLC (a subsidiary of S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC) (the “Index Provider”).
This Prospectus provides the information you need to make an informed decision about investing in the Fund. It contains important facts about the Trust as a whole and the Fund in particular.
IndexIQ Advisors LLC (the “Advisor”) is the investment advisor to the Fund. MacKay Shields LLC (the “Sub-Advisor”) is the investment sub-advisor to the Fund.
As of the date of this Prospectus, the IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF has not yet commenced operations and therefore has not accumulated information to report regarding the extent and frequency with which market prices of Shares have tracked the Fund’s NAV.
Information regarding the extent and frequency with which market prices of Shares has tracked the Fund’s NAV for the most recently completed calendar year and the quarters since that year will be available without charge on the Fund’s website at www.IQetfs.com.
Description of the Principal Investment Strategies of the Fund
The Fund employs a “passive management” — or indexing — investment approach designed to track the performance of the Underlying Index. The Fund seeks a correlation over time of 0.95 or better between the Fund’s performance, before fees and expenses, and the performance of the Underlying Index. A figure of 1.00 would represent perfect correlation.
The Fund uses a "Representative Sampling" strategy in seeking to track the performance of the Underlying Index. A fund using a Representative Sampling strategy generally will invest in a sample of securities that collectively has an investment profile similar to that of the Underlying Index. The securities selected are expected to have, in the aggregate, investment characteristics (based on factors such as market capitalization and industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability, duration, maturity, credit ratings and yield) and liquidity measures similar to those of the Underlying Index. The Fund may also invest in credit default swaps and futures contracts to seek to track the Underlying Index.
There also may be instances in which the Sub-Advisor may choose to (i) overweight a security in the Underlying Index, (ii) purchase securities not contained in the Underlying Index that the Sub-Advisor believes are appropriate to substitute for certain securities in the Underlying Index or (iii) utilize various combinations of other available investment techniques in seeking to track the Underlying Index. The Fund may sell securities that are represented in the applicable Underlying Index in anticipation of their removal from the Underlying Index or purchase securities not represented in the Underlying Index in anticipation of their addition to the Underlying Index.
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Under normal circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in the securities and other instruments that make up the Underlying Index (the “Underlying Index Components”). In determining the Fund’s net assets for the purposes of this 80% threshold, accounting practices do not include collateral held under the Fund’s securities lending program, as such collateral does not represent a true asset of the relevant Fund.
The Fund may invest up to 20% of its net assets in investments not included in the Underlying Index, but which the Sub-Advisor believes will help the Fund track the Underlying Index. For example, there may be instances in which the Sub-Advisor may choose to purchase (or sell) securities not in the Underlying Index which the Sub-Advisor believes are appropriate to substitute for one or more Underlying Index Components in seeking to replicate, before fees and expenses, the performance of the Underlying Index.
At least 80% of the Fund’s net assets will be comprised of fixed income securities that are rated below investment grade by an independent rating agency, such as Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services or Moody’s Investors Service, Inc., or that are unrated but are considered to be of comparable quality by the Fund’s Advisor or Sub-Advisor.
To the extent that the Underlying Index concentrates (i.e., holds 25% or more of its total assets) in the securities of a particular industry or group of industries, the Fund will concentrate its investment to approximately the same extent as the Underlying Index.
As Fund cash flows permit, the Sub-Advisor may use cash flows to adjust the weights of the Fund’s Underlying investments in an effort to minimize any differences in weights between the Fund and the Underlying Index.
At least 80% of the Fund’s net assets will be comprised of securities of issuers in the United States.
To the extent the Fund makes investments that are regulated by the Commodities Futures Trading Commission, it intends to do so in accordance with Rule 4.5 under the Commodity Exchange Act (“CEA”). The Advisor has filed a notice of eligibility for exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” in accordance with Rule 4.5 and is therefore not subject to registration as a commodity pool operator under the CEA.
Additional Investment Strategies
In addition to its principal investment strategies, the Fund may also invest in money market instruments, including short-term debt instruments and repurchase agreements or other funds which invest exclusively in money market instruments (subject to applicable limitations under the 1940 Act, or exemptions therefrom), rather than Underlying Index Components, when it would be more efficient or less expensive for the Fund to do so, for liquidity purposes, or to earn interest. In addition to investing directly in the Underlying Index Components, the Fund may invest in Underlying Index Components indirectly through exchange-traded products. Credit default swaps and futures contracts may be used by the Fund to seek performance that tracks the Underlying Index and to manage cash flows.
Each of the policies described herein, including the investment objective of the Fund, constitutes a non-fundamental policy that may be changed by the Board of Trustees of the Trust without shareholder approval. Certain fundamental policies of the Fund are set forth in the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information (the “SAI”) under “Investment Restrictions.”
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Securities Lending
The Fund may lend its portfolio securities. In connection with such loans, the Fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% (105% for foreign securities) of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis.
Description of the Principal Risks of the Fund
Investors in the Fund should carefully consider the risks of investing in the Fund as set forth in the Fund’s Summary Information section under “Principal Risks.”
Asset Class Risk
The securities in an Underlying Index or in the Fund’s portfolio may underperform other securities or indexes that track other countries, groups of countries, regions, industries, groups of industries, markets, asset classes or sectors. Various types of securities, currencies and indexes may experience cycles of outperformance and underperformance in comparison to the general financial markets depending upon a number of factors including, among other things, inflation, interest rates, productivity, global demand for local products or resources and regulation and governmental controls.
Authorized Participant Concentration Risk
Only an Authorized Participant may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the Fund. The Fund has a limited number of institutions that may act as Authorized Participants on an agency basis (i.e., on behalf of other market participants). To the extent that those Authorized Participants exit the business or are unable to proceed with creation and/or redemption orders with respect to the Fund and no other Authorized Participant is able to step forward to engage in creation or redemption transactions with the Fund, Fund shares may be more likely to trade at a premium or discount to NAV and possibly face trading halts and/or delisting.
Call Risk
During periods of falling interest rates, an issuer of a callable bond held by the Fund may “call” or repay the security before its stated maturity, which may result in the Fund having to reinvest the proceeds at lower interest rates, resulting in a decline in the Fund’s income.
Credit Risk
Credit risk is the risk that an issuer or guarantor of debt instruments or the counterparty to a derivatives contract, repurchase agreement or loan of portfolio securities will be unable or unwilling to make its timely interest and/or principal payments or to otherwise honor its obligations. Debt instruments are subject to varying degrees of credit risk, which may be reflected in their credit ratings. There is the chance that the Fund’s portfolio holdings will have their credit ratings downgraded or will default (i.e., fail to make scheduled interest or principal payments), potentially reducing the Fund’s income level or share price. The value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning in response to issuer defaults, changes in the credit ratings of the Fund’s portfolio securities and/or perceptions related thereto.
Derivative Transactions
The Fund may enter into derivative transactions, or "derivatives," which may include options, forwards, futures, options on futures and swap agreements. The value of derivatives is based on certain underlying equity or fixed-income securities, interest rates, currencies or indices. The use of these transactions is a highly specialized activity that involves investment techniques, tax
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planning and risks that are different from those of ordinary securities transactions. Derivatives may be hard to sell at an advantageous price or time and typically are very sensitive to changes in the underlying security, interest rate, currency or index. As a result, derivatives can be highly volatile. If the Manager or the Subadvisor is incorrect about its expectations of changes to the underlying securities, in interest rates, currencies, indices or market conditions, the use of derivatives could result in a loss, which in some cases may be unlimited. When using derivatives, there is a risk that a Fund will lose money if the contract counterparty does not make the required payments or otherwise fails to comply with the terms of the contract. In the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of a counterparty, a Fund could experience the loss of some or all of its investment in a derivative or experience delays in liquidating its positions, including declines in the value of its investment during the period in which the Fund seeks to enforce its rights, and an inability to realize any gains on its investment during such period. A Fund may also incur fees and expenses in enforcing its rights. Certain derivatives are subject to mandatory clearing. Central clearing is intended to reduce counterparty credit risk and increase liquidity, but central clearing does not make derivatives transactions risk-free.
Extension Risk
During periods of rising interest rates, certain debt obligations may be paid off substantially more slowly than originally anticipated and the value of those securities may fall sharply, resulting in a decline in the Fund’s income and potentially in the value of the Fund’s investments.
Foreign Securities Risk
Investments in foreign securities may be riskier than investments in U.S. securities. Differences between U.S. and foreign regulatory regimes and securities markets, including less stringent investor protections and disclosure standards of some foreign markets, less liquid trading markets and political and economic developments in foreign countries, may affect the value of the Fund's investments in foreign securities.
High Yield Securities Risk
High yield securities generally offer a higher current yield than that available from higher grade issues, but typically involve greater risk. Securities rated below investment grade are commonly referred to as “junk bonds.” The ability of issuers of high yield securities to make timely payments of interest and principal may be adversely impacted by adverse changes in general economic conditions, changes in the financial condition of their issuers and price fluctuations in response to changes in interest rates. The market value and liquidity of high yield securities may be negatively impacted by adverse publicity and investor perceptions, whether or not based on fundamental analysis, especially in a market characterized by a low volume of trading.
Income Risk
The Fund’s income may decline when interest rates fall. This decline can occur because the Fund must invest in lower-yielding bonds as bonds in its portfolio mature, bonds in the Underlying Index are substituted or the Fund otherwise needs to purchase additional bonds. The Index Provider’s substitution of bonds in the Underlying Index may occur, for example, when the time to maturity for the bond no longer matches the Underlying Index’s stated maturity guidelines.
Index Risk
The Underlying Index may not be successful in replicating the performance of its target strategies. The Underlying Index is new and has limited historical performance data that is not predictive of future results.
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Industry Concentration Risk
To the extent that the Underlying Index is concentrated in a particular industry, the Fund also will be concentrated in that industry. Concentrated Fund investments will subject the Fund to a greater risk of loss as a result of adverse economic, business or other developments than if its investments were diversified across different industry sectors.
Interest Rate Risk
The value of bonds may fall when interest rates rise. Bonds with longer durations tend to be more sensitive to changes in interest rates, making them more volatile than bonds with shorter durations or floating or adjustable interest rates. Many factors can cause interest rates to rise, such as central bank monetary policies, inflation rates, general economic conditions and expectations about the foregoing. Given the historically low interest rate environment in the U.S., risks associated with rising interest rates are heightened. The negative impact on bonds from potential interest rate increases could be swift and significant, including falling market values, increased redemptions and reduced liquidity. Substantial redemptions from bond funds may worsen that impact. Additionally, regulations applicable to and changing business practices of broker-dealers that make markets in debt instruments may result in those broker-dealers restricting their market making activities for certain bonds, which may reduce the liquidity and increase the volatility of such bonds.
Investment Style Risk
The Underlying Index seeks to provide exposure to U.S. dollar-denominated high yield corporate bonds that are measured to have less credit risk based on their Marginal Contribution to Risk. As with any measure of a bond’s credit risk, Marginal Contribution to Risk may fail to accurately reflect the credit risk of an individual bond. In addition, Marginal Contribution to Risk is not predictive of the price performance of fixed income securities. In addition, there is no guarantee that the construction methodology of the Underlying Index will accurately provide exposure to U.S. dollar denominated high yield corporate bonds with lower credit risk.
Liquidity Risk
Liquidity risk exists when particular investments are difficult to purchase or sell. To the extent the Fund invests in illiquid securities or securities that become less liquid, such investments may have a negative effect on the returns of the Fund because the Fund may be unable to sell the illiquid securities at an advantageous time or price. To the extent that the Fund invests in securities with substantial market and/or credit risk, the Fund will tend to have the greatest exposure to liquidity risk. Liquidity risk may be the result of, among other things, the reduced number and capacity of traditional market participants to make a market in fixed income securities or the lack of an active market. Liquid investments may become illiquid or less liquid after purchase by the Fund, particularly during periods of market turmoil or economic uncertainty. Illiquid and relatively less liquid investments may be harder to value, especially in changing markets. Although the Fund primarily seeks to redeem its shares in-kind, if the Fund is forced to sell underlying investments at reduced prices or under unfavorable conditions to meet redemption requests or for other cash needs, the Fund may suffer a loss. This may be magnified in a rising interest rate environment or other circumstances where redemptions from the Fund may be higher than normal. It may also be the case that other market participants may be attempting to liquidate fixed income holdings at the same time as the Fund, causing increased supply in the market and contributing to liquidity risk and downward pricing pressure. There can be no assurance that a security that is deemed to be liquid when purchased will continue to be liquid for as long as it is held by the Fund. Decreased liquidity in the bond markets also may make it more difficult to value some or all of the Fund’s bond holdings.
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Management Risk
The strategy used by the Fund to match the performance of the Underlying Index may fail to produce the intended results.
Market Risk
The market price of investments owned by the Fund may go up or down, sometimes rapidly or unpredictably. Investments may decline in value due to factors affecting fixed income securities markets generally or particular industries represented in the securities markets.
New Fund Risk
The Fund will be a new fund upon its commencement of operations. As a new Fund, there can be no assurance that it will grow to or maintain an economically viable size, in which case it may experience greater tracking error to the Underlying Index than it otherwise would at higher asset levels or it could ultimately liquidate.
Fixed income securities most frequently trade in institutional round lot size transactions. Until the Fund grows significantly in size, the Fund expects to purchase a significant number of bonds in amounts less than the institutional round lot size, also known as “odd” lots. Odd lot size positions may have more price volatility than institutional round lot size positions, and investments in odd lot size positions may result in greater tracking error between the Fund and the Underlying Index. The Fund uses a third-party pricing service to value bond holdings and the pricing services values bonds assuming orderly transactions of an institutional round lot size.
An Authorized Participant, the Advisor or an affiliate of the Advisor may invest in the Fund and hold its investment for a specific period of time in order to facilitate commencement of the Fund’s operations or for the Fund to achieve size or scale. There can be no assurance that any such entity would not redeem its investment or that the size of the Fund would be maintained at such levels which could negatively impact the Fund.
Passive Management Risk
Unlike many investment companies, the Fund is not “actively” managed. Therefore, the Fund would not necessarily sell a security because the security’s issuer was in financial trouble unless that security is removed from the Underlying Index.
Tracking Error Risk
The Fund’s performance may not match the Underlying Index during any period of time. Although the Fund attempts to track the performance of the Underlying Index, the Fund may not be able to duplicate its exact composition or return for any number of reasons, including but not limited to risk that the strategies used by the Fund to match the performance of the Underlying Index may fail to produce the intended results, liquidity risk and new fund risk, as well as the incurring of Fund expenses, which the Underlying Index does not incur. For example, the Fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in the Underlying Index due to restrictions or limitations imposed, by or a lack of liquidity in, certain countries in which such securities trade, or may be delayed in purchasing or selling securities included in the Underlying Index. Tracking error risk may be heightened during times of increased market volatility or other unusual market conditions. To the extent the Fund intends to engage in a significant portion in cash transactions for the creation and redemption of Shares, such practice may affect the Fund’s ability to match the return of the Underlying Index. In addition, tracking error may occur because of differences in timing of the accrual or the valuation of dividends or interest or tax gains or losses. Funds that track indices with significant weight in high yield securities may experience higher tracking error than other index ETFs that do not track such indices.
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Trading Price Risk
It is expected that the shares of the Fund (in each case, “Shares”) will be listed for trading on NYSE Arca and will be bought and sold in the Secondary Market at market prices. Although it is generally expected that the market price of the Shares of the Fund will approximate the Fund’s NAV, there may be times when the market price and the NAV vary significantly. Thus, you may pay more than NAV when you buy Shares in the Secondary Market, and you may receive less than NAV when you sell those Shares in the Secondary Market. Similar to shares of other issuers listed on a stock exchange, Shares may be sold short and are therefore subject to the risk of increased volatility and price decreases associated with being sold short.
The market price of Shares during the trading day, like the price of any exchange-traded security, includes a “bid/ask” spread charged by the exchange specialist, market makers or other participants that trade the Shares. In times of severe market disruption, the bid/ask spread can increase significantly. At those times, Shares are most likely to be traded at a discount to NAV, and the discount is likely to be greatest when the price of Shares is falling fastest, which may be the time that you most want to sell your Shares. The Advisor believes that, under normal market conditions, large market price discounts or premiums to NAV will not be sustained because of arbitrage opportunities, particularly through creations and redemptions by Authorized Participants dealing directly with the Fund. While the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it more likely that the Fund’s Shares normally will trade on NYSE Arca at prices close to its next calculated NAV, exchange prices are not expected to correlate exactly with the Fund’s NAV due to timing reasons, supply and demand imbalances and other factors. In addition, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, Authorized Participants, or other market participants, and during periods of significant market volatility, may result in trading prices for shares of the Fund that differ significantly from its NAV. Authorized Participants may be less willing to create or redeem Fund shares if there is a lack of an active market for such shares or its underlying investments, which may contribute to the Fund’s shares trading at a premium or discount to NAV.
Trading Issues
Trading in Shares on the NYSE Arca may be halted due to market conditions or for reasons that, in the view of the NYSE Arca, make trading in Shares inadvisable. In addition, trading in Shares on the NYSE Arca is subject to trading halts caused by extraordinary market volatility pursuant to the NYSE Arca “circuit breaker” rules. There can be no assurance that the requirements of the NYSE Arca necessary to maintain the listing of the Fund will continue to be met or will remain unchanged.
Fluctuation of Net Asset Value
The NAV of the Fund’s Shares will generally fluctuate with changes in the market value of the Fund’s holdings. The market prices of the Shares will generally fluctuate in accordance with changes in NAV as well as the relative supply of and demand for the Shares on the NYSE Arca. The Advisor cannot predict whether the Shares will trade below, at or above their NAV. Price differences may be due, in large part, to the fact that supply and demand forces at work in the secondary trading market for the Shares will be closely related to, but not identical to, the same forces influencing the prices of the securities of the Underlying Index trading individually or in the aggregate at any point in time. If an investor purchases Shares at a time when the market price is at a premium to the NAV of the Shares or sells at a time when the market price is at a discount to the NAV of the Shares, then the investor may sustain losses. However, given that the Shares can be purchased and redeemed in Creation Units (unlike shares of closed-end funds, which frequently trade at appreciable discounts from, and sometimes at premiums to, their NAV), the
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Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of the Shares should not be sustained.
Securities Lending
Although the Fund will receive collateral in connection with all loans of its securities holdings, the Fund would be exposed to a risk of loss should a borrower default on its obligation to return the borrowed securities (e.g., the loaned securities may have appreciated beyond the value of the collateral held by the Fund). In addition, the Fund will bear the risk of loss of any cash collateral that it invests. These events could also trigger adverse tax consequences for the Fund.
Shares are not Individually Redeemable
Shares may be redeemed by the Fund only in large blocks known as “Creation Units” which are expected to be worth in excess of one million dollars each. The Trust may not redeem Shares in fractional Creation Units. Only certain large institutions that enter into agreements with the Distributor are authorized to transact in Creation Units with the Fund. These entities are referred to as “Authorized Participants.” All other persons or entities transacting in Shares must do so in the Secondary Market.
Absence of Prior Active Market
Although Shares are approved for listing and have been trading on the NYSE Arca, there can be no assurance that an active trading market will continue to develop and be maintained for the Shares. There can be no assurance that the Fund will grow to or maintain an economically viable size, in which case the Fund may experience greater tracking error to the Underlying Index than it otherwise would at higher asset levels, or the Fund may ultimately liquidate.
Tax Risks
To qualify for the favorable U.S. federal income tax treatment accorded to regulated investment companies, the Fund must satisfy certain income, asset diversification and distribution requirements. If for any taxable year, the Fund does not qualify as a regulated investment company, all of its taxable income (including its net capital gain) for that year would be subject to tax at regular corporate rates without any deduction for distributions to its shareholders, and such distributions would be taxable to its shareholders as dividend income to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits. The tax treatment of derivatives is unclear for purposes of determining the Fund’s tax status.
In addition, the Fund’s transactions in financial instruments, including, but not limited to, options, futures contracts, hedging transactions, forward contracts and swap contracts, will be subject to special tax rules (which may include mark-to-market, constructive sale, wash sale and short sale rules), the effect of which may be to accelerate income to the Fund, defer losses to the Fund, cause adjustments in the holding periods of the Fund’s securities, convert long-term capital gains into short-term capital gains or convert short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses. These rules could, therefore, affect the amount, timing and character of distributions to the Fund’s shareholders. The Fund’s use of such transactions may result in the Fund realizing more short-term capital gains and ordinary income, in each case subject to U.S. federal income tax at higher ordinary income tax rates, than it would if it did not engage in such transactions.
Please refer to the SAI for a more complete discussion of the risks of investing in Shares.
The method by which Creation Units are purchased and traded may raise certain issues under applicable securities laws. Because new Creation Units are issued and sold by the Fund on an ongoing basis, at any point a “distribution,” as such term is used in the Securities Act, may occur. Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result in their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner which could render them statutory underwriters and subject them to the prospectus delivery and liability provisions of the Securities Act. For example, a broker-dealer firm or its client may be deemed a statutory underwriter if it takes Creation Units after placing an order with the Distributor, breaks them down into individual Shares, and sells such Shares directly to customers,
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or if it chooses to couple the creation of a supply of new Shares with an active selling effort involving solicitation of Secondary Market demand for Shares. A determination of whether one is an underwriter for purposes of the Securities Act must take into account all the facts and circumstances pertaining to the activities of the broker-dealer or its client in the particular case, and the examples mentioned above should not be considered a complete description of all the activities that could lead to categorization as an underwriter.
Broker-dealer firms should also note that dealers who are not “underwriters” but are effecting transactions in Shares, whether or not participating in the distribution of Shares, are generally required to deliver a prospectus. This is because the prospectus delivery exemption in Section 4(3) of the Securities Act is not available with respect to such transactions as a result of Section 24(d) of the 1940 Act. As a result, broker dealer-firms should note that dealers who are not underwriters but are participating in a distribution (as contrasted with ordinary Secondary Market transactions) and thus dealing with Shares that are part of an over-allotment within the meaning of Section 4(3)(a) of the Securities Act would be unable to take advantage of the prospectus delivery exemption provided by Section 4(3) of the Securities Act. Firms that incur a prospectus delivery obligation with respect to Shares of the Fund are reminded that under Rule 153 of the Securities Act, a prospectus delivery obligation under Section 5(b)(2) of the Securities Act owed to an exchange member in connection with a sale on the NYSE Arca is satisfied by the fact that such Fund’s prospectus is available at the NYSE Arca upon request. The prospectus delivery mechanism provided in Rule 153 is only available with respect to transactions on an exchange.
Creation and Redemption of Creation Units
The Fund issues and redeems Shares only in bundles of a specified number of Shares. These bundles are known as “Creation Units.” For the Fund, a Creation Unit is comprised of 50,000 Shares. The number of Shares in a Creation Unit will not change, except in the event of a share split, reverse split or similar revaluation. The Fund may not issue fractional Creation Units. To purchase or redeem a Creation Unit, you must be an Authorized Participant or you must do so through a broker, dealer, bank or other entity that is an Authorized Participant. An Authorized Participant is either (1) a “Participating Party,” i.e., a broker-dealer or other participant in the clearing process of the Continuous Net Settlement System of the NSCC (the “Clearing Process”), or (2) a participant of DTC (a “DTC Participant”), and, in each case, must have executed an agreement with the Distributor with respect to creations and redemptions of Creation Units (a “Participation Agreement”). Because Creation Units cost over one million dollars each, it is expected that only large institutional investors will purchase and redeem Shares directly from the Fund in the form of Creation Units. In turn, it is expected that institutional investors who purchase Creation Units will break up their Creation Units and offer and sell individual Shares in the Secondary Market.
Retail investors may acquire Shares in the Secondary Market (not from the Fund) through a broker or dealer. Shares are listed on the NYSE Arca and are publicly traded. For information about acquiring Shares in the Secondary Market, please contact your broker or dealer. If you want to sell Shares in the Secondary Market, you must do so through your broker or dealer.
When you buy or sell Shares in the Secondary Market, your broker or dealer may charge you a commission, market premium or discount or other transaction charge, and you may pay some or all of the spread between the bid and the offered price for each purchase or sale transaction. Unless imposed by your broker or dealer, there is no minimum dollar amount you must invest and no minimum number of Shares you must buy in the Secondary Market. In addition, because transactions in the Secondary Market occur at market prices, you may pay more than NAV when you buy Shares and receive less than NAV when you sell those Shares.
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The creation and redemption processes discussed above are summarized, and such summary only applies to shareholders who purchase or redeem Creation Units (they do not relate to shareholders who purchase or sell Shares in the Secondary Market). Authorized Participants should refer to their Participant Agreements for the precise instructions that must be followed in order to create or redeem Creation Units.
Buying and Selling Shares in the Secondary Market
Most investors will buy and sell Shares of the Fund in Secondary Market transactions through brokers. Shares of the Fund will be listed for trading on the Secondary Market on the NYSE Arca. Shares can be bought and sold throughout the trading day like other publicly-traded shares. There is no minimum investment. Although Shares are generally purchased and sold in “round lots” of 100 Shares, brokerage firms typically permit investors to purchase or sell Shares in smaller “odd lots” at no per-Share price differential. When buying or selling Shares through a broker, you will incur customary brokerage commissions and charges, and you may pay some or all of the spread between the bid and the offered price in the Secondary Market on each leg of a round trip (purchase and sale) transaction.
Share prices are reported in dollars and cents per Share. For information about buying and selling Shares in the Secondary Market, please contact your broker or dealer.
Book Entry
Shares of the Fund are held in book-entry form and no stock certificates are issued. DTC, through its nominee Cede & Co., is the record owner of all outstanding Shares.
Investors owning Shares are beneficial owners as shown on the records of DTC or its participants. DTC serves as the securities depository for all Shares. Participants in DTC include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and other institutions that directly or indirectly maintain a custodial relationship with DTC. As a beneficial owner of Shares, you are not entitled to receive physical delivery of stock certificates or to have Shares registered in your name, and you are not considered a registered owner of Shares. Therefore, to exercise any right as an owner of Shares, you must rely upon the procedures of DTC and its participants.
These procedures are the same as those that apply to any securities that you hold in book-entry or “street name” form for any publicly-traded company. Specifically, in the case of a shareholder meeting of the Fund, DTC assigns applicable Cede & Co. voting rights to its participants that have Shares credited to their accounts on the record date, issues an omnibus proxy and forwards the omnibus proxy to the Fund. The omnibus proxy transfers the voting authority from Cede & Co. to the DTC participant. This gives the DTC participant through whom you own Shares (namely, your broker, dealer, bank, trust company or other nominee) authority to vote the shares, and, in turn, the DTC participant is obligated to follow the voting instructions you provide.
The Board of Trustees of the Trust is responsible for the general supervision of the Fund. The Board of Trustees appoints officers who are responsible for the day-to-day operations of the Fund. Information about the Board of Trustees and executive officers of the Trust is contained in the SAI.
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Investment Advisor
The Advisor has been registered as an investment advisor with the SEC since August 2007, has provided investment advisory services to registered investment companies since June 2008, and is a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of New York Life Investment Management Holdings LLC. The Advisor’s principal office is at 800 Westchester Avenue, Suite S-710, Rye Brook, New York 10573. As of October 31, 2016 the Advisor had approximately $2.4 billion in assets under management.
The Advisor has overall responsibility for the general management and administration of the Trust. The Advisor provides an investment program for the Fund and supervises the Sub-Advisor in managing the investment portfolio of the Fund. The Advisor has arranged for custody, fund administration, transfer agency and all other non-distribution related services necessary for the Fund to operate.
As compensation for its services and its assumption of certain expenses, the Fund pays the Advisor a management fee equal to 0.40 percent of the Fund’s average daily net assets that is calculated daily and paid monthly. The Advisor may voluntarily waive any portion of its advisory fee from time to time, and may discontinue or modify any such voluntary limitations in the future at its discretion.
The Advisor serves as advisor to the Fund pursuant to an Investment Advisory Agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”). The Advisory Agreement was approved by the Independent Trustees of the Trust at its annual meeting. The basis for the Trustees’ approval of the Advisory Agreement will be available in the Trust’s Annual or Semiannual Report to shareholders.
Under the Advisory Agreement, the Advisor agrees to pay all expenses of the Trust, except brokerage and other transaction expenses including taxes; extraordinary legal fees or expenses, such as those for litigation or arbitration; compensation and expenses of the Independent Trustees, counsel to the Independent Trustees, and the Trust’s chief compliance officer; extraordinary expenses; distribution fees and expenses paid by the Trust under any distribution plan adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act; and the advisory fee payable to the Advisor hereunder.
Section 15(a) of the 1940 Act requires that all contracts pursuant to which persons serve as investment advisers to investment companies be approved by shareholders. As interpreted, this requirement also applies to the appointment of subadvisors to the Fund. The Advisor and the Fund have obtained an exemptive order (the "Order") from the SEC permitting the Advisor, on behalf of the Fund and subject to the approval of the Board, including a majority of the Independent Trustees, to hire or terminate unaffiliated subadvisors and to modify any existing or future subadvisory agreement with unaffiliated subadvisors without shareholder approval. This authority is subject to certain conditions. The Fund will notify shareholders and provide them with certain information required by the Order within 90 days of hiring a new subadvisor. The Fund’s sole shareholder has approved the use of the Order. Please see the SAI for more information on the Order.
The Advisor and its affiliates deal, trade and invest for their own accounts in the types of securities in which the Fund also may invest. The Advisor does not use inside information in making investment decisions on behalf of the Fund.
Expense Limitation Agreement
The Advisor has entered into an Expense Limitation Agreement with the Fund under which it has agreed to waive or reduce its fees and to assume other expenses of the Fund in an amount that limits “Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses” (exclusive of interest, taxes, brokerage fees and commissions, dividends paid on short sales, acquired fund fees and expenses, and extraordinary
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expenses) to not more than 0.40% of the average daily net assets of the Fund for the twelve months ending August 31, 2018.
Sub-Advisor
Pursuant to an investment sub-advisory agreement with the Advisor, MacKay Shields LLC (the “Sub-Advisor”) serves as the sub-advisor to the Fund and makes investment decisions, and buys and sells securities for the Fund. For its services to the Fund, the Sub-Advisor is compensated by the Advisor.
The Sub-Advisor was incorporated in 1969 as an independent investment advisory firm and has been registered as an investment advisor with the SEC since 1969. The Sub-Advisor was privately held until 1984 when it became a wholly-owned subsidiary of New York Life. The Sub-Advisor’s principal office is at 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10105. As of October 31, 2016 the Sub-Advisor had approximately $96.5 billion in assets under management.
Portfolio Management
The Sub-Advisor is responsible for managing the investment portfolios of the Fund and will direct the purchase and sale of the Fund’s investment securities. The Sub-Advisor utilizes a team of investment professionals acting together to manage the assets of the Fund. The team meets regularly to review portfolio holdings and to discuss purchase and sale activity. The team adjusts holdings in the portfolio as they deem appropriate in the pursuit of the Fund’s investment objective.
The portfolio managers who are currently jointly and primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund are Dan Roberts, Scott Dolph and Alexandra Wilson-Elizondo.
Mr. Roberts is an Executive Managing Director at MacKay Shields and has been with the firm since 2004. He has managed the Fund since its inception. Prior to joining MacKay Shields, Mr. Roberts was employed by Pareto Partners. Mr. Roberts holds a BBA and a PhD from the University of Iowa.
Mr. Dolph has served as a portfolio manager for the Fund since its inception. Mr. Dolph is a Managing Director who joined MacKay Shields in 2009. Prior to joining MacKay Shields, Mr. Dolph previously held high yield portfolio management and trading positions at Bank of America Securities LLC, JP Morgan Securities Inc. and Bear Stearns & Co. Mr. Dolph holds a BA from Rutgers University and has been in the investment management industry since 1981.
Ms. Wilson-Elizondo has served as a portfolio manager for the Fund since its inception. Ms. Wilson-Elizondo is an Associate Director who joined MacKay Shields in 2015. Prior to joining MacKay Shields, Ms. Wilson-Elizondo was a Manager, Senior Trader, and ETF Trader at Vanguard, managing corporate credit for Vanguard’s index funds and with responsibilities in index management ETF construction and trading (2008 – 2015). Ms. Wilson-Elizondo received a BA from Haverford College.
For more information about the portfolio managers’ compensation, other accounts managed by the portfolio managers and the portfolio managers’ ownership of securities in the Fund, see the SAI.
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Index Provider
S&P Opco LLC located at 55 Water Street, New York, New York 10041, developed and sponsors the Underlying Index.
The "S&P U.S. High Yield Low Volatility Corporate Bond Index" is a product of S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC or its affiliates (“SPDJI”) and has been licensed for use by IndexIQ Advisors LLC. Standard & Poor’s® and S&P® are registered trademarks of Standard & Poor’s Financial Services LLC (“S&P”) and Dow Jones® is a registered trademark of Dow Jones Trademark Holdings LLC (“Dow Jones”). The trademarks have been licensed to SPDJI and have been sublicensed for use for certain purposes by IndexIQ Advisors LLC. IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF is not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by SPDJI, Dow Jones, S&P, any of their respective affiliates (collectively, “S&P Dow Jones Indices”). S&P Dow Jones Indices makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of the IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF or any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in securities generally or in IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF particularly or the ability of the S&P U.S. High Yield Low Volatility Corporate Bond Index to track general market performance. S&P Dow Jones Indices' only relationship to IndexIQ Advisors LLC with respect to the S&P U.S. High Yield Low Volatility Corporate Bond Index is the licensing of the Index and certain trademarks, service marks and/or trade names of S&P Dow Jones Indices and/or its licensors. The S&P U.S. High Yield Low Volatility Corporate Bond Index is determined, composed and calculated by S&P Dow Jones Indices without regard to IndexIQ Advisors LLC or the IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF. S&P Dow Jones Indices has no obligation to take the needs of IndexIQ Advisors LLC or the owners of IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF into consideration in determining, composing or calculating the S&P U.S. High Yield Low Volatility Corporate Bond Index. S&P Dow Jones Indices is responsible for and have not participated in the determination of the prices, and amount of IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF or the timing of the issuance or sale of IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF or in the determination or calculation of the equation by which IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF is to be converted into cash, surrendered or redeemed, as the case may be. S&P Dow Jones Indices has no obligation or liability in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF. There is no assurance that investment products based on the S&P U.S. High Yield Low Volatility Corporate Bond Index will accurately track index performance or provide positive investment returns. S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC is not an investment advisor. Inclusion of a security within an index is not a recommendation by S&P Dow Jones Indices to buy, sell, or hold such security, nor is it considered to be investment advice.
S&P DOW JONES INDICES DOES NOT GUARANTEE THE ADEQUACY, ACCURACY, TIMELINESS AND/OR THE COMPLETENESS OF THE S&P U.S. High Yield Low Volatility Corporate Bond Index OR ANY DATA RELATED THERETO OR ANY COMMUNICATION, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, ORAL OR WRITTEN COMMUNICATION (INCLUDING ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS) WITH RESPECT THERETO. S&P DOW JONES INDICES SHALL NOT BE SUBJECT TO ANY DAMAGES OR LIABILITY FOR ANY ERRORS, OMISSIONS, OR DELAYS THEREIN. S&P DOW JONES INDICES MAKES NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE OR AS TO RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED BY IndexIQ Advisors LLC, OWNERS OF THE IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF, OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY FROM THE USE OF THE S&P U.S. High Yield Low Volatility Corporate Bond Index OR WITH RESPECT TO ANY DATA RELATED THERETO. WITHOUT LIMITING ANY OF THE FOREGOING, IN NO EVENT WHATSOEVER SHALL S&P DOW JONES INDICES BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, PUNITIVE, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, LOSS OF PROFITS, TRADING LOSSES, LOST TIME OR GOODWILL, EVEN IF THEY
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HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR OTHERWISE. THERE ARE NO THIRD PARTY BENEFICIARIES OF ANY AGREEMENTS OR ARRANGEMENTS BETWEEN S&P DOW JONES INDICES AND IndexIQ Advisors LLC, OTHER THAN THE LICENSORS OF S&P DOW JONES INDICES.
Fund Administrator, Custodian, Transfer Agent and Securities Lending Agent
The Bank of New York Mellon (“BNY Mellon”), located at 101 Barclay Street, New York, New York 10286, serves as the Fund’s Administrator, Custodian, Transfer Agent and Securities Lending Agent. BNY Mellon is the principal operating subsidiary of The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation.
Distributor
ALPS Distributors, Inc. (“ALPS”), located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203 serves as the Distributor of Creation Units for the Fund on an agency basis. The Distributor does not maintain a Secondary Market in Shares. NYLIFE Distributors LLC has entered into a Services Agreement with ALPS to distribute the Fund.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, located at PricewaterhouseCoopers Center, 300 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10017, serves as the independent registered public accounting firm for the Trust.
Legal Counsel
Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP, located at 250 West 55th Street, New York, New York 10019, serves as counsel to the Trust and the Fund.
The Trust’s Board of Trustees has not adopted policies and procedures with respect to frequent purchases and redemptions of Fund Shares by Fund shareholders (“market timing”). In determining not to adopt market timing policies and procedures, the Board noted that the Fund is expected to be attractive to active institutional and retail investors interested in buying and selling Fund Shares on a short-term basis. In addition, the Board considered that, unlike traditional mutual funds, the Fund’s Shares can only be purchased and redeemed directly from the Fund in Creation Units by Authorized Participants, and that the vast majority of trading in the Fund’s Shares occurs on the Secondary Market. Because Secondary Market trades do not involve the Fund directly, it is unlikely those trades would cause many of the harmful effects of market timing, including dilution, disruption of portfolio management, increases in the Fund’s trading costs and the realization of capital gains. With respect to trades directly with the Fund, to the extent effected in-kind (namely, for securities), those trades do not cause any of the harmful effects that may result from frequent cash trades. To the extent trades are effected in whole or in part in cash, the Board noted that those trades could result in dilution to the Fund and increased transaction costs (the Fund may impose higher transaction fees to offset these increased costs), which could negatively impact the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. However, the Board noted that direct trading on a short-term basis by Authorized Participants is critical to ensuring that the Fund’s Shares trade at or close to NAV. Given this structure, the Board determined that it is not necessary to adopt market timing policies and procedures. The Fund reserves the right to reject any purchase order at any time and reserves the right to impose restrictions on disruptive or excessive trading in Creation Units.
The Board of Trustees has instructed the officers of the Trust to review reports of purchases and redemptions of Creation Units on a regular basis to determine if there is any unusual trading in
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the Fund. The officers of the Trust will report to the Board any such unusual trading in Creation Units that is disruptive to the Fund. In such event, the Board may reconsider its decision not to adopt market timing policies and procedures.
The Board of Trustees of the Trust has adopted a Distribution and Service Plan pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act. In accordance with its Rule 12b-1 plan, the Fund is authorized to pay an amount up to 0.10% of its average daily net assets each year to finance activities primarily intended to result in the sale of Creation Units of the Fund or the provision of investor services. No Rule 12b-1 fees are currently paid by the Fund and there are no plans to impose these fees. However, in the event Rule 12b-1 fees are charged in the future, they will be paid out of the Fund’s assets, and over time these fees will increase the cost of your investment and they may cost you more than certain other types of sales charges.
The Advisor and its affiliates may, out of their own resources, pay amounts (“Payments”) to third parties for distribution or marketing services on behalf of the Fund. The making of these payments could create a conflict of interest for a financial intermediary receiving such payments. The Advisor may make Payments for such third parties to organize or participate in activities that are designed to make registered representatives, other professionals and individual investors more knowledgeable about ETFs, including ETFs advised by the Advisor, or for other activities, such as participation in marketing activities and presentations, educational training programs, conferences, the development of technology platforms and reporting systems (“Education Costs”). The Advisor also may make Payments to third parties to help defray costs typically covered by a trading commission, such as certain printing, publishing and mailing costs or materials relating to the marketing of services related to exchange-traded products (such as commission-free trading platforms) or exchange-traded products in general (“Administrative Costs”). As of the date of this Prospectus, the Advisor has agreed to make Payments to Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. (“Charles Schwab”) for the services described above, including Education Costs and Administrative Costs. The Advisor has agreed to make payments to Charles Schwab based on an annual fee for its services, as well as based on the average daily assets held by Charles Schwab customers in certain ETFs advised by the Advisor.
Determination of Net Asset Value (NAV)
The NAV of the Shares for the Fund is equal to the Fund’s total assets minus the Fund’s total liabilities divided by the total number of Shares outstanding. Interest and investment income on the Trust’s assets accrue daily and are included in the Fund’s total assets. Expenses and fees (including investment advisory, management, administration and distribution fees, if any) accrue daily and are included in the Fund’s total liabilities. The NAV that is published is rounded to the nearest cent; however, for purposes of determining the price of Creation Units, the NAV is calculated to eight decimal places. The NAV is calculated by the Administrator and Custodian and determined each Business Day as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE Arca (ordinarily 4:00 p.m. New York time).
The Fund typically values fixed-income portfolio securities using last available bid prices or current market quotations provided by dealers or prices (including evaluated prices) supplied by the Fund’s approved independent third-party pricing services. Pricing services may use matrix pricing or valuation models that utilize certain inputs and assumptions to derive values. Pricing services generally value fixed-income securities assuming orderly transactions of an institutional round lot size, but the Fund may hold or transact in such securities in smaller odd lot sizes. Odd lots often trade at different prices that may be above or below the price at which the pricing
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service has valued the security. An amortized cost method of valuation may be used with respect to debt obligations with sixty days or less remaining to maturity unless the Advisor determines in good faith that such method does not represent fair value.
The Fund invests in non-U.S. securities. Non-U.S. securities held by the Fund may trade on weekends or other days when the Fund does not price its shares. As a result, the Fund’s NAV may change on days when Authorized Participants will not be able to purchase or redeem Fund shares.
Generally, trading in non-U.S. securities, U.S. government securities, money market instruments and certain fixed-income securities is substantially completed each day at various times prior to the close of business on the NYSE. The values of such securities used in computing the NAV of the Fund are determined as of such times.
When market quotations or prices are not readily available or are deemed unreliable or not representative of an investment’s fair value, investments are valued using fair value pricing as determined in good faith by the Advisor under procedures established by and under the general supervision and responsibility of the Trust’s Board of Trustees. The Advisor may conclude that a market quotation is not readily available or is unreliable if a security or other asset or liability does not have a price source due to its lack of liquidity or other reason, if a market quotation differs significantly from recent price quotations or otherwise no longer appears to reflect fair value, where the security or other asset or liability is thinly traded, or if the trading market on which a security is listed is suspended or closed and no appropriate alternative trading market is available.
The frequency with which the Fund’s investments are valued using fair value pricing is primarily a function of the types of securities and other assets in which the Fund invests pursuant to its investment objective, strategies and limitations. If the Fund invests in other open-end management investment companies registered under the 1940 Act, they may rely on the net asset values of those companies to value the shares they hold of them. Those companies may also use fair value pricing under some circumstances.
Valuing the Fund’s investments using fair value pricing results in using prices for those investments that may differ from current market valuations. Accordingly, fair value pricing could result in a difference between the prices used to calculate NAV and the prices used to determine the Fund’s Indicative Intra-Day Value (“IIV”), which could result in the market prices for Shares deviating from NAV.
The approximate value of the Fund’s investments on a per-Share basis, the Indicative Intra-Day Value, or IIV, is disseminated by the NYSE Arca every 15 seconds during hours of trading on the NYSE Arca. The IIV should not be viewed as a “real-time” update of NAV because the IIV may not be calculated in the same manner as NAV, which is computed once per day.
An independent third party calculator calculates the IIV for the Fund during hours of trading on the NYSE Arca by dividing the “Estimated Fund Value” as of the time of the calculation by the total number of outstanding Shares of that Fund. “Estimated Fund Value” is the sum of the estimated amount of cash held in the Fund’s portfolio, the estimated amount of accrued interest owed to the Fund and the estimated value of the securities held in the Fund’s portfolio, minus the estimated amount of the Fund’s liabilities. The IIV will be calculated based on the same portfolio holdings disclosed on the Trust’s website.
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The Fund provides the independent third party calculator with information to calculate the IIV, but the Fund is not involved in the actual calculation of the IIV and is not responsible for the calculation or dissemination of the IIV. The Fund makes no warranty as to the accuracy of the IIV.
Dividends, Distributions and Taxes
Net Investment Income and Capital Gains
As a Fund shareholder, you are entitled to your share of the Fund’s distributions of net investment income and net realized capital gains on its investments. The Fund pays out substantially all of its net earnings to their shareholders as “distributions.”
The Fund typically earns income dividends from stocks and interest from debt securities. These amounts, net of expenses, typically are passed along to Fund shareholders as dividends from net investment income. The Fund realizes capital gains or losses whenever they sell securities. Net capital gains typically are passed along to shareholders as “capital gain distributions.” Net investment income and net capital gains typically are distributed to shareholders at least annually. Dividends may be declared and paid more frequently to improve index tracking or to comply with the distribution requirements of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). In addition, the Fund may decide to distribute at least annually amounts representing the full dividend yield net of expenses on the underlying investment securities, as if the Fund owned the underlying investment securities for the entire dividend period, in which case some portion of each distribution may result in a return of capital. You will be notified regarding the portion of a distribution that represents a return of capital.
Distributions in cash may be reinvested automatically in additional Shares of the Fund only if the broker through which you purchased Shares makes such option available. Distributions which are reinvested nevertheless will be subject to U.S. federal income tax to the same extent as if such distributions had not been reinvested.
U.S. Federal Income Taxation
The following is a summary of certain U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to an investment in Shares of the Fund. The summary is based on the Code, U.S. Treasury Department regulations promulgated thereunder, and judicial and administrative interpretations thereof, all as in effect on the date of this Prospectus and all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. In addition, this summary assumes that a Fund shareholder holds Shares as capital assets within the meaning of the Code and does not hold Shares in connection with a trade or business. This summary does not address all potential U.S. federal income tax considerations possibly applicable to an investment in Shares of the Fund, and does not address the consequences to Fund shareholders subject to special tax rules, including, but not limited to, partnerships and the partners therein, tax-exempt shareholders, those who hold Fund Shares through an IRA, 401(k) plan or other tax-advantaged account, and, except to the extent discussed below, “non-U.S. shareholders” (as defined below). This discussion does not discuss any aspect of U.S. state, local, estate, gift or non-U.S. tax law. Furthermore, this discussion is not intended or written to be legal or tax advice to any shareholder in the Fund or other person and is not intended or written to be used or relied on, and cannot be used or relied on, by any such person for the purpose of avoiding any U.S. federal tax penalties that may be imposed on such person. Prospective Fund shareholders are urged to consult their own tax advisors with respect to the specific U.S. federal, state and local, and non-U.S., tax consequences of investing in Shares, based on their particular circumstances.
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The Fund has not requested and will not request an advance ruling from the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) as to the U.S. federal income tax matters described below. The IRS could adopt positions contrary to those discussed below and such positions could be sustained. Prospective investors should consult their own tax advisors with regard to the U.S. federal tax consequences of the purchase, ownership or disposition of Shares, as well as the tax consequences arising under the laws of any state, non-U.S. country or other taxing jurisdiction. The following supplements, and should be read in conjunction with, the section in the SAI entitled “U.S. Federal Income Taxation.”
Tax Treatment of the Fund
The Fund intends to qualify and elect to be treated as a separate “regulated investment company” (a “RIC”) under the Code. To qualify and remain eligible for the special tax treatment accorded to RICs, the Fund must meet certain annual income and quarterly asset diversification requirements and must distribute annually at least 90% of the sum of (i) its “investment company taxable income” (which includes dividends, interest and net short-term capital gains) and (ii) certain net tax-exempt income, if any.
As a RIC, the Fund generally will not be required to pay corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any ordinary income or capital gains that it distributes to its shareholders. If the Fund fails to qualify as a RIC for any year (subject to certain curative measures allowed by the Code), the Fund will be subject to regular corporate-level U.S. federal income tax in that year on all of its taxable income, regardless of whether the Fund makes any distributions to its shareholders. In addition, in such case, distributions will be taxable to the Fund’s shareholders generally as ordinary dividends to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits. The remainder of this discussion assumes that the Fund will qualify for the special tax treatment accorded to RICs.
The Fund will be subject to a 4% excise tax on certain undistributed income if the Fund does not distribute to its shareholders in each calendar year at least 98% of its ordinary income for the calendar year, 98.2% of its capital gain net income for the twelve months ended October 31 of such year, plus 100% of any undistributed amounts from prior years. For these purposes, the Fund will be treated as having distributed any amount on which it has been subject to U.S. corporate income tax for the taxable year ending within the calendar year. The Fund intends to make distributions necessary to avoid this 4% excise tax, although there can be no assurance that it will be able to do so.
The Fund may be required to recognize taxable income in advance of receiving the related cash payment. For example, if the Fund invests in original issue discount obligations (such as zero coupon debt instruments or debt instruments with payment-in-kind interest), the Fund will be required to include in income each year a portion of the original issue discount that accrues over the term of the obligation, even if the related cash payment is not received by the Fund until a later year. Under the “wash sale” rules, the Fund may not be able to deduct currently a loss on a disposition of a portfolio security. As a result, the Fund may be required to make an annual income distribution greater than the total cash actually received during the year. Such distribution may be made from the existing cash assets of the Fund or cash generated from selling portfolio securities. The Fund may realize gains or losses from such sales, in which event its shareholders may receive a larger capital gain distribution than they would in the absence of such transactions.
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Tax Treatment of Fund Shareholders
Taxation of U.S. Shareholders
The following is a summary of certain U.S. federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of Fund Shares applicable to “U.S. shareholders.” For purposes of this discussion, a “U.S. shareholder” is a beneficial owner of Fund Shares who, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is (i) an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States; (ii) a corporation (or an entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) created or organized in the United States or under the laws of the United States, or of any state thereof, or the District of Columbia; (iii) an estate, the income of which is includable in gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes regardless of its source; or (iv) a trust, if (1) a U.S. court is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of such trust and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust, or (2) the trust has a valid election in place to be treated as a U.S. person.
Fund Distributions. In general, Fund distributions are subject to U.S. federal income tax when paid, regardless of whether they consist of cash or property, and regardless of whether they are re-invested in Shares. However, any Fund distribution declared in October, November or December of any calendar year and payable to shareholders of record on a specified date during such month will be deemed to have been received by each Fund shareholder on December 31 of such calendar year, provided such dividend is actually paid during January of the following calendar year.
Distributions of the Fund’s net investment income (except, as discussed below, qualified dividend income) and net short-term capital gains are taxable as ordinary income to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits. To the extent designated as capital gain dividends by the Fund, distributions of the Fund’s net long-term capital gains in excess of net short-term capital losses (“net capital gain”) are taxable at long-term capital gain tax rates to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, regardless of a Fund shareholder’s holding period in the Fund’s Shares. Distributions of qualified dividend income are, to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, taxed to certain non-corporate Fund shareholders at the rates generally applicable to long-term capital gain, provided that the Fund shareholder meets certain holding period and other requirements with respect to the distributing Fund’s Shares and the distributing Fund meets certain holding period and other requirements with respect to its dividend-paying stocks. Substitute payments received on Fund Shares that are lent out will be ineligible for being reported as qualified dividend income. Given its investment strategy, the Fund does not anticipate that a significant portion of its distributions will be eligible for qualifying dividend treatment.
The Fund intends to distribute its net capital gain at least annually. However, by providing written notice to its shareholders no later than 60 days after its year-end, the Fund may elect to retain some or all of its net capital gain and designate the retained amount as a “deemed distribution.” In that event, the Fund pays U.S. federal income tax on the retained net capital gain, and each Fund shareholder recognizes a proportionate share of the Fund’s undistributed net capital gain. In addition, each Fund shareholder can claim a tax credit or refund for the shareholder’s proportionate share of the Fund’s U.S. federal income taxes paid on the undistributed net capital gain and increase the shareholder’s tax basis in the Shares by an amount equal to the shareholder’s proportionate share of the Fund’s undistributed net capital gain, reduced by the amount of the shareholder’s tax credit or refund.
Distributions in excess of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits will, as to each shareholder, be treated as a tax-free return of capital to the extent of the shareholder’s tax basis in its Shares of the Fund, and generally as capital gain thereafter.
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In addition, high-income individuals (and certain trusts and estates) generally will be subject to a 3.8% Medicare tax on “net investment income” in addition to otherwise applicable U.S. federal income tax. “Net investment income” generally will include dividends (including capital gain dividends) received from the Fund and net gains from the redemption or other disposition of Shares. Please consult your tax advisor regarding this tax.
Investors considering buying Shares just prior to a distribution should be aware that, although the price of the Shares purchased at such time may reflect the forthcoming distribution, such distribution nevertheless may be taxable (as opposed to a non-taxable return of capital).
Sales of Shares. Any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of Shares generally is treated as a long-term gain or loss if the Shares have been held for more than one year. Any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of Shares held for one year or less generally is treated as a short-term gain or loss, except that any capital loss on the sale of Shares held for six months or less is treated as long-term capital loss to the extent that capital gain dividends were paid (or deemed to be paid) with respect to the Shares.
Creation Unit Issues and Redemptions. On an issue of Shares of the Fund as part of a Creation Unit where the creation is conducted in-kind, an Authorized Participant recognizes capital gain or loss equal to the difference between (i) the fair market value (at issue) of the issued Shares (plus any cash received by the Authorized Participant as part of the issue) and (ii) the Authorized Participant’s aggregate basis in the exchanged securities (plus any cash paid by the Authorized Participant as part of the issue). On a redemption of Shares as part of a Creation Unit where the redemption is conducted in-kind, an Authorized Participant recognizes capital gain or loss equal to the difference between (i) the fair market value (at redemption) of the securities received (plus any cash received by the Authorized Participant as part of the redemption) and (ii) the Authorized Participant’s basis in the redeemed Shares (plus any cash paid by the Authorized Participant as part of the redemption). However, the IRS may assert, under the “wash sale” rules or on the basis that there has been no significant change in the Authorized Participant’s economic position, that any loss on creation or redemption of Creation Units cannot be deducted currently.
In general, any capital gain or loss recognized upon the issue or redemption of Shares (as components of a Creation Unit) is treated either as long-term capital gain or loss, if the deposited securities (in the case of an issue) or the Shares (in the case of a redemption) have been held for more than one year, or otherwise as short-term capital gain or loss. However, any capital loss on a redemption of Shares held for six months or less is treated as long-term capital loss to the extent that capital gain dividends were paid (or deemed to be paid) with respect to such Shares.
Taxation of Non-U.S. Shareholders
The following is a summary of certain U.S. federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of Fund Shares applicable to “non-U.S. shareholders.” For purposes of this discussion, a “non-U.S. shareholder” is a beneficial owner of Fund Shares that is not a U.S. shareholder (as defined above) and is not an entity or arrangement treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The following discussion is based on current law and is for general information only. It addresses only selected, and not all, aspects of U.S. federal income taxation.
With respect to non-U.S. shareholders of the Fund, the Fund’s ordinary income dividends generally will be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax at a rate of 30% (or at a lower rate established under an applicable tax treaty), subject to certain exceptions for “interest-related dividends” and “short-term capital gain dividends” discussed below. U.S. federal withholding tax generally will not apply to any gain realized by a non-U.S. shareholder in respect of the Fund’s net capital gain. Special rules apply with respect to dividends of the Fund that are attributable to gain from the sale or exchange of “U.S. real property interests.”
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In general, all “interest-related dividends” and “short-term capital gain dividends” (each defined below) will not be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax, provided that the non-U.S. shareholder furnished the Fund with a completed IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E, as applicable, (or acceptable substitute documentation) establishing the non-U.S. shareholder’s non-U.S. status and the Fund does not have actual knowledge or reason to know that the non-U.S. shareholder would be subject to such withholding tax if the non-U.S. shareholder were to receive the related amounts directly rather than as dividends from the Fund. “Interest-related dividends” generally means dividends designated by the Fund as attributable to the Fund’s U.S.-source interest income, other than certain contingent interest and interest from obligations of a corporation or partnership in which such Fund is at least a 10% shareholder, reduced by expenses that are allocable to such income. “Short-term capital gain dividends” generally means dividends designated by the Fund as attributable to the excess of the Fund’s net short-term capital gain over its net long-term capital loss. Depending on its circumstances, the Fund may treat such dividends, in whole or in part, as ineligible for this exemption from withholding.
In general, subject to certain exceptions, non-U.S. shareholders will not be subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax in respect of a sale or other disposition of Shares of the Fund.
To claim a credit or refund for any Fund-level taxes on any undistributed net capital gain (as discussed above) or any taxes collected through back-up withholding (discussed below), a non-U.S. shareholder must obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification number and file a U.S. federal income tax return even if the non-U.S. shareholder would not otherwise be required to do so.
Back-Up Withholding
The Fund (or a financial intermediary such as a broker through which a shareholder holds Shares in the Fund) may be required to report certain information on a Fund shareholder to the IRS and withhold U.S. federal income tax (“backup withholding”) at a current rate of 28% from taxable distributions and redemption or sale proceeds payable to the Fund shareholder if (i) the Fund shareholder fails to provide the Fund with a correct taxpayer identification number or make required certifications, or if the IRS notifies the Fund that the Fund shareholder is otherwise subject to backup withholding, and (ii) the Fund shareholder is not otherwise exempt from backup withholding. Non-U.S. shareholders can qualify for exemption from backup withholding by submitting a properly completed IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E. Backup withholding is not an additional tax and any amount withheld may be credited against a Fund shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability.
Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act
The U.S. Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (“FATCA”) generally imposes a 30% withholding tax on “withholdable payments” (defined below) made to (i) a “foreign financial institution” (“FFI”), unless the FFI enters into an agreement with the IRS to provide information regarding certain of its direct and indirect U.S. account holders and satisfy certain due diligence and other specified requirements, and (ii) a “non-financial foreign entity” (“NFFE”) unless such NFFE provides certain information about its direct and indirect “substantial U.S. owners” to the withholding agent or certifies that it has no such U.S. owners. The beneficial owner of a “withholdable payment” may be eligible for a refund or credit of the withheld tax. The U.S. government also has entered into several intergovernmental agreements with other jurisdictions to provide an alternative, and generally easier, approach for FFIs to comply with FATCA.
“Withholdable payments” generally include, among other items, (i) U.S.-source interest and dividends, and (ii) gross proceeds from the sale or disposition, occurring on or after January 1, 2019, of property of a type that can produce U.S.-source interest or dividends.
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The Fund may be required to impose a 30% withholding tax on withholdable payments to a shareholder if the shareholder fails to provide the Fund with the information, certifications or documentation required under FATCA, including information, certification or documentation necessary for the Fund to determine if the shareholder is a non-U.S. shareholder or a U.S. shareholder and, if it is a non-U.S. shareholder, if the non-U.S. shareholder has “substantial U.S. owners” and/or is in compliance with (or meets an exception from) FATCA requirements. The Fund will not pay any additional amounts to shareholders in respect of any amounts withheld. The Fund may disclose any shareholder information, certifications or documentation to the IRS or other parties as necessary to comply with FATCA.
The requirements of, and exceptions from, FATCA are complex. All prospective shareholders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the potential application of FATCA with respect to their own situation.
For a more detailed tax discussion regarding an investment in the Fund, please see the section of the SAI entitled “U.S. Federal Income Taxation.
The Trust, the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor and the Distributor each have adopted a code of ethics under Rule 17j-1 of the 1940 Act that is designed to prevent affiliated persons of the Trust, the Advisor, and the Distributor from engaging in deceptive, manipulative or fraudulent activities in connection with securities held or to be acquired by the Fund (which may also be held by persons subject to a code). There can be no assurance that the codes will be effective in preventing such activities. The codes permit personnel subject to them to invest in securities, including securities that may be held or purchased by the Fund. The codes are on file with the SEC and are available to the public.
Fund Website and Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings
The Advisor maintains a website for the Fund at www.IQetfs.com. The website for the Fund contains the following information, on a per-Share basis, for the Fund: (1) the prior Business Day’s NAV; (2) the reported mid-point of the bid-ask spread at the time of NAV calculation (the “Bid-Ask Price”); (3) a calculation of the premium or discount of the Bid-Ask Price against such NAV; and (4) data in chart format displaying the frequency distribution of discounts and premiums of the Bid-Ask Price against the NAV, within appropriate ranges, for each of the four previous calendar quarters (or for the life of the Fund, if shorter). In addition, on each Business Day, before the commencement of trading in Shares on the NYSE Arca, the Fund will disclose on its website (www.IQetfs.com) the identities and quantities of the portfolio securities and other assets held by the Fund that will form the basis for the calculation of NAV at the end of the Business Day.
A description of the Fund’s policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of the Fund’s portfolio securities is available in the SAI.
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The Fund is not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by the NYSE Arca. The NYSE Arca makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of Shares or any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in securities generally or in the Fund particularly or the ability of the Fund to achieve its objectives. The NYSE Arca has no obligation or liability in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the Fund.
For purposes of the 1940 Act, the Fund is a registered investment company, and the acquisition of Shares by other registered investment companies and companies relying on exemption from registration as investment companies under Section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act is subject to the restrictions of Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act, except as permitted by an exemptive order that permits registered investment companies to invest in the Fund beyond those limitations.
Financial Highlights are not presented for the IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF since the Fund has not yet commenced operations.
The following notice does not constitute part of the Prospectus, nor is it incorporated into the Prospectus.
IndexIQ ETF Trust is committed to respecting the privacy of personal information you entrust to us in the course of doing business with us.
The Trust may collect non-public personal information from various sources. The Trust uses such information provided by you or your representative to process transactions, to respond to inquiries from you, to deliver reports, products, and services, and to fulfill legal and regulatory requirements.
We do not disclose any non-public personal information about our customers to anyone unless permitted by law or approved by the customer. We may share this information within the Trust’s family of companies in the course of providing services and products to best meet your investing needs. We may share information with certain third parties who are not affiliated with the Trust to perform marketing services, to process or service a transaction at your request or as permitted by law. For example, sharing information with companies that maintain or service customer accounts for the Trust is essential. We may also share information with companies that perform administrative or marketing services for the Trust, including research firms. When we enter into such a relationship, we restrict the companies’ use of our customers’ information and prohibit them from sharing it or using it for any purposes other than those for which they were hired.
We maintain physical, electronic, and procedural safeguards to protect your personal information. Within the Trust, we restrict access to personal information to those employees who require access to that information in order to provide products or services to our customers, such as handling inquiries. Our employment policies restrict the use of customer information and require that it be held in strict confidence.
We will adhere to the policies and practices described in this notice for both current and former customers of the Trust.
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Trust | IndexIQ ETF Trust, a registered open-end investment company |
Fund | The investment portfolios of the Trust |
Shares | Shares of the Fund offered to investors |
Advisor | IndexIQ Advisors LLC |
Sub-Advisor | MacKay Shields LLC |
Custodian | The Bank of New York Mellon, the custodian of the Fund’s assets |
Distributor | ALPS Distributors, Inc., the distributor of the Fund |
AP or Authorized Participant | Certain large institutional investors such as brokers, dealers, banks or other entities that have entered into authorized participant agreements with the Distributor |
NYSE Arca | NYSE Arca, Inc., the primary market on which Shares are listed for trading |
IIV | The Indicative Intra-Day Value, an appropriate per-Share value based on the Fund’s portfolio |
1940 Act | Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended |
NAV | Net asset value |
SAI | Statement of Additional Information |
SEC | Securities and Exchange Commission |
Secondary Market | A national securities exchange, national securities association or over-the-counter trading system where Shares may trade from time to time |
Securities Act | Securities Act of 1933, as amended |
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IndexIQ ETF Trust
Mailing Address
800 Westchester Avenue, Suite S-710
Rye Brook, New York 10573
1-888-934-0777
www.IQetfs.com
PROSPECTUS | JANUARY 11, 2017
IndexIQ ETF Trust
FOR MORE INFORMATION
If you would like more information about the Trust, the Fund and the Shares, the following documents are available free upon request:
Annual/Semi-annual Report
Additional information about the Fund’s investments is available in the Fund’s annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders (once available). In the Fund’s annual report, you will find a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the Fund’s performance during the last fiscal year.
Statement of Additional Information
Additional information about the Fund and its policies is also available in the Fund’s SAI. The SAI is incorporated by reference into this Prospectus (and is legally considered part of this Prospectus).
The Fund’s annual and semi-annual reports (when available) and the SAI are available free upon request by calling IndexIQ at 1-888-934-0777. You can also access and download the annual and semi-annual reports and the SAI at the Fund’s website: http://www.IQetfs.com.
To obtain other information and for shareholder inquiries:
By telephone: | 1-888-934-0777 | ||
By mail: |
IndexIQ ETF Trust
c/o IndexIQ 800 Westchester Avenue, Suite S-710 Rye Brook, NY 10573 |
||
On the Internet: | SEC Edgar database: http://www.sec.gov; or www.IQetfs.com |
You may review and obtain copies of Fund documents (including the SAI) by visiting the SEC’s public reference room in Washington, D.C. You may also obtain copies of Fund documents, after paying a duplicating fee, by writing to the SEC’s Public Reference Section, Washington, D.C. 20549-0102 or by electronic request to: publicinfo@sec.gov. Information on the operation of the public reference room may be obtained by calling the SEC at (202) 551-8090.
No person is authorized to give any information or to make any representations about the Fund and its Shares not contained in this Prospectus and you should not rely on any other information. Read and keep the Prospectus for future reference.
Dealers effecting transactions in the Fund’s Shares, whether or not participating in this distribution, may be generally required to deliver a Prospectus. This is in addition to any obligation dealers have to deliver a Prospectus when acting as underwriters.
IQ ® and IndexIQ ® are registered service marks of IndexIQ.
The Trust’s investment company registration number is 811-22227.
STATEMENT
OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
INDEXIQ ETF TRUST
800 WESTCHESTER AVENUE
SUITE S-710
RYE BROOK, NEW YORK 10573
PHONE: (888) 934-0777
January 11, 2017
This Statement of Additional Information (this “SAI”) is not a prospectus. It should be read in conjunction with and is incorporated by reference into the prospectus dated January 11, 2017 (the “Prospectus”) for the IndexIQ ETF Trust (the “Trust”), relating to the IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF (HYLV) (the “Fund”), as it may be revised from time to time.
A copy of the Trust’s Prospectus relating to the Fund and the Fund’s annual or semi-annual reports (once available), may be obtained without charge by writing to the Trust, c/o ALPS Distributors, Inc., 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203, by calling (888) 934-0777, or by visiting the Trust’s website at www.IQetfs.com.
Capitalized terms used but not defined herein have the same meaning as in the Prospectus, unless otherwise noted.
Table of Contents
No person has been authorized to give any information or to make any representations other than those contained in this SAI and the Prospectus and, if given or made, such information or representations may not be relied upon as having been authorized by the Trust.
The SAI does not constitute an offer to sell securities.
The information contained herein regarding the indexes underlying the Fund (the “Underlying Index”) and S&P Opco LLC (a subsidiary of S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC) (the “Index Provider”) was provided by the Index Provider, while the information contained herein regarding the securities markets and The Depository Trust Company was obtained from publicly available sources.
The Underlying Index of the Fund is the S&P U.S. High Yield Low Volatility Corporate Bond Index.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE TRUST AND THE FUND
The Trust was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on July 1, 2008 and is authorized to have multiple segregated series or portfolios. The Trust is an open-end management investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). The Trust currently consists of a number of separate investment portfolios, of which 19 are in operation. This SAI addresses the IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF (the “Fund”), an investment portfolio of the Trust, which is deemed to be diversified for the purposes of the 1940 Act. Other portfolios may be added to the Trust in the future. The shares of the Fund are referred to herein as “Fund Shares” or “Shares.” The offering of Shares is registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”).
The Fund is managed by IndexIQ Advisors LLC (the “Advisor”). The Advisor has been registered as an investment adviser with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) since August 2007 and is a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of New York Life Investment Management Holdings LLC.
The Fund is sub-advised by MacKay Shields LLC (the “Sub-Advisor”). The Sub-Advisor was incorporated in 1969 as an independent investment advisory firm and has been registered as an investment advisor with the SEC since 1969. The Sub-Advisor was privately held until 1984 when it became a wholly-owned subsidiary of New York Life.
The Fund offers and issues Shares at net asset value (the “NAV”) only in aggregations of a specified number of Shares (each, a “Creation Unit” or a “Creation Unit Aggregation”). The Shares of the Fund trade or are expected to trade on the NYSE Arca, Inc. (the “Exchange”). Fund Shares will trade on the Exchange at market prices that may be below, at, or above NAV. The consideration for purchase of a Creation Unit of shares of the Fund generally consists of cash only, although the Fund also reserves the right to permit or require the in-kind deposit of a designated portfolio of securities (the “Deposit Securities”) along with a specified cash payment (the “Cash Component”). Shares are redeemable only in Creation Unit Aggregations and, generally, in exchange for a basket Deposit Securities together with a Cash Component. Creation Units are aggregations of 50,000 Shares of the Fund. In the event of the liquidation of the Fund, the Trust may lower the number of Shares in a Creation Unit.
There can be no assurance that the requirements of the Exchange necessary for the Fund to maintain the listing of its Shares will continue to be met. The Exchange will consider the suspension of trading and delisting of the Shares of the Fund from listing if (i) following the initial 12-month period beginning at the commencement of trading of the Fund, there are fewer than 50 beneficial owners of the Shares of the Fund for 30 or more consecutive trading days; (ii) the value of the Underlying Index is no longer calculated or available; or (iii) such other event shall occur or condition exist that, in the opinion of the Exchange, makes further trading on the Exchange inadvisable. The Exchange will remove the Shares of the Fund from listing and trading upon termination of such Fund.
The Fund’s continued listing on the Exchange or another stock exchange or market system is a condition of the exemptive relief the Fund obtained from the SEC to operate as an exchange-traded fund (“ETFs”). The Fund’s failure to be so listed would result in the termination of the Fund.
As in the case of other stocks traded on the Exchange, brokers’ commissions on transactions will be based on negotiated commission rates at customary levels.
The Trust reserves the right to adjust the price levels of the Shares in the future to maintain convenient trading ranges for investors. Any adjustments would be accomplished through stock splits or reverse stock splits, which would have no effect on the net assets of the Fund.
Investment Objectives
The Fund has an investment objective and policies that are distinct from the other series of the Trust. There can be no assurance that the Fund’s objective will be achieved. The investment objective of the Fund is to provide investment results that correspond generally to the price and yield (before the Fund’s fees and expenses) of a particular index S&P U.S. High Yield Low Volatility Corporate Bond Index (the “Underlying Index”) created by S&P Opco, LLC (a subsidiary of S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC) (the “Index Provider”).
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All investment objectives and investment policies not specifically designated as fundamental may be changed without shareholder approval. Additional information about the Fund, its policies, and the investment instruments it may hold, is provided below.
The Fund’s share prices will fluctuate with market, economic and, to the extent applicable, foreign exchange conditions. The Fund should not be relied upon as a complete investment program.
Investment Restrictions
The investment restrictions set forth below have been adopted by the Board of Trustees of the Trust (the “Board”) as fundamental policies that cannot be changed with respect to the Fund without the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund. The investment objective of the Fund and all other investment policies or practices of the Fund are considered by the Trust not to be fundamental and accordingly may be changed without shareholder approval. For purposes of the 1940 Act, a “majority of the outstanding voting securities” means the lesser of the vote of (i) 67% or more of the Shares of the Fund present at a meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding Shares of the Fund are present or represented by proxy, or (ii) more than 50% of the Shares of the Fund.
For purposes of the following limitations, any limitation which involves a maximum percentage shall not be considered violated unless an excess over the percentage occurs immediately after, and is caused by, an acquisition or encumbrance of securities or assets of, or borrowings by, the Fund.
As a matter of fundamental policy, the Fund:
A. May not invest 25% of its total assets in the securities of one or more issuers conducting their principal business activities in the same industry or group of industries (excluding the United States (“U.S.”) government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities). Nonetheless, to the extent the Fund’s Underlying Index is concentrated in a particular industry or group of industries, the Fund’s investments will exceed this 25% limitation to the extent that it is necessary to gain exposure to Underlying Index Components (as defined below) to track its Underlying Index.
B. May borrow money, to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, as such may be interpreted or modified by regulatory authorities having jurisdiction, from time to time.
C. May make loans to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, as such may be interpreted or modified by regulatory authorities having jurisdiction, from time to time.
D. May act as an underwriter of securities within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933 (the “1933 Act”), to the extent permitted under the 1933 Act, as such may be interpreted or modified by regulatory authorities having jurisdiction, from time to time.
E. May purchase or sell real estate or any interest therein to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, as such may be interpreted or modified by regulatory authorities having jurisdiction, from time to time.
F. May not purchase physical commodities or contracts relating to physical commodities, except as permitted under the 1940 Act and other applicable laws, rules and regulations, as such may be interpreted or modified by regulatory authorities having jurisdiction, from time to time.
G. May issue senior securities, to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, as such may be interpreted or modified by regulatory authorities having jurisdiction, from time to time.
The Fund may, notwithstanding any other fundamental investment restriction or policy, invest some or all of its assets in a single ETF, open-end investment company or series thereof with substantially the same fundamental investment objective, restrictions and policies as the Fund.
INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RISKS
A discussion of the risks associated with an investment in the Fund is contained in the Fund’s Prospectus under the headings “Principal Risk Factors,” “Description of the Principal Risks of the Fund” and “Additional Risks.” The discussion below supplements, and should be read in conjunction with, such sections of the Fund’s Prospectus.
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General
Investment in the Fund should be made with an understanding that the value of the portfolio of securities held by the Fund may fluctuate in accordance with changes in the financial condition of the issuers of the portfolio securities, the value of corporate bonds and fixed income securities generally, interest rates and other factors.
The Fund is not actively managed by traditional methods and therefore the adverse financial condition of any one issuer will not result in the elimination of its securities from the portfolio securities held by the Fund unless the securities of such issuer are removed from its respective Underlying Index.
An investment in the Fund should also be made with an understanding that the Fund will not be able to replicate exactly the performance of its Underlying Index because the total return generated by its portfolio securities will be reduced by transaction costs incurred in adjusting the actual balance of such securities and other Fund expenses, whereas such transaction costs and expenses are not included in the calculation of its Underlying Index. It is also possible that for short periods of time, the Fund may not fully replicate the performance of its Underlying Index due to the temporary unavailability of certain Underlying Index securities in the Secondary Market or due to other extraordinary circumstances.
Such events are unlikely to continue for an extended period of time because the Fund is required to correct such imbalances by means of adjusting the composition of its portfolio securities. It is also possible that the composition of the Fund may not exactly replicate the composition of its Underlying Index if the Fund has to adjust its portfolio securities in order to continue to qualify as a “regulated investment company” under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”).
Under normal circumstances, at least 80% of the Fund’s net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, will be invested in its Underlying Index Components. In determining the Fund’s net assets for the purposes of this 80% threshold, accounting practices do not include collateral held under the Fund’s securities lending program, as such collateral does not represent a true asset of the Fund. In addition, the Fund may invest up to 20% of its net assets in investments not included in its Underlying Index, but which the Advisor believes will help the Fund track its Underlying Index. For example, there may be instances in which the Advisor may choose to purchase (or sell) securities not in the Underlying Index that the Advisor believes are appropriate to substitute for one or more Underlying Index Components in seeking to replicate, before fees and expenses, the performance of the Underlying Index.
Furthermore, the Fund may invest in one or more financial instruments, including but not limited to futures contracts, swap agreements and forward contracts, reverse repurchase agreements, and options on securities, indices and futures contracts (collectively, “Financial Instruments”). As an example of the use of such Financial Instruments, the Fund may use credit default swaps on one or more Underlying Index Components in order to achieve exposures that are similar to those of the Underlying Index.
Bonds
The Fund invests a substantial portion of its assets in corporate bonds. A bond is an interest-bearing security issued by a U.S. or non-U.S. company. The issuer of a bond has a contractual obligation to pay interest at a stated rate on specific dates and to repay principal (the bond’s face value) periodically or on a specified maturity date. Bonds generally are used by corporations and governments to borrow money from investors. The investment return of corporate bonds reflects interest earned on the security and changes in the market value of the security. The market value of a corporate bond may be affected by changes in the market rate of interest, the credit rating of the corporation, the corporation’s performance and perceptions of the corporation in the market place. There is a risk that the issuers of the securities may not be able to meet their obligations on interest or principal payments at the time called for by an instrument.
An issuer may have the right to redeem or “call” a bond before maturity, in which case the Fund may have to reinvest the proceeds at lower market rates. Similarly, the Fund may have to reinvest interest income or payments received when bonds mature, sometimes at lower market rates. Most bonds bear interest income at a “coupon” rate that is fixed for the life of the bond. The value of a fixed-rate bond usually rises when market interest rates fall, and falls when market interest rates rise. Accordingly, a fixed-rate bond’s yield (income as a percent of the bond’s current value) may differ from its coupon rate as its value rises or falls. When an investor purchases a fixed-rate bond at a price that is greater than its face value, the investor is purchasing the bond at a premium. Conversely, when an investor purchases a fixed-rate bond at a price that is less than its face value, the investor is purchasing the
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bond at a discount. Fixed-rate bonds that are purchased at a discount pay less current income than securities with comparable yields that are purchased at face value, with the result that prices for such fixed-rate securities can be more volatile than prices for such securities that are purchased at face value. Other types of bonds bear interest at an interest rate that is adjusted periodically. Interest rates on “floating rate” or “variable rate” bonds may be higher or lower than current market rates for fixed-rate bonds of comparable quality with similar final maturities. Because of their adjustable interest rates, the value of “floating rate” or “variable rate” bonds fluctuates much less in response to market interest rate movements than the value of fixed-rate bonds, but their value may decline if their interest rates do not rise as much, or as quickly, as interest rates in general. The Fund may treat some of these bonds as having a shorter maturity for purposes of calculating the weighted average maturity of its investment portfolio. Generally, prices of higher quality issues tend to fluctuate less with changes in market interest rates than prices of lower quality issues and prices of longer maturity issues tend to fluctuate more than prices of shorter maturity issues. Bonds may be senior or subordinated obligations. Senior obligations generally have the first claim on a corporation’s earnings and assets and, in the event of liquidation, are paid before subordinated obligations. Bonds may be unsecured (backed only by the issuer’s general creditworthiness) or secured (backed by specified collateral).
The value of the debt securities generally will fluctuate depending on a number of factors, including, among others, changes in the perceived creditworthiness of the issuers of those securities, movements in interest rates, and the maturity of the debt security. Generally, a rise in interest rates will reduce the value of fixed-income securities, and a decline in interest rates will increase the value of fixed-income securities. Longer term debt securities generally pay higher interest rates than do shorter term debt securities but also may experience greater price volatility as interest rates change.
Ratings
The Fund will invest in bonds that do not have an investment-grade rating. Bonds rated lower than Baa3 by Moody’s or BBB- by Standard & Poor's Ratings Services or Fitch are considered below investment-grade quality and are obligations of issuers that are considered predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal according to the terms of the obligation and, therefore, carry greater investment risk, including the possibility of issuer default and bankruptcy and increased market price volatility. Such securities (“lower-rated securities”) are commonly referred to as “junk bonds” and are subject to a substantial degree of credit risk. Lower-rated securities are often issued by smaller, less creditworthy companies or by highly leveraged (indebted) firms, which are generally less able than more financially stable firms to make scheduled payments of interest and principal. The risks posed by securities issued under such circumstances are substantial. Bonds rated below investment-grade tend to be less marketable than higher-quality bonds because the market for them is less broad. The ratings of fixed-income securities by a credit rating agency are a generally accepted barometer of credit risk. They are, however, subject to certain limitations from an investor's standpoint. The rating of an issuer is heavily weighted by past developments and does not necessarily reflect future conditions. There is frequently a lag between the time a rating is assigned and the time it is updated. In addition, there may be varying degrees of difference in credit risk of securities in each rating category. Please see Appendix C of this SAI for a description of each rating category of Moody's, Standard & Poor's Ratings Services and Fitch.
High Yield Securities
Typically, high yield debt securities (sometimes called “junk bonds”) are rated below investment grade by one or more of the rating agencies and are generally considered to be speculative. Investment in lower rated corporate debt securities provides greater income and increased opportunity for capital appreciation than investments in higher quality securities, but they also typically entail greater price volatility and principal and income risk. These high yield securities are regarded as predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer's continuing ability to meet principal and interest payments.
Investors should be willing to accept the risk associated with investment in high yield/high risk securities. Investment in high yield/high risk bonds involves special risks in addition to the risks associated with investments in higher rated debt securities. High yield/high risk bonds may be more susceptible to real or perceived adverse economic and competitive industry conditions than higher grade bonds. The prices of high yield/high risk bonds have been found to be less sensitive to interest-rate changes than more highly rated investments, but more sensitive to adverse economic downturns or individual corporate developments.
The secondary market on which high yield/high risk bonds are traded may be less liquid than the market for higher grade bonds. Less liquidity in the secondary trading market could adversely affect the price at which the Fund could
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sell a high yield/high risk bond. A projection of an economic downturn or of a period of rising interest rates, for example, could cause a decline in high yield/high risk bond prices because the advent of a recession could lessen the ability of a highly leveraged company to make principal and interest payments on its debt securities. If such securities are determined to be illiquid, then the Fund will limit its investment in these securities subject to its limitation on investments in illiquid securities.
Adverse publicity and investor perceptions, whether or not based on fundamental analysis, may decrease the values and liquidity of high yield/high risk bonds, especially in a thinly traded market.
Some high yield securities are issued by smaller, less-seasoned companies, while others are issued as part of a corporate restructuring, such as an acquisition, merger, or leveraged buyout. Companies that issue high yield securities are often highly leveraged and may not have available to them more traditional methods of financing. Therefore, the risk associated with acquiring the securities of such issuers generally is greater than is the case with investment-grade securities. Some high yield securities were once rated as investment-grade but have been downgraded to junk bond status because of financial difficulties experienced by their issuers.
If the issuer of high yield/high risk bonds defaults, the Fund may incur additional expenses to seek recovery. In the case of high yield/high risk bonds structured as zero coupon or payment-in-kind securities, the market prices of such securities are affected to a greater extent by interest rate changes, and therefore tend to be more volatile than securities that pay interest periodically and in cash.
Analysis of the creditworthiness of issuers of high yield/high risk bonds may be more complex than for issuers of higher quality debt securities. When secondary markets for high yield securities are less liquid than the market for higher grade securities, it may be more difficult to value the securities because such valuation may require more research, and elements of judgment may play a greater role in the valuation because there is less reliable, objective data available. The use of credit ratings as the sole method for evaluating high yield/high risk bonds also involves certain risks. For example, credit ratings evaluate the safety of principal and interest payments, not the market value risk of high yield/high risk bonds. Also, credit rating agencies may fail to change credit ratings on a timely basis to reflect subsequent events.
Floating and Variable Rate Securities
Floating and variable rate securities provide for a periodic adjustment in the interest rate paid on the obligations. The terms of such obligations must provide that interest rates are adjusted periodically based upon an interest rate adjustment index as provided in the respective obligations. The adjustment intervals may be regular and range from daily up to annually, or may be based on an event, such as a change in the prime rate.
Some variable or floating rate securities are structured with liquidity features such as (1) put options or tender options that permit holders (sometimes subject to conditions) to demand payment of the unpaid principal balance plus accrued interest from the issuers or certain financial intermediaries or (2) auction rate features, remarketing provisions, or other maturity-shortening devices designed to enable the issuer to refinance or redeem outstanding debt securities (market-dependent liquidity features). Variable or floating rate securities that include market-dependent liquidity features may have greater liquidity risk than other securities, due to (for example) the failure of a market-dependent liquidity feature to operate as intended (as a result of the issuer's declining creditworthiness, adverse market conditions, or other factors) or the inability or unwillingness of a participating broker/dealer to make a secondary market for such securities. As a result, variable or floating rate securities that include market-dependent liquidity features may lose value and the holders of such securities may be required to retain them until the later of the repurchase date, the resale date, or maturity.
The interest rate on a floating rate debt instrument (“floater”) is a variable rate that is tied to another interest rate, such as a money-market index or Treasury bill rate. The interest rate on a floater may reset periodically, typically every three to six months, or whenever a specified interest rate changes. While, because of the interest rate reset feature, floaters provide the Fund with a certain degree of protection against rises in interest rates; the Fund will participate in any declines in interest rates as well.
Tracking Error Risk
The Fund’s performance may not match its Underlying Index during any period of time. Although the Fund attempts to track the performance of its Underlying Index, the Fund may not be able to duplicate its exact composition or return for any number of reasons, including but not limited to risk that the strategies used by the Advisor to match
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the performance of the Underlying Index may fail to produce the intended results, liquidity risk and new fund risk, as well as the incurring of Fund expenses, which the Underlying Index does not incur. For example, the Fund may not be able to invest in certain securities included in its Underlying Index due to restrictions or limitations imposed, by or a lack of liquidity in, certain countries and stock exchanges in which such securities trade, or may be delayed in purchasing or selling securities included in the Underlying Index. To the extent the Fund intends to engage principally in cash transactions for the creation and redemption of Shares, such practice will affect the Fund’s ability to match the return of its Underlying Index. In addition, tracking error may be created by the use of underlying ETFs or derivative instruments to track Underlying Index Components. In addition, tracking error may occur because of differences in timing of the accrual or the valuation of dividends or interest or tax gains or losses.
Lending of Portfolio Securities
The Fund may lend portfolio securities constituting up to 331/3% of its total assets (as permitted by the 1940 Act). Under present regulatory policies, such loans may be made to institutions, such as brokers or dealers, pursuant to agreements requiring the loans to be continuously secured by collateral in cash, securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities, irrevocable bank letters of credit (upon consent of the Board) or any combination thereof, marked to market daily, at least equal to the market value of the securities loaned. Cash received as collateral for securities lending transactions may be invested in liquid, short-term investments approved by the Advisor.
Investing the collateral subjects the Fund to risks, and the Fund will be responsible for any loss that may result from its investment of the borrowed collateral. The Fund will have the right to terminate a loan at any time and recall the loaned securities within the normal and customary settlement time for securities transactions. For the duration of a loan, the Fund will continue to receive the equivalent of the interest or dividends paid by the issuer on the securities loaned and will also receive compensation from investment of the collateral. These events could also trigger adverse tax consequences for the Fund.
The Fund will generally not have the right to vote securities during the existence of the loan, but the Advisor may call the loan to exercise the Fund’s voting or consent rights on material matters affecting the Fund’s investment in such loaned securities. As with other extensions of credit there are risks of delay in recovering, or even loss of rights in, the collateral and loaned securities should the borrower of the securities fail financially.
Loans will be made only to firms deemed creditworthy, and when the consideration which can be earned from securities loans is deemed to justify the attendant risk. The creditworthiness of a borrower will be considered in determining whether to lend portfolio securities and will be monitored during the period of the loan. It is intended that the value of securities loaned by the Fund will not exceed one-third of the value of the Fund’s total assets (including the loan collateral). Loan collateral (including any investment of the collateral) is not subject to the percentage limitations stated elsewhere in this SAI or the Prospectus regarding investing in fixed-income securities and cash equivalents.
Money Market Instruments
The Fund may invest a portion of its assets in high-quality money market instruments on an ongoing basis rather than in Underlying Index Components, when it would be more efficient or less expensive for the Fund to do so, or as collateral for Financial Instruments, for liquidity purposes, or to earn interest. The instruments in which the Fund may invest include: (1) short-term obligations issued by the U.S. government; (2) negotiable certificates of deposit (“CDs”), fixed time deposits and bankers’ acceptances of U.S. and foreign banks and similar institutions; (3) commercial paper rated at the date of purchase “Prime-1” by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. or “A-1+” or “A-1” by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Group, Inc., a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., or, if unrated, of comparable quality as determined by the Advisor; (4) repurchase agreements; and (5) money market mutual funds. CDs are short-term negotiable obligations of commercial banks. Time deposits are non-negotiable deposits maintained in banking institutions for specified periods of time at stated interest rates. Banker’s acceptances are time drafts drawn on commercial banks by borrowers, usually in connection with international transactions.
Futures Contracts
The Fund may enter into futures contracts. Futures contracts provide for the future sale by one party and purchase by another party of a specified amount of a specific instrument or index at a specified future time and at a specified price. Assets committed to futures contracts will be segregated by the custodian to the extent required by law.
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Futures contracts may be used by the Fund to replicate an Underlying Index Component’s performance. These futures contracts would reference the performance of a security that is an Underlying Index Component or would reference the performance of an index on which such an Underlying Index Component is based, would reference the performance of another index that produces similar returns to those of the Underlying Index Component’s index, or would be used in combination to produce similar returns to those of the Underlying Index Component’s index. The Fund will not use futures contracts for speculative purposes.
All counterparties are subject to pre-approval by the Board. The Board’s pre-approval is based on the creditworthiness of each potential futures contract counterparty. In addition, the Advisor will monitor and manage the counterparty risk posed by the counterparties and take actions as necessary to decrease counterparty risk to the Fund by, among other things, reducing futures contract exposures to certain counterparties and/or seeking alternate or additional counterparties.
The number of counterparties may vary over time. During periods of credit market turmoil or when the aggregate futures contract notional amount needed by the Fund is relatively small given the level of the Fund’s net assets, the Fund may have only one or a few counterparties. In such circumstances, the Fund will be exposed to greater counterparty risk. Moreover, the Fund may be unable to enter into any futures contract on terms that make economic sense (e.g., they may be too costly). To the extent that the Fund is unable to enter into any futures contracts, it may not be able to meet its investment objective. If the Fund is unable to enter into futures contracts, it may engage in other types of derivative transactions, although the added costs, higher asset segregation requirements and lower correlation to Underlying Index Component performance of these other derivatives may adversely affect the Fund’s ability to meet its investment objective.
Credit Default Swaps
The Fund may invest in credit default swaps, including credit default swap index products (sometimes referred to as CDX index).
Credit default swaps are contracts whereby one party, the protection “buyer,” makes periodic payments to a counterparty, the protection “seller,” in exchange for the right to receive from the seller a payment equal to the par (or other agreed-upon value (the “value”) of a particular debt obligation (the “referenced debt obligation”) in the event of a default by the issuer of that debt obligation. A credit default swap may use one or more securities that are not currently held by the Fund as referenced debt obligations. The Fund may be either the buyer or the seller in the transaction. The use of credit default swaps may be limited by a Fund’s limitations on illiquid investments. When the Fund is the buyer of a credit default swap contract, the Fund would be entitled to receive the value of a referenced debt obligation from the seller in the event of a default by a third party, such as a U.S. or non-U.S. issuer, on the debt obligation. In return, the Fund would pay to the seller a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract provided that no event of default has occurred. If no default occurs, the Fund would have spent the stream of payments and received no benefit from the contract. Credit default swaps involve the risk that, in the event that the Fund's Advisor or Subadvisor incorrectly evaluates the creditworthiness of the issuer on which the swap is based, the investment may expire worthless and would generate income only in the event of an actual default by the issuer of the underlying obligation (as opposed to a credit downgrade or other indication of financial instability). They also involve credit risk - that the seller may fail to satisfy its payment obligations to a Fund in the event of a default.
As the seller, the Fund would effectively add leverage to its portfolio because, in addition to its total assets, the Fund would be subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap. In connection with credit default swaps in which the Fund is the seller, the Fund will maintain appropriate liquid assets, or enter into offsetting positions.
In addition to the risks applicable to derivatives generally, credit default swaps involve special risks because they are difficult to value, are highly susceptible to liquidity and credit risk, and generally pay a return to the party that has paid the premium only in the event of an actual default by the issuer of the underlying obligation (as opposed to a credit downgrade or other indication of financial difficulty).
The Fund may also invest in a CDX index, which is an equally-weighted credit default swap index that is designed to track a representative segment of the credit default swap market (e.g., investment grade, high volatility, below investment grade or emerging markets) and provides an investor with exposure to specific “baskets” of issuers of certain debt instruments. CDX index products potentially allow an investor to obtain the same investment exposure as an investor who invests in an individual credit default swap, with an increased level of diversification. Generally,
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the value of the CDX index will fluctuate in response to changes in the perceived creditworthiness or default experience of the basket of issuers of debt instruments to which the CDX index provides exposure. An investor’s investment in a tranche of a CDX index provides customized exposure to certain segments of the CDX index’s potential loss distribution. The lowest or riskiest tranche, known as the equity tranche, has exposure to the first losses experienced by the basket. The mezzanine and senior tranches are higher in the capital structure but may also be exposed to losses in value. Investment in a CDX index is susceptible to liquidity risk, along with credit risk, counterparty risk and others risks associated with an investment in a credit default swaps, as discussed above.
Total Return Swaps
Total return swaps give the Fund the right to receive the appreciation in the value of a specified security, index or other instrument in return for a fee paid to the counterparty, which will typically be an agreed upon interest rate. Total return swaps can also be used to replicate an exposure to a short position in an asset class where the Fund has the right to receive the depreciation in value of a specified security, index or other instrument (“inverse swaps”). If the underlying asset in a total return swap declines in value (or increases in value, if an inverse swap) over the term of the swap, the Fund may also be required to pay the dollar value of that decline (or increase, if an inverse swap) to the counterparty.
The Fund may use total return swaps to replicate an Underlying Index Component’s performance. These total return swaps would reference the performance of an security that is an Underlying Index Component or a ETF, ETN or ETV (each an “exchange-traded issuer”) that is an Underlying Index Component, an index on which such an exchange-traded issuer is based, or one or more of the portfolio constituents of such exchange-traded issuer.
The Fund will segregate liquid assets, which may include securities, cash or cash equivalents, to cover the Fund’s daily marked-to-market net obligations under outstanding swap agreements. This segregation of assets may limit the Fund’s investment flexibility, as well as its ability to meet redemption requests or other current obligations.
All counterparties are subject to pre-approval by the Board. The Board’s pre-approval is based on the creditworthiness of each potential swap counterparty. In addition, the Advisor will monitor and manage the counterparty risk posed by the counterparties and take actions as necessary to decrease counterparty risk to the Fund by, among other things, reducing swap exposures to certain counterparties and/or seeking alternate or additional counterparties.
The number of counterparties may vary over time. During periods of credit market turmoil or when the aggregate swap notional amount needed by the Fund is relatively small given the level of the Fund’s net assets, the Fund may have only one or a few counterparties. In such circumstances, the Fund will be exposed to greater counterparty risk. Moreover, the Fund may be unable to enter into any total return swap on terms that make economic sense (e.g., they may be too costly). To the extent that the Fund is unable to enter into any total return swaps, it may not be able to meet its investment objective. If the Fund is unable to enter into total return swaps, it may engage in other types of derivative transactions, although the added costs, higher asset segregation requirements and lower correlation to Underlying Index Component performance of these other derivatives may adversely affect the Fund’s ability to meet its investment objective.
Cyber Security
With the increasing use of the Internet and technology in connection with the Fund’s operations, the Fund has become potentially more susceptible to greater operational and information security risks through breaches in cyber security. Cyber security breaches include, without limitation, infection by computer viruses and unauthorized access to the Fund’s systems through “hacking” or other means for the purpose of misappropriating assets or sensitive information, corrupting data, or causing operations to be disrupted. Cyber security breaches may also occur in a manner that does not require gaining unauthorized access, such as denial-of-service attacks or situations where authorized individuals intentionally or unintentionally release confidential information stored on the Fund’s systems. A cyber security breach may cause disruptions and impact the Fund’s business operations, which could potentially result in financial losses, inability to determine the Fund’s NAV, impediments to trading, the inability of shareholders to transact business, violation of applicable law, regulatory penalties and/or fines, compliance and other costs.
The Fund and its shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result. Further, substantial costs may be incurred in order to prevent future cyber incidents. In addition, because the Fund works closely with third-party service providers (e.g., custodians and unaffiliated sub-advisors), indirect cyber security breaches at such third-party service
8
providers may subject Fund shareholders to the same risks associated with direct cyber security breaches. Further, indirect cyber security breaches at an issuer of securities in which the Fund invests may similarly negatively impact Fund shareholders because of a decrease in the value of these securities. While the Fund has established risk management systems designed to reduce the risks associated with cyber security breaches, there can be no assurances that such measures will be successful particularly since the Fund does not control the cyber security systems of issuers or third-party service providers. The Fund and its shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result.
Liquidation of the Fund
The Board may determine to close and liquidate the Fund at any time, which may have adverse consequences for shareholders. In the event of the liquidation of the Fund, shareholders will receive a liquidating distribution in cash or in-kind equal to their proportionate interest in the Fund. A liquidating distribution may be a taxable event to shareholders, resulting in a gain or loss for tax purposes, depending upon a shareholder's basis in his or her shares of the Fund. A shareholder of a liquidating Fund will not be entitled to any refund or reimbursement of expenses borne, directly or indirectly, by the shareholder (such as sales loads, account fees, or fund expenses), and a shareholder may receive an amount in liquidation less than the shareholder’s original investment.
Tax Risks
As with any investment, you should consider how your investment in Shares of the Fund will be taxed. The tax information in the Prospectus and this SAI is provided as general information. You should consult your own tax professional about the tax consequences of an investment in Shares of the Fund.
Board Responsibilities. The business of the Trust is managed under the direction of the Board. The Board has considered and approved contracts, as described herein, under which certain companies provide essential management and administrative services to the Trust. The day-to-day business of the Trust, including the day-to-day management of risk, is performed by the service providers of the Trust, such as the Advisor, Sub-Advisor, Distributor and Administrator. The Board is responsible for overseeing the Trust’s service providers and, thus, has oversight responsibility with respect to the risk management performed by those service providers. Risk management seeks to identify and eliminate or mitigate the potential effects of risks such as events or circumstances that could have material adverse effects on the business, operations, shareholder services, investment performance or reputation of the Trust or the Fund. The Board’s role in risk management oversight begins before the inception of an investment portfolio, at which time the Advisor and Sub-Advisor present the Board with information concerning the investment objectives, strategies and risks of the investment portfolio. Additionally, the Advisor and Sub-Advisor provide the Board with an overview of, among other things, the firm’s investment philosophy, brokerage practices and compliance infrastructure. Thereafter, the Board oversees the risk management of the investment portfolio’s operations, in part, by requesting periodic reports from and otherwise communicating with various personnel of the service providers, including the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer and the independent registered public accounting firm of the Trust. The Board and, with respect to identified risks that relate to its scope of expertise, the Audit Committee of the Board, oversee efforts by management and service providers to manage risks to which the Fund may be exposed.
Under the overall supervision of the Board and the Audit Committee (discussed in more detail below), the service providers to the Trust employ a variety of processes, procedures and controls to identify risks relevant to the operations of the Trust and the Fund to lessen the probability of their occurrence and/or to mitigate the effects of such events or circumstances if they do occur. Each service provider is responsible for one or more discrete aspects of the Trust’s business and, consequently, for managing the risks associated with that activity.
The Board is responsible for overseeing the nature, extent and quality of the services provided to the Fund by the Advisor and Sub-Advisor and receives information about those services at its regular meetings. In addition, on at least an annual basis, in connection with its consideration of whether to renew the Advisory Agreement with the Advisor and the Sub-Advisory Agreement with the Sub-Advisor, the Board receives detailed information from the Advisor and Sub-Advisor. Among other things, the Board regularly considers each of the Advisor’s and Sub-Advisor’s adherence to the Fund’s investment restrictions and compliance with various policies and procedures of the Trust and with applicable securities regulations. The Board also reviews information about the Fund’s performance and investments.
9
The Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer meets regularly with the Board to review and discuss compliance and other issues. At least annually, the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer provides the Board with a report reviewing the adequacy and effectiveness of the Trust’s policies and procedures and those of its service providers, including the Advisor and Sub-Advisor. The report addresses the operation of the policies and procedures of the Trust and each service provider since the date of the last report, material changes to the policies and procedures since the date of the last report, any recommendations for material changes to the policies and procedures, and material compliance matters since the date of the last report.
The Board receives reports from the Trust’s service providers regarding operational risks, portfolio valuation and other matters. Annually, the independent registered public accounting firm reviews with the Audit Committee its audit of the financial statements of the Fund, focusing on major areas of risk encountered by the Trust and noting any significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in the Trust’s internal controls.
The Board recognizes that not all risks that may affect the Fund can be identified, that it may not be practical or cost-effective to eliminate or mitigate certain risks, that it may be necessary to bear certain risks (such as investment-related risks) to achieve the Fund’s goals, and that the processes, procedures and controls employed to address certain risks may be limited in their effectiveness. Moreover, despite the periodic reports the Board receives and the Board’s discussions with the service providers to the Trust, it may not be made aware of all of the relevant information of a particular risk. Most of the Trust’s investment management and business affairs are carried out by or through the Advisor and other service providers, each of which has an independent interest in risk management but whose policies and the methods by which one or more risk management functions are carried out may differ from the Trust’s and each other’s in the setting of priorities, the resources available or the effectiveness of relevant controls. As a result of the foregoing and other factors, the Board’s risk management oversight is subject to substantial limitations.
Members of the Board and Officers of the Trust. Set forth below are the names, years of birth, position with the Trust, term of office, portfolios supervised and the principal occupations and other directorships for a minimum of the last five years of each of the persons currently serving as members of the Board and as Executive Officers of the Trust. Also included below is the term of office for each of the Executive Officers of the Trust. The members of the Board serve as Trustees for the life of the Trust or until retirement, removal, or their office is terminated pursuant to the Trust’s Declaration of Trust.
The Chairman of the Board, Adam Patti, is an interested person of the Trust as that term is defined under Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act (the “Interested Trustee”) because of his affiliation with the Advisor. Three of the Trustees, Reena Aggarwal, Michael Pignataro and Paul Schaeffer, and their immediate family members have no affiliation or business connection with the Advisor or the Fund’s principal underwriter or any of their affiliated persons and do not own any stock or other securities issued by the Advisor or the Fund’s principal underwriter. These Trustees are not Interested Persons of the Trust and are referred to herein as “Independent Trustees.”
There is an Audit Committee and Nominating Committee of the Board, each of which is chaired by an Independent Trustee and comprised solely of Independent Trustees. The Committee chair for each is responsible for running the Committee meeting, formulating agendas for those meetings, and coordinating with management to serve as a liaison between the Independent Trustees and management on matters within the scope of the responsibilities of such Committee as set forth in its Board-approved charter. There is a Valuation Committee, which is comprised of the Independent Trustees and representatives of the Advisor to take action in connection with the valuation of portfolio securities held by the Fund in accordance with the Board-approved Valuation Procedures. The Board has determined that this leadership structure is appropriate given the specific characteristics and circumstances of the series of the Trust. The Board made this determination in consideration of, among other things, the fact that the Independent Trustees constitute a majority of the Board, the assets under management of the series of the Trust, the number of portfolios overseen by the Board and the total number of trustees on the Board.
10
Independent Trustees
Name
and Year
of Birth (1) |
Position(s)
Held with Trust |
Term
of
Office and Length of Time Served (2) |
Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years |
Number
of
Portfolios in Fund Complex Overseen by Trustee (3) |
Other
Directorships Held by Trustee During Past 5 Years |
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Reena
Aggarwal
1957 |
Trustee |
Since
August 2008 |
Robert E. McDonough Professor (2003 to present) and Professor of Finance (2000 to 2003), McDonough School of Business, Georgetown University (2000 to present); Co-Chair of Board, Social Innovations and Public Service Fund, Georgetown University (2012 to present); and Director, Brightwood Capital Advisors, L.P. (2013 to present). | 21 |
FBR
& Co.
(2011 to present) Hennessy Funds Trust (fka The FBR Funds) (2006 to 2011) |
|||||
Michael A. Pignataro, 1959
|
Trustee | Since April 2015 | Proprietor, Countless Collectables LLC (online retailer) (2009 to present); Director, Credit Suisse Asset Management (2001 to 2013); and Chief Financial Officer, Credit Suisse Funds (1996 to 2012). | 21 | The New Ireland Fund, Inc. (closed-end fund) (2015 to present) | |||||
Paul D. Schaeffer, 1951 |
Trustee | Since April 2015 | President, AlphaHut (dba Aspiring Solution Partners) (financial services consulting) (2013 to present); Managing Director, Forward Management LLC (asset management) (2010 to 2013); and President, Reflow Management (mutual fund service provider) (2008 to 2010). | 21 |
Context Capital Funds (mutual fund trust) (2014 to present); PopTech! (conference operator) (2012 to present) |
Interested Trustee
Name
and Year
of Birth (1) |
Position(s)
Held with Trust |
Term
of
Office and Length of Time Served (2) |
Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years |
Number
of
Portfolios in Fund Complex Overseen by Trustee (3) |
Other
Directorships Held by Trustee During Past 5 Years |
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
Adam S. Patti
1970 (4) |
Chairman and Trustee
President and Principal Executive Officer |
Since November
2008
Since July 2008 |
Chairman, Trustee, President and Principal Executive, IndexIQ Trust (2008 to present); and Chief Executive Officer, the Advisor (2007 to present); and Chief Executive Officer, IndexIQ (2006 to present). | 21 | None | |||||
11
Other Officers
Name and Year of Birth (1) |
Position(s)
Held with Trust |
Term
of
Office and Length of Time Served (2) |
Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years | |||
|
|
|
|
|||
Kevin M. Bopp 1969 |
Chief Compliance Officer |
Since January 2017 |
Chief Compliance Officer, IndexIQ (since January 2017); Chief Compliance Officer (since January 2016), Director and Associate General Counsel (2011 to 2014) and Vice President and Assistant General Counsel (2010 to 2011), New York Life Investment Management LLC; Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer, MainStay VP Funds Trust, MainStay DefinedTerm Municipal Opportunities Fund (since 2014); Assistant Secretary, MainStay Funds, MainStay Funds Trust and MainStay VP Funds Trust (2010 to 2014), MainStay DefinedTerm Municipal Opportunities Fund (2011 to 2014). | |||
Matthew V. Curtin, 1982 | Secretary and Chief Legal Officer |
Since June
2015 |
Legal Counsel, IndexIQ (since June 2015); Chief Compliance Officer, IndexIQ, IndexIQ Trust, IndexIQ ETF Trust and IndexIQ Active ETF Trust (June 2015 to January 2017); Associate General Counsel, New York Life Insurance Company (since February 2015); Associate, Dechert LLP (2007 to 2015). | |||
David L. Fogel
1971 |
Treasurer,
Principal
Executive Vice President |
Since
October
Since June 2011 |
Treasurer, Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer, IndexIQ Trust (2008 to present); Executive Vice President, IndexIQ Trust (2011 to present); President (2013 to present) and Executive Vice President (2006 to 2013), IndexIQ; and formerly, Chief Compliance Officer, IndexIQ Trust (2008-2015). | |||
(1) | The address of each Trustee or officer is c/o IndexIQ, 800 Westchester Avenue, Suite S-710, Rye Brook, New York 10573. |
(2) | Trustees and Officers serve until their successors are duly elected and qualified. |
(3) | The Fund is part of a “fund complex” as defined in the 1940 Act. The fund complex includes all open-end funds (including all of their portfolios) advised by the Advisor and any funds that have an investment advisor that is an affiliated person of the Advisor. As of the date of this SAI, the fund complex consists of the Trust’s series and the one fund of the IndexIQ Trust advised by the Advisor. |
(4) | Mr. Patti is an “interested person” of the Trust (as that term is defined in the 1940 Act) because of his affiliations with the Advisor. |
The Board met six times during the fiscal year ended April 30, 2016.
Description of Standing Board Committees
Audit Committee. The principal responsibilities of the Audit Committee are the appointment, compensation and oversight of the Trust’s independent auditors, including the resolution of disagreements regarding financial reporting between Trust management and such independent auditors. The Audit Committee’s responsibilities include, without limitation, to (i) oversee the accounting and financial reporting processes of the Trust and its internal control over financial reporting and, as the Committee deems appropriate, to inquire into the internal control over financial reporting of certain third-party service providers; (ii) oversee the quality and integrity of the financial statements and the independent audits of the series of the Trust; (iii) oversee, or, as appropriate, assist Board oversight of, the Trust’s compliance with legal and regulatory requirements that relate to the Trust’s accounting and financial reporting, internal control over financial reporting and independent audits; (iv) approve prior to appointment the engagement of the Trust’s independent auditors and, in connection therewith, to review and evaluate the qualifications, independence and performance of the Trust’s independent auditors; and (v) act as a liaison between the Trust’s independent auditors and the full Board. The Board has adopted a written charter for the Audit Committee. All of the Independent Trustees serve on the Trust’s Audit Committee. During the fiscal year ended April 30, 2016, the Audit Committee met two times.
Nominating Committee. The Nominating Committee has been established to: (i) assist the Board in matters involving mutual fund governance and industry practices; (ii) select and nominate candidates for appointment or election to serve as Trustees who are not “interested persons” of the Trust or its Advisor or distributor (as defined by the 1940 Act); and (iii) advise the Board on ways to improve its effectiveness. All of the Independent Trustees serve on the Nominating Committee. As stated above, each Trustee holds office for an indefinite term until the occurrence of certain events. In filling Board vacancies, the Nominating Committee will consider nominees recommended by shareholders. Nominee recommendations should be submitted to the Trust at its mailing address stated in the Fund’s Prospectus and should be directed to the attention of the IndexIQ ETF Trust Nominating Committee. During the fiscal year ended April 30, 2016, the Nominating Committee met one time.
Valuation Committee. The Valuation Committee shall oversee the implementation of the Trust’s Valuation Procedures. The Valuation Committee shall make fair value determinations on behalf of the Board as specified in the Valuation Procedures. The Valuation Committee has appointed the Advisor Fair Valuation Committee to deal in the first instance with questions that arise or cannot be resolved under the Valuation Procedures. All of the
12
Independent Trustees serve on the Trust’s Valuation Committee. During the fiscal year ended April 30, 2016, the Valuation Committee did not meet.
Individual Trustee Qualifications
The Trust has concluded that each of the Trustees should serve on the Board because of their ability to review and understand information about the Trust and its series provided to them by management, to identify and request other information they may deem relevant to the performance of their duties, to question management and other service providers regarding material factors bearing on the management and administration of the series of the Trust, and to exercise their business judgment in a manner that serves the best interests of the Fund’s shareholders. The Trust has concluded that each of the Trustees should serve as a Trustee based on their own experience, qualifications, attributes and skills as described below.
The Trust has concluded that Mr. Patti should serve as trustee of the Trust because of the experience he has gained as Chief Executive Officer of the Advisor and Chief Executive Officer of IndexIQ, his knowledge of and experience in the financial services industry, and the experience he has gained serving as chairman and trustee of the Trust’s series since 2008.
The Trust has concluded that Ms. Aggarwal should serve as trustee of the Trust and as the audit committee financial expert because of the experience she has gained as a professor of finance and deputy dean at Georgetown University’s McDonough School of Business, her service as trustee for another mutual fund family, the experience she has gained serving as trustee of the Trust’s series since 2008 and her general expertise with respect to financial matters and accounting principles.
The Trust has concluded that Mr. Pignataro should serve as trustee of the Trust because of the experience he has gained as a businessman and, in particular, his prior service in the financial services industry as a Director of Credit Suisse Asset Management and Chief Financial Officer of the Credit Suisse Funds.
The Trust has concluded that Mr. Schaeffer should serve as trustee of the Trust because of his experience in the financial services industry, including his experience as a director of and service provider to investment companies.
Trustee Ownership of Fund Shares
Listed below for each Trustee is a dollar range of securities beneficially owned in the Trust together with the aggregate dollar range of equity securities in all registered investment companies overseen by each Trustee that are in the same family of investment companies as the Trust, as of December 31, 2015. As of the December 31, 2015, the IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF had not yet commenced operations.
Name
of
Trustee |
Fund Name |
Dollar
Range
of Equity Securities in the Fund |
Aggregate
Dollar Range
of Equity Securities in All Registered Investment Companies Overseen by Trustee in Family of Investment Companies (1) |
|||
Reena Aggarwal | IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF | None | None | |||
Michael A. Pignataro | IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF | None | None | |||
Paul D. Schaeffer | IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF | None | None | |||
Adam S. Patti (2) | IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF | None | Over $500,000 |
(1) “Family of Investment Companies” consists of all mutual funds and ETFs advised by the Advisor and its affiliate advisers.
(2) Interested Trustee.
13
Board Compensation
For each in-person quarterly Board Meeting, each Independent Trustee receives $5,000. For each additional in-person meeting, each Independent Trustee receives $3,000 and for any phone meeting, each Independent Trustee receives $2,000. As Audit Committee chair, Ms. Aggarwal receives an annual stipend of $10,000. In addition, the Independent Trustees are reimbursed for all reasonable travel expenses relating to their attendance at the Board Meetings. The following table sets forth certain information with respect to the compensation of each Trustee for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2016:
Name and Position |
Aggregate
Compensation From The Trust |
Pension or
Retirement Benefits Accrued As Part of Trust Expenses |
Estimated
Annual Benefits Upon Retirement |
Total Compensation
From Trust and Fund Complex Paid to Trustees (1) |
||||
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Reena Aggarwal, Trustee | $36,000 | N/A | N/A | $90,500 | ||||
Michael A. Pignataro 2 , Trustee | $24,000 | N/A | N/A | $51,000 | ||||
Paul D. Schaeffer 2 , Trustee | $23,000 | N/A | N/A | $48,500 | ||||
Adam S. Patti, Trustee & Chairman | None | None | None | None |
(1) | “Fund Complex” consists of all mutual funds and ETFs advised by the Advisor and its affiliate advisors. |
(2) | Messrs. Pignataro and Schaeffer were elected trustees of the Trust on April 15, 2016. |
Code of Ethics
The Trust, its Advisor, Sub-Advisor and principal underwriter have each adopted a code of ethics under Rule 17j-1 of the 1940 Act that permit personnel subject to their particular codes of ethics to invest in securities, including securities that may be purchased or held by the Fund.
The Board believes that the voting of proxies on securities held by the Fund is an important element of the overall investment process. As such, the Board has delegated responsibility for decisions regarding proxy voting for securities held by each series of the Trust to the Advisor. The Advisor will vote such proxies in accordance with its proxy policies and procedures, a summary of which is included in Appendix A to this Statement of Additional Information. The Board will periodically review each series’ proxy voting record.
The Trust is required to disclose annually the series complete proxy voting record on Form N-PX covering the period July 1 through June 30 and file it with the SEC no later than August 31 of each year. The Fund’s Form N-PX will be available at no charge upon request by calling 1-888-934-0777. It will also be available on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.
CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES
As of the date of this Statement of Additional Information, the Fund has not commenced operations and there are no owners of record 5% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund.
The following information supplements and should be read in conjunction with the section in the Prospectus entitled “Management.”
Advisor
IndexIQ Advisors LLC, the Advisor, serves as investment advisor to each series of the Trust, including the Fund, and has overall responsibility for the general management and administration of the Trust, pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement between the Trust and the Advisor (the “Advisory Agreement”). Under the Advisory Agreement, the Advisor, subject to the supervision of the Board and in concert with the Sub-Advisor, provides an investment program for the Fund and is responsible for the investment of the its assets in conformity
14
with its stated investment policies. The Advisor is responsible for the supervision of the Sub-Advisor and its management of the investment portfolio of the Fund. The Advisor also arranges for the provision of distribution, sub-advisory, transfer agency, custody, administration and all other services necessary for the series of the Trust to operate.
The Advisory Agreement will continue in effect with respect to the Fund from year to year provided such continuance is specifically approved at least annually by (i) the vote of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities or a majority of the Trustees of the Trust, and (ii) the vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees of the Trust, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval.
The Advisory Agreement will terminate automatically if assigned (as defined in the 1940 Act). The Advisory Agreement is also terminable with respect to the Fund at any time without penalty by the Trustees of the Trust or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund on 60 days’ written notice to the Advisor or by the Advisor on 60 days’ written notice to the Trust.
Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, the Advisor is entitled to receive a fee, payable monthly, at the annual rate for the Fund of 0.40% based on a percentage of its average daily net assets.
In consideration of the fees paid with respect to the Fund and the other series of the Trust, the Advisor has agreed to pay all expenses of the Trust, except (i) brokerage and other transaction expenses, including taxes; (ii) extraordinary legal fees or expenses, such as those for litigation or arbitration; (iii) compensation and expenses of the Independent Trustees, counsel to the Independent Trustees, and the Trust’s chief compliance officer; (iv) extraordinary expenses; (v) distribution fees and expenses paid by the Trust under any distribution plan adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act; and (vi) the advisory fee payable to the Advisor hereunder.
As of the date of this SAI, the Fund have not commenced operations and, therefore, have not yet incurred any advisory fees under the Advisory Agreement.
In addition to providing advisory services under the Advisory Agreement, the Advisor also: (i) supervises all non-advisory operations of the Fund and the other series of the Trust; (ii) provides personnel to perform such executive, administrative and clerical services as are reasonably necessary to provide effective administration of the Fund and the other series of the Trust; (iii) arranges for (a) the preparation of all required tax returns, (b) the preparation and submission of reports to existing shareholders, (c) the periodic updating of prospectuses and statements of additional information and (d) the preparation of reports to be filed with the SEC and other regulatory authorities; (iv) maintains the records of the Fund and the other series of the Trust; and (v) provides office space and all necessary office equipment and services.
Expense Limitation Agreement
The Advisor has entered into an Expense Limitation Agreement with the Fund under which it has agreed to waive or reduce its fees and to assume other expenses of the Fund in an amount that limits “Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses” (exclusive of interest, taxes, brokerage fees and commissions, dividends paid on short sales, acquired fund fees and expenses, and extraordinary expenses) to not more than 0.40% of the average daily net assets of the Fund for the twelve months ending August 31, 2018.
Sub-Advisor
MacKay Shields LLC, 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10105, serves as investment sub-advisor to the Fund pursuant to the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor (the “Sub-Advisory Agreement”). The Sub-Advisor is responsible for placing purchase and sale orders and shall make investment decisions for the Fund, subject to the supervision by the Advisor and the Board. For its services, the Sub-Advisor is compensated by the Advisor. As of October 31, 2016, the Sub-Advisor managed approximately $96.5 billion in assets.
The Sub-Advisory Agreement will continue in effect with respect to the Fund from year to year provided such continuance is specifically approved at least annually by (i) the vote of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities or a majority of the Trustees of the Trust, and (ii) the vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees of the Trust, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval.
The Sub-Advisory Agreement will terminate automatically if assigned (as defined in the 1940 Act). The Sub-Advisory Agreement is also terminable with respect to the Fund at any time without penalty by the Trustees of the
15
Trust or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund on 60 days’ written notice to the Sub-Advisor or by the Sub-Advisor on 60 days’ written notice to the Advisor.
Portfolio Managers
The Sub-Advisor acts as portfolio manager for the Fund. Subject to the supervision of the Advisor and the Board, the Sub-Advisor will supervise and manage the investment portfolios of the Fund and will direct the purchase and sale of its investment securities. The Sub-Advisor utilizes a team of investment professionals acting together to manage the assets of the Fund. The team meets regularly to review portfolio holdings and to discuss purchase and sale activity. The team adjusts holdings in the portfolio as they deem appropriate in the pursuit of the Fund’s investment objective.
The portfolio managers who are currently jointly and primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund are Dan Roberts, Scott Dolph and Alexandra Wilson-Elizondo.
Other Accounts Managed
The following tables provide additional information about other portfolios or accounts managed by the Fund’s portfolio managers as of November 30, 2016. Total number of other accounts managed by the portfolio managers within each category below and the total assets in the accounts managed within each category below.
|
||||||
Portfolio Manager |
Registered Investment
Companies |
Other Pooled
Investment Vehicles |
Other Accounts | |||
|
||||||
Number
of
|
Total
|
Number
of
|
Total
|
Number
of
|
Total
|
|
Dan Roberts | 13 | $6,516,555,371 | 37 | $14,850,207,875 | 142 | $26,840,482,566 |
Scott Dolph | 0 | $0 | 0 | $0 | 0 | $0 |
Alexandra Wilson-Elizondo | 0 | $0 | 0 | $0 | 0 | $0 |
Material Conflicts of Interest .
Because the portfolio managers may manage multiple portfolios for multiple clients, the potential for conflicts of interest exists. Each portfolio manager may manage portfolios having substantially the same investment style as the Fund. However, the portfolios managed by a portfolio manager may not have portfolio compositions identical to those of the Fund managed by the portfolio manager due, for example, to specific investment limitations or guidelines present in some portfolios or accounts, but not others. The portfolio managers may purchase securities for one portfolio and not another portfolio, and the performance of securities purchased for one portfolio may vary from the performance of securities purchased for other portfolios. A portfolio manager may place transactions on behalf of other accounts that are directly or indirectly contrary to investment decisions made on behalf of the Fund, or make investment decisions that are similar to those made for the Fund, both of which have the potential to adversely impact the Fund depending on market conditions. For example, a portfolio manager may purchase a security in one portfolio while appropriately selling that same security in another portfolio. In addition, some of these portfolios have fee structures that are or have the potential to be higher than the advisory fees paid by the Fund, which can cause potential conflicts in the allocation of investment opportunities between the Fund and the other accounts. However, the compensation structure for portfolio managers does not generally provide incentive to favor one account over another because that part of a manager’s bonus based on performance is not based on the performance of one account to the exclusion of others. There are many other factors considered in determining the portfolio
16
managers’ bonus and there is no formula that is applied to weight the factors listed (see “Compensation”). In addition, current trading practices do not allow the Sub-Advisor to intentionally favor one portfolio over another as trades are executed as trade orders are received. Portfolio’s rebalancing dates also generally vary between fund families. Program trades created from the portfolio rebalance are executed at market on close.
Certain portfolio managers who are responsible for managing certain institutional accounts of the Sub-Advisor share a performance fee based on the performance of the account. These accounts are distinguishable from the Fund because they use techniques that are not permitted for the Fund, such as short sales and leveraging. To address potential conflicts of interest between the clients and the portfolio manager, the Sub-Advisor developed Allocation Procedures, Codes of Ethics and Policies and Procedures for Portfolio Management and Trades in Securities to assist and guide the portfolio managers and other investment personnel when faced with a conflict. Although the Sub-Advisor has adopted such policies and procedures to provide for equitable treatment of trading activity and to ensure that investment opportunities are allocated in a manner that is fair and appropriate, it is possible that unforeseen or unusual circumstances may arise that may require different treatment between the Fund and other accounts managed.
Compensation for the Portfolio Manager
The Sub-Advisor primarily pays fixed compensation through a portfolio manager’s annual salary, which is paid in monthly installments in arrears. Salaries are set by reference to a range of factors, taking account of seniority and responsibilities and the market rate of pay for the relevant position. Annual salaries are set at competitive levels to attract and maintain the best professional talent. Variable or incentive compensation, both cash bonus and deferred awards, are a significant component of total compensation for portfolio managers at the Sub-Advisor. Incentive compensation received by portfolio managers is based on both quantitative and qualitative factors. This approach instills a strong sense of commitment towards the overall success of the firm. Deferred awards are provided to attract, retain, motivate and reward key personnel. As such, the Sub-Advisor maintains a phantom equity plan and awards vest and pay out after several years. Thus, portfolio managers share in the results and success of the firm. The Sub-Advisor maintains an employee benefit program, including health and non-health insurance, and a 401k defined contribution plan for all of its employees regardless of their job title, responsibilities or seniority.
The Sub-Advisor does not align the portfolio managers’ compensation to the investment performance of specific funds or of other accounts they manage. The compensation received by portfolio managers is based on both quantitative and qualitative factors. The quantitative factors may include: (i) investment performance; (ii) assets under management; (iii) revenues and profitability; and (iv) industry benchmarks. The qualitative factors include, among others, leadership, adherence to the firm’s policies and procedures, and contribution to the firm’s goals and objectives. To the extent that an increase in the size of a fund or another account managed by a portfolio manager has a positive impact on revenues/profitability, a portfolio manager’s compensation may also increase. There is no difference between the method used in determining portfolio managers’ compensation with respect to the Fund and other accounts they manage. We do not believe the compensation structure provides an incentive for an employee who provides services to a fund to take undue risks in managing the assets of the Fund.
Ownership of Securities
The portfolio managers do not own Shares of the Fund.
Fund Administrator, Custodian, Transfer Agent and Securities Lending Agent
The Bank of New York Mellon (“BNY Mellon”) serves as the Fund’s administrator, custodian, transfer agent and securities lending agent. BNY Mellon’s principal address is One Wall Street, New York, New York 10286. Under the Fund Administration and Accounting Agreement with the Trust, BNY Mellon provides necessary administrative, legal, tax, accounting services, and financial reporting for the maintenance and operations of the Trust and the Fund. BNY Mellon is responsible for maintaining the books and records and calculating the daily net asset value of the Fund. In addition, BNY Mellon makes available the office space, equipment, personnel and facilities required to provide such services. BNY Mellon also provides persons satisfactory to the Board to serve as officers of the Trust.
Under the Custody Agreement with the Trust, BNY Mellon maintains in separate accounts cash, securities and other assets of the Trust and the Fund, keeps all necessary accounts and records, and provides other services. BNY Mellon is required, upon order of the Trust, to deliver securities held by BNY Mellon and to make payments for securities
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purchased by the Trust for the Fund. Under the Custody Agreement, BNY Mellon is also authorized to appoint certain foreign custodians or foreign custody managers for Fund investments outside the United States.
Pursuant to a Transfer Agency Services Agreement with the Trust, BNY Mellon acts as transfer agent to the Fund, dividend disbursing agent and shareholder servicing agent to the Fund.
The Advisor compensates BNY Mellon for the foregoing services out of the Advisor’s unified management fee.
BNY Mellon also serves as the Trust’s securities lending agent pursuant to a Securities Lending Authorization Agreement. As compensation for providing securities lending services, BNY Mellon receives a portion of the income earned by the Fund on collateral investments in connection with the lending program.
Index Provider
S&P Opco, LLC (the “Index Provider”), located at 55 Water Street, New York, New York 10041, developed and sponsors the Underlying Index. The Index Provider has entered into an index licensing agreement (the “Licensing Agreement”) with the Advisor to allow the Advisor’s use of the Underlying Index for the operation of the Fund. The Advisor pays licensing fees to the Index Provider from the Advisor’s management fees or other resources. The Advisor has, in turn, entered into a sub-licensing agreement (the “Sub-Licensing Agreement”) with the Trust to allow the Fund to utilize the Underlying Index. The Fund pay no fees to the Index Provider or the Advisor under the Sub-Licensing Agreement.
The “S&P U.S. High Yield Low Volatility Corporate Bond Index” is a product of S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC or its affiliates (“SPDJI”) and IndexIQ ETF Trust LLC, and has been licensed for use by IndexIQ Advisors LLC. Standard & Poor’s® and S&P® are registered trademarks of Standard & Poor’s Financial Services LLC (“S&P”) and Dow Jones® is a registered trademark of Dow Jones Trademark Holdings LLC (“Dow Jones”). IndexIQ ETF Trust’s Trademark is a trademark of IndexIQ ETF Trust. The trademarks have been licensed to SPDJI and have been sublicensed for use for certain purposes by IndexIQ Advisors LLC. IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF is not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by SPDJI, Dow Jones, S&P, any of their respective affiliates (collectively, “S&P Dow Jones Indices”) or IndexIQ ETF Trust. Neither S&P Dow Jones Indices nor IndexIQ ETF Trust make any representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of the IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF or any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in securities generally or in IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF particularly or the ability of the S&P U.S. High Yield Low Volatility Corporate Bond Index to track general market performance. S&P Dow Jones Indices and IndexIQ ETF Trust only relationship to IndexIQ Advisors LLC with respect to the S&P U.S. High Yield Low Volatility Corporate Bond Index is the licensing of the Index and certain trademarks, service marks and/or trade names of S&P Dow Jones Indices and/or its licensors. The S&P U.S. High Yield Low Volatility Corporate Bond Index is determined, composed and calculated by S&P Dow Jones Indices or IndexIQ ETF Trust without regard to IndexIQ Advisors LLC or the IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF. S&P Dow Jones Indices and IndexIQ ETF Trust have no obligation to take the needs of IndexIQ Advisors LLC or the owners of IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF into consideration in determining, composing or calculating the S&P U.S. High Yield Low Volatility Corporate Bond Index. Neither S&P Dow Jones Indices nor IndexIQ ETF Trust are responsible for and have not participated in the determination of the prices, and amount of IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF or the timing of the issuance or sale of IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF or in the determination or calculation of the equation by which IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF is to be converted into cash, surrendered or redeemed, as the case may be. S&P Dow Jones Indices and IndexIQ ETF Trust have no obligation or liability in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF. There is no assurance that investment products based on the S&P U.S. High Yield Low Volatility Corporate Bond Index will accurately track index performance or provide positive investment returns. S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC is not an investment advisor. Inclusion of a security within an index is not a recommendation by S&P Dow Jones Indices to buy, sell, or hold such security, nor is it considered to be investment advice.
NEITHER S&P DOW JONES INDICES NOR INDEXIQ ETF TRUST GUARANTEES THE ADEQUACY, ACCURACY, TIMELINESS AND/OR THE COMPLETENESS OF THE S&P U.S. HIGH YIELD LOW VOLATILITY CORPORATE BOND INDEX OR ANY DATA RELATED THERETO OR ANY COMMUNICATION, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, ORAL OR WRITTEN COMMUNICATION (INCLUDING ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS) WITH RESPECT THERETO. S&P DOW JONES INDICES AND INDEXIQ ETF TRUST SHALL NOT BE SUBJECT TO ANY DAMAGES OR LIABILITY FOR
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ANY ERRORS, OMISSIONS, OR DELAYS THEREIN. S&P DOW JONES INDICES AND INDEXIQ ETF TRUST MAKES NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE OR AS TO RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED BY INDEXIQ ADVISORS LLC, OWNERS OF THE IQ S&P HIGH YIELD LOW VOLATILITY BOND ETF, OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY FROM THE USE OF THE S&P U.S. HIGH YIELD LOW VOLATILITY CORPORATE BOND INDEX OR WITH RESPECT TO ANY DATA RELATED THERETO. WITHOUT LIMITING ANY OF THE FOREGOING, IN NO EVENT WHATSOEVER SHALL S&P DOW JONES INDICES OR INDEXIQ ETF TRUST BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, PUNITIVE, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, LOSS OF PROFITS, TRADING LOSSES, LOST TIME OR GOODWILL, EVEN IF THEY HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR OTHERWISE. THERE ARE NO THIRD PARTY BENEFICIARIES OF ANY AGREEMENTS OR ARRANGEMENTS BETWEEN S&P DOW JONES INDICES AND INDEXIQ ADVISORS LLC, OTHER THAN THE LICENSORS OF S&P DOW JONES INDICES.
Distributor
ALPS Distributors, Inc., the Distributor, is located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203. The Distributor is a broker-dealer registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”). NYLIFE Distributors LLC has entered into a Services Agreement with ALPS to distribute the Fund.
Shares will be continuously offered for sale by the Trust through the Distributor only in whole Creation Units, as described in the section of this SAI entitled “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units.” The Distributor also acts as an agent for the Trust. The Distributor will deliver a prospectus to persons purchasing Shares in Creation Units and will maintain records of both orders placed with it and confirmations of acceptance furnished by it. The Distributor has no role in determining the investment policies of the Fund or which securities are to be purchased or sold by the Fund.
The Board has adopted a Distribution and Service Plan pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act. In accordance with its Rule 12b-1 plan, the Fund is authorized to pay an amount up to 0.10% of its average daily net assets each year to finance activities primarily intended to result in the sale of Creation Units of the Fund or the provision of investor services. No Rule 12b-1 fees are currently paid by the Fund and there are no plans to impose these fees. However, in the event Rule 12b-1 fees are charged in the future, they will be paid out of the respective Fund’s assets, and over time these fees will increase the cost of your investment and they may cost you more than certain other types of sales charges.
Under the Service and Distribution Plan, and as required by Rule 12b-1, the Trustees will receive and review after the end of each calendar quarter a written report provided by the Distributor of the amounts expended under the Plan and the purpose for which such expenditures were made.
The Advisor and its affiliates may, out of their own resources, pay amounts to third parties for distribution or marketing services on behalf of the Fund. The making of these payments could create a conflict of interest for a financial intermediary receiving such payments.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, located at PricewaterhouseCoopers Center, 300 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10017, serves as independent registered public accounting firm. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP will perform the annual audit of the Fund’s financial statements.
Ernst & Young LLP, located at 5 Times Square, New York, New York 10036, serves as tax advisor to the Trust and will prepare the Fund’s federal, state and excise tax returns, and advise the Trust on matters of accounting and federal and state income taxation.
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Legal Counsel
Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP, 250 West 55th Street, New York, New York 10019, serves as legal counsel to the Trust and the Fund.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE
Subject to the general supervision by the Board and the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor is responsible for decisions to buy and sell securities for the Fund, the selection of brokers and dealers to effect the transactions, which may be affiliates of the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor, and the negotiation of brokerage commissions. The Fund may execute brokerage or other agency transactions through registered broker-dealers who receive compensation for their services in conformity with the 1940 Act, the Exchange Act of 1934, and the rules and regulations thereunder. Compensation may also be paid in connection with riskless principal transactions (in Nasdaq or over-the-counter securities and securities listed on an exchange) and agency Nasdaq or over-the-counter transactions executed with an electronic communications network or an alternative trading system.
The Fund will give primary consideration to obtaining the most favorable prices and efficient executions of transactions in implementing trading policy. Consistent with this policy, when securities transactions are traded on an exchange, the Fund’s policy will be to pay commissions that are considered fair and reasonable without necessarily determining that the lowest possible commissions are paid in all circumstances. The Advisor and Sub-Advisor believe that a requirement always to seek the lowest possible commission cost could impede effective portfolio management and preclude the Fund from obtaining a high quality of brokerage services. In seeking to determine the reasonableness of brokerage commissions paid in any transaction, the Advisor or Sub-Advisor will rely upon its experience and knowledge regarding commissions generally charged by various brokers and on its judgment in evaluating the brokerage and research services received from the broker effecting the transaction. Such determinations will be necessarily subjective and imprecise, as in most cases an exact dollar value for those services is not ascertainable.
The Advisor and Sub-Advisor do not consider sales of Shares by broker-dealers as a factor in the selection of broker-dealers to execute portfolio transactions.
The Advisor or Sub-Advisor may receive research products and services from broker-dealers that effect securities transactions for the Fund and such research products and services may be used by the Advisor or Sub-Advisor in servicing all of its accounts. Accordingly, not all of these products or services may be used by the Advisor or Sub-Advisor in connection with the Fund. Some of these products and services are also available to the Advisor or Sub-Advisor for cash, and some do not have an explicit cost or determinable value. The research received does not reduce the advisory fees paid to the Advisor or Sub-Advisor for services provided to the Fund. The Advisor’s or Sub-Advisor’s expenses would likely increase if the Advisor or Sub-Advisor had to generate these research products and services through its own efforts, or if it paid for these products or services itself.
As of the date of this SAI, the Fund have not commenced operations and, therefore, have not entered into securities transactions.
DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS
Portfolio Disclosure Policy
The Trust has adopted a Portfolio Holdings Policy (the “Policy”) designed to govern the disclosure of Fund portfolio holdings and the use of material non-public information about Fund holdings. The Policy applies to all officers, employees and agents of the Fund, including the Advisor. The Policy is designed to ensure that the disclosure of information about the Fund’s portfolio holdings is consistent with applicable legal requirements and otherwise in the best interest of the Fund.
As an ETF, information about the Fund’s portfolio holdings is made available on a daily basis in accordance with the provisions of any Order of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) applicable to the Fund, regulations of the Fund’s listing Exchange and other applicable SEC regulations, orders and no-action relief. Such information typically reflects all or a portion of the Fund’s anticipated portfolio holdings as of the next Business Day (as defined below). This information is used in connection with the creation and redemption process and is disseminated on a daily basis through the facilities of the Exchange, the National Securities Clearing Corporation (the “NSCC”) and/or third party service providers.
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The Fund will disclose on the Fund’s website (www.IQetfs.com) at the start of each Business Day the identities and quantities of the securities and other assets held by the Fund that will form the basis of the Fund’s calculation of its net asset value (the “NAV”) on that Business Day. The portfolio holdings so disclosed will be based on information as of the close of business on the prior Business Day and/or trades that have been completed prior to the opening of business on that Business Day and that are expected to settle on the Business Day. Online disclosure of such holdings is publicly available at no charge.
Daily access to the Fund’s portfolio holdings is permitted to personnel of the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor, the Distributor and the Fund’s administrator, custodian and accountant and other agents or service providers of the trust who have need of such information in connection with the ordinary course of their respective duties to the Fund. The Fund’s Chief Compliance Officer may authorize disclosure of portfolio holdings.
The Fund will disclose its complete portfolio holdings schedule in public filings with the SEC on a quarterly basis, based on the Fund’s fiscal year, within sixty (60) days of the end of the quarter, and will provide that information to shareholders, as required by federal securities laws and regulations thereunder.
No person is authorized to disclose the Fund’s portfolio holdings or other investment positions except in accordance with the Policy. The Trust’s Board reviews the implementation of the Policy on a periodic basis.
The approximate value of the Fund’s investments on a per-Share basis, the Indicative Intra-Day Value or IIV, is disseminated by the Exchange every 15 seconds during hours of trading on the Exchange. The IIV should not be viewed as a “real-time” update of NAV because the IIV will be calculated by an independent third party calculator and may not be calculated in the exact same manner as NAV, which is computed daily.
The Exchange calculates the IIV during hours of trading on the Exchange by dividing the “Estimated Fund Value” as of the time of the calculation by the total number of outstanding Shares. “Estimated Fund Value” is the sum of the estimated amount of cash held in the Fund’s portfolio, the estimated amount of accrued interest owing to the Fund and the estimated value of the securities held in the Fund’s portfolio, minus the estimated amount of liabilities. The IIV will be calculated based on the same portfolio holdings disclosed on the Fund’s website. In determining the estimated value for each of the component securities, the IIV will use last sale, market prices or other methods that would be considered appropriate for pricing fixed income securities held by registered investment companies.
Although the Fund provides the independent third party calculator with information to calculate the IIV, the Fund is not involved in the actual calculation of the IIV and is not responsible for the calculation or dissemination of the IIV. The Fund makes no warranty as to the accuracy of the IIV.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONCERNING SHARES
Organization and Description of Shares of Beneficial Interest
The Trust is a Delaware statutory trust and registered investment company. The Trust was organized on July 1, 2008, and has authorized capital of an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest of no par value that may be issued in more than one class or series.
Under Delaware law, the Trust is not required to hold an annual shareholders meeting if the 1940 Act does not require such a meeting. Generally, there will not be annual meetings of Trust shareholders. If requested by shareholders of at least 10% of the outstanding Shares of the Trust, the Trust will call a meeting of the Trust’s shareholders for the purpose of voting upon the question of removal of a Trustee and will assist in communications with other Trust shareholders. Shareholders holding two-thirds of Shares outstanding may remove Trustees from office by votes cast at a meeting of Trust shareholders or by written consent.
All Shares will be freely transferable; provided, however, that Shares may not be redeemed individually, but only in Creation Units. The Shares will not have preemptive rights or cumulative voting rights, and none of the Shares will have any preference to conversion, exchange, dividends, retirements, liquidation, redemption or any other feature. Shares have equal voting rights, except that, if the Trust creates additional funds, only Shares of that fund may be entitled to vote on a matter affecting that particular fund. Trust shareholders are entitled to require the Trust to redeem Creation Units if such shareholders are Authorized Participants. The Declaration of Trust confers upon the Board the power, by resolution, to alter the number of Shares constituting a Creation Unit or to specify that Shares of the Trust may be individually redeemable. The Trust reserves the right to adjust the stock prices of Shares to
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maintain convenient trading ranges for investors. Any such adjustments would be accomplished through stock splits or reverse stock splits which would have no effect on the net assets of the Fund.
The Trust’s Declaration of Trust disclaims liability of the shareholders or the officers of the Trust for acts or obligations of the Trust which are binding only on the assets and property of the Trust. The Declaration of Trust provides for indemnification by the Trust for all loss and expense of the Fund’s shareholders held personally liable for the obligations of the Trust. The risk of a Trust’s shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which the Fund itself would not be able to meet the Trust’s obligations and this risk should be considered remote. If the Fund does not grow to a size to permit it to be economically viable, the Fund may cease operations. In such an event, shareholders may be required to liquidate or transfer their Shares at an inopportune time and shareholders may lose money on their investment.
Book Entry Only System
The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) will act as securities depositary for the Shares. The Shares of the Fund are represented by global securities registered in the name of DTC or its nominee and deposited with, or on behalf of, DTC. Except as provided below, certificates will not be issued for Shares.
DTC has advised the Trust as follows: DTC, the world’s largest securities depository, is a limited-purpose trust company organized under the New York Banking Law, a member of the Federal Reserve System, a “clearing corporation” within the meaning of the New York Uniform Commercial Code and a “clearing agency” registered pursuant to the provisions of Section 17A of the Exchange Act. DTC holds and provides asset servicing for over 3.5 million issues of U.S. and non-U.S. equity issues, corporate and municipal debt issues and money market instruments (from over 100 countries). DTC was created to hold securities of its participants (the “DTC Participants”) and to facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities transactions among the DTC Participants in such securities through electronic computerized book-entry transfers and pledges in accounts of DTC Participants, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of securities certificates. DTC Participants include both U.S. and non-U.S. securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain other organizations. DTC is a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation (“DTCC”). DTCC is the holding company for DTC, the NSCC and Fixed Income Clearing Corporation, all of which are registered clearing agencies. DTCC is owned by the users of its regulated subsidiaries. More specifically, DTCC is owned by a number of its DTC Participants and by the New York Stock Exchange, Inc., the NYSE Alternext U.S. (formerly known as the American Stock Exchange LLC) (the “Alternext”) and FINRA.
Access to DTC system is also available to others such as both U.S. and non-U.S. securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies and clearing corporations that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a DTC Participant, either directly or indirectly (“Indirect Participants”). DTC agrees with and represents to DTC Participants that it will administer its book-entry system in accordance with its rules and bylaws and requirements of law. Beneficial ownership of Shares will be limited to DTC Participants, Indirect Participants and persons holding interests through DTC Participants and Indirect Participants. Ownership of beneficial interests in Shares (owners of such beneficial interests are referred to herein as “Beneficial Owners”) will be shown on, and the transfer of ownership will be effected only through, records maintained by DTC (with respect to DTC Participants) and on the records of DTC Participants (with respect to Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners that are not DTC Participants). Beneficial Owners will receive from or through DTC Participant a written confirmation relating to their purchase of Shares. The laws of some jurisdictions may require that certain purchasers of securities take physical delivery of such securities in definitive form. Such laws may impair the ability of certain investors to acquire beneficial interests in Shares.
Beneficial Owners of Shares will not be entitled to have Shares registered in their names, will not receive or be entitled to receive physical delivery of certificates in definitive form and are not considered the registered holders of the Shares. Accordingly, each Beneficial Owner must rely on the procedures of DTC, DTC Participants and any Indirect Participants through which such Beneficial Owner holds its interests in order to exercise any rights of a holder of Shares. The Trust understands that under existing industry practice, in the event the Trust requests any action of holders of Shares, or a Beneficial Owner desires to take any action that DTC, as the record owner of all outstanding Shares, is entitled to take, DTC would authorize the DTC Participants to take such action and that the DTC Participants would authorize the Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners acting through such DTC Participants to take such action and would otherwise act upon the instructions of Beneficial Owners owning through them. DTC, through its nominee Cede & Co., is the record owner of all outstanding Shares.
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Conveyance of all notices, statements and other communications to Beneficial Owners will be effected as follows. DTC will make available to the Trust upon request and for a fee to be charged to the Trust a listing of Shares holdings of each DTC Participant. The Trust shall inquire of each such DTC Participant as to the number of Beneficial Owners holding Shares, directly or indirectly, through such DTC Participant. The Trust will provide each such DTC Participant with copies of such notice, statement or other communication, in such form, number and at such place as such DTC Participant may reasonably request, in order that such notice, statement or communication may be transmitted by such DTC Participant, directly or indirectly, to such Beneficial Owners. In addition, the Trust shall pay to each such DTC Participant a fair and reasonable amount as reimbursement for the expenses attendant to such transmittal, all subject to applicable statutory and regulatory requirements. Beneficial Owners may wish to take certain steps to augment the transmission to them of notices of significant events with respect to Shares by providing their names and addresses to the DTC registrar and request that copies of notices be provided directly to them.
Distributions of Shares shall be made to DTC or its nominee, Cede & Co., as the registered holder of all Shares. DTC or its nominee, upon receipt of any such distributions, shall immediately credit DTC Participants’ accounts with payments in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in Shares as shown on the records of DTC or its nominee. Payments by DTC Participants to Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners of Shares held through such DTC Participants will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices, as is now the case with securities held for the accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in a “street name,” and will be the responsibility of such DTC Participants. The Trust has no responsibility or liability for any aspects of the records relating to or notices to Beneficial Owners, or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests in such Shares, or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests or for any other aspect of the relationship between DTC and the DTC Participants or the relationship between such DTC Participants and the Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners owning through such DTC Participants.
DTC may determine to discontinue providing its service with respect to Shares at any time by giving reasonable notice to the Trust and discharging its responsibilities with respect thereto under applicable law. Under such circumstances, the Trust shall take action either to find a replacement for DTC to perform its functions at a comparable cost or, if such a replacement is unavailable, to issue and deliver printed certificates representing ownership of Shares, unless the Trust makes other arrangements with respect thereto satisfactory to the Exchange.
DTC rules applicable to DTC Participants are on file with the SEC. More information about DTC can be found at www.dtcc.com and www.dtc.org .
PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION OF CREATION UNITS
Creation
The Trust issues and sells Shares of the Fund only in Creation Units on a continuous basis on any Business Day (as defined below) through the Distributor at the Shares’ NAV next determined after receipt of an order in proper form. The Distributor processes purchase orders only on a day that the Exchange is open for trading (a “Business Day”). The Exchange is open for trading Monday through Friday except for the following holidays: New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day.
Deposit of Securities and Deposit or Delivery of Cash
The consideration for purchase of a Creation Unit of shares of the Fund generally consists of cash only (including the appropriate Transaction Fee). However, the Fund also reserves the right to permit or require the in-kind deposit of Deposit Securities constituting a representation of the Underlying Index, along with the Cash Component, computed as described below, and the appropriate Transaction Fee (collectively, the “Fund Deposit”) as consideration for the purchase of a Creation Unit.
The Cash Component of a Fund Deposit serves to compensate the Trust or the Authorized Participant, as applicable, for any differences between the NAV per Creation Unit and the Deposit Amount (as defined below). The Cash Component of a Fund Deposit is an amount equal to the difference between the NAV of the Fund Shares (per Creation Unit) and the “Deposit Amount,” an amount equal to the market value of the Deposit Securities. If the Cash
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Component of a Fund Deposit is a positive number ( i.e. , the NAV per Creation Unit exceeds the Deposit Amount), the Authorized Participant will deliver the Cash Component. If the Cash Component of a Fund Deposit is a negative number ( i.e. , the NAV per Creation Unit is less than the Deposit Amount), the Authorized Participant will receive the Cash Component.
The Custodian through the NSCC (see the section of this SAI entitled “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units—Creation—Procedures for Creation of Creation Units”), makes available on each Business Day, prior to the opening of business on the Exchange (currently 9:30 a.m. New York time), the list of the name and the required number of shares of each Deposit Security to be included in the current Fund Deposit (based on information at the end of the previous Business Day) for the Fund. This Fund Deposit is applicable, subject to any adjustments as described below, to orders to effect creations of Creation Units of the Fund until such time as the next-announced composition of the Deposit Securities is made available.
The identity and number of shares of the Deposit Securities required for a Fund Deposit for the Fund changes as rebalancing adjustments and corporate action events are reflected within the Fund from time to time by the Advisor, with a view to the investment objective of the Fund. The composition of the Deposit Securities may also change in response to adjustments to the weighting or composition of the securities constituting the relevant securities index. In addition, the Trust reserves the right to permit or require the substitution of an amount of cash (that is a “cash in lieu” amount) to be added to the Cash Component to replace any Deposit Security that may not be available in sufficient quantity for delivery or that may not be eligible for transfer through the systems of DTC or the Clearing Process (discussed below) or for other similar reasons. The Trust also reserves the right to permit or require a “cash in lieu” amount where the delivery of Deposit Securities by the Authorized Participant (as described below) would be restricted under the securities laws or where delivery of Deposit Securities to the Authorized Participant would result in the disposition of Deposit Securities by the Authorized Participant becoming restricted under the securities laws, and in certain other situations.
In addition to the list of names and number of securities constituting the current Deposit Securities of a Fund Deposit, the Custodian, through the NSCC, also makes available on each Business Day the estimated Cash Component, effective through and including the previous Business Day, per outstanding Creation Unit of the Fund.
Procedures for Creation of Creation Units
All orders to create Creation Units must be placed with the Distributor either (1) through Continuous Net Settlement System of the NSCC (the “Clearing Process”), a clearing agency that is registered with the SEC, by a “Participating Party,” i.e., a broker-dealer or other participant in the Clearing Process; or (2) outside the Clearing Process by a DTC Participant (see the section of this SAI entitled “Additional Information Concerning Shares — Book Entry Only System”). In each case, the Participating Party or the DTC Participant must have executed an agreement with the Distributor with respect to creations and redemptions of Creation Units (a “Participant Agreement”); such parties are collectively referred to as “APs” or “Authorized Participants.” Investors should contact the Distributor for the names of Authorized Participants. All Fund Shares, whether created through or outside the Clearing Process, will be entered on the records of DTC in the name of Cede & Co. for the account of a DTC Participant.
Except as described below, and in all cases subject to the terms of the applicable Participant Agreement, all orders to create Creation Units of a Fund generally must be received by the Distributor no later than one hour prior to the closing time of the regular trading session of the Listing Exchange (ordinarily 3:00 p.m., Eastern time) (“Order Time”) in each case on the date such order is placed for creation of Creation Units to be effected based on the NAV of shares of such Fund as next determined after receipt of an order in proper form. Orders consisting of cash only or requesting substitution of a “cash-in-lieu” amount (collectively, “Custom Orders”), must be received by the Transfer Agent no later than 2:00 p.m., Eastern time. On days when the Listing Exchange closes earlier than normal (such as the day before a holiday), the Fund requires standard orders to create Creation Units to be placed by one hour prior to the earlier closing time and Custom Orders to create Creation Units to be placed no later than two hours prior to the earlier closing time. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Trust may, but is not required to, permit Custom Orders until 3:00 p.m., Eastern time, or until one hour prior to the market close (in the event the Listing Exchange closes early). The date on which an order to create Creation Units (or an order to redeem Creation Units, as discussed below) is placed is referred to as the “Transmittal Date.” Orders must be transmitted by an Authorized Participant by
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telephone or other transmission method acceptable to the Transfer Agent pursuant to procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement. Economic or market disruptions or changes, or telephone or other communication failure may impede the ability to reach the Transfer Agent or an Authorized Participant.
All orders to create Creation Units from investors who are not Authorized Participants shall be placed with an Authorized Participant in the form required by such Authorized Participant. In addition, the Authorized Participant may request the investor to make certain representations or enter into agreements with respect to the order, e.g. , to provide for payments of cash, when required. Investors should be aware that their particular broker may not have executed a Participant Agreement and, therefore, orders to create Creation Units of the Fund have to be placed by the investor’s broker through an Authorized Participant that has executed a Participant Agreement. In such cases there may be additional charges to such investor. At any given time, there may be only a limited number of broker-dealers that have executed a Participant Agreement.
Those placing orders for Creation Units through the Clearing Process should afford sufficient time to permit proper submission of the order to the Distributor prior to the Order Time on the Transmittal Date. Orders for Creation Units that are effected outside the Clearing Process are likely to require transmittal by the DTC Participant earlier on the Transmittal Date than orders effected using the Clearing Process. Those persons placing orders outside the Clearing Process should ascertain the deadlines applicable to DTC and the Federal Reserve Bank wire system by contacting the operations department of the broker or depository institution effectuating such transfer of the Fund Deposit. For more information about Clearing Process and DTC, see the sections of this SAI entitled “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units—Creation—Placement of Creation Orders Using the Clearing Process” and “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units—Creation—Placement of Creation Orders Outside the Clearing Process.”
Placement of Creation Orders Using the Clearing Process
The Clearing Process is the process of creating or redeeming Creation Units through the Continuous Net Settlement System of the NSCC. Fund Deposits made through the Clearing Process must be delivered through a Participating Party that has executed a Participant Agreement. The Participant Agreement authorizes the Distributor to transmit through the Custodian to NSCC, on behalf of the Participating Party, such trade instructions as are necessary to effect the Participating Party’s creation order. Pursuant to such trade instructions to NSCC, the Participating Party agrees to deliver the Fund Deposit to the Trust, together with such additional information as may be required by the Distributor. An order to create Creation Units through the Clearing Process is deemed received by the Distributor on the Transmittal Date if (1) such order is received by the Distributor not later than the Order Time on such Transmittal Date and (2) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed.
Placement of Creation Orders Outside the Clearing Process
Fund Deposits made outside the Clearing Process must be delivered through a DTC Participant that has executed a Participant Agreement. A DTC Participant who wishes to place an order creating Creation Units to be effected outside the Clearing Process does not need to be a Participating Party, but such orders must state that the DTC Participant is not using the Clearing Process and that the creation of Creation Units will instead be effected through a transfer of securities and cash directly through DTC. The Fund Deposit transfer must be ordered by the DTC Participant on the Transmittal Date in a timely fashion so as to ensure the delivery of the requisite number of Deposit Securities through DTC to the account of the Fund by no later than 11:00 a.m. New York time on the next Business Day following the Transmittal Date (the “DTC Cut-Off-Time”).
All questions as to the number of Deposit Securities to be delivered, and the validity, form and eligibility (including time of receipt) for the deposit of any tendered securities, will be determined by the Trust, whose determination shall be final and binding. The amount of cash equal to the Cash Component must be transferred directly to the Custodian through the Federal Reserve Bank wire transfer system in a timely manner so as to be received by the Custodian no later than 2:00 p.m. New York time on the next Business Day following the Transmittal Date. An order to create Creation Units outside the Clearing Process is deemed received by the Distributor on the Transmittal Date if (1) such order is received by the Distributor not later than the Order Time on such Transmittal Date and (2) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed. However, if the Custodian does not receive
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both the required Deposit Securities and the Cash Component by 11:00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m., respectively, on the next Business Day following the Transmittal Date, such order will be canceled. Upon written notice to the Distributor, such canceled order may be resubmitted the following Business Day using a Fund Deposit as newly constituted to reflect the then-current Deposit Securities and Cash Component. The delivery of Creation Units so created will occur no later than the third Business Day following the day on which the purchase order is deemed received by the Distributor.
Additional transaction fees may be imposed with respect to transactions effected through a DTC participant outside the Clearing Process and in the limited circumstances in which any cash can be used in lieu of Deposit Securities to create Creation Units. See the section of this SAI entitled “Purchase and Sale of Creation Units—Creation—Creation Transaction Fee.”
Creation Units may be created in advance of receipt by the Trust of all or a portion of the applicable Deposit Securities. In these circumstances, the initial deposit will have a value greater than the NAV of the Fund Shares on the date the order is placed in proper form since, in addition to available Deposit Securities, cash must be deposited in an amount equal to the sum of (1) the Cash Component plus (2) 125% of the then-current market value of the undelivered Deposit Securities (the “Additional Cash Deposit”). The order shall be deemed to be received on the Business Day on which the order is placed provided that the order is placed in proper form prior to Order Time and funds in the appropriate amount are deposited with the Custodian by 11:00 a.m. New York time the following Business Day. If the order is not placed in proper form by Order Time or funds in the appropriate amount are not received by 11:00 a.m. the next Business Day, then the order may be deemed to be canceled and the Authorized Participant shall be liable to the Fund for losses, if any, resulting therefrom. An additional amount of cash shall be required to be deposited with the Trust, pending receipt of the undelivered Deposit Securities to the extent necessary to maintain the Additional Cash Deposit with the Trust in an amount at least equal to 125% of the daily marked-to-market value of the undelivered Deposit Securities. To the extent that undelivered Deposit Securities are not received by 1:00 p.m. New York time on the third Business Day following the day on which the purchase order is deemed received by the Distributor, or in the event a marked-to-market payment is not made within one Business Day following notification by the Distributor that such a payment is required, the Trust may use the cash on deposit to purchase the undelivered Deposit Securities. Authorized Participants will be liable to the Trust and the Fund for the costs incurred by the Trust in connection with any such purchases. These costs will be deemed to include the amount by which the actual purchase price of the Deposit Securities exceeds the market value of such Deposit Securities on the day the purchase order was deemed received by the Distributor plus the brokerage and related transaction costs associated with such purchases. The Trust will return any unused portion of the Additional Cash Deposit once all of the undelivered Deposit Securities have been properly received by the Custodian or purchased by the Trust and deposited into the Trust. In addition, a transaction fee will be charged in all cases. See the section of this SAI entitled “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units—Creation—Creation Transaction Fee.” The delivery of Creation Units so created will occur no later than the third Business Day following the day on which the purchase order is deemed received by the Distributor.
Acceptance of Orders for Creation Units
The Trust reserves the absolute right to reject a creation order transmitted to it by the Distributor if: (1) the order is not in proper form; (2) the investor(s), upon obtaining the Fund Shares ordered, would own 80% or more of the currently outstanding Shares of any Fund; (3) the Deposit Securities delivered are not as disseminated for that date by the Custodian, as described above; (4) acceptance of the Deposit Securities would have certain adverse tax consequences to the Fund; (5) acceptance of the Fund Deposit would, in the opinion of counsel, be unlawful; (6) acceptance of the Fund Deposit would otherwise, in the discretion of the Trust, the Advisor, or the Sub-Advisor, have an adverse effect on the Trust or the rights of beneficial owners; or (7) there exist circumstances outside the control of the Trust, the Custodian, the Distributor and the Advisor that make it for all practical purposes impossible to process creation orders. Examples of such circumstances include acts of God; public service or utility problems such as fires, floods, extreme weather conditions and power outages resulting in telephone, telecopy and computer failures; market conditions or activities causing trading halts; systems failures involving computer or other information systems affecting the Trust, the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor, the Distributor, DTC, NSCC, the Custodian or sub-custodian or any other participant in the creation process and similar extraordinary events. The Distributor shall notify a prospective creator of a Creation Unit and/or the Authorized Participant acting on behalf of such
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prospective creator of its rejection of the order. The Trust, the Custodian, any sub-custodian and the Distributor are under no duty, however, to give notification of any defects or irregularities in the delivery of Fund Deposits nor shall any of them incur any liability for the failure to give any such notification. All questions as to the number of shares of each security in the Deposit Securities and the validity, form, eligibility and acceptance for deposit of any securities to be delivered shall be determined by the Trust and the Trust’s determination shall be final and binding.
Creation Units typically are issued on a “T+3 basis” (that is three Business Days after trade date). However, the Fund reserves the right to settle Creation Unit transactions on a basis other than T+3 in order to accommodate foreign market holiday schedules, to account for different treatment among foreign and U.S. markets of dividend record dates and ex-dividend dates (that is the last day the holder of a security can sell the security and still receive dividends payable on the security), and in certain other circumstances.
To the extent contemplated by an Authorized Participant’s agreement with the Distributor, the Trust will issue Creation Units to such Authorized Participant notwithstanding the fact that the corresponding Portfolio Deposits have not been received in part or in whole, in reliance on the undertaking of the Authorized Participant to deliver the missing Deposit Securities as soon as possible, which undertaking shall be secured by such Authorized Participant’s delivery and maintenance of collateral having a value equal to 115%, which the Advisor may change from time to time, of the value of the missing Deposit Securities in accordance with the Trust’s then-effective procedures. Such collateral must be delivered no later than 2:00 p.m., Eastern Time, on the contractual settlement date. The only collateral that is acceptable to the Trust is cash in U.S. Dollars or an irrevocable letter of credit in form, and drawn on a bank, that is satisfactory to the Trust. The cash collateral posted by the Authorized Participant may be invested at the risk of the Authorized Participant, and income, if any, on invested cash collateral will be paid to that Authorized Participant. Information concerning the Trust’s current procedures for collateralization of missing Deposit Securities is available from the Distributor. The Authorized Participant Agreement will permit the Trust to buy the missing Deposit Securities at any time and will subject the Authorized Participant to liability for any shortfall between the cost to the Trust of purchasing such securities and the cash collateral or the amount that may be drawn under any letter of credit.
In certain cases, Authorized Participants will create and redeem Creation Units on the same trade date. In these instances, the Trust reserves the right to settle these transactions on a net basis. All questions as to the number of shares of each security in the Deposit Securities and the validity, form, eligibility and acceptance for deposit of any securities to be delivered shall be determined by the Trust, and the Trust’s determination shall be final and binding.
Creation Transaction Fee
Authorized Participants placing a creation order will be required to pay to the Custodian a fixed transaction fee (the “Creation Transaction Fee”) to offset the transfer and other transaction costs associated with the issuance of Creation Units. The standard creation transaction fee will be the same regardless of the number of Creation Units purchased by an investor on the applicable Business Day. The Creation Transaction Fee for each creation order is $500. The Creation Transaction Fee may be waived for the Fund when the Advisor believes that waiver of the Creation Transaction Fee is in the best interest of the Fund. When determining whether to waive the Creation Transaction Fee, the Advisor considers a number of factors including, but not limited to, whether waiving the Creation Transaction Fee will: facilitate the initial launch of a Fund; reduce the cost of portfolio rebalancings; improve the quality of the secondary trading market for a Fund's shares and not result in a Fund’s bearing additional costs or expenses as a result of the waiver.
An additional variable fee of up to 3.00% of the net asset value per Creation Unit may be imposed for (1) creations effected outside the Clearing Process and (2) cash creations (to offset the Trust’s brokerage and other transaction costs associated with using cash to purchase the requisite Deposit Securities). Actual transaction costs may vary depending on the time of day a purchase order is received or the nature of the securities to be purchased. The Advisor or Sub-Advisor may adjust the variable fee to ensure that the Fund collects the extra expenses associated with brokerage commissions and other expenses incurred by the Fund to acquire a Deposit Security not part of the Fund Deposit from the Authorized Participant. Authorized Participants placing a creation order are responsible for the costs of transferring the securities constituting the Deposit Securities to the account of the Trust.
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Redemption
To redeem Shares directly from the Fund, an investor must be an Authorized Participant or must redeem through an Authorized Participant. The Trust redeems Creation Units on a continuous basis on any Business Day through the Distributor at the Shares’ NAV next determined after receipt of an order in proper form. The Fund will not redeem Shares in amounts less than Creation Units. Authorized Participants must accumulate enough Shares in the secondary market to constitute a Creation Unit in order to have such Shares redeemed by the Trust. There can be no assurance, however, that there will be sufficient liquidity in the public trading market at any time to permit assembly of a Creation Unit.
With respect to the Fund, the Custodian, through the NSCC, makes available prior to the opening of business on the Exchange (currently 9:30 a.m. New York time) on each Business Day, the identity of the Fund Securities that will be applicable (subject to possible amendment or correction) to redemption requests received in proper form (as described below) on that day. Fund Securities received on redemption may not be identical to Deposit Securities that are applicable to creations of Creation Units. Unless cash redemptions are available or specified for the Fund, the redemption proceeds for a Creation Unit generally consist of Fund Securities — as announced on the Business Day the request for redemption is received in proper form — plus or minus cash in an amount equal to the difference between the NAV of the Fund Shares being redeemed, as next determined after a receipt of a redemption request in proper form, and the value of the Fund Securities (the “Cash Redemption Amount”), less a redemption transaction fee (see the section of this SAI entitled “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units—Redemption—Redemption Transaction Fee”).
The right of redemption may be suspended or the date of payment postponed (1) for any period during which the Exchange is closed (other than customary weekend and holiday closings); (2) for any period during which trading on the Exchange is suspended or restricted; (3) for any period during which an emergency exists as a result of which disposal of the Shares of the Fund or determination of the Fund’s NAV is not reasonably practicable; or (4) in such other circumstances as is permitted by the SEC.
Deliveries of redemption proceeds by the Fund generally will be made within three Business Days (that is “T+3”). However, the Fund reserves the right to settle redemption transactions and deliver redemption proceeds on a basis other than T+3 to accommodate foreign market holiday schedules, to account for different treatment among foreign and U.S. markets of dividend record dates and dividend ex-dates (that is the last date the holder of a security can sell the security and still receive dividends payable on the security sold), and in certain other circumstances.
In the event that cash redemptions are permitted or required by the Trust, proceeds will be paid to the Authorized Participant redeeming shares on behalf of the redeeming investor as soon as practicable after the date of redemption.
Placement of Redemption Orders Using the Clearing Process
Orders to redeem Creation Units through the Clearing Process must be delivered through an Authorized Participant that has executed a Participant Agreement. Investors other than Authorized Participants are responsible for making arrangements with an Authorized Participant for an order to redeem. An order to redeem Creation Units is deemed received by the Trust on the Transmittal Date if: (1) such order is received by the Distributor not later than Order Time on such Transmittal Date; and (2) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed. Such order will be effected based on the NAV of the relevant Fund as next determined. An order to redeem Creation Units using the Clearing Process made in proper form but received by the Distributor after Order Time will be deemed received on the next Business Day immediately following the Transmittal Date and will be effected at the NAV determined on such next Business Day. The requisite Fund Securities and the Cash Redemption Amount will be transferred by the third NSCC business day following the date on which such request for redemption is deemed received.
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Placement of Redemption Orders Outside the Clearing Process
Orders to redeem Creation Units outside the Clearing Process must be delivered through a DTC Participant that has executed the Participant Agreement. A DTC Participant who wishes to place an order for redemption of Creation Units to be effected outside the Clearing Process does not need to be a Participating Party, but such orders must state that the DTC Participant is not using the Clearing Process and that redemption of Creation Units will instead be effected through transfer of Fund Shares directly through DTC. An order to redeem Creation Units outside the Clearing Process is deemed received by the Distributor on the Transmittal Date if (1) such order is received by the Distributor not later than Order Time on such Transmittal Date; (2) such order is accompanied or followed by the requisite number of Fund Shares, which delivery must be made through DTC to the Custodian no later than the DTC Cut-Off-Time, and the Cash Redemption Amount, if owed to the Fund, which delivery must be made by 2:00 p.m. New York Time; and (3) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed. After the Distributor receives an order for redemption outside the Clearing Process, the Distributor will initiate procedures to transfer the requisite Fund Securities which are expected to be delivered and the Cash Redemption Amount, if any, by the third Business Day following the Transmittal Date.
The calculation of the value of the Fund Securities and the Cash Redemption Amount to be delivered or received upon redemption (by the Authorized Participant or the Trust, as applicable) will be made by the Custodian according to the procedures set forth the section of this SAI entitled “Determination of Net Asset Value” computed on the Business Day on which a redemption order is deemed received by the Distributor. Therefore, if a redemption order in proper form is submitted to the Distributor by a DTC Participant not later than Order Time on the Transmittal Date, and the requisite number of Shares of the Fund are delivered to the Custodian prior to the DTC Cut-Off-Time, then the value of the Fund Securities and the Cash Redemption Amount to be delivered or received (by the Authorized Participant or the Trust, as applicable) will be determined by the Custodian on such Transmittal Date. If, however, either (1) the requisite number of Shares of the relevant Fund are not delivered by the DTC Cut-Off-Time, as described above, or (2) the redemption order is not submitted in proper form, then the redemption order will not be deemed received as of the Transmittal Date. In such case, the value of the Fund Securities and the Cash Redemption Amount to be delivered or received will be computed on the Business Day following the Transmittal Date provided that the Fund Shares of the relevant Fund are delivered through DTC to the Custodian by 11:00 a.m. New York time the following Business Day pursuant to a properly submitted redemption order.
If it is not possible to effect deliveries of the Fund Securities, the Trust may in its discretion exercise its option to redeem Fund Shares in cash, and the redeeming Authorized Participant will be required to receive its redemption proceeds in cash. In addition, an investor may request a redemption in cash that the Trust may, in its sole discretion, permit. In either case, the investor will receive a cash payment equal to the NAV of its Fund Shares based on the NAV of Shares of the relevant Fund next determined after the redemption request is received in proper form (minus a transaction fee which will include an additional charge for cash redemptions to offset the Fund’s brokerage and other transaction costs associated with the disposition of Fund Securities). The Fund may also, in its sole discretion, upon request of a shareholder, provide such redeemer a portfolio of securities that differs from the exact composition of the Fund Securities, or cash in lieu of some securities added to the Cash Redemption Amount, but in no event will the total value of the securities delivered and the cash transmitted differ from the NAV. Redemptions of Fund Shares for Fund Securities will be subject to compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws and the Fund (whether or not it otherwise permits cash redemptions) reserves the right to redeem Creation Units for cash to the extent that the Trust could not lawfully deliver specific Fund Securities upon redemptions or could not do so without first registering the Fund Securities under such laws. An Authorized Participant or an investor for which it is acting that is subject to a legal restriction with respect to a particular security included in the Fund Securities applicable to the redemption of a Creation Unit may be paid an equivalent amount of cash. The Authorized Participant may request the redeeming Beneficial Owner of the Fund Shares to complete an order form or to enter into agreements with respect to such matters as compensating cash payment, beneficial ownership of shares or delivery instructions.
Redemption Transaction Fee
Authorized Participants placing a redemption order will be required to pay to the Custodian a fixed transaction fee (the “Redemption Transaction Fee”) to offset the transfer and other transaction costs associated with the redemption
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of Creation Units. The standard redemption transaction fee will be the same regardless of the number of Creation Units redeemed by an investor on the applicable Business Day. The Redemption Transaction Fee for each redemption order is $500. The Redemption Transaction Fee may be waived for the Fund when the Advisor or Sub-Advisor believes that waiver of the Redemption Transaction Fee is in the best interest of the Fund. When determining whether to waive the Redemption Transaction Fee, the Advisor considers a number of factors including, but not limited to, whether waiving the Redemption Transaction Fee will: reduce the cost of portfolio rebalancings; improve the quality of the secondary trading market for a Fund's shares and not result in a Fund’s bearing additional costs or expenses as a result of the waiver.
An additional variable fee of up to 2.00% of the net asset value per Creation Unit may be imposed for (1) redemptions effected outside the Clearing Process and (2) cash redemptions (to offset the Trust’s brokerage and other transaction costs associate with the sale of Fund Securities). Actual transaction costs may vary depending on the time of day a purchase order is received or the nature of the securities to be sold. The Advisor or Sub-Advisor may adjust the variable fee to ensure that the Fund collects the extra expenses associated with brokerage commissions and other expenses incurred by the Fund to acquire a Deposit Security not part of the Fund Deposit from the Authorized Participant. Authorized Participants placing a redemption order will also bear the costs of transferring the Fund Securities from the Trust to their account or on their order.
In order to seek to replicate the in-kind redemption order process for creation orders executed in whole or in part with cash, the Trust expects to sell, in the secondary market, the portfolio securities or settle any financial instruments that may not be permitted to be re-registered in the name of the Participating Party as a result of an in-kind redemption order pursuant to local law or market convention, or for other reasons (“Market Sales”). In such cases where the Trust makes Market Sales, the Authorized Participant will reimburse the Trust for, among other things, any difference between the market value at which the securities and/or financial instruments were sold or settled by the Trust and the cash-in-lieu amount, applicable registration fees, brokerage commissions and certain taxes.
The method by which Creation Units are created and traded may raise certain issues under applicable securities laws. Because new Creation Units are issued and sold by the Trust on an ongoing basis, at any point a “distribution,” as such term is used in the Securities Act, may occur. Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result in their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner which could render them statutory underwriters and subject them to the prospectus delivery and liability provisions of the Securities Act.
For example, a broker-dealer firm or its client may be deemed a statutory underwriter if it takes Creation Units after placing an order with the Distributor, breaks them down into constituent Shares, and sells such Shares directly to customers, or if it chooses to couple the creation of a supply of new Shares with an active selling effort involving solicitation of secondary market demand for Shares. A determination of whether one is an underwriter for purposes of the Securities Act must take into account all the facts and circumstances pertaining to the activities of the broker-dealer or its client in the particular case, and the examples mentioned above should not be considered a complete description of all the activities that could lead to a categorization as an underwriter.
Broker-dealers who are not “underwriters” but are participating in a distribution (as contrasted to ordinary secondary trading transactions), and thus dealing with Shares that are part of an “unsold allotment” within the meaning of Section 4(3)(C) of the Securities Act, would be unable to take advantage of the prospectus-delivery exemption provided by Section 4(3) of the Securities Act. This is because the prospectus delivery exemption in Section 4(3) of the Securities Act is not available in respect of such transactions as a result of Section 24(d) of the 1940 Act. As a result, broker-dealer firms should note that dealers who are not underwriters but are participating in a distribution (as contrasted with ordinary secondary market transactions) and thus dealing with the Shares that are part of an over-allotment within the meaning of Section 4(3)(A) of the Securities Act would be unable to take advantage of the prospectus delivery exemption provided by Section 4(3) of the Securities Act. Firms that incur a prospectus delivery obligation with respect to Shares are reminded that, under Rule 153 of the Securities Act, a prospectus delivery obligation under Section 5(b)(2) of the Securities Act owed to an exchange member in connection with a sale on the Exchange is satisfied by the fact that the prospectus is available at the Exchange upon request. The prospectus delivery mechanism provided in Rule 153 is only available with respect to transactions on an exchange.
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DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
The following information supplements and should be read in conjunction with the section in the Prospectus entitled “Determination of Net Asset Value (NAV).”
The NAV per Share for the Fund is computed by dividing the value of the net assets of the Fund ( i.e. , the value of its total assets less total liabilities) by the total number of Shares outstanding, rounded to the nearest cent. Expenses and fees, including the management fee, are accrued daily and taken into account for purposes of determining NAV. The NAV of the Fund is determined as of the close of the regular trading session on the Exchange (ordinarily 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time) on each day that such exchange is open. Any assets or liabilities denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are converted into U.S. dollars at the current market rates on the date of valuation as quoted by one or more sources.
In computing the Fund’s NAV, the Fund’s portfolio securities are valued based on market quotations. When market quotations are not readily available for a portfolio security the Fund must use such security’s fair value as determined in good faith in accordance with the Fund’s Fair Value Pricing Procedures which are approved by the Board of Trustees.
The Fund typically values fixed-income portfolio securities using last available bid prices or current market quotations provided by dealers or prices (including evaluated prices) supplied by the Fund’s approved independent third-party pricing services. Pricing services may use matrix pricing or valuation models that utilize certain inputs and assumptions to derive values. Pricing services generally value fixed-income securities assuming orderly transactions of an institutional round lot size, but the Fund may hold or transact in such securities in smaller odd lot sizes. Odd lots often trade at different prices that may be above or below the price at which the pricing service has valued the security. An amortized cost method of valuation may be used with respect to debt obligations with sixty days or less remaining to maturity unless the Advisor determines in good faith that such method does not represent fair value.
The value of any equity securities held by the Fund is based on such securities’ closing price on local markets, when available. If a portfolio security’s market price is not readily available or does not otherwise accurately reflect the fair value of such security, the portfolio security will be valued by another method that the Advisor believes will better reflect fair value in accordance with the Trust’s valuation policies and procedures approved by the Board of Trustees.
The Fund may use fair value pricing in a variety of circumstances, including but not limited to, situations when the value of the Fund’s portfolio security has been materially affected by events occurring after the close of the market on which such security is principally traded (such as a corporate action or other news that may materially affect the price of such security) or trading in such security has been suspended or halted. In addition, the Fund may fair value foreign fixed income portfolio securities each day the Fund calculates its NAV. Accordingly, the Fund’s NAV may reflect certain portfolio securities’ fair values rather than their market prices. Fair value pricing involves subjective judgments and it is possible that a fair value determination for a portfolio security is materially different than the value that could be realized upon the sale of such security. In addition, fair value pricing could result in a difference between the prices used to calculate the Fund’s NAV and the prices used by the Fund’s Underlying Index. This may adversely affect the Fund’s ability to track its Underlying Indices. With respect to securities that are primarily listed on foreign exchanges, the value of the Fund’s portfolio securities may change on days when you will not be able to purchase or sell your Shares.
General Policies
The following information supplements and should be read in conjunction with the section in the Prospectus entitled “Dividends, Distributions and Taxes.”
Dividends from net investment income are declared and paid at least annually by the Fund. Distributions of net realized capital gains, if any, generally are declared and paid once a year, but the Trust may make distributions on a more frequent basis for the Fund to improve its Underlying Index tracking or to comply with the distribution requirements of the Code, in all events in a manner consistent with the provisions of the 1940 Act. In addition, the Trust may distribute at least annually amounts representing the full dividend yield on the underlying Portfolio Securities of the Fund, net of expenses of the Fund, as if the Fund owned such underlying Portfolio Securities for the
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entire dividend period in which case some portion of each distribution may result in a return of capital for tax purposes for certain shareholders.
Dividends and other distributions on Shares are distributed, as described below, on a pro rata basis to Beneficial Owners of such Shares. Dividend payments are made through DTC Participants and Indirect Participants to Beneficial Owners then of record with proceeds received from the Trust. The Trust may make additional distributions to the extent necessary (i) to distribute the entire annual “investment company taxable income” of the Trust, plus any net capital gains and (ii) to avoid imposition of the excise tax imposed by Section 4982 of the Code. Management of the Trust reserves the right to declare special dividends if, in its reasonable discretion, such action is necessary or advisable to preserve the status of the Fund as a “regulated investment company” (a “RIC”) or to avoid imposition of income or excise taxes on undistributed income.
Dividend Reinvestment Service
No reinvestment service is provided by the Trust. Broker-dealers may make available the DTC book-entry Dividend Reinvestment Service for use by Beneficial Owners of the Fund through DTC Participants for reinvestment of their dividend distributions. If this service is used, dividend distributions of both income and realized gains will be automatically reinvested in additional whole Shares of the Fund. Beneficial Owners should contact their broker to determine the availability and costs of the service and the details of participation therein. Brokers may require Beneficial Owners to adhere to specific procedures and timetables.
Set forth below is a discussion of certain U.S. federal income tax considerations affecting the Fund and the purchase, ownership and disposition of Shares. It is based upon the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), U.S. Treasury Department regulations promulgated thereunder, judicial authorities, and administrative rulings and practices, all as in effect as of the date of this SAI and all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. The following information supplements and should be read in conjunction with the section in the Prospectus entitled “Dividends, Distributions and Taxes.”
Except to the extent discussed below, this summary assumes that the Fund’s shareholder holds Shares as capital assets within the meaning of the Code, and does not hold Shares in connection with a trade or business. This summary does not address all potential U.S. federal income tax considerations possibly applicable to an investment in Shares, and does not address the tax consequences to Fund shareholders subject to special tax rules, including, but not limited to, partnerships and the partners therein, those who hold Fund Shares through an IRA, 401(k) plan or other tax-advantaged account, and, except to the extent discussed below, tax-exempt shareholders. This discussion does not discuss any aspect of U.S. state, local, estate, and gift, or non-U.S., tax law. This discussion is not intended or written to be legal or tax advice to any shareholder in the Fund or other person and is not intended or written to be used or relied on, and cannot be used or relied on, by any such person for the purpose of avoiding any U.S. federal tax penalties that may be imposed on such person. Prospective Fund shareholders are urged to consult their own tax advisers with respect to the specific U.S. federal, state, and local, and non-U.S., tax consequences of investing in Shares based on their particular circumstances.
The Fund has not requested and will not request an advance ruling from the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) as to the U.S. federal income tax matters described below. The IRS could adopt positions contrary to those discussed below and such positions could be sustained. Prospective investors should consult their own tax advisors with regard to the U.S. federal tax consequences of the purchase, ownership or disposition of Shares, as well as the tax consequences arising under the laws of any state, non-U.S. country or other taxing jurisdiction.
Tax Treatment of the Fund
In General . The Fund intends to qualify and elect to be treated as a separate regulated investment company (“RIC”) under the Code. As a RIC, the Fund generally will not be required to pay corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any ordinary income or capital gains that it distributes to its shareholders.
To qualify and remain eligible for the special tax treatment accorded to RICs, the Fund must meet certain income, asset and distribution requirements, described in more detail below. Specifically, the Fund must (i) derive at least
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90% of its gross income in each taxable year from dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans, gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies, other income (including, but not limited to, gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities or currencies and net income derived from interests in qualified publicly traded partnerships (“QPTPs”) (i.e., partnership that are traded on an established securities market or readily tradable on a secondary market, other than partnerships that derive at least 90% of their income from interest, dividends, and other qualifying RIC income described above), and (ii) diversify its holdings so that, at the end of each quarter of the Fund’s taxable year, (a) at least 50% of the value of the Fund’s assets is represented by cash, securities of other RICs, U.S. government securities and other securities, with such other securities limited, in respect of any one issuer, to an amount not greater in value than 5% of the Fund’s total assets and not greater than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (b) not more than 25% of the value of its assets is invested in the securities (other than U.S. government securities or securities of other RICs) of any one issuer, any two or more issuers of which 20% or more of the voting stock of each such issuer is held by the Fund and that are determined to be engaged in the same or similar trades or businesses or related trades or business or in the securities of one or more QPTPs. Furthermore, the Fund must distribute annually at least 90% of the sum of (i) its “investment company taxable income” (which includes dividends, interest and net short-term capital gains) and (ii) certain net tax-exempt income, if any.
Failure to Maintain RIC Status . If the Fund fails to qualify as a RIC for any year (subject to certain curative measures allowed by the Code), the Fund will be subject to regular corporate-level U.S. federal income tax in that year on all of its taxable income, regardless of whether the Fund makes any distributions to its shareholders. In addition, in such case, distributions will be taxable to the Fund’s shareholders generally as ordinary dividends to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, possibly eligible for (i) in the case of an individual Fund shareholder, treatment as a qualified dividend (as discussed below) subject to tax at preferential long-term capital gains rates or (ii) in the case of a corporate Fund shareholder, a dividends-received deduction. The remainder of this discussion assumes that the Fund will qualify for the special tax treatment accorded to RICs.
Excise Tax . The Fund will be subject to a 4% excise tax on certain undistributed income generally if the Fund does not distribute to its shareholders in each calendar year at least 98% of its ordinary income for the calendar year, 98.2% of its capital gain net income for the twelve months ended October 31 of such year, plus 100% of any undistributed amounts from prior years. For these purposes, the Fund will be treated as having distributed any amount on which it has been subject to U.S. corporate income tax for the taxable year ending within such calendar year. The Fund intends to make distributions necessary to avoid this 4% excise tax, although there can be no assurance that it will be able to do so.
Phantom Income . With respect to some or all of its investments, the Fund may be required to recognize taxable income in advance of receiving the related cash payment. For example, under the “wash sale” rules, the Fund may not be able to deduct currently a loss on a disposition of a portfolio security. As a result, the Fund may be required to make an annual income distribution greater than the total cash actually received during the year. Such distribution may be made from the existing cash assets of the Fund or cash generated from selling Portfolio Securities. The Fund may realize gains or losses from such sales, in which event the Fund’s shareholders may receive a larger capital gain distribution than they would in the absence of such transactions. (See also —“Certain Debt Instruments” below.)
Certain Debt Instruments . Some of the debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by the Fund (such as zero coupon debt instruments or debt instruments with payment in-kind interest) may be treated as debt securities that are issued originally at a discount. Generally, the amount of original issue discount is treated as interest income and is included in income over the term of the debt security, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, usually when the debt security matures.
If the Fund acquires debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance) in the secondary market, such debt securities may be treated as having market discount. Generally, any gain recognized on the disposition of, and any partial payment of principal on, a debt security having market discount is treated as ordinary income to the extent the gain, or principal payment, does not exceed the “accrued market discount” on such debt security. Market discount generally accrues in equal daily installments. The Fund may make one or more of the
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elections applicable to debt securities having market discount, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income.
Some debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of one year or less from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by the Fund may be treated as having acquisition discount, or original issue discount in the case of certain types of debt securities. Generally, the Fund will be required to include the acquisition discount, or original issue discount, in income over the term of the debt security, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, usually when the debt security matures. The Fund may make one or more of the elections applicable to debt securities having acquisition discount, or original issue discount, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income.
The Fund may invest a portion of its net assets in below investment grade instruments. Investments in these types of instruments may present special tax issues for the Fund. U.S. federal income tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as when the Fund may cease to accrue interest, OID or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless instruments, how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income and whether exchanges of debt obligations in a bankruptcy or workout context are taxable.
Section 1256 Contracts . The Fund may be required to mark-to-market and recognize as income for each taxable year its net unrealized gains and losses on so-called “Section 1256 contracts,” such as certain futures contracts and most non-U.S. currency forward contracts traded in the interbank market. Section 1256 contracts held by the Fund at the end of its taxable year are required to be marked to their market value, and any unrealized gain or loss on those positions will be included in the Fund’s income as if each position had been sold for its fair market value at the end of the taxable year. The resulting gain or loss will be combined with any gain or loss realized by the Fund from positions in Section 1256 contracts closed during the taxable year. Provided such positions were held as capital assets and were not part of a “hedging transaction” or a “straddle,” 60% of the resulting net gain or loss will be treated as long-term gain or loss, and 40% of such net gain or loss will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss, regardless of the period of time the positions were actually held by the Fund. In addition, the Fund may be required to defer the recognition of losses on futures contracts to the extent of any unrecognized gains on related positions held by the Fund. Income from futures contracts generally would be subject to the RIC distribution requirements and would be taken into account for purposes of the 4% excise tax (described above).
Swaps . As a result of entering into swap contracts, the Fund may make or receive periodic net payments. The Fund also may make or receive a payment when a swap is terminated prior to maturity through an assignment of the swap or other closing transaction. Periodic net payments generally will constitute ordinary income or deductions, while termination of a swap generally will result in capital gain or loss (which will be a long-term capital gain or loss if the Fund has been a party to the swap for more than one year). With respect to certain types of swaps, the Fund may be required to currently recognize income or loss with respect to future payments on such swaps or may elect under certain circumstances to mark such swaps to market annually for tax purposes as ordinary income or loss. The tax treatment of many types of credit default swaps is uncertain.
Short Sales . In general, gain or loss on a short sale is recognized when the Fund closes the sale by delivering the borrowed property to the lender, not when the borrowed property is sold. If, however, the Fund already owns property that is identical to the kind it borrows and sells pursuant to a short sale “against the box,” and such pre-existing ownership position has appreciated (i.e., the fair market value exceeds the Fund’s tax basis), the Fund may be required to recognize such gain at the time the borrowed stock is sold. Any gain or loss realized upon closing out a short sale generally is considered as capital gain or loss to the extent that the property used to close the short sale constitutes a capital asset in the Fund’s hands. Except with respect to certain situations where the property used by the Fund to close a short sale has a long-term holding period on the date of the short sale, special rules generally would treat the gains on short sales as short-term capital gains. These rules also may terminate the running of the holding period of “substantially identical property” held by the Fund. Moreover, a loss on a short sale will be treated as long-term capital loss if, on the date of the short sale, “substantially identical property” has been held by the Fund for more than one year. In general, the Fund will not be permitted to deduct payments made to reimburse the lender of securities for dividends paid on borrowed stock if the short sale is closed on or before the 45th day after the short sale is entered into.
Foreign Currency Transactions . Gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates between the time the Fund accrues income, expenses or other items denominated in a foreign currency and the time the Fund actually collects or pays such items are generally treated as ordinary income or loss. Similarly, gains or losses on foreign currency forward contracts, certain foreign currency options and futures contracts and the disposition of debt securities denominated in a foreign currency, to the extent attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates between the acquisition and disposition dates, generally are also treated as ordinary income or loss, unless the Fund were to elect otherwise where such an election is permitted.
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Non-U.S. Investments . Dividends, interest and proceeds from the direct or indirect sale of non-U.S. securities may be subject to non-U.S. withholding tax and other taxes, including financial transaction taxes. Even if the Fund is entitled to seek a refund in respect of such taxes, it may not have sufficient information to do so or may choose not to do so. Tax treaties between certain countries and the United States may reduce or eliminate such taxes in some cases. Non-U.S. taxes paid by the Fund will reduce the return from the Fund’s investments.
Special or Uncertain Tax Consequences . The Fund’s investment or other activities could be subject to special and complex tax rules that may produce differing tax consequences, such as disallowing or limiting the use of losses or deductions, causing the recognition of income or gain without a corresponding receipt of cash, affecting the time as to when a purchase or sale of stock or securities is deemed to occur or altering the characterization of certain complex financial transactions.
The Fund may engage in investment or other activities the treatment of which may not be clear or may be subject to recharacterization by the IRS. In particular, the tax treatment of swaps and certain other derivatives and income from foreign currency transactions is unclear for purposes of determining the Fund’s status as a RIC. If a final determination on the tax treatment of the Fund’s investment or other activities differs from the Fund’s original expectations, the final determination could adversely affect the Fund’s status as a RIC or the timing or character of income recognized by the Fund, requiring the Fund to purchase or sell assets, alter its portfolio or take other action in order to comply with the final determination.
Tax Treatment of Fund Shareholders
Taxation of U.S. Shareholders
The following is a summary of certain U.S. federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of Fund Shares applicable to “U.S. shareholders.” For purposes of this discussion, a “U.S. shareholder” is a beneficial owner of Fund Shares who, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is (i) an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States; (ii) a corporation (or an entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) created or organized in the United States or under the laws of the United States, or of any state thereof, or the District of Columbia; (iii) an estate, the income of which is includable in gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes regardless of its source; or (iv) a trust, if (a) a U.S. court is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of such trust and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust, or (b) the trust has a valid election in place to be treated as a U.S. person.
Fund Distributions . In general, Fund distributions are subject to U.S. federal income tax when paid, regardless of whether they consist of cash or property and regardless of whether they are re-invested in Shares. However, any Fund distribution declared in October, November or December of any calendar year and payable to shareholders of record on a specified date during such month will be deemed to have been received by the Fund shareholder on December 31 of such calendar year, provided such dividend is actually paid during January of the following calendar year.
Distributions of the Fund’s net investment income and the Fund’s net short-term capital gains in excess of net long-term capital losses (collectively referred to as “ordinary income dividends”) are taxable as ordinary income to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits (subject to an exception for “qualified dividend income, as discussed below). Corporate shareholders of the Fund may be eligible to take a dividends-received deduction with respect to such distributions, provided the distributions are attributable to dividends received by the Fund on stock of U.S. corporations with respect to which the Fund meets certain holding period and other requirements. To the extent designated as “capital gain dividends” by the Fund, distributions of the Fund’s net long-term capital gains in excess of net short-term capital losses (“net capital gain”) are taxable at long-term capital gain tax rates to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, regardless of the Fund shareholder’s holding period in the Fund’s Shares. Such dividends will not be eligible for a dividends-received deduction by corporate shareholders.
The Fund’s net capital gain is computed by taking into account the Fund’s capital loss carryforwards, if any. Under the Regulated Investment Company Modernization Act of 2010, capital losses incurred in tax years beginning after December 22, 2010 can be carried forward indefinitely and retain the character of the original loss. To the extent that that these carryforwards are available to offset future capital gains, it is probable that the amount offset will not be distributed to shareholders. In the event that the Fund were to experience an ownership change as defined under the Code, the Fund’s loss carryforwards, if any, may be subject to limitation.
Distributions of “qualified dividend income” (defined below) are taxed to certain non-corporate shareholders at the
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reduced rates applicable to long-term capital gain to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, provided that the Fund shareholder meets certain holding period and other requirements with respect to the distributing Fund’s Shares and the distributing Fund meets certain holding period and other requirements with respect to the dividend-paying stocks. Dividends subject to these special rules, however, are not actually treated as capital gains and, thus, are not included in the computation of a non-corporate shareholder’s net capital gain and generally cannot be used to offset capital losses. The portion of distributions that the Fund may report as qualified dividend income generally is limited to the amount of qualified dividend income received by the Fund, but if for any Fund taxable year 95% or more of the Fund’s gross income (exclusive of net capital gain from sales of stock and securities) consist of qualified dividend income, all distributions of such income for that taxable year may be reported as qualified dividend income. For this purpose, “qualified dividend income” generally means income from dividends received by the Fund from U.S. corporations and qualified non-U.S. corporations. Income from dividends received by the Fund from a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) or another RIC generally is qualified dividend income only to the extent that the dividend distributions are made out of qualified dividend income received by such REIT or other RIC. Given its investment strategy, the Fund does not anticipate that a significant portion of its distributions will be eligible for qualifying dividend treatment.
To the extent that the Fund makes a distribution of income received by such Fund in lieu of dividends with respect to securities on loan pursuant to a securities lending transaction, such income will not constitute qualified dividend income to individual shareholders and will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction for corporate shareholders.
Distributions in excess of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits will, as to each shareholder, be treated as a tax-free return of capital to the extent of the shareholder’s tax basis in its Shares of the Fund, and as a capital gain thereafter (assuming the shareholder holds its Shares of the Fund as capital assets).
The Fund intends to distribute its net capital gain at least annually. However, by providing written notice to its shareholders no later than 60 days after its year-end, the Fund may elect to retain some or all of its net capital gain and designate the retained amount as a “deemed distribution.” In that event, the Fund pays U.S. federal income tax on the retained net capital gain, and the Fund shareholder recognizes a proportionate share of the Fund’s undistributed net capital gain. In addition, the Fund shareholder can claim a tax credit or refund for the shareholder’s proportionate share of the Fund’s U.S. federal income taxes paid on the undistributed net capital gain and increase the shareholder’s tax basis in the Fund Shares by an amount equal to the shareholder’s proportionate share of the Fund’s undistributed net capital gain, reduced by the amount of the shareholder’s tax credit or refund. Organizations or persons not subject to U.S. federal income tax on such net capital gain will be entitled to a refund of their pro rata share of such taxes paid by the Fund upon timely filing appropriate returns or claims for refund with the IRS.
With respect to non-corporate Fund shareholders (i.e., individuals, trusts and estates), ordinary income and short-term capital gain are taxed at a current maximum rate of 39.6% and long-term capital gain is taxed at a current maximum rate of 20%. Corporate shareholders are taxed at a current maximum rate of 35% on their income and gain.
In addition, high-income individuals (and certain trusts and estates) generally will be subject to a 3.8% Medicare tax on “net investment income,” in addition to otherwise applicable U.S. federal income tax. “Net investment income” generally will include dividends (including capital gain dividends) received from the Fund and net gains from the redemption or other disposition of Shares. Please consult your tax advisor regarding this tax.
If the Fund is a “qualified fund of funds” (i.e., a RIC at least 50% of the total assets of which, at the close of each quarter of the taxable year, is represented by interests in other RICs) or more than 50% of the Fund’s total assets at the end of a taxable year consist of non-U.S. stock or securities, the Fund may elect to “pass through” to its shareholders certain non-U.S. income taxes paid by the Fund. This means that each shareholder will be required to (i) include in gross income, even though not actually received, the shareholder’s pro rata share of the Fund’s non-U.S. income taxes, and (ii) either take a corresponding deduction (in calculating U.S. federal taxable income) or credit (in calculating U.S. federal income tax), subject to certain limitations.
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Investors considering buying Shares just prior to a distribution should be aware that, although the price of the Shares purchased at such time may reflect the forthcoming distribution, such distribution nevertheless may be taxable (as opposed to a non-taxable return of capital).
Exempt-Interest Dividends . If at the end of each quarter of the Fund’s taxable year, (i) the Fund is a qualified fund of funds (as defined above), or (ii) 50% or more of the Fund’s assets, by value, consist of certain obligations exempt from U.S. federal income tax under Section 103(a) of the Code (relating generally to obligations of a state or local governmental unit), the Fund shall be qualified to designate a portion of its dividends as “exempt-interest dividends.” Exempt-interest dividends generally will be excludable from a shareholder’s gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Exempt-interest dividends will be included, however, in determining the portion, if any, of a person’s social security and railroad retirement benefit payments subject to U.S. federal income tax. Interest on indebtedness incurred to purchase or carry shares of the Fund that pays exempt-interest dividends will not be deductible by the shareholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent attributable to exempt-interest dividends.
Furthermore, exempt-interest dividends paid by the Fund could subject certain shareholders in the Fund to the U.S. federal alternative minimum tax. Under the Code, corporations are subject to an alternative minimum tax based, in part, on certain differences between taxable income as adjusted for other tax preferences and the corporation’s “adjusted current earnings,” which more closely reflect a corporation’s economic income. Because an exempt-interest dividend paid by the Fund will be included in adjusted current earnings, a corporate shareholder of such Fund may be required to pay alternative minimum tax on exempt-interest dividends paid by the Fund. In addition, if the Fund invests in “private activity bonds,” a portion of the exempt-interest dividends paid by such Fund may be treated as an item of “tax preference” and, therefore, could subject certain shareholders of the Fund to the U.S. federal alternative minimum tax.
The Fund does not expect to be eligible to designate a portion of its dividends as exempt-interest dividends.
REIT/REMIC Investments . The Fund may invest in REITs owning residual interests in “real estate mortgage investment conduits” (“REMICs”). Certain income from a REIT that is attributable to a REMIC residual interest (known as “excess inclusion” income) is allocated to the Fund’s shareholders in proportion to the dividends received from the Fund, producing the same income tax consequences as if the Fund shareholders directly received the excess inclusion income. In general, excess inclusion income (i) cannot be offset by net operating losses (subject to a limited exception for certain thrift institutions), (ii) constitutes “unrelated business taxable income” to certain entities (such as a qualified pension plan, an individual retirement account, a 401(k) plan, a Keogh plan or other tax-exempt entity), and (iii) in the case of a non-U.S. shareholder, does not qualify for any withholding tax reduction or exemption. In addition, if at any time during any taxable year certain types of entities own Shares, the Fund will be subject to a tax equal to the product of (i) the excess inclusion income allocable to such entities and (ii) the highest U.S. federal income tax rate imposed on corporations (currently 35%). The Fund also is subject to information reporting with respect to any excess inclusion income.
Sales of Shares . Any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale or exchange of Shares generally is treated as a long-term gain or loss if the Shares have been held for more than one year. Any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale or exchange of Shares held for one year or less generally is treated as a short-term gain or loss, except that any capital loss on the sale of Shares held for six months or less is treated as long-term capital loss to the extent that capital gain dividends were paid (or deemed to be paid) with respect to such Shares. All or a portion of any loss realized upon a sale or exchange of Fund Shares will be disallowed under the “wash sale” rules if substantially identical shares are purchased (through reinvestment of dividends or otherwise) within a 61-day period beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after the disposition of the Fund Shares. In such a case, the basis of the newly purchased shares will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.
Legislation passed by Congress requires reporting to the IRS and to taxpayers of adjusted cost basis information for “covered securities,” which generally include shares of a RIC acquired on or after January 1, 2012. Shareholders should contact their brokers to obtain information with respect to the available cost basis reporting methods and available elections for their accounts.
REIT/REMIC Investments . The Fund may invest in REITs owning residual interests in “real estate mortgage investment conduits” (“REMICs”). Income from a REIT to the extent attributable to a REMIC residual interest (known as “excess inclusion” income) is allocated to the Fund’s shareholders in proportion to the dividends received from the Fund, producing the same income tax consequences as if the Fund shareholders directly received the excess inclusion income. In general, excess inclusion income (i) cannot be offset by net operating losses (subject to a limited exception for certain thrift institutions), (ii) constitutes “unrelated business taxable income” to certain entities (such as a qualified pension plan, an individual retirement account, a 401(k) plan, a Keogh plan or other tax-exempt entity), and (iii) in the case of a non-U.S. shareholder, does not qualify for any withholding tax reduction or exemption. In addition, if at any time during any taxable year certain types of entities own Shares, the Fund will be subject to a tax equal to the product of (i) the excess inclusion income allocable to such entities and (ii) the highest U.S. federal income tax rate imposed on corporations (currently 35%). The Fund also is subject to information reporting with respect to any excess inclusion income.
Sales of Shares . Any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale or exchange of Shares generally is treated as a long-term gain or loss if the Shares have been held for more than one year. Any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale or exchange of Shares held for one year or less generally is treated as a short-term gain or loss, except that any capital loss on the sale of Shares held for six months or less is treated as long-term capital loss to the extent that capital gain dividends were paid (or deemed to be paid) with respect to such Shares. All or a portion of any loss realized upon a sale or exchange of Fund Shares will be disallowed if substantially identical shares are purchased (through reinvestment of dividends or otherwise) within a 61-day period beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after the disposition of the Fund Shares. In such a case, the basis of the newly purchased shares will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.
Legislation passed by Congress requires reporting of adjusted cost basis information for “covered securities,” which generally include shares of a RIC acquired on or after January 1, 2012, to the IRS and to taxpayers. Shareholders should contact their brokers to obtain information with respect to the available cost basis reporting methods and available elections for their accounts.
Creation Unit Issues and Redemptions . On an issue of Shares as part of a Creation Unit, made by means of an in-kind deposit, an Authorized Participant recognizes capital gain or loss equal to the difference between (i) the fair
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market value (at issue) of the issued Shares (plus any cash received by the Authorized Participant as part of the issue) and (ii) the Authorized Participant’s aggregate basis in the exchanged securities (plus any cash paid by the Authorized Participant as part of the issue). On a redemption of Shares as part of a Creation Unit where the redemption is conducted in-kind by a payment of Fund Securities, an Authorized Participant recognizes capital gain or loss equal to the difference between (i) the fair market value (at redemption) of the securities received (plus any cash received by the Authorized Participant as part of the redemption) and (ii) the Authorized Participant’s basis in the redeemed Shares (plus any cash paid by the Authorized Participant as part of the redemption). However, the IRS may assert, under the “wash sale” rules or on the basis that there has been no significant change in the Authorized Participant’s economic position, that any loss on an issue or redemption of Creation Units cannot be deducted currently.
In general, any capital gain or loss recognized upon the issue or redemption of Shares (as components of a Creation Unit) is treated either as long-term capital gain or loss, if the deposited securities (in the case of an issue) or the Shares (in the case of a redemption) have been held for more than one year, or otherwise as short-term capital gain or loss. However, any capital loss on a redemption of Shares held for six months or less is treated as long-term capital loss to the extent that capital gain dividends were paid (or deemed to be paid) with respect to such Fund Shares.
Reportable Transactions . If the Fund shareholder recognizes a loss with respect to Shares of $2 million or more (for an individual Fund shareholder) or $10 million or more (for a corporate shareholder) in any single taxable year (or a greater loss over a combination of years), the Fund shareholder may be required file a disclosure statement with the IRS. Significant penalties may be imposed upon the failure to comply with these reporting rules. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these rules in light of their individual circumstances.
Taxation of Non-U.S. Shareholders
The following is a summary of certain U.S. federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of Fund Shares applicable to “non-U.S. shareholders.” For purposes of this discussion, a “non-U.S. shareholder” is a beneficial owner of Fund Shares that is not a U.S. shareholder (as defined above) and is not an entity or arrangement treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The following discussion is based on current law, and is for general information only. It addresses only selected, and not all, aspects of U.S. federal income taxation.
Dividends . With respect to non-U.S. shareholders of the Fund, the Fund’s ordinary income dividends generally will be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax at a rate of 30% (or at a lower rate established under an applicable tax treaty). However, ordinary income dividends that are “interest-related dividends” or “short-term capital gain dividends” (each as defined below) and capital gain dividends generally will not be subject to U.S. federal withholding (or income) tax, provided that the non-U.S. shareholder furnishes the Fund with a completed IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E, as applicable, (or acceptable substitute documentation) establishing the non-U.S. shareholder’s non-U.S. status and the Fund does not have actual knowledge or reason to know that the non-U.S. shareholder would be subject to such withholding tax if the non-U.S. shareholder were to receive the related amounts directly rather than as dividends from the Fund. “Interest-related dividends” generally means dividends designated by the Fund as attributable to such Fund’s U.S.-source interest income, other than certain contingent interest and interest from obligations of a corporation or partnership in which such Fund is at least a 10% shareholder, reduced by expenses that are allocable to such income. “Short-term capital gain dividends” generally means dividends designated by the Fund as attributable to the excess of such Fund’s net short-term capital gain over its net long-term capital loss. Depending on its circumstances, the Fund may treat such dividends, in whole or in part, as ineligible from these exemptions from withholding.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, special rules apply in certain cases, including as described below. For example, in cases where dividend income from a non-U.S. shareholder’s investment in the Fund is effectively connected with a trade or business of the non-U.S. shareholder conducted in the United States, the non-U.S. shareholder generally will be exempt from withholding tax, but will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at the graduated rates applicable to U.S. shareholders. Such income generally must be reported on a U.S. federal income tax return. Furthermore, such income also may be subject to the 30% branch profits tax in the case of a non-U.S. shareholder that is a corporation. In addition, if a non-U.S. shareholder is an individual who is present in the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year and has a “tax home” in the United States, any gain incurred by such shareholder with respect to his or her capital gain dividends and short-term capital gain dividends would be subject to a 30% U.S. federal income tax (which, in the case of short-term capital gain dividends, may, in certain instances, be withheld at source by the Fund). Lastly, special rules apply with respect to dividends that are subject to the Foreign Investment in Real Property Act (“FIRPTA”), discussed below (see—“Investments in U.S. Real Property”).
38
Sales of Fund Shares . Under current law, gain on a sale or exchange of Shares generally will be exempt from U.S. federal income tax (including withholding at the source) unless (i) the non-U.S. shareholder is an individual who was physically present in the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year and has a “tax home” in the United States, in which case the non-U.S. shareholder would incur a 30% U.S. federal income tax on his capital gain, (ii) the gain is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business conducted by the non-U.S. shareholder (in which case the non-U.S. shareholder generally would be taxable on such gain at the same graduated rates applicable to U.S. shareholders, would be required to file a U.S. federal income tax return and, in the case of a corporate non-U.S. shareholder, may also be subject to the 30% branch profits tax), or (iii) the gain is subject to FIRPTA, as discussed below (see —“Investments in U.S. Real Property”) .
Credits or Refunds . To claim a credit or refund for any Fund-level taxes on any undistributed long-term capital gains (as discussed above) or any taxes collected through withholding, a non-U.S. Fund shareholder must obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification number and file a U.S. federal income tax return even if the non-U.S. Fund shareholder would not otherwise be required to do so.
Investments in U.S. Real Property . Subject to the exemptions described below, a non-U.S. shareholder generally will be subject to U.S. federal income tax under FIRPTA on any gain from the sale or exchange of Shares if the Fund is a “U.S. real property holding corporation” (as defined below) at any time during the shorter of the period during which the non-U.S. shareholder held such Shares and the five-year period ending on the date of the disposition of those Shares. Any such gain will be taxed in the same manner as for a U.S. Fund shareholder and in certain cases will be collected through withholding at the source in an amount equal to 15% of the sales proceeds. The Fund will be a “U.S. real property holding corporation” if the fair market value of its “U.S. real property interests” (“USRPIs”) (which includes shares of U.S. real property holding corporations and certain participating debt securities) equals or exceeds 50% of the fair market value of such interests plus its interests in real property located outside the United States plus any other assets used or held for use in a business.
An exemption from FIRPTA applies if either (i) the class of Shares disposed of by the non-U.S. shareholder is regularly traded on an established securities market (as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes) and the non-U.S. shareholder did not actually or constructively hold more than 5% of such class of Shares at any time during the five-year period prior to the disposition, or (ii) the Fund is a “domestically-controlled RIC.” A “domestically-controlled RIC” is any RIC in which at all times during the relevant testing period 50% or more in value of the RIC’s stock is owned by U.S. persons.
Furthermore, special rules apply under FIRPTA in respect of distributions attributable to gains from USRPIs. In general, if the Fund is a U.S. real property holding corporation (taking certain special rules into account), distributions by such Fund attributable to gains from USRPIs will be treated as income effectively connected with a trade or business within the United States, subject generally to tax at the same graduated rates applicable to U.S. shareholders and, in the case of a corporation that is a non-U.S. shareholder, a “branch profits” tax at a rate of 30% (or other applicable lower treaty rate). Such distributions will be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax and generally will give rise to an obligation on the part of the non-U.S. shareholder to file a U.S. federal income tax return.
39
Even if the Fund is treated as a U.S. real property holding corporation, distributions on the Fund’s Shares will not be treated, under the rule described above, as income effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business in the case of a non-U.S. shareholder that owns (for the applicable period) 5% or less (by class) of Shares and such class is regularly traded on an established securities market for U.S. federal income tax purposes (but such distribution will be treated as ordinary dividends subject to a 30% withholding tax or lower applicable treaty rate).
Non-U.S. shareholders that engage in certain “wash sale” and/or substitute dividend payment transactions the effect of which is to avoid the receipt of distributions from the Fund that would be treated as gain effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business will be treated as having received such distributions.
All shareholders of the Fund should consult their tax advisers regarding the application of the rules described above.
Back-Up Withholding
The Fund (or a financial intermediary such as a broker through which a shareholder holds Shares in the Fund) may be required to report certain information on the Fund shareholder to the IRS and withhold U.S. federal income tax (“backup withholding”) at a 28% rate from taxable distributions and redemption or sale proceeds payable to the Fund shareholder if (i) the Fund shareholder fails to provide the Fund with a correct taxpayer identification number or make required certifications, or if the IRS notifies the Fund that the Fund shareholder is otherwise subject to backup withholding, and (ii) the Fund shareholder is not otherwise exempt from backup withholding. Non-U.S. shareholders can qualify for exemption from backup withholding by submitting a properly completed IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E. Backup withholding is not an additional tax and any amount withheld may be credited against the Fund shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability.
Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act
The U.S. Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (“FATCA”) generally imposes a 30% withholding tax on “withholdable payments” (defined below) made to (i) a “foreign financial institution” ("FFI"), unless the FFI enters into an agreement with the IRS to provide information regarding certain of its direct and indirect U.S. account holders and satisfy certain due diligence and other specified requirements, and (ii) a “non-financial foreign entity” (“NFFE”) unless such NFFE provides certain information to the withholding agent about certain of its direct and indirect “substantial U.S. owners” or certifies that it has no such U.S. owners. The beneficial owner of a “withholdable payment” may be eligible for a refund or credit of the withheld tax. The U.S. government also has entered into several intergovernmental agreements with other jurisdictions to provide an alternative, and generally easier, approach for FFIs to comply with FATCA.
“Withholdable payments” generally include, among other items, (i) U.S.-source interest and dividends, and (ii) gross proceeds from the sale or disposition, occurring on or after January 1, 2019, of property of a type that can produce U.S.-source interest or dividends.
The Fund may be required to impose a 30% withholding tax on withholdable payments to a shareholder if the shareholder fails to provide the Fund with the information, certifications or documentation required under FATCA, including information, certification or documentation necessary for the Fund to determine if the shareholder is a non-U.S. shareholder or a U.S. shareholder and, if it is a non-U.S. shareholder, if the non-U.S. shareholder has “substantial U.S. owners” and/or is in compliance with (or meets an exception from) FATCA requirements. The Fund will not pay any additional amounts to shareholders in respect of any amounts withheld. The Fund may disclose any shareholder information, certifications or documentation to the IRS or other parties as necessary to comply with FATCA.
The requirements of, and exceptions from, FATCA are complex. All prospective shareholders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the potential application of FATCA with respect to their own situation.
40
Section 351
The Trust, on behalf of the Fund, has the right to reject an order for a purchase of shares of the Fund if the purchaser (or any group of purchasers) would, upon obtaining the shares so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding shares of a given Fund and if, pursuant to Section 351 of the Code, that Fund would have a basis in the Deposit Securities different from the market value of such securities on the date of deposit. The Trust also has the right to require information necessary to determine beneficial share ownership for purposes of the 80% determination.
The Fund is not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by the Exchange. The Exchange makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of Shares or any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in securities generally or in the Fund particularly or the ability of the Fund to achieve their objective. The Exchange has no obligation or liability in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the Fund.
For purposes of the 1940 Act, the Fund is a registered investment company, and the acquisition of Shares by other registered investment companies and companies relying on exemption from registration as investment companies under Section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act is subject to the restrictions of Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act, except as permitted by an exemptive order that permits registered investment companies to invest in the Fund beyond those limitations.
Shareholder inquiries may be made by writing to the Trust, c/o IndexIQ Advisors LLC, 800 Westchester Avenue, Suite S-710, Rye Brook, New York 10573.
As of the date of this Statement of Additional Information, the Fund have not yet commenced operations.
41
SUMMARY OF PROXY VOTING POLICY AND PROCEDURES
The Advisor has delegated proxy-voting authority to the Fund’s Sub-Advisor, MacKay Shields. A summary of MacKay Shields' proxy voting policies and procedures is provided below.
MacKay Shields has adopted proxy-voting policies and procedures pursuant to where clients have delegated proxy-voting authority to MacKay Shields, all proxies are voted in the best interest of such clients without regard to the interests of MacKay Shields or related parties. When a client retains MacKay Shields, the firm generally determines through its investment management agreement whether it will vote proxies on behalf of that client. Currently, MacKay Shields uses ISS as its third-party proxy voting service provider. If the client appoints MacKay Shields as its proxy-voting agent, the client will also instruct MacKay Shields to vote its proxies in accordance with custom guidelines provided by the client, MacKay Shields' Standard Guidelines (currently the same as the ISS standard guidelines), or in the case of a Taft-Hartley client, in accordance with the ISS Taft-Hartley guidelines. MacKay Shields informs the client's custodian to send all proxies to ISS. MacKay Shields then informs ISS that the client has appointed MacKay Shields as its agent and instructs ISS as to which guidelines to follow.
Once the appropriate guidelines have been established, each proxy must be voted in accordance with those guidelines unless a MacKay Shields portfolio manager believes that it is in the best interest of the client(s) to vote otherwise. In those cases, the portfolio manager must complete a form describing the reasons for departing from the guidelines and disclosing any facts that might suggest there is a conflict. The portfolio manager submits the form to MacKay Shields' Compliance Department for review. If the Compliance Department determines that no “conflict” exists, then the dissent will be approved and ISS will be informed of how to vote. All dissenting votes are presented to MacKay Shields’ Compliance Committee. If MacKay Shields’ General Counsel or CCO determines that a conflict exists, the matter will immediately be referred to MacKay Shields’ Compliance Committee for consideration. In accordance with Firm procedures in this area, the committee members will consider the matter and resolve the conflict as deemed appropriate under the circumstances. Please see the “Guidelines Examples” section above for examples of MacKay Shields’ guidelines with respect to certain typical proxy votes.
1
SECURITIES SETTLEMENTS FOR CREATIONS AND REDEMPTIONS
The Fund generally intends to effect deliveries of Creation Units and Deposit Securities on a basis of “T” plus three business days. The Fund may effect deliveries of Creation Units and Deposit Securities on a basis other than T plus three in order to accommodate local holiday schedules, to account for different treatment among foreign and U.S. markets of dividend record dates and ex-dividend dates, or under certain other circumstances. The ability of the Fund to effect in-kind creations and redemptions within three business days of receipt of an order in good form is subject, among other things, to the condition that, within the time period from the date of the order to the date of delivery of the securities, there are no days that are holidays in the applicable foreign market. For every occurrence of one or more intervening holidays in the applicable foreign market that are not holidays observed in the U.S. equity market, the redemption settlement cycle will be extended by the number of such intervening holidays, but not more than twelve calendar days. In the event that a delay in a redemption settlement cycle will extend to more than twelve calendar days, the Fund will effect a cash-in-lieu redemption to the extent necessary. In addition to holidays, other unforeseeable closings in a foreign market due to emergencies may also prevent the Trust from delivering securities within the normal settlement period.
The securities delivery cycles currently practicable for transferring Deposit Securities to redeeming investors, coupled with foreign market holiday schedules, will require a delivery process longer than seven calendar days in certain circumstances.
The holidays applicable to the Fund during such periods are listed below, as are instances where more than seven days will be needed to deliver redemption proceeds. Although certain holidays may occur on different dates in subsequent years, the number of days required to deliver redemption proceeds in any given year is not expected to exceed the maximum number of days listed below for the Fund. The proclamation of new holidays, the treatment by market participants of certain days as “informal holidays” ( e.g. , days on which no or limited securities transactions occur, as a result of substantially shortened trading hours), the elimination of existing holidays, or changes in local securities delivery practices, could affect the information set forth herein at some time in the future.
The dates of the Regular Holidays in calendar year 2017 are:
1
Belgium : | ||||
January 1 | May 25 | November 1 | ||
April 16 | June 5 | November 11 | ||
April 17 | July 21 | December 25 | ||
May 1 | August 15 | |||
Brazil : | ||||
January 1 | April 21 | October 12 | ||
February 27 | May 1 | November 2 | ||
February 28 | June 15 | November 15 | ||
April 14 | September 7 | December 25 | ||
Canada : | ||||
January 2 | July 3 | November 13 | ||
February 20 | August 7 | December 25 | ||
April 14 | September 4 | December 26 | ||
May 22 | October 9 | |||
Chile : | ||||
January 1 | May 1 | August 15 | October 27 | |
April 14 | May 21 | September 18 | November 1 | |
April 15 | June 26 | September 19 | December 8 | |
April 16 | July 16 | October 9 | December 25 | |
China : | ||||
January 1 | February 15 | May 6 | October 4 | December 26 |
January 18 | February 16 | May 30 | October 5 | |
February 8 | April 4 | June 9 | October 6 | |
February 9 | May 2 | July 4 | October 7 | |
February 10 | May 3 | September 5 | October 10 | |
February 11 | May 4 | September 15 | November 11 | |
February 12 | May 5 | October 3 | November 24 | |
Columbia : | ||||
January 1 | April 14 | June 26 | August 21 | December 8 |
January 9 | May 1 | July 3 | October 16 | December 25 |
March 20 | May 29 | July 20 | November 6 | |
April 13 | June 19 | August 7 | November 13 | |
Czech Republic : | ||||
January 1 | September 28 | December 30 | ||
March 28 | October 28 | |||
July 5 | November 17 | |||
July 6 | December 26 | |||
2
3
4
Netherlands : | ||||
January 1 | June 5 | |||
March 26 | October 29 | |||
April 14 | December 25 | |||
April 17 | December 26 | |||
New Zealand : | ||||
January 2 | February 6 | June 5 | ||
January 3 | April 14 | October 23 | ||
January 23 | Apr 17 | December 25 | ||
January 30 | April 25 | December 26 | ||
Nigeria : | ||||
January 2 | May 29 | September 2 | ||
April 14 | June 25 | October 2 | ||
April 17 | June 26 | December 1 | ||
May 1 | September 1 | December 26 | ||
Norway : | ||||
April 13 | May 7 | December 26 | ||
April 14 | May 25 | |||
April 17 | June 5 | |||
May 1 | December 25 | |||
Peru : | ||||
January 1 | June 29 | October 8 | ||
April 13 | July 28 | November 1 | ||
April 14 | July 29 | December 8 | ||
May 1 | August 30 | December 25 | ||
Philippines : | ||||
January 1 | May 1 | November 30 | ||
April 9 | June 12 | December 25 | ||
April 13 | August 28 | December 30 | ||
April 14 | November 1 | December 31 | ||
Poland : | ||||
January 1 | May 1 | November 1 | ||
January 6 | May 3 | November 11 | ||
April 14 | June 15 | December 24 | ||
April 17 | August 15 | December 25 | ||
Portugal : | ||||
April 14 | December 26 | |||
April 17 | ||||
May 1 | ||||
December 25 | ||||
Russia : | ||||
January 1 | March 8 | November 6 | ||
January 2 | May 1 | |||
January 7 | May 9 | |||
February 23 | June 12 |
5
Saudi Arabia : | ||||
June 23 | August 31 | September 23 | ||
June 24 | September 1 | |||
June 25 | September 2 | |||
August 30 | September 3 | |||
The Saudi Arabia Market is closed on Fridays. | ||||
Singapore : | ||||
January 1 | August 9 | |||
January 2 | December 25 | |||
April 14 | ||||
May 1 | ||||
South Africa : | ||||
January 1 | April 17 | August 9 | ||
January 2 | April 27 | September 24 | ||
March 21 | May 1 | September 25 | ||
April 14 | June 16 | December 16 | ||
South Korea : | ||||
January 1 | January 30 | May 5 | October 4 | December 20 |
January 27 | March 1 | June 6 | October 5 | December 25 |
January 28 | May 1 | August 15 | October 6 | |
January 29 | May 3 | October 3 | October 9 | |
Spain : | ||||
April 13 | July 25 | December 8 | ||
April 14 | August 15 | December 25 | ||
May 1 | October 12 | |||
June 15 | November 1 | |||
Sweden : | ||||
January 6 | May 1 | June 24 | ||
April 14 | May 25 | December 25 | ||
April 17 | June 3 | December 26 | ||
Switzerland : | ||||
January 2 | May 25 | December 25 | ||
April 14 | June 5 | December 26 | ||
April 17 | August 1 | |||
Taiwan : | ||||
January 1 | April 5 | October 10 | ||
February 28 | May 1 |
6
Thailand : | ||||
January 2 | April 13 | May 10 | August 14 | December 12 |
February 11 | April 14 | July 1 | October 23 | |
April 6 | May 1 | July 10 | December 5 | |
Turkey : | ||||
January 1 | May 19 | |||
April 23 | August 30 | |||
May 1 | October 29 | |||
United Kingdom : | ||||
January 2 | May 1 | December 26 | ||
March 26 | May 29 | December 27 | ||
April 14 | August 28 | |||
April 17 | October 29 | |||
Vietnam : | ||||
January 2 | January 30 | September 4 | ||
January 27 | April 6 | |||
January 28 | May 1 | |||
January 29 | May 2 |
Redemption : The longest redemption cycle for the Fund is a function of the longest redemption cycle among the countries whose stocks compromise the Fund.
In the calendar year 2017, the dates of regular holidays affecting the following securities markets present the worst-case redemption cycle for the Fund as follows:
Bangladesh:
Redemption Request Date | Redemption Settlement Date | Settlement Period |
6/19/2017 | 6/27/2017 | 8 |
China :
Redemption Request Date | Redemption Settlement Date | Settlement Period |
2/3/2017 | 2/17/2017 | 14 |
2/6/2017 | 2/18/2017 | 12 |
2/7/2017 | 2/19/2017 | 12 |
4/27/2017 | 5/8/2017 | 11 |
4/28/2017 | 5/9/2017 | 11 |
5/1/2017 | 5/10/2017 | 9 |
9/28/2017 | 10/11/2017 | 13 |
9/29/2017 | 10/12/2017 | 13 |
10/2/2017 | 10/13/2017 | 11 |
Japan:
Redemption Request Date | Redemption Settlement Date | Settlement Period |
4/28/2017 | 5/8/2017 | 9 |
5/1/2017 | 5/9/2017 | 8 |
5/2/2017 | 5/10/2017 | 8 |
7
Qatar:
Redemption Request Date | Redemption Settlement Date | Settlement Period |
6/20/2017 | 6/28/2017 | 8 |
6/21/2017 | 6/29/2017 | 8 |
6/22/2017 | 7/2/2017 | 10 |
South Africa:
Redemption Request Date | Redemption Settlement Date | Settlement Period |
4/7/2017 | 4/18/2017 | 11 |
4/10/2017 | 4/19/2017 | 9 |
4/11/2017 | 4/20/2017 | 9 |
4/12/2017 | 4/21/2017 | 9 |
4/13/2017 | 4/24/2017 | 11 |
4/20/2017 | 4/28/2017 | 8 |
4/21/2017 | 5/2/2017 | 10 |
4/24/2017 | 5/3/2017 | 9 |
4/25/2017 | 5/4/2017 | 9 |
4/26/2017 | 5/5/2017 | 9 |
4/28/2017 | 5/10/2017 | 10 |
6/12/2017 | 6/20/2017 | 8 |
6/13/2017 | 6/21/2017 | 8 |
6/14/2017 | 6/22/2017 | 8 |
6/15/2017 | 6/23/2017 | 8 |
8/2/2017 | 8/10/2017 | 8 |
8/3/2017 | 8/11/2017 | 8 |
8/4/2017 | 8/14/2017 | 10 |
8/7/2017 | 8/15/2017 | 8 |
8/8/2017 | 8/16/2017 | 8 |
9/18/2017 | 9/26/2017 | 8 |
9/19/2017 | 9/27/2017 | 8 |
9/20/2017 | 9/28/2017 | 8 |
9/21/2017 | 9/29/2017 | 8 |
9/22/2017 | 10/2/2017 | 10 |
12/18/2017 | 12/27/2017 | 9 |
12/19/2017 | 12/28/2017 | 9 |
12/20/2017 | 12/29/2017 | 9 |
12/21/2017 | 1/1/2017 | 11 |
12/22/2017 | 1/2/2017 | 11 |
South Korea:
Redemption Request Date | Redemption Settlement Date | Settlement Period |
9/29/2017 | 10/10/2017 | 10 |
10/2/2017 | 10/11/2017 | 9 |
8
DESCRIPTION OF FIXED-INCOME RATINGS
A rating is generally assigned to a fixed-income security at the time of issuance by a credit rating agency designated as a nationally recognized statistical rating organization (“NRSRO”) by the SEC. While NRSROs may from time to time revise such ratings, they undertake no obligation to do so, and the ratings given to securities at issuance do not necessarily represent ratings which would be given to these securities on a particular subsequent date.
Fixed-income securities which are unrated expose the investor to risks with respect to capacity to pay interest or repay principal which are similar to the risks of lower-rated speculative bonds. Evaluation of these securities is dependent on the investment adviser’s judgment, analysis and experience in the evaluation of such securities.
Investors should note that the assignment of a rating to a security by an NRSRO may not reflect the effect of recent developments on the issuer’s ability to make interest and principal payments or on the likelihood of default. Securities deemed to be high yield are rated below Baa3 by Moody’s and below BBB- by Standard & Poor’s Rating Services and Fitch.
The descriptions below relate to general long-term and short-term obligations of an issuer.
Moody’s Ratings
Long-Term Obligations
Aaa : Obligations rated Aaa are judged to be of the highest quality, subject to the lowest level of credit risk.
Aa : Obligations rated Aa are judged to be of high quality and are subject to very low credit risk.
A : Obligations rated A are judged to be upper-medium grade and are subject to low credit risk.
Baa : Obligations rated Baa are judged to be medium-grade and subject to moderate credit risk and as such may possess certain speculative characteristics.
Ba : Obligations rated Ba are judged to be speculative and are subject to substantial credit risk.
B : Obligations rated B are considered speculative and are subject to high credit risk.
Caa : Obligations rated Caa are judged to be speculative, of poor standing and are subject to very high credit risk.
Ca : Obligations rated Ca are highly speculative and are likely in, or very near, default, with some prospect of recovery of principal and interest.
C : Obligations rated C are the lowest rated and are typically in default, with little prospect for recovery of principal or interest.
Note : Moody's appends numerical modifiers 1, 2 and 3 in each generic rating classification from Aa through Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the obligation ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category.
Absence of Rating : Where no rating has been assigned or where a rating has been withdrawn, it may be for reasons unrelated to the creditworthiness of the issue.
1
Should no rating be assigned, the reason may be one of the following:
1. An application was not received or accepted.
2. The issue or issuer belongs to a group of securities or entities that are not rated as a matter of policy.
3. There is a lack of essential data pertaining to the issue or issuer.
4. The issue was privately placed, in which case the rating is not published in Moody’s publications.
Withdrawal may occur if new and material circumstances arise, the effects of which preclude satisfactory analysis; if there is no longer available reasonable up-to-date data to permit a judgment to be formed; if a bond is called for redemption; or for other reasons.
Short-Term Obligations
Moody’s short-term debt ratings are opinions of the ability of issuers to honor short-term financial obligations, generally with an original maturity not exceeding thirteen months.
Moody's employs the following designations to indicate the relative repayment ability of rated issuers:
P-1 : Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-1 have a superior ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-2 : Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-2 have a strong ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-3 : Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-3 have an acceptable ability to repay short-term obligations.
NP : Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime rating categories.
US Municipal Short-Term Debt Obligations
There are three rating categories for short-term municipal obligations that are considered investment-grade and are designated as Municipal Investment Grade (MIG). In addition, those short-term obligations that are of speculative quality are designated SG, or speculative grade. MIG ratings expire at the maturity of the obligation.
MIG 1 : This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by established cash flows, highly reliable liquidity support, or demonstrated broad-based access to the market for refinancing.
MIG 2 : This designation denotes strong credit quality. Margins of protection are ample, although not as large as in the preceding group.
MIG 3 : This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Liquidity and cash-flow protection may be narrow, and market access for refinancing is likely to be less well-established.
SG : This designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Debt instruments in this category may lack sufficient margins of protection.
Standard & Poor's Ratings Services
Long-Term Obligations
AAA : An obligation rated AAA has the highest rating assigned by Standard & Poor's Rating Services. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is extremely strong.
2
AA : An obligation rated AA differs from the highest-rated obligations only to a small degree. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment is very strong.
A : An obligation rated A is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is still strong.
BBB : An obligation rated BBB exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
BB ; B ; CCC ; CC ; and C : Obligations rated BB, B, CCC, CC, and C are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. BB indicates the least degree of speculation and C the highest. While such obligations will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.
BB : An obligation rated BB is less vulnerable to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
B : An obligation rated B is more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated BB, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligor’s capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
CCC : An obligation rated CCC is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
CC : An obligation rated CC is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment. The CC rating is used when a default has not yet occurred, but Standard & Poor's Rating Services expects default to be a virtual certainty, regardless of the anticipated time to default.
C : An obligation rated C is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment, and the obligation is expected to have lower relative seniority or lower ultimate recovery compared to obligations that are rated higher.
D : An obligation rated D is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the D rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless Standard & Poor's Rating Services believes that such payments will be made within five business days in the absence of a stated grace period or within the earlier of the stated grace period or 30 calendar days. The D rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. An obligation's rating is lowered to D if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer.
NR : NR indicates no rating has been requested, or that there is insufficient information on which to base a rating, or that Standard & Poor's Rating Services does not rate a particular obligation as a matter of policy.
Note : The ratings from AA to CCC may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.
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Short-Term Obligations
A-1 : A short-term obligation rated A-1 is rated in the highest category by Standard & Poor's Rating Services. The obligor's capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is strong. Within this category, certain obligations are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligor's capacity to meet its financial commitment on these obligations is extremely strong.
A-2 : A short-term obligation rated A-2 is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rating categories. However, the obligor's capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is satisfactory.
A-3 : A short-term obligation rated A-3 exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
B : A short-term obligation rated B is regarded as vulnerable and has significant speculative characteristics. The obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties which could lead to the obligor's inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments.
C : A short-term obligation rated C is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
D : A short-term obligation rated D is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the D rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless Standard & Poor's Rating Services believes that such payments will be made within any stated grace period. However, any stated grace period longer than five business days will be treated as five business days. The D rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. An obligation's rating is lowered to D if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer.
Municipal Short-Term Obligations
An S&P U.S. municipal note rating reflects Standard & Poor's opinion about the liquidity factors and market access risks unique to the notes. Notes due in three years or less will likely receive a note rating. Notes with an original maturity of more than three years will most likely receive a long-term debt rating.
SP-1 : Strong capacity to pay principal and interest. An issue determined to possess a very strong capacity to pay debt service is given a plus (+) designation.
SP-2 : Satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest, with some vulnerability to adverse financial and economic changes over the term of the notes.
SP-3 : Speculative capacity to pay principal and interest.
Fitch Ratings
Long-Term Obligations
AAA : Highest credit quality. AAA ratings denote the lowest expectation of credit risk. They are assigned only in cases of exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.
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AA : Very high credit quality. AA ratings denote expectations of very low credit risk. They indicate very strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events.
A : High credit quality. A ratings denote expectations of low credit risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered strong. This capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to adverse business or economic conditions than is the case for higher ratings.
BBB : Good credit quality. BBB ratings indicate that expectations of credit risk are currently low. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate but adverse business or economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity.
BB : Speculative. BB ratings indicate an elevated vulnerability to credit risk, particularly in the event of adverse changes in business or economic conditions over time; however, business or financial alternatives may be available to allow financial commitments to be met.
B : Highly speculative. B ratings indicate that material credit risk is present.
CCC : Substantial credit risk. CCC ratings indicate that substantial credit risk is present.
CC : Very high levels of credit risk. CC ratings indicate very high levels of credit risk.
C : Exceptionally high levels of credit risk. C indicates exceptionally high levels of credit risk.
Defaulted obligations typically are not assigned RD or D ratings, but are instead rated in the B to C rating categories, depending upon their recovery prospects and other relevant characteristics. This approach better aligns obligations that have comparable overall expected loss but varying vulnerability to default and loss.
Note: The modifiers “+” or “-” may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffixes are not added to the AAA obligation rating category, or to corporate finance obligation ratings in the categories below CCC.
The subscript 'emr' is appended to a rating to denote embedded market risk which is beyond the scope of the rating. The designation is intended to make clear that the rating solely addresses the counterparty risk of the issuing bank. It is not meant to indicate any limitation in the analysis of the counterparty risk, which in all other respects follows published Fitch criteria for analyzing the issuing financial institution. Fitch does not rate these instruments where the principal is to any degree subject to market risk.
Short-Term Obligations (Corporate and Public Finance)
A short-term issuer or obligation rating is based in all cases on the short-term vulnerability to default of the rated entity or security stream and relates to the capacity to meet financial obligations in accordance with the documentation governing the relevant obligation. Short-Term Ratings are assigned to obligations whose initial maturity is viewed as “short-term” based on market convention. Typically, this means up to 13 months for corporate, sovereign, and structured obligations, and up to 36 months for obligations in U.S. public finance markets.
F1 : Highest short-term credit quality. Indicates the strongest intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have an added “+” to denote any exceptionally strong credit feature.
F2 : Good short-term credit quality. Good intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments.
F3 : Fair short-term credit quality. The intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is adequate.
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B : Speculative short-term credit quality. Minimal capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, plus heightened vulnerability to near term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.
C : High short-term default risk. Default is a real possibility.
RD : Restricted default. Indicates an entity that has defaulted on one or more of its financial commitments, although it continues to meet other financial obligations. Typically applicable to entity ratings only.
D : Default. Indicates a broad-based default event for an entity, or the default of a short-term obligation.
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PART C
OTHER INFORMATION
Item 28. Exhibits
(a) | Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust (“Trust Instrument”) of IndexIQ ETF Trust (“Registrant”). (8) |
(b) | By-Laws of Registrant. (1) |
(c) | Articles 4 and 7 of the Trust Instrument, Exhibit 28(a), defines the rights of holders of the securities being registered (Certificates for shares are not issued). (8) |
(d)(1) | Investment Advisory Agreement dated April 15, 2015, between the Registrant and IndexIQ Advisors LLC (“Advisor”), as adviser for the Registrant and each of its investment portfolios (the “Funds”). (2) |
(d)(2) | Notice of Fee Waiver dated May 9, 2016, between Registrant and Advisor, for IQ Enhanced Core Bond U.S. ETF and IQ Enhanced Core Plus Bond U.S. ETF. (6) |
(d)(3) | Sub-Advisory Agreement between Advisor and MacKay Shields LLC for IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF, filed herewith. |
(e)(1) | Distribution Agreement between ALPS Distributors, Inc. (“Distributor”) and the Registrant. (1) |
(e)(2) | Form of Authorized Participation Agreement. (3) |
(f) | Not applicable. |
(g) | Custody Agreement between the Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon. (1) |
(h)(1) | Fund Administration and Accounting Agreement between the Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon. (1) |
(h)(2) | Transfer Agency Agreement between the Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon. (1) |
(h)(3) | Form of Sub-License Agreement among the Registrant, the Investment Advisor and Financial Development Holdco LLC (“IndexIQ”). (1) |
(h)(4) | Securities Lending Agreement between IndexIQ ETF Trust and The Bank of New York Mellon. (4) |
(h)(5) | Sub-License Agreement among the Registrant and the Investment Adviser, filed herewith. |
(h)(6) | Expense Limitation Agreement between IndexIQ ETF Trust and the Investment Adviser, filed herewith. |
(i) | Opinion and Consent of Kaye Scholer LLP regarding the legality of securities registered with respect to the Registrant, filed herewith. |
(j) | Not applicable. |
(k) | Not applicable. |
(l) | Not applicable. |
(m) | Plan of Distribution Pursuant to Rule 12b-1. (5) |
(n) | Not applicable. |
(o) | Reserved. |
(p)(1) | Code of Ethics for the Investment Advisor. (7) |
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(p)(2) | Code of Ethics for the Distributor. (7) |
(p)(3) | Code of Ethics of MacKay Shields LLC, filed herewith. |
(q) | Powers of Attorney executed by Reena Aggarwal, Adam S. Patti, Michael A. Pignataro and Paul D. Schaeffer, filed herewith. |
(1) | previously filed as part of Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement, filed on February 4, 2009. |
(2) | previously filed as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 32 to the Registration Statement filed on May 1, 2015. |
(3) | previously filed as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 19 to the Registration Statement filed on August 29, 2011. |
(4) | previously filed as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 21 to the Registration Statement filed on August 27, 2012. |
(5) | previously filed as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 17 to the Registration Statement, filed on June 29, 2011. |
(6) | previously filed as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 60 to the Registration Statement, filed on May 9, 2016. |
(7) | previously filed as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 78 to the Registration Statement filed on August 26, 2016. |
(8) | previously filed as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 85 to the Registration Statement filed on October 17, 2016. |
Item 29. Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control with Registrant .
Not Applicable.
Item 30. Indemnification
Under Delaware law, Section 3817 of the Treatment of Delaware Statutory Trusts empowers Delaware business trusts to indemnify and hold harmless any trustee or beneficial owner or other person from and against any and all claims and demands whatsoever, subject to such standards and restrictions as may be set forth in the governing instrument of the business trust. The Registrant’s Trust Instrument contains the following provisions:
Section 2. Indemnification and Limitation of Liability. The Trustees shall not be responsible or liable in any event for any neglect or wrong-doing of any officer, agent, employee, Investment Advisor or Principal Underwriter of the Trust, nor shall any Trustee be responsible for the act or omission of any other Trustee, and, as provided in Section 3 of this Article VII, the Trust out of its assets shall indemnify and hold harmless each and every Trustee and officer of the Trust from and against any and all claims, demands, costs, losses, expenses, and damages whatsoever arising out of or related to such Trustee’s performance of his or her duties as a Trustee or officer of the Trust; provided that nothing herein contained shall indemnify, hold harmless or protect any Trustee or officer from or against any liability to the Trust or any Shareholder to which he or she would otherwise be subject by reason of willful
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misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office.
Section 3. Indemnification .
(a) | Subject to the exceptions and limitations contained in Subsection (b) below: |
(i) | every person who is, or has been, a Trustee or an officer, employee or agent of the Trust (including any individual who serves at its request as director, officer, partner, trustee or the like of another organization in which it has any interest as a shareholder, creditor or otherwise) (“Covered Person”) shall be indemnified by the Trust or the appropriate Series to the fullest extent permitted by law against liability and against all expenses reasonably incurred or paid by him in connection with any claim, action, suit or proceeding in which he becomes involved as a party or otherwise by virtue of his being or having been a Covered Person and against amounts paid or incurred by him in the settlement thereof; and |
(ii) | as used herein, the words “claim,” “action,” “suit,” or “proceeding” shall apply to all claims, actions, suits or proceedings (civil, criminal or other, including appeals), actual or threatened, and the words “liability” and “expenses” shall include, without limitation, attorneys, fees, costs, judgments, amounts paid in settlement, fines, penalties and other liabilities. |
(b) | No indemnification shall be provided hereunder to a Covered Person: |
(i) | who shall have been adjudicated by a court or body before which the proceeding was brought (A) to be liable to the Trust or its Shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office, or (B) not to have acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that his action was in the best interest of the Trust; or | |
(ii) | in the event the matter is not adjudicated by a court or other appropriate body, unless there has been a determination that such Covered Person did not engage in willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office: by at least a majority of those Trustees who are neither Interested Persons of the Trust nor are parties to the matter based upon a review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry); or by written opinion of independent legal counsel based upon a review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry). |
(c) The rights of indemnification herein provided may be insured against by policies maintained by the Trust, shall be severable, shall not be exclusive of or affect any other rights to which any Covered Person may now or hereafter be entitled, and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of a Covered Person.
(d) To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, expenses incurred in defending any proceeding may be advanced by the Trust before the disposition of the proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such Covered Person that such amount will be paid over by him to the Trust or applicable Series if it is ultimately determined that he is not entitled to indemnification under this Section; provided, however, that either a majority of the Trustees who are neither Interested Persons of the Trust nor parties to the matter, or independent legal counsel in a written opinion, shall have determined, based upon a review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry) that there is reason to believe that such Covered Person will not be disqualified from indemnification under this Section.
(e) Any repeal or modification of this Article VII by the Shareholders, or adoption or modification of any other provision of the Declaration or By-laws inconsistent with this Article, shall be prospective only, to the extent that such repeal, or modification would, if applied retrospectively, adversely affect any
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limitation on the liability of any Covered Person or indemnification available to any Covered Person with respect to any act or omission which occurred prior to such repeal, modification or adoption.
In addition, the Registrant has entered into an Investment Advisory Agreement with its Investment Advisor and a Distribution Agreement with its Distributor. These agreements provide indemnification for those entities and their affiliates. The Investment Advisor’s and Distributor’s personnel may serve as trustees and officers of the Trust. The Investment Advisory Agreement with the Fund provides that the Investment Advisor will not be liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss suffered by the Fund, except a loss resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on the part of the Investment Advisor or from reckless disregard by the Investment Advisor of its obligations or duties under the Agreement. Under the Distribution Agreement, the Registrant will indemnify ALPS Distributors, Inc. against certain liabilities.
Insofar as indemnification for liability arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“Act”), may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant by the Registrant pursuant to the Trust Instrument or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by trustees, officers or controlling persons of the Registrant in connection with the successful defense of any act, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such trustees, officers or controlling persons in connection with the shares being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issues.
Trustees and officers liability policies purchased by the Registrant insure the Registrant and their respective trustees, partners, officers and employees, subject to the policies’ coverage limits and exclusions and varying deductibles, against loss resulting from claims by reason of any act, error, omission, misstatement, misleading statement, neglect or breach of duty.
Item 31. Business and Other Connections of Investment Advisor .
The description of the Investment Advisor is found under the caption “Service Providers—Investment Advisor” in the Prospectus and under the caption “Management Services—Investment Advisor” in the Statement of Additional Information constituting Parts A and B, respectively, of this Registration Statement, which are incorporated by reference herein. The Investment Advisor provides investment advisory services to other persons or entities other than the Registrant.
Item 32. Principal Underwriters .
(a) ALPS Distributors, Inc. acts as the distributor for the Registrant and the following investment companies: 1290 Funds, 13D Activist Fund, ALPS Series Trust, Arbitrage Funds, AQR Funds, Babson Capital Funds Trust, BBH Trust, BLDRS Index Funds Trust, Broadview Funds Trust, Brown Management Funds, Caldwell & Orkin Funds, Inc., Campbell Multi- Strategy Trust, Centaur Mutual Funds Trust, Centre Funds, Century Capital Management Trust, Columbia ETF Trust, CornerCap Group of Funds, Cortina Funds, Inc., CRM Mutual Fund Trust, CSOP ETF Trust, Cullen Funds, DBX ETF TRUST, db-X Exchange-Traded Funds Inc., ETFS Trust, EGA Emerging Global Shares Trust, EGA Frontier Diversified Core Fund, Firsthand Funds, Goldman Sachs ETF Trust, Griffin Institutional Access Real Estate Fund, Heartland Group, Inc., Henssler Funds, Inc., Holland Balanced Fund, IndexIQ Trust, Index IQ ETF Trust, ISI Strategy Fund, James Advantage Funds, Lattice Strategies Trust, Laudus Trust, Laudus Institutional Trust, Litman Gregory Funds Trust, Longleaf Partners Funds Trust, Mairs & Power Funds Trust, Managed Municipal Fund, North American Government Bond Fund, Oak Associates Funds, Pax World Series Trust I, Pax World Funds Trust III, PowerShares QQQ 100 Trust Series 1, Reality Shares EFT Trust, Resource Real Estate Diversified Income Fund, RiverNorth Funds, Russell Exchange
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Traded Funds Trust, Smead Funds Trust, SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Trust, SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust, SPDR S&P MidCap 400 ETF Trust, Stadion Investment Trust, Stone Harbor Investment Funds, Total Return US Treasury Fund, Transparent Value Trust, USCF ETF Trust, Wakefield Alternative Series Trust, Wasatch Funds, WesMark Funds, Westcore Trust, Whitebox Mutual Funds, Williams Capital Liquid Assets Fund, Wilmington Funds and WisdomTree Trust.
To the best of Registrant’s knowledge, the directors and executive officers of ALPS Distributors, Inc., are as follows:
Name* | Position with Underwriter | Positions with Fund |
Edmund J. Burke | Director | None |
Jeremy O. May | President, Director | None |
Thomas A. Carter | Executive Vice President, Director | None |
Bradley J. Swenson | Senior Vice President, Chief Compliance Officer | None |
Robert J. Szydlowski | Senior Vice President, Chief Technology Officer | None |
Aisha J. Hunt | Senior Vice President, General Counsel, and Assistant Secretary | None |
Eric T. Parsons | Vice President, Controller and Assistant Treasurer | None |
Randall D. Young** | Secretary | None |
Gregg Wm. Givens** | Vice President, Treasurer and Assistant Secretary | None |
Douglas W. Fleming** | Assistant Treasurer | None |
Steven Price | Vice President, Deputy Chief Compliance Officer | None |
Liza Orr | Vice President, Attorney | None |
Taylor Ames | Vice President, PowerShares | None |
Troy A. Duran | Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer | None |
James Stegall | Vice President | None |
Gary Ross | Senior Vice President | None |
Kevin Ireland | Senior Vice President | None |
Mark Kiniry | Senior Vice President | None |
Tison Cory | Vice President, Intermediary Operations | None |
Hilary Quinn | Vice President | None |
Jennifer Craig | Assistant Vice President | None |
* Except as otherwise noted, the principal business address for each of the above directors and executive officers is 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203.
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** The principal business address for Messrs. Young, Givens and Fleming is 333 W. 11th Street, 5th Floor, Kansas City, Missouri 64105.
* This list does not serve as an admission that the Trust considers all of these persons listed to be officers of investment companies having the same Investment Advisor or Distributor or having an Investment Advisor or Distributor that directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by or is under common control with the Investment Advisor or Distributor.
Item 33. Location of Accounts and Records .
All accounts, books and other documents required by Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the rules thereunder are maintained at:
IndexIQ Advisors LLC
800 Westchester Avenue, Suite S-710
Rye Brook, NY 10573
The Bank of New York Mellon
One Wall Street
New York, NY 10286
ALPS Distributors, Inc.
1625 Broadway, Suite 2200
Denver, CO 80202
Item 34. Management Services
Not applicable.
Item 35. Undertakings
Not applicable.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant has duly caused this Post-Effective Amendment No. 94 to the Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Rye Brook, and State of New York on this 11th day of January, 2017.
INDEXIQ ETF TRUST | ||
By: | /s/ Adam S. Patti | |
Adam S. Patti | ||
President |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the date indicated.
Name | Title | Date |
/s/ Reena Aggarwal* | Trustee | January 11, 2017 |
Reena Aggarwal | ||
/s/ Michael A. Pignataro* | Trustee | January 11, 2017 |
Michael A. Pignataro | ||
/s/ Paul D. Schaeffer* | Trustee | January 11, 2017 |
Paul D. Schaeffer | ||
/s/ Adam S. Patti | Chairman, Trustee | January 11, 2017 |
Adam S. Patti | President and Principal | |
Executive Officer | ||
/s/ David L. Fogel | Treasurer, Principal Financial | January 11, 2017 |
David L. Fogel | Officer, and Principal Accounting | |
Officer | ||
/s/ David L. Fogel * | ||
David L. Fogel, Attorney-in-fact |
* PURSUANT TO POWERS OF ATTORNEY PREVIOUSLY FILED
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EXHIBIT LIST
(d)(3) | Sub-Advisory Agreement between Advisor and MacKay Shields LLC for IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF. |
(h)(5) | Sub-License Agreement between IndexIQ ETF Trust and IndexIQ Advisors LLC. |
(h)(6) | Expense Limitation Agreement between IndexIQ ETF Trust and the Investment Adviser. |
(i) | Opinion and Consent of Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP regarding the legality of securities registered with respect to the Registrant. |
(p)(3) | Code of Ethics of MacKay Shields LLC. |
(q) | Powers of Attorney executed by Reena Aggarwal, Adam S. Patti, Michael A. Pignataro and Paul D. Schaeffer. |
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Exhibit (d)(3)
INDEXIQ ETF TRUST
SUBADVISORY AGREEMENT
This Subadvisory Agreement, made as of the ___ day of January, 2017 (the “Agreement”), between IndexIQ Advisors LLC a Delaware limited liability company (the “Advisor”) and MacKay Shields LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Subadvisor”).
WHEREAS, the IndexIQ ETF Trust (the “Trust”) is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), as an open-end, management investment company; and
WHEREAS, the Trust is authorized to issue separate series, each of which may offer a separate class of shares of beneficial interest, each series having its own investment objective or objectives, policies and limitations; and
WHEREAS, the Trust currently offers shares in multiple series, may offer shares of additional series in the future, and intends to offer shares of additional series in the future; and
WHEREAS, the Advisor entered into an Investment Advisory Agreement dated April 15, 2015 with the Trust, on behalf of its series, as amended; and
WHEREAS, under the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Advisor has agreed to provide certain investment advisory and related administrative services to the Trust; and
WHEREAS, the Investment Advisory Agreement permits the Advisor to delegate certain of its investment advisory duties under the Investment Advisory Agreement to one or more subadvisors; and
WHEREAS, the Advisor wishes to retain the Subadvisor to furnish certain investment advisory services to one or more of the series of the Trust and manage such portion of the Trust as the Advisor shall from time to time direct, and the Subadvisor is willing to furnish such services;
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the promises and mutual covenants herein contained, it is agreed between the Advisor and the Subadvisor as follows:
1. Appointment. The Advisor hereby appoints MacKay Shields LLC to act as Subadvisor to the series designated on Schedule A of this Agreement (the “Series”) with respect to all or a portion of the assets of such Series (“Allocated Assets”), subject to such written instructions, including any redesignation of Allocated Assets and supervision as the Advisor may from time to time furnish for the periods and on the terms set forth in this Agreement. The Subadvisor accepts such appointment and agrees to furnish the services herein set forth for the compensation herein provided.
In the event the Trust designates one or more series other than the Series with respect to which the Advisor wishes to retain the Subadvisor to render investment advisory services hereunder, it shall notify the Subadvisor in writing. If the Subadvisor is willing to render such
services, it shall notify the Advisor in writing, whereupon such series shall become a Series hereunder, and be subject to this Agreement, and Schedule A shall be revised accordingly.
2. Subadvisor Duties. Subject to the supervision of the Trust’s Board of Trustees (“Board”) and the Advisor, the Subadvisor will provide a continuous investment program for the Series’ Allocated Assets and determine the composition of the assets of the Series’ Allocated Assets, including determination of the purchase, retention or sale of the securities, cash and other investments (including but not limited to treasury and interest rate futures, and credit default swaps) contained in the portfolio. The Subadvisor will conduct investment research and conduct a continuous program of evaluation, investment, sales and reinvestment of the Series’ Allocated Assets by determining the securities and other investments that shall be purchased, entered into, sold, closed or exchanged for the Series, when these transactions should be executed, and what portion of the Allocated Assets of the Series should be held in the various securities and other investments in which it may invest, and the Subadvisor is hereby authorized to execute and perform such services on behalf of the Series. The Subadvisor shall determine and make such modifications to the identity and number of shares of the securities and/or amount of cash required for a Creation Unit (as defined in the Fund’s Prospectus) of a Series, and may give directions to the Trust’s custodian with respect to such determinations. The Subadvisor will provide the services under this Agreement in accordance with the Series’ investment objective or objectives, policies and restrictions as stated in the Trust’s Registration Statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), as amended, copies of which shall be delivered to the Subadvisor by the Advisor.
The Subadvisor shall provide the following exchange-traded fund-related services, at times to be mutually agreed upon by the Advisor and Subadvisor: (i) provide data used to construct the Indicative Optimized Portfolio Value (“IOPV”) to the vendor designated by the Advisor, provided, that all agreements with the vendor shall be between the Advisor and the vendor, and the Subadvisor shall not be involved in or responsible for any aspect of the calculation or dissemination of the IOPVs and make no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the IOPV; (ii) prepare portfolio composition files (“PCF”); (iii) provide PCF and Fund holdings files to the Advisor; (iv) provide assistance in facilitating certain order types as may be mutually agreed to between the Advisor and the Subadvisor, including the processing of orders received from an order taker designated by the Advisor; and (v) facilitate any required communications to the National Securities Clearing Corporation related to the PCF, including, but not limited to informing the NSCC of a late PCF.
The Subadvisor further agrees as follows:
(a) The Subadvisor understands that the Allocated Assets of the Series need to be managed so as to permit the Series to qualify or continue to qualify as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code (“Code”), and will coordinate efforts with the Advisor with that objective.
(b) The Subadvisor will conform with any applicable procedures adopted by the Trust’s Board of which a copy has been delivered to the Subadvisor, and the provisions of the Registration Statement of the Trust under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”) of which a copy has been delivered to the Subadvisor. The Subadvisor will also conform with the 1940 Act, as supplemented or amended, and all rules and regulations thereunder, provided that the Advisor shall continually inform the
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Subadvisor on rules and regulations related to exchange traded funds specific to the Series, and the Subadvisor is entitled to rely upon guidance and/or interpretations provided by the Advisor regarding rules and regulations related to exchange traded funds specific to the Series.
(c) On occasions when the Subadvisor deems the purchase or sale of a security to be in the best interest of the Series as well as of other investment advisory clients of the Subadvisor or any of its affiliates, the Subadvisor may, to the extent permitted by applicable laws and regulations, but shall not be obligated to, aggregate the securities to be so sold or purchased with those of its other clients where such aggregation is not inconsistent with the policies set forth in the Registration Statement. In such event, allocation of the securities so purchased or sold, as well as the expenses incurred in the transaction, will be made by the Subadvisor in a manner that, over time, is fair and equitable in the judgment of the Subadvisor in the exercise of its fiduciary obligations to the Trust and to such other clients, subject to review by the Advisor and the Board. The Advisor recognizes that in some cases this procedure may adversely affect the results obtained for the Series or Trust.
(d) In connection with the purchase and sale of securities for the Series, the Subadvisor will arrange for the transmission to the custodian and portfolio accounting agent for the Series, on a daily basis, such confirmation, trade tickets and other documents and information, including, but not limited to, CUSIP, Sedol or other numbers that identify securities to be purchased or sold on behalf of the Series, as may be reasonably necessary to enable the custodian and portfolio accounting agent to perform their administrative and recordkeeping responsibilities with respect to the Series. With respect to portfolio securities to be purchased or sold through the Depository Trust and Clearing Corporation, the Subadvisor will arrange for the automatic transmission of the confirmation of such trades to the Trust’s custodian and portfolio accounting agent.
(e) The Subadvisor will assist the custodian and portfolio accounting agent for the Trust in determining or confirming, consistent with the procedures and policies stated in the Registration Statement for the Trust, the value of any portfolio securities or other Allocated Assets of the Series for which the custodian and portfolio accounting agent seek assistance from, or which they identify for review by, the Subadvisor.
(f) The Subadvisor will make available to the Trust and the Advisor, promptly upon request, all of the Series’ investment records and ledgers maintained by the Subadvisor (which shall not include the records and ledgers maintained by the custodian or portfolio accounting agent for the Trust) as are necessary to assist the Trust and the Advisor to comply with requirements of the 1940 Act and the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”), as well as other applicable laws. The Subadvisor will furnish to regulatory agencies having the requisite authority any information or reports in connection with such services that may be requested in order to ascertain whether the operations of the Trust are being conducted in a manner consistent with applicable laws and regulations.
(g) The Subadvisor will provide reports to the Trust’s Board, for consideration at meetings of the Board, on the investment program for the Series and the issuers and securities represented in the Series’ Allocated Assets, and will furnish the
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Trust’s Board with respect to the Series such periodic and special reports as the Trustees and the Advisor may reasonably request.
(h) In rendering the services required under this Agreement, the Subadvisor may, from time to time, employ or associate with itself such entity, entities, person or persons as it believes necessary to assist it in carrying out its obligations under this Agreement. The Subadvisor may not, however, retain as subadvisor any company that would be an “investment adviser” as that term is defined in the 1940 Act, to the Series unless the contract with such company is approved by a majority of the Trust’s Board and by a majority of Trustees who are not parties to any agreement or contract with such company and who are not “interested persons” as defined in the 1940 Act, of the Trust, the Advisor, the Subadvisor or any such company that is retained as subadvisor, and also is approved by the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the applicable Series of the Trust to the extent required by the 1940 Act. The Subadvisor shall be responsible for making reasonable inquiries and for reasonably ensuring that any employee of the Subadvisor, any subadvisor that the Subadvisor has employed or with which it has associated with respect to the Series, or any employee thereof has not, to the best of the Subadvisor’s knowledge, in any material connection with the handling of Trust assets:
(i) been convicted, within the last ten (10) years, of any felony or misdemeanor arising out of conduct involving embezzlement, fraudulent conversion or misappropriation of funds or securities, involving violations of Sections 1341, 1342, or 1343 of Title 18, United States Code, or involving the purchase or sale of any security; or
(ii) been found by any state regulatory authority, within the last ten (10) years, to have violated or to have acknowledged violation of any provision of any state insurance law involving fraud, deceit or knowing misrepresentation; or
(iii) been found by any federal or state regulatory authorities, within the last ten (10) years, to have violated or to have acknowledged violation of any provision of federal or state securities laws involving fraud, deceit or knowing misrepresentation.
(i) The Subadvisor is authorized to retain legal counsel and financial advisors and to negotiate and execute documentation relating to investments in the Allocated Assets or Series, at the expense of the Allocated Assets or Series. Such documentation may relate to investments to be made or sold, currently held or previously held. The authority shall include, without limitation: (i) documentation relating to private placements and bank debt; (ii) waivers, consents, amendments or other modifications relating to investments; and (iii) purchase agreements, sales agreements, commitment letters, pricing letters, registration rights agreements, indemnities and contributions, escrow agreements and other investment related agreements. Advisor represents that the Allocated Assets or Series can settle such private placements.
3. Compensation. For the services provided and the expenses assumed pursuant to this Agreement, the Advisor shall pay the Subadvisor as compensation therefor, a fee equal to the percentage of the Allocated Assets constituting the respective Series’ average daily net assets
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as described in the attached Schedule A. Liability for payment of compensation by the Advisor to the Subadvisor under this Agreement is contingent upon the Advisor’s receipt of payment from the Trust for management services described under the Investment Advisory Agreement between the Trust and the Advisor. Expense caps or fee waivers for the Series that may be agreed to by the Advisor, but not agreed to in writing by the Subadvisor, shall not cause a reduction in the amount of the payment to the Subadvisor.
4. Broker-Dealer Selection. The Subadvisor is responsible for decisions to buy and sell securities and other investments for the Series’ Allocated Assets, for broker-dealer selection and for negotiation of brokerage commission rates. The Subadvisor’s primary consideration in effecting a security transaction will be to obtain the best execution for the Series, taking into account the factors specified in the Prospectus and/or Statement of Additional Information for the Trust, which include the following: price (including the applicable brokerage commission or dollar spread); the size of the order; the nature of the market for the security; the timing of the transaction; the reputation, experience and financial stability of the broker-dealer involved; the quality of the service; the difficulty of execution, and the execution capabilities and operational facilities of the firm involved; and the firm’s risk in positioning a block of securities. Accordingly, the price to the Series in any transaction may be less favorable than that available from another broker-dealer if the difference is reasonably justified, in the judgment of the Subadvisor in the exercise of its fiduciary obligations to the Trust, by other aspects of the portfolio execution services offered.
5. Disclosure about Subadvisor. The Subadvisor has reviewed the post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement for the Trust filed with the SEC that contains disclosure about the Subadvisor and represents and warrants that, with respect to the disclosure about the Subadvisor or information relating directly or indirectly to the Subadvisor, such Registration Statement contains, as of the date hereof, no untrue statement of any material fact and does not omit any statement of a material fact which was required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements contained therein not misleading. The Subadvisor further represents and warrants that it is a duly registered investment adviser under the Advisers Act and has notice filed in all states in which the Subadvisor is required to make such filings.
6. Expenses. During the term of this Agreement, the Subadvisor will pay all expenses incurred by it and its staff for their activities in connection with its portfolio management duties under this Agreement. The Advisor or the Trust shall be responsible for all the expenses of the Trust’s operations, including, but not limited to:
(a) the fees and expenses of Trustees who are not interested persons of the Advisor or of the Trust;
(b) the fees and expenses of each Series which relate to: (i) the custodial function and recordkeeping connected therewith; (ii) the maintenance of the required accounting records of the Series not being maintained by the Advisor; (iii) the pricing of the Series’ shares, including the cost of any pricing service or services that may be retained pursuant to the authorization of the Trustees of the Trust; and (iv) for both mail and wire orders, the cashiering function in connection with the issuance and redemption of the Series’ shares;
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(c) the fees and expenses of the Trust’s transfer and dividend disbursing agent, that may be the custodian, which relate to the maintenance of each shareholder account;
(d) the charges and expenses of legal counsel and independent accountants for the Trust;
(e) brokers’ commissions and any issue or transfer taxes chargeable to the Trust in connection with its securities transactions on behalf of the Series;
(f) all taxes and business fees payable by the Trust or the Series to federal, state or other governmental agencies;
(g) the fees of any trade association of which the Trust may be a member;
(h) the cost of share certificates representing the Series’ shares;
(i) the fees and expenses involved in registering and maintaining registrations of the Trust and of its Series with the SEC, registering the Trust as a broker or dealer and qualifying its shares under state securities laws, including the preparation and printing of the Trust’s registration statements and prospectuses for filing under federal and state securities laws for such purposes;
(j) allocable communications expenses with respect to investor services and all expenses of shareholders’ and Trustees’ meetings and of preparing, printing and mailing reports to shareholders in the amount necessary for distribution to the shareholders;
(k) litigation, indemnification expenses and extraordinary expenses whether or not incurred in the ordinary course of the Trust’s business; and
(l) any expenses assumed by the Series pursuant to a Plan of Distribution adopted in conformity with Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act.
7. Compliance.
(a) The Subadvisor agrees to assist the Advisor and the Trust in complying with the Trust’s obligations under Rule 38a-1 under the 1940 Act, including but not limited to: (i) periodically providing the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer with requested information about and independent third-party reports (if available) in connection with the Subadvisor’s compliance program adopted pursuant to Rule 206(4)-7 under the Advisers Act (“Subadvisor’s Compliance Program”); (ii) reporting any material deficiencies in the Subadvisor’s Compliance Program to the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer within a reasonable time following the Subadvisor becoming aware of such deficiency; and (iii) reporting any material changes to the Subadvisor’s Compliance Program to the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer within a reasonable time. The Subadvisor understands that the Board is required to approve the Subadvisor’s Compliance Program on at least an annual basis, and acknowledges that this Agreement is conditioned upon the Board’ approval of the Subadvisor’s Compliance Program.
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(b) The Subadvisor agrees that it shall immediately notify the Advisor and the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer: (i) in the event that the SEC has censured the Subadvisor, placed limitations upon its activities, functions or operations, suspended or revoked its registration as an investment adviser or commenced proceedings or an investigation that may result in any of these actions; or (ii) upon having a reasonable basis for believing that the Series has ceased to qualify or might not qualify as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code. The Subadvisor further agrees to notify the Advisor immediately of any material fact known to the Subadvisor about the Subadvisor that is not contained in the Registration Statement or prospectus for the Trust, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or upon the Subadvisor becoming aware of any statement contained therein about the Subadvisor that becomes untrue in any material respect.
(c) The Advisor agrees that it shall immediately notify the Subadvisor: (i) in the event that the SEC has censured the Advisor or the Trust, placed limitations upon either of their activities, functions or operations, suspended or revoked the Advisor’s registration as an investment adviser or commenced proceedings or an investigation that may result in any of these actions; or (ii) upon having a reasonable basis for believing that the Series has ceased to qualify or might not qualify as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code.
8. Documents. The Advisor has delivered to the Subadvisor copies of each of the following documents and will deliver to it all future amendments and supplements, if any:
(a) Declaration of Trust of the Trust, as amended from time to time, as filed with the Secretary of the State of Delaware (such Declaration of Trust, as in effect on the date hereof and as amended from time to time, are herein called the “Declaration of Trust”);
(b) By-Laws of the Trust, as amended from time to time (such By-Laws, as in effect on the date hereof and as amended from time to time, are herein called the “By-Laws”);
(c) Certified Resolutions of the Trustees of the Trust authorizing the appointment of the Subadvisor and approving the form of this Agreement;
(d) Registration Statement under the 1940 Act and the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, on Form N-lA, as filed with the SEC relating to the Series and the Series’ shares, and all amendments thereto;
(e) Notification of Registration of the Trust under the 1940 Act on Form N-8A, as filed with the SEC, and all amendments thereto;
(f) Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information of the Series;
(g) Advisor’s Proxy Voting Policy; and
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(h) Procedures adopted by the Trust’s Board which the Subadvisor is required to comply with.
9. Books and Records. In compliance with the requirements of Rule 31a-3 under the 1940 Act, the Subadvisor hereby agrees that all records that it maintains for the Series are the property of the Trust and further agrees to surrender promptly to the Trust any of such records upon the Trust’s or the Advisor’s request; provided, however, that the Subadvisor may, at its own expense, make and retain a copy of such records. The Subadvisor further agrees to preserve for the periods prescribed by Rule 31a-2 under the 1940 Act the records required to be maintained by Rule 31a-l under the 1940 Act and to preserve the records required by Rule 204-2 under the Advisers Act for the period specified in the Rule.
10. Cooperation. Each party to this Agreement agrees to cooperate with each other party and with all appropriate governmental authorities having the requisite jurisdiction (including, but not limited to, the SEC) in connection with any investigation or inquiry relating to this Agreement or the Trust.
11. Representations Respecting Subadvisor. The Advisor and the Trust agree that neither the Trust, the Advisor, nor affiliated persons of the Trust or the Advisor shall, except with the prior permission of the Subadvisor, give any information or make any representations or statements in connection with the sale of shares of the Series concerning the Subadvisor or the Series other than the information or representations contained in the Registration Statement, Prospectus or Statement of Additional Information for the Trust shares, as they may be amended or supplemented from time to time, or in reports or proxy statements for the Trust, or in sales literature or other promotional material approved in advance by the Subadvisor. The parties agree that, in the event that the Advisor or an affiliated person of the Advisor sends sales literature or other promotional material to the Subadvisor for its approval and the Subadvisor has not commented within five (5) business days, the Advisor and its affiliated persons may use and distribute such sales literature or other promotional material, although, in such event, the Subadvisor shall not be deemed to have approved of the contents of such sales literature or other promotional material.
12. Confidentiality. The Subadvisor will treat as proprietary and confidential any information obtained in connection with its duties hereunder, including all records and information pertaining to the Series and their prior, present or potential shareholders, unless required by law. The Subadvisor will not use such information for any purpose other than the performance of its responsibilities and duties hereunder. Such information may not be disclosed except after prior notification to and approval in writing by the Series or if such disclosure is expressly required or requested by applicable federal or state regulatory authorities or otherwise required by law.
13. Control. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Agreement, it is understood and agreed that the Advisor shall at all times retain the ultimate responsibility for and control of all functions performed pursuant to this Agreement, and reserves the right to direct, approve or disapprove any action hereunder taken on its behalf by the Subadvisor.
14. Liability. Except as may otherwise be required by the 1940 Act or the rules thereunder or other applicable law, the Trust and the Advisor agree that the Subadvisor, any affiliated person of the Subadvisor, and each person, if any, who, within the meaning of Section
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15 of the 1933 Act controls the Subadvisor, shall not be liable for, or subject to any damages, expenses or losses in connection with, any act or omission connected with or arising out of any services rendered under this Agreement, except by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of the Subadvisor’s duties, or by reason of reckless disregard of the Subadvisor’s obligations and duties under this Agreement.
Nothing in this section shall be deemed a limitation or waiver of any obligation or duty that may not by law be limited or waived.
15. Indemnification.
(a) The Advisor agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Subadvisor, any affiliated person of the Subadvisor, and each person, if any, who, within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act controls (“controlling person”) the Subadvisor (all of such persons being referred to as “Subadvisor Indemnified Persons”) against any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities or litigation (including legal and other expenses) to which a Subadvisor Indemnified Person may become subject under the 1933 Act, the 1940 Act, the Advisers Act, the Internal Revenue Code, under any other statute, at common law or otherwise, arising out of the Advisor’s responsibilities to the Trust, which: (i) may be based upon any willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of the Advisor’s duties or reckless disregard of the Advisor’s obligations and duties under this Agreement, or by any of its employees or representatives or any affiliate of or any person acting on behalf of the Advisor, or (ii) may be based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact supplied by, or which is the responsibility of, the Advisor and contained in the Registration Statement or Prospectus covering shares of the Trust or a Series, or any amendment thereof or any supplement thereto, or the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact known or which should have been known to the Advisor and was required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, unless such statement or omission was made in reliance upon information furnished to the Advisor, the Trust or to any affiliated person of the Advisor by a Subadvisor Indemnified Person; provided, however, that in no case shall the indemnity in favor of the Subadvisor Indemnified Person be deemed to protect such person against any liability to which any such person would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of its duties, or by reason of its reckless disregard of obligations and duties under this Agreement.
(b) Notwithstanding Section 14 of this Agreement, the Subadvisor agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Advisor, any affiliated person of the Advisor, and each person, if any, who, within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act, controls (“controlling person”) the Advisor (all of such persons being referred to as “Advisor Indemnified Persons”) against any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities or litigation (including legal and other expenses) to which a Advisor Indemnified Person may become subject under the 1933 Act, 1940 Act, the Advisers Act, the Internal Revenue Code, under any other statute, at common law or otherwise, arising out of the Subadvisor’s responsibilities as Subadvisor of the Series, which: (i) may be based upon any willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of the Subadvisor’s duties, or by reason of reckless disregard of the Subadvisor’s obligations and duties under this Agreement, or by any of its employees or representatives, or any affiliate of or any
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person acting on behalf of the Subadvisor; (ii) may be based upon a failure by the Subadvisor to comply with Section 2, Paragraph (a) of this Agreement; or (iii) may be based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement or Prospectus covering the shares of the Trust or a Series, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact known or which should have been known to the Subadvisor and was required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, if such a statement or omission was made in reliance upon information furnished to the Advisor, the Trust or any affiliated person of the Advisor or Trust by the Subadvisor; provided, however, that in no case shall the indemnity in favor of a Advisor Indemnified Person be deemed to protect such person against any liability to which any such person would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of its duties, or by reason of its reckless disregard of its obligations and duties under this Agreement. For the avoidance of doubt, the Subadvisor shall not be deemed to have acted with willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence where (i) the Subadvisor follows the instructions of the Advisor or complies with procedures provided to it by the Advisor, (ii) the Advisor fails to keep the Subadvisor continually informed of rules and regulations related to exchange traded funds specific to the Series, or (iii) the Subadvisor relies on guidance and/or interpretations provided by the Advisor regarding rules and regulations related to exchange traded funds specific to the Series.
(c) The Advisor shall not be liable under Paragraph (a) of this Section 15 with respect to any claim made against a Subadvisor Indemnified Person unless such Subadvisor Indemnified Person shall have notified the Advisor in writing within a reasonable time after the summons, notice or other first legal process or notice giving information of the nature of the claim shall have been served upon such Subadvisor Indemnified Person (or after such Subadvisor Indemnified Person shall have received notice of such service on any designated agent), but failure to notify the Advisor of any such claim shall not relieve the Advisor from any liability that it may have to the Subadvisor Indemnified Person against whom such action is brought otherwise than on account of this Section 15. In case any such action is brought against the Subadvisor Indemnified Person, the Advisor will be entitled to participate, at its own expense, in the defense thereof or, after notice to the Subadvisor Indemnified Person, to assume the defense thereof, with counsel satisfactory to the Subadvisor Indemnified Person. If the Advisor assumes the defense of any such action and the selection of counsel by the Advisor to represent both the Advisor and the Subadvisor Indemnified Person would result in a conflict of interest and, therefore, would not, in the reasonable judgment of the Subadvisor Indemnified Person, adequately represent the interests of the Subadvisor Indemnified Person, the Advisor will, at its own expense, assume the defense with counsel to the Advisor and, also at its own expense, with separate counsel to the Subadvisor Indemnified Person, which counsel shall be satisfactory to the Advisor and to the Subadvisor Indemnified Person. The Subadvisor Indemnified Person shall bear the fees and expenses of any additional counsel retained by it, and the Advisor shall not be liable to the Subadvisor Indemnified Person under this Agreement for any legal or other expenses subsequently incurred by the Subadvisor Indemnified Person independently in connection with the defense thereof other than reasonable costs of investigation. The Advisor shall not have the right to compromise on or settle the litigation without the prior written consent of the Subadvisor Indemnified Person if the compromise or settlement
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results, or may result, in a finding of wrongdoing on the part of the Subadvisor Indemnified Person.
(d) The Subadvisor shall not be liable under Paragraph (b) of this Section 15 with respect to any claim made against a Advisor Indemnified Person unless such Advisor Indemnified Person shall have notified the Subadvisor in writing within a reasonable time after the summons, notice or other first legal process or notice giving information of the nature of the claim shall have been served upon such Advisor Indemnified Person (or after such Advisor Indemnified Person shall have received notice of such service on any designated agent), but failure to notify the Subadvisor of any such claim shall not relieve the Subadvisor from any liability that it may have to the Advisor Indemnified Person against whom such action is brought otherwise than on account of this Section 15. In case any such action is brought against the Advisor Indemnified Person, the Subadvisor will be entitled to participate, at its own expense, in the defense thereof or, after notice to the Advisor Indemnified Person, to assume the defense thereof, with counsel satisfactory to the Advisor Indemnified Person. If the Subadvisor assumes the defense of any such action and the selection of counsel by the Subadvisor to represent both the Subadvisor and the Advisor Indemnified Person would result in a conflict of interest and, therefore, would not, in the reasonable judgment of the Advisor Indemnified Person, adequately represent the interests of the Advisor Indemnified Person, the Subadvisor will, at its own expense, assume the defense with counsel to the Subadvisor and, also at its own expense, with separate counsel to the Advisor Indemnified Person, which counsel shall be satisfactory to the Subadvisor and to the Advisor Indemnified Person. The Advisor Indemnified Person shall bear the fees and expenses of any additional counsel retained by it, and the Subadvisor shall not be liable to the Advisor Indemnified Person under this Agreement for any legal or other expenses subsequently incurred by the Advisor Indemnified Person independently in connection with the defense thereof other than reasonable costs of investigation. The Subadvisor shall not have the right to compromise on or settle the litigation without the prior written consent of the Advisor Indemnified Person if the compromise or settlement results, or may result, in a finding of wrongdoing on the part of the Advisor Indemnified Person.
16. Services Not Exclusive. The services furnished by the Subadvisor hereunder are not to be deemed exclusive, and except as the Subadvisor may otherwise agree in writing, the Subadvisor shall be free to furnish similar services to others so long as its services under this Agreement are not impaired thereby. Nothing in this Agreement shall limit or restrict the right of any director, officer or employee of the Subadvisor, who may also be a Trustee, officer or employee of the Trust, to engage in any other business or to devote his or her time and attention in part to the management or other aspects of any other business, whether of a similar nature or a dissimilar nature.
17. Duration and Termination. This Agreement shall become effective on the date first indicated above. Unless terminated as provided herein, the Agreement shall remain in full force and effect for an initial period of two (2) years from the date first indicated above when following a shareholder approval, and otherwise a period of one (1) year, and continue on an annual basis thereafter with respect to the Series, provided that such continuance is specifically approved each year by: (a) the vote of a majority of the entire Board or by the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Series; and (b) the vote of a majority of those Trustees who are not parties to this Agreement or interested persons (as such
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term is defined in the 1940 Act) of any such party to this Agreement cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval. Any approval of this Agreement by the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares (as defined in the 1940 Act) of a Series shall be effective to continue this Agreement with respect to the Series notwithstanding: (i) that this Agreement has not been approved by the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of any other Series; or (ii) that this Agreement has not been approved by the vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Trust, unless such approval shall be required by any other applicable law or otherwise. Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Agreement may be terminated for each or any Series hereunder: (A) by the Advisor at any time without penalty, upon sixty (60) days’ written notice to the Subadvisor and the Trust; (B) at any time without payment of any penalty by the Trust, upon the vote of a majority of the Trust’s Board or a majority of the outstanding voting securities of each Series, upon sixty (60) days’ written notice to the Advisor and the Subadvisor; or (C) by the Subadvisor at any time without penalty, upon sixty (60) days’ written notice to the Advisor and the Trust. In the event of termination for any reason, all records of each Series for which the Agreement is terminated shall promptly be returned to the Advisor or the Trust, free from any claim or retention of rights in such record by the Subadvisor; provided, however, that the Subadvisor may, at its own expense, make and retain a copy of such records. The Agreement shall automatically terminate in the event of its assignment (as such term is described in the 1940 Act) or in the event the Investment Advisory Agreement between the Advisor and the Trust is assigned or terminates for any other reason. In the event this Agreement is terminated or is not approved in the manner described above, the Sections numbered 2(f), 9, 10, 12, 14, 15 and 19 of this Agreement shall remain in effect, as well as any applicable provision of this Section 17.
18. Amendments. No provision of this Agreement may be changed, waived, discharged or terminated orally, but only by an instrument in writing signed by the party against which enforcement of the change, waiver, discharge or termination is sought, and no material amendment of this Agreement shall be effective until approved by an affirmative vote of: (i) the holders of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Series; and (ii) the Trustees of the Trust, including a majority of the Trustees of the Trust who are not interested persons of any party to this Agreement, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval, if such approval is required by applicable law.
19. Use of Name.
(a) It is understood that the name IndexIQ or any derivative thereof or logo associated with that name is the valuable property of the Advisor and/or its affiliates, and that the Subadvisor has the right to use such name (or derivative or logo) only with the approval of the Advisor and only so long as the Advisor is Advisor to the Trust and/or the Series. Upon termination of the Investment Advisory Agreement between the Trust and the Advisor, the Subadvisor shall forthwith cease to use such name (or derivative or logo).
(b) It is understood that the name MacKay Shields LLC or any derivative thereof or logo associated with that name is the valuable property of the Subadvisor and its affiliates and that the Trust and/or the Series have the right to use such name (or derivative or logo) in offering materials of the Trust or sales materials with respect to the Trust with the approval of the Subadvisor and for so long as the Subadvisor is a
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Subadvisor to the Trust and/or the Series. Upon termination of this Agreement, the Trust shall forthwith cease to use such name (or derivative or logo).
20. Proxies; Class Actions.
(a) The Advisor has provided the Subadvisor a copy of the Advisor’s Proxy Voting Policy, setting forth the policy that proxies be voted for the exclusive benefit and in the best interests of the Trust. Absent contrary instructions received in writing from the Trust, the Subadvisor will vote all proxies solicited by or with respect to the issuers of securities held by the Series in accordance with applicable fiduciary obligations. The Subadvisor shall maintain records concerning how it has voted proxies on behalf of the Trust, and these records shall be available to the Trust upon request.
(b) Advisor acknowledges and agrees that the Subadvisor shall not be responsible for taking any action or rendering advice with respect to any class action claim relating to any assets held in the Allocated Assets or Series. Advisor will instruct the applicable service providers not to forward to the Subadvisor any information concerning such actions. The Subadvisor will, however, forward to Advisor any information it receives regarding any legal matters involving any asset held in the Allocated Assets or Series.
21. Notice. Any notice or other communication required to be given pursuant to this Agreement shall be deemed duly given if delivered or mailed by registered mail, postage prepaid, (1) to the Advisor at 800 Westchester Avenue, Suite S-710, Rye Brook, New York 10573, Attention: President, with a copy to the Office of the General Counsel; or (2) to the Subadvisor at 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10105, Attention: Chairman, with a copy to the Legal Department.
22. Miscellaneous.
(a) The Subadvisor represents that it has furnished the Advisor with a copy of its Form ADV Part 2A and the applicable Form ADV Part 2B (collectively, “Form ADV Part 2”) relating to the individuals responsible for managing the Allocated Assets, and the Advisor acknowledges that it has received such Form ADV Part 2.
(b) This Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of New York, provided that nothing herein shall be construed in a manner inconsistent with the 1940 Act, the Advisers Act or rules or orders of the SEC thereunder. The term “affiliate” or “affiliated person” as used in this Agreement shall mean “affiliated person” as defined in Section 2(a)(3) of the 1940 Act;
(c) The captions of this Agreement are included for convenience only and in no way define or limit any of the provisions hereof or otherwise affect their construction or effect;
(d) To the extent permitted under Section 17 of this Agreement, this Agreement may only be assigned by any party with the prior written consent of the other parties;
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(e) If any provision of this Agreement shall be held or made invalid by a court decision, statute, rule or otherwise, the remainder of this Agreement shall not be affected thereby, and to this extent, the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed to be severable;
(f) Nothing herein shall be construed as constituting the Subadvisor as an agent of the Advisor, or constituting the Advisor as an agent of the Subadvisor.
* * *
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this instrument to be executed by their officers designated below as of the ____day of January, 2017. This Agreement may be signed in counterparts.
INDEXIQ ADVISORS LLC
Attest:
Name:
Title:
MACKAY SHIELDS LLC
Attest:
Name:
Title:
15
SCHEDULE A
Effective as of _____, 2017
As compensation for services provided by Subadvisor the Advisor will pay the Subadvisor and Subadvisor agrees to accept as full compensation for all services rendered hereunder, at an annual subadvisory fee equal to the following:
SERIES NAME | ANNUAL RATE |
IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF | 0.12% |
The portion of the fee based upon the average daily net assets of the respective Series shall be accrued daily at the rate of 1/(number of days in calendar year) of the annual rate applied to the daily net assets of the Series.
The annual rate is based on the percentage that the Allocated Assets constitutes of the Series’ total average daily net assets.
Payment will be made to the Subadvisor on a monthly basis.
Exhibit (h)(5)
SUBLICENSE AGREEMENT
Sublicense Agreement dated this 10th day of January, 2017, by and between IndexIQ ETF Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Sublicensee”) and IndexIQ Advisors LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Licensee”).
W I T N E S S E T H :
WHEREAS, pursuant to that certain ETF License Number 1 to the ETF Master Agreement dated as of November 1, 2016 by and between Licensee and S&P Opco (a subsidiary of S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC), a Delaware limited liability company (“S&P”) (“License Agreement”), S&P has granted Licensee a license to use certain trademarks and indexes developed by S&P (the “S&P Marks”) in connection with the exchange trading, marketing and/or promotion of the specific products described in Appendix A, attached hereto and incorporated herein (“Products”), and
WHEREAS, Sublicensee wishes to issue the Products and in connection therewith to use and refer to the S&P Marks in connection with the marketing and promotion of the Products; and
Whereas, all capitalized and undefined terms used herein have the meanings assigned to them in the License Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, pursuant to the License Agreement, the parties hereto agree as follows:
1. Licensee hereby grants to Sublicensee a non-exclusive and non-transferable sublicense to use the S&P Marks in connection with the formation, marketing and/or promotion of the Products.
2. The Sublicensee acknowledges that it has received and read a copy of the License Agreement and agrees to be bound by all of the provisions therein imposing any obligations on the Licensee (including without limitation the indemnification obligations) insofar as such obligations arise out of or relate to the Products, other than the obligation to pay the license fee imposed by Paragraph I hereof.
3. Sublicensee agrees that its obligations under the License Agreement pursuant to Section 2 hereof are as a Principal and shall be unaffected by any defense or claim that Licensee may have against S&P.
4. This Sublicense Agreement shall terminate immediately upon the: (1) expiration or termination of the License Agreement; or (2) the Sublicensee ceases to be an affiliate of the Licensee.
- 2 -
5. This Sublicense Agreement shall be construed in accordance with the laws of New York State.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Sublicense Agreement as of the date first set forth above.
INDEXIQ ETF TRUST | ||
By: | /s/ Adam S. Patti | |
Adam S. Patti, Chairman | ||
INDEXIQ ADVISORS LLC | ||
By: | /s/ David L. Fogel | |
David L. Fogel, President |
- 3 -
APPENDIX A
Product | Index |
IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility
Bond ETF |
S&P U.S. High Yield Low Volatility
Corporate Bond Index |
|
January 11, 2017
VIA EDGAR
Board of Trustees of IndexIQ ETF Trust
800 Westchester Avenue, S-710
Rye Brook, NY 10573
Re: | IndexIQ ETF Trust (Registration Nos. 333-152915 and 811-22227) with respect to IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF (the “Fund”) |
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We have acted as counsel for IndexIQ ETF Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Trust”), in connection with the Trust’s filing on January 11, 2017 with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) of its Post-Effective Amendment No. 94 under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “1933 Act”) (File No. 333-152915) and its Amendment No. 96 under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (File No. 811-22227), respectively, to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A (as amended, the “Registration Statement”) relating to the issuance and sale by the Trust of an unlimited number of authorized shares of the Funds (the “Shares”).
In connection with this opinion, we have examined originals or copies, certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction, of such instruments, documents and records as we have deemed relevant and necessary to examine for the purpose of this opinion, including (a) the Registration Statement, (b) the Trust's Declaration of Trust, as amended to date, (c) the Trust's By-laws, as amended to date, (d) resolutions of the Board of Trustees of the Trust related to the Shares and the Fund; and (e) such other instruments, documents, statements and records of the Trust and others as we have deemed relevant and necessary to examine and rely upon for the purpose of this opinion.
In connection with this opinion, we have assumed the legal capacity of all natural persons, the accuracy and completeness of all documents and records that we have reviewed, the genuineness of all signatures, the authenticity of the documents submitted to us as originals and the conformity to authentic original documents of all documents submitted to us as certified, conformed or reproduced copies.
Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP 250 West 55th Street | New York, NY 10019-9710 | www.apks.com |
|
January 11, 2017
Page 2
Based upon the foregoing, we are of the opinion that the Shares proposed to be offered and sold pursuant to the Registration Statement, when Post-Effective Amendment No. 94 and Amendment No. 96 becomes effective pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Commission, will have been validly authorized and, when sold in accordance with the terms of the Registration Statement and the requirements of applicable federal and state law and delivered by the Trust against receipt of the net asset value of the Shares, as described in the Registration Statement, will have been legally and validly issued and will be fully paid and non-assessable by the Trust.
This opinion is given as of the date hereof and we assume no obligation to advise you of changes that may hereafter be brought to our attention. This opinion is limited to the Delaware statutory trust laws governing matters such as the authorization and issuance of the Shares, and we do not express any opinion concerning any other laws.
We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement, to be filed with the Commission, and to the use of our name in the Registration Statement under the caption “General Information” in the prospectus that is a part thereof and under the caption “Counsel and Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” in the statement of additional information that is a part thereof and in any revised or amended versions thereof. In giving such consent, however, we do not admit that we are within the category of persons whose consent is required by Section 7 of the 1933 Act, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder.
Very truly yours,
ARNOLD & PORTER KAYE SCHOLER LLP
KMH/gx
Exhibit (h)(6)
EXPENSE LIMITATION AGREEMENT
INDEXIQ ETF TRUST
This Agreement is made and entered into effective as of January 11, 2017, by and between IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF (the “Fund”), a series of shares of IndexIQ ETF Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Trust”) and IndexIQ Advisors LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Advisor”).
WHEREAS , the Trust is a Delaware statutory trust organized under the Certificate of Trust dated August 27, 2008, as amended and restated on September 27, 2016 and is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), as an open-end management company of the series type;
WHEREAS , the Fund is a series of the Trust;
WHEREAS , the Trust, on behalf of the Fund, and the Advisor entered into an Investment Advisory Agreement dated April 15, 2015 (“Advisory Agreement”) pursuant to which the Advisor provides investment advisory services to the Fund; and
WHEREAS , the Fund and the Advisor have determined that it is appropriate and in the best interests of the Fund and its shareholders to limit the expenses of the Fund, and, therefore, have entered into this Agreement, in order to maintain the Fund’s expense ratio within the Operating Expense Limit, as defined below, through August 31, 2018.
NOW, THEREFORE , in consideration of the mutual covenants herein contained, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows:
1. Expense Limitation.
(a) Applicable Expense Limit. To the extent that the aggregate expenses of every character, including but not limited to investment advisory fees of the Advisor (but excluding interest, taxes, brokerage commissions, other expenditures which are capitalized in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, other extraordinary expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of a Fund’s business, and amounts, if any, payable pursuant to plans adopted in accordance with Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act) incurred by a Fund in any fiscal year (“Fund Operating Expenses”), exceed the Operating Expense Limit, as defined in Section 1(b) below, such excess amount (the “Excess Amount”) shall be the liability of the Advisor.
(b) Operating Expense Limit. The Fund’s maximum operating expense limit (“Operating Expense Limit) in any year shall be that percentage of the average daily net assets of such Fund (or such class of such Fund, as may be designated), as set forth on Schedule A.
(c) Method of Computation. To determine the Advisor’s liability with respect to the Excess Amount, each month the Fund Operating Expenses for the Fund shall be annualized as of the last day of the month. If the annualized Fund Operating Expenses for any month exceed the Operating Expense Limit of such Fund, the Advisor shall first waive or reduce its investment advisory fee for such month by an amount sufficient to reduce the annualized Fund Operating Expenses to an amount no higher than the Operating Expense Limit. If the amount of the waived or reduced investment advisory fee for any such month is insufficient to pay the Excess Amount, the Advisor may also remit to such Fund an amount that, together with the waived or reduced investment advisory fee, is sufficient to pay such Excess Amount.
(d) Year-End Adjustment. If necessary, on or before the last day of the first month of each fiscal year, an adjustment payment shall be made by the appropriate party in order that the amount of the
investment advisory fees waived or reduced and other payments remitted by the Advisor to the Fund with respect to the previous fiscal year shall equal the Excess Amount.
2. Term and Termination of Agreement.
This Agreement with respect to the Fund shall continue in effect until the 31st day of August 2018. Nevertheless, this Agreement may be terminated, without payment of any penalty by the Trust at any time.
3. Miscellaneous.
(a) Captions. The captions in this Agreement are included for convenience of reference only and in no other way define or delineate any of the provisions hereof or otherwise affect their construction or effect.
(b) Interpretation. Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to require the Trust or any Fund to take any action contrary to the Trust’s Declaration of Trust or by-laws, or any applicable statutory or regulatory requirement to which it is subject or by which it is bound, or to relieve or deprive the Trust’s Board of Trustees of its responsibility for and control of the conduct of the affairs of the Trust or the Fund.
(c) Definitions. Any question of interpretation of any term or provision of this Agreement, including but not limited to the investment advisory fee, the computations of net asset values, and the allocation of expenses, having a counterpart in or otherwise derived from the terms and provisions of the Advisory Agreement or the 1940 Act, shall have the same meaning as and be resolved by reference to such Advisory Agreement or the 1940 Act.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties have caused this Agreement to be signed by their respective officers thereunto duly authorized and their respective corporate seals to be hereunto affixed, as of the day and year first above written.
INDEXIQ ETF TRUST, | ||
ON BEHALF OF THE FUND | ||
/s/ Adam Patti | ||
By: | Adam Patti | |
Title: | Chairman | |
IndexIQ Advisors LLC | ||
/s/ David Fogel | ||
By: | David Fogel | |
Title: | President |
SCHEDULE A
Fund and Operating Expense Limits
Fund | Operating Expense Limit |
IQ S&P High Yield Low Volatility Bond ETF | 0.40% |
Exhibit (p)(3)
MACKAY SHIELDS LLC
MACKAY SHIELDS UK LLP
CODE OF ETHICS
All recipients of the Code should read it carefully, retain it for future reference and abide by its requirements. Should you have a question as to your status under the Code, contact the Compliance Department immediately.
Amended and Restated July 2014
Table of Contents
Statement of General Fiduciary Principles | ||
General Statement | 4 | |
Principles and Standards of Business Conduct | 4 | |
Conflicts of Interest | 5 | |
Outside Corporate Board Membership | 5 | |
“Other” Outside Activities | 5 | |
Outside Activities Relating to the Company | 6 | |
Conflicts of Interest Questionnaire | 6 | |
Gifts and Entertainment | 6 | |
Insider Trading; Information Barrier | 7 | |
Confidentiality of Client Information | 7 | |
Excessive Trading | 7 | |
Standards of Conduct for Chartered Financial Analysts | 8 | |
Definitions | ||
Access Person | 8 | |
Affiliate | 8 | |
Affiliated Fund | 8 | |
Automatic Investment Plan | 8 | |
Beneficial Ownership | 8 | |
Cashless Exercise | 9 | |
Chief Compliance Officer | 9 | |
Client | 9 | |
Code | 9 | |
Covered Security | 9 | |
Discretionary Managed Account | 9 | |
Dividend Reinvestment Plan | 9 | |
Employee | 9 | |
Employee Stock Option Plan | 10 | |
Employee Stock Purchase Plan (or ESPP) | 10 | |
Employment Date | 10 | |
Excepted Securities | 10 | |
Exchange Traded Fund (or ETF) | 10 | |
Federal Securities Laws | 10 | |
529 Plans | 10 | |
Front Running | 10 | |
Immediate Family | 10 | |
Initial Public Offering | 11 | |
Insider Trading | 11 | |
Investment Company Act | 11 | |
Investment Club | 11 | |
Legal/Compliance | 11 | |
Pending Buy or Sell Order | 11 | |
Private Placement | 11 | |
Registered Principal or Registered Representative | 11 | |
Related Policies | 11 | |
Restricted List | 11 | |
Scalping | 11 |
Supervised Person | 11 | |
Watch List | 12 | |
Personal Investment Activities – Restrictions and Monitoring Procedures | ||
Pre-clearance of Trades | 12 | |
Exceptions to Trade Pre-clearance Requirements | 12 | |
Restricted and Watch Lists | 13 | |
Front Running and Scalping | 13 | |
Maximum Trades and Trade Requests per Quarter | 13 | |
Trading/Black-Out Periods | 13 | |
Considerations and Exceptions to Trading/Black-Out Period | 14 | |
Use of Brokerage for Personal or Family Benefit | 14 | |
Initial Public Offerings | 15 | |
Private Placements | 15 | |
Short-Term Trading/Sixty Day Holding Period | 15 | |
Other Exceptions | 15 | |
Affiliated Fund Shares | 16 | |
Pre-clearance of Accounts | 16 | |
Recordkeeping and Reporting | ||
Privacy Statement | 17 | |
Initial Holdings and Account Reports | 17 | |
Quarterly Transactions and Account Reports | 18 | |
Annual Reporting | 18 | |
Electronic Reporting and Certifications | 18 | |
Duplicate Confirmations | 19 | |
Reporting of Code Violations | 19 | |
Recordkeeping | 19 | |
Administration | ||
Mutual Fund Code of Ethics | 19 | |
Sanctions | 20 | |
Monitoring and Review | 20 | |
Acknowledgement and Training | 21 | |
Exceptions | 21 | |
Exhibits |
1. | Statement of General Fiduciary Principles and Standards of Business Conduct |
1.1 | General Statement |
This Code of Ethics has been issued by MacKay Shields LLC (“MacKay US”) and MacKay Shields UK LLP (“MacKay UK” and, hereinafter collectively referred to as “MacKay”, “MacKay Shields” or the “Company”) in order to set forth guidelines and procedures that promote ethical practices and
conduct by all Employees.
MacKay US is a registered investment adviser and is regulated by the US Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). MacKay UK is authorized and regulated by the UK’s Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”). The purpose of the Code of Ethics is to ensure that all Employees of MacKay US comply with Federal Securities Laws and, all Employees of MacKay UK comply with the requirements of Article 63 of the Alternative Investment Fund Managers Regulations (“AIFMR 63”) and COBS 11.7.1R of the FCA Handbook.
The Code provides each Employee with specific guidance concerning personal security investments and the responsibilities associated with that activity.
MacKay requires that all Employees observe the applicable standards of duty and care set forth herein. An Employee may not evade the provisions of the Code by acting through another person, including a friend, relative or other, to act in a manner that is prohibited.
MacKay believes that mutual funds, including those we manage provide a broad range of investment options to meet employee investment needs. We encourage Employees to use these vehicles for their personal investments. We do not encourage active trading by our employees. We recognize, however, that individual needs differ and that there are other attractive investment opportunities. As a result, this Code is intended to give you and your family flexibility to invest, without jeopardizing relationships with our Clients.
MacKay is entrusted with the assets of our Clients for investment purposes. This fiduciary relationship requires our personnel to place the interests of our Clients before their own and to avoid even the appearance of a conflict of interest. Persons subject to this Code must adhere to this general overriding principle as well as comply with the Code’s specific provisions. This is how we earn and keep our Clients’ trust.
As a fundamental requirement, MacKay demands the highest standards of ethical conduct on the part of all its Employees. All Employees must abide by this basic standard and never take inappropriate advantage of their position with the Company.
Throughout this Code of Ethics, references to the UK Head of Legal are only with respect to the activities of Employees of MacKay UK.
1.2 | Principles and Standards of Business Conduct |
The following general fiduciary standards and standards of business conduct shall govern personal investment activities and the interpretation and administration of this Code:
- | The interests of Clients must be placed first at all times; |
- | All personal securities transactions must be conducted consistent with this Code and in such a manner as to avoid any actual or potential conflict of interest or any abuse of an individual’s position of trust and responsibility; |
- | Employees should not take inappropriate advantage of their positions; |
- | Employees of MacKay US must comply with applicable Federal Securities Laws; and |
- | Employees of MacKay UK must comply with AIFMR 63 and COBS 11.7.1R of the FCA Handbook |
It shall be a violation of this Code and its procedures, for any Employee of the Company, in connection with the purchase or sale, directly or indirectly, of any security or other investment held or to be acquired by any client including a registered investment company or other entity (collectively a “Client”):
- | to employ any device, scheme or artifice to defraud any Client; |
- | to make to the Client any untrue statement of a material fact, or to omit to state to the Client a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading; |
- | to engage in any act, practice or course of business that operates or would operate as a fraud or deceit upon the Client; or |
- | to engage in any manipulative practice with respect to the Client. |
It shall also be a violation of this Code and its procedures, for any Employee of the Company to engage in any manipulative practice with respect to securities or any other investments, including, without limitation, price manipulation and the spreading, misuse or malicious use of false rumors.
This Code does not attempt to identify all possible conflicts of interest, and literal compliance with each of its specific provisions will not shield Employees from liability for personal trading or other conduct that violates a fiduciary duty to Clients.
Employees are also required to adhere to the policies relating to this Code including: Gift and Entertainment Policy, Information Barrier Policy and Procedures, Information Security and privacy Policy, Insider Trading Policy and Procedures, Policy on Anti-Corruption in International Business Transactions, Personal Political Contributions, Policy on Selective Disclosure of Mutual Fund Portfolio Holdings, Restricted List Policy, Watch List Policies and procedures, CFA Code of Ethics and Standards of Professional Conduct, and New York Life Standards of Business Conduct – Integrity 1 (“Related Policies”).
1.3 | Conflicts of Interest |
As part of this ongoing responsibility, each Employee has the duty to disclose to MacKay any interest that he or she may have in any firm, corporation or business entity that is not affiliated or participating in any joint venture or partnership with MacKay or its Affiliates and that does business with MacKay or that otherwise presents a possible conflict of interest as described herein. Disclosure should be timely so that MacKay may take action concerning any possible conflict, as it deems appropriate. It is recognized, however, that MacKay has or may have business relationships with many organizations and that a relatively small interest in securities of an organization does not necessarily give rise to a prohibited conflict of interest.
1.4 | Outside Corporate Board Membership |
Except as described in Section 1.6 hereof, it is considered generally incompatible with the duties of an Employee of MacKay for that Employee to assume the position of director of a corporation not affiliated with the Company. A request should be made by an Employee to the CCO and the Employee’s supervisor if the Employee seeks to
1 | In certain instances, the New York Life Standards of Business Conduct may differ. However, in these cases, employees subject to this Code must meet the requirements of the MacKay Code and the firm’s related policies. |
accept any invitation to serve as a director of a corporation that is not an Affiliate and the person must receive the approval of his or her supervisor and the CCO or General Counsel, or UK Head of Legal, with respect to Employees’ of MacKay UK, prior to accepting any such directorship. For Employees of MacKay US that are Registered Representatives, approval by MacKay US’ designated Registered Principal and notification of NYLIFE Distributors LLC is also required. In the event that approval is given, the CCO shall immediately determine whether the corporation in question is to be placed on the Company’s Restricted List.
1.5 | “Other” Outside Activities |
Except as described in Section 1.6 herein, it is considered generally incompatible with the duties of an Employee of MacKay to act as an officer, director, general partner, consultant, agent, representative or employee of any other business or entity (including, without limitation, a non-profit, educational or religious institution), other than an Affiliate. A request should be made by an Employee to the CCO and the Employee’s supervisor if the Employee seeks to accept any invitation to serve as an officer, director, general partner, consultant, agent, representative or employee of any business or entity that is not an Affiliate and the person must receive the approval of his or her supervisor and the CCO or General Counsel prior to accepting any such position. For Employees that are Registered Representatives, approval by MacKay’s designated Registered Principal and notification of NYLIFE Distributors LLC is also required. In the event that approval is given, the CCO shall immediately determine whether the business in question is to be placed on the Company’s Restricted List.
1.6 | Outside Activities Relating to the Company |
Employees who, in the regular course of their duties relating to the Company’s investment activities, are asked to serve as the director, officer, general partner, consultant, agent, representative or employee of a company may do so with the prior written approval of their department head and the CCO. Recognizing that such positions with public companies may interfere with the Company’s advisory activities, it is not expected that such positions will be assumed absent unusual circumstances that will benefit Clients. In the event that such unusual circumstances are present, the department head and the CCO shall collectively decide whether the assumption of the position is in the best interest of the Company’s Clients.
1.7 | Conflicts of Interest Questionnaire |
MacKay Shields utilizes a Conflicts of Interest Questionnaire (the “COI Questionnaire”), in substantially the form attached as Exhibit A hereto, to solicit information regarding material relationships of Employees and their Immediate Family members. The COI Questionnaire is completed upon commencement of employment. Any outside business activities or potential conflicts that are disclosed are reviewed by the CCO or his designee and brought to the attention of the employee’s supervisor for approval.
Annually, each Employee will complete an annual Conflicts of Interest Questionnaire, which is administered by New York Life Insurance Company. Any potential conflicts of interest that are disclosed in the annual COI Questionnaire are reviewed by the CCO or his designee. Each Employee has an on-going responsibility to promptly supplement the COI Questionnaire as necessary to reflect any material changes between annual filings.
1.8 | Gifts and Entertainment |
Employees are subject to the MacKay Gift and Entertainment Policy and should refer to that Policy for guidance with respect to the limits on giving and receiving gifts or entertainment to or from third parties that do business with MacKay, its Affiliates, or its Clients. Pursuant to the Gift & Entertainment Policy, employees may not engage in gift or entertainment activity that would be impermissible under the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, the UK
Bribery Act 2010, or any commercial bribery statutes or laws. Employees of MacKay US who are Registered Representatives are also subject to limitations on giving or receiving gifts that are imposed by the Rules of Conduct of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA). Employees of MacKay UK are also subject to the rules of inducements detailed in the AIFM Regulations and the FCA Conduct of Business Sourcebook. Employees are required to make current and quarterly reports under this Policy and annually, as part of their Code of Ethics certification, must acknowledge that they have read this Policy and have complied with its terms.
1.9 | Insider Trading; Information Barrier |
Employees may not trade on inside information (i.e., material non-public information 2 ) or communicate such information to others. An Employee who believes that he or she is in possession of inside information should immediately contact the General Counsel, CCO or UK Head of Legal. In addition, employees are required to observe the restrictions on the communication of investment-related information within the New York Life enterprise. Please refer to the MacKay Insider Trading Policy and Procedures, the MacKay Information Barrier Policy and Procedures and MacKay’s Restricted List Policy and Watch List Policies and Procedures for specific guidelines governing inside information and information barriers. Annually, as part of their Code of Ethics certification, all Employees must acknowledge that they have read these Policies and have complied with their terms.
1.10 | Confidentiality of Client Information |
MacKay has developed an Information Security and Privacy Policy, which is designed to: (1) ensure the security and confidentiality of Client records and information; (2) protect against any anticipated threats or hazards to the security or integrity of Client records and information; and (3) protect against unauthorized access to or use of Client records or information that could result in substantial harm or inconvenience to any Client.
It is MacKay’s policy to protect the confidentiality of holdings of mutual funds for which the Company serves as investment adviser or sub-advisor and to prevent the selective disclosure of non-public information concerning such mutual funds. All portfolio information regarding such mutual funds is subject to the Policy on Selective Disclosure of Mutual Fund Portfolio Holdings. Annually, as part of their Code of Ethics certification, all Employees must acknowledge that they have read this Policy and have complied with its terms. Please refer to the Policy for specific guidelines governing portfolio holdings information.
1.11 | Excessive Trading |
Employees are prohibited from short-term trading or excessive trading of Affiliated Funds, other than those that permit such trading, and must comply with any trading restrictions established by the Company to prevent market timing of these funds. Please refer to Section 3.13 for specific guidelines governing Affiliated Funds.
2 Material information generally is that which a reasonable investor would consider significant in making an investment decision. Nonpublic information is any information which has not been disclosed to the general public. Information is considered public when it is widely disseminated; e.g., disclosure in the news media or company filings.
1.12 | Standards of Conduct for Chartered Financial Analysts |
In addition to this Code, MacKay requires that its Employees who are chartered financial analysts comply with the provisions of the CFA Institute’s Code of Ethics and Standards of Professional Conduct applicable to chartered financial analysts.
2. | Definitions |
“Access Person” - has the same meaning as set forth in Rule 17j-1 under the Investment Company Act and as set forth in Rule 204A-1 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and shall include any Supervised Person of MacKay who has access to non-public information regarding any Clients’ purchase or sale of securities, or information regarding the portfolio holdings of any Affiliated Fund, or who is involved in making securities recommendations to Clients, or who has access to such recommendations that are non-public.
“Affiliate” - any person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with such other group.
“Affiliated Fund” - (i) any registered investment company and series of such company or portion thereof for which MacKay is the investment manager, investment adviser or sub-advisor; or (ii) any registered investment company whose investment adviser or principal underwriter controls MacKay, is controlled by MacKay or is under common control with MacKay. For purposes of this definition, “control” has the same meaning as it does in Section 2(a)(9) of the Investment Company Act.
“Automatic Investment Plan” - a program in which regular periodic purchases (or withdrawals) are made automatically in (or from) investment accounts in accordance with a predetermined schedule and allocation. An automatic investment plan includes dividend reinvestment plans (“DRIPs”) and Employee Stock Purchase Plans (“ESPPs”), but does not include a 401k plan.
“Beneficial Ownership” - shall be interpreted in the same manner as it would be under Rule 16a-1(a)(2) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 in determining whether a person is the beneficial owner of a security for purposes of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the rules and regulations thereunder. A beneficial owner is any person who, directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise, has or shares a direct or indirect pecuniary interest in the securities. A pecuniary interest in securities means the opportunity, directly or indirectly, to profit or share in any profit derived from a transaction in those securities. A person is presumed to have an indirect pecuniary interest in securities held by members of a person’s Immediate Family who either reside with, or are financially dependent upon, or whose investments are controlled by, that person. A person also has a beneficial interest in securities held: (i) by a trust in which he or she is a Trustee, has a Beneficial Interest or is the settlor with a power to revoke; (ii) by another person and he or she has a contract or an understanding with such person that the securities held in that person’s name are for his or her benefit; (iii) in the form of a right to acquisition of such security through the exercise of warrants, options, rights, or conversion rights; (iv) by a partnership of which he or she is a member; (v) by a corporation that he or she uses as a personal trading medium; (vi) by a holding company that he or she controls; or (vii) by an Investment Club of which he or she is a member.
“Cashless Exercise” - transactions executed when exercising employee stock options. Essentially, the money is borrowed to exercise the option to purchase shares, the option is exercised and simultaneously the shares are sold to pay for the purchase, taxes, and broker commissions.
“Chief Compliance Officer” or “CCO” - the Company’s Chief Compliance Officer.
“Client” - any client of the Company, including a registered investment company (mutual fund) or other person or entity.
“Code” - this Code of Ethics.
“Covered Security” - any note, stock, treasury stock, security future, bond, municipal bond (including municipal auction rate securities (“ARS”) with short-term (e.g., 7 day) coupon resets and closed-end municipal auction rate “Preferred” shares), debenture, evidence of indebtedness, certificate of interest or participation on any profit-sharing agreement, collateral-trust certificate, preorganization certificate or subscription, transferable share, investment contract, voting-trust certificate, certificate of deposit for a security, fractional undivided interest in oil, gas, or other mineral rights, any put, call, straddle, option, or privilege on any security (including a certificate of deposit) or on any group or index of securities (including any interest therein or based on the value thereof), or any put, call, straddle, option, or privilege entered into on a national securities exchange relating to foreign currency, or, in general, any interest or instrument commonly known as a “security”, or any certificate of interest or participation in, temporary or interim certificate for, receipt for, guarantee of, or warrant or right to subscribe to or purchase, any of the foregoing.
For these purposes, the purchase or sale of a Covered Security includes, among other things, the writing of an option to purchase or sell a Covered Security. A security held or to be acquired includes any option to purchase or sell, and any security convertible into or exchangeable for, a Covered Security.
“Discretionary Managed Account” - an account managed on a discretionary basis by a person other than such Employee over which an Employee certifies that he or she has no direct or indirect influence or control over the selection or disposition of securities and no prior knowledge of transactions therein; provided, however, that direct or indirect influence or control of such account is held by a person or entity not associated with MacKay or an Affiliate and not a relative of such Employee.
“Dividend Reinvestment Plan (or DRIP)” - a stock purchase plan offered by a corporation whereby shareholders purchase stock directly from the company (usually through a transfer agent) and are allowed to reinvest their cash dividends by purchasing additional shares or fractional shares.
“Employee” - any person employed by any MacKay entity. Temporary employees and outside consultants who in connection with their regular functions or duties obtain information regarding the purchase or sale of securities in portfolios managed by MacKay may be subject to this Code, as determined by Legal/Compliance.
“Employee Stock Option Plan” - contracts between a company and its employees that give employees the right to buy a specific number of the company’s shares at a fixed price within a certain period of time.
“Employee Stock Purchase Plan (or ESPP)” - an organized plan for employees to buy shares of their company’s stock.
“Employment Date” - the date on which the Employee commenced working for the Company.
“Excepted Securities” - securities not covered by this Code include the following:
· | direct obligations of the U.S. Government; |
· | bankers’ acceptances; |
· | bank certificates of deposit; |
· | commercial paper; |
· | high quality short-term debt instruments, including repurchase agreements; |
· | shares issued by open-end mutual funds that are not Affiliated Funds; and |
· | interests in 529 Plans. |
“Exchange Traded Fund (or ETF)” – represents shares of ownership in either fund, unit investment trust, or depository receipts that hold portfolios of common stocks that are included in a selected index, either broad market, sector or international. ETFs trade throughout the day on an exchange.
“Federal Securities Laws” - the Securities Act of 1933, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, Title V of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, any rules adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under any of these statutes, the Bank Secrecy Act as it applies to funds and investment advisers, and any rules adopted thereunder by the SEC or the Department of the Treasury.
“529 Plans” - qualified state college tuition programs.
“Front Running” - the buying or selling of a security by a person, with the intent of taking advantage of the market impact of a Client’s transaction in the underlying security by or on behalf of the Client.
“Immediate Family” - any of the following relatives sharing the same household as the Employee: child, stepchild, grandchild, parent, stepparent, grandparent, spouse, sibling, mother-in-law, father-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law, sister-in-law, including adoptive relationships. The term also includes any related or unrelated individual who resides with, or is financially dependent upon, or whose investments are controlled by, or whose financial support is materially contributed to by, the Employee, including “significant others.”
“Initial Public Offering” - an offering of securities registered under the Securities Act of 1933, the issuer of which immediately before registration was not subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
“Insider Trading” - the purchase or sale of securities of a company while in possession of material, non-public information or communicating such information to others.
“Investment Company Act” - the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
“Investment Club” - a group of two or more people, each of whom contributes monies to an investment pool and participates in the investment making decision process and shares in the investment returns.
“Legal/Compliance” - MacKay’s Legal/Compliance Department
“Pending Buy or Sell Order” - both an order placed with a broker to buy or sell a security for a Client account and an internal decision by an Employee to buy or sell a security for his or her personal account over which he or she has a Beneficial Interest.
“Private Placement” - an offering that is exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, under Sections 4(2) or 4(6), or Rules 504, 505 or 506 thereunder.
“Registered Principal or Registered Representative” - an Employee who is registered as such with a member firm of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, or FINRA.
“Related Policies” – Such policies as Legal/Compliance from time to time determines are related to the conduct standards of this Code, including but not limited to the following MacKay policies: Insider Trading Policy and Procedures; Information Barrier Policy and Procedures; Restricted List Policy; Watch List Policy; Gift and Entertainment Policy; Policy on Anti-Corruption in International Business Transactions; Personal
Political Contributions Policy; Information Security and Privacy Policy; Policy on Selective Disclosure of Mutual Fund Portfolio Holdings; CFA Code of Ethics and Standards of Professional Conduct (with respect to Employees who are Chartered Financial Analysts); and the NYL Standards of Business Conduct – Integrity.
“Restricted List” - a listing of securities maintained by Legal/Compliance in which trading by Employees is generally prohibited.
“Scalping” - buying and selling a security on the same day as a Client and includes, among other transactions, the buying of a security when a Client is selling that security, or selling a security when a Client is buying that security, with the intention of taking advantage of the market impact of the Client’s trades.
“Supervised Person” - any officer, director (or other person occupying a similar status or performing similar functions) and Employee, as well as any other persons who provide advice on behalf of MacKay and are subject to MacKay’s supervision and control; provided that any member of MacKay’s Board of Managers who is an employee of New York Life Insurance Company or New York Life Investment Management LLC shall not be considered a Supervised Person, as these individuals are subject to the requirements of their respective business entity’s Code of Ethics.
“Watch List” - a listing of securities maintained by Legal/Compliance in which trading by Employees is generally prohibited.
3. | Personal Investing Activities - Restrictions and Monitoring Procedures |
3.1 | Pre-clearance of Trades |
3.1.1 | Generally |
Pre-clearance of personal securities transactions allows MacKay to prevent certain trades that may conflict with Client trading activities. To help prevent Front Running, Scalping, and other trading abuses and actual or potential conflicts of interest, no Employee of MacKay (or account in which an Employee has any direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership interest) may purchase or sell, directly or indirectly, Covered Securities without prior approval of Legal/Compliance (except pursuant to the exceptions in Section 3.2 below).
3.1.2 | Requests for Pre-clearance of Trades |
Each Employee shall submit a trade request between the hours of 9:00 AM and 1:00 PM US EST (for US employees) and 2:00 PM and 6:00 PM GMT (for UK employees) using MacKay’s automated personal trading system (the “iTrade System”) before placing an order for any transaction in Covered Securities in any account in which the Employee has Beneficial Ownership. The system allows Legal/Compliance to efficiently monitor personal trading activities and will be periodically tested. The trade request shall be in substantially the form of Exhibit B . Upon submitting a trade request through the automated personal trading system, employees will receive immediate notification whether the trade request was approved or denied.
Any approval received is effective, unless revoked, only for the Day that the request was submitted and ultimately approved; provided, however, that in the case of foreign securities and in respect of requests submitted by Employees of MacKay UK,, the authorization is effective, unless revoked, for a period of twenty-four (24) hours. If the transaction is not executed on that same Day (or within such twenty-four (24) hour period), a new request must be filed and another authorization must be obtained.
3.2 | Exceptions to Trade Pre-clearance Requirements |
3.2.1 | Pre-clearance is not required with respect to any of the following transactions: |
· | in Discretionary Managed Accounts; |
· | by employees of the New York Life Insurance Company or New York Life Investment Management LLC who are members of the Board of Managers of MacKay who do not have access to information about MacKay’s purchases and sales of securities; |
· | that are non-volitional in nature: e.g. stock splits, stock dividends, exchanges and conversions, mandatory tenders, pro rata distributions to all holders of a class of securities, gifts, inheritances, and margin/maintenance calls (where the securities to be sold are not directed by the covered person); |
· | automatic purchases under DRIPs, ESPPs or similar accounts; |
· | transactions in ETFs representing shares of a market index and which consists of a minimum of 30 securities, commodity, currency and treasury ETF’s; |
· | in units or shares of collective undertakings that comply with the UCITS Directive, which requires an equivalent level of risk spreading in their assets, where an Employee and any other person for whose account that transactions are effected are not involved in the management of that undertaking; |
· | in securities that are Excepted Securities; |
· | in shares of Affiliated Funds; or |
· | in government-sponsored enterprises fixed income securities (FNMA, FHLMC). |
3.2.2 | In addition, authorization given for initial and subsequent purchases or sales of DRIPS or ESPP will not be subject to the one day authorization provision since transactions in these programs usually take place on a periodic pre-determined basis. |
3.3 | Restricted and Watch Lists |
No Employee may acquire or dispose of any direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership in securities of an issuer listed on the Company’s Restricted List. Although transactions in securities of an issuer listed on the Restricted List are generally prohibited, case-by-case exceptions may be granted by the CCO, General Counsel or UK head of Legal. Securities on the Watch List are dealt with on a case-by-case basis by the CCO, General Counsel or UK Head of Legal.
3.4 | Front Running and Scalping |
Notwithstanding anything expressly stated in the Code, no Covered Securities may be purchased or sold by any Employee if such purchase or sale is effected with a view to making a profit from a change in the price of such security resulting from anticipated transactions by or for a Client.
3.5 | Maximum Trades and Trade Requests per Quarter |
An Employee may execute a maximum of fifty (50) trades per calendar quarter. There is currently no maximum limitation on the number of trade requests that an Employee may submit per calendar quarter. The Code grants the CCO, General Counsel or UK Head of Legal, the power to impose a further limitation on any Employee with respect to the number of trades or number of requests if it is believed to be in the best interest of the Company or its Clients.
3.6 | Trading / Black-Out Periods |
3.6.1 | No Employee may acquire or dispose of Beneficial Ownership in a Covered Security (other than an Excepted Security) that MacKay is purchasing or selling for any Client or proposes to purchase or sell for any Client where such transaction would in any way conflict with or be detrimental to (or appear to conflict with or be detrimental to) the interest of the Client; |
3.6.2 | No Employee may acquire or dispose of Beneficial Ownership in a Covered Security (other than an Excepted Security) on a day when there is a Pending Buy or Sell Order in that security for a Client until such order is executed or withdrawn. |
3.6.3 | No Employee may acquire or dispose of Beneficial Ownership in a Covered Security (other than an Excepted Security) if any purchase or sale of such security has been made for a Client account in the prior seven calendar days or can reasonably be anticipated for a Client account in the next seven calendar days. |
3.7 | Considerations and Exceptions to Trading/Blackout Period |
3.7.1 | In evaluating whether any purchase or sale of such securities can “reasonably be anticipated for a Client account in the next seven calendar days”, the following factors shall be considered: |
· | Whether the Employee transacted in a type or specific security in which his or her product area has invested or may invest; |
· | Whether there were changed circumstances involving the market, the type or the specific security or the Client’s account; |
· | Whether the Employee was aware of any information concerning an actual or contemplated investment in that same security by MacKay for any Client account; and |
· | Whether the Client account was managed by the Employee’s product area. |
3.7.2 Exceptions may be granted to the blackout period set forth in paragraph 3.6.3 above in the event that the contemplated transaction involves:
· | 500 shares or less in the aggregate and the issuer has market capitalization (outstanding shares multiplied by the current market price per share) greater than $5 billion; |
· | the smaller of 500 shares or less in the aggregate or less than .001% of the issuer’s market capitalization, if the issuer has market capitalization (outstanding shares multiplied by the current market price per share) less than $5 billion; or |
· | investment grade debt instruments of less than $100,000 par value. |
3.8 | Use of Brokerage for Personal or Family Benefit |
No securities trades in which the Employee has a direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership interest may be effected through MacKay’s traders. Employees must effect such trades through their personal broker-dealers. In addition, no Employee may, for direct or indirect personal or a family member’s benefit, execute a trade with a broker-dealer by using the influence (implied or stated) of MacKay or any Employee’s influence (implied or stated) with MacKay.
3.9 | Initial Public Offerings |
No Employee may directly or indirectly acquire Beneficial Ownership in any securities in an Initial Public Offering (“IPO”) of securities except with the express written prior approval of the CCO, General Counsel or UK Head of Legal. Requests shall be made in substantially the form of Exhibit K .
3.10 | Private Placements |
No Employee may directly or indirectly acquire Beneficial Ownership in an offering of securities in a Private Placement except with the express written prior approval of the CCO, General Counsel or UK Head of Legal. Requests shall be made in substantially the form of Exhibit K .
Any Employee who has obtained prior approval and made an investment in a Private Placement must disclose that investment if that Employee plays a part in any subsequent consideration of an investment in the issuer on behalf of Client accounts. Under such circumstances, MacKay’s decision to purchase securities of the Private Placement issuer will be subject to an independent review by investment personnel with no investment in the issuer.
3.11 | Short-Term Trading/Sixty Day Holding Period |
No Employee shall purchase and sell (or exchange), or sell and purchase (or exchange) the same (or equivalent) Covered Security within sixty (60) calendar days. The 60-day holding period is measured from the time of the most recent trade of shares of the relevant Covered Security by the Employee. Exceptions may be made in cases of death or disability, or under other special circumstances if approved in advance by the CCO, General Counsel or UK Head of Legal.
Notwithstanding the above, an Employee who receives a grant of options through an Employee Stock Option Plan, who chooses to exercise those options in a Cashless Exercise, will be allowed an exception from the sixty-day holding period, so long as such transactions are pre-cleared as required under Section 3.1.
3.12 | Other Exceptions |
The restrictions with respect to: Section 3.3 Restricted List, Sections 3.6 Trading/Black-out Periods, and Section 3.11 Short-term trading do not apply to the following transactions:
· | in Discretionary Managed Accounts; |
· | by employees of New York Life Insurance Company or New York Life Investment Management LLC who are members of the Board of Managers of MacKay, who do not have access to information about MacKay’s purchases and sales of securities; |
· | that are non-volitional in nature: e.g. stock splits, stock dividends, exchanges and conversions, mandatory tenders, pro-rata distributions to all holders of a class of securities, gifts, inheritances, and margin/maintenance calls (where the securities to be sold are not directed by the covered person); |
· | automatic purchases under DRIPs, ESPPs or similar accounts; |
· | any transactions in ETFs representing shares of a market index and which consists of a minimum of 30 securities, commodity, currency and treasury ETF’s; |
· | in securities that are Excepted Securities; |
· | purchases or sales with respect to Affiliated Fund shares of a taxable or tax-exempt money market fund; |
· | futures and forward contracts on direct obligations of the government of the United States, a market index consisting of a minimum of 30 securities, commodity and currency |
· | sales that are part of an automatic withdrawal plan or program, including loans, withdrawals and distributions from 401(k) plans or programs; |
· | in government-sponsored enterprises fixed income securities (FNMA, FHLMC); or |
· | in municipal auction rate securities (“ARS”) with short-term coupon resets (e.g. 7 day) and closed-end municipal auction rate “Preferred” shares. |
3.13 | Affiliated Fund Shares |
The following provisions apply to all Affiliated Fund Shares held by an Employee, including, but not limited to, shares owned through a 401(k) plan or similar account, or through a variable insurance product.
No Employee shall purchase and sell (or exchange), or sell and purchase (or exchange), shares of the same Affiliated Fund of which such Employee has a Beneficial Ownership interest within thirty (30) days. The 30-day holding period is measured from the time of the most recent trade of shares of the relevant Affiliated Fund by the Employee. Waivers of this requirement may be granted in cases of death or disability, or under other special circumstances by the CCO, General Counsel or UK Head of Legal.
None of the above-specified restrictions on short-term trading in Affiliated Fund shares shall apply to the following transactions:
· | Purchases or sales effected in any account over which the Employee has no direct or indirect influence or control (for example, blind trusts or Discretionary Managed Accounts); |
· | Purchases or sales that are non-volitional on the part of the Employee; |
· | Purchases that are effected as part of an automatic DRIP, an automatic investment plan, a payroll deduction plan or program (including, but not limited to, automatic payroll deduction plans or programs and 401(k) plans or programs (both employee initiated and/or employer matching)), an ESPP, or other automatic stock purchase plans or programs; |
· | Sales that are part of an automatic withdrawal plan or program, including loans, withdrawals and distributions from 401(k) plans or programs; or |
· | Purchases or sales with respect to Affiliated Fund Shares of a taxable or tax-exempt money market fund. |
3.14 | Pre-clearance of Accounts |
No Employee may open an account with any broker, dealer or bank that will hold Covered Securities of which the Employee has a direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership interest without the prior written approval of Legal/Compliance. Requests to open such accounts shall be made in substantially the form of Exhibit C .
With respect to any accounts holding Covered Securities in which an Employee has a direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership interest, each Employee who is a Supervised Person may only use a broker, dealer or bank (the last only with respect to bank accounts used substantially as brokerage accounts) that complies with the electronic transmission requirements set forth in Section 4.6, below.
3.15 | Counselling and Procuring |
If you are precluded by the above provisions from entering into any transaction, you must not:
· | Advise or cause any other person to enter into such transaction; or |
· | Communicate any information or opinion to any other person if you know, or have reason to believe, that the other person will, as a result, enter into such a transaction or cause or advise someone else to do so. |
This does not apply to actions which an Employee takes in the course of their employment with MacKay. For example, the fact that an Employee is prohibited from dealing in a certain security as a result of one of the provisions above does not mean that the Employee is precluded from providing investment advice to Clients.
4. | Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements |
4.1 | Privacy Statement |
MacKay recognizes the sensitivity and personal nature of information collected under the Code, and the interests of Employees in maintaining their privacy regarding this information. MacKay’s Legal/Compliance personnel will take all necessary steps designed to ensure that all reports disclosing personal securities holdings, requests for pre-clearance of transactions and other information filed by Employees under the Code will be treated as confidential, subject only to the review by Legal/Compliance and the Compliance Committee provided in the Code or forms thereunder and review by the SEC, the FCA and other regulators and to the extent necessary to provide required reports to clients and their representatives.
4.2 | Initial Holdings and Account Reports |
At the time of becoming an Employee, but in no case later than 10 days from the Employment Date, every new Employee shall submit to Legal/Compliance, a report in substantially the form of Exhibit D , disclosing every Covered Security and Affiliated Fund in which that Employee has a direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership interest as of the Employment Date. The holdings information must be current as of a date no more than 45 days prior to the Employment Date.
At the same time, new Employees must also disclose all broker, dealer or bank accounts in which any securities (whether or not they are Covered Securities or Affiliated Fund Shares) as to which the Employee has any Beneficial Ownership interest are held, in a report in substantially the form of Exhibit E . Such accounts include Discretionary Managed Accounts (e.g., wrap accounts), in which case the Employee must certify, in a report substantially in the form of Exhibit F , that he or she has no direct or indirect influence or control over the selection or disposition of securities and no prior knowledge of transactions therein. Within 30 days of their Employment Date, new Employees are required to move such accounts holding Covered Securities to a broker, dealer or bank (the last only with respect to bank accounts used substantially as brokerage accounts) that complies with the electronic transmission requirements set forth in Section 4.6, below.
Additionally, each new Employee shall file a report in substantially the form of Exhibit G , indicating that the Employee has received, read, understood and will comply with the Code and the Related Policies.
4.3 | Quarterly Transactions and Account Reports |
Every Employee shall file with Legal/Compliance a report within 30 calendar days following the end of each calendar quarter reflecting all transactions in any Covered Security and Affiliated Fund 3 in which an Employee has,
3 | Legal/Compliance receives information on transactions in certain Affiliated Fund Shares held through the MacKay US’ 401(k) plan directly from the MacKay US’ 401(k) plan administrators. Therefore, reporting relating to these transactions need not be provided directly from the Employee. |
or by reason of such transaction acquires or disposes of, any Beneficial Ownership interest, or, alternatively, must confirm that there were no such transactions in the applicable calendar quarter. Such report shall be in substantially the form of Exhibit H .
At the same time, Employees must also disclose all broker, dealer or bank accounts in which any securities (whether or not they are Covered Securities or Affiliated Fund Shares) as to which the Employee has any Beneficial Ownership interest are held, in a report in substantially the form of Exhibit E . Such accounts include Discretionary Managed Accounts (e.g., wrap accounts), in which case the Employee must certify, in a report substantially in the form of Exhibit F , that he or she has no direct or indirect influence or control over the selection or disposition of securities and no prior knowledge of transactions therein.
4.4 | Annual Reporting |
At the end of each calendar year, but in no case later than January 30 th of the following year, every Employee shall submit to Legal/Compliance, a report disclosing every Covered Security and Affiliated Fund in which that Employee has a direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership interest as of year-end. The report shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit D . Employees must also disclose all broker, dealer or bank accounts in which any securities (whether or not they are Covered Securities or Affiliated Fund Shares) as to which the Employee has any Beneficial Ownership interest are held. The report shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit E . In the event such accounts include Discretionary Managed Accounts, the Employee shall also include a certification substantially in the form of Exhibit F .
In addition, each Employee shall file annually substantially in the form of Exhibit I a certification indicating that the Employee has received, read, understood and complied with the Code and the Related Policies.
4.5 | Electronic Reporting and Certifications |
With advance notice from Legal/Compliance, reports and certifications required to be filed by an Employee shall be made between the hours of 9:00 and 1:00 PM EST (for US employees) and 2:00 PM and 6:00 PM GMT (for UK employees) using MacKay’s automated iTrade System.. In the event that such automated system is unavailable, Employees will be advised to use the paper forms of reports as provided as Exhibits to this Code.
4.6 | Duplicate Confirmations |
Each Employee shall provide Legal/Compliance with sufficient information in Exhibit E so that Legal/Compliance can arrange for prompt filing by the broker, dealer and bank (where the bank account is used substantially as a brokerage account) with the CCO of duplicate confirmations of all trades of Covered Securities and quarterly account statements. The duplicates shall be mailed to one of the applicable addresses listed in Exhibit J hereto.
With respect to any accounts holding Covered Securities as to which the Employee has any Beneficial Ownership interest, each Supervised Person may only use a broker, dealer or bank (the last only with respect to bank accounts used substantially as brokerage accounts) that will electronically transmit duplicate monthly statements and trade confirmations to MacKay’s automated personal trading system. This requirement does not apply to:
· | Discretionary Managed Accounts |
· | 401k accounts |
· | DRIPs |
· | ESPPs |
4.7 | Reporting of Code Violations |
Each Employee shall promptly notify the CCO or General Counsel of any violation of the Code.
4.8 | Recordkeeping |
MacKay is required under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, and the Investment Company Act to keep records of certain transactions in which its Employees have direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership.
Legal/Compliance must maintain all records relating to compliance with the Code, such as pre-clearance requests, exception reports, other internal memoranda relating to non-compliant transactions, and pre-clearance records, records of violations and any actions taken as a result thereof, written acknowledgements, and the names of Employees for a minimum period of five years. Acknowledgements of the Code will be maintained for five years after the individual ceases to be an Employee.
5. | Administration |
5.1 | Mutual Fund Codes of Ethics |
Certain Employees may owe a specific duty of care to each US registered mutual fund Client based on the Employee’s status as an Access Person of that mutual fund. It has been determined that each Employee’s compliance with the Company’s Code will also satisfy the requirements of Rule 17j-1 of the Investment Company Act as well as any mutual fund that the Company currently advises or sub-advises.
5.2 | Sanctions |
Upon discovering a violation of the Code, MacKay shall take whatever remedial steps it deems necessary and available to correct an actual or apparent conflict. Following those corrective efforts, the CCO, in consultation with the General Counsel or UK Head of Legal, as applicable, may impose sanctions if, based upon all of the facts and circumstances considered, such action is deemed appropriate. The magnitude of these penalties varies with the severity of the violation, although repeat offenders will likely be subjected to harsher punishment. These sanctions may include, among others, oral or written admonishments, trade reversals, disgorgement of profits, monetary fines, suspension or termination of personal trading privileges, adverse employment action, adverse compensation action and employment suspension or termination. It is important to note that violations of the Code may occur without employee fault (e.g., despite pre-clearance). In those cases, punitive action may not be warranted, although remedial steps may still be necessary.
Factors to be considered during any review of circumstances underlying a violation may include but are not limited to:
· | Whether the act or omission was intentional or volitional; |
· | Whether mitigating or aggravating factors existed; |
· | The person’s history of prior violations of Company policy; |
· | The person’s cooperation, acknowledgement of transgression and demonstrable remorse; |
· | The person’s position and responsibilities within the Company; |
· | Whether the employee is deemed to be an Access Person, Advisory Person or Investment Personnel of a mutual fund as defined by Rule 17j-1 of the Investment Company Act; |
· | Whether the person transacted in the same security in which his/her product area has invested or could invest; |
· | Whether the person was aware of any information concerning an actual or contemplated investment in that same security for any Client account; |
· | Whether the Client account was managed by the Employee’s product area; and |
· | Whether the price at which the personal securities transaction was effected was more advantageous than the price at which the client transaction in question was effected. |
5.3 | Monitoring and Review |
Legal/Compliance, using automated systems and other methods, conducts reviews of all personal securities transactions and holdings reports with a view towards determining whether Employees have complied with all provisions of the Code. Legal/Compliance is responsible for developing and maintaining more detailed standard operating procedures around daily monitoring to detect and prevent violations of this Code.
The CCO and UK Head of Legal will undertake a quarterly review with respect to the Code to verify that the Code is being followed. The results of this review will be set forth in a quarterly summary report to MacKay’s Compliance Committee and to MacKay UK’s Management Committee, the latter as it relates to Employees of MacKay UK. The report shall specify any related concerns and recommendations and be accompanied by appropriate exhibits.
5.4 | Acknowledgment and Training |
Each Employee must certify at the time of becoming an Employee and annually thereafter, in substantially the form of Exhibit G and Exhibit I , as applicable, that he or she has read and understood, is subject to and has complied with the Code and the Related Policies. Each Employee must attend a Code of Ethics training session conducted by Compliance within a reasonable time period upon becoming an Employee. Legal/Compliance is available to all Employees at all times for questions as to the application of this Code.
5.5 | Exceptions |
The CCO, General Counsel or UK Head of Legal may grant written exceptions to provisions of the Code in circumstances that present special hardship or special situations determined not to present potential harm to Clients or conflict with the spirit and intent of the Code. The exceptions may be granted to individuals or classes of individuals with respect to particular transactions, classes of transactions or all transactions. Exceptions shall be structured to be as narrow as is reasonably practicable with appropriate safeguards designed to prevent abuse of the exception.
Exhibits
Exhibit A | Conflicts of Interest Questionnaire |
Exhibit B | Personal Securities Trading Pre-clearance Request Form |
Exhibit C | Account Pre-clearance Request Form |
Exhibit D | Employee Initial/Annual Securities Holdings Report and Certification |
Exhibit E | Brokerage Account Certification Form |
Exhibit F | Discretionary Managed Account Certification |
Exhibit G | Acknowledgement of Receipt of the Code of Ethics and Related Policies |
Exhibit H | Quarterly Transactions Report |
Exhibit I | Annual Certification of Compliance With the Code of Ethics and Related Policies |
Exhibit J | Address for Duplicate Confirmations and Statements |
Exhibit K | IPO/Limited Offering Pre-Clearance Request Form |
Exhibit L | Bi-annual Employee Compliance Certification – UK Employees Only |
Exhibit A
Conflicts of Interest Questionnaire
Name: (PLEASE PRINT) |
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Title:
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Department:
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(Please provide complete details of any “yes” answer)
Affiliations with Outside Business Entities – Exclude affiliations with MacKay Shields LLC, its subsidiaries, and its affiliates. |
1. |
Are you affiliated with any enterprise in any capacity in which you had the responsibility or ability to influence the management of such enterprise? Such capacities include, but are not limited to, officer, director, trustee, partner, employee, independent contractor or sole proprietor?
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Yes | No |
Name of Entity: | |
Nature of Business: | |
Position Held: | |
Period Position Held: |
Is the organization for profit? Yes_____ No______
or for non-profit? Yes_____ No_____
Financial Interests in Outside Business Entities – Exclude affiliations with MacKay Shields LLC, its subsidiaries, and its affiliates . |
2. | To the best of your knowledge, are you or, any member of your Immediate Family 4 employed by or serve on the board of directors of, or own, directly or indirectly, a material beneficial financial interest (that is, to your knowledge an ownership interest equal to or greater than 1% of such entity or 10% of your total net worth, whichever is less) in any of the following: |
a. | a provider of goods and/or services to the Company (e.g., PricewaterhouseCoopers or Staples?) | Yes | No |
4 “Immediate Family” - any of the following relatives sharing the same household as the Employee: child, stepchild, grandchild, parent, stepparent, grandparent, spouse, sibling, mother-in-law, father-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law, sister-in-law, including adoptive relationships. The term also includes any related or unrelated individual who resides with, or is financially dependent upon, or whose investments are controlled by, or whose financial support is materially contributed to by, the Employee, including “significant others.”
b. |
an entity which engages in commercial transactions with the Company other than as a provider as disclosed in 2a?
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Yes | No | |
c. | a business entity in which the Company also holds a financial interest? | Yes | No | |
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d. | a company whose principal business is the issue and sale of life insurance, annuities or long-term care insurance? | Yes | No |
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e. |
an insurance agency, brokerage or insurance consulting firm?
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Yes | No |
f. |
a mortgage banking concern or mortgage loan correspondent of the Company?
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Yes | No | |
g. | an investment bank, investment company, investment advisor, broker-dealer or other firm engaged in the business of buying and selling securities or providing investment advice? | Yes | No | |
h.
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an organization that provides legal, accounting, consulting, training or management services to the financial services industry? | Yes | No | |
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i. | a business that has property which is subject to a real estate mortgage held by the Company? | Yes | No |
(Please
provide complete details for any “yes” answer including persons and/or entities
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Other Financial Interests | |||
3. |
To the best of your knowledge, do you or any member of your family hold a financial interest (not disclosed in Section 2) that affects or might appear to affect the discharge of your duties and responsibilities to the Company?
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Yes | No |
(Please provide complete details for any “yes” answer)
|
Compliance with Domestic and Foreign Laws, Rules and Regulations | ||
4. | a. | Have you, directly or indirectly, been involved in any of the following within the past ten years: |
i. |
Anti-trust, copyright, or patent litigation?
|
Yes | No | ||
ii. | Civil or criminal action or administrative proceeding charging a violation of a federal or state securities law or regulation? | Yes | No | ||
iii. |
Any other criminal action or investigation?
|
Yes | No | ||
iv. | Representative actions, class actions, or derivative suits? | Yes | No | ||
v. |
A formal administrative or regulatory action by any regulatory agency or self-regulatory organization?
|
Yes | No | ||
b. | Have any punitive, exemplary or extra- contractual compensatory damages been sought, awarded, paid or part of a settlement agreement that has been entered into within the past ten years in connection with any business activity in which you were involved? | Yes | No | ||
c. |
Have you, or an organization over which you exercised control, at any time in the past:
|
i. | Been convicted of or plead guilty or nolo contendere (“no contest”) in a domestic, foreign or military court to: (a) any felony (or its equivalent offense) or (b) any misdemeanor (or its equivalent offense) involving insurance, securities, commodities, banking, real estate or any other investment-related business or activity (collectively, referred to as “investment-related activity”); fraud, false statements or omissions; wrongful taking of property; bribery; perjury; forgery; counterfeiting; extortion; or a conspiracy to commit any of these offenses? | Yes | No | ||
ii. |
Been charged with any felony or with any misdemeanor specified above in question 4 c. i.?
|
Yes | No | ||
iii. |
Been found by any domestic or foreign court in a civil action or alternative dispute resolution proceeding, or by any state or federal governmental authority or agency, self-regulatory organization, or any foreign financial regulatory authority to have violated, or been involved in a violation of, any law, rule or regulation involving any investment-related activity, fraud, false statements or omissions, wrongful taking of property or unethical behavior?
|
Yes | No | ||
iv. |
Been permanently or temporarily enjoined by any domestic or foreign court, state or federal governmental authority or agency, or self-regulatory organization from engaging in any type of business practice or activity (including, but not limited to, any investment-related activity)?
|
Yes | No |
2
v. | Had an action dismissed pursuant to a consent order or decree, or entered into a settlement agreement, in any domestic or foreign criminal, civil, administrative or regulatory or alternative dispute resolution proceeding brought against you, or an entity over which you exercised control, which was associated with any type of business practice or business activity (including, but not limited to, any investment-related activity)? | Yes | No |
d. | Are you, or based upon the activities that occurred while you exercised control over it, is any entity, currently the subject of a pending criminal or regulatory proceeding, which has not been disclosed to the Legal/Compliance Department? | Yes | No | ||
e. | Has any state or federal governmental authority or agency, or self-regulatory organization (including, but not limited to, the Securities & Exchange Commission, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, FINRA), or any foreign financial regulatory authority (including, but not limited to the SEC, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, FINRA) ever: | ||||
i. | Found you to have been involved in a violation of its rules or a cause of an investment related business having its authorization to do business denied, suspended or restricted? | Yes | No | ||
ii. |
Imposed a civil money penalty on you, or ordered you to cease and desist from any activity?
|
Yes | No | ||
iii. | Disciplined you by expelling or suspending you from membership, barring or suspending you from association with other members, or otherwise restricting your activities? | Yes | No | ||
iv. | Denied, suspended, or revoked your registration or license or otherwise prevented you, by order, from associating with an investment-related business or restricted your activity? | Yes | No | ||
f. |
Have you, prior to, or in connection with, the purchase or sale of securities for your own account, or for an account over which you had beneficial control, come into possession of and traded on material, non-public information or disclosed such information to any other person for other than a legitimate business purpose?
|
Yes | No | ||
g. | Has an authorization to act as an attorney, accountant, or federal contractor granted to you or any advisory affiliate ever been revoked or suspended? | Yes | No | ||
h. | Are you now the subject of any civil proceeding formal administrative or civil action initiated by a governmental agency, self-regulatory organization or foreign financial regulatory authority, or a criminal information or indictment that could result in a "yes" answer to any part of this Question 4? | Yes | No |
3
Relatives Employed by or Contracted with MacKay Shields
5 | a. | Do you have any relatives that work for the Company as employees, agents or consultants? | Yes | No |
Name of Relative: ___________________________________ | ||
Family Relationship: __________________________________ |
Title: ____________________________________________ |
Department: _______________________________________ |
Location: __________________________________________ |
b. | Will you supervise this relative, review their work or have influence regarding their performance evaluations, pay or benefits or will this relative supervise you, review your work or have influence regarding your performance evaluation, pay or benefits | Yes | No |
(Please provide complete details for any “yes” answer)
|
I hereby certify that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, the foregoing answers, including the details of any affirmative responses made herein, are true and complete and that I shall update these answers promptly with an amended written response as circumstances change during the year.
Signature: _________________________________ | Date: _______________________ |
4
Exhibit B
Personal Securities Trading Pre-clearance Request Form
NAME:
· | Trades must be made on the same day that approval is received. |
· | On small cap or illiquid securities where extra time is needed, advance approval by the General Counsel or Chief Compliance Officer is required. |
NOTES | BROKERAGE ACCOUNT | SECURITY TYPE |
NAME OF SECURITY |
# OF SHRS, PRINCIPAL AMOUNT, ETC. |
APPROX PRICE |
SYMBOL OR CUSIP # |
PURCHASE (P) SALE (S) |
N |
The person indicated above has stated and represents that:
a) | he/she has no insider information relating to the above referenced issuer(s); |
b) | there is no conflict of interest in these transactions with respect to client portfolios (IF A CONFLICT OF INTEREST EXIST, PLEASE CONTACT THE LEGAL/COMPLIANCE DEPARTMENT IMMEDIATELY.); and these securities are not initial public offerings or private placements. |
5
Exhibit C
Account Pre-clearance Request Form
NAME: ____________________________
General Counsel/Chief Compliance Officer:
Initials: ____________________________
APPROVED c ________________________
DISAPPROVED c ________________________
Broker, Dealer or Bank:
Name of Firm: _________________________________
Address: _________________________________
Name on Account: _________________________________
Relationship to Employee: _________________________________
6
Exhibit D
Employee Initial/Annual Securities Holdings Report and Certification
As of Date: _/_/20__
Employee Last Name, First (Telephone Ext.)
Ticker | Security type Code | Cusip | Security Name | Quantity |
Brokerage Account: Employee First and Last Name Account Number: ( )
I certify that the Reportable Securities listed above (including “Reportable Funds”, that is mutual funds advised by MacKay Shields or an affiliate) are the only such securities in which I have a direct or indirect Beneficial Interest.
Signature | Date |
7
Exhibit E
Brokerage Account Certification Statement
Employee Last Name, First (Telephone Ext.)
Account Number | Account Name | Broker Name | Initiated Date |
I certify that the above reflects all accounts (including brokerage accounts and bank accounts used substantially as brokerage accounts) that have been opened or closed with respect to Reportable Securities in which I have a direct or indirect Beneficial Interest (note that this includes the account name and number of discretionary accounts, 529 plans, 401(k) accounts, Mutual Fund accounts, automatic investment plans and dividend reinvestment plans).
Signature | Date |
8
Exhibit F
Discretionary Managed Accounts Certification
I hereby certify that during the reporting period I have had no influence or control over any investment decisions made in my discretionary managed account(s) and that the account is solely managed by a Registered Investment Adviser (“RIA”) or employee of a RIA.
_____________________________
Signature
_____________________________
Name
_____________________________
Position
__________________________
Date
__________________________
Account Name
__________________________
Account Number
9
Exhibit G
Acknowledgement of Receipt of the Code of Ethics and Related Policies
The undersigned hereby certifies that:
(i) The undersigned has received and reviewed a copy of the MacKay Shields Code of Ethics and the Related Policies, which Related Policies currently include the following:
(ii) The undersigned understands the requirements contained therein and recognizes that the undersigned is subject to the Code of Ethics and Related Policies; and
(ii) The undersigned has complied with and will comply with the Code of Ethics and Related Policies and has disclosed or reported all information required to be disclosed or reported pursuant to the Code of Ethics and the Related Policies.
(iii) The undersigned authorizes MacKay to furnish the information contained in any report filed by the individual to such federal and state agencies and to the Trustees/Directors of any mutual fund to which MacKay is the investment manager, investment adviser or sub-adviser and to clients and their representatives and as may be required or requested by law or applicable rules and regulations, on the understanding that, except for the foregoing and such requirements, the information contained in such reports shall be treated as confidential and disclosed to no one outside of MacKay without the consent of the individual submitting the report.
_______________________________
Signature
_______________________________
Print Name
_______________________________
Date
10
Exhibit H
Quarterly Transactions Report
Employee Last Name, First (Telephone Ext.)
Trans. Type | Ticker | Security Name | Trade Date | Quantity | Price |
Account Number: Broker:
I certify that the above represents all transactions in Reportable Securities of which I have a direct or indirect Beneficial Interest except for transactions in Reportable Funds sponsored by an affiliate of New York Life Insurance Company and held in MacKay Shields’ 401(k) plan.
*Reportable Securities are almost every type of investment, including private placements and hedge funds. However, Reportable Securities do not include direct obligations of the U.S. Government, bank CDs and mutual funds not affiliated with MacKay Shields – see definition in the Personal Investment Policy for the complete description. Note also that no information need be provided for securities held in an account over which you have no direct or indirect influence or control. Some examples include discretionary management accounts, automatic investment plans and dividend investment plans and dividend reinvestment plans.
Signature | Date |
11
Exhibit I
Annual Certification of Compliance with the Code of Ethics and Related Policies
I hereby certify that I have received and reviewed a copy of the MacKay Shields LLC Code of Ethics and the Related Policies, which Related Policies currently include the following:
I further certify that I am subject to the Code of Ethics and the Related Policies and have complied with all the requirements set forth therein.
________________________________________
Signature
________________________________________
Print Name
________________________________________
Date
12
Exhibit J
Address For Duplicate Confirmations and Statements
For employees of MacKay Shields LLC:
MacKay Shields LLC
1345 Avenue of the Americas
New York, NY 10105
Attention: Compliance Department
For employees of MacKay Shields UK LLP:
MacKay Shields UK LLP
53 Davies Street
London W1K5JH
Attention: Legal Department
13
Exhibit K
IPO/Limited Offering Pre-clearance Request Form
Employee Name and Title |
|
Are you a Registered Representative?* (YES or NO) |
______ Proposed investment in an Initial Public Offering (“IPO”)
Name of Security: | |
Estimated Quantity: | |
Estimated Trade Date: | |
Estimated Price: | |
Broker/Dealer (if any): | |
Brokerage Account Number: |
I represent that my trading in this investment is not based on material non-public information.
______ Proposed investment in a limited offering (i.e. private placement, hedge fund, etc.)
Estimated Date of Transaction: | |
Name of Private Investment Entity: *Please provide copy of Offering Memorandum |
|
Transaction:
|
Initial Purchase ________ Additional Purchase _________ |
Amount of Transaction (USD$, number of shares, units, interest, etc.): | |
Conflicts Review: | |
How did you become aware of the opportunity to invest in this limited offering? | |
What is the nature of your relationship with the individual or entity offering the opportunity? | |
Are you investing with any special terms? (e.g., less than required minimum amount) |
14
Are you aware of whether the Firm has any other business dealings with the sponsor or manager of this vehicle? |
I understand that approval for limited offerings will only be in effect for 90 days from the date of the Chief Compliance Officer’s signature.
Employee Signature/Date
|
|
Approved/or Denied
|
|
CCO Signature/Date |
|
UK Head of Legal Signature/ Date (only for requests made by UK Employees)
|
|
15
EXHIBIT L
MacKay Shield UK LLP
(UK Employees Only)
Bi-annual Employee Compliance Certification
Period covered:
Employee Name:
Employee Signature:
Date:
Please read the following separate reminders covering:
For each question please delete either Yes (Y) or No (N) or Not applicable (N/A) and return to your compliance officer. If there is anything that you do not understand or if you have any questions then you must contact your compliance officer immediately.
Approved Persons
Declaration:
1 | Are you an approved person carrying out a controlled function? | Y/N/NA |
2 | If yes to 1 above, have you complied with the Principle and Code of Practice during the period under review? | Y/N/NA |
3 | If yes to 1 above, have you maintained the Fit and Proper Standards of honesty, integrity, reputation, competence and capability and financial soundness for the period under review? | Y/N/NA |
16
Personal Account Dealing
Declaration:
1 | Are you aware of and do you understand the firm’s policy and rules relating to personal account dealing? | Y/N/NA |
2 | Have you undertaken any personal account dealing in any of the securities in which the Funds under the management of the firm are invested? – have you complied with the Code of Ethics during the period? | Y/N/NA |
3 | Have you undertaken any personal account dealing in any Covered Securities as defined in the Code of Ethics? | Y/N/NA |
4 | If Yes to 2 and 3, did you obtain pre-authorisation from the compliance officer before you entered into the transaction? | Y/N/NA |
5 | If you answered No to 3 you must inform the compliance officer immediately. | Y/N/NA |
MacKay Shields UK LLP (“MacKay UK”) policy:
MacKay UK must ensure that a personal account transaction by one of its partners or employees is not prohibited by the Market Abuse Directive, it does not involve the misuse or improper disclosure of confidential information and it does not conflict or be likely to conflict with an obligation of the firm to a customer under the regulatory system. Below is the firm’s personal account dealing policy.
1. The personal account dealing policy applies to all employees of the firm or anyone connected to that person who may be influenced by them in relation to investment or disinvestment.
2. The firm maintains a Restricted List and a Watch List in which individuals covered in 1 above are prohibited from trading. The lists are maintained by the MacKay Shields LLC Compliance Department and provided to the UK Head of Legal..
3. Employees must obtain pre-clearance for all transactions in Covered Securities. If approval is granted, the approval is valid for that day unless the security is traded in a foreign market, in which case the approval is valid for 24 hours from the time pre-clearance is obtained. If an employee does not execute the pre-cleared trade on the same day or within the 24 hour window for securities traded in a foreign market, then a new pre-clearance request must be resubmitted on the day the employee wishes to execute the trade.
4. This policy does not apply to (a) personal transactions effected under a discretionary portfolio management service where there is no prior communication in connection with the transaction between the investment manager and the employee or other person
17
related to the employee for whose account the transaction is executed (b) personal transactions in units or shares in collective undertakings that comply with the conditions necessary to enjoy the rights conferred by the UCITS Directive or are subject to supervision under the law of an EEA State which requires an equivalent level of risk spreading in their assets, where the relevant person and any other person for whose account the transactions are effected, are not involved in the management of that undertaking, (c) Excepted Securities as defined in the Code of Ethics, and (c) personal transactions in life insurance policies
All employees of MacKay UK are reminded that when their duties involve advising clients and others on investment matters they should ensure that they do not act on a personal basis in a way that may be in conflict with their client’s interests. Their actions must be justifiable in all circumstances .
The MacKay UK Management Committee will review the personal account dealing policy at least once a year.
Money Laundering
Declaration:
1 | Are you aware of and do you understand the firm’s policy and rules relating to the prevention of Money Laundering and the Public Interest Disclosure Act (i.e. whistle blowing)? | Y/N/NA |
2 | Do you have or have you had any suspicions about any activities of the firm or its customers in relation to money laundering or any other criminal activities? | Y/N/NA |
3 |
If Yes to 2, did you report them to the MLRO (name of MLRO)?
|
Y/N/NA |
4 | If Yes to 2 and No to 3, you must report them now. | Y/N/NA |
Gifts and Inducements:
Declaration:
1 | Are you aware of and do you understand the firm’s policy and rules relating to the giving and receiving of gifts and entertainment? | Y/N/NA |
2 | Have you received or given any gifts and entertainment during the relevant period relating to this report? | Y/N/NA |
3 | If Yes to 2, were they over the value of £50 per person? | Y/N/NA |
4 | Yes to 3, did you report the gifts and entertainment activity to the Compliance Department through the Gift & Entertainment Reporting Database? | Y/N/NA |
5 | No to 4, you must report them now. | Y/N/NA |
18
Use of Dealing Commission to Purchase Goods or Services
Declaration:
1 | Are you aware of and do you understand the firm’s policy and rules relating to the use of dealing commission to purchase goods or services? | Y/N/NA |
2 | Have you complied with the policy as set out below? | Y/N/NA |
3 | If the answer to 2 is “No” you must inform the Compliance Department immediately. | Y/N/NA |
Training and Competence
The FCA Handbook requires a firm to ensure that its directors and staff remain competent at all times to carry out the responsibilities which have been delegated to them.
In order for the firm to do this please complete the declaration below.
1 | Have you passed any industry specific examinations since the last review? | Y/N/NA |
2 | Please give brief details of any other relevant activity which has helped to maintain your competence since the last review i.e. conferences, seminars, reading materials |
Details:
Material Interests and Conflicts
1 | Other than the material interests and conflicts noted in the firm’s register as set out in the compliance manual, are you aware of any other material interest or conflicts that you or the firm has? | Y/N/NA |
2 | Have you reported all of your outside business activities, directorships, etc.? | Y/N/NA |
3 | Did you obtain pre-approval from the Compliance Department for your outside business activities, directorships, etc. | Y/N/NA |
4 | Have there been any changes to your connected person’s details since the last review that could create a material interest or conflict? Outside business activities, directorships, etc. | Y/N/NA |
Details: (if you have noted yes in 1 above)
19
Financial Promotions
1 | Have you sent out any new marketing material during the period under review? | Y?N?NA |
2 | If yes to 1 above, was it approved by the Legal and/or Compliance Department? | Y/N/NA |
3 | Did you contact any new potential clients or potential investors of the firm? | Y/N/NA |
4 | If yes to 3 above, did you complete the client contact spreadsheet? | Y/N/NA |
Market Abuse
1 | Have you been invited to receive inside information by one of the firm’s counterparties during the period? | Y/N/NA |
2 | If yes to 1, have you reported it to the Legal and/or Compliance Department? | Y/N/NA |
3 | If you have answered yes to 1 but No to 2, you must inform the Legal and/or Compliance Department immediately. | Y/N/NA |
20
Exhibit (q)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned constitutes and appoints each of Matthew V. Curtin, David L. Fogel, Adam S. Patti and Adefolahan Oyefeso as her true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, each with full power of substitution and resubstitution for her in her name, place and stead, to sign any and all Registration Statements applicable to IndexIQ ETF Trust, IndexIQ Trust and IndexIQ Active ETF Trust and any and all amendments or supplements thereto, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission and the states, granting unto each such attorney-in-fact and agent full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done, as fully to all intents and purposes as she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that each such attorney-in-fact and agent, or their substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof. The undersigned hereby revokes any Powers of Attorney previously granted with respect to the Trust concerning the filings and actions described herein.
/s/ Reena Aggarwa1
Reena Aggarwal, Trustee
December 8, 2016
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned constitutes and appoints each of Matthew V. Curtin, David L. Fogel and Adefolahan Oyefeso as his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, each with full power of substitution and resubstitution for him in his name, place and stead, to sign any and all Registration Statements applicable to IndexIQ ETF Trust, IndexIQ Trust and IndexIQ Active ETF Trust and any and all amendments or supplements thereto, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission and the states, granting unto each such attorney-in-fact and agent full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that each such attorney-in-fact and agent, or their substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof. The undersigned hereby revokes any Powers of Attorney previously granted with respect to the Trust concerning the filings and actions described herein.
/s/ Adam S. Patti
Adam S. Patti, Trustee
December 8, 2016
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned constitutes and appoints each of Matthew V. Curtin, David L. Fogel, Adam S. Patti and Adefolahan Oyefeso as his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, each with full power of substitution and resubstitution for him in his name, place and stead, to sign any and all Registration Statements applicable to IndexIQ ETF Trust, IndexIQ Trust and IndexIQ Active ETF Trust and any and all amendments or supplements thereto, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission and the states, granting unto each such attorney-in-fact and agent full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that each such attorney-in-fact and agent, or their substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof. The undersigned hereby revokes any Powers of Attorney previously granted with respect to the Trust concerning the filings and actions described herein.
/s/ Michael A. Pignataro
Michael A. Pignataro, Trustee
December 8, 2016
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned constitutes and appoints each of Matthew V. Curtin, David L. Fogel, Adam S. Patti and Adefolahan Oyefeso as his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, each with full power of substitution and resubstitution for him in his name, place and stead, to sign any and all Registration Statements applicable to IndexIQ ETF Trust, IndexIQ Trust and IndexIQ Active ETF Trust and any and all amendments or supplements thereto, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission and the states, granting unto each such attorney-in-fact and agent full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that each such attorney-in-fact and agent, or their substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof. The undersigned hereby revokes any Powers of Attorney previously granted with respect to the Trust concerning the filings and actions described herein.
/s/ Paul D. Schaeffer
Paul D. Schaeffer, Trustee
December 8, 2016