As Filed With the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 2, 2017

 

Securities Act Registration No. 333-215588

 Investment Company Act Reg. No. 811-23226

 

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM N-1A

 

REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

Pre-Effective Amendment No. 3

 

Post-Effective Amendment No. __

and/or

 

REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940

 

Amendment No. 3

 

(Check appropriate box or boxes.)

 

ACTIVE WEIGHTING FUNDS ETF TRUST

 

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)

 

Matthew Clements

200 Vesey Street, 24 th Floor

New York, NY 10281

 

(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)

 

Copies to:

 

Kathleen H. Moriarty, Esq. & Gregory E. Xethalis, Esq.

Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP

250 West 55 th Street

New York, NY 10019-9710

 

Approximate Date of Proposed Public Offering: As soon as practicable after the effective date of this registration statement.

 

Title of Securities being Registered: Shares of Beneficial Interest, no par value.

 

The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

 

 

 

 

THE INFORMATION IN THIS PROSPECTUS IS NOT COMPLETE AND MAY BE CHANGED. WE MAY NOT SELL THESE SECURITIES UNTIL THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION IS EFFECTIVE. THIS PROSPECTUS IS NOT AN OFFER TO SELL THESE SECURITIES AND IS NOT SOLICITING AN OFFER TO BUY THESE SECURITIES IN ANY STATE WHERE THE OFFER OR SALE IS NOT PERMITTED.

 

Preliminary Prospectus  

Dated October 2, 2017

Subject to Completion

 

PROSPECTUS | [__], 2017

 

ACTIVE WEIGHTING FUNDS ETF TRUST

 

(EVENT SHARES LOGO)  

 

Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust (the “ Trust ”) is a registered investment company that consists of separate investment portfolios called “ Funds .” This Prospectus relates to the following Funds

 

Name CUSIP Symbol
Republican Policies Fund 00509T102 GOP
Democratic Policies Fund 00509T201 DEMS
U.S. Tax Reform Fund 00509T300 TAXR
European Union Breakup Fund 00509T409 EXIT

 

Each Fund is an exchange-traded fund. This means that shares of the Funds are listed on a national securities exchange, the Bats BZX Exchange (“ Exchange ” or “ Bats BZX ”), and trade at market prices. The market price for each Fund’s shares may be different from its net asset value per share (the “ NAV ”). Shares of each Fund are not individually redeemable. Each Fund has its own CUSIP number and exchange trading symbol.

 

NEITHER THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION (“SEC”) NOR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION HAS APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED OF THESE SECURITIES OR PASSED UPON THE ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.

 

Not FDIC Insured | May Lose Value | No Bank Guarantee

 

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

REPUBLICAN POLICIES FUND 1
DEMOCRATIC POLICIES FUND 7
U.S. TAX REFORM FUND 13
EUROPEAN UNION BREAKUP FUND 19
OVERVIEW 27
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRINCIPAL STRATEGIES OF THE FUNDS 27
ADDITIONAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES 30
ADDITIONAL DESCRIPTION OF THE PRINCIPAL RISKS OF THE FUNDS 31
ADDITIONAL RISKS 39
CONTINUOUS OFFERING 41
CREATION AND REDEMPTION OF CREATION UNITS 42
BUYING AND SELLING SHARES IN THE SECONDARY MARKET 43
MANAGEMENT 43
OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS 45
FREQUENT TRADING 45
DISTRIBUTION AND SERVICE PLAN 46
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE (NAV) 46
INDICATIVE INTRA-DAY VALUE 47
PREMIUM/DISCOUNT INFORMATION 47
DIVIDENDS, DISTRIBUTIONS AND TAXES 47
CODE OF ETHICS 52
FUND WEBSITE AND DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS 52
OTHER INFORMATION 52
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS 53
PRIVACY POLICY 53
FREQUENTLY USED TERMS 54

 

 

 

 

REPUBLICAN POLICIES FUND

 

Investment Objective

 

The Republican Policies Fund’s (the “ Fund ”) investment objective is to seek capital appreciation by investing in market segments that Active Weighting Advisors LLC (the “ Advisor ”) believes will be impacted by the enactment of Republican Policies (as defined below).

 

 

Fees and Expenses of the Fund

 

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund (“ Shares ”). Investors purchasing Shares on a national securities exchange, national securities association or over-the-counter trading system where Shares may trade from time to time (each, a “ Secondary Market ”) may be subject to customary brokerage commissions charged by their broker that are not reflected in the table set forth below.

 

Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment):

 

No shareholder fees are levied by the Fund for purchases and sales made on the Secondary Market. Investments in the Fund are subject to the Annual Fund Operating Expenses, below.

 

Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):

 

Management Fee 0.75 %
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees 0.00 %
Other Expenses (a) 0.03 %
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses 0.78 %
Fee Waiver and Expense Reimbursement (b) (0.03) %
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver 0.75 %

 

 

(a) The Fund has not yet commenced operations and Other Expenses are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year.

(b) The Advisor has contractually agreed to waive the fees and reimburse expenses of the Fund until at least October 31, 2018 so that the total annual operating expenses (exclusive of interest, taxes and governmental fees, brokerage fees, commissions, acquired fund fees, dividend payments on short sales, other expenditures which are capitalized in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, other extraordinary expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of a Fund’s business, and amounts, if any, payable pursuant to a plan adopted in accordance with Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940) and organizational costs (“ Operating Expenses ”) of the Fund are limited to 0.75% of average net assets. After such date, the expense limitation may be renewed, terminated or revised by the Advisor.

 

Example. This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. This example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you pay when purchasing or selling Shares of the Fund. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain at current levels. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

1 Year 

3 Years 

$ 77 $ 240

 

1  

 

 

Portfolio Turnover. The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual Fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance. This rate excludes the value of portfolio securities received or delivered as a result of any in kind creations or redemptions of the Fund’s Shares. As of the date of this Prospectus, the Fund has not yet commenced operations.

 

Principal Investment Strategies

 

The Fund is an actively managed exchange-traded fund (“ ETF ”) that seeks to achieve its objective by investing, including both long and short positions, primarily in equity securities traded in U.S. markets.

 

The Fund typically holds equity securities of a limited number of issuers, generally 30 to 75, and invests in issuers with a market capitalization greater than $250 million USD. The Fund may, to a limited extent, invest in equity securities traded in non-U.S. markets, including emerging market equity securities, as well as fixed income securities, derivatives, currencies, and commodities. The Fund will be subject to active turnover, generally on a quarterly basis, throughout market cycles based on the outlook of the Advisor. At the discretion of the Advisor, the Fund may actively add and remove positions intra-quarter based on changing market conditions.

 

Investment Objective Definition

 

The Fund takes positions in securities that are expected by the Advisor to appreciate in value as a result of U.S. government actions that reflect Republican Policies identified by the Advisor. The Advisor defines, based upon its discretionary analysis, the beliefs, party platforms, and executive and legislative priorities of the Republican party as “Republican Policies.” The Advisor incorporates both the federal and state levels of government in its analysis of the Republican party, with the primary focus being on the federal level of government.

 

The Advisor considers a policy to be a legislative action, executive action, or regulatory action that changes or will change how: (1) companies operate within a specific sector; (2) individuals interact with companies, the government, or each other; and/or (3) companies and individuals are regulated and supervised by U.S. government agencies. As of the date of this Prospectus, examples of Republican Policies include, but are not limited to, bills, regulations, and/or governmental guidelines that:

 

decrease the regulatory requirements of companies operating within the Financials sector;

increase the amount of the U.S. government budget allocated to the Aerospace and Defense industry;

reduce the regulatory requirements associated with or provide incentives related to the drilling and production functions of the Energy sector in order to promote U.S. energy independence;

strengthen or enforce immigration laws, such as restricting the number of available immigrant visas or increasing the legal consequences for individuals violating immigration laws; and

decrease the U.S corporate income tax rate.

 

The Advisor will, based on its discretionary analysis, identify policies it views as priorities for the Republican party. At any given time, the Advisor generally identifies four to ten Republican Policies for consideration in constructing the Fund’s portfolio. The Republican Policies selected for consideration may, but are not required to include the above examples.

 

Security Selection Process

 

In its fundamental research and proprietary security selection process, the Advisor searches for sectors and issuers that it views as directly exposed to Republican Policies. The Advisor’s research and analysis leverages insights from diverse sources, including external research, to capture trends that have implications for individual issuers or entire sectors. During this fundamental research process, the Advisor screens for issuers that have the potential to either experience significant multi-year earnings growth or significant business model disruption. This process requires the Advisor to review each sector and/or company’s fundamental characteristics.

 

2  

 

 

In respect of government action reflecting Republican Policies, the Fund initiates long positions in the securities of issuers (or sectors) that the Advisor believes will appreciate in value as a result of the implementation of such Republican Policies and short positions in the securities of issuers (or sectors) that the Advisor believes will depreciate in value as a result of the implementation of such Republican Policies.

 

The weight of each security within the portfolio will be rebalanced quarterly. As of each quarterly rebalance date, each security within the portfolio will be weighted equally regardless of its market capitalization or other fundamental characteristics.

 

In determining whether to exit an investment position of the Fund, the Advisor uses the same type of analysis it uses in initiating a position by purchasing or shorting a security. The Advisor continuously reviews each security for exposure to its associated Republican Policy. If a security, based on the Advisor’s discretionary analysis, is determined to no longer be exposed to its associated Republican Policy or if the investment position has appreciated in value as compared to the Advisor’s expectations, the Fund will exit the investment position by selling the security or covering the short, as applicable. Additionally, if the Advisor removes a Republican Policy from consideration in constructing the portfolio, the investment positions relating to such policy will be exited.

 

In addition to equities, the Fund may invest in fixed income securities. The Fund may utilize, to a limited extent, futures contracts, swap contracts and option contracts to obtain or hedge exposure to any security selected as part of its investment process. The Fund may also invest, to a limited extent, in commodities positions through exposure obtained through futures contracts, swap contracts, option contracts or exchange-traded vehicles (including ETFs, ETNs and exchange-traded commodities).

 

The Fund will be constructed and managed in accordance with the Advisor’s current views of Republican party priorities. Government action that is not aligned with Republican Policies may negatively impact the Fund’s portfolio. The Advisor does not intend to hedge the portfolio against, or otherwise take defensive positions with respect to, government action that may not be aligned with Republican Policies.

 

For additional information about the Fund’s principal investment strategies, including the policy research and the security selection processes, see “Description of the Principal Strategies of the Funds.”

 

Principal Risks

 

Investors in the Fund should be willing to accept a high degree of volatility in the price of the Fund’s Shares and the possibility of significant losses. An investment in the Fund involves a substantial degree of risk and the Fund does not represent a complete investment program. Therefore, you should consider carefully the following risks before investing in the Fund. A more complete discussion of Principal Risks is included under “Description of the Principal Risks of the Funds.”

 

LOSING ALL OR A PORTION OF YOUR INVESTMENT IS A RISK OF INVESTING IN THE FUND. GOVERNMENT ACTION THAT IS NOT IN LINE WITH REPUBLICAN POLICIES, AS WELL AS OTHER FACTORS BESIDES GOVERNMENT ACTION, MAY RESULT IN LOSSES. The following additional risks could affect the value of your investment:

 

Absence of Prior Active Market Risk. Although the Shares in the Fund are approved for listing on the Bats BZX, there can be no assurance that an active trading market will develop and be maintained for the Shares of the Fund, particularly during periods of market stress. Therefore, there may be times when there is little, sporadic or no market liquidity for Shares, which could negatively affect the price of such Shares. As a new fund, there can be no assurance that the Fund will grow to or maintain an economically viable size, in which case the Fund may ultimately liquidate.

 

Asset Allocation Risk. The Fund’s investment performance depends upon the successful allocation by the Fund’s management team of the Fund’s assets among asset classes, geographical regions, industry sectors, and specific issuers and investments. There is no guarantee that the management team’s allocation techniques and decisions will produce the desired results. The Fund’s selection and weighting of asset classes may cause it to underperform other funds with a similar investment objective.

 

3  

 

 

Authorized Participant Risk. Only certain large institutions (each, an “ Authorized Participant ”) may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the Fund. The Fund has a limited number of institutions that may act as Authorized Participants on an agency basis (i.e., on behalf of other market participants). To the extent that those Authorized Participants exit the business or are unable to proceed with creation and/or redemption orders with the Fund and no other Authorized Participant is able to step forward to engage in creation and redemption transactions with the Fund, Fund Shares may be more likely to trade at a premium or discount to NAV and possibly face trading halts and/or delisting. This risk may be enhanced to the extent the securities held by the Fund are traded outside of a collateralized settlement system, such as with certain debt securities and non-US securities.

 

Commodities Risk . Investing in the commodities markets (directly or indirectly) may subject the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities, and exposure to commodities can cause the net asset value of Fund Shares to decline or fluctuate in a rapid and unpredictable manner.

 

Debt Securities Risk. Interest rates may go up resulting in a decrease in the value of the debt securities held by the Fund. Credit risk is the risk that an issuer will not make timely payments of principal and interest. There is also the risk that an issuer may “call,” or repay, its high yielding bonds before their maturity dates. Debt securities subject to prepayment can offer less potential for gains during a declining interest rate environment and similar or greater potential for loss in a rising interest rate environment. Limited trading opportunities for certain debt securities may make it more difficult to sell or buy a security at a favorable price or time.

 

Derivatives Risk. A derivative is a financial contract the value of which depends on, or is derived from, the value of a financial asset (such as stock, bond or currency), a physical asset (such as gold) or a market index (such as the S&P 500 Index). The Fund may invest in swaps, options and futures contracts. Swaps are contracts in which one party agrees to make periodic payments to the other party based on the change in market value or level of a specified rate, index or asset in return for payments based on the return of a different specified rate, index or asset. Options involve the payment or receipt of a premium by an investor and the corresponding right or obligation to either purchase or sell the underlying security for a specific price at a certain time or during a certain period. Futures contracts generally provide for the future sale by one party and purchase by another party of a specified commodity or security at a specified future time and at a specified price. Compared to conventional securities, derivatives can be more sensitive to changes in interest rates or to sudden fluctuations in market prices and thus a Fund’s losses may be greater if it invests in derivatives than if it invests only in conventional securities.

 

Developed Countries Risk . Investment in developed country issuers may subject the Fund to regulatory, political, currency, security, economic and other risks associated with developed countries. Developed countries generally tend to rely on services sectors (e.g., the financial services sector), and a prolonged slowdown in one or more services sectors is likely to have a negative impact on economies of certain developed countries. Acts of terrorism in developed countries or against their interests may cause uncertainty in the financial markets and adversely affect the performance of the issuers to which the Fund has exposure. Many developed countries are heavily indebted and face rising healthcare and retirement expenses. In addition, price fluctuations of certain commodities and regulations impacting the import of commodities may negatively affect developed country economies.

 

Equity Securities Risk. Common stocks are susceptible to general stock market fluctuations and to volatile increases and decreases in value as market confidence in and perceptions of their issuers change. If you held common stock, or common stock equivalents, of any given issuer, you would generally be exposed to greater risk than if you held preferred stocks and debt obligations of such issuer.

 

Exchange-Traded Vehicle Risk . The Fund may invest in ETFs, exchange-traded notes (“ ETNs ”) and other exchange-traded products (collectively with ETFs and ETNs, “ ETPs ”). A Fund’s investment in an ETP is exposed to additional expenses, underlying risks and market structure risks that relate to such ETP.

 

Fluctuation of Net Asset Value. The net asset value (“ NAV ”) of the Fund’s Shares will generally fluctuate with changes in market value of the Fund’s holdings. The market prices of the Fund’s Shares will generally fluctuate in accordance with changes in NAV as well as the relative supply and demand for the Shares on the Exchange. The

 

4  

 

 

Advisor cannot predict whether Shares will trade below, at, or above their NAV, and an investor may sustain losses if Shares are purchased at a time when their market price is at a premium (above) their NAV, or sold at a time when their market price is at a discount to (below) their NAV.

 

Geographic Risk. A natural or other disaster could occur in a geographic region in which the Fund invests, which could affect the economy or particular business operations of companies in the specific geographic region, causing an adverse impact on the Fund’s investments in the affected region.

 

Issuer Risk. From time to time the Fund may have exposure to a limited number of issuers. During such times, the Fund is more susceptible to the risk that an issuer’s securities may decline (or appreciate, for short positions) in value.

 

Large-Capitalization Securities Risk. Returns on investments in securities of large companies could trail the returns on investments in securities of smaller and mid-sized companies.

 

Management Risk. Your investment in the Fund varies with the success and failure of the Fund management team’s investment strategies and the Fund management team’s research, analysis, and determination of portfolio securities. If the Advisor’s investment strategies, including its stop loss and goal setting process, do not produce the expected results, the value of the Fund would decrease. The Advisor is newly formed and it and the portfolio managers have no experience managing an ETF.

 

Market Risk. The Fund could lose money over short periods due to short-term market movements and over longer periods during market downturns.

 

Market Trading Risk. The Fund is a new fund and faces numerous market trading risks, including the potential lack of an active market for Fund Shares, losses from trading in secondary markets, periods of high volatility and disruption in the creation/redemption process of the Fund. Although it is expected that generally the exchange price of the Shares will approximate the Fund’s NAV, there may be times when the market price in the Secondary Market and the NAV vary significantly. ANY OF THESE FACTORS, AMONG OTHERS, MAY LEAD TO THE FUND’S SHARES TRADING AT A PREMIUM OR DISCOUNT TO NAV.

 

Model Risk . There can be no assurance that any particular model or investment strategy for security selection or analysis of political, policy or economic themes, including those devised by the Advisor, will be profitable for any Fund, and may result in a loss of principal.

 

Political and Social Risk . Unanticipated political or social developments may result in sudden and significant investment losses. Political and social developments that are anticipated but at odds with a Fund’s theme may result in sudden and significant investment losses.

 

Security Risk . Some geographic areas in which the Fund invests have experienced acts of terrorism and strained international relations due to territorial disputes, historical animosities, defense concerns and other security concerns. These situations may cause uncertainty in the political and economic markets of these geographic areas and may adversely affect their economies.

 

Seed Investor Risk . The Advisor expects to make payments to one or more investors that contribute seed capital to the Fund. Such payments will be made from the assets of the Advisor and not by the Fund. Seed investors may contribute all or a majority of the assets in the Fund, and there is a risk that such seed investors may redeem their investments in the Fund. As with redemptions by other large shareholders, such redemptions could have a significant negative impact on the Fund.

 

Shares are Not Individually Redeemable. Shares are only redeemable by the Fund at NAV if they are tendered in large blocks known as “Creation Units,” which are expected to be worth in excess of $500 thousand each. Individual Shares may be sold on a stock exchange at their current market prices, which may be less, more or equal to their NAV. See “Market Trading Risk.”

 

Short Selling Risk . Short positions entered into by the Fund may involve higher risks and costs, and

 

5  

 

  

potential losses relating to such investments are not typically limited.

 

Small- and Medium-Sized Companies Risk. Investing in securities of small and medium capitalization companies may involve greater volatility than investing in larger and more established companies because small and medium capitalization companies can be subject to more abrupt or erratic share price changes than larger, more established companies.

 

U.S. Tax Risk . To qualify for the favorable U.S. federal income tax treatment accorded to regulated investment companies, each Fund must satisfy certain income, asset diversification, and distribution requirements. If, for any taxable year, the Fund does not qualify as a regulated investment company, all of its taxable income (including its net capital gain) for that year would be subject to tax at regular corporate rates without any deduction for distributions to its shareholders, and such distributions would be taxable to its shareholders as dividend income to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits. If the Fund does not qualify as a regulated investment company, there will be reduced monies from which to pay shareholders a dividend.

 

Performance Information

 

As of the date of this Prospectus, the Fund has not yet commenced operations and therefore does not report its performance information. When the Fund has been in operation for one full calendar year, performance information will be shown here. Updated performance information will be available on the Fund’s “Website,” at www.eventshares.com or by calling the Fund toll-free at 1-877-539-1510.

 

Management

 

Investment Advisor. Active Weighting Advisors LLC is the Fund’s investment advisor and will be responsible to the Fund for its day-to-day investment management. The Advisor is newly formed for the purpose of managing the ETFs.

 

Portfolio Manager. The portfolio manager responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund is Benjamin Phillips, Chief Investment Officer of the Advisor. Mr. Phillips has served as portfolio manager of the Fund since commencement of operations in 2017.

 

Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares

 

The Fund is an ETF. Unlike conventional mutual funds, the Fund issues and redeems Shares on a continuous basis, at NAV, only in Creation Units comprised of blocks of 25,000 Shares, or whole multiples thereof. Shares are not individually redeemable, and may only be issued to or redeemed by or through Authorized Participants. The Fund’s Creation Units are issued and redeemed principally “in kind” for securities included in the Fund, but may also be issued and redeemed for cash. Retail investors may acquire Shares on the Bats BZX through a broker-dealer. Shares of the Fund will trade on the Secondary Market at market price rather than NAV. As such, Shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).

 

Tax Information

 

The Fund’s distributions are expected to be taxed as ordinary income, qualified dividend income and/or capital gains, unless you are investing through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or individual retirement account. However, subsequent withdrawals from such a tax-advantaged account may be subject to U.S. federal income tax. You should consult your tax advisor about your specific situation.

 

Financial Intermediary Compensation

 

If you purchase the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund Shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.

 

6  

 

 

DEMOCRATIC POLICIES FUND

 

Investment Objective

 

The Democratic Policies Fund’s (the “ Fund ”) investment objective is to seek capital appreciation by investing in market segments that Active Weighting Advisors LLC (the “ Advisor ”) believes will be impacted by the enactment of Democratic Policies (as defined below).

 

Fees and Expenses of the Fund

 

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund (“ Shares ”). Investors purchasing Shares on a national securities exchange, national securities association or over-the-counter trading system where Shares may trade from time to time (each, a “ Secondary Market ”) may be subject to customary brokerage commissions charged by their broker that are not reflected in the table set forth below.

 

Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment):

 

No shareholder fees are levied by the Fund for purchases and sales made on the Secondary Market. Investments in the Fund are subject to the Annual Fund Operating Expenses, below.

 

Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):

 

Management Fee 0.75 %
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees 0.00 %
Other Expenses (a) 0.03 %
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses 0.78 %
Fee Waiver and Expense Reimbursement (b) (0.03) %
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver 0.75 %

 

 

(a) The Fund has not yet commenced operations and Other Expenses are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year.

(b) The Advisor has contractually agreed to waive the fees and reimburse expenses of the Fund until at least October 31, 2018 so that the total annual operating expenses (exclusive of interest, taxes and governmental fees, brokerage fees, commissions, acquired fund fees, dividend payments on short sales, other expenditures which are capitalized in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, other extraordinary expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of a Fund’s business, and amounts, if any, payable pursuant to a plan adopted in accordance with Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940) and organizational costs (“ Operating Expenses ”) of the Fund are limited to 0.75% of average net assets. After such date, the expense limitation may be renewed, terminated or revised by the Advisor.

 

Example. This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. This example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you pay when purchasing or selling Shares of the Fund. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain at current levels. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

1 Year

3 Years

$ 77 $ 240

 

Portfolio Turnover. The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result

 

7  

 

 

in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual Fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance. This rate excludes the value of portfolio securities received or delivered as a result of any in kind creations or redemptions of the Fund’s Shares. As of the date of this Prospectus, the Fund has not yet commenced operations.

 

Principal Investment Strategies

 

The Fund is an actively managed exchange-traded fund (“ ETF ”) that seeks to achieve its objective by investing, including both long and short positions, primarily in equity securities traded in U.S. markets.

 

The Fund typically holds equity securities of a limited number of issuers, generally 30 to 75, and invests in issuers with a market capitalization greater than $250 million USD. The Fund may, to a limited extent, invest in equity securities traded in non-U.S. markets, including emerging market equity securities, as well as fixed income securities, derivatives, currencies, and commodities. The Fund will be subject to active turnover, generally on a quarterly basis, throughout market cycles based on the outlook of the Advisor. At the discretion of the Advisor, the Fund may actively add and remove positions intra-quarter based on changing market conditions.

 

Investment Objective Definition

 

The Fund takes positions in securities that are expected by the Advisor to appreciate in value as a result of U.S. government actions that reflect Democratic Policies identified by the Advisor. The Advisor defines, based upon its discretionary analysis, the beliefs, party platforms, and executive and legislative priorities of the Democratic party as “ Democratic Policies .” The Advisor incorporates both the federal and state levels of government in its analysis of the Democratic party, with the primary focus being on the federal level of government.

 

The Advisor considers a policy to be a legislative action, executive action, or regulatory action that changes or will change how: (1) companies operate within a specific sector; (2) individuals interact with companies, the government, or each other; and/or (3) companies and individuals are regulated and supervised by U.S. government agencies. As of the date of this Prospectus, examples of Democratic Policies include, but are not limited to, bills, regulations, and/or governmental guidelines that:

 

increase the opportunity of immigrants to obtain visas or attain U.S. citizenship;

increase the ability of individuals to attend higher education programs;

are expected to result in an increase in the wages and incomes of U.S. workers, such as increases in minimum wage rates;

reduce the regulatory requirements associated with or provide incentives related to clean and renewable energy and environmental protections;

implement a progressive tax system in the U.S.; and

introduce a single payer health care system or increase the ability of individuals to obtain health insurance.

 

The Advisor will, based on its discretionary analysis, identify policies it views as priorities for the Democratic party. At any given time, the Advisor generally identifies four to ten Democratic Policies for consideration in constructing the Fund’s portfolio. The Democratic Policies selected for consideration may, but are not required to include the above examples.

 

Security Selection Process

 

In its fundamental research and proprietary security selection process, the Advisor searches for sectors and issuers that it views as directly exposed to Democratic Policies. The Advisor’s research and analysis leverages insights from diverse sources, including external research, to capture trends that have implications for individual issuers or entire sectors. During this fundamental research process, the Advisor screens for issuers that have the potential to either experience significant multi-year earnings growth or significant business model disruption. This process requires the Advisor to review each sector and/or company’s fundamental characteristics.

 

8  

 

  

In respect of government action reflecting Democratic Policies, the Fund initiates long positions in the securities of issuers (or sectors) that the Advisor believes will appreciate in value as a result of the implementation of such Democratic Policies and short positions in the securities of issuers (or sectors) that the Advisor believes will depreciate in value as a result of the implementation of such Democratic Policies.

 

The weight of each security within the portfolio will be rebalanced quarterly. As of each quarterly rebalance date, each security within the portfolio will be weighted equally regardless of its market capitalization or other fundamental characteristics.

 

In determining whether to exit an investment position of the Fund, the Advisor uses the same type of analysis it uses in initiating a position by purchasing or shorting a security. The Advisor continuously reviews each security for exposure to its associated Democratic Policy. If a security, based on the Advisor’s discretionary analysis, is determined to no longer be exposed to its associated Democratic Policy or if the investment position has appreciated in value as compared to the Advisor’s expectations, the Fund will exit the investment position by selling the security or covering the short, as applicable. Additionally, if the Advisor removes a Democratic Policy from consideration in constructing the portfolio, the investment positions relating to such policy will be exited.

 

In addition to equities, the Fund may invest in fixed income securities. The Fund may utilize, to a limited extent, futures contracts, swap contracts and option contracts to obtain or hedge exposure to any security selected as part of its investment process. The Fund may also invest, to a limited extent, in commodities positions through exposure obtained through futures contracts, swap contracts, option contracts or exchange-traded vehicles (including ETFs, ETNs and exchange-traded commodities).

 

The Fund will be constructed and managed in accordance with the Advisor’s current views of Democratic party priorities. Government action that is not aligned with Democratic Policies may negatively impact the Fund’s portfolio. The Advisor does not intend to hedge the portfolio against, or otherwise take defensive positions with respect to, government action that may not be aligned with Democratic Policies.

 

For additional information about the Fund’s principal investment strategies, including the policy research and the security selection processes, see “Description of the Principal Strategies of the Funds.”

 

Principal Risks

 

Investors in the Fund should be willing to accept a high degree of volatility in the price of the Fund’s Shares and the possibility of significant losses. An investment in the Fund involves a substantial degree of risk and the Fund does not represent a complete investment program. Therefore, you should consider carefully the following risks before investing in the Fund. A more complete discussion of Principal Risks is included under “Description of the Principal Risks of the Funds.”

 

LOSING ALL OR A PORTION OF YOUR INVESTMENT IS A RISK OF INVESTING IN THE FUND. GOVERNMENT ACTION THAT IS NOT IN LINE WITH DEMOCRATIC POLICIES, AS WELL AS OTHER FACTORS BESIDES GOVERNMENT ACTION, MAY RESULT IN LOSSES. The following additional risks could affect the value of your investment:

 

Absence of Prior Active Market Risk. Although the Shares in the Fund are approved for listing on the Bats BZX, there can be no assurance that an active trading market will develop and be maintained for the Shares of the Fund, particularly during periods of market stress. Therefore, there may be times when there is little, sporadic or no market liquidity for Shares, which could negatively affect the price of such Shares. As a new fund, there can be no assurance that the Fund will grow to or maintain an economically viable size, in which case the Fund may ultimately liquidate.

 

Asset Allocation Risk. The Fund’s investment performance depends upon the successful allocation by the Fund’s management team of the Fund’s assets among asset classes, geographical regions, industry sectors, and specific issuers and investments. There is no guarantee that the management team’s allocation techniques and decisions will produce the desired results. The Fund’s selection and weighting of asset classes may cause it to underperform other funds with a similar investment objective.

 

9  

 

 

Authorized Participant Risk. Only certain large institutions (each, an “ Authorized Participant ”) may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the Fund. The Fund has a limited number of institutions that may act as Authorized Participants on an agency basis (i.e., on behalf of other market participants). To the extent that those Authorized Participants exit the business or are unable to proceed with creation and/or redemption orders with the Fund and no other Authorized Participant is able to step forward to engage in creation and redemption transactions with the Fund, Fund Shares may be more likely to trade at a premium or discount to NAV and possibly face trading halts and/or delisting. This risk may be enhanced to the extent the securities held by the Fund are traded outside of a collateralized settlement system, such as with certain debt securities and non-US securities.

 

Commodities Risk . Investing in the commodities markets (directly or indirectly) may subject the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities, and exposure to commodities can cause the net asset value of Fund Shares to decline or fluctuate in a rapid and unpredictable manner.

 

Debt Securities Risk. Interest rates may go up resulting in a decrease in the value of the debt securities held by the Fund. Credit risk is the risk that an issuer will not make timely payments of principal and interest. There is also the risk that an issuer may “call,” or repay, its high yielding bonds before their maturity dates. Debt securities subject to prepayment can offer less potential for gains during a declining interest rate environment and similar or greater potential for loss in a rising interest rate environment. Limited trading opportunities for certain debt securities may make it more difficult to sell or buy a security at a favorable price or time.

 

Derivatives Risk. A derivative is a financial contract the value of which depends on, or is derived from, the value of a financial asset (such as stock, bond or currency), a physical asset (such as gold) or a market index (such as the S&P 500 Index). The Fund may invest in swaps, options and futures contracts. Swaps are contracts in which one party agrees to make periodic payments to the other party based on the change in market value or level of a specified rate, index or asset in return for payments based on the return of a different specified rate, index or asset. Options involve the payment or receipt of a premium by an investor and the corresponding right or obligation to either purchase or sell the underlying security for a specific price at a certain time or during a certain period. Futures contracts generally provide for the future sale by one party and purchase by another party of a specified commodity or security at a specified future time and at a specified price. Compared to conventional securities, derivatives can be more sensitive to changes in interest rates or to sudden fluctuations in market prices and thus a Fund’s losses may be greater if it invests in derivatives than if it invests only in conventional securities.

 

Developed Countries Risk . Investment in developed country issuers may subject the Fund to regulatory, political, currency, security, economic and other risks associated with developed countries. Developed countries generally tend to rely on services sectors (e.g., the financial services sector), and a prolonged slowdown in one or more services sectors is likely to have a negative impact on economies of certain developed countries. Acts of terrorism in developed countries or against their interests may cause uncertainty in the financial markets and adversely affect the performance of the issuers to which the Fund has exposure. Many developed countries are heavily indebted and face rising healthcare and retirement expenses. In addition, price fluctuations of certain commodities and regulations impacting the import of commodities may negatively affect developed country economies.

 

Equity Securities Risk. Common stocks are susceptible to general stock market fluctuations and to volatile increases and decreases in value as market confidence in and perceptions of their issuers change. If you held common stock, or common stock equivalents, of any given issuer, you would generally be exposed to greater risk than if you held preferred stocks and debt obligations of such issuer.

 

Exchange-Traded Vehicle Risk . The Fund may invest in ETFs, exchange-traded notes (“ ETNs ”) and other exchange-traded products (collectively with ETFs and ETNs, “ ETPs ”). A Fund’s investment in an ETP is exposed to additional expenses, underlying risks and market structure risks that relate to such ETP.

 

Fluctuation of Net Asset Value. The net asset value (“ NAV ”) of the Fund’s Shares will generally fluctuate with changes in market value of the Fund’s holdings. The market prices of the Fund’s Shares will generally fluctuate in accordance with changes in NAV as well as the relative supply and demand for the Shares on the Exchange. The

 

10  

 

 

Advisor cannot predict whether Shares will trade below, at, or above their NAV, and an investor may sustain losses if Shares are purchased at a time when their market price is at a premium (above) their NAV, or sold at a time when their market price is at a discount to (below) their NAV.

 

Geographic Risk. A natural or other disaster could occur in a geographic region in which the Fund invests, which could affect the economy or particular business operations of companies in the specific geographic region, causing an adverse impact on the Fund’s investments in the affected region.

 

Issuer Risk. From time to time the Fund may have exposure to a limited number of issuers. During such times, the Fund is more susceptible to the risk that an issuer’s securities may decline (or appreciate, for short positions) in value.

 

Large-Capitalization Securities Risk. Returns on investments in securities of large companies could trail the returns on investments in securities of smaller and mid-sized companies.

 

Management Risk. Your investment in the Fund varies with the success and failure of the Fund management team’s investment strategies and the Fund management team’s research, analysis, and determination of portfolio securities. If the Advisor’s investment strategies, including its stop loss and goal setting process, do not produce the expected results, the value of the Fund would decrease. The Advisor is newly formed and it and the portfolio managers have no experience managing an ETF.

 

Market Risk. The Fund could lose money over short periods due to short-term market movements and over longer periods during market downturns.

 

Market Trading Risk. The Fund is a new fund and faces numerous market trading risks, including the potential lack of an active market for Fund Shares, losses from trading in secondary markets, periods of high volatility and disruption in the creation/redemption process of the Fund. Although it is expected that generally the exchange price of the Shares will approximate the Fund’s NAV, there may be times when the market price in the Secondary Market and the NAV vary significantly. ANY OF THESE FACTORS, AMONG OTHERS, MAY LEAD TO THE FUND’S SHARES TRADING AT A PREMIUM OR DISCOUNT TO NAV.

 

Model Risk . There can be no assurance that any particular model or investment strategy for security selection or analysis of political, policy or economic themes, including those devised by the Advisor, will be profitable for any Fund, and may result in a loss of principal.

 

Political and Social Risk . Unanticipated political or social developments may result in sudden and significant investment losses. Political and social developments that are anticipated but at odds with a Fund’s theme may result in sudden and significant investment losses.

 

Security Risk . Some geographic areas in which the Fund invests have experienced acts of terrorism and strained international relations due to territorial disputes, historical animosities, defense concerns and other security concerns. These situations may cause uncertainty in the political and economic markets of these geographic areas and may adversely affect their economies.

 

Seed Investor Risk . The Advisor expects to make payments to one or more investors that contribute seed capital to the Fund. Such payments will be made from the assets of the Advisor and not by the Fund. Seed investors may contribute all or a majority of the assets in the Fund, and there is a risk that such seed investors may redeem their investments in the Fund. As with redemptions by other large shareholders, such redemptions could have a significant negative impact on the Fund.

 

Shares are Not Individually Redeemable. Shares are only redeemable by the Fund at NAV if they are tendered in large blocks known as “Creation Units,” which are expected to be worth in excess of $500 thousand each. Individual Shares may be sold on a stock exchange at their current market prices, which may be less, more or equal to their NAV. See “Market Trading Risk.”

 

Short Selling Risk . Short positions entered into by the Fund may involve higher risks and costs, and

 

11  

 

 

potential losses relating to such investments are not typically limited.

 

Small- and Medium-Sized Companies Risk. Investing in securities of small and medium capitalization companies may involve greater volatility than investing in larger and more established companies because small and medium capitalization companies can be subject to more abrupt or erratic share price changes than larger, more established companies.

 

U.S. Tax Risk . To qualify for the favorable U.S. federal income tax treatment accorded to regulated investment companies, each Fund must satisfy certain income, asset diversification, and distribution requirements. If, for any taxable year, the Fund does not qualify as a regulated investment company, all of its taxable income (including its net capital gain) for that year would be subject to tax at regular corporate rates without any deduction for distributions to its shareholders, and such distributions would be taxable to its shareholders as dividend income to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits. If the Fund does not qualify as a regulated investment company, there will be reduced monies from which to pay shareholders a dividend.

 

Performance Information

 

As of the date of this Prospectus, the Fund has not yet commenced operations and therefore does not report its performance information. When the Fund has been in operation for one full calendar year, performance information will be shown here. Updated performance information will be available on the Fund’s “Website,” at www.eventshares.com or by calling the Fund toll-free at 1-877-539-1510.

 

Management

 

Investment Advisor. Active Weighting Advisors LLC is the Fund’s investment advisor and will be responsible to the Fund for its day-to-day investment management.

 

Portfolio Manager. The portfolio manager responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund is Benjamin Phillips, Chief Investment Officer of the Advisor. Mr. Phillips has served as portfolio manager of the Fund since commencement of operations in 2017.

 

Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares

 

The Fund is an ETF. Unlike conventional mutual funds, the Fund issues and redeems Shares on a continuous basis, at NAV, only in Creation Units comprised of blocks of 25,000 Shares, or whole multiples thereof. Shares are not individually redeemable, and may only be issued to or redeemed by or through Authorized Participants. The Fund’s Creation Units are issued and redeemed principally “in kind” for securities included in the Fund, but may also be issued and redeemed for cash. Retail investors may acquire Shares on the Bats BZX through a broker-dealer. Shares of the Fund will trade on the Secondary Market at market price rather than NAV. As such, Shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).

 

Tax Information

 

The Fund’s distributions are expected to be taxed as ordinary income, qualified dividend income and/or capital gains, unless you are investing through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or individual retirement account. However, subsequent withdrawals from such a tax-advantaged account may be subject to U.S. federal income tax. You should consult your tax advisor about your specific situation.

 

Financial Intermediary Compensation

 

If you purchase the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund Shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.

 

12  

 

 

U.S. TAX REFORM FUND

 

Investment Objective

 

The U.S. Tax Reform Fund’s (the “ Fund ”) objective is to seek capital appreciation by investing in market segments that Active Weighting Advisors LLC (the “ Advisor ”) believes will be impacted by the enactment of changes to the U.S. Tax Code.

 

Fees and Expenses of the Fund

 

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund (“ Shares ”). Investors purchasing Shares on a national securities exchange, national securities association or over-the-counter trading system where Shares may trade from time to time (each, a “ Secondary Market ”) may be subject to customary brokerage commissions charged by their broker that are not reflected in the table set forth below.

 

Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment):

 

No shareholder fees are levied by the Fund for purchases and sales made on the Secondary Market. Investments in the Fund are subject to the Annual Fund Operating Expenses, below.

 

Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):

 

Management Fee 0.85 %
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees 0.00 %
Other Expenses (a) 0.03 %
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses 0.88 %
Fee Waiver and Expense Reimbursement (b) (0.03) %
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver 0.85 %

 

 

(a) The Fund has not yet commenced operations and Other Expenses are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year.

(b) The Advisor has contractually agreed to waive the fees and reimburse expenses of the Fund until at least October 31, 2018 so that the total annual operating expenses (exclusive of interest, taxes and governmental fees, brokerage fees, commissions, acquired fund fees, dividend payments on short sales, other expenditures which are capitalized in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, other extraordinary expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of a Fund’s business, and amounts, if any, payable pursuant to a plan adopted in accordance with Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940) and organizational costs (“ Operating Expenses ”) of the Fund are limited to 0.85% of average net assets. After such date, the expense limitation may be renewed, terminated or revised by the Advisor.

 

Example. This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. This example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you pay when purchasing or selling Shares of the Fund. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain at current levels. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

1 Year

3 Years

$ 87 $ 325

 

Portfolio Turnover. The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result

 

13  

 

 

in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual Fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance. This rate excludes the value of portfolio securities received or delivered as a result of any in kind creations or redemptions of the Fund’s Shares. As of the date of this Prospectus, the Fund has not yet commenced operations.

 

Principal Investment Strategies

 

The Fund is an actively managed exchange-traded fund (“ ETF ”) that seeks to achieve its objective of capital appreciation by investing, including both long and short positions, primarily in equity securities traded in the U.S. markets. Under normal circumstances the Fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets in the securities of issuers domiciled in the U.S. The Fund’s 80% investment policy is non-fundamental and requires 60 days’ prior written notice to shareholders before it can be changed.

 

The Fund typically holds securities of a limited number of issuers, generally 30 to 75, and invests in issuers with a market capitalization greater than $250 million USD. The Fund may, to a limited extent, invest in equity securities traded in non-U.S. markets, including emerging market securities, as well as fixed income securities, derivatives, currencies, and commodities. The Fund will be subject to active turnover, generally on a quarterly basis, throughout market cycles based on the outlook of the Advisor. At the discretion of the Advisor, the Fund may actively add and remove positions intra-quarter based on changing market conditions.

 

Investment Objective Definition

 

The Fund takes positions in securities that are expected by the Advisor to appreciate in value as a result of proposed changes in U.S. tax policy and regulations that change the way taxable income is currently calculated and/or the tax rate at which taxable income is taxed (“ Tax Reform Themes ”), regardless of whether the change increases or decreases the tax burden on individuals or issuers domiciled in the U.S. The Advisor defines Tax Reform Themes as bills, rules, or regulations that change:

 

the tax rate at which a corporation’s or individual’s income is taxed;

the method under which a U.S. company’s international income is taxed in or repatriated to the U.S.;

the amount of import or export taxes or tariffs levied in the U.S. on products from an industry or foreign country; and

the current Internal Revenue Code, primarily relating to the use of tax credits and expense categories allowed as deductions.

 

The Advisor will, based on its discretionary analysis, identify themes it views as Tax Reform Themes. At any given time, the Advisor generally identifies four to ten Tax Reform Themes for consideration in constructing the Fund’s portfolio.

 

Security Selection Process

 

In its fundamental research and proprietary security selection process, the Advisor searches for sectors and issuers that it views as directly exposed to Tax Reform Themes. The Advisor’s research and analysis leverages insights from diverse sources, including external research, to develop and refine its investment themes and capture trends that have implications for individual issuers or entire sectors. During this fundamental research process, the Advisor screens for issuers that have the potential to either experience significant multi-year earnings growth or significant business model disruption due to Tax Reform Themes. This process requires the Advisor to review each sector and/or issuer’s fundamental characteristics.

 

The Fund initiates long positions in the securities of issuers (or sectors) that the Advisor believes will appreciate in value as a result of the implementation of such Tax Reform Themes and short positions in the securities of issuers (or sectors) that the Advisor believes will depreciate in value as a result of the implementation of such Tax Reform Themes.

 

14  

 

  

The weight of each security within the portfolio will be rebalanced quarterly. As of each quarterly rebalance date, each security within the portfolio will be weighted equally regardless of its market capitalization or other fundamental characteristics.

 

In determining whether to exit an investment position of the Fund, the Advisor uses the same type of analysis it uses in initiating a position by purchasing or shorting a security. The Advisor continuously reviews each security for exposure to its associated Tax Reform Theme. If a security, based on the Advisor’s discretionary analysis, is determined to no longer be exposed to its associated Tax Reform Theme or if the investment position has appreciated in value as compared to the Advisor’s expectations, the Fund will exit the investment position by selling the security or covering the short, as applicable. Additionally, if the Advisor removes a Tax Reform Theme from consideration in constructing the portfolio, the investment positions relating to such theme will be exited.

 

In addition to equities, the Fund may invest in fixed income securities. The Fund may utilize, to a limited extent, futures contracts, swap contracts and option contracts to obtain or hedge exposure to any security selected as part of its investment process. The Fund may also invest in commodities positions through exposure obtained through futures contracts, swap contracts, option contracts or exchange-traded vehicles (including ETFs, ETNs and exchange-traded commodities).

 

The Fund will be constructed and managed in accordance with the Advisor’s current views of Tax Reform Themes. The failure of the U.S. government to take positive action on Tax Reform Themes may negatively impact the Fund’s portfolio. The Advisor does not intend to hedge the portfolio against, or otherwise take defensive positions with respect to, government failure to take positive action on Tax Reform Themes.

 

For additional information about the Fund’s principal investment strategies, including the thematic research and the security selection processes, see “Description of the Principal Strategies of the Funds.”

 

Principal Risks

 

Investors in the Fund should be willing to accept a high degree of volatility in the price of the Fund’s Shares and the possibility of significant losses. An investment in the Fund involves a substantial degree of risk and the Fund does not represent a complete investment program. Therefore, you should consider carefully the following risks before investing in the Fund. A more complete discussion of Principal Risks is included under “Description of the Principal Risks of the Funds.”

 

LOSING ALL OR A PORTION OF YOUR INVESTMENT IS A RISK OF INVESTING IN THE FUND. FAILURE OF THE GOVERNMENT TO TAKE POSITIVE ACTION ON TAX REFORM THEMES, AS WELL AS OTHER FACTORS BESIDES GOVERNMENT ACTION, MAY RESULT IN LOSSES. The following additional risks could affect the value of your investment:

 

Absence of Prior Active Market Risk. Although the Shares in the Fund are approved for listing on the Bats BZX, there can be no assurance that an active trading market will develop and be maintained for the Shares of the Fund, particularly during periods of market stress. Therefore, there may be times when there is little, sporadic or no market liquidity for Shares, which could negatively affect the price of such Shares. As a new fund, there can be no assurance that the Fund will grow to or maintain an economically viable size, in which case the Fund may ultimately liquidate.

 

Asset Allocation Risk. The Fund’s investment performance depends upon the successful allocation by the Fund’s management team of the Fund’s assets among asset classes, geographical regions, industry sectors, and specific issuers and investments. There is no guarantee that the management team’s allocation techniques and decisions will produce the desired results. The Fund’s selection and weighting of asset classes may cause it to underperform other funds with a similar investment objective.

 

Authorized Participant Risk. Only certain large institutions (each, an “ Authorized Participant ”) may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the Fund. The Fund has a limited number of institutions that may act as Authorized Participants on an agency basis (i.e., on behalf of other market participants). To the extent that those Authorized Participants exit the business or are unable to proceed with creation and/or redemption

 

15  

 

  

orders with the Fund and no other Authorized Participant is able to step forward to engage in creation and redemption transactions with the Fund, Fund Shares may be more likely to trade at a premium or discount to NAV and possibly face trading halts and/or delisting. This risk may be enhanced to the extent the securities held by the Fund are traded outside of a collateralized settlement system, such as with certain debt securities and non-US securities.

 

Commodities Risk . Investing in the commodities markets (directly or indirectly) may subject the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities, and exposure to commodities can cause the net asset value of Fund Shares to decline or fluctuate in a rapid and unpredictable manner.

 

Debt Securities Risk. Interest rates may go up resulting in a decrease in the value of the debt securities held by the Fund. Credit risk is the risk that an issuer will not make timely payments of principal and interest. There is also the risk that an issuer may “call,” or repay, its high yielding bonds before their maturity dates. Debt securities subject to prepayment can offer less potential for gains during a declining interest rate environment and similar or greater potential for loss in a rising interest rate environment. Limited trading opportunities for certain debt securities may make it more difficult to sell or buy a security at a favorable price or time.

 

Derivatives Risk. A derivative is a financial contract the value of which depends on, or is derived from, the value of a financial asset (such as stock, bond or currency), a physical asset (such as gold) or a market index (such as the S&P 500 Index). The Fund may invest in swaps, options and futures contracts. Swaps are contracts in which one party agrees to make periodic payments to the other party based on the change in market value or level of a specified rate, index or asset in return for payments based on the return of a different specified rate, index or asset. Options involve the payment or receipt of a premium by an investor and the corresponding right or obligation to either purchase or sell the underlying security for a specific price at a certain time or during a certain period. Futures contracts generally provide for the future sale by one party and purchase by another party of a specified commodity or security at a specified future time and at a specified price. Compared to conventional securities, derivatives can be more sensitive to changes in interest rates or to sudden fluctuations in market prices and thus a Fund’s losses may be greater if it invests in derivatives than if it invests only in conventional securities.

 

Developed Countries Risk . Investment in developed country issuers may subject the Fund to regulatory, political, currency, security, economic and other risks associated with developed countries. Developed countries generally tend to rely on services sectors (e.g., the financial services sector), and a prolonged slowdown in one or more services sectors is likely to have a negative impact on economies of certain developed countries. Acts of terrorism in developed countries or against their interests may cause uncertainty in the financial markets and adversely affect the performance of the issuers to which the Fund has exposure. Many developed countries are heavily indebted and face rising healthcare and retirement expenses. In addition, price fluctuations of certain commodities and regulations impacting the import of commodities may negatively affect developed country economies.

 

Equity Securities Risk. Common stocks are susceptible to general stock market fluctuations and to volatile increases and decreases in value as market confidence in and perceptions of their issuers change. If you held common stock, or common stock equivalents, of any given issuer, you would generally be exposed to greater risk than if you held preferred stocks and debt obligations of such issuer.

 

Exchange-Traded Vehicle Risk . The Fund may invest in ETFs, exchange-traded notes (“ ETNs ”) and other exchange-traded products (collectively with ETFs and ETNs, “ ETPs ”). A Fund’s investment in an ETP is exposed to additional expenses, underlying risks and market structure risks that relate to such ETP.

 

Fluctuation of Net Asset Value. The net asset value (“ NAV ”) of the Fund’s Shares will generally fluctuate with changes in market value of the Fund’s holdings. The market prices of the Fund’s Shares will generally fluctuate in accordance with changes in NAV as well as the relative supply and demand for the Shares on the Exchange. The Advisor cannot predict whether Shares will trade below, at, or above their NAV, and an investor may sustain losses if Shares are purchased at a time when their market price is at a premium (above) their NAV, or sold at a time when their market price is at a discount to (below) their NAV.

 

Geographic Risk. A natural or other disaster could occur in a geographic region in which the Fund invests,

 

16  

 

 

which could affect the economy or particular business operations of companies in the specific geographic region, causing an adverse impact on the Fund’s investments in the affected region.

 

Issuer Risk. From time to time the Fund may have exposure to a limited number of issuers. During such times, the Fund is more susceptible to the risk that an issuer’s securities may decline (or appreciate, for short positions) in value.

 

Large-Capitalization Securities Risk. Returns on investments in securities of large companies could trail the returns on investments in securities of smaller and mid-sized companies.

 

Management Risk. Your investment in the Fund varies with the success and failure of the Fund management team’s investment strategies and the Fund management team’s research, analysis, and determination of portfolio securities. If the Advisor’s investment strategies, including its stop loss and goal setting process, do not produce the expected results, the value of the Fund would decrease. The Advisor is newly formed and it and the portfolio managers have no experience managing an ETF.

 

Market Risk. The Fund could lose money over short periods due to short-term market movements and over longer periods during market downturns.

 

Market Trading Risk. The Fund is a new fund and faces numerous market trading risks, including the potential lack of an active market for Fund Shares, losses from trading in secondary markets, periods of high volatility and disruption in the creation/redemption process of the Fund. Although it is expected that generally the exchange price of the Shares will approximate the Fund’s NAV, there may be times when the market price in the Secondary Market and the NAV vary significantly. ANY OF THESE FACTORS, AMONG OTHERS, MAY LEAD TO THE FUND’S SHARES TRADING AT A PREMIUM OR DISCOUNT TO NAV.

 

Model Risk . There can be no assurance that any particular model or investment strategy for security selection or analysis of political, policy or economic themes, including those devised by the Advisor, will be profitable for any Fund, and may result in a loss of principal.

 

Political and Social Risk . Unanticipated political or social developments may result in sudden and significant investment losses. Political and social developments that are anticipated but at odds with a Fund’s theme may result in sudden and significant investment losses.

 

Security Risk . Some geographic areas in which the Fund invests have experienced acts of terrorism and strained international relations due to territorial disputes, historical animosities, defense concerns and other security concerns. These situations may cause uncertainty in the political and economic markets of these geographic areas and may adversely affect their economies.

 

Seed Investor Risk . The Advisor expects to make payments to one or more investors that contribute seed capital to the Fund. Such payments will be made from the assets of the Advisor and not by the Fund. Seed investors may contribute all or a majority of the assets in the Fund, and there is a risk that such seed investors may redeem their investments in the Fund. As with redemptions by other large shareholders, such redemptions could have a significant negative impact on the Fund.

 

Shares are Not Individually Redeemable. Shares are only redeemable by the Fund at NAV if they are tendered in large blocks known as “Creation Units,” which are expected to be worth in excess of $500 thousand each. Individual Shares may be sold on a stock exchange at their current market prices, which may be less, more or equal to their NAV. See “Market Trading Risk.”

 

Short Selling Risk . Short positions entered into by the Fund may involve higher risks and costs, and potential losses relating to such investments are not typically limited.

 

Small- and Medium-Sized Companies Risk. Investing in securities of small and medium capitalization companies may involve greater volatility than investing in larger and more established companies because small and medium capitalization companies can be subject to more abrupt or erratic share price changes than larger, more

 

17  

 

 

established companies.

 

U.S. Tax Risk . To qualify for the favorable U.S. federal income tax treatment accorded to regulated investment companies, each Fund must satisfy certain income, asset diversification, and distribution requirements. If, for any taxable year, the Fund does not qualify as a regulated investment company, all of its taxable income (including its net capital gain) for that year would be subject to tax at regular corporate rates without any deduction for distributions to its shareholders, and such distributions would be taxable to its shareholders as dividend income to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits. If the Fund does not qualify as a regulated investment company, there will be reduced monies from which to pay shareholders a dividend.

 

Performance Information

 

As of the date of this Prospectus, the Fund has not yet commenced operations and therefore does not report its performance information. When the Fund has been in operation for one full calendar year, performance information will be shown here. Updated performance information will be available on the Fund’s “Website,” at www.eventshares.com or by calling the Fund toll-free at 1-877-539-1510.

 

Management

 

Investment Advisor. Active Weighting Advisors LLC is the Fund’s investment advisor and will be responsible to the Fund for its day-to-day investment management.

 

Portfolio Manager. The portfolio manager responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund is Benjamin Phillips, Chief Investment Officer of the Advisor. Mr. Phillips has served as portfolio manager of the Fund since commencement of operations in 2017.

 

Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares

 

The Fund is an ETF. Unlike conventional mutual funds, the Fund issues and redeems Shares on a continuous basis, at NAV, only in Creation Units comprised of blocks of 25,000 Shares, or whole multiples thereof. Shares are not individually redeemable, and may only be issued to or redeemed by or through Authorized Participants. The Fund’s Creation Units are issued and redeemed principally “in kind” for securities included in the Fund, but may also be issued and redeemed for cash. Retail investors may acquire Shares on the Bats BZX through a broker-dealer. Shares of the Fund will trade on the Secondary Market at market price rather than NAV. As such, Shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).

 

Tax Information

 

The Fund’s distributions are expected to be taxed as ordinary income, qualified dividend income and/or capital gains, unless you are investing through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or individual retirement account. However, subsequent withdrawals from such a tax-advantaged account may be subject to U.S. federal income tax. You should consult your tax advisor about your specific situation.

 

Financial Intermediary Compensation

 

If you purchase the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund Shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.

 

18  

 

 

EUROPEAN UNION BREAKUP FUND

 

Investment Objective

 

The European Union Breakup Fund’s (the “ Fund ”) investment objective is to seek capital appreciation by investing in market segments that Active Weighting Advisors LLC (the “ Advisor ”) believes will be impacted by European Union member countries abandoning the euro currency or withdrawing from the European Union.

 

Fees and Expenses of the Fund

 

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund (“ Shares ”). Investors purchasing Shares on a national securities exchange, national securities association or over-the-counter trading system where Shares may trade from time to time (each, a “ Secondary Market ”) may be subject to customary brokerage commissions charged by their broker that are not reflected in the table set forth below.

 

Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment):

 

No shareholder fees are levied by the Fund for purchases and sales made on the Secondary Market. Investments in the Fund are subject to the Annual Fund Operating Expenses, below.

 

Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):

 

Management Fee 0.85 %
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees 0.00 %
Other Expenses (a) 0.03 %
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses 0.88 %
Fee Waiver and Expense Reimbursement (b) (0.03) %
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver 0.85 %

 

 

(a) The Fund has not yet commenced operations and Other Expenses are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year.

(b) The Advisor has contractually agreed to waive the fees and reimburse expenses of the Fund until at least October 31, 2018 so that the total annual operating expenses (exclusive of interest, taxes and governmental fees, brokerage fees, commissions, acquired fund fees, dividend payments on short sales, other expenditures which are capitalized in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, other extraordinary expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of a Fund’s business, and amounts, if any, payable pursuant to a plan adopted in accordance with Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940) and organizational costs (“ Operating Expenses ”) of the Fund are limited to 0.85% of average net assets. After such date, the expense limitation may be renewed, terminated or revised by the Advisor.

 

Example. This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. This example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you pay when purchasing or selling Shares of the Fund. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain at current levels. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

1 Year

3 Years

$ 87 $ 325

 

Portfolio Turnover. The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result

 

19  

 

 

in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual Fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance. This rate excludes the value of portfolio securities received or delivered as a result of any in kind creations or redemptions of the Fund’s Shares. As of the date of this Prospectus, the Fund has not yet commenced operations.

 

Principal Investment Strategies

 

The Fund is an actively managed exchange-traded fund (“ ETF ”) that seeks to achieve its objective of capital appreciation by investing, including both long and short positions, primarily in equity securities traded in European markets, derivatives, currencies, and commodities. Under normal circumstances the Fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets in the securities of issuers domiciled in E.U. Members. The Fund’s 80% investment policy is non-fundamental and requires 60 days’ prior written notice to shareholders before it can be changed.

 

For purposes of the 80% test, the Advisor defines “ E.U. Members ” as the 28 member states as of the end of August 1, 2017. The 28 member states at such time were Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.

 

The Fund typically holds a limited number of securities, generally 50 to 100, and invests in issuers with a market capitalization greater than $250 million USD. The Fund may invest in depositary receipts (such as American Depositary Receipts (“ ADRs ”), Global Depositary Receipts (“ GDRs ”) and European Depositary Receipts (“ EDRs ”)). The Fund may also invest in issuers domiciled in non-E.U. Members, although such investments will not count toward the Fund’s 80% test. The Fund will be subject to active turnover, generally on a quarterly basis, throughout market cycles based on the outlook of the Advisor. At the discretion of the Advisor, the Fund may actively add and remove positions intra-quarter based on changing market conditions.

 

Investment Objective Definitions

 

The Fund takes positions in securities that are expected by the Advisor to appreciate in value as a result of changes to the structure of the Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union (the “ E.U. ”) that represent a move toward a breakup of the E.U. (“ E.U. Breakup Themes ”). The Advisor identifies E.U. Breakup Themes as actions that reduce engagement with the E.U. as a central authority or decrease control over E.U. Members from the E.U. Parliament. The Advisor considers activities moving toward a breakup of the E.U. to include, but are not limited to, the following actions by an E.U. Member:

 

electing politicians who campaign on a platform or advocate for leaving, in whole or in part, the E.U.;

holding binding or non-binding referenda to determine whether or not to leave the E.U.;

passing legislation or adopting rules, regulations or executive actions that are specifically designed to decrease engagement with or control by E.U. Parliament and E.U. agencies and authorities; and

passing legislation or taking government action that is specifically designed to cease use of the Euro as a national currency.

 

Such actions are collectively referred to herein as “ E.U. Exit Actions ”. E.U. Exit Actions include both prior and future actions taken by, or expected to be considered by, an E.U. Member.

 

The Advisor considers an E.U. Member to leave the E.U. if the Member withdraws from the euro currency or withdraws from the E.U. system in its entirety. An E.U. Member may partially leave the E.U. by withdrawing from the euro currency and returning to its historical currency and/or decreasing involvement with E.U. agencies while remaining a member of the E.U. system. An E.U. Member may fully leave the E.U. by withdrawing from the common currency and discontinuing its membership within the E.U. system.

 

There is no pre-determined timeline or event that would be considered a breakup of the E.U. Instead, the Advisor views the potential breakup of the E.U. as a series of events, including the E.U. Exit Actions mentioned above, increasing the probability of a breakup of either the common euro currency or union as a whole.

 

20  

 

 

The Advisor will, based on its discretionary analysis, identify themes it views as E.U. Breakup Themes. At any given time, the Advisor generally identifies four to ten E.U. Breakup Themes for consideration in the construction of the Fund’s portfolio.

 

Security Selection Process

 

The security selection process incorporates the Advisor’s proprietary research model. The Advisor’s research and analysis leverages insights from diverse sources, including external research, to develop and refine its investment themes and capture trends that have implications for individual issuers or entire sectors. During this fundamental research process, the Advisor screens for sectors and issuers that have the potential to either experience significant multi-year earnings growth or significant business model disruption as a result of E.U. Breakup Themes. This process requires the Advisor to review each E.U. Member, sector and/or issuer’s fundamental characteristics.

 

The Advisor initiates long positions in the securities of issuers (or sectors) that the Advisor believes will appreciate in value as a result of the realization of such E.U. Breakup Themes and short positions in the securities of issuers (or sectors) that the Advisor believes will depreciate in value as a result of the implementation of such E.U. Breakup Themes.

 

The weight of each security within the portfolio will be rebalanced quarterly. As of each quarterly rebalance date, each security within the portfolio will be weighted equally regardless of its market capitalization or other fundamental characteristics.

 

In determining whether to exit an investment position of the Fund, the Advisor uses the same type of analysis it uses in initiating a position by purchasing or shorting a security. The Advisor continuously reviews each security for exposure to its associated E.U. Breakup Theme. If a security, based on the Advisor’s discretionary analysis, is determined to no longer be exposed to its associated E.U. Breakup Theme or if the investment position has appreciated in value as compared to the Advisor’s expectations, the Fund will exit the investment position by selling the security or covering the short, as applicable. Additionally, if the Advisor removes a E.U. Breakup Theme from consideration in constructing the portfolio, the investment positions relating to such theme will be exited.

 

The Fund “hedges” against fluctuations in the relative value of the euro currency against the U.S. dollar. The Fund is designed to have higher returns than an equivalent un-hedged investment when the U.S. dollar is going up in value relative to the euro. The Advisor applies an applicable published one-month currency forward rate to the total equity exposure of each country in the Fund to hedge against fluctuations in the relative value of the euro currency against the U.S. dollar. If a country that had previously adopted the euro currency as its official currency were to revert back to its local currency, the Fund would be hedged in such local currency as soon as practicable after forward rates become available for such currency.

 

Forward currency contracts or futures contracts are used to offset the Fund’s exposure to the euro. The amount of forward contracts and futures contracts in the Fund is based on the aggregate exposure of the Fund to the euro. While this approach is designed to minimize the impact of currency fluctuations on Fund returns, it does not necessarily eliminate exposure to all currency fluctuations. The return of the forward currency contracts and currency futures contracts may not perfectly offset the actual fluctuations of the euro currency relative to the U.S. dollar.

 

The Fund may utilize futures contracts, swap contracts and option contracts to obtain or hedge exposure to any security selected as part of its investment process. The Fund may enter into credit default swaps relating to specific E.U. Members and/or issuers selected as part of its investment process. The Fund may also invest in commodities positions through exposure obtained through futures contracts, swap contracts, option contracts or exchange-traded vehicles (including ETFs, ETNs and exchange-traded commodities).

 

The Fund will be constructed and managed in accordance with the Advisor’s current views of E.U. Breakup Themes. Changing E.U. structure that is not aligned with E.U. Breakup Themes may negatively impact the Fund’s portfolio. The Advisor does not intend to hedge the portfolio against, or otherwise take defensive positions with respect to, E.U. structural changes that may not be aligned with E.U. Breakup Themes.

 

21  

 

 

For additional information about the Fund’s principal investment strategies, including the thematic research and the security selection processes, see “Description of the Principal Strategies of the Funds.”

 

Principal Risks

 

Investors in the Fund should be willing to accept a high degree of volatility in the price of the Fund’s Shares and the possibility of significant losses. An investment in the Fund involves a substantial degree of risk and the Fund does not represent a complete investment program. Therefore, you should consider carefully the following risks before investing in the Fund. A more complete discussion of Principal Risks is included under “Description of the Principal Risks of the Funds.”

 

LOSING ALL OR A PORTION OF YOUR INVESTMENT IS A RISK OF INVESTING IN THE FUND. CHANGES IN E.U. STRUCTURE THAT ARE NOT IN LINE WITH E.U. BREAKUP THEMES, AS WELL AS OTHER FACTORS BESIDES GOVERNMENT ACTION OR E.U. STRUCTURAL CHANGES, MAY RESULT IN LOSSES. The following additional risks could affect the value of your investment:

 

Absence of Prior Active Market Risk. Although the Shares in the Fund are approved for listing on the Bats BZX, there can be no assurance that an active trading market will develop and be maintained for the Shares of the Fund, particularly during periods of market stress. Therefore, there may be times when there is little, sporadic or no market liquidity for Shares, which could negatively affect the price of such Shares. As a new fund, there can be no assurance that the Fund will grow to or maintain an economically viable size, in which case the Fund may ultimately liquidate.

 

Asset Allocation Risk. The Fund’s investment performance depends upon the successful allocation by the Fund’s management team of the Fund’s assets among asset classes, geographical regions, industry sectors, and specific issuers and investments. There is no guarantee that the management team’s allocation techniques and decisions will produce the desired results. The Fund’s selection and weighting of asset classes may cause it to underperform other funds with a similar investment objective.

 

Authorized Participant Risk. Only certain large institutions (each, an “ Authorized Participant ”) may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the Fund. The Fund has a limited number of institutions that may act as Authorized Participants on an agency basis (i.e., on behalf of other market participants). To the extent that those Authorized Participants exit the business or are unable to proceed with creation and/or redemption orders with the Fund and no other Authorized Participant is able to step forward to engage in creation and redemption transactions with the Fund, Fund Shares may be more likely to trade at a premium or discount to NAV and possibly face trading halts and/or delisting. This risk may be enhanced to the extent the securities held by the Fund are traded outside of a collateralized settlement system, such as with certain debt securities and non-US securities.

 

Commodities Risk . Investing in the commodities markets (directly or indirectly) may subject the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities, and exposure to commodities can cause the net asset value of Fund Shares to decline or fluctuate in a rapid and unpredictable manner.

 

Currency Hedging Risk . The Fund uses various strategies to attempt to reduce the impact of changes in the value of a foreign currency against the U.S. dollar. These strategies may not be successful. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. Therefore, the value of an investment in a Fund may also go up or down quickly and unpredictably and investors may lose money.

 

Currency Risk. Because the Fund’s net asset value per share (the “ NAV ”) is determined in U.S. dollars, the Fund’s NAV could decline if the currency of a non-U.S. market in which the Fund invests depreciates against the U.S. dollar. Currency rates in foreign countries may fluctuate significantly over short periods of time.

 

Debt Securities Risk. Interest rates may go up resulting in a decrease in the value of the debt securities held by the Fund. Credit risk is the risk that an issuer will not make timely payments of principal and interest. There is also the risk that an issuer may “call,” or repay, its high yielding bonds before their maturity dates. Debt securities subject to prepayment can offer less potential for gains during a declining interest rate environment and similar or

 

22  

 

 

greater potential for loss in a rising interest rate environment. Limited trading opportunities for certain debt securities may make it more difficult to sell or buy a security at a favorable price or time.

 

Derivatives Risk. A derivative is a financial contract the value of which depends on, or is derived from, the value of a financial asset (such as stock, bond or currency), a physical asset (such as gold) or a market index (such as the S&P 500 Index). The Fund may invest in swaps, options and futures contracts. Swaps are contracts in which one party agrees to make periodic payments to the other party based on the change in market value or level of a specified rate, index or asset in return for payments based on the return of a different specified rate, index or asset. Options involve the payment or receipt of a premium by an investor and the corresponding right or obligation to either purchase or sell the underlying security for a specific price at a certain time or during a certain period. Futures contracts generally provide for the future sale by one party and purchase by another party of a specified commodity or security at a specified future time and at a specified price. Compared to conventional securities, derivatives can be more sensitive to changes in interest rates or to sudden fluctuations in market prices and thus a Fund’s losses may be greater if it invests in derivatives than if it invests only in conventional securities.

 

Developed Countries Risk . Investment in developed country issuers may subject the Fund to regulatory, political, currency, security, economic and other risks associated with developed countries. Developed countries generally tend to rely on services sectors (e.g., the financial services sector), and a prolonged slowdown in one or more services sectors is likely to have a negative impact on economies of certain developed countries. Acts of terrorism in developed countries or against their interests may cause uncertainty in the financial markets and adversely affect the performance of the issuers to which the Fund has exposure. Many developed countries are heavily indebted and face rising healthcare and retirement expenses. In addition, price fluctuations of certain commodities and regulations impacting the import of commodities may negatively affect developed country economies.

 

Equity Securities Risk. Common stocks are susceptible to general stock market fluctuations and to volatile increases and decreases in value as market confidence in and perceptions of their issuers change. If you held common stock, or common stock equivalents, of any given issuer, you would generally be exposed to greater risk than if you held preferred stocks and debt obligations of such issuer.

 

European Economic Risk . The European financial markets have experienced volatility and adverse trends in recent years due to concerns about economic downturns or rising government debt levels in several European countries. These events have adversely affected the exchange rate of the euro and may continue to significantly affect European countries. Responses to financial problems by European governments, central banks and others, including austerity measures and reforms, may not produce the desired results, may result in social unrest and may limit future growth and economic recovery or have other unintended consequences. Further defaults or restructurings by governments and other entities of their debt could have additional adverse effects on economies, financial markets and asset valuations around the world. In addition, one or more countries may abandon the euro and/or withdraw from the E.U., which actions may introduce significant uncertainties and instability in the financial markets. The occurrence of terrorist incidents throughout Europe also could impact financial markets. The impact of these events is not clear but could be significant and far-reaching and adversely affect the value of the Fund.

 

Exchange-Traded Vehicle Risk . The Fund may invest in ETFs, exchange-traded notes (“ ETNs ”) and other exchange-traded products (collectively with ETFs and ETNs, “ ETPs ”). A Fund’s investment in an ETP is exposed to additional expenses, underlying risks and market structure risks that relate to such ETP.

 

Fluctuation of Net Asset Value. The net asset value (“ NAV ”) of the Fund’s Shares will generally fluctuate with changes in market value of the Fund’s holdings. The market prices of the Fund’s Shares will generally fluctuate in accordance with changes in NAV as well as the relative supply and demand for the Shares on the Exchange. The Advisor cannot predict whether Shares will trade below, at, or above their NAV, and an investor may sustain losses if Shares are purchased at a time when their market price is at a premium (above) their NAV, or sold at a time when their market price is at a discount to (below) their NAV.

 

Foreign Investments Risk. Returns on investments in foreign securities could be more volatile than, or trail the returns on, investments in U.S. securities. Investments in securities issued by entities based outside the U.S. pose distinct risks since political and economic events unique to a country or region will affect those markets and their

 

23  

 

 

issuers. These risks may be heightened in connection with investments in developing or emerging countries. In addition, investments in ADRs, GDRs and EDRs may be less liquid and more volatile than the underlying Shares in their primary trading market.

 

Foreign Securities Valuation Risk . The Fund may hold foreign securities that may trade on different schedules than that of the Shares. This may result in the fair valuing of foreign securities or a material change in the value of the underlying investments of the Fund at a time when shareholders may not be able to trade their position in the Shares. Additionally, foreign securities may be priced in a currency other than the U.S. Dollar. When a Fund’s securities are fair valued, the process involves a degree of subjectivity and thus security prices used to calculate the Fund’s NAV may differ from the prices used by other market participants. Any such valuation risks may result in a difference between the market price for a Fund’s Shares and the Fund’s NAV per Share

 

Geographic Risk. A natural or other disaster could occur in a geographic region in which the Fund invests, which could affect the economy or particular business operations of companies in the specific geographic region, causing an adverse impact on the Fund’s investments in the affected region.

 

Hedge Risk. The Fund expects to regularly include hedging strategies with the portfolio to de-emphasize specific factor risk, such as the price of currencies and commodities or interest rate movements. There is no guarantee that the Advisor’s hedging techniques and decisions will produce the desired results.

 

Issuer Risk. From time to time the Fund may have exposure to a limited number of issuers. During such times, the Fund is more susceptible to the risk that an issuer’s securities may decline (or appreciate, for short positions) in value.

 

Large-Capitalization Securities Risk. Returns on investments in securities of large companies could trail the returns on investments in securities of smaller and mid-sized companies.

 

Management Risk. Your investment in the Fund varies with the success and failure of the Fund management team’s investment strategies and the Fund management team’s research, analysis, and determination of portfolio securities. If the Advisor’s investment strategies, including its stop loss and goal setting process, do not produce the expected results, the value of the Fund would decrease. The Advisor is newly formed and it and the portfolio managers have no experience managing an ETF.

 

Market Risk. The Fund could lose money over short periods due to short-term market movements and over longer periods during market downturns.

 

Market Trading Risk. The Fund is a new fund and faces numerous market trading risks, including the potential lack of an active market for Fund Shares, losses from trading in secondary markets, periods of high volatility and disruption in the creation/redemption process of the Fund. Although it is expected that generally the exchange price of the Shares will approximate the Fund’s NAV, there may be times when the market price in the Secondary Market and the NAV vary significantly. ANY OF THESE FACTORS, AMONG OTHERS, MAY LEAD TO THE FUND’S SHARES TRADING AT A PREMIUM OR DISCOUNT TO NAV.

 

Model Risk . There can be no assurance that any particular model or investment strategy for security selection or analysis of political, policy or economic themes, including those devised by the Advisor, will be profitable for any Fund, and may result in a loss of principal.

 

Political and Social Risk . Unanticipated political or social developments may result in sudden and significant investment losses. Political and social developments that are anticipated but at odds with a Fund’s theme may result in sudden and significant investment losses.

 

Portfolio Turnover Risk. A high portfolio turnover rate (100% or more) has the potential to result in the realization and distribution to shareholders of higher capital gains, which may subject you to a higher tax liability.

 

Security Risk . Some geographic areas in which the Fund invests have experienced acts of terrorism and strained international relations due to territorial disputes, historical animosities, defense concerns and other security

 

24  

 

 

concerns. These situations may cause uncertainty in the political and economic markets of these geographic areas and may adversely affect their economies.

 

Seed Investor Risk . The Advisor expects to make payments to one or more investors that contribute seed capital to the Fund. Such payments will be made from the assets of the Advisor and not by the Fund. Seed investors may contribute all or a majority of the assets in the Fund, and there is a risk that such seed investors may redeem their investments in the Fund. As with redemptions by other large shareholders, such redemptions could have a significant negative impact on the Fund.

 

Shares are Not Individually Redeemable. Shares are only redeemable by the Fund at NAV if they are tendered in large blocks known as “Creation Units,” which are expected to be worth in excess of $500 thousand each. Individual Shares may be sold on a stock exchange at their current market prices, which may be less, more or equal to their NAV. See “Market Trading Risk.”

 

Short Selling Risk . Short positions entered into by the Fund may involve higher risks and costs, and potential losses relating to such investments are not typically limited.

 

Small- and Medium-Sized Companies Risk. Investing in securities of small and medium capitalization companies may involve greater volatility than investing in larger and more established companies because small and medium capitalization companies can be subject to more abrupt or erratic share price changes than larger, more established companies.

 

U.S. Tax Risk . To qualify for the favorable U.S. federal income tax treatment accorded to regulated investment companies, each Fund must satisfy certain income, asset diversification, and distribution requirements. If, for any taxable year, the Fund does not qualify as a regulated investment company, all of its taxable income (including its net capital gain) for that year would be subject to tax at regular corporate rates without any deduction for distributions to its shareholders, and such distributions would be taxable to its shareholders as dividend income to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits. If the Fund does not qualify as a regulated investment company, there will be reduced monies from which to pay shareholders a dividend.

 

Performance Information

 

As of the date of this Prospectus, the Fund has not yet commenced operations and therefore does not report its performance information. When the Fund has been in operation for one full calendar year, performance information will be shown here. Updated performance information will be available on the Fund’s “Website,” at www.eventshares.com or by calling the Fund toll-free at 1-877-539-1510.

 

Management

 

Investment Advisor. Active Weighting Advisors LLC is the Fund’s investment advisor and will be responsible to the Fund for its day-to-day investment management.

 

Portfolio Manager. The portfolio manager responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund is Benjamin Phillips, Chief Investment Officer of the Advisor. Mr. Phillips has served as portfolio manager of the Fund since commencement of operations in 2017.

 

Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares

 

The Fund is an ETF. Unlike conventional mutual funds, the Fund issues and redeems Shares on a continuous basis, at NAV, only in Creation Units comprised of blocks of 25,000 Shares, or whole multiples thereof. Shares are not individually redeemable, and may only be issued to or redeemed by or through Authorized Participants. The Fund’s Creation Units are issued and redeemed principally “in kind” for securities included in the Fund, but may also be issued and redeemed for cash. Retail investors may acquire Shares on the Bats BZX through a broker-dealer. Shares of the Fund will trade on the Secondary Market at market price rather than NAV. As such, Shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).

 

25  

 

 

Tax Information

 

The Fund’s distributions are expected to be taxed as ordinary income, qualified dividend income and/or capital gains, unless you are investing through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or individual retirement account. However, subsequent withdrawals from such a tax-advantaged account may be subject to U.S. federal income tax. You should consult your tax advisor about your specific situation.

 

Financial Intermediary Compensation

 

If you purchase the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund Shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.

 

26  

 

 

OVERVIEW

 

The Trust is an investment company consisting of separate investment portfolios (each, a “ Fund ”) that are exchange-traded funds (“ ETFs ”). ETFs are funds whose shares are listed on a stock exchange and trade like equity securities at market prices. ETFs, such as the Funds, allow you to buy or sell shares that represent the collective performance of a selected group of securities. ETFs are designed to add the flexibility, ease and liquidity of stock-trading to the benefits of traditional investing in actively-managed mutual funds. Each Fund is an actively managed ETF that does not seek to replicate the performance of a specified index. Each Fund’s investment objective is correlated to a particular theme or event outcome. As a result, the Funds may underperform in times when a Fund’s related theme or event outcome is not realized.

 

This Prospectus contains important information about investing in the Funds. Please read this Prospectus carefully before you make any investment decisions. It contains important facts about the Trust as a whole and each Fund in particular. Additional information regarding the Funds is available at www.eventshares.com.

 

Active Weighting Advisors LLC (the “ Advisor ”) is the investment advisor to each Fund. Shares of each Fund are listed for trading on Bats BZX Exchange (“ Exchange ” or “ Bats BZX ”).

 

The market price for a share of a Fund may be different from the Fund’s most recent NAV. As of the date of this Prospectus, the Funds have not commenced operations and therefore have not accumulated information to report regarding the extent and frequency with which market prices of Shares have tracked such Funds’ NAV. Information regarding the extent and frequency with which market prices of Shares have tracked the relevant Fund’s NAV for the most recently completed calendar year and the quarters since that year will be available without charge on the Funds’ website at www.eventshares.com.

 

DESCRIPTION OF THE PRINCIPAL STRATEGIES OF THE FUNDS

 

Unless otherwise noted, the following Principal Investment Strategies are used by each of the Funds.

 

The types of equity securities in which the Funds will generally invest include common stocks, preferred stocks, rights, warrants, convertibles, ETFs and master limited partnerships (businesses organized as partnerships which trade on public exchanges). The Funds may also invest in ADRs, GDRs and EDRs. The types of debt securities in which the Funds will generally invest include corporate debt securities, U.S. Government securities, foreign sovereign debt securities, U.S. Government agency securities, high-yield bonds (also known as “junk bonds”), ETPs, mortgage-backed securities and variable and floating rate securities. An ETN is an unsecured debt security that trades on an established exchange. Its underlying value is determined by reference to an index, commodity, interest rate or other objectively determined reference. Each Fund may invest in debt securities of all maturities, from less than one year up to thirty years, depending on the portfolio manager’s assessment of the risks and opportunities along the yield curve. (The yield curve refers to differences in yield among debt assets of varying maturities.) Each Fund may engage in short selling in accordance with its objectives.

 

Each Fund may invest without limitation in securities of foreign issuers, including the securities of issuers located in emerging markets. These investments will typically be direct investments in the company on the respective foreign exchange or through ADRs, GDRs or EDRs. ADRs, GDRs and EDRs are typically issued by a financial institution (“ Depository ”) and evidence ownership interests in a security or a pool of underlying securities that have been deposited with the Depository. Notwithstanding the foregoing, under normal circumstances the U.S. Tax Reform Fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets in the securities of issuers domiciled in the U.S. and the European Union Breakup Fund will invest at least 80% of its total assets in the securities of issuers domiciled in E.U. Members. The U.S. Tax Reform Fund and European Union Breakup Fund’s respective 80% investment policy are non-fundamental and each requires 60 days’ prior written notice to shareholders before it can be changed.

 

For each Fund, derivatives may comprise up to 20% of its portfolio, both to seek to increase the return of the Fund and to hedge (or protect) the value of its assets against adverse movements in currency exchange rates, interest rates and commodities. The Funds may seek to provide exposure to the investment returns of real assets that trade in the commodity markets through investment in commodity-linked derivative instruments and investment

 

27  

 

 

vehicles such as ETFs that invest exclusively in commodities and are designed to provide this exposure without direct investment in physical commodities.

 

Each Fund may use a variety of equity option strategies in an attempt to enhance return or to mitigate risk and volatility. Each Fund may buy call positions to leverage those long positions the Advisor believes will gain in value. Additionally, each Fund may buy put positions to leverage those short positions the Advisors believe will gain in value. Buying and selling other combinations of calls and puts with differing expiration dates and/or strike prices can be varied and used with similar objectives as single option strategies, such as to generate income and/or mitigate the risk of owing a security, but at particular price ranges, time frames, total risk exposures, or implementation costs. Options may also be used to facilitate entering into or exiting from a security with limited trading volume relative to the size of the position held or intended to be held, and may be purchased or sold to close out an existing option position of each Fund. An option on a security that is not exercised prior to its expiration becomes worthless, resulting in a gain to the option seller equal to the amount of the option premium received, and a loss to the option buyer equal to the amount of the option premium paid. Options on indices may be used to enhance return and/or mitigate the risk to the value of a Fund’s share price due to market movements. Option strategies incur transaction costs, which affect their after-cost effectiveness.

 

ETFs may be used to provide access to various debt markets, commodities, and hedging or other strategies. ETFs may also be used for exposure to domestic and international equities classified by company size, growth or value characteristics, country or region, and industry groups.

 

To the extent a Fund makes investments that are regulated by the Commodities Futures Trading Commission, it intends to do so in accordance with Rule 4.5 under the Commodity Exchange Act (“ CEA ”). The Advisor has filed a notice of eligibility for exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” in accordance with Rule 4.5 and is therefore not subject to registration as a commodity pool operator under the CEA.

 

The Advisor primarily uses fundamental analysis, with targeted quantitative analysis, to select the individual securities to be included in the portfolio. The specified models employed by the Advisor in managing the portfolio of each Fund are further discussed in the respective summary section for each such Fund, and below.

 

When choosing investment markets, Fund management considers various factors, including the thematic concern for the applicable Fund, as well as general economic and political conditions, potential for economic growth and possible changes in currency exchange rates. In selecting investments, a Fund mainly will seek securities that Fund management believes are expected to appreciate in value, with a particular emphasis on the thematic considerations of the Fund.

 

Each Fund generally will seek diversification across markets, industries and issuers as one of its strategies to reduce volatility. However, a Fund may concentrate the securities by industry or geographic location based on the Fund management outlook. Other than as set forth herein with respect to the 80% naming rule test for the U.S. Tax Reform Fund and the European Union Breakup Fund, each Fund has no geographic limits on where it may invest.

 

While many investment managers attempt to perform well relative to a fluctuating market index or benchmark, and other investment managers generally seek capital appreciation, the investment approach used for each Fund by the Advisor attempts to select a portfolio that is expected to experience capital appreciate and deliver returns based upon a selected thematic approach. The Republican Policies Fund selects securities that are expected to be impacted by the enactment of Republican Policies. The Democratic Policies Fund selects securities that are expected to be impacted by the enactment of Democratic Policies. The U.S. Tax Reform Fund selects securities that are expected to be impacted by the enactment of changes to the U.S. Tax Code. The European Union Breakup Fund selects securities that are expected to be impacted by European Union member countries abandoning the euro currency or withdrawing from the E.U.

 

Research Process for the Republican Policies Fund and Democratic Policies Fund

 

The Advisor will, based on its discretionary analysis, identify policies it views as priorities for the Republican party and Democratic party, as applicable. The Advisor reviews press releases, official party statements,

 

28  

 

 

and legislative analysis reports of Republican and Democratic House and Senate legislative groups. The Advisor also considers the legislative agendas of think tanks, foundations, and outside committees that self-identify as focused on Republican Policies or Democratic Policies, as applicable. For Republican Policies, these groups include, but are not limited to, the Republican National Committee, the Republican Study Committee, the Senate Republican Conference, The Heritage Foundation, and the Cato Institute. For Democratic Policies, these groups include, but are not limited to, the Democratic National Committee, the Democratic Study Committee, the Senate Democratic Conference, and the Center for American Progress.

 

The Advisor also examines legislative priorities and ideological beliefs of individual members of the Republican and Democratic parties that the Advisor identifies as key party leaders. If differences exist between key party leaders and their respective party, the Advisor generally weights policies identified at the party level more heavily than policies identified at the individual member level.

 

In years of presidential and legislative elections, the Advisor incorporates election platforms based on campaign speeches and candidate defined priority issues on their official election website, as well as the official platform of the Republican National Committee and the Democratic National Committee, as applicable. The Advisor, based on its discretionary analysis of the election cycle, will incorporate the policies and priorities of the leading Republican and Democratic presidential candidates.

 

At any given time, the Advisor generally identifies four to ten Republican Policies for consideration in constructing the Republican Policies Fund’s portfolio and four to ten Democratic Policies for consideration in constructing the Democratic Policies Fund’s portfolio. In selecting Republican Policies and Democratic Policies, the Advisor considers, including, but not limited to, the following items:

 

expected timeline of introducing, debating, and voting on bills associated with a policy;

ability of the policy to cause securities of issuers to appreciate in value; and

thematic catalysts, including control of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches, and the corresponding ability of the Republican party to implement the policy.

 

In determining whether to remove a Republican Policy or Democratic Policy from consideration in constructing the applicable Fund’s portfolio, the Advisor uses the same type of analysis it uses in selecting such policy. The Advisor continuously reviews each Republican Policy and Democratic Policy represented within the portfolio for relevance within the current administration or party platform. If a Republican Policy or Democratic Policy, based on the Advisor’s discretionary analysis, is determined to no longer be relevant, such policy will be removed and each investment position relating to the policy will be exited.

 

Research Process for the U.S. Tax Reform Fund

 

The Advisor will, based on its discretionary analysis, identify themes it views as Tax Reform Themes. At any given time, the Advisor generally identifies four to ten Tax Reform Themes for consideration in constructing the Fund’s portfolio. The Advisor expects to review, among other things:

 

drafts of tax reform proposals issued by legislative or executive U.S. government branches;

press releases issued by legislative or executive U.S. government branches or outside organizations such as think tanks and foundations; and

pending legislation introduced in the House of Representatives or Senate.

 

If multiple competing versions of tax reform exist, the Fund is constructed in accordance with the proposal or bill the Advisor believes possesses the highest probability of being enacted. The Advisor will, based on its discretionary analysis, consider the expected timeline of introducing, debating, and voting on the proposal as well as the ability of the party putting forth the proposal to implement tax reform.

 

In determining whether to remove a Tax Reform Theme from consideration in constructing the Fund’s portfolio, the Advisor uses the same type of analysis it uses in selecting Tax Reform Themes. The Advisor continuously reviews each Tax Reform Theme represented within the portfolio for relevance within the current tax

 

29  

 

 

reform debate. If a Tax Reform Theme, based on the Advisor’s discretionary analysis, is determined to no longer be relevant, such theme will be removed and each investment position relating to the theme will be exited.

 

Research Process for the European Union Breakup Fund

 

The Advisor begins the process by researching each E.U. Member’s exposure to E.U. Breakup Themes. The Advisor utilizes this step to model how an E.U. Member’s capital markets, currency and trade flows are impacted by E.U. Breakup Themes and E.U. Exit Actions. The Advisor reviews, including, but not limited to, the following E.U. Member country fundamentals:

 

relative trade flows, including trade surpluses and deficits, between individual countries;

population demographics of each E.U. Member;

economic indicators of E.U. Members, including Gross Domestic Product, unemployment rate, and government debt, relative to other E.U. Members; and

primary imports and exports of each E.U. Member.

 

Such fundamentals and their respective economic or capital market effects on each Member are referred to as “ E.U. Member Impacts ”.

 

The Advisor will, based on its discretionary analysis, identify themes it views as E.U. Breakup Themes. At any given time, the Advisor generally identifies four to ten E.U. Breakup Themes for consideration in the construction of the Fund’s portfolio. The determination of E.U. Breakup Themes for inclusion of the Fund’s portfolio may include analysis of a combination of the characteristics of an E.U. Exit Actions and the related effect of such E.U. Exit Actions on E.U. Member Impacts.

 

In determining whether to remove an E.U. Breakup Theme from consideration in constructing the Fund’s portfolio, the Advisor uses the same type of analysis it uses in selecting E.U. Breakup Themes. The Advisor continuously reviews each E.U. Breakup Theme represented within the portfolio for relevance within the current dynamics of the E.U. and its E.U. Members. If an E.U. Breakup Theme, based on the Advisor’s discretionary analysis, is determined to no longer be relevant, such theme will be removed and each investment position relating to the theme will be exited.

 

ADDITIONAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES

 

In addition to its principal investment strategies, the Fund may, as a non-principal strategy, also invest in money market instruments, including short-term debt instruments or other funds which invest exclusively in money market instruments (subject to applicable limitations under the 1940 Act, or exemptions therefrom), for liquidity purposes, or to earn interest.

 

As a non-principal strategy, the European Union Breakup Fund may obtain exposure (either directly, through derivatives or through ETPs) to one or more currency.

 

The Advisor determines the “domicile” of issuers of securities in which a Fund invests by using data provided by an unaffiliated third-party data service. Although no single factor or uniformity of factors will be required, the Advisor will consider the following criteria in determining the domicile of an issuer: (i) the country in which the company is incorporated; (ii) the country in which the company is headquartered; and iii) the country in which the company’s securities are traded in the most liquid manner.

 

Each of the policies described in this Prospectus, including the investment objective of each Fund, constitutes a non-fundamental policy that may be changed by the Board of Trustees of the Trust (the “ Board ”) without shareholder approval. The fundamental policies of the Funds are set forth in the Funds’ Statement of Additional Information (the “ SAI ”) under “Investment Restrictions.”

 

Securities Lending

 

The Funds may lend their portfolio securities. In connection with such loans, the Funds receive liquid

 

30  

 

 

collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent. This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis.

 

Borrowing Money

 

Each Fund may borrow money from a bank as permitted by 1940 Act, or other governing statute, by the Rules thereunder, or by the SEC or other regulatory agency with authority over the Fund, but only for temporary or emergency purposes. The Funds may also invest in reverse repurchase agreements, which are considered borrowings under the 1940 Act. Although the 1940 Act presently allows a Fund to borrow from any bank (including pledging, mortgaging or hypothecating assets) in an amount up to 33 1/3 percent of its total assets (not including temporary borrowings not in excess of 5 percent of its total assets), and there is no limit on the percentage of Fund assets that can be used in connection with reverse repurchase agreements, under normal circumstances any borrowings by a Fund will not exceed 10 percent of the Fund’s total assets.

 

ADDITIONAL DESCRIPTION OF THE PRINCIPAL RISKS OF THE FUNDS

 

Investors in the Funds should carefully consider the risks of investing in the Funds as set forth in each Fund’s Summary Information section under “Principal Risks.” To the extent such risks apply, they are discussed hereunder in greater detail. Unless otherwise noted, the following risks apply to all of the Funds.

 

There can be no assurance that the Funds will achieve their investment objectives.

 

Absence of Prior Active Market Risk. Although the Shares of each Fund are approved for listing on the Bats BZX, there can be no assurance that an active trading market will develop and be maintained for the Shares of the Fund. Additionally, during times of market stress, market makers or Authorized Participants may step away from their respective roles in making a market in a Fund’s Shares, which could reduce Secondary Market liquidity for the Shares and result in a greater variance between the market price of the Shares and the Fund’s NAV per Share. Therefore, there may be times when there is little, sporadic or no market liquidity for Shares, which could negatively affect the price of such Shares. As a new fund, there can be no assurance that a Fund will grow to or maintain an economically viable size, in which case the Fund may ultimately liquidate.

 

Authorized Participant Risk. Only certain large institutions known as Authorized Participants may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the Fund. The Fund has a limited number of institutions that may act as Authorized Participants on an agency basis (i.e., on behalf of other market participants). To the extent that those Authorized Participants exit the business or are unable to proceed with creation and/or redemption orders with the Fund and no other Authorized Participant is able to step forward to engage in creation and redemption transactions with the Fund, Fund Shares may be more likely to trade at a premium or discount to NAV and possibly face trading halts and/or delisting. This risk may be enhanced to the extent the securities held by the Fund are traded outside of a collateralized settlement system, such as with certain debt securities and non-US securities.

 

Asset Allocation Risk. The Fund’s investment performance depends upon the successful allocation by the Advisor of the Fund’s assets among asset classes, geographical regions, industry sectors, and specific issuers and investments. There is no guarantee that the Advisor’s allocation techniques and decisions will produce the desired results. The Fund’s selection and weighting of asset classes may cause it to underperform other funds with a similar investment objective. In particular, the prices of stocks and bonds in a Fund’s portfolio may fall or fail to rise over extended periods of time for a variety of reasons, including both general financial market conditions and factors related to a specific issuer or industry. These risks are generally greater for small- and medium-sized companies. Each Fund may invest in securities that are susceptible to specific investment risks. Dividend-paying common stocks tend to go through cycles of doing better (or worse) than the stock market in general. These periods have, in the past, lasted for as long as several years. If stocks held by the Fund reduce or stop paying dividends, the Fund’s ability to generate income may be affected. Growth companies are those whose earnings growth potential appears to be greater than that of the market in general, and whose revenue growth is expected to continue for an extended period of time. Stocks of growth companies or “growth securities” have market values that may be more volatile than those of other types of investments. Growth companies typically do not pay a dividend, and dividends can help cushion stock prices in market downturns and reduce potential losses. Value companies are those whose stocks appear to be priced at a material discount to the underlying value of the issuing company. The reason for the

 

31  

 

 

apparent discount may reflect an underlying business condition that is more serious or permanent than anticipated, and stocks of value companies may remain depressed for extended periods of time, or may never realize their expected potential value. Companies with an apparently attractive financial condition and prospects for ongoing financial stability may experience adverse business conditions specific to their industry or enterprise that cause their financial condition and prospects to deteriorate. To the extent a Fund invests in dividend-paying common stocks, growth stocks, value stocks or the stocks of companies that experience negative developments in their financial condition, the Fund may underperform funds that invest in other types of securities.

 

Commodities Risk . Investing in the commodities markets (directly or indirectly) may subject a Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities, and exposure to commodities can cause the net asset value of Fund Shares to decline or fluctuate in a rapid and unpredictable manner. Commodity prices may be influenced by unfavorable weather, animal and plant disease, geologic and environmental factors as well as changes in government regulation such as tariffs, embargoes or burdensome production rules and restrictions. A liquid secondary market may not exist for certain commodity investments, which may make it difficult for a Fund to sell them at a desirable price or at the price at which it is carrying them.

 

Currency Hedging Risk . [ European Union Breakup Fund only ] The Fund may employ various strategies to reduce the impact of changes in the value of applicable currencies. However, these strategies may not be successful. Even if these strategies are successful, a Fund will continue to have significant exposure to the applicable currency. Changes in currency exchange rates and the relative value of non-U.S. currencies will affect the value of a Fund’s investments and the value of your Fund Shares. Because each Fund’s NAV is determined on the basis of U.S. dollars, the U.S. dollar value of an investment in a Fund may go down if the value of the local currency of the non-U.S. markets in which the Fund invests depreciates against the U.S. dollar. This is true even if the local currency value of securities in the Fund’s holdings goes up. Conversely, the dollar value of your investment in the Fund may go up if the value of the local currency appreciates against the U.S. dollar.

 

The value of the U.S. dollar measured against other currencies is influenced by a variety of factors. These factors include: national debt levels and trade deficits, changes in balances of payments and trade, domestic and foreign interest and inflation rates, global or regional political, economic or financial events, monetary policies of governments, actual or potential government intervention, and global energy prices. Political instability, the possibility of government intervention and restrictive or opaque business and investment policies may also reduce the value of a country’s currency. Government monetary policies and the buying or selling of currency by a country’s government may also influence exchange rates.

 

Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. As a result, the value of an investment in a Fund may change quickly and without warning, and you may lose money.

 

Currency Risk. [ European Union Breakup Fund only ] Investments directly in foreign (non-U.S.) currencies or in securities that trade in, and receive revenues in, foreign (non-U.S.) currencies are subject to the risk that those currencies will decline in value relative to the U.S. dollar, or, in the case of hedging positions, that the U.S. dollar will decline in value relative to the currency being hedged. Currency rates in foreign countries may fluctuate significantly over short periods of time for a number of reasons, including changes in interest rates, intervention (or the failure to intervene) by U.S. or foreign governments, central banks or supranational entities such as the International Monetary Fund, or by the imposition of currency controls or other political developments in the U.S. or abroad. As a result, a Fund’s investments in foreign currency denominated securities may reduce the return of the Fund.

 

Debt Securities Risk. The values of debt securities may increase or decrease as a result of the following: market fluctuations, increases in interest rates, actual or perceived inability or unwillingness of issuers, guarantors or liquidity providers to make scheduled principal or interest payments or illiquidity in debt securities markets; the risk of low rates of return due to reinvestment of securities during periods of falling interest rates or repayment by issuers with higher coupon or interest rates; and/or the risk of low income due to falling interest rates. Interest rates may go up resulting in a decrease in the value of the debt securities held by the Funds. Credit risk is the risk that an issuer will not make timely payments of principal and interest. There is also the risk that an issuer may “call,” or repay, its high yielding bonds before their maturity dates. Debt securities subject to prepayment can offer less potential for gains during a declining interest rate environment and similar or greater potential for loss in a rising interest rate

 

32  

 

 

environment. Limited trading opportunities for certain debt securities may make it more difficult to sell or buy a security at a favorable price or time.

 

High-Yield Securities Risk. Debt securities receiving below investment grade ratings (i.e., “junk bonds”) may have speculative characteristics, and, compared to higher-grade securities, may have a weakened capacity to make principal and interest payments in economic conditions or other circumstances. High-yield, high risk, and lower-rated securities are subject to additional risk factors, such as increased possibility of default, decreased liquidity, and fluctuations in value due to public perception of the issuer of such securities. These bonds are almost always uncollateralized and subordinate to other debt that an issuer may have outstanding. In addition, both individual high-yield securities and the entire high-yield bond market can experience sharp price swings due to a variety of factors, including changes in economic forecasts, stock market activity, large sustained sales by major investors, or a higher profile default.

 

Derivatives Risk . The Funds may enter into derivative transactions, or “derivatives,” which may include options, forwards, futures, options on futures and swap agreements. The value of derivatives is based on certain underlying equity or fixed-income securities, interest rates, currencies or indices. The use of these transactions is a highly specialized activity that involves investment techniques, tax planning and risks that are different from those of ordinary securities transactions. Derivatives may be hard to sell at an advantageous price or time and typically are very sensitive to changes in the underlying security, interest rate, currency or index. As a result, derivatives can be highly volatile. If the Advisor is incorrect about its expectations of changes to the underlying securities, interest rates, currencies, indices or market conditions, the use of derivatives could result in a loss, which in some cases may be unlimited. Derivatives may also be subject to counterparty risk, which is the risk that the counterparty (the party on the other side of the transaction) on a derivative transaction will be unable to honor its contractual obligations to the Fund. In the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of a counterparty, a Fund could experience the loss of some or all of its investment in a derivative or experience delays in liquidating its positions, including declines in the value of its investment during the period in which the Fund seeks to enforce its rights, and an inability to realize any gains on its investment during such period. A Fund may also incur fees and expenses in enforcing its rights. In addition, certain derivative transactions can result in leverage. Leverage involves investment exposure in an amount exceeding the initial investment. Leverage can cause increased volatility by magnifying gains or losses. Investments in derivatives may increase or accelerate the amount of taxable income of a Fund, or result in the deferral of losses that would otherwise be recognized by a Fund, in determining the amount of dividends distributable to shareholders. As investment companies registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“ SEC ”), the Funds must maintain reserves of liquid assets to “cover” obligations with respect to certain kinds of derivative instruments.

 

Counterparty Risk . Many of the protections afforded to participants on some organized exchanges, such as the performance guarantee of an exchange clearing house, are not available in connection with OTC derivatives transactions. In those instances, the Fund or an ETP in which the Fund invests will be subject to the risk that its direct counterparty will not perform its obligations under the transactions and that the Fund or such ETP will sustain losses.

 

Equity Options Risk. Options on securities may be subject to greater fluctuations in value than an investment in the underlying securities. Purchasing and writing put and call options are highly specialized activities and entail greater than ordinary investment risks. The successful use of options depends in part on the ability of the Advisor to manage future price fluctuations and the degree of correlation between the options and securities (or currency) markets. By writing put options on equity securities, a Fund gives up the opportunity to benefit from potential increases in the value of the common stocks above the strike prices of the written put options, but continues to bear the risk of declines in the value of its common stock portfolio. A Fund will receive a premium from writing a covered call option that it retains whether or not the option is exercised. The premium received from the written options may not be sufficient to offset any losses sustained from the volatility of the underlying equity securities over time.

 

Forward and Futures Contract Risk. The primary risks associated with the use of forward and futures contracts are (a) the imperfect correlation between the change in market value of the instruments held by the Fund and the price of the forward or futures contract; (b) the possible lack of a liquid secondary market for a forward or futures contract and the resulting inability to close a forward or futures contract when desired; (c) the possibility that the counterparty will default in the performance of its obligations; and

 

33  

 

 

(d) the possibility that, if the Fund has insufficient cash, the Fund may have to sell securities from its portfolio to meet daily variation margin requirements, and the Fund may have to sell securities at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so.

 

Swap Agreements . Swap agreements are entered into primarily with major global financial institutions for a specified period which may range from one day to more than one year. In a standard swap transaction, two parties agree to exchange the return (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on particular predetermined reference or underlying securities or instruments. The gross return to be exchanged or swapped between the parties is calculated based on a notional amount or the return on or change in value of a particular dollar amount invested in a basket of securities representing a particular index. Total return swaps are subject to counterparty risk, which relates to credit risk of the counterparty and liquidity risk of the swaps themselves.

 

Developed Countries Risk . Investment in developed country issuers may subject a Fund to regulatory, political, currency, security, economic and other risks associated with developed countries. Developed countries generally tend to rely on services sectors (e.g., the financial services sector), and a prolonged slowdown in one or more services sectors is likely to have a negative impact on economies of certain developed countries. Acts of terrorism in developed countries or against their interests may cause uncertainty in the financial markets and adversely affect the performance of the issuers to which a Fund has exposure. Many developed countries are heavily indebted and face rising healthcare and retirement expenses. In addition, price fluctuations of certain commodities and regulations impacting the import of commodities may negatively affect developed country economies.

 

Equity Securities Risk. The Funds are designed for investors who can accept the risks of investing in a portfolio with significant equity holdings. Equity holdings tend to be more volatile than other investment choices such as bonds and money market instruments because common stockholders, or holders of equivalent interests, generally have inferior rights to receive payments from issuers in comparison with the rights of preferred stockholders, bondholders and other creditors of such issuers. The value of each Fund’s Shares will fluctuate as a result of the movement of the overall stock market or of the value of the individual securities held by the Fund, sometimes rapidly or unpredictably, resulting in losses. Equity securities may decline in value due to factors affecting equity securities markets generally or particular industries represented in those markets. The value of an equity security may also decline for a number of reasons, which directly relate to the issuer, such as management performance, financial leverage and reduced demand for the issuer’s goods or services.

 

European Economic Risk . [ European Union Breakup Fund only ] The E.U. requires compliance with restrictions on inflation rates, deficits, interest rates and debt levels, as well as fiscal and monetary controls, each of which may significantly affect every country in Europe. Decreasing imports or exports, changes in governmental or E.U. regulations on trade, changes in the exchange rate of the euro (the common currency of certain E.U. countries), the default or threat of default by an E.U. Member on its sovereign debt (including, without limitation, the default by Greece) and/or an economic recession in an E.U. Member may have a significant adverse effect on the economies of E.U. Member and their trading partners. The European financial markets have experienced volatility and adverse trends in recent years due to concerns about economic downturns or rising government debt levels in several European countries, including, but not limited to, Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal, Spain and Ukraine. These events have adversely affected the exchange rate of the euro and may continue to significantly affect European countries.

 

Responses to financial problems by European governments, central banks and others, including austerity measures and reforms, may not produce the desired results, may result in social unrest and may limit future growth and economic recovery or have other unintended consequences. Further defaults or restructurings by governments and other entities of their debt could have additional adverse effects on economies, financial markets and asset valuations around the world. In addition, one or more countries may abandon the euro and/or withdraw from the E.U.. In a referendum held on June 23, 2016, the United Kingdom, which is a significant global economy, resolved to leave the E.U.. The referendum may introduce significant uncertainties and instability in the financial markets as the United Kingdom negotiates its exit from the E.U..

 

The occurrence of terrorist incidents throughout Europe also could impact financial markets. The impact of these events is not clear but could be significant and far-reaching and adversely affect the value of a Fund’s

 

34  

 

 

investment in issuers of the E.U..

 

Exchange-Traded Vehicle Risk . The Funds may invest in ETFs, exchange-traded notes and other exchange-traded products (collectively with ETFs and ETNs, “ ETPs ”). By investing in ETPs, a Fund indirectly bears the Fund’s proportionate share of any fees and expenses (e.g. management, custody, accounting, and administration) of the ETP, if applicable, in addition to the fees and expenses that the Fund and its shareholders directly bear in connection with the Fund’s operations. In addition, because of ETP expenses, compared to owning directly the underlying assets held or tracked by such ETP, it may be more costly to own an ETP.

 

Through its positions in ETPs, a Fund will be subject to the risks associated with such vehicles’ investments, or reference assets in the case of ETNs, including the possibility that the value of the securities or instruments held by an ETP could decrease. In addition, certain of the ETPs may hold common portfolio positions, thereby reducing any diversification benefits. Many ETFs seek to replicate a specific benchmark index. However, an ETF may not fully replicate the performance of its benchmark index for many reasons, including because of the temporary unavailability of certain index securities in the secondary market or discrepancies between the ETF and the index with respect to the weighting of securities or the number of stocks held.

 

Lack of liquidity in an ETP could result in an ETP being more volatile than the underlying assets it holds or references. In periods of market stress, withdrawal from participation by market makers may reduce Secondary Market liquidity for ETPs in which a Fund invests. Market stresses may also result in authorized participants ceasing to participate in creation and redemption activity for an ETP’s shares. As a result, a withdrawal of market makers or authorized participants may increase the spread between an ETP’s net asset value and the trading price for its shares.

 

Fluctuation of Net Asset Value. The NAV of a Fund’s Shares will generally fluctuate with changes in the market value of the Fund’s holdings. The market prices of the Shares will generally fluctuate in accordance with changes in NAV as well as the relative supply of and demand for the Shares on the Bats BZX. The Advisor cannot predict whether the Shares will trade below, at or above their NAV. Price differences may be due, in large part, to the fact that supply and demand forces at work in the secondary trading market for the Shares will be closely related to, but not identical to, the same forces influencing the prices of the securities held by a Fund, whether trading individually or in the aggregate, at any point in time. If an investor purchases Shares at a time when the market price is at a premium to the NAV of the Shares or sells at a time when the market price is at a discount to the NAV of the Shares, then the investor may sustain losses. However, given that the Shares can be purchased and redeemed in Creation Units (unlike shares of closed-end funds, which frequently trade at appreciable discounts from, and sometimes at premiums to, their NAV), the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of the Shares should not be sustained.

 

Foreign Investment Risk. [ European Union Breakup Fund only ] Foreign investments may carry risks associated with investing outside the United States, such as currency fluctuation, economic or financial instability, lack of timely or reliable financial information or unfavorable political or legal developments.

 

Foreign securities include ADRs and similar investments, including European Depositary Receipts (“ EDRs ”) and Global Depositary Receipts (“ GDRs ”), dollar denominated foreign securities and securities purchased directly on foreign exchanges. ADRs, EDRs and GDRs are depositary receipts for foreign company stocks which are not themselves listed on a U.S. exchange, and are issued by a bank and held in trust at that bank, and which entitle the owner of such depositary receipts to any capital gains or dividends from the foreign company stocks underlying the depositary receipts. ADRs are U.S. dollar denominated. EDRs and GDRs are typically U.S. dollar denominated but may be denominated in a foreign currency. Foreign securities, including ADRs, EDRs and GDRs, may be subject to more risks than U.S. domestic investments. These additional risks may potentially include lower liquidity, greater price volatility and risks related to adverse political, regulatory, market or economic developments. Foreign companies also may be subject to significantly higher levels of taxation than U.S. companies, including potentially confiscatory levels of taxation, thereby reducing the earnings potential of such foreign companies. In addition, amounts realized on sales of foreign securities may be subject to high and potentially confiscatory levels of foreign taxation and withholding when compared to comparable transactions in U.S. securities. A Fund will generally not be eligible to pass through to shareholders any U.S. federal income tax credits or deductions with respect to foreign taxes paid unless it meets certain requirements regarding the percentage of its total assets invested in foreign securities. Investments in foreign securities involve exposure to fluctuations in

 

35  

 

 

foreign currency exchange rates. Such fluctuations may reduce the value of the investment. Foreign investments are also subject to risks including potentially higher withholding and other taxes, trade settlement, custodial, and other operational risks and less stringent investor protection and disclosure standards in certain foreign markets. In addition, foreign markets can and often do perform differently from U.S. markets.

 

In addition, each Fund may invest in emerging markets. Emerging markets are those of countries with immature economic and political structures. Investments in securities of companies in emerging markets involve special risks. Investing in emerging market securities imposes risks different from, or greater than, risks in domestic securities or in foreign, developed countries. These risks include: smaller market capitalization of securities markets, which may suffer periods of relative illiquidity; significant price volatility; restrictions on foreign investment; and possible repatriation of investment income and capital. The currencies of emerging market countries may experience significant declines against the U.S. dollar, and devaluation may occur subsequent to investments in these currencies by a Fund. Inflation and rapid fluctuations in inflation rates have had, and may continue to have, negative effects on the economies and securities of certain emerging market countries.

 

Foreign Securities Valuation Risk . [ European Union Breakup Fund only ] The Funds may from time to time fair value the foreign securities they hold, as events may result in the fair value of foreign securities materially changing between the close of the local exchange on which they trade and the time at which the Funds price their Shares. Additionally, because foreign exchanges on which securities held by the Funds may be open on days when the Funds do not price their Shares, the potential exists for the value of the securities in a Fund’s portfolio to change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the Fund’s Shares. Moreover, foreign securities are more susceptible to trading halts and certain other corporate actions that might necessitate fair valuation of those securities. Additionally, foreign securities may be priced in a currency other than the U.S. Dollar. When a Fund’s securities are fair valued, the process involves a degree of subjectivity and thus security prices used to calculate the Fund’s NAV may differ from the prices used by other market participants. Any such valuation risks may result in a difference between the market price for a Fund’s Shares and the Fund’s NAV per Share.

 

Geographic Risk. A natural or other disaster could occur in a geographic region in which a Fund invests, which could affect the economy or particular business operations of companies in the specific geographic region, causing an adverse impact on the Fund’s investments in the affected region. Such a disaster may result in a loss to the Fund.

 

Hedge risk. [ European Union Breakup Fund only ] The Funds expect to regularly include hedging strategies with the portfolio to de-emphasize specific factor risk, such as the price of currencies and commodities or interest rate movements. There is no guarantee that the Advisor’s hedging techniques and decisions will produce the desired results.

 

Issuer Risk. A Fund may at times hold a smaller number of portfolio securities than many other funds. To the extent a Fund invests in a relatively small number of issuers, a decline in the market value of a particular security held by the Fund may affect its value more than if it invested in a larger number of issuers. The value of such Fund’s Shares may be more volatile than the values of shares of more diversified funds.

 

Large-Capitalization Securities Risk. Returns on investments in securities of large companies could trail the returns on investments in securities of smaller and mid-sized companies. Larger companies may be unable to respond as quickly as smaller and mid-sized companies to competitive challenges or to changes in business, product, financial, or market conditions. Larger companies may not be able to maintain growth at the high rates that may be achieved by well-managed smaller and mid-sized companies.

 

Management Risk. The skill of the Advisor will play a significant role in each Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objectives. A Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objectives depends on the ability of the Advisor to correctly identify economic trends, especially with regard to accurately forecasting projected dividend and growth rates and inflationary and deflationary periods. In addition, each Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective depends on the Advisor’s ability to select stocks, particularly in volatile stock markets. The Advisor could be incorrect in its analysis of industries, companies’ projected dividends and growth rates and the relative attractiveness of value stocks and other matters. In addition, the Advisor’s stop loss and goal setting process may not perform as expected, which may negatively impact a Fund.

 

36  

 

 

The Advisor is newly formed and has no experience managing an ETF. In addition, the portfolio managers have no experience managing a portfolio of securities for an ETF. The relative lack of experience of the Advisor and its portfolio managers may increase the applicable management risks discussed above.

 

Market Risk. Each Fund could lose money due to short-term market movements and over longer periods during market downturns. Securities may decline in value due to factors affecting securities markets generally or particular asset classes or industries represented in the markets. The value of a security may decline due to general market conditions, economic trends or events that are not specifically related to the issuer of the security or to factors that affect a particular industry or group of industries. During a general downturn in the securities markets, multiple asset classes may be negatively affected.

 

Market Trading Risk . The Fund faces numerous market trading risks, including the following:

 

Absence of Active Market . Although Shares of each Fund are listed for trading on one or more stock exchanges, each Fund is a new fund and there can be no assurance that an active trading market for such Shares will develop or be maintained by market makers or Authorized Participants.

 

Risk of Secondary Listings . Each Fund’s Shares may be listed or traded on U.S. and non-U.S. stock exchanges other than the U.S. stock exchange where the Fund’s primary listing is maintained. There can be no assurance that a Fund’s Shares will continue to trade on any such stock exchange or in any market or that a Fund’s Shares will continue to meet the requirements for listing or trading on any exchange or in any market. Each Fund’s Shares may be less actively traded in certain markets than in others, and investors are subject to the execution and settlement risks and market standards of the market where they or their broker direct their trades for execution. Certain information available to investors who trade Fund Shares on a U.S. stock exchange during regular U.S. market hours may not be available to investors who trade in other markets, which may result in secondary market prices in such markets being less efficient.

 

Secondary Market Trading Risk . Shares of each Fund may trade in the secondary market at times when a Fund does not accept orders to purchase or redeem Shares. At such times, Shares may trade in the secondary market with more significant premiums or discounts than might be experienced at times when a Fund accepts purchase and redemption orders.

 

Secondary market trading in Fund Shares may be halted by a stock exchange because of market conditions or for other reasons. In addition, trading in Fund Shares on a stock exchange or in any market may be subject to trading halts caused by extraordinary market volatility pursuant to “circuit breaker” rules on the stock exchange or market. There can be no assurance that the requirements necessary to maintain the listing or trading of Fund Shares will continue to be met or will remain unchanged.

 

Shares of each Fund, similar to shares of other issuers listed on a stock exchange, may be sold short and are therefore subject to the risk of increased volatility associated with short selling.

 

Shares Of The Fund May Trade At Prices Other Than Nav . Shares of each Fund trade on stock exchanges at prices at, above or below a Fund’s most recent NAV. The NAV of each Fund is calculated at the end of each business day and fluctuates with changes in the market value of a Fund’s holdings. The trading price of a Fund’s Shares fluctuates continuously throughout trading hours based on both market supply of and demand for Fund Shares and the underlying value of each Fund’s portfolio holdings or NAV. As a result, the trading prices of a Fund’s Shares may deviate significantly from NAV during periods of market volatility. ANY OF THESE FACTORS, AMONG OTHERS, MAY LEAD TO THE FUND’S SHARES TRADING AT A PREMIUM OR DISCOUNT TO NAV. However, because Shares can be created and redeemed in Creation Units at NAV (unlike shares of many closed-end funds, which frequently trade at appreciable discounts from, and sometimes at premiums to, their NAVs), Lattice believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of a Fund are not likely to be sustained over the long term. While the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it more likely that a Fund’s Shares normally will trade on stock exchanges at prices close to a Fund’s next calculated NAV, exchange prices are not expected to

 

37  

 

 

correlate exactly with a Fund’s NAV due to timing reasons, supply and demand imbalances and other factors. In addition, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers or Authorized Participants, or to market participants or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in trading prices for Shares of a Fund that differ significantly from its NAV.

 

Model Risk. Each Fund’s investment process includes the use of proprietary models and analysis methods developed by the Advisor, and data provided by third parties. The investment process also involves analysis of general political, policy and economic themes. Third party data and information used in models and analysis is obtained from sources believed to be reliable, however inaccurate data could adversely affect the effectiveness of the resulting investment implementation on a Fund’s performance. There can be no assurance that any particular model or investment strategy, including those devised by the Advisor, will be profitable for any Fund, and may result in a loss of principal.

 

Political and Social Risk . Unanticipated political or social developments may result in sudden and significant investment losses. Political and social developments that are anticipated but at odds with a Fund’s theme may result in sudden and significant investment losses. Recent global and country-level developments have increased uncertainty in the political spectrum in the United States, E.U. and E.U. Members. Disparities of wealth, decentralization of information, and ethnic, religious and racial disaffection, have also led to social unrest, violence and/or labor unrest in some countries. Acts of terrorism or issues relating to immigration have increased social unrest and political and social uncertainty in some countries.

 

Portfolio Turnover Risk. A high portfolio turnover rate (100% or more) has the potential to result in the realization and distribution to shareholders of higher capital gains, which may subject you to a higher tax liability. A high portfolio turnover rate also leads to higher transactions costs, which could negatively affect a Fund’s performance. Distributions to shareholders of short-term capital gains are taxed as ordinary income under federal tax laws.

 

Security Risk . Some geographic areas in which the Fund invests have experienced acts of terrorism and strained international relations due to territorial disputes, historical animosities, defense concerns and other security concerns. These situations may cause uncertainty in the political and economic markets of these geographic areas and may adversely affect their economies.

 

Seed Investor Risk. The Advisor expects to make payments to one or more investors that contribute seed capital to one or more Funds for so long as such capital remains invested in the Fund(s). Such payments will be made from the assets of the Advisor and will be based on revenues generated by the Advisor in providing services to one or more ETFs for which it serves as investment adviser. Seed investors may contribute all or a majority of the assets in a Fund. There is a risk that such seed investors may redeem their investments in the Fund. As with redemptions by other large shareholders, such redemptions could have a significant negative impact on a Funds.

 

Shares are not Individually Redeemable. Shares may be redeemed by the Funds only in “Creation Units” which are blocks of 25,000 Shares, which are expected to be worth in excess of $500 thousand each. The Funds may not redeem Shares in fractional Creation Units or on an individual Share basis. Only certain large institutions that enter into agreements with the Distributor are authorized to transact in Creation Units with the Funds. These entities are referred to as Authorized Participants. All other persons or entities transacting in Shares must do so in the Secondary Market.

 

Short Selling Risk . A Fund may engage in short sales which are designed to provide the Fund gains when the price of a particular security, basket of securities or indices declines. When a Fund shorts securities, it borrows that security which it then sells. The Fund closes out a short sale by purchasing the security that is has sold short and returning that security to the entity that lent the security. The Fund may also seek “short” exposure through the use of derivatives such as swap agreements or futures contracts, which may expose the Fund to certain risks such an increase in volatility or decrease in the liquidity of the securities of the underlying short position. If the Fund were to experience this volatility or decreased liquidity, the Fund’s return may be lower or the Fund’s ability to obtain desired exposure through the use of derivatives may be limited. If the securities underlying the short positions are thinly traded or have a limited market due to various factors, including regulatory action, the Fund may be unable to meet its investment objective due to lack of available securities or counterparties. If the securities underlying the

 

38  

 

 

short position rises in value, the losses for such short position may be unlimited, until such time as the short position is closed. Short selling also involves added costs of borrowing interest.

 

Small- and Medium-Sized Companies Risk. Investing in securities of small and medium capitalization companies may involve greater volatility than investing in larger and more established companies because small and medium capitalization companies can be subject to more abrupt or erratic share price changes than larger, more established companies. Small and medium capitalization companies may have limited product lines, markets or financial resources and their management may be dependent on a limited number of key individuals. Securities of those companies may have limited market liquidity and their prices may be more volatile.

 

U.S. Tax Risk . To qualify for the favorable U.S. federal income tax treatment accorded to regulated investment companies, each Fund must satisfy certain income, asset diversification, and distribution requirements. If, for any taxable year, a Fund does not qualify as a regulated investment company, all of its taxable income (including its net capital gain) for that year would be subject to tax at regular corporate rates without any deduction for distributions to its shareholders, and such distributions would be taxable to its shareholders as dividend income to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits.

 

One of the requirements for favorable tax treatment as a regulated investment company is that the Fund derive at least 90% of its gross income from certain qualifying income. The tax treatment of certain derivatives is unclear for this purpose. In Revenue Ruling 2006-1 (as modified by Revenue Ruling 2006-31), the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (the “ IRS ”) ruled that income derived from certain commodity-linked derivatives is not qualifying income. As such, the Fund’s ability to utilize commodity-linked derivatives as part of its investment portfolio generally is limited to a maximum of 10% of its gross income. From 2006 through July 2011, the IRS issued numerous private letter rulings (“ PLRs ”) treating as qualifying income (i) income from certain commodity-linked notes (as distinguished from commodity-linked derivatives) and (ii) income from a wholly-owned non-U.S. subsidiary, even if the subsidiary itself invests in commodity-linked derivatives. As a result of the Code’s restrictions on regulated investment companies with respect to investments in commodities, the Funds may seek to gain exposure to commodity markets by investing in wholly-owned subsidiaries. To the extent applicable, the Funds intend to treat income they derive from any such subsidiaries as qualifying income based on the analysis in the PLRs mentioned above. PLRs, however, cannot be used or cited as precedent, and may only be relied on by the taxpayer(s) to whom they are issued. The Funds have not themselves been issued any PLRs. Furthermore, potential investors should be aware that, in 2011, the IRS suspended the issuance of PLRs in this area pending review of its position on this matter. Thus, the tax treatment of a Fund’s investments in a wholly-owned subsidiary or commodity-linked instruments may be adversely affected by future legislation, Treasury Regulations and/or guidance issued by the IRS (which may be retroactive) that could affect whether income from such investments is “qualifying income.”

 

In addition, a Fund’s transactions in derivative instruments, including, but not limited to, options, futures contracts, hedging transactions, forward contracts and swap contracts, will be subject to special tax rules (which may include mark-to-market, constructive sale, wash sale and short sale rules), the effect of which may be to accelerate income to a Fund, defer losses to a Fund, cause adjustments in the holding periods of a Fund’s securities, convert long-term capital gains into short-term capital gains or convert short term capital losses into long-term capital losses. These rules could, therefore, affect the amount, timing and character of distributions to a Fund’s shareholders. A Fund’s use of such transactions may result in such Fund realizing more short-term capital gains and ordinary income, in each case subject to U.S. federal income tax at higher ordinary income tax rates, than it would if it did not engage in such transactions.

 

ADDITIONAL RISKS

 

Asset Class Risk. The securities in a Fund’s portfolio may underperform the returns of other securities or indexes that track other countries, groups of countries, regions, industries, groups of industries, markets, asset classes or sectors. Various types of securities or indexes tend to experience cycles of outperformance and underperformance in comparison to the general securities markets.

 

Borrowing Risk . Each Fund may borrow money from a bank as permitted by 1940 Act, or other governing statute, by the Rules thereunder, or by the SEC or other regulatory agency with authority over the Fund, but only for

 

39  

 

 

temporary or emergency purposes. Borrowing may exaggerate changes in the net asset value of Fund Shares and in the return on a Fund’s portfolio. Borrowing will cost a Fund interest expense and other fees. The costs of borrowing may reduce a Fund’s return. Borrowing may also cause a Fund to liquidate positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations.

 

Continuous Offering Risk . The method by which Creation Units are purchased and traded may raise certain issues under applicable securities laws. Because new Creation Units are issued and sold by each Fund on an ongoing basis, at any point a “distribution,” as such term is used in the Securities Act, may occur.

 

Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result in their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner which could render them statutory underwriters and subject them to the prospectus delivery and liability provisions of the Securities Act.

 

For example, a broker-dealer firm or its client may be deemed a statutory underwriter if it takes Creation Units after placing an order with the principal underwriter, breaks them down into individual Shares, and sells such Shares directly to customers, or if it chooses to couple the creation of a supply of new Shares with an active selling effort involving solicitation of secondary market demand for Shares. A determination of whether one is an underwriter for purposes of the Securities Act must take into account all the facts and circumstances pertaining to the activities of the broker-dealer or its client in the particular case, and the examples mentioned above should not be considered a complete description of all the activities that could lead to categorization as an underwriter.

 

Broker-dealer firms should also note that dealers who are not “underwriters” but are effecting transactions in Shares, whether or not participating in the distribution of Shares, are generally required to deliver a prospectus or summary prospectus. This is because the prospectus delivery exemption in Section 4(3) of the Securities Act is not available with respect to such transactions as a result of Section 24(d) of the 1940 Act.

 

Costs of Buying or Selling Fund Shares. Investors buying or selling Fund Shares in the Secondary Market will pay brokerage commissions or other charges imposed by brokers as determined by that broker. Brokerage commissions are often a fixed amount and may be a significant proportional cost for investors seeking to buy or sell relatively small amounts of Shares. In addition, secondary market investors will also incur the cost of the difference between the price that an investor is willing to pay for Shares (the “bid” price) and the price at which an investor is willing to sell Shares (the “ask” price). This difference in bid and ask prices is often referred to as the “spread” or “bid/ask spread.” The bid/ask spread varies over time for Shares based on trading volume and market liquidity. In addition, increased market volatility may cause increased bid/ask spreads.

 

Currency Risk. [ Republican Policies Fund, Democratic Policies Fund and U.S. Tax Reform Fund only ] See “Additional Description of the Principal Risks of the Funds—Currency Risk.”

 

Custody Risk . Custody risk refers to the risks inherent in the process of clearing and settling trades and the holding of securities by local banks, agents and depositories. Low trading volumes and volatile prices in less developed markets may make trades harder to complete and settle, and governments or trade groups may compel local agents to hold securities in designated depositories that may not be subject to independent evaluation. Local agents are held only to the standards of care of their local markets. In general, the less developed a country’s securities market is, the greater the likelihood of custody problems.

 

Foreign Investment Risk. [ Republican Policies Fund, Democratic Policies Fund and U.S. Tax Reform Fund only ] See “Additional Description of the Principal Risks of the Funds—Foreign Investment Risk.”

 

Growth Risk. Growth companies are those whose earnings growth potential appears to be greater than that of the market in general, and whose revenue growth is expected to continue for an extended period of time. Stocks of growth companies or “growth securities” have market values that may be more volatile than those of other types of investments. Growth companies typically do not pay a dividend, and dividends can help cushion stock prices in market downturns, and reduce potential losses. A Fund’s investments in stocks of growth companies may cause the share price of the Fund to be more volatile than the prices of funds that do not invest primarily in growth stocks. During periods when growth stocks are underperforming other types of stocks, such Fund may also underperform funds that favor other types of securities.

 

40  

 

 

Hedge Risk. [ Republican Policies Fund, Democratic Policies Fund and U.S. Tax Reform Fund only ] See “Additional Description of the Principal Risks of the Funds—Hedge Risk.”

 

Investment Liquidity Risk. Liquidity Risk exists when particular investments are difficult to purchase or sell. If a Fund invests in assets that are or become illiquid, it may reduce the returns of the Fund because it may be unable to sell these illiquid securities at an advantageous time or price. Additionally, the market for certain investments may become illiquid under adverse market or economic conditions independent of any specific adverse changes in the conditions of a particular issuer. In such cases, the Fund, due to limitations on investments in illiquid securities and/or the difficulty in purchasing and selling such investments, may be unable to achieve its desired level of exposure to a certain market or sector.

 

Operational Risk . The Fund is exposed to operational risks arising from a number of factors, including, but not limited to, human error, processing and communication errors, errors of the Fund’s service providers, counterparties or other third-parties, failed or inadequate processes and technology or systems failures. The Fund and the Advisor seek to reduce these operational risks through controls and procedures; however, these measures do not address every possible risk and may be inadequate to address these risks.

 

Portfolio Turnover Risk. A high portfolio turnover rate (100% or more) has the potential to result in the realization and distribution to shareholders of higher capital gains, which may subject you to a higher tax liability. A high portfolio turnover rate also leads to higher transactions costs, which could negatively affect a Fund’s performance. Distributions to shareholders of short-term capital gains are taxed as ordinary income under federal tax laws.

 

Securities Lending Risk . The Funds may lend their portfolio securities. Although a Fund will receive collateral in connection with all loans of its portfolio securities, the Fund would be exposed to a risk of loss should a borrower default on its obligation to return the borrowed securities (e.g., the loaned securities may have appreciated beyond the value of the collateral held by the Fund). In addition, such Fund will bear the risk of loss of any cash collateral that it invests.

 

Trading Issues. Trading in Shares on the Bats BZX may be halted due to market conditions or for reasons that, in the view of the Bats BZX, make trading in Shares inadvisable. In addition, trading in Shares on the Bats BZX is subject to trading halts caused by extraordinary market volatility pursuant to the Bats BZX “circuit breaker” rules. There can be no assurance that the requirements of the Bats BZX necessary to maintain the listing of a Fund will continue to be met or will remain unchanged.

 

Value Risk. To the extent a Fund invests in value stocks, the Fund may underperform funds that do not invest in value stocks during periods when value stocks underperform other types of stocks.

 

Please refer to the SAI for additional discussion of the risks of investing in Shares.

 

CONTINUOUS OFFERING

 

The method by which Creation Units are purchased and traded may raise certain issues under applicable securities laws. Because new Creation Units are issued and sold by the Funds on an ongoing basis, at any point a “distribution,” as such term is used in the Securities Act, may occur. Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result in their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner which could render them statutory underwriters and subject them to the prospectus delivery and liability provisions of the Securities Act. For example, a broker-dealer firm or its client may be deemed a statutory underwriter if it takes Creation Units after placing an order with the Distributor, breaks them down into individual Shares, and sells such Shares directly to customers, or if it chooses to couple the creation of a supply of new Shares with an active selling effort involving solicitation of Secondary Market demand for Shares. A determination of whether one is an underwriter for purposes of the Securities Act must take into account all the facts and circumstances pertaining to the activities of the broker-dealer or its client in the particular case, and the examples mentioned above should not be considered a complete description of all the activities that could lead to categorization as an underwriter.

 

41  

 

 

Broker-dealer firms should also note that dealers who are not “underwriters” but are effecting transactions in Shares, whether or not participating in the distribution of Shares, are generally required to deliver a prospectus. This is because the prospectus delivery exemption in Section 4(3) of the Securities Act is not available with respect to such transactions as a result of Section 24(d) of the 1940 Act. As a result, broker dealer-firms should note that dealers who are not underwriters but are participating in a distribution (as contrasted with ordinary Secondary Market transactions) and thus dealing with Shares that are part of an over-allotment within the meaning of Section 4(3)(a) of the Securities Act would be unable to take advantage of the prospectus delivery exemption provided by Section 4(3) of the Securities Act. Firms that incur a prospectus delivery obligation with respect to Shares of a Fund are reminded that under Rule 153 of the Securities Act, a prospectus delivery obligation under Section 5(b)(2) of the Securities Act owed to an exchange member in connection with a sale on the Bats BZX is satisfied by the fact that such Fund’s prospectus is available at the Bats BZX upon request. The prospectus delivery mechanism provided in Rule 153 is only available with respect to transactions on an exchange.

 

CREATION AND REDEMPTION OF CREATION UNITS

 

Each Fund issues and redeems Shares only in bundles of a specified number of Shares. These bundles are known as “Creation Units.” For each Fund, a Creation Unit is comprised of 25,000 Shares. The number of Shares in a Creation Unit will not change, except in the event of a share split, reverse split or similar revaluation. The Funds may not issue fractional Creation Units. To purchase or redeem a Creation Unit, you must be an Authorized Participant or you must do so through a broker, dealer, bank or other entity that is an Authorized Participant. An Authorized Participant is either (1) a “Participating Party,” i.e., a broker-dealer or other participant in the clearing process of the Continuous Net Settlement System of the NSCC (“ Clearing Process ”), or (2) a participant of DTC (a “ DTC Participant ”), and, in each case, must have executed an agreement with the Distributor with respect to creations and redemptions of Creation Units (a “ Participation Agreement ”). Because Creation Units are likely to cost over $500 thousand each, it is expected that only large institutional investors will purchase and redeem Shares directly from the Funds in the form of Creation Units.

 

In turn, it is expected that institutional investors who purchase Creation Units will break up their Creation Units and offer and sell individual Shares in the Secondary Market. Although it is anticipated that most creation and redemption transactions for each Fund will be made on a partially or wholly “in- kind” basis, from time to time they may be made on an all cash basis. In determining whether a particular Fund will sell or redeem Creation Units on an in kind basis or for cash (whether for a given day or a given order), the key considerations will be a) the ability of the Fund to receive or deliver the underlying holdings through transfer in the creation or redemption process and b) the benefit that would accrue to the Fund and its investors. Under certain circumstances, tax considerations may warrant in kind, rather than cash, redemptions.

 

Retail investors may acquire Shares in the Secondary Market (not from the Funds) through a broker or dealer. Shares are listed on the Bats BZX and are publicly traded. For information about acquiring Shares in the Secondary Market, please contact your broker or dealer. If you want to sell Shares in the Secondary Market, you must do so through your broker or dealer.

 

When you buy or sell Shares in the Secondary Market, your broker or dealer may charge you a commission, market premium or discount or other transaction charge, and you may pay some or all of the spread between the bid and the offered price for each purchase or sale transaction. Unless imposed by your broker or dealer, there is no minimum dollar amount you must invest and no minimum number of Shares you must buy in the Secondary Market. In addition, because transactions in the Secondary Market occur at market prices, you may pay more than NAV when you buy Shares and receive less than NAV when you sell those Shares.

 

The creation and redemption processes discussed above are summarized, and such summary only applies to shareholders who purchase or redeem Creation Units (that is, they do not relate to shareholders who purchase or sell Shares in the Secondary Market). Authorized Participants should refer to their Participant Agreements for the precise instructions that must be followed in order to create or redeem Creation Units.

  

42  

 

 

BUYING AND SELLING SHARES IN THE SECONDARY MARKET

   

Most investors will buy and sell Shares of each Fund in Secondary Market transactions through brokers. Shares of each Fund will be listed for trading on the Secondary Market on the Bats BZX. Shares can be bought and sold throughout the trading day like other publicly-traded shares. There is no minimum investment. Although Shares are generally purchased and sold in “round lots” of 100 Shares, brokerage firms typically permit investors to purchase or sell Shares in smaller “odd lots” at no per-Share price differential. When buying or selling Shares through a broker, you will incur customary brokerage commissions and charges, and you may pay some or all of the spread between the bid and the offered price in the Secondary Market on each leg of a round trip (purchase and sale) transaction.

 

Share prices are reported in dollars and cents per Share. For information about buying and selling Shares in the Secondary Market, please contact your broker or dealer.

 

Book Entry

 

Shares of each Fund are held in book-entry form and no stock certificates are issued. DTC, through its nominee Cede & Co., is the record owner of all outstanding Shares of the Fund and is recognized as the owner of all Shares for all purposes.

 

Investors owning Shares are beneficial owners as shown on the records of DTC or its participants. DTC serves as the securities depository for all Shares. Participants in DTC include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and other institutions that directly or indirectly maintain a custodial relationship with DTC. As a beneficial owner of Shares, you are not entitled to receive physical delivery of stock certificates or to have Shares registered in your name, and you are not considered a registered owner of Shares. Therefore, to exercise any right as an owner of Shares, you must rely upon the procedures of DTC and its participants.

 

These procedures are the same as those that apply to any securities that you hold in book-entry or “street name” form for any publicly-traded company. Specifically, in the case of a shareholder meeting of a Fund, DTC assigns applicable Cede & Co. voting rights to its participants that have Shares credited to their accounts on the record date, issues an omnibus proxy and forwards the omnibus proxy to the Fund. The omnibus proxy transfers the voting authority from Cede & Co. to the DTC participant. This gives the DTC participant through whom you own Shares (namely, your broker, dealer, bank, trust company or other nominee) authority to vote the shares, and, in turn, the DTC participant is obligated to follow the voting instructions you provide.

 

MANAGEMENT

 

The Board is responsible for the general supervision of the Funds. The Board appoints officers who are responsible for the day-to-day operations of the Funds.

 

Investment Advisor

 

Active Weighting Advisors LLC is the Funds’ Advisor and is located at 200 Vesey Street, 24 th Floor, New York, NY 10281. The Advisor was formed in 2016 and is registered as an investment adviser with the SEC, providing investment management services to ETFs.

 

The Advisor is responsible for the day-to-day management of the Funds in accordance with each Fund’s investment objectives and policies. The Advisor also furnishes the Funds with office space and certain administrative services and provides most of the personnel needed to fulfill the obligations of the investment advisory agreement.

 

The Advisor will serve as advisor to each Fund pursuant to an Investment Advisory Agreement (“ Advisory Agreement ”). The Advisory Agreement was approved by the Trustees of the Trust who are not interested persons of the Trust, as that term is defined in the 1940 Act (“ Independent Trustees ”) at an in-person meeting of the Board. The basis for the Trustees’ approval of the Advisory Agreement will be available in the Funds’ first annual or semi-annual report to shareholders.

 

43  

 

 

Under the Advisory Agreement, the Advisor agrees to pay all expenses of the Trust, except (i) brokerage expenses and other expenses (such as stamp taxes) connected with the execution of portfolio transactions or in connection with creation and redemption transactions; (ii) legal fees or expenses in connection with any arbitration, litigation or pending or threatened arbitration or litigation, including any settlements in connection therewith; (iii) compensation and expenses of the Independent Trustees; (iv) compensation and expenses of counsel to the Independent Trustees, (iv) compensation and expenses of the Trust’s chief compliance officer; (v) extraordinary expenses; (vi) distribution fees and expenses paid by the Trust under any distribution plan adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act; and (vii) the advisory fee payable to the Advisor hereunder.

 

As compensation for its services and its assumption of certain expenses, each Fund pays the Advisor a management fee equal to an annualized percentage of a Fund’s average daily net assets that is calculated daily and paid monthly, as follows:

 

Fund Name Management Fee
Republican Policies Fund 0.75%
Democratic Policies Fund 0.75%
U.S. Tax Reform Fund 0.85%
European Union Breakup Fund 0.85%

 

The Advisor may voluntarily waive any portion of its advisory fee from time to time, and may discontinue or modify any such voluntary limitations in the future at its discretion. The Advisor has entered into an Expense Limitation Agreement with respect to each Fund under which it has agreed, through October 31, 2018, to waive or reduce its fees and to assume other expenses of such Fund, if necessary, in an amount that limits ‘‘Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses’’ (exclusive of interest, taxes and governmental fees, brokerage fees, commissions, acquired fund fees, dividend payments on short sales, other expenditures which are capitalized in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, other extraordinary expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of a Fund’s business, and amounts, if any, payable pursuant to a plan adopted in accordance with Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940) to not more than 0.75% of the average daily net assets for the Republican Policies Fund and Democratic Policies Fund and 0.85% of the average daily net assets for the U.S. Tax Reform Fund and European Union Breakup Fund. The Expense Limitation Agreement may be extended by mutual agreement of the Advisor and a Fund. A Fund may terminate the Expense Limitation Agreement at any time. The Advisor may also terminate the Expense Limitation Agreement at the end of the then-current term upon not less than 90 days’ notice to the Fund as set forth in the Expense Limitation Agreement. The terms of the Expense Limitation Agreement may be revised upon renewal.

 

The Advisor expects to make payments to one or more investors that contribute seed capital to one or more Funds for so long as such capital remains invested in the Fund(s). Such payments will be made from the assets of the Advisor and will be based on revenues generated by the Advisor in providing services to one or more ETFs for which it serves as investment adviser. Seed investors may contribute all or a majority of the assets in a Fund. There is a risk that such seed investors may redeem their investments in the Fund. As with redemptions by other large shareholders, such redemptions could have a significant negative impact on a Funds.

 

As investment advisor, Active Weighting Advisors LLC provides investment management services to the Funds and may also provide management services to other funds or accounts, including additional publicly traded funds on the Bats BZX, using analysis, research, processes and systems similar to those used in the management of the Funds. As a result, securities selected for the Funds may also be appropriate for, and owned in, other accounts under the Advisor’s management.

 

Portfolio Management

 

The portfolio manager responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund is Benjamin Phillips, CFA, Chief Investment Officer of the Advisor. Mr. Phillips has served as portfolio manager of the Fund since commencement of operations in 2017. Mr. Phillips has no prior experience managing a portfolio of securities on behalf of an ETF. The SAI provides additional information about the portfolio manager’s compensation, other accounts managed and ownership of securities in the Funds.

 

44  

 

 

Material Conflicts of Interest .

 

Because the portfolio manager may manage multiple portfolios for multiple clients, the potential for conflicts of interest exists. The portfolio manager may manage portfolios having substantially the same investment style as the Funds. However, the portfolios managed by the portfolio manager may not have portfolio compositions identical to those of the Funds managed by the portfolio manager due, for example, to specific investment limitations or guidelines present in some portfolios or accounts, but not others. The portfolio manager may purchase securities for one portfolio and not another portfolio, and the performance of securities purchased for one portfolio may vary from the performance of securities purchased for other portfolios. The portfolio manager may place transactions on behalf of other accounts that are directly or indirectly contrary to investment decisions made on behalf of the Fund, or make investment decisions that are similar to those made for the Fund, both of which have the potential to adversely impact the Fund depending on market conditions. For example, the portfolio manager may purchase a security in one portfolio while appropriately selling that same security in another portfolio. In addition, some of these portfolios have fee structures that are or have the potential to be higher than the advisory fees paid by the Funds, which can cause potential conflicts in the allocation of investment opportunities between the Funds and the other accounts. However, the compensation structure for portfolio managers does not generally provide incentive to favor one account over another because that part of a manager’s bonus based on performance is not based on the performance of one account to the exclusion of others. There are many other factors considered in determining the portfolio managers’ bonus and there is no formula that is applied to weight the factors listed. In addition, current trading practices do not allow the Advisor to intentionally favor one portfolio over another as trades are executed as trade orders are received. Portfolio’s rebalancing dates also generally vary between fund families. Program trades created from the portfolio rebalance are executed at market on close.

 

OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS

 

Fund Administrator, Custodian, Transfer Agent and Securities Lending Agent

 

The Bank of New York Mellon (the “Administrator” or “Custodian”), 101 Barclay Street, New York, New York 10286, is the administrator, custodian, transfer agent, Fund accounting, and dividend disbursing agent for the Fund.

 

Distributor

 

Foreside Fund Services, LLC (the “ Distributor ”), Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME 04101, serves as the Distributor of Creation Units for the Funds on an agency basis. The Distributor does not maintain a Secondary Market in Shares.

 

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

Ernst & Young LLP, 5 Times Square, New York, NY 10036, serves as the independent registered public accounting firm for the Trust.

 

Legal Counsel

 

Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP, 250 West 55 th Street, New York, NY 10019, serves as counsel to the Trust and the Funds.

 

FREQUENT TRADING

 

The Board has not adopted policies and procedures with respect to frequent purchases and redemptions of Fund Shares by Fund shareholders (“market timing”). In determining not to adopt market timing policies and procedures, the Board noted that the Funds are expected to be attractive to active institutional and retail investors interested in buying and selling Fund Shares on a short-term basis. In addition, the Board considered that, unlike traditional mutual funds, a Fund’s Shares can only be purchased and redeemed directly from the Fund in Creation Units by Authorized Participants, and that the vast majority of trading in a Fund’s Shares occurs on the Secondary Market. Because Secondary Market trades do not involve a Fund directly, it is unlikely those trades would cause

 

45  

 

 

many of the harmful effects of market timing, including dilution, disruption of portfolio management, increases in a Fund’s trading costs and the realization of capital gains. With respect to trades directly with the Funds, to the extent effected in kind (namely, for securities), those trades do not cause any of the harmful effects that may result from frequent cash trades. To the extent trades are effected in whole or in part in cash, the Board noted that those trades could result in dilution to a Fund and increased transaction costs (a Fund may impose higher transaction fees to offset these increased costs), which could negatively impact the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. However, the Board noted that direct trading on a short-term basis by Authorized Participants is critical to ensuring that a Fund’s Shares trade at or close to NAV. Given this structure, the Board determined that it is not necessary to adopt market timing policies and procedures. Each Fund reserves the right to reject any purchase order at any time and reserves the right to impose restrictions on disruptive or excessive trading in Creation Units.

 

The Board has instructed the officers of the Trust to review reports of purchases and redemptions of Creation Units on a regular basis to determine if there is any unusual trading in the Funds. The officers of the Trust will report to the Board any such unusual trading in Creation Units that is disruptive to the Funds. In such event, the Board may reconsider its decision not to adopt market timing policies and procedures.

 

DISTRIBUTION AND SERVICE PLAN

 

The Board has adopted a Distribution and Service Plan pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act. In accordance with its Rule 12b-1 plan, each Fund is authorized to pay an amount up to 0.25% of its average daily net assets each year to finance activities primarily intended to result in the sale of Creation Units of each Fund or the provision of investor services. No Rule 12b-1 fees are currently paid (or will, for the first 12 months after the effective date of this Prospectus, be paid) by the Funds and there are no plans to impose these fees. However, in the event Rule 12b-1 fees are charged in the future, they will be paid out of the respective Fund’s assets, and over time these fees will increase the cost of your investment and they may cost you more than certain other types of sales charges.

 

The Advisor and its affiliates may, out of their own resources, pay amounts (“Payments”) to third parties for distribution or marketing services on behalf of the Funds. The making of these payments could create a conflict of interest for a financial intermediary receiving such payments. Because a financial intermediary may make decisions about what investment options it will make available or recommend, and what services to provide in connection with various products, based on payments it receives or is eligible to receive, including the Payments, such payments may create conflicts of interest between the financial intermediary and its clients. For example, Payments may result in a financial intermediary recommending a Fund over other investments. The Advisor may make Payments for such third parties to organize or participate in activities that are designed to make registered representatives, other professionals and individual investors more knowledgeable about ETFs, including ETFs advised by the Advisor, or for other activities, such as participation in marketing activities and presentations, educational training programs, conferences, the development of technology platforms and reporting systems. The Advisor also may make Payments to third parties to help defray costs typically covered by a trading commission, such as certain printing, publishing and mailing costs or materials relating to the marketing of services related to exchange-traded products (such as commission-free trading platforms) or exchange-traded products in general. As of the date of this Prospectus, the Advisor has not entered into arrangements whereby it would make Payments.

 

DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE (NAV)

 

The NAV of the Shares for a Fund is equal to the Fund’s total assets minus the Fund’s total liabilities divided by the total number of Shares outstanding. Interest and investment income on the Trust’s assets accrue daily and are included in the Fund’s total assets. Expenses and fees (including investment advisory, management, administration and distribution fees, if any) accrue daily and are included in the Fund’s total liabilities. The NAV that is published is rounded to the nearest cent; however, for purposes of determining the price of Creation Units, the NAV is calculated to five decimal places.

 

In calculating NAV, each Fund’s investments are valued using market quotations when available. When market quotations are not readily available, are deemed unreliable or do not reflect material events occurring between the close of local markets and the time of valuation, investments are valued using fair value pricing as determined in good faith by the Advisor under procedures established by and under the general supervision and responsibility of the Board. Investments that may be valued using fair value pricing include, but are not limited to: (1) securities that are not actively traded, including “restricted” securities and securities received in private placements for which there is no public market; (2) securities of an issuer that becomes bankrupt or enters into a

 

46  

 

 

restructuring; (3) securities whose trading has been halted or suspended; and (4) foreign securities traded on exchanges that close before a Fund’s NAV is calculated.

 

The frequency with which each Fund’s investments are valued using fair value pricing is primarily a function of the types of securities and other assets in which the respective Fund invests pursuant to its investment objective, strategies and limitations. If the Funds invest in other open-end management investment companies registered under the 1940 Act, they may rely on the net asset values of those companies to value the shares they hold of them. Those companies may also use fair value pricing under some circumstances.

 

Valuing the Funds’ investments using fair value pricing results in using prices for those investments that may differ from current market valuations. Accordingly, fair value pricing could result in a difference between the prices used to calculate NAV and the prices used to determine a Fund’s Indicative Intra-Day Value (“ IIV ”), which could result in the market prices for Shares deviating from NAV.

 

The NAV is calculated by the Administrator and Custodian and determined each Business Day as of the close of regular trading on the Bats BZX (ordinarily 4:00 p.m. New York time).

 

INDICATIVE INTRA-DAY VALUE

 

The approximate value of each Fund’s investments on a per-Share basis, the Indicative Intra-Day Value, or IIV, is disseminated by the Bats BZX every fifteen (15) seconds during hours of trading on the Bats BZX. The IIV should not be viewed as a “real-time” update of NAV because the IIV may not be calculated in the same manner as NAV, which is computed once per day.

 

An independent third party calculator calculates the IIV for each Fund during hours of trading on the Bats BZX by dividing the “Estimated Fund Value” as of the time of the calculation by the total number of outstanding Shares of that Fund. “Estimated Fund Value” is the sum of the estimated amount of cash held in a Fund’s portfolio, the estimated amount of accrued interest owed to the Fund and the estimated value of the securities held in the Fund’s portfolio, minus the estimated amount of the Fund’s liabilities. The IIV will be calculated based on the same portfolio holdings disclosed on the Trust’s website. The IIV price is based on quotes and closing prices from each security’s local market and may not reflect events that occur subsequent to the local market’s close. Quotes and closing prices from a security’s local market that are not denominated in U.S. Dollars are translated using spot foreign exchange rates quoted by Reuters. The third party calculation agent is not expected to fair value securities with stale pricing. The third party calculation agent will calculate the IIV price in accordance with the guidelines set forth above on a best efforts basis. Premiums and discounts between the IIV and the market price may occur. This should not be viewed as a “real-time” update of the NAV per Share of the Funds, which is calculated only once a day.

 

The Funds and the Advisor provide the independent third party calculator with information to calculate the IIV, but neither the Funds nor the Advisor are involved in the actual calculation of the IIV and are not responsible for the calculation or dissemination of the IIV. The Funds and the Advisor make no warranty as to the accuracy of the IIV.

 

PREMIUM/DISCOUNT INFORMATION

 

Information regarding the extent and frequency with which market prices of Shares have tracked the relevant Fund’s NAV for the most recently completed calendar year and the quarters since that year will be available without charge on the Funds’ website at www.eventshares.com.

 

DIVIDENDS, DISTRIBUTIONS AND TAXES

 

Net Investment Income and Capital Gains

 

As a Fund shareholder, you are entitled to your share of the Fund’s distributions of net investment income and net realized capital gains on its investments. The Funds pay out substantially all of their net earnings to their shareholders as “distributions.”

 

47  

 

 

Each Fund typically earns dividends from stocks, interest from debt securities and, if participating, securities lending income. These amounts, net of expenses and taxes (if applicable), are passed along to Fund shareholders as “income dividend distributions.” Each Fund realizes capital gains or losses whenever it sells securities. Net capital gains are distributed to shareholders as “capital gain distributions.”

 

Income dividend distributions, if any, for the Funds generally are distributed to shareholders annually, but may vary significantly from period to period. Net capital gains for all Funds are distributed at least annually. Dividends may be declared and paid more frequently or at any other times to comply with the distribution requirements of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code ”).

 

Distributions in cash may be reinvested automatically in additional whole Shares only if the broker through whom you purchased Shares makes such option available. Distributions which are reinvested nevertheless will be taxable to the same extent as if such distributions had not been reinvested.

 

Dividend Reinvestment Service

 

No reinvestment service is provided by the Trust. Broker-dealers may make available the DTC book-entry Dividend Reinvestment Service for use by Beneficial Owners of the Funds through DTC Participants for reinvestment of their dividend distributions. If this service is used, dividend distributions of both income and realized gains will be automatically reinvested in additional whole Shares of the Funds. Beneficial Owners should contact their broker to determine the availability and costs of the service and the details of participation therein. Brokers may require Beneficial Owners to adhere to specific procedures and timetables. Distributions which are reinvested nevertheless will be taxable to the same extent as if such distributions had not been reinvested.

 

U.S. Federal Income Taxes

 

The following is a summary of certain U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to an investment in Shares of a Fund. The summary is based on the Code, U.S. Treasury Department regulations promulgated thereunder, and judicial and administrative interpretations thereof, all as in effect on the date of this Prospectus and all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. In addition, this summary assumes that a Fund shareholder holds Shares as capital assets within the meaning of the Code and does not hold Shares in connection with a trade or business. This summary does not address all potential U.S. federal income tax considerations possibly applicable to an investment in Shares of a Fund, and does not address the consequences to Fund shareholders subject to special tax rules, including, but not limited to, partnerships and the partners therein, tax-exempt shareholders, regulated investment companies (“ RICs ”), real estate investment trusts, real estate mortgage investment conduits, those who hold Fund Shares through an IRA, 401(k) plan or other tax-advantaged account, and, except to the extent discussed below, “non-U.S. shareholders” (as defined below). This discussion does not discuss any aspect of U.S. state, local, estate, and gift, or non-U.S., tax law. Furthermore, this discussion is not intended or written to be legal or tax advice to any shareholder in a Fund or other person and is not intended or written to be used or relied on, and cannot be used or relied on, by any such person for the purpose of avoiding any U.S. federal tax penalties that may be imposed on such person. Prospective Fund shareholders are urged to consult their own tax advisors with respect to the specific U.S. federal, state and local, and non-U.S., tax consequences of investing in Shares, based on their particular circumstances.

 

The Funds have not requested and will not request an advance ruling from the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (the “ IRS ”) as to the U.S. federal income tax matters described below. The IRS could adopt positions contrary to those discussed below and such positions could be sustained. Prospective investors should consult their own tax advisors with regard to the U.S. federal tax consequences of the purchase, ownership or disposition of Shares, as well as the tax consequences arising under the laws of any state, locality, non-U.S. country or other taxing jurisdiction. The following information supplements, and should be read in conjunction with, the section in the SAI entitled “U.S. Federal Income Taxation.”

 

48  

 

 

Tax Treatment of a Fund

 

Each Fund intends to qualify and elect to be treated as a separate RIC under the Code. To qualify and remain eligible for the special tax treatment accorded to RICs, each Fund must meet certain annual income and quarterly asset diversification requirements and must distribute annually at least 90% of the sum of (i) its “investment company taxable income” (which includes dividends, interest and net short-term capital gains) and (ii) certain net tax-exempt income, if any.

 

As a RIC, a Fund generally will not be required to pay corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any ordinary income or capital gains that it distributes to its shareholders. If a Fund fails to qualify as a RIC for any year (subject to certain curative measures allowed by the Code), the Fund will be subject to regular corporate-level U.S. federal income tax in that year on all of its taxable income, regardless of whether the Fund makes any distributions to its shareholders. In addition, in such case, distributions will be taxable to a Fund’s shareholders generally as ordinary dividends to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits. The remainder of this discussion assumes that the Funds will qualify for the special tax treatment accorded to RICs.

 

A Fund will be subject to a 4% excise tax on certain undistributed income if the Fund does not distribute to its shareholders in each calendar year an amount at least equal to the sum of 98% of its ordinary income for the calendar year (taking into account certain deferrals and elections), 98.2% of its capital gain net income (adjusted for certain ordinary losses) for the twelve months ended October 31 of such year (or later if the Fund is permitted to elect and so elects), plus 100% of any undistributed amounts from prior years. For these purposes, a Fund will be treated as having distributed any amount on which it has been subject to U.S. corporate income tax for the taxable year ending within the calendar year. Each Fund intends to make distributions necessary to avoid this 4% excise tax, although there can be no assurance that it will be able to do so.

 

A Fund may be required to recognize taxable income in advance of receiving the related cash payment. For example, if a Fund invests in original issue discount obligations (such as zero coupon debt instruments or debt instruments with payment-in-kind interest), the Fund will be required to include in income each year a portion of the original issue discount that accrues over the term of the obligation, even if the related cash payment is not received by the Fund until a later year. Under the “wash sale” rules, a Fund may not be able to deduct currently a loss on a disposition of a portfolio security. As a result, a Fund may be required to make an annual income distribution greater than the total cash actually received during the year. Such distribution may be made from the existing cash assets of the Fund or cash generated from selling portfolio securities. The Fund may realize gains or losses from such sales, in which event its shareholders may receive a larger capital gain distribution than they would in the absence of such transactions.

 

Tax Treatment of Fund Shareholders

 

Taxation of U.S. Shareholders

 

The following is a summary of certain U.S. federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of Fund Shares applicable to “U.S. shareholders.” For purposes of this discussion, a “U.S. shareholder” is a beneficial owner of Fund Shares who, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is (i) an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States; (ii) a corporation (or an entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) created or organized in the United States or under the laws of the United States, or of any state thereof, or the District of Columbia; (iii) an estate, the income of which is includable in gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes regardless of its source; or (iv) a trust, if (1) a U.S. court is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of such trust and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust, or (2) the trust has a valid election in place to be treated as a U.S. person for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

Fund Distributions. In general, Fund distributions are subject to U.S. federal income tax when paid, regardless of whether they consist of cash or property, and regardless of whether they are re-invested in Shares. However, any Fund distribution declared in October, November or December of any calendar year and payable to shareholders of record on a specified date during such month will be deemed to have been received by each Fund shareholder on December 31 of such calendar year, provided such dividend is actually paid during January of the following calendar year.

 

49  

 

 

Distributions of a Fund’s net investment income (except, as discussed below, qualified dividend income) and net short-term capital gains are taxable as ordinary income to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits. To the extent designated as capital gain dividends by a Fund, distributions of a Fund’s net long-term capital gains in excess of net short-term capital losses (“net capital gain”) are taxable at long-term capital gain tax rates to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, regardless of a Fund shareholder’s holding period in the Fund’s Shares. Distributions of qualified dividend income are, to the extent of a Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, taxed to certain non-corporate Fund shareholders at the rates generally applicable to long-term capital gain, provided that the Fund shareholder meets certain holding period and other requirements with respect to the distributing Fund’s Shares and the distributing Fund meets certain holding period and other requirements with respect to its dividend-paying stocks. Substitute payments received on Fund Shares that are lent out will be ineligible for being reported as qualified dividend income.

 

Each Fund intends to distribute its net capital gain at least annually. However, by providing written notice to its shareholders no later than 60 days after its year-end, a Fund may elect to retain some or all of its net capital gain and designate the retained amount as a “deemed distribution.” In that event, the Fund pays U.S. federal income tax on the retained net capital gain, and each Fund shareholder recognizes a proportionate share of the Fund’s undistributed net capital gain. In addition, each Fund shareholder can claim a tax credit or refund for the shareholder’s proportionate share of the Fund’s U.S. federal income taxes paid on the undistributed net capital gain and increase the shareholder’s tax basis in the Shares by an amount equal to the shareholder’s proportionate share of the Fund’s undistributed net capital gain, reduced by the amount of the shareholder’s tax credit or refund.

 

Distributions in excess of a Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits will, as to each shareholder, be treated as a tax-free return of capital to the extent of the shareholder’s tax basis in its Shares of the Fund, and generally as capital gain thereafter.

 

In addition, high-income individuals (and certain trusts and estates) generally are subject to a 3.8% Medicare tax on “net investment income” in addition to otherwise applicable U.S. federal income tax. “Net investment income” generally will include dividends (including capital gain dividends) received from a Fund and net gains from the redemption or other disposition of Shares. Please consult your tax advisor regarding this tax.

 

Investors considering buying Shares just prior to a distribution should be aware that, although the price of the Shares purchased at such time may reflect the forthcoming distribution, such distribution nevertheless may be taxable (as opposed to a non-taxable return of capital).

 

Sale or Exchange of Shares. Any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale or exchange of Shares generally is treated as a long-term gain or loss if the Shares have been held for more than one year. Any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale or exchange of Shares held for one year or less generally is treated as a short-term gain or loss, except that any capital loss on the sale or exchange of Shares held for six months or less is treated as long-term capital loss to the extent that capital gain dividends were paid (or deemed to be paid) with respect to the Shares.

 

Creation Unit Issues and Redemptions. On an issue of Shares of a Fund as part of a Creation Unit where the creation is conducted in-kind, an Authorized Participant generally recognizes capital gain or loss equal to the difference between (i) the fair market value (at issue) of the issued Shares (plus any cash received by the Authorized Participant as part of the issue) and (ii) the Authorized Participant’s aggregate basis in the exchanged securities (plus any cash paid by the Authorized Participant as part of the issue). On a redemption of Shares as part of a Creation Unit where the redemption is conducted in-kind, an Authorized Participant generally recognizes capital gain or loss equal to the difference between (i) the fair market value (at redemption) of the securities received (plus any cash received by the Authorized Participant as part of the redemption) and (ii) the Authorized Participant’s basis in the redeemed Shares (plus any cash paid by the Authorized Participant as part of the redemption). However, the IRS may assert, under the “wash sale” rules or on the basis that there has been no significant change in the Authorized Participant’s economic position, that any loss on an issue or redemption of Creation Units cannot be deducted currently.

 

In general, any capital gain or loss recognized upon the issue or redemption of Shares (as components of a Creation Unit) is treated either as long-term capital gain or loss, if the deposited securities (in the case of an issue) or the Shares (in the case of a redemption) have been held for more than one year, or otherwise as short-term capital

 

50  

 

 

gain or loss. However, any capital loss on a redemption of Shares held for six months or less is treated as long-term capital loss to the extent that capital gain dividends were paid (or deemed to be paid) with respect to such Shares.

 

Taxation of Non-U.S. Shareholders

 

The following is a summary of certain U.S. federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of Fund Shares applicable to “non-U.S. shareholders.” For purposes of this discussion, a “non-U.S. shareholder” is a beneficial owner of Fund Shares that is not a U.S. shareholder (as defined above) and is not an entity or arrangement treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The following discussion addresses only selected, and not all, aspects of U.S. federal income taxation applicable to non-U.S. shareholders.

 

With respect to non-U.S. shareholders of a Fund, the Fund’s ordinary income dividends generally will be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax at a rate of 30% (or at a lower rate established under an applicable tax treaty), subject to certain exceptions for “interest-related dividends” and “short-term capital gain dividends” discussed below. A Fund will not pay any additional amounts to shareholders in respect of any amounts withheld. U.S. federal withholding tax generally will not apply to any gain realized by a non-U.S. shareholder in respect of a Fund’s net capital gain. Special rules (not discussed herein) apply with respect to dividends of a Fund that are attributable to gain from the sale or exchange of “U.S. real property interests.”

 

In general, all “interest-related dividends” and “short-term capital gain dividends” (each defined below) will not be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax, provided that the non-U.S. shareholder furnished the Fund with a completed IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E, as applicable, (or acceptable substitute documentation) establishing the non-U.S. shareholder’s non-U.S. status and the Fund does not have actual knowledge or reason to know that the non-U.S. shareholder would be subject to such withholding tax if the non-U.S. shareholder were to receive the related amounts directly rather than as dividends from the Fund. “Interest-related dividends” generally means dividends designated by a Fund as attributable to such Fund’s U.S.-source interest income, other than certain contingent interest and other than interest from obligations of a corporation or partnership in which such Fund is at least a 10% shareholder, reduced by expenses that are allocable to such income. “Short-term capital gain dividends” generally means dividends designated by a Fund as attributable to the excess of such Fund’s net short-term capital gain over its net long-term capital loss. Depending on its circumstances, a Fund may treat such dividends, in whole or in part, as ineligible for these exemptions from withholding.

 

In general, subject to certain exceptions, non-U.S. shareholders will not be subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax in respect of a sale or other disposition of Shares of a Fund.

 

To claim a credit or refund for any Fund-level taxes on any undistributed net capital gain (as discussed above) or any taxes collected through back-up withholding (discussed below), a non-U.S. shareholder must obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification number and file a U.S. federal income tax return even if the non-U.S. shareholder would not otherwise be required to do so.

 

Back-Up Withholding .

 

A Fund (or a financial intermediary such as a broker through which a shareholder holds Shares in a Fund) may be required to report certain information on a Fund shareholder to the IRS and withhold U.S. federal income tax (“ backup withholding ”) at a current rate of 28% from taxable distributions and redemption or sale proceeds payable to the Fund shareholder if (i) the Fund shareholder fails to provide the Fund with a correct taxpayer identification number or make required certifications, or if the IRS notifies the Fund that the Fund shareholder is otherwise subject to backup withholding, and (ii) the Fund shareholder is not otherwise exempt from backup withholding. Non-U.S. shareholders can qualify for exemption from backup withholding by submitting a properly completed IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E. Backup withholding is not an additional tax and any amount withheld may be credited against a Fund shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability.

 

Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act

 

The U.S. Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (“ FATCA ”) generally imposes a 30% withholding tax on “withholdable payments” (defined below) made to (i) a “foreign financial institution” (“ FFI ”), unless the FFI enters

 

51  

 

 

into an agreement with the IRS to provide information regarding certain of its direct and indirect U.S. account holders and satisfy certain due diligence and other specified requirements, and (ii) a “non-financial foreign entity” (“ NFFE ”) unless such NFFE provides certain information about its direct and indirect “substantial U.S. owners” to the withholding agent or certifies that it has no such U.S. owners. The beneficial owner of a “withholdable payment” may be eligible for a refund or credit of the withheld tax. The U.S. government also has entered into several intergovernmental agreements with other jurisdictions to provide an alternative, and generally easier, approach for FFIs to comply with FATCA.

 

“Withholdable payments” generally include, among other items, (i) U.S.-source interest and dividends, and (ii) gross proceeds from the sale or disposition, occurring on or after January 1, 2019, of property of a type that can produce U.S.-source interest or dividends.

 

A Fund may be required to impose a 30% withholding tax on withholdable payments to a shareholder if the shareholder fails to provide the Fund with the information, certifications or documentation required under FATCA, including information, certification or documentation necessary for the Fund to determine if the shareholder is a non-U.S. shareholder or a U.S. shareholder and, if it is a non-U.S. shareholder, if the non-U.S. shareholder has “substantial U.S. owners” and/or is in compliance with (or meets an exception from) FATCA requirements. A Fund will not pay any additional amounts to shareholders in respect of any amounts withheld. The Fund may disclose any shareholder information, certifications or documentation to the IRS or other parties as necessary to comply with FATCA.

 

The requirements of, and exceptions from, FATCA are complex. All prospective shareholders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the potential application of FATCA with respect to their own situation.

 

For a more detailed tax discussion regarding an investment in the Funds, please see the section of the SAI entitled “U.S. Federal Income Taxation.”

 

CODE OF ETHICS

 

The Trust, the Advisor, and Foreside Financial Group, LLC, on behalf of the Distributor and its affiliates, have adopted Codes of Ethics under Rule 17j-1 of the 1940 Act. These codes of ethics permit, subject to certain conditions, personnel of each of those entities to invest in securities that may be purchased or held by the Funds. They are designed to prevent affiliated persons of the Trust, the Advisor, and the Distributor from engaging in deceptive, manipulative or fraudulent activities in connection with securities held or to be acquired by the Funds (which may also be held by persons subject to a code). There can be no assurance that the codes will be effective in preventing such activities. The codes will be on file with the SEC and are available to the public.

 

FUND WEBSITE AND DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS

 

The Advisor maintains a website for the Funds at www.eventshares.com. The website for the Funds contains the following information, on a per-Share basis, for each Fund: (1) the prior Business Day’s NAV; (2) the reported mid-point of the bid-ask spread at the time of NAV calculation (the “ Bid-Ask Price ”); (3) a calculation of the premium or discount of the Bid-Ask Price against such NAV; and (4) data in chart format displaying the frequency distribution of discounts and premiums of the Bid-Ask Price against the NAV, within appropriate ranges, for each of the four previous calendar quarters (or for the life of a Fund if, shorter). In addition, on each Business Day, before the commencement of trading in Shares on the Bats BZX, each Fund will disclose on its website www.eventshares.com the identities and quantities of the portfolio securities and other assets held by each Fund that will form the basis for the calculation of NAV at the end of the Business Day.

 

A description of each Fund’s policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of the Fund’s portfolio securities is available in the SAI.

 

OTHER INFORMATION

 

For purposes of the 1940 Act, the Funds will be registered investment companies, and the acquisition of

 

52  

 

 

Shares by other registered investment companies and companies relying on exemption from registration as investment companies under Section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act is subject to the restrictions of Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act, except as may be permitted by an exemptive order granted by the SEC that permits registered investment companies to invest in the Funds beyond those limitations.

 

The Trust applied for exemptive relief under Section 12(d)(1)(J) of the 1940 Act permitting each Fund to operate as a “fund of funds” and invest in other investment companies without complying with the limitations set forth in Section 12(d)(1)(A) of the 1940 Act, which would be subject to certain terms and limitations that are contained in the SEC’s exemptive order.

 

Shareholder inquiries may be made by writing to the Trust, c/o Active Weighting Advisors LLC, 200 Vesey Street, 24 th Floor, New York, NY 10281.

 

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

 

The Funds have not yet commenced operations as of the date of this Prospectus and therefore do not have a financial history.

 

PRIVACY POLICY

 

Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust is committed to respecting the privacy of personal information you entrust to us in the course of doing business with us.

 

The Funds collect non-public information about you from the following sources:

 

Information we receive about you on applications or other forms;

Information you give us orally; and/or

Information about your transactions with us or others.

 

We do not disclose any non-public personal information about our customers or former customers without the customer’s authorization, except as permitted by law or in response to inquiries from governmental authorities. We may share information with affiliated and unaffiliated third parties with whom we have contracts for servicing the Funds. We will provide unaffiliated third parties with only the information necessary to carry out their assigned responsibilities. We maintain physical, electronic and procedural safeguards to guard your non-public personal information and require third parties to treat your personal information with the same high degree of confidentiality.

 

In the event that you hold Shares of the Funds through a financial intermediary, including, but not limited to, a broker-dealer, bank, or trust company, the privacy policy of your financial intermediary would govern how your non-public personal information would be shared by those entities with unaffiliated third parties.

 

53  

 

 

FREQUENTLY USED TERMS

 

Trust Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust, a registered open-end investment company
   
Funds The investment portfolios of the Trust
   
Shares Shares of the Funds offered to investors
   
Advisor Active Weighting Advisors LLC
   
Custodian The Bank of New York Mellon, the custodian of the Funds’ assets
   
Distributor Foreside Fund Services, LLC, the distributor to the Funds
   
AP or Authorized Participant Certain large institutional investors such as brokers, dealers, banks or other entities that have entered into authorized participant agreements with the Distributor
   
Exchange Bats BZX Exchange, the primary market on which Shares are listed for trading
   
IIV The Indicative Intra-Day Value, an appropriate per-Share value based on a Fund’s portfolio
   
1940 Act Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended
   
NAV Net asset value
   
SAI Statement of Additional Information
   
SEC Securities and Exchange Commission
   
Secondary Market A national securities exchange, national securities association or over-the-counter trading system where Shares may trade from time to time
   
Securities Act Securities Act of 1933, as amended

 

54  

 

 

Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust 

Mailing Address

 

c/o Active Weighting Advisors LLC 

200 Vesey Street, 24 th Floor 

New York, NY 10281 

Tel: 1-877-539-1510 

Website: www.eventshares.com

 

PROSPECTUS | [__], 2017

 

ACTIVE WEIGHTING FUNDS ETF TRUST

 

(GRAPHICS)  

 

55  

 

 

FOR MORE INFORMATION

 

If you would like more information about the Trust, the Funds and the Shares, the following documents are available free upon request:

 

Statement of Additional Information

 

The SAI provides additional details about the investments and techniques of the Funds and certain other additional information. A current SAI is on file with the SEC and is incorporated into this Prospectus by reference. This means that the SAI is legally considered a part of this Prospectus even though it is not physically within this Prospectus.

 

Annual and Semi-Annual Reports

 

The Funds’ Annual and Semi-Annual Reports (collectively, the “ Shareholder Reports ”) will provide the most recent financial reports and portfolio listings. The Annual Report will contain a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that affected the Funds’ performance during the Funds’ previous fiscal year.

 

The SAI and Shareholder Reports will be available free of charge on the Funds’ website at www.eventshares.com.

 

You can obtain a free copy of the SAI and Shareholder Reports, request other information, or make general inquiries about the Funds by calling the Funds (toll-free) at 1-877-539-1510 or by writing to:

 

Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust 

c/o Active Weighting Advisors LLC 

200 Vesey Street, 24 th Floor 

New York, NY 10281 

Tel: 1-877-539-1510 

Website: www.eventshares.com

 

You may review and copy information about the Funds, including the SAI and Shareholder Reports, at the Public Reference Room of the SEC in Washington, D.C. You can obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling (202) 551-8090. Reports and other information about the Funds are also available:

 

Free of charge from the SEC’s EDGAR database on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov;

For a fee, by writing to the Public Reference Section of the SEC, Washington, D.C. 20549-1520; or

For a fee, by electronic request at the following e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov

 

No person is authorized to give any information or to make any representations about the Funds and their Shares not contained in this Prospectus and you should not rely on any other information. Read and keep the Prospectus for future reference.

 

Dealers effecting transactions in the Funds’ Shares, whether or not participating in this distribution, may be generally required to deliver a Prospectus. This is in addition to any obligation dealers have to deliver a Prospectus when acting as underwriters.

 

The Trust’s Investment Company Act registration number is 811-23226.

 

56  

 

 

THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRELIMINARY STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION IS NOT COMPLETE AND MAY BE CHANGED. WE MAY NOT SELL THESE SECURITIES UNTIL THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION IS EFFECTIVE. THIS PRELIMINARY STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION IS NOT AN OFFER TO SELL THESE SECURITIES AND IS NOT SOLICITING AN OFFER TO BUY THESE SECURITIES IN ANY STATE WHERE THE OFFER OR SALE IS NOT PERMITTED.

 

Preliminary Statement of Additional Information

dated October 2, 2017

Subject to Completion

 

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

ACTIVE WEIGHTING FUNDS ETF TRUST

c/o Active Weighting Advisors LLC

200 Vesey Street, 24th Floor

New York, NY 10281

Tel: 1-877-539-1510

Website: www.eventshares.com

 

[__], 2017

 

This Statement of Additional Information (this “SAI” ) is not a prospectus. It should be read in conjunction with and is incorporated by reference into the prospectus dated [__], 2017 ( “Prospectus” ) for the Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust (“ Trust ”), relating to the funds (each, a “Fund” and, collectively, the “Funds” ) set forth in the table below, as it may be revised from time to time. A copy of the Prospectus for the Trust, relating to the Funds, may be obtained without charge by writing to the Trust, c/o Active Weighting Advisors LLC, 200 Vesey Street, 24th Floor, New York, NY 10281, by calling 1-877-539-1510, or by visiting the Trust’s website at www.eventshares.com.

 

Fund Name Exchange Ticker
Republican Policies Fund Bats BZX GOP
Democratic Policies Fund Bats BZX DEMS
U.S. Tax Reform Fund Bats BZX TAXR
European Union Breakup Fund Bats BZX EXIT

 

Capitalized terms used but not defined herein have the same meaning as in the Prospectus, unless otherwise noted. No person has been authorized to give any information or to make any representations other than those contained in this SAI and the Prospectus and, if given or made, such information or representations may not be relied upon as having been authorized by the Trust.

 

The SAI does not constitute an offer to sell securities.

 

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE TRUST AND THE FUNDS S-1
EXCHANGE LISTING AND TRADING S-2
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES S-2
INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RISKS S-4
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER S-30
MANAGEMENT S-31
PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES S-35
CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES S-36
MANAGEMENT SERVICES S-36
OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS S-37
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE S-39
DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS S-41
DISTRIBUTION AND SERVICE PLAN S-41
INDICATIVE INTRA-DAY VALUE S-42
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONCERNING SHARES S-42
PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION OF CREATION UNITS S-44
CONTINUOUS OFFERING S-52
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE S-52
DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS S-53
U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAXATION S-53
OTHER INFORMATION S-63
APPENDIX A S-65
APPENDIX B S-68

 

 

 

 

GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE TRUST AND THE FUNDS

 

The Trust was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on August 28, 2016 and designed to have multiple segregated series or portfolios. The Trust is an open-end management investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (“ 1940 Act ”). The Trust has not commenced operations and currently consists of four series of investment portfolios. This SAI addresses the following investment portfolios of the Trust, each of which is deemed to be diversified for the purposes of the 1940 Act:

 

Republican Policies Fund

Democratic Policies Fund

U.S. Tax Reform Fund

European Union Breakup Fund

 

(each, a “ Fund ” or, individually and, together, the “ Funds ”). The Trust has submitted to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“ SEC ”) an application for exemptive relief to permit its Funds to operate as exchange-traded funds (“ ETFs ”). Other investment portfolios may be added to the Trust in the future. The shares of the Funds are referred to herein as “ Fund Shares ” or “ Shares .” The offering of Shares is registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“ Securities Act ”).

 

The Funds’ investment adviser is Active Weighting Advisors LLC (“ Advisor ”). The Advisor is registered as an investment adviser with the SEC.

 

The Funds offer and issue Shares at net asset value (“ NAV ”) only in aggregations of a specified number of Shares (each, a “ Creation Unit ”), principally in exchange for a basket of “in kind” equity and debt securities specified by the Advisor (“ Deposit Securities ”), together with the deposit of a specified cash payment (“ Cash Component ”), although the Funds reserve the right to require that Creation Units be exchanged for an all cash amount. Creation Units are aggregations of 25,000 Shares of a Fund. In the event of the liquidation of a Fund, the Trust may lower the number of Shares in a Creation Unit. The Shares of each Fund trade or are expected to trade on the Bats BZX Exchange (“ Exchange ” or “ Bats BZX ”). Fund Shares will trade on the Exchange at market prices that may be below, at, or above NAV.

 

For creations of Fund Shares conducted on an in kind basis, Fund Shares may be issued in advance of receipt of Deposit Securities subject to various conditions, including a requirement to maintain on deposit with the Trust cash at least equal to 110% of the market value of the missing Deposit Securities. In all cases, such fees will be limited in accordance with the requirements of the SEC applicable to management investment companies offering redeemable securities.

 

Each Fund may charge creation/redemption transaction fees for each creation and redemption. In all cases, redemption transaction fees will be limited in accordance with the requirements of the SEC applicable to management investment companies offering redeemable securities (currently, no more than 2% of the value of the shares redeemed).

 

The Funds have not commenced operations as of the date of this SAI. Investments in the Funds are not:

 

Deposits or obligations of any bank;

 

Guaranteed or endorsed by any bank; or

 

Federally insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal Reserve Board or any other federal agency.

 

The Prospectus and SAI do not purport to create any contractual obligations between the Trust or a Fund and its shareholders. Further, shareholders are not intended third-party beneficiaries of any contracts entered into by (or on behalf of) a Fund, including contracts with the investment manager or other parties who provide services to the Fund.

 

S- 1  

 

 

EXCHANGE LISTING AND TRADING

 

There can be no assurance that the requirements of the Exchange necessary for each Fund to maintain the listing of its Shares will continue to be met. The Exchange will consider the suspension of trading and delisting of the Shares of a Fund from listing if (i) following the initial 12-month period beginning at the commencement of trading of a Fund, there are fewer than 50 beneficial owners of the Shares of the Fund for 30 or more consecutive trading days; or (ii) such other event shall occur or condition exist that, in the opinion of the Exchange, makes further trading on the Exchange inadvisable. The Exchange will remove the Shares of a Fund from listing and trading upon termination of such Fund.

 

The Funds’ continued listing on the Exchange or another stock exchange or market system is a condition of the exemptive relief the Funds [have obtained] from the SEC to operate as ETFs. Any Fund’s failure to be so listed would result in the termination of the Fund.

 

As in the case of other stocks traded on the Exchange, brokers’ commissions on transactions will be based on negotiated commission rates at customary levels.

 

The Trust reserves the right to adjust the price levels of the Shares in the future to maintain convenient trading ranges for investors. Any adjustments would be accomplished through stock splits or reverse stock splits, which would have no effect on the net assets of each Fund.

 

INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES

 

The investment objectives and principal investment strategies of each Fund are described in the Prospectus. Additional information concerning certain of each Fund’s investments, strategies and risks is set forth below.

 

Investment Objectives

 

Each Fund has distinct investment objectives and policies. There can be no assurance that a Fund’s objective will be achieved.

 

All investment objectives and investment policies not specifically designated as fundamental may be changed without shareholder approval. Additional information about the Funds, their policies, and the investment instruments they may hold, is provided below.

 

The Funds’ share prices will fluctuate with market, economic and, to the extent applicable, foreign exchange conditions. The Funds should not be relied upon as a complete investment program.

 

Investment Restrictions

 

The investment restrictions set forth below have been adopted by the Board of Trustees of the Trust (the “ Board ”) as fundamental policies that cannot be changed with respect to a Fund without the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund. The investment objective of each Fund and all other investment policies or practices of the Fund are considered by the Trust not to be fundamental and accordingly may be changed without shareholder approval. For purposes of the 1940 Act, a “majority of the outstanding voting securities” means the lesser of the vote of (i) 67% or more of the Shares of the Fund present at a meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding Shares of the Fund are present or represented by proxy, or (ii) more than 50% of the Shares of the Fund.

 

For purposes of the following limitations, any limitation which involves a maximum percentage shall not be considered violated unless an excess over the percentage occurs immediately after, and is caused by, an acquisition or encumbrance of securities or assets of, or borrowings by, a Fund. With respect to the Funds’ fundamental investment restriction 2, asset coverage of at least 300% (as defined in the 1940 Act), inclusive of any amounts borrowed, must be maintained at all times.

 

S- 2  

 

 

As a matter of fundamental policy, a Fund (except as to any specific Fund otherwise noted below) may not:

 

1. With respect to 75% of its total assets, invest more than 5% of its total assets in securities of a single issuer or hold more than 10% of the voting securities of such issuer. (This does not apply to investments in the securities of other investment companies or securities of the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities.)

 

2. Borrow money, except that (i) each Fund may borrow from banks for temporary or emergency (not leveraging) purposes, including the meeting of redemption requests which might otherwise require the untimely disposition of securities, and (ii) each Fund may, to the extent consistent with its investment policies, enter into repurchase agreements, reverse repurchase agreements, and similar investment strategies and techniques. To the extent that it engages in transactions described in (i) and (ii), each Fund will be limited so that no more than 33 1/3% of the value of its total assets (including the amount borrowed) is derived from such transactions. Any borrowings which come to exceed this amount will be reduced in accordance with applicable law.

 

3. Issue senior securities, as defined in the 1940 Act and the rules, regulations and orders thereunder, except as permitted under the 1940 Act and the rules, regulations and orders thereunder.

 

4. Engage in the business of underwriting securities, except to the extent that a Fund may be considered an underwriter within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933 in the disposition of portfolio securities.

 

5. Invest 25% or more of the market value of its total assets either directly or indirectly through underlying ETFs, in the equity securities of companies engaged in any one industry or industry group, as defined by the industry group-level Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS) classification codes developed by MSCI and Standard & Poor’s. This policy does not apply to investments in the securities of the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities.

 

6. Purchase or sell real estate, which term does not include securities of companies which deal in real estate and/or mortgages or investments secured by real estate, or interests therein, except that a Fund reserves freedom of action to hold and to sell real estate acquired as a result of a Fund’s ownership of securities.

 

7. Purchase or sell physical commodities or contracts relating to physical commodities, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act and other applicable laws, rules and regulations, as such may be interpreted or modified by regulatory authorities having jurisdiction, from time to time and as set forth in the Prospectus and SAI.

 

8. Make loans to others. This restriction does not apply to: (i) the purchase of debt obligations in which each Fund may invest consistent with its investment objectives and policies and (ii) loans of its portfolio securities, to the fullest extent permitted under the 1940 Act.

 

With respect to restriction 5 above, governing investments within industries and industry groups, the Fund will test for compliance on the date of initiation of a new Fund position with respect only to the exposure to the industry or industry group of such position. For the purpose of this test, initiation of a new Fund position will not include changes in the portfolio to accommodate the creation or redemption of shares by Authorized Participant activity.

 

Each Fund observes the following policies, which are not deemed fundamental and which may be changed without shareholder vote. Each Fund:

 

1. May not invest in any issuer for purposes of exercising control or management.

 

2. May not invest in securities of other investment companies, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules promulgated thereunder or pursuant to any applicable exemptive order granted by the SEC.

 

3. May not hold, in the aggregate, more than 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities. An illiquid asset is

 

S- 3  

 

 

any asset which may not be sold or disposed of in the ordinary course of business within seven days at approximately the value at which the Fund has valued the investment.

 

4. With respect to the U.S. Tax Reform Fund, will, under normal circumstances, invest at least 80 percent of its total assets in securities of issuers domiciled in the U.S.

 

5. With respect to the European Breakup Fund, will, under normal circumstances, invest at least 80 percent of its total assets in securities of issuers domiciled in the E.U.

 

Prior to any change in a Fund’s 80 percent investment policy, such Fund will provide shareholders with 60 days’ written notice.

 

If a percentage limitation is adhered to at the time of investment or contract, a later increase or decrease in percentage resulting from any change in value or total or net assets will not result in a violation of such restriction, except that the percentage limitations with respect to the borrowing of money and illiquid securities will be observed continuously. With respect to the limitation on borrowing, in the event that a subsequent change in net assets or other circumstances cause a Fund to exceed its limitation, the Fund will take steps to bring the aggregate amount of borrowing back within the limitations within three days thereafter (not including Sundays and holidays). With respect to the limitation on illiquid securities, in the event that a subsequent change in net assets or other circumstances cause a Fund to exceed its limitation, the Fund will take steps to bring the aggregate amount of illiquid instruments back within the limitations as soon as reasonably practicable.

 

The 1940 Act currently permits each Fund to loan up to 33 1/3 percent of its total assets. With respect to borrowing, the 1940 Act presently allows each Fund to: (1) borrow from any bank (including pledging, mortgaging or hypothecating assets) in an amount up to 33 1/3 percent of its total assets, (2) borrow money for temporary purposes in an amount not exceeding 5 percent of the value of the Fund’s total assets at the time of the loan, and (3) enter into reverse repurchase agreements. However, under normal circumstances any borrowings by a Fund will not exceed 10 percent of the Fund’s total assets. The 1940 Act generally prohibits funds from issuing senior securities, although it does not treat certain transactions as senior securities, such as certain borrowings, short sales, reverse repurchase agreements, firm commitment agreements and standby commitments, with appropriate earmarking or segregation of assets to cover such obligation. With respect to investments in commodities, the 1940 Act presently permits the Funds to invest in commodities in accordance with investment policies contained in its Prospectus and SAI. Any such investment shall also comply with the CEA and the rules and regulations thereunder.

 

INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RISKS

 

A discussion of the risks associated with an investment in each Fund is contained in the Funds’ Prospectus under the headings “Principal Risks,” “Description of the Principal Risks of the Funds” and “Additional Risks.” The discussion below supplements, and should be read in conjunction with, such sections of the Funds’ Prospectus.

 

General

 

Investment in each Fund should be made with an understanding that the value of the portfolio of securities held by such Fund may fluctuate in accordance with changes in the financial condition of the issuers of the portfolio securities, the value of common stocks generally and other factors.

 

Diversification

 

Each Fund is diversified under applicable federal securities laws. This means that as to 75% of its total assets (1) no more than 5% may be invested in the securities of a single issuer, and (2) it may not hold more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of a single issuer. However, the diversification of a Fund’s holdings is measured at the time the Fund purchases a security and if a Fund purchases a security and holds it for a period of time, the security may become a larger percentage of the Fund’s total assets due to movements in the financial markets. If the market affects several securities held by a Fund, the Fund may have a greater percentage of its assets invested in securities of fewer issuers. Accordingly, each Fund is subject to the risk that its performance may be hurt disproportionately by the poor performance of relatively few securities despite qualifying as a diversified fund.

 

S- 4  

 

 

Percentage Limitations

 

Whenever an investment policy or limitation states a maximum percentage of each Fund’s assets that may be invested in any security or other asset, or sets forth a policy regarding quality standards, such standard or percentage limitation will be determined immediately after and as a result of the Fund’s acquisition or sale of such security or other asset. Accordingly, except with respect to borrowing and illiquid securities, any subsequent change in values, net assets or other circumstances will not be considered in determining whether an investment complies with each Fund’s investment policies and limitations. In addition, if a bankruptcy or other extraordinary event occurs concerning a particular investment by a Fund, the Fund may receive stock, real estate or other investments that the Fund would not, or could not buy. If this happens a Fund would sell such investments as soon as practicable while trying to maximize the return to its shareholders.

 

Recent Regulatory Events

 

Legal, tax and regulatory changes could occur that may adversely affect the Funds and their ability to pursue their investment strategies and/or increase the costs of implementing such strategies. The U.S. Government, the Federal Reserve, the U.S. Department of the Treasury, the SEC, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and other governmental and regulatory bodies have recently taken or are considering taking actions in light of the recent financial crisis. These actions include, but are not limited to, the recent adoption by the SEC of a set of far-reaching rules under the 1940 Act, requiring that certain open-end management investment companies, including ETFs, develop and implement formalized and written liquidity risk management programs and related disclosures intended to address liquidity risks (“ Liquidity Rules ”). The Liquidity Rules will affect both the funds’ portfolio holdings as well as their operations. Given the broad scope, sweeping nature, and relatively recent enactment of some of these regulatory measures, the potential impact they could have on securities held by the Funds is unknown. There can be no assurance that these measures will not have an adverse effect on the value or marketability of securities held by the Funds. Furthermore, no assurance can be made that the U.S. Government or any U.S. regulatory body (or other authority or regulatory body) will not continue to take further legislative or regulatory action in response to the continuing economic turmoil or otherwise, and the effect of such actions, if taken, cannot be known.

 

Recent Economic Events

 

Although the U.S. economy has seen gradual improvement since 2008, the effects of the global financial crisis that began to unfold in 2007 continue to exist and economic growth has been slow and uneven. In addition, the negative impacts and continued uncertainty stemming from the sovereign debt crisis and economic difficulties in Europe and U.S. fiscal and political matters, including deficit reduction and U.S. debt ratings, have impacted and may continue to impact the global economic recovery. These events and possible continuing market turbulence may have an adverse effect on the Funds. In response to the global financial crisis, the U.S. and other governments and the Federal Reserve and certain foreign central banks took steps to support financial markets. However, risks to a robust resumption of growth persist: a weak consumer weighed down by too much debt and high levels of unemployment, the growing size of the federal budget deficit and national debt, and the threat of inflation. A number of countries in Europe have experienced severe economic and financial difficulties. Many non-governmental issuers, and even certain governments, have defaulted on, or been forced to restructure, their debts; many other issuers have faced difficulties obtaining credit or refinancing existing obligations; financial institutions have in many cases required government or central bank support, have needed to raise capital, and/or have been impaired in their ability to extend credit; and financial markets in Europe and elsewhere have experienced extreme volatility and declines in asset values and liquidity. There is continued concern about national-level support for the euro and the accompanying coordination of fiscal and wage policy among European Economic and Monetary Union (“ EMU ”) member countries. Member countries are required to maintain tight control over inflation, public debt, and budget deficit to qualify for membership in the European EMU. These requirements can severely limit European EMU member countries’ ability to implement monetary policy to address regional economic conditions. A return to unfavorable economic conditions could impair the Funds’ ability to execute their investment strategies.

 

S- 5  

 

 

Investment Types and Related Risks

 

Each Fund may invest in the following types of investments, each of which is subject to certain risks, as discussed below:

 

Equity Securities

 

Common stocks, preferred stocks, convertible securities, rights, warrants and American Depositary Receipts (“ ADRs ”) are examples of equity securities in which the Funds may invest. All investments in equity securities are subject to market risks that may cause their prices to fluctuate over time. Historically, the equity markets have moved in cycles and the value of the securities in a Fund’s portfolio may fluctuate substantially from day to day. Owning an equity security can also subject a Fund to the risk that the issuer may discontinue paying dividends.

 

Common Stocks . A common stock represents a proportionate share of the ownership of a company and its value is based on the success of the company’s business, any income paid to stockholders, the value of its assets, and general market conditions. In addition to the general risks set forth above, investments in common stocks are subject to the risk that in the event a company in which a Fund invests is liquidated, the holders of preferred stock and creditors of that company will be paid in full before any payments are made to the Fund as a holder of common stock. It is possible that all assets of that company will be exhausted before any payments are made to the Fund.

 

Preferred Stocks. Preferred stocks are equity securities that often pay dividends at a specific rate and have a preference over common stocks in dividend payments and liquidation of assets. A preferred stock has a blend of the characteristics of a bond and common stock. It can offer the higher yield of a bond and has priority over common stock in equity ownership, but does not have the seniority of a bond and, unlike common stock, its participation in the issuer’s growth may be limited. Although the dividend is set at a fixed annual rate, in some circumstances it can be changed or omitted by the issuer.

 

Convertible Securities . Each Fund may invest in convertible securities. Traditional convertible securities include corporate bonds, notes and preferred stocks that may be converted into or exchanged for common stock, and other securities that also provide an opportunity for equity participation. These securities are convertible either at a stated price or a stated rate (that is, for a specific number of shares of common stock or other security). As with other debt securities, the price of a convertible security generally varies inversely with interest rates. While providing a debt stream, a convertible security also affords the investor an opportunity, through its conversion feature, to participate in the capital appreciation of the common stock into which it is convertible. As the market price of the underlying common stock declines, convertible securities tend to trade increasingly on a yield basis and so may not experience market value declines to the same extent as the underlying common stock. When the market price of the underlying common stock increases, the price of a convertible security tends to rise as a reflection of higher yield or capital appreciation. In such situations, a Fund may have to pay more for a convertible security than the value of the underlying common stock.

 

Rights and Warrants . Each Fund may invest in rights and warrants. A right is a privilege granted to existing shareholders of a corporation to subscribe to shares of a new issue of common stock and it is issued at a predetermined price in proportion to the number of shares already owned. Rights normally have a short life, usually two to four weeks, are freely transferable and entitle the holder to buy the new common stock at a lower price than the current market. Warrants are options to purchase equity securities at a specific price for a specific period of time. They do not represent ownership of the securities, but only the right to buy them. Hence, warrants have no voting rights, pay no dividends and have no rights with respect to the assets of the corporation issuing them. The value of warrants is derived solely from capital appreciation of the underlying equity securities. Warrants differ from call options in that the underlying corporation issues warrants, whereas call options may be written by anyone.

 

An investment in rights and warrants may entail greater risks than certain other types of investments. Generally, rights and warrants do not carry the right to receive dividends or exercise voting rights with respect to the underlying securities, and they do not represent any rights in the assets of the issuer. In addition, although their value is influenced by the value of the underlying security, their value does not necessarily change with the value of the underlying securities, and they cease to have value if they are not exercised on or before their expiration date. Investing in rights and warrants increases the potential profit or loss to be realized from the investment as compared with investing the same amount in the underlying securities.

 

S- 6  

 

 

Foreign Investments

 

Each Fund may make investments in securities of non-U.S. issuers (“ foreign securities ”). Each Fund reserves the right to invest without limitation in Depositary Receipts, U.S. dollar-denominated securities, foreign securities and securities of companies incorporated outside the U.S.

 

Depositary Receipts . Depositary Receipts include ADRs, European Depositary Receipts (“ EDRs ”), Global Depositary Receipts (“ GDRs ”) or other forms of Depositary Receipts. Depositary Receipts are receipts typically issued in connection with a U.S. or foreign bank or trust company which evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by a non-U.S. company.

 

ADRs are depositary receipts for foreign securities denominated in U.S. dollars and traded on U.S. securities markets. These securities may not necessarily be denominated in the same currency as the securities for which they may be exchanged. These are certificates evidencing ownership of shares of a foreign-based issuer held in trust by a bank or similar financial institutions. Designed for use in U.S. securities markets, ADRs are alternatives to the purchase of the underlying securities in their national market and currencies. ADRs may be purchased through “sponsored” or “unsponsored” facilities. A sponsored facility is established jointly by the issuer of the underlying security and a depositary, whereas a depositary may establish an unsponsored facility without participation by the issuer of the depositary security. Holders of unsponsored depositary receipts generally bear all the costs of such facilities and the depositary of an unsponsored facility frequently is under no obligation to distribute shareholder communications received from the issuer of the deposited security or to pass through voting rights to the holders of such receipts of the deposited securities.

 

Risks of Investing in Foreign Securities.

 

Investments in foreign securities involve certain inherent risks, including the following:

 

Political and Economic Factors . Individual economies of certain countries may differ favorably or unfavorably from the United States’ economy in such respects as growth of gross national product, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency, diversification and balance of payments position. The internal politics of certain foreign countries may not be as stable as those of the United States. Governments in certain foreign countries also continue to participate to a significant degree, through ownership interest or regulation, in their respective economies. Action by these governments could include restrictions on foreign investment, nationalization, expropriation of goods or imposition of taxes, and could have a significant effect on market prices of securities and payment of interest. The economies of many foreign countries are heavily dependent upon international trade and are accordingly affected by the trade policies and economic conditions of their trading partners. Enactment by these trading partners of protectionist trade legislation could have a significant adverse effect upon the securities markets of such countries.

 

Legal and Regulatory Matters . Certain foreign countries may have less supervision of securities markets, brokers and issuers of securities, and less financial information available to issuers, than is available in the United States.

 

Currency Fluctuations . A change in the value of any foreign currency against the U.S. dollar will result in a corresponding change in the U.S. dollar value of an ADR’s underlying portfolio securities denominated in that currency. Such changes will affect a Fund to the extent that the Fund is invested in ADRs comprised of foreign securities.

 

Taxes . The interest and dividends payable to a Fund on certain of the Fund’s foreign securities may be subject to foreign taxes or withholding, thus reducing the net amount of income available for distribution to Fund shareholders. A Fund may not be eligible to pass through to its shareholders any tax credits or deductions with respect to such foreign taxes or withholding.

 

In considering whether to invest in the securities of a non-U.S. company, the Advisor considers such factors as the characteristics of the particular company, differences between economic trends and the performance of

 

S- 7  

 

 

securities markets within the U.S. and those within other countries, and also factors relating to the general economic, governmental and social conditions of the country or countries where the company is located. The extent to which a Fund will be invested in non-U.S. companies, foreign countries and depositary receipts will fluctuate from time to time within any limitations described in the Prospectus, depending on the Advisor’s assessment of prevailing market, economic and other conditions.

 

Emerging Markets. Each Fund may invest without limitation in foreign securities that may include securities of companies located in developing or emerging markets, which entail additional risks, including: less social, economic and political stability; smaller securities markets and lower trading volume, which may result in less liquidity and greater price volatility; national policies that may restrict an underlying fund’s investment opportunities, including restrictions on investments in issuers or industries, or expropriation or confiscation of assets or property; and less developed legal structures governing private or foreign investment. Additional risks of emerging markets securities may include: more substantial governmental involvement in the economy; less governmental supervision and regulation; unavailability of currency hedging techniques; companies that are newly organized and small; differences in auditing and financial reporting standards, which may result in unavailability of material information about issuers; and less developed legal systems. In addition, emerging securities markets may have different clearance and settlement procedures, which may be unable to keep pace with the volume of securities transactions or otherwise make it difficult to engage in such transactions. Settlement problems may cause the Funds to miss attractive investment opportunities, hold a portion of assets in cash pending investment, or be delayed in disposing of a portfolio security. Such a delay could result in possible liability to a purchaser of the security.

 

Small and Medium-Sized Companies

 

To the extent a Fund invests in the equity securities of small and medium-sized companies, it will be exposed to the risks of smaller sized companies. Small and medium-sized companies may have narrower markets for their goods and/or services and may have more limited managerial and financial resources than larger, more established companies. Furthermore, such companies may have limited product lines, services, markets, or financial resources or may be dependent on a small management group. In addition, because these stocks may not be well-known to the investing public, do not have significant institutional ownership or are typically followed by fewer security analysts, there will normally be less publicly available information concerning these securities compared to what is available for the securities of larger companies. Adverse publicity and investor perceptions, whether or not based on fundamental analysis, can decrease the value and liquidity of securities held by a Fund. As a result, their performance can be more volatile and they face greater risk of business failure, which could increase the volatility of a Fund’s portfolio.

 

Investment Companies

 

Each Fund may invest in shares of other registered investment companies, including other ETFs, money market mutual funds and other mutual funds in pursuit of its investment objective, in accordance with the limitations established under the 1940 Act. This may include investments in money market mutual funds in connection with a Fund’s management of daily cash positions. Investments in the securities of other investment companies may involve duplication of advisory fees and certain other expenses. By investing in another investment company, a Fund becomes a shareholder of that investment company. As a result, Fund shareholders indirectly will bear a Fund’s proportionate share of the fees and expenses paid by shareholders of the other investment company, in addition to the fees and expenses Fund shareholders directly bear in connection with a Fund’s own operations.

 

The Trust applied for exemptive relief with the SEC under Section 12(d)(1)(J) of the 1940 Act permitting each Fund to operate as a “fund of funds” and invest in other investment companies without complying with the limitations set forth in Section 12(d)(1)(A) of the 1940 Act, subject to certain terms and limitations that are contained in the SEC’s exemptive order.

 

Exchange-Traded Funds . ETFs are open-end investment companies whose shares are listed on a national securities exchange. An ETF is similar to a traditional mutual fund, but trades at different prices during the day on a security exchange like a stock. Similar to investments in other investment companies discussed above, a Fund’s investments in ETFs will involve duplication of advisory fees and other expenses since the Fund will be investing in another investment company. In addition, a Fund’s investment in ETFs is also subject to its limitations on

 

S- 8  

 

 

investments in investment companies, as well as any exemptions from such limitations granted by the SEC, discussed above. To the extent a Fund invests in ETFs which focus on a particular market segment or industry, the Fund will also be subject to the risks associated with investing in those sectors or industries. The shares of the ETFs in which each Fund will invest will be listed on a national securities exchange and a Fund will purchase or sell these shares on the secondary market at its current market price, which may be more or less than its NAV.

 

As a purchaser of ETF shares on the secondary market, each Fund will be subject to the market risk associated with owning any security whose value is based on market price. ETF shares historically have tended to trade at or near their NAV, but there is no guarantee that they will continue to do so. Unlike traditional mutual funds, shares of an ETF may be purchased and redeemed directly from the ETFs only in large blocks (typically 25,000 shares or more) and only through participating organizations that have entered into contractual agreements with the ETF. The Funds do not expect to enter into such agreements and therefore will not be able to purchase and redeem their ETF shares directly from the ETF.

 

Derivative Instruments

 

The Funds may use instruments called derivatives or derivative securities. A derivative is a financial instrument the value of which is derived from the value of one or more underlying securities, commodities, currencies, indices, debt instruments, other derivatives or any other agreed upon pricing index or arrangement (e.g., the movement over time of the Consumer Price Index or freight rates) (each an “ Underlying Instrument ”). Derivatives contracts are either physically settled, which means the parties trade the Underlying Instrument itself, or cash settled, which means the parties simply make cash payments based on the value of the Underlying Instrument (and do not actually deliver or receive the Underlying Instrument). Derivatives may allow a Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk to which the Fund is exposed more quickly and efficiently than transactions in other types of instruments.

 

Many derivative contracts are traded on securities or commodities exchanges, the contract terms are generally standard, and the parties make payments due under the contracts through the exchange. Most exchanges require the parties to post margin against their obligations under the contracts, and the performance of the parties’ obligations under such contracts is usually guaranteed by the exchange or a related clearing corporation. Other derivative contracts are traded over-the-counter (“ OTC ”) in transactions negotiated directly between the counterparties. OTC derivative contracts do not have standard terms, so they are generally less liquid and more difficult to value than exchange-traded contracts. OTC derivatives also expose a Fund to additional credit risks to the extent a counterparty defaults on a contract.

 

Depending on how a Fund uses derivatives and the relationships between the market values of the derivative and the Underlying Instrument, derivatives could increase or decrease a Fund’s exposure to the risks of the Underlying Instrument. Derivative contracts may also expose the Fund to additional liquidity and leverage risks.

 

The Funds may use derivatives for cash flow management or, as part of their overall investment strategies, to seek to replicate the performance of a particular index or to enhance returns. The use of derivatives to enhance returns is considered speculative because the Fund is primarily seeking to achieve gains rather than to offset, or hedge, the risks of other positions. When a Fund invests in a derivative for speculative purposes, the Fund is fully exposed to the risks of loss of that derivative, which may sometimes be greater than the cost of the derivative itself. No Fund may use any derivative to gain exposure to an asset or class of assets that it would be prohibited by its investment restrictions from purchasing directly.

 

Risks of Derivatives . While transactions in derivatives may reduce certain risks, these transactions themselves entail certain other risks. For example, unanticipated changes in interest rates, securities prices or currency exchange rates may result in a poorer overall performance of a Fund than if it had not entered into any derivatives transactions. Derivatives may magnify a Fund’s gains or losses, causing it to make or lose substantially more than it invested.

 

When used for hedging purposes, increases in the value of the securities a Fund holds or intends to acquire should offset any losses incurred with a derivative. Purchasing derivatives for purposes other than hedging could expose a Fund to greater risks. Recently, the SEC proposed a new rule under the 1940 Act to limit ETFs and other

 

S- 9  

 

 

funds’ use of derivatives and require them to put risk management measures in place. As drafted, the rule’s framework would impose new overall portfolio limits on the leverage that can be achieved through derivatives’ use. The proposed rule, if adopted, will affect both the funds’ portfolio holdings as well as their operations, and likely will require funds and their managers to modify their behavior with regard to certain assets and strategies. As the rule has not been adopted and may ultimately be abandoned, modified or expanded from the current proposal, the potential impact it could have on securities held by the Funds is unknown.

 

Derivatives are volatile and involve significant risks, including:

 

Correlation Risk – the risk that changes in the value of a derivative instrument will not match the changes in the value of the Fund holdings that are being hedged.

 

Counterparty Risk – the risk that the party on the other side of an OTC derivatives contract or a borrower of a Fund’s securities may be unable or unwilling to make timely principal, interest or settlement payments, or otherwise to honor its obligations.

 

Credit Risk – the risk that the issuer of a security will not be able to make timely principal and interest payments. Changes in an issuer’s credit rating or the market’s perception of an issuer’s creditworthiness may affect the value of a Fund’s investment in and/or exposure to that issuer. The degree of credit risk depends on both the financial condition of the issuer and the terms of the obligation.

 

Currency Risk – the risk that changes in the exchange rate between currencies will adversely affect the value (in U.S. dollar terms) of an investment.

 

Index Risk – in respect of index-linked derivatives, the risks associated with changes in the underlying indices. If an underlying index changes, a Fund may receive lower interest payments or experience a reduction in the value of the derivative to below what the Fund paid. Certain indexed securities, including inverse securities (which move in an opposite direction from the reference index), may create leverage to the extent that they increase or decrease in value at a rate that is a multiple of the changes in the applicable index.

 

Interest Rate Risk – the risk that the value of an investment may decrease when interest rates rise because when interest rates rise, the prices of bonds and fixed rate loans fall. Generally, the longer the maturity of a bond or fixed rate loan, the more sensitive it is to this risk (interest rate risk is commonly measured by a fixed income investment’s duration). Falling interest rates also create the potential for a decline in a Fund’s income.

 

Leverage Risk – the risk associated with certain types of investments or trading strategies (for example, borrowing money to increase the amount being invested) that relatively small market movements may result in large changes in the value of an investment. Certain investments or trading strategies that involve leverage can result in losses that substantially exceed the amount originally invested.

 

Liquidity Risk – the risk that certain securities may be difficult or impossible to sell at the time that the seller would like to sell them or at the price the seller believes the security is currently worth.

 

Tax Risk – The tax treatment of a derivative may not be as favorable as a direct investment in the underlying asset. The use of derivatives may adversely affect the timing, character and amount of income the Fund realizes from its investments, and could impair the ability of the Advisor to use derivatives when it wishes to do so.

 

Short Position Risk – A Fund may also take a short position in a derivative instrument, such as a future, forward or swap. A short position in a derivative instrument involves the risk of a theoretically unlimited increase in the value of the underlying instrument which could cause a Fund to suffer a (potentially unlimited) loss

 

S- 10  

 

 

The potential loss on derivative instruments may be substantial relative to the initial investment therein. A Fund incurs transaction costs in opening and closing positions in derivative instruments. There can be no assurance that the use of derivative instruments will be advantageous.

 

Derivative Management Risk. If the Advisor incorrectly predicts stock market and interest rate trends, a Fund may lose money by investing in derivatives. For example, if a Fund were to write a call option based on its Advisor’s expectation that the price of the underlying security would fall, but the price were to rise instead, a Fund could be required to sell the security upon exercise at a price below the current market price.

 

Hedging Risk. Each Fund may use derivative instruments to offset the risks, or to “hedge” the risks, associated with other Fund holdings. For example, derivatives may be used to hedge against movements in interest rates, currency exchange rates and the equity markets through the use of options, futures transactions and options on futures. Derivatives may also be used to hedge against duration risk in fixed-income investments. Losses on one Fund investment may be substantially reduced by gains on a derivative that reacts to the same market movements in an opposite manner. However, while hedging can reduce losses, it can also reduce or eliminate gains or cause losses if the market moves in a manner different from that anticipated by the Fund or if the cost of the derivative offsets the advantage of the hedge.

 

Among other risks, hedging involves correlation risk, which is the risk that changes in the value of the derivative will not match (i.e., will not offset) changes in the value of the holdings being hedged as expected by a Fund. In such a case, any losses on the Fund holdings being hedged may not be reduced or may even be increased as a result of the use of the derivative. The inability to close options and futures positions also could have an adverse impact on a Fund’s ability effectively to hedge its portfolio.

 

There can be no assurance that the use of hedging transactions will be effective. No Fund is required to engage in hedging transactions, and each Fund may choose not to do so. A decision as to whether, when and how to hedge involves the exercise of skill and judgment, and even a well-conceived hedge may be unsuccessful to some degree because of market behavior or unexpected interest rate trends.

 

The Funds might not employ any of the derivatives strategies described below, and there can be no assurance that any strategy used will succeed. A Fund’s success in employing derivatives strategies may depend on the portfolio managers correctly forecasting interest rates, market values or other economic factors, and there can be no assurance that the portfolio managers’ forecasts will be accurate. If the portfolio managers’ forecasts are not accurate, the Fund may end up in a worse position than if derivatives strategies had not been employed at all. A Fund’s ability to use certain derivative transactions may be limited by tax considerations and certain other legal considerations. Further, suitable derivative transactions might not be available at all times or in all circumstances. Described below are certain derivative instruments and trading strategies the Funds may use (either separately or in combination) in seeking to achieve their overall investment objectives.

 

Regulatory Aspects of Derivatives and Hedging Instruments . As a result of amendments to rules under the Commodity Exchange Act (“ CEA ”) by the CFTC, the Fund must either operate within certain guidelines and restrictions with respect to the Fund’s use of futures, options on such futures, commodity options and certain swaps, or be subject to registration with the CFTC as a “commodity pool operator” (“ CPO ”) with respect to the Fund and be required to operate the Fund in compliance with certain disclosure, reporting, and recordkeeping requirements.

 

Previously, the CFTC permitted unlimited futures transactions and options thereon, so long as a fund had claimed an exclusion from registration as a CPO, and swap contracts were not formerly regulated by the CFTC. Under the amended rules, the investment adviser of a registered investment company may claim an exemption from registration as a CPO only if the registered investment company that it advises uses futures contracts, options on such futures, commodity options and certain swaps solely for “bona fide hedging purposes,” or limits its use of such instruments for non-bona fide hedging purposes to certain de minimis amounts.

 

The Funds have filed a notice of eligibility claiming an exclusion from the definition of the term CPO and therefore such Funds are not subject to registration or regulation as a CPO under the CEA. Under such exclusion, the use of futures contracts, options on such futures, commodity options and certain swaps is limited to bona fide hedging purposes and, otherwise, to de minimis amounts provided under the CFTC rules. In the event that a Fund

 

S- 11  

 

 

not currently registered with or regulated by the CFTC engages in transactions that require registration as a CPO in the future, the Fund will comply with applicable regulations. If the Fund operates subject to CFTC regulation, it may incur additional expenses.

 

Equity Options

 

Each Fund may purchase a call on securities to effect a “closing purchase transaction,” which is the purchase of a call covering the same underlying security and having the same exercise price and expiration date as a call previously written by a Fund on which it wishes to terminate its obligation. If a Fund is unable to effect a closing purchase transaction, it will not be able to sell the underlying security until the call previously written by the Fund expires (or until the call is exercised and the Fund delivers the underlying security).

 

Each Fund may also purchase put options (“ puts ”). When a Fund purchases a put, it pays a premium in return for the right to sell the underlying security at the exercise price at any time during the option period. If any put is not exercised or sold, it will become worthless on its expiration date.

 

Purchasing Put and Call Options . When a Fund purchases a put option, it buys the right to sell the instrument underlying the option at a fixed strike price. In return for this right, a Fund pays the current market price for the option (known as the “ option premium ”). A Fund may purchase put options to offset or hedge against a decline in the market value of its securities (“ protective puts ”) or to benefit from a decline in the price of securities that it does not own. A Fund would ordinarily realize a gain if, during the option period, the value of the underlying securities decreased below the exercise price sufficiently to cover the premium and transaction costs. However, if the price of the underlying instrument does not fall enough to offset the cost of purchasing the option, a put buyer would lose the premium and related transaction costs.

 

Call options are similar to put options, except that a Fund obtains the right to purchase, rather than sell, the underlying instrument at the option’s strike price. A Fund would normally purchase call options in anticipation of an increase in the market value of securities it owns or wants to buy. A Fund would ordinarily realize a gain if, during the option period, the value of the underlying instrument exceeded the exercise price plus the premium paid and related transaction costs. Otherwise, a Fund would realize either no gain or a loss on the purchase of the call option.

 

The purchaser of an option may terminate its position by:

 

Allowing it to expire and losing its entire premium;

Exercising the option and either selling (in the case of a put option) or buying (in the case of a call option) the underlying instrument at the strike price; or

Closing it out in the secondary market at its current price.

 

Options on Securities Indices . Options on securities indices are similar to options on securities, except that the exercise of securities index options requires cash settlement payments and does not involve the actual purchase or sale of securities. In addition, securities index options are designed to reflect price fluctuations in a group of securities or segment of the securities market, rather than price fluctuations in a single security.

 

Options on Futures. An option on a futures contract provides the holder with the right to buy a futures contract (in the case of a call option) or sell a futures contract (in the case of a put option) at a fixed time and price. Upon exercise of the option by the holder, the contract market clearing house establishes a corresponding short position for the writer of the option (in the case of a call option) or a corresponding long position (in the case of a put option). If the option is exercised, the parties will be subject to the futures contracts. In addition, the writer of an option on a futures contract is subject to initial and variation margin requirements on the option position. Options on futures contracts are traded on the same contract market as the underlying futures contract.

 

The buyer or seller of an option on a futures contract may terminate the option early by purchasing or selling an option of the same series ( i.e. , the same exercise price and expiration date) as the option previously purchased or sold. The difference between the premiums paid and received represents the trader’s profit or loss on the transaction.

 

S- 12  

 

 

A Fund may purchase put and call options on futures contracts instead of selling or buying futures contracts. A Fund may buy a put option on a futures contract for the same reason it would sell a futures contract. It also may purchase such put options in order to hedge a long position in the underlying futures contract. Each Fund may buy call options on futures contracts for the same purpose as the actual purchase of the futures contracts, such as in anticipation of favorable market conditions.

 

Caps and Floors. Each Fund may enter cap and floor agreements. Caps and floors have an effect similar to buying options. In a typical cap or floor agreement, one party agrees to make payments only under specified circumstances, usually in return for payment of a fee by the other party. For example, the buyer of an interest rate cap obtains the right to receive payments to the extent that a specified interest rate exceeds an agreed-upon level. The seller of an interest rate floor is obligated to make payments to the extent that a specified interest rate falls below an agreed-upon level. An interest rate collar combines elements of buying a cap and selling a floor.

 

Futures Contracts and Options on Futures Contracts

 

A futures contract, which is a type of derivative, is a standardized, exchange-traded contract that obligates the purchaser to take delivery, and the seller to make delivery, of a specified quantity of an Underlying Instrument at a specified price and specified future time. The Funds are generally permitted to invest in futures contracts and options on futures contracts with respect to, but not limited to, equity and debt securities and foreign currencies, aggregates of equity and debt securities (aggregates are composites of equity or debt securities that are not tied to a commonly known index), interest rates, indices, commodities and other financial instruments.

 

No price is paid upon entering into a futures contract. Rather, when a Fund purchases or sells a futures contract it is required to post margin (“ initial margin ”) with the futures commission merchant (“ FCM ”) executing the transaction. The margin required for a futures contract is usually less than ten percent of the contract value, but it is set by the exchange on which the contract is traded and may by modified during the term of the contract. Subsequent payments, known as “variation margin,” to and from the FCM, will then be made daily as the currency, financial instrument or securities index underlying the futures contract fluctuates (a process known as “ marking to market ”). If a Fund has insufficient cash available to meet daily variation margin requirements, it might need to sell securities at a time when such sales are disadvantageous. Futures involve substantial leverage risk.

 

An option on a futures contract (“ futures option ”) gives the option holder the right (but not the obligation) to buy or sell its position in the underlying futures contract at a specified price on or before a specified expiration date. As with a futures contract itself, a Fund is required to deposit and maintain margin with respect to futures options it writes. Such margin deposits will vary depending on the nature of the underlying futures contract (and the related initial margin requirements), the current market value of the option and other futures positions held by the Fund.

 

The sale of a futures contract limits a Fund’s risk of loss, prior to the futures contract’s expiration date, from a decline in the market value of portfolio holdings correlated with the futures contract. In the event the market values of the portfolio holdings correlated with the futures contract increase rather than decrease, however, a Fund will realize a loss on the futures position and a lower return on the portfolio than would have been realized without the purchase of the futures contract.

 

Positions taken in the futures markets are usually not held to maturity but instead liquidated through offsetting transactions that may result in a profit or loss. While the Fund’s futures contracts will usually be liquidated in this manner, a Fund may instead make or take delivery of the Underlying Instrument whenever it appears economically advantageous to do so.

 

A Fund is permitted to enter into a variety of futures contracts, including interest rate futures, index futures, currency futures and commodity futures, and options on such futures contracts. A Fund may also invest in instruments that have characteristics similar to futures contracts, such as debt securities with interest or principal payments determined by reference to the value of a security, an index of securities or a commodity or currency at a future point in time. The risks of such investments reflect the risks of investing in futures and derivatives generally, including volatility and illiquidity.

 

S- 13  

 

 

Risks Associated with Futures and Futures Options . The primary risks associated with the use of futures contracts and options are: (a) imperfect correlation between the change in market value of instruments held by a Fund and the price of the futures contract or option; (b) the possible lack of an active market for a futures contract or option, or the lack of a liquid secondary market for a futures option, and the resulting inability to close the futures contract or option when desired; (c) losses, which are potentially unlimited, caused by unanticipated market movements; (d) the Advisor’s failure to predict correctly the direction of securities prices, interest rates, currency exchange rates and other economic factors; and (e) the possibility that the counterparty will default in the performance in its obligations. Futures contracts and futures options also involve brokerage costs, require margin deposits and, in the case of contracts and options obligating a Fund to purchase securities or currencies, require the Fund to segregate assets to cover such contracts and options. Moreover, futures are inherently volatile, and a Fund’s ability to engage in futures transactions may be limited by tax considerations and other legal considerations.

 

U.S. futures exchanges and some foreign exchanges limit the amount of fluctuation in futures contract prices which may occur in a single business day (generally referred to as “ daily price fluctuation limits ”). The maximum or minimum price of a contract as a result of these limits is referred to as a “ limit price .” If the limit price has been reached in a particular contract, no trades may be made beyond the limit price. Limit prices have the effect of precluding trading in a particular contract or forcing the liquidation of contracts at disadvantageous times or prices.

 

Additional Considerations of Commodity Futures Contracts . In addition to the risks described above, there are several additional risks associated with transactions in commodity futures contracts. In particular, the costs to store underlying physical commodities are reflected in the price of a commodity futures contract. To the extent that storage costs for an underlying commodity change while a Fund is invested in futures contracts on that commodity, the value of the futures contract may change proportionately. Further, the commodities that underlie commodity futures contracts may be subject to additional economic and non-economic variables, such as drought, floods, weather, livestock disease, embargoes, tariffs and international economic, political and regulatory developments and may be subject to broad price fluctuations.

 

Other Considerations Related to Options and Futures Options . Each Fund will engage in transactions in futures contracts and related options only to the extent such transactions are consistent with the requirements of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, (the “ Code ”) for maintaining qualification as a regulated investment company for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

Swap Agreements and Swaptions

 

A swap agreement, or a swap, is a type of derivative instrument. Swap agreements are entered into for periods ranging from a few weeks to more than one year. In a standard swap, two parties exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on an Underlying Instrument. The gross returns to be exchanged (or “ swapped ”) between the parties are calculated with respect to a “notional amount,” which is a predetermined dollar principal that represents the hypothetical underlying quantity upon which the parties’ payment obligations are computed. The notional amount may be, among other things, a specific dollar amount invested, for example, at a particular interest rate, in a particular foreign currency or in a “basket” of securities or commodities that represents a particular index. The notional amount itself normally is not exchanged between the parties, but rather it serves as a reference amount from which to calculate the parties’ obligations under the swap.

 

A Fund will usually enter into swap agreements on a “net basis,” which means that the two payment streams are netted out with each party receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the payments. A Fund’s obligations under a swap agreement are generally accrued daily (offset against any amounts owing to the Fund), and accrued but unpaid net amounts owed to a counterparty are covered by segregating liquid assets, marked to market daily, to avoid leveraging the Fund’s portfolio. If a Fund enters into a swap on other than a net basis, the Fund will segregate the full amount of its obligations under such swap. A Fund may enter into swaps, caps, collars, floors and related instruments with member banks of the Federal Reserve System, members of the New York Stock Exchange or other entities determined by the Advisor to be creditworthy. If a default occurs by the other party to such transaction, a Fund will have contractual remedies under the transaction documents, but such remedies may be subject to bankruptcy and insolvency laws that could affect the Fund’s rights as a creditor.

 

S- 14  

 

 

A Fund may engage in a wide variety of swap transactions, including, but not limited to, credit- and event-linked swaps, interest rate swaps, swaps on specific securities or indices, swaps on rates (such as mortgage prepayment rates) and other types of swaps, such as caps, collars, and floors. In addition, to the extent a Fund is permitted to invest in foreign currency-denominated securities, it may invest in currency swaps. A Fund may also enter into options on swap agreements (“ swaptions ”). Depending on how they are used, swap agreements may increase or decrease the overall volatility of a Fund’s investments and its share price and yield. The sections below describe certain swap arrangements and related techniques that the Funds may use.

 

Interest Rate Swaps, Caps, Floors and Collars . An interest rate swap is an OTC contract in which the parties exchange interest rate exposures (e.g., exchange floating rate payments for fixed rate payments or vice versa). For example, a $10 million LIBOR swap requires one party to pay the equivalent of the London Interbank Offered Rate of Interest (which fluctuates) on the $10 million principal amount in exchange for the right to receive from the other party the equivalent of a stated fixed rate of interest on the $10 million principal amount.

 

Among other techniques, a Fund may use interest rate swaps to hedge interest rate and duration risk on fixed-income securities or portfolios, which can be particularly sensitive to interest rate changes. Duration measures the sensitivity in prices of fixed-income securities to changes in interest rates; the duration of a portfolio or basket of bonds is the weighted average of the individual component durations. Longer maturity bonds typically have a longer duration than shorter maturity bonds and, therefore, higher sensitivity to interest rate changes. In an environment where interest rates are expected to rise, a Fund may use interest rate swaps to hedge interest rate and duration risk across a portfolio at particular duration points (such as two-, five- and 10-year duration points).

 

A Fund may also purchase or sell interest rate caps or floors. In a typical interest rate cap, the buyer receives payments from the seller to the extent that a specified interest rate exceeds a predetermined level. In a typical interest rate floor, the buyer receives payments from the seller to the extent that a specified interest rate falls below a predetermined level. An interest rate collar combines elements of purchasing a cap and selling a floor and is usually employed to preserve a certain return within a predetermined range of values.

 

Commodity Swaps . A commodity swap agreement is a contract in which one party agrees to make periodic payments to another party based on the change in market value of a commodity-based Underlying Instrument (such as a specific commodity or commodity index) in return for periodic payments based on a fixed or variable interest rate or the total return from another commodity-based Underlying Instrument. In a total return commodity swap, a Fund receives the price appreciation of a commodity index, a portion of a commodity index or a single commodity in exchange for paying an agreed-upon fee. As with other types of swap agreements, if the commodity swap lasts for a finite period of time, the swap may be structured such that the Fund pays a single fixed fee established at the outset of the swap. However, if the term of the commodity swap is ongoing, with interim swap payments, the Fund may pay a variable or “floating” fee. Such a variable fee may be pegged to a base rate, such as LIBOR, and is adjusted at specific intervals. As such, if interest rates increase over the term of the swap contract, the Fund may be required to pay a higher fee at each swap reset date.

 

Currency Swaps . A currency swap agreement is a contract in which two parties exchange one currency (e.g., U.S. dollars) for another currency (e.g., Japanese yen) on a specified schedule. The currency exchange obligations under currency swaps could be either interest payments calculated on the notional amount or payments of the entire notional amount (or a combination of both). The Funds may engage in currency swap agreements as a tool to protect against uncertainty and fluctuations in foreign exchange rates in the purchase and sale of securities. However, the use of currency swap agreements does not eliminate, or even always mitigate, potential losses arising from fluctuations in exchange rates. In the case of currency swaps that involve the delivery of the entire notional amount of currency in exchange for another currency, the entire notional principal of the currency swap is subject to the risk that the counterparty will default on its contractual delivery obligations.

 

Credit Default Swaps . A credit default swap (“ CDS ”) is an agreement between two parties whereby one party (the “ protection buyer ”) makes an up-front payment or a stream of periodic payments over the term of the CDS to the other party (the “ protection seller ”), provided generally that no event of default or other credit-related event (a “ credit event ”) with respect to an Underlying Instrument occurs. In return, the protection seller agrees to make a payment to the protection buyer if a credit event does occur with respect to the Underlying Instrument. The CDS market allows a Fund to manage credit risk through buying and selling credit protection on a specific issuer,

 

S- 15  

 

 

asset or basket of assets. Credit default swaps typically last between six months and three years, provided that no credit event occurs. Credit default swaps may be physically settled or cash settled.

 

A Fund may be either the protection buyer or the protection seller in a CDS. A Fund generally will not buy protection on issuers that are not currently held by the Fund. However, a Fund may engage in credit default swap trades on single names, indices and baskets to manage asset class exposure and to capitalize on spread differentials in instances where there is not complete overlap between the Fund’s holdings or exposures and the reference entities in the credit default swap. If the Fund is the protection buyer and no credit event occurs, the Fund loses its entire investment in the CDS (i.e., an amount equal to the aggregate amount of payments made by the Fund to the protection seller over the term of the CDS). However, if a credit event does occur, the Fund (as protection buyer), will deliver the Underlying Instrument to the protection seller and is entitled to a payment from the protection seller equal to the full notional value of the Underlying Instrument, even though the Underlying Instrument at that time may have little or no value. If the Fund is the protection seller and no credit event occurs, the Fund receives a fixed income throughout the term of the CDS (or an up-front payment at the beginning of the term of the CDS) in the form of payments from the protection buyer. However, if the Fund is the protection seller and a credit event occurs, the Fund is obligated to pay the protection buyer the full notional value of the Underlying Instrument in return for the Underlying Instrument (which may at that time be of little or no value).

 

A Fund may also invest in the Dow Jones CDX (“ CDX ”), which is a family of indices that track credit derivative indices in various countries around the world. The CDX provides investors with exposure to specific reference baskets of issuers of bonds or loans in certain segments, such as North American investment grade credit derivatives or emerging markets. CDX reference baskets are generally priced daily and rebalanced every six months in conjunction with leading market makers in the credit industry. While investing in CDXs increases the universe of bonds and loans to which a Fund is exposed, such investments entail risks that are not typically associated with investments in other debt instruments (rather, they entail risks more associated with derivative instruments). The liquidity of the market for CDXs is also subject to liquidity in the secured loan and credit derivatives markets.

 

Total return swaps, asset swaps, inflation swaps and similar instruments . A Fund may enter into total return swaps, asset swaps, inflation swaps and other types of swap agreements. In a total return swap, the parties exchange the total return (i.e., interest payments plus any capital gains or losses) of an Underlying Instrument (or basket of such instruments) for the proceeds of another Underlying Instrument (or basket of such instruments). Asset swaps combine an interest rate swap with a bond and are generally used to alter the cash flow characteristics of the Underlying Instrument. For example, the parties may exchange a fixed investment, such as a bond with guaranteed coupon payments, for a floating investment like an index. Inflation swaps are generally used to transfer inflation risk.

 

Swaptions . A Fund may also enter into swap options, or “swaptions.” A swaption is a contract that gives one party the right (but not the obligation), in return for payment of the option premium, to enter into a new swap agreement or to shorten, extend, cancel or otherwise modify an existing swap agreement at some designated future time and on specified terms. A Fund may write (sell) and purchase put and call swaptions. Depending on the terms of the particular option agreement, a Fund will generally incur a greater degree of risk when it writes a swaption than it will incur when it purchases a swaption. When a Fund purchases a swaption, it risks losing only the option premium it paid should it decide not to exercise the option. When a Fund writes a swaption, however, it is obligated according to the terms of the underlying agreement if the option holder exercises the option.

 

Risks Associated with Swaps and Swaptions . Investing in swaps and swaptions, and utilizing these and related techniques in managing a Fund portfolio, are highly specialized activities that involve investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio transactions. These investments involve significant risk of loss. Whether a Fund’s use of swaps will be successful in furthering its investment objective will depend on the Advisor’s ability to predict correctly whether certain types of investments are likely to produce greater returns than other investments. If the Advisor is incorrect in its forecast of market values, the Advisor’s utilization of swap arrangements and related techniques could negatively impact the Fund’s performance.

 

The swaps market is largely unregulated. It is possible that developments in the swaps market, including potential government regulation, could adversely affect a Fund’s ability to terminate existing swap agreements or to

 

S- 16  

 

 

realize amounts to be received under such agreements. Also, certain restrictions imposed by the Code may limit the Fund’s ability to use swap agreements.

 

If the creditworthiness of a Fund’s swap counterparty declines, it becomes more likely that the counterparty will fail to meet its obligations under the contract, and consequently the Fund will suffer losses. Although there can be no assurance that a Fund will be able to do so, a Fund may be able to reduce or eliminate its exposure under a swap agreement either by assignment or other disposition, or by entering into an offsetting swap agreement with the same party or another creditworthy party. However, a Fund may have limited ability to eliminate its exposure under a credit default swap if the credit of the reference entity or underlying asset has declined. There can be no assurance that a Fund will be able to enter into swap transactions at prices or on terms the Advisor believes are advantageous to the Fund. In addition, although the terms of swaps, caps, collars and floors may provide for termination, there can be no assurance that a Fund will be able to terminate a swap or to sell or offset caps, collars or floors that it has purchased. Investing in swaps and related techniques involves the risks associated with investments in derivative instruments.

 

Short Selling

 

All of the Funds may invest, in part, in short positions in equity securities. As opposed to taking long positions in which an investor seeks to profit from increases in the price of a stock, short selling (or “ selling short ”) is a technique used by the Funds to try and profit from the falling price of a stock. Short selling involves selling stock that has been borrowed from a third party with the intention of buying identical stock back at a later date to return to that third party. The basic principle of short selling is that selling stock now at a high price, to buy later at a lower price, is profitable. The short seller hopes to profit from a decline in the price of the assets between the sale and the repurchase, as the seller will pay less to buy the assets than it received on selling them.

 

If a Fund effects a short sale of financial instruments at a time when it has an unrealized gain on the instruments, it may be required to recognize that gain as if it had actually sold the instruments (as a “ constructive sale ”) on the date it effects the short sale. However, such constructive sale treatment may not apply if the Fund closes out the short sale with instruments other than the appreciated instruments held at the time of the short sale and if certain other conditions are satisfied. Uncertainty regarding the tax consequences of effecting short sales may limit the extent to which a Fund may effect short sales.

 

A Fund may be required to close short portfolio security positions in order to facilitate the redemption process. If a Fund recognizes gain on such transactions, this generally will cause the Fund to recognize gain it might not otherwise have recognized, or to recognize such gain sooner than would otherwise be required if it were to distribute portfolio securities in kind. The Funds generally intend to distribute these gains to shareholders to avoid being taxed on this gain at the Fund level and otherwise comply with the special tax rules that apply to it. This strategy may cause shareholders to be subject to tax on gains they would not otherwise be subject to, or at an earlier date than, if they had made an investment in a different ETF.

 

A Fund may also obtain short exposure to a security through a derivative instrument, such as a total return swap.

 

Debt and High-Yield Securities

 

Debt securities include traditional debt securities issued by corporations, such as bonds and debentures and debt securities that are convertible into common stock and interests. Debt securities that will be eligible for purchase by the Funds include investment grade and high-yield corporate debt securities. Investment grade securities are those rated BBB or better by Standard & Poor’s ® Ratings Group (“ S&P ® ”) and those rated Baa or better by Moody’s Investors Service © , Inc. (“ Moody’s ”) or their equivalent. Securities rated BBB by S&P ® are considered investment grade, but Moody’s considers securities rated Baa to have speculative characteristics. High-yield debt securities, or “ junk bonds ,” are rated less than investment grade.

 

Each Fund that invests primarily in equities may invest up to 20% of its net assets in high-yield debt securities. High-yield debt securities generally offer a higher current yield than that available for higher-grade issues. However, lower-rated securities involve higher risks in that they are especially subject to adverse changes in

 

S- 17  

 

 

general economic conditions and in the industries in which the issuers are engaged, to changes in the financial condition of the issuers and to price fluctuations in response to changes in interest rates. During periods of economic downturn or rising interest rates, highly leveraged issuers may experience financial stress that could adversely affect their ability to make payments of interest and principal and increase the possibility of default.

 

The market for high-yield debt securities is generally thinner and less active than that for higher quality securities, which may limit a Fund’s ability to sell such securities at fair value in response to changes in the economy or financial markets. Adverse publicity and investor perceptions, whether based on fundamental analysis, may also decrease the values and liquidity of lower-rated securities, especially in a thinly traded market.

 

Ratings of debt securities represent the rating agencies’ opinions regarding their quality, but are not a guarantee of quality and may be reduced after a Fund has acquired the security. If a security’s rating is reduced while it is held by a Fund, the Advisor will consider whether the Fund should continue to hold the security but is not required to dispose of it. Credit ratings attempt to evaluate the safety of principal and interest payments and do not evaluate the risks of fluctuations in market value. Also, rating agencies may fail to make timely changes in credit ratings in response to subsequent events, so that an issuer’s current financial condition may be better or worse than the rating indicates. The ratings for debt securities are described in Appendix A .

 

Debt securities with longer maturities generally entail greater risk than those with shorter maturities.

 

Short-Term, Temporary, and Cash Investments

 

Each Fund may invest in any of the following securities and instruments:

 

Commercial Paper, Short Term Notes and Other Corporate Obligations . Each Fund may invest a portion of its assets in commercial paper and short term notes. Commercial paper consists of unsecured promissory notes issued by corporations. Issues of commercial paper and short term notes will normally have maturities of less than nine months and fixed rates of return, although such instruments may have maturities of up to one year.

 

Commercial paper and short term notes will consist of issues rated at the time of purchase “A-2” or higher by S&P, “Prime-1” by Moody’s, or similarly rated by another nationally recognized statistical rating organization or, if unrated, will be determined by the Advisor to be of comparable quality. These rating symbols are described in Appendix A.

 

Government Obligations

 

Each Fund may make short term investments in U.S. Government obligations. Such obligations include Treasury bills, certificates of indebtedness, notes and bonds, and issues of such entities as the Government National Mortgage Association (“ GNMA ”), Export Import Bank of the United States, Tennessee Valley Authority, Resolution Funding Corporation, Farmers Home Administration, Federal Home Loan Banks, Federal Intermediate Credit Banks, Federal Farm Credit Banks, Federal Land Banks, Federal Housing Administration, Federal National Mortgage Association (“ FNMA ”), Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“ FHLMC ”), and the Student Loan Marketing Association.

 

Some of these obligations, such as those of the GNMA, are supported by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury Department; others, such as those of the Export-Import Bank of the United States, are supported by the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury; others, such as those of the FNMA, are supported by the discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to purchase the agency’s obligations; still others, such as those of the Student Loan Marketing Association, are supported only by the credit of the instrumentality. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Government would provide financial support to U.S. Government-sponsored instrumentalities if it is not obligated to do so by law.

 

Each Fund may invest in sovereign debt obligations of foreign countries. A sovereign debtor’s willingness or ability to repay principal and interest in a timely manner may be affected by a number of factors, including its cash flow situation, the extent of its foreign reserves, the availability of sufficient foreign exchange on the date a payment is due, the relative size of the debt service burden to the economy as a whole, the sovereign debtor’s policy

 

S- 18  

 

 

toward principal international lenders and the political constraints to which it may be subject. Emerging market governments could default on their sovereign debt. Such sovereign debtors also may be dependent on expected disbursements from foreign governments, multilateral agencies and other entities abroad to reduce principal and interest arrearages on their debt. The commitments on the part of these governments, agencies and others to make such disbursements may be conditioned on a sovereign debtor’s implementation of economic reforms and/or economic performance and the timely service of such debtor’s obligations. Failure to meet such conditions could result in the cancellation of such third parties’ commitments to lend funds to the sovereign debtor, which may further impair such debtor’s ability or willingness to service its debt in a timely manner.

 

When-Issued Securities

 

Each Fund may purchase securities on a when-issued basis, for payment and delivery at a later date, generally within one month. The price and yield are generally fixed on the date of commitment to purchase, and the value of the security is thereafter reflected in the Fund’s NAV. During the period between purchase and settlement, no payment is made by the Fund and no interest accrues to the Fund. At the time of settlement, the market value of the security may be more or less than the purchase price. When the Fund purchases securities on a when-issued basis, it maintains liquid assets in a segregated account with its custodian in an amount equal to the purchase price as long as the obligation to purchase continues.

 

Illiquid Securities

 

Each Fund may hold up to 15 % of its net assets in securities that are illiquid, which means that there may be legal or contractual restrictions on their disposition, or that there are no readily available market for such a security. Illiquid securities present the risks that a Fund may have difficulty valuing these holdings and/or may be unable to sell these holdings at the time or price desired. There are generally no restrictions on a Fund’s ability to invest in restricted securities (that is, securities that are not registered pursuant to the Securities Act), except to the extent such securities may be considered illiquid. Securities issued pursuant to Rule 144A of the Securities Act (“ Rule 144A securities ”) will be considered liquid if determined to be so under procedures adopted by the Board. The Advisor is responsible for making the determination as to the liquidity of restricted securities (pursuant to the procedures adopted by the Board). A Fund will determine a security to be illiquid if it cannot be sold or disposed of in the ordinary course of business within seven days at the value at which the Fund has valued the security. Factors considered in determining whether a security is illiquid may include, but are not limited to: the frequency of trades and quotes for the security; the number of dealers willing to purchase and sell the security and the number of potential purchasers; the number of dealers who undertake to make a market in the security; the nature of the security, including whether it is registered or unregistered, and the market place; whether the security has been rated by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization (“ NRSRO ”); the period of time remaining until the maturity of a debt instrument or until the principal amount of a demand instrument can be recovered through demand; the nature of any restrictions on resale; and with respect to municipal lease obligations and certificates of participation, there is reasonable assurance that the obligation will remain liquid throughout the time the obligation is held and, if unrated, an analysis similar to that which would be performed by an NRSRO is performed. If a restricted security is determined to be liquid, it will not be included within the category of illiquid securities. Investing in Rule 144A securities could have the effect of increasing the level of a Fund’s illiquidity to the extent that a Fund, at a particular point in time may be unable to find qualified institutional buyers interested in purchasing the securities. Each Fund is permitted to sell restricted securities to qualified institutional buyers.

 

Lending Portfolio Securities

 

Each Fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount not exceeding one-third of its total assets to financial institutions such as banks and brokers if the loan is collateralized in accordance with applicable regulations. Under the present regulatory requirements which govern loans of portfolio securities, the loan collateral must, on each business day, at least equal the value of the loaned securities and must consist of cash, letters of credit of domestic banks or domestic branches of foreign banks, or securities of the U.S. Government or its agencies. To be acceptable as collateral, letters of credit must obligate a bank to pay amounts demanded by the Funds if the demand meets the terms of the letter. Such terms and the issuing bank would have to be satisfactory to the Funds. Any loan might be secured by any one or more of the three types of collateral. The terms of the Funds’ loans must permit a Fund to reacquire loaned securities on five days’ notice or in time to vote on any serious matter and must meet

 

S- 19  

 

 

certain tests under the Code.

 

A Fund may terminate a loan at any time and obtain the securities loaned. A Fund receives the value of any interest or cash or non-cash distributions paid on the loaned securities. A Fund cannot vote proxies for securities on loan, but will recall loans to vote proxies if a material issue affecting the Fund’s economic interest in the investment is to be voted upon. Distributions received on loaned securities in lieu of dividend payments (i.e., substitute payments) would not be considered qualified dividend income. Each Fund will call loans to vote proxies if a material issue affecting the investment is to be voted upon. Should the borrower of the securities fail financially, a Fund may experience delays in recovering the securities or exercising its rights in the collateral.

 

A Fund may pay a portion of the interest or fees earned from securities lending to a borrower as described above, and to one or more Board-approved securities lending agents who administer the lending program for the Funds in accordance with guidelines approved by the Board. In such capacity, the lending agent causes the delivery of loaned securities from a Fund to borrowers, arranges for the return of loaned securities to the Fund at the termination of a loan, requests deposit of collateral, monitors the daily value of the loaned securities and collateral, requests that borrowers add to the collateral when required by the loan agreements, and provides recordkeeping and accounting services necessary for the operation of the program. The Bank of New York Mellon (“ BNYMellon ”) has been approved by the Board to serve as securities lending agent for the Funds and the Trust has entered into an agreement with BNYMellon for such services. Among other matters, the Trust has agreed to indemnify BNYMellon for certain liabilities. The fees that each Fund pays to BNYMellon are not reflected in the Fund’s fees but instead are calculated in the NAV of each Fund.

 

The primary risk in securities lending is a default by the borrower during a sharp rise in price of the borrowed security resulting in a deficiency in the collateral posted by the borrower. The Funds will seek to minimize this risk by requiring that the value of the securities loaned be computed each day and additional collateral be furnished each day if required. In addition, the Funds are exposed to the risk of delay in recovery of the loaned securities or possible loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower become insolvent. As well, all investments made with the collateral received are subject to the risks associated with such investments. If such investments lose value, the Funds will have to cover the loss when repaying the collateral.

 

Borrowing

 

Though the Funds do not currently intend to borrow money, each Fund is authorized to borrow money from time to time for temporary, extraordinary or emergency purposes or for clearance of transactions, and not for the purpose of leveraging its investments, in amounts not to exceed at any time 33 1/3% of the value of its total assets at the time of such borrowings, as allowed under the 1940 Act. The use of borrowing by a Fund involves special risk considerations that may not be associated with other funds having similar objectives and policies. Since substantially all of a Fund’s assets fluctuate in value, while the interest obligation resulting from a borrowing will be fixed by the terms of a Fund’s agreement with its lender, the NAV per share of a Fund will tend to increase more when its portfolio securities increase in value and to decrease more when its portfolio assets decrease in value than would otherwise be the case if a Fund did not borrow. In addition, interest costs on borrowings may fluctuate with changing market rates of interest and may partially offset or exceed the return earned on borrowed funds. Under adverse market conditions, a Fund might have to sell portfolio securities to meet interest or principal payments at a time when fundamental investment considerations would not favor such sales.

 

Commodities Risk

 

Direct and indirect investments in commodities markets may be subject to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities, such as stocks and bonds. The commodities markets may fluctuate widely based on a variety of factors. These include changes in overall market movements, domestic and foreign political and economic events and policies, war, acts of terrorism, changes in domestic or foreign interest rates and/or investor expectations concerning interest rates, domestic and foreign inflation rates and/or investor expectations concerning inflation rates and investment and trading activities of mutual funds, hedge funds and commodities funds. Prices of various commodities may also be affected by factors such as drought, floods, weather, livestock disease, embargoes, tariffs and other regulatory developments. Many of these factors are very unpredictable. The prices of commodities can also fluctuate widely due to supply and demand disruptions in major producing or consuming regions. Certain

 

S- 20  

 

 

commodities may be produced in a limited number of countries and may be controlled by a small number of producers. As a result, political, economic and supply related events in such countries could have a disproportionate impact on the prices of such commodities.

 

Sector Specific Risks

 

Each Fund may make investments in issuers engaged in an industry or industry group. Although the Funds’ investment restrictions prevent a Fund from initiating a new investment position that would result in concentration in excess of 25 percent in an industry or industry group, changes in the market value of such Fund’s positions may result in temporary periods of concentration.

 

Consumer Discretionary Sector Risk . The success of consumer product manufacturers and retailers is tied closely to the performance of domestic and international economies, interest rates, exchange rates, competition, consumer confidence, changes in demographics and consumer preferences. Companies in the consumer discretionary sector depend heavily on disposable household income and consumer spending, and may be strongly affected by social trends and marketing campaigns. These companies may be subject to severe competition, which may have an adverse impact on their profitability.

 

Automotive Industry Risk. The automotive sub-industry can be highly cyclical and companies in this sub-industry may suffer periodic operating losses. Companies in this sub-industry face intense competition, both domestically and internationally, which may have an adverse effect on their profitability. The sub-industry can be significantly affected by labor relations, fluctuating component and material prices, product recalls, domestic and international economic downturns and consumer demands. Government regulation and increased competition may also negatively affect automotive manufacturers. Some automotive manufacturers are small or financially vulnerable and can be non-diversified in both product line and consumer base, and may be more susceptible to adverse developments.

 

Consumer Durables Industry Risk. The consumer durables industry includes companies involved in the design, production, or distribution of household durables, leisure equipment and goods, textiles, luxury goods or apparel, each of which may be affected by changes in domestic and international economies, consumer confidence, disposable household income and spending, and consumer tastes and preferences. Companies in the consumer durables industry face intense competition, which may have an adverse effect on their profitability. The success of companies in the consumer durables industry may be strongly affected by social trends and marketing campaigns. Companies in the consumer durables industry may be dependent on outside financing, which may be difficult to obtain. Many of these companies are dependent on third party suppliers and distribution systems. Consumer durables companies may be unable to protect their intellectual property rights or may be liable for infringing the intellectual property rights of others. In addition, goods in the consumer durables industry may face the risk of rapid obsolescence.

 

Consumer Services Industry Risk . The success of consumer product manufacturers and retailers (including food and drug retailers, general retailers, media, and travel and leisure companies) is tied closely to the performance of the domestic and international economies, interest rates, exchange rates and consumer confidence. The consumer services industry depends heavily on disposable household income and consumer spending. Companies in the consumer services industry may be subject to severe competition, which may also have an adverse impact on their profitability. Changes in consumer demographics and preferences in the countries in which the issuers of securities held by a Fund are located and in the countries to which they export their products may affect the success of consumer products.

 

Media Industry Risk. Companies in the media sub-industry may encounter distressed cash flows due to the need to commit substantial capital to meet increasing competition, particularly in formulating new products and services using new technology. Media companies are subject to risks that include cyclicality of revenues and earnings, a potential decrease in the discretionary income of targeted individuals, changing consumer tastes and interests, competition in the industry and the potential for increased state and federal regulation. Advertising spending is an important source of revenue for media companies. During economic downturns advertising spending typically decreases and as a result, media companies tend to generate less revenue.

 

S- 21  

 

 

Retail Industry Risk. The retail sub-industry may be affected by changes in domestic and international economies, interest rates, commodity prices, consumer confidence, disposable household income and spending, and consumer tastes and preferences. Companies in the retail sub-industry face intense competition, which may have an adverse effect on their profitability. The success of these companies may be strongly affected by social trends and marketing campaigns, and they may depend heavily on availability of credit, the overall health of the economy and the introduction of popular retail products. Companies in the retail sub-industry may be dependent on outside financing, which may be difficult to obtain. Many of these companies are dependent on third party suppliers and distribution systems. Retail companies may be unable to protect their intellectual property rights or may be liable for infringing upon the intellectual property rights of others.

 

Consumer Staples Sector Risk . The consumer staples sector may be affected by the regulation of various product components and production methods, marketing campaigns and changes in consumer demand. Tobacco companies, in particular, may be adversely affected by new laws, regulations and litigation. The consumer staples sector may also be adversely affected by changes or trends in commodity prices, which may be influenced by unpredictable factors.

 

Energy Sector Risk . The energy sector of an economy is cyclical and highly dependent on energy prices. The market value of securities issued by companies in the energy sector may decline for many reasons, including, among other things, changes in the levels and volatility of global energy prices, energy supply and demand, capital expenditures on exploration and production of energy sources, exchange rates, interest rates, economic conditions, and tax treatment; energy conservation efforts, increased competition; and technological advances. Companies in this sector may be subject to substantial government regulation and contractual fixed pricing, which may increase the cost of doing business and limit the earnings of these companies. A significant portion of the revenues of these companies may depend on a relatively small number of customers, including governmental entities and utilities. As a result, governmental budget constraints may have a material adverse effect on the stock prices of companies in this sector. Energy companies may also operate in, or engage in, transactions involving countries with less developed regulatory regimes or a history of expropriation, nationalization or other adverse policies. Energy companies also face a significant risk of liability from accidents resulting in injury or loss of life or property, pollution or other environmental problems, equipment malfunctions or mishandling of materials and a risk of loss from terrorism, political strife or natural disasters. Any such event could have serious consequences for the general population of the affected area and could have an adverse impact on a Fund’s portfolio and the performance of such Fund. Energy companies can be significantly affected by the supply of, and demand for, specific products (e.g., oil and natural gas) and services, exploration and production spending, government subsidization, world events and general economic conditions. Energy companies may have relatively high levels of debt and may be more likely than other companies to restructure their businesses if there are downturns in energy markets or in the global economy.

 

Clean Energy Industry Risk. Clean energy companies may be highly dependent upon government subsidies, contracts with government entities, and the successful development of new and proprietary technologies. In addition, seasonal weather conditions, fluctuations in the supply of and demand for clean energy products, and international political events may cause fluctuations in the performance of clean energy companies and the prices of their securities.

 

Oil and Gas Industry Risk. The profitability of companies in the oil and gas industry is related to worldwide energy prices, exploration costs and production spending. Companies in the oil and gas industry may be at risk for environmental damage claims and other types of litigation. Companies in the oil and gas industry, especially those companies involved in storage and transportation, may be adversely affected by natural or environmental disasters or other catastrophes. The industry is also vulnerable to changes in exchange rates, interest rates, changes in prices for competitive energy services, economic conditions, tax treatment, government regulation and intervention, negative public perception and unfavorable events in the regions where companies operate (e.g., expropriation, nationalization, confiscation of assets and property or imposition of restrictions on foreign investments and repatriation of capital, military coups, social unrest, violence or labor unrest), and the availability of infrastructure and costs of raw materials may particularly affect oil and gas equipment and services companies. Exploration and production companies may also encounter unforeseen factors such as unproductive wells, changes in crude oil prices, regulatory

 

S- 22  

 

 

delays, adverse weather conditions and other environmental issues. Refining and marketing companies are susceptible to the risk of low profit margins because of the time and capital requirements required to construct new refineries. Companies in the oil and gas industry may have significant capital investments in, or engage in transactions involving, emerging market countries, which may heighten these risks.

 

Financials Sector Risk . Companies in the financials sector of an economy are subject to extensive governmental regulation and intervention, which may adversely affect the scope of their activities, the prices they can charge, the amount of capital they must maintain and, potentially, their size. Governmental regulation may change frequently and may have significant adverse consequences for companies in the financials sector, including effects not intended by such regulation. The impact of more stringent capital requirements, or recent or future regulation in various countries, on any individual financial company or of the financials sector as a whole cannot be predicted. Certain risks may impact the value of investments in the financials sector more severely than those of investments outside this sector, including the risks associated with companies that operate with substantial financial leverage. Companies in the financials sector may also be adversely affected by increases in interest rates and loan losses, decreases in the availability of money or asset valuations, credit rating downgrades and adverse conditions in other related markets. Insurance companies, in particular, may be subject to severe price competition and/or rate regulation, which may have an adverse impact on their profitability. The financials sector is particularly sensitive to fluctuations in interest rates. The financials sector is also a target for cyber attacks, and may experience technology malfunctions and disruptions. In recent years, cyber attacks and technology malfunctions and failures have become increasingly frequent in this sector and have reportedly caused losses to companies in this sector, which may negatively impact a Fund.

 

Bank Industry Risk. The bank industry may be affected by extensive governmental regulation which may limit both the amounts and types of loans and other financial commitments they can make, and the interest rates and fees they can charge and the amount of capital they must maintain. Profitability is largely dependent on the availability and cost of capital funds, and can fluctuate significantly when interest rates change. Credit losses resulting from financial difficulties of borrowers can negatively impact the sub-sector. Banks may also be subject to severe price competition. The regional banking industry is highly competitive and thus, failure to maintain or increase market share may result in lost market share.

 

Diversified Financials Industry Risk. A Fund may subject to the risks faced by companies in the diversified financials industry to the same extent as its portfolio concentrates in such industry. These risks include: changes in credit ratings, interest rates, loan losses, the performance of credit and financial markets and the availability and cost of capital funds; and adverse effects from governmental regulation and oversight. The diversified financials industry may also be affected by risks that affect the broader financials industry.

 

Financial Institutions Risk. Some instruments are issued or guaranteed by financial institutions, such as banks and brokers, or are collateralized by securities issued or guaranteed by financial institutions. Changes in the creditworthiness of any of these institutions may adversely affect the values of instruments of issuers in financial industries. Financial institutions may be particularly sensitive to certain economic factors such as interest rate changes, adverse developments in the real estate market, fiscal and monetary policy and general economic cycles. Adverse developments in banking and other financial industries may cause a Fund to underperform relative to other funds that invest more broadly across different industries or have a smaller exposure to financial institutions. Changes in governmental regulation and oversight of financial institutions may have an adverse effect on the financial condition or the earnings or operations of a financial institution and on the types and amounts of businesses in which a financial institution may engage. An investor may be delayed or prevented from exercising certain remedies against a financial institution. The amount of a Fund’s assets that may be invested in any financial institution, or financial institutions generally, may be limited by applicable law.

 

Insurance Industry Risk. The insurance industry may be significantly affected by changes in interest rates, catastrophic events, price and market competition, the imposition of premium rate caps, or other changes in government regulation or tax law, among other factors.

 

Healthcare Sector Risk . The profitability of companies in the healthcare sector may be adversely affected

 

S- 23  

 

 

by the following factors, among others: extensive government regulations, restrictions on government reimbursement for medical expenses, rising costs of medical products and services, pricing pressure, an increased emphasis on outpatient services, a limited number of products, industry innovation, changes in technologies and other market developments. A number of issuers in the healthcare sector have recently merged or otherwise experienced consolidation. The effects of this trend toward consolidation are unknown and may be far-reaching. Many healthcare companies are heavily dependent on patent protection. The expiration of a company’s patents may adversely affect that company’s profitability. Many healthcare companies are subject to extensive litigation based on product liability and similar claims. Healthcare companies are subject to competitive forces that may make it difficult to raise prices and, in fact, may result in price discounting. Many new products in the healthcare sector may be subject to regulatory approvals. The process of obtaining such approvals may be long and costly, and such efforts ultimately may be unsuccessful. Companies in the healthcare sector may be thinly capitalized and may be susceptible to product obsolescence.

 

Biotechnology Industry Risk. Companies in the biotechnology industry spend heavily on research and development, and their products or services may not prove commercially successful or may become obsolete quickly. The biotechnology industry is subject to a significant amount of governmental regulation, and changes in governmental policies and the need for regulatory approvals may have a material adverse effect on this industry. Companies in the biotechnology industry are subject to risks of new technologies and competitive pressures and are heavily dependent on patents and intellectual property rights. The loss or impairment of these rights may adversely affect the profitability of these companies.

 

Health Care Equipment Industry Risk: Health care equipment companies are affected by rising costs of medical products, devices and services and the increased emphasis on the delivery of health care through outpatient services. Competition is high among health care equipment companies and can be significantly affected by extensive government regulation or government reimbursement for medical expenses. The equipment may be subject to extensive litigation based on malpractice claims, product liability claims or other litigation. Medical equipment manufacturers are heavily dependent on patent protection and the expiration of patents may adversely affect their profitability. Many new health care products are subject to the approval of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”). The process of obtaining FDA approval is often long and expensive.

 

Health Care Services Companies Risk. Health care services companies are affected by rising costs of medical products, devices and services and the increased emphasis on the delivery of health care through outpatient services. Competition is high among health care services companies and can be significantly affected by extensive government regulation or government reimbursement for medical expenses. The equipment may be subject to extensive litigation based on malpractice claims, product liability claims or other litigation. Medical equipment manufacturers are heavily dependent on patent protection and the expiration of patents may adversely affect their profitability. Many new health care products are subject to the approval of the FDA. The process of obtaining FDA approval is often long and expensive.

 

Pharmaceuticals Industry Risk. Companies in the pharmaceuticals industry are subject to competitive forces that may make it difficult to raise prices of their products and, in fact, may result in price discounting. The profitability of some companies in the pharmaceuticals industry may be dependent on a relatively limited number of products. In addition, their products can become obsolete due to industry innovation, changes in technologies or other market developments. Many new products in the pharmaceuticals industry are subject to government approvals, regulation and reimbursement rates. The process of obtaining government approvals may be long and costly. Many companies in the pharmaceuticals industry are heavily dependent on patents and intellectual property rights. The loss or impairment of these rights may adversely affect the profitability of these companies. Companies in the pharmaceuticals industry may be subject to extensive litigation based on product liability and similar claims.

 

Industrials Sector Risk . The value of securities issued by companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by supply and demand related to their specific products or services and industrials sector products in general. The products of manufacturing companies may face obsolescence due to rapid technological developments and frequent new product introduction. World events and changes in government regulations,

 

S- 24  

 

 

economic conditions and exchange rates may adversely affect the performance of companies in the industrials sector. Companies in the industrials sector may be adversely affected by liability for environmental damage and product liability claims. The industrials sector may also be adversely affected by changes or trends in commodity prices, which may be influenced by unpredictable factors. Companies in the industrials sector, particularly aerospace and defense companies, may also be adversely affected by government spending policies because companies in this sector tend to rely to a significant extent on government demand for their products and services.

 

Aerospace and Defense Sub-Industry Risk. The aerospace and defense industry can be significantly affected by government defense and aerospace regulation and spending policies. The aerospace industry in particular has recently been affected by adverse economic conditions and consolidation within the industry.

 

Capital Goods Industry Risk. The capital goods industry may be affected by fluctuations in the business cycle and by other factors affecting manufacturing demands. The capital goods industry depends heavily on corporate spending. Companies in the capital goods industry may perform well during times of economic expansion, but as economic conditions worsen, the demand for capital goods may decrease. Many capital goods are sold internationally, and companies in this industry may be affected by market conditions in other countries and regions.

 

Commercial and Professional Services Industry Risk. The success of commercial and professional service providers is tied closely to the performance of domestic and international economies, interest rates, exchange rates, competition, availability of qualified personnel and corporate demand. The commercial and professional services industry depends heavily on corporate spending. Companies in the commercial and professional services industry may be subject to severe competition, which may also have an adverse impact on their profitability.

 

Infrastructure Industry Risk. Companies in the infrastructure industry may be subject to a variety of factors that could adversely affect their business or operations, including high interest costs in connection with capital construction programs, high degrees of leverage, costs associated with governmental, environmental and other regulations, the effects of economic slowdowns, increased competition from other providers of services, uncertainties concerning costs, the level of government spending on infrastructure projects, and other factors. Infrastructure companies may be adversely affected by commodity price volatility, changes in exchange rates, import controls, depletion of resources, technological developments, and labor relations. There is also the risk that corruption may negatively affect publicly funded infrastructure projects, especially in emerging markets, resulting in delays and cost overruns. Infrastructure issuers can be significantly affected by government spending policies because companies involved in this industry rely to a significant extent on U.S. and other government demand for their products.

 

Infrastructure companies in the oil and gas industry may be adversely affected by government regulation or world events in the regions that the companies operate (e.g., expropriation, nationalization, confiscation of assets and property or the imposition of restrictions on foreign investments and repatriation of capital, military coups, social unrest, violence or labor unrest). Infrastructure companies may have significant capital investments in, or engage in transactions involving, emerging market countries, which may heighten these risks.

 

Transportation Industry Risk. Issuers in the transportation industry may be adversely affected by economic changes, increases in fuel and operating costs, labor relations, and insurance costs. Transportation companies in certain countries may also be subject to significant government regulation and oversight, which may adversely affect their businesses. Other risk factors that may affect the transportation industry include the risk of increases in fuel and other operating costs and the effects of regulatory changes or other government decisions.

 

Information Technology Sector Risk . Information technology companies face intense competition, both domestically and internationally, which may have an adverse effect on their profit margins. Like other technology companies, information technology companies may have limited product lines, markets, financial resources or

 

S- 25  

 

 

personnel. The products of information technology companies may face obsolescence due to rapid technological developments, frequent new product introduction, unpredictable changes in growth rates and competition for the services of qualified personnel. Companies in the information technology sector are heavily dependent on patent and intellectual property rights. The loss or impairment of these rights may adversely affect the profitability of these companies.

 

Computer Software/Services Companies Risk. Computer software/services companies can be significantly affected by competitive pressures, aggressive pricing, technological developments, changing domestic demand, the ability to attract and retain skilled employees and availability and price of components. The market for products produced by computer software/services companies is characterized by rapidly changing technology, rapid product obsolescence, cyclical market patterns, evolving industry standards and frequent new product introductions. The success of computer software/services companies depends in substantial part on the timely and successful introduction of new products and the ability to service such products. An unexpected change in one or more of the technologies affecting an issuer’s products or in the market for products based on a particular technology could have a material adverse effect on a participant’s operating results.

 

Electronic Media Companies Risk: Electronic media companies create, own, and distribute various forms of technology-based visual, audio, and interactive content, as well as information databases that they sell or lease to others. Electronic media companies can be adversely affected by, among other things, changes in government regulation, intense competition, dependency on patent protection, and rapid obsolescence of products and services due to product compatibility or changing consumer preferences.

 

Semiconductor Industry Risk. A Fund may invest in semiconductor companies, which face intense competition, both domestically and internationally, and such competition may have an adverse effect on profit margins. Semiconductor companies may have limited product lines, markets, financial resources or personnel. The products of semiconductor companies may face obsolescence due to rapid technological developments and frequent new product introduction, unpredictable changes in growth rates and competition for the services of qualified personnel. Capital equipment expenditures could be substantial, and equipment generally suffers from rapid obsolescence. Companies in the semiconductor industry are heavily dependent on patent and intellectual property rights. The loss or impairment of these rights, would adversely affect the profitability of these companies.

 

Technology Industry Risk. Technology companies, including information technology companies, face intense competition, both domestically and internationally, which may have an adverse effect on a company’s profit margins. Technology companies may have limited product lines, financial resources and/or personnel. The products of technology companies may face obsolescence due to rapid technological developments, frequent new product introduction, unpredictable changes in growth rates and competition for the services of qualified personnel. An unexpected change in one or more of the technologies affecting an issuer’s products or in the market for products based on a particular technology could have a material adverse effect on a participant’s operating results. Companies in the technology sector are heavily dependent on patent and other intellectual property rights. A technology company’s loss or impairment of these rights may adversely affect the company’s profitability. There can be no assurance that the steps taken by such companies to protect their proprietary rights will be adequate to prevent misappropriation of their technology or that competitors will not independently develop technologies that are substantially equivalent or superior to such companies’ technology

 

Technology Hardware Companies Risk. Technology hardware companies can be significantly affected by competitive pressures, aggressive pricing, technological developments, changing domestic demand, the ability to attract and retain skilled employees and availability and price of components. The market for products produced by these companies is characterized by rapidly changing technology, rapid product obsolescence, cyclical market patterns, evolving industry standards and frequent new product introductions. The success of technology hardware companies depends in substantial part on the timely and successful introduction of new products. An unexpected change in one or more of the technologies affecting an issuer’s products or in the market for products based on a particular technology could have a material adverse effect on a participant’s operating results.

 

S- 26  

 

 

Materials Sector Risk . Companies in the materials sector may be adversely affected by commodity price volatility, exchange rates, import controls, increased competition, depletion of resources, technical advances, labor relations, over-production, litigation and government regulations, among other factors. Companies in the materials sector are also at risk of liability for environmental damage and product liability claims. Production of materials may exceed demand as a result of market imbalances or economic downturns, leading to poor investment returns.

 

Chemicals Sub-Industry Risk. A Fund may invest in companies in the chemicals industry. The success of companies in the chemicals industry can be significantly affected by intense competition, product obsolescence, raw materials prices, and government regulation. As regulations are developed and enforced, chemicals companies could be required to alter or cease production of a product, pay fines, pay for cleaning up a disposal site or agree to restrictions on their operations. In addition, chemicals companies may be subject to risks associated with production, handling, and disposal, as some of the materials and processes used by these companies involve hazardous components.

 

Home Construction Sub-Industry Risk. The home construction industry may be significantly affected by changes in government spending, zoning laws, general economic conditions, interest rates, commodity prices, consumer confidence and spending, taxation, demographic patterns, real estate values, overbuilding, housing starts, and new and existing home sales. Rising interest rates, reductions in mortgage availability to consumers, increasing foreclosure rates or increases in the costs of owning a home could reduce the market for new homes and adversely affect the profitability of home construction companies. Certain segments of the home construction industry can be significantly affected by environmental clean-up costs and catastrophic events such as earthquakes, hurricanes, tornadoes and terrorist acts. Home construction companies may lack diversification, due to ownership of a limited number of properties and concentration in a particular geographic region or property type.

 

Metals and Mining Sub-Industry Risk. A Fund may invest in securities that are issued by and/or have exposure to, companies primarily involved in the metals and mining industry. Investments in metals and mining companies may be speculative and subject to greater price volatility than investments in other types of companies. The profitability of companies in the metals and mining industry is related to, among other things, worldwide metal prices and extraction and production costs. Worldwide metal prices may fluctuate substantially over short periods of time, and as a result, a Fund’s share price may be more volatile than other types of investments. In addition, metals and mining companies may be significantly affected by changes in global demand for certain metals, economic developments, energy conservation, the success of exploration projects, changes in exchange rates, interest rates, economic conditions, tax treatment, trade treaties, and government regulation and intervention, and events in the regions that the companies to which a Fund has exposure operate (e.g., expropriation, nationalization, confiscation of assets and property, the imposition of restrictions on foreign investments or repatriation of capital, military coups, social or political unrest, violence and labor unrest). Metals and mining companies may also be subject to the effects of competitive pressures in the metals and mining industry.

 

Timber and Forestry Sub-Industry Risk. The timber and forestry industry is highly cyclical and the market value of companies engaged in the ownership, management or upstream supply chain of forests and timberlands is strongly affected by changes in international economic conditions, interest rates, weather cycles, changing demographics, environmental conditions and government regulations, among other factors. For example, the volume and value of timber that can be harvested from timberlands is limited by natural disasters, fire, volcanic eruptions, insect infestation, disease, ice storms, wind storms, flooding and other events. Climate conditions could intensify the effects of any of these factors. Many companies in the timber and forestry industry do not insure against damages to their timberlands. Companies in this industry are also subject to stringent federal, state and local environmental, health and safety laws and regulations.

 

Real Estate Sector Risk . A Fund may invest in “Real Estate Companies,” such as REITs or real estate holding companies, which expose investors to the risks of owning real estate directly, as well as to risks that relate specifically to the way in which Real Estate Companies are organized and operated. Real estate is highly sensitive to general and local economic conditions and developments and is characterized by intense competition and periodic overbuilding. Many Real Estate Companies, including REITs, utilize leverage (and some may be highly leveraged),

 

S- 27  

 

 

which increases investment risk and the risk normally associated with debt financing, and could potentially increase a Fund’s losses.

 

Homebuilding Companies Risk. Homebuilding companies can be significantly affected by the national, regional and local real estate markets. Homebuilding companies are also sensitive to interest rate fluctuations which can cause changes in the availability of mortgage capital and directly affect the purchasing power of potential homebuyers. Homebuilding companies can be significantly affected by changes in government spending, consumer confidence, demographic patterns and the level of new and existing home sales.

 

REIT Risk. REITs are subject to the risks associated with investing in the securities of real property companies. In particular, REITs may be affected by changes in the values of the underlying properties that they own or operate. Further, REITs are dependent upon specialized management skills, and their investments may be concentrated in relatively few properties, or in a small geographic area or a single property type. REITs are also subject to heavy cash flow dependency and, as a result, are particularly reliant on the proper functioning of capital markets, as well as defaults by borrowers and self-liquidation. A variety of economic and other factors may adversely affect a lessee’s ability to meet its obligations to a REIT. In the event of a default by a lessee, the REIT may experience delays in enforcing its rights as a lessor and may incur substantial costs associated with protecting its investments. In addition, a REIT could possibly fail to qualify for favorable tax treatment under the Internal Revenue Code, or to maintain its exemptions from registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, which could have adverse consequences for a Fund. REITs are also subject to heavy cash flow dependency and, as a result, are particularly reliant on capital markets. Investments in REITs are also subject to the risks affecting equity markets generally

 

Telecommunications Sector Risk . The telecommunications sector of a country’s economy is often subject to extensive government regulation. The costs of complying with governmental regulations, delays or failure to receive required regulatory approvals, or the enactment of new regulatory requirements may negatively affect the business of telecommunications companies. Government actions around the world, specifically in the area of pre-marketing clearance of products and prices, can be arbitrary and unpredictable. The domestic telecommunications market is characterized by increasing competition and regulation by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission and various state regulatory authorities. Companies in the telecommunications sector may encounter distressed cash flows due to the need to commit substantial capital to meet increasing competition, particularly in developing new products and services using new technology. Technological innovations may make the products and services of certain telecommunications companies obsolete. Telecommunications providers are generally required to obtain franchises or licenses in order to provide services in a given location. Licensing and franchise rights in the telecommunications sector are limited, which may provide an advantage to certain participants. Limited availability of such rights, high barriers to market entry and regulatory oversight, among other factors, have led to consolidation of companies within the sector, which could lead to further regulation or other negative effects in the future.

 

Utilities Sector Risk . Deregulation may subject utility companies to greater competition and may adversely affect their profitability. As deregulation allows utility companies to diversify outside of their original geographic regions and their traditional lines of business, utility companies may engage in riskier ventures. In addition, deregulation may eliminate restrictions on the profits of certain utility companies, but may also subject these companies to greater risk of loss. Companies in the utilities industry may have difficulty obtaining an adequate return on invested capital, raising capital, or financing large construction projects during periods of inflation or unsettled capital markets; face restrictions on operations and increased cost and delays attributable to environmental considerations and regulation; find that existing plants, equipment or products have been rendered obsolete by technological innovations; or be subject to increased costs because of the scarcity of certain fuels or the effects of man-made or natural disasters. Existing and future regulations or legislation may make it difficult for utility companies to operate profitably. Government regulators monitor and control utility revenues and costs, and therefore may limit utility profits. In certain countries, regulatory authorities may also restrict utility companies’ access to new markets, thereby diminishing these companies’ long-term prospects. There is no assurance that regulatory authorities will grant rate increases in the future or that such increases will be adequate to permit the payment of dividends on stocks issued by a utility company. Energy conservation and changes in climate policy may also have a significant adverse impact on the revenues and expenses of utility companies.

 

S- 28  

 

 

Authorized Participant Concentration Risk

 

Only certain large institutions that enter into agreements with the Distributor (each, an “ Authorized Participant ”) may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with a Fund. Each Fund has a limited number of intermediaries that act as Authorized Participants, and none of these Authorized Participants are or will be obligated to engage in creation or redemption transactions. To the extent that these intermediaries exit the business or are unable to or choose not to proceed with creation and/or redemption orders with respect to a Fund and no other Authorized Participant is able to step forward to create or redeem, shares may trade at a discount to NAV and possibly face trading halts and/or delisting. This risk may be enhanced to the extent the securities held by the Fund are traded outside of a collateralized settlement system.

 

Cash Transactions Risk

 

The Fund may effect creations and redemptions partly or wholly for cash, rather than in kind. As a result, to the extent the Fund creates or redeems Shares in part or wholly for cash, an investment in a Fund may be less tax-efficient than an investment in a more conventional ETF. ETFs generally are able to make in kind redemptions and avoid being taxed on gain on the distributed portfolio securities at the Fund level. Because each Fund may effect redemptions partly or wholly for cash, rather than in kind distributions, it may be required to sell portfolio securities in order to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds. If a Fund recognizes gain on these sales, this generally will cause the Fund to recognize gain it might not otherwise have recognized, or to recognize such gain sooner than would otherwise be required if it were to distribute portfolio securities in kind. Each Fund generally distributes these gains to shareholders to avoid being taxed on this gain at the Fund level and otherwise comply with the special tax rules that apply to it. This strategy may cause shareholders to be subject to tax on gains they would not otherwise be subject to, or at an earlier date than, if they had made an investment in a different ETF. Moreover, cash transactions may have to be carried out over several days if the securities market is relatively illiquid and may involve considerable brokerage fees and taxes. These brokerage fees and taxes, which will be higher than if each Fund sold and redeemed its shares solely in kind, will be passed on to purchasers and redeemers of Creation Units in the form of creation and redemption transaction fees. In addition, these factors may result in wider spreads between the bid and the offered prices of a Fund’s shares than for more conventional ETFs.

 

Continuous Offering

 

The method by which Creation Units of Shares are created and traded may raise certain issues under applicable securities laws. Because new Creation Units of Shares are issued and sold by the Trust on an ongoing basis, at any point a “distribution,” as such term is used in the Securities Act, may occur. Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result in their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner which could render them statutory underwriters and subject them to the prospectus delivery and liability provisions of the Securities Act.

 

For example, a broker-dealer firm or its client may be deemed a statutory underwriter if it takes Creation Units after placing an order with the Distributor, breaks them down into constituent Shares, and sells such Shares directly to customers, or if it chooses to couple the creation of a supply of new Shares with an active selling effort involving solicitation of secondary market demand for Shares. A determination of whether one is an underwriter for purposes of the Securities Act must take into account all the facts and circumstances pertaining to the activities of the broker-dealer or its client in the particular case, and the examples mentioned above should not be considered a complete description of all the activities that could lead to a categorization as an underwriter.

 

Broker-dealer firms should also note that dealers who are not “underwriters” but are effecting transactions in Shares, whether or not participating in the distribution of Shares, are generally required to deliver a prospectus. This is because the prospectus delivery exemption in Section 4(3) of the Securities Act is not available in respect of such transactions as a result of Section 24(d) of the 1940 Act. Firms that incur a prospectus-delivery obligation with respect to Shares of a Fund are reminded that under Securities Act Rule 153, a prospectus-delivery obligation under Section 5(b)(2) of the Securities Act owed to an exchange member in connection with a sale on the Exchange is

 

S- 29  

 

 

satisfied by the fact that a Fund’s Prospectus is available at the Exchange upon request. The prospectus delivery mechanism provided in Rule 153 is only available with respect to transactions on an exchange.

 

Cyber Security Risk

 

With the increasing use of the Internet and technology in connection with the Funds’ operations, the Funds have become potentially more susceptible to greater operational and information security risks through breaches in cyber security. Cyber security breaches include, without limitation, infection by computer viruses and unauthorized access to the Funds’ systems through “hacking” or other means for the purpose of misappropriating assets or sensitive information, corrupting data, or causing operations to be disrupted. Cyber security breaches may also occur in a manner that does not require gaining unauthorized access, such as denial-of-service attacks or situations where authorized individuals intentionally or unintentionally release confidential information stored on the Funds’ systems. A cyber security breach may cause disruptions and impact a Fund’s business operations, which could potentially result in financial losses, inability to determine the Fund’s NAV, impediments to trading, the inability of shareholders to transact business, violation of applicable law, regulatory penalties and/or fines, compliance and other costs. The Funds and their shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result.

 

Further, substantial costs may be incurred in order to prevent future cyber incidents. In addition, because the Funds work closely with third-party service providers (e.g., custodians and unaffiliated sub-advisers), indirect cyber security breaches at such third-party service providers may subject Fund shareholders to the same risks associated with direct cyber security breaches. Further, indirect cyber security breaches at an issuer of securities in which a Fund invests may similarly negatively impact Fund shareholders because of a decrease in the value of these securities. There can be no assurances that measures taken by the Funds and their services providers to reduce risks to cyber security will be successful, particularly since the Funds do not control the cyber security systems of issuers or third-party service providers. Each Fund and its shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result.

 

Liquidation Of Funds Risk

 

The Board may determine to close and liquidate a Fund at any time. In the event of the liquidation of a Fund, shareholders will receive a liquidating distribution in cash or in kind equal to their proportionate interest in the Fund. A liquidating distribution may be a taxable event for shareholders and, depending on a shareholder’s basis in his or her Fund shares, may result in the recognition of a gain or loss for tax purposes.

 

Tax Risk

 

As with any investment, you should consider how your investment in Shares of a Fund will be taxed. The tax information in the Prospectus and this SAI is provided as general information. You should consult your own tax professional about the tax consequences of an investment in Shares of a Fund.

 

PORTFOLIO TURNOVER

 

The Funds generally will invest for long-term trading purposes, although some securities may be held for less than one year. Portfolio securities may be sold without regard to the length of time they have been held when, in the opinion of the Advisor, investment considerations warrant such action. Portfolio turnover rate is calculated by dividing (1) the lesser of purchases or sales of portfolio securities for the fiscal year by (2) the monthly average of the value of portfolio securities owned during the fiscal year. A 100% turnover rate would occur if all the securities in a Fund’s portfolio, with the exception of securities whose maturities at the time of acquisition were one year or less, were sold and either repurchased or replaced within one year. A high rate of portfolio turnover (100% or more) generally leads to higher transaction costs and may result in a greater number of taxable transactions. High portfolio turnover generally results in the distribution of short-term capital gains which are taxed at the higher ordinary income tax rates.

 

S- 30  

 

 

MANAGEMENT

 

The Role of the Board

 

The business of the Trust is managed under the direction of the Board, which provides oversight of the management and operations of the Trust. The Board approves all significant agreements between the Trust and its service providers, including the agreements with the Advisor, distributor, administrator, custodian and transfer agent, each of whom are discussed in greater detail in this SAI. Like all mutual funds and ETFs, the day-to-day responsibility for the management and operation of the Trust, including the day-to-day management of risk, is the responsibility of such service providers to the Trust. The Board is responsible for overseeing the Trust’s service providers and, thus, has oversight responsibility with respect to the risk management performed by those service providers. Risk management seeks to identify and eliminate or mitigate the potential effects of risks such as events or circumstances that could have material adverse effects on the business, operations, shareholder services, investment performance or reputation of the Trust or the Funds. The Board’s role in risk management oversight begins before the inception of an investment portfolio, at which time the Advisor presents the Board with information concerning the investment objectives, strategies and risks of the investment portfolio. Additionally, the Advisor provides the Board with an overview of, among other things, the respective firm’s investment philosophy, brokerage practices and compliance infrastructure. Thereafter, the Board oversees the risk management of the investment portfolio’s operations, in part, by requesting periodic reports from and otherwise communicating with various personnel of the service providers, including the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer (“ CCO ”) and the independent registered public accounting firm of the Trust. The Board and, with respect to identified risks that relate to its scope of expertise, the Audit Committee of the Board, oversee efforts by management and service providers to manage risks to which the Funds may be exposed. In all cases, however, the role of the Board and of any individual Trustee is one of oversight and not of management of the day-to-day affairs of the Trust and its oversight role does not make the Board a guarantor of the Trust’s investments, operations or activities.

 

Under the overall supervision of the Board (discussed in more detail below), the service providers to the Trust employ a variety of processes, procedures and controls to identify risks relevant to the operations of the Trust and the Funds to lessen the probability of their occurrence and/or to mitigate the effects of such events or circumstances if they do occur. Each service provider is responsible for one or more discrete aspects of the Trust’s business and, consequently, for managing the risks associated with that activity.

 

The Board is responsible for overseeing the nature, extent and quality of the services provided to the Funds by the Advisor and receives information about those services at its regular meetings. In addition, on at least an annual basis, in connection with its consideration of whether to renew the Advisory Agreement with the Advisor, the Board receives detailed information from the Advisor. Among other things, the Board regularly considers the Advisor’s adherence to each Fund’s investment restrictions and compliance with various policies and procedures of the Trust and with applicable securities regulations. The Board also reviews information about each Fund’s performance and investments.

 

The Trust’s CCO meets regularly with the Board to review and discuss compliance and other issues. At least annually, the Trust’s CCO provides the Board with a report reviewing the adequacy and effectiveness of the Trust’s policies and procedures and those of its service providers, including the Advisor. The report addresses the operation of the policies and procedures of the Trust and each service provider since the date of the last report; material changes to the policies and procedures since the date of the last report; any recommendations for material changes to the policies and procedures; and material compliance matters since the date of the last report.

 

The Board receives reports from the Trust’s service providers regarding operational risks, portfolio valuation and other matters. Annually, the independent registered public accounting firm reviews with the Audit Committee its audit of the financial statements of the Funds, focusing on major areas of risk encountered by the Trust and noting any significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in the Trust’s internal controls.

 

The Board recognizes that not all risks that may affect the Funds can be identified, that it may not be practical or cost-effective to eliminate or mitigate certain risks, that it may be necessary to bear certain risks (such as investment-related risks) to achieve each Fund’s goals, and that the processes, procedures and controls employed to address certain risks may be limited in their effectiveness. Moreover, despite the periodic reports the Board receives and the Board’s discussions with the service providers to the Trust, it may not be made aware of all of the relevant information of a particular risk. Most of the Trust’s investment management and business affairs are carried out by or through the Advisor and other service providers each of which has an independent interest in risk management

 

S- 31  

 

 

but whose policies and the methods by which one or more risk management functions are carried out may differ from the Trust’s and each other’s in the setting of priorities, the resources available or the effectiveness of relevant controls. As a result of the foregoing and other factors, the Board’s risk management oversight is subject to substantial limitations.

 

There is an Audit Committee and a Nominating Committee of the Board, each of which is comprised solely of Independent Trustees. The chair of the Audit Committee is John Jacobs, an Independent Trustee. The chair of the Nominating Committee is Gene Chao, an Independent Trustee. The Committee chair for each Committee is responsible for running the Committee meeting, formulating agendas for those meetings, and coordinating with management to serve as a liaison between the Independent Trustees and management on matters within the scope of the responsibilities of such Committee as set forth in its Board-approved charter. In accordance with the Board-approved Valuation Procedures, the Board has delegated authority over fair valuation actions to the pricing committee of the Advisor; provided that the Board reviews and considers actions taken by the pricing committee on a periodic basis. The Funds have determined that this leadership structure is appropriate given the specific characteristics and circumstances of the Funds. The Funds made this determination in consideration of, among other things, the fact that the Independent Trustees of the Funds constitute a majority of the Board, the assets under management of the Funds, the number of portfolios overseen by the Board and the total number of trustees on the Board.

 

Trustee Ownership of Fund Shares and Other Interests

 

As of October 2, 2017, no Trustee beneficially owned shares of the Funds.

 

As of October 2, 2017, neither the Independent Trustees nor members of their immediate family, own securities beneficially or of record in the Advisor and the Distributor, as defined below, or an affiliate of the Advisor or the Distributor. Accordingly, neither the Independent Trustees nor members of their immediate family, have direct or indirect interest, the value of which exceeds $120,000, in the Advisor, the Distributor or any of their affiliates.

 

Control Persons, Principal Shareholders, and Management Ownership

 

A principal shareholder is any person who owns of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of a Fund. A control person is one who owns beneficially or through controlled companies more than 25% of the voting securities of a company or acknowledges the existence of control. Shareholders with a controlling interest could affect the outcome of voting or the direction of management of the Funds.

 

Since the Funds were not operational prior to the date of this SAI, there were no principal shareholders or control persons and the Trustees and officers of the Trust as a group did not own more than 1% of the Funds’ outstanding shares.

 

Members of the Board and Officers of the Trust . Set forth below are the names, years of birth, position with the Trust, term of office, portfolios supervised and the principal occupations and other directorships for a minimum of the last five years of each of the persons currently serving as members of the Board and as Executive Officers of the Trust. Also included below is the term of office for each of the Executive Officers of the Trust. The members of the Board serve as Trustees for the life of the Trust or until retirement, removal, or their office is terminated pursuant to the Trust’s Declaration of Trust.

 

S- 32  

 

 

TRUSTEES

 

NAME, ADDRESS
AND YEAR OF BIRTH (a)
  POSITION(S)
WITH FUNDS
  TERM OF
OFFICE AND
LENGTH OF
TIME SERVED
  PRINCIPAL
OCCUPATION(S)
DURING PAST
5 YEARS
  NUMBER OF
PORTFOLIOS
IN FUND
COMPLEX
OVERSEEN
BY TRUSTEE
  OTHER
DIRECTORSHIPS
HELD BY
TRUSTEE
INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES                    
                     
John L. Jacobs
(1959)
  Trustee Term: Unlimited Served as Trustee: since September 2017   Distinguished Policy Fellow and Executive Director, Georgetown University (2015 to Present); Senior Advisor, Nasdaq OMX Group (2015 to 2016); Executive Vice President, Nasdaq OMX Group (2013 to 2015).   4   Horizons ETF
(Recon Capital)
                     
Gene Chao
(1970)
  Trustee   Term: Unlimited Served as Trustee: since September 2017   Global Vice President and Managing Partner, IBM (2017 to Present); Vice President and General Manager, CSC (2013 to 2016).   4   IndexIQ Trust, IndexIQ ETF Trust and IndexIQ Active ETF Trust (2008 to 2015)
                     
INTERESTED TRUSTEE                    
Matthew J. Clements, CPA
(1989)
  Trustee   Term: Unlimited Served as Trustee: since August 2016   Chief Financial Officer and Managing Director, Active Weighting   4   None
    Chairman,
Treasurer and
Chief Financial
Officer, Secretary
  Term: Unlimited Served as Trustee: since September 2017   Advisors LLC (2016 to present); Senior Tax Accountant, Ernst & Young (2013 to 2016).        

 

(a)       The address of each Trustee is c/o Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust, 200 Vesey Street, 24th Floor, New York, NY 10281.

 

S- 33  

 

 

OTHER OFFICERS

 

NAME, ADDRESS  

AND YEAR OF BIRTH (a)  

 

POSITION(S)  

WITH FUNDS  

 

TERM OF
OFFICE AND
LENGTH OF
TIME SERVED  

 

PRINCIPAL
OCCUPATION(S)
DURING PAST
5 YEARS  

             

Jonathon S. Clements 

(1992)

  President   Term: Unlimited Served: since September, 2017  

Chief Executive Officer, Active Weighting Advisors LLC (2016 to present); Global Investment Research Team, Goldman Sachs (2015 to 2016); Student, University of Missouri (2011 to 2014). 

             

Kenneth A. Kalina, CPA 

(1959)

  Chief Compliance Officer   Term: Unlimited Served: since September, 2017   Fund Chief Compliance Officer, Foreside (2017 to Present); Chief Compliance Officer, Henderson Global Funds (2005 to 2017).
             

(a)          The address of each Officer is c/o Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust, 200 Vesey Street, 24th Floor, New York, NY 10281.

 

The Chairman, Matthew J. Clements, CPA, is an interested person of the Trust as that term is defined under Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act (“ Interested Trustee ”) because of his affiliation with the Advisor.

 

Description of Standing Board Committees

 

Audit Committee. The principal responsibilities of the Audit Committee are the appointment, compensation and oversight of the Trust’s independent auditors, including the resolution of disagreements regarding financial reporting between Trust management and such independent auditors. The Audit Committee’s responsibilities include, without limitation, to (i) oversee the accounting and financial reporting processes of the Trust and its internal control over financial reporting and, as the Committee deems appropriate, to inquire into the internal control over financial reporting of certain third-party service providers; (ii) oversee the quality and integrity of the Funds’ financial statements and the independent audits thereof; (iii) oversee, or, as appropriate, assist Board oversight of, the Trust’s compliance with legal and regulatory requirements that relate to the Trust’s accounting and financial reporting, internal control over financial reporting and independent audits; (iv) approve prior to appointment the engagement of the Trust’s independent auditors and, in connection therewith, to review and evaluate the qualifications, independence and performance of the Trust’s independent auditors; and (vi) act as a liaison between the Trust’s independent auditors and the full Board. The Board has adopted a written charter for the Audit Committee. All of the Independent Trustees serve on the Trust’s Audit Committee.

 

Nominating Committee . The Nominating Committee has been established to (i) select and nominate candidates for appointment or election to serve as Trustees who are not “interested persons” of the Trust or its Advisor or Distributor (as defined by the 1940 Act); and (ii) advise the Board on ways to improve its effectiveness. All of the Independent Trustees serve on the Nominating Committee. As stated above, each Trustee holds office for an indefinite term until the occurrence of certain events. In filling Board vacancies, the Nominating Committee will consider nominees recommended by shareholders. Nominee recommendations should be submitted to the Trust at its mailing address stated in the Fund’s Prospectus and should be directed to the attention of the Trust’s Nominating Committee.

 

Individual Trustee Qualifications

 

The Trust has concluded that each of the Trustees should serve on the Board because of their ability to review and understand information about the Trust and the Funds provided to them by management, to identify and request other information they may deem relevant to the performance of their duties, to question management and other service providers regarding material factors bearing on the management and administration of the Funds, and to exercise their business judgment in a manner that serves the best interests of the Funds’ shareholders. The Trust

 

S- 34  

 

 

has concluded that each of the Trustees should serve as a Trustee based on their own experience, qualifications, attributes and skills as described below.

 

The Board has concluded that John Jacobs should serve as Trustee because he is an experienced executive and board member in the financial services industry and has intimate knowledge of the operations of the ETF industry.

 

The Board has concluded that Gene Chao should serve as Trustee because he is an experienced ETF and mutual fund Trustee, and an executive with governance and management responsibilities at a large public enterprise.

 

The Board has concluded that Matthew Clements should serve as Trustee because of the experience he has gained serving as Sole Trustee of the Trust between August 2016 and September 2017, and his prior experience as an accountant with Ernst & Young LLP.

 

Board Compensation

 

Each Independent Trustee receives an annual stipend of $10,000 and reimbursement for all reasonable travel expenses relating to their attendance at the Board Meetings. The chairman of the Audit Committee and Nominating Committee each receive an annual stipend of $1,000. Interested Trustees are not compensated for their service as Trustees or as members of Board committees.

 

Code of Ethics

 

The Trust, the Advisor, and Foreside Financial Group, LLC, on behalf of the Distributor and its affiliates, have adopted Codes of Ethics under Rule 17j-1 of the 1940 Act. These codes of ethics permit, subject to certain conditions, personnel of each of those entities to invest in securities that may be purchased or held by the Funds. They are designed to prevent affiliated persons of the Trust, the Advisor, and the Distributor from engaging in deceptive, manipulative or fraudulent activities in connection with securities held or to be acquired by the Funds (which may also be held by persons subject to a code).

 

There can be no assurance that the codes of ethics will be effective in preventing such activities. Each code of ethics, filed as exhibits to this registration statement, may be examined at the office of the SEC in Washington, D.C. or on the Internet at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

 

PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

 

The Board will adopt Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures (the “ Policies ”) on behalf of the Trust which delegate the responsibility for voting proxies to the Advisor, subject to the Board’s continuing oversight. The Policies require that the Advisor vote proxies received in a manner consistent with the best interests of each Fund and its shareholders. The Policies also require the Advisor to present to the Board, at least annually, the Advisor’s Policies and a record of each proxy voted by the Advisor on behalf of the Funds, including a report on the resolution of all proxies identified by the Advisor as involving a conflict of interest.

 

The Advisor will adopt Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures which provided that proxies on securities will be voted for the exclusive benefit, and in the best economic interest of, the Fund’s shareholders, as determined by the Advisor in good faith, subject to any restrictions or directions of the Fund. Such voting responsibilities will be exercised in a manner that is consistent with the general anti-fraud provisions of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, as well as the Advisor’s fiduciary duties under federal and state law to act in the best interest of its clients.

 

On certain routine proposals (for example, those which do not change the structures, bylaws or operations of a company), the Advisor will generally vote in the manner recommended by management. Non-routine proposals, (such as those affecting corporate governance, compensation and other corporate events) and shareholder proposals, will generally be reviewed on a case-by-case basis. The Advisor expects to engage an unbiased third party proxy voting service to make proxy voting recommendations to the Advisor. The Advisor will generally vote proxies in accordance with these recommendations, but reserves the right to exercise its own judgment on a case-by-case basis.

 

S- 35  

 

 

If the Advisor determines that voting a particular proxy would create a material conflict of interest between its interest or the interests of any of its affiliated parties and the interests of the Fund, the Advisor will vote such proxy based upon the recommendations of the independent third party proxy voting service.

 

The Trust is required to file a Form N-PX, with each Fund’s complete proxy voting record for the 12 months ended June 30, no later than August 31 of each year. Each Fund’s proxy voting record will be available without charge, upon request, by calling toll-free 1-877-539-1510 and on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

 

CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES

 

A control person is one who owns beneficially or through controlled companies more than 25% of the voting securities of a Fund or acknowledges the existence of control. As of the date of this SAI, the Funds are newly formed and do not have any shares outstanding.

 

MANAGEMENT SERVICES

 

The following information supplements and should be read in conjunction with the section in the Prospectus entitled “Management.”

 

Advisor

 

Active Weighting Advisors LLC acts as investment adviser to the Funds pursuant to an investment advisory agreement (“ Advisory Agreement ”) with the Trust. As of December 31, 2016, the Advisor was newly formed for the purpose of advising the Funds and had no other accounts under management. The Advisor anticipates that it will manage accounts other than the Funds. The Advisor’s principal office is located at 200 Vesey Street, 24th Floor, New York, NY 10281.

 

The Advisor is responsible for the day-to-day management of the Funds in accordance with each Fund’s investment objectives and policies. The Advisor also furnishes the Funds with office space and certain administrative services and provides most of the personnel needed to fulfill the obligations of the investment advisory agreement. The Advisor will be responsible for the purchase and sale of securities held by each Fund.

 

Under the Advisory Agreement, the Advisor agrees to pay all expenses of the Trust, except (i) brokerage expenses and other expenses (such as stamp taxes) connected with the execution of portfolio transactions or in connection with creation and redemption transactions; (ii) legal fees or expenses in connection with any arbitration, litigation or pending or threatened arbitration or litigation, including any settlements in connection therewith; (iii) compensation and expenses of the Independent Trustees; (iv) compensation and expenses of counsel to the Independent Trustees, (iv) compensation and expenses of the Trust’s chief compliance officer; (v) extraordinary expenses; (vi) distribution fees and expenses paid by the Trust under any distribution plan adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act; and (vii) the advisory fee payable to the Advisor hereunder.

 

As compensation for its services and its assumption of certain expenses, each Fund pays the Advisor a management fee equal to an annualized percentage of a Fund’s average daily net assets that is calculated daily and paid monthly, as follows:

 

Fund Name Management Fee
Republican Policies Fund 0.75%
Democratic Policies Fund 0.75%
U.S. Tax Reform Fund 0.85%
European Union Breakup Fund 0.85%

 

The Advisor may voluntarily waive any portion of its advisory fee from time to time, and may discontinue or modify any such voluntary limitations in the future at its discretion. The Advisor has entered into an Expense Limitation Agreement with respect to each Fund under which it has agreed, through October 31, 2018, to waive or reduce its fees and to assume other expenses of such Fund, if necessary, in an amount that limits ‘‘Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses’’ (exclusive of interest, taxes and governmental fees, brokerage fees, commissions,

 

S- 36  

 

 

acquired fund fees, dividend payments on short sales, other expenditures which are capitalized in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, other extraordinary expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of a Fund’s business, and amounts, if any, payable pursuant to a plan adopted in accordance with Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940) to not more than 0.75% of the average daily net assets for the Republican Policies Fund and Democratic Policies Fund and 0.85% of the average daily net assets for the U.S. Tax Reform Fund and European Union Breakup Fund. The Expense Limitation Agreement may be extended by mutual agreement of the Advisor and a Fund. A Fund may terminate the Expense Limitation Agreement at any time. The Advisor may also terminate the Expense Limitation Agreement at the end of the then-current term upon not less than 90 days’ notice to the Fund as set forth in the Expense Limitation Agreement. The terms of the Expense Limitation Agreement may be revised upon renewal.

 

As investment advisor, Active Weighting Advisors LLC provides investment management services to the Funds and may also provide management services to other funds or accounts, including additional publicly traded funds on the Bats BZX, using analysis, research, processes and systems similar to those used in the management of the Funds. As a result, securities selected for the Funds may also be appropriate for, and owned in, other accounts under the Advisor’s management.

 

After its initial two year term, the Advisory Agreement continues in effect for successive annual periods so long as such continuation is specifically approved at least annually by the vote of (1) the Board (or a majority of the outstanding shares of the Funds), and (2) a majority of the Trustees who are not interested persons of any party to the Advisory Agreement, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval. The Advisory Agreement may be terminated at any time, without penalty, by either party to the Advisory Agreement upon a 60-day written notice and is automatically terminated in the event of its “assignment,” as defined in the 1940 Act.

 

Portfolio Managers

 

The Advisor manages the Funds using a team of investment professionals. Subject to the supervision of the Board, the Advisor will supervise and manage the investment portfolios of the Fund and will direct the purchase and sale of its investments. The team meets regularly to review portfolio holdings and to discuss purchase and sale activity. The team adjusts holdings in the portfolio as they deem appropriate in the pursuit of the Fund’s investment objective.

 

The professional who is currently primarily responsible for the day-to-day portfolio management of each Fund is Benjamin Phillips, CFA. Mr. Phillips is Chief Investment Officer of the Advisor with prior professional investing experience at Goldman Sachs, Benefit Street Partners and Lord Abbett. Mr. Phillips is also the Chairman of the Advisor’s investment committee and its Head of Portfolio Management. Mr. Phillips has no prior experience managing a portfolio of securities on behalf of an ETF.

 

The following table lists the number and types of accounts managed by each of the key professionals involved in the day-to-day portfolio management for each Fund and assets under management in those accounts.

 

Other Accounts Managed as of October 2, 2017

 

Portfolio Manager Registered Investment Company Accounts Assets Managed (millions) Pooled Investment Vehicle Accounts Assets Managed (millions) Other Accounts Assets Managed (millions)
Benjamin Phillips 0 $0 0 $0 0 $0

 

OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS

 

Fund Administrator, Custodian, Transfer Agent and Securities Lending Agent

 

The Bank of New York Mellon (“ BNYMellon ”), located at 101 Barclay Street, New York, New York

 

S- 37  

 

 

10286, serves as administrator, transfer agent and securities lending agent. Pursuant to a Fund Administration Servicing Agreement and a Fund Accounting Servicing Agreement between the Trust and BNYMellon, BNYMellon provides the Trust with administrative and management services (other than investment advisory services) and accounting services, including portfolio accounting services, tax accounting services and furnishing financial reports. In this capacity, BNYMellon does not have any responsibility or authority for the management of the Funds, the determination of investment policy, or for any matter pertaining to the distribution of Funds’ Shares. As compensation for the administration, accounting and management services, the Advisor pays BNYMellon a fee based on each Fund’s average daily net assets, subject to a minimum annual fee, as well as certain out-of-pocket expenses, including pricing expenses. The Funds are new, and the Advisor has not paid BNYMellon any fees for services to the Funds as of the date of this SAI.

 

Pursuant to a Custody Agreement, BNYMellon serves as the custodian of the Funds’ assets. The custodian holds and administers Fund assets. Pursuant to the Custody Agreement, the custodian receives an annual fee from the Advisor based on the Trust’s total average daily net assets, subject to a minimum annual fee and certain settlement charges. The custodian also is entitled to certain out-of-pocket expenses.

 

The Funds’ securities lending agent is BNYMellon. BNYMellon receives a fee for its services as securities lending agent. Investments of the cash collateral received from borrowers of the Funds’ securities are made by BNYMellon in accordance with applicable guidelines.

 

Distributor

 

Foreside Fund Services, LLC (the “ Distributor ”) the Funds’ distributor, is located at Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME 04101. The Distributor is a broker-dealer registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “ Exchange Act ”), and a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“ FINRA ”).

 

Shares will be continuously offered for sale by the Trust through the Distributor only in whole Creation Units, as described in the section of this SAI entitled “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units.” The Distributor also acts as an agent for the Trust. The Distributor will deliver a prospectus to persons purchasing Shares in Creation Units and will maintain records of both orders placed with it and confirmations of acceptance furnished by it. The Distributor has no role in determining the investment policies of the Funds or which securities are to be purchased or sold by the Funds.

 

The Board has adopted a Distribution and Service Plan pursuant to Rule 12b-1 (“ Rule 12b-1 Plan ”) under the 1940 Act. No Rule 12b-1 fees are currently paid by the Funds and there are no plans to impose these fees. See “Distribution and Service Plan” below.

 

The Advisor and its affiliates may, out of their own resources, pay amounts to third parties for distribution or marketing services on behalf of the Funds. The making of these payments could create a conflict of interest for a financial intermediary receiving such payments.

 

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

The Trustees have selected the firm of Ernst & Young LLP, 5 Times Square, New York, New York 10036, to serve as the independent registered public accounting firm for the Funds for the current fiscal year and to audit the annual financial statements of the Funds, prepare the Funds’ federal, state and excise tax returns, and consult with the Funds on matters of accounting and federal and state income taxation. The independent registered public accounting firm will audit the financial statements of the Funds at least once each year. Shareholders will receive annual audited and semi-annual (unaudited) reports when published and written confirmation of all transactions in their account. A copy of the most recent Annual Report will accompany the SAI whenever a shareholder or a prospective investor requests it.

 

Legal Counsel

 

Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP, 250 West 55 th Street, New York, NY 10019, serves as legal counsel to the Trust.

 

S- 38  

 

   

PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE

 

Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, the Advisor determines which securities are to be purchased and sold by the Funds and which broker-dealers are eligible to execute the Funds’ portfolio transactions. Purchases and sales of securities in the over-the-counter market will generally be executed directly with a “market-maker” unless, in the opinion of the Advisor, a better price and execution can otherwise be obtained by using a broker for the transaction.

 

Purchases of portfolio securities for the Funds also may be made directly from issuers or from underwriters. Where possible, purchase and sale transactions will be effected through dealers (including banks) which specialize in the types of securities which the Funds will be holding, unless better executions are available elsewhere. Dealers and underwriters usually act as principal for their own accounts. Purchases from underwriters will include a concession paid by the issuer to the underwriter and purchases from dealers will include the spread between the bid and the asked price. If the execution and price offered by more than one dealer or underwriter are comparable, the order may be allocated to a dealer or underwriter that has provided research or other services as discussed below.

 

In placing portfolio transactions, the Advisor will seek best execution. The full range and quality of services available will be considered in making these determinations, such as the size of the order, the difficulty of execution, the operational facilities of the firm involved, and the firm’s risk in positioning a block of securities and other factors. In those instances where it is reasonably determined that more than one broker-dealer can offer the services needed to obtain the most favorable price and execution available, consideration may be given to those broker-dealers which furnish or supply research and statistical information to the Advisor that it may lawfully and appropriately use in its investment advisory capacities, as well as provide other services in addition to execution services. The Advisor considers such information, which is in addition to and not in lieu of the services required to be performed by it under its Agreement with the Funds, to be useful in varying degrees, but of indeterminable value. Portfolio transactions may be placed with broker-dealers who sell shares of the Funds subject to rules adopted by FINRA and the SEC.

 

While it is the Funds’ general policy to first seek to obtain the most favorable price and execution available in selecting a broker-dealer to execute portfolio transactions for the Funds, in accordance with Section 28(e) under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, when it is determined that more than one broker can deliver best execution, weight is also given to the ability of a broker-dealer to furnish brokerage and research services to the Funds or to the Advisor, even if the specific services are not directly useful to the Funds and may be useful to the Advisor in advising other clients. In negotiating commissions with a broker or evaluating the spread to be paid to a dealer, the Funds may therefore pay a higher commission or spread than would be the case if no weight were given to the furnishing of these supplemental services, provided that the amount of such commission or spread has been determined in good faith by the Advisor to be reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and/or research services provided by such broker-dealer.

 

The practice of using a portion of a Fund’s commission dollars to pay for brokerage and research services provided to the Advisor is sometimes referred to as “soft dollars.” Section 28(e) is sometimes referred to as a “safe harbor,” because it permits this practice, subject to a number of restrictions, including the Advisor’s compliance with certain procedural requirements and limitations on the type of brokerage and research services that qualify for the safe harbor.

 

Research products and services may include, but are not limited to, general economic, political, business and market information and reviews, industry and company information and reviews, evaluations of securities and recommendations as to the purchase and sale of securities, financial data on a company or companies, performance and risk measuring services and analysis, stock price quotation services, computerized historical financial databases and related software, credit rating services, analysis of corporate responsibility issues, brokerage analysts’ earnings estimates, computerized links to current market data, software dedicated to research, and portfolio modeling. Research services may be provided in the form of reports, computer-generated data feeds and other services, telephone contacts, and personal meetings with securities analysts, as well as in the form of meetings arranged with corporate officers and industry spokespersons, economists, academics and governmental representatives. Brokerage products and services assist in the execution, clearance and settlement of securities transactions, as well as functions

 

S- 39  

 

 

incidental thereto, including but not limited to related communication and connectivity services and equipment, software related to order routing, market access, algorithmic trading, and other trading activities. On occasion, a broker-dealer may furnish the Advisor with a service that has a mixed use (that is, the service is used both for brokerage and research activities that are within the safe harbor and for other activities). In this case, the Advisor is required to reasonably allocate the cost of the service, so that any portion of the service that does not qualify for the safe harbor is paid for by the Advisor from its own funds, and not by portfolio commissions paid by the Fund.

 

Research products and services provided to the Advisor by broker-dealers that effect securities transactions for the Funds may be used by the Advisor in servicing all of its Funds. Accordingly, not all of these services may be used by the Advisor in connection with the Funds. Some of these products and services are also available to the Advisor for cash, and some do not have an explicit cost or determinable value. The research received does not reduce the advisory fees paid to the Advisor for services provided to the Funds. The Advisor’s expenses would likely increase if the Advisor had to generate these research products and services through its own efforts, or if it paid for these products or services itself.

 

Investment decisions for the Funds are made independently from those of other Funds managed or advised by the Advisor. Nevertheless, it is possible that at times identical securities will be acceptable for multiple Funds. In such event, the position of the Funds and such client account(s) or mutual funds in the same issuer may vary and the length of time that each may choose to hold its investment in the same issuer may likewise vary. However, to the extent any of these Funds seek to acquire the same security as the Funds at the same time, each Fund may not be able to acquire as large a portion of such security as it desires, or it may have to pay a higher price or obtain a lower yield for such security. Similarly, the Funds may not be able to obtain as high a price for, or as large an execution of, an order to sell any particular security at the same time. If one or more Funds simultaneously purchases or sells the same, each day’s transactions in such security will be allocated between the respective Funds in a manner deemed equitable by the Advisor, taking into account the respective sizes of the Funds and the amount of cash available for investment, the investment objective of the Fund, and the ease with which a Fund’s appropriate amount can be bought, as well as the liquidity and volatility of the account and the urgency involved in making an investment decision for the client. It is recognized that in some cases this system could have a detrimental effect on the price or value of the security insofar as the Funds are concerned. In other cases, however, it is believed that the ability of a Fund to participate in volume transactions may produce better executions for the Fund.

 

The Funds will not deal with affiliates in principal transactions unless permitted by exemptive order or applicable rule or regulation. The aggregate dollar amount of brokerage commissions paid by the Funds for the last three fiscal years have been omitted because the Funds have not commenced investment operations as of the date of this SAI.

 

Each Fund is required to identify any securities of its “regular brokers and dealers” (as such term is defined in the 1940 Act) which it may hold at the close of its most recent fiscal year. “Regular brokers or dealers” of the Trust are the ten brokers or dealers that, during the most recent fiscal year: (i) received the greatest dollar amounts of brokerage commissions from the Fund’s portfolio transactions; (ii) engaged as principal in the largest dollar amounts of portfolio transactions of the Funds; or (iii) sold the largest dollar amounts of the Funds Shares.

 

Holdings in Securities of Regular Broker-Dealers for the most recent fiscal year have been omitted because the Funds have not commenced investment operations as of the date of this SAI.

 

Frequent Trading

 

The Board has not adopted policies and procedures with respect to frequent purchases and redemptions of Fund Shares by Fund shareholders (“ market timing ”). In determining not to adopt market timing policies and procedures, the Board noted that the Funds are expected to be attractive to active institutional and retail investors interested in buying and selling Fund Shares on a short-term basis. In addition, the Board considered that, unlike traditional mutual funds, a Fund’s Shares can only be purchased and redeemed directly from the Fund in Creation Units by Authorized Participants, and that the vast majority of trading in a Fund’s Shares occurs on the Secondary Market. Because Secondary Market trades do not involve a Fund directly, it is unlikely those trades would cause many of the harmful effects of market timing, including dilution, disruption of portfolio management, increases in a Fund’s trading cots and the realization of capital gains. With respect to trades directly with the Funds, to the extent

 

S- 40  

 

 

effected in kind (namely, for securities), those trades do not cause any of the harmful effects that may result from frequent cash trades. To the extent trades are effected in whole or in part in cash, the Board noted that those trades could result in dilution to a Fund and increased transaction costs (a Fund may impose higher transaction fees to offset these increased costs), which could negatively impact the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. However, the Board noted that direct trading on a short-term basis by Authorized Participants is critical to ensuring that a Fund’s Shares trade at or close to NAV. Given this structure, the Board determined that it is not necessary to adopt market timing policies and procedures. Each Fund reserves the right to reject any purchase order at any time and reserves the right to impose restrictions on disruptive or excessive trading in Creation Units.

 

The Board has instructed the officers of the Trust to review reports of purchases and redemptions of Creation Units on a regular basis to determine if there is any unusual trading in the Funds.

 

The officers of the Trust will report to the Board any such unusual trading in Creation Units that is disruptive to the Funds. In such event, the Board may reconsider its decision not to adopt market timing policies and procedures.

 

DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS

 

Portfolio Disclosure Policy

 

The Trust has adopted a Portfolio Holdings Policy (the “ Policy ”) designed to govern the disclosure of Fund portfolio holdings and the use of material non-public information about Fund holdings. The Policy applies to all officers, employees and agents of the Funds, including the Advisor. The Policy is designed to ensure that the disclosure of information about each Fund’s portfolio holdings is consistent with applicable legal requirements and otherwise in the best interest of each Fund.

 

As ETFs, information about each Fund’s portfolio holdings is made available on a daily basis in accordance with the provisions of any Order of the SEC applicable to the Funds, regulations of the Funds’ listing Exchange and other applicable SEC regulations, orders and no-action relief. Such information typically reflects all or a portion of a Fund’s anticipated portfolio holdings as of the next Business Day (as defined below). This information is used in connection with the creation and redemption process and is disseminated on a daily basis through the facilities of the Exchange, the National Securities Clearing Corporation (the “ NSCC ”) and/or third party service providers.

 

Each Fund will disclose on the Funds’ website www.eventshares.com at the start of each Business Day the identities and quantities of the securities and other assets held by each Fund that will form the basis of the Fund’s calculation of its NAV on that Business Day. The portfolio holdings so disclosed will be based on information as of the close of business on the prior Business Day and/or trades that have been completed prior to the opening of business on that Business Day and that are expected to settle on the Business Day. Online disclosure of such holdings is publicly available at no charge.

 

Daily access to each Fund’s portfolio holdings is permitted to personnel of the Advisor, the Distributor and the Funds’ administrator, custodian and accountant and other agents or service providers of the trust who have need of such information in connection with the ordinary course of their respective duties to the Funds.

 

Each Fund will disclose its complete portfolio holdings schedule in public filings with the SEC on a quarterly basis, based on the Fund’s fiscal year, within sixty (60) days of the end of the quarter, and will provide that information to shareholders, as required by federal securities laws and regulations thereunder.

 

No person is authorized to disclose a Fund’s portfolio holdings or other investment positions except in accordance with the Policy. The Trust’s Board reviews the implementation of the Policy on a periodic basis. 

 

DISTRIBUTION AND SERVICE PLAN

 

The Board has adopted a Rule 12b-1 Plan. In accordance with its Rule 12b-1 Plan, each Fund is authorized to pay an amount up to 0.25% of its average daily net assets each year to finance activities primarily intended to result in the sale of Creation Units of each Fund or the provision of investor services. No Rule 12b-1 fees are

 

S- 41  

 

 

currently paid (or will, for the first 12 months after the effective date of the registration statement of which this SAI is a part, be paid) by the Funds and there are no plans to impose these fees. However, in the event Rule 12b-1 fees are charged in the future, they will be paid out of the respective Fund’s assets, and over time these fees will increase the cost of your investment and they may cost you more than certain other types of sales charges.

 

Under the Rule 12b-1 Plan, and as required by Rule 12b-1, the Board will receive and review after the end of each calendar quarter a written report provided by the Distributor of the amounts expended under the Rule 12b-1 Plan and the purpose for which such expenditures were made.

 

The Advisor and its affiliates may, out of their own resources, pay amounts to third parties for the distribution or marketing services on behalf of the Funds. The making of these payments could create a conflict of interest for a financial intermediary receiving such payments.

 

INDICATIVE INTRA-DAY VALUE

 

The approximate value of the Funds’ investments on a per-Share basis, the Indicative Intra-Day Value or IIV, is disseminated by the Exchange every 15 seconds during hours of trading on the Exchange. The IIV should not be viewed as a “real-time” update of NAV because the IIV will be calculated by an independent third party calculator and may not be calculated in the exact same manner as NAV, which is computed daily.

 

Solactive AG calculates the IIV for each Fund during hours of trading on the Exchange by dividing the “Estimated Fund Value” as of the time of the calculation by the total number of outstanding Shares of such Fund. “Estimated Fund Value” is the sum of the estimated amount of cash held in a Fund’s portfolio, the estimated amount of accrued interest owing to a Fund and the estimated value of the securities held in a Fund’s portfolio, minus the estimated amount of liabilities. The IIV will be calculated based on the same portfolio holdings disclosed on the Funds’ website at www.eventshares.com. In determining the estimated value for each of the component securities, the IIV will use last sale, market prices or other methods that would be considered appropriate for pricing equity securities held by registered investment companies.

 

Although the Funds provide the independent third party calculator with information to calculate the IIV, the Funds are not involved in the actual calculation of the IIV and are not responsible for the calculation or dissemination of the IIV. The Funds make no warranty as to the accuracy of the IIV.

 

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONCERNING SHARES

 

Organization and Description of Shares of Beneficial Interest

 

The Trust is a Delaware statutory trust and is a registered investment company. The Trust was organized on August 28, 2016, and has authorized capital of an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest of no par value that may be issued in more than one class or series.

 

Under Delaware law, the Trust is not required to hold an annual shareholders meeting if the 1940 Act does not require such a meeting. Generally, there will not be annual meetings of Trust shareholders. If requested by shareholders of at least 10% of the outstanding Shares of the Trust, the Trust will call a meeting of the Trust’s shareholders for the purpose of voting upon the question of removal of a Trustee and will assist in communications with other Trust shareholders. Shareholders holding two-thirds of Shares outstanding may remove Trustees from office by votes cast at a meeting of Trust shareholders or by written consent.

 

All Shares will be freely transferable; provided, however, that Shares may not be redeemed individually, but only in Creation Units. The Shares will not have preemptive rights or cumulative voting rights, and none of the Shares will have any preference to conversion, exchange, dividends, retirements, liquidation, redemption or any other feature. Shares have equal voting rights, except that, if the Trust creates additional funds, only Shares of that fund may be entitled to vote on a matter affecting that particular fund. Trust shareholders are entitled to require the Trust to redeem Creation Units if such shareholders are Authorized Participants. The Declaration of Trust confers upon the Board the power, by resolution, to alter the number of Shares constituting a Creation Unit or to specify that Shares of the Trust may be individually redeemable. The Trust reserves the right to adjust the stock prices of Shares

 

S- 42  

 

 

to maintain convenient trading ranges for investors. Any such adjustments would be accomplished through stock splits or reverse stock splits which would have no effect on the net assets of the Funds.

 

The Trust’s Declaration of Trust disclaims liability of the shareholders or the officers of the Trust for acts or obligations of the Trust which are binding only on the assets and property of the Trust. The Declaration of Trust provides for indemnification by the Trust for all loss and expense of the Funds’ shareholders held personally liable for the obligations of the Trust. The risk of a Trust’s shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which the Funds themselves would not be able to meet the Trust’s obligations and this risk should be considered remote. If a Fund does not grow to a size to permit it to be economically viable, the Fund may cease operations. In such an event, shareholders may be required to liquidate or transfer their Shares at an inopportune time and shareholders may lose money on their investment.

 

Book Entry Only System

 

The Depository Trust Company (“ DTC ”) will act as securities depositary for the Shares. The Shares of the Fund are represented by global securities registered in the name of DTC or its nominee and deposited with, or on behalf of, DTC. Except as provided below, certificates will not be issued for Shares.

 

DTC has advised the Trust as follows: DTC, the world’s largest securities depository, is a limited-purpose trust company organized under the New York Banking Law, a member of the Federal Reserve System, a “clearing corporation” within the meaning of the New York Uniform Commercial Code and a “clearing agency” registered pursuant to the provisions of Section 17A of the Exchange Act. DTC holds and provides asset servicing for over 3.5 million issues of U.S. and non-U.S. equity issues, corporate and municipal debt issues and money market instruments (from over 100 countries). DTC was created to hold securities of its participants (“ DTC Participants ”) and to facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities transactions among the DTC Participants in such securities through electronic computerized book-entry transfers and pledges in accounts of DTC Participants, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of securities certificates. DTC Participants include both U.S. and non-U.S. securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain other organizations. DTC is a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation (“ DTCC ”). DTCC is the holding company for DTC, the NSCC and Debt Clearing Corporation, all of which are registered clearing agencies. DTCC is owned by the users of its regulated subsidiaries. More specifically, DTCC is owned by a number of its DTC Participants and by the Bats BZX and FINRA.

 

Access to the DTC system is also available to others such as both U.S. and non-U.S. securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies and clearing corporations that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a DTC Participant, either directly or indirectly (“ Indirect Participants ”). DTC agrees with and represents to DTC Participants that it will administer its book-entry system in accordance with its rules and bylaws and requirements of law. Beneficial ownership of Shares will be limited to DTC Participants, Indirect Participants and persons holding interests through DTC Participants and Indirect Participants. Ownership of beneficial interests in Shares (owners of such beneficial interests are referred to herein as “ Beneficial Owners ”) will be shown on, and the transfer of ownership will be effected only through, records maintained by DTC (with respect to DTC Participants) and on the records of DTC Participants (with respect to Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners that are not DTC Participants). Beneficial Owners will receive from or through DTC Participant a written confirmation relating to their purchase of Shares. The laws of some jurisdictions may require that certain purchasers of securities take physical delivery of such securities in definitive form. Such laws may impair the ability of certain investors to acquire beneficial interests in Shares.

 

Beneficial Owners of Shares will not be entitled to have Shares registered in their names, will not receive or be entitled to receive physical delivery of certificates in definitive form and are not considered the registered holders of the Shares. Accordingly, each Beneficial Owner must rely on the procedures of DTC, DTC Participants and any Indirect Participants through which such Beneficial Owner holds its interests in order to exercise any rights of a holder of Shares. The Trust understands that under existing industry practice, in the event the Trust requests any action of holders of Shares, or a Beneficial Owner desires to take any action that DTC, as the record owner of all outstanding Shares, is entitled to take, DTC would authorize the DTC Participants to take such action and that the DTC Participants would authorize the Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners acting through such DTC Participants to take such action and would otherwise act upon the instructions of Beneficial Owners owning through

 

S- 43  

 

 

them. DTC, through its nominee Cede & Co., is the record owner of all outstanding Shares.

 

Conveyance of all notices, statements and other communications to Beneficial Owners will be effected as follows. DTC will make available to the Trust upon request and for a fee to be charged to the Trust a listing of Shares holdings of each DTC Participant. The Trust shall inquire of each such DTC Participant as to the number of Beneficial Owners holding Shares, directly or indirectly, through such DTC Participant. The Trust will provide each such DTC Participant with copies of such notice, statement or other communication, in such form, number and at such place as such DTC Participant may reasonably request, in order that such notice, statement or communication may be transmitted by such DTC Participant, directly or indirectly, to such Beneficial Owners. In addition, the Trust shall pay to each such DTC Participant a fair and reasonable amount as reimbursement for the expenses attendant to such transmittal, all subject to applicable statutory and regulatory requirements. Beneficial Owners may wish to take certain steps to augment the transmission to them of notices of significant events with respect to Shares by providing their names and addresses to the DTC registrar and request that copies of notices be provided directly to them.

 

Distributions of Shares shall be made to DTC or its nominee, Cede & Co., as the registered holder of all Shares. DTC or its nominee, upon receipt of any such distributions, shall immediately credit DTC Participants’ accounts with payments in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in Shares as shown on the records of DTC or its nominee. Payments by DTC Participants to Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners of Shares held through such DTC Participants will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices, as is now the case with securities held for the accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in a “street name,” and will be the responsibility of such DTC Participants. The Trust has no responsibility or liability for any aspects of the records relating to or notices to Beneficial Owners, or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests in such Shares, or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests or for any other aspect of the relationship between DTC and the DTC Participants or the relationship between such DTC Participants and the Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners owning through such DTC Participants.

 

DTC may determine to discontinue providing its service with respect to Shares at any time by giving reasonable notice to the Trust and discharging its responsibilities with respect thereto under applicable law. Under such circumstances, the Trust shall take action either to find a replacement for DTC to perform its functions at a comparable cost or, if such a replacement is unavailable, to issue and deliver printed certificates representing ownership of Shares, unless the Trust makes other arrangements with respect thereto satisfactory to the Exchange.

 

DTC rules applicable to DTC Participants are on file with the SEC. More information about DTC can be found at www.dtcc.com and www.dtc.org.

 

PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION OF CREATION UNITS

 

Creation Units

 

The Trust issues and sells Shares of each Fund only in Creation Units on a continuous basis on any Business Day through the Distributor at the Shares’ NAV next determined after receipt of an order in proper form. The Distributor processes purchase orders only on a day that the Exchange is open for trading (a “ Business Day ”). The Exchange is open for trading Monday through Friday except for the following holidays: New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day.

 

Generally, the Trust will issue and sell Creation Units at NAV for “in kind” consideration, meaning the initiator of a creation or redemption order will deposit or receive as consideration a portfolio of all or some of the securities held in the relevant Fund’s portfolio, plus a cash amount (an “ In Kind Creation ” and “ In Kind Redemption ”). At the discretion of the Advisor, the Fund may elect at any time, and from time to time, that the consideration for the purchase and redemption of Creation Units will be made entirely in a cash amount equal to the NAV of the shares that constitute the Creation Unit(s) (an “ All Cash Amount ”).

 

S- 44  

 

 

Creation Orders

 

The consideration for an In Kind Creation generally consists of the Deposit Securities for each Creation Unit constituting a substantial replication, or representation, of the securities included in the relevant Fund’s portfolio as selected by the Advisor (“ Fund Securities ”) and the Cash Component computed as described below. Together, the Deposit Securities and the Cash Component constitute the “ Fund Deposit ,” which represents the minimum investment amount for a Creation Unit of a Fund. The Cash Component serves to compensate the Trust or the Authorized Participant, as applicable, for any differences between the NAV per Creation Unit and the Deposit Amount (as defined below). The Cash Component is an amount equal to the difference between the NAV of the Fund Shares (per Creation Unit) and the “ Deposit Amount ,” an amount equal to the market value of the Deposit Securities. If the Cash Component is a positive number (i.e., the NAV per Creation Unit exceeds the Deposit Amount), the Authorized Participant will deliver the Cash Component. If the Cash Component is a negative number (i.e., the NAV per Creation Unit is less than the Deposit Amount), the Authorized Participant will receive the Cash Component.

 

In addition, the Trust reserves the right to permit or require the substitution of an amount of cash (that is a “cash in lieu” amount) to be added to the Cash Component to replace any Deposit Security which may not be available in sufficient quantity for delivery or that may not be eligible for transfer through the systems of DTC or the Clearing Process (discussed below) or for other similar reasons. The Trust also reserves the right to permit or require a “cash in lieu” amount where the delivery of Deposit Securities by the Authorized Participant (as described below) would be restricted under the securities laws or where delivery of Deposit Securities to the Authorized Participant would result in the disposition of Deposit Securities by the Authorized Participant becoming restricted under the securities laws, and in certain other situations.

 

The Custodian through the NSCC (see the section of this SAI entitled “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units—Procedures for Creation of Creation Units”), makes available on each Business Day, prior to the opening of business on the Exchange (currently 9:30 a.m. New York time), the list of the name and the required number of shares of each Deposit Security (if any) to be included in the current Fund Deposit (based on information at the end of the previous Business Day) for each Fund. This Fund Deposit is applicable, subject to any adjustments as described below, to orders to effect creations of Creation Units of the Fund until such time as the next-announced composition of the Deposit Securities is made available, or unless the Advisor elects to receive an All Cash Amount in connection with the creation of Creation Units.

 

The identity and number of shares of the Deposit Securities required for a Fund Deposit for each Fund changes as rebalancing adjustments and corporate action events are reflected within the Fund from time to time by the Advisor, with a view to the investment objective of the Fund. In addition, the Trust reserves the right to permit the substitution of an amount of cash – i.e., a “cash in lieu” amount – to be added to the Cash Component to replace any Deposit Security that may not be available in sufficient quantity for delivery or that may not be eligible for transfer through the systems of DTC or the Clearing Process (discussed below), or which might not be eligible for trading by an Authorized Participant (as defined below) or the investor for which it is acting or other relevant reason. In addition to the list of names and number of securities constituting the current Deposit Securities of a Fund Deposit, the Custodian, through the NSCC, also makes available on each Business Day the estimated Cash Component, effective through and including the previous Business Day, per outstanding Creation Unit of the Fund.

 

The process for a creation order involving an All Cash Amount will be the same as the process for an In Kind Creation, except that the Cash Component will be the entirety of the amount deposited as consideration for the Creation Unit(s).

 

Procedures for Creation of Creation Units

 

All orders to create Creation Units must be placed with the Distributor either (1) through Continuous Net Settlement System of the NSCC (“ Clearing Process ”), a clearing agency that is registered with the SEC, by a “ Participating Party ,” i.e., a broker-dealer or other participant in the Clearing Process; or (2) outside the Clearing Process by a DTC Participant (see the section of this SAI entitled “Additional Information Concerning Shares—Book Entry Only System”). In each case, the Participating Party or the DTC Participant must have executed an agreement with the Distributor with respect to creations and redemptions of Creation Units (“ Participant Agreement ”); such parties are collectively referred to as “ APs ” or “ Authorized Participants .” Investors should contact the Distributor for the names of Authorized Participants. All Fund Shares, whether created through or

 

S- 45  

 

 

outside the Clearing Process, will be entered on the records of DTC in the name of Cede & Co. for the account of a DTC Participant.

 

The Distributor will process orders to purchase Creation Units received by U.S. mail, telephone, facsimile and other electronic means of communication by the closing time of the regular trading session on the Exchange (“ Closing Time ”) (normally 4:00 p.m. New York time), as long as they are in proper form. Mail is received periodically throughout the day. An order sent by U.S. mail will be opened and time stamped when it is received. If an order to purchase Creation Units is received in proper form by Closing Time, then it will be processed that day. Purchase orders received in proper form after Closing Time will be processed on the following Business Day and will be priced at the NAV determined on that day. Custom orders must be received by the Distributor no later than 3:00 p.m. New York time on the trade date. In the case of an In Kind Creation, a custom order may be placed by an Authorized Participant in the event that the Trust permits the substitution of an amount of cash to be added to the Cash Component to replace any Deposit Security which may not be available in sufficient quantity for delivery or which may not be eligible for trading by such Authorized Participant or the investor for which it is acting or other relevant reason. The date on which an order to create Creation Units (or an order to redeem Creation Units, as discussed below) is placed is referred to as the “Transmittal Date.” Orders must be transmitted by an Authorized Participant by telephone or other transmission method acceptable to the Distributor pursuant to procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement, as described below in the sections of this SAI entitled “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units—Placement of Creation Orders Using the Clearing Process” and “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units—Placement of Creation Orders Outside the Clearing Process.”

 

All orders to create Creation Units from investors who are not Authorized Participants shall be placed with an Authorized Participant in the form required by such Authorized Participant. In addition, the Authorized Participant may request the investor to make certain representations or enter into agreements with respect to the order, e.g., to provide for payments of cash, when required. Investors should be aware that their particular broker may not have executed a Participant Agreement and, therefore, orders to create Creation Units of a Fund have to be placed by the investor’s broker through an Authorized Participant that has executed a Participant Agreement. In such cases there may be additional charges to such investor. At any given time, there may be only a limited number of broker-dealers that have executed a Participant Agreement.

 

Those placing orders for Creation Units through the Clearing Process should afford sufficient time to permit proper submission of the order to the Distributor prior to the Closing Time on the Transmittal Date. Orders for Creation Units that are effected outside the Clearing Process are likely to require transmittal by the DTC Participant earlier on the Transmittal Date than orders effected using the Clearing Process. Those persons placing orders outside the Clearing Process should ascertain the deadlines applicable to DTC and the Federal Reserve Bank wire system by contacting the operations department of the broker or depository institution effectuating such transfer of the Fund Deposit. For more information about Clearing Process and DTC, see the sections of this SAI entitled “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units—Placement of Creation Orders Using the Clearing Process” and “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units—Placement of Creation Orders Outside the Clearing Process.”

 

Placement of Creation Orders Using the Clearing Process

 

The Clearing Process is the process of creating or redeeming Creation Units through the Continuous Net Settlement System of the NSCC. All Fund Deposits and/or Cash Component, as applicable, made through the Clearing Process must be delivered through a Participating Party that has executed a Participant Agreement. The Participant Agreement authorizes the Distributor to transmit through the Custodian to NSCC, on behalf of the Participating Party, such trade instructions as are necessary to effect the Participating Party’s creation order. Pursuant to such trade instructions to NSCC, the Participating Party agrees to deliver the requisite Fund Deposits and/or Cash Component, as applicable, to the Trust, together with such additional information as may be required by the Distributor. An order to create Creation Units through the Clearing Process is deemed received by the Distributor on the Transmittal Date if (1) such order is received by the Distributor not later than the Closing Time on such Transmittal Date and (2) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed.

 

Placement of Creation Orders Outside the Clearing Process

 

All Fund Deposits and/or Cash Component, as applicable, made outside the Clearing Process must be

 

S- 46  

 

 

delivered through a DTC Participant that has executed a Participant Agreement. A DTC Participant who wishes to place an order creating Creation Units to be effected outside the Clearing Process does not need to be a Participating Party, but such orders must state that the DTC Participant is not using the Clearing Process and that the creation of Creation Units will instead be effected through a transfer of cash and securities directly through DTC. The Fund Deposit transfer must be ordered by the DTC Participant on the Transmittal Date in a timely fashion so as to ensure the delivery of the requisite number of Deposit Securities through DTC to the account of the Fund by no later than 11:00 a.m. New York time on the next Business Day following the Transmittal Date (“ DTC Cut-Off-Time ”).

 

All questions as to the amount of an All Cash Amount, the number of Deposit Securities to be delivered, or the amount of a Cash Component, and the validity, form and eligibility (including time of receipt) for the deposit of any tendered securities, will be determined by the Trust, whose determination shall be final and binding. The amount of cash equal to the Cash Component (including All Cash Amounts) must be transferred directly to the Custodian through the Federal Reserve Bank wire transfer system in a timely manner so as to be received by the Custodian no later than 2:00 p.m. New York time on the next Business Day following the Transmittal Date. An order to create Creation Units outside the Clearing Process is deemed received by the Distributor on the Transmittal Date if (1) such order is received by the Distributor not later than the Closing Time on such Transmittal Date and (2) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed. However, if the Custodian does not receive both the requisite Deposit Securities and the Cash Component or the All Cash Amount, as applicable, by 11:00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m., respectively, on the next Business Day following the Transmittal Date, such order will be canceled. Upon written notice to the Distributor, such canceled order may be resubmitted the following Business Day using the Fund Deposits and/or Cash Components as newly constituted to reflect the then-current Deposit Securities and Cash Component, or the All Cash Amount, as applicable. The delivery of Creation Units so created will occur no later than the third Business Day following the day on which the purchase order is deemed received by the Distributor.

 

Additional transaction fees may be imposed with respect to transactions effected through a DTC participant outside the Clearing Process and in the limited circumstances in which any cash can be used in lieu of Deposit Securities to create Creation Units. See the section of this SAI entitled “Purchase and Sale of Creation Units—Creation Transaction Fee.”

 

Creation Units of an In Kind Creation may be created in advance of receipt by the Trust of all or a portion of the applicable Deposit Securities. In these circumstances, the initial deposit will have a value greater than the NAV of the Fund Shares on the date the order is placed in proper form since, in addition to available Deposit Securities, cash must be deposited in an amount equal to the sum of (1) the Cash Component plus (2) 125% of the then-current market value of the undelivered Deposit Securities (“ Additional Cash Deposit ”). The order shall be deemed to be received on the Business Day on which the order is placed provided that the order is placed in proper form prior to Closing Time and funds in the appropriate amount are deposited with the Custodian by 11:00 a.m. New York time the following Business Day. If the order is not placed in proper form by Closing Time or funds in the appropriate amount are not received by 11:00 a.m. the next Business Day, then the order may be deemed to be canceled and the Authorized Participant shall be liable to the Fund for losses, if any, resulting therefrom. An additional amount of cash shall be required to be deposited with the Trust, pending receipt of the undelivered Deposit Securities to the extent necessary to maintain the Additional Cash Deposit with the Trust in an amount at least equal to 125% of the daily marked-to-market value of the undelivered Deposit Securities. To the extent that undelivered Deposit Securities are not received by 1:00 p.m. New York time on the third Business Day following the day on which the purchase order is deemed received by the Distributor, or in the event a marked-to-market payment is not made within one Business Day following notification by the Distributor that such a payment is required, the Trust may use the cash on deposit to purchase the undelivered Deposit Securities. Authorized Participants will be liable to the Trust and the Fund for the costs incurred by the Trust in connection with any such purchases. These costs will be deemed to include the amount by which the actual purchase price of the Deposit Securities exceeds the market value of such Deposit Securities on the day the purchase order was deemed received by the Distributor plus the brokerage and related transaction costs associated with such purchases. The Trust will return any unused portion of the Additional Cash Deposit once all of the undelivered Deposit Securities have been properly received by the Custodian or purchased by the Trust and deposited into the Trust. In addition, a transaction fee will be charged in all cases. See the section of this SAI entitled “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units—Creation Transaction Fee.” The delivery of Creation Units so created will occur no later than the third Business Day following the day on which the purchase order is deemed received by the Distributor.

 

S- 47  

 

 

Acceptance of Orders for Creation Units

 

The Trust reserves the absolute right to reject a creation order transmitted to it by the Distributor if: (1) the order is not in proper form; (2) if the Cash Component paid is incorrect; (3) the investor(s), upon obtaining the Fund Shares ordered, would own 80% or more of the currently outstanding Shares of any Fund; (4) the Deposit Securities delivered are not as disseminated for that date by the Custodian, as described above; (5) acceptance of the Deposit Securities would have certain adverse tax consequences to the Fund; (6) acceptance of the Fund Deposit would, in the opinion of counsel, be unlawful; (7) acceptance of the Fund Deposit would otherwise, in the discretion of the Trust or the Advisor, have an adverse effect on the Trust or the rights of beneficial owners; or (8) there exist circumstances outside the control of the Trust, the Custodian, the Distributor and the Advisor that make it for all practical purposes impossible to process creation orders. Examples of such circumstances include acts of God; public service or utility problems such as fires, floods, extreme weather conditions and power outages resulting in telephone, telecopy and computer failures; market conditions or activities causing trading halts; systems failures involving computer or other information systems affecting the Trust, the Advisor, the Distributor, DTC, NSCC, the Custodian or sub-custodian or any other participant in the creation process and similar extraordinary events. The Distributor shall notify a prospective creator of a Creation Unit and/or the Authorized Participant acting on behalf of such prospective creator of its rejection of the order. The Trust, the Custodian, any sub-custodian and the Distributor are under no duty, however, to give notification of any defects or irregularities in the delivery of Fund Deposits nor shall any of them incur any liability for the failure to give any such notification. All questions as to the number of shares of each security in the Deposit Securities and the validity, form, eligibility and acceptance for deposit of any securities to be delivered shall be determined by the Trust and the Trust’s determination shall be final and binding.

 

Creation Units typically are issued on a “T+2 basis” (that is, three Business Days after trade date).

 

To the extent contemplated by an Authorized Participant’s agreement with the Distributor, the Trust will issue Creation Units of an In Kind Creation to such Authorized Participant notwithstanding the fact that the corresponding Portfolio Deposits have not been received in part or in whole, in reliance on the undertaking of the Authorized Participant to deliver the missing Deposit Securities as soon as possible, which undertaking shall be secured by such Authorized Participant’s delivery and maintenance of collateral having a value equal to 110%, which the Advisor may change from time to time, of the value of the missing Deposit Securities in accordance with the Trust’s then-effective procedures. Such collateral must be delivered no later than 2:00 p.m., Eastern Time, on the contractual settlement date. The only collateral that is acceptable to the Trust is cash in U.S. Dollars or an irrevocable letter of credit in form, and drawn on a bank, that is satisfactory to the Trust. The cash collateral posted by the Authorized Participant may be invested at the risk of the Authorized Participant, and income, if any, on invested cash collateral will be paid to that Authorized Participant. Information concerning the Trust’s current procedures for collateralization of missing Deposit Securities is available from the Distributor. The Authorized Participant Agreement will permit the Trust to buy the missing Deposit Securities at any time and will subject the Authorized Participant to liability for any shortfall between the cost to the Trust of purchasing such securities and the cash collateral or the amount that may be drawn under any letter of credit.

 

In certain cases, Authorized Participants will create and redeem Creation Units (whether by In Kind Creation/Redemption or for an All Cash Amount) on the same trade date. In these instances, the Trust reserves the right to settle these transactions on a net basis. All questions as to the amount of cash required to be delivered, the number of shares of each security in the Deposit Securities and the validity, form, eligibility and acceptance for deposit of any securities to be delivered, as applicable, shall be determined by the Trust, and the Trust’s determination shall be final and binding.

 

Creation Transaction Fee

 

Authorized Participants will be required to pay to the Custodian a fixed transaction fee (“ Creation Transaction Fee ”) in connection with creation orders that is intended to offset the transfer and other transaction costs associated with the issuance of Creation Units. The standard creation transaction fee will be the same regardless of the number of Creation Units purchased by an investor on the applicable Business Day. The Creation Transaction Fee charged by each Fund for each creation order is $500.

 

S- 48  

 

 

An additional variable fee of up to three (3) times the fixed Transaction Fee plus all commission and fees payable to the Fund in connection with the purchase of the Deposit Securities (expressed as a percentage of the value of such Deposit Securities) may be imposed for (1) creations effected outside the Clearing Process and (2) creations made in an All Cash Amount (to offset the Trust’s brokerage and other transaction costs associated with using cash to purchase the requisite Deposit Securities). Investors are responsible for the costs of transferring the securities constituting the Deposit Securities to the account of the Trust.

 

In order to seek to replicate the In Kind Creation order process for creation orders executed in whole or in part with cash, the Trust expects to purchase, in the secondary market or otherwise gain exposure to, the portfolio securities that could have been delivered as a result of an In Kind Creation order pursuant to local law or market convention, or for other reasons (“ Creation Market Purchases ”). In such cases where the Trust makes Creation Market Purchases, the Authorized Participant will reimburse the Trust for, among other things, any difference between the market value at which the securities and/or financial instruments were purchased by the Trust and the cash-in-lieu amount, applicable registration fees, brokerage commissions and certain taxes.

 

The Creation Transaction Fee may be waived for a Fund when the Advisor believes that waiver of the Creation Transaction Fee is in the best interest of the Fund. When determining whether to waive the Creation Transaction Fee, the Advisor considers a number of factors including whether waiving the Creation Transaction Fee will: facilitate the initial launch of a Fund; facilitate portfolio rebalancings in a less costly manner; improve the quality of the secondary trading market for a Fund’s shares; and not result in a Fund bearing additional costs or expenses as a result of the waiver.

 

Redemption Orders

 

The process to redeem Creation Units is essentially the reverse of the process by which Creation Units are created, as described above. To redeem Shares directly from the Funds, an investor must be an Authorized Participant or must redeem through an Authorized Participant. The Trust redeems Creation Units on a continuous basis on any Business Day through the Distributor at the Shares’ NAV next determined after receipt of an order in proper form. A Fund will not redeem Shares in amounts less than Creation Units. Authorized Participants must accumulate enough Shares in the secondary market to constitute a Creation Unit in order to have such Shares redeemed by the Trust. There can be no assurance, however, that there will be sufficient liquidity in the public trading market at any time to permit assembly of a Creation Unit.

 

Generally, Creation Units of the Funds will also be redeemed at NAV principally in kind, although the Funds reserve the right to redeem for an All Cash Amount, in each case less a transaction fee as described below. With respect to In Kind Redemptions, the Custodian, through the NSCC, makes available prior to the opening of business on the Exchange (currently 9:30 a.m. New York time) on each Business Day, the identity of the Fund Securities that will be applicable (subject to possible amendment or correction) to redemption requests received in proper form (as described below) on that day. Fund Securities received on redemption may not be identical to Deposit Securities that are applicable to creations of Creation Units. The redemption proceeds for an In Kind Redemption of a Creation Unit consists of Fund Securities – as announced on the Business Day the request for redemption is received in proper form – plus or minus cash in an amount equal to the difference between the NAV of the Fund Shares being redeemed, as next determined after a receipt of a redemption request in proper form, and the value of the Fund Securities (“ Cash Redemption Amount ”), less a redemption transaction fee (see the section of this SAI entitled “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units—Redemption Transaction Fee”).

 

The right of redemption may be suspended or the date of payment postponed with respect to any Fund (1) for any period during which the Bats BZX is closed (other than customary weekend and holiday closings); (2) for any period during which trading on the Exchange is suspended or restricted; (3) for any period during which an emergency exists as a result of which disposal of the Shares of the Fund or determination of a Fund’s NAV is not reasonably practicable; or (4) in such other circumstances as is permitted by the SEC.

 

Deliveries of redemption proceeds by the Fund generally will be made within two Business Days (that is “ T+2 ”). However, as discussed in Appendix B , the Fund reserves the right to settle redemption transactions and deliver redemption proceeds on a basis other than T+2 to accommodate foreign market holiday schedules, to account for different treatment among foreign and U.S. markets of dividend record dates and dividend ex-dates (that is the

 

S- 49  

 

 

last date the holder of a security can sell the security and still receive dividends payable on the security sold), and in certain other circumstances.

 

The process for a redemption order involving an All Cash Amount will be the same as the process for an In Kind Redemption, except that the proceeds of the redemption will be paid entirely in cash. Proceeds of redemptions of Creation Units payable in an All Cash Amount will be paid to the Authorized Participant redeeming Shares on behalf of the redeeming investor as soon as practicable after the date of redemption (within seven calendar days thereafter).

 

Placement of Redemption Orders Using the Clearing Process

 

Orders to redeem Creation Units through the Clearing Process must be delivered through an Authorized Participant that has executed a Participant Agreement. Investors other than Authorized Participants are responsible for making arrangements with an Authorized Participant for an order to redeem. An order to redeem Creation Units is deemed received by the Trust on the Transmittal Date if: (1) such order is received by the Distributor not later than Closing Time on such Transmittal Date; and (2) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed. Such order will be effected based on the NAV of the relevant Fund as next determined. An order to redeem Creation Units using the Clearing Process made in proper form but received by the Distributor after Closing Time will be deemed received on the next Business Day immediately following the Transmittal Date and will be effected at the NAV determined on such next Business Day. The requisite Fund Securities and/or the Cash Redemption Amount, as applicable, will be transferred by the third NSCC business day following the date on which such request for redemption is deemed received.

 

Placement of Redemption Orders Outside the Clearing Process

 

Orders to redeem Creation Units outside the Clearing Process must be delivered through a DTC Participant that has executed the Participant Agreement. A DTC Participant who wishes to place an order for redemption of Creation Units to be effected outside the Clearing Process does not need to be a Participating Party, but such orders must state that the DTC Participant is not using the Clearing Process and that redemption of Creation Units will instead be effected through transfer of Fund Shares directly through DTC. An order to redeem Creation Units outside the Clearing Process is deemed received by the Distributor on the Transmittal Date if (1) such order is received by the Distributor not later than Closing Time on such Transmittal Date; (2) such order is accompanied or followed by the requisite number of Fund Shares, which delivery must be made through DTC to the Custodian no later than the DTC Cut-Off-Time, and the Cash Redemption Amount, if owed to the Fund, which delivery must be made by 2:00 p.m. New York Time; and (3) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed. After the Distributor receives an order for redemption outside the Clearing Process, the Distributor will initiate procedures to transfer the requisite Fund Securities which are expected to be delivered and the Cash Redemption Amount, if any, by the third Business Day following the Transmittal Date.

 

The calculation of the value of the Fund Securities and/or the Cash Redemption Amount, as applicable, to be delivered or received upon redemption (by the Authorized Participant or the Trust, as applicable) will be made by the Custodian according to the procedures set forth the section of this SAI entitled “Determination of Net Asset Value” computed on the Business Day on which a redemption order is deemed received by the Distributor. Therefore, if a redemption order in proper form is submitted to the Distributor by a DTC Participant not later than Closing Time on the Transmittal Date, and the requisite number of Shares of the Fund are delivered to the Custodian prior to the DTC Cut-Off-Time, then the value of the Fund Securities and/or the Cash Redemption Amount, as applicable, to be delivered or received (by the Authorized Participant or the Trust, as applicable) will be determined by the Custodian on such Transmittal Date. If, however, either (1) the requisite number of Shares of the relevant Fund are not delivered by the DTC Cut-Off-Time, as described above, or (2) the redemption order is not submitted in proper form, then the redemption order will not be deemed received as of the Transmittal Date. In such case, the value of the Fund Securities and/or the Cash Redemption Amount, as applicable, to be delivered or received will be computed on the Business Day following the Transmittal Date provided that the Fund Shares of the relevant Fund are delivered through DTC to the Custodian by 11:00 a.m. New York time the following Business Day pursuant to a properly submitted redemption order.

 

The Trust may in its discretion at any time, or from time to time, exercise its option to redeem Fund Shares

 

S- 50  

 

 

solely for consideration in the form of an All Cash Amount, and the redeeming Authorized Participant will be required to receive its redemption proceeds in cash. In addition, an investor may request a redemption in cash that the Trust may permit, in its sole discretion. In either case, the investor will receive an All Cash Amount payment equal to the NAV of its Fund Shares based on the NAV of Shares of the relevant Fund next determined after the redemption request is received in proper form (minus a transaction fee which will include an additional charge for cash redemptions to offset the Fund’s brokerage and other transaction costs associated with the disposition of Fund Securities). A Fund may also, in its sole discretion, upon request of a shareholder, provide such redeemer a portfolio of securities that differs from the exact composition of the Fund Securities, or cash in lieu of some securities added to the Cash Redemption Amount, but in no event will the total value of the securities delivered and the cash transmitted differ from the NAV. Redemptions of Fund Shares for Fund Securities will be subject to compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws and the Fund (whether or not it otherwise permits cash redemptions) reserves the right to redeem Creation Units for cash to the extent that the Trust could not lawfully deliver specific Fund Securities upon redemptions or could not do so without first registering the Fund Securities under such laws. An Authorized Participant or an investor for which it is acting that is subject to a legal restriction with respect to a particular security included in the Fund Securities applicable to the redemption of a Creation Unit may be paid an equivalent amount of cash. The Authorized Participant may request the redeeming Beneficial Owner of the Fund Shares to complete an order form or to enter into agreements with respect to such matters as compensating cash payment, beneficial ownership of shares or delivery instructions.

 

Redemption Transaction Fee

 

Investors will be required to pay to the Custodian a fixed transaction fee (“ Redemption Transaction Fee ”) to offset the transfer and other transaction costs associated with the redemption of Creation Units. The standard redemption transaction fee will be the same regardless of the number of Creation Units redeemed by an investor on the applicable Business Day. The Redemption Transaction Fee charged by each Fund for each redemption order is $500.

 

An additional variable fee of up to three (3) times the fixed Transaction Fee plus all commission and fees payable to the Fund in connection with the sale of the Fund Securities (expressed as a percentage value of such Fund Securities) may be imposed for (1) redemptions effected outside the Clearing Process and (2) redemptions made in an All Cash Amount (to offset the Trust’s brokerage and other transaction costs associated with the sale of Fund Securities). Investors will also bear the costs of transferring the Fund Securities from the Trust to their account or on their order.

 

In order to seek to replicate the In Kind Redemption order process for creation orders executed in whole or in part with cash, the Trust expects to sell, in the secondary market, the portfolio securities or settle any financial instruments that may not be permitted to be re-registered in the name of the Participating Party as a result of an In Kind Redemption order pursuant to local law or market convention, or for other reasons (“ Market Sales ”). In such cases where the Trust makes Market Sales, the Authorized Participant will reimburse the Trust for, among other things, any difference between the market value at which the securities and/or financial instruments were sold or settled by the Trust and the cash-in-lieu amount, applicable registration fees, brokerage commissions and certain taxes.

 

Regardless of form, the Redemption Transaction Fee (including any reimbursements related to in cash redemptions or additional variable fees for In Kind Redemptions) will be limited in accordance with the requirements of the SEC applicable to management investment companies offering redeemable securities (currently, no more than 2% of the value of the shares redeemed).

 

The Redemption Transaction Fee may be waived for a Fund when the Advisor believes that waiver of the Redemption Transaction Fee is in the best interest of the Fund. When determining whether to waive the Redemption Transaction Fee, the Advisor considers a number of factors including whether waiving the Redemption Transaction Fee will: facilitate portfolio rebalancings in a less costly manner; improve the quality of the secondary trading market for a Fund’s shares; and not result in a Fund bearing additional costs or expenses as a result of the waiver.

 

S- 51  

 

 

CONTINUOUS OFFERING

 

The method by which Creation Units are created and traded may raise certain issues under applicable securities laws. Because new Creation Units are issued and sold by the Trust on an ongoing basis, at any point a “distribution,” as such term is used in the Securities Act, may occur. Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result in their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner which could render them statutory underwriters and subject them to the prospectus delivery and liability provisions of the Securities Act.

 

For example, a broker-dealer firm or its client may be deemed a statutory underwriter if it takes Creation Units after placing an order with the Distributor, breaks them down into constituent Shares, and sells such Shares directly to customers, or if it chooses to couple the creation of a supply of new Shares with an active selling effort involving solicitation of secondary market demand for Shares. A determination of whether one is an underwriter for purposes of the Securities Act must take into account all the facts and circumstances pertaining to the activities of the broker-dealer or its client in the particular case, and the examples mentioned above should not be considered a complete description of all the activities that could lead to a categorization as an underwriter.

 

Broker-dealers who are not “underwriters” but are participating in a distribution (as contrasted to ordinary secondary trading transactions), and thus dealing with Shares that are part of an “unsold allotment” within the meaning of Section 4(3)(C) of the Securities Act, would be unable to take advantage of the prospectus-delivery exemption provided by Section 4(3) of the Securities Act. This is because the prospectus delivery exemption in Section 4(3) of the Securities Act is not available in respect of such transactions as a result of Section 24(d) of the 1940 Act. As a result, broker-dealer firms should note that dealers who are not underwriters but are participating in a distribution (as contrasted with ordinary secondary market transactions) and thus dealing with the Shares that are part of an over-allotment within the meaning of Section 4(3)(A) of the Securities Act would be unable to take advantage of the prospectus delivery exemption provided by Section 4(3) of the Securities Act. Firms that incur a prospectus delivery obligation with respect to Shares are reminded that, under Rule 153 of the Securities Act, a prospectus delivery obligation under Section 5(b)(2) of the Securities Act owed to an exchange member in connection with a sale on the Exchange is satisfied by the fact that the prospectus is available at the Exchange upon request. The prospectus delivery mechanism provided in Rule 153 is only available with respect to transactions on an exchange.

 

DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE

 

The following information supplements and should be read in conjunction with the section in the Prospectus entitled “Determination of Net Asset Value (NAV).”

 

The NAV per share for each Fund is computed by dividing the value of the net assets of the Fund (i.e., the value of its total assets less total liabilities) by the total number of Shares outstanding, rounded to the nearest cent. Expenses and fees, including the management fee, are accrued daily and taken into account for purposes of determining NAV. The NAV of each Fund is determined as of the close of the regular trading session on the Exchange (ordinarily 4:00 p.m., Eastern time) on each day that such exchange is open. Any assets or liabilities denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are converted into U.S. dollars at the current market rates on the date of valuation as quoted by one or more sources.

 

In computing each Fund’s NAV, the Fund’s portfolio securities are valued based on market quotations. When market quotations are not readily available for a portfolio security a Fund must use such security’s fair value as determined in good faith in accordance with the Fund’s Valuation Procedures which are approved by the Board.

 

The value of each Fund’s portfolio securities is based on such securities’ closing price on local markets when available. If a portfolio security’s market price is not readily available or does not otherwise accurately reflect the fair value of such security, the portfolio security will be valued by another method that the Advisor believes will better reflect fair value in accordance with the Trust’s valuation policies and procedures approved by the Board. Each Fund may use fair value pricing in a variety of circumstances, including but not limited to, situations when the value of a Fund’s portfolio security has been materially affected by events occurring after the close of the market on which such security is principally traded (such as a corporate action or other news that may materially affect the

 

S- 52  

 

 

price of such security) or trading in such security has been suspended or halted. In addition, each Fund may fair value foreign equity portfolio securities each day the Fund calculates its NAV. Accordingly, a Fund’s NAV may reflect certain portfolio securities’ fair values rather than their market prices. Fair value pricing involves subjective judgments and it is possible that a fair value determination for a portfolio security is materially different than the value that could be realized upon the sale of such security. With respect to securities that are primarily listed on foreign exchanges, the value of a Fund’s portfolio securities may change on days when you will not be able to purchase or sell your Shares.

 

DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS

 

General Policies

 

The following information supplements and should be read in conjunction with the section in the Prospectus entitled “Dividends, Distributions and Taxes.”

 

Dividends from net investment income are declared and paid at least annually by each Fund. Distributions of net realized capital gains, if any, generally are declared and paid once a year, but the Trust may make distributions on a more frequent basis for each Fund to comply with the distribution requirements of the Code, in all events in a manner consistent with the provisions of the 1940 Act. In addition, the Trust may distribute at least annually amounts representing the full dividend yield on the underlying portfolio securities of the Funds, net of expenses of the Funds, as if each Fund owned such underlying portfolio securities for the entire dividend period in which case some portion of each distribution may result in a return of capital for tax purposes for certain shareholders.

 

Dividends and other distributions on Shares are distributed, as described below, on a pro rata basis to Beneficial Owners of such Shares. Dividend payments are made through DTC Participants and Indirect Participants to Beneficial Owners then of record with proceeds received from the Trust. The Trust makes additional distributions to the minimum extent necessary (i) to distribute the entire annual taxable income of the Trust, plus any net capital gains and (ii) to avoid imposition of the excise tax imposed by Section 4982 of the Code. Management of the Trust reserves the right to declare special dividends if, in its reasonable discretion, such action is necessary or advisable to preserve the status of each Fund as a “regulated investment company” under the Code or to avoid imposition of income or excise taxes on undistributed income.

 

Dividend Reinvestment Service

 

No reinvestment service is provided by the Trust. Broker-dealers may make available the DTC book-entry Dividend Reinvestment Service for use by Beneficial Owners of the Funds through DTC Participants for reinvestment of their dividend distributions. If this service is used, dividend distributions of both income and realized gains will be automatically reinvested in additional whole Shares of the Funds. Beneficial Owners should contact their broker to determine the availability and costs of the service and the details of participation therein. Brokers may require Beneficial Owners to adhere to specific procedures and timetables.

 

U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAXATION

 

Set forth below is a discussion of certain U.S. federal income tax considerations affecting the Funds and the purchase, ownership and disposition of Shares. It is based upon the Code, U.S. Treasury Department regulations promulgated thereunder, judicial authorities, and administrative rulings and practices, all as in effect as of the date of this SAI and all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. The following information supplements and should be read in conjunction with the section in the Prospectus entitled “Dividends, Distributions and Taxes.”

 

Except to the extent discussed below, this summary assumes that a Fund’s shareholder holds Shares as capital assets within the meaning of the Code, and does not hold Shares in connection with a trade or business. This

 

S- 53  

 

 

summary does not address all potential U.S. federal income tax considerations possibly applicable to an investment in Shares, and does not address the tax consequences to Fund shareholders subject to special tax rules, including, but not limited to, partnerships and the partners therein, tax-exempt shareholders, regulated investment companies, real estate investment trusts (“ REITs ”), real estate mortgage investment conduits (“ REMICs ”), those who hold Fund Shares through an IRA, 401(k) plan or other tax-advantaged account, and, except to the extent discussed below, “non-U.S. shareholders” (as defined below). This discussion does not discuss any aspect of U.S. state, local, estate, and gift, or non-U.S., tax law. Furthermore, this discussion is not intended or written to be legal or tax advice to any shareholder in a Fund or other person and is not intended or written to be used or relied on, and cannot be used or relied on, by any such person for the purpose of avoiding any U.S. federal tax penalties that may be imposed on such person. Prospective Fund shareholders are urged to consult their own tax advisers with respect to the specific U.S. federal, state, and local, and non-U.S., tax consequences of investing in Shares based on their particular circumstances.

 

The Funds have not requested and will not request an advance ruling from the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (“ IRS ”) as to the U.S. federal income tax matters described below. The IRS could adopt positions contrary to those discussed below and such positions could be sustained. Prospective investors should consult their own tax advisors with regard to the U.S. federal tax consequences of the purchase, ownership or disposition of Shares, as well as the tax consequences arising under the laws of any state, non-U.S. country or other taxing jurisdiction.

 

Tax Treatment of the Funds

 

In General . Each Fund intends to qualify and elect to be treated as a separate regulated investment company (“ RIC ”) under the Code. As a RIC, a Fund generally will not be required to pay corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any ordinary income or capital gains that it distributes to its shareholders.

 

To qualify and remain eligible for the special tax treatment accorded to RICs, each Fund must meet certain income, asset and distribution requirements, described in more detail below. Specifically, each Fund must (i) derive at least 90% of its gross income in each taxable year from dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans, gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies, other income (including, but not limited to, gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities or currencies and net income derived from interests in qualified publicly traded partnerships (“ QPTPs ”) ( i.e. , partnerships that are traded on an established securities market or readily tradable on a secondary market, other than partnerships that derive at least 90% of their income from interest, dividends, and other qualifying RIC income described above), and (ii) diversify its holdings so that, at the end of each quarter of the Fund’s taxable year, (a) at least 50% of the value of the Fund’s assets is represented by cash, securities of other RICs, U.S. government securities and other securities, with such other securities limited, in respect of any one issuer, to an amount not greater in value than 5% of the Fund’s total assets and not greater than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (b) not more than 25% of the value of its assets is invested in the securities (other than U.S. government securities or securities of other RICs) of any one issuer, any two or more issuers of which 20% or more of the voting stock of each such issuer is held by the Fund and that are determined to be engaged in the same or similar trades or businesses or related trades or businesses or in the securities of one or more QPTPs. Furthermore, each Fund must distribute annually at least 90% of the sum of (i) its “investment company taxable income” (which includes dividends, interest and net short-term capital gains) and (ii) certain net tax-exempt income, if any.

 

Failure to Maintain RIC Status . If a Fund fails to qualify as a RIC for any year (subject to certain curative measures allowed by the Code), the Fund will be subject to regular corporate-level U.S. federal income tax in that year on all of its taxable income, regardless of whether the Fund makes any distributions to its shareholders. In addition, in such case, distributions will be taxable to a Fund’s shareholders generally as ordinary dividends to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, possibly eligible for (i) in the case of an individual Fund shareholder, treatment as a qualified dividend (as discussed below) subject to tax at preferential long-term capital gains rates or (ii) in the case of a corporate Fund shareholder, a dividends-received deduction. The remainder of this discussion assumes that the Funds will qualify for the special tax treatment accorded to RICs.

 

Excise Tax . A Fund will be subject to a 4% excise tax on certain undistributed income if the Fund does not distribute to its shareholders in each calendar year an amount at least equal to the sum of 98% of its ordinary income

 

S- 54  

 

 

for the calendar year (taking into account certain deferrals and elections), 98.2% of its capital gain net income (adjusted for certain ordinary losses) for the twelve months ended October 31 of such year (or later if the Fund is permitted to elect and so elects), plus 100% of any undistributed amounts from prior years. For these purposes, a Fund will be treated as having distributed any amount on which it has been subject to U.S. corporate income tax for the taxable year ending within such calendar year. Each Fund intends to make distributions necessary to avoid this 4% excise tax, although there can be no assurance that it will be able to do so.

 

Phantom Income . With respect to some or all of its investments, a Fund may be required to recognize taxable income in advance of receiving the related cash payment. For example, under the “wash sale” rules, a Fund may not be able to deduct currently a loss on a disposition of a portfolio security. As a result, a Fund may be required to make an annual income distribution greater than the total cash actually received during the year. Such distribution may be made from the existing cash assets of the Fund or cash generated from selling portfolio securities. The Fund may realize gains or losses from such sales, in which event the Fund’s shareholders may receive a larger capital gain distribution than they would in the absence of such transactions. (See also —“Certain Debt Instruments” below.)

 

Certain Debt Instruments . Some of the debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by a Fund (such as zero coupon debt instruments or debt instruments with payment in-kind interest) may be treated as debt securities that are issued originally at a discount. Generally, the amount of original issue discount is treated as interest income and is included in income over the term of the debt security, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, usually when the debt security matures.

 

If a Fund acquires debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance) in the secondary market, such debt securities may be treated as having market discount. Generally, any gain recognized on the disposition of, and any partial payment of principal on, a debt security having market discount is treated as ordinary income to the extent the gain, or principal payment, does not exceed the “accrued market discount” on such debt security. Market discount generally accrues in equal daily installments. A Fund may make one or more of the elections applicable to debt securities having market discount, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income.

 

Some debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of one year or less from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by a Fund may be treated as having acquisition discount, or original issue discount in the case of certain types of debt securities. Generally, a Fund will be required to include the acquisition discount, or original issue discount, in income over the term of the debt security, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, usually when the debt security matures. A Fund may make one or more of the elections applicable to debt securities having acquisition discount, or original issue discount, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income.

 

The Fund may invest a portion of its net assets in below investment grade instruments. Investments in these types of instruments may present special tax issues for the Fund. U.S. federal income tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as when the Fund may cease to accrue interest, OID or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless instruments, how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income and whether exchanges of debt obligations in a bankruptcy or workout context are taxable.

 

Commodities . As noted above, in order to qualify as a RIC, each Fund must derive at least 90% of its gross income from certain qualifying sources of income. On December 16, 2005, the IRS issued Revenue Ruling 2006-1, which concluded that income derived from certain commodity-linked swaps is not qualifying income. As such, the Funds’ ability to utilize commodity-linked derivatives is limited by the requirement that it receive no more than 10% of its gross income from investments that generate non-qualifying income.

 

In Revenue Ruling 2006-31, the IRS subsequently indicated that income from alternative investment instruments that create commodity exposure (such as certain commodity index-linked notes) may be considered qualifying income under the Code. The IRS subsequently issued private letter rulings to other taxpayers in which the IRS concluded that income from certain commodity index-linked notes constituted qualifying income. PLRs,

 

S- 55  

 

 

however, cannot be used or cited as precedent, and are binding only with respect to the taxpayer(s) to whom they are issued. The Funds have not been issued any such PLRs by the IRS. Furthermore, in 2011, the IRS announced that it was suspending the issuance of PLRs relating to the tax treatment of income and gain from investments in commodity-linked notes. Thus, to the extent that the Funds treat any income from commodity-linked notes as qualifying income based on the analysis in the PLRs previously issued by the IRS and the IRS changes its historic position or otherwise determines that income derived by the Funds from commodity-linked notes do not constitute qualifying income, the Funds may cease to qualify as RICs and/or may be required to reduce their exposure to such commodity-linked investments.

 

Investments in Wholly-Owned Subsidiaries . As a result of the Code’s restrictions on RICs with respect to investments in commodities, the Funds may seek to gain exposure to commodity markets by investing in wholly-owned subsidiaries. Such subsidiaries themselves may be subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax. The IRS historically has issued PLRs to other RICs in which it held that income derived from a wholly-owned non-U.S. subsidiary will constitute qualifying income, even if the subsidiary itself invests in commodities. To the extent applicable, the Funds intend to treat income they derive from their respective wholly-owned subsidiaries as qualifying income based on the analysis in the above-mentioned PLRs, notwithstanding the fact that PLRs can only be relied upon by the taxpayers(s) to whom they are issued, and the Funds themselves have not been issued any such PLRs by the IRS. Furthermore, in 2011, the IRS suspended the issuance of PLRs in this area while it considers the issues raised by them.

 

If a Fund’s subsidiary is a non-U.S. entity, the subsidiary will be treated as a “controlled foreign corporation” (“ CFC ”) and the Fund will be treated as a “U.S. shareholder” therein. As a result, the Fund will be required to include in gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes all of the subsidiary’s “Subpart F income,” whether or not such income is distributed by the subsidiary. The Fund’s recognition of the Subsidiary’s Subpart F income will increase the Fund’s tax basis in the subsidiary. Distributions by the subsidiary to the Fund will be tax-free to the extent of its previously undistributed “subpart F income,” and will correspondingly reduce the Fund’s tax basis in the subsidiary.  “Subpart F income” generally is treated as ordinary income, regardless of the character of the subsidiary’s underlying income.  Although undistributed Subpart F income does not technically qualify as a dividend, the above-mentioned PLRs concluded that income from a fund’s investment in a CFC that invests in commodity-linked derivatives constitutes qualifying income to the fund. However, as noted above, the IRS suspended the issuance of such PLRs in 2011. Furthermore, in September 2016, the IRS issued Proposed Treasury Regulations which would treat Subpart F income derived by the Funds from any CFC as qualifying income only to the extent that such income is currently distributed. These proposed regulations will be effective for taxable years that begin on or after the date that is 90 days after their publication as final regulations.  If these Proposed Treasury Regulations become effective, income derived by the Funds from any wholly-owned non-U.S. subsidiary will only be treated as qualifying RIC income to the extent that it is currently distributed to the Funds. 

 

PFIC Investments . A Fund may purchase shares in a non-U.S. corporation treated as a “passive foreign investment company” (“ PFIC ”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, the Fund may be subject to increased U.S. federal income tax (plus charges in the nature of interest on previously-deferred income taxes on the PFIC’s income) on any “excess distributions” made on, or gain from a sale (or other disposition) of, the PFIC shares even if the Fund distributes such income to its shareholders.

 

In lieu of the increased income tax and deferred tax interest charges on excess distributions on, and dispositions of, a PFIC’s shares, the Fund can elect to treat the underlying PFIC as a “qualified electing fund,” provided that the PFIC agrees to provide the Fund with certain information on an annual basis. With a “qualified electing fund” election in place, the Fund must include in its income each year its share (whether distributed or not) of the ordinary earnings and net capital gain of the PFIC.

 

In the alternative, a Fund can elect, under certain conditions, to mark-to-market at the end of each taxable year its PFIC shares. The Fund would recognize as ordinary income any increase in the value of the PFIC shares and as an ordinary loss (up to any prior net income resulting from the mark-to-market election) any decrease in the value of the PFIC shares.

 

With a “mark-to-market” or “qualified election fund” election in place on a PFIC, a Fund might be required to recognize in a year income in excess of the sum of the actual distributions received by it on the PFIC shares and

 

S- 56  

 

 

the proceeds from its dispositions of the PFIC’s shares. Any such income generally would be subject to the RIC distribution requirements and would be taken into account for purposes of the 4% excise tax (described above).

 

Section 1256 Contracts . A Fund may be required to mark-to-market and recognize as income for each taxable year its net unrealized gains and losses on so-called “Section 1256 contracts,” such as certain futures contracts and most non-U.S. currency forward contracts traded in the interbank market. Section 1256 contracts held by a Fund at the end of its taxable year are required to be marked to their market value, and any unrealized gain or loss on those positions will be included in a Fund’s income as if each position had been sold for its fair market value at the end of the taxable year. The resulting gain or loss will be combined with any gain or loss realized by a Fund from positions in Section 1256 contracts closed during the taxable year. Provided such positions were held as capital assets and were not part of a “hedging transaction” or a “straddle,” 60% of the resulting net gain or loss will be treated as long-term gain or loss, and 40% of such net gain or loss will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss, regardless of the period of time the positions were actually held by a Fund. In addition, a Fund may be required to defer the recognition of losses on futures contracts to the extent of any unrecognized gains on related positions held by the Fund. Income from futures contracts generally would be subject to the RIC distribution requirements and would be taken into account for purposes of the 4% excise tax (described above).

 

Swaps . As a result of entering into swap contracts, a Fund may make or receive periodic net payments. A Fund also may make or receive a payment when a swap is terminated prior to maturity through an assignment of the swap or other closing transaction. Periodic net payments generally will constitute ordinary income or deductions, while termination of a swap generally will result in capital gain or loss (which will be a long-term capital gain or loss if a Fund has been a party to the swap for more than one year). With respect to certain types of swaps, a Fund may be required to currently recognize income or loss with respect to future payments on such swaps or may elect under certain circumstances to mark such swaps to market annually for tax purposes as ordinary income or loss. The tax treatment of many types of credit default swaps is uncertain.

 

Short Sales . In general, gain or loss on a short sale is recognized when a Fund closes the sale by delivering the borrowed property to the lender, not when the borrowed property is sold. If, however, a Fund already owns property that is identical to the kind it borrows and sells pursuant to a short sale “against the box,” and such pre-existing ownership position has appreciated ( i.e. , the fair market value exceeds the Fund’s tax basis), the Fund may be required to recognize such gain at the time the borrowed stock is sold. Any gain or loss realized upon closing out a short sale generally is considered as capital gain or loss to the extent that the property used to close the short sale constitutes a capital asset in the Fund’s hands. Except with respect to certain situations where the property used by a Fund to close a short sale has a long-term holding period on the date of the short sale, special rules generally would treat the gains on short sales as short-term capital gains. These rules also may terminate the running of the holding period of “substantially identical property” held by a Fund. Moreover, a loss on a short sale will be treated as long-term capital loss if, on the date of the short sale, “substantially identical property” has been held by a Fund for more than one year. In general, a Fund will not be permitted to deduct payments made to reimburse the lender of securities for dividends paid on borrowed stock if the short sale is closed on or before the 45th day after the short sale is entered into.

 

Foreign Currency Transactions . Gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates between the time a Fund accrues income, expenses or other items denominated in a foreign currency and the time the Fund actually collects or pays such items generally are treated as ordinary income or loss. Similarly, gains or losses on foreign currency forward contracts, certain foreign currency options and futures contracts and the disposition of debt securities denominated in a foreign currency, to the extent attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates between the acquisition and disposition dates, generally are also treated as ordinary income or loss, unless a Fund were to elect otherwise where such an election is permitted.

 

Non-U.S. Investments . Dividends, interest and proceeds from the direct or indirect sale of non-U.S. securities may be subject to non-U.S. withholding tax and other taxes, including financial transaction taxes. Even if a Fund is entitled to seek a refund in respect of such taxes, it may not have sufficient information to do so or may choose not to do so. Tax treaties between certain countries and the United States may reduce or eliminate such taxes in some cases. Non-U.S. taxes paid by a Fund will reduce the return from the Fund’s investments.

 

S- 57  

 

 

Special or Uncertain Tax Consequences . A Fund’s investment or other activities could be subject to special and complex tax rules that may produce differing tax consequences, such as disallowing or limiting the use of losses or deductions, causing the recognition of income or gain without a corresponding receipt of cash, affecting the time as to when a purchase or sale of stock or securities is deemed to occur or altering the characterization of certain complex financial transactions.

 

A Fund may engage in investment or other activities the treatment of which may not be clear or may be subject to recharacterization by the IRS. In particular, the tax treatment of swaps and certain other derivatives and income from foreign currency transactions is unclear for purposes of determining a Fund’s status as a RIC. If a final determination on the tax treatment of a Fund’s investment or other activities differs from the Fund’s original expectations, the final determination could adversely affect the Fund’s status as a RIC or the timing or character of income recognized by the Fund, requiring the Fund to purchase or sell assets, alter its portfolio or take other action in order to comply with the final determination.

 

Tax Treatment of Fund Shareholders

 

Taxation of U.S. Shareholders

 

The following is a summary of certain U.S. federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of Fund Shares applicable to “U.S. shareholders.” For purposes of this discussion, a “U.S. shareholder” is a beneficial owner of Fund Shares who, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is (i) an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States; (ii) a corporation (or an entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) created or organized in the United States or under the laws of the United States, or of any state thereof, or the District of Columbia; (iii) an estate, the income of which is includable in gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes regardless of its source; or (iv) a trust, if (a) a U.S. court is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of such trust and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust, or (b) the trust has a valid election in place to be treated as a U.S. person.

 

Fund Distributions . In general, Fund distributions are subject to U.S. federal income tax when paid, regardless of whether they consist of cash or property and regardless of whether they are re-invested in Shares. However, any Fund distribution declared in October, November or December of any calendar year and payable to shareholders of record on a specified date during such month will be deemed to have been received by each Fund shareholder on December 31 of such calendar year, provided such dividend is actually paid during January of the following calendar year.

 

Distributions of a Fund’s net investment income and a Fund’s net short-term capital gains in excess of net long-term capital losses (collectively referred to as “ ordinary income dividends ”) are taxable as ordinary income to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits (subject to an exception for “qualified dividend income,” as discussed below). Corporate shareholders of a Fund may be eligible to take a dividends-received deduction with respect to such distributions, provided the distributions are attributable to dividends received by the Fund on stock of U.S. corporations with respect to which the Fund meets certain holding period and other requirements. To the extent designated as “capital gain dividends” by a Fund, distributions of a Fund’s net long-term capital gains in excess of net short-term capital losses (“ net capital gain ”) are taxable at long-term capital gain tax rates to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, regardless of a Fund shareholder’s holding period in the Fund’s Shares. Such dividends will not be eligible for a dividends-received deduction by corporate shareholders.

 

A Fund’s net capital gain is computed by taking into account the Fund’s capital loss carryforwards, if any. Under the Regulated Investment Company Modernization Act of 2010, capital losses incurred in tax years beginning after December 22, 2010 can be carried forward indefinitely and retain the character of the original loss. To the extent that these carryforwards are available to offset future capital gains, it is probable that the amount offset will not be distributed to shareholders. In the event that a Fund were to experience an ownership change as defined under the Code, the Fund’s loss carryforwards, if any, may be subject to limitation.

 

Distributions of “qualified dividend income” (defined below) are taxed to certain non-corporate shareholders at the reduced rates applicable to long-term capital gain to the extent of the Fund’s current and

 

S- 58  

 

 

accumulated earnings and profits, provided that the Fund shareholder meets certain holding period and other requirements with respect to the distributing Fund’s Shares and the distributing Fund meets certain holding period and other requirements with respect to the dividend-paying stocks. Dividends subject to these special rules, however, are not actually treated as capital gains and, thus, are not included in the computation of a non-corporate shareholder’s net capital gain and generally cannot be used to offset capital losses. The portion of distributions that a Fund may report as qualified dividend income generally is limited to the amount of qualified dividend income received by the Fund, but if for any Fund taxable year 95% or more of the Fund’s gross income (exclusive of net capital gain from sales of stock and securities) consists of qualified dividend income, all distributions of such income for that taxable year may be reported as qualified dividend income. For this purpose, “qualified dividend income” generally means income from dividends received by a Fund from U.S. corporations and qualified non-U.S. corporations. Income from dividends received by a Fund from a REIT or another RIC generally is qualified dividend income only to the extent that the dividend distributions are made out of qualified dividend income received by such REIT or other RIC.

 

To the extent that a Fund makes a distribution of income received by such Fund in lieu of dividends with respect to securities on loan pursuant to a securities lending transaction, such income will not constitute qualified dividend income to individual shareholders and will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction for corporate shareholders.

 

Distributions in excess of a Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits will, as to each shareholder, be treated as a tax-free return of capital to the extent of the shareholder’s tax basis in its Shares of the Fund, and as a capital gain thereafter (assuming the shareholder holds its Shares of the Fund as capital assets).

 

Each Fund intends to distribute its net capital gain at least annually. However, by providing written notice to its shareholders no later than 60 days after its year-end, a Fund may elect to retain some or all of its net capital gain and designate the retained amount as a “deemed distribution.” In that event, the Fund pays U.S. federal income tax on the retained net capital gain, and each Fund shareholder recognizes a proportionate share of the Fund’s undistributed net capital gain. In addition, each Fund shareholder can claim a tax credit or refund for the shareholder’s proportionate share of the Fund’s U.S. federal income taxes paid on the undistributed net capital gain and increase the shareholder’s tax basis in the Fund Shares by an amount equal to the shareholder’s proportionate share of the Fund’s undistributed net capital gain, reduced by the amount of the shareholder’s tax credit or refund. Organizations or persons not subject to U.S. federal income tax on such net capital gain may be entitled to a refund of their pro rata share of such taxes paid by the Fund upon timely filing appropriate returns or claims for refund with the IRS.

 

With respect to non-corporate Fund shareholders ( i.e. , individuals, trusts and estates), ordinary income and short-term capital gain are taxed at a current maximum rate of 39.6% and long-term capital gain is taxed at a current maximum rate of 20%. Corporate shareholders are taxed at a current maximum rate of 35% on their income and gain.

 

In addition, high-income individuals (and certain trusts and estates) generally will be subject to a 3.8% Medicare tax on “net investment income,” in addition to otherwise applicable U.S. federal income tax. “Net investment income” generally will include dividends (including capital gain dividends) received from a Fund and net gains from the redemption or other disposition of Shares. Please consult your tax advisor regarding this tax.

 

If a Fund is a “qualified fund of funds” ( i.e. , a RIC at least 50% of the total assets of which, at the close of each quarter of the taxable year, is represented by interests in other RICs) or more than 50% of a Fund’s total assets at the end of a taxable year consist of non-U.S. stock or securities, the Fund may elect to “pass through” to its shareholders certain non-U.S. income taxes paid by the Fund. This means that each shareholder will be required to (i) include in gross income, even though not actually received, the shareholder’s pro rata share of the Fund’s non-U.S. income taxes, and (ii) either take a corresponding deduction (in calculating U.S. federal taxable income) or credit (in calculating U.S. federal income tax), subject to certain limitations.

 

Investors considering buying Shares just prior to a distribution should be aware that, although the price of the Shares purchased at such time may reflect the forthcoming distribution, such distribution nevertheless may be taxable (as opposed to a non-taxable return of capital).

 

S- 59  

 

 

Exempt-Interest Dividends . If at the end of each quarter of a Fund’s taxable year, (i) the Fund is a qualified fund of funds (as defined above), or (ii) 50% or more of the Fund’s assets, by value, consist of certain obligations exempt from U.S. federal income tax under Section 103(a) of the Code (relating generally to obligations of a state or local governmental unit), the Fund shall be qualified to designate a portion of its dividends as “exempt-interest dividends.” Exempt-interest dividends generally will be excludable from a shareholder’s gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Exempt-interest dividends will be included, however, in determining the portion, if any, of a person’s social security and railroad retirement benefit payments subject to U.S. federal income tax. Interest on indebtedness incurred to purchase or carry shares of a Fund that pays exempt-interest dividends will not be deductible by the shareholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent attributable to exempt-interest dividends.

 

Furthermore, exempt-interest dividends paid by a Fund could subject certain shareholders in the Fund to the U.S. federal alternative minimum tax. Under the Code, corporations are subject to an alternative minimum tax based, in part, on certain differences between taxable income as adjusted for other tax preferences and the corporation’s “adjusted current earnings,” which more closely reflect a corporation’s economic income. Because an exempt-interest dividend paid by a Fund will be included in adjusted current earnings, a corporate shareholder of such Fund may be required to pay alternative minimum tax on exempt-interest dividends paid by the Fund. In addition, if a Fund invests in “private activity bonds,” a portion of the exempt-interest dividends paid by such Fund may be treated as an item of “tax preference” and, therefore, could subject certain shareholders of the Fund to the U.S. federal alternative minimum tax.

 

REIT/REMIC Investments . A Fund may invest in REITs owning residual interests in REMICs. Certain income from a REIT that is attributable to a REMIC residual interest (known as “excess inclusion” income) is allocated to a Fund’s shareholders in proportion to the dividends received from the Fund, producing the same income tax consequences as if the Fund shareholders directly received the excess inclusion income. In general, excess inclusion income (i) cannot be offset by net operating losses (subject to a limited exception for certain thrift institutions), (ii) constitutes “unrelated business taxable income” to certain entities (such as a qualified pension plan, an individual retirement account, a 401(k) plan, a Keogh plan or other tax-exempt entity), and (iii) in the case of a non-U.S. shareholder, does not qualify for any withholding tax reduction or exemption. In addition, if at any time during any taxable year certain types of entities own Shares, the Fund will be subject to a tax equal to the product of (i) the excess inclusion income allocable to such entities and (ii) the highest U.S. federal income tax rate imposed on corporations (currently 35%). A Fund also is subject to information reporting with respect to any excess inclusion income.

 

Sale or Exchange of Shares . Any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale or exchange of Shares generally is treated as a long-term gain or loss if the Shares have been held for more than one year. Any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale or exchange of Shares held for one year or less generally is treated as a short-term gain or loss, except that any capital loss on the sale of Shares held for six months or less is treated as long-term capital loss to the extent that capital gain dividends were paid (or deemed to be paid) with respect to such Shares. All or a portion of any loss realized upon a sale or exchange of Fund Shares will be disallowed under the “wash sale” rules if substantially identical shares are purchased (through reinvestment of dividends or otherwise) within a 61-day period beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after the disposition of the Fund Shares. In such a case, the basis of the newly purchased shares will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.

 

Legislation passed by Congress requires reporting to the IRS and to taxpayers of adjusted cost basis information for “covered securities,” which generally include shares of a RIC acquired on or after January 1, 2012. Shareholders should contact their brokers to obtain information with respect to the available cost basis reporting methods and available elections for their accounts.

 

Creation Unit Issues and Redemptions . On an issue of Shares as part of a Creation Unit, made by means of an in-kind deposit, an Authorized Participant generally recognizes capital gain or loss equal to the difference between (i) the fair market value (at issue) of the issued Shares (plus any cash received by the Authorized Participant as part of the issue) and (ii) the Authorized Participant’s aggregate basis in the exchanged securities (plus any cash paid by the Authorized Participant as part of the issue). On a redemption of Shares as part of a Creation Unit where the redemption is conducted in-kind by a payment of Fund Securities, an Authorized Participant generally recognizes capital gain or loss equal to the difference between (i) the fair market value (at redemption) of

 

S- 60  

 

 

the securities received (plus any cash received by the Authorized Participant as part of the redemption) and (ii) the Authorized Participant’s basis in the redeemed Shares (plus any cash paid by the Authorized Participant as part of the redemption). However, the IRS may assert, under the “wash sale” rules or on the basis that there has been no significant change in the Authorized Participant’s economic position, that any loss on an issue or redemption of Creation Units cannot be deducted currently.

 

In general, any capital gain or loss recognized upon the issue or redemption of Shares (as components of a Creation Unit) is treated either as long-term capital gain or loss, if the deposited securities (in the case of an issue) or the Shares (in the case of a redemption) have been held for more than one year, or otherwise as short-term capital gain or loss. However, any capital loss on a redemption of Shares held for six months or less is treated as long-term capital loss to the extent that capital gain dividends were paid (or deemed to be paid) with respect to such Fund Shares.

 

Reportable Transactions . If a Fund shareholder recognizes a loss with respect to Shares of $2 million or more (for an individual Fund shareholder) or $10 million or more (for a corporate shareholder) in any single taxable year (or a greater loss over a combination of years), the Fund shareholder may be required file a disclosure statement with the IRS. Significant penalties may be imposed upon the failure to comply with these reporting rules. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these rules in light of their individual circumstances.

 

Taxation of Non-U.S. Shareholders

 

The following is a summary of certain U.S. federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of Fund Shares applicable to “non-U.S. shareholders.” For purposes of this discussion, a “non-U.S. shareholder” is a beneficial owner of Fund Shares that is not a U.S. shareholder (as defined above) and is not an entity or arrangement treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The following discussion addresses only selected, and not all, aspects of U.S. federal income taxation applicable to non-U.S. shareholders.

 

Dividends . With respect to non-U.S. shareholders of a Fund, the Fund’s ordinary income dividends generally will be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax at a rate of 30% (or at a lower rate established under an applicable tax treaty). A Fund will not pay any additional amounts to shareholders in respect of any amounts withheld. However, ordinary income dividends that are “interest-related dividends” or “short-term capital gain dividends” (each as defined below) and capital gain dividends generally will not be subject to U.S. federal withholding (or income) tax, provided that the non-U.S. shareholder furnishes the Fund with a completed IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E, as applicable, (or acceptable substitute documentation) establishing the non-U.S. shareholder’s non-U.S. status and the Fund does not have actual knowledge or reason to know that the non-U.S. shareholder would be subject to such withholding tax if the non-U.S. shareholder were to receive the related amounts directly rather than as dividends from the Fund. “Interest-related dividends” generally means dividends designated by a Fund as attributable to such Fund’s U.S.-source interest income, other than certain contingent interest and interest from obligations of a corporation or partnership in which such Fund is at least a 10% shareholder, reduced by expenses that are allocable to such income. “Short-term capital gain dividends” generally means dividends designated by a Fund as attributable to the excess of such Fund’s net short-term capital gain over its net long-term capital loss. Depending on its circumstances, a Fund may treat such dividends, in whole or in part, as ineligible for these exemptions from withholding .

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, special rules apply in certain cases, including as described below. For example, in cases where dividend income from a non-U.S. shareholder’s investment in a Fund is effectively connected with a trade or business of the non-U.S. shareholder conducted in the United States, the non-U.S. shareholder generally will be exempt from withholding tax, but will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at the graduated rates applicable to U.S. shareholders. Such income generally must be reported on a U.S. federal income tax return. Furthermore, such income also may be subject to the 30% branch profits tax in the case of a non-U.S. shareholder that is a corporation. In addition, if a non-U.S. shareholder is an individual who is present in the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year and has a “tax home” in the United States, any gain incurred by such shareholder with respect to his or her capital gain dividends and short-term capital gain dividends would be subject to a 30% U.S. federal income tax (which, in the case of short-term capital gain dividends, may, in certain instances, be withheld at source by a Fund). Lastly, special rules apply with respect to dividends that are subject to

 

S- 61  

 

 

the Foreign Investment in Real Property Act ( “FIRPTA” ), discussed below (see—“Investments in U.S. Real Property”).

 

Sale or Exchange of Shares . Under current law, gain on a sale or exchange of Shares generally will be exempt from U.S. federal income tax (including withholding at the source) unless (i) the non-U.S. shareholder is an individual who was physically present in the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year and has a “tax home” in the United States, in which case the non-U.S. shareholder would incur a 30% U.S. federal income tax on his capital gain, (ii) the gain is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business conducted by the non-U.S. shareholder (in which case the non-U.S. shareholder generally would be taxable on such gain at the same graduated rates applicable to U.S. shareholders, would be required to file a U.S. federal income tax return and, in the case of a corporate non-U.S. shareholder, may also be subject to the 30% branch profits tax), or (iii) the gain is subject to FIRPTA, as discussed below (see —“Investments in U.S. Real Property”).

 

Credits or Refunds . To claim a credit or refund for any Fund-level taxes on any undistributed long-term capital gains (as discussed above) or any taxes collected through withholding, a non-U.S. Fund shareholder must obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification number and file a U.S. federal income tax return even if the non-U.S. Fund shareholder would not otherwise be required to do so.

 

Investments in U.S. Real Property . Subject to the exemptions described below, a non-U.S. shareholder generally will be subject to U.S. federal income tax under FIRPTA on any gain from the sale or exchange of Shares if the Fund is a “U.S. real property holding corporation” (as defined below) at any time during the shorter of the period during which the non-U.S. shareholder held such Shares and the five-year period ending on the date of the disposition of those Shares. Any such gain will be taxed in the same manner as for a U.S. Fund shareholder and in certain cases will be collected through withholding at the source in an amount equal to 15% of the sales proceeds. A Fund will be a “U.S. real property holding corporation” if the fair market value of its “U.S. real property interests” (“ USRPIs ”) (which includes shares of U.S. real property holding corporations and certain participating debt securities) equals or exceeds 50% of the fair market value of such interests plus its interests in real property located outside the United States plus any other assets used or held for use in a business.

 

An exemption from FIRPTA applies if either (i) the class of Shares disposed of by the non-U.S. shareholder is regularly traded on an established securities market (as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes) and the non-U.S. shareholder did not actually or constructively hold more than 5% of such class of Shares at any time during the five-year period prior to the disposition, or (ii) the Fund is a “domestically-controlled RIC.” A “domestically-controlled RIC” is any RIC in which at all times during the relevant testing period 50% or more in value of the RIC’s stock is owned by U.S. persons.

 

Furthermore, special rules apply under FIRPTA in respect of distributions attributable to gains from USRPIs. In general, if a Fund is a U.S. real property holding corporation (taking certain special rules into account), distributions by such Fund attributable to gains from USRPIs will be treated as income effectively connected with a trade or business within the United States, subject generally to tax at the same graduated rates applicable to U.S. shareholders and, in the case of a corporation that is a non-U.S. shareholder, a “branch profits” tax at a rate of 30% (or other applicable lower treaty rate). Such distributions will be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax and generally will give rise to an obligation on the part of the non-U.S. shareholder to file a U.S. federal income tax return.

 

Even if a Fund is treated as a U.S. real property holding corporation, distributions on the Fund’s Shares will not be treated, under the rule described above, as income effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business in the case of a non-U.S. shareholder that owns (for the applicable period) 5% or less (by class) of Shares and such class is regularly traded on an established securities market for U.S. federal income tax purposes (but such distribution will be treated as ordinary dividends subject to a 30% withholding tax or lower applicable treaty rate).

 

Non-U.S. shareholders that engage in certain “wash sale” and/or substitute dividend payment transactions the effect of which is to avoid the receipt of distributions from the Fund that would be treated as gain effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business will be treated as having received such distributions.

 

S- 62  

 

 

All shareholders of the Fund should consult their tax advisers regarding the application of the rules described above.

 

Back-Up Withholding

 

A Fund (or a financial intermediary such as a broker through which a shareholder holds Shares in a Fund) may be required to report certain information on a Fund shareholder to the IRS and withhold U.S. federal income tax ( “backup withholding” ) at a 28% rate from taxable distributions and redemption or sale proceeds payable to the Fund shareholder if (i) the Fund shareholder fails to provide the Fund with a correct taxpayer identification number or make required certifications, or if the IRS notifies the Fund that the Fund shareholder is otherwise subject to backup withholding, and (ii) the Fund shareholder is not otherwise exempt from backup withholding. Non-U.S. shareholders can qualify for exemption from backup withholding by submitting a properly completed IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E. Backup withholding is not an additional tax and any amount withheld may be credited against a Fund shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability.

 

Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act

 

The U.S. Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (“ FATCA ”) generally imposes a 30% withholding tax on “withholdable payments” (defined below) made to (i) a “foreign financial institution” (“ FFI ”), unless the FFI enters into an agreement with the IRS to provide information regarding certain of its direct and indirect U.S. account holders and satisfy certain due diligence and other specified requirements, and (ii) a “non-financial foreign entity” (“ NFFE ”) unless such NFFE provides certain information to the withholding agent about certain of its direct and indirect “substantial U.S. owners” or certifies that it has no such U.S. owners. The beneficial owner of a “withholdable payment” may be eligible for a refund or credit of the withheld tax. The U.S. government also has entered into several intergovernmental agreements with other jurisdictions to provide an alternative, and generally easier, approach for FFIs to comply with FATCA.

 

“Withholdable payments” generally include, among other items, (i) U.S.-source interest and dividends, and (ii) gross proceeds from the sale or disposition, occurring on or after January 1, 2019, of property of a type that can produce U.S.-source interest or dividends.

 

A Fund may be required to impose a 30% withholding tax on withholdable payments to a shareholder if the shareholder fails to provide the Fund with the information, certifications or documentation required under FATCA, including information, certification or documentation necessary for the Fund to determine if the shareholder is a non-U.S. shareholder or a U.S. shareholder and, if it is a non-U.S. shareholder, if the non-U.S. shareholder has “substantial U.S. owners” and/or is in compliance with (or meets an exception from) FATCA requirements. A Fund will not pay any additional amounts to shareholders in respect of any amounts withheld. A Fund may disclose any shareholder information, certifications or documentation to the IRS or other parties as necessary to comply with FATCA.

 

The requirements of, and exceptions from, FATCA are complex. All prospective shareholders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the potential application of FATCA with respect to their own situation.

 

The Trust, on behalf of each Fund, has the right to reject an order for a purchase of shares of the Fund if the purchaser (or any group of purchasers) would, upon obtaining the shares so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding shares of a given Fund and if, pursuant to Section 351 of the Code, that Fund would have a basis in the Deposit Securities different from the market value of such securities on the date of deposit. The Trust also has the right to require information necessary to determine beneficial share ownership for purposes of the 80% determination.

 

OTHER INFORMATION

 

The Funds are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by the Bats BZX. Bats BZX makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of Shares or any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in securities generally or in the Funds particularly or the ability of the Funds to achieve

 

S- 63  

 

 

their objective. Bats BZX has no obligation or liability in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the Funds.

 

For purposes of the 1940 Act, the Funds are registered investment companies, and the acquisition of Shares by other registered investment companies and companies relying on exemption from registration as investment companies under Section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act is subject to the restrictions of Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act, except as permitted by an exemptive order that permits registered investment companies to invest in the Funds beyond those limitations.

 

Shareholder inquiries may be made by writing to the Trust, c/o Active Weighting Advisors LLC, 200 Vesey Street, 24 th Floor, New York, NY 10281.

 

S- 64  

 

 

APPENDIX A

 

Corporate Bond Ratings

 

Moody’s Investors Service, Inc.

 

Aaa: Bonds which are rated Aaa are judged to be of the best quality. They carry the smallest degree of investment risk and are generally referred to as “gilt edge.” Interest payments are protected by a large or by an exceptionally stable margin and principal is secure. While the various protective elements are likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to impair the fundamentally strong position of such issues.

 

Aa: Bonds which are rated Aa are judged to be of high quality by all standards. Together with the Aaa group they comprise what are generally known as high grade bonds. They are rated lower than the best bonds because margins of protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities or fluctuations or protective elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements present which make long-term risks appear somewhat larger than in Aaa securities.

 

A: Bonds which are rated A possess many favorable investment attributes and are to be considered as upper medium grade obligations. Factors giving security to principal and interest are considered adequate but elements may be present which suggest a susceptibility to impairment sometime in the future.

 

Baa: Bonds which are rated Baa are considered as medium grade obligations, i.e., they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured. Interest payments and principal security appear adequate for the present but certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over any great length of time. Such bonds lack outstanding investment characteristics and in fact have speculative characteristics as well.

 

Ba: Bonds which are rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements; their future cannot be considered as well-assured. Often the protection of interest and principal payments may be very moderate, and thereby not well safeguarded during both good and bad times over the future. Uncertainty of position characterizes bonds in this class.

 

B: Bonds which are rated B generally lack characteristics of the desirable investment. Assurance of interest and principal payments or of maintenance of other terms of the contract over any long period of time may be small.

 

Caa: Bonds which are rated Caa are of poor standing. Such issues may be in default or there may be present elements of danger with respect to principal or interest.

 

Ca: Bonds which are rated Ca represent obligations which are speculative in a high degree. Such issues are often in default or have other marked shortcomings.

 

C: Bonds which are rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds, and issues so rated can be regarded as having extremely poor prospect of ever attaining any real investment standing. Moody’s applies numerical modifiers, 1, 2 and 3 in each generic rating classification from Aa through B in its corporate bond rating system. The modified 1 indicates that the security ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates that the issue ranks in the lower end of its generic rating category.

 

Standard & Poor’s Ratings Group

 

AAA: Bonds rated AAA are highest grade debt obligations. This rating indicates an extremely strong capacity to pay principal and interest.

 

AA: Bonds rated AA also qualify as high-quality debt obligations. Capacity to pay principal and interest is very strong, and in the majority of instances they differ from AAA issues only in small degree.

 

A: Bonds rated A have a strong capacity to pay principal and interest, although they are more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions.

 

S- 65  

 

 

BBB: Bonds rated BBB are regarded as having an adequate capacity to pay principal and interest. Whereas they normally exhibit adequate protection parameters, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity to pay principal and interest for bonds in this category than for bonds in the A category.

 

BB, B, CCC, CC, C: Bonds rated BB, B, CCC, CC and C are regarded on balance as predominantly speculative with respect to capacity to pay interest and repay principal BB indicates the least degree of speculation and C the highest. While such debt will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these are outweighed by large uncertainties or major risk exposure to adverse conditions.

 

BB: Bonds rated BB have less near-term vulnerability to default than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to inadequate capacity to meet timely interest and principal payments. The BB rating category is also used for debt subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied BBB- rating.

 

B: Bonds rated B have a greater vulnerability to default but currently have the capacity to meet interest payments and principal repayments. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair capacity or willingness to pay interest and repay principal. The B rating category is also used for debt subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied BB or BB-rating.

 

CCC: Bonds rated CCC have a currently identifiable vulnerability to default and are dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions to meet timely payment of interest and repayment of principal. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, it is not likely to have the capacity to pay interest and repay principal. The CCC rating category is also used for debt subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied B or B- rating.

 

CC: The rating CC typically is applied to debt subordinated to senior debt which is assigned an actual or implied CCC- debt rating. The C rating may be used to cover a situation where a bankruptcy petition has been filed, but debt service payments are continued.

 

CI: The rating CI is reserved for income bonds on which no interest is being paid.

 

D: Bonds rated D are in payment default. The D rating category is used when interest payments or principal payments are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless S&P believes that such payments are jeopardized.

 

Plus (+) or Minus (-): The ratings from AA to CCC may be modified by the addition of a plus or minus sign to show relative standing with the major categories.

 

Commercial Paper Ratings

 

Moody’s Investors Service, Inc.

 

Prime-1--Issuers (or related supporting institutions) rated “Prime-1” have a superior ability for repayment of senior short-term debt obligations. “Prime-1” repayment ability will often be evidenced by many of the following characteristics: leading market positions in well-established industries, high rates of return on funds employed, conservative capitalization structures with moderate reliance on debt and ample asset protection, broad margins in earnings coverage of fixed financial charges and high internal cash generation, and well-established access to a range of financial markets and assured sources of alternate liquidity.

 

Prime-2--Issuers (or related supporting institutions) rated “Prime-2” have a strong ability for repayment of senior short-term debt obligations. This will normally be evidenced by many of the characteristics cited above but to a lesser degree. Earnings trends and coverage ratios, while sound, will be more subject to variation. Capitalization characteristics, while still appropriate, may be more affected by external conditions. Ample alternative liquidity is maintained.

 

S- 66  

 

 

 

Standard & Poor’s Ratings Group

 

A-1--This highest category indicates that the degree of safety regarding timely payment is strong. Those issues determined to possess extremely strong safety characteristics are denoted with a plus (+) sign designation.

 

A-2--Capacity for timely payment on issues with this designation is satisfactory. However, the relative degree of safety is not as high as for issues designated “A-1”.

 

 

S- 67  

 

 

APPENDIX B

 

LOCAL MARKET HOLIDAY SCHEDULES

 

The Trust generally intends to effect deliveries of portfolio securities on a basis of “T” plus two business days ( i.e. , days on which the NYSE is open). The ability of the Trust to effect In Kind Redemptions within two business days of receipt of a redemption request is subject, among other things, to the condition that, within the time period from the date of the request to the date of delivery of the securities, there are no days that are local market holidays on the relevant business days. For every occurrence of one or more intervening holidays in the local market that are not holidays observed in the United States, the redemption settlement cycle may be extended by the number of such intervening local holidays. In addition to holidays, other unforeseeable closings in a foreign market due to emergencies may also prevent the Trust from delivering securities within two business days.

 

The securities delivery cycles currently practicable for transferring portfolio securities to redeeming investors, coupled with local market holiday schedules, may require a delivery process longer than the standard settlement period. In certain circumstances during the calendar year, the settlement period may be greater than seven calendar days. Such periods are listed in the table below, as are instances where more than seven days will be needed to deliver redemption proceeds. Since certain holidays may occur on different dates in subsequent years, the number of days required to deliver redemption proceeds in any given year may exceed the maximum number of days listed in the table below. The proclamation of new holidays, the treatment by market participants of certain days as “informal holidays” ( e.g. , days on which no or limited securities transactions occur, as a result of substantially shortened trading hours), the elimination of existing holidays, or changes in local securities delivery practices, could affect the information set forth herein at some time in the future and longer (worse) redemption periods are possible.

 

Listed below are the dates in calendar year 2017 in which the regular holidays in non-U.S. markets may impact Fund settlement. This list is based on information available to the Funds. The list may not be accurate or complete and is subject to change:

 

Argentina   Australia   Austria   Bahrain   Belgium   Brazil

February 27-28

March 24

April 13-14 

May 1, 25 

June 20 

August 21 

October 9 

November 6, 27 

December 8, 25

 

January 2, 26 

April 14, 17, 25 

June 12 

December 25-26 

 

January 6 

April 14, 17 

May 1, 25 

June 5, 15 

August 15 

October 26 

November 1 

December 8, 

25-26 

 

January 1 

May 1 

June 25-27 

September 1-3, 21, 29-30 

November 30 

December 17 

*Market closed every Friday and open on every Sunday 

 

April 14, 17 

May 1 

December 25, 26 

 

January 25  

February 27-28 

March 1 

April 14, 21 

May 1 

June 15 

September 7 

October 12 

November 2, 15, 20 

December 25, 29

 

Canada   Chile   China   Colombia   Czech Republic   Denmark

January 2 

February 20 

April 14 

May 22 

July 3 

August 7 

September 4 

October 9 

December 25, 26

 

January 2 

April 14 

May 1 

June 26 

August 15 

September 18-19 

October 9, 27 

November 1 

December 8, 25

 

January 2, 27, 30-31 

February 1-2 

April 3-4 

May 1, 29-30 

October 2-6 

 

January 9

March 20

April 13-14 

May 1, 29 

June 19, 26

July 3, 20 

August 7, 21 

October 16

November 6, 13 

December 8, 25

 

April 14, 17 

May 1, 8 

July 5-6 

September 28 

November 17 

December 25-26

 

 

April 13-14, 17 

May 12, 25-26 

June 5 

December 25-26

 

 

S- 68  

 

 

Egypt   Finland   France   Germany   Greece   Hong Kong

January 1, 7, 25

April 25

May 1-2

June 30

July 7-9, 23

September 13-16

October 3, 6

December 12

*Market closed every Friday and open on every Sunday

 

January 6

April 14, 17

May 1, 25

December 6, 25-26

 

April 14, 17

May 1

December 25, 26

 

April 14, 17

May 1

June 5

October 3, 31

December 25, 26 

 

January 1

February 27

April 14, 17

May 1

June 5

August 15

December 25, 26

 

January 2, 27, 30, 31

April 4, 14, 17

May 1, 3, 30

October 2, 5

December 25, 26

 

Hungary   India   Indonesia   Ireland   Israel   Italy

March 15

April 14, 17

May 1

June 5

October 23

November 1

December 25, 26

 

January 26

February 24

March 24

April 4, 14

May 1

June 26

August 15, 25

October 2, 19, 20

December 25

 

January 2

March 28

April 14, 24

May 1, 11, 25

June 1, 26-30

August 17

September 1, 21

December 1, 25-26

 

January 2

April 14, 17

May 1

June 5

December 22, 25, 26, 29

 

March 12

April 10-13, 16, 17

May 1, 2, 30, 31

August

September 20, 21

October 4, 5, 8-12

*Market closed every Friday and open on every Sunday

 

April 14, 17

May 1

August 15

December 25, 26

 

Japan   Jordan   Kuwait   Lebanon   Malaysia   Mauritius

January 2, 3, 9

May 1, 25

June 25-28

August 31

September 1-4, 21

November 30

December 25

 

January 1

March 25, 28

May 5

May 16, 20, 31

July 14-15

August 15

October 31

November 1, 11

December 26

*Market closed every Friday and open on every Sunday

 

January 1

February 26

April 24

June 26-28

September 3-4

December 31

*Market closed
every Friday and
open on every
Sunday

 

 

January 6

February 9

April 14, 25

May 1

August 15

November 22

December 25

 

January 2, 30

February 1, 9

May 1, 10

June 12, 26, 27

August 31

September 1, 21

October 18

December 1, 25

 

January 2

February 1, 9, 24

March 29

May 1

June 26

July 4-8

October 19

November 1, 2

December 1, 25

 

Mexico   Morocco   Netherlands   New Zealand   Norway   Oman

February 6

March 20

April 13, 14

May 1

November 2, 20

December 12, 25

 

January 11

May 1

June 26

August 14, 21

September 1, 22

 

April 14, 17

May 1

December 25, 26

 

January 2, 3

February 6

April 14, 17, 25

June 5

October 23

 

April 12-14, 17

May 1, 17, 25

June 5

December 25, 26

 

April 24

June 26

July 23

September 1, 22

November 19

*Market closed every Friday and open on every Sunday

 

S- 69  

 

 

Peru   Philippines   Poland   Portugal   Qatar   Russia

April 13-14

May 1

June 29

July 28

August 30

November 1

December 8, 25

 

January 2

April 13, 14

May 1

June 12

August 21, 28

October 31

November 1, 30

December 25

 

January 6

April 14, 17

May 1, 3

June 15

August 15

November 1

December 25, 26

 

April 14, 17

May 1 

December 25, 26

April 13, 14

May 1

November 3, 10, 28

December 8, 25

 

January 1

February 14

March 5

June 25-27

September 1-3

December 18

*Market closed every Friday and open on every Sunday

 

January 2

February 23

March 8

May 1, 8, 9

November 6

 

Singapore   South Africa   South Korea   Spain   Sweden   Switzerland

January 2, 30

April 14

May 1, 10

June 26

August 9

September 1

October 18

December 25

 

January 2

March 21

April 14, 17, 27

May 1

June 16

August 9

September 25

December 25, 26

 

January 27, 30

March 1

May 1, 3, 5

June 6

August 15

October 3, 4-6, 9

December 20, 25, 29

 

April 14, 17

May 1

December 25, 26

 

January 5-6

April 13, 14, 17

May 1, 24, 25

June 6, 23

November 3

December 25, 26

 

January 2

April 14, 17

May 1, 25

June 5

August 1

December 25, 26

 

Taiwan   Thailand   Turkey   U.A.E.   United Kingdom

January 2,25-27,30,31

February 1,27,28

April 3, 4

May 1, 29, 30

October 4, 9, 10

 

January 2,3

February13

April 6,13,14

May 1, 5, 10 

July 10 

August 14

October 23

December 5, 11

 

May 1, 19

June 25-27

August 30, 31

September 1, 4

 

January 1

May 5

July 7-9

September 12-15

October 3

November 30

December 2, 12

*Market closed every Friday and open on every Sunday

 

January 2

April 14, 17

May 1, 29

August 28

December 22, 25,26,29

 

S- 70  

 

 

Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust

 

Republican Policies Fund

 

Seed Financial Statement

 

August 25, 2017

 

 

 

 

 

Table of Contents

 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 1
   
Statement of Assets and Liabilities 2
   
Notes to the Financial Statement 3

 

 

 

 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

The Board of Trustees and Shareholders of the Republican Polices Fund

 

We have audited the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities of Republican Policies Fund (the “Fund”), one of the investment funds constituting Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust as of August 25, 2017. The financial statement is the responsibility of the Fund’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on this financial statement based on our audit.

 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statement is free of material misstatement. We were not engaged to perform an audit of the Fund’s internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Fund’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statement, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the financial statement referred to above presents fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Republican Policies Fund at August 25, 2017, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

 

 

 

New York, NY

October 2, 2017

 

1  

 

 

Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust

 

Statement of Assets and Liabilities

 

August 25, 2017

 

(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)

 

 

Republican Policies Fund

Assets:  
   Cash $100,000
      Total Assets $100,000
   
Liabilities:  
       Total Liabilities $0
   

Net Assets (applicable to 5,000 Shares outstanding, no par value, unlimited number of shares authorized)

 

$100,000
   
Net asset value, offering, and redemption price per Share outstanding $20.00

 

See accompanying Notes to the Financial Statement.

 

 

2  

 

 

Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust

 

Republican Policies Fund

 

Notes to the Financial Statement

 

Note 1: Organization

 

Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust (the “Trust”) is a newly organized, diversified, open-end management investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). The Trust is organized as a Delaware statutory trust by an Agreement and Declaration of Trust dated January 13, 2017. The Trust currently consists of four investment portfolios: the Republican Policies Fund, the Democratic Policies Fund, the U.S. Tax Reform Fund, and the European Union Breakup Fund (each, a “Fund” and together, the “Funds”). The Republican Policies Fund’s investment objective is to seek capital appreciation by investing in market segments that Active Weighting Advisors LLC (the “Advisor”) believes will be impacted by the enactment of Republican Policies. The Advisor is registered as an investment adviser with the SEC under the 1940 Act.

 

The Funds have had no operations as of August 25, 2017, other than matters relating to its organization and registration as an open-end management investment company under the 1940 Act, and the sale and issuance to the Advisor of 5,000 Shares of the Republican Policies Fund at an aggregate purchase price of $100,000.

 

Note 2: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

The Fund is an investment company and accordingly follows the investment company accounting and reporting guidance of the Financial Account Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standard Codification Topic 946 Financial Services — Investment Companies. The Fund prepares its financial statement in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) in the United States of America and follows the significant accounting policies described below.

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of the financial statement in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and disclosures in the financial statement. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

 

Cash

 

Cash includes non-interest bearing non-restricted cash with one financial institution. The Fund considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

 

Income Taxes

 

The Fund intends to qualify as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. To qualify and remain eligible for the special tax treatment accorded to RICs, the Fund must meet certain annual income and quarterly asset diversification requirements and must distribute annually at least 90% of the sum of (i) its investment company taxable income (which includes dividends, interest and net short-term capital gains) and (ii) certain net tax-exempt income, if any. If so qualified, the Fund will not be subject to federal income tax to the extent the Fund distributes substantially all of its net investment income and capital gains to shareholders.

 

3  

 

 

 

Indemnification

 

In the normal course of business, the Fund expects to enter into contracts that contain a variety of representations and warranties and which provide general indemnifications. The Fund’s maximum exposure under these anticipated arrangements is unknown, as this would involve future claims that may be made against the Fund that have not yet occurred. However, the Advisor expects the risk of loss to be remote.

 

Note 3: Investment Management Agreement

 

The Trust and the Advisor intend to enter into an Advisory Agreement, under the terms of which the Advisor will provide investment advice and have overall responsibility for the general management and administration of the Fund. The Fund pays the Advisor as compensation under the Advisory Agreement an annual fee in the amount of 0.75% of the average daily net assets of the Fund.

 

The Advisor intends to enter an expense limitation agreement with the Fund under which it agrees, through October 31, 2018, to waive or reduce its fees and to assume other expenses of the Fund, if necessary, in an amount that limits ‘‘Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses’’, which includes the advisory fee of 0.75%, to not more than 0.75% of the average daily net assets for the Fund. Under the expense limitation agreement, the Fund will not pay any expenses above the advisory fee through October 31, 2018 as the expense limitation amount is equal to the advisory fee.

 

Note 4: Administrator, Transfer Agent, Custodian and Distributor

 

The Bank of New York Mellon serves as administrator of the Fund, custodian of the Fund’s assets, and transfer agent and fund accounting agent of the Fund. Under the terms of the agreements, the Advisor pays the Fund’s administrative, custody, and transfer agency fees. The Bank of New York Mellon is a subsidiary of The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation, a financial holding company.

 

The Fund intends to enter into an agreement with Foreside Fund Services, LLC to serve as the Distributor of the Fund. The Distributor will enter into agreements with certain broker-dealers and others that will allow those parties to be “Authorized Participants” and to subscribe for and redeem shares of the Fund. Under the terms of the agreements, the Advisor pays the Fund’s distribution fees.

 

Note 5: Organization and Offering Costs

 

The Advisor has agreed to pay all organizational and offering costs of the Fund. The Trust and the Fund do not have an obligation to reimburse the Advisor and its affiliates for organization and offering costs paid on their behalf.

 

Note 6: Capital

 

The Fund issues and redeems shares on a continuous basis at net asset value (“NAV”) per share in groups of 25,000 shares called “Creation Units”. Except when aggregated in Creation Units, shares are not redeemable securities of the Fund.

 

Only “Authorized Participants” may purchase or redeem shares directly from the Fund. An Authorized Participant is either (i) a broker-dealer or other participant in the clearing process through the Continuous Net Settlement System of National Securities Clearing Corporation or (ii) a DTC participant and, in each case, must have executed a Participant Agreement with the Distributor. Most retail investors will not qualify as Authorized Participants or have the resources to buy and sell whole Creation Units. Therefore, they will be unable to purchase or redeem the shares directly from the Fund. Rather, most retail investors will purchase shares in the secondary market with the assistance of a broker and will not be subject to customary brokerage commissions or fees.

 

4  

 

 

 

Note 7: Subsequent Events

   

Management has evaluated events and transactions occurring through the date of when the financial statement is available for issuance. Such evaluations resulted in no adjustments or disclosures to the accompanying financial statement.

 

5  

 

 

PART C
OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item 28. Exhibits

 

(a) Declaration of Trust of Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust (“ Registrant ”), filed previously with the Registration Statement on Form N-1A on January 17, 2017.

 

(b)

By-Laws of Registrant filed previously with the Registration Statement on Form N-1A on January 17, 2017.

 

(c) Articles IV, VII and VIII of the Declaration of Trust, Exhibit 28(a) above, define the rights of holders of the securities being registered. (Certificates for shares are not issued.)

 

(d)(1) Advisory Agreement between the Registrant and Active Weighting Advisors LLC (“ Advisor ”), as investment adviser for the Registrant and each of its investment portfolios (the “ Funds ”).*

 

(d)(2) Expense Limitation Agreement between the Registrant and the Advisor.*

 

(e)(1) Distribution Agreement.*

 

(e)(2) Form of Authorized Participant Agreement.*

 

(f) Not applicable.

 

(g) Custody Agreement.*

 

(h)(1) Fund Administration and Accounting Agreement.*

 

(h)(2) Transfer Agency Agreement.*

 

(h)(3) Securities Lending Agreement.*

 

(h)(4) Form of Purchasing Fund Agreement.*

  

(i) Opinion and Consent of Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP regarding the legality of securities registered with respect to the Registrant.*

 

(j) Consent of independent registered public accounting firm.*

 

(k) Not applicable.

 

(l) Not applicable.

 

(m) Plan of Distribution Pursuant to Rule 12b-1.*

 

(n) Not applicable.

 

(o) Reserved.

 

(p)(1) Code of Ethics for the Registrant.*

 

(p)(2) Code of Ethics for the Advisor.*

 

(p)(3) Code of Ethics for the Distributor.*

 

C- 1

 

 

(q)

Powers of Attorney executed by John Jacobs, Gene Chao and Matthew Clements.*

 

* Filed herewith.

        

Item 29. Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control with Registrant.

 

Not Applicable.

 

Item 30. Indemnification

 

Under Delaware law, Section 3817 of the Treatment of Delaware Statutory Trusts empowers Delaware business trusts to indemnify and hold harmless any trustee or beneficial owner or other person from and against any and all claims and demands whatsoever, subject to such standards and restrictions as may be set forth in the governing instrument of the business trust. The Registrant’s Declaration of Trust contains the following provisions:

 

Section 8.1.1           General Limitation of Liability . No personal liability for any debt or obligation of the Trust shall attach to any Trustee of the Trust. Without limiting the foregoing, a Trustee shall not be responsible for or liable in any event for any neglect or wrongdoing of any officer, agent, employee, investment advisor, subadvisor, principle underwriter or custodian of the Trust, nor shall any Trustee be responsible or liable for the act or omission of any other Trustee. Every note, bond, contract, instrument, certificate, Share or undertaking and every other act or thing whatsoever executed or done by or on behalf of the Trust or the Trustees or any Trustee in connection with Trust shall be conclusively deemed to have been executed or done only in or with respect to their, his or her capacity as Trustees or Trustee and neither such Trustees or Trustee nor the Shareholders shall be personally liable thereon

 

Section 8.2               Liability of Trustee . The exercise by the Trustees of their powers and discretion hereunder shall be binding upon the Trust, the Shareholders and any other person dealing with the Trust. The liability of the Trustees, however, shall be limited by this Section 8.2.

 

Section 8.2.1          Liability for Own Actions . A Trustee shall be liable to the Trust or the Shareholders only for his or her own willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of the office of Trustee, and for nothing else, and shall not be liable for errors of judgment or mistakes of fact or law.

 

Section 8.2.2          Liability for Actions of Others . The Trustees shall not be responsible or liable in any event for any neglect or wrongdoing of any officer, agent, employee, consultant, advisor, administrative distributor, principal underwriter, custodian, transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent, Shareholder servicing agent or accounting agent of the Trust, nor shall any Trustee be responsible for any act or omission of any other Trustee.

 

Section 8.2.3          Advice of Experts and Reports of Others . The Trustees may take advice of counsel or other experts with respect to the meaning and operation of this Declaration of Trust and their duties as Trustees hereunder, and shall be under no liability for any act or omission in accordance with such advice or for failing to follow such advice. In discharging their duties, the Trustees, when acting in good faith, shall be entitled to rely upon the books of account of the Trust and upon written reports made to the Trustees by any officers appointed by them, any independent public accountant and (with respect to the subject matter of the contract involved) any officer, partner or responsible employee of any other party to any contract entered into hereunder.

 

Section 8.4              Liability of Shareholders . Without limiting the provisions of this Section 8.4 or the DSTA, the Shareholders shall be entitled to the same limitation of personal liability extended to stockholders of private corporations organized for profit under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.

 

C- 2

 

 

Section 8.4.1          Limitation of Liability . No personal liability for any debt or obligation of the Trust shall attach to any Shareholder or former Shareholder of the Trust, and neither the Trustees, nor any officer, employee or agent of the Trust shall have any power to bind any Shareholder personally or to call upon any Shareholder for the payment of any sum of money or assessment whatsoever other than such as the Shareholder may at any time personally agree to pay by way of subscription for any Shares or otherwise.

 

Section 8.4.2          Indemnification of Shareholders . In case any Shareholder or former Shareholder of the Trust shall be held to be personally liable solely by reason of being or having been a Shareholder and not because of such Shareholder’s acts or omissions or for some other reason, the Shareholder or former Shareholder (or, in the case of a natural person, his or her heirs, executors, administrators or other legal representatives or, in the case of a corporation or other entity, its corporate or other general successor) shall be entitled out of the assets of the Trust to be held harmless from and indemnified against all loss and expense arising from such liability; provided, however, there shall be no liability or obligation of the Trust arising hereunder to reimburse any Shareholder for taxes paid by reason of such Shareholder’s ownership of any Shares or for losses suffered by reason of any changes in value of any Trust assets. The Trust shall, upon request by the Shareholder or former Shareholder, assume the defense of any claim made against the Shareholder for any act or obligation of the Trust and satisfy any judgment thereon.

 

Section 8.5               Indemnification.

 

Section 8.5.1          Indemnification of Covered Persons . Subject to the exceptions and limitations contained in Section 8.5.2, every person who is or has been a Trustee, officer, employee or agent of the Trust, including persons who serve at the request of the Trust as directors, trustees, officers, employees or agents of another organization in which the Trust has an interest as a shareholder, creditor or otherwise (each, a “ Covered Person ”), shall be indemnified by the Trust to the fullest extent permitted by law against liability and against all expenses reasonably incurred or paid by him or her in connection with any claim, action, suit or proceeding in which he or she becomes involved as a party or otherwise by virtue of his or her being or having been such a director, trustee, officer, employee or agent and against amounts paid or incurred by him or her in settlement thereof.

 

Section 8.5.2          Exceptions . No indemnification shall be provided hereunder to a Covered Person:

(a)              for any liability to the Trust or its Shareholders arising out of a final adjudication by the court or other body before which the proceeding was brought that the Covered Persons engaged in willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office;

(b)              with respect to any matter as to which the Covered Person shall have been finally adjudicated not to have acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that his or her action was in the best interests of the Trust; or

(c)              in the event of a settlement or other disposition not involving a final adjudication (as provided in paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section 8.5.2) and resulting in a payment by a Covered Person, unless there has been either a determination that such Covered Person did not engage in willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office or position by the court or other body approving the settlement or other disposition, or a reasonable determination, based on a review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry), that he or she did not engage in such conduct, such determination being made by: (i) a vote of a majority of the Disinterested Trustees (as such term is defined in Section 8.5.2) acting on the matter (provided that a majority of Disinterested Trustees then in office act on the matter); or (ii) a written opinion of independent legal counsel.

 

C- 3

 

 

Section 8.5.3          Rights of Indemnification . The rights of indemnification herein provided may be insured against by policies maintained by the Trust, and shall be severable, shall not affect any other rights to which any Covered Person may now or hereafter be entitled, shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a Covered Person, and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person. Nothing contained herein shall affect any rights to indemnification to which Trust personnel other than Covered Persons may be entitled by contract or otherwise under law.

 

Section 8.5.4          Expenses of Indemnification . Expenses of preparation and presentation of a defense to any claim, action, suit or proceeding subject to a claim for indemnification under this Section 8.5 shall be advanced by the Trust prior to final disposition thereof upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the recipient to repay such amount if it is ultimately determined that he or she is not entitled to indemnification under this Section 8.5, provided that either:

(a)              Such undertaking is secured by a surety bond or some other appropriate security of the Trust shall be insured against losses arising out of any such advances; or

(b)              a majority of the Disinterested Trustees acting on the matter (provided that a majority of the Disinterested Trustees then in office act on the matter) or independent legal counsel in a written opinion shall determine, based upon a review of the readily available facts (as opposed to the facts available upon a full trial), that there is a reason to believe that the recipient ultimately will be found entitled to indemnification.

 

Section 8.5.5          Certain Defined Terms Relating to Indemnification . As used in this Section 8.5, the following words shall have the meanings set forth below:

(a)              “Claim,” “action,” “suit” or “proceeding” shall apply to all claims, actions, suits, proceedings (civil, criminal, administrative or other, including appeals), actual or threatened;

(b)              a “Disinterested Trustee” is one (i) who is not an Interested Person of the Trust (including anyone, as such Disinterested Trustee, who has been exempted from being an Interested Person by any rule, regulation or order of the Commission), and (ii) against whom none of such actions, suits or other proceedings or another action, suit or other proceeding on the same or similar grounds is then or has been pending; and

(c)              “Liability” and “expenses” shall include, without limitation, attorneys’ fees, costs, judgments, amounts paid in settlement, fines, penalties and other liabilities.

 

Section 8.6             Jurisdiction, Venue, and Waiver of Jury Trial . In accordance with Section 3804(e) of the DSTA, any suit, action or proceeding brought by or in the right of any Shareholder or any person claiming any interest in any Shares seeking to enforce any provision of, or based on any matter arising out of, or in connection with, this Declaration of Trust or the Trust, any Series or Class or any Shares, including any claim of any nature against the Trust, any Series or Class, the Trustees or officers of the Trust, shall be brought exclusively in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware to the extent there is subject matter jurisdiction in such court for the claims asserted or, if not, then in the Superior Court of the State of Delaware, and all Shareholders and other such Persons hereby irrevocably consent to the jurisdiction of such courts (and the appropriate appellate courts therefrom) in any such suit, action or proceeding and irrevocably waive, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any objection they may make now or hereafter have to the laying of the venue of any such suit, action or proceeding in such court or that any such suit, action or proceeding brought in any such court has been brought in an inconvenient forum and further, IN CONNECTION WITH ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION, OR PROCEEDING BROUGHT IN THE SUPERIOR COURT IN THE STATE OF DELAWARE, ALL SHAREHOLDERS AND ALL OTHER SUCH PERSONS HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVE THE RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW. All Shareholders and other such persons agree that service of summons, complaint or other process in connection with any proceedings may be made by registered or certified mail or by overnight courier addressed to such person at the address shown on the books and records of the Trust for such person or at the address of the person shown on the books and records of the Trust with respect to the Shares that such person claims an interest in. Service of process in any such

 

C- 4

 

 

suit, action or proceeding against the Trust or any Trustee or officer of the Trust may be made at the address of the Trust’s registered agent in the State of Delaware. Any service so made shall be effective as if personally made in the State of Delaware.

 

In addition, the Registrant has entered into an Advisory Agreement with its Advisor and a Distribution Agreement with its Distributor. These agreements provide indemnification for those entities and their affiliates. The Advisor’s and Distributor’s personnel may serve as trustees and officers of the Trust. The Advisory Agreement with the Fund provides that the Advisor will not be liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss suffered by the Fund, except a loss resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on the part of the Advisor or from reckless disregard by the Advisor of its obligations or duties under the Agreement. Under the Distribution Agreement, the Registrant will indemnify Foreside Fund Services, LLC against certain liabilities.

 

Insofar as indemnification for liability arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“ 1933 Act ”), may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant by the Registrant pursuant to the Declaration of Trust or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the 1933 Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by trustees, officers or controlling persons of the Registrant in connection with the successful defense of any act, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such trustees, officers or controlling persons in connection with the shares being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the 1933 Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issues.

 

Trustees and officers liability policies purchased by the Registrant insure the Registrant and their respective trustees, partners, officers and employees, subject to the policies’ coverage limits and exclusions and varying deductibles, against loss resulting from claims by reason of any act, error, omission, misstatement, misleading statement, neglect or breach of duty.

 

Item 31. Business and Other Connections of Investment Advisor.

 

The description of the Investment Advisor is found under the caption “Management—Investment Advisor” in the Prospectus and under the caption “Management Services—Advisor” in the Statement of Additional Information constituting Parts A and B, respectively, of this Registration Statement, which are incorporated by reference herein. The Investment Advisor may provide investment advisory services to persons or entities other than the Registrant.

 

Item 32. Distributor

 

Foreside Fund Services, LLC (the “ Distributor ”), Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME 04101 serves as principal underwriter for the following investment companies registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (“ 1940 Act ”).

 

Item 33. Location of Accounts and Records.

 

All accounts, books and other documents required by Section 31(a) of the 1940 Act and the rules thereunder are maintained at:

 

Advisor:  

Active Weighting Advisors LLC

200 Vesey Street, 24th Floor

New York, NY 10281

 

C- 5

 

 

Custodian:  

Bank of New York Mellon

101 Barclay Street

New York, New York 10286

   
Administrator:  

Bank of New York Mellon

101 Barclay Street

New York, New York 10286

   
Distributor:  

Foreside Fund Services, LLC

Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100

Portland, ME 04101

 

Item 34. Management Services

 

Not applicable.

 

Item 35. Undertakings

 

Not applicable.

 

C- 6

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, the Registrant certifies has duly caused this Pre-Effective Amendment No. 3 to its Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of New York, and State of New York, on the 2 nd day of October, 2017.

 

  ACTIVE WEIGHTING FUNDS ETF TRUST
     
  By: /s/ Jonathon Clements
    Jonathon Clements
    President

  

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Pre-Effective Amendment No. 3 to its Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated:

 

Signature   Title   Date
         
/s/ Gene Chao   Trustee   October 2, 2017
Gene Chao*        
         
/s/ John Jacobs   Trustee   October 2, 2017
John Jacobs*        
         
/s/ Jonathon Clements   President   October 2, 2017
Jonathon Clements        
         
/s/ Matthew Clements   Chief Financial Officer   October 2, 2017
Matthew Clements        
         
* By:        
         
/s/ Matthew  Clements   Chief Financial Officer   October 2, 2017
Matthew Clements **        

  

** Attorney-in-fact pursuant to power of attorney filed herewith.  

 

Exhibit (d)(1)

INVESTMENT ADVISORY AGREEMENT

This Investment Advisory Agreement (this “ Agreement ”) is made and entered into on September 13, 2017, to be effective upon the commencement of operations of the portfolios of the Trust listed on Schedule A attached hereto, by and between Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust, a Delaware statutory trust organized on August 26, 2016 (“ Trust ”), and Active Weighting Advisors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“ Advisor ”).

WHEREAS, the Trust is an open-end management investment company, registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (“ 1940 Act ”);

WHEREAS, the Trust is authorized to issue shares of beneficial interest in separate series with each such series representing interests in a separate portfolio of securities and other assets;

WHEREAS, the Advisor is registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (“ Advisers Act ”), and engages in the business of asset management;

WHEREAS, the Trust desires to retain the Advisor to render certain investment management services to the portfolios of the Trust, each a series of the Trust (each a “ Fund ” and, collectively, “ Funds ”), and the Advisor is willing to render such services; and

WHEREAS, capitalized terms not otherwise defined in this Agreement have the meanings assigned to them in a Fund’s most recent prospectus (“ Prospectus ”).

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants herein contained, the parties hereto agree as follows:

1.                   Obligations of Investment Advisor .

(a)                 Services . The Advisor shall provide a continuous program of investment management for the Funds, subject to the general supervision of the Trust’s Board of Trustees (“ Board ”) and the provisions of this Agreement. Specifically, and without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Advisor agrees to perform the following services (“ Services ”) for each Fund, either directly or through any sub-advisor appointed in accordance with the provisions of subsection (c) below:

(1)                manage the investment and reinvestment of the assets of the Fund for the period and on the terms set forth in this Agreement;

(2)                continuously review, supervise, and administer the investment program of the Fund;

(3)                determine, in its discretion, the securities to be purchased, retained or sold (and implement those decisions) with respect to the Fund;

 

 

(4)                with the assistance of the Fund’s distributor, determine the number of shares of the Fund that will be created or redeemed each Business Day based on the purchase orders submitted by Authorized Participants;

(5)                provide, in a timely manner, such information as may be reasonably requested by the Trust or its designated agents in connection with, among other things, information about the Fund sufficient for a pricing service or other entity to calculate the Intra-Day Indicative Value of the shares of the Fund every fifteen seconds each Business Day;

(6)                provide the Trust and the Fund with records concerning the Advisor’s activities under this Agreement which the Trust and the Fund are required to maintain;

(7)                render regular reports to the Trust’s trustees and officers concerning the Advisor’s discharge of the foregoing responsibilities; and

(8)                arrange for other necessary services, including custodial, transfer agency and administration.

(b)                Control of the Trust . The Advisor shall discharge the responsibilities described in subsection (a) above subject to the control of the trustees and officers of the Trust and in compliance with (i) such policies as the trustees may from time to time establish; (ii) each Fund’s objectives, policies, and limitations as set forth in its most recent Prospectus and statement of additional information (“ SAI ”), as the same may be amended from time to time; and (iii) with all applicable laws and regulations.

(c)                 Sub-Advisor and Agents . All Services to be furnished by the Advisor under this Agreement may be furnished through the medium of any managers, officers or employees of the Advisor or through such other parties (including, without limitation, a sub-advisor) as the Advisor may determine from time to time.

(d)                Expenses and Personnel . The Advisor agrees, at its own expense or at the expense of one or more of its affiliates, to render the Services and to provide the office space, furnishings, equipment and personnel as may be reasonably required in the judgment of the trustees and officers of the Trust to perform the Services on the terms and for the compensation provided herein. The Advisor shall authorize and permit any of its officers, managers and employees, who may be elected as trustees or officers of the Trust, to serve in the capacities in which they are elected. Except to the extent expressly assumed by the Advisor herein and except to the extent required by law to be paid by the Advisor, the Trust shall pay all costs and expenses in connection with its operation.

(e)                 Books and Records . The Advisor hereby undertakes and agrees to maintain all records not maintained by a service provider or a sub-adviser pursuant to their agreements with the Trust or the Advisor, in the form and for the period required by Rule 31a-2 under the 1940 Act.

All books and records prepared and maintained by the Advisor for the Trust and each Fund under this Agreement shall be the property of the Trust and the Fund and, upon request therefor, the Advisor shall surrender to the Trust and the Fund such of the books and records so requested.

2  
 

The Advisor further agrees that it will not disclose or use any records or information obtained pursuant to this Agreement in any manner whatsoever except as authorized in this Agreement and that it will keep confidential any information obtained pursuant to this Agreement and disclose such information only if the Trust has authorized such disclosure, or if such disclosure is required by federal or state regulatory authorities.

(f)                 Additional Services Provided at the Expense of the Trust . The Advisor agrees, at the expense of the Trust or the Advisor, as determined under Section 3(b) hereof, (i) to prepare all required tax returns of the Trust and each Fund, (ii) to prepare and submit reports to existing shareholders, (iii) to update periodically the Prospectuses and SAIs of the Trust and (iv) to prepare reports to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“ SEC ”) and other regulatory authorities. In each case, the Advisor may cause a sub-adviser to perform such duties.

2.                   Fund Transactions .

(a)                 General . The Advisor is authorized to select the brokers or dealers that will execute the purchases and sales of portfolio securities for each Fund. With respect to brokerage selection, the Advisor shall seek to obtain the best overall execution for fund transactions, which is a combination of price, quality of execution and other factors. As permitted by Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“ Section 28(e) ”), the Advisor may pay to a broker which provides brokerage and research services (as such services are defined in Section 28(e)) to the Fund an amount of disclosed commission in excess of the commission which another broker would have charged for effecting that transaction. Such practice is subject to a good faith determination that such commission is reasonable in light of the services provided and to such policies as the Trust’s trustees may adopt from time to time. Such services of brokers are used by the Advisor in connection with all of its investment activities, and some of such services obtained in connection with the execution of transactions for a Fund may be used in managing other investment accounts.

(b)                Mixed-Use Services . On occasion, a broker-dealer might furnish the Advisor with a service which has a mixed use (i.e., the service is used both for investment and brokerage activities and for other activities). Where this occurs, the Advisor will reasonably allocate the cost of the service, so that the portion or specific component which assists in investment and brokerage activities is obtained using portfolio commissions from a Fund or other managed accounts, and the portion or specific component which provides other assistance (for example, administrative or non-research assistance) is paid for by the Advisor from its own funds.

(c)                 Exclusivity . Where the Advisor deems the purchase or sale of a security to be in the best interest of a Fund as well as its other customers (including any other fund or other investment company or advisory account for which the Advisor acts as investment adviser), the Advisor, to the extent permitted by applicable laws and regulations, may aggregate the securities to be sold or purchased for a Fund with those to be sold or purchased for such other customers in order to obtain the best net price and most favorable execution under the circumstances. In such event, allocation of the securities so purchased or sold, as well as the expenses incurred in the transaction, will be made by the Advisor, as applicable, in the manner it considers to be equitable and consistent with its fiduciary obligations to such Fund and such other customers. In some

3  
 

instances, this procedure may adversely affect the price and size of the position obtainable for the Fund.

(d)                Affiliated Broker-Dealers . Broker or dealers selected by the Advisor for the purchase and sale of securities or other investment instruments for a Fund may include a sub-advisor, or brokers or dealers affiliated with a sub-advisor, provided such orders comply with Rules 17e-1 and 10f-3 under the 1940 Act and the Trust’s Rule 17e-1 and Rule 10f-3 Procedures, respectively, in all respects, or any other applicable exemptive rules or orders applicable to the Advisor.

(e)                 Reporting . The Advisor will promptly communicate to the officers and the trustees of the Trust such information relating to portfolio transactions as they may reasonably request.

(f)                 Delegation . The Advisor may delegate or share responsibility for Fund transactions and the terms of this Section 2 with a sub-advisor, pursuant to the terms of Section 1(c).

3.                   Compensation of the Advisor; Expense Allocation .

(a)                 For the services rendered, the facilities furnished and expenses assumed by the Advisor, each Fund shall pay to the Advisor at the end of each calendar month a fee for the Fund calculated as a percentage of the average daily net assets of the Fund at the annual rates set forth in Schedule A of this Agreement. The Advisor’s fee is accrued daily at 1/365th of the applicable annual rate set forth in Schedule A . Schedule A shall be amended from time to time to reflect the addition and/or termination of any Fund as a Fund hereunder and to reflect any change in the advisory fees payable with respect to any Fund duly approved in accordance with Section 8 hereof. For the purpose of the fee accrual, the daily net assets of each Fund are determined in the manner and at the times set forth in the Fund’s current Prospectus and, on days on which the net assets are not so determined, the net asset value computation to be used shall be as determined on the immediately preceding day on which the net assets were determined. In the event of termination of this Agreement, all compensation due through the date of termination will be calculated on a pro-rated basis through the date of termination and paid within fifteen business days of the date of termination. The Advisor may waive all or a portion of its fees provided for hereunder and such waiver will be treated as a reduction in the purchase price of its services. The Advisor shall be contractually bound under this Agreement by the terms of any publicly-announced waiver of its fee, or any limitation of a Fund’s expenses, as if such waiver or limitation were fully set forth in this Agreement. The waiver of any of the Advisor’s fee shall not obligate the Advisor to waive any of its fee on a subsequent occasion. The Advisor may delegate that a third party or affiliate may receive payment of all or a part of the Advisor’s fee.

(b)                The Advisor agrees to pay all expenses of the Trust, except for: (i) brokerage expenses and other expenses (such as stamp taxes) connected with the execution of portfolio transactions or in connection with creation and redemption transactions; (ii) legal fees or expenses in connection with any arbitration, litigation or pending or threatened arbitration or litigation, including any settlements in connection therewith; (iii) compensation and expenses of

4  
 

the Trustees of the Trust who are not officers, directors/trustees, partners or employees of the Advisor or its affiliates (“ Independent Trustees ”); (iv) compensation and expenses of counsel to the Independent Trustees, (iv) compensation and expenses of the Trust’s chief compliance officer; (v) extraordinary expenses; (vi) distribution fees and expenses paid by the Trust under any distribution plan adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act; and (vii) the advisory fee payable to the Advisor hereunder. The payment or assumption by the Advisor of any expense of the Trust that the Advisor is not required by this Agreement to pay or assume shall not obligate the Advisor to pay or assume the same or any similar expense of the Trust on any subsequent occasion.

4.                   Status of Investment Advisor . The services of the Advisor to the Trust and each Fund are not to be deemed exclusive, and the Advisor shall be free to render similar services to others so long as its services to the Trust and the Funds are not impaired thereby. The Advisor shall be deemed to be an independent contractor and shall, unless otherwise expressly provided or authorized, have no authority to act for or represent the Trust or the Funds in any way or otherwise be deemed an agent of the Trust or the Funds. Nothing in this Agreement shall limit or restrict the right of any manager, officer or employee of the Advisor, who may also be a trustee, officer or employee of the Trust, to engage in any other business or to devote his or her time and attention in part to the management or other aspects of any other business, whether of a similar nature or a dissimilar nature.

5.                   Permissible Interests . Trustees, agents, and shareholders of the Trust are or may be interested in the Advisor (or any successor thereof) as managers, officers, members or otherwise; and managers, officers, agents, and members of the Advisor are or may be interested in the Trust as trustees, shareholders or otherwise; and the Advisor (or any successor) is or may be interested in the Trust as a shareholder or otherwise.

6.                   Limits of Liability; Indemnification . The Advisor assumes no responsibility under this Agreement other than to render the services called for hereunder. The Advisor shall not be liable for any error of judgment or for any loss suffered by the Trust or a Fund in connection with the matters to which this Agreement relates, except a loss resulting from a breach of fiduciary duty with respect to receipt of compensation for services (in which case any award of damages shall be limited to the period and the amount set forth in Section 36(b)(3) of the 1940 Act) or a loss resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on its part in the performance of, or from reckless disregard by it of its obligations and duties under, this Agreement. It is agreed that the Advisor shall have no responsibility or liability for the accuracy or completeness of the Trust’s registration statement under the 1940 Act or the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“ 1933 Act ”), except for information supplied by the Advisor for inclusion therein. The Trust agrees to indemnify the Advisor to the full extent permitted by the Trust’s Declaration of Trust.

7.                   Term . This Agreement shall become effective as stated in the Recitals hereto. Unless terminated as provided in this Agreement, this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect for two years from the date of this Agreement. Subsequent to such initial period of effectiveness, this Agreement shall continue in full force and effect for successive periods of one year thereafter provided that such continuance with respect to the Funds is approved at least annually (a) by either the trustees or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as

5  
 

defined in the 1940 Act) of the Funds, and (b) in either event, by the vote of a majority of the trustees who are not parties to this Agreement or “interested persons” (as defined in the 1940 Act) of any such party, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such proposal; provided, however, that:

(a)                 the Trust may, at any time and without the payment of any penalty, terminate this Agreement upon sixty (60) days written notice of a decision to terminate this Agreement by (i) the Trust’s trustees; or (ii) the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Funds;

(b)                the Agreement shall immediately terminate in the event of its assignment (within the meaning of the 1940 Act and the rules promulgated thereunder);

(c)                 the Advisor may, at any time and without the payment of any penalty, terminate this Agreement upon sixty (60) days’ written notice to the Trust and the Funds; and

(d)                the terms of paragraph 6 of this Agreement shall survive the termination of this Agreement.

8.                   Amendments . No provision of this Agreement may be changed, waived, discharged or terminated orally, but only by an instrument in writing signed by the party against which enforcement of the change, waiver, discharge or termination is sought, and no amendment of this Agreement shall be effective with respect to a Fund until approved by (a) to the extent required by applicable law, the vote of the holders of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities and (b) a majority of those trustees of the Trust who are not parties to this Agreement or interested persons of any such party cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval. Additional Funds may be added to Schedule A by written agreement of the Trust and the Advisor.

9.                   Applicable Law . This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with, and governed by, the laws of the State of New York without regard to the principles of the conflict of laws or the choice of laws.

10.               Representations and Warranties .

(a)                 Representations and Warranties of the Advisor . The Advisor hereby represents and warrants to the Trust as follows:

(i)                  the Advisor is a limited liability company duly organized, validly existing, and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware and is fully authorized to enter into this Agreement and carry out its duties and obligations hereunder;

(ii)                the Advisor is registered as an investment adviser with the SEC under the Advisers Act, shall maintain such registration in effect at all times during the term of this Agreement, and shall notify the Trust immediately if the Advisor ceases to be so registered;

(iii)              the Advisor has adopted a written code of ethics complying with the requirements of Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act and Rule 204A-1 under the Advisers Act, and, if

6  
 

it has not already done so, will provide the Trust with a copy of that code, together with evidence of its adoption. Within 20 days of the end of each calendar quarter during which this Agreement remains in effect, the chief compliance officer of the Advisor shall certify to the Trust that the Advisor has complied with the requirements of Rule 17j-1 and Rule 204A-1 (each as amended from time to time) during the previous quarter and that there have been no violations of the Advisor’s code of ethics or, if any material violation(s) of the Advisor’s code of ethics has occurred, that appropriate action has been taken in response to such violation. Upon written request of the Trust, the Advisor shall permit representatives of the Trust to examine the reports (or summaries of the reports) required to be made to the Advisor by Rule 17j-1(c)(1) and other records evidencing enforcement of the code of ethics;

(iv)              the Advisor, pursuant to Rule 206(4)-7 under the Advisers Act, has adopted written policies and procedures designed to prevent violations of the Advisers Act and the rules thereunder, including include policies and procedures designed to minimize potential conflicts of interest among the Funds and any other accounts advised or managed by it or its affiliates, such as cross trading policies, as well as those designed to ensure the equitable allocation of portfolio transactions and brokerage commissions;

(v)                the Advisor has adopted policies and procedures as required under Section 204A of the Advisers Act, which are reasonably designed in light of the nature of its business to prevent the misuse, in violation of the Advisers Act or the Exchange Act or the rules thereunder, of material non-public information by the Advisor or certain associated persons, and has adopted policies and procedures to monitor and restrict securities trading by certain employees of the Advisor; and

(vi)              the Advisor shall not receive any incentive fees for outperforming the underlying index of any Fund.

(b)                Representations and Warranties of the Trust . The Trust hereby represents and warrants to the Advisor as follows: (i) the Trust has been duly organized as a trust under the laws of the State of Delaware and is authorized to enter into this Agreement and carry out its terms; (ii) shares of the Fund are (or will be) registered for offer and sale to the public under the 1933 Act; and (iii) such registrations will be kept in effect during the term of this Agreement.

11.               Liability of Trust and Funds . It is expressly agreed that the obligations of the Trust hereunder shall not be binding upon any of the trustees, shareholders, nominees, officers, agents or employees of the Trust personally, but shall bind only the trust property of the Trust as provided in the Declaration of Trust. This Agreement shall not be deemed to have been made by any of them individually or to impose any liability on them personally. With respect to any obligation of the Trust or a Fund arising under this Agreement, the Advisor shall look for payment or satisfaction of such obligation solely to the assets and property of the Fund to which such obligation relates, and under no circumstances shall the Advisor have the right to set off claims relating to such Fund by applying property of any other series of the Trust. The business and contractual relationships created by this Agreement, consideration for entering into this Agreement, and the consequences of such relationship and consideration relate solely to the Trust and the Funds.

7  
 

12.               Use of Names . The Trust acknowledges that all rights to the names “Active Weighting”, “EventShares” and “Active Weighting Advisors” and any derivatives thereof (“ Names ”), as well as any logos that are now or shall hereafter be associated with Names (“ Logos ”), belong to the Advisor, and that the Trust is being granted a limited license to use such Names and Logos in its name, the name of its series and the name of its classes of shares. In the event that this Agreement is terminated and the Advisor no longer acts as investment adviser to the Trust, the Advisor reserves the right to withdraw from the Trust and the Funds the uses of Names and Logos or any name or logo that would imply a continuing relationship between the Trust or the Funds and the Advisor or any of its affiliates.

13.               Assignment . The Advisor may not assign this Agreement and this Agreement shall automatically terminate in the event of an “assignment,” as such term is defined in Section 2(a)(4) of the 1940 Act. The Advisor shall notify the Trust’s administrator and Board in writing sufficiently in advance of any proposed change of “control,” as defined in Section 2(a)(9) of the 1940 Act, so as to enable the Trust to: (a) consider whether an assignment will occur, (b) consider whether to enter into a new Investment Advisory Agreement with the Advisor, and (c) prepare, file, and deliver any disclosure document, proxy solicitation or other material related to a proposed “change of control”, to a Fund’s shareholders as may be required by applicable law

14.               Severability . If any provision of this Agreement shall be held or made invalid by a court decision, statute, rule or otherwise, the remainder of this Agreement shall not be affected thereby and, to this extent, the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed to be severable.

15.               Notice . Notices of any kind to be given to the Trust pursuant to this Agreement by the Advisor shall be in writing and shall be delivered or mailed to the address listed below of each applicable party in person or by registered or certified mail or a private mail or delivery service providing the sender with notice of receipt or such other address as specified in a notice duly given to the other parties. Notices shall be deemed to have been given on the date delivered personally or by courier service, or three days after sent by registered or certified mail, postage prepaid, return receipt requested.

For: ACTIVE WEIGHTING ADVISORS LLC
200 Vesey Street, 24th Floor

New York, NY 10281
Attn: Matthew Clements, Managing Member

Tel: 646.952.8687

For: ACTIVE WEIGHTING FUNDS ETF TRUST
c/o ACTIVE WEIGHTING ADVISORS LLC
200 Vesey Street, 24th Floor

New York, NY 10281
Attn: Jonathon Clements, President

Tel: 646.952.8687

8  
 

With a copy to:      ARNOLD & PORTER KAYE SCHOLER LLP
250 West 55 th Street
New York, NY 10019
Attn: Kathleen H. Moriarty, Esq.
kathleen.moriarty@apks.com

(212) 836-8276

and

ARNOLD & PORTER KAYE SCHOLER LLP

250 West 55 th Street

New York, NY 10019

Attn: Gregory E. Xethalis, Esq.

gregory.xethalis@apks.com

(212) 836-7730

16.               Miscellaneous . The captions in this Agreement are included for convenience of reference only and in no way define or delimit any of the provisions hereof or otherwise affect their construction or effect. If any provision of this Agreement shall be held or made invalid by a court decision, statute, rule or otherwise, the remainder of this Agreement shall not be affected thereby. This Agreement shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors (subject to Sections 7(b) and 13 hereof). Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, this Agreement shall not be construed to require, or to impose any duty upon, either of the parties to do anything in violation of any applicable laws or regulations. Any provision in this Agreement requiring compliance with any statute or regulation shall mean such statute or regulation as amended and in effect from time to time.

17.               Governing Law . This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York without giving effect to the conflict of laws principles thereof; provided that nothing herein shall be construed to preempt, or to be inconsistent with, any federal law, regulation or rule, including the 1940 Act and the Advisers Act and any rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

[Signature Page to Follow]

9  
 

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed as of the day and the year first written above.

 

ACTIVE WEIGHTING FUNDS ETF TRUST

By: /s/ Jonathon Clements                

Name: Jonathon Clements
Title: President

ACTIVE WEIGHTING ADVISORS LLC

By: /s/ Matthew Clements                

Name: Matthew Clements

Title: Managing Member

 

 

 

 
   

Attest

 

_/s/ Benjamin Phillips                              

Name: Benjamin Phillips

 
10  
 

SCHEDULE A
to
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AGREEMENT

Name of Fund Fee Rate
Republican Policies Fund 0.75%
Democratic Policies Fund 0.75%
U.S. Tax Reform Fund 0.85%
European Union Breakup Fund 0.85%

 

 

 

Exhibit (d)(2)

EXPENSE LIMITATION AGREEMENT

 

ACTIVE WEIGHTING FUNDS ETF TRUST

 

 

This Agreement is made and entered into effective as of September 13, 2017, by and between the funds listed on Schedule A (each, a “Fund” and, collectively, the “Funds”), each a series of shares of Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Trust”) and Active Weighting Advisors LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Advisor”).

WHEREAS, the Trust is a Delaware statutory trust organized under the Certificate of Trust dated August 26, 2016 and is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), as an open-end management company of the series type;

WHEREAS, the Funds are series of the Trust;

WHEREAS, there is one class of interests in each Fund;

WHEREAS, the Trust, on behalf of each Fund, and the Advisor entered into an Investment Advisory Agreement dated September 13, 2017, (“Advisory Agreement”), which continues in effect, pursuant to which the Advisor provides investment advisory services to the Funds; and

WHEREAS, the Funds and the Advisor have determined that it is appropriate and in the best interests of each Fund and its shareholders to set forth and approve the terms by which the Advisor limits the expenses of a Fund, and, therefore, have entered into this Agreement in order to maintain such Fund’s respective expense ratios within the Operating Expense Limit, as defined below, through the Limit Expiration Date set forth for such Fund on Schedule A.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants herein contained, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows:

1. Expense Limitation.

(a) Applicable Expense Limit. To the extent that the aggregate expenses of every character, including but not limited to investment advisory fees of the Advisor (but excluding interest, taxes, brokerage commissions, dividend payments on short sales, other expenditures which are capitalized in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, other extraordinary expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of a Fund’s business, and amounts, if any, payable pursuant to a plan adopted in accordance with Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act) incurred by a Fund in any fiscal year (“Fund Operating Expenses”), exceed the Operating Expense Limit, as defined in Section 1(b) below, such excess amount (the “Excess Amount”) shall be the liability of the Advisor.

(b) Operating Expense Limit. A Fund’s maximum operating expense limit (“Operating Expense Limit) in any year shall be that percentage of the average daily net assets of such Fund (or such class of such Fund, as may be designated), as set forth on Schedule A.

(c) Method of Computation. To determine the Advisor’s liability with respect to the Excess Amount, each month the Fund Operating Expenses for a Fund shall be annualized as of the last day of the month. If the annualized Fund Operating Expenses for any month exceed the Operating Expense Limit of such Fund, the Advisor shall first waive or reduce its investment advisory fee for such month by an amount sufficient to reduce the annualized Fund Operating Expenses to an amount no higher than the

 
 

Operating Expense Limit. If the amount of the waived or reduced investment advisory fee for any such month is insufficient to pay the Excess Amount, the Advisor may also remit to such Fund an amount that, together with the waived or reduced investment advisory fee, is sufficient to pay such Excess Amount.

(d) Year-End Adjustment. If necessary, on or before the last day of the first month of each fiscal year, an adjustment payment shall be made by the appropriate party in order that the amount of the investment advisory fees waived or reduced and other payments remitted by the Advisor to a Fund with respect to the previous fiscal year shall equal the Excess Amount.

2. Term and Termination of Agreement.

This Agreement with respect to each Fund shall continue in effect until the Limit Expiration Date set forth for such Fund on Schedule A, and from year to year thereafter provided each such continuance is specifically approved by a majority of the Trustees of the Trust who (i) are not “interested persons” of the Trust or any other party to this Agreement, as defined in the 1940 Act, and (ii) have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of this Agreement (“Non-Interested Trustees”). Nevertheless, this Agreement may be terminated, without payment of any penalty, (a) by the Trust at any time, and (b) by the Advisor upon written notice ninety (90) days’ prior to the end of the then-current term of the Agreement to the other party at its principal place of business; provided that, in the case of termination by the Trust, such action shall be authorized by resolution of a majority of the Non-Interested Trustees of the Trust or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust. Any termination pursuant to this paragraph 2 shall become effective, unless otherwise specifically agreed upon, on the last day of the then-current term of the Agreement.

3. Miscellaneous.

(a) Captions. The captions in this Agreement are included for convenience of reference only and in no other way define or delineate any of the provisions hereof or otherwise affect their construction or effect.

(b) Interpretation. Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to require the Trust or any Fund to take any action contrary to the Trust’s Declaration of Trust or by-laws, or any applicable statutory or regulatory requirement to which it is subject or by which it is bound, or to relieve or deprive the Trust’s Board of Trustees of its responsibility for and control of the conduct of the affairs of the Trust or the Fund.

(c) Definitions. Any question of interpretation of any term or provision of this Agreement, including but not limited to the investment advisory fee, the computations of net asset values, and the allocation of expenses, having a counterpart in or otherwise derived from the terms and provisions of the Advisory Agreement or the 1940 Act, shall have the same meaning as and be resolved by reference to such Advisory Agreement or the 1940 Act.

 
 

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Agreement to be signed by their respective officers thereunto duly authorized and their respective corporate seals to be hereunto affixed, as of the day and year first above written.

 

  ACTIVE WEIGHTING FUNDS ETF TRUST,
  ON BEHALF OF THE FUNDS
  /s/ Jonathon Clements
  By: Jonathon Clements
  Title: President
     
  ACTIVE WEIGHTING ADVISORS LLC
  /s/  Matthew Clements
  By: Matthew Clements
  Title: Managing Member
 
 

 

SCHEDULE A

Funds and Operating Expense Limits

 

Fund Operating Expense Limit Limit Expiration
Republican Policies Fund 0.75% October 31, 2018
     
Democratic Policies Fund 0.75% October 31, 2018
     
U.S. Tax Reform Fund 0.85% October 31, 2018
     
European Union Breakup Fund 0.85% October 31, 2018

 

 

 

 

 

Exhibit (e)(1)

ETF DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT

 

This Distribution Agreement (the “Agreement”) is made as of September 13, 2017, by and between Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Trust”) having its principal place of business at 200 Vesey Street, 24 th Floor, New York, NY 10281, and Foreside Fund Services, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Distributor”) having its principal place of business at Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME 04101.

 

WHEREAS, the Trust is a registered open-end management investment company organized under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”) with separate and distinct series (each series a “Fund” and collectively the “Funds”) registered with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”);

 

WHEREAS, the Trust intends to create and redeem shares of beneficial interest (the “Shares”) of each Fund on a continuous basis at their net asset value only in aggregations constituting a Creation Unit, as such term is defined in the Registration Statement, and list the Shares on one or more national securities exchanges (together, the “Listing Exchanges”);

 

WHEREAS, the Distributor is registered with the SEC as a broker-dealer under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”), and is a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”);

 

WHEREAS, the Trust desires to retain the Distributor to (i) act as the principal underwriter of the Funds with respect to the creation and redemption of Creation Units of each Fund, (ii) hold itself available to review and approve orders for such Creation Units in the manner set forth in the Trust’s Prospectus, and (iii) to enter into arrangements with eligible broker-dealers who may solicit purchases of Creation Units (each, an “Authorized Participant”); and

 

WHEREAS, the Distributor desires to provide the services described herein to the Trust subject to the terms and conditions set forth below.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises and undertakings herein contained, the parties agree as follows:

 

1. Appointment .

 

The Trust hereby appoints the Distributor to serve as the principal underwriter of the Funds with respect to the creation and redemption of Creation Units of each Fund listed in Exhibit A hereto (as may be amended by the Trust from time to time on written notice to the Distributor) on the terms and for the period set forth in this Agreement and subject to the registration requirements of the federal securities laws and of the laws

 
 

 

governing the sale of securities in the various states, and the Distributor hereby accepts such appointment and agrees to act in such capacity hereunder.

 

 

2. Definitions .

 

Wherever they are used herein, the following terms have the following respective meanings:

 

(a) “Prospectus” means the Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information constituting parts of the Registration Statement of the Trust under the 1933 Act and the 1940 Act as such Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information may be amended or supplemented and filed with the SEC from time to time;

 

(b) “Registration Statement” means the registration statement most recently filed from time to time by the Trust with the SEC and effective under the 1933 Act and the 1940 Act, as such registration statement is amended by any amendments thereto at the time in effect;

 

(c) All other capitalized terms used but not defined in this Agreement shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus.

 

3. Duties of the Distributor

 

(a) The Distributor agrees to serve as the principal underwriter of the Funds in connection with the review and approval of all Purchase and Redemption Orders of Creation Units of each Fund by Authorized Participants that have executed an Authorized Participant Agreement with the Distributor and Transfer Agent. Nothing herein shall affect or limit the right and ability of the Transfer Agent to accept Fund Securities, Deposit Securities, and related Cash Components through or outside the Clearing Process, and as provided in and in accordance with the Registration Statement and Prospectus. The Trust acknowledges that the Distributor shall not be obligated to approve any certain number of orders for Creation Units.

 

(b) The Distributor agrees to use commercially reasonable efforts to provide the following services to the Trust with respect to the continuous distribution of Creation Units of each Fund: (i) at the request of the Trust, the Distributor shall enter into Authorized Participant Agreements between and among Authorized Participants, the Distributor and the Transfer Agent, for the purchase and redemption of Creation Units of the Funds, (ii) the Distributor shall approve and maintain copies of confirmations of Creation Unit purchase and redemption order acceptances; (iii) upon request, the Distributor will make available copies of the Prospectus to purchasers of such Creation Units and, upon request, the Statement of Additional Information; and (iv) the Distributor shall maintain telephonic, facsimile and/or access to direct computer communications links with the Transfer Agent.

2  
 

 

(c) The Distributor shall ensure that all direct requests to Distributor for Prospectuses, Statements of Additional Information, product descriptions and periodic fund reports, as applicable, are fulfilled.

 

 

(d) The Distributor agrees to make available, at the Trust’s request, one or more members of its staff to attend, either via telephone or in person, Board meetings of the Trust in order to provide information with regard to the Distributor’s services hereunder and for such other purposes as may be requested by the Board of Trustees of the Trust.

 

(e) Distributor shall review and approve, prior to use, all Trust marketing materials (“Marketing Materials”) for compliance with FINRA advertising rules, and will file all Marketing Materials required to filed with FINRA.  The Distributor agrees to furnish to the Trust’s investment adviser any comments provided by FINRA with respect to such materials.

 

(f) The Distributor shall not offer any Shares and shall not approve any creation or redemption order hereunder if and so long as the effectiveness of the Registration Statement then in effect or any necessary amendments thereto shall be suspended under any of the provisions of the 1933 Act or if and so long as a current prospectus as required by Section 10 of the 1933 Act is not on file with the SEC; provided, however, that nothing contained in this paragraph shall in any way restrict or have any application to or bearing upon the Trust’s obligation to redeem or repurchase any Shares from any shareholder in accordance with provisions of the Prospectus or Registration Statement.

 

(g) The Distributor shall work with the Transfer Agent to review and approve orders placed by Authorized Participants and transmitted to the Transfer Agent.

 

(h) The Distributor agrees to maintain, and preserve for the periods prescribed by Rule 31a-2 under the 1940 Act, such records as are required to be maintained by Rule 31a-1(d) under the 1940 Act. The Distributor agrees that all records which it maintains pursuant to the 1940 Act for the Trust shall at all times remain the property of the Trust, shall be readily accessible during normal business hours, and shall be promptly surrendered upon the termination of the Agreement or otherwise on written request; provided, however, that Distributor may retain all such records required to be maintained by Distributor pursuant to applicable FINRA or SEC rules and regulations.

 

(j) The Distributor agrees to maintain compliance policies and procedures (a “Compliance Program”) that are reasonably designed to prevent violations of the Federal Securities Laws (as defined in Rule 38a-1 of the 1940 Act) with respect to the Distributor’s services under this Agreement, and to provide any and all information with respect to the Compliance Program, including without limitation, information and certifications with respect to material violations of the Compliance Program and any

3  
 

material deficiencies or changes therein, as may be reasonably requested by the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer or Board of Trustees.

 

(k) The Distributor is not authorized by the Trust to give any information or to make any representations other than those contained in the Registration Statement or Prospectus or contained in shareholder reports or other material that may be prepared by or on behalf of the Trust for the Distributor’s use.

 

 

4. Duties of the Trust.

 

(a) The Trust agrees to create, issue, and redeem Creation Units of each Fund in accordance with the procedures described in the Prospectus. Upon reasonable notice to the Distributor and in accordance with the procedures described in the Prospectus, the Trust reserves the right to reject any order for Creation Units or to stop all receipts of such orders at any time.

 

(b) The Trust agrees that it will take all actions necessary to register an indefinite number of Shares under the 1933 Act.

 

(c) The Trust will make available to the Distributor such number of copies as Distributor may reasonably request of (i) its then currently effective Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information and product description, (ii) copies of semi-annual reports and annual audited reports of the Trust’s books and accounts made by independent public accountants regularly retained by the Trust, and (iii) such other publicly available information for use in connection with the distribution of Creation Units.

 

(d) The Trust shall inform Distributor of any such jurisdictions in which the Trust has filed notice filings for Shares for sale under the securities laws thereof and shall promptly notify the Distributor of any change in this information. The Distributor shall not be liable for damages resulting from the sale of Shares in authorized jurisdictions where the Distributor had no information from the Trust that such sale or sales were unauthorized at the time of such sale or sales.

 

The Distributor acknowledges and agrees that the Trust reserves the right to suspend sales and Distributor’s authority to review and approve orders for Creation Units on behalf of the Trust. Upon due notice to the Distributor, the Trust shall suspend the Distributor’s authority to review and approve Creation Units if, in the judgment of the Trust, it is in the best interests of the Trust to do so. Suspension will continue for such period as may be determined by the Trust.

 

(e) The Trust shall arrange to provide the Listing Exchanges with copies of Prospectuses, Statements of Additional Information, and product descriptions to be provided to purchasers in the secondary market.

 

4  
 

(f) The Trust will make it known that Prospectuses and Statements of Additional Information and product descriptions are available by making sure such disclosures are in all marketing and advertising materials prepared by the Trust.

 

5. Fees and Expenses.

 

(a) The Distributor shall be entitled to no compensation or reimbursement of expenses from the Trust for the services provided by the Distributor pursuant to this Agreement. The Distributor may receive compensation from the Investment Adviser related to its services hereunder or for additional services as may be agreed to between the Investment Adviser and Distributor.

 

(b) The Trust shall bear the cost and expenses of: (i) the registration of the Shares for sale under the 1933 Act; and (ii) the registration or qualification of the Shares for sale under the securities laws of the various States.

 

(c) The Distributor shall pay (i) all expenses relating to Distributor’s broker-dealer qualification and registration under the 1934 Act; and (ii) the expenses incurred by the Distributor in connection with routine FINRA filing fees.

 

(d) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, the Distributor and its affiliates may receive compensation or reimbursement from the Trust’s Investment Adviser with respect to any services performed under this Agreement, as may be agreed upon by the parties from time to time.

 

(e) The Trust shall bear any costs associated with printing Prospectuses, Statements of Additional Information and all other such materials.

 

6. Indemnification.

 

(a) The Trust agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Distributor, its affiliates and each of their respective directors, officers and employees and agents and any person who controls the Distributor within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act (any of the Distributor, its officers, employees, agents and directors or such control persons, for purposes of this paragraph, a “Distributor Indemnitee”) against any loss, liability, claim, damages or expense (including the reasonable cost of investigating or defending any alleged loss, liability, claim, damages or expense and reasonable counsel fees incurred in connection therewith) (“Losses”) that a Distributor Indemnitee may incur arising out of or based upon: (i) Distributor serving as distributor for the Trust pursuant to this Agreement; (ii) the allegation of any wrongful act of the Trust or any of its directors, officers, employees or affiliates in connection with its duties and responsibilities in this Agreement; (iii) any claim that the Registration Statement, Prospectus, Statement of Additional Information, product description, shareholder reports, Marketing Materials and advertisements specifically approved by the Trust and Investment Adviser or other information filed or made public by the Trust (as from time to time amended) included an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated

5  
 

therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein (and in the case of the Prospectus, Statement of Additional Information and product description, in light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading under the 1933 Act, or any other statute or the common law; (iv) the breach by the Trust of any obligation, representation or warranty contained in this Agreement; or (iv) the Trust’s failure to comply in any material respect with applicable securities laws.

 

(b) The Distributor agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Trust and each of its Trustees and officers and any person who controls the Trust within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act (for purposes of this paragraph, the Trust and each of its Trustees and officers and its controlling persons are collectively referred to as the “Trust Indemnitees”) against any Losses arising out of or based upon (i) the allegation of any wrongful act of the Distributor or any of its directors, officers, employees or affiliates in connection with its activities as Distributor pursuant to this Agreement; (ii) the breach of any obligation, representation or warranty contained in this Agreement by the Distributor; (iii) the Distributor’s failure to comply in any material respect with applicable securities laws, including applicable FINRA regulations; or (iv) any allegation that the Registration Statement, Prospectus, Statement of Additional Information, product description, shareholder reports, any information or materials relating to the Funds (as described in section 3(g)) or other information filed or made public by the Trust (as from time to time amended) included an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements not misleading, insofar as such statement or omission was made in reliance upon, and in conformity with information furnished to the Trust, in writing, by the Distributor.

 

In no case (i) is the indemnification provided by an indemnifying party to be deemed to protect against any liability the indemnified party would otherwise be subject to by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of its duties or by reason of its reckless disregard of its obligations and duties under this Agreement, or (ii) is the indemnifying party to be liable under this Section with respect to any claim made against any indemnified party unless the indemnified party notifies the indemnifying party in writing of the claim within a reasonable time after the summons or other first written notification giving information of the nature of the claim shall have been served upon the indemnified party (or after the indemnified party shall have received notice of service on any designated agent).

 

Failure to notify the indemnifying party of any claim shall not relieve the indemnifying party from any liability that it may have to the indemnified party against whom such action is brought, on account of this Section, unless failure or delay to so notify the indemnifying party prejudices the indemnifying party’s ability to defend against such claim. The indemnifying party shall be entitled to participate at its own expense in the defense or, if it so elects, to assume the defense of any suit brought to enforce the claim, but if the indemnifying party elects to assume the defense, the defense shall be conducted by counsel chosen by it and satisfactory to the indemnified party. In the event that indemnifying party elects to assume the defense of any suit and retain counsel, the indemnified party shall bear the fees and expenses of any additional counsel retained by them. If the indemnifying party does not elect to assume the defense of any

6  
 

suit, it will reimburse the indemnified party for the reasonable fees and expenses of any counsel retained by them. The indemnifying party agrees to notify the indemnified party promptly of the commencement of any litigation or proceedings against it or any of its officers or directors in connection with the purchase or redemption of any of the Creation Units or the Shares.

 

(c) No indemnified party shall settle any claim against it for which it intends to seek indemnification from the indemnifying party, under the terms of section 6(a) or 6(b) above, without prior written notice to and consent from the indemnifying party, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld. No indemnified or indemnifying party shall settle any claim unless the settlement contains a full release of liability with respect to the other party in respect of such action. This section 6 shall survive the termination of this Agreement.

 

(d) The Trust acknowledges and agrees that as part of its duties, Distributor will enter into agreements with certain authorized participants (each an “AP” and collectively the “APs”) for the purchase and redemption of Creation Units(each such agreement an “AP Agreement”). In the negotiation of AP Agreements, an Authorized Participant may insert and require that Distributor agree to certain provisions in a AP Agreement that contain certain representations, undertakings and indemnification that are not included in the form-of AP Agreement (each such modified AP Agreement a “Non-Standard AP Agreement).

 

To the extent that Distributor is requested or required to make any such representations mentioned above, a copy of each Non-Standard AP Agreement will be provided to the Trust for its approval prior to execution by Distributor. Where the Trust has approved the terms of the Non-Standard AP Agreement (such approval shall be in writing or shall be evidenced by a fully executed copy of the Non-Standard AP Agreement) the Trust shall indemnify, defend and hold the Distributor Indemnitees free and harmless from and against any and all Losses that any Distributor Indemnitee may incur arising out of or relating to (a) the Distributor’s actions or failures to act pursuant to any Non-Standard AP Agreement to the extent such losses are due to non-standard language included in such Non-Standard AP Agreement; (b) any representations made by the Distributor in any Non-Standard AP Agreement to the extent that the Distributor is not required to make such representations in the form-of AP Agreement; or (c) any indemnification provided by the Distributor under a Non-Standard AP Agreement,. In no event shall anything contained herein be so construed as to protect the Distributor Indemnitees against any liability to the Trust or its shareholders to which the Distributor Indemnitees would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, or gross negligence in the performance of Distributor’s obligations or duties under the Non-Standard AP Agreement or by reason of Distributor’s reckless disregard of its obligations or duties under the Non-Standard AP Agreement.

 

7. Representations.

 

(a)                 The Distributor represents and warrants that:

7  
 

 

1.       (i) it is duly organized as a Delaware limited liability company and is and at all times will remain duly authorized and licensed under applicable law to carry out its services as contemplated herein; (ii) the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement are within its power and have been duly authorized by all necessary action; (iii) its entering into this Agreement or providing the services contemplated hereby does not conflict with or constitute a default or require a consent under or breach of any provision of any agreement or document to which the Distributor is a party or by which it is bound; (iv) it is registered as a broker-dealer under the 1934 Act and is a member of FINRA; and (v) it has in place compliance policies and procedures reasonably designed to prevent violations of the Federal Securities Laws as that term is defined in Rule 38a-1 under the 1940 Act.

 

2.       All activities by the Distributor and its agents and employees in connection with the services provided in this Agreement shall comply with the Registration Statement and Prospectus, the instructions of the Trust, and all applicable laws, rules and regulations including, without limitation, all rules and regulations made or adopted pursuant to the 1940 Act by the SEC or any securities association registered under the 1934 Act, including FINRA and the Listing Exchanges.

 

(b) The Distributor and the Trust each individually represent that its anti-money laundering program (“AML Program”), at a minimum, (i) designates a compliance officer to administer and oversee the AML Program, (ii) provides ongoing employee training, (iii) includes an independent audit function to test the effectiveness of the AML Program, (iv) establishes internal policies, procedures, and controls that are tailored to its particular business, (v)  provides for the filing of all necessary anti-money laundering reports including, but not limited to, currency transaction reports and suspicious activity reports, and (vi) allows for appropriate regulators to examine its anti-money laundering books and records. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Trust acknowledges that the Authorized Participants are not “customers” for the purposes of 31 CFR 103.

 

(c) The Distributor and the Trust each individually represent and warrant that: (i) it has procedures in place reasonably designed to protect the privacy of non-public personal consumer/customer financial information to the extent required by applicable law, rule and regulation; and (ii) it will comply with all of the applicable terms and provisions of the 1934 Act.

 

(d) The Trust represents and warrants that:

 

1.    (i) it is duly organized as a Delaware statutory trust and is and at all times will remain duly authorized to carry out its obligations as

8  
 

contemplated herein; (ii) it is registered as an investment company under the 1940 Act; (iii) the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement are within its power and have been duly authorized by all necessary action; (iv) its entering into this Agreement does not conflict with or constitute a default or require a consent under or breach of any provision of any agreement or document to which the Trust is a party or by which it is bound; (v) the Registration Statement and each Fund’s Prospectus have been prepared, and all Marketing Materials shall be prepared, in all materials respects, in conformity with the 1933 Act, the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations of the SEC (the “Rules and Regulations”); and (vi) the Registration Statement and each Fund’s Prospectus contain, and all Marketing Materials shall contain, all statements required to be stated therein in accordance with the 1933 Act, the 1940 Act and the Rules and Regulations; (vii) all statements of fact contained therein, or to be contained in all Marketing Materials, are or will be true and correct in all material respects at the time indicated or the effective date, as the case may be, and none of the Registration Statement, any Fund’s Prospectus, nor any Marketing Materials shall include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the case of each Fund’s Prospectus in light of the circumstances in which made, not misleading; and (viii) except as otherwise noted in the Registration Statement and Prospectus, the offering price for all Creation Units will be the aggregate net asset value of the Shares per Creation Unit of the relevant Fund, as determined in the manner described in the Registration Statement and Prospectus;

 

2.   it shall file such amendment or amendments to the Registration Statement and each Fund’s Prospectus as, in the light of future developments, shall, in the opinion of the Trust’s counsel, be necessary in order to have the Registration Statement and each Fund’s Prospectus at all times contain all material facts required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances in which made, not misleading. The Trust shall not file any amendment to the Registration Statement or each Fund’s Prospectus without giving the Distributor reasonable notice thereof in advance, provided that nothing in this Agreement shall in any way limit the Trust’s right to file at any time such amendments to the Registration Statement or any Fund’s Prospectus as the Trust may deem advisable. The Trust will also notify the Distributor in the event of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Trust shall not be deemed to make any representation or warranty as to any information or statement provided by the Distributor for inclusion in the Registration Statement or any Fund’s Prospectus; and

9  
 

 

3.   upon delivery of Deposit or Fund Securities to an Authorized Participant in connection with a purchase or redemption of Creation Units, the Authorized Participant will acquire good and unencumbered title to such securities, free and clear of all liens, restrictions, charges and encumbrances, and not subject to any adverse claims and that such Fund and Deposit Securities will not be “restricted securities” as such term is used in Rule 144(a)(3)(i) under the 1933 Act.

 

8. Duration, Termination and Amendment.

 

(a) This Agreement shall be effective on the date set forth above, and unless terminated as provided herein, shall continue for two years from its effective date, and thereafter from year to year, provided such continuance is approved annually (i) by vote of a majority of the Trustees or by the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund and (ii) by the vote of a majority of those Trustees who are not parties to this Agreement or interested persons of any such party cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval. This Agreement may be terminated at any time, without the payment of any penalty, as to each Fund (i) by vote of a majority of those Trustees who are not parties to this Agreement or interested persons of any such party or (ii) by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund, or by the Distributor, on at least sixty (60) days prior written notice. This Agreement shall automatically terminate without the payment of any penalty in the event of its assignment. As used in this paragraph, the terms “vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities,” “assignment,” “affiliated person” and “interested person” shall have the respective meanings specified in the 1940 Act.

 

(b) No provision of this Agreement may be changed, waived, discharged or terminated except by an instrument in writing signed by both parties.

 

9. Notice.

 

Any notice or other communication authorized or required by this Agreement to be given to either party shall be in writing and deemed to have been given when delivered in person or by confirmed facsimile, email, or posted by certified mail, return receipt requested, to the following address (or such other address as a party may specify by written notice to the other):

 

 

(i)   To Foreside: (ii)   To the Trust:

Foreside Fund Services, LLC

Attn: Legal Department

Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100

Portland, ME 04101

Telephone: (207) 553-7110

Facsimile: (207) 553-7151

Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust

Attn: Matt Clements

200 Vesey Street, 24 th Floor

New York, NY 10281

Phone: 656-952-8687

Email: matt@eventshares.com

10  
 

 

Email:legal@foreside.com

 

With a copy to:

etp-services@foreside.com

 

 

 

10. Choice of Law.

 

This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the state of Delaware, without giving effect to the choice of laws provisions thereof.

 

11. Counterparts.

 

This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

 

12. Severability.

 

If any provisions of this Agreement shall be held or made invalid, in whole or in part, then the other provisions of this Agreement shall remain in force. Invalid provisions shall, in accordance with this Agreement’s intent and purpose, be amended, to the extent legally possible, in order to effectuate the intended results of such invalid provisions.

 

13. Insurance.

 

The Distributor will maintain at its expense an errors and omissions insurance policy adequate to cover services provided by the Distributor hereunder.

 

14. Confidentiality.

 

During the term of this Agreement, the Distributor and the Trust may have access to confidential information relating to such matters as either party’s business, trade secrets, systems, procedures, manuals, products, contracts, personnel, and clients. As used in this Agreement, “Confidential Information” means information belonging to one of the parties that is of value to such party and the disclosure of which could result in a competitive or other disadvantage to such party. Confidential Information includes, without limitation, financial information, proposal and presentations, reports, forecasts, inventions, improvements and other intellectual property; trade secrets; know-how; designs, processes or formulae; software; market or sales information or plans; customer lists; and business plans, prospects and opportunities (such as possible acquisitions or dispositions of businesses or facilities). Confidential Information includes information developed by either party in the course of engaging in the activities provided for in this Agreement, unless: (i) the information is or becomes publicly known through lawful means; (ii) the information is disclosed to the other party without a confidential restriction by a third party who rightfully possesses the information and did not obtain it,

11  
 

either directly or indirectly, from one of the parties, as the case may be, or any of their respective principals, employees, affiliated persons, or affiliated entities. The parties understand and agree that all Confidential Information shall be kept confidential by the other both during and after the term of this Agreement. Each party shall maintain commercially reasonable information security policies and procedures for protecting Confidential Information. The parties further agree that they will not, without the prior written approval by the other party, disclose such Confidential Information, or use such Confidential Information in any way, either during the term of this Agreement or at any time thereafter, except as required in the course of this Agreement and as provided by the other party or as required by law. Upon termination of this Agreement for any reason, or as otherwise requested by the Trust, all Confidential Information held by or on behalf of Trust shall be promptly returned to the Trust, or an authorized officer of the Distributor will certify to the Trust in writing that all such Confidential Information has been destroyed. This section 14 shall survive the termination of this Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a party may disclose the other’s Confidential Information if (i) required by law, regulation or legal process or if requested by the SEC or other governmental regulatory agency with jurisdiction over the parties hereto or (ii) requested to do so by the other party; provided that in the event of (i), the disclosing party shall give the other party reasonable prior notice of such disclosure to the extent reasonably practicable and shall reasonably cooperate with the other party (at such other party’s expense) in any efforts to prevent such disclosure.

 

15. Limitation of Liability.

 

This Agreement is executed by or on behalf of the Trust with respect to each of the Trust Funds and the obligations hereunder are not binding upon any of the trustees, officers or shareholders of the Trust individually but are binding only upon the Fund to which such obligations pertain and the assets and property of such Fund. Separate and distinct records are maintained for each Fund and the assets associated with any such Fund are held and accounted for separately from the other assets of the Trust, or any other Fund of the Trust. The debts, liabilities, obligations, and expenses incurred, contracted for, or otherwise existing with respect to a particular Fund of the Trust shall be enforceable against the assets of that Fund only, and not against the assets of the Trust generally or any other Fund, and none of the debts, liabilities, obligations, and expenses incurred, contracted for, or otherwise existing with respect to the Trust generally or any other Fund shall be enforceable against the assets of that Fund. The Trust’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust is on file with the Trust.

 

16. Use of Names; Publicity.

 

The Trust shall not use the Distributor’s name in any offering material, shareholder report, advertisement or other material relating to the Trust, in a manner not approved by the Distributor in writing prior to such use, such approval not to be unreasonably withheld. The Distributor hereby consents to all uses of its name required by the SEC, any state securities commission, or any federal or state regulatory authority.

 

12  
 

The Distributor shall not use the name “Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust” or “Active Weighting Advisors LLC” in any offering material, shareholder report, advertisement or other material relating to the Distributor, other than for the purpose of merely identifying the Trust as a client of Distributor hereunder, in a manner not approved by the Trust in writing prior to such use; provided, however, that the Trust shall consent to all uses of its name required by the SEC, any state securities commission, or any federal or state regulatory authority; and provided, further, that in no case shall such approval be unreasonably withheld.

 

The Distributor will not issue any press releases or make any public announcements regarding the existence of this Agreement without the express written consent of the Trust. Neither the Trust nor the Distributor will disclose any of the economic terms of this Agreement, except as may be required by law.

 

17. Exclusivity

 

Nothing herein contained shall prevent the Distributor from entering into similar distribution arrangements or from providing the services contemplated hereunder to other investment companies or investment vehicles.

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed by their officers designated below as of the date first set forth above.

 

 

Foreside Fund Services, LLC

 

Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust

 


By: /s/ Mark Fairbanks
Mark Fairbanks, Vice President


By: /s/ Jonathon Clements
Name: Jonathon Clements
Title: President

 

 

13  
 

 

 

EXHIBIT A

As of September 13, 2017

 

 

Republican Policies Fund

Democratic Policies Fund

U.S. Tax Reform Fund

European Union Breakup Fund

 

 

 

 

A- 1  

 

 

Exhibit (e) (2)

FORM OF AUTHORIZED PARTICIPANT AGREEMENT

ACTIVE WEIGHTING FUNDS ETF TRUST

This Authorized Participant Agreement (the “Agreement”) is entered into by and between Foreside Fund Services, LLC (the “Distributor”) and __________ (the “Participant”) and is subject to acceptance by The Bank of New York Mellon (the “Transfer Agent”), and is further subject to acknowledgement and agreement by the Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust (the “Trust”), a series trust offering a number of portfolios of securities (each a “Fund” and collectively the “Funds”), solely with respect to Sections 4(c) and 12(c) herein. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein are defined in the current prospectus for each Fund as it may be supplemented or amended from time to time, and included in the Trust’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A, as it may be amended from time to time, or otherwise filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) (together with such Fund’s Statement of Additional Information incorporated therein, the “Prospectus”).

The Distributor provides services as principal underwriter of the Funds acting on an agency basis in connection with the distribution of shares of beneficial interest of each Fund (the “Shares”). The Transfer Agent has been retained to provide certain transfer agency services and to be the order taker with respect to the purchase and redemption of Shares.

This Agreement is intended to set forth certain procedures by which the Participant may purchase and/or redeem Creation Units through the Federal Reserve/Treasury Automated Debt Entry System maintained at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (the “Federal Reserve Book-Entry System”) and the Continuous Net Settlement (“CNS”) clearing processes of National Securities Clearing Corporation (“NSCC”) (as such processes have been enhanced to effect purchases and redemptions of Creation Units, the “CNS Clearing Process”) or, outside of the CNS Clearing Process, the manual process of The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”).

Nothing in this Agreement shall obligate the Participant to create or redeem one or more Creation Units of Shares, to facilitate a creation or redemption through it by a participant client, or to sell or offer to sell the Shares.

The parties agree as follows:

1. STATUS, REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARTICIPANT

(a) The Participant represents and warrants that it has the ability to transact through the Federal Reserve Book-Entry System and, with respect to orders for the purchase of Creation Units (“Purchase Orders”) or orders for redemption of Creation Units (“Redemption Orders” and, together with Purchase Orders, the “Orders”), (i) through the CNS Clearing Process, because it is a member of NSCC and a participant in the CNS System of NSCC, and/or (ii) outside the CNS Clearing Process, because it is a DTC participant (a “DTC Participant”). Any change in the foregoing status of the Participant shall automatically and immediately terminate this Agreement. The Participant shall give prompt written notice of any such change to the Distributor and the Transfer Agent.

1

The Participant may place Orders either through the CNS Clearing Process or outside the CNS Clearing Process, subject to the procedures for purchase and redemption set forth in the Prospectus and Section 2 of this Agreement.

(b) The Participant represents and warrants that: (i) it is a broker-dealer registered with the SEC, and it is a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”), or it is exempt from, or it is otherwise not required to be registered as, a broker-dealer or a member of FINRA; (ii) it is registered and/or licensed to act as a broker or dealer, as required under all applicable laws, rules and regulations in the states or other jurisdictions in which the Participant conducts its activities, or it is otherwise exempt; and (iii) it is a Qualified Institutional Buyer, as defined in Rule 144A under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”).

The Participant agrees that it will: (i) maintain such registrations, licenses, qualifications, and memberships in good standing and in full force and effect throughout the term of this Agreement; (ii) conform to the FINRA “Conduct Rules” and the securities laws of any jurisdiction in which it sells Shares, directly or indirectly, to the extent such laws, rules and regulations relate to the Participant’s transactions in, and activities with respect to, the Shares; and (iii) not offer or sell Shares of any Fund in any state or jurisdiction where such Shares may not lawfully be offered and/or sold.

 

Any change in the foregoing status of the Participant shall terminate this Agreement. The Participant shall give prompt written notice of any such change to the Distributor and the Transfer Agent.

 

(c) In the event Shares are authorized for sale in jurisdictions outside the several states, territories and possessions of the United States and the Participant offers and sells Shares in such jurisdictions and is not otherwise required to be registered or qualified as a broker or dealer, or to be a member of FINRA as set forth above, the Participant nevertheless agrees to observe the applicable laws, rules and regulations of the jurisdiction in which such offer and/or sale is made, to comply with the full disclosure requirements of the Securities Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder, and to conduct its business in accordance with the FINRA Conduct Rules, to the extent the foregoing relates to the Participant’s transactions in, and activities with respect to, the Shares.

(d) The Participant understands and acknowledges that the method by which Creation Units will be created and traded may raise certain issues under certain interpretations of applicable U.S. federal securities laws. For example, because new Creation Units of Shares may be issued and sold by a Fund on an ongoing basis, a “distribution”, as such term is used in the 1933 Act, may occur at any point. The Participant understands and acknowledges that some activities on its part, depending on the circumstances, may result in it being deemed a participant in a distribution in a manner which could, under certain interpretations of applicable law, render it a statutory underwriter and subject it to the prospectus delivery and liability provisions of the 1933 Act. The Participant also understands and acknowledges that dealers who are not “underwriters,” but who effect transactions in Shares, whether or not participating in the distribution of Shares, are generally required to deliver a prospectus. For the avoidance of doubt, the Participant does not admit to being an underwriter of the Shares.

2. EXECUTION OF PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION ORDERS

(a) All Orders must comply with the procedures for Orders set forth in the Prospectus and in this

2

Agreement, which includes the attachments. The Participant, the Distributor, and the Transfer Agent each agrees to comply with the provisions of the Prospectus, this Agreement, and the laws, rules, and regulations that are applicable to it in its role under this Agreement. If there is a conflict between the terms of the Prospectus and the terms of this Agreement, the terms of the Prospectus control.

(b) Phone lines used in connection with Orders will be recorded. The Participant hereby consents to the recording of all calls in connection with the Orders, provided that the Participant may reasonably request that the recording party promptly provide to the Participant copies of recordings of any such calls, which have been retained in accordance with the recording party’s usual document retention policy. If a recording party becomes legally compelled to disclose to any third party any recording involving communications with the Participant, to the extent legally permitted to do so, such recording party shall provide the Participant with reasonable advance written notice identifying the recordings to be disclosed, together with copies of such recordings, so that the Participant may seek a protective order or other appropriate remedy with respect to the recordings or waive its right to do so.

(c) The Participant understands that a Creation Unit generally will not be issued until the requisite cash and/or the designated basket of securities (the “Deposit Securities”), as well as applicable Transaction Fee and taxes are transferred to the Trust on or before the settlement date in accordance with the Prospectus.

3. AUTHORIZATION OF TRANSFER AGENT

Solely with respect to Orders submitted through the CNS Clearing Process, the Participant hereby authorizes the Transfer Agent, or its designee, to transmit to the NSCC on behalf of the Participant such instructions, including share and cash amounts as are necessary with respect to the purchase and redemption of Creation Units, and Orders consistent with the instructions and Orders issued by the Participant to the Transfer Agent. The Participant agrees to be bound by the terms of such instructions and Orders as reported by the Transfer Agent or its designee to the NSCC as though such instructions were issued by the Participant directly to the NSCC.

 

4. MARKETING MATERIALS AND REPRESENTATIONS.

(a) The Participant represents and warrants that it will not make any representations concerning a Fund, Creation Units or Shares, other than those consistent with the Prospectus or any Marketing Materials (as defined below) furnished to the Participant by the Distributor.

(b) The Participant agrees not to furnish, or cause to be furnished by it or its employees, to any person, or to display or publish, any information or materials relating to a Fund or the Shares, including, without limitation, promotional materials and sales literature, advertisements, press releases, announcements, statements, posters, signs or other similar materials (“Marketing Materials”), unless such Marketing Materials: (i) are either furnished to the Participant by the Distributor, or, if prepared by the Participant, are consistent in all material respects with the Prospectus, are approved by the Distributor in writing, and clearly indicate that such Marketing Materials are prepared and distributed by the Participant, and (ii) comply with applicable FINRA Conduct Rules. The Participant shall file all such Marketing Materials that it prepares with FINRA, if required by applicable laws, rules or regulations.

3

(c) The Trust represents and warrants that (i) the Prospectus is effective, no stop order of the SEC or any other federal, state or foreign regulatory authority or self-regulatory authority, with respect thereto has been issued, no proceedings for such purpose have been instituted or, to its knowledge, are being contemplated; (ii) the Prospectus conforms in all material respects to the requirements of all applicable law, and the rules and regulations of the SEC thereunder and does not and will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; (iii) the Shares, when issued and delivered against payment of consideration thereof, as provided in this Agreement, will be duly and validly authorized, issued, fully paid and non-assessable and free of statutory and contractual preemptive rights, rights of first refusal and similar rights; (iv) no consent, approval, authorization, order, registration or qualification of or with any court or governmental agency or body is required for the issuance and sale of the Shares, except the registration of the Shares under the 1933 Act; (v) Shares will be listed for trading on a national exchange; (vi) it will not lend Shares pursuant to any securities lending arrangement that would prevent the Trust from settling a Redemption Order when due; (vii) any and all Marketing Materials prepared by the Trust or the Funds’ adviser and provided to the Participant in connection with the offer and sale of Shares shall comply with applicable law, including without limitation, the provisions of the 1933 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder and applicable requirements of FINRA, and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact related to a Fund or the Shares or omit to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; and (viii) it will not name the Participant in the Prospectus, Marketing Materials, or on the Fund’s website without the prior written consent of Participant, unless such naming is required by law, rule, or regulation.

 

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, Marketing Materials shall not include (i) written materials of any kind that generally mention a Fund without recommending the Fund (including in connection with a list of products sold through Participant or in the context of asset allocations), (ii) materials prepared and used for the Participant’s internal use only, (iii) brokerage communications, including correspondence and institutional communications, as defined under FINRA rules, prepared by the Participant in the normal course of its business, and (iv) research reports; provided, however, that any such materials prepared by Participant comply with applicable FINRA Conduct Rules and other applicable laws, rules and regulations.

 

5. TITLE TO SECURITIES; RESTRICTED SHARES

The Participant represents and warrants on behalf of itself and any party for which it acts that Deposit Securities delivered by it to the custodian and/or any relevant sub-custodian in connection with a Purchase Order will not be “restricted securities,” as such term is used in Rule 144(a)(3)(i) of the 1933 Act, and, at the time of delivery, the Fund will acquire good and unencumbered title to such Deposit Securities, free and clear of all liens, restrictions, charges and encumbrances, and not be subject to any adverse claims.

6. CASH COMPONENT

The Participant hereby agrees that, in connection with a Purchase Order, it will make available on or before the contractual settlement date (the “Contractual Settlement Date”), by means satisfactory

4

to the Trust, and in accordance with the provisions of the Prospectuses, immediately available or same day funds estimated by the Trust to be sufficient to pay the Cash Component next determined after acceptance of the Purchase Order, together with the applicable Transaction Fee. Any excess funds will be returned following settlement of the Purchase Order. The Participant agrees to ensure that the Cash Component will be received by the issuing Fund in accordance with the terms of the Prospectuses, but in any event on or before the Contractual Settlement Date, and in the event payment of such Cash Component has not been made in accordance with the provisions of the Prospectuses or by such Contractual Settlement Date, the Participant agrees in connection with a Purchase Order to pay the amount of the Cash Component, plus interest, computed at such reasonable rate as may be specified by the Fund from time to time. The Participant shall be liable to the custodian, any sub-custodian or the Trust for any amounts advanced by the custodian or any sub-custodian in its sole discretion to the Participant for payment of the amounts due and owing for the Cash Component. Computation of the Cash Component shall exclude any taxes, duties or other fees and expenses payable upon the transfer of beneficial ownership of the Deposit Securities, which shall be the sole responsibility of the Participant and not the Trust.

7. ROLE OF PARTICIPANT

(a) Each Party acknowledges and agrees that, for all purposes of this Agreement, the Participant will be deemed to be an independent contractor, and will have no authority to act as agent for the Funds or the Distributor in any matter or in any respect under this Agreement. The Participant agrees to make itself and its employees available, upon reasonable request, during normal business hours to consult with the Funds or the Distributor or their designees concerning the performance of the Participant’s responsibilities under this Agreement.

(b) The Participant agrees as a DTC Participant and in connection with any purchase or redemption transactions in which it acts on behalf of a third party, that it shall extend to such party all of the rights, and shall be bound by all of the obligations, of a DTC Participant in addition to any obligations that it undertakes hereunder or in accordance with the Prospectuses.

(c) The Participant represents that from time to time, it may be a beneficial owner of Shares (“Beneficial Owner”). To the extent that it is a Beneficial Owner, the Participant agrees to irrevocably appoint the Distributor as its attorney and proxy with full authorization and power to vote (or abstain from voting) its beneficially owned Shares with no input from the Participant. The Distributor, as attorney and proxy for the Participant hereunder: (i) is hereby given full power of substitution and revocation; (ii) may act through such agents, nominees, or attorneys as it may appoint from time to time; and (iii) may provide voting instructions to such agents, nominees, or substitute attorneys. This irrevocable proxy terminates upon termination of the Agreement.

(d) The Participant represents and warrants that it has implemented, and agrees to maintain and implement on an on-going basis, an anti-money laundering program reasonably designed to comply with all applicable anti-money laundering laws and regulations, including but not limited to the Bank Secrecy Act of 1970 and the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001, each as amended from time to time, and any rules adopted thereunder and/or any applicable anti-money laundering laws and regulations of other jurisdictions where Participant conducts business, and any rules adopted thereunder or guidelines issued, administered or enforced by any governmental agency.

5

8. AUTHORIZED PERSONS OF THE PARTICIPANT

(a) Concurrently with the execution of this Agreement, and from time to time thereafter as may be requested by the Funds, the Transfer Agent, or the Distributor, the Participant shall deliver to the Funds and the Transfer Agent, with copies to the Distributor, a certificate in the format of Attachment A to this Agreement, duly certified by the Participant’s Secretary or other duly authorized officer of Participant, setting forth the names and signatures of all persons authorized by the Participant (each an “Authorized Person”) to give Orders and instructions relating to any activity contemplated by this Agreement on behalf of the Participant. Such certificate may be relied upon by the Distributor, the Transfer Agent and the Funds as conclusive evidence of the facts set forth therein and shall be considered to be in full force and effect until receipt by the Funds, the Distributor, and the Transfer Agent of a superseding certificate or of written notice from the Participant that an individual should be added to, or removed from, the certificate. Whenever the Participant wants to add an Authorized Person, revoke the authority of an Authorized Person, or change or cancel a PIN Number (as defined below), the Participant shall give prompt written notice of such fact to the Funds and the Transfer Agent, with a copy to the Distributor, and such notice shall be effective upon receipt by the Funds, the Transfer Agent, and the Distributor.

 

(b) The Transfer Agent shall issue to each Authorized Person a unique personal identification number (“PIN Number”) by which the Participant and such Authorized Person shall be identified and instructions to the Funds, Transfer Agent, and Distributor issued by Participant through the Authorized Person shall be authenticated. The Participant and each Authorized Person shall keep his/her PIN Number confidential and only those Authorized Persons who were issued a PIN Number shall use such PIN Number to identify himself/herself and to submit instructions for Participant, to the Funds, Transfer Agent, and Distributor. If an Authorized Person’s PIN Number is changed, the new PIN Number will become effective on a date mutually agreed upon in writing by the Participant and the Transfer Agent. If an Authorized Person’s PIN Number is compromised, the Participant shall contact the Transfer Agent promptly in writing in order for a new one to be issued. Upon receipt of written notice as set forth in paragraph (a) of this section, the Transfer Agent agrees to promptly issue a PIN Number when the Participant adds an Authorized Person and shall promptly cancel a PIN Number when the Participant revoke’s a person’s authority to act for it.

 

(c) The Transfer Agent and Distributor shall not have any obligation to verify instructions and Orders given using a PIN Number and shall assume that all instructions and Orders issued to it using an Authorized Person’s PIN Number have been properly placed, unless the Transfer Agent and Distributor have actual knowledge to the contrary because they received from the Participant written notice as set forth in paragraph (a) of this section that such person is no longer authorized to act on behalf of Participant. The Participant agrees that none of the Distributor, the Transfer Agent, or the Funds shall be liable, absent gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct, for Losses (as defined below) incurred by the Participant as a result of the unauthorized use of an Authorized Person’s PIN Number, unless the Transfer Agent, Distributor, and the Funds previously received from Participant written notice to revoke such Authorized Person’s PIN Number as set forth in paragraph (a) of this section. This paragraph (c) shall survive the termination of this Agreement.

 

6

9. REDEMPTIONS

(a) The Participant understands and agrees that Redemption Orders may be submitted only on days that the Trust is open for business, as required by Section 22(e) of the 1940 Act.

(b) The Participant represents and warrants that it will not attempt to place a Redemption Order for the purpose of redeeming any Creation Units unless it first ascertains that it owns outright or has full legal authority and legal and beneficial right to tender for redemption the requisite number of Shares, and that such Shares have not been loaned or pledged to another party and are not the subject of a repurchase agreement, securities lending agreement, or any other agreement that would preclude the delivery of such Shares to the Fund.

(c) The Participant understands that Shares of any Fund may be redeemed only when one or more Creation Units are held in its account.

(d) In the event that the Distributor, Transfer Agent and/or the Trust reasonably believes in good faith that a Participant would not be able to deliver the requisite number of Shares to be redeemed as a Creation Unit on the settlement date, the Distributor, Transfer Agent and/or Trust may, without liability, reject the Participant’s Redemption Order.

(e) In the event that the Participant receives Fund Securities the value of which exceeds the net asset value of the applicable Fund at the time of redemption, the Participant agrees to pay, on the same business day it is notified, or cause the Participant Client to pay, on such day, to the applicable Fund an amount in cash equal to the difference or return such Fund Securities to the Fund, unless the parties otherwise agree.

10. BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP

(a) The Participant represents and warrants that, based upon the number of outstanding Shares of any particular Fund, either (i) it does not, and will not in the future as the result of one or more Purchase Orders, hold for the account of any single Beneficial Owner, or group of related Beneficial Owners, 80 percent or more of the currently outstanding Shares of such Fund, so as to cause the Fund to have a basis in the portfolio securities deposited with the Fund different from the market value of such portfolio securities on the date of such deposit, pursuant to sections 351 and 362 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or (ii) it is carrying some or all of the Deposit Securities as a dealer and as inventory in connection with its market making activities.

(b) A Fund, the Distributor, and the Transfer Agent have the right to require, as a condition to the acceptance of a deposit of Deposit Securities, information from the Participant regarding ownership of the Shares by such Participant and its customers, and to rely thereon to the extent necessary to make a determination regarding ownership of 80 percent or more of the Fund’s currently outstanding Shares by a Beneficial Owner.

11. OBLIGATIONS OF PARTICIPANT

(a) Pursuant to its obligations under the federal securities laws, the Participant agrees to maintain all books and records of all sales of Shares made by or through it and to furnish copies of such records to the Trust, Transfer Agent and/or the Distributor upon their reasonable request.

7

(b) The Participant affirms that it has procedures in place reasonably designed to protect the privacy of non-public personal consumer/customer financial information to the extent required by applicable law, rule and regulation and that it will maintain such procedures throughout the term of this Agreement.

(c) The Participant represents and warrants that it has taken affirmative steps so that will not be an affiliated person of a Fund, a promoter or principal underwriter of a Fund or an affiliated person of such persons due to ownership of Shares, including through its grant of an irrevocable proxy relating to the Shares to the Distributor. 

12. INDEMNIFICATION

This Section 12 shall survive the termination of this Agreement.

 

(a) The Participant hereby agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Distributor, the Funds, the Transfer Agent, their respective subsidiaries, affiliates, directors, trustees, officers, employees, and agents, and each person, if any, who controls such persons within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act (each a “Participant Indemnified Party”) , from and against any loss, liability, cost, or expense (including reasonable attorneys’ fees) (“Loss”) incurred by such Participant Indemnified Party as a result of (i) any material breach by the Participant of any provision of this Agreement that relates to the Participant; (ii) any material failure on the part of the Participant to perform any of its obligations set forth in this Agreement; (iii) any failure by the Participant to comply with applicable laws, including rules and regulations of self-regulatory organizations in relation to its role as Participant under this Agreement; (iv) actions of such Participant Indemnified Party in reliance upon any instructions reasonably believed by the Distributor and/or the Transfer Agent to be genuine and to have been given by the Participant ; or (v) the Participant’s failure to complete an Order that has been accepted.

 

(b) The Distributor hereby agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Participant, its respective affiliates, directors, partners, members, officers, employees and agents, and each person, if any, who controls such persons within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act (each a “Distributor Indemnified Party”) from and against any Loss incurred by such Distributor Indemnified Party as a result of: (i) any material breach by the Distributor of any provision of this Agreement that relates to the Distributor; (ii) any material failure on the part of the Distributor to perform any of its obligations set forth in this Agreement; or (iii) any failure by the Distributor to comply with applicable laws, rules and regulations, including rules and regulations of SROs, in relation to its role as Distributor.

 

(c) The Trust hereby agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Participant, its respective affiliates, directors, partners, members, officers, employees and agents, and each person, if any, who controls such persons within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act (each a “Trust Indemnified Party”) from and against any Loss incurred by such Trust Indemnified Party as a result of any material breach by the Trust of its representations in Section 4(c). All Shares represent interests in their underlying series, the assets and liabilities of which are separate and distinct. Any indemnification provided by the Trust in connection with the Shares shall be limited to the corresponding assets of such series.

 

13. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY

 

This Section 13 shall survive the termination of this Agreement.

8

 

(a) In no event shall any party be liable for any special, indirect, incidental, exemplary, punitive or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever (including but not limited to loss of revenue, loss of actual or anticipated profit, loss of contracts, loss of the use of money, loss of anticipated savings, loss of business, loss of opportunity, loss of market share, loss of goodwill or loss of reputation), even if such parties have been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action. In no event shall any party be liable for the acts or omissions of DTC, NSCC or any other securities depository or clearing corporation.

 

(b) Neither the Distributor, the Transfer Agent, nor the Participant shall be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations under this Agreement arising out of or caused, directly or indirectly, by circumstances beyond its reasonable control, including without limitation: acts of God; earthquakes; fires; floods; wars; civil or military disturbances; terrorism; sabotage; epidemics; riots; interruptions; loss or malfunction of utilities, computer (hardware or software) or communications service; accidents; labor disputes; acts of civil or military authority or governmental actions.

 

(c) The Distributor and the Transfer Agent may conclusively rely upon, and shall be fully protected in acting or refraining from acting upon, any communication authorized under this Agreement and upon any written or oral instruction, notice, request, direction or consent reasonably believed by them to be genuine.

 

(d) In the absence of bad faith, gross negligence or willful misconduct on its part, the Transfer Agent, whether acting directly or through its agents, affiliates or attorneys, shall not be liable for any action taken, suffered or omitted or for any error of judgment made by it in the performance of its duties hereunder. The Transfer Agent shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith unless in exercising such it shall have been grossly negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts necessary to make such judgment.

 

14. INFORMATION ABOUT DEPOSIT SECURITIES

On each day that the Trust is open for business, through the facilities of the NSCC, the names and amounts of Deposit Securities to be included in the current Fund Deposit for each Fund will be published.

15. RECEIPT OF PROSPECTUSES BY PARTICIPANT

The Participant acknowledges receipt of the Prospectuses and represents that it has reviewed and understands the terms thereof.

16. CONSENT TO ELECTRONIC DELIVERY OF PROSPECTUSES

The Distributor will provide to the Participant copies of the Prospectus and any printed supplemental information in reasonable quantities upon request of Participant. The Participant consents to the delivery of the Prospectus electronically at the e-mail address under Participant’s signature. The Participant understands that the current Prospectus and most recent shareholder report for each Fund are available at www.event-shares.com. The Distributor will notify the Participant when a revised,

9

supplemented or amended Prospectus for any Fund is available and deliver or otherwise make available to the Participant copies of such revised, supplemented or amended Prospectus at such time and in such numbers as to enable the Participant to comply with any obligation it may have to deliver such Prospectus to its customers. As a general matter, the Distributor will make such revised, supplemented or amended Prospectuses available to the Participant no later than its effective date.

The Participant agrees to maintain the e-mail address set forth on the signature page to this Agreement and further agrees to promptly notify the Distributor if its e-mail address changes. The Participant understands that it must have Internet access to electronically access the Prospectuses. The Participant may revoke the consent to electronic delivery of the Prospectuses at any time by providing written notice to the Distributor.

17. NOTICES

Except as otherwise specifically provided in this Agreement, all notices required or permitted to be given pursuant to this Agreement shall be given in writing and delivered by personal delivery; by Federal Express or other similar delivery service; by registered or certified United States first class mail, return receipt requested; or by facsimile, electronic mail or similar means of same day delivery (with a confirming copy by mail). Unless otherwise notified in writing, all notices to the Fund shall be at the address or telephone or facsimile numbers indicated below the signature of the Distributor. All notices to the Participant, the Distributor, and the Transfer Agent shall be directed to the address or telephone, or facsimile numbers indicated below the signature line of such party.

18. EFFECTIVENESS, TERMINATION, AND AMENDMENT OF AGREEMENT

(a) This Agreement shall become effective on the date set forth below and may be terminated at any time by any party upon sixty (60) days’ prior written notice to the other parties, and may be terminated earlier by the Fund, the Participant or the Distributor at any time in the event of a material breach by another party of any provision of this Agreement.

(b) N o party may assign its rights or obligations under this Agreement (in whole or in part) without the prior written consent of the other party, which shall not be unreasonably withheld.

(c) This Agreement may be amended by the Distributor from time to time without the consent of the Participant by the following procedure. The Distributor will deliver a copy of the amendment to the Participant in accordance with paragraph 17 above. If the Participant does not object in writing to the amendment within five days after its receipt, the amendment will become part of this Agreement in accordance with its terms.

19. GOVERNING LAW; ARBITRATION

This Section 19 shall survive the termination of this Agreement.

This Agreement shall be governed by and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of New York without regard to the conflicts of laws provisions thereof. The parties irrevocably submit to the personal jurisdiction and service and venue of any New York State or United States Federal court sitting in New York, New York having subject matter jurisdiction, for the purposes of any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement.

10

20. COUNTERPARTS

This Agreement may be executed in several counterparts, each of which shall be an original and all of which shall constitute one and the same instrument.

21. SEVERANCE

 

If any provision of this Agreement is held by any court or any act, regulation, rule or decision of any other governmental or supra-national body or authority or regulatory or self-regulatory organization to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any reason, it shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable only to the extent so held and shall not affect the validity, legality or enforceability of the other provisions of this Agreement and this Agreement shall be construed as if such invalid, illegal, or unenforceable provision had never been contained herein.

22. HEADINGS

Headings and sub-headings are included solely for convenient reference and shall not affect the meaning, construction, operation, or effect of the terms of this Agreement.

 

23. ENTIRE AGREEMENT

 

This Agreement, which includes the attachments, supersedes any prior agreement between the parties with respect to the subject matter contained herein and constitutes the entire agreement between the parties regarding the matters contained herein.

 

 

 

[ Signature page follows ]

 

11

 

The duly authorized representatives of the below parties have executed this Agreement, the effective date of which shall be the date of the most recent signature below.

 

 

Foreside Fund Services, LLC

 

By:  __________________________________________

 

Name: Mark Fairbanks

Title: Vice President

Address: Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100

Portland, Maine 04101

Telephone: 207-553-7100

Facsimile: 207-553-7151

E-mail: etp-services@foreside.com

Date: ________________________________________

 

 

[Name of Participant]

DTC/NSCC Clearing Participant Code:

 

By: _______________________________________  

Name: ________________________________________

Title: _________________________________________

Address: ______________________________________

Telephone: ____________________________________

12

Facsimile: _____________________________________

E-mail: _______________________________________

 

Date: ________________________________________

 

ACCEPTED BY:

 

THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON, as Transfer Agent

 

By: __________________________________________  

Name: ________________________________________

Title: _________________________________________

Address: ______________________________________
  ______________________________________

Telephone: ____________________________________

Facsimile: _____________________________________

E-mail: _______________________________________

 

Date: ________________________________________

 

13

 

ACKNOWLEDGED AND AGREED, SOLELY WITH RESPECT TO SECTIONS 4(c) and 12(c) HEREOF:

 

ACTIVE WEIGHTING FUNDS ETF TRUST

 

By: __________________________________________  

Name: ________________________________________

Title: _________________________________________

Address: ______________________________________
  ______________________________________

Telephone: ____________________________________

Facsimile: _____________________________________

E-mail: _______________________________________

 

Date: ________________________________________

 

14

 

ATTACHMENT A

AUTHORIZED PERSONS

 

[ Insert BNY Form of Certification for Authorized Persons]

 

15

 

Exhibit (g)

CUSTODY AGREEMENT

AGREEMENT, dated as of August 10, 2017 between Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust, a Delaware statutory trust, having its principal office and place of business at 200 Vesey Street, 24 th floor, New York, NY 10281 (the “Trust”) and The Bank of New York Mellon, a New York corporation authorized to do a banking business, having its principal office and place of business at 225 Liberty Street, New York, New York 10286 (“Custodian”).

W I T N E S S E T H:

That for and in consideration of the mutual promises hereinafter set forth the Trust and Custodian agree as follows:

ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS

Whenever used in this Agreement, the following words shall have the meanings set forth below:

1.       “Authorized Person” shall be any person, whether or not an officer or employee of the Trust, duly authorized by the Trust’s board to execute any Certificate or to give any Oral Instruction with respect to one or more Accounts, such persons to be designated in a Certificate annexed hereto as Schedule I hereto or such other Certificate as may be received by Custodian from time to time.

2.       “Book-Entry System” shall mean the Federal Reserve/Treasury book-entry system for receiving and delivering securities, its successors and nominees.

3.       “Business Day” shall mean any day on which Custodian and relevant Depositories are open for business.

4.       “Certificate” shall mean any notice, instruction, or other instrument in writing, authorized or required by this Agreement to be given to Custodian, which is actually received by Custodian by letter or facsimile transmission and signed on behalf of the Trust by an Authorized Person or a person reasonably believed by Custodian to be an Authorized Person.

5.       “Composite Currency Unit” shall mean the Euro or any other composite currency unit consisting of the aggregate of specified amounts of specified currencies, as such unit may be constituted from time to time.

6.       “Custodian Affiliate” shall mean any office, branch or subsidiary of The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation.

 
 

7.       “Depository” shall include (a) the Book-Entry System, (b) the Depository Trust Company, (c) any other clearing agency or securities depository registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission identified to the Trust from time to time, and (d) the respective successors and nominees of the foregoing.

8.       Economic Sanctions Compliance Program ” shall mean those programs, policies, procedures and measures designed to ensure compliance with, and prevent violations of, Sanctions.

9.       “Foreign Depository” shall mean (a) Euroclear, (b) Clearstream Banking, societe anonyme, (c) each Eligible Securities Depository as defined in Rule 17f-7 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, identified to the Trust from time to time, and (d) the respective successors and nominees of the foregoing.

10.   “Instructions” shall mean communications actually received by Custodian by S.W.I.F.T., tested telex, letter, facsimile transmission, or other method or system specified by Custodian as available for use in connection with the services hereunder.

11.   “Oral Instructions” shall mean verbal instructions received by Custodian from an Authorized Person or from a person reasonably believed by Custodian to be an Authorized Person.

12.   Sanctions ” shall mean all economic sanctions, laws, rules, regulations, executive orders and requirements administered by any governmental authority of the U.S. (including the U.S. Office of Foreign Assets Control), and the European Union (including any national jurisdiction or member state thereof), in addition to any other applicable authority with jurisdiction over the Fund.

13.   “Series” shall mean the various portfolios, if any, of the Trust listed on Schedule II hereto, and if none are listed references to Series shall be references to the Trust.

14.   “Securities” shall include, without limitation, any common stock and other equity securities, bonds, debentures and other debt securities, notes, mortgages or other obligations, and any instruments representing rights to receive, purchase, or subscribe for the same, or representing any other rights or interests therein (whether represented by a certificate or held in a Depository or by a Subcustodian).

15.   “Subcustodian” shall mean a bank (including any branch thereof) or other financial institution (other than a Foreign Depository) located outside the U.S. which is utilized by Custodian in connection with the purchase, sale or custody of Securities hereunder and identified to the Trust from time to time, and their respective successors and nominees.

16.   “Transfer Agent” shall mean The Bank of New York Mellon or an affiliate, subject to a separate Transfer Agency and Service Agreement entered into between the parties, or any successor transfer agent identified to Custodian in a Certificate.

- 2
 

ARTICLE II
APPOINTMENT OF CUSTODIAN; ACCOUNTS;
REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES, AND COVENANTS

1.       (a) The Trust hereby appoints Custodian as custodian of all Securities and cash at any time delivered to Custodian during the term of this Agreement, and authorizes Custodian to hold Securities in registered form in its name or the name of its nominees. Custodian hereby accepts such appointment and agrees to establish and maintain one or more securities accounts and cash accounts for each Series in which Custodian will hold Securities and cash as provided herein. Custodian shall maintain books and records segregating the assets of each Series from the assets of any other Series. Such accounts (each, an “Account”; collectively, the “Accounts”) shall be in the name of the Trust.

(b)    Custodian may from time to time establish on its books and records such sub-accounts within each Account as the Trust and Custodian may agree upon (each a “Special Account”), and Custodian shall reflect therein such assets as the Trust may specify in a Certificate or Instructions.

(c)     Custodian may from time to time establish pursuant to a written agreement with and for the benefit of a broker, dealer, future commission merchant or other third party identified in a Certificate or Instructions such accounts on such terms and conditions as the Trust and Custodian shall agree, and Custodian shall transfer to such account such Securities and money as the Trust may specify in a Certificate or Instructions.

2.       The Trust hereby represents and warrants, which representations and warranties shall be continuing and shall be deemed to be reaffirmed upon each delivery of a Certificate or each giving of Oral Instructions or Instructions by the Trust, that:

(a)     It is duly organized and existing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization, with full power to carry on its business as now conducted, to enter into this Agreement, and to perform its obligations hereunder;

(b)    This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Trust, approved by a resolution of its board, constitutes a valid and legally binding obligation of the Trust, enforceable in accordance with its terms, and there is no statute, regulation, rule, order or judgment binding on it, and no provision of its charter or by-laws, nor of any mortgage, indenture, credit agreement or other contract binding on it or affecting its property, which would prohibit its execution or performance of this Agreement;

(c)     It is conducting its business in substantial compliance with all applicable laws and requirements, both state and federal, and has obtained all regulatory licenses, approvals and consents necessary to carry on its business as now conducted;

(d)    It will not use the services provided by Custodian hereunder in any manner that is, or will result in, a violation of any law, rule or regulation applicable to the Trust;

- 3
 

(e)     Its board or its foreign custody manager, as defined in Rule 17f-5 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “‘40 Act”), has determined that use of each Subcustodian (including any Replacement Custodian) which Custodian is authorized to utilize in accordance with Section 1(a) of Article III hereof satisfies the applicable requirements of the ‘40 Act and Rule 17f-5 thereunder;

(f)     The Trust or its investment adviser has determined that the custody arrangements of each Foreign Depository provide reasonable safeguards against the custody risks associated with maintaining assets with such Foreign Depository within the meaning of Rule 17f-7 under the ‘40 Act;

(g)    It is fully informed of the protections and risks associated with various methods of transmitting Instructions and Oral Instructions and delivering Certificates to Custodian, shall, and shall cause each Authorized Person, to safeguard and treat with extreme care any user and authorization codes, passwords and/or authentication keys, understands that there may be more secure methods of transmitting or delivering the same than the methods selected by it, agrees that the security procedures (if any) to be followed in connection therewith provide a commercially reasonable degree of protection in light of its particular needs and circumstances, and acknowledges and agrees that Instructions need not be reviewed by Custodian, may conclusively be presumed by Custodian to have been given by person(s) duly authorized, and may be acted upon as given;

(h)    It shall manage its borrowings, including, without limitation, any advance or overdraft (including any day-light overdraft) in the Accounts, so that the aggregate of its total borrowings for each Series does not exceed the amount such Series is permitted to borrow under the ‘40 Act;

(i)      Its transmission or giving of, and Custodian acting upon and in reliance on, Certificates, Instructions, or Oral Instructions pursuant to this Agreement shall at all times comply with the ‘40 Act;

(j)      It shall impose and maintain restrictions on the destinations to which cash may be disbursed by Instructions to ensure that each disbursement is for a proper purpose; and

(k)    It has the right to make the pledge and grant the security interest and security entitlement to Custodian contained in Section 1 of Article V hereof, free of any right of redemption or prior claim of any other person or entity, such pledge and such grants shall have a first priority subject to no setoffs, counterclaims, or other liens or grants prior to or on a parity therewith, and it shall take such additional steps as Custodian may require to assure such priority.

3.       The Trust hereby covenants that it shall from time to time complete and execute and deliver to Custodian upon Custodian’s request a Form FR U-1 (or successor form) whenever the Trust borrows from Custodian any money to be used for the purchase or carrying of margin stock as defined in Federal Reserve Regulation U.

- 4
 

ARTICLE III
CUSTODY AND RELATED SERVICES

1.       (a) Subject to the terms hereof, the Trust hereby authorizes Custodian to hold any Securities received by it from time to time for the Trust’s account. Custodian shall be entitled to utilize, subject to subsection (c) of this Section 1, Depositories, Subcustodians, and, subject to subsection (d) of this Section 1, Foreign Depositories, to the extent possible in connection with its performance hereunder. Securities and cash held in a Depository or Foreign Depository will be held subject to the rules, terms and conditions of such entity. Securities and cash held through Subcustodians shall be held subject to the terms and conditions of Custodian’s agreements with such Subcustodians. Subcustodians may be authorized to hold Securities in Foreign Depositories in which such Subcustodians participate. Unless otherwise required by local law or practice or a particular subcustodian agreement, Securities deposited with a Subcustodian, a Depositary or a Foreign Depository will be held in a commingled account, in the name of Custodian, holding only Securities held by Custodian as custodian for its customers. Custodian shall identify on its books and records the Securities and cash belonging to the Trust, whether held directly or indirectly through Depositories, Foreign Depositories, or Subcustodians. Custodian shall, directly or indirectly through Subcustodians, Depositories, or Foreign Depositories, endeavor, to the extent feasible, to hold Securities in the country or other jurisdiction in which the principal trading market for such Securities is located, where such Securities are to be presented for cancellation and/or payment and/or registration, or where such Securities are acquired. Custodian at any time may cease utilizing any Subcustodian and/or may replace a Subcustodian with a different Subcustodian (the “Replacement Subcustodian”). In the event Custodian selects a Replacement Subcustodian, Custodian shall not utilize such Replacement Subcustodian until after the Trust’s board or foreign custody manager has determined that utilization of such Replacement Subcustodian satisfies the requirements of the ‘40 Act and Rule 17f-5 thereunder.

(b)    Unless Custodian has received a Certificate or Instructions to the contrary, Custodian shall hold Securities indirectly through a Subcustodian only if (i) the Securities are not subject to any right, charge, security interest, lien or claim of any kind in favor of such Subcustodian or its creditors or operators, including a receiver or trustee in bankruptcy or similar authority, except for a claim of payment for the safe custody or administration of Securities on behalf of the Trust by such Subcustodian, and (ii) beneficial ownership of the Securities is freely transferable without the payment of money or value other than for safe custody or administration.

(c)     With respect to each Depository, Custodian (i) shall exercise due care in accordance with reasonable commercial standards in discharging its duties as a securities intermediary to obtain and thereafter maintain Securities or financial assets deposited or held in such Depository, and (ii) will provide, promptly upon request by the Trust, such reports as are available concerning the internal accounting controls and financial strength of Custodian.

(d)    With respect to each Foreign Depository, Custodian shall exercise reasonable care, prudence, and diligence (i) to provide the Trust with an analysis of the custody risks associated with maintaining assets with the Foreign Depository, and (ii) to monitor such custody risks on a continuing basis and promptly notify the Trust of any material change in such risks. The Trust acknowledges and agrees that such analysis and monitoring shall be made on the basis

- 5
 

of, and limited by, information gathered from Subcustodians or through publicly available information otherwise obtained by Custodian, and shall not include any evaluation of Country Risks. As used herein the term “Country Risks” shall mean with respect to any Foreign Depository: (a) the financial infrastructure of the country in which it is organized, (b) such country’s prevailing custody and settlement practices, (c) nationalization, expropriation or other governmental actions, (d) such country’s regulation of the banking or securities industry, (e) currency controls, restrictions, devaluations or fluctuations, and (f) market conditions which affect the order execution of securities transactions or affect the value of securities.

2.       Custodian shall furnish the Trust with an advice of daily transactions (including a confirmation of each transfer of Securities) and a monthly summary of all transfers to or from the Accounts.

3.       With respect to all Securities held hereunder, Custodian shall, unless otherwise instructed to the contrary:

(a)     Receive all income and other payments and advise the Trust as promptly as practicable of any such amounts due but not paid;

(b)    Present for payment and receive the amount paid upon all Securities which may mature and advise the Trust as promptly as practicable of any such amounts due but not paid;

(c)     Forward to the Trust copies of all information or documents that it may actually receive from an issuer of Securities which, in the opinion of Custodian, are intended for the beneficial owner of Securities;

(d)    Execute, as custodian, any certificates of ownership, affidavits, declarations or other certificates under any tax laws now or hereafter in effect in connection with the collection of bond and note coupons;

(e)     Hold directly or through a Depository, a Foreign Depository, or a Subcustodian all rights and similar Securities issued with respect to any Securities credited to an Account hereunder; and

(f)     Endorse for collection checks, drafts or other negotiable instruments.

4.       (a) Custodian shall notify the Trust of rights or discretionary actions with respect to Securities held hereunder, and of the date or dates by when such rights must be exercised or such action must be taken, provided that Custodian has actually received, from the issuer or the relevant Depository (with respect to Securities issued in the United States) or from the relevant Subcustodian, Foreign Depository, or a nationally or internationally recognized bond or corporate action service to which Custodian subscribes, timely notice of such rights or discretionary corporate action or of the date or dates such rights must be exercised or such action must be taken. Absent actual receipt of such notice, Custodian shall have no liability for failing to so notify the Trust.

- 6
 

(b)    Whenever Securities (including, but not limited to, warrants, options, tenders, options to tender or non-mandatory puts or calls) confer discretionary rights on the Trust or provide for discretionary action or alternative courses of action by the Trust, the Trust shall be responsible for making any decisions relating thereto and for directing Custodian to act. In order for Custodian to act, it must receive the Trust’s Certificate or Instructions at Custodian’s offices, addressed as Custodian may from time to time request, not later than noon (New York time) at least two (2) Business Days prior to the last scheduled date to act with respect to such Securities (or such earlier date or time as Custodian may specify to the Trust). Absent Custodian’s timely receipt of such Certificate or Instructions, Custodian shall not be liable for failure to take any action relating to or to exercise any rights conferred by such Securities.

5.       All voting rights with respect to Securities, however registered, shall be exercised by the Trust or its designee. Custodian will make available to the Trust proxy voting services upon the request of, and for the jurisdictions selected by, the Trust in accordance with terms and conditions to be mutually agreed upon by Custodian and the Trust.

6.       Custodian shall promptly advise the Trust upon Custodian’s actual receipt of notification of the partial redemption, partial payment or other action affecting less than all Securities of the relevant class. If Custodian, any Subcustodian, any Depository, or any Foreign Depository holds any Securities in which the Trust has an interest as part of a fungible mass, Custodian, such Subcustodian, Depository, or Foreign Depository may select the Securities to participate in such partial redemption, partial payment or other action in any non-discriminatory manner that it customarily uses to make such selection.

7.       Custodian shall not under any circumstances accept bearer interest coupons which have been stripped from United States federal, state or local government or agency securities unless explicitly agreed to by Custodian in writing.

8.       The Trust shall be liable for all taxes, assessments, duties and other governmental charges, including any interest or penalty with respect thereto (“Taxes”), with respect to any cash or Securities held on behalf of the Trust or any transaction related thereto. The Trust shall indemnify Custodian and each Subcustodian for the amount of any Tax that Custodian, any such Subcustodian or any other withholding agent is required under applicable laws (whether by assessment or otherwise) to pay on behalf of, or in respect of income earned by or payments or distributions made to or for the account of the Trust (including any payment of Tax required by reason of an earlier failure to withhold). Custodian shall, or shall instruct the applicable Subcustodian or other withholding agent to, withhold the amount of any Tax which is required to be withheld under applicable law upon collection of any dividend, interest or other distribution made with respect to any Security and any proceeds or income from the sale, loan or other transfer of any Security. In the event that Custodian or any Subcustodian is required under applicable law to pay any Tax on behalf of the Trust, Custodian is hereby authorized to withdraw cash from any cash account in the amount required to pay such Tax and to use such cash, or to remit such cash to the appropriate Subcustodian or other withholding agent, for the timely payment of such Tax in the manner required by applicable law. If the aggregate amount of cash in all cash accounts is not sufficient to pay such Tax, Custodian shall promptly notify the Trust of the additional amount of cash (in the appropriate currency) required, and the Trust shall directly

- 7
 

deposit such additional amount in the appropriate cash account promptly after receipt of such notice, for use by Custodian as specified herein. In the event that Custodian reasonably believes that Trust is eligible, pursuant to applicable law or to the provisions of any tax treaty, for a reduced rate of, or exemption from, any Tax which is otherwise required to be withheld or paid on behalf of the Trust under any applicable law, Custodian shall, or shall instruct the applicable Subcustodian or withholding agent to, either withhold or pay such Tax at such reduced rate or refrain from withholding or paying such Tax, as appropriate; provided that Custodian shall have received from the Trust all documentary evidence of residence or other qualification for such reduced rate or exemption required to be received under such applicable law or treaty. In the event that Custodian reasonably believes that a reduced rate of, or exemption from, any Tax is obtainable only by means of an application for the Trust, Custodian and the applicable Subcustodian shall have no responsibility for the accuracy or validity of any forms or documentation provided by the Trust to Custodian hereunder. The Trust hereby agrees to indemnify and hold harmless Custodian and each Subcustodian in respect of any liability arising from any underwithholding or underpayment of any Tax which results from the inaccuracy or invalidity of any such forms or other documentation, and such obligation to indemnify shall be a continuing obligation of the Trust, its successors and assigns notwithstanding the termination of this Agreement.

9.       (a) For the purpose of settling Securities and foreign exchange transactions, the Trust shall provide Custodian with sufficient immediately available funds for all transactions by such time and date as conditions in the relevant market dictate. As used herein, “sufficient immediately available funds” shall mean either (i) sufficient cash denominated in U.S. dollars to purchase the necessary foreign currency, or (ii) sufficient applicable foreign currency, to settle the transaction. Custodian shall provide the Trust with immediately available Trusts each day which result from the actual settlement of all sale transactions, based upon advices received by Custodian from Subcustodians, Depositories, and Foreign Depositories. Such funds shall be in U.S. dollars or such other currency as the Trust may specify to Custodian.

(b)    Any foreign exchange transaction effected by Custodian in connection with this Agreement may be entered with Custodian or a Custodian Affiliate acting as principal or otherwise through customary banking channels. The Trust may issue a standing Certificate or Instructions with respect to foreign exchange transactions, but Custodian may establish rules or limitations concerning any foreign exchange facility made available to the Trust. The Trust shall bear all risks of investing in Securities or holding cash denominated in a foreign currency.

(c)     To the extent that Custodian has agreed to provide pricing or other information services in connection with this Agreement, Custodian is authorized to utilize any vendor (including brokers and dealers of Securities) reasonably believed by Custodian to be reliable to provide such information. The Trust understands that certain pricing information with respect to complex financial instruments ( e.g. , derivatives) may be based on calculated amounts rather than actual market transactions and may not reflect actual market values, and that the variance between such calculated amounts and actual market values may or may not be material. Where vendors do not provide information for particular Securities or other property, an Authorized Person may advise Custodian in a Certificate regarding the fair market value of, or provide other information with respect to, such Securities or property as determined by it in good

- 8
 

faith. Custodian shall not be liable for any loss, damage or expense incurred as a result of errors or omissions with respect to any pricing or other information utilized by Custodian hereunder.

10.               Until such time as Custodian receives a certificate to the contrary with respect to a particular Security, Custodian may release the identity of the Trust to an issuer which requests such information pursuant to the Shareholder Communications Act of 1985 for the specific purpose of direct communications between such issuer and shareholder.

ARTICLE IV
PURCHASE AND SALE OF SECURITIES;
CREDITS TO ACCOUNT

1.       Promptly after each purchase or sale of Securities by the Trust, the Trust shall deliver to Custodian a Certificate or Instructions, or with respect to a purchase or sale of a Security generally required to be settled on the same day the purchase or sale is made, Oral Instructions specifying all information Custodian may reasonably request to settle such purchase or sale. Custodian shall account for all purchases and sales of Securities on the actual settlement date unless otherwise agreed by Custodian.

2.       The Trust understands that when Custodian is instructed to deliver Securities against payment, delivery of such Securities and receipt of payment therefor may not be completed simultaneously. Notwithstanding any provision in this Agreement to the contrary, settlements, payments and deliveries of Securities may be effected by Custodian or any Subcustodian in accordance with the customary or established securities trading or securities processing practices and procedures in the jurisdiction in which the transaction occurs, including, without limitation, delivery to a purchaser or dealer therefor (or agent) against receipt with the expectation of receiving later payment for such Securities. The Trust assumes full responsibility for all risks, including, without limitation, credit risks, involved in connection with such deliveries of Securities.

3.       Custodian may, as a matter of bookkeeping convenience or by separate agreement with the Trust, credit the Account with the proceeds from the sale, redemption or other disposition of Securities or interest, dividends or other distributions payable on Securities prior to its actual receipt of final payment therefor. All such credits shall be conditional until Custodian’s actual receipt of final payment and may be reversed by Custodian to the extent that final payment is not received. Payment with respect to a transaction will not be “final” until Custodian shall have received immediately available funds which under applicable local law, rule and/or practice are irreversible and not subject to any security interest, levy or other encumbrance, and which are specifically applicable to such transaction.

ARTICLE V
OVERDRAFTS OR INDEBTEDNESS

1.       If Custodian should in its sole discretion advance funds on behalf of any Series which results in an overdraft (including, without limitation, any day-light overdraft) because the money held by Custodian in an Account for such Series shall be insufficient to pay the total amount

- 9
 

payable upon a purchase of Securities specifically allocated to such Series, as set forth in a Certificate, Instructions or Oral Instructions, or if an overdraft arises in the separate account of a Series for some other reason, including, without limitation, because of a reversal of a conditional credit or the purchase of any currency, or if the Trust is for any other reason indebted to Custodian with respect to a Series, including any indebtedness to The Bank of New York Mellon under the Trust’s Cash Management and Related Services Agreement (except a borrowing for investment or for temporary or emergency purposes using Securities as collateral pursuant to a separate agreement and subject to the provisions of Section 2 of this Article), such overdraft or indebtedness shall be deemed to be a loan made by Custodian to the Trust for such Series payable on demand and shall bear interest from the date incurred at a rate per annum ordinarily charged by Custodian to its institutional customers, as such rate may be adjusted from time to time.  In addition, the Trust hereby agrees that Custodian shall to the maximum extent permitted by law have a continuing lien, security interest, and security entitlement in and to any property, including, without limitation, any investment property or any financial asset, of such Series at any time held by Custodian for the benefit of such Series or in which such Series may have an interest which is then in Custodian’s possession or control or in possession or control of any third party acting in Custodian’s behalf.  The Trust authorizes Custodian, in its sole discretion, at any time to charge any such overdraft or indebtedness together with interest due thereon against any balance of account standing to such Series’ credit on Custodian’s books.

2.       If the Trust borrows money from any bank (including Custodian if the borrowing is pursuant to a separate agreement) for investment or for temporary or emergency purposes using Securities held by Custodian hereunder as collateral for such borrowings, the Trust shall deliver to Custodian a Certificate specifying with respect to each such borrowing: (a) the Series to which such borrowing relates; (b) the name of the bank, (c) the amount of the borrowing, (d) the time and date, if known, on which the loan is to be entered into, (e) the total amount payable to the Trust on the borrowing date, (f) the Securities to be delivered as collateral for such loan, including the name of the issuer, the title and the number of shares or the principal amount of any particular Securities, and (g) a statement specifying whether such loan is for investment purposes or for temporary or emergency purposes and that such loan is in conformance with the ‘40 Act and the Trust’s prospectus. Custodian shall deliver on the borrowing date specified in a Certificate the specified collateral against payment by the lending bank of the total amount of the loan payable, provided that the same conforms to the total amount payable as set forth in the Certificate.  Custodian may, at the option of the lending bank, keep such collateral in its possession, but such collateral shall be subject to all rights therein given the lending bank by virtue of any promissory note or loan agreement. Custodian shall deliver such Securities as additional collateral as may be specified in a Certificate to collateralize further any transaction described in this Section. The Trust shall cause all Securities released from collateral status to be returned directly to Custodian, and Custodian shall receive from time to time such return of collateral as may be tendered to it.  In the event that the Trust fails to specify in a Certificate the Series, the name of the issuer, the title and number of shares or the principal amount of any particular Securities to be delivered as collateral by Custodian, Custodian shall not be under any obligation to deliver any Securities.

- 10
 

ARTICLE VI
SALE AND REDEMPTION OF SHARES

1.       Whenever the Trust shall sell any shares issued by the Trust (“Shares”) it shall deliver to Custodian a Certificate or Instructions, or cause the Trust’s Transfer Agent to provide instructions, specifying the amount of money, if any, and the particular Securities and the amount of each Security to be received by Custodian for the sale of such Shares and specifically allocated to an Account for such Series. Upon receipt of such money, if any, and such Securities, Custodian shall credit the same to an Account in the name of the Series for which such money, if any, and such Securities are received.

2.       Whenever the Trust desires Custodian to make a payment, if any, and a delivery of Securities out of the money and Securities held by Custodian hereunder in connection with a redemption of any Shares, it shall furnish to Custodian a Certificate or Instructions, or cause the Trust’s Transfer Agent to provide instructions specifying the total amount of money, if any, to be paid, and the particular Securities and amount of each Security to be delivered, for the redemption of such Shares. Custodian shall make any such payment and such delivery of Shares, as directed by a Certificate or Instructions or instructions of the Trust’s transfer agent, out of the money and Securities held in an Account of the appropriate Series.

ARTICLE VII
PAYMENT OF DIVIDENDS OR DISTRIBUTIONS

1.       Whenever the Trust shall determine to pay a dividend or distribution on Shares it shall furnish to Custodian Instructions or a Certificate setting forth with respect to the Series specified therein the date of the declaration of such dividend or distribution, the total amount payable, and the payment date.

2.       Upon the payment date specified in such Instructions or Certificate, Custodian shall pay out of the money held for the account of such Series the total amount payable to the dividend agent of the Trust specified therein.

ARTICLE VIII
CONCERNING CUSTODIAN

1.       (a) Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, Custodian shall not be liable for any costs, expenses, damages, liabilities or claims, including attorneys’ and accountants’ fees (collectively, “Losses”), incurred by or asserted against the Trust, except those Losses arising out of Custodian’s own negligence or willful misconduct. Custodian shall have no liability whatsoever for the action or inaction of any Depositories or of any Foreign Depositories, except in each case to the extent such action or inaction is a direct result of the Custodian’s failure to fulfill its duties hereunder. With respect to any Losses incurred by the Trust as a result of the acts or any failures to act by any Subcustodian (other than a Custodian Affiliate), Custodian shall take appropriate action to recover such Losses from such Subcustodian; and Custodian’s sole responsibility and liability to the Trust shall be limited to amounts so received from such Subcustodian (exclusive of costs and expenses incurred by Custodian). In no event shall

- 11
 

Custodian be liable to the Trust or any third party for special, indirect or consequential damages, or lost profits or loss of business, arising in connection with this Agreement, nor shall Custodian or any Subcustodian be liable: ( i ) for acting in accordance with any Certificate or Oral Instructions actually received by Custodian and reasonably believed by Custodian to be given by an Authorized Person; ( ii ) for acting in accordance with Instructions without reviewing the same; ( iii ) for conclusively presuming that all Instructions are given only by person(s) duly authorized; ( iv ) for conclusively presuming that all disbursements of cash directed by the Trust, whether by a Certificate, an Oral Instruction, or an Instruction, are in accordance with Section 2(i) of Article II hereof; ( v ) for holding property in any particular country, including, but not limited to, Losses resulting from nationalization, expropriation or other governmental actions; regulation of the banking or securities industry; exchange or currency controls or restrictions, devaluations or fluctuations; availability of cash or Securities or market conditions which prevent the transfer of property or execution of Securities transactions or affect the value of property; ( vi ) for any Losses due to forces beyond the control of Custodian, including without limitation strikes, work stoppages, acts of war or terrorism, insurrection, revolution, nuclear or natural catastrophes or acts of God, or interruptions, loss or malfunctions of utilities, communications or computer (software and hardware) services; (vii) for the insolvency of any Subcustodian (other than a Custodian Affiliate), any Depository, or, except to the extent such action or inaction is a direct result of the Custodian’s failure to fulfill its duties hereunder, any Foreign Depository; or ( viii ) for any Losses arising from the applicability of any law or regulation now or hereafter in effect, or from the occurrence of any event, including, without limitation, implementation or adoption of any rules or procedures of a Foreign Depository, which may affect, limit, prevent or impose costs or burdens on, the transferability, convertibility, or availability of any currency or Composite Currency Unit in any country or on the transfer of any Securities, and in no event shall Custodian be obligated to substitute another currency for a currency (including a currency that is a component of a Composite Currency Unit) whose transferability, convertibility or availability has been affected, limited, or prevented by such law, regulation or event, and to the extent that any such law, regulation or event imposes a cost or charge upon Custodian in relation to the transferability, convertibility, or availability of any cash currency or Composite Currency Unit, such cost or charge shall be for the account of the Trust, and Custodian may treat any account denominated in an affected currency as a group of separate accounts denominated in the relevant component currencies.

(b)    Custodian may enter into subcontracts, agreements and understandings with any Custodian Affiliate, whenever and on such terms and conditions as it deems necessary or appropriate to perform its services hereunder. No such subcontract, agreement or understanding shall discharge Custodian from its obligations hereunder.

(c)     The Trust agrees to indemnify Custodian and hold Custodian harmless from and against any and all Losses sustained or incurred by or asserted against Custodian by reason of or as a result of any action or inaction, or arising out of Custodian’s performance hereunder, including reasonable fees and expenses of counsel incurred by Custodian in a successful defense of claims by the Trust; provided however, that the Trust shall not indemnify Custodian for those Losses arising out of Custodian’s own negligence or willful misconduct. This indemnity shall be a continuing obligation of the Trust, its successors and assigns, notwithstanding the termination of this Agreement.

- 12
 

2.       Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, Custodian shall be under no obligation to inquire into, and shall not be liable for:

(a)     Any Losses incurred by the Trust or any other person as a result of the receipt or acceptance of fraudulent, forged or invalid Securities, or Securities which are otherwise not freely transferable or deliverable without encumbrance in any relevant market;

(b)    The validity of the issue of any Securities purchased, sold, or written by or for the Trust, the legality of the purchase, sale or writing thereof, or the propriety of the amount paid or received therefor;

(c)     The legality of the sale or redemption of any Shares, or the propriety of the amount to be received or paid therefor;

(d)    The legality of the declaration or payment of any dividend or distribution by the Trust;

(e)     The legality of any borrowing by the Trust;

(f)     The legality of any loan of portfolio Securities, nor shall Custodian be under any duty or obligation to see to it that any cash or collateral delivered to it by a broker, dealer or financial institution or held by it at any time as a result of such loan of portfolio Securities is adequate security for the Trust against any loss it might sustain as a result of such loan, which duty or obligation shall be the sole responsibility of the Trust. In addition, Custodian shall be under no duty or obligation to see that any broker, dealer or financial institution to which portfolio Securities of the Trust are lent makes payment to it of any dividends or interest which are payable to or for the account of the Trust during the period of such loan or at the termination of such loan, provided, however that Custodian shall promptly notify the Trust in the event that such dividends or interest are not paid and received when due;

(g)    The sufficiency or value of any amounts of money and/or Securities held in any Special Account in connection with transactions by the Trust; whether any broker, dealer, futures commission merchant or clearing member makes payment to the Trust of any variation margin payment or similar payment which the Trust may be entitled to receive from such broker, dealer, futures commission merchant or clearing member, or whether any payment received by Custodian from any broker, dealer, futures commission merchant or clearing member is the amount the Trust is entitled to receive, or to notify the Trust of Custodian’s receipt or non-receipt of any such payment; or

(h)    Whether any Securities at any time delivered to, or held by it or by any Subcustodian, for the account of the Trust and specifically allocated to a Series are such as properly may be held by the Trust or such Series under the provisions of its then current prospectus and statement of additional information, or to ascertain whether any transactions by the Trust, whether or not involving Custodian, are such transactions as may properly be engaged in by the Trust.

- 13
 

3.       Custodian may, with respect to questions of law specifically regarding an Account, obtain the advice of counsel and shall be fully protected with respect to anything done or omitted by it in good faith in conformity with such advice.

4.       Custodian shall be under no obligation to take action to collect any amount payable on Securities in default, or if payment is refused after due demand and presentment.

5.       Custodian shall have no duty or responsibility to inquire into, make recommendations, supervise, or determine the suitability of any transactions affecting any Account.

6.       The Trust shall pay to Custodian the fees and charges as may be specifically agreed upon from time to time and such other fees and charges at Custodian’s standard rates for such services as may be applicable. The Trust shall reimburse Custodian for all costs associated with the conversion of the Trust’s Securities hereunder and the transfer of Securities and records kept in connection with this Agreement. The Trust shall also reimburse Custodian for out-of-pocket expenses which are a normal incident of the services provided hereunder.

7.       Custodian has the right to debit any cash account for any amount payable by the Trust in connection with any and all obligations of the Trust to Custodian. In addition to the rights of Custodian under applicable law and other agreements, at any time when the Trust shall not have honored any of its obligations to Custodian, Custodian shall have the right without notice to the Trust to retain or set-off, against such obligations of the Trust, any Securities or cash Custodian or a Custodian Affiliate may directly or indirectly hold for the account of the Trust, and any obligations (whether matured or unmatured) that Custodian or a Custodian Affiliate may have to the Trust in any currency or Composite Currency Unit. Any such asset of, or obligation to, the Trust may be transferred to Custodian and any Custodian Affiliate in order to effect the above rights.

8.       The Trust agrees to forward to Custodian a Certificate or Instructions confirming Oral Instructions by the close of business of the same day that such Oral Instructions are given to Custodian. The Trust agrees that the fact that such confirming Certificate or Instructions are not received or that a contrary Certificate or contrary Instructions are received by Custodian shall in no way affect the validity or enforceability of transactions authorized by such Oral Instructions and effected by Custodian. If the Trust elects to transmit Instructions through an on-line communications system offered by Custodian, the Trust’s use thereof shall be subject to the Terms and Conditions attached as Appendix I hereto. If Custodian receives Instructions which appear on their face to have been transmitted by an Authorized Person via (i) computer facsimile, email, the Internet or other insecure electronic method, or (ii) secure electronic transmission containing applicable authorization codes, passwords and/or authentication keys, the Trust understands and agrees that Custodian cannot determine the identity of the actual sender of such Instructions and that Custodian shall conclusively presume that such Written Instructions have been sent by an Authorized Person, and the Trust shall be responsible for ensuring that only Authorized Persons transmit such Instructions to Custodian. If the Trust elects (with Custodian’s prior consent) to transmit Instructions through an on-line communications service owned or

- 14
 

operated by a third party, the Trust agrees that Custodian shall not be responsible or liable for the reliability or availability of any such service.

9.       The books and records pertaining to the Trust which are in possession of Custodian shall be the property of the Trust. Such books and records shall be prepared and maintained as required by the ‘40 Act and the rules thereunder. The Trust, or its authorized representatives, shall have access to such books and records during Custodian’s normal business hours. Upon the reasonable request of the Trust, copies of any such books and records shall be provided by Custodian to the Trust or its authorized representative. Upon the reasonable request of the Trust, Custodian shall provide in hard copy or on computer disc any records included in any such delivery which are maintained by Custodian on a computer disc, or are similarly maintained.

10.   It is understood that Custodian is authorized to supply any information regarding the Accounts which is required by any law, regulation or rule now or hereafter in effect. The Custodian shall provide the Trust with any report obtained by the Custodian on the system of internal accounting control of a Depository, and with such reports on its own system of internal accounting control as the Trust may reasonably request from time to time.

11.   Custodian shall have no duties or responsibilities whatsoever except such duties and responsibilities as are specifically set forth in this Agreement, and no covenant or obligation shall be implied against Custodian in connection with this Agreement.

12. (a) Throughout the term of this Agreement, the Trust (i) shall maintain, and comply with, an Economic Sanctions Compliance Program which includes measures to accomplish effective and timely scanning of all relevant data with respect to its clients and with respect to incoming or outgoing assets or transactions; (ii) shall ensure that neither the Trust nor any of its affiliates, directors, officers, employees or clients (to the extent such clients are covered by this Agreement) is an individual or entity that is, or is owned or controlled by an individual or entity that is: (A) the target of Sanctions, or (B) located, organized or resident in a country or territory that is, or whose government is, the target of Sanctions; and (iii) shall not, directly or indirectly, use the Accounts in any manner that would result in a violation of Sanctions.

(b) The Trust will promptly provide to the Custodian such information as the Custodian reasonably requests in connection with the matters referenced in this Article VIII, Section 12, including information regarding the Accounts, the assets held or to be held in the Accounts, the source thereof, and the identity of any individual or entity having or claiming an interest therein. The Custodian may decline to act or provide services in respect of any Account, and take such other actions as it, in its reasonable discretion, deems necessary or advisable, in connection with the matters referenced in this Article VIII, Section 12. If the Custodian declines to act or provide services as provided in the preceding sentence, except as otherwise prohibited by applicable law or official request, the Custodian will inform the Trust as soon as reasonably practicable.

- 15
 

ARTICLE IX
TERMINATION

1.       Either of the parties hereto may terminate this Agreement by giving to the other party a notice in writing specifying the date of such termination, which shall be not less than one hundred eighty (180) days after the date of giving of such notice.  In the event such notice is given by the Trust, it shall be accompanied by a copy of a resolution of the board of the Trust, certified by the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary, electing to terminate this Agreement and designating a successor custodian or custodians, each of which shall be a bank or trust company having not less than $2,000,000 aggregate capital, surplus and undivided profits.  In the event such notice is given by Custodian, the Trust shall, on or before the termination date, deliver to Custodian a copy of a resolution of the board of the Trust, certified by the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary, designating a successor custodian or custodians.  In the absence of such designation by the Trust, Custodian may designate a successor custodian which shall be a bank or trust company having not less than $2,000,000 aggregate capital, surplus and undivided profits.  Upon the date set forth in such notice this Agreement shall terminate, and Custodian shall upon receipt of a notice of acceptance by the successor custodian on that date deliver directly to the successor custodian all Securities and money then owned by the Trust and held by it as Custodian, after deducting all fees, expenses and other amounts for the payment or reimbursement of which it shall then be entitled.

2.       If a successor custodian is not designated by the Trust or Custodian in accordance with the preceding Section, the Trust shall upon the date specified in the notice of termination of this Agreement and upon the delivery by Custodian of all Securities (other than Securities which cannot be delivered to the Trust) and money then owned by the Trust be deemed to be its own custodian and Custodian shall thereby be relieved of all duties and responsibilities pursuant to this Agreement, other than the duty with respect to Securities which cannot be delivered to the Trust to hold such Securities hereunder in accordance with this Agreement.

ARTICLE X
MISCELLANEOUS

1.       The Trust agrees to furnish to Custodian a new Certificate of Authorized Persons in the event of any change in the then present Authorized Persons. Until such new Certificate is received, Custodian shall be fully protected in acting upon Certificates or Oral Instructions of such present Authorized Persons.

2.       Any notice or other instrument in writing, authorized or required by this Agreement to be given to Custodian, shall be sufficiently given if addressed to Custodian and received by it at its offices at 225 Liberty Street, New York, New York 10286, or at such other place as Custodian may from time to time designate in writing.

3.       Any notice or other instrument in writing, authorized or required by this Agreement to be given to the Trust shall be sufficiently given if addressed to the Trust and received by it at its

- 16
 

offices at 200 Vesey Street, 24 th floor, New York, NY 10080, or at such other place as the Trust may from time to time designate in writing.

4.       Each and every right granted to either party hereunder or under any other document delivered hereunder or in connection herewith, or allowed it by law or equity, shall be cumulative and may be exercised from time to time. No failure on the part of either party to exercise, and no delay in exercising, any right will operate as a waiver thereof, nor will any single or partial exercise by either party of any right preclude any other or future exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right.

5.       In case any provision in or obligation under this Agreement shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any exclusive jurisdiction, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected thereby. This Agreement may not be amended or modified in any manner except by a written agreement executed by both parties, except that any amendment to the Schedule I hereto need be signed only by the Trust and any amendment to Appendix I hereto need be signed only by Custodian. This Agreement shall extend to and shall be binding upon the parties hereto, and their respective successors and assigns; provided, however, that this Agreement shall not be assignable by either party without the written consent of the other.

6.       This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with the substantive laws of the State of New York, without regard to conflicts of laws principles thereof. The Trust and Custodian hereby consent to the jurisdiction of a state or federal court situated in New York City, New York in connection with any dispute arising hereunder. The Trust hereby irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any objection which it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any such proceeding brought in such a court and any claim that such proceeding brought in such a court has been brought in an inconvenient forum. The Trust and Custodian each hereby irrevocably waives any and all rights to trial by jury in any legal proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement.

7.       The Trust hereby acknowledges that Custodian is subject to federal laws, including the Customer Identification Program (CIP) requirements under the USA PATRIOT Act and its implementing regulations, pursuant to which Custodian must obtain, verify and record information that allows Custodian to identify the Trust. Accordingly, prior to opening an Account hereunder Custodian will ask the Trust to provide certain information including, but not limited to, the Trust’s name, physical address, tax identification number and other information that will help Custodian to identify and verify the Trust’s identity such as organizational documents, certificate of good standing, license to do business, or other pertinent identifying information. The Trust agrees that Custodian cannot open an Account hereunder unless and until Custodian verifies the Trust’s identity in accordance with its CIP.

8.       The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation is a global financial organization that provides services to clients through its affiliates and subsidiaries in multiple jurisdictions (the “BNY Mellon Group”). The BNY Mellon Group may centralize functions including audit, accounting, risk, legal, compliance, sales, administration, product communication, relationship management, storage, compilation and analysis of customer-related data, and other functions (the

- 17
 

“Centralized Functions”) in one or more affiliates, subsidiaries and third-party service providers. Solely in connection with the Centralized Functions, (i) the Trust consents to the disclosure of and authorizes Custodian to disclose information regarding the Trust (“Customer-Related Data”) to the BNY Mellon Group and to its third-party service providers who are subject to confidentiality obligations with respect to such information and (ii) Custodian may store the names and business contact information of the Trust’s employees and representatives on the systems or in the records of the BNY Mellon Group or its service providers. The BNY Mellon Group may aggregate Customer-Related Data with other data collected and/or calculated by the BNY Mellon Group, and notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary the BNY Mellon Group will own all such aggregated data, provided that the BNY Mellon Group shall not distribute the aggregated data in a format that identifies Customer-Related Data with a particular customer. The Trust confirms that it is authorized to consent to the foregoing.

9.       This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but such counterparts shall, together, constitute only one instrument.

- 18
 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the Trust and Custodian have caused this Agreement to be executed by their respective officers, thereunto duly authorized, as of the latest date set forth below.

 

ACTIVE WEIGHTING FUNDS ETF TRUST

/s/ Matthew J. Clements

By: Matthew J. Clements

Title: Sole Trustee

Tax Identification No: 82-6272597

Date: August 10, 2017

THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON

/s/ Thomas Porrazzo

By: Thomas Porrazzo

Title: Managing Director

Date: August 16, 2017

- 19
 

SCHEDULE I
CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORIZED PERSONS

(The Trust - Oral and Written Instructions)

The undersigned hereby certifies that he/she is the duly elected and acting Sole Trustee of Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust (the “Trust”), and further certifies that the following officers or employees of the Trust have been duly authorized in conformity with the Trust’s Declaration of Trust and By-Laws to deliver Certificates and Oral Instructions to The Bank of New York Mellon (“Custodian”) pursuant to the Custody Agreement between the Trust and Custodian dated August 10, 2017 and that the signatures appearing opposite their names are true and correct:

Jonathon S. Clements

Name

 

Principal Executive Officer

Title

/s/ Jonathon S. Clements

Signature

Matthew J. Clements

Name

 

Sole Trustee

Title

/s/ Matthew J. Clements

Signature

                               

Name

 

                               

Title

                               

Signature

                               

Name

 

                               

Title

                               

Signature

                               

Name

 

                               

Title

                               

Signature

                               

Name

 

                               

Title

                               

Signature

                               

Name

 

                               

Title

                               

Signature

 

This certificate supersedes any certificate of Authorized Persons you may currently have on file.

[seal] By: /s/ Matthew J. Clements
    Title: Sole Trustee

Date: August 10, 2017

 
 

SCHEDULE II

SERIES

Republican Policies Fund

Democratic Policies Fund

U.S. Tax Reform Fund

European Union Breakup Fund

 

 

 

 

 

 
 

APPENDIX I

ELECTRONIC SERVICES TERMS AND CONDITIONS

 

 

These Electronic Access Terms and Conditions (the “ Terms and Conditions ”) set forth the terms and conditions under which The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation and/or its subsidiaries or joint ventures (collectively, “ BNY Mellon ”) will provide the entities and its (their) affiliates listed on Schedule A (“ You ” and “ Your ”) with access to and use of BNY Mellon’s electronic information delivery site known as “BNY Mellon Connect” and/or other BNY Mellon-designated access portals (“ Electronic Access ”). Access to and use of Electronic Access by You is contingent upon and is in consideration for Your compliance with the terms and conditions set forth below. Electronic Access includes access to BNY Mellon web sites accessible via BNY Mellon Connect and/or other BNY Mellon-designated access portals (“ Sites ”), pursuant to which You are able to access products and services provided by BNY Mellon as well as data regarding Your accounts. You may amend Schedule A by delivering a revised version to BNY Mellon.

 

Any particular product or service accessed by You through Electronic Access may be subject to a separate written agreement between You and BNY Mellon with respect to such products and services (each a “ Services Agreement ”). In addition, terms and conditions and restrictions with respect to any particular product or service accessed through Electronic Access (such as privacy and internet security matters), together with any disclaimers related to the specific products or services, may be set forth on the Sites (hereinafter referred to as “ Terms of Use ”) and are applicable to such products and services. You agree to the Terms and Conditions. By any of Your Users accessing the Sites, and the products and services available through Electronic Access, You agree to any Terms of Use and acknowledge and accept any disclaimers and disclosures included on the Sites and the restrictions concerning the use of proprietary data provided by Information Providers (as defined below) that are posted on the Data Terms Web Site (as defined below). For the avoidance of doubt, the execution of these Terms and Conditions will not alter or amend or otherwise affect any Services Agreement whether such Services Agreement is executed prior to or after the execution of these Terms and Conditions.

 

1. Access Administration :
  1. To facilitate access to Electronic Access, You will furnish BNY Mellon with a written list of the names, and the extent of authority or level of access, of persons You are authorizing to access the Sites, products and services and to use the Electronic Access (“ Authorized Users ”) on a read-only basis. In addition, You may also designate Authorized Users who will have authority to enter transactions and provide instructions to BNY Mellon that cause a change in or have an impact on assets held by BNY Mellon for Your accounts (“ Authorized Transactional Users ”). Where appropriate, Authorized Users and Authorized Transactional Users are collectively referred to herein as “ Users .” If You wish to allow any third party (such as an investment manager, consultant or third party service provider) or any employee of a third party to have access to Your account information through Electronic Access and be included as a “User” under these Terms and Conditions, You may designate a third party or employee of a third party as an Authorized User or Authorized Transactional User under these Terms and Conditions and any such third party or employee of a third party so designated by You (and, if a third party is so designated, any employee of such third party designated by such third party) will be included within the definition of Authorized User, Authorized Transactional User, and User as appropriate.
  2. Upon BNY Mellon’s approval of Users (which approval will not be unreasonably withheld), BNY Mellon will send You a user-id, temporary password and, where applicable, a security identification device for each User. You will be responsible for providing to Users the user-ids, temporary passwords and, where applicable, secure identification devices. You will ensure that any User receiving a secure identification device returns such device immediately following the termination of the User’s authorization to access the products and services for which the secure identification device was provided to such User. You are solely responsible for Users’ access to Electronic Access, and You and Users are solely responsible for the confidentiality of the user-ids and passwords and secure identification devices that are provided to them and will remain responsible for each secure identification device until it is returned to BNY Mellon. You, on behalf of You and Your affiliates, acknowledge and agree that, BNY Mellon will have no duty or obligation to verify or confirm the actual identity of the person who accessed Electronic Access using a validly issued user-id and password (and, where applicable, security identification device) or that the person who accessed
     
     
    Electronic Access using such validly issued user-id and password (and, where applicable, security identification device) is, in fact, a User (whether an Authorized User or an Authorized Transactional User).
  3. You shall not, and shall not permit any User or third party to, breach or attempt to breach any security measures used in connection with Electronic Access or Proprietary Software. Any attempt to circumvent or penetrate any application, network or other security measures used by BNY Mellon or its suppliers in connection with Electronic Access is strictly prohibited.
  4. You are also solely responsible for ensuring that all Users comply with these Terms and Conditions and any Terms of Use included on the Sites, the Service Agreement for each product or services accessed through the Sites and their associated services and all applicable terms and conditions, restrictions on the use of such products and services and data obtained through the use of Electronic Access. BNY Mellon reserves the right to prohibit access or revoke the access of any User to Electronic Access whom BNY Mellon determines has violated or breached these terms and conditions or any Terms of Use on a Site accessed by the User, including the Data Terms Web Site (as defined below), or whose conduct BNY Mellon reasonably determines may constitute a criminal offense, violate any applicable local, state, national, or international law or constitute a security risk for BNY Mellon, a BNY Mellon’s third party supplier (“ BNY Mellon’s Supplier ”), BNY Mellon’s clients or any Users of Electronic Access. BNY Mellon may also terminate access to all Users following termination of all Services Agreements between You and BNY Mellon.
2. Proprietary Software : Depending upon the products and services You elect to access through Electronic Access, You may be provided software owned by BNY Mellon or licensed to BNY Mellon by a BNY Mellon Supplier (“ Proprietary Software ”). You are granted a limited, non-exclusive, non-transferable license to install the Proprietary Software on Your authorized computer system (including mobile devices registered with BNY Mellon) and to use the Proprietary Software solely for Your own internal purposes in connection with Electronic Access and solely for the purposes for which it is provided to You. You and Your Users may make copies of the Proprietary Software for backup purposes only, provided all copyright and other proprietary information included in the original copy of the Proprietary Software are reproduced in or on such backup copies. You shall not reverse engineer, disassemble, decompile or attempt to determine the source code for, any Proprietary Software. Any attempt to circumvent or penetrate security of Electronic Access is strictly prohibited.
3. Use of Data :
  1. Electronic Access may include information and data that is proprietary to the providers of such information or data (“ Information Providers ”) or may be used to access Sites that include such information or data from Information Providers. This information and data may be subject to restrictions and requirements which are imposed on BNY Mellon by the Information Providers and which are posted on http://www.bnymellon.com/products/assetservicing/vendoragreement.pdf or any successor web site of which You are provided notice from time to time (the “ Data Terms Web Site ”). You will be solely responsible for ensuring that Users comply with the restrictions and requirements concerning the use of proprietary data that are posted on the Data Terms Web Site.

 

  1. You consent to BNY Mellon, its affiliates and BNY Mellon’s Suppliers disclosing to each other and using data received from You and Users and, where applicable, Your third parties in connection with these Terms and Conditions (including, without limitation, client data and personal data of Users) (1) to the extent necessary for the provision of Electronic Access; (2) in order for BNY Mellon and its affiliates to meet any of their obligations under these Terms and Conditions to provide Electronic Access; or (3) to the extent necessary for Users to access Electronic Access.
  2. In addition, You permit BNY Mellon to aggregate data concerning Your accounts with other data collected and/or calculated by BNY Mellon. BNY Mellon will own such aggregated data, but will not distribute the aggregated data in a format that identifies You or Your data.
4. Ownership and Rights :
  1. Electronic Access, including any database, any software (including for the avoidance of doubt, Proprietary Software) and any proprietary data, processes, scripts, information, training materials, manuals or documentation made available as part of the Electronic Access (collectively, the " Information "), are the exclusive and confidential property of BNY Mellon and/or BNY Mellon’s suppliers. You may not use or disclose the Information except as expressly authorized by these Terms and Conditions. You will, and will cause Users and Your third parties and their users, to keep the Information confidential by using the same care and discretion that You use with respect to Your own confidential information, but in no event less than reasonable care.
 
 

 

  1. The provisions of this paragraph will not affect the copyright status of any of the Information which may be copyrighted and will apply to all Information whether or not copyrighted.
  2. Nothing in these Terms and Conditions will be construed as giving You or Users any license or right to use the trade marks, logos and/or service marks of BNY Mellon, its affiliates, its Information Providers or BNY Mellon’s Suppliers.
  3. Any Intellectual Property Rights and any other rights or title not expressly granted to You or Users under these Terms and Conditions are reserved to BNY Mellon, its Information Providers and BNY Mellon’s Suppliers. "Intellectual Property Rights" includes all copyright, patents, trademarks and service marks, rights in designs, moral rights, rights in computer software, rights in databases and other protectable lists of information, rights in confidential information, trade secrets, inventions and know-how, trade and business names, domain names (including all extensions, revivals and renewals, where relevant) in each case whether registered or unregistered and applications for any of them and the goodwill attaching to any of them and any rights or forms of protection of a similar nature and having equivalent or similar effect to any of them which may subsist anywhere in the world.
5. Reliance :
  1. BNY Mellon will be entitled to rely on, and will be fully protected in acting upon, any actions or instructions associated with a user-id or a secure identification device issued to a User until such time BNY Mellon receives actual notice in writing from You of the change in status of the User and receipt of the secure identification device issued to such User. You acknowledge that all commands, directions and instructions, including commands, directions and instructions for transactions issued by a User are issued at Your sole risk. You agree to accept full and sole responsibility for all such commands, directions and instructions and that BNY Mellon, will have no liability for, and you hereby release BNY Mellon from, any losses, liabilities, damages, costs, expenses, claims, causes of action or judgments (including attorneys fees and expenses) (collectively “ Losses ”) incurred or sustained by you or any other party in connection with or as a result of BNY Mellon’s reliance upon or compliance with such commands, directions and instructions.

  2. All commands, directions and instructions involving a transaction entered by Authorized Transactional User will be treated as an authorized instruction under the applicable Services Agreement(s) between You and BNY Mellon covering accounts, products and services and products provided by BNY Mellon with respect to which Electronic Access is being used whether such Services Agreement is executed prior to or after the execution of these Terms and Conditions.
6. Disclaimers :
  1. Although BNY Mellon uses reasonable efforts to provide accurate and up-to-date information through Electronic Access, BNY Mellon, its Content Providers and Information Providers make no warranties or representations under these Terms and Conditions as to accuracy, reliability or comprehensiveness of the content, information or data accessed through Electronic Access. Without limiting the foregoing, some of the content on Electronic Access may be provided by sources unaffiliated with BNY Mellon (“ Content Providers ”) and by Information Providers. For that content BNY Mellon is a distributor and not a publisher of such content and has no control over it. Information provided by Information Providers has not been independently verified by BNY Mellon and BNY Mellon makes no representation as to the accuracy or completeness of the content or information provided.  Any opinions, advice, statements, services, offers or other information given or provided by Content Providers and Information Providers (including merchants and licensors) are those of the respective authors of such content and not that of BNY Mellon.  BNY Mellon will not be liable to You or Users for such content or information in any way nor for any action taken in reliance on such information nor for direct or indirect damages resulting from the use of such information. For purposes of these Terms and Conditions, all information and data, including all proprietary information and materials and all client data, provided to You through Electronic Access are provided on an “AS-IS”, “AS AVAILABLE” basis.
  2. BNY Mellon makes no guarantee and does not warrant that Electronic Access or the information and data provided through the Electronic Access are or will be virus-free or will be free of viruses, worms, Trojan horses or other code with contaminating or destructive properties. BNY Mellon will employ commercially reasonable anti-virus software to its systems to protect its systems against viruses.
  3. Some Sites accessed through the use of Electronic Access may include links to websites provided by parties that are not affiliated with BNY Mellon (“ Third Party Websites ”). BNY Mellon will not be liable to any person for the content found on such Third Party Websites. BNY Mellon will not be responsible for Third
     
     
    Party Websites that collect information from parties who visit their web sites through links on the Sites. BNY Mellon will not be liable or responsible for any loss suffered by any person as a result of their use of any Third Party Websites that are linked to the BNY Mellon Sites.
  4. BNY Mellon retains complete discretion and authority to add, delete or revise in whole or in part Electronic Access, including its Sites, and to modify from time to time any Proprietary Software provided in conjunction with the use of Electronic Access and/or any of the Sites. To the extent reasonably possible, BNY Mellon will provide notice of such modifications. BNY Mellon may terminate, immediately and without advance notice, and without right of cure, any portion or component of Electronic Access or the Sites.
  5. TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, THERE IS NO WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, NO WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, NO WARRANTY OF QUALITY AND NO WARRANTY OF TITLE OR NONINFRINGEMENT. THERE IS NO OTHER WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, REGARDING ELECTRONIC ACCESS, THE SITES, ANY PROPRIETARY SOFTWARE, INFORMATION, MATERIALS OR CLIENT DATA.
  6. Notwithstanding the prior paragraph, The Bank of New York Mellon or an Affiliate designated by it will defend You and pay any amounts agreed to by BNY Mellon in a settlement and damages finally awarded by a court of competent jurisdiction, in an action or proceeding commenced against You based on a claim that Electronic Access or the Proprietary Software infringe plaintiff(s)’s patent, copyright, or trade secret, provided that You (i) notify BNY Mellon promptly of any such action or claim (except that the failure to so notify BNY Mellon will not limit BNY Mellon’s obligations hereunder except to the extent that such failure prejudices BNY Mellon); (ii) grant BNY Mellon or its designated Affiliate full and exclusive authority to defend, compromise or settle such claim or action; and (iii) provide BNY Mellon or its designated Affiliate all assistance reasonably necessary to so defend, compromise or settle. The foregoing obligations will not apply, however, to any claim or action arising from (i) use of the Proprietary Software Information or Electronic Access in a manner not authorized under these Terms and Conditions, the Terms of Use, or the Data Terms Web Site; or (ii) use of the Proprietary Software or Electronic Access in combination with other software or services not supplied by BNY Mellon.
7. Limitation of Liability :
  1. IN NO EVENT WILL BNY MELLON, BNY MELLON’S SUPPLIERS OR ITS CONTENT PROVIDERS OR INFORMATION PROVIDERS BE LIABLE TO YOU OR ANYONE ELSE UNDER THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR ANY LOSSES, LIABILITIES, DAMAGES, COSTS OR EXPENSES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, ANY DIRECT DAMAGES, CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, RELIANCE DAMAGES, EXEMPLARY DAMAGES, INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, SPECIAL DAMAGES, PUNITIVE DAMAGES, INDIRECT DAMAGES OR DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF PROFITS, GOOD WILL, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, USE, DATA, EQUIPMENT OR OTHER INTANGIBLE LOSSES (EVEN IF WE HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES) THAT RESULT FROM (1) THE USE OF OR INABILITY TO USE ELECTRONIC ACCESS (2) THE CONSEQUENCES OF ANY DECISION MADE OR ACTION OR NON-ACTION TAKEN BY YOU OR ANY OTHER PERSON, OR FOR ANY ERRORS BY YOU IN COMMUNICATING SUCH INFORMATION; (3) THE COST OF SUBSTITUTE ACCESS SERVICES; OR (4) ANY OTHER MATTER RELATING TO THE CONTENT OR ACCESS THROUGH ELECTRONIC ACCESS. BNY MELLON WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR LOSS, DAMAGE OR INJURY TO PERSONS OR PROPERTY ARISING FROM ANY USE OF ANY PRODUCT, INFORMATION, PROCEDURE, OR SERVICE OBTAINED THROUGH ELECTRONIC ACCESS. BNY MELLON WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOSS, DAMAGE OR INJURY RESULTING FROM VOLUNTARY SHUTDOWN OF THE SERVER, ELECTRONIC ACCESS OR ANY OF THE SITES TO ADDRESS TECHNICAL PROBLEMS, COMPUTER VIRUSES, DENIAL-OF-SERVICE MESSAGES OR OTHER SIMILAR PROBLEMS.
  2. BNY MELLON’S ENTIRE LIABILITY AND YOUR EXCLUSIVE REMEDY UNDER THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR ANY DISPUTE OR CLAIM RELATED TO THESE TERMS OF USE, ELECTRONIC ACCESS OR SITES, IS AS FOLLOWS: IF YOU REPORT A MATERIAL MALFUNCTION IN ELECTRONIC ACCESS THAT BNY MELLON IS ABLE TO REPRODUCE, BNY MELLON WILL USE REASONABLE EFFORTS TO CORRECT THE MALFUNCTION. IF BNY MELLON IS UNABLE TO CORRECT THE MALFUNCTION, YOU MAY CEASE ALL USE OF ELECTRONIC ACCESS AND RECEIVE A REFUND OF ANY FEES PAID IN ADVANCE,
     
     
    SPECIFICALLY FOR ELECTRONIC ACCESS, APPLICABLE TO PERIODS AFTER CESSATION OF SUCH USE. BECAUSE SOME JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF LIABILITY FOR DAMAGES, IN SUCH JURISDICTIONS LIABILITY IS LIMITED TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW.
  3. The limitation of liability set forth in this Limitation of Liability section and in other provisions in these Terms and Conditions is in addition to any limitation of liability provisions contained in any Services Agreements and will not supersede or be superseded by limitation of liability provisions contained in such Services Agreements, whether executed prior to or after the execution of these Terms and Conditions, except to the extent specifically set forth in such other Services Agreements containing a reference to these Terms and Conditions.
8. Indemnification :
a. You agree to indemnify, protect and hold BNY Mellon, BNY Mellon’s Suppliers, Content Providers and Information Providers harmless from and against all liability, claims damages, costs and expenses, including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses, resulting from a claim that arises out of (i) any breach by You or Users of these Terms and Conditions, the Terms of Use or the Data Terms Web Site and (ii) any person obtaining access to Electronic Access through You or Users or through use of any password, user-id or secure identification device issued to a User, whether or not You or a User authorized such access. For the avoidance of doubt, and by way of illustration and not by way of limitation, the forgoing indemnity is applicable to disputes between the parties, including the enforcement of these Terms and Conditions. The rights and remedies conferred hereunder will be cumulative and the exercise or waiver of any such right or remedy will not preclude or inhibit the exercise of additional rights or remedies or the subsequent exercise of such right or remedy.
b. The indemnity provided in herein is in addition to any indemnity and other remedies contained in any Services Agreements and will not supersede or be superseded by such Services Agreements, whether executed prior to or after the execution of these Terms and Conditions, except to the extent specifically set forth in such other Services Agreements and expressly stating an intent to modify this Terms and Conditions. Nothing contained herein will, or be deemed to, alter or modify the rights and remedies of BNY Mellon as set forth in the Services Agreements.
9. Choice of Law and Forum : Unless otherwise agreed and specified herein, these Terms and Conditions are governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to any principles of conflicts of law; You expressly and irrevocably agree that exclusive jurisdiction and venue for any claim or dispute with bny m ellon, its employees, contractors, officers or directors or relating in any way to Your use of Electronic Access resides in the state or federal courts in New York City, New York; and You further irrevocably agree and expressly and irrevocably consent to the exercise of personal jurisdiction in those courts over any action brought with respect to these Terms and Conditions. BNY Mellon and You hereby waive the right of trial by jury in any action arising out of or related to the BNY Mellon or these Terms and Conditions.
10. Term and Termination :
  1. Either BNY Mellon or You may terminate these Terms and Conditions and the Electronic Access upon thirty (30) days’ written notice to the other party.
  2. In the event of any breach of the provisions of these Terms and Conditions or a breach by any Authorized User of the Terms of Use or the restrictions and requirements concerning the use of Information Providers’ proprietary data that are posted on the Data Terms Web Site, the non-breaching party may terminate these Terms and Conditions and the Electronic Access immediately upon written notice to the breaching party if any breach remains uncured after ten (10) days’ written notice of the breach is sent to the breaching party.
  3. BNY Mellon may immediately terminate access through an Authorized User’s user-id and password and may, at its discretion, also terminate access by an Authorized User, without right of cure, in the event of an unauthorized use of an Authorized User’s user-id or password, or where BNY Mellon believes there is a security risk created by such access.
  4. BNY Mellon may terminate, without advance notice, Your access or the access of Users to any portion or component of Electronic Access or the Sites in the event a BNY Mellon Supplier, Content Provider or Information Provider prohibits BNY Mellon from permitting You or Users to have access to their information or services.
  5. Promptly upon receiving or giving notice of termination, You will notify all Users of the effective date of the termination.
  6.  
     
  7. Upon termination of Your access to Electronic Access, You shall return of manuals, documentation, workflow descriptions and the like that are in Your possession or under Your control and all security identification devices.
  8. The Reliance, Disclaimers, Limitation of Liability Indemnification and confidentiality provisions of the Terms and Conditions (and other provision of these Terms and Conditions containing disclaimers, limitation of liability and indemnification) shall survive the termination of these Terms and Conditions.

You represent and warrant to BNY Mellon that these Terms and Conditions and the indemnity contained herein have been duly authorized and accepted, that You have full authority to enter into these Terms and Conditions, both for the entities at Schedule A and for any affiliate with Electronic Access, and that these Terms and Conditions constitute a binding obligation enforceable in accordance with its terms.

 

 
 

 

SCHEDULE A to APPENDIX I

 

Affiliates of Client

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exhibit (h)(1)

FUND ADMINISTRATION AND ACCOUNTING AGREEMENT

THIS AGREEMENT is made as of August 4 th , 2017 by and between each Trust listed on the signature page hereto (each a “Fund”, and collectively the “Funds” as applicable) and The Bank of New York Mellon, a New York corporation authorized to do a banking business (“BNY Mellon”).

W I T N E S S E T H :

WHEREAS, each Fund desires to retain BNY Mellon to provide for the portfolios identified on Exhibit A hereto (each, a “Series”) the services described herein, and BNY Mellon is willing to provide such services, all as more fully set forth below;

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises and agreements contained herein, the parties hereby agree as follows:

Definitions.

Whenever used in this Agreement, unless the context otherwise requires, the following words shall have the meanings set forth below:

“1933 Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

“1934 Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

 

1940 Act ” means the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

Authorized Person ” shall mean each person, whether or not an officer or an employee of a Fund, duly authorized by the Board to execute this Agreement and to give Instructions on behalf of such Fund as set forth in Exhibit B hereto and each Authorized Person’s scope of authority may be limited by setting forth such limitation in a written document signed by both parties hereto. From time to time each Fund may deliver a new Exhibit B to add or delete any person and BNY Mellon shall be entitled to rely on the last Exhibit B actually received by BNY Mellon.

 
 

BNY Mellon Affiliate ” shall mean any office, branch, or subsidiary of The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation.

Board ” shall mean a Fund’s board of directors, board of trustees, general partner or manager, as applicable.

Confidential Information ” shall have the meaning given in Section 21 of this Agreement.

Documents ” shall mean such other documents, including but not limited to, Board resolutions, including resolutions of the Fund’s Board authorizing the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by the Fund, and opinions of outside counsel, as BNY Mellon may reasonably request from time to time, in connection with its provision of services under this Agreement.

" Instructions " shall mean Oral Instructions or written communications actually received by BNY Mellon by S.W.I.F.T., tested telex, letter, facsimile transmission, or other method or system specified by BNY Mellon as available for use in connection with the services hereunder, from an Authorized Person or person believed in good faith to be an Authorized Person.

Investment Advisor ” shall mean the entity identified by the Funds to BNY Mellon as the entity having investment responsibility with respect to the Funds.

Net Asset Value ” shall mean the per share value of a Fund, calculated in the manner described in the Funds’ Offering Materials.

Offering Materials ” shall mean the Funds’ currently effective prospectus and most recently filed registration statement with the SEC relating to shares of the Fund.

Organizational Documents ” shall mean certified copies of a Fund’s articles of incorporation, certificate of incorporation, certificate of formation or organization, certificate of limited partnership, bylaws, limited partnership agreement, memorandum of association, limited liability company agreement, operating agreement, confidential offering memorandum, material contracts, Offering Materials, all SEC exemptive orders issued to a Fund, required filings or

- 2
 

similar documents of formation or organization, as applicable, delivered to and received by BNY Mellon.

Oral Instructions ” shall mean oral instructions received by BNY Mellon under permissible circumstances specified by BNY Mellon, in its sole discretion, as being from an Authorized Person or person believed in good faith by BNY Mellon to be an Authorized Person.

SEC ” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

Securities Laws ” means the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act and the 1940 Act.

 

Shares ” means the shares of beneficial interest of any series or class of the Fund.

Appointment.

Each Fund hereby appoints BNY Mellon as its agent for the term of this Agreement to perform the services described herein. BNY Mellon hereby accepts such appointment and agrees to perform the duties hereinafter set forth.

Representations and Warranties.

Each Fund hereby represents and warrants to BNY Mellon, which representations and warranties shall be deemed to be continuing, that:

It is duly organized and existing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization, with full power to carry on its business as now conducted, to enter into this Agreement and to perform its obligations hereunder;

This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by such Fund in accordance with all requisite action of the Board and constitutes a valid and legally binding obligation of such Fund, enforceable in accordance with its terms;

The Fund’s Investment Advisor is in good standing and qualified to do business in each jurisdiction in which the nature or conduct of its business requires such qualification.

It is conducting its business in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations, both state and federal, has made and will continue to make all necessary filings including tax filings and has obtained all regulatory licenses, approvals and consents necessary to

- 3
 

carry on its business as now conducted; there is no statute, regulation, rule, order or judgment binding on it and no provision of its Organizational Documents, nor of any mortgage, indenture, credit agreement or other contract binding on it or affecting its property which would prohibit its execution or performance of this Agreement;

The method of valuation of securities and the method of computing the Net Asset Value shall be as set forth in the Offering Materials of the Funds. To the extent the performance of any services described in Schedule I attached hereto by BNY Mellon in accordance with the then effective Offering Materials for the Fund would violate any applicable laws or regulations, the Fund shall immediately so notify BNY Mellon in writing and thereafter shall either furnish BNY Mellon with the appropriate values of securities, net asset value or other computation, as the case may be, or, instruct BNY Mellon in writing to value securities and/or compute Net Asset Value or other computations in a manner the Fund specifies in writing, and either the furnishing of such values or the giving of such instructions shall constitute a representation by the Fund that the same is consistent with all applicable laws and regulations and with its Offering Materials, all subject to confirmation by BNY Mellon as to its capacity to act in accordance with the foregoing;

The terms of this Agreement, the fees and expenses associated with this Agreement and any benefits accruing to BNY Mellon or to the Investment Advisor to or sponsor of a Fund in connection with this Agreement, including but not limited to any fee waivers, conversion cost reimbursements, upfront payments, signing payments or periodic payments made or to be made by BNY Mellon to such Investment Advisor or sponsor or any affiliate of a Fund relating to this Agreement have been fully disclosed to the Board of each Fund and that, if required by applicable law, such Board has approved or will approve the terms of this Agreement, any such fees and expenses and any such benefits;

Each person named on Exhibit B hereto is duly authorized by such Fund to be an Authorized Person hereunder;

It has implemented, and is acting in accordance with, procedures reasonably designed to ensure that it will disseminate to all market participants, other than Authorized Participants (as defined in its Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information), each

- 4
 

calculation of net asset value provided by BNY hereunder to Authorized Participants at the time BNY Mellon provides such calculation to Authorized Participants.

Without limiting the provisions of Section 21 herein, the Fund shall treat as confidential the terms and conditions of this Agreement and shall not disclose nor authorize disclosure thereof to any other person, except (i) to its employees, regulators, examiners, internal and external accountants, auditors, and counsel, (ii) for a summary description of this Agreement in the Offering Materials with the prior written approval of BNY Mellon, (iii) to any other person when required by a court order or legal process, or (iv) whenever advised by its counsel that it would be liable for a failure to make such disclosure. The Fund shall instruct its employees, regulators, examiners, internal and external accountants, auditors, and counsel who may be afforded access to such information of the Fund’s obligations of confidentiality hereunder; and

The Funds shall promptly notify BNY Mellon in writing of any and all legal proceedings or securities investigations filed or commenced against any Fund, the Investment Advisor or the Board.

Delivery of Documents.

Each Fund shall promptly provide, deliver, or cause to be delivered from time to time, to BNY Mellon the Fund’s Organizational Documents, a copy of any and all SEC exemptive orders issued to the Fund, and Documents and other materials used in the distribution of Shares and all amendments thereto as may be necessary for BNY Mellon to perform its duties hereunder. BNY Mellon shall not be deemed to have notice of any information (other than information supplied by BNY Mellon) contained in such Organizational Documents, Documents or other materials until they are actually received by BNY Mellon.

Duties and Obligations of BNY Mellon.

Subject to the direction and control of each Fund’s Board and the provisions of this Agreement, BNY Mellon shall provide to each Fund the administrative services and the valuation and computation services listed on Schedule I attached hereto.

In performing hereunder, BNY Mellon shall provide, at its expense, office space, facilities, equipment and personnel.

- 5
 

BNY Mellon shall not provide any services relating to the management, investment advisory or sub-advisory functions of any Fund, distribution of shares of any Fund, maintenance of any Fund’s financial records or other services normally performed by the Funds’ respective counsel or independent auditors and the services provided by BNY Mellon do not constitute, nor shall they be construed as constituting, legal advice or the provision of legal services for or on behalf of the Fund or any other person, and each Fund acknowledges that BNY Mellon does not provide public accounting or auditing services or advice and will not be making any tax filings, or doing any tax reporting on its behalf, other than those specifically agreed to hereunder. The scope of services provided by BNY Mellon under this Agreement shall not be increased as a result of new or revised regulatory or other requirements that may become applicable with respect to the Fund, unless the parties hereto expressly agree in writing to any such increase in the scope of services.

Each Fund shall cause its officers, advisors, sponsor, distributor, legal counsel, independent accountants, current administrator (if any), transfer agent, and any other service provider to cooperate with BNY Mellon and to provide BNY Mellon, upon request, with such information, documents and advice relating to such Fund as is within the possession or knowledge of such persons, and which in the opinion of BNY Mellon, is necessary in order to enable BNY Mellon to perform its duties hereunder. In connection with its duties hereunder, BNY Mellon shall not be responsible for, under any duty to inquire into, or be deemed to make any assurances with respect to the accuracy, validity or propriety of any information, documents or advice provided to BNY Mellon by any of the aforementioned persons. BNY Mellon shall not be liable for any loss, damage or expense resulting from or arising out of the failure of the Fund to cause any information, documents or advice to be provided to BNY Mellon as provided herein and shall be held harmless by each Fund when acting in reliance upon such information, documents or advice relating to such Fund. All fees or costs charged by such persons shall be borne by the appropriate Fund. In the event that any services performed by BNY Mellon hereunder rely, in whole or in part, upon information obtained from a third party service utilized or subscribed to by BNY Mellon which BNY Mellon in its reasonable judgment deems reliable, BNY Mellon shall not have any responsibility or liability for, under any duty to inquire into, or deemed to make any assurances with respect to, the accuracy or completeness of such information.

- 6
 

Nothing in this Agreement shall limit or restrict BNY Mellon, any BNY Mellon Affiliate or any officer or employee thereof from acting for or with any third parties, and providing services similar or identical to same or all of the services provided hereunder.

Each Fund shall furnish BNY Mellon with any and all instructions, explanations, information, specifications and documentation deemed necessary by BNY Mellon in the performance of its duties hereunder, including, without limitation, the amounts or written formula for calculating the amounts and times of accrual of Fund liabilities and expenses, and the value of any securities lending related collateral investment account(s). BNY Mellon shall not be required to include as Fund liabilities and expenses, nor as a reduction of net asset value, any accrual for any federal, state, or foreign income taxes unless the Fund shall have specified to BNY Mellon in Instructions the precise amount of the same to be included in liabilities and expenses or used to reduce net asset value. Each Fund shall also furnish BNY Mellon with bid, offer, or market values of securities if BNY Mellon notifies such Fund that same are not available to BNY Mellon from a security pricing or similar service utilized, or subscribed to, by BNY Mellon which the Fund directs BNY Mellon to utilize, and which BNY Mellon in its judgment deems reliable at the time such information is required for calculations hereunder. At any time and from time to time, the Fund also may furnish BNY Mellon with bid, offer, or market values of securities and instruct BNY Mellon in Instructions to use such information in its calculations hereunder. BNY Mellon shall at no time be required or obligated to commence or maintain any utilization of, or subscriptions to, any securities pricing or similar service. In no event shall BNY Mellon be required to determine, or have any obligations with respect to, whether a market price represents any fair or true value, nor to adjust any price to reflect any events or announcements, including, without limitation, those with respect to the issuer thereof, it being agreed that all such determinations and considerations shall be solely for the Fund.

BNY Mellon may apply to an Authorized Person of any Fund for Instructions with respect to any matter arising in connection with BNY Mellon’s performance hereunder for such Fund, and BNY Mellon shall not be liable for any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith without gross negligence or willful misconduct in accordance with such Instructions. Such application for Instructions may, at the option of BNY Mellon, set forth in writing any action proposed to be taken or omitted to be taken by BNY Mellon with respect to its duties or obligations under this Agreement and the date on and/or after which such action shall

- 7
 

be taken. BNY Mellon shall not be liable for any action taken or omitted to be taken in accordance with a proposal included in any such application on or after the date specified therein unless, prior to taking or omitting to take any such action, BNY Mellon has received Instructions from an Authorized Person in response to such application specifying the action to be taken or omitted.

BNY Mellon may consult with counsel to the appropriate Fund or its own counsel, at such Fund’s expense, and shall be fully protected with respect to anything done or omitted by it in good faith in accordance with the advice or opinion of such counsel.

Notwithstanding any other provision contained in this Agreement or Schedule I attached hereto, BNY Mellon shall have no duty or obligation with respect to, including, without limitation, any duty or obligation to determine, or advise or notify any Fund of: (i) the taxable nature of any distribution or amount received or deemed received by, or payable to, a Fund, (ii) the taxable nature or effect on a Fund or its shareholders of any corporate actions, class actions, tax reclaims, tax refunds or similar events, (iii) the taxable nature or taxable amount of any distribution or dividend paid, payable or deemed paid, by a Fund to its shareholders; or (iv) the effect under any federal, state, or foreign income tax laws of a Fund making or not making any distribution or dividend payment, or any election with respect thereto. Further, BNY Mellon is not responsible for the identification of securities requiring U.S. tax treatment that differs from treatment under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. BNY Mellon is solely responsible for processing such securities, as identified by the Fund or its Authorized Persons, in accordance with U.S. tax laws and regulations.

BNY Mellon shall have no duties or responsibilities whatsoever except such duties and responsibilities as are specifically set forth in this Agreement and Schedule I attached hereto, and no covenant or obligation shall be implied against BNY Mellon in connection with this Agreement.

BNY Mellon, in performing the services required of it under the terms of this Agreement, shall be entitled to rely fully on the accuracy and validity of any and all Instructions, explanations, information, specifications, Documents and documentation furnished to it by a Fund and shall have no duty or obligation to review the accuracy, validity or propriety of such Instructions, explanations, information, specifications, Documents or documentation, including,

- 8
 

without limitation, evaluations of securities; the amounts or formula for calculating the amounts and times of accrual of Funds’ or Series’ liabilities and expenses; the amounts receivable and the amounts payable on the sale or purchase of securities; and amounts receivable or amounts payable for the sale or redemption of Fund Shares effected by or on behalf of a Fund.  In the event BNY Mellon’s computations hereunder rely, in whole or in part, upon information, including, without limitation, bid, offer or market values of securities or other assets, or accruals of interest or earnings thereon, from a pricing or similar service utilized, or subscribed to, by BNY Mellon which the Fund directs BNY Mellon to utilize, and which BNY Mellon in its judgment deems reliable, BNY Mellon shall not be responsible for, under any duty to inquire into, or deemed to make any assurances with respect to, the accuracy or completeness of such information. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, BNY Mellon shall not be required to inquire into any valuation of securities or other assets by a Fund or any third party described in this sub-section (k) even though BNY Mellon in performing services similar to the services provided pursuant to this Agreement for others may receive different valuations of the same or different securities of the same issuers.

BNY Mellon, in performing the services required of it under the terms of this Agreement, shall not be responsible for determining whether any interest accruable to a Fund is or will be actually paid, but will accrue such interest until otherwise instructed by such Fund.

BNY Mellon shall not be responsible for damages (including without limitation damages caused by delays, failure, errors, interruption or loss of data) which occurring directly or indirectly by reason of circumstances beyond its reasonable control in the performance of its duties under this Agreement, including, without limitation, labor difficulties within or without BNY Mellon, mechanical breakdowns, flood or catastrophe, acts of God, failures of transportation, interruptions, loss, or malfunctions of utilities, action or inaction of civil or military authority, national emergencies, public enemy, war, terrorism, riot, sabotage, non-performance by a third party, failure of the mails, communications, computer (hardware or software) services, or functions or malfunctions of the internet, firewalls, encryption systems or security devices caused by any of the above.  Nor shall BNY Mellon be responsible for delays or failures to supply the information or services specified in this Agreement where such delays or failures are caused by the failure of any person(s) other than BNY Mellon to supply any instructions, explanations, information, specifications or documentation deemed necessary by

- 9
 

BNY Mellon in the performance of its duties under this Agreement.

Allocation of Expenses.

Except as otherwise provided herein, all costs and expenses arising or incurred in connection with the performance of this Agreement shall be paid by the appropriate Fund, including but not limited to, organizational costs and costs of maintaining corporate existence, taxes, interest, brokerage fees and commissions, insurance premiums, compensation and expenses of such Fund’s trustees, directors, officers or employees, legal, accounting and audit expenses, management, advisory, sub-advisory, administration and shareholder servicing fees, charges of custodians, transfer and dividend disbursing agents, expenses (including clerical expenses) incident to the issuance, redemption or repurchase of Fund shares or membership interests, as applicable, fees and expenses incident to the registration or qualification under the Securities Laws, state or other applicable securities laws of the Fund or its shares or membership interests, as applicable, costs (including printing and mailing costs) of preparing and distributing Offering Materials, reports, notices and proxy material to such Fund’s shareholders or members, as applicable, all expenses incidental to holding meetings of such Fund’s trustees, directors and shareholders, and extraordinary expenses as may arise, including litigation affecting such Fund and legal obligations relating thereto for which the Fund may have to indemnify its trustees, directors, officers, managers, and/or members, as may be applicable.

Portfolio Compliance Services.

If Schedule I contains a requirement for BNY Mellon to provide the Fund with portfolio compliance services, such services shall be provided pursuant to the terms of this Section 7 (the “Portfolio Compliance Services”). The precise compliance review and testing services to be provided shall be as directed by each Fund and as mutually agreed between BNY Mellon and such Fund, and the results of BNY Mellon’s Portfolio Compliance Services shall be detailed in a portfolio compliance summary report (the “Compliance Summary Report”) prepared on a periodic basis as mutually agreed. Each Compliance Summary Report shall be subject to review and approval by the Fund. BNY Mellon shall have no responsibility or obligation to provide Portfolio Compliance Services other that those services specifically listed in Schedule I.

- 10
 

The Fund will examine each Compliance Summary Report delivered to it by BNY Mellon and notify BNY Mellon of any error, omission or discrepancy within ten (10) days of its receipt. The Fund agrees to notify BNY Mellon promptly in writing if it fails to receive any such Compliance Summary Report. The Fund further acknowledges that unless it notifies BNY Mellon of any error, omission or discrepancy within 10 days, such Compliance Summary Report shall be deemed final and shall not be reissued. In addition, if the Fund learns of any out-of-compliance condition before receiving a Compliance Summary Report reflecting such condition, the Fund will notify BNY Mellon of such condition within one (1) business day after discovery thereof.

While BNY Mellon will endeavor to identify out-of-compliance conditions, BNY Mellon does not and could not for the fees charged, make any guarantees, representations or warranties with respect to its ability to identify all such conditions. In the event of any errors or omissions in the performance of Portfolio Compliance Services, the Fund’s sole and exclusive remedy and BNY Mellon’s sole liability shall be limited to re-performance by BNY Mellon of the Portfolio Compliance Services affected and in connection therewith the correction of any error or omission, if practicable and the preparation of a corrected report, at no cost to the Fund.

Rule 38a-1 and Regulatory Administration Services.

If Schedule I contains a requirement for BNY Mellon to provide the Fund with compliance support services related to Rule 38a-1 promulgated under the 1940 Act and/or Regulatory Administration services, such services shall be provided pursuant to the terms of this Section 7 (such services, collectively hereinafter referred to as the “Regulatory Support Services”).

Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, the Regulatory Support Services provided by BNY Mellon under this Agreement are administrative in nature and do not constitute, nor shall they be construed as constituting, legal advice or the provision of legal services for or on behalf of the Fund or any other person.

All work product produced by BNY Mellon in connection with its provision of Regulatory Support Services under this Agreement is subject to review and approval by the Fund and by the Fund’s legal counsel. The Regulatory Support Services performed by BNY Mellon

- 11
 

under this Agreement will be at the request and direction of the Fund and/or its chief compliance officer (the “Fund’s CCO”), as applicable. BNY Mellon disclaims liability to the Fund, and the Fund is solely responsible, for the selection, qualifications and performance of the Fund’s CCO and the adequacy and effectiveness of the Fund’s compliance program.

Standard of Care; Indemnification.

Except as otherwise provided herein, BNY Mellon and any BNY Mellon Affiliate shall not be liable for any costs, expenses, damages, liabilities or claims (including attorneys’ and accountants’ fees) incurred by or asserted against a Fund, except those costs, expenses, damages, liabilities or claims arising out of BNY Mellon’s own bad faith, gross negligence or willful misconduct. In no event shall BNY Mellon or any BNY Mellon Affiliate be liable to any Fund or any third party for any special, indirect or consequential damages, or lost profits or loss of business, arising under or in connection with this Agreement, even if previously informed of the possibility of such damages and regardless of the form of action. BNY Mellon and any BNY Mellon Affiliate shall not be liable for any loss, damage or expense, including counsel fees and other costs and expenses of a defense against any claim or liability, resulting from, arising out of, or in connection with its performance hereunder, including its actions or omissions, the incompleteness or inaccuracy of any specifications or other information furnished by the Fund, or for delays caused by circumstances beyond BNY Mellon’s reasonable control, unless such loss, damage or expense arises out of the bad faith, gross negligence or willful misconduct of BNY Mellon.

Each Fund shall indemnify and hold harmless BNY Mellon and any BNY Mellon Affiliate from and against any and all costs, expenses, damages, liabilities and claims (including claims asserted by a Fund), and reasonable attorneys’ and accountants’ fees relating thereto, which are sustained or incurred or which may be asserted against BNY Mellon or any BNY Mellon Affiliate, by reason of or as a result of any action taken or omitted to be taken by BNY Mellon or any BNY Mellon Affiliate without bad faith, gross negligence, or willful misconduct, or in reliance upon (i) any law, act, regulation or interpretation of the same even though the same may thereafter have been altered, changed, amended or repealed, (ii) such Fund’s Offering Materials or Documents (excluding information provided by BNY Mellon), (iii) any Instructions, or (iv) any opinion of legal counsel for such Fund or BNY Mellon, or arising out of transactions

- 12
 

or other activities of such Fund which occurred prior to the commencement of this Agreement; provided , that no Fund shall indemnify BNY Mellon nor any BNY Mellon Affiliate for costs, expenses, damages, liabilities or claims for which BNY Mellon or any BNY Mellon Affiliate is liable under the preceding sub-section 8(a). This indemnity shall be a continuing obligation of each Fund, its successors and assigns, notwithstanding the termination of this Agreement. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, each Fund shall indemnify BNY Mellon and any BNY Mellon Affiliate against and save BNY Mellon and any BNY Mellon Affiliate harmless from any loss, damage or expense, including counsel fees and other costs and expenses of a defense against any claim or liability, arising from any one or more of the following:

Errors in records or instructions, explanations, information, specifications or documentation of any kind, as the case may be, supplied to BNY Mellon by any third party described above or by or on behalf of a Fund;

Action or inaction taken or omitted to be taken by BNY Mellon or any BNY Mellon Affiliate pursuant to Instructions of the Fund or otherwise without gross negligence or willful misconduct;

Any action taken or omitted to be taken by BNY Mellon in good faith in accordance with the advice or opinion of counsel for a Fund or its own counsel;

Any improper use by a Fund or its agents, distributor or investment advisor of any valuations or computations supplied by BNY Mellon pursuant to this Agreement;

The method of valuation of the securities and the method of computing each Series’ net asset value; or

Any valuations of securities, other assets, or the net asset value provided by a Fund.

Actions taken or omitted in reliance on Instructions or upon any information, order, indenture, stock certificate, membership certificate, power of attorney, assignment, affidavit or other instrument believed by BNY Mellon in good faith to be from an Authorized Person, or upon the opinion of legal counsel for a Fund or its own counsel, shall be conclusively presumed to have been taken or omitted in good faith.

- 13
 

Compensation.

For the services provided hereunder, each Fund agrees to pay BNY Mellon such compensation as is mutually agreed to in writing by each Fund and BNY Mellon from time to time and such out-of-pocket expenses ( e.g. , telecommunication charges, postage and delivery charges, costs of independent compliance reviews, record retention costs, reproduction charges and transportation and lodging costs) as are incurred by BNY Mellon in performing its duties hereunder. Except as hereinafter set forth, compensation shall be calculated and accrued daily and paid monthly. Each Fund authorizes BNY Mellon to debit such Fund’s custody account for all amounts due and payable hereunder. BNY Mellon shall deliver to each Fund invoices for services rendered after debiting such Fund’s custody account with an indication that payment has been made. Upon termination of this Agreement before the end of any month, the compensation for such part of a month shall be prorated according to the proportion which such period bears to the full monthly period and shall be payable upon the effective date of termination of this Agreement. For the purpose of determining compensation payable to BNY Mellon, each Fund’s net asset value shall be computed at the times and in the manner specified in the Fund’s Offering Materials.

Records; Visits.

(a) The books and records pertaining to each Fund and such Fund’s Series which are in the possession or under the control of BNY Mellon shall be the property of the Fund. The Fund and Authorized Persons shall have access to such books and records at all times during BNY Mellon’s normal business hours. Upon the reasonable request of the Fund, copies of any such books and records shall be provided by BNY Mellon to the Fund or to an Authorized Person, at the Fund’s expense.

(b) BNY Mellon shall keep all books and records with respect to each Series’ books of account, records of each Series’ securities transactions and all other books and records as BNY Mellon is required to maintain pursuant to Rule 31a-1 of the 1940 Act in connection with the services provided hereunder.

Term of Agreement.

(a) This Agreement shall be effective on the date first written above and, unless terminated pursuant to its terms, shall continue until 11:59 PM on the date which is the fifth

- 14
 

anniversary of such date (the “Initial Term”), at which time this Agreement shall terminate, unless renewed in accordance with the terms hereof.

(b) This Agreement shall automatically renew for successive terms of one (1) year each (each, a “Renewal Term”), unless the Fund or BNY Mellon gives written notice to the other party of its intent not to renew and such notice is received by the other party not less than one hundred and eighty days (180) days prior to the expiration of the Initial Term or the then-current Renewal Term (a "Non-Renewal Notice"). In the event a party provides a Non-Renewal Notice, this Agreement shall terminate at 11:59 PM on the last day of the Initial Term or Renewal Term, as applicable.

(c) If a party materially breaches this Agreement (a “Defaulting Party”) the other party (the “Non-Defaulting Party”) may give written notice thereof to the Defaulting Party ("Breach Notice"), and if such material breach shall not have been remedied within thirty (30) days after the Breach Notice is given, then the Non Defaulting Party may terminate this Agreement by giving written notice of termination to the Defaulting Party ("Breach Termination Notice"), in which case this Agreement shall terminate as of 11:59 PM on the 30th day following the date the Breach Termination Notice is given, or such later date as may be specified in the Breach Termination Notice (but not later than the last day of the Initial Term or then-current Renewal Term, as appropriate). In all cases, termination by the Non-Defaulting Party shall not constitute a waiver by the Non-Defaulting Party of any other rights it might have under this Agreement or otherwise against the Defaulting Party.

(d) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, BNY Mellon may in its sole discretion terminate this Agreement immediately by sending notice thereof to the Fund upon the happening of any of the following: (i) the Fund commences as debtor any case or proceeding under any bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law, or there is commenced against the Fund any such case or proceeding; (ii) the Fund commences as debtor any case or proceeding seeking the appointment of a receiver, conservator, trustee, custodian or similar official for the Fund or any substantial part of its property or there is commenced against the Fund any such case or proceeding; (iii) the Fund makes a general assignment for the benefit of creditors; or (iv) the Fund admits in any recorded medium, written, electronic or otherwise, its inability to pay its debts as they come due. BNY Mellon may exercise its termination right under this Section 11(d)

- 15
 

at any time after the occurrence of any of the foregoing events notwithstanding that such event may cease to be continuing prior to such exercise, and any delay in exercising this right shall not be construed as a waiver or other extinguishment of that right. Any exercise by BNY Mellon of its termination right under this Section 11(d) shall be without any prejudice to any other remedies or rights available to BNY Mellon and shall not be subject to any fee or penalty, whether monetary or equitable. Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 18, notice of termination under this Section 11(d) shall be considered given and effective when given, not when received.

Amendment.

This Agreement may not be amended, changed or modified in any manner except by a written agreement executed by BNY Mellon and the Fund to be bound thereby, and authorized or approved by such Fund’s Board.

Assignment; Subcontracting.

(a) This Agreement shall extend to and shall be binding upon the parties hereto, and their respective successors and assigns; provided, however, that this Agreement shall not be assignable or delegable by any Fund without the written consent of BNY Mellon, or by BNY Mellon without the written consent of the affected Fund.

(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing: (i) BNY Mellon may assign or transfer this Agreement to any BNY Mellon Affiliate or transfer this Agreement in connection with a sale of a majority or more of its assets, equity interests or voting control, provided that BNY Mellon gives the Funds thirty (30) days' prior written notice of such assignment or transfer and such assignment or transfer does not impair the provision of services under this Agreement in any material respect, and the assignee or transferee agrees to be bound by all terms of this Agreement in place of BNY Mellon; (ii) BNY Mellon may subcontract with, hire, engage or otherwise outsource to any BNY Mellon Affiliate with respect to the performance of any one or more of the functions, services, duties or obligations of BNY Mellon under this Agreement but any such subcontracting, hiring, engaging or outsourcing shall not relieve BNY Mellon of any of its liabilities hereunder; (iii) BNY Mellon may subcontract with, hire, engage or otherwise outsource to an unaffiliated third party with respect to the performance of any one or more of

- 16
 

the functions, services, duties or obligations of BNY Mellon under this Agreement but any such subcontracting, hiring, engaging or outsourcing shall (A) require the prior written consent of the Fund and (B) limit BNY Mellon’s liability such that BNY Mellon shall only be liable for failure to reasonably select such unaffiliated third party, and BNY Mellon shall have no liability for any acts or omissions to act of such unaffiliated third party; and (iv) BNY Mellon, in the course of providing certain additional services requested by a Fund, including but not limited to, Typesetting, Money Market Fund, or eBoard Book services (“Vendor Eligible Services”) as further described in Schedule I, may in its sole discretion, enter into an agreement or agreements with a financial printer, or electronic services provider (“Vendor”) to provide BNY Mellon with the ability to generate certain reports or provide certain functionality. BNY Mellon shall not be obligated to perform any of the Vendor Eligible Services unless an agreement between BNY Mellon and the Vendor for the provision of such services is then-currently in effect, and shall only be liable for the failure to reasonably select the Vendor. Upon request, BNY Mellon will disclose the identity of the Vendor and the status of the contractual relationship, and a Fund is free to attempt to contract directly with the Vendor for the provision of the Vendor Eligible Services.

(c) As compensation for the Vendor Eligible Services rendered by BNY Mellon pursuant to this Agreement, the Fund will pay to BNY Mellon such fees as may be agreed to in writing by the Fund and BNY Mellon. In turn, BNY Mellon will be responsible for paying the Vendor’s fees. For the avoidance of doubt, BNY Mellon anticipates that the fees it charges hereunder will be more than the fees charged to it by the Vendor, and BNY Mellon will retain the difference between the amount paid to BNY Mellon hereunder and the fees BNY Mellon pays to the Vendor as compensation for the additional services provided by BNY Mellon in the course of making the Vendor Eligible Services available to the Fund.

Governing Law; Consent to Jurisdiction.

This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, without regard to conflict of laws principles thereof. Each Fund hereby consents to the jurisdiction of a state or federal court situated in New York City, New York in connection with any dispute arising hereunder, and waives to the fullest extent permitted by law its right to a trial by jury. To the extent that in any jurisdiction any Fund may now or hereafter be entitled to

- 17
 

claim, for itself or its assets, immunity from suit, execution, attachment (before or after judgment) or other legal process, such Fund irrevocably agrees not to claim, and it hereby waives, such immunity.

Severability.

In case any provision in or obligation under this Agreement shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions or obligations shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby, and if any provision is inapplicable to any person or circumstances, it shall nevertheless remain applicable to all other persons and circumstances.

No Waiver.

Each and every right granted to either party hereunder or under any other document delivered hereunder or in connection herewith, or allowed it by law or equity, shall be cumulative and may be exercised from time to time. No failure on the part of either party to exercise, and no delay in exercising, any right will operate as a waiver thereof, nor will any single or partial exercise by either party of any right preclude any other or future exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right.

Notices.

All notices, requests, consents and other communications pursuant to this Agreement in writing shall be sent as follows:

if to a Fund, at

Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust

200 Vesey Street, 24 th floor,

New York, NY 10281

Attention: Secretary

 

- 18
 

if to BNY Mellon, at

BNY Mellon
2 Hanson Place
Brooklyn, NY 11217
Attention: ETF Operations

with a copy to:

The Bank of New York Mellon
225 Liberty Street
New York, New York 10286
Attention: Legal Dept. – Asset Servicing

or at such other place as may from time to time be designated in writing. Notices hereunder shall be effective upon receipt.

Counterparts .

This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original; but such counterparts together shall constitute only one instrument.

Several Obligations.

The parties acknowledge that the obligations of the Funds hereunder are several and not joint, that no Fund shall be liable for any amount owing by another Fund and that the Funds have executed one instrument for convenience only.

Confidentiality .

(a) Each party shall keep confidential any information relating to the other party’s business (“Confidential Information”). Confidential Information shall include (a) any data or information that is competitively sensitive material, and not generally known to the public, including, but not limited to, information about product plans, marketing strategies, finances, operations, customer relationships, customer profiles, customer lists, sales estimates, business plans, and internal performance results relating to the past, present or future business activities of a Fund or BNY Mellon and their respective subsidiaries and affiliated companies; (b) any scientific or technical information, design, process, procedure, formula, or improvement that is commercially valuable and secret in the sense that its confidentiality affords a Fund or BNY

- 19
 

Mellon a competitive advantage over its competitors; (c) all confidential or proprietary concepts, documentation, reports, data, specifications, computer software, source code, object code, flow charts, databases, inventions, know-how, and trade secrets, whether or not patentable or copyrightable; and (d) anything designated as confidential. Notwithstanding the foregoing, information shall not be Confidential Information and shall not be subject to such confidentiality obligations if it: (a) is already known to the receiving party at the time it is obtained; (b) is or becomes publicly known or available through no wrongful act of the receiving party; (c) is rightfully received from a third party who, to the best of the receiving party’s knowledge, is not under a duty of confidentiality; (d) is released by the protected party to a third party without restriction; (e) is requested or required to be disclosed by the receiving party pursuant to a court order, subpoena, governmental or regulatory agency request or law; (f) is relevant to the defense of any claim or cause of action asserted against the receiving party; (g) is Fund information provided by BNY Mellon in connection with an independent third party compliance or other review; (h) is released in connection with the provision of services under this Agreement; or (i) has been or is independently developed or obtained by the receiving party. The provisions of this Section 20 shall survive termination of this Agreement for a period of one (1) year after such termination.

(b) The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation is a global financial organization that provides services to clients through its affiliates and subsidiaries in multiple jurisdictions (the “BNY Mellon Group”). The BNY Mellon Group may centralize functions including audit, accounting, risk, legal, compliance, sales, administration, product communication, relationship management, storage, compilation and analysis of customer-related data, and other functions (the “Centralized Functions”) in one or more affiliates, subsidiaries and third-party service providers. Solely in connection with the Centralized Functions, (i) the Fund consents to the disclosure of and authorizes BNY Mellon to disclose information regarding the Fund (“Customer-Related Data”) to the BNY Mellon Group and to its third-party service providers who are subject to confidentiality obligations with respect to such information and (ii) BNY Mellon may store the names and business contact information of the Fund’s employees and representatives on the systems or in the records of the BNY Mellon Group or its service providers. The BNY Mellon Group may aggregate Customer-Related Data with other data collected and/or calculated by the

- 20
 

BNY Mellon Group, and notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary the BNY Mellon Group will own all such aggregated data, provided that the BNY Mellon Group shall not distribute the aggregated data in a format that identifies Customer-Related Data with a particular customer. The Fund confirms that it is authorized to consent to the foregoing.

22. Non-Solicitation .

During the term of this Agreement and for one (1) year thereafter, the Fund shall not (with the exceptions noted in the immediately succeeding sentence) knowingly solicit or recruit for employment or hire any of BNY Mellon’s employees, and the Fund shall cause the Fund’s sponsor and any affiliates of the Fund to not (with the exceptions noted in the immediately succeeding sentence) knowingly solicit or recruit for employment or hire any of BNY Mellon’s employees. To “knowingly” solicit, recruit or hire within the meaning of this provision does not include, and therefore does not prohibit, solicitation, recruitment or hiring of a BNY Mellon employee by the Fund, the Fund’s sponsor or an affiliate of the Fund if the BNY Mellon employee was identified by such entity solely as a result of the BNY Mellon employee’s response to a general advertisement by such entity in a publication of trade or industry interest or other similar general solicitation by such entity.

 

[Signature page follows.]

- 21
 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused the foregoing instrument to be executed by their duly authorized officers and their seals to be hereunto affixed, all as of the latest date set forth below.

 

By: / s/ Matthew Clements

on behalf of each Fund

identified on Exhibit A

attached hereto

Name: Matthew Clements

Title: Sole Trustee

Date: August 16, 2017

THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON

 

 

By: /s/ Thomas Porrazzo

Name: Thomas Porrazzo

Title: Managing Director

Date: August 16, 2017

 

- 22
 

EXHIBIT A

Series

Republican Policies Fund

Democratic Policies Fund

U.S. Tax Reform Fund

European Union Breakup Fund  

 

 

 

 
 

EXHIBIT B

I, Matthew Clements , of Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust, a Delaware trust (the “Fund”), do hereby certify that:

The following individuals serve in the following positions with the Fund, and each has been duly elected or appointed by the Board of the Fund to each such position and qualified therefor in conformity with the Fund’s Organizational Documents, and the signatures set forth opposite their respective names are their true and correct signatures. Each such person is designated as an Authorized Person under the Fund Administration and Accounting Agreement dated as of August 4 th , 2017, between the Fund and The Bank of New York Mellon.

Name Position Signature
Matthew Clements Chairman of the Trust /s/ Matthew Clements

 

 
 

SCHEDULE I

Schedule of Services

 

All services provided in this Schedule of Services are subject to the review and approval of the appropriate Fund officers, Fund counsel and accountants of each Fund, as may be applicable. The services included on this Schedule of Services may be provided by BNY Mellon or a BNY Mellon Affiliate, collectively referred to herein as “BNY Mellon”.

 

VALUATION AND COMPUTATION ACCOUNTING SERVICES

 

BNY Mellon shall provide the following valuation and computation accounting services for each Fund:

§ Journalize investment, capital share and income and expense activities;
§ Maintain individual ledgers for investment securities;
§ Maintain historical tax lots for each security;
§ Reconcile cash and investment balances of each Fund with the Fund’s custodian and provide a Fund’s investment adviser, as applicable, with the beginning cash balance available for investment purposes upon request;
§ Calculate various contractual expenses;
§ Calculate capital gains and losses;
§ Calculate daily distribution rate per share;
§ Determine net income;
§ Obtain security market quotes and currency exchange rates from pricing services approved by a Fund’s investment adviser, or if such quotes are unavailable, then obtain such prices from the Fund’s investment adviser, and in either case, calculate the market value of each Fund’s investments in accordance with the Fund's valuation policies or guidelines; provided, however, that BNY Mellon shall not under any circumstances be under a duty to independently price or value any of the Fund's investments itself or to confirm or validate any information or valuation provided by the investment adviser or any other pricing source, nor shall BNY Mellon have any liability relating to inaccuracies or otherwise with respect to such information or valuations;
§ Compute net asset value;
· Such net asset value reports and statements shall be provided to the Fund and to Authorized Participants on days when the exchange listing the Fund is operating, in each case by such means as BNY Mellon and the Fund may agree upon from time to time.
§ Transmit or make available a copy of the daily portfolio valuation to a Fund’s investment adviser;
§ Publish basket to NSCC on for each day on which trading occurs on the NYSE;
§ Compute yields and portfolio average dollar-weighted maturity as applicable; and
§ Compute portfolio turnover rate for inclusion in the annual and semi-annual shareholder reports.

 

FINANCIAL REPORTING

 

BNY Mellon shall provide the following financial reporting services for each Fund:

 

 
 
§ Financial Statement Preparation & Review
· Prepare the Fund’s annual and semi-annual shareholder reports 1 for shareholder delivery and for inclusion in Form N-CSR;
· Prepare the Fund’s quarterly schedule of portfolio holdings 1 for inclusion in Form N-Q;
· Prepare, circulate and maintain the Fund’s financial reporting production calendar;
· Prepare and file (or coordinate the filing of) a Fund’s Form N-SAR; and
· Prepare and file (or coordinate the filing of) a Fund’s Form 24f-2.

 

§ Typesetting Services 2
· Create financial compositions for the applicable financial report and related EDGAR files;
· Maintain country codes, industry class codes, security class codes and state codes;
· Map individual general ledger accounts into master accounts to be displayed in the applicable financial reports;
· Create components that will specify the proper grouping and sorting for display of portfolio information;
· Create components that will specify the proper calculation and display of financial data required for each applicable financial report (except for identified manual entries, which BNY Mellon will enter);
· Process, convert and load security and general ledger data;
· Include data in financial reports provided from external parties to BNY Mellon which, includes, but is not limited to: shareholder letters, “Management Discussion and Analysis” commentary, notes on performance, notes to financials, report of independent auditors, Fund management listing, service providers listing and Fund spectrums;
· Document publishing, including the output of print-ready PDF files and EDGAR html files (such EDGAR html files will be limited to one per the applicable financial report and unless mutually agreed to in writing between BNY Mellon and a Fund, BNY Mellon will use the same layout for production data for every successive reporting period);
· Generate financial reports using the Vendor’s capabilities which include the following:
o front/back cover;
o table of contents;
o shareholder letter;
o Management Discussion and Analysis commentary;
o sector weighting graphs/tables;
o disclosure of Fund expenses;
o schedules of investments;
o statement of net assets;
o statements of assets and liabilities;
o statements of operation;
o statements of changes;
 

1 Requires “Typesetting Services” as described herein.

- 2
 
o statements of cash flows;
o financial highlights;
o notes to financial statements;
o report of independent registered public accounting firm;
o tax information; and
o additional Fund information as mutually agreed in writing between BNY Mellon and a Fund.
· Unless mutually agreed in writing between BNY Mellon and a Fund, BNY Mellon will use the same layout and format for every successive reporting period for the typeset reports. At the request of a Fund and upon the mutual written agreement of BNY Mellon and the Fund as to the scope of any changes and additional compensation of BNY Mellon, BNY Mellon will, or will cause the Vendor to change format or layout of reports from time to time.

 

TAX SERVICES

 

BNY Mellon shall provide the following tax services for each Fund:

 

§ Tax Provision Preparation
· Prepare fiscal year-end tax provision analysis;
· Process tax adjustments on securities identified by a Fund that require such treatment;
· Prepare ROCSOP adjusting entries; and
· Prepare financial statement footnote disclosures.

 

§ Excise Tax Distributions Calculations
· Prepare calendar year tax distribution analysis;
· Process tax adjustments on securities identified by a Fund that require such treatment; and
· Prepare annual tax-based distribution estimate for each Fund.
§ BNY Mellon is not responsible for the identification of securities requiring U.S. tax treatment that differs from treatment under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles; this responsibility resides with the Fund or Fund’s management. BNY Mellon is responsible for processing such identified securities, in accordance with U.S. tax laws and regulations.

 

§ Other Tax Services
· Prepare for execution and filing, the federal and state income and excise tax returns;
· Prepare year-end Investment Company Institute broker/dealer reporting and prepare fund distribution calculations disseminated to broker/dealers; and
· Coordinate U.S.C. Title 26 Internal Revenue Code (“IRC”) §855 and excise tax distribution requirements.
- 3
 

 

§ Uncertain Tax Provisions
· Documentation of all material tax positions taken by a Fund with respect to specified fiscal years and identified to BNY Mellon (“Tax Positions”);
· Review of a Fund’s: (i) tax provision work papers, (ii) excise tax distribution work papers, (iii) income and excise tax returns, (iv) tax policies and procedures, and (v) Subchapter M compliance work papers;
· Determine as to whether or not Tax Positions have been consistently applied, and documentation of any inconsistencies;
· Review relevant statutory authorities;
· Review tax opinions and legal memoranda prepared by tax counsel or tax auditors to a Fund;
· Review standard mutual fund industry practices, to the extent such practices are known to, or may reasonably be determined by, BNY Mellon; and
· Delivery of a written report to the applicable Fund detailing such items.

 

§ The following are expressly excluded from the Uncertain Tax Positions services: (i)  assessment of risk of any challenge by the Internal Revenue Service or other taxing authority against any Tax Position (including, without limitation, whether it is “more likely than not” such Tax Position would be sustained); (ii) calculation of any tax benefit measurement, in whole or in part, that may be required if any “more likely than not” threshold has not been met; and (iii) any tax opinion or tax advice.  Additionally, none of the Uncertain Tax Positions services shall be deemed to be or constitute a tax opinion or tax advice.

 

(a)          The Fund shall provide such information and documentation as BNY Mellon may reasonably request in connection with the Uncertain Tax Positions services.  The Fund's independent public accountants shall cooperate with BNY Mellon and make such information available to BNY Mellon as BNY Mellon may reasonably request.

 

(b)          Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement and without limiting any rights, protections or limitations of liability otherwise provided to BNY Mellon pursuant to this Agreement, (i) BNY Mellon is authorized and permitted to release such information as is necessary or desirable to be released in connection with the provision of any of the Uncertain Tax Positions services, (ii) management of the Fund is responsible for complying with all uncertain tax positions reporting obligations relating to the Fund and BNY Mellon shall have no liability to the Fund or any other entity or governmental authority with respect to any tax positions taken by the Fund, (iii) BNY Mellon shall have no liability either for any error or omission of any other service provider (including any accounting firm or tax adviser) to the Fund or for any failure to discover any such error or omission, (iv) the Fund shall be responsible for all filings, tax returns and reports on all Tax Positions and for the payment of all taxes and similar items (including without limitation penalties and interest related thereto) and (v) in the event of any error or omission in the performance of a Uncertain Tax Positions service the Fund’s sole and exclusive remedy and BNY

- 4
 

Mellon’s sole liability shall be limited to re-performance of the applicable Uncertain Tax Positions service and the preparation and delivery to the Fund of a corrected report (if necessary), such re-performance, preparation and delivery to be provided at no additional service charge to the Fund.

§ IRS CIRCULAR 230 DISCLOSURE:

 

To ensure compliance with requirements imposed by the Internal Revenue Service, BNY Mellon informs a Fund that any U.S. tax advice contained in any communication from BNY Mellon to the Fund (including any future communications) is not intended or written to be used, and cannot be used, for the purpose of (i) avoiding penalties under the Internal Revenue Code or (ii) promoting, marketing or recommending to another party any transaction or matter addressed herein or therein.

 

FUND ADMINISTRATION SERVICES

 

BNY Mellon shall provide the following fund administration services for each Fund:

 

§ In accordance with Instructions received from a Fund, and subject to portfolio limitations as provided by such Fund to BNY Mellon in writing from time to time, monitor such Fund’s compliance, on a post-trade basis, with such portfolio limitations, provided that BNY Mellon maintains in the normal course of its business all data necessary to measure the Fund’s compliance;

 

§ Monitor the Fund’s status as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the IRC and Subchapter L of the IRC (if required).

 

§ Establish appropriate expense accruals and compute expense ratios, maintain expense files and coordinate the payment of Fund approved invoices;

 

§ Calculate Fund approved income and per share amounts required for periodic distributions to be made by the applicable Fund;

 

§ Calculate total return information;

 

§ Coordinate a Fund’s annual audit;

 

§ Supply various normal and customary portfolio and Fund statistical data as requested on an ongoing basis; and

 

§ If the chief executive officer or chief financial officer of a Fund is required to provide a certification as part of a Fund’s Form N-Q or Form N-CSR filing pursuant to regulations promulgated by the SEC under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, provide a sub-certification in support of certain matters set forth in the aforementioned certification. Such sub-certification is to be in such form and relating to such matters as agreed to by BNY Mellon in advance. BNY Mellon shall be required to provide the sub-certification only during the term of the Agreement and only if it receives such cooperation as it may request to perform its investigations with respect to the sub-certification. For clarity, the sub-certification is not itself a certification under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 or under any other law, rule or regulation.

 

 

- 5
 

REGULATORY ADMINISTRATION SERVICES

 

BNY Mellon shall provide the following regulatory administration services for each Fund:

 

· Prepare and coordinate the filing of annual post-effective amendments to a fund’s registration statement including a summary prospectus(es) (not including the initial registration statement or related to the addition of one or more classes of shares or series);

 

· Prepare and coordinate the filing of Forms N-CSR, N-Q, and N-PX, as applicable (with a fund supplying the voting records in the format required by BNYM) 1 ;

 

· Prepare and coordinate the filing of the fidelity bond for a fund in accordance with the requirements of Rule 17g-1 under the 1940 Act;

 

· Draft agendas (with the final selection of items to be made by a fund’s counsel), resolutions and materials for quarterly board meetings. For special board meetings 1 as may be requested by a fund and agreed to by BNYM;

 

· Coordinate the preparation, assembly and mailing of quarterly board meeting materials. Materials for special board meetings 1 as may be requested by a fund and agreed to by BNYM;

 

· Attend (in person or telephonic) quarterly board meetings and draft minutes thereof. Attend and prepare the same for such special board meetings 1 as may be requested by a fund and agreed to by BNYM;

 

· Maintain a compliance calendar that identifies the required SEC filing and board approval deadlines;
· Maintain copies of a Fund’s agreements and governing documents;

 

· Assist a fund in the handling of SEC examinations by providing requested documents in the possession of BNYM that are on the SEC examination request list;

 

· Provide such other regulatory and administrative services as the parties may agree from time to time in writing;

 

· Provide Regulatory Administration Newsletter on relevant regulatory and industry developments;

 

· Electronic Board Book Services 1 : Provide authorized persons or entities with electronic access, via an Internet-based secure website, to board meeting materials;

 

- 6
 
· Electronic Registration Statement Services 1 : Provide authorized persons or entities with electronic access, via an Internet-based secure website, to production of registration statement materials;

 

· 38a-1 Compliance Support Service 1 : Provide compliance policies and procedures related to services provided by BNYM to the extent such services are covered by Rule 38a-1 promulgated under the 1940 Act and, if mutually agreed, certain of the BNYM Affiliates; summary procedures thereof; and periodic certification letters;

 

· All regulatory services are subject to the review and approval of fund counsel.

 

 

1 Separate fees apply to the noted services.

 

- 7

Exhibit (h)(2)

TRANSFER AGENCY AND SERVICE AGREEMENT

 

THIS AGREEMENT is made as of the 23 rd day of August, 2017, by and between each Trust (hereinafter each a “Trust”, and collectively the “Trusts” as applicable) listed on Appendix A hereto (as such Appendix be amended from time to time) and THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON, a New York corporation authorized to do a banking business having its principal office and place of business at 225 Liberty Street, New York, New York 10286 (the “Bank”).

WHEREAS, the Trust will ordinarily issue for purchase and redeem shares of the Trust (the “Shares) only in aggregations of Shares known as “Creation Units” (currently 50,000 shares) (each a “Creation Unit”) principally in kind;

WHEREAS, The Depository Trust Company, a limited purpose trust company organized under the laws of the State of New York (“DTC”), or its nominee (Cede & Co.), will be the registered owner (the “Shareholder”) of all Shares; and

WHEREAS, the Trust desires to appoint the Bank as its transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent, and agent in connection with certain other activities, and the Bank desires to accept such appointment;

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants herein contained, the parties hereto agree as follows:

1.       Terms of Appointment; Duties of the Bank

1.1   Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, the Trust hereby employs and appoints the Bank to act as, and the Bank agrees to act as, its transfer agent for the authorized and issued Shares, and as the Trust’s dividend disbursing agent.

1.2   Pursuant to such appointment, the Bank agrees that it will perform the following services:

(a)     In accordance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement and Participant Agreements prepared by the Trust’s distributor (“Distributor”), a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit A, the Bank shall:

(i)                  Perform and facilitate the performance of purchases and redemption of Creation Units;

(ii)                Prepare and transmit by means of DTC’s book-entry system payments for dividends and distributions on or with respect to the Shares declared by the Trust on behalf of the applicable Trust;

(iii)              Maintain the record of the name and address of the Shareholder and the number of Shares issued by the Trust and held by the Shareholder;

(iv)              Record the issuance of Shares of the Trust and maintain a record of the total number of Shares of the Trust which are outstanding, and, based upon data provided to it by the Trust, the total number of authorized Shares. The Bank shall have no obligation, when recording the

 
 

issuance of Shares, to monitor the issuance of such Shares or to take cognizance of any laws relating to the issue or sale of such Shares, which functions shall be the sole responsibility of the Trust.

(v)                Prepare and transmit to the Trust and the Trust’s administrator and to any applicable securities exchange (as specified to the Bank by the Trust or its administrator) information with respect to purchases and redemptions of Shares;

(vi)              On days that the Trust may accept orders for purchases or redemptions, calculate and transmit to the Distributor and the Trust’s administrator the number of outstanding Shares;

(vii)            On days that the Trust may accept orders for purchases or redemptions (pursuant to the Participant Agreement), transmit to the Bank, the Trust and DTC the amount of Shares purchased on such day;

(viii)          Confirm to DTC the number of Shares issued to the Shareholder, as DTC may reasonably request;

(ix)              Prepare and deliver other reports, information and documents to DTC as DTC may reasonably request;

(x)                Extend the voting rights to the Shareholder for extension by DTC to DTC participants and the beneficial owners of Shares in accordance with policies and procedures of DTC for book-entry only securities;

(xi)              Distribute or maintain, as directed by the Trust, amounts related to purchases and redemptions of Creation Units, dividends and distributions, variation margin on derivative securities and collateral;

(xii)            Maintain those books and records of the Trust specified by the Trust in Schedule A attached hereto;

(xiii)          Prepare a monthly report of all purchases and redemptions of Shares during such month on a gross transaction basis, and identify on a daily basis the net number of Shares either redeemed or purchased on such Business Day and with respect to each Authorized Participant purchasing or redeeming Shares, the amount of Shares purchased or redeemed;

(xiv)          Receive from the Distributor (as defined in the Participant Agreement) or from its agent purchase orders from Authorized Participants (as defined in the Participant Agreement) for Creation Unit Aggregations of Shares received in good form and accepted by or on behalf of the Trust by the Distributor, transmit appropriate trade instructions to the National Securities Clearance Corporation, if applicable, and pursuant to such orders issue the appropriate number of Shares of the Trust and hold such Shares in the account of the Shareholder for each of the respective Trusts;

(xv)            Receive from the Authorized Participants redemption requests, deliver the appropriate documentation thereof to The Bank of New York as custodian for the Trust, generate and transmit or cause to be generated and transmitted confirmation of receipt of such redemption requests to the Authorized Participants submitting the same; transmit appropriate trade instructions to the National Securities Clearance Corporation, if applicable, and redeem the appropriate number of Creation Unit Aggregations of Shares held in the account of the Shareholder; and

2  
 

(xvi)          Confirm the name, U.S taxpayer identification number and principle place of business of each Authorized Participant.

(xvii)        The Bank may execute transactions directly with Authorized Participants to the extent necessary or appropriate to enable the Bank to carry out any of the duties set forth in items (i) through (xvi) above.

(xviii)      Except as otherwise instructed by the Trust, the Bank shall process all transactions in each Series in accordance with the policies and procedures mutually agreed upon between the Trust and the Bank with respect to the proper net asset value to be applied to purchases received in good order by the Bank or from an Authorized Participant before any cut-offs established by the Trust, and such other matters set forth in items (i) through (xvi) above as these policies and procedures are intended to address.

(b)    The Bank may maintain and manage, as agent for the Trust, such accounts as the Bank shall deem necessary for the performance of its duties under this Agreement, including, but not limited to, the processing of Creation Unit purchases and redemptions; and the payment of dividends and distributions. The Bank may maintain such accounts at financial institutions deemed appropriate by the Bank in accordance with applicable law.

(c)     In addition to the services set forth in the above sub-section 1.2(a), the Bank shall: perform the customary services of a transfer agent and dividend disbursing agent including, but not limited to, maintaining the account of the Shareholder, maintaining the items set forth on Schedule A attached hereto, and performing such services identified in each Participant Agreement.

(d)    The following shall be delivered to DTC participants as identified by DTC as the Shareholder for book-entry only securities:

(i)                  Annual and semi-annual reports of the Trust;

(ii)                Trust proxies, proxy statements and other proxy soliciting materials;

(iii)              Trust prospectus and amendments and supplements thereto, including stickers; and

(iv)              Other communications as the Trust may from time to time identify as required by law or as the Trust may reasonably request

(v)                The Bank shall provide additional services, if any, as may be agreed upon in writing by the Trust and the Bank.

(e)     The Bank shall keep records relating to the services to be performed hereunder, in the form and manner required by applicable laws, rules, and regulations under the 1940 Act and to the extent required by Section 31 of the 1940 Act and the rules thereunder (the “Rules”), all such books and records shall be the property of the Trust, will be preserved, maintained and made available in accordance with such Section and Rules, and will be surrendered promptly to the Trust on and in accordance with its request.

3  
 

2.       Fees and Expenses

2.1   The Bank shall receive from the Trust such compensation for the Transfer Agent’s services provided pursuant to this Agreement as may be agreed to from time to time in a written fee schedule approved by the parties. The fees are accrued daily and billed monthly and shall be due and payable upon receipt of the invoice. Upon the termination of this Agreement before the end of any month, the fee for the part of the month before such termination shall be prorated according to the proportion which such part bears to the full monthly period and shall be payable upon the date of termination of this Agreement.

2.2   In addition to the fee paid under Section 2.1 above, the Trust agrees to reimburse the Bank for reasonable out-of-pocket expenses, including but not limited to confirmation production, postage, forms, telephone, microfilm, microfiche, tabulating proxies, records storage, or advances incurred by the Bank for the items set out in the fee schedule or relating to dividend distributions and reports (whereas all expenses related to creations and redemptions of Trust securities shall be borne by the relevant Authorized Participant in such creations and redemptions). In addition, any other expenses incurred by the Bank at the request or with the consent of the Trust, will be reimbursed by the Trust.

2.3   The Trust agrees to pay all fees and reimbursable expenses within ten business days following the receipt of the respective billing notice accompanied by supporting documentation, as appropriate. Postage for mailing of dividends, proxies, Trust reports and other mailings to all shareholder accounts shall be advanced to the Bank by the Trust at least seven (7) days prior to the mailing date of such materials.

2.4   The Trust hereby represents and warrants to the Bank that (i) the terms of this Agreement, (ii) the fees and expenses associated with this Agreement, and (iii) any benefits accruing to the Bank or to the adviser to, or sponsor of, the Trust in connection with this Agreement, including, but not limited to, any fee waivers, reimbursements, or payments made, or to be made, by the Bank to such adviser or sponsor or to any affiliate of the Trust relating to this Agreement have been fully disclosed to the Board of Trustees of the Trust and that, if required by applicable law, such Board of Trustees has approved or will approve the terms of this Agreement, and any such fees, expenses, and benefits.

3.       Representations and Warranties of the Bank

The Bank represents and warrants to the Trust that:

It is a banking company duly organized and existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of New York.

It is duly qualified to carry on its business in the State of New York.

It is empowered under applicable laws and by its Charter and By-Laws to act as transfer agent and dividend disbursing agent and to enter into, and perform its obligations under, this Agreement.

All requisite corporate proceedings have been taken to authorize it to enter into and perform this Agreement.

It has and will continue to have access to the necessary facilities, equipment and personnel to perform its duties and obligations under this Agreement.

4  
 

4.       Representations and Warranties of the Trust

The Trust represents and warrants to the Bank that:

It is duly organized and existing and in good standing under the laws of Delaware.

It is empowered under applicable laws and by its Declaration of Trust and By-Laws to enter into and perform this Agreement.

It is an open-end management investment company registered under the 1940 Act.

A registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, on behalf of each of the Trusts has become effective, will remain effective, and appropriate state securities law filings have been made and will continue to be made, with respect to all Shares of the Trust being offered for sale.

5.       Indemnification

5.1   The Bank shall not be responsible for, and the Trust shall indemnify and hold the Bank and its directors, officers, employees and agents harmless from and against, any and all losses, damages, costs, charges, counsel fees, including, without limitation, those incurred by the Bank in a successful defense of any claims by the Trust, payments, expenses and liability (“Losses”) which may be sustained or incurred by or which may be asserted against the Bank in connection with or relating to this Agreement or the Bank’s actions or omissions with respect to this Agreement, or as a result of acting upon any instructions reasonably believed by the Bank to have been duly authorized by the Trust or upon reasonable reliance of information or records given or made by the Trust; except for any Losses for which the Bank has accepted liability pursuant to Article 6 of this Agreement.

5.2   This indemnification provision shall apply to actions taken or omissions pursuant to this Agreement or a Participant Agreement.

6.       Standard of Care and Limitation of Liability

The Bank shall have no responsibility and shall not be liable for any Losses, except that the Bank shall be liable to the Trust for direct money damages caused by its own gross negligence or willful misconduct or that of its employees, or its breach of any of its representations. The parties agree that any encoding or payment processing errors shall be governed by this standard of care, and not Section 4-209 of the Uniform Commercial Code which shall be superseded by this Article. In no event shall the Bank be liable for special, indirect or consequential damages, regardless of the form of action and even if the same were foreseeable. For purposes of this Agreement, none of the following shall be or be deemed a breach of the Bank’s standard or care:

(a)     The conclusive reliance on or use by the Bank or its agents or subcontractors of information, records, documents or services which (i) are received by the Bank or its agents or subcontractors, and (ii) have been prepared, maintained or performed by the Trust or any other person or firm on behalf of the Trust including but not limited to any previous transfer agent or registrar.

(b)    The conclusive reliance on, or the carrying out by the Bank or its agents or subcontractors of, any instructions or requests of the Trust or instructions or requests on behalf of the Trust.

5  
 

(c)     The offer or sale of Shares by or for the Trust in violation of any requirement under the federal securities laws or regulations, or the securities laws or regulations of any state that such Shares be registered in such state, or any violation of any stop order or other determination or ruling by any federal agency, or by any state with respect to the offer or sale of Shares in such state.

7.       Concerning the Bank

7.1    

(a)     The Bank may employ agents or attorneys-in-fact which are not affiliates of the Bank with the prior written consent of the Trust (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld), and shall not be liable for any loss or expense arising out of, or in connection with, the actions or omissions to act of such agents or attorneys-in-fact, provided that the Bank acts in good faith and with reasonable care in the selection and retention of such agents or attorneys-in-fact.

(b)    The Bank may, without the prior consent of the Trust, enter into subcontracts, agreements and understandings with any Bank affiliate, whenever and on such terms and conditions as it deems necessary or appropriate to perform its services hereunder. No such subcontract, agreement or understanding shall discharge Bank from its obligations hereunder.

7.2   The Bank shall be entitled to conclusively rely upon any written or oral instruction actually received by the Bank and reasonably believed by the Bank to be duly authorized and delivered. The Trust agrees to forward to the Bank written instructions confirming oral instructions by the close of business of the same day that such oral instructions are given to the Bank. The Trust agrees that the fact that such confirming written instructions are not received or that contrary written instructions are received by the Bank shall in no way affect the validity or enforceability of transactions authorized by such oral instructions and effected by the Bank. If the Trust elects to transmit written instructions through an on-line communication system offered by the Bank, Trust’s use thereof shall be subject to the terms and conditions attached hereto as [Exhibit B][If not attached to other service contracts.].

7.3   The Bank shall establish and maintain a disaster recovery plan and back-up system satisfying the requirements of its regulators (the “Disaster Recovery Plan and Back-Up System”). The Bank shall not be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations under this Agreement arising out of or caused, directly or indirectly, by circumstances beyond its control which are not a result of its gross negligence, including without limitation, acts of God; earthquakes; fires; floods; wars; civil or military disturbances; sabotage; epidemics; riots; interruption, loss or malfunctions of transportation, computer (hardware or software) or communication services; labor disputes; acts of civil or military authority; governmental actions; or inability to obtain labor, material, equipment or transportation, provided that the Bank has established and is maintaining the Disaster Recovery Plan and Back-Up System, or if not, that such delay or failure would have occurred even if the Bank had established and was maintaining the Disaster Recovery Plan and Back-Up System. Upon the occurrence of any such delay or failure the Bank shall use commercially reasonable best efforts to resume performance as soon as practicable under the circumstances.

7.4   The Bank shall have no duties or responsibilities whatsoever except such duties and responsibilities as are specifically set forth in this Agreement and the Participation Agreement, and no covenant or obligation shall be implied against the Bank in connection with this Agreement, except as set forth in this Agreement and the Participation Agreement.

7.5   At any time the Bank may apply to an officer of the Trust, but is not obligated to do so, for written instructions with respect to any matter arising in connection with the Bank’s duties and

6  
 

obligations under this Agreement, and the Bank, its agents, and subcontractors shall not be liable for any action taken or omitted to be taken in good faith in accordance with such instructions. Such application by the Bank for instructions from an officer of the Trust may, at the option of the Bank, set forth in writing any action proposed to be taken or omitted to be taken by the Bank with respect to its duties or obligations under this Agreement and the date on and/or after which such action shall be taken, and the Bank shall not be liable for any action taken or omitted to be taken in accordance with a proposal included in any such application on or after the date specified therein unless, prior to taking or omitting to take any such action, the Bank has received written or oral instructions in response to such application specifying the action to be taken or omitted. In connection with the foregoing, the Bank may consult with legal counsel of its own choosing, but is not obligated to do so, and advise the Trust if any instructions provided by the Trust at the request of the Bank pursuant to this Article or otherwise would, to the Bank’s knowledge, cause the Bank to take any action or omit to take any action contrary to any law, rule, regulation or commercially reasonable practice for similarly situated service providers. In the event a situation or circumstance arises whereby the Bank adopts a course of conduct in reliance upon written legal advice it has received (which need not be a formal opinion of counsel) and the course of conduct is not identical to the course of conduct contained in the instructions received from the Trust, the Bank may reply upon and follow the written legal advice without liability hereunder provided it otherwise acts in compliance with this Agreement and notifies the Trust of its determination.

7.6   The Bank, its agents and subcontractors may act upon any paper or document, reasonably believed to be genuine and to have been signed by the proper person or persons, or upon any instruction, information, data, records or documents provided to the Bank or its agents or subcontractors by or on behalf of the Trust by machine readable input, telex, CRT data entry or other similar means authorized by the Trust, and shall not be held to have notice of any change of authority of any person, until receipt of written notice thereof from the Trust.

7.7   The Bank shall retain title to and ownership of any and all data bases, computer programs, screen formats, report formats, interactive design techniques, derivative works, inventions, discoveries, patentable or copyrightable matters, concepts, expertise, patents, copyrights, trade secrets, and other related legal rights utilized by the Bank in connection with the services provided by the Bank hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the parties hereto acknowledge that the Trust shall retain all ownership rights in Trust data residing on the Bank’s electronic system.

7.8   Notwithstanding any provisions of this Agreement to the contrary, the Bank shall be under no duty or obligation to inquire into, and shall not be liable for:

(a)     The legality of the issue, sale or transfer of any Shares, the sufficiency of the amount to be received in connection therewith, or the authority of the Trust to request such issuance, sale or transfer;

(b)    The legality of the purchase of any Shares, the sufficiency of the amount to be paid in connection therewith, or the authority of the Trust to request such purchase;

(c)     The legality of the declaration of any dividend by the Trust, or the legality of the issue of any Shares in payment of any stock dividend; or

(d)    The legality of any recapitalization or readjustment of the Shares.

7  
 

8.       Providing of Documents by the Trust and Transfers of Shares

8.1   The Trust shall promptly furnish to the Bank with a copy of its Declaration of Trust and all amendments thereto.

8.2   In the event that DTC ceases to be the Shareholder, the Bank shall re-register the Shares in the name of the successor to DTC as Shareholder upon receipt by the Bank of such documentation and assurances as it may reasonably require.

8.3   The Bank shall have no responsibility whatsoever with respect to of any beneficial interest in any of the Shares owned by the Shareholder.

8.4   The Trust shall deliver to the Bank the following documents on or before the effective date of any increase, decrease or other change in the total number of Shares authorized to be issued:

(a)     A certified copy of the amendment to the Trust’s Declaration of Trust with respect to such increase, decrease or change; and

(b)    An opinion of counsel for the Trust, in a form satisfactory to the Bank, with respect to (i) the validity of the Shares, the obtaining of all necessary governmental consents, whether such Shares are fully paid and non-assessable and the status of such Shares under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and any other applicable federal law or regulations ( i.e. , if subject to registration, that they have been registered and that the Registration Statement has become effective or, if exempt, the specific grounds therefore), (ii) the status of the Trust with regard to the 1940 Act, and (iii) the due and proper listing of the Shares on all applicable securities exchanges.

8.5   Prior to the issuance of any additional Shares pursuant to stock dividends, stock splits or otherwise, and prior to any reduction in the number of Shares outstanding, the Trust shall deliver to the Bank:

(a)     A certified copy of the order or consent of each governmental or regulatory authority required by law as a prerequisite to the issuance or reduction of such Shares, as the case may be, and an opinion of counsel for the Trust that no other order or consent is required; and

(b)    An opinion of counsel for the Trust, in a form satisfactory to the Bank, with respect to (i) the validity of the Shares, the obtaining of all necessary governmental consents, whether such Shares are fully paid and non-assessable and the status of such Shares under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and any other applicable federal law or regulations ( i.e. , if subject to registration, that they have been registered and that the Registration Statement has become effective or, if exempt, the specific grounds therefore), (ii) the status of the Trust with regard to the 1940 Act, and (iii) the due and proper listing of the Shares on all applicable securities exchanges.

8.6   The Bank and the Trust agree that all books, records, confidential, non-public, or proprietary information and data pertaining to the business of the other party which are exchanged or received pursuant to the negotiation or the carrying out of this Agreement shall remain confidential, and shall not be voluntarily disclosed to any person other than its auditors, accountants, regulators, employees, agents, attorneys-in-fact or counsel, except as may be, or may become required by law, by administrative or judicial order or by rule. The foregoing confidentiality obligation shall not apply to any information to the extent: (i) it is already known to the receiving party at the time it is obtained; (ii) it is or becomes publicly known or available through no wrongful act of the receiving party: (iii) it is rightfully received from a third party who, to the receiving party’s knowledge, is not under a duty of confidentiality; (iv) it is

8  
 

released by the protected party to a third party without restriction; or (v) it has been or is independently developed or obtained by the receiving party without reference to the information provided by the protected party.

8.7   In case of any requests or demands for the inspection of the Shareholder records of the Trust, the Bank will promptly employ reasonable commercial efforts to notify the Trust and secure instructions from an authorized officer of the Trust as to such inspection. The Bank reserves the right, however, to exhibit the Shareholder records to any person whenever it is advised by its counsel that it may be held liable for the failure to exhibit the Shareholder records to such person.

9.       Termination of Agreement

9.1   The term of this Agreement shall be five years commencing upon the date hereof (the "Initial Term") and shall automatically renew for additional one-year terms (each a “Subsequent Term”) unless either party provides written notice of termination at least one hundred and eighty (180) days prior to the end of the Initial Term or any Subsequent Term or, unless earlier terminated as provided below:

(a)     Either party hereto may terminate this Agreement prior to the expiration of the Initial Term in the event the other party breaches any material provision of this Agreement, including, without limitation in the case of the Trust, its obligations under Section 2.1, provided that the non-breaching party gives written notice of such breach to the breaching party and the breaching party does not cure such violation within 90 days of receipt of such notice.

(b)    Either party hereto may terminate this Agreement immediately by sending notice thereof to the other party upon the happening of any of the following: (i) a party commences as debtor any case or proceeding under any bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law, or there is commenced against such party any such case or proceeding; (ii) a party commences as debtor any case or proceeding seeking the appointment of a receiver, conservator, trustee, custodian or similar official for such party or any substantial part of its property or there is commenced against the party any such case or proceeding; (iii) a party makes a general assignment for the benefit of creditors; or (iv) a party states in any medium, written, electronic or otherwise, any public communication or in any other public manner its inability to pay debts as they come due. Either party hereto may exercise its termination right under this Section 9.1(b) at any time after the occurrence of any of the foregoing events notwithstanding that such event may cease to be continuing prior to such exercise, and any delay in exercising this right shall not be construed as a waiver or other extinguishment of that right.

9.2   Should the Trust exercise its right to terminate, all out-of-pocket expenses associated with the movement of records and material will be borne by the Trust.

9.3   The terms of Article 2 (with respect to fees and expenses incurred prior to termination), Article 5 and Article 6 shall survive any termination of this Agreement.

10.   Additional Series

In the event that the Trust establishes one or more additional series of Shares with respect to which it desires to have the Bank render services as transfer agent under the terms hereof, it shall so notify the Bank in writing, and if the Bank agrees in writing to provide such services, such additional issuance shall become Shares hereunder.

9  
 

11.   Assignment

11.1           Neither this Agreement nor any rights or obligations hereunder may be assigned by either party without the written consent of the other party; provided, however, either party may assign this Agreement to a party controlling, controlled by or under common control with it.

11.2           This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the parties and their respective permitted successors and assigns.

12.   Severability and Beneficiaries

12.1           In case any provision in or obligation under this Agreement shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction, the validity, the legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected thereby provided obligation of the Trust to pay is conditioned upon provision of services.

12.2 This Agreement is solely for the benefit of the Bank and the Trust, and none of any Participant (as defined in the Participation Agreement), the Distributor, any Shareholder or beneficial owner of any Shares shall be or be deemed a third party beneficiary of this Agreement.

13.   Amendment

This Agreement may be amended or modified by a written agreement executed by both parties.

14.   New York Law to Apply

This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with the substantive laws of the State of New York, without regard to conflicts of laws principles thereof. The Trust and the Bank hereby consent to the jurisdiction of a state or federal court situated in New York City, New York in connection with any dispute arising hereunder. The Trust hereby irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any objection which it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any such proceeding brought in such a court and any claim that such proceeding brought in such a court has been brought in an inconvenient forum. The Trust and the Bank each hereby irrevocably waives any and all rights to trial by jury in any legal proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement.

15.   Merger of Agreement

This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties hereto and supersedes any prior agreement with respect to the subject matter hereof whether oral or written.

16.   Notices

All notices and other communications as required or permitted hereunder shall be in writing and sent by first class mail, postage prepaid, addressed as follows or to such other address or addresses of which the respective party shall have notified the other.

If to the Bank:

The Bank of New York Mellon

2 Hanson Place

10  
 

Brooklyn, NY 11217

Attention: ETF Operations

with a copy to:

The Bank of New York Mellon

225 Liberty Street

New York, New York 10286

Attention: Legal Dept. – Asset Servicing

 

If to the Trust:

Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust

200 Vesey Street, 24 th Floor

New York, NY 10281

Attention: Secretary

 

17.   Information Sharing

The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation is a global financial organization that provides services to clients through its affiliates and subsidiaries in multiple jurisdictions (the “BNY Mellon Group”). The BNY Mellon Group may centralize functions including audit, accounting, risk, legal, compliance, sales, administration, product communication, relationship management, storage, compilation and analysis of customer-related data, and other functions (the “Centralized Functions”) in one or more affiliates, subsidiaries and third-party service providers. Solely in connection with the Centralized Functions, (i) the Trust consents to the disclosure of and authorizes the Bank to disclose information regarding the Trust (“Customer-Related Data”) to the BNY Mellon Group and to its third-party service providers who are subject to confidentiality obligations with respect to such information and (ii) the Bank may store the names and business contact information of the Trust’s employees and representatives on the systems or in the records of the BNY Mellon Group or its service providers. The BNY Mellon Group may aggregate Customer-Related Data with other data collected and/or calculated by the BNY Mellon Group, and notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary the BNY Mellon Group will own all such aggregated data, provided that the BNY Mellon Group shall not distribute the aggregated data in a format that identifies Customer-Related Data with a particular customer. The Trust confirms that it is authorized to consent to the foregoing.

18.   Counterparts

This Agreement may be executed by the parties hereto in any number of counterparts, and all of said counterparts taken together shall be deemed to constitute one and the same instrument.

11  
 

 

[Signature page follows.]

12  
 

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed in their names and on their behalf by and through their duly authorized officers, as of the latest date set forth below.

 

 

  EACH SERIES OF THE TRUST LISTED ON APPENDIX A
     
     
     
     
  By: /s/ Matthew Clements
    Name: Matthew Clements
    Title: Sole Trustee
    Date: August 23, 2017
     
  THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON
     
  By: /s/ Beth Stubenrauch
    Name: Beth Stubenrauch
    Title: R.E.
    Date: August 23, 2017
13  
 

APPENDIX A

Series

Republican Policies Fund

Democratic Policies Fund

U.S. Tax Reform Fund

European Union Breakup Fund

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

14  
 

SCHEDULE A

Books And Records To Be Maintained By The Bank

 

Source Documents requesting Creations and Redemptions

Correspondence/AP Inquiries

Reconciliations, bank statements, copies of canceled checks, cash proofs

Daily/Monthly reconciliation of outstanding Shares between the Trust and DTC

Dividend Records

Year-end Statements and Tax Forms

 

 

 

 

15  
 

EXHIBIT A

Form of Authorized Participant Agreement

 

 

 

 

 

16  
 

EXHIBIT B

Terms and Conditions For On-line Communications System

 

 

 

 

 

17  

 

 

Exhibit (h)(3)

SECURITIES LENDING AUTHORIZATION AGREEMENT

 

 

 

AGREEMENT, dated as of September 29, 2017 between Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust (the “Client”), with respect to each of the funds identified on Attachment 1 hereto, as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time (each a “Lender” and collectively the “Lenders”) , and The Bank of New York Mellon (“Bank”).

 

PRELIMINARY STATEMENT

 

Having determined that securities loan transactions are suitable and that each Lender has the financial resources for such transactions, Client desires to authorize Bank, on an exclusive basis, to establish, manage and administer a securities lending program, subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, with respect to the lendable securities of Lenders held by Bank (the “Program”);

 

Accordingly, in consideration of the mutual promises and covenants contained in this Agreement, and intending to be legally bound, Bank and Client, on behalf of each Lender, agree as follows:

 

 

ARTICLE I

DEFINITIONS

 

Whenever used in this Agreement, the following words shall have the meanings set forth below:

 

1. “Act of Insolvency” shall mean (i) the filing by a Borrower of a petition in bankruptcy or a petition seeking reorganization, liquidation or similar relief, or the filing of any such petition against a Borrower which is not dismissed or stayed within 60 calendar days, (ii) the adjudication of a Borrower as bankrupt or insolvent, (iii) the seeking or consenting to the appointment of a trustee, receiver or liquidator by a Borrower, or (iv) the making of a general assignment for the benefit of creditors by a Borrower or a Borrower’s admission in writing of its inability to pay its debts as they become due.

 

2. “Account” shall mean, with respect to each Lender, the custodial account(s) established and maintained by Bank on behalf of each such Lender for the safekeeping of Securities and monies received by Bank from time to time.

 

3. “Approved Investment” shall mean those types of securities, instrument, or interest in property in which Cash Collateral may be invested or reinvested on behalf of Lenders, as set forth on Schedule I hereto (which may be amended from time to time by execution of a revised Schedule I).

 

4. “Authorized Person” shall mean any person duly authorized by Client to give Oral and/or Written Instructions on behalf of Lenders, such persons to be designated in a Certificate of Authorized Persons which contains a specimen signature of such person.

 

5. “Bank Affiliate” shall mean any affiliate of Bank, as such term is defined in Regulation W issued by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

 

6. “Book-Entry System” shall mean the Treasury/Reserve Automated Debt Entry System maintained at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.

 

 
 

7. “Borrower” shall mean those entities selected by Bank from time to time to participate as borrowers under the Program. Schedule II attached hereto lists the Borrowers in the Program as of the date hereof. Bank shall provide Client with a list of the Borrowers in the Program from time to time but in no event less than five days prior to making any loan of anyLender’s securities to any borrower not previously disclosed. Client may, with Written Instructions to Bank, prohibit one or more Borrowers from borrowing Securities from the one or more of the Lenders.

 

8. “Business Day” shall mean any day on which all of the following are open for business: (a) Bank; (b) the Depositories, as applicable for particular Loans; and (c) the principal exchanges or markets for the relevant Securities and/or Collateral.

 

9. “Cash Collateral” shall mean U.S. dollars and such other currencies as may be agreed in writing between Bank and the Lender from time to time..

 

10. “Certificate of Authorized Persons” shall mean the written certificate designating Authorized Persons which Client shall deliver to Bank from time to time.

 

11. “Collateral” shall mean Cash Collateral and Non-Cash Collateral.

 

12. “Collateral Account” shall mean, with respect to each Lender, one or more accounts established and maintained by Bank for such Lender for the purpose of holding Collateral, Approved Investments, Proceeds and any Securities Loan Fee paid by Borrowers in connection with Loans of such Lender hereunder.

 

13. “Collateral Requirement” shall mean on any Business Day (i) with respect to the loan ofU.S. Securities, an amount equal to 102% of the then-current Market Value of such Loaned Securities; (ii) with respect to Foreign Securities an amount equal to 105% of the then current Market Value of such Loaned Securities, except in the case of loans of Foreign Securities which are denominated and payable in US Dollars, in which event the “Collateral Requirement” shall be an amount equal to 102% of the then-current Market Value of such Loaned Securities and (iii) such other percentage(s) as may be otherwise mutually agreed from time to time in writing.

 

14. “Depository” shall mean The Federal Reserve Bank of New York /Treasury book-entry system, Depository Trust Company, Euroclear, CREST and any other domestic or foreign securities depository or clearing agency used for the settlement and/or custody of U.S. Securities and/or Foreign Securities, as the case may be, and their respective nominees.

 

15. “Distributions” shall mean (i) amounts equivalent to all interest, , dividends and other cash payments payable in respect of Loaned Securities; and (ii) all non-cash distributions payable by Borrowers in respect of Loaned Securities.

 

16. “Foreign Security” shall mean any Security which is cleared and principally settled outside the United States.

 

17. “Loan” shall mean a loan of Securities on behalf of a Lender hereunder.

 

18. “Loaned Security” shall mean any Security of a lender which is subject to a Loan.

 

19. “Market Value” shall mean (a) with respect to Cash Collateral, its amount as of the time of receipt thereof by Bank, unadjusted for any subsequent increases or decreases in value as a result of any investment thereof by Bank pursuant to this Agreement, and (b) with respect to Securities and/or Non-Cash

2  
 

Collateral, the price of such Securities and/or Non-Cash Collateral as quoted by a recognized pricing information service at the time the determination of Market Value is made, plus accrued but unpaid interest, if any, on the particular Security and/or Non-Cash Collateral,.

 

20. “ Non-Cash Collateral ” shall mean securities issued or guaranteed by the United States Government or its agencies or instrumentalities and such other forms as may be agreed upon by Bank and Client from time to in writing

 

21. “Oral Instructions” shall mean verbal instructions actually received by Bank.

 

22. “Proceeds” shall mean any interest, dividends and other payments and distributions received by Bank in respect of Collateral and Approved Investments.

 

23. “Rebate” shall mean the amount payable by a Lender to a Borrower in connection with Loans at any time collateralized by Cash Collateral.

 

 

24. “Securities Borrowing Agreement” shall mean the agreement pursuant to which Bank lends securities to a Borrower as agent for its customers (including Lenders) from time to time.

 

25. “Securities Loan Fee” shall mean the amount payable by a Borrower to Bank pursuant to the Securities Borrowing Agreement in connection with Loans collateralized by Collateral other than Cash Collateral.

 

26. “Security” means any U.S. Security and/or Foreign Security and shall include U.S. Treasury securities maintained in the Book-Entry System, any other securities issued or fully guaranteed by the United States government or any agency, instrumentality, or establishment of the United States government, securities of federally-sponsored agencies, common stock and other equity securities, bonds, debentures, corporate debt securities, notes, mortgages or other obligations, and any certificates, warrants or other instruments representing rights to receive, purchase, or subscribe for the same, or evidencing or representing any other rights or interests therein.

 

28. “Subcustodian” shall mean a bank or financial institution (other than a Depository) which is utilized by Bank in connection with the receipt, delivery and custody of non-U.S. assets.

 

27. “ U.S Security ” shall mean securities which are cleared and principally settled in the United States.

 

28. “Written Instructions” shall mean written communications actually received by Bank by S.W.I.F.T., letter, facsimile or other method or system specified by Bank as available for use in connection with the services hereunder.

 

ARTICLE II

APPOINTMENT OF BANK; SCOPE OF AGENCY AUTHORITY

 

1. Appointment; Separate Agreements . Client hereby appoints Bank as its agent for each Lender to lend Securities in the Account of such Lender to Borrowers from time to time (except Securities which Client has advised Bank in Written Instructions are no longer subject to the representations set forth in Article III, sub-paragraph (d) hereof) in accordance with the provision hereof, and Bank hereby accepts appointment as such agent, agrees to so act. The Bank shall have authority to do or cause to be

3  
 

done all acts by and on behalf of each Lender as it shall determine to be desirable, necessary or appropriate to implement and administer the Loan of securities on behalf of Lenders as contemplated by this Agreement.

 

This Agreement shall be deemed to create a separate agreement between Bank and each Lender to the same extent as though each such Lender had separately executed an identical agreement. Any reference to Lender in this Agreement shall be deemed to refer solely and exclusively to a particular Lender to which a given lending transaction under this Agreement relates. The rights and obligations of each Lender pursuant hereto or in connection with any transaction hereunder, are independent of, and separate and distinct from, the rights and obligations of each and every other Lender pursuant hereto or in connection with any transaction hereunder. Under no circumstances shall the rights, obligations or remedies with respect to a particular Lender constitute a right, obligation or remedy applicable to any other Lender. In particular, and without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the parties hereto agree that: (a) any event of default regarding one Lender shall not create any right or obligation with respect to any other Lender; (b) neither Bank nor any Borrower shall have any right to set off any claims of or against a Lender by applying property or rights of any other Lender, or series thereof, and (c) no Lender, or series thereof, shall have claims to, or the right to set off against, assets or property held by a Borrower on account of any other Lender or series thereof.

 

Until such time as a Loan is terminated and the Loaned Securities are returned to Lender, a Borrower shall have all incidents of ownership of the Loaned Securities, including but not limited to, the right to transfer the Loaned Securities to others; provided however, that Borrower will be obligated to Lender with respect to all Distributions. Each Lender hereby waives any and all voting rights with respect to Loaned Securities and the right to participate in any dividend reinvestment program during the term of any Loan.

 

2. Securities Borrowing Agreement . Client hereby authorizes Bank on behalf of the Lenders to lend Securities in the Account to Borrowers pursuant to Bank’s standard form(s) of Securities Borrowing Agreement as in effect from time to time, copies of which shall be made available to Client upon request.

 

3. Loan Opportunities . Bank shall treat each Lender equitably with other lenders of like circumstances in making lending opportunities available to it hereunder, taking into account the demand for specific Securities, availability of Securities, types of collateral, eligibility of borrowers, limitations on investments of cash collateral and such other factors as Bank deems appropriate. Bank shall nevertheless have the right to decline to make any Loans pursuant to any Securities Borrowing Agreement and to discontinue lending under any Securities Borrowing Agreement in its sole discretion and without notice to Client.

 

4. Use of Book-Entry System and Depositories . Client hereby authorizes Bank on a continuous and on-going basis, to deposit, either directly or through a Subcustodian, in the Book Entry System and the applicable Depositories all Securities eligible for deposit therein and to utilize the Book Entry System and Depositories to the extent possible in connection with its receipt and delivery of Securities, Collateral, Approved Investments and monies in connection with this Agreement. Where Securities, Collateral and Approved Investments eligible for deposit in the Book Entry System or a Depository are transferred to a Lender hereunder, Bank shall identify as belonging to such Lender a quantity of Securities in a fungible bulk of Securities shown as credited to Bank’s or the applicable Subcustodian’s account on the books of the Book Entry System or the applicable Depository. Securities, Collateral and Approved Investments deposited in the Book Entry System or a Depository, either directly or through a Subcustodian will be represented in accounts which include only assets held by Bank or the applicable Subcustodian for customers, including but not limited to accounts in which Bank acts in a fiduciary or agency capacity.

 

4  
 

ARTICLE III

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

 

Client hereby represents, warrants and covenants to Bank, which representations and warranties and covenants shall be deemed to be continuing and to be reaffirmed on any day that a Loan is outstanding, that:

 

(a) This Agreement is, and each Loan will be, legally and validly entered into, does not, and will not, violate any statute, regulation, rule, order or judgment binding on Lender, or any provision of any Lender’s constituent or governing document, or any agreement binding on any Lender or affecting its property, and is enforceable against each Lender in accordance with its terms, except as enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency or similar laws, or by equitable principles relating to or limiting creditors’ rights generally;

 

(b) The person executing this Agreement and all Authorized Persons acting on behalf of Client has and have been duly and properly authorized to do so and the Client has been duly and properly authorized to act on behalf of or with respect to the Lenders;

 

(c) Each Lender is lending Securities as principal for its own account and will not transfer, assign or encumber its interest in, or rights with respect to, any Loans;

 

(d) All Securities in the Account are free and clear of all liens, claims, security interests and encumbrances and no such Security has been sold. Client shall promptly deliver to Bank Written Instructions identifying any and all Securities which are no longer subject to the representations contained in this sub-paragraph;

 

(e) on the commencement date for any Loan, Lender represents and warrants that: (i) Lender is familiar with the provisions of Rule 144 under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”); (ii) Lender is not, and within the preceding three months has not been, an “affiliate” of the issuer of any Securities as that term is used in Rule 144; and (iii) any Securities transferred to Bank by Lender are not “restricted securities” within the meaning of Rule 144 or otherwise subject to any legal, regulatory or contractual restrictions on transfer; and (iv) Lender is not an “insider” of issuer. For purposes of this agreement “insider” shall mean directors, officers and principal stockholders as set forth in Section 16(a)(1) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

 

(f) If at any time Lender becomes aware of, or believes that, there are Securities in the Program which Bank should not lend on such Lender’s behalf, Lender agrees to promptly notify Bank and identify such Securities.

 

 

ARTICLE IV

SECURITIES LENDING TRANSACTIONS

 

1. General Bank Responsibilities .

 

(a) Bank shall enter Loans pursuant to the Securities Borrowing Agreement and is hereby authorized to negotiate with each Borrower the amount of Rebates or Securities Loan Fee payable in connection with particular Loans, and to take all actions deemed necessary or appropriate in order to perform on Lender’s behalf thereunder, including without limitation:

 

5  
 

(i) initially receiving Collateral having a Market Value of not less than the Collateral Requirement;

 

(ii) collecting Distributions from Borrower and, unless otherwise agreed, crediting cash Distributions to the Account in accordance with Bank’s crediting schedulein the currency in which such Distributions are paid;

 

(iii) collecting applicable Securities Loan Fees and crediting the same to the Collateral Account;

 

(iv) if, as of the close of trading on any Business Day the Market Value of Collateral received by Bank from a Borrower in respect of a Loan hereunder is less than the then current Market Value of all of the Loaned Securities, demanding additional Collateral from such Borrower for delivery on the next following Business Day in an amount such that the additional Collateral together with the Collateral then held by Bank in connection with Loans to such Borrower shall have a Market Value at the time of such demand of not less than the Collateral Requirement; and

 

(v) terminating Loans whenever Bank in its sole discretion elects to do so or is directed to do so by Client.

 

Upon termination of any Loan (which shall be effected according to the standard settlement time for trades in the particular Loaned Security), , including a termination by the Borrower and receipt from the Borrower of the Loaned Securities (or the equivalent thereof in the event of a reorganization, recapitalization or merger of the issuer of the loaned Securities, and any Distributions then due and subject to satisfaction of Lender’s obligations under paragraph 2(b) of Article IV, Bank shall return to the Borrower such amount of Collateral as is required by the Securities Borrowing Agreement and pay the Borrower any Rebates then payable.

 

(b) Where Bank is authorized or directed by Client to convert currency received hereunder into another currency, Bank shall effect such transactions through customary banking channels whenever it is practicable to do so. All expenses and risks incident to such conversions shall be borne by Lender, and Bank shall have no responsibility for the fluctuation in exchange rates affecting such conversions.

 

 

2. Approved Investments; Principal Losses .

 

(a) Bank is hereby authorized and directed, without obtaining any further approval from Client, to invest and reinvest all or substantially all of the Cash Collateral received in any Approved Investment. Bank shall credit all Collateral, Approved Investments and Proceeds received with respect to Collateral and Approved Investments to the Collateral Account and mark its books and records to identify Lender’s interest therein as appropriate, it being understood that all monies credited to the Collateral Account may for purposes of investment be commingled with cash collateral held for other lenders of securities for whom Bank acts as their respective agent. Bank reserves the right, in its sole discretion, to liquidate any Approved Investment and credit the net proceeds to the Collateral Account.

 

(b) Any (i) losses of principal or other diminution of value from investing and reinvesting Cash Collateral; or (ii) any market decline or other diminution of value of any Non-Cash Collateral; (in any case, whether realized or unrealized, collectively, “Principal Losses”) shall be at Lender’s risk and for Lender’s account. To the extent any Principal Loss results in the amount of Cash Collateral or other Collateral held by Bank for the Collateral Account of any Lender being less than the value of Cash Collateral or other Collateral as and when delivered by a Borrower (as determined by Bank at any time and from time to

6  
 

time and after giving effect to the mark to market provisions of the Securities Borrowing Agreement), Client agrees to pay or cause such Lender to pay to Bank on demand cash in an amount equal to such deficiency provided, however, that if such amounts are not so paid, Bank is hereby authorized to obtain and setoff such amounts directly from and against the Account or the Collateral Account of such Lender.

 

(c) Except as otherwise provided herein, all Collateral, Approved Investments and Proceeds credited to the Collateral Account shall be controlled by, and subject only to the instructions of, Bank, and Bank shall not be required to comply with any instructions of Client or Lender with respect to the same.

 

3. Termination of Loans .

 

(a) Bank shall terminate any Loan no later than five Business Days after:

 

(i) receipt by Bank of a notice of termination from a Borrower;

 

(ii) receipt by Bank of Written Instructions to do so;

 

(iii) receipt by Bank of Written Instructions advising it that the Borrower to whom such Loan was made is no longer a permitted Borrower of Lender’s Securities ;

 

(iv) receipt by Bank of Written Instructions advising that the Loaned Security is no longer subject to the representations, warranties and covenants contained in Article III hereof;

 

(v) receipt by Bank of notice or Written Instructions advising that an Event of Default (as defined in the Securities Borrowing Agreement) has occurred and is continuing beyond any applicable grace period;

 

(vi) whenever Bank, in its sole discretion, elects to terminate such Loan; or

 

(vii) termination of this Agreement.

 

Upon termination of any Loan (which shall be effected according to the standard settlement time for trades in the particular Loaned Security), including termination by the Borrower and receipt from the Borrower of the Loaned Securities (or the equivalent thereof in the event of reorganization, recapitalization or merger of the issuer of the Loaned Securities) and any Distributions then due and subject to satisfaction of Lender’s obligations under paragraph 2(b) of Article IV, Bank shall return to the Borrower such amount of Collateral as is required by the Securities Borrowing Agreement and pay the Borrower any Rebates then payable.

 

(b) In order for Bank to timely settle the sale of Loaned Securities, it shall be Client’s responsibility to ensure timely notification to Bank regarding any such sale.

 

4. Securities Loan Fee . Bank shall receive any applicable Securities Loan Fee paid by Borrowers and credit all such amounts received to the Collateral Account.

 

5. Remedy for Borrower Insolvency Subrogation .

 

(a) If as a result of an Act of Insolvency a Borrower fails to return any Loaned Securities, Bank shall promptly (but in any case following the termination of any applicable stay or other

7  
 

legal or regulatory prohibition or imposition affecting such actions or liquidation) take all actions which it deems necessary or appropriate to liquidate Approved Investments and Collateral held in connection with Loans to such Borrower and, unless advised by Lender to the contrary, shall make a reasonable effort for two Business Days following such liquidation (the “Replacement Period”) to apply the proceeds thereof to the purchase of Securities identical to the Loaned Securities (or the equivalent thereof in the event of a reorganization, recapitalization or merger of the issuer) not returned. If during the Replacement Period the Collateral liquidation proceeds are insufficient to replace any of the Loaned Securities not returned, Bank shall, subject to satisfaction of Lender’s obligations under paragraph 2(b) of this Article, pay such additional amounts as are necessary to make such replacement. Purchases of replacement Securities shall be made only in such markets, in such manner and upon such terms as Bank shall consider appropriate in its sole discretion. Replacement Securities shall be credited to the Account upon receipt by Bank. If Bank is unsuccessful in purchasing any replacement Securities during the Replacement Period, the proceeds of the liquidation of Approved Investments and Collateral pursuant hereto shall be credited to the Account, and Bank shall, subject to satisfaction of Lender’s obligations under paragraph 2(b) of this Article, credit to the Account cash in an amount (if any) equal to (X) the Market Value of the Loaned Securities not returned, minus (Y) the Collateral liquidation proceeds, such calculation to be made on the date of such credit.

 

(b) Client agrees, without the execution of any documents or the giving of any notice, that Bank is and will remain subrogated to all of Client’s and Lender’s respective rights under the Securities Borrowing Agreement or otherwise (to the extent of any credit pursuant to paragraph 5(a) of this Article), including but not limited to, Lender’s rights with respect to Loaned Securities and Distributions, and Collateral, Approved Investments and Proceeds. Client agrees to execute, or cause Lender to execute, and deliver to Bank such documents as Bank may require and to otherwise fully cooperate with Bank to give effect to its rights of subrogation hereunder.

 

(c) Bank shall have no obligation to take any actions pursuant to paragraph 5(a) of this Article if it believes that such action will violate any applicable statute, regulation, rule, order or judgment. Furthermore, except as provided in paragraph 5(a) of this Article, Bank shall have no other liability to Client and/or Lender relating to any Borrower’s failure to return Loaned Securities and no duty or obligation to take action to effect payment by a Borrower of any amounts owed by such Borrower pursuant to the Securities Borrowing Agreement.

 

(d) Either Client or Bank may terminate the provisions of paragraph 5(a) of this Article with respect to any Borrower at any time by delivery of a notice to the other party specifying a termination date not earlier than the date of receipt of such notice by the other party. No such termination shall be effective with respect to then existing rights of either party under this paragraph 5 or outstanding Securities Loans hereunder.

 

(e) Bank may setoff any amounts payable by Lender under this Agreement against amounts payable by Bank under paragraph 5(a) of this Article.

 

6. Taxes . (a) Each Lender shall be solely responsible for all tax matters arising in connection with Loans and Approved Investments, including without limitation, determinations of whether or not any Loan or Approved Investment results in liability to it for income tax, capital gains tax, value added tax, withholding tax, stamp duties, transfer taxes or any other taxes, assessments, duties and other governmental charges, including any interest or penalty with respect thereto (“Taxes”). Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, each Lender acknowledges that the tax treatment of amounts equivalent to all interest, dividends or other cash Distributions paid with respect to Loaned Securities (“In Lieu of Distributions”) may differ from the tax treatment of the interest, dividends or other cash distributions to which such payment relates and that Client and/or Lender, has made its own determination as to the tax

8  
 

treatment of any In Lieu of Distributions, remuneration or other funds received hereunder. Each Lender shall severally indemnify Bank for the amount of any Taxes that Bank or any withholding agent is required under applicable laws (whether by assessment or otherwise) to pay on behalf of, or in respect of income earned by or payments or distributions made to or for the account of Lender (including any payment of Tax required by reason of an earlier failure to withhold). In the event that Bank or any withholding agent is required under applicable law to pay any Tax on behalf of Lender, Bank is hereby authorized to withdraw cash from the Account or any cash account maintained by Lender with Bank in the amount required to pay such Tax and to use such cash for the timely payment of such Tax in the manner required by applicable law. If the aggregate amount of cash in such cash account is not sufficient to pay such Tax, Bank shall promptly notify Client of the additional amount of cash (in the appropriate currency) required, and Client shall, or shall cause Lender to, directly deposit such additional amount in the appropriate cash account promptly after receipt of such notice, for use by Bank as specified herein. In no event shall Bank be responsible for collecting any Taxes from Borrowers.

 

(b) In order to comply with Sections 1471 through 1474 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), any current or future regulations or official interpretations thereof, any agreement entered into pursuant to Section 1471(b) of the Code, or any fiscal or regulatory legislation, rules or practices adopted pursuant to any intergovernmental agreement entered into in connection with the implementation of such Sections of the Code , collectively referred to as the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act ("FATCA”), which may arise in connection with this Agreement, Client and Lender agree (i) to provide to Bank sufficient information (including any changes to the foregoing) so Bank can determine whether it has any tax withholding or other obligations under FATCA, (ii) that Bank shall be entitled to make any withholding or deduction from payments under this Agreement to the extent necessary to comply with FATCA, (iii) Bank shall not have any liability for making any such withholding or deduction, and (iv) to hold harmless Bank for any losses Lender may suffer due to the actions Bank takes to comply with FATCA. The terms of this section shall survive the termination of this Agreement.

 

 

ARTICLE V

CONCERNING BANK

 

1. Standard of Care; Reimbursement .

 

(a) Bank shall not be liable for any costs, expenses, damages, liabilities or claims (including attorneys’ and accountants’ fees) incurred by Lender, except those costs, expenses, damages, liabilities or claims arising out of the negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct of Bank. Bank shall have no obligation hereunder for costs, expenses, damages, liabilities or claims (including attorneys’ and accountants’ fees), which are sustained or incurred by reason of any action or inaction by the Book-Entry System or any Depository. Bank’s liability for the actions and omissions of any Subcustodian is limited to the failure on the part of Bank to exercise reasonable care in the selection or retention of such Subcustodian in light of prevailing settlement and securities handling practices, procedures and controls in the relevant market. With respect to any costs, expenses, damages, liabilities and claims (including attorneys’ and accountants’ fees) incurred by Lender with respect to the actions or omissions of any Subcustodian, Bank shall take appropriate action to recover the same, and Bank’s sole responsibility and liability to Lender shall be limited to amounts so received from such Subcustodian (exclusive of costs and expenses incurred by Bank). Bank shall not be liable for special, indirect or consequential damages, or lost profits or loss of business, arising under or in connection with this Agreement, even if previously informed of the possibility of such damages and regardless of the form of action.

 

(b) Except for any costs or expenses incurred by Bank in performing its obligations pursuant to paragraph 5(a) of Article IV, Client agrees to reimburse or cause Lender to reimburse Bank and to hold

9  
 

Bank harmless from and against any and all costs, expenses, damages, liabilities or claims, including reasonable fees and expenses of counsel incurred by Bank in a successful defense of claims by Client, Lender, or any third party which Bank may sustain or incur or which may be asserted against Bank by reason of or as a result of any action taken or omitted by Bank in connection with operating under this Agreement, other than those costs, expenses, damages, liabilities or claims arising out of the negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct of Bank. The foregoing shall be a continuing obligation of Client and Lender, their respective successors and assigns, notwithstanding the termination of any Loans hereunder or of this Agreement. Bank may charge any amounts to which it is entitled hereunder against the Account. Actions taken or omitted in reliance upon Oral or Written Instructions, any Certificate of Authorized Persons or upon any information, order, indenture, stock certificate, power of attorney, assignment, affidavit or other instrument reasonably believed by Bank to be genuine or bearing the signature of a person or persons reasonably believed to be authorized to sign, countersign or execute the same, shall be conclusively presumed to have been taken or omitted in good faith.

 

2. No Obligation to Inquire . Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, Bank shall be under no obligation to inquire into, and shall not be liable for, the validity of the issue of any Securities, Collateral or Approved Investments held in the Account or Collateral Account, or the legality or propriety of any Loans hereunder.

 

3. Reliance on Borrowers’ Statements, Representations and Warranties . Bank shall be entitled to rely upon the most recently available audited and unaudited statements of financial condition and representations and warranties made by Borrowers, and Bank shall not be liable for any loss or damage suffered as a result of any such reliance.

 

4. Advances; Overdrafts and Indebtedness; Security Interest .

 

(a) Bank may, in its sole discretion, advance funds to any Lender in order to pay to Borrowers any Rebates or to return to Borrowers Cash Collateral to which they are entitled or take any action prescribed under Section 5(a) of Article IV hereof or for any other purpose pursuant to this Agreement. Bank may also credit the Account or Collateral Account with Securities Loan Fees payable by Borrowers prior to its receipt thereof. Any such credit or advance hereunder (each an “Advance”) shall be conditional upon receipt by Bank of final payment or settlement and may be reversed to the extent final payment is not received.

 

(b) Client agrees to repay or cause Lender to repay Bank on demand the amount of any Advance or any other amount owed by Lender hereunder plus (except as may be prohibited by law) accrued interest at a rate per annum (based on a 360-day year for the actual number of days involved) equal to the relevant overnight inter-bank offered rate as determined by Bank. In the event that any such Advance or other amounts owed by Lender are not so paid, Bank is hereby authorized to obtain such amounts directly from and setoff such amounts against, the Account or the Collateral Account. In order to secure repayment of any Advance or other indebtedness to Bank arising hereunder, Client and Lender hereby agree that Bank shall have a continuing lien and security interest in and right of setoff against, all assets now or hereafter held in or credited to the Account and the Collateral Account (held on Lender’s behalf) and any other property at any time held by Bank or any Bank Affiliate for the benefit of Lender; provided that Bank shall have no lien or security interest hereunder in any Security issued or guaranteed by a Bank Affiliate or if such lien or security interest is prohibited by law. In this regard, Bank shall be entitled to all the rights and remedies of a pledgee under common law and a secured party under the applicable laws and/or regulations as then in effect. Bank and Client agree and acknowledge that the provisions of this Section 4 including any Advance made by Bank hereunder and any grant by Lender of any security for the repayment of any such Advance shall constitute a “securities contract,” as such term is defined in Section 741 of Title 11 of the United States Code, as amended.

10  
 

 

5. Advice of Counsel . Bank may, with respect to questions of law, apply for and obtain the advice and opinion of counsel and shall be fully protected with respect to anything done or omitted by it in good faith in conformity with such advice or opinion.

 

6. No Collection Obligations . Bank shall be under no obligation or duty to take action to effect collection of, or be liable for, any amounts payable in respect of Securities or Approved Investments if such Securities or Approved Investments are in default, or if payment is refused after due demand and presentation.

 

7. Pricing Services . In order to perform its valuation responsibilities with respect to Loaned Securities, Collateral and Approved Investments, Bank is authorized to utilize any pricing information source used by Bank in the ordinary course of business, and Lender agrees to hold Bank harmless from and against any loss or damage suffered or incurred as a result of errors or omissions of any such pricing information source.

 

8. Agent’s Fee . In consideration for the securities lending services to be provided by Bank hereunder, Bank shall be entitled to compensation in accordance with the fee schedule set forth in Schedule III attached hereto, as may be amended from time to time upon written agreement of the parties.

 

The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation (“BNYM”) has adopted an incentive compensation scheme designed (i) to facilitate clients gaining access to and being provided with explanations about the full range of products and services offered by BNYM and its subsidiaries, including Bank and (ii) to expand and develop client relationships. This programme may lead to the payment of referral fees to employees of BNYM or its subsidiaries, including Bank who may have been involved in a referral that resulted in obtaining of products or services by the Lender covered by this Agreement or which may be ancillary or supplemental to such products or services. Any such referral fees are funded solely out of fees and commissions paid by the Lender under this Agreement or with respect to such ancillary or supplemental products. Further details of the payment of referral fees will be provided upon request or otherwise to the extent required by applicable laws or regulations and only in accordance with applicable laws, regulations and other legal requirements and limitations.

 

9. Instructions .

 

(a) Subject to the terms below, Bank shall be entitled to rely upon any Written or Oral Instructions actually received by Bank and reasonably believed by Bank to be duly authorized and delivered. Client agrees that an Authorized Person shall forward to Bank Written Instructions confirming Oral Instructions by the close of business of the same day that such Oral Instructions are given to Bank. Client agrees that the fact that such confirming Written Instructions are not received or that contrary Written Instructions are received by Bank shall in no way affect the validity or enforceability of transactions authorized by such Oral Instructions and effected by Bank.

 

(b) If Bank receives Written Instructions which appear on their face to have been transmitted by an Authorized Person via (i) computer facsimile, email, the Internet or other insecure electronic method, or (ii) secure electronic transmission containing applicable authorization codes, passwords and/or authentication keys, Client understands and agrees that Bank cannot determine the identity of the actual sender of such Written Instructions and that Bank shall conclusively presume that such Written Instructions have been sent by an Authorized Person. Lender shall be responsible for ensuring that only Authorized Persons transmit such Written Instructions to Bank and that all Authorized Persons treat applicable user and authorization codes, passwords and/or authentication keys with extreme care.

 

11  
 

(c) Client and each Lender acknowledges and agrees that it is fully informed of the protections and risks associated with the various methods of transmitting Written Instructions to Bank and that there may be more secure methods of transmitting Written Instructions than the method(s) selected by Client. Client agrees that the security procedures (if any) to be followed in connection with its transmission of Written Instructions provide to it a commercially reasonable degree of protection in light of its particular needs and circumstances.

 

(d) If Client elects to transmit Written Instructions through an on-line communication system offered by Bank, Client’s use thereof shall be subject to the Terms and Conditions which are contained in the agreement for custodial services between Lender and Bank pursuant to which the Account is established hereunder, or in the absence thereof, Bank’s standard Terms and Conditions for use of such system. If Client elects (with Bank’s prior consent) to transmit Written Instructions through an on-line communications service owned or operated by a third party, Lender agrees that Bank shall not be responsible or liable for the reliability or availability of any such service.

 

10. Disclosure of Account Information; Centralized Functions . It is understood and agreed that Bank is authorized to supply any information regarding Client, Lender, the Account or Collateral Account which is required by any statute, regulation, rule or order now or hereafter in effect. In addition, in connection with the administration of the Program and in order to facilitate the approval Loans, Bank is specifically authorized to disclose to each Borrower, the identity of Client and Lender as well as such other information specific to Lender (including, without limitation, business address, U.S. Tax Identification Number, and lendable Securities), as is reasonably necessary in accordance with industry practice for the conduct of the Program by Bank.

 

(b) The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation, corporate parent of Bank, is a global financial organization that provides services to clients through its affiliates and subsidiaries in multiple jurisdictions (the “BNY Mellon Group”). The BNY Mellon Group may centralize functions, including audit, accounting, risk, legal, compliance, sales, administration, product communication, relationship management, storage, compilation and analysis of customer-related data, and other functions (the “ Centralized Functions ”) in one or more affiliates, subsidiaries and third-party service providers. Solely in connection with the Centralized Functions, (i) the Client consents to the disclosure of, and authorizes Bank to disclose, information regarding Client and/or Lender and its accounts (“ Customer-Related Data ”) to the BNY Mellon Group and to its third-party service providers who are subject to confidentiality obligations with respect to such information and (ii) Bank may store the names and business addresses of Client’s and/or Lender’s employees on the systems or in the records of the BNY Mellon Group or its service providers. In addition, the BNY Mellon Group may aggregate Customer-Related Data with other data collected and/or calculated by the BNY Mellon Group, and the BNY Mellon Group will own all such aggregated data, provided that the BNY Mellon Group shall not distribute the aggregated data in a format that identifies Customer-Related Data with the Client and/or Lender. The Client is authorized to consent to the foregoing and confirms that the disclosure to and storage by the BNY Mellon Group of such information does not violate any relevant data protection legislation. In addition, Bank may disclose Customer-Related Data as required by law or at the request of any governmental or regulatory authority.

 

11. Statements . Bank will at least monthly furnish Client with statements relating to Loans hereunder.

 

12. Force Majeure . Bank shall not be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations under this Agreement arising out of or caused, directly or indirectly, by circumstances beyond its control, including without limitation, acts of God; earthquakes; fires; floods; wars; civil or military disturbances; sabotage; epidemics; riots; interruptions, loss or malfunctions of

12  
 

utilities, transportation, computer (hardware or software) or communications service; accidents; labor disputes; acts of civil or military authority; governmental actions; or inability to obtain labor, material, equipment or transportation.

 

13. No Implied Duties . Bank shall have no duties or responsibilities whatsoever except such duties and responsibilities as are specifically set forth in this Agreement, and no covenant or obligation shall be implied against Bank in connection with this Agreement.

 

14. Not Acting as Municipal Advisor. With respect to the entering into this Agreement, any rights and obligations of Bank under this Agreement (including, without limitation, the investment of Cash Collateral by Bank) and any information and material related to the foregoing that is provided to Lender by or on behalf of Bank, Lender understands and acknowledges that:

 

(a) Each of Bank, its officers, employees or agents (i) are not acting as “municipal advisors” to Lender within the meaning of Section 15B of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Section 15B”), (ii) do not owe a fiduciary duty to Lender pursuant to Section 15B, and (iii) are acting for their own interests; and

 

(b) This Agreement (including any amendments and related agreements) and any such information or material neither constitute a recommendation by Bank to Lender to undertake or refrain from undertaking a particular action or course of action nor constitute a recommendation that is particularized to the Lender’s specific needs, objectives or circumstances, and Lender has discussed this Agreement and any such information and material with internal or external advisors that Lender deems appropriate before entering into this Agreement and acting on such information or material.

 

ARTICLE VI

TERMINATION

 

This Agreement may be terminated at any time at the option of any party upon thirty (30) days prior written notice to the other party. After such notice is given or received by Bank and subject to satisfaction of Lender’s obligations under paragraph 2(b) of Article IV, Bank shall not make any further Loans and shall promptly take all commercially reasonable actions to terminate Loans then outstanding in accordance with the provisions hereof. The obligations and the rights of Client, Lender and Bank under this Agreement with respect to any outstanding loans shall survive and continue despite any termination of this Agreement until fully performed or satisfied.

 

 

ARTICLE VII

MISCELLANEOUS

 

1. Exclusivity . Client agrees that it shall not enter into any other agreement with any third party whereby such third party is permitted to make loans on behalf of Lender of Securities held by Bank from time to time.

 

2. Certificate of Authorized Persons . Client agrees to furnish to Bank a new Certificate of Authorized Persons in the event that any present Authorized Person ceases to be an Authorized Person or in the event that any other Authorized Persons are appointed and authorized. Until such new Certificate of Authorized Persons is received, Bank shall be fully protected in acting upon Oral Instructions, Written Instructions and/or signatures of the present Authorized Persons.

 

13  
 

3. Notices .

 

(a) Any notice or other instrument in writing, authorized or required by this Agreement to be given to Bank, shall be sufficiently given if addressed to Bank and received by it at its offices at 101 Barclay Street, 4th Floor, New York, New York 10286, Attention: Securities Lending Division, with a copy to Client Service Center 500 Ross Street, Suite 850, Pittsburgh Pennsylvania, 15262, or at such other place as Bank may from time to time designate in writing.

 

(b) Any notice or other instrument in writing, authorized or required by this Agreement to be given to Lender shall be sufficiently given if addressed to Client and received by it at its office at 200 Vesey Street, 24 th floor, New York, NY 10281, or at such other place as Client may from time to time designate in writing.

 

4. Cumulative Rights and No Waiver . Each and every right granted to Bank hereunder or under any other document delivered hereunder or in connection herewith, or allowed it by law or equity, shall be cumulative and may be exercised from time to time. No failure on the part of Bank to exercise, and no delay in exercising, any right will operate as a waiver thereof, nor will any single or partial exercise by Bank of any right preclude any other or future exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right.

 

5. Severability . In case any provision in or obligation under this Agreement shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions or obligations shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby, and if any provision is inapplicable to any person or circumstances, it shall nevertheless remain applicable to all other persons and circumstances.

 

6. Amendments . This Agreement may not be amended or modified in any manner except by a written agreement executed by both parties.

 

7. Successors and Assigns . This Agreement shall extend to and shall be binding upon the parties hereto, and their respective successors and assigns; provided, however, that this Agreement shall not be assignable by either party without the written consent of the other. Any entity controlled by The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation, which shall by merger, consolidation, purchase or otherwise succeed to substantially all of the securities lending business of Bank shall, upon such succession and without any appointment or other action by Client, be and become successor to Bank’s right, title and interest hereunder upon notification to Client.

 

(b) Bank may utilize the services of one or more Bank Affiliates as sub-agent to perform all or any portion of the services to be provided by Bank, provided, however, that Bank shall be responsible for the acts and omissions of such sub-agent to the same extent as though such acts or omissions were the acts or omissions of Bank.

 

8. Governing Law; Consent to Jurisdiction; Waiver of Immunity; Jury Trial Waiver . Except to the extent superseded by federal law, this Agreement shall be construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, without regard to conflict of laws principles. Client hereby irrevocably and unconditionally (i) submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of any state or federal court situated in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York in connection with any dispute arising hereunder; and (ii) waives, to the fullest extent it may effectively do so, any defense of an inconvenient forum to the maintenance of such action or proceeding in any such court and any right of jurisdiction on account of its place or residence or domicile. To the extent that in any jurisdiction Client or Lender may now or

14  
 

hereafter be entitled to claim, for itself or its assets, immunity from suit, execution, attachment (before or after judgment) or other legal process, it irrevocably agrees not to claim, and it hereby waives, such immunity. Client and Bank each hereby irrevocably waive any and all rights to trial by jury in any legal proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement.

 

9. No Third Party Beneficiaries . In performing hereunder, Bank is acting solely on behalf of Client and Lender and no contractual or service relationship shall be deemed to be established hereby between Bank and any other person.

 

10. Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but such counterparts shall, together, constitute only one instrument.

 

11. Notice to Client . Client hereby acknowledges that Bank is subject to federal laws, including the customer identification program (CIP) requirements under the USA PATRIOT Act and its implementing regulations, pursuant to which Bank must obtain, verify and record information that allows Bank to identify Client and Lender. Accordingly, prior to opening an Account hereunder Bank will ask Lender to provide certain information including, but not limited to, Client’s and Lender’s name, physical address, tax identification number and other information that will help Bank to identify and verify Lender’s identity such as organizational documents, certificate of good standing, license to do business, or other pertinent identifying information. Client and Lender agree that Bank cannot open an account hereunder unless and until Bank verifies Client’s and Lender’s identity in accordance with its CIP.

 

12. SIPA NOTICE; Certain Losses . THE PROVISIONS OF THE SECURITIES INVESTOR PROTECTION ACT OF 1970 MAY NOT PROTECT LENDER WITH RESPECT TO LOANS HEREUNDER AND, THEREFORE, THE COLLATERAL DELIVERED TO BANK AS AGENT FOR LENDER MAY CONSTITUTE THE ONLY SOURCE OF SATISFACTION OF A BORROWER’S OBLIGATION IN THE EVENT SUCH BORROWER FAILS TO RETURN THE LOANED SECURITIES.

 

Client acknowledges that certain events including, but not limited to, Client's and/or Lender’s termination of any Loan or Loans or termination of participation in the Program, certain changes to the composition of Lender’s lendable Securities, extraordinary changes in market conditions, applicable interest rates or the bankruptcy, insolvency or deteriorating credit condition of any issuer of a security may result in a loss to Lender.

 

[ Signature page to follow ]

 

15  
 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed by their respective corporate officers, thereunto duly authorized, as of the day and year first above written.

 

 

ACTIVE WEIGHTING FUNDS ETF TRUST

 

 

By:                                  

(Signature)

 

Name:

Title:

 

THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON

 

 

By:                                                  

(Signature)

 

Name:                                             

Title:                                              

 

_______________ ________________

Taxpayer Identification Number(s) of Lender

 

 

 

 

By:                                                  

(Signature)

 

Name:                                             

Title:                                              

 

 

16  
 

Exhibit (h)(3)

 

 

SCHEDULE I

to

SECURITIES LENDING AUTHORIZATION AGREEMENT

dated September 29, 2017

by and between

THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON, and ACTIVE WEIGHTING FUNDS ETF TRUST, (the “Agreement”)

 

 

 

APPROVED INVESTMENTS (U.S. Dollar Cash Collateral)

 

 

In accordance with the Agreement, Cash Collateral received by Bank on behalf of Lender shall be held and maintained in a segregated Collateral Account for Lender and shall be invested and maintained in accordance with the following guidelines:

 

 

 

 

 

Agreed to and Approved by Client

 

By: /s/ Jonathon Clements

 

Title: President

 

Date: September 29, 2017

 

Agreed to and Approved by Bank

 

By: __________________________

 

Title: __________________________

 

Date: __________________________

 

By: __________________________

 

Title: __________________________

 

Date: __________________________

 
 

Exhibit (h)(3)

SCHEDULE II

to

SECURITIES LENDING AUTHORIZATION AGREEMENT

dated September 29, 2017

by and between

THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON, and ACTIVE WEIGHTING FUNDS ETF TRUST , (the “Agreement”)

 

 

Approved Borrowers

 

The following is the list of Borrowers in the Program referred to in the Securities Lending Authorization Agreement dated September 29, 2017, by and between THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON and ACTIVE WEIGHTING FUNDS ETF TRUST.

 

 

 

 

   

Domestic Broker/Dealers & Banks

1.         ABN AMRO Securities (USA) LLC

2.         Bank of New York Mellon ***

3.         Barclays Capital, Inc. *

4.         BMO Capital Markets Corp*

5.         BNP Paribas Prime Brokerage Inc.

6.         BNP Paribas Securities Corp *

7.         BNY Mellon Capital Markets LLC ***

8.         BofAML Securities, Inc.

9.         Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. *

10.      Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.

11.      CIBC World Markets Corporation

12.      Citadel Clearing LLC

13.      Citadel Securities LLC

14.      Citibank, N.A.

15.      Citigroup Global Markets, Inc. *

16.     Commerz Markets LLC .

17.      Cowen Execution Services LLC

18.      Credit Agricole Securities (USA) Inc.

19.      Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC *

20.      Daiwa Capital Markets America, Inc. *

21.      Deutsche Bank Securities, Inc. *

22.      ED&F Man Capital Markets Inc.

23.      Goldman, Sachs & Co. LLC *

24.      Guggenheim Securities LLC

25.      HBK Global Securities LP

26.      HSBC Securities (USA) Inc. *

27.      Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Financial Services LLC

28.      ING Financial Markets LLC.

29.      Janney Montgomery Scott LLC

30.      Jefferies LLC *

31.      J.P. Morgan Securities, Inc. *

32.      KCG Americas LLC

33.      Macquarie Capital USA Inc.

34.      Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc.*

35.      MUFG Securities Americas Inc.

36.      Mizuho Securities (USA) LLC *

37.      Morgan Stanley & Co., LLC *

38.      National Bank of Canada Financial, Inc.

39.      National Financial Services LLC

40.      Natixis Securities Americas LLC

41.      Nomura Securities International, Inc. *

45.      RBC Capital Markets LLC *

46.      RBS Securities Corp. *

47.      Ronin Capital LLC

48.      Scotia Capital (USA) Inc.

49.      SG Americas Securities, LLC

50.      State of Wisconsin Investment Board

51.      SunTrust Robinson Humphrey Inc.

52.      TD Prime Services LLC

53.      TD Securities (USA) LLC *

54.      UBS Securities LLC *

55.      US Bancorp Investments Inc.

56.      Wedbush Securities Inc.

57.      Wells Fargo Bank, NA

58.      Wells Fargo Clearing Services, LLC

59.      Wells Fargo Securities, LLC *

 

International Brokers & Banks

60.      Abbey National Treasury Services PLC

61.      ABN AMRO Bank NV

62.      ABN Amro Clearing NV

63.      Air Canada Pension Master Trust Fund 

64.      Banco Santander SA

65.      Bank of Montreal

66.      Bank of Montreal Ireland PLC

67.      The Bank of Nova Scotia

68.      The Bank of Nova Scotia (Asia) Limited

69.      The Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd

70.      Barclays Bank PLC

71.      Barclays Capital Securities Ltd.

72.      BMO Capital Markets Limited

73.      BMO Nesbitt Burns, Inc.

74.      BNP Paribas

75.      BNP Paribas Arbitrage

76.      BNP Paribas Prime Brokerage International Ltd.

77.      Caisse De Depot Et Placement Du Quebec

78.      Canaccord Genuity Corp.

79.      Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce

80.      Canadian Medical Protective Association

81.      Canada Pension Plan Investment Board

82.      Casgrain & Company Limited

83.      Capula Global Relative Value Master Fund Limited

84.      Capula Tail Risk Master Fund Limited

85.      CIBC World Markets Inc.

 

 
 

 

42.      Palafox Trading LLC

43.      Pershing LLC ***

44.      Raymond James & Associates, Inc.

86.      Citigroup Global Markets Ltd

87.      Commerzbank AG

88.      Credit Agricole CIB

89.      Credit Suisse AG

90.      Credit Suisse Securities (Canada) Inc.

91.      Credit Suisse Securities (Europe), Ltd.

92.      Daiwa Capital Markets Europe Ltd.

93.      Danske Bank A/S

94.      Desjardins Securities Inc.

95.      Deutsche Bank, AG

96.      Fidelity Clearing Canada LLC

97.      Goldman Sachs International

98.      Healthcare of Ontario Pension Plan Trust Fund

99.      HSBC Bank PLC

100.   HSBC France

101.   HSBC Securities (Canada) Inc.

102.   ICBC Standard Bank PLC

103.   ING Bank, N.V.

104.   Japan Securities Finance Co., Ltd

105.   Jefferies International Ltd.

106.   J.P. Morgan Securities Australia Ltd

107.   J.P. Morgan Securities, PLC

108.   Jyske Bank

109.   KCG Europe Limited

110.   Laurentian Bank Securities

111.   Lloyds Bank Plc

112.   Macquarie Bank Ltd.

113.   Merrill Lynch Canada

114.   Merrill Lynch International

115.   MUFG Securities EMEA PLC

116.   Morgan Stanley Canada Ltd

117.   Morgan Stanley & Co. International, PLC

118.   Morgan Stanley MUFG Securities Co., Ltd

119.   Morgan Stanley Securities Australia Ltd

120.   National Australia Bank, Ltd

121.   National Bank Financial Inc.

122.   National Bank of Canada

123.   Natixis

124.   NBC Global Finance Ltd.

125.   Nomura International PLC

126.   Ontario Teachers' Pension Plan Board

127.   Public Sector Pension Investment Board

128.   RBC Dominion Securities Inc.

129.   RBC Europe Limited

130.   The Royal Bank of Scotland PLC

131.   Scotia Bank (Ireland) Limited

132.   Scotiabank Europe PLC

133.   Scotia Capital Inc.

134.   Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken AB

135.   Societe Generale

136.   Societe Generale Capital Canada Inc.

137.   Standard Chartered Bank

138.   Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation

139.   TD Securities Inc.

140.   Toronto Dominion Bank

141.   UBS AG

142.   UBS Securities Australia Ltd

143.   Unicredit Bank AG

 

* Denotes Primary US Government Securities Dealer

** Treated as single entity for credit & processing purposes

*** Denotes borrower is an affiliate of The Bank of New York Mellon

 

(Rev 6/30/2017)

 

 

 

 

 

    2  
 

ATTACHMENT 1

to

SECURITIES LENDING AUTHORIZATION AGREEMENT

dated September 29, 2017

by and between

THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON, and ACTIVE WEIGHTING FUNDS ETF TRUST, the Client, on behalf of

various Funds identified therein (the “Agreement”)

 

 

LIST OF LENDERS

 

 

The following is the list of the “Lenders” referred to in the Securities Lending Authorization Agreement dated September 29, 2017, by and between THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON (“Bank”) and ACTIVE WEIGHTING FUNDS ETF TRUST , as Client.

 

 

List of Funds

 

 

Tax ID

 

Republican Policies Fund   82-6239206
Democratic Policies Fund   82-6239919
U.S. Tax Reform Fund   82-6246581
European Union Breakup Fund   82-6244197
     
     
     
     
     
     

 

 

    1  

 

Exhibit (h)(4)

FORM OF 

ACTIVE WEIGHTING FUNDS ETF TRUST

PURCHASING FUND AGREEMENT

 

This Purchasing Fund Agreement (the “Agreement”) is made as of the date set forth below between the Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust (the “Trust”) and _________________________ (the “Purchasing Fund”).

 

WHEREAS, Section 12(d)(1)(A) (“Section 12(d)(1)(A)”) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), limits investment by an investment company, as defined in the 1940 Act, and affiliates of such company, in any other investment company that is registered under the 1940 Act; and

WHEREAS, the Trust is an investment company registered as such under the 1940 Act; and is organized as a series fund with multiple separate series (each such series an “ETF” and collectively the “ETFs”); and

WHEREAS, the Purchasing Fund is a registered investment company or otherwise meets the definition of “investment company” under the 1940 Act; and

WHEREAS, the Purchasing Fund is not advised or sponsored by the adviser to the Trust, Active Weighting Advisors LLC, and is not part of the same “group of investment companies” (as defined in Section 12(d)(1)(G)(ii) of the 1940 Act) as the Trust;

WHEREAS, the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) has granted an order (Rel. Nos. ____________ (______________, 2017) (notice) and _______________ (_________________, 2017) (order)) exempting the Trust and certain investment companies investing in the ETFs of the Trust from the limits of Section 12(d)(1)(A) (such order and the application therefor together, the “Order”); and

WHEREAS, in reliance on the Order, the Purchasing Fund may acquire shares in the ETFs (“Shares”) in excess of the limits imposed by Section 12(d)(1)(A); and

WHEREAS, pursuant to the conditions set forth in the Order, each Purchasing Fund must enter into a written agreement with the Trust prior to acquiring Shares in excess of the limits imposed by Section 12(d)(1)(A);

NOW, THEREFORE, the Trust and the Purchasing Fund agree as follows:

1.                   Capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings assigned such terms in the Order.

2.                   The members of an Purchasing Fund’s Advisory Group will not control (individually or in the aggregate) a Fund within the meaning of section 2(a)(9) of the Act. The members of an Purchasing Fund’s Subadvisory Group will not control (individually or in the aggregate) a Fund within the meaning of section 2(a)(9) of the Act. If, as a result of a decrease in

 
 

the outstanding voting securities of a Fund, the Purchasing Fund’s Advisory Group or the Purchasing Fund’s Subadvisory Group, each in the aggregate, becomes a holder of more than 25 percent of the outstanding voting securities of a Fund, it will vote its Shares of the Fund in the same proportion as the vote of all other holders of the Fund’s Shares. This condition does not apply to the Purchasing Fund’s Subadvisory Group with respect to a Fund for which the Purchasing Fund’s Subadviser or a person controlling, controlled by or under common control with the Purchasing Fund’s Subadviser acts as the investment adviser within the meaning of section 2(a)(20)(A) of the Act.

For purposes of this Agreement, the “Purchasing Fund’s Advisory Group” consists of the Purchasing Fund’s investment adviser (“Purchasing Fund Adviser”) or Sponsor, as applicable, and any person controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Purchasing Fund Adviser, Sponsor, and any investment company or any issuer that would be an investment company but for Sections 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act that is advised by the Purchasing Fund Adviser or sponsored by the Purchasing Fund’s Sponsor, or any person controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Purchasing Fund Adviser or Sponsor, as applicable.

For purposes of this Agreement, a “Purchasing Fund Subadvisory Group” consists of any subadviser to such Purchasing Fund (“Purchasing Fund Subadviser”), any person controlling, controlled by, or under common control with such subadviser, and any investment company or issuer that would be an investment company but for Sections 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act (or portion of such investment company or issuer) advised or sponsored by such subadviser or any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with such subadviser.

3.                   No Purchasing Fund or Purchasing Fund Affiliate will cause any existing or potential investment by the Purchasing Fund in a Fund to influence the terms of any services or transactions between the Purchasing Fund or Purchasing Fund Affiliate and the Fund or a Fund Affiliate

For purposes of this Agreement, the term “Purchasing Fund Affiliate” includes the Purchasing Fund Adviser, Purchasing Fund Subadviser(s), any Sponsor, promoter and principal underwriter of a Purchasing Fund, and any person controlling, controlled by, or under common control with any of these entities.

4.                   If the Purchasing Fund is a management company, as defined in Section 4 of the 1940 Act (an “Investing Management Company”), the board of directors or trustees of such Management Company, including a majority of the disinterested directors or trustees, will adopt procedures reasonably designed to ensure that the Purchasing Fund’s adviser and Purchasing Fund’s subadviser are conducting the investment program of the Investing Management Company without taking into account any consideration received by the Investing Management Company or a Purchasing Fund Affiliate from an ETF or ETF Affiliate in connection with any services or transactions.

For purposes of this Agreement, the term “ETF Affiliate” includes the Adviser, Subadviser(s), promoter or principal underwriter of an ETF and any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with any of these entities.

2  
 

5.                   Once an investment by a Purchasing Fund in the securities of a ETF exceeds the limits in Section 12(d)(1)(A)(i) of the 1940 Act, the Board of the Trust, including a majority of the directors or trustees who are not “interested persons” within the meaning of Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act (“non-interested Board members”), will determine that any consideration paid by the ETF to the Purchasing Fund or a Purchasing Fund Affiliate in connection with any services or transactions: (i) is fair and reasonable in relation to the nature and quality of the services and benefits received by the Fund; (ii) is within the range of consideration that the ETF would be required to pay to another unaffiliated entity in connection with the same services or transactions; and (iii) does not involve overreaching on the part of any person concerned. This condition does not apply with respect to any services or transactions between an ETF and its investment adviser(s), or any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with such investment adviser(s).

6.                   The Purchasing Fund’s adviser, or trustee or sponsor of an Purchasing Fund’s trust, as applicable, will waive fees otherwise payable to it by the Purchasing Fund in an amount at least equal to any compensation (including fees received pursuant to any plan adopted by a Fund under Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act) received from an ETF by the Purchasing Fund’s adviser, or trustee or sponsor of the Purchasing Fund’s trust, or an affiliated person of the Purchasing Fund’s adviser, or trustee or sponsor of the Purchasing Fund’s trust, other than any advisory fees paid to the Purchasing Fund’s adviser, or trustee or sponsor of an Purchasing Fund’s trust, or its affiliated person by the ETF, in connection with the investment by the Purchasing Fund in the ETF. Any Purchasing Fund’s subadviser will waive fees otherwise payable to the Purchasing Fund’s subadviser, directly or indirectly, by the Investing Management Company in an amount at least equal to any compensation received from an ETF by the Purchasing Fund’s subadviser, or an affiliated person of the Purchasing Fund’s sub-adviser, other than any advisory fees paid to the Purchasing Fund’s subadviser or its affiliated person by the ETF, in connection with the investment by the Investing Management Company in the ETF made at the direction of the Purchasing Fund’s subadviser. In the event that the Purchasing Fund’s subadviser waives fees, the benefit of the waiver will be passed through to the Investing Management Company.

7.                   No Purchasing Fund or Purchasing Fund Affiliate (except to the extent it is acting in its capacity as an investment adviser to a ETF) will cause a ETF to purchase a security in any Affiliated Underwriting.

For purposes of this Agreement, the term “Affiliated Underwriting” means an offering of securities during the existence of an underwriting or selling syndicate of which a principal underwriter is an Underwriting Affiliate. For purposes of this Agreement, the term “Underwriting Affiliate” means a principal underwriter in any underwriting or selling syndicate that is an officer, director, member of an advisory board, investment adviser, subadviser, sponsor or employee of the Purchasing Fund, or a person of which any such officer, director, member of an advisory board, investment adviser, subadviser, sponsor or employee is an affiliated person. An Underwriting Affiliate does not include any person whose relationship to the Trust is covered by Section 10(f) of the 1940 Act.

8.                   The Board of the Trust, including a majority of the non-interested Board members, will adopt procedures reasonably designed to monitor any purchases of securities by

3  
 

the ETF in an Affiliated Underwriting, once an investment by a Purchasing Fund in the securities of the ETF exceeds the limit of Section 12(d)(1)(A)(i) of the 1940 Act, including any purchases made directly from an Underwriting Affiliate. The Board will review these purchases periodically, but no less frequently than annually, to determine whether the purchases were influenced by the investment by the Purchasing Fund in the ETF. The Board will consider, among other things: (i) whether the purchases were consistent with the investment objectives and policies of the ETF; (ii) how the performance of securities purchased in an Affiliated Underwriting compares to the performance of comparable securities purchased during a comparable period of time in underwritings other than Affiliated Underwritings or to a benchmark such as a comparable market index; and (iii) whether the amount of securities purchased by the ETF in Affiliated Underwritings and the amount purchased directly from an Underwriting Affiliate have changed significantly from prior years. The Board will take any appropriate actions based on its review, including, if appropriate, the institution of procedures designed to ensure that purchases of securities in Affiliated Underwritings are in the best interest of shareholders of the ETF.

9.                   At the time of its investment in Shares of a ETF in excess of the limit in Section 12(d)(1)(A)(i) of the 1940 Act, the Purchasing Fund will notify the ETF of the investment. At such time, the Purchasing Fund will also transmit to the ETF a list of the names of each Purchasing Fund Affiliate and Underwriting Affiliate. The Purchasing Fund will notify the ETF of any changes to the list of the names as soon as reasonably practicable after a change occurs.

10.               The Purchasing Fund and the Trust represent that their respective boards of directors or trustees and their investment advisers, or trustee and sponsor, as applicable, understand the terms and conditions of the Order, and agree to fulfill their responsibilities under the Order.

11.               If the Purchasing Fund is an Investment Management Company, it represents and warrants to the Trust that, before approving any advisory contract under Section 15 of the 1940 Act, its board of directors or trustees, including a majority of the disinterested directors or trustees, found or will find that the advisory fees charged under such contract are based on services provided that will be in addition to, rather than duplicative of, the services provided under the advisory contract(s) of any ETF in which the Investing Management Company may invest. These findings and their basis will be fully recorded in the minute books of the appropriate Investing Management Company.

12.               The Purchasing Fund agrees that it has sole responsibility under the Order and this Agreement to monitor the limits of Section 12(d)(1)(A) as they pertain to its acquisition of Shares.

13.               The Purchasing Fund represents and warrants to the Trust that, if it is a Management Company, its investment adviser is registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, or is exempt from such registration.

14.               The Purchasing Fund represents and warrants to the Trust that, if it purchases Creation Units directly from the Trust, it will do so only in compliance with the Purchasing

4  
 

Fund’s investment restrictions and only if so doing is consistent with the investment policies set forth in the Purchasing Fund’s registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933.

15.               The Purchasing Fund and the Trust agree that each shall preserve a copy of this Agreement, the list of Purchasing Fund Affiliates and Underwriting Affiliates and a copy of the Order for the duration of the investment and for a period of not less than six (6) years thereafter, the first two years shall be maintained by the Purchasing Fund and the Trust in an easily accessible place.

16.               The Purchasing Fund represents and warrants to the Trust that it understands and complies with the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. Conduct Rule 2830 and that any sales charge and/or service fees (other than customary brokerage fees) charged with respect to shares in the Purchasing Fund will not exceed the limits applicable to a fund of funds as set forth in that rule.

17.               If it is acquiring Shares in excess of either (i) the 5% limit of Section 12(d)(1)(A)(ii) of the 1940 Act or (ii) the 10% limit of Section 12(d)(1)(A)(iii) of the 1940 Act, the Purchasing Fund represents and warrants to the Trust, and agrees, that its prospectus will disclose in “plain English” the fact that it may invest in exchange-traded funds and the unique characteristics of a fund that invests in exchange-traded funds, including but not limited to the expense structure and any additional expenses of investing in exchange-traded funds.

18.               Any of the provisions of this Agreement notwithstanding, the Purchasing Fund represents and warrants to the Trust that it operates, and will continue to operate, in compliance with the 1940 Act, and the Commission’s rules and regulations thereunder. The Purchasing Fund agrees that the Trust is entitled to rely on the representations contained in this Agreement and that the Trust has no independent duty to monitor the Purchasing Fund’s compliance with this Agreement, the Order, the 1940 Act, or the Commission’s rules and regulations thereunder.

 

[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank]

5  
 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have duly executed this Agreement as of the _____ day of _________________, 20___.

 

 

____________________________________
[Name of Purchasing Fund]

 

By: ____________________________

 

Name: __________________________

 

Title: ____________________________

 

 

 

 

 

ACCEPTED:

 

ACTIVE WEIGHTING FUNDS ETF TRUST

 

By: ____________________________

 

Name: __________________________

 

Title: ____________________________

 

 

6  

Exhibit (i)

October 2, 2017

Board of Trustees of Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust

200 Vesey Street, 24 th Floor

New York, NY 10281

Re: Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust (Registration Nos. 333-215588 and 811-23226) with respect to the Republican Policies Fund, Democratic Policies Fund, U.S. Tax Reform Fund and European Union Breakup Fund (each a “Fund” and collectively, the “Funds”)

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We have acted as counsel for the Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Trust”), in connection with the Trust’s filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) on April 6, 2017, June 22, 2017 and October 2, 2017 of Pre-Effective Amendments Nos. 1, 2 and 3, respectively, to the Funds’ Registration Statement on Form N-1A (as amended, the “Registration Statement”), originally filed on January 17, 2017 under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “1933 Act”) (No. 333-215588) and under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (No. 811-23226), relating to the issuance and sale by the Trust of an unlimited number of authorized shares of each of its Funds (the “Shares”).

 

In connection with this opinion, we have examined originals or copies, certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction, of such instruments, documents and records as we have deemed relevant and necessary to examine for the purpose of this opinion, including (a) the Registration Statement, (b) the Trust’s Declaration of Trust, as amended to date, (c) the Trust’s By-laws, as amended to date, (d) resolutions of the Board of Trustees of the Trust related to the Shares and the Funds; (e) the pertinent provisions of the constitution and laws of the State of Delaware; and (f) such other instruments, documents, statements and records of the Trust and others and other such statutes as we have deemed relevant and necessary to examine and rely upon for the purpose of this opinion.

 

 

Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP

250 West 55th Street | New York, NY 10019-9710 | www.apks.com

 
 

 

 

 

October 2, 2017

Page 2

 

 

In connection with this opinion, we have assumed the legal capacity of all natural persons, the accuracy and completeness of all documents and records that we have reviewed, the genuineness of all signatures, the authenticity of the documents submitted to us as originals and the conformity to authentic original documents of all documents submitted to us as certified, conformed or reproduced copies.

 

Based upon the foregoing, we are of the opinion that the Shares proposed to be offered and sold pursuant to the Registration Statement, when it is made effective by the Commission or otherwise pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Commission, will have been validly authorized and, when sold in accordance with the terms of the Registration Statement and the requirements of applicable federal and state law and delivered by the Trust against receipt of the net asset value of the Shares, as described in the Registration Statement, will have been legally and validly issued and will be fully paid and non-assessable by the Trust.

 

This opinion is given as of the date hereof and we assume no obligation to advise you of changes that may hereafter be brought to our attention. This opinion is limited to the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, the applicable provisions of the Delaware constitution and the reported judicial decisions interpreting such laws, and we do not express any opinion concerning any other laws.

 

We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement, to be filed with the Commission, and to the use of our name in the Registration Statement under the caption “Legal Counsel” in the prospectus that is a part thereof and under the caption “Legal Counsel” in the statement of additional information that is a part thereof and in any revised or amended versions thereof. In giving such consent, however, we do not admit that we are within the category of persons whose consent is required by Section 7 of the 1933 Act, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder.

 

 

Very truly yours,


/s/ ARNOLD & PORTER KAYE SCHOLER LLP

 



ARNOLD & PORTER KAYE SCHOLER LLP

 

 

 

Exhibit (j)

 

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

We consent to the reference to our firm under the caption "Independent Regi stered Public Accounting Firm" and to the use of our report dated October 2, 2017, in the Pre-Effective Amendment No.3 to the Registration Statement (Form N-1A No. 333-215588) and related Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information of Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust dated October 2, 2017.

 

New York, NY

October 2, 2017

 

 

Exhibit (m)

ACTIVE WEIGHTING FUNDS ETF TRUST

Rule 12b-1 Distribution and Service Plan

 

1.                   The Trust . Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust (the “Trust”) is an open-end management investment company registered as such under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), and organized as a series trust (each such series is referred to herein as a “Fund”).

2.                   The Plan . The Trust desires to adopt a plan of distribution pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act with respect to the shares of beneficial interest (“Shares”) of each Fund, and the Board of Trustees of the Trust (the “Board of Trustees”) has determined that there is a reasonable likelihood that adoption of this Distribution and Service Plan (the “Plan”) will benefit the Funds listed on Appendix A (each “Designated Fund”) and their holders of Shares. Accordingly, each Designated Fund hereby adopts this Plan in accordance with Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act on the following terms and conditions (capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein have the meanings assigned thereto in the Funds’ registration statement under the 1940 Act and under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, as such registration statement is amended by any amendments thereto at the time in effect).

3.                   The Distributor . The Trust has entered into a written Distribution Agreement with Foreside Fund Services, LLC (the “Distributor”), pursuant to which the Distributor will act as the exclusive distributor with respect to the creation and distribution of Creation Unit size aggregations of Shares as described in the Funds’ registration statement (“Creation Units”) of each Fund.

4.                   Payments . The Designated Fund will pay fees, in the amounts and on the terms set forth below, or as may hereafter be determined by the Board of Trustees, that collectively will not exceed, on an annualized basis, 0.25% of the Designated Fund’s average daily net assets for purposes permitted by Rule 12b-1. Such fees may include payments made on the following basis:

(a)                 for (A) acting as agent of the Designated Fund with respect to the sale of Shares in “Creation Unit” size aggregations as set forth in the Fund’s registration statement referred to above, (B) generating and transmitting confirmations of purchases of Creation Unit aggregations of Shares and delivering copies of the Fund’s Prospectus and/or Statement of Additional Information included in the registration statement in connection with purchases thereof and to prospective purchases; (C) clearing and filing all advertising, sales and marketing and promotional materials of the Trust with the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority; (D) maintaining access to telephonic, facsimile or direct computer communications links with The Depository Trust Company and the Bank of New York Mellon as the Fund’s custodian, administrator and transfer agent; and (E) such other services and obligations as are set forth in the Distribution Agreement;

(b)                the remainder of the fees, not to exceed, on an annualized basis, 0.25% of the average daily net assets of the Designated Fund, paid or payable by the Designated Fund to the Distributor, shall be used, subject to the provision of this Plan, to pay for any activities primarily intended to result in the sale of Shares of the Designated Fund in Creation Unit

 
 

aggregations or secondary market trading or for the provision of investor and shareholder services to holders of Shares, including, but not limited to:

(i)                  payments to registered broker-dealers, banks and/or other persons (each, an “Investor Services Organization” or “ISO”) of investor and shareholder services fees (“Investor Services Fees”), to be computed daily and payable quarterly, in each case pursuant to a separate agreement with the Distributor, in substantially the forms approved by the Board of Trustees and attached as exhibits hereto (each an “Investor Services Agreement”), as compensation for broker-dealer, investor and shareholder support, account maintenance and educational and promotional services relating to the Shares (which may include compensation and sales incentives to the registered brokers or other sales personnel of an ISO under an Investor Services Agreement and facilitation through broker-dealers and other persons of communications with beneficial owners of Shares), which shall be provided by the respective ISO pursuant to such agreement with respect to all Funds subject thereto. Such compensation to any ISO shall be in an amount as set forth in the individual Investor Services Agreement, provided that, no ISO shall be entitled to receive Investor Services Fees of more than .10% of average daily net assets per annum of the Designated Fund attributable to the Shares subject to such Agreement;

(ii)                paying the Distributor, or another party or parties pursuant to arrangements with the Distributor, to the extent of any amounts remaining under this Plan after payment of the fees provided for pursuant to subparagraphs (a), (b) and (c)(i) hereof, not to exceed, on an annualized basis, .25% of the Designated Fund’s average daily net assets together with all other amounts to be paid hereunder, for promotional and marketing activities related to the sale of Shares of the Designated Fund in Creation Unit aggregations or in secondary market trading, including, but not limited to, payment for (A) the printing and distribution costs of the Funds’ Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information, except for such printing and distribution costs as are incurred by the Designated Fund directly in connection with Prospectuses and/or Statements of Additional Information required to be sent to existing shareholders; and (B) the production and distribution of advertisements and other promotional, sales and marketing materials relating to the sale of Shares of the Designated Fund (other than as provided above).

(c)                 Distribution-related expenses incurred in any one year to the Distributor under paragraph (c)(ii) above in payment of certain expenses of marketing or promotional activities of the Designated Fund shall not be used to pay for reimbursement of similar expenses with respect to any other Fund. The aggregate amount payable to the Distributor for distribution-related expenses by all Funds shall be allocated among the Funds pro rata in accordance with the average daily net assets of each Fund, and reimbursement of expenses for such activities and services attributable to the Funds as a whole shall be allocated to each Fund according to the method adopted by the Board of Trustees. The Distributor’s allocation of fees and other expenditures hereunder shall be subject to the annual review of the Board of Trustees.

Any agreement between the Trust and the Distributor or the Distributor and any other party referred to above shall be approved by the Board of Trustees as a related agreement under this Plan. All agreements related to this Plan (including the Distribution Agreement and each Investor Services Agreement) shall be in writing and shall provide: (A) that such agreement may be terminated at any time, without payment of any penalty, by vote of a majority of the

 
 

Independent Trustees (as defined in subparagraph (e) below) or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Designated Fund, on not more than 60 days’ written notice to any other party to the agreement, and (B) that such agreement shall terminate automatically in the event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act). The Investor Services Agreement shall require the ISO to provide the Distributor with such information as is reasonably necessary to permit the Distributor to comply with the reporting requirements set forth in paragraph 9 hereof. For purposes thereof, each Investor Services Agreement shall provide that the ISO claiming Investor Services Fees under this Plan must represent in writing in connection with the reports and information to be provided to the Distributor: (i) that it has been engaged in the requisite activities enumerated in subparagraph (c)(i) of this Plan and the respective Investor Services Agreement, and (ii) that the positions reported as representing its holdings of Shares at each of the three month ends in any quarterly period hereunder are true, accurate and complete.

 

(d)                Distribution expenses incurred in any one year in excess of 0.25% of each Fund’s average daily net assets may be reimbursed in subsequent years subject to the annual 0.25% limit and subject further to the approval of the Board of Trustees including a majority of the Trustees who are not “interested persons” of the Trust (as defined in the 1940 Act) and who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of this Plan or in any agreement related to this Plan (the “Independent Trustees”).

5.                   Effective Date . This Plan shall become effective upon approval by a vote of both a majority of the Board of Trustees and a majority of the Independent Trustees, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on this Plan.

6.                   Term . This Plan shall, unless terminated as hereinafter provided, remain in effect with respect to the Designated Fund for one year from its effective date and shall continue thereafter, provided that its continuance is specifically approved at least annually by a vote of both a majority of the Trustees and a majority of Independent Trustees, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on this Plan.

7.                   Amendment . This Plan may be amended at any time by the Board of Trustees, provided that (a) any amendment to increase materially the amount to be spent for the services provided for in paragraph 4 hereof shall be effective only upon approval by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as such term is defined in the 1940 Act) of the Designated Fund, and (b) any material amendment of this Plan shall be effective only upon approval by a vote of both a majority of the Board of Trustees and a majority of the Independent Trustees, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such amendment.

8.                   Termination . This Plan may be terminated at any time, without payment of any penalty, by vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees, or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as such term is defined in the 1940 Act) of the Designated Fund. In the event of termination or non-continuance of this Plan, the Trust may reimburse any expense which it incurred prior to such termination or non-continuance, provided that such reimbursement is specifically approved by both a majority of the Board of Trustees and a majority of the Independent Trustees.

 
 

9.                   Assignment . This plan will not be terminated by an assignment; however, an assignment will terminate any agreement under the plan involving any such assignment.

10.               Reports . While this Plan is in effect, the Distributor shall provide to the Trustees, and the Trustees shall review, at least quarterly, a written report of the amounts expended pursuant to the Plan and the purposes for which such expenditures were made.

11.               Records . The Trust shall preserve copies of this Plan, each agreement related hereto and each report referred to in paragraph 10 hereof for a period of at least six years from the date of the Plan, agreement and report, the first two years in an easily accessible place.

12.               Independent Trustees . While this Plan is in effect, the selection and nomination of Independent Trustees shall be committed to the discretion of the Trustees who are not “interested persons” of the Trust (as defined in the 1940 Act).

13.               Severability . If any provision of the Plan shall be held or made invalid by a court decision, statute, rule or otherwise, the remainder of the Plan shall not be affected thereby.

 

Plan adopted September 13, 2017

 

 
 

 

APPENDIX A

 

Designated Funds

 

Republican Policies Fund

Democratic Policies Fund

U.S. Tax Reform Fund

European Union Breakup Fund

 

 

 

Exhibit (p)(1)

 

ACTIVE WEIGHTING FUNDS ETF TRUST

CODE OF ETHICS

This Code of Ethics (the “Code”) has been adopted by Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust (the “Trust”) in compliance with Rule 17j-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “Act”) (unless specifically identified, Rule 17j-1 is referred to as the “Rule”). This Code of Ethics is intended to ensure that all acts, practices and courses of business engaged in by access persons (as defined) of the Trust reflect high standards and comply with the requirements of Section 17(j) of the Act and Rule 17j-1 thereunder. Any such access person shall not be subject to this Code if such person is subject to another organization’s code of ethics that has been approved by the Board of Trustees of the Trust.

This Code acknowledges the general principles that access persons and advisory persons (as defined below): (i) owe a fiduciary obligation to the Trust; (ii) have the duty at all times to place the interests of the Trust and their respective shareholders, if any, first; (iii) must conduct all personal securities transactions in such a manner as to avoid any actual or potential conflict of interest or abuse of an individual’s position of trust and responsibility; (iv) should not take inappropriate advantage of their positions in relation to the Trust; (v) must comply with the federal securities laws; and (vi) must safeguard nonpublic information about the Trust and their accounts, securities, instructions and interests.

I.                     Definitions

A.                  Access Person ” means any director, trustee, officer, general partner, managing member, or advisory person (as defined) of the Trust and any employee who has access to nonpublic information regarding any client’s purchase or sale of securities or nonpublic information regarding the portfolio holdings of any reportable fund (as defined in Rule 204A-1 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940), including the Trust or any affiliated mutual fund, or who is involved in making securities recommendations to clients or who has access to such recommendations that are nonpublic. For the purposes of this code, an Access Person does not include persons employed by a subsidiary of Foreside Financial Group, LLC (including, but not limited to, Foreside Compliance Services, LLC and Foreside Fund Services, LLC), Active Weighting Advisors LLC, the Trust’s investment adviser (the “Adviser”), who are subject to securities transaction reporting requirements of their employer’s Code of Ethics if that Code of Ethics complies with Rule 17j-1 under the Act and has been approved by the Board of Trustees of the Trust.

B.                  Advisory person ” means (1) any employee of the Trust (or of any company in a control relationship to the Trust) who, in connection with his or her regular functions or duties, makes, participates in, or obtains information regarding the purchase or sale of a security (as defined) by the Trust, or whose functions relate to the making of any recommendations with respect to such purchases or sales; and (2) any natural person in a control relationship to the

 
 

Trust who obtains information concerning recommendations made to the Trust with regard to the purchase or sale of a security by the Trust.

C.                  Beneficial ownership ” shall be interpreted in the same manner as it would be under Rule 16a-1(a)(2) in determining whether a person is subject to the provisions of Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the rules and regulations thereunder.

D.                  Control ” shall have the same meaning as that set forth in Section 2(a)(9) of the Act. Section 2(a)(9) provides that “ control ” generally means the power to exercise a controlling influence over the management or policies of a company, unless such power is solely the result of an official position with such company.

E.                   A “ security held or to be acquired ” means: (1) any security which, within the most recent 15 days: (a) is or has been held by the Trust; or (b) is being or has been considered by the Trust for purchase by the Trust; and (2) any option to purchase or sell, and any security convertible into or exchangeable for, a security described in clause (1) above.

F.                   An “ initial public offering ” means an offering of securities registered under the Securities Act of 1933, the issuer of which, immediately before the registration, was not subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

G.                  Investment personnel ” means: (1) any employee of the Trust (or of any company in a control relationship to the Trust) who, in connection with his or her regular functions or duties, makes or participates in making recommendations regarding the purchase or sale of securities by the Trust; and (2) any natural person who controls the Trust and who obtains information concerning recommendations made to the Trust regarding the purchase or sale of securities by the Trust.

H.                  A “ limited offering ” means an offering that is exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933 pursuant to Section 4(2) or Section 4(6) or pursuant to Rule 504, Rule 505, or Rule 506 under the Securities Act of 1933.

I.                     Purchase or sale ” for purposes of this Code and each Exhibit or other appendix hereto includes, among other things, the writing of an option to purchase or sell a security.

J.                    Reportable Security ” means a Security as defined in Section 2(a)(36) of the Act, except that it shall not include direct obligations of the Government of the United States, bankers’ acceptances, bank certificates of deposit, commercial paper and high quality short-term debt instruments, including repurchase agreements, and shares issued by registered open-end investment companies (including money market funds) except shares of the Trust or any other affiliated mutual fund, or such other securities as may be excepted under the provisions of the Rules.

II.                  Prohibitions

A.                  Generally . Rule 17j-1 under the Act makes it unlawful for any affiliated person of the Trust, or any affiliated person of the Adviser and Sub-Adviser, directly or indirectly, in connection with the purchase or sale of a security held or to be acquired by the Trust:

- 2
 

1.                   To employ any device, scheme or artifice to defraud the Trust;

2.                   To make to the Trust any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made to the Trust, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading;

3.                   To engage in any act, practice, or course of business which operates or would operate as a fraud or deceit upon the Trust; or

4.                   To engage in any manipulative practice with respect to the Trust.

It is the policy of the Advisors and the Trust that no access person shall engage in any act, practice or course of conduct that would violate the provisions of the Rules set forth above.

B.                  Initial Public Offerings and Limited Offerings . No access person or investment personnel may acquire any direct or indirect beneficial ownership in any securities in an initial public offering or in a limited offering unless the Chief Compliance Officer of the Trust has authorized the transaction in advance.

III.                Procedures

A.                  Acknowledgment of Receipt . Each person receiving a copy of this Code and any subsequent amendment thereto, must acknowledge receipt in writing on the form supplied by the Chief Compliance Officer (or his or her delegate) attached as Appendix I and must promptly return the signed form to the Chief Compliance Officer.

B.                  Reporting . In order to provide the Trust with information to enable each of them to determine with reasonable assurance whether the provisions of the Rule, as applicable, are being observed by its access persons, each access person of the Trust, other than a Trustee of the Trust who is not an “interested person” (as defined in the Act) of the Trust, shall submit the following reports in the forms attached hereto as Exhibits A-D to the Chief Compliance Officer (or his or her delegate) showing all transactions in Reportable Securities in which the person has, or by reason of such transaction acquires, any direct or indirect beneficial ownership:

1.                   Initial Holding Report . Exhibit A shall initially be filed no later than 10 days after that person becomes an Access Person and the information must be current as of a date no more than 45 days prior to the date the person becomes an access person. Each holdings report must contain with respect to each Reportable Security, at a minimum: (i) the title and type of security, and as applicable, the exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP number, number of shares, and principal amount of each Reportable Security in which the access person has any direct or indirect beneficial ownership; (ii) the name of any broker, dealer or bank with which the access person maintains an account in which any securities are held for the access person’s direct or indirect benefit; and (iii) the date the Access Person submits the report.

2.                   Quarterly Transaction Reports . Exhibits B and C shall be filed no later than 30 days after the end of each calendar quarter, but transactions over which such person had no direct or indirect influence or control need not be reported. No such periodic report needs to be made if the report would duplicate information contained in broker trade confirmations or

- 3
 

account statements received by the Trust no later than 30 days after the end of each calendar quarter and/or information contained in the Trust’s records. In addition, transactions effected pursuant to automatic reinvestment plans need not be reported. Quarterly transaction reports must be dated and contain the following information with respect to each transaction in a Reportable Security in which the access person had, or as a result of the transaction acquired, any direct or indirect beneficial ownership and/or brokerage account established by the access person in which he or she held any securities during the quarter: (i) date of the transaction, the title and as applicable the exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP number, interest date and maturity date, number of shares, and principal amount of each Reportable Security involved; (ii) nature of the transaction (i.e., purchase, sale or another type of acquisition or disposition); (iii) the price at which the transaction was effected; (iv) name of broker, dealer or bank with or through whom the transaction was effected; and (v) the date the Access Person submits the report.

3.                   Annual Holdings Report . Exhibit D must be submitted by each Access Person within 45 days after the end of each calendar year with respect to each security held and the information must be current as of a date no more than 45 days prior to the date the report was submitted. The annual holdings report shall contain the same information as the initial holdings report.

C.                  Independent Trustees . A Trustee who is not an “interested person” of the Trust shall not be required to submit the reports required under paragraph III.B, except that such a Trustee shall file a Securities Transaction Report in the form attached as Exhibit B with respect to a transaction in a Reportable Security where he or she knew at the time of the transaction or, in the ordinary course of fulfilling his or her official duties as a Trustee, should have known that during the 15 day period immediately preceding or after the date of the transaction, such security is or was purchased or sold by the Trust, or was considered for purchase or sale by the Trust. No report is required if the Trustee had no direct or indirect influence or control over the transaction.

D.                  Notification . The Chief Compliance Officer (or his or her delegate) shall notify each Access Person of the Trust who may be required to make reports pursuant to this Code that such person is subject to reporting requirements and shall deliver a copy of this Code to each such person.

IV.               Review and Enforcement

A.                  Review.

1.                   The Chief Compliance Officer of the Trust (or his or her delegate) shall from time to time review the reported personal securities transactions of access persons for compliance with the requirements of this Code.

2.                   If the Chief Compliance Officer of the Trust (or his or her delegate) determines that a violation of this Code may have occurred, before making a final determination that a material violation has been committed by an individual, the Chief Compliance Officer of the Trust (or his or her delegate) may give such person an opportunity to supply additional information regarding the transaction in question.

 

- 4
 

 

B.                  Enforcement .

1.                   If the Chief Compliance Officer of the Trust (or his or her delegate) determines that a material violation of this Code has occurred, he or she shall promptly report the violation to the Trustees of the Trust. The Trustees, with the exception of any person whose transaction is under consideration, shall take such actions as they consider appropriate, including imposition of any sanctions that they consider appropriate.

2.                   No person shall participate in a determination of whether he or she has committed a violation of this Code or in the imposition of any sanction against himself or herself. If, for example, a securities transaction of the Chief Compliance Officer of the Trust is under consideration, the President of the Trust designated for the purpose by the Trustees of the Trust shall act in all respects in the manner prescribed herein for the Chief Compliance Officer.

C.                  Certificate of Compliance. Each Access Person must certify in writing within 30 days of each year in the form attached as Appendix II that he or she has: (a) read this Code, including any amendments thereto, and understood it; (b) complied with this Code’s requirement during the past year; (c) disclosed or reported all personal securities transactions required to be disclosed or reported pursuant to the requirements of this Code and (d) reported all violations of this Code and the federal securities laws to the Chief Compliance Officer.

D.                  Reporting to Board . No less frequently than annually, the Chief Compliance Officer of the Trust shall furnish to the Trust’s Board of Trustees, and the Board must consider, a written report that:

1.                   Describes any issues arising under the Code or procedures since the last report to the Board of Trustees, including, but not limited to, information about material violations of the Code or procedures and sanctions imposed in response to the material violations; and

2.                   Certifies that the Trust have adopted procedures reasonably necessary to prevent access persons from violating the Code.

V.                  Code Provisions Applicable Only to Service Providers.

A. Code of Ethics . The provisions of Foreside Financial Group, LLC (including, but not limited to, Foreside Compliance Services, LLC, Foreside Fund Services, LLC), and AWA Weighting Advisors LLC, the Trust’s investment adviser (the “Adviser”) (collectively, the “Service Providers”) Codes of Ethics are hereby adopted as the Codes of Ethics of the Fund applicable to the respective employees of that Service Provider that also serve as officers of the Trust (a “Service Provider Employee”). A violation of a Service Provider’s Code of Ethics by such an employee of a Service Provider shall also constitute a violation of this Code of Ethics. Any amendment or revision of a Service Provider’s Code of Ethics shall be deemed to be an amendment or revision of Section V of this Code of Ethics, and any such amendment or revision shall be promptly furnished to the Board of Trustees of the Trust.

- 5
 

B. Reports . Service Provider Employees shall file the reports required by their respective employer’s Code of Ethics. Such filings shall be deemed to be filings with the Trust under this Code of Ethics, and shall at all times be available to the Trust.

C. Annual Issues and Certification Report . At periodic intervals established by the Board of Trustees of the Trust, but no less frequently than annually, the Compliance Officer of each Service Provider shall provide a written report to the Board of Trustees of the Trust of all issues involving its Service Provider Employees under that Service Provider’s Code of Ethics during such period including, but not limited to, information about material code or procedure violations and sanctions imposed in response to those material violations. Additionally, each Service Provider will provide the Board of Trustees of the Trust a written certification which certifies to the Board of Trustee of the Trust that the Service Provider has adopted procedures reasonably necessary to prevent its access persons from violating its code of ethics.

 

VI.               Records

The Trust shall maintain records in the manner and to the extent set forth below, which records shall be available for appropriate examination by representatives of the Securities and Exchange Commission.

· A copy of this Code and any other code of ethics which is, or at any time within the past five years has been, in effect shall be preserved in an easily accessible place;
· A record of any violation of this Code and of any action taken as a result of such violation shall be preserved in an easily accessible place for a period of not less than five years following the end of the fiscal year in which the violation occurs;
· A copy of each report made pursuant to this Code by an access person, including any information provided in lieu of reports, shall be preserved by the Chief Compliance Officer of the Trust for a period of not less than five years from the end of the fiscal year in which it is made, the first two years in an easily accessible place;
· A list of all persons who are, or within the past five years have been, required to make reports pursuant to this Code, or who are or were responsible for reviewing these reports, shall be maintained in an easily accessible place;
· A record of any decision, and the reasons supporting the decision, to approve the acquisition of securities by access persons, for at least five years after the end of the fiscal year in which the approval is granted;
· A copy of each report made pursuant to Section IV.D of this Code shall be preserved by the Chief Compliance Officer of the Trust for at least five years after the end of the fiscal year in which it is made, the first two years in an easily accessible place; and
· The Chief Compliance Officer of the Trust shall preserve a record of any decision, and the reasons supporting the decision, to approve the acquisition by investment personnel
- 6
 

of securities under Section II.B of this Code for at least five years after the end of the fiscal year in which the approval is granted, the first two years in an easily accessible place.

 

VII.             Miscellaneous

A.                  Confidentiality . All reports of securities transactions and any other information filed with the Trust pursuant to this Code shall be treated as confidential, except as regards appropriate examinations by representatives of the Securities and Exchange Commission.

B.                  Amendment; Interpretation of Provisions . The Board of Trustees may from time to time amend this Code or adopt such interpretations of this Code as they deem appropriate.

- 7
 

ANNUAL CERTIFICATION

The undersigned hereby certifies on behalf of the Trust pursuant to Section IV.D(2) of the Code of Ethics of the Trust, that the Trust has adopted procedures that are reasonably necessary to prevent Access Persons from violating the Code of Ethics.

Date:                            
   
                                                                            
 

Chief Compliance Officer

Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust

 

- 8
 

Appendix I

WRITTEN ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF CODE OF ETHICS

To the Chief Compliance Officer:

The undersigned hereby acknowledges receipt of the Code of Ethics of Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust and any current amendment thereto.

Date:                        

  By:    
    Name:
    Title:

 

 
 

Appendix II

ANNUAL COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATION

To the Chief Compliance Officer:

The undersigned hereby certifies that he or she has:

(a) read this Code of Ethics, including any amendments thereto, and understood it;
(b) complied with this Code’s requirement during the past year;
(c) disclosed or reported all personal securities transactions required to be disclosed or reported pursuant to the requirements of this Code; and
(d) reported all violations of this Code and the federal securities laws to the Chief Compliance Officer.

Date:                        

  By:  
    Name:
    Title:
II- 1
 

EXHIBIT A

INITIAL HOLDINGS REPORT

To the Chief Compliance Officer:

As of the below date, I held the following position in these securities in which I may be deemed to have a direct or indirect beneficial ownership, and which are required to be reported pursuant to the Code of Ethics of Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust:

Title and Type Security

Symbol or CUSIP No.

No. of Shares

Principal Amount

Broker/Dealer or Bank Where Account is Held

         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         

 

This report (i) excludes holdings with respect to which I had no direct or indirect influence or control, and (ii) is not an admission that I have or had any direct or indirect beneficial ownership in the securities listed above.

Date:                                 Signature:                                
 
Exh.A- 1
 

EXHIBIT B

SECURITIES TRANSACTION REPORT

For the Calendar Quarter Ended ____________________

To the Chief Compliance Officer:

During the quarter referred to above, the following transactions were effected in securities in which I may be deemed to have had, or by reason of such transaction acquired, direct or indirect beneficial ownership, and which are required to be reported pursuant to the Code of Ethics of Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust:

Security (including interest rate and maturity date, if any) Symbol or CUSIP Number Date of Transaction No. of Shares Principal Amount of Transaction Nature of Transaction (Purchase, Sale, Other) Price Broker/ Dealer or Bank Through Whom Effected
               
               
               
               
               
               
               

 

This report (i) excludes transactions with respect to which I had no direct or indirect influence or control, (ii) excludes transactions effected pursuant to an automatic investment plan, and (iii) is not an admission that I have or had any direct or indirect beneficial ownership in the securities listed above.

Date:                                 Signature:                                

 

Exh.B- 1
 

EXHIBIT C

ACCOUNT ESTABLISHMENT REPORT

For the Calendar Quarter Ended _________________

To the Chief Compliance Officer:

During the quarter referred to above, the following accounts were established for securities in which I may be deemed to have a direct or indirect beneficial ownership, and is required to be reported pursuant to the Code of Ethics of Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust:

Broker/Dealer or Bank Where
Account Was Established

Date Account Was Established

   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   

 

Date:                                 Signature:                                
 
Exh.C- 1
 

EXHIBIT D

ANNUAL HOLDINGS REPORT

To the Chief Compliance Officer:

As of December 31, ____, I held the following positions in securities in which I may be deemed to have a direct or indirect beneficial ownership, and which are required to be reported pursuant to the Code of Ethics of Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust:

Title and Type of Security

Symbol or CUSIP No.

No. of Shares

Principal Amount

Broker/Dealer or Bank Where Account is Held

         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         

 

This report excludes holdings with respect to which I had no direct or indirect influence or control and is not an admission that I have or had any direct or indirect beneficial ownership in the securities listed above.

Date:                                 Signature:                                

 

Exh.D- 1

Exhibit (p)(2)

 

ACTIVE WEIGHTING ADVISORS LLC

1. CODE OF ETHICS

1.1.             Introduction

Pursuant to rules established by the SEC, it is unlawful for certain persons of AWA, in connection with the purchase or sale by such persons of securities held or to be acquired by a Client account:

The SEC’s rules also require investment advisers and registered investment companies to adopt a written code of ethics containing provisions, among others, that are reasonably necessary to prevent certain persons from engaging in acts in violation of the above standard.

 

Consistent with the SEC’s rules, AWA has adopted this Code of Ethics (the “Code”). The Code embodies AWA’s desire to operate at all times in conformity with applicable Federal Securities Laws 1 and state laws, as applicable, and to conduct its business in the highest ethical and professional manner. Further, the Code includes AWA’s fiduciary relationship to its clients, including, among other responsibilities: a duty to act in good faith in the best interest of Clients; to make full and fair disclosure of all material facts, including potential conflicts of interest; to manage any conflicts of interest fairly in accordance with AWA’s policies and procedures; and to keep Client information confidential. And the Code sets forth detailed policies and procedures that Access Persons (as defined below) of the Adviser must follow with regard to, among other things, their personal investing activities.

 

All Access Persons are required to comply with the Code.

 


1 “Federal Securities Laws” means: the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (“Sarbanes-Oxley”), the Investment Company Act, as amended (“1940 Act”), the Investment Advisers Act, as amended (the “Advisers Act”), Title V of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, any rules adopted by the SEC under any of these statutes, the Bank Secrecy Act as it applies to funds and investment advisers, and any rules adopted thereunder by the SEC or the Department of the Treasury.

1  
 

The Code is intended to serve as the minimum standard of conduct for all employees of AWA and other Access Persons. Each Access Person must comply with applicable Federal and state securities laws, and avoid any activity or relationship that may result in a possible, impermissible conflict of interest; the appearance of such a conflict; the improper use of confidential information; or the appearance of any impropriety.

This Code is designed, among other things, to detect and prevent conflicts of interest between Access Persons and Clients that may arise due to personal investing activities. AWA has also established separate procedures designed to detect and prevent insider trading, which are included in this Compliance Manual and which should be read together with this Code.

As fiduciaries, Access Persons must at all times comply with the following principles.

Client Interests Come First. Access Persons must scrupulously avoid serving their own personal interests ahead of the interests of Clients. If an Access Person puts his/her own personal interests ahead of a Client’s, or violates the law in any way, he/she will be subject to disciplinary action, even if he/she is in technical compliance with the Code.
Avoid Taking Advantage. Access Persons may not make personal investment decisions based on their knowledge of Client holdings or transactions. The most common example of this is “front running,” or knowingly engaging in a personal transaction ahead of a Client with the expectation that the Client’s transaction will cause a favorable move in the market. This prohibition applies whether an Access Person’s transaction is in the same direction as the transaction placed on behalf of a Client (for example, two purchases) or the opposite direction (a purchase and sale).

If you are uncertain whether a real or apparent conflict exists in any particular situation, you should consult with the CCO immediately.

Personal investing activities of Access Persons may create conflicts of interests that may compromise fiduciary duties to Clients. As a result, Access Persons must avoid any transaction that involves, or even appears to involve, a conflict of interest, diversion of a Client investment opportunity or other impropriety with respect to dealing with a Client or acting on behalf of a Client. The Code sets forth detailed policies and procedures that Access Persons must follow with regard to their personal investing activities. All Access Persons are required to comply with the Code.

1.2.             Who is Subject to the Code?

All Access Persons are subject to the Code. For the purposes of this Code, “Access Person” is defined as:

all AWA employees;
all AWA partners, officers or directors (or other person occupying a similar status or performing similar functions); and
any other person who provides investment advice on behalf of AWA and is subject to the supervision and control of AWA.
2  
 

1.3.             What Types of Investments are Subject to the Code?

This Code requires that information about an Access Person’s investments in certain securities be reported to the CCO.

For purposes of this Code, the term “Security” means any note, stock, treasury stock, security future, bond, debenture, evidence of indebtedness, certificate of interest or participation in any profit-sharing agreement, collateral-trust certificate, preorganization certificate or subscription, transferable share, investment contract, voting-trust certificate, certificate of deposit for a security, fractional undivided interest in oil, gas, or other mineral rights, any put, call, straddle, option, or privilege on any security (including a certificate of deposit) or on any group or index of securities (including any interest therein or based on the value thereof), or any put, call, straddle, option, or privilege entered into on a national securities exchange relating to foreign currency, or, in general, any interest or instrument commonly known as a “security”, or any certificate of interest or participation in, temporary or interim certificate for, receipt for, guaranty of, or warrant or right to subscribe to or purchase any of the foregoing.

 

For purposes of this Code, the term “Reportable Security” means any Security except for the following.

Direct obligations of the U.S. government;
Bankers’ acceptances, bank certificates of deposit, commercial paper and high quality short-term debt instruments, including repurchase agreements;
Shares of money market funds;
Shares issued by open-end investment companies registered under the  Investment Company Act other than (1) such registered investment companies for which AWA serves as an adviser or sub-adviser (or whose investment adviser or principal underwriter Controls AWA, is Controlled by AWA, or is under common Control with AWA) and (2) exchange traded funds; or
Shares issued by unit investment trusts that are invested exclusively in one or more open-end investment companies registered under the Investment Company Act , and for which AWA does not serve as an adviser or sub-adviser (and whose investment adviser or principal underwriter does not Control AWA, is not Controlled by AWA, and is not under common Control with AWA).

 

For purposes of this Code, the term “Reportable Fund” 2 means any fund registered under the Investment Company Act for which AWA serves as an investment adviser or whose investment adviser or principal underwriter Controls 3 AWA, is Controlled by AWA, or is under common Control with AWA.


2 See Exhibit J for a listing of Reportable Funds.

3 “Control,” in this Code, means the power to exercise a controlling influence over the management or policies of a company, unless such power is solely the result of an official position with such company. ( Any person who owns beneficially, either directly or through one or more controlled companies, more than 25 per centum of the voting securities of a company shall be presumed to control such company.)

3  
 

1.4.             What Types of Accounts are Subject to the Code?

Covered Accounts are subject to the Code. “Covered Accounts” include all accounts in which a Security may be held--whether at a broker/dealer, transfer agent, investment advisory firm or other financial services firm--in which an Access Person has Beneficial Ownership 4 or over which an Access Person has investment discretion or other control or influence. A Covered Account includes the accounts of certain immediate family members 5 sharing the same household as the Access Person. Restrictions placed on transactions executed within a Covered Account also pertain to investments held outside of an account of which an Access Person has physical control, such as a stock certificate. 6

1.5.             What are the Restrictions on Trading?

1.5.1. Pre-clearance Requirements

Access Persons must obtain prior written approval before acquiring directly or indirectly Beneficial Ownership (through purchase 7 or otherwise) of:

a security in an initial public offering (“IPO”);
a security in a limited offering (such as a private placement, in a hedge fund or private equity fund);
shares of the Funds; or

4 “Beneficial Ownership” in an account, in this Code, includes any direct or indirect financial interest in an account. It includes, but is not limited to, a Reportable Security in which an Access Person--directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise--has or shares a pecuniary interest.  A “pecuniary interest” means the opportunity, directly or indirectly, to profit or share in any profit derived from a transaction in the security.   An Access Person’s Beneficial Ownership shall include , but not be limited to, Reportable Securities held by members of his/her “immediate family” (defined in following footnote) sharing the same household as the Access Person.

5 “Immediate family” includes the following sharing the same household: child, stepchild, grandchild,  parent , stepparent, grandparent, spouse, sibling, mother-in-law, father-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law, or sister-in-law, and shall include adoptive relationships.

6 Covered Accounts also include accounts for which an Access Person has power of attorney, serves as executor, trustee or custodian, and corporate or investment club accounts.

7 “Purchases” and “sales” in this context do not include:

Purchases or sales which are non-volitional on the part of either the Access Person, including purchases or sales upon exercise of puts or calls written by the Access Person and sales from a margin account pursuant to a bona fide margin call.
Purchases that are part of an automatic dividend reinvestment plan.
Purchases effected upon the exercise of rights issued by an issuer pro rata to all holders of a class of its securities, to the extent such rights were acquired from such issuer.
4  
 
a Reportable Security, in a transaction amount of $10,000 or more. (This $10,000 pre-clearance requirement will not apply to transactions through which Beneficial Ownership is due to a direct family member residing in the same household as the Access Person.)

Access Persons must obtain prior written approval before selling 8 directly or indirectly Beneficial Ownership of

any shares of the Funds; or
a Reportable Security, in a transaction amount of $10,000 or more. (This $10,000 pre-clearance requirement will not apply to transactions through which Beneficial Ownership is due to a direct family member residing in the same household as the Access Person.).

 

See Exhibit F for the Pre-Clearance Form to be used to obtain permission to sell/purchase Reportable Securities and Exhibit G for the Pre-Clearance Form to be used to obtain permission to make investments in private placements or IPOs.

1.6.             Reporting and Certification Requirements

1.6.1. Initial Holdings Report and Certification

Within 10 days after designation as an Access Person, each Access Person must certify in writing that they have received the Code, have read and understands the Code, and that they will comply with its requirements (See Exhibit H). Further, the Access Person must also report, at that time, all personal investment holdings in Reportable Securities and any Covered Accounts (Please see Exhibit I for the required disclosures). Information disclosed may be no more than 45 days old at the time of disclosure. Access Persons are only required to report holdings in Reportable Securities as defined in the Code.

 

 

1.6.2. Ongoing Reporting Regarding Covered Accounts

Access Persons must notify the CCO within 10 business days from the time any Covered Account is opened and immediately upon making or being notified of a change in ownership or account number. The notification must be submitted in writing to the CCO and include the broker name, name of the account, the date the account was opened, account number (if new account) or, if the account number changed, the old number and new number and the effective date of the change.


8 See footnote 7.

5  
 
1.6.3. Quarterly Transactions Report for Access Persons

All Access Persons shall submit to the CCO, within 30 business days after quarter end (no exception for months with 31 days), a report of all transactions in Reportable Securities during the previous quarter. The report shall state the transaction date, security’s title—as applicable, ticker, CUSIP, interest rate and maturity date, number of shares, and principal amount of each security involved--the nature of the transaction (i.e., purchase, sale or any other type of acquisition or disposition) ; the price at which the transaction was effected; and the name of the broker, dealer or bank with or through whom the transaction was effected. The report shall also include the date it was submitted by the Access Person. See Exhibit K for the Quarterly Transaction Reporting Form. Note: The CEO will review the reports for the CCO (and the CCO will review reports for any designee appointed to review such reports).

Exceptions

Access Persons are not required to submit transaction reports for trades effected pursuant to an automatic investment plan.

 

1.6.4. Annual Certification for Access Persons

Annually, Access Persons must certify that they have read and understand the Code, that they have complied with its requirements during the preceding year, and that they have disclosed or reported all personal securities transactions/holdings required to be disclosed or reported (see Exhibit H). Access Persons must also disclose all Reportable Securities and Covered Accounts on an annual basis. Please see Exhibit I for the required disclosures. Information disclosed must be current as of a date no more than 45 days before the report is submitted. The annual certification must be submitted to AWA’s CCO within 30 days of the calendar year end.

The CEO of AWA will review the reports for the CCO (and the CCO will review reports for any designee appointed to review such reports).

Access Persons are only required to submit an annual holdings report relating to Reportable Securities as defined in the “What Types of Investments are Subject to the Code?” section of this Code.

1.7.             Administration and Enforcement

 

1.7.1. Determination of Persons Covered by Code

The CCO for AWA will determine who is covered by this Code and will provide each such person with a copy of the Code and any amendments thereto, which will be acknowledged by such person via the certification at Exhibit H .

1.7.2. Review of Personal Trading Information

All information regarding an Access Person’s personal investment transactions, including the reports required by this Code, will be reviewed by the AWA’s CCO. The CEO of AWA will review the reports for the CCO. Each Access Person acknowledges that the CCO (or the CCO’s

6  
 

designee for such purposes) is permitted to review information, including account statements and trade confirmations, from brokerage firms, retirement plan administrators and other financial intermediaries, relating to the securities held by the Access Person.

1.8.             Annual Review/Report

The CCO will review the Code at least annually in light of legal and business developments and experience in implementing the Code. The CCO will provide an annual report to the Trust’s Board of Trustees that: (i) describes issues that arose during the previous year under the Code, including, but not limited to, information about material Code violations and sanctions imposed in response to those material violations; (ii) recommends changes in existing restrictions or procedures based on the experience implementing the Code, evolving industry practices or developments in applicable laws or regulations; (iii) and certifies to the Board that procedures have been adopted that are designed to prevent Access Persons from violating the Code.

 

1.9.             Reporting Violations

Upon discovering any violation of this Code, an Access Person shall immediately report such violation to the CCO. The CCO will be responsible for investigating such violations.

 

1.10.         Sanctions and Remedies

If the CCO determines that an Access Person has violated the Code, the CCO may impose sanctions and other appropriate actions, including issuing a letter of education, suspending or limiting personal trading activities, imposing a fine, recommending a suspension or termination of employment of an Access Person and/or informing regulators, as the situation warrants. As part of any sanction, the CCO may require the violator to reverse the trade(s) in question and forfeit any profit or absorb any loss from the trade. Any money forfeited pursuant to this section will be donated to a charity selected by the CCO.

1.11.         Exemption Procedures

The CCO may grant exemptions from the requirements in this Code in appropriate circumstances. The CCO shall consider such exemptions upon written request by an Access Person stating the basis for requested relief, and document in writing the reason for such an exemption. The CCO’s decision is within his or her sole discretion.

1.12.         Questions and Exceptions

Any questions regarding this Code should be discussed with the CCO.

The Adviser’s soft dollar arrangements are disclosed in the Brochure, or otherwise disclosed to Clients if a Brochure is not produced (i.e., for Registered Investment Company clients).

7  
 

Exhibit F - Reportable Securities Purchase/Sale Pre-Clearance Request Form

TO: AWA Chief Compliance Officer

FROM:                                                  

DATE:                          

As provided in AWA’s Code of Ethics, if an Access Person wants to purchase or sell (1) shares of the Funds or (2) a Reportable Security in a transaction amount of $10,000 or more, he/she must complete this form and obtain the required approvals prior to the transaction.

An Access Person may not purchase or sell such security until he/she receives written permission from the Chief Compliance Officer (i.e., an approval e-mail), which will remain effective for three business days following the CCO’s approval of this request. Oral discussions do not constitute approval under any circumstances.

 

INVESTMENT INFORMATION:

Name of Issuer, Ticker Symbol and CUSIP: _________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

 

Purchase or Sale: _____________________________

 

Principal amount of transaction: ____________ # of shares/units: __________

 

Equity or debt or other? _________________________________

 

To the best of my knowledge, the information provided above is accurate and I am not predicating this transaction on the basis of having obtained any material non-public information, and, the transaction is being executed without the knowledge of the placement or potential placement of any relevant in kind creation/redemption transaction with Fund.

I will notify the Chief Compliance Officer immediately of any material changes to the information provided above.

 

Name: __________________________ Signature: __________________________

(Please Print)

Date: _______________

 

CCO Approval: __________________________ Date: __________________________

 
 

Exhibit G - IPO and Limited Offering Pre-Clearance Request Form

 

TO: AWA Chief Compliance Officer

 

FROM:

 

DATE:

 

As provided in the Code of Ethics, if an Access Person wants to participate in an IPO of a security, a private placement or a limited partnership, he/she must complete this form and obtain the required approvals prior to investing. An Access Person may not participate in any IPO, private placement or limited partnership until he/she receives written permission from the Chief Compliance Officer. Oral discussions do not constitute approval under any circumstances.

 

INVESTMENT INFORMATION:

 

1. Name of proposed investment: ___________________

Date of investment: ____________

 

2. Nature of investment: ________________________________________________________

 

3. Amount to be invested: ____________ # of shares: ________

% ownership: _____________

 

4. Describe terms of investment:

 

Equity or debt? __________ Open-ended or specific maturity date? ___________

 

Further investment contemplated? _____________ Amount? _______________

 

 
 

5. Was this investment offered to you due to your affiliation with AWA or the Trust? _________________________________________________________________________

 

6. Do you have a position as officer of the company or other duties in connection with the investment? _______________________________________________________

 

7. Do you give investment advice to the company or any affiliate of the company? If so, please describe: ____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

 

8. Are you informed or consulted about investments made by the company?

 

Describe: _____________________________________________________________________________

 

9. How frequently will you receive statements/communications regarding the investment?

_____________________________________________________________________________

 

10. Is the company privately/publicly held?

____________________________________________________________________________

 

11. If privately held, are you aware of any plan to bring the company public?

_____________________________________________________________________________

 

12. Have you informed the company that you are a “restricted person” in the event of an IPO of securities?

______________________________________________________________________________

 

13. Describe any connection(s) between the investment and AWA or the Trust:

_____________________________________________________________________________

 

 
 

14. To your knowledge, are there any clients of AWA for whom this is an appropriate investment?

____________________________________________________________________________

 

15. Describe any client connections to this investment:

____________________________________________________________________________

 

16. Are you aware of any conflict between your duties at AWA or Trust and this investment?

_____________________________________________________________________________

 

Please attach any relevant reports/statements you can provide which describe this investment.

 

To the best of my knowledge, the information provided above is accurate. I will notify the Chief Compliance Officer immediately of any material changes to the information provided above.

 

 

Name: __________________________

(Please Print)

 

Signature: _______________________

 

Date: ___________________________

 

 

 

CCO Approval: __________________________

Date: __________________________

 

 

 
 

 

Exhibit H - CODE OF ETHICS

ACCESS PERSON ACKNOWLEDGMENT

 

I hereby acknowledge receipt of a copy of the Code of Ethics (the “Code”) for Active Weighting Advisors L.L.C. (“AWA”), which I have read and understand fully. I agree to comply fully with all provisions of the Code, during the period of my employment with AWA, to the extent that such provisions apply to me. I further understand and acknowledge that any violation of the Code, including engaging in a prohibited transaction or the failure to file reports, may subject me to disciplinary action including, potentially, termination of employment.

I hereby represent to AWA that the information that I have provided, as required by this Code, is a true, accurate, and complete list of all of my brokerage and trading accounts, and private placement holdings, specifying in reasonable detail all such accounts, with whom they are held, and the holdings and other investments, direct or indirect, of such accounts.

I further agree that I will promptly, but in any event, within ten days, give written notice to the Chief Compliance Officer of AWA of any changes to the information that I have provided so that such information is at all times true, accurate, and complete. I further agree to provide monthly securities transactions confirmations and statements (or on a quarterly basis when monthly statements and confirmations are unavailable) to AWA.

 

I have fully read the Code. I agree to be bound by the terms and conditions outlined in it.

 

 

                                                     

Signed

                                                      

Name

 

 

                                                            

Dated

 
 

Exhibit I - BROKERAGE ACCOUNT & COVERED SECURITIES HOLDINGS REPORT

INITIAL AND ANNUAL DISCLOSURE FORM FOR ACCESS PERSONS

 

PART I – DISCLOSURE OF EMPLOYEE ACCOUNTS

☐ I do not maintain any Covered Accounts as defined in the Code of Ethics for AWA.

Below is a list of all my Covered Accounts as defined in the Code.

Check all that apply as to the Account Type:

☐ (a) Direct Brokerage Account

☐ (b) Trust Account

☐ (c) Employee Stock Plan (“ESOP”), 401(k) Plans, private placement or similar product that cannot be transferred to a brokerage account

☐ (d) Other. Please explain_________________________________________________________

 

Name and address of Financial Institution (broker-dealer, bank, ESOP, 401(k) plan sponsors, etc.) Account Name (indicate [1] if any of the accounts are individually or jointly held) and [2] relationship to Access Person [i.e., self, spouse, other Family Member (specify), etc.]) Account Type from Above: (a), (b), (c) or (d) Account Number Attaching Account Statements Attached to Holdings Report in Lieu of Detailing Individual Securities Holdings for Account? (Y/N)
         
         
         
         
         
         
         

 

 
 

PART II – DISCLOSURE OF COVERED SECURITIES HOLDINGS

ÿ I do not maintain, have direct or indirect (including via any immediate family members 9 ) Beneficial Ownership 10 of any Reportable Securities.

 

Below is an inventory of all Reportable Securities holdings for which I have direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership.

 

Note - To the extent that such holdings may be detailed on account statements, in lieu of completing the table immediately below for any such securities, you may attach a copy of the most recent statement (not more than 45 days old). Please indicate such accounts for which statements are attached in the table above.

 

 

Title Type of Security Ticker Symbol and CUSIP Number of Shares Principal Amount Broker-Dealer or Bank
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           

 

 

 

Signature:                                Print Name:                                  Date:                               
 

9 “Immediate family” includes the following sharing the same household: child, stepchild, grandchild,  parent , stepparent, grandparent, spouse, sibling, mother-in-law, father-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law, or sister-in-law, and shall include adoptive relationships.

10 “Beneficial Ownership” in an account, in this Code, includes any direct or indirect financial interest in an account. It includes, but is not limited to, a Reportable Security in which an Access Person--directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise--has or shares a pecuniary interest.  A “pecuniary interest” means the opportunity, directly or indirectly, to profit or share in any profit derived from a transaction in the security.   An Access Person’s Beneficial Ownership shall include , but not be limited to, Reportable Securities held by members of his/her “immediate family” (defined in preceding footnote) sharing the same household as the Access Person

 
 

 

 

 

Exhibit J - LIST OF FUNDS FOR WHICH AWA

SERVES AS ADVISER OR SUB-ADVISER

(“Reportable Funds”)

 

 

 

ETF Trust Fund Name Fund Ticker Symbol Inception Date
Republican Policies Fund GOP TBD
Democratic Policies Fund DEMS TBD
U.S. Tax Reform Fund TAXR TBD
European Union Breakup Fund EXIT TBD

 

 
 

Exhibit K

Quarterly Report of Personal Securities Transactions

For the Quarter Ended:____________

 

Each Access Person of Active Weighting Advisors L.L.C. must report within 30 days of the end of each calendar quarter any Reportable Securities transactions in which the employee, or a member of their immediate family, 11 has a direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership 12 for accounts over which the employee, or a member of their immediate family, has direct or indirect influence or control. (Note: Access Persons are not required to submit transaction reports for trades effected pursuant to an automatic investment plan.)

 

Reportable Securities include all securities except for:

 

1) Direct obligations of the U.S. government;
2) Bankers’ acceptances, bank certificates of deposit, commercial paper and high quality short-term debt instruments, including repurchase agreements;
3) Shares of money market funds;
4) Shares issued by open-end registered investment companies (excluding exchange traded funds and other registered investment companies for which AWA serves as an adviser or sub-adviser); or
5) Shares issued by unit investment trusts that are invested exclusively in one or more open-end investment companies, none of which are registered investment companies for which AWA serves as an adviser or sub-adviser.

 

_______ NO, I certify that I have no transactions in Reportable Securities to report for the calendar quarter listed above.

 

_______ YES, I have transactions in Reportable Securities for the calendar quarter listed above and are reporting them in the following manner: (check those that apply)

 

___ the attached report (complete Table 1 below)

 

AND / OR

 


11 “Immediate family” includes the following sharing the same household: child, stepchild, grandchild,  parent , stepparent, grandparent, spouse, sibling, mother-in-law, father-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law, or sister-in-law, and shall include adoptive relationships.

12 “Beneficial Ownership” in an account, in this Code, includes any direct or indirect financial interest in an account. It includes, but is not limited to, a Reportable Security in which an Access Person--directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise--has or shares a pecuniary interest.  A “pecuniary interest” means the opportunity, directly or indirectly, to profit or share in any profit derived from a transaction in the security.   An Access Person’s Beneficial Ownership shall include , but not be limited to, Reportable Securities held by members of his/her “immediate family” (defined in preceding footnote) sharing the same household as the Access Person.

 
 

___ the attached monthly/quarterly account statements (complete Table 2 below)

 

Table 1 – if not attaching account statements

Trade Date CUSIP and Ticker Title & Type Of Security

Buy

Or

Sell

No. Of Shs. & Prin. Amt. Price

Int. Rate/

Maturity Date (if applies)

B/D Or Bank Name

IPO, Private Placement or AWA-managed Fund (if

applies)

                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 

 

 
 

 

Table 2 - attached monthly/quarterly account statements

Name of Financial Institution (broker-dealer, bank, ESOP, 401(k) plan sponsors, etc.) Account Name (indicate [1] if any of the accounts are individually or jointly held) and [2] relationship to Access Person [i.e., self, spouse, immediate family member living in same household, etc.]) Account Number
     
     
     
     
     
     
     

 

 

This Report must be signed, dated and returned to the Chief Compliance Officer by: ____________.

 

______________________________ _________________________
Employee Signature Date

 

Received by CCO on:  __________ Reviewed by CCO on:  __________  

 

 

 

 

 


Exhibit (p)(3)


 

Code of ethics

     
     


Code of ethics

INTRODUCTION 1
1 . STANDARDS OF PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT 2
    (a) Fiduciary Duties 2
    (b) Compliance with Laws 2
    (c) Corporate Culture 2
    (d) Professional Misconduct 3
    (e) Disclosure of Conflicts 3
    (f) Undue Influence 3
    (g) Confidentiality and Protection of Material Nonpublic Information 3
    (h) Personal Securities Transactions 4
    (i) Gifts 4
    (j) Service on Boards 4
    (k) Prohibition Against Market Timing 4
2 . WHO IS COVERED BY THIS CODE 4
3 . PROHIBITED TRANSACTIONS 5
    (a) Blackout Period 5
    (b) Requirement for Pre-clearance 5
    (c) Fund Officer Prohibition 5
4 . REPORTING REQUIREMENTS OF ACCESS PERSONS 6
    (a) Reporting 6
    (b) Exceptions from Reporting Requirement of Section 4 6
    (c) Initial Holdings Reports 6
    (d) Quarterly Transaction Reports 6
    (e) New Account Opening; Quarterly New Account Report 7
    (f) Annual Holdings Reports 7
    (g) Alternative Reporting 7
    (h) Report Qualification 8
    (i) Providing Access to Account Information 8
    (j) Confidentiality of Reports 8
5 . ACKNOWLEDGMENT AND CERTIFICATION OF COMPLIANCE 8
6 . REPORTING VIOLATIONS 9
7 . TRAINING 9
8 . REVIEW OFFICER 9
    (a) Duties of Review Officer 9

 

    i  
     

    (b) Potential Trade Conflict 10
    (c) Required Records 10
    (d) Post-Trade Review Process 11
    (e) Submission to Fund Board 11
    (f) Report to the Risk Committee 12
  Appendix A - Foreside Companies 13
  Appendix B - Definitions 14
  Attachment A – Access Person Acknowledgement 16
  Attachment B – Pre-Clearance Request Form 17

 

    ii  
     

INTRODUCTION

This Code of Ethics (the “Code”) has been adopted by Foreside Financial Group, LLC (“Foreside”) and each of its affiliated entities and direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries as listed in Appendix A (each, a “Company” and collectively, the “Companies”). This Code pertains to the Companies’ distribution services to registered management investment companies or series thereof, as well as those funds for which certain employees of the Companies (or an affiliate thereof) serve as an officer or director of a registered investment company (“Fund Officer”) or have been designated an Access Person by the Review Officer 1 (each a “Fund” and as set forth in the List of Access Persons & Reportable Funds). This Code:

1. establishes standards of professional conduct;
2. establishes standards and procedures for the detection and prevention of activities by which persons having knowledge of the investments and investment intentions of a Fund may abuse their fiduciary duties to the Fund; and
3. addresses other types of conflict of interest situations.

Definitions of underlined terms are included in Appendix B.

Each Company, through its President, may impose internal sanctions should Access Persons of any Company (as identified on the List of Access Persons & Reportable Funds maintained by the Review Officer) violate these policies or procedures. A registered broker-dealer and its personnel may be subject to various regulatory sanctions, including censure, suspension, fines, expulsion or revocation of registration for violations of securities rules, industry regulations and the Company’s internal policies and procedures. In addition, negative publicity associated with regulatory investigations and private lawsuits can negatively impact and severely damage business reputation.

Furthermore, failure to comply with this Code is a very serious matter and may result in internal disciplinary action being taken. Such action may include, among other things, warnings, reprimands, restrictions on activities and/or suspension or termination of employment. Violations also may result in referral to regulatory, civil or criminal authorities where appropriate.

Should Access Persons require additional information about this Code or have ethics-related questions, please contact the Review Officer, as defined under Section 8 below, directly.

 

1 Each Company is adopting this Code pursuant to Rule 17j-1 with respect to certain funds that it distributes or for which an employee of the Company serves as a Fund Officer or has been designated as an Access Person. Pursuant to the exception noted under Rule 17j-1(c)(3), adopting and approving a Rule 17j-1 code of ethics with respect to a Fund, as well as the Code’s administration, by a principal underwriter is not required unless:

Ø the principal underwriter is an affiliated person of the Fund or of the Fund’s adviser, or
Ø an officer, director or general partner of the principal underwriter serves as an officer, director or general partner of the Fund or of the Fund’s investment adviser.

A Fund Officer is permitted to report as an Access Person under this Code with respect to the Funds listed on the List of Access Persons & Reportable Funds maintained by the Review Officer.

  1    
     

1. STANDARDS OF PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT

Each Company forbids any Access Person from engaging in any conduct that is contrary to this Code. Furthermore, certain persons subject to the Code are also subject to other restrictions or requirements that affect their ability to open securities accounts, effect securities transactions, report securities transactions, maintain information and documents in a confidential manner and other matters relating to the proper discharge of their obligations to the Company or to a Fund.

Each Company has always held itself and its employees to the highest ethical standards. Although this Code is only one manifestation of those standards, compliance with its provisions is essential. Each Company adheres to the following standards of professional conduct, as well as those specific policies and procedures discussed throughout this Code:

(a) Fiduciary Duties . Each Company and its Access Persons are fiduciaries and at all times shall:

Ø act solely for the benefit of the Funds; and
Ø place each Fund’s interests above their own.

(b) Compliance with Laws . Access Persons shall maintain knowledge of and comply with all applicable federal and state securities laws, rules and regulations, and shall not knowingly participate or assist in any violation of such laws, rules or regulations.

It is unlawful for Access Persons to use any information concerning a security held or to be acquired by a Fund, or their ability to influence any investment decisions, for personal gain or in a manner detrimental to the interests of a Fund.

Access Persons shall not, directly or indirectly, in connection with the trading of a Fund’s shares or the purchase or sale of a security held or to be acquired by a Fund for which they are an Access Person:

(i) employ any device, scheme or artifice to defraud a Fund or engage in any manipulative practice with respect to a Fund;
(ii) make to a Fund any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state to a Fund a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading;
(iii) engage in any act, practice, or course of business that operates or would operate as a fraud or deceit upon a Fund; or
(iv) engage in any manipulative practice with respect to securities, including price manipulation.

 

(c) Corporate Culture . Access Persons, through their words and actions, shall act with integrity, encourage honest and ethical conduct and adhere to a high standard of business ethics.

  2    
     

(d) Professional Misconduct . Access Persons shall not engage in any professional conduct involving dishonesty, fraud, deceit or misrepresentation, or commit any act that reflects adversely on their honesty, trustworthiness or professional competence. Access Persons shall not knowingly misrepresent, or cause others to misrepresent, facts about a Company to a Fund, a Fund’s shareholders, regulators or any member of the public. Disclosure in reports and documents should be fair and accurate.

(e) Disclosure of Conflicts . As a fiduciary, each Company and Access Person has an affirmative duty of care, loyalty, honesty and good faith to act in the best interests of a Fund. Compliance with this duty can be achieved by trying to avoid conflicts of interest and by fully disclosing all material facts concerning any conflict that does arise with respect to any Fund. Access Persons must try to avoid situations that have even the appearance of conflict or impropriety.

This Code prohibits inappropriate favoritism of one Fund over another that would constitute a breach of fiduciary duty. Access Persons shall support an environment that fosters the ethical resolution of, and appropriate disclosure of, conflicts of interest, and shall comply with any prohibition on activities imposed by a Company if a conflict of interest exists. If any Access Person is (or becomes) aware of a personal interest that is, or might be, in conflict with the interest of a Fund, that Access Person must promptly disclose the situation or transaction and the nature of the conflict to the Review Officer for appropriate consideration.

(f) Undue Influence . Access Persons shall not cause or attempt to cause any Fund to purchase, sell or hold any security in a manner calculated to create any personal benefit to them or others whose accounts they hold a beneficial ownership interest (i.e., their spouse or domestic partner, minor children or relatives who reside in the Access Person’s household) or over which they have direct or indirect influence or control.

(g) Confidentiality and Protection of Material Nonpublic Information. The term “Material Nonpublic Information” refers to information that is both material information and nonpublic information, and also may be referred to as “Inside Information.” Information is considered to be “Nonpublic Information” unless it has been publicly disclosed, for example, through public filing with a securities regulator, issuance of a press release or the issuance of a prospectus. The term “Material Information” has no specific definition, but, for the purposes of this Code, it shall refer to any information that might have an effect on the market for a security generally or any information that a reasonable person would consider important in a decision to buy, hold or sell a security. Examples of material nonpublic information may include, but are not limited to: sales results; earnings (or loss) estimates (including significant changes to previously released information); dividend actions; strategic plans; new products, discoveries or services; significant personnel changes; acquisition, merger and divestiture plans; liquidity issues; proposed securities offerings; major pending or threatened litigation or potential claims; restructurings and recapitalizations; and the negotiation or termination of major contracts or relationships.

Information concerning the identity of portfolio holdings and financial circumstances of a Fund is confidential. Access Persons are responsible for safeguarding such material nonpublic

  3    
     

information about a Fund, including portfolio recommendations and fund holdings. Except as required in the normal course of carrying out their business responsibilities and as permitted by a Fund’s policies and procedures, Access Persons shall not reveal information relating to the investment intentions or activities of any Fund, or securities that are being considered for purchase or sale on behalf of any Fund.

Access Persons in possession of material nonpublic information must maintain the confidentiality of such information, and each Company shall be bound by a Fund’s policies and procedures with regard to disclosure of an investment company’s identity, affairs and portfolio holdings. The obligation to safeguard such Fund information would not preclude Access Persons from providing necessary information to, for example, persons providing services to a Company or a Fund’s account such as brokers, accountants, custodians and fund transfer agents, or in other circumstances when the Fund consents, as long as such disclosure conforms to the Fund’s portfolio holdings disclosure policies and procedures.

In any case, Access Persons shall not:

Ø trade based upon inside information, especially where Fund trades are likely to be pending or imminent; or
Ø use or share knowledge of any material nonpublic information of a Fund for personal gain or benefit or for the personal gain or benefit of others.

(h) Personal Securities Transactions . All personal securities transactions shall be conducted in such a manner as to be consistent with this Code and to avoid any actual or potential conflict of interest or any abuse of any Access Person’s position of trust and responsibility.

(i) Gifts . Access Persons shall not accept or provide anything in excess of $100.00 (per individual per year) or any other preferential treatment, in each case as a gift, to or from any broker-dealer or other entity with which a Company or a Fund does business.

(j) Service on Boards . Access Persons shall not serve on the boards of trustees (or directors) of publicly traded companies, absent prior authorization based upon a determination by the Review Officer that the board service would be consistent with the interests of the Company, a Fund and its shareholders.

(k) Prohibition Against Market Timing . Access Persons shall not engage in market timing of shares of Reportable Funds (a list of which are provided in the List of Access Persons & Reportable Funds maintained by the Review Officer). For purposes of this section, an Access Person’s trades shall be considered ‘market timing’ if made in violation of any stated policy in the Fund’s prospectus.

2. WHO IS COVERED BY THIS CODE

All Access Persons, in each case only with respect to the Reportable Funds as listed on the List of Access Persons & Reportable Funds maintained by the Review Officer, shall abide by

  4    
     

this Code. Access Persons are required to comply with specific reporting requirements as set forth in Sections 3 and 4 of this Code.

3. PROHIBITED TRANSACTIONS

(a) Blackout Period . Access Persons shall not purchase or sell a Reportable Security in an account in their name, or in the name of others in which they hold a beneficial ownership interest or over which they have direct or indirect influence or control, if they had actual knowledge at the time of the transaction that, during the 24 hour period immediately preceding or following the transaction, the security was purchased or sold or was considered for purchase or sale by a Fund.

(b) Requirement for Pre-clearance . Access Persons must obtain prior written approval from the Review Officer before:

(i) directly or indirectly acquiring beneficial ownership in securities in an initial public offering for which no public market in the same or similar securities of the issue has previously existed;
(ii) directly or indirectly acquiring beneficial ownership in securities in a private placement; and
(iii) directly or indirectly purchasing, selling or acquiring shares of a Reportable Fund for which they are an Access Person.

All requests for pre-clearance of securities transactions must be submitted to the Review Officer for review using the Pre-Clearance Request Form, in the form of Attachment B .

In determining whether to pre-clear the transaction, the Review Officer shall consider, among other factors, whether such opportunity is being offered to the Access Person by virtue of his or her position with the Fund or would result in a conflict of interest. Other factors to be considered may include: discussion with the Access Person concerning the reason for the requested transaction and how he or she became aware of the investment; the Access Person’s work role; the size and holding period of the proposed investment; the market capitalization of the issuer; the liquidity of the security; and other relevant factors. The Review Officer granting or denying the request must document the basis for the decision and notify the requesting person whether the trading request is approved or denied.

A pre-clearance request should not be submitted for a transaction that the requesting person does not intend to execute. Pre-clearance trading authorization is valid only from the time when approval is granted through the next business day. If the transaction is not executed within this period, an explanation of why the pre-cleared transaction was not completed must be submitted to the Review Officer within five (5) days. With respect to any effected transaction, the Access Person must provide the Review Officer with a transaction report evidencing the transaction consistent with the reporting requirements of Section 4.

(c) Fund Officer Prohibition . No Fund Officer shall directly or indirectly seek to obtain information (other than that necessary to accomplish the functions of the office) from any

  5    
     

Fund portfolio manager regarding (i) the status of any pending securities transaction for a Fund or (ii) the merits of any securities transaction contemplated by the Fund Officer.

4. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS OF ACCESS PERSONS

(a) Reporting . Access Persons must report the information described in this Section with respect to transactions in any Reportable Security in which they have, or by reason of such transaction acquire, any direct or indirect beneficial ownership . Access Persons must submit the appropriate reports to the Review Officer, unless they are otherwise required by a Fund, pursuant to a Code of Ethics adopted by the Fund, to report to the Fund or another entity.

(b) Exceptions from Reporting Requirement of Section 4 . Access Persons need not submit:

(i) any report with respect to securities held in accounts over which the Access Person had no direct or indirect influence or control;
(ii) a quarterly transaction report with respect to transactions effected pursuant to an automatic investment plan. However, any transaction that overrides the pre-set schedule or allocations of the automatic investment plan must be included in a quarterly transaction report;
(iii) a quarterly transaction report with respect to transactions effected which were non-volitional on the part of the Access Person, including acquisitions of Reportable Securities by gift or inheritance; or
(iv) a quarterly transaction report if the report would duplicate information contained in broker trade confirmations or account statements that the Company holds in its records so long as the Company receives the confirmations or statements no later than thirty (30) days after the end of the applicable calendar quarter.

(c) Initial Holdings Reports . No later than ten (10) days after a person becomes an Access Person, the person must report the following information:

(i) the title, type of security, and as applicable the exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP number, number of shares and principal amount of each Reportable Security (whether or not publicly traded) in which the person has any direct or indirect beneficial ownership as of the date the person became an Access Person;
(ii) the name of any broker, dealer or bank with whom the person maintains an account in which any securities were held for the Access Person’s direct or indirect benefit as of the date the person became an Access Person; and
(iii) the date that the report is submitted by the Access Person.

The information contained in the initial holdings report must be current as of a date no more than forty-five (45) days prior to the date the person becomes an Access Person.

(d) Quarterly Transaction Reports . No later than thirty (30) days after the end of a calendar quarter, each Access Person must submit a quarterly transaction report which includes, at a minimum, the following information with respect to any transaction during the quarter in a

  6    
     

Reportable Security (whether or not publicly traded) in which the Access Person had any direct or indirect beneficial ownership:

(i) the date of the transaction, the title, and as applicable the exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP number, the interest rate and maturity date (if applicable), the number of shares and the principal amount of each Reportable Security involved;
(ii) the nature of the transaction (i.e., purchase, sale or any other type of acquisition or disposition);
(iii) the price of the Reportable Security at which the transaction was effected;
(iv) the name of the broker, dealer or bank with or through which the transaction was effected; and
(v) the date that the report is submitted.

(e) New Account Opening; Quarterly New Account Report . Each Access Person shall provide written notice to the Review Officer prior to opening any new account with any entity through which a Reportable Securities (whether or not publicly traded) transaction may be effected for which the Access Person has direct or indirect beneficial ownership.

In addition, no later than thirty (30) days after the end of a calendar quarter, each Access Person must submit a Quarterly New Account Report with respect to any account established by such a person in which any Reportable Securities (whether or not publicly traded) were held during the quarter for the direct or indirect benefit of the Access Person. The Quarterly New Account Report shall cover, at a minimum, all accounts at a broker-dealer, bank or other institution opened during the quarter and provide the following information:

(1) the name of the broker, dealer or bank with whom the Access Person has established the account;
(2) the date the account was established; and
(3) the date that the report is submitted by the Access Person.

(f) Annual Holdings Reports . Annually, each Access Person must report the following information (which information must be current as of a date no more than forty-five (45) days before the report is submitted):

(i) the title, type of security, and as applicable the exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP number, number of shares and principal amount of each Reportable Security (whether or not publicly traded) in which the Access Person had any direct or indirect beneficial ownership;
(ii) the name of any broker, dealer or bank with whom the Access Person maintained an account in which any securities are held for the Access Person’s direct or indirect benefit; and
(iii) the date that the report is submitted by the Access Person.

(g) Alternative Reporting . The submission to the Review Officer of duplicate broker trade confirmations and account statements on all securities transactions required to be reported under this Section shall satisfy the reporting requirements of Section 4. The annual

  7    
     

holdings report may be satisfied by confirming annually, in writing, the accuracy of the information delivered by, or on behalf of, the Access Person to the Review Officer and recording the date of the confirmation.

(h) Report Qualification . Any report may contain a statement that the report shall not be construed as an admission by the person making the report that he or she has any direct or indirect beneficial ownership in the Reportable Securities to which the report relates.

(i) Providing Access to Account Information . Access Persons will promptly:

(i) provide full access to a Fund, its agents and attorneys to any and all records and documents which a Fund considers relevant to any securities transactions or other matters subject to the Code;
(ii) cooperate with a Fund, or its agents and attorneys, in investigating any securities transactions or other matter subject to the Code;
(iii) provide a Fund, its agents and attorneys with an explanation (in writing if requested) of the facts and circumstances surrounding any securities transaction or other matter subject to the Code; and
(iv) promptly notify the Review Officer or such other individual as a Fund may direct, in writing, from time to time, of any incident of noncompliance with the Code by anyone subject to this Code.

(j) Confidentiality of Reports . Transaction and holdings reports will be maintained in confidence, except to the extent necessary to implement and enforce the provisions of this Code or to comply with requests for information from regulatory or government agencies or law enforcement where applicable.

5. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT AND CERTIFICATION OF COMPLIANCE

Each Access Person is required to acknowledge in writing, initially and annually (in the form of Attachment A ), that the person has received, read and understands the Code (and in the case of any amendments thereto, shall similarly acknowledge such amendment) and recognizes that he or she is subject to the Code. Further, each such person is required to certify annually that he or she has:

Ø read, understood and complied with all the requirements of the Code;
Ø disclosed or reported all personal securities transactions pursuant to the requirements of the Code; and
Ø not engaged in any prohibited conduct.

If an Access Person is unable to make the above representations, he or she shall report any violations of this Code to the Review Officer.

  8    
     

6. REPORTING VIOLATIONS

Access Persons shall report any violations of this Code promptly to the Review Officer, unless the violations implicate the Review Officer, in which case the individual shall report the violations to the Chief Risk Officer or Chief Executive Officer of Foreside, as appropriate. Such reports will be confidential, to the extent permitted by law, and investigated promptly and appropriately. Retaliation against an individual who reports a violation is prohibited and constitutes a further violation of this Code.

Reported violations of the Code will be investigated and appropriate actions will be taken. Types of reporting that are required include, but are not limited to:

Ø Noncompliance with applicable laws, rules and regulations;
Ø Fraud or illegal acts involving any aspect of the Company’s business;
Ø Material misstatements in regulatory filings, internal books and records, Fund records or reports;
Ø Activity that is harmful to a Fund, including Fund shareholders; and
Ø Deviations from required controls and procedures that safeguard a Fund or a Company.

Access Persons should seek advice from the Review Officer with respect to any action or transaction that may violate this Code, and refrain from any action or transaction that might lead to the appearance of a violation. Access Persons should promptly report any apparent or suspected violations in addition to actual or known violations of this Code to the Review Officer.

7. TRAINING

Training with respect to the Code will occur periodically and all Access Persons are required to attend any training sessions or read any applicable materials. Training may include, among other things, (1) periodic orientation or training sessions with new and existing personnel to remind them of their obligations under the Code and/or (2) certifications that Access Persons have read and understood the Code, and require re-certification that they have re-read, understand and have complied with the Code.

8. REVIEW OFFICER

(a) Duties of Review Officer . The President of Foreside has been appointed by the President of each Company as the Review Officer to:

(i) review all securities transaction and holdings reports and maintain the names of persons responsible for reviewing these reports;
(ii) identify all persons of each Company who are Access Persons subject to this Code, promptly inform each Access Person of the requirements of this Code and provide them with a copy of the Code and any amendments;
  9    
     

(iii) compare, on a quarterly basis, all Reportable Securities transactions with each Fund’s completed portfolio transactions to determine whether a Code violation may have occurred;
(iv) maintain signed acknowledgments and certifications by each Access Person who is then subject to this Code, in the form of Attachment A ;
(v) inform all Access Persons of their requirements to obtain prior written approval from the Review Officer prior to directly or indirectly acquiring beneficial ownership of a security in any private placement, initial public offering or Reportable Fund;
(vi) ensure that Access Persons receive adequate training on the principles and procedures of this Code;
(vii) review, at least annually, the adequacy of this Code and the effectiveness of its implementation; and
(viii) submit a written report to a Fund’s Board and Foreside’s Risk Committee as described in Section 8(e) and (f), respectively.

The Chief Risk Officer of Foreside shall review any reportable securities transactions of the Review Officer, and shall assume the responsibilities of the Review Officer in his or her absence. The Review Officer may delegate responsibilities described herein to an appropriate Foreside representative.

( b) Potential Trade Conflict . When there appears to be a Reportable Securities transaction that conflicts with the Code, the Review Officer shall request a written explanation from the Access Person with regard to the transaction. If, after post-trade review, it is determined that there has been a material violation of the Code, a report will be made by the Review Officer with a recommendation of appropriate action to be taken to the Risk Committee of Foreside, the President of each Company, where applicable, the Chief Compliance Officer of each Company’s Broker-Dealer, where applicable, and a Fund’s Board of Trustees (or Directors), where applicable.

(c) Required Records . The Review Officer shall maintain and cause to be maintained:

(i) a copy of any code of ethics adopted by each Company that is in effect, or at any time within the past five (5) years was in effect, in an easily accessible place;
(ii) a record of any violation of any code of ethics, and of any action taken as a result of such violation, in an easily accessible place for at least five (5) years after the end of the fiscal year in which the last entry was made on any such report, the first two (2) years in an easily accessible place;
(iii) a copy of each holdings and transaction report (including duplicate confirmations and statements) made by anyone subject to this Code as required by Section 4 for at least five (5) years after the end of the fiscal year in which the report is made, the first two (2) years in an easily accessible place;
(iv) a record of all written acknowledgements and certifications by each Access Person who is currently, or within the past five (5) years was, an Access Person
  10    
     

(records must be kept for 5 years after individual ceases to be a Access Person under the Code);

(v) a list of all persons who are currently, or within the past five years were , required to make reports or who were responsible for reviewing these reports pursuant to any code of ethics adopted by each Company, in an easily accessible place;
(vi) a copy of each written report and certification required pursuant to Section 8(e) of this Code for at least five (5) years after the end of the fiscal year in which it is made, the first two (2) years in an easily accessible place;
(vii) a record of any decision, and the reasons supporting the decision, approving the acquisition of securities by Access Persons under Section 3(b) of this Code, for at least five (5) years after the end of the fiscal year in which the approval is granted; and
(viii) a record of any decision, and the reasons supporting the decision, granting an Access Person a waiver from, or exception to, the Code for at least five (5) years after the end of the fiscal year in which the waiver is granted.

(d) Post-Trade Review Process . Following receipt of trade confirms and statements, transactions will be screened by the Review Officer (or his or her designee) for the following:

(i) same day trades : transactions by Access Persons occurring on the same day as the purchase or sale of the same security by a Fund for which they are an Access Person.
(ii) blackout period trades : transactions by Access Persons occurring within 24 hours before or after the time as the purchase or sale of the same security by a Fund for which they are an Access Person.
(iii) fraudulent conduct : transaction by Access Persons which, within the most recent fifteen (15) days, is or has been held by a Fund or is being or has been considered by a Fund for purchase by a Fund.
(iv) market timing of Reportable Funds : transactions by Access Persons that appear to be market timing of Reportable Funds.
(v) other activities : transactions which may give the appearance that an Access Person has executed transactions not in accordance with this Code or otherwise reflect patterns of abuse.

(e) Submission to Fund Board .

(i) The Review Officer shall, at a minimum, annually prepare a written report to the Board of Trustees (or Directors) of a Fund listed in the List of Access Persons & Reportable Funds maintained by the Review Officer that:
A. describes any issues under this Code or its procedures since the last report to the Trustees (or Directors), including, but not limited to, information about material violations of the code or procedures and sanctions imposed in response to the material violations; and
B. certifies that each Company has adopted procedures reasonably necessary to prevent Access Persons from violating this Code.
  11    
     

(ii) The Review Officer shall ensure that this Code and any material amendments are submitted to the Board of Trustees (or Directors) for approval for those funds listed in the List of Access Persons & Reportable Funds maintained by the Review Officer.
(f) Report to the Risk Committee . The Review Officer shall prepare a written report to the Risk Committee of Foreside (and the President of each Company, where applicable, and the Chief Compliance Officer of each Company’s Broker-Dealer, where applicable) regarding any material issues that arose during the year under the Code, including, but not limited to, material violations of and sanctions under the Code.
Adopted: May 1, 2009
Amended: October 14, 2009 (updated Appendix A )
Amended: September 29, 2011 (updated Appendix A )
Amended: March 15, 2012 (updated Appendix A )
Amended: April 4, 2012 (updated Appendix A )
Amended: July 5, 2012 (updated Appendix A )
Amended: November 30, 2012 (updated Appendix A )
Amended: December 24, 2013 (updated Appendix A )
Amended: March 26, 2014
Amended: July 11, 2014 (updated Appendix A )
Amended: June 10, 2015 (updated Appendix A )
Amended: October 16, 2015 (updated Appendix A )
Amended: December 30, 2015
Amended: April 26, 2016 (updated Appendix A )
Amended: August 1, 2016 (updated Appendix A )

 

  12    
     

CODE OF ETHICS

APPENDIX A
FORESIDE COMPANIES

The following affiliated entities and direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries of Foreside Financial Group, LLC are subject to the Code of Ethics:

 

BHIL Distributors, LLC*
Fairholme Distributors, LLC*
Foreside Consulting Services, LLC (f/k/a Foreside Alternative Investment Services, LLC)
Foreside Distribution Services, L.P.*
Foreside Distributors, LLC
Foreside Fund Officer Services, LLC (f/k/a Foreside Compliance Services, LLC)
Foreside Fund Partners LLC (f/k/a Arden Securities LLC) *
Foreside Fund Services, LLC*
Foreside Funds Distributors LLC*
Foreside Global Services, LLC (f/k/a Fund Source US, LLC) *
Foreside Investment Services, LLC*
Foreside Management Services, LLC
Foreside Securities, LLC*
Foreside Services, Inc.
Funds Distributor, LLC*
IMST Distributors, LLC*
IVA Funds Distributors, LLC*
MGI Funds Distributors, LLC*
Northern Funds Distributors, LLC*
Orbis Investments (U.S.), LLC*
PNC Funds Distributor, LLC*
RidgeWorth Distributors LLC*
Sterling Capital Distributors, LLC*

* FINRA-registered broker-dealer

The companies listed on this Appendix A may be amended from time to time, as required.

  13    
     

CODE OF ETHICS

APPENDIX B
DEFINITIONS

(a) Access Person :
(i)(1) of a Company means each director or officer of the Companies who in the ordinary course of business makes, participates in or obtains information regarding the purchase or sale of Reportable Securities for a Fund or whose functions or duties as part of the ordinary course of business relate to the making of any recommendation to a Fund regarding the purchase or sale of Reportable Securities.
(ii)(2) of a Fund, whereby an employee or agent of a Company serves as an officer of a Fund (“ Fund Officer ”). Such Fund Officer is an Access Person of a Fund and is permitted to report under this Code unless otherwise required by a Fund’s Code of Ethics.
(iii)(3) of a Company includes anyone else specifically designated by the Review Officer.
(b) Beneficial Owner shall have the meaning as that set forth in Rule 16a-1(a)(2) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, except that the determination of direct or indirect beneficial ownership shall apply to all Reportable Securities that an Access Person owns or acquires. A beneficial owner of a security is any person who, directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise, has or shares a direct or indirect pecuniary interest (the opportunity, directly or indirectly, to profit or share in any profit derived from a transaction in the subject securities) in a security. An Access Person is presumed to be a beneficial owner of securities that are held by his or her immediate family members sharing the Access Person’s household.
(c) Indirect pecuniary interest in a security includes securities held by a person’s immediate family sharing the same household. Immediate family means any child, stepchild, grandchild, parent, stepparent, grandparent, spouse, sibling, mother-in-law, father-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law, or sister-in-law (including adoptive relationships).
(d) Control means the power to exercise a controlling influence over the management or policies of an entity, unless this power is solely the result of an official position with the company. Ownership of 25% or more of a company’s outstanding voting securities is presumed to give the holder thereof control over the company. This presumption may be rebutted by the Review Officer based upon the facts and circumstances of a given situation.
  14    
     

(e) Purchase or sale includes, among other things, the writing of an option to purchase or sell a Reportable Security.
(f) Reportable Fund (see List of Access Persons & Reportable Funds maintained by the Review Officer) means any fund that triggers the Company’s compliance with a Rule 17j-1 Code of Ethics or any fund for which an employee or agent of the Company serves as a Fund Officer.
(g) Reportable Security means any security such as a stock, bond, future, investment contract or any other instrument that is considered a ‘security’ under Section 2(a)(36) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, except:
(i) direct obligations of the Government of the United States;
(ii) bankers’ acceptances and bank certificates of deposits;
(iii) commercial paper and debt instruments with a maturity at issuance of less than 366 days and that are rated in one of the two highest rating categories by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization;
(iv) repurchase agreements covering any of the foregoing; (v) shares issued by money market mutual funds;
(vi) shares of SEC registered open-end investment companies ( other than a Reportable Fund ); and
(vii) shares of unit investment trusts that are invested exclusively in one or more open-end funds, none of which are Reportable Funds.

Included in the definition of Reportable Security are:

Ø Shares of a Reportable Fund;
Ø Options on securities, on indexes, and on currencies;
Ø All kinds of limited partnerships;
Ø Foreign unit trusts, UCITs, SICAVs and foreign mutual funds; and
Ø Private investment funds, hedge funds and investment clubs.
(h) Security held or to be acquired by the Fund means
(i) any Reportable Security which, within the most recent fifteen (15) days (x) is or has been held by the applicable Fund or (y) is being or has been considered by the applicable Fund or its investment adviser for purchase by the applicable Fund; and
(ii) and any option to purchase or sell, and any security convertible into or exchangeable for, a Reportable Security.
  15    
     

CODE OF ETHICS

ATTACHMENT A
ACCESS PERSON ACKNOWLEDGMENT

I understand that I am an Access Person subject to the Code of Ethics (the “Code”) adopted by each Company. I have read and understand the current Code, and will comply with it in all respects. In addition, I certify that I have complied with the requirements of the Code in that I have disclosed or reported all personal securities accounts and transactions required to be disclosed or reported pursuant to the requirements of the Code.

     
Signature   Date
     
     
Printed Name    

 

This form must be completed and returned to the Corporate Compliance Department:

Foreside Financial Group, LLC
ATTN: Review Officer (or his or her designee)
Three Canal Plaza, Third Floor
Portland, ME 04101

Received By: _________________________________________

Date: _______________________________________________

  16    
     

CODE OF ETHICS

ATTACHMENT B
PRE-CLEARANCE REQUEST FORM

As an Access Person subject to the Code of Ethics (the “Code”) adopted by Foreside Financial Group, LLC (“Foreside”), I hereby request approval to purchase an initial public offering, private placement or shares of a Reportable Fund for which I am an Access Person. Pursuant to my request, I provide the following information concerning the security where applicable.

1 . Name of security/investment:__________________________________________________________
2 . Type of security/interest:_____________________________________________________________
3 . Name of brokerage firm/other entity:____________________________________________________
4 . Account number:___________________________________________________________________
5 . Type of transaction (buy/sell/other-specify):______________________________________________
6 . Number of shares/interest:____________________________________________________________
7 . Price of each security/interest:_________________________________________________________
8 . Name of firm offering the investment opportunity:_________________________________________
9 . Please describe how you became aware of this investment opportunity:_________________________
     
     

 

I understand that it is a violation of the Code to purchase an initial public offering, private placement or shares of a Reportable Fund for which I am an Access Person without receiving prior written approval from Foreside’s Review Officer. I further understand that (i) any pre-clearance trading authorization is valid only from the time when approval is granted through the next business day and (ii) an explanation of why the pre-cleared transaction was not completed must be submitted to the Review Officer within five (5) days if the transaction is not executed within the period. I also agree to provide the Review Officer with a transaction report evidencing the pre-cleared transaction consistent with the reporting requirements of Section 4. of the Code.

     
Signature   Date
     
Print Name   Job Title

 

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

 

  17    
     

To be completed by Foreside’s Review Officer and returned to the Access Person.

Approval request granted:

Yes:______               No: ______

 

The following criteria were considered in assessing the Access Person’s pre-clearance request ( use back of page if necessary ):


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     
Authorized Signature   Date

 

  18    

Exhibit (q)

 

 

 

 

ACTIVE WEIGHTING FUNDS ETF TRUST

POWER OF ATTORNEY

Each of the undersigned Trustees of Active Weighting Funds ETF Trust (the " Trust") hereby constitutes and appoints Jonathon Clements and Matthew Clements, each of them with full powers of substitution, as his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent to execute in his or her name and on his or her behalf in any and all capacities the Registration Statements on Form N-1A, and any and all amendments thereto, and all other documents, filed by the Trust or its affiliates with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") under the Investment Company Act of 1940 , as amended, and (as applicable) the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and any and all instruments which such attorneys and agents, or any of them, deem necessary or advisable to enable the Trust or its affiliates to comply with such Acts, the rules, regulations and requirements of the SEC, the securities, Blue Sky law and/or corporate/trust laws of any state or other jurisdiction, the Commodities Future Trading Commission, and the regulatory authorities of any foreign jurisdiction, including all documents necessary to ensure the Trust has insurance and fidelity bond coverage, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the SEC and such other jurisdictions, and the undersigned hereby ratifies and confirms as his or her own act and deed any and all acts that such attorneys and agents, or any of them, shall do or cause to be done by virtue hereof. Any one of such attorneys and agents has, and may exercise, all of the powers hereby conferred. The undersigned hereby revokes any Powers of Attorney previously granted with respect to the Trust concerning the filings and actions described herein .

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have hereunto set their hands as of the 13 th day of September, 2017.

 

  TITLE

 

Trustee

 

 

Trustee

 

 

 

Trustee