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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
____________________________
FORM 10-Q
____________________________

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2019
or
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from _____ to _____
Commission File Number: 001-11796
____________________________
MASONITELOGOA15.JPG
Masonite International Corporation
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
____________________________
British Columbia, Canada
 
98-0377314
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

2771 Rutherford Road
Concord, Ontario L4K 2N6 Canada
(Address of principal executive offices)
(800) 895-2723
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
____________________________
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Common Stock (no par value)
DOOR
New York Stock Exchange
(Title of class)
(Trading symbol)
(Name of exchange on which registered)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
 
 
Accelerated filer
 
 
 
 
 
Non-accelerated filer
 
 
Smaller reporting company
 
 
 
 
 
Emerging growth company
 
 
 
 
 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes No
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:
The registrant had outstanding 25,013,896 shares of Common Stock, no par value, as of July 31, 2019.



MASONITELOGOA15.JPG

MASONITE INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION
INDEX TO QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
June 30, 2019

 
 
PART I
 
 
Page
Item 1
 
 
 
 
1
 
 
2
 
 
3
 
 
4
 
 
5
Item 2
 
26
Item 3
 
43
Item 4
 
43
PART II
 
 
 
Item 1
 
44
Item 1A
 
44
Item 2
 
44
Item 3
 
45
Item 4
 
45
Item 5
 
45
Item 6
 
45


i


Table of Contents

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the federal securities laws, including, without limitation, statements concerning the conditions in our industry, our operations, our economic performance and financial condition, including, in particular, statements relating to our business and growth strategy and product development efforts under "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations." Forward-looking statements include all statements that do not relate solely to historical or current facts and can be identified by the use of words such as "may," "might," "will," "should," "estimate," "project," "plan," "anticipate," "expect," "intend," "outlook," "believe" and other similar expressions. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of their dates. These forward-looking statements are based on estimates and assumptions by our management that, although we believe to be reasonable, are inherently uncertain and subject to a number of risks and uncertainties. These risks and uncertainties include, without limitation, those identified under "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 30, 2018, subsequent reports on Form 10-Q, and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report.
The following list represents some, but not necessarily all, of the factors that could cause actual results to differ from historical results or those anticipated or predicted by these forward-looking statements:
downward trends in our end markets and in economic conditions;
reduced levels of residential new construction; residential repair, renovation and remodeling; and non-residential building construction activity due to increases in mortgage rates, changes in mortgage interest deductions and related tax changes and reduced availability of financing;
competition;
the continued success of, and our ability to maintain relationships with, certain key customers in light of customer concentration and consolidation;
new tariffs and evolving trade policy between the United States and other countries, including China;
increases in prices of raw materials and fuel;
increases in labor costs, the availability of labor, or labor relations (i.e., disruptions, strikes or work stoppages);
our ability to manage our operations including anticipating demand for our products, managing disruptions in our operations, managing manufacturing realignments (including related restructuring charges), managing customer credit risk and successful integration of acquisitions;
the continuous operation of our information technology and enterprise resource planning systems and management of potential cyber security threats and attacks;
our ability to generate sufficient cash flows to fund our capital expenditure requirements, to meet our pension obligations, and to meet our debt service obligations, including our obligations under our senior notes and our ABL Facility;
political, economic and other risks that arise from operating a multinational business;
uncertainty relating to the United Kingdom's anticipated exit from the European Union;
fluctuating exchange and interest rates;
our ability to innovate and keep pace with technological developments;
product liability claims and product recalls;
retention of key management personnel;
environmental and other government regulations, including the FCPA, and any changes in such regulations; and
limitations on operating our business as a result of covenant restrictions under our existing and future indebtedness, including our senior notes and our ABL Facility.
We caution you that the foregoing list of important factors is not exclusive. In addition, in light of these risks and uncertainties, the matters referred to in the forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report may not in fact occur. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as otherwise required by law.

ii


Table of Contents

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Unaudited Financial Statements

MASONITE INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
 
June 30,
2019
 
July 1,
2018
 
June 30,
2019
 
July 1,
2018
Net sales
$
562,943

 
$
566,726

 
$
1,093,254

 
$
1,084,605

Cost of goods sold
434,013

 
443,052

 
852,220

 
855,502

Gross profit
128,930

 
123,674

 
241,034

 
229,103

Selling, general and administration expenses
78,142

 
71,851

 
156,242

 
140,062

Restructuring costs
1,361

 

 
5,101

 

Asset impairment
3,142

 

 
13,767

 

Loss on disposal of subsidiaries

 

 
4,605

 

Operating income
46,285

 
51,823

 
61,319

 
89,041

Interest expense, net
11,357

 
9,074

 
22,484

 
17,830

Other income, net of expense
(456
)
 
(839
)
 
(1,586
)
 
(861
)
Income before income tax expense
35,384

 
43,588

 
40,421

 
72,072

Income tax expense
10,293

 
7,894

 
10,351

 
14,595

Net income
25,091

 
35,694

 
30,070

 
57,477

Less: net income attributable to non-controlling interests
849

 
953

 
2,039

 
1,910

Net income attributable to Masonite
$
24,242

 
$
34,741

 
$
28,031

 
$
55,567

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic earnings per common share attributable to Masonite
$
0.96

 
$
1.26

 
$
1.11

 
$
1.99

Diluted earnings per common share attributable to Masonite
$
0.96

 
$
1.24

 
$
1.09

 
$
1.96

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Comprehensive income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
$
25,091

 
$
35,694

 
$
30,070

 
$
57,477

Other comprehensive income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency translation gain (loss)
(5,178
)
 
(31,445
)
 
8,813

 
(25,671
)
Amortization of actuarial net losses
403

 
299

 
807

 
599

Income tax expense related to other comprehensive income
(92
)
 
(100
)
 
(185
)
 
(200
)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
(4,867
)
 
(31,246
)
 
9,435

 
(25,272
)
Comprehensive income
20,224

 
4,448

 
39,505

 
32,205

Less: comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests
981

 
584

 
2,387

 
1,298

Comprehensive income attributable to Masonite
$
19,243

 
$
3,864

 
$
37,118

 
$
30,907


See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

1


Table of Contents

MASONITE INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share amounts)
(Unaudited)
ASSETS
June 30,
2019
 
December 30,
2018
Current assets:
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
112,644

 
$
115,656

Restricted cash
10,644

 
10,485

Accounts receivable, net
308,236

 
283,580

Inventories, net
254,625

 
250,407

Prepaid expenses
33,233

 
32,970

Income taxes receivable
3,590

 
3,495

Total current assets
722,972

 
696,593

Property, plant and equipment, net
594,538

 
609,753

Operating lease right-of-use assets
143,613

 

Investment in equity investees
14,991

 
13,474

Goodwill
180,865

 
180,297

Intangible assets, net
199,597

 
212,045

Deferred income taxes
28,558

 
28,509

Other assets
40,664

 
37,794

Total assets
$
1,925,798

 
$
1,778,465

 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
Accounts payable
$
101,920

 
$
96,362

Accrued expenses
172,175

 
147,345

Income taxes payable
1,642

 
1,599

Total current liabilities
275,737

 
245,306

Long-term debt
796,711

 
796,398

Long-term operating lease liabilities
132,949

 

Deferred income taxes
82,924

 
82,122

Other liabilities
22,906

 
32,334

Total liabilities
1,311,227

 
1,156,160

Commitments and Contingencies (Note 10)


 


Equity:
 
 
 
Share capital: unlimited shares authorized, no par value, 25,019,940 and 25,835,664 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2019, and December 30, 2018, respectively
561,543

 
575,207

Additional paid-in capital
215,418

 
218,988

Accumulated deficit
(30,225
)
 
(30,836
)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(143,832
)
 
(152,919
)
Total equity attributable to Masonite
602,904

 
610,440

Equity attributable to non-controlling interests
11,667

 
11,865

Total equity
614,571

 
622,305

Total liabilities and equity
$
1,925,798

 
$
1,778,465


See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

2


Table of Contents

MASONITE INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share amounts)
(Unaudited)
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
 
June 30, 2019
 
July 1, 2018
 
June 30, 2019
 
July 1, 2018
Total equity, beginning of period
$
610,370

 
$
719,573

 
$
622,305

 
$
735,902

Share capital:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of period
567,490

 
619,554

 
575,207

 
624,403

Common shares issued for delivery of share based awards
931

 
834

 
7,083

 
10,698

Common shares issued under employee stock purchase plan

 
(17
)
 
517

 
499

Common shares repurchased and retired
(6,878
)
 
(6,000
)
 
(21,264
)
 
(21,229
)
End of period
561,543

 
614,371

 
561,543

 
614,371

Additional paid-in capital:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of period
214,294

 
217,228

 
218,988

 
226,528

Share based compensation expense
2,093

 
3,538

 
4,773

 
6,603

Common shares issued for delivery of share based awards
(931
)
 
(834
)
 
(7,083
)
 
(10,698
)
Common shares withheld to cover income taxes payable due to delivery of share based awards
(38
)
 
(1
)
 
(1,128
)
 
(2,423
)
Common shares issued under employee stock purchase plan

 

 
(132
)
 
(79
)
End of period
215,418

 
219,931

 
215,418

 
219,931

Accumulated deficit:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of period
(45,852
)
 
(26,286
)
 
(30,836
)
 
(18,150
)
Net income attributable to Masonite
24,242

 
34,741

 
28,031

 
55,567

Common shares repurchased and retired
(8,615
)
 
(10,478
)
 
(27,420
)
 
(39,440
)
End of period
(30,225
)
 
(2,023
)
 
(30,225
)
 
(2,023
)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of period
(138,833
)
 
(103,935
)
 
(152,919
)
 
(110,152
)
Other comprehensive income attributable to Masonite, net of tax
(4,999
)
 
(30,877
)
 
9,087

 
(24,660
)
End of period
(143,832
)
 
(134,812
)
 
(143,832
)
 
(134,812
)
Equity attributable to non-controlling interests:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of period
13,271

 
13,012

 
11,865

 
13,273

Net income attributable to non-controlling interests
849

 
953

 
2,039

 
1,910

Other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests, net of tax
132

 
(369
)
 
348

 
(612
)
Dividends to non-controlling interests
(2,585
)
 
(1,548
)
 
(2,585
)
 
(2,523
)
End of period
11,667

 
12,048

 
11,667

 
12,048

Total equity, end of period
$
614,571

 
$
709,515

 
$
614,571

 
$
709,515

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common shares outstanding:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of period
25,314,850

 
27,851,728

 
25,835,664

 
28,369,877

Common shares issued for delivery of share based awards
12,876

 
15,149

 
129,128

 
181,397

Common shares issued under employee stock purchase plan

 

 
9,036

 
7,386

Common shares repurchased and retired
(307,786
)
 
(269,751
)
 
(953,888
)
 
(961,534
)
End of period
25,019,940

 
27,597,126

 
25,019,940

 
27,597,126



See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

3


Table of Contents

MASONITE INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands of U.S. dollars)
(Unaudited)
 
Six Months Ended
Cash flows from operating activities:
June 30,
2019
 
July 1,
2018
Net income
$
30,070

 
$
57,477

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flow provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
Loss on disposal of subsidiaries
4,605

 

Depreciation
36,486

 
27,634

Amortization
14,926

 
13,910

Share based compensation expense
4,773

 
6,603

Deferred income taxes
1,367

 
7,234

Unrealized foreign exchange loss (gain)
316

 
(2,079
)
Share of income from equity investees, net of tax
(1,517
)
 
(781
)
Pension and post-retirement funding, net of expense
(3,225
)
 
(3,302
)
Non-cash accruals and interest
(664
)
 
457

Loss on sale of property, plant and equipment
4,235

 
2,512

Asset impairment
13,767

 

Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:
 
 
 
Accounts receivable
(20,609
)
 
(39,982
)
Inventories
(5,165
)
 
(2,799
)
Prepaid expenses
(316
)
 
(1,941
)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
10,571

 
27,623

Other assets and liabilities
(1,407
)
 
(4,589
)
Net cash flow provided by operating activities
88,213

 
87,977

Cash flows from investing activities:
 
 
 
Additions to property, plant and equipment
(37,923
)
 
(33,835
)
Cash used in acquisitions, net of cash acquired
(219
)
 
(135,600
)
Cash disposed in sale of subsidiaries, net of cash proceeds
(230
)
 

Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment
90

 
1,367

Other investing activities
(955
)
 
(1,825
)
Net cash flow used in investing activities
(39,237
)
 
(169,893
)
Cash flows from financing activities:
 
 
 
Repayments of long-term debt
(61
)
 
(196
)
Tax withholding on share based awards
(1,128
)
 
(2,423
)
Distributions to non-controlling interests
(2,585
)
 
(2,523
)
Repurchases of common shares
(48,684
)
 
(60,669
)
Net cash flow used in financing activities
(52,458
)
 
(65,811
)
Net foreign currency translation adjustment on cash
629

 
(201
)
Decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
(2,853
)
 
(147,928
)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period
126,141

 
188,564

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, at end of period
$
123,288

 
$
40,636


See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

4


Table of Contents
MASONITE INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)



1. Business Overview and Significant Accounting Policies
Unless we state otherwise or the context otherwise requires, references to "Masonite," "we," "our," "us" and the "Company" in these notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements refer to Masonite International Corporation and its subsidiaries.
Description of Business
Masonite International Corporation is one of the largest manufacturers of doors in the world, with significant market share in both interior and exterior door products. Masonite operates 65 manufacturing locations in 8 countries and sells doors to customers throughout the world, including the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom.
Basis of Presentation
We prepare these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") and applicable rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") regarding interim financial reporting. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for annual financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments consisting of normal and recurring entries considered necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods presented have been included. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts in the financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates are based on information available as of the date of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements; therefore, actual results could differ from those estimates. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results for a full year.
These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 30, 2018, as filed with the SEC. Our fiscal year is the 52- or 53-week period ending on the Sunday closest to December 31. In a 52-week year, each fiscal quarter consists of 13 weeks. For ease of disclosure, the 13- and 26-week periods are referred to as three- and six-month periods, respectively. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current basis of presentation, related to discontinued operations, as described in the 2018 Form 10-K.
Changes in Accounting Standards and Policies
There have been no changes in the significant accounting policies from those that were disclosed in the fiscal year 2018 audited consolidated financial statements, other than as noted below.
Adoption of Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, "Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract." This ASU amended the definition of a hosting arrangement and required a customer in a cloud computing arrangement that is a service contract to follow the internal-use software guidance in ASC 350-40 "Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software" to determine which implementation costs to capitalize as assets or expense as incurred. Capitalized implementation costs related to a hosting arrangement that is a service contract are amortized over the term of the hosting arrangement, beginning when the module or component of the hosting arrangement is ready for its intended use. The guidance was effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those annual periods; early adoption was permitted and either retrospective or prospective application was required for all implementation costs incurred after the date of adoption. We have early adopted this guidance prospectively as of December 31, 2018, the beginning of fiscal year 2019, and the adoption did not have any material impact on our results of operations.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, "Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment," which amended ASC 350 "Intangibles—Goodwill and Other." This ASU simplified the accounting for goodwill impairments and allowed a goodwill impairment charge to be based upon the amount of a reporting unit's carrying value in excess of its fair value; thus, eliminating what is currently known as "Step 2" under the current guidance. This ASU was effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those annual periods; early adoption

5


Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)


was permitted and prospective application was required. We have early adopted this guidance prospectively as of December 31, 2018, the beginning of fiscal year 2019, and the adoption did not have a material impact on our financial statements.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)," which replaces the existing guidance in ASC 840, "Leases." This standard was supplemented by ASUs 2018-01, 2018-10, 2018-11 and 2019-01. The updated standards aim to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by requiring lessees to recognize right-of-use ("ROU") assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and requiring disclosure of key information about leasing arrangements. The transition option in ASU 2018-11 allows entities to not apply the standards to the comparative periods they present in their financial statements in the year of adoption. These ASUs were effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those annual periods; early adoption was permitted. We have elected to adopt these standards utilizing the modified retrospective method as of December 31, 2018, with the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance of the new standards, which allowed us to not reassess whether any expired or existing contracts contain leases, to carry forward the historical lease classification and permitted us to exclude from our assessment initial direct costs for any existing leases. Additionally, we have elected to utilize the practical expedient which allows us to account for each separate lease component and the non-lease components associated with that lease component as a single lease component. We also made an accounting policy election to exclude leases with an initial term of twelve months or less from our transition adjustment. Lease payments are recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
The adoption of the standard resulted in the recognition of a ROU asset and lease liability for our operating leases of $108.0 million and $113.9 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2018. Our operating leases include leases for real estate and machinery and equipment and we have no material finance leases. The difference between the opening ROU asset and lease liability amounts was due to the reclassification of the existing deferred rent liability balance against the opening ROU assets to which it related. The standard did not materially affect our results of operations, liquidity or compliance with our debt covenants under our current agreements. Additional transition disclosures, including our updated lease accounting policy, are included in Note 6.
Other Recent Accounting Pronouncements not yet Adopted
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, "Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans," which amended ASC 715, "Compensation—Retirement Benefits." This standard is applicable for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other postretirement plans, and eliminates disclosures no longer considered cost beneficial, clarifies specific disclosure requirements for entities that provide aggregate disclosures for two or more plans and adds requirements for explanations for significant gains and losses related to changes in benefit obligations. The guidance will be effective for annual periods ending after December 15, 2020; early adoption is permitted and retrospective application is required. We are in the process of evaluating this guidance to determine the impact it may have on our financial statements.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326)”, which replaces the incurred loss methodology for recognizing credit losses with a current expected credit losses model. This standard applies to all financial assets, including trade receivables. Our current accounts receivable policy is described in detail in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 30, 2018, and uses historical and current information to estimate the amount of probable credit losses in our existing account receivable balances. The guidance will be effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years; early adoption is permitted and modified retrospective application is required. We are in the process of evaluating this guidance to determine the impact it may have on our financial statements.

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)


2. Acquisitions and Disposition
2018 Acquisitions
On November 1, 2018, we completed the acquisition of the operating assets of Bridgewater Wholesalers Inc. ("BWI") for cash considerations of $22.3 million, net of cash acquired. BWI is headquartered in Branchburg, New Jersey, and is a fabricator and distributor of residential interior and exterior door systems, supporting customers in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern United States. Their product offerings include residential interior and exterior doors, commercial doors and hardware as well as value added pre-finishing services. The excess purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired of $3.7 million was allocated to goodwill. The goodwill principally represents anticipated synergies to be gained from the integration into our existing North American Residential business and the goodwill is deductible for tax purposes.
On June 1, 2018, we completed the acquisition of the operating assets of the wood door companies of AADG, Inc., including the brands Graham Manufacturing Corporation and The Maiman Company (collectively, "Graham & Maiman"). We acquired the operating assets of Graham & Maiman for cash consideration of $39.0 million. Graham & Maiman are based in Mason City, Iowa, and Springfield, Missouri. Graham & Maiman provide the non-residential construction industry with a full range of architectural premium and custom grade flush wood doors, architectural stile and rail wood doors, thermal-fused flush wood doors and wood door frames. The excess purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired of $11.0 million was allocated to goodwill. The goodwill principally represents anticipated synergies to be gained from the integration into our existing Architectural business and the goodwill is deductible for tax purposes.
On January 29, 2018, we completed the acquisition of DW3 Products Holdings Limited ("DW3"), a leading UK provider of high quality premium door solutions and window systems, supplying products under brand names such as Solidor, Residor, Nicedor and Residence. We acquired 100% of the equity interests in DW3 for cash consideration of $96.3 million, net of cash acquired. DW3 is based in Stoke-on-Trent and Gloucester, England, and their online quick ship capabilities and product portfolio both complement and expand the strategies we are pursuing with our business. The excess purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired of $33.6 million was allocated to goodwill. The goodwill principally represents anticipated synergies to be gained from the integration into our existing United Kingdom business and the goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes. 
The fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the 2018 acquisitions are as follows:
(In thousands)
BWI
 
Graham & Maiman
 
DW3
 
Total 2018 Acquisitions
Accounts receivable
$
9,215

 
$

 
$
8,590

 
$
17,805

Inventory
10,736

 
6,090

 
5,059

 
21,885

Property, plant and equipment
2,222

 
19,557

 
8,196

 
29,975

Goodwill
3,739

 
10,996

 
33,623

 
48,358

Intangible assets
2,970

 
2,750

 
62,873

 
68,593

Accounts payable and accrued expenses
(6,816
)
 
(426
)
 
(10,418
)
 
(17,660
)
Deferred income taxes

 

 
(11,546
)
 
(11,546
)
Other assets and liabilities, net
240

 

 
(68
)
 
172

Cash consideration, net of cash acquired
$
22,306

 
$
38,967

 
$
96,309

 
$
157,582


During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we finalized the purchase price allocation for the BWI acquisition, which resulted in a $0.4 million increase in goodwill due to final working capital adjustments. The fair values of intangible assets acquired are based on management's estimates and assumptions including variations of the income approach, the cost approach and the market approach. The intangible assets acquired are not expected to have any residual value. The gross contractual value of acquired trade receivables was $9.3 million and $9.1 million for the BWI and DW3 acquisitions, respectively.

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)


Intangible assets acquired from the 2018 acquisitions consist of the following:
(In thousands)
BWI
 
Expected Useful Life (Years)
 
Graham & Maiman
 
Expected Useful Life (Years)
 
DW3
 
Expected Useful Life (Years)
Customer relationships
$
1,200

 
10.0
 
$
2,400

 
10.0
 
$
49,554

 
10.0
Trademarks and trade names
900

 
10.0
 
350

 
1.5
 
11,785

 
10.0
Patents

 
 
 

 
 
 
1,420

 
10.0
Other
870

 
2.2
 

 
 
 
114

 
3.0
Total intangible assets acquired
$
2,970

 
 
 
$
2,750

 
 
 
$
62,873

 
 

The following schedule represents the amounts of net sales and net income (loss) attributable to Masonite from the 2018 Acquisitions which have been included in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the periods indicated subsequent to the acquisition date:
 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
(In thousands)
BWI
 
Graham & Maiman
 
DW3
 
Total 2018 Acquisitions
Net sales
$
24,515

 
$
19,291

 
$
19,567

 
$
63,373

Net income attributable to Masonite
649

 
960

 
2,609

 
4,218

 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
(In thousands)
BWI
 
Graham & Maiman
 
DW3
 
Total 2018 Acquisitions
Net sales
$
46,458

 
$
35,947

 
$
39,229

 
$
121,634

Net income attributable to Masonite
727

 
1,180

 
5,466

 
7,373

 
Three Months Ended July 1, 2018
(in thousands)
Graham & Maiman
 
DW3
 
Total 2018 Acquisitions
Net sales
$
6,266

 
$
18,351

 
$
24,617

Net income attributable to Masonite
302

 
1,145

 
1,447

 
Six Months Ended July 1, 2018
(in thousands)
Graham & Maiman
 
DW3
 
Total 2018 Acquisitions
Net sales
$
6,266

 
$
29,549

 
$
35,815

Net income attributable to Masonite
302

 
2,093

 
2,395


Pro Forma Information
The following unaudited pro forma financial information represents the consolidated financial information as if the acquisitions had been included in our consolidated results beginning on the first day of the fiscal year prior to their respective acquisition dates. The pro forma results have been calculated after adjusting the results of the acquired entities to remove intercompany transactions and transaction costs incurred and to reflect the additional depreciation and amortization that would have been charged assuming the fair value adjustments to property, plant and equipment and intangible assets had been applied on the first day of the fiscal year prior to the respective acquisitions, together with the consequential tax effects. The pro forma results do not reflect any cost savings, operating synergies or revenue enhancements that the combined company may achieve as a result of the acquisitions; the costs to combine the companies' operations; or the costs necessary to achieve these costs savings, operating synergies and revenue

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)


enhancements. The pro forma results do not necessarily reflect the actual results of operations of the combined companies' under our ownership and operation.
 
Three Months Ended July 1, 2018
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Masonite
 
BWI
 
Graham & Maiman
 
Intercompany Eliminations
 
Pro Forma
Net sales
$
566,726

 
24,513

 
$
11,288

 
$
(11,777
)
 
$
590,750

Net income attributable to Masonite
34,741

 
139

 
(114
)
 

 
34,766

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic earnings per common share
$
1.26

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
1.26

Diluted earnings per common share
1.24

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1.24

 
Six Months Ended July 1, 2018
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Masonite
 
BWI
 
Graham & Maiman
 
DW3
 
Intercompany Eliminations
 
Pro Forma
Net sales
$
1,084,605

 
$
47,573

 
$
26,887

 
$
4,918

 
$
(22,886
)
 
$
1,141,097

Net income attributable to Masonite
55,567

 
269

 
89

 
81

 
 
 
56,006

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic earnings per common share
$
1.99

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
2.01

Diluted earnings per common share
1.96

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1.97


Disposition
On March 21, 2019, we completed the sale of all of the capital stock of Performance Doorset Solutions Limited ("PDS") for nominal consideration. We have had and will continue to have no continuing involvement with PDS subsequent to the sale, and the purchasers are not considered to be a related party. The disposition of this business resulted in a loss on disposal of subsidiaries of $4.6 million, which was recognized during the first six months of 2019 in the Europe segment. The total charge consists of $3.6 million relating to the write-off of the net assets sold and other professional fees and $1.0 million relating to the recognition of the cumulative translation adjustment out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).
3. Accounts Receivable
Our customers consist mainly of wholesale distributors, dealers, homebuilders and retail home centers. Our ten largest customers accounted for 52.6% and 54.6% of total accounts receivable as of June 30, 2019, and December 30, 2018, respectively. Our largest customer, The Home Depot, Inc., accounted for more than 10% of the consolidated gross accounts receivable balance as of June 30, 2019, and December 30, 2018. The allowance for doubtful accounts balance was $2.5 million and $2.1 million as of June 30, 2019, and December 30, 2018, respectively.
We maintain an accounts receivable sales program with a third party (the "AR Sales Program"). Under the AR Sales Program, we can transfer ownership of eligible trade accounts receivable of certain customers. Receivables are sold outright to a third party that assumes the full risk of collection, without recourse to us in the event of a loss. Transfers of receivables under this program are accounted for as sales. Proceeds from the transfers reflect the face value of the accounts receivable less a discount. Receivables sold under the AR Sales Program are excluded from trade accounts receivable in the condensed consolidated balance sheets and are included in cash flows from operating activities in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. The discounts on the sales of trade accounts receivable sold under the AR Sales Program were not material for any of the periods presented and were recorded in selling, general and administration expense within the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)


4. Inventories
The amounts of inventory on hand were as follows as of the dates indicated:
(In thousands)
June 30,
2019
 
December 30,
2018
Raw materials
$
183,240

 
$
189,145

Finished goods
80,577

 
69,026

Provision for obsolete or aged inventory
(9,192
)
 
(7,764
)
Inventories, net
$
254,625

 
$
250,407


5. Property, Plant and Equipment
The carrying amounts of our property, plant and equipment and accumulated depreciation were as follows as of the dates indicated:
(In thousands)
June 30,
2019
 
December 30,
2018
Land
$
29,738

 
$
30,653

Buildings
179,313

 
179,888

Machinery and equipment
726,142

 
724,431

Property, plant and equipment, gross
935,193

 
934,972

Accumulated depreciation
(340,655
)
 
(325,219
)
Property, plant and equipment, net
$
594,538

 
$
609,753


Total depreciation expense was $18.2 million and $36.5 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, and $13.7 million and $27.6 million for the three and six months ended July 1, 2018, respectively. Depreciation expense is included primarily within cost of goods sold in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
6. Leases
Lease Accounting Policy
Our updated policy for lease accounting, which we adopted prospectively as of December 31, 2018, is as follows:
We determine if a contract is a lease at inception or upon acquisition and reevaluate each time a lease contract is amended or otherwise modified. A lease will be classified as an operating lease if it does not meet any of the criteria for a finance lease. Those criteria include the transfer of ownership of the underlying asset by the end of the lease term; an option to purchase the underlying asset that we would be reasonably certain to exercise; the lease term is for the major part of the remaining economic life of the underlying asset; the present value of the sum of the lease payments and any residual value guaranteed by us that is not already reflected in the lease payments equals or exceeds substantially all of the fair value of the underlying asset or if the underlying asset is of such a specialized nature that it is expected to have no alternative use to us at the end of the lease term.
The assets and liabilities relating to operating leases are included in operating lease ROU assets, accrued expenses, and long-term operating lease liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets. The assets and liabilities relating to finance leases are included in property, plant and equipment and other long-term liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets. 
ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at the respective lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the expected lease term.

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)


Since our leases do not specify implicit discount rates, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The operating lease ROU asset also includes any initial direct costs and is adjusted for lease incentives and prepaid or accrued rent. The lease term begins on the date when the lessor makes the underlying asset available for use to us, and our expected lease terms include options to extend the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise those options. Lease payments are recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income on a straight-line basis over the expected lease term.
Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet, with the related lease expense recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Lease and non-lease components of a contract are combined into a single lease component for accounting purposes.
Current Period Lease Disclosures
Our operating leases include leases for real estate (including manufacturing sites, warehouses and offices) and machinery and equipment and we have no material finance leases or subleases. Certain of our operating leases contain provisions for renewal ranging from one to four options of one to ten years each.
Total operating lease expense, including non-cancelable operating leases and short-term leases, was $10.5 million and $19.7 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, and $7.8 million and $15.5 million for the three and six months ended July 1, 2018, respectively.
The current portion of operating lease liabilities is included with accrued expenses in the consolidated balance sheets. Supplemental balance sheet information as of the period indicated related to operating leases was as follows:
(In thousands)
June 30, 2019
Operating lease right-of-use assets
$
143,613

 
 
Current portion of operating lease liabilities
21,271

Long-term operating lease liabilities
132,949

Total operating lease liabilities
$
154,220

 
 
Weighted average remaining lease term (years)
14.8

Weighted average discount rate
4.9
%

Maturities of operating lease liabilities are as follows:
(In thousands)
June 30, 2019
Fiscal year:
 
2019 (remaining six months)
$
13,785

2020
27,180

2021
19,123

2022
15,427

2023
12,595

Thereafter
148,522

Total undiscounted lease payments
236,632

Less imputed interest
(82,412
)
Total
$
154,220


As of June 30, 2019, we have additional undiscounted commitments for operating leases, primarily for administrative offices, that have not yet commenced of $15.8 million. These operating leases will commence between fiscal year 2019 and fiscal year 2020 with lease terms of 10 years.

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)


7. Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill were as follows as of the dates indicated:
(In thousands)
North American Residential
 
Europe
 
Architectural
 
Total
December 30, 2018
$
6,189

 
$
63,220

 
$
110,888

 
$
180,297

Measurement period adjustment
390

 

 

 
390

Foreign exchange fluctuations
11

 
55

 
112

 
178

June 30, 2019
$
6,590

 
$
63,275

 
$
111,000

 
$
180,865


During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we finalized the purchase price allocation for the BWI acquisition, which resulted in a $0.4 million increase in goodwill due to final working capital adjustments. During the fourth quarter of 2018, we performed our annual quantitative impairment test of goodwill for all of our reporting units, including the Architectural reporting unit, determining that goodwill was not impaired based upon the forecasts utilized in that test. While there was no identification of potential impairment at that time, it is possible that the estimate of discounted cash flows for the Architectural reporting unit may change in the near term based upon actual results and updated forward-looking forecasts, resulting in the need to write down goodwill to its fair value. While an interim impairment test of the Architectural reporting unit’s goodwill was not required during the six months ended June 30, 2019, it is possible that such a test could be required during future interim periods.
The cost and accumulated amortization values of our intangible assets were as follows as of the dates indicated:
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 30, 2018
(In thousands)
 Cost
 
Accumulated Amortization
 
 Net Book Value
 
Cost
 
Accumulated Amortization
 
Net Book Value
Definite life intangible assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Customer relationships
$
173,782

 
$
(90,916
)
 
$
82,866

 
$
173,637

 
$
(81,220
)
 
$
92,417

Patents
31,934

 
(22,978
)
 
8,956

 
31,363

 
(21,840
)
 
9,523

Software
33,358

 
(30,954
)
 
2,404

 
32,660

 
(29,296
)
 
3,364

Trademarks and tradenames
33,811

 
(5,694
)
 
28,117

 
33,784

 
(3,948
)
 
29,836

Other
972

 
(315
)
 
657

 
971

 
(97
)
 
874

Total definite life intangible assets
273,857

 
(150,857
)
 
123,000

 
272,415

 
(136,401
)
 
136,014

Indefinite life intangible assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trademarks and tradenames
76,597

 

 
76,597

 
76,031

 

 
76,031

Total intangible assets
$
350,454

 
$
(150,857
)
 
$
199,597

 
$
348,446

 
$
(136,401
)
 
$
212,045


Amortization of intangible assets was $7.1 million and $14.3 million three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, and $7.2 million and $13.3 million for the three and six months ended July 1, 2018, respectively. Amortization expense is classified within selling, general and administration expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)


The estimated future amortization of intangible assets with definite lives is as follows:
(In thousands)
June 30, 2019

Fiscal year:
 
2019 (remaining six months)
$
13,974

2020
22,392

2021
18,792

2022
15,345

2023
13,859


8. Accrued Expenses
The details of our accrued expenses were as follows as of the dates indicated:
(In thousands)
June 30,
2019
 
December 30,
2018
Accrued payroll
$
46,886

 
$
39,823

Accrued rebates
35,071

 
36,711

Current portion of operating lease liabilities
21,271

 

Accrued interest
13,667

 
14,570

Other accruals
55,280

 
56,241

Total accrued expenses
$
172,175

 
$
147,345


9. Long-Term Debt
(In thousands)
June 30,
2019
 
December 30,
2018
5.625% senior unsecured notes due 2023
$
500,000

 
$
500,000

5.75% senior unsecured notes due 2026
300,000

 
300,000

Unamortized premium on 2023 Notes
3,245

 
3,684

Debt issuance costs
(7,623
)
 
(8,394
)
Other long-term debt
1,089

 
1,108

Total long-term debt
$
796,711

 
$
796,398


Interest expense related to our consolidated indebtedness under senior unsecured notes was $11.5 million and $22.7 million for the three and six months ended and June 30, 2019, respectively, and $8.9 million and $17.6 million for the three and six months ended July 1, 2018, respectively.
5.75% Senior Notes due 2026
On August 27, 2018, we issued $300.0 million aggregate principal senior unsecured notes (the "2026 Notes"). The 2026 Notes were issued in a private placement for resale to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and to buyers outside of the United States pursuant to Regulation S under the Securities Act. The 2026 Notes were issued without registration rights and are not listed on any securities exchange. The 2026 Notes bear interest at 5.75% per annum, payable in cash semiannually in arrears on March 15 and September 15 of each year and are due September 15, 2026. The 2026 notes were issued at par. We received net proceeds of $295.7 million after deducting $4.3 million of debt issuance costs. The debt issuance costs were capitalized as a reduction to the carrying value of debt and are being accreted to interest expense over the term of the 2026 Notes using the effective interest method. The net proceeds from issuance of the 2026 Notes were used to redeem $125.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2023 Notes (as described below), including the payment of related premiums, fees and expenses, with the balance of the proceeds available for general corporate purposes.

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)


Subsequent to the closing of the 2026 Notes offering, the 2023 Notes were partially redeemed, with that portion of the notes considered extinguished as of September 12, 2018. Under the terms of the indenture governing the 2023 Notes, we paid the applicable premium of $5.3 million. Additionally, the proportionate shares of the unamortized premium of $1.0 million and unamortized debt issuance costs of $1.1 million relating to the 2023 Notes were written off in conjunction with the partial extinguishment of the 2023 Notes. The resulting loss on extinguishment of debt was $5.4 million and is recorded as part of income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense (benefit) in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Additionally, the cash payment of interest accrued to, but not including, the redemption date was accelerated to the redemption date.
Obligations under the 2026 Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, on a senior unsecured basis, by certain of our directly or indirectly wholly-owned subsidiaries. We may redeem the 2026 Notes, in whole or in part, at any time on or after September 15, 2021, at the applicable redemption prices specified under the indenture governing the 2026 Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of redemption. If we experience certain changes of control or consummate certain asset sales and do not reinvest the net proceeds, we must offer to repurchase all of the 2026 Notes at a purchase price of 101.00% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the repurchase date.
The indenture governing the 2026 Notes contains restrictive covenants that, among other things, limit our ability and the ability of our subsidiaries to: (i) incur additional debt and issue disqualified or preferred stock, (ii) make restricted payments, (iii) sell assets, (iv) create or permit restrictions on the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to pay dividends or make other distributions to the parent company, (v) create or incur certain liens, (vi) enter into sale and leaseback transactions, (vii) merge or consolidate with other entities and (viii) enter into transactions with affiliates. The foregoing limitations are subject to exceptions as set forth in the indenture governing the 2026 Notes. In addition, if in the future the 2026 Notes have an investment grade rating from at least two nationally recognized statistical rating organizations, certain of these covenants will be terminated. The indenture governing the 2026 Notes contains customary events of default (subject in certain cases to customary grace and cure periods). As of June 30, 2019, and December 30, 2018, we were in compliance with all covenants under the indenture governing the 2026 Notes.
5.625% Senior Notes due 2023
On September 27, 2017, and March 23, 2015, we issued $150.0 million and $475.0 million aggregate principal senior unsecured notes, respectively (the "2023 Notes"). The 2023 Notes were issued in two private placements for resale to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act, and to buyers outside the United States pursuant to Regulation S under the Securities Act. The 2023 Notes were issued without registration rights and are not listed on any securities exchange. The 2023 Notes bear interest at 5.625% per annum, payable in cash semiannually in arrears on March 15 and September 15 of each year and are due March 15, 2023. The 2023 Notes were issued at 104.0% and par in 2017 and 2015, respectively, and the resulting premium of $6.0 million is being amortized to interest expense over the term of the 2023 Notes using the effective interest method. We received net proceeds of $153.9 million and $467.9 million, respectively, after deducting $2.1 million and $7.1 million of debt issuance costs in 2017 and 2015, respectively. The debt issuance costs were capitalized as a reduction to the carrying value of debt and are being accreted to interest expense over the term of the 2023 Notes using the effective interest method. The net proceeds from the 2017 issuance of the 2023 Notes are for general corporate purposes. The net proceeds from the 2015 issuance of the 2023 Notes, together with available cash balances, were used to redeem $500.0 million aggregate principal of prior 8.25% senior unsecured notes due 2021 and to pay related premiums, fees and expenses.
Obligations under the 2023 Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, on a senior unsecured basis, by certain of our directly or indirectly wholly-owned subsidiaries. We may redeem the 2023 Notes, in whole or in part, at any time on or after March 15, 2018, at the applicable redemption prices specified under the indenture governing the 2023 Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of redemption. If we experience certain changes of control or consummate certain asset sales and do not reinvest the net proceeds, we must offer to repurchase all of the 2023 Notes at a purchase price of 101.00% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the repurchase date.    
The indenture governing the 2023 Notes contains restrictive covenants that, among other things, limit our ability and the ability of our subsidiaries to: (i) incur additional debt and issue disqualified or preferred stock, (ii) make restricted payments, (iii) sell assets, (iv) create or permit restrictions on the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to pay

14


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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)


dividends or make other distributions to the parent company, (v) create or incur certain liens, (vi) enter into sale and leaseback transactions, (vii) merge or consolidate with other entities and (viii) enter into transactions with affiliates. The foregoing limitations are subject to exceptions as set forth in the indenture governing the 2023 Notes. In addition, if in the future the 2023 Notes have an investment grade rating from at least two nationally recognized statistical rating organizations, certain of these covenants will be replaced with a less restrictive covenant. The indenture governing the 2023 Notes contains customary events of default (subject in certain cases to customary grace and cure periods). As of June 30, 2019, and December 30, 2018, we were in compliance with all covenants under the indenture governing the 2023 Notes.
5.375% Senior Notes due 2028
On July 25, 2019, we issued $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.375% senior unsecured notes (the "2028 Notes"), which mature on February 1, 2028. The 2028 Notes were issued in a private placement for resale to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A of the Securities Act, and to buyers outside of the United States pursuant to Regulation S under the Securities Act. The proceeds from the 2028 Notes, together with available cash balances, are intended to be used to redeem all $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of our existing 2023 Notes in August 2019 and to pay related premiums, fees and expenses.
ABL Facility
On January 31, 2019, we and certain of our subsidiaries amended and restated our asset-based revolving credit facility (the "ABL Facility") in order to extend the maturity date of the ABL Facility and amend certain other provisions. The amended and restated ABL Facility increased the revolving commitments to $250.0 million from $150.0 million and extended the final maturity date to January 31, 2024, from April 9, 2020. The borrowing base is calculated based on a percentage of the value of selected U.S., Canadian and U.K. accounts receivable and inventory, less certain ineligible amounts. Obligations under the ABL Facility are secured by a first priority security interest in such accounts receivable, inventory and other related assets of Masonite and our subsidiaries. In addition, obligations under the ABL Facility are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, on a senior secured basis, by certain of our directly or indirectly wholly-owned subsidiaries. Borrowings under the ABL Facility bear interest at a rate equal to, at our opinion, (i) the U.S., Canadian or U.K. Base Rate (each as defined in the credit agreement relating to the ABL Facility, the "Amended and Restated Credit Agreement") plus a margin ranging from 0.25% to 0.50% per annum, or (ii) the Adjusted LIBO Rate or BA Rate (each as defined in the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement), plus a margin ranging from 1.25% to 1.50% per annum. In addition to paying interest on any outstanding principal under the ABL Facility, a commitment fee is payable on the undrawn portion of the ABL Facility in an amount equal to 0.25% per annum of the average daily balance of unused commitments during each calendar quarter.
The ABL Facility contains various customary representations, warranties and covenants by us that, among other things, and subject to certain exceptions, restrict Masonite's ability and the ability of our subsidiaries to: (i) pay dividends on our common shares and make other restricted payments, (ii) make investments and acquisitions, (iii) engage in transactions with our affiliates, (iv) sell assets, (v) merge and (vi) create liens. The Amended and Restated Credit Agreement amended the ABL Facility to, among other things, (i) permit us to incur unlimited unsecured debt as long as such debt does not contain covenants or default provisions that are more restrictive than those contained in the ABL Facility, (ii) permit us to incur debt as long as the pro forma secured leverage ratio is less than 4.5 to 1.0, and (iii) add certain additional exceptions and exemptions under the restricted payment, investment and indebtedness covenants (including increasing the amount of certain debt permitted to be incurred under existing exceptions). As of June 30, 2019, and December 30, 2018, we were in compliance with all covenants under the credit agreement governing the ABL Facility and there were no amounts outstanding under the ABL Facility.
10. Commitments and Contingencies
The following discussion describes material developments in previously disclosed legal proceedings that occurred since December 30, 2018. Refer to Note 9. Commitments and Contingencies in the consolidated financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 30, 2018, for a full description of the previously disclosed legal proceedings.

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)


Class Action Proceedings
With respect to the consolidated purported class action direct purchaser and end-purchaser complaints filed against us and JELD-WEN, Inc., the judge denied our motion to transfer the proceedings from the Eastern District of Virginia, Richmond Division. On March 1, 2019, we filed a motion to dismiss all of the claims in both of these complaints. A hearing on our motion to dismiss was held on June 11, 2019, and as of August 6, 2019, the court had not ruled on the motion. Discovery in the case is proceeding.
In addition, from time to time, we are involved in various claims and legal actions. In the opinion of management, the ultimate disposition of these matters, individually and in the aggregate, will not have a material effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
11. Share Based Compensation Plans
Share based compensation expense was $2.1 million and $4.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, and $3.5 million and $6.6 million for the three and six months ended July 1, 2018, respectively. As of June 30, 2019, the total remaining unrecognized compensation expense related to share based compensation amounted to $22.4 million, which will be amortized over the weighted average remaining requisite service period of 1.9 years. Share based compensation expense is recognized using a graded-method approach, or to a lesser extent a cliff-vesting approach, depending on the terms of the individual award and is classified within selling, general and administration expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income. All share based awards are settled through issuance of new shares of our common stock. The share based award agreements contain restrictions on sale or transfer other than in limited circumstances. All other transfers would cause the share based awards to become null and void.
Equity Incentive Plans
Our equity incentive plans under the 2009 Plan and the 2012 Plan are described in detail and defined in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 30, 2018. The aggregate number of common shares that can be issued with respect to equity awards under the 2012 Plan cannot exceed 2,000,000 shares plus the number of shares subject to existing grants under the 2009 Plan that may expire or be forfeited or cancelled. As of June 30, 2019, there were 633,214 shares of common stock available for future issuance under the 2012 Plan.
Deferred Compensation Plan
We offer to certain of our employees and directors a Deferred Compensation Plan, which is described in detail in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 30, 2018. As of June 30, 2019, the liability and asset relating to deferred compensation had a fair value of $6.1 million and $6.3 million, respectively. Any unfunded gain or loss relating to changes in the fair value of the deferred compensation liability is recognized in selling, general and administration expense in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income. As of June 30, 2019, participation in the deferred compensation plan is limited and no restricted stock awards have been deferred into the deferred compensation plan.
Stock Appreciation Rights
We have granted Stock Appreciation Rights ("SARs") to certain employees under both the 2009 Plan and the 2012 Plan, which entitle the recipient to the appreciation in value of a number of common shares over the exercise price over a period of time, each as specified in the applicable award agreement. The exercise price of any SAR granted may not be less than the fair market value of our common shares on the date of grant. The compensation expense for the SARs is measured based on the fair value of the SARs at the date of grant and is recognized over the requisite service period. The SARs vest over a maximum of three years, have a life of ten years and settle in common shares. We recognize forfeitures of SARs in the period in which they occur.

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)


The total fair value of SARs vested was $1.1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019.
Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
Stock Appreciation Rights
 
Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)
 
 Weighted Average Exercise Price
 
 Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Outstanding, beginning of period
514,313

 
$
7,254

 
$
39.01

 
4.6
Granted
111,230

 

 
57.29

 
 
Exercised
(32,088
)
 
1,150

 
18.73

 
 
Forfeited
(8,329
)
 
 
 
67.24

 
 
Outstanding, end of period
585,126

 
$
8,386

 
$
43.20

 
4.2
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exercisable, end of period
411,119

 
$
8,386

 
$
35.59

 
2.1

The value of SARs granted is determined using the Black-Scholes Merton valuation model, and the corresponding expense is recognized over the average requisite service period of 2.0 years for all periods presented. Expected volatility is based upon the historical volatility of our public industry peers' common shares amongst other considerations. The expected term is calculated using the simplified method, due to insufficient exercise activity during recent years as a basis from which to estimate future exercise patterns. The weighted average grant date assumptions used for the SARs granted were as follows for the periods indicated:
 
2019 Grants
SAR value (model conclusion)
$
12.26

Risk-free rate
2.2
%
Expected dividend yield
0.0
%
Expected volatility
21.9
%
Expected term (years)
6.0


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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)


Restricted Stock Units
We have granted Restricted Stock Units ("RSUs") to directors and certain employees under both the 2009 Plan and the 2012 Plan. The RSUs confer the right to receive shares of our common stock at a specified future date or when certain conditions are met. The compensation expense for the RSUs awarded is based on the fair value of the RSUs at the date of grant and is recognized over the requisite service period. The RSUs vest over a maximum of three years and call for the underlying shares to be delivered no later than 30 days following the vesting date unless the participant is subject to a blackout period. In such case, the shares are to be delivered once the blackout restriction has been lifted. We recognize forfeitures of RSUs in the period in which they occur.
 
Six Months Ended
 
June 30, 2019
 
Total Restricted Stock Units Outstanding
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding, beginning of period
429,027

 
$
66.03

Granted
289,945

 
56.16

Performance adjustment (1)
(21,953
)
 
57.51

Delivered
(112,709
)
 
 
Withheld to cover (2)
(19,061
)
 
 
Forfeited
(15,931
)
 
 
Outstanding, end of period
549,318

 
$
59.86

____________
(1) Performance-based RSUs are presented as outstanding, granted and forfeited in the table above assuming targets are met and the awards pay out at 100%. The performance adjustment represents the difference in shares ultimately awarded due to performance attainment above or below target.
(2)
A portion of the vested RSUs delivered were net share settled to cover statutory requirements for income and other employment taxes. We remit the equivalent cash to the appropriate taxing authorities. These net share settlements had the effect of share repurchases by us as we reduced and retired the number of shares that would have otherwise been issued as a result of the vesting.
Approximately three-fourths of the RSUs granted during the six months ended June 30, 2019, vest at specified future dates with only service requirements, while the remaining portion of the RSUs vest based on both performance and service requirements. The expense for RSUs granted in the six months ended June 30, 2019, is being recognized over the weighted average requisite service period of 2.3 years. 132,266 RSUs vested during the six months ended June 30, 2019, at a fair value of $8.2 million.
12. Restructuring Costs
Restructuring costs were not material in the three or six months ended July 1, 2018. The following table summarizes the restructuring charges recorded for the periods indicated:
 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
(In thousands)
North American Residential
 
Europe
 
Architectural
 
Corporate & Other
 
Total
2019 Plan
$
945

 
$
5

 
$
(118
)
 
$
65

 
$
897

2018 Plan
368

 
96

 

 

 
464

Total Restructuring Costs
$
1,313

 
$
101

 
$
(118
)
 
$
65

 
$
1,361



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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)


 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
(In thousands)
North American Residential
 
Europe
 
Architectural
 
Corporate & Other
 
Total
2019 Plan
$
2,404

 
$
336

 
$
486

 
$
459

 
$
3,685

2018 Plan
789

 
627

 

 

 
1,416

Total Restructuring Costs
$
3,193

 
$
963

 
$
486

 
$
459

 
$
5,101

 
Cumulative Amount Incurred Through June 30, 2019
(In thousands)
North American Residential
 
Europe
 
Architectural
 
Corporate & Other
 
Total
2019 Plan
$
2,404

 
$
336

 
$
486

 
$
459

 
$
3,685

2018 Plan
1,064

 
1,976

 

 

 
3,040

2016 Plan

 

 
3,707

 

 
3,707

2014 Plan

 

 

 
7,993

 
7,993

Total Restructuring Costs
$
3,468

 
$
2,312

 
$
4,193

 
$
8,452

 
$
18,425


In February 2019, we began implementing a plan to improve overall business performance that includes the reorganization of our manufacturing capacity and a reduction of our overhead and selling, general and administration workforce across all of our reportable segments and in our head offices. The reorganization of our manufacturing capacity involves specific plants in the North American Residential and Architectural segments and costs associated with the closure of these plants and related headcount reductions have begun taking place in the first quarter of 2019 (collectively, the "2019 Plan"). Costs associated with the 2019 Plan include severance, retention and closure charges and will continue through 2020. Additionally, the plan to divest non-core assets was determined to be a triggering event requiring a test of the carrying value of the definite-lived assets relating to the divestitures, as further described in Note 13. As of June 30, 2019, we expect to incur approximately $9 million to $11 million of additional charges related to the 2019 Plan.
During the fourth quarter of 2018, we began implementing a plan to reorganize and consolidate certain aspects of our United Kingdom head office function and optimize our portfolio by divesting non-core assets to enable more effective and consistent business processes in the Europe segment. In addition, in the North America segment we announced a new facility that will optimize and expand capacity through increased automation, which resulted in the closure of one existing facility and related headcount reductions which completed in the second quarter of 2019 (collectively, the "2018 Plan"). Costs associated with the 2018 Plan include severance, retention and closure charges and will continue throughout 2019. As of June 30, 2019, we expect to incur approximately $1 million of additional charges related to the 2018 Plan.
Our restructuring plans initiated in 2016 and prior years are described in detail in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 30, 2018. Costs and actions associated with these restructuring plans include severance and closure charges and are substantially complete. As of June 30, 2019, we do not expect to incur any material future charges relating to our restructuring plans initiated in 2016 and prior years. Other plans initiated in prior years did not have a material impact on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income or consolidated statements of cash flows for the three or six months ended June 30, 2019, or July 1, 2018, or on the consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2019, or December 30, 2018.

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)


The changes in the accrual for restructuring by activity were as follows for the periods indicated:
(In thousands)
December 30,
2018
 
Severance
 
Closure Costs
 
Cash Payments
 
June 30,
2019
2019 Plan
$

 
$
3,061

 
$
624

 
$
(2,664
)
 
$
1,021

2018 Plan
596

 
1,317

 
99

 
(1,801
)
 
211

Other
58

 

 

 
(39
)
 
19

Total
$
654

 
$
4,378

 
$
723

 
$
(4,504
)
 
$
1,251

(In thousands)
December 31,
2017
 
Cash Payments
 
July 1,
2018
2016 Plan
$
90

 
$
(90
)
 
$

Other
194

 
(70
)
 
124

Total
$
284

 
$
(160
)
 
$
124


13. Asset Impairment
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, we recognized non-cash asset impairment charges of $3.1 million and $13.8 million related to two asset groups in the North American Residential segment, as a result of announced plant closures under the 2019 Plan. This amount was determined based upon the excess of the asset groups' carrying values of property, plant and equipment and operating lease right-of-use assets over the respective fair values of such assets, determined using a discounted cash flows approach for each asset group. Each of these valuations was performed on a non-recurring basis and is categorized as having Level 3 valuation inputs as established by the FASB's Fair Value Framework. The Level 3 unobservable inputs include an estimate of future cash flows and the salvage value for each of the asset groups. The fair value of the asset groups was determined to be $9.4 million, compared to a book value of $23.2 million, with the difference representing the asset impairment charge recorded in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
14. Income Taxes
The effective tax rate differs from the Canadian statutory rate of 26.4% primarily due to mix of earnings in foreign jurisdictions that are subject to tax rates which differ from the Canadian statutory rate and changes in our valuation allowances. In addition, we recognized $0.1 million of income tax expense due to the exercise and delivery of share-based awards during the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $0.1 million and $0.3 million of income tax benefit during the three and six months ended July 1, 2018.

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)


15. Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share ("EPS") is calculated by dividing earnings attributable to Masonite by the weighted-average number of our common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is calculated by dividing earnings attributable to Masonite by the weighted-average number of common shares plus the incremental number of shares issuable from non-vested and vested RSUs and SARs outstanding during the period.
(In thousands, except share and per share information)
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2019
 
July 1, 2018
 
June 30, 2019
 
July 1, 2018
Net income attributable to Masonite
$
24,242

 
$
34,741

 
$
28,031

 
$
55,567

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shares used in computing basic earnings per share
25,126,065

 
27,609,132

 
25,350,488

 
27,899,461

Effect of dilutive securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Incremental shares issuable under share compensation plans
250,553

 
420,454

 
295,035

 
502,753

Shares used in computing diluted earnings per share
25,376,618

 
28,029,586

 
25,645,523

 
28,402,214

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic earnings per common share attributable to Masonite
$
0.96

 
$
1.26

 
$
1.11

 
$
1.99

Diluted earnings per common share attributable to Masonite
$
0.96

 
$
1.24

 
$
1.09

 
$
1.96

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Anti-dilutive instruments excluded from diluted earnings per common share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stock appreciation rights
292,295

 
51,129

 
292,295

 
51,129

Restricted stock units
62,847

 

 
63,407

 


The weighted average number of shares outstanding utilized for the diluted EPS calculation contemplates the exercise of all currently outstanding SARs and the conversion of all RSUs. The dilutive effect of such equity awards is calculated based on the weighted average share price for each fiscal period using the treasury stock method. For all periods presented, common shares issuable for stock instruments which would have had an anti-dilutive impact under the treasury stock method have been excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share.
16. Segment Information
Our reportable segments are organized and managed principally by end market: North American Residential, Europe and Architectural. The North American Residential reportable segment is the aggregation of the Wholesale and Retail operating segments. The Europe reportable segment is the aggregation of the United Kingdom and Central Eastern Europe operating segments. The Architectural reportable segment consists solely of the Architectural operating segment. The Corporate & Other category includes unallocated corporate costs and the results of immaterial operating segments which were not aggregated into any reportable segment. Operating segments are aggregated into reportable segments only if they exhibit similar economic characteristics. In addition to similar economic characteristics we also consider the following factors in determining the reportable segments: the nature of business activities, the management structure directly accountable to our chief operating decision maker for operating and administrative activities, availability of discrete financial information and information presented to the Board of Directors and investors.

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)


Our management reviews net sales and Adjusted EBITDA (as defined below) to evaluate segment performance and allocate resources. Net assets are not allocated to the reportable segments. Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure which does not have a standardized meaning under GAAP and is unlikely to be comparable to similar measures used by other companies. Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered as an alternative to either net income or operating cash flows determined in accordance with GAAP. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income (loss) attributable to Masonite adjusted to exclude the following items:
• depreciation;
• amortization;
• share based compensation expense;
• loss (gain) on disposal of property, plant and equipment;
• registration and listing fees;
• restructuring costs;
• asset impairment;
• loss (gain) on disposal of subsidiaries;
• interest expense (income), net;
• loss on extinguishment of debt;
• other expense (income), net;
• income tax expense (benefit);
• loss (income) from discontinued operations, net of tax; and
• net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interest.
This definition of Adjusted EBITDA differs from the definitions of EBITDA contained in the indentures governing the 2026 Notes and 2023 Notes and the credit agreement governing the ABL Facility. Adjusted EBITDA is used to evaluate and compare the performance of the segments and it is one of the primary measures used to determine employee incentive compensation. Intersegment transfers are negotiated on an arm's length basis, using market prices. Certain information with respect to segments is as follows for the periods indicated:
 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
(In thousands)
North American Residential
 
Europe
 
Architectural
 
Corporate & Other
 
Total
Net sales
$
380,505

 
$
81,361

 
$
101,146

 
$
5,199

 
$
568,211

Intersegment sales
(895
)
 
(408
)
 
(3,965
)
 

 
(5,268
)
Net sales to external customers
$
379,610

 
$
80,953

 
$
97,181

 
$
5,199

 
$
562,943

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Adjusted EBITDA
$
63,401

 
$
13,408

 
$
12,778

 
$
(9,854
)
 
$
79,733

 
Three Months Ended July 1, 2018
(In thousands)
North American Residential
 
Europe
 
Architectural
 
Corporate & Other
 
Total
Net sales
$
378,936

 
$
101,389

 
$
86,552

 
$
6,317

 
$
573,194

Intersegment sales
(1,070
)
 
(643
)
 
(4,755
)
 

 
(6,468
)
Net sales to external customers
$
377,866

 
$
100,746

 
$
81,797

 
$
6,317

 
$
566,726

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Adjusted EBITDA
$
58,963

 
$
13,642

 
$
11,998

 
$
(6,317
)
 
$
78,286



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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)


 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
(In thousands)
North American Residential
 
Europe
 
Architectural
 
Corporate & Other
 
Total
Net sales
$
735,307

 
$
166,100

 
$
189,499

 
$
11,927

 
$
1,102,833

Intersegment sales
(1,972
)
 
(880
)
 
(6,727
)
 

 
(9,579
)
Net sales to external customers
$
733,335

 
$
165,220

 
$
182,772

 
$
11,927

 
$
1,093,254

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Adjusted EBITDA
$
117,022

 
$
23,405

 
$
20,392

 
$
(15,607
)
 
$
145,212

 
Six Months Ended July 1, 2018
(In thousands)
North American Residential
 
Europe
 
Architectural
 
Corporate & Other
 
Total
Net sales
$
739,478

 
$
189,141

 
$
158,116

 
$
10,741

 
$
1,097,476

Intersegment sales
(1,932
)
 
(1,291
)
 
(9,648
)
 

 
(12,871
)
Net sales to external customers
$
737,546

 
$
187,850

 
$
148,468

 
$
10,741

 
$
1,084,605

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Adjusted EBITDA
$
109,361

 
$
23,572

 
$
19,658

 
$
(12,891
)
 
$
139,700


A reconciliation of our consolidated Adjusted EBITDA to net income (loss) attributable to Masonite is set forth as follows for the periods indicated:
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In thousands)
June 30, 2019
 
July 1, 2018
 
June 30, 2019
 
July 1, 2018
Adjusted EBITDA
$
79,733

 
$
78,286

 
$
145,212

 
$
139,700

Less (plus):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Depreciation
18,201

 
13,700

 
36,486

 
27,634

Amortization
7,329

 
7,325

 
14,926

 
13,910

Share based compensation expense
2,093

 
3,538

 
4,773

 
6,603

Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment
1,322

 
1,900

 
4,235

 
2,512

Restructuring costs
1,361

 

 
5,101

 

Asset impairment
3,142

 

 
13,767

 

Loss on disposal of subsidiaries

 

 
4,605

 

Interest expense, net
11,357

 
9,074

 
22,484

 
17,830

Other income, net of expense
(456
)
 
(839
)
 
(1,586
)
 
(861
)
Income tax expense
10,293

 
7,894

 
10,351

 
14,595

Net income attributable to non-controlling interest
849

 
953

 
2,039

 
1,910

Net income attributable to Masonite
$
24,242

 
$
34,741

 
$
28,031

 
$
55,567


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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)


17. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss and Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
A rollforward of the components of accumulated other comprehensive loss is as follows for the periods indicated:
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In thousands)
June 30, 2019
 
July 1, 2018
 
June 30, 2019
 
July 1, 2018
Accumulated foreign currency translation losses, beginning of period
$
(116,143
)
 
$
(83,829
)
 
$
(129,930
)
 
$
(89,824
)
Foreign currency translation gain
(5,178
)
 
(31,445
)
 
7,812

 
(25,671
)
Income tax benefit (expense) on foreign currency translation gain
13

 
(21
)
 
25

 
(43
)
Cumulative translation adjustment recognized upon deconsolidation of subsidiary

 

 
1,001

 

Less: foreign currency translation gain (loss) attributable to non-controlling interest
132

 
(369
)
 
348

 
(612
)
Accumulated foreign currency translation losses, end of period
(121,440
)
 
(114,926
)
 
(121,440
)
 
(114,926
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accumulated pension and other post-retirement adjustments, beginning of period
(22,690
)
 
(20,106
)
 
(22,989
)
 
(20,328
)
Amortization of actuarial net losses
403

 
299

 
807

 
599

Income tax expense on amortization of actuarial net losses
(105
)
 
(79
)
 
(210
)
 
(157
)
Accumulated pension and other post-retirement adjustments
(22,392
)
 
(19,886
)
 
(22,392
)
 
(19,886
)
 
 
 


 
 
 


Accumulated other comprehensive loss
$
(143,832
)
 
$
(134,812
)
 
$
(143,832
)
 
$
(134,812
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
$
(4,867
)
 
$
(31,246
)
 
$
9,435

 
$
(25,272
)
Less: other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interest
132

 
(369
)
 
348

 
(612
)
Other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Masonite
$
(4,999
)
 
$
(30,877
)
 
$
9,087

 
$
(24,660
)
Cumulative translation adjustments are reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive loss into loss on disposal of subsidiaries. Actuarial net losses are reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive loss into cost of goods sold in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

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NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)


18. Supplemental Cash Flow Information
Certain cash and non-cash transactions were as follows for the periods indicated:
 
Six Months Ended
(In thousands)
June 30, 2019
 
July 1, 2018
Transactions involving cash:
 
 
 
Interest paid
$
24,068

 
$
17,775

Interest received
1,158

 
504

Income taxes paid
8,392

 
4,380

Income tax refunds

 
81

Cash paid for operating lease liabilities
12,724

 

Non-cash transactions:
 
 
 
Right-of-use assets acquired under operating leases
48,970

 


The following reconciles total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash as of the dates indicated:
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 30, 2018
Cash and cash equivalents
$
112,644

 
$
115,656

Restricted cash
10,644

 
10,485

Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
$
123,288

 
$
126,141


Property, plant and equipment additions in accounts payable were $3.5 million and $8.7 million as of June 30, 2019, and December 30, 2018, respectively.
19. Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying amounts of our cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, income taxes receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses and income taxes payable approximate fair value because of the short-term maturity of those instruments. The estimated fair value of the 2026 Notes as of June 30, 2019, was $310.4 million, compared to a carrying value of $296.1 million, and as of December 30, 2018, was $282.6 million, compared to a carrying value of $295.8 million. The estimated fair value of the 2023 Notes as of June 30, 2019, was $514.2 million, compared to a carrying value of $499.5 million, and as of December 30, 2018, was $484.9 million, compared to a carrying value of $499.5 million. These estimates are based on market quotes and calculations based on current market rates available to us and are categorized as having Level 2 valuation inputs as established by the FASB's Fair Value Framework. Market quotes used in these calculations are based on bid prices for our debt instruments and are obtained from and corroborated with multiple independent sources. The market quotes obtained from independent sources are within the range of management's expectations.

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Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ("MD&A") is based upon accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and discusses the financial condition and results of operations for Masonite International Corporation for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, and July 1, 2018. In this MD&A, "Masonite," "we," "us," "our" and the "Company" refer to Masonite International Corporation and its subsidiaries.
This discussion should be read in conjunction with (i) the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and (ii) the annual audited consolidated financial statements, including the accompanying notes and MD&A, which are included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 30, 2018. The following discussion should also be read in conjunction with the disclosure under "Special Note Regarding Forward Looking Statements" elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Our actual results could differ materially from the forward-looking statements as a result of these risks and uncertainties. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current basis of presentation.
Overview
We are a leading global designer, manufacturer and distributor of interior and exterior doors for the new construction and repair, renovation and remodeling sectors of the residential and the non-residential building construction markets. Since 1925, we have provided our customers with innovative products and superior service at compelling values. In order to better serve our customers and create sustainable competitive advantages, we focus on developing innovative products, advanced manufacturing capabilities and technology-driven sales and service solutions.
We market and sell our products to remodeling contractors, builders, homeowners, retailers, dealers, lumberyards, commercial and general contractors and architects through well-established wholesale, retail and direct distribution channels as part of our cross-merchandising strategy. Customers are provided a broad product offering of interior and exterior doors and entry systems at various price points. We manufacture a broad line of interior doors, including residential molded, flush, stile and rail, louver and specially-ordered commercial and architectural doors; door components for internal use and sale to other door manufacturers; and exterior residential steel, fiberglass and wood doors and entry systems.
We operate 65 manufacturing and distribution facilities in 8 countries in North America, South America, Europe and Asia, which are strategically located to serve our customers through multiple distribution channels. These distribution channels include: (i) direct distribution to retail home center customers and homebuilders; (ii) one-step distribution that sells directly to homebuilders and contractors; and (iii) two-step distribution through wholesale distributors. For retail home center customers, numerous door fabrication facilities provide value-added fabrication and logistical services, including pre-finishing and store delivery of pre-hung interior and exterior doors. We believe our ability to provide: (i) a broad product range; (ii) frequent, rapid, on-time and complete delivery; (iii) consistency in products and merchandising; (iv) national service; and (v) special order programs enables retail customers to increase comparable store sales and helps to differentiate us from our competitors. We believe investments in innovative new product manufacturing and distribution capabilities, coupled with an ongoing commitment to operational excellence, provide a strong platform for future growth.
Our reportable segments are organized and managed principally by end market: North American Residential, Europe and Architectural. In the six months ended June 30, 2019, we generated net sales of $733.3 million or 67.1%, $165.2 million or 15.1% and $182.8 million or 16.7% in our North American Residential, Europe and Architectural segments, respectively.
Key Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations
Product Demand
There are numerous factors that influence overall market demand for our products. Demand for new homes, home improvement products and other building construction products have a direct impact on our financial condition and results of operations. Demand for our products may be impacted by changes in United States, Canadian, European, Asian or other global economic conditions, including inflation, deflation, interest rates, availability of capital, consumer

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spending rates, energy availability and costs, and the effects of governmental initiatives to manage economic conditions. Additionally, trends in residential new construction, repair, renovation and remodeling and architectural building construction may directly impact our financial performance. Accordingly, the following factors may have a direct impact on our business in the countries and regions in which our products are sold:
the strength of the economy;
the amount and type of residential and commercial construction;
housing sales and home values;
the age of existing home stock, home vacancy rates and foreclosures;
non-residential building occupancy rates;
increases in the cost of raw materials or wages or any shortage in supplies or labor;
the availability and cost of credit;
employment rates and consumer confidence; and
demographic factors such as immigration and migration of the population and trends in household formation.
Additionally, the United Kingdom's ("UK") anticipated exit from the European Union ("EU") ("Brexit") has created uncertainty in European demand, particularly in the UK, which could have a material adverse effect on the demand for our products in the foreseeable future. The anticipated exit has been postponed due to a failure to reach a deal on exit terms, and the new deadline is currently October 31, 2019.
Product Pricing and Mix
The building products industry is highly competitive and we therefore face pressure on sales prices of our products. In addition, our competitors may adopt more aggressive sales policies and devote greater resources to the development, promotion and sale of their products than we do, which could result in a loss of customers. Our business in general is subject to changing consumer and industry trends, demands and preferences. Trends within the industry change often and our failure to anticipate, identify or quickly react to changes in these trends could lead to, among other things, rejection of a new product line and reduced demand and price reductions for our products, which could materially adversely affect us. Changes in consumer preferences may also lead to increased demand for our lower margin products relative to our higher margin products, which could reduce our future profitability.
Business Wins and Losses
Our customers consist mainly of wholesalers and retail home centers. In fiscal year 2018, our top ten customers together accounted for approximately 44% of our net sales and our top customer, The Home Depot, Inc. accounted for approximately 18% of our net sales. Net sales from customers that have accounted for a significant portion of our net sales in past periods, individually or as a group, may not continue in future periods, or if continued, may not reach or exceed historical levels in any period. Certain customers perform periodic product line reviews to assess their product offerings, which have, on past occasions, led to business wins and losses. In addition, as a result of competitive bidding processes, we may not be able to increase or maintain the margins at which we sell our products to our customers.
Organizational Restructuring
Over the past several years, we have engaged in a series of restructuring programs related to exiting certain geographies and non-core businesses, consolidating certain internal support functions and engaging in other actions designed to reduce our cost structure and improve productivity. These initiatives primarily consist of severance actions and lease termination costs. Management continues to evaluate our business; therefore, in future years, there may be additional provisions for new plan initiatives, as well as changes in previously recorded estimates, as payments are made or actions are completed. Asset impairment charges were also incurred in connection with these restructuring actions for those assets sold, abandoned or made obsolete as a result of these programs.
In February 2019, we began implementing a plan to improve overall business performance that includes the reorganization of our manufacturing capacity and a reduction of our overhead and selling, general and administration workforce across all of our reportable segments and in our head offices. The reorganization of our manufacturing capacity involves specific plants in the North American Residential and Architectural segments and costs associated with the closure of these plants and related headcount reductions have begun taking place in the first quarter of 2019

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(collectively, the "2019 Plan"). Costs associated with the 2019 Plan include severance, retention and closure charges and will continue through 2020. Additionally, the plan to divest non-core assets was determined to be a triggering event requiring a test of the carrying value of the definite-lived assets relating to the divestitures, as further described in Note 13. As of June 30, 2019, we expect to incur approximately $9 million to $11 million of charges related to the 2019 Plan. Once fully implemented, the actions taken as part of the 2019 Plan are expected to increase our annual earnings and cash flows by approximately $14 million to $19 million.
During the fourth quarter of 2018, we began implementing a plan to reorganize and consolidate certain aspects of our United Kingdom head office function and optimize our portfolio by divesting non-core assets to enable more effective and consistent business processes in the Europe segment. In addition, in the North America segment we announced a new facility that will optimize and expand capacity through increased automation, which resulted in the closure of one existing facility and related headcount reductions which completed in the second quarter of 2019 (collectively, the "2018 Plan"). Costs associated with the 2018 Plan include severance, retention and closure charges and will continue throughout 2019. As of June 30, 2019, we expect to incur approximately $1 million of additional charges related to the 2018 Plan. Once fully implemented, the actions taken as part of the 2018 Plan are expected to increase our annual earnings and cash flows by approximately $6 million.
Foreign Exchange Rate Fluctuation
Our financial results may be adversely affected by fluctuating exchange rates. In the six months ended June 30, 2019, approximately 32% of our net sales were generated outside of the United States. In addition, a significant percentage of our costs during the same period were not denominated in U.S. dollars. For example, for most of our manufacturing and distribution facilities, the prices for a significant portion of our raw materials are quoted in the domestic currency of the country where the facility is located or other currencies that are not U.S. dollars. We also have substantial assets outside the United States. As a result, the volatility in the price of the U.S. dollar has exposed, and in the future may continue to expose, us to currency exchange risks. Also, since our financial statements are denominated in U.S. dollars, changes in currency exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and other currencies have had, and will continue to have, an impact on many aspects of our financial results. Changes in currency exchange rates for any country in which we operate may require us to raise the prices of our products in that country or allow our competitors to sell their products at lower prices in that country. Unrealized exchange gains and losses arising from the translation of the financial statements of our non-U.S. functional currency operations are accumulated in the cumulative translation adjustments account in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).
Since the UK triggered Brexit, there has been instability in global financial and foreign exchange markets, including volatility in the relationship of the Pound Sterling to the U.S. Dollar. The average exchange rate of the Pound Sterling to the U.S. Dollar during the six months ended June 30, 2019, was 6% lower than the average for the same period in 2018, which has impacted our net sales and net income in the Europe segment. Future volatility in the Pound Sterling could continue as the UK negotiates its anticipated exit from the EU. Currently, there is no withdrawal agreement in place for the UK to exit the EU. If the UK and the EU are unable to reach an agreement and the UK exits the EU without an agreement in place, it will likely create further uncertainty and currency volatility, which may increase the cost of goods imported into our UK operations or decrease the profitability of the UK operations. Additionally, since our financial statements are denominated in U.S. Dollars, volatility in the Pound Sterling affects our reported results of operations, balance sheet and cash flows. In the longer term, any impact from Brexit on our UK operations will depend, in part, on the outcome of tariff, trade, regulatory and other negotiations.
Inflation
An increase in inflation could have a significant impact on the cost of our raw material inputs. Wage inflation, increased prices for raw materials or finished goods used in our products, tariffs and/or interruptions in deliveries of raw materials or finished goods could adversely affect our profitability, margins and net sales, particularly if we are not able to pass these incurred costs on to our customers. In addition, interest rates normally increase during periods of rising inflation. Historically, as interest rates increase, demand for new homes and home improvement products decreases.
Seasonality
Our business is moderately seasonal and our net sales vary from quarter to quarter based upon the timing of the building season in our markets. Severe weather conditions in any quarter, such as unusually prolonged warm or cold conditions, rain, blizzards or hurricanes, could accelerate, delay or halt construction and renovation activity.

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Acquisitions and Disposition
We have pursued a strategic initiative of optimizing our global business portfolio. As part of this strategy, in the last several years we have pursued strategic acquisitions targeting companies who produce components for our existing operations, manufacture niche products and provide value-added services. Additionally, we target companies with strong brands, complementary technologies, attractive geographic footprints and opportunities for cost and distribution synergies. We also continuously analyze our operations to determine which businesses, market channels and products create the most value for our customers and acceptable returns for our shareholders.
Acquisitions
BWI: On November 1, 2018, we completed the acquisition of the operating assets of Bridgewater Wholesalers Inc. ("BWI") for total consideration of $22.3 million, subject to certain customary post-closing adjustments. BWI is headquartered in Branchburg, New Jersey, and is a fabricator and distributor of residential interior and exterior door systems, supporting customers in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern United States. Their product offerings include residential interior and exterior doors, commercial doors and hardware as well as value added pre-finishing services. Due to the timing of the acquisition, the purchase price allocation was not complete as of the date the financial statements were issued.
Graham and Maiman: On June 1, 2018, we completed the acquisition of the operating assets of the wood door companies of AADG, Inc., including the brands Graham Manufacturing Corporation and The Maiman Company (collectively, "Graham & Maiman"). We acquired the operating assets of Graham & Maiman for cash consideration of $39.0 million. Graham & Maiman are based in Mason City, Iowa, and Springfield, Missouri. Graham & Maiman provide the non-residential construction industry with a full range of architectural premium and custom grade flush wood doors, architectural stile and rail wood doors, thermal-fused flush wood doors and wood door frames.
DW3: On January 29, 2018, we completed the acquisition of DW3 Products Holdings Limited ("DW3"), a leading UK provider of high quality premium door solutions and window systems, supplying products under brand names such as Solidor, Residor, Nicedor and Residence. We acquired 100% of the equity interests in DW3, funded solely by cash on hand of $96.3 million, net of cash acquired. DW3 is based in Stoke-on-Trent and Gloucester, England, and their online quick ship capabilities and product portfolio both complement and expand the strategies we are pursuing with our business.
Disposition
PDS: On March 21, 2019, we completed the sale of all of the capital stock of Performance Doorset Solutions Limited ("PDS") for nominal consideration. The disposition of this business resulted in a loss on deconsolidation of $4.6 million, which was recognized during the first quarter of 2019 in the Europe segment.
Components of Results of Operations
There have been no material changes to the information provided in the section entitled "Components of Results of Operations" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 30, 2018. For the definition of and other information regarding Adjusted EBITDA, please see Note 16. Segment Information in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in this Quarterly Report.

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Results of Operations
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In thousands)
June 30, 2019
 
July 1, 2018
 
June 30, 2019
 
July 1, 2018
Net sales
$
562,943

 
$
566,726

 
$
1,093,254

 
$
1,084,605

Cost of goods sold
434,013

 
443,052

 
852,220

 
855,502

Gross profit
128,930

 
123,674

 
241,034

 
229,103

Gross profit as a % of net sales
22.9
%
 
21.8
%
 
22.0
%
 
21.1
%
Selling, general and administration expenses
78,142

 
71,851

 
156,242

 
140,062

Selling, general and administration expenses as a % of net sales
13.9
%
 
12.7
%
 
14.3
%
 
12.9
%
Restructuring costs
1,361

 

 
5,101

 

Asset impairment
3,142

 

 
13,767

 

Loss on disposal of subsidiaries

 

 
4,605

 

Operating income
46,285

 
51,823

 
61,319

 
89,041

Interest expense, net
11,357

 
9,074

 
22,484

 
17,830

Other income, net of expense
(456
)
 
(839
)
 
(1,586
)
 
(861
)
Income before income tax expense
35,384

 
43,588

 
40,421

 
72,072

Income tax expense
10,293

 
7,894

 
10,351

 
14,595

Net income
25,091

 
35,694

 
30,070

 
57,477

Less: net income attributable to non-controlling interests
849

 
953

 
2,039

 
1,910

Net income attributable to Masonite
$
24,242

 
$
34,741

 
$
28,031

 
$
55,567

Three Months Ended June 30, 2019, Compared with Three Months Ended July 1, 2018
Net Sales
Net sales in the three months ended June 30, 2019, were $562.9 million, a decrease of $3.8 million or 0.7% from $566.7 million in the three months ended July 1, 2018. Net sales in the second quarter of 2019 were negatively impacted by $7.8 million as a result of foreign exchange rate fluctuations. Excluding this exchange rate impact, net sales would have increased by $4.0 million or 0.7%. Average unit price increased net sales in the second quarter of 2019 by $36.1 million or 6.4% compared to the 2018 period. Our 2018 acquisitions, net of dispositions, contributed $11.4 million or 2.0% of incremental net sales in the second quarter of 2019. Lower volumes excluding the incremental impact of acquisitions and dispositions ("base volume") decreased net sales by $39.8 million or 7.0% in the second quarter of 2019 compared to the 2018 period. Net sales of components and other products to external customers were $3.7 million lower in the second quarter of 2019 compared to the 2018 period.
Net Sales and Percentage of Net Sales by Reportable Segment
 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
(In thousands)
North American Residential
 
Europe
 
Architectural
 
Corporate & Other
 
Total
Sales
$
380,505

 
$
81,361

 
$
101,146

 
$
5,199

 
$
568,211

Intersegment sales
(895
)
 
(408
)
 
(3,965
)
 

 
(5,268
)
Net sales to external customers
$
379,610

 
$
80,953

 
$
97,181

 
$
5,199

 
$
562,943

Percentage of consolidated external net sales
67.4
%
 
14.4
%
 
17.3
%
 
 
 
 

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Three Months Ended July 1, 2018
(In thousands)
North American Residential
 
Europe
 
Architectural
 
Corporate & Other
 
Total
Sales
$
378,936

 
$
101,389

 
$
86,552

 
$
6,317

 
$
573,194

Intersegment sales
(1,070
)
 
(643
)
 
(4,755
)
 

 
(6,468
)
Net sales to external customers
$
377,866

 
$
100,746

 
$
81,797

 
$
6,317

 
$
566,726

Percentage of consolidated external net sales
66.7
%
 
17.8
%
 
14.4
%
 
 
 
 
North American Residential
Net sales to external customers from facilities in the North American Residential segment in the three months ended June 30, 2019, were $379.6 million, an increase of $1.7 million or 0.4% from $377.9 million in the three months ended July 1, 2018. Net sales in the second quarter of 2019 were negatively impacted by $2.4 million as a result of foreign exchange rate fluctuations. Excluding this exchange rate impact, net sales would have increased by $4.1 million or 1.1%. Average unit price increased net sales in the second quarter of 2019 by $27.8 million or 7.4% compared to the 2018 period. Our 2018 acquisition of BWI contributed $12.1 million or 3.2% of incremental net sales in the second quarter of 2019. Lower base volume decreased net sales in the second quarter of 2019 by $33.8 million or 8.9% compared to the 2018 period, due primarily to weak end market conditions. Net sales of components and other products to external customers were $2.0 million lower in the second quarter of 2019 compared to the 2018 period.
Europe
Net sales to external customers from facilities in the Europe segment in the three months ended June 30, 2019, were $81.0 million, a decrease of $19.7 million or 19.6% from $100.7 million in the three months ended July 1, 2018. Net sales in the second quarter of 2019 were negatively impacted by $5.1 million as a result of foreign exchange fluctuations. Excluding this exchange rate impact, net sales would have decreased by $14.6 million or 14.5%. Our 2019 dispositions of two non-core businesses reduced net sales by $11.2 million or 11.1% in the second quarter of 2019 compared to the 2018 period. Lower base volume decreased net sales by $6.9 million or 6.9% in the second quarter of 2019 compared to the 2018 period, primarily due to share loss in the builder channel. Net sales of components and other products to external customers were $1.0 million lower in the second quarter of 2019 compared to the 2018 period. Average unit price increased net sales in the second quarter of 2019 by $4.5 million or 4.5% compared to the 2018 period.
Architectural
Net sales to external customers from facilities in the Architectural segment in the three months ended June 30, 2019, were $97.2 million, an increase of $15.4 million or 18.8% from $81.8 million in the three months ended July 1, 2018. Net sales in the second quarter of 2019 were negatively impacted by $0.3 million as a result of foreign exchange fluctuations. Excluding this exchange rate impact, net sales would have increased by $15.7 million or 19.2%. Our 2018 acquisition of Graham & Maiman contributed $10.5 million or 12.8% of incremental net sales in the second quarter of 2019. Average unit price increased net sales in the second quarter of 2019 by $3.8 million or 4.6% compared to the 2018 period. Higher base volume increased net sales in the second quarter of 2019 by $1.5 million or 1.8% compared to the 2018 period. Net sales of components and other products to external customers were $0.1 million lower in the second quarter of 2019 compared to the 2018 period.

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Cost of Goods Sold
Cost of goods sold as a percentage of net sales was 77.1% and 78.2% for the three months ended June 30, 2019, and July 1, 2018, respectively. Material cost of sales and direct labor as a percentage of net sales decreased by 2.2% and 0.5%, respectively. Partly offsetting these increases, overhead and depreciation as a percentage of net sales in the second quarter of 2019 increased by 1.0% and 0.6%, respectively. Distribution costs in the second quarter of 2019 were flat as a percentage of sales compared to the second quarter of 2018. Within cost of goods sold, we incurred $4.0 million of discrete charges in the second quarter of 2019 related to plant damages and factory start-up costs, which were primarily recorded within overhead. Additionally, overhead as a percentage of net sales was negatively impacted by lower volumes, while the decrease in material cost of sales as a percentage of net sales was driven by higher average unit prices, partly offset by an increase due to inflation.
Selling, General and Administration Expenses
In the three months ended June 30, 2019, selling, general and administration ("SG&A") expenses, as a percentage of net sales, were 13.9% compared to 12.7% in the three months ended July 1, 2018, an increase of 120 basis points.
SG&A expenses in the three months ended June 30, 2019, were $78.1 million, an increase of $6.2 million from $71.9 million in the three months ended July 1, 2018. The overall increase was driven by an increase in personnel costs of $4.0 million, incremental SG&A from our 2018 acquisitions (net of dispositions) of $1.9 million, an increase in bad debt expense of $0.7 million and other increases of $1.4 million. These increases were partially offset by a $1.0 million decrease in non-cash items in SG&A expenses, including share based compensation, depreciation and amortization, deferred compensation and loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment, and favorable foreign exchange impacts of $0.8 million. The increase in personnel costs was primarily due to incentive compensation and the increase from our 2018 acquisitions was driven by amortization of intangible assets.
Restructuring Costs, Net
Restructuring costs in the three months ended June 30, 2019 were $1.4 million. There were no restructuring costs in the three months ended July 1, 2018. Restructuring costs in the current year were related to the 2019 and 2018 Plans.
Asset Impairment
Asset impairment charges in the three months ended June 30, 2019, were $3.1 million. There were no asset impairment charges in the three months ended July 1, 2018. Asset impairment charges in the current quarter resulted from actions associated with the 2019 Plan.
Interest Expense, Net
Interest expense, net, in the three months ended June 30, 2019, was $11.4 million, compared to $9.1 million in the three months ended July 1, 2018. This increase primarily relates to the issuance of $300.0 million aggregate principal amount of additional 2026 Senior Notes on August 27, 2018.
Other Income, Net of Expense
Other income, net of expense, in the three months ended June 30, 2019, was $0.5 million compared to $0.8 million in the three months ended July 1, 2018.
Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense in the three months ended June 30, 2019, was $10.3 million compared to $7.9 million in the three months ended July 1, 2018. This increase was primarily due to the reduction in discrete income tax benefit recognized as well as the mix of income or losses within the tax jurisdictions with various tax rates in which we operate. We recognized discrete items resulting in income tax expense of $0.5 million in the three months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $1.4 million of income tax benefit recorded in the three months ended July 1, 2018.

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Segment Information
 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
(In thousands)
North American Residential
 
Europe
 
Architectural
 
Corporate & Other
 
Total
Adjusted EBITDA
$
63,401

 
$
13,408

 
$
12,778

 
$
(9,854
)
 
$
79,733

Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of segment net sales
16.7
%
 
16.6
%
 
13.1
%
 
 
 
14.2
%
 
Three Months Ended July 1, 2018
(In thousands)
North American Residential
 
Europe
 
Architectural
 
Corporate & Other
 
Total
Adjusted EBITDA
$
58,963

 
$
13,642

 
$
11,998

 
$
(6,317
)
 
$
78,286

Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of segment net sales
15.6
%
 
13.5
%
 
14.7
%
 
 
 
13.8
%
The following reconciles Adjusted EBITDA to net income (loss) attributable to Masonite:    
 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
(In thousands)
North American Residential
 
Europe
 
Architectural
 
Corporate & Other
 
Total
Adjusted EBITDA
$
63,401

 
$
13,408

 
$
12,778

 
$
(9,854
)
 
$
79,733

Less (plus):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Depreciation
9,800

 
2,354

 
3,505

 
2,542

 
18,201

Amortization
437

 
3,656

 
2,154

 
1,082

 
7,329

Share based compensation expense

 

 

 
2,093

 
2,093

Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment
1,110

 
148

 
49

 
15

 
1,322

Restructuring costs
1,313

 
101

 
(118
)
 
65

 
1,361

Asset impairment
3,142

 

 

 

 
3,142

Interest expense, net

 

 

 
11,357

 
11,357

Other (income), net of expense
86

 
(35
)
 
2

 
(509
)
 
(456
)
Income tax expense

 

 

 
10,293

 
10,293

Net income attributable to non-controlling interest
684

 

 

 
165

 
849

Net income (loss) attributable to Masonite
$
46,829

 
$
7,184

 
$
7,186

 
$
(36,957
)
 
$
24,242


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Three Months Ended July 1, 2018
(In thousands)
North American Residential
 
Europe
 
Architectural
 
Corporate & Other
 
Total
Adjusted EBITDA
$
58,963

 
$
13,642

 
$
11,998

 
$
(6,317
)
 
$
78,286

Less (plus):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Depreciation
7,090

 
2,575

 
2,192

 
1,843

 
13,700

Amortization
295

 
4,058

 
2,257

 
715

 
7,325

Share based compensation expense

 

 

 
3,538

 
3,538

Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment
472

 
6

 
24

 
1,398

 
1,900

Interest expense, net

 

 

 
9,074

 
9,074

Other (income), net of expense

 
147

 

 
(986
)
 
(839
)
Income tax expense

 

 

 
7,894

 
7,894

Net income attributable to non-controlling interest
891

 

 

 
62

 
953

Net income (loss) attributable to Masonite
$
50,215

 
$
6,856

 
$
7,525

 
$
(29,855
)
 
$
34,741

Adjusted EBITDA in our North American Residential segment increased $4.4 million, or 7.5%, to $63.4 million in the three months ended June 30, 2019, from $59.0 million in the three months ended July 1, 2018. Adjusted EBITDA in the North American Residential segment included corporate allocations of shared costs of $13.9 million and $13.6 million, in the second quarter of 2019 and 2018, respectively. The allocations generally consist of certain costs of human resources, legal, finance, information technology and research and development.
Adjusted EBITDA in our Europe segment decreased $0.2 million, or 1.5%, to $13.4 million in the three months ended June 30, 2019, from $13.6 million in the three months ended July 1, 2018. Adjusted EBITDA in the Europe segment included corporate allocations of shared costs of $0.2 million in the second quarter of 2019. There were no such allocations in the second quarter of 2018. The allocations generally consist of certain costs of human resources, legal, finance and information technology.
Adjusted EBITDA in our Architectural segment increased $0.8 million, or 6.7%, to $12.8 million in the three months ended June 30, 2019, from $12.0 million in the three months ended July 1, 2018. Adjusted EBITDA in the Architectural segment also included corporate allocations of shared costs of $2.6 million and $2.2 million, in the second quarter of 2019 and 2018, respectively. The allocations generally consist of certain costs of human resources, legal, finance, information technology and research and development.
Six Months Ended June 30, 2019, Compared with Six Months Ended July 1, 2018
Net Sales
Net sales in the six months ended June 30, 2019, were $1,093.3 million, an increase of $8.7 million or 0.8% from $1,084.6 million in the six months ended July 1, 2018. Net sales in the first six months of 2019 were negatively impacted by $17.5 million as a result of foreign exchange rate fluctuations. Excluding this exchange rate impact, net sales would have increased by $26.2 million or 2.4%. Average unit price increased net sales in the first six months of 2019 by $59.6 million or 5.5% compared to the same period in 2018. Our 2018 acquisitions, net of dispositions, contributed $36.2 million or 3.3% of incremental net sales in the first six months of 2019. Lower base volumes decreased net sales by $65.6 million or 6.0% in the first six months of 2019 compared to the same period in 2018. Net sales of components and other products to external customers, were $4.0 million lower in the first six months of 2019 compared to the same period in 2018.

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Net Sales and Percentage of Net Sales by Reportable Segment
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
(In thousands)
North American Residential
 
Europe
 
Architectural
 
Corporate & Other
 
Total
Sales
$
735,307

 
$
166,100

 
$
189,499

 
$
11,927

 
$
1,102,833

Intersegment sales
(1,972
)
 
(880
)
 
(6,727
)
 

 
(9,579
)
Net sales to external customers
$
733,335

 
$
165,220

 
$
182,772

 
$
11,927

 
$
1,093,254

Percentage of consolidated external net sales
67.1
%
 
15.1
%
 
16.7
%
 
 
 
 
 
Six Months Ended July 1, 2018
(In thousands)
North American Residential
 
Europe
 
Architectural
 
Corporate & Other
 
Total
Sales
$
739,478

 
$
189,141

 
$
158,116

 
$
10,741

 
$
1,097,476

Intersegment sales
(1,932
)
 
(1,291
)
 
(9,648
)
 

 
(12,871
)
Net sales to external customers
$
737,546

 
$
187,850

 
$
148,468

 
$
10,741

 
$
1,084,605

Percentage of consolidated external net sales
68.0
%
 
17.3
%
 
13.7
%
 
 
 
 
North American Residential
Net sales to external customers from facilities in the North American Residential segment in the six months ended June 30, 2019, were $733.3 million, a decrease of $4.2 million or 0.6% from $737.5 million in the six months ended July 1, 2018. Net sales in the first six months of 2019 were negatively impacted by $5.8 million as a result of foreign exchange rate fluctuations. Excluding this exchange rate impact, net sales would have increased by $1.6 million or 0.2%. Average unit price increased net sales in the first six months of 2019 by $48.2 million or 6.5% compared to the same period in 2018. Our 2018 acquisition of BWI contributed $23.5 million or 3.2% of incremental net sales in the first six months of 2019. Lower base volume decreased net sales by $66.2 million or 9.0% in the first six months of 2019 compared to the same period in 2018 due primarily to weak end market conditions. Net sales of components and other products to external customers were $3.9 million lower in the first six months of 2019 compared to the same period in 2018.
Europe
Net sales to external customers from facilities in the Europe segment in the six months ended June 30, 2019, were $165.2 million, a decrease of $22.6 million or 12.0% from $187.8 million in the six months ended July 1, 2018. Net sales in 2019 were negatively impacted by $10.8 million as a result of foreign exchange fluctuations. Excluding this exchange rate impact, net sales would have decreased by $11.8 million or 6.3%. Net sales in the first six months of 2019 were reduced by $11.7 million or 6.2% due to the net impact of acquisitions and dispositions, including lost sales due to the dispositions of two non-core businesses, partly offset by incremental sales from the DW3 acquisition. Lower base volume decreased net sales in the first six months of 2019 by $2.3 million or 1.2% compared to the same period in 2018. Net sales of components and other products to external customers were $2.3 million lower in the first six months of 2019 compared to the same period in 2018. Average unit price increased net sales in the first six months of 2019 by $4.5 million or 2.4% compared to the same period in 2018.
Architectural
Net sales to external customers from facilities in the Architectural segment in the six months ended June 30, 2019, were $182.8 million, an increase of $34.3 million or 23.1% from $148.5 million in the six months ended July 1, 2018. Net sales in 2019 were negatively impacted by $0.8 million as a result of foreign exchange fluctuations. Excluding this exchange rate impact, net sales would have increased by $35.1 million or 23.6%. Our 2018 acquisition of Graham & Maiman contributed $24.3 million or 16.4% of incremental net sales in the first six months of 2019. Average unit price increased net sales in the first six months of 2019 by $6.9 million or 4.6% compared to the 2018 period. Higher base

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volume increased net sales in the first six months of 2019 by $2.9 million or 2.0% compared to the 2018 period. Net sales of components and other products to external customers were $1.0 million higher in the first six months of 2019 compared to the 2018 period.
Cost of Goods Sold
Cost of goods sold as a percentage of net sales was 78.0% and 78.9% for the six months ended June 30, 2019, and July 1, 2018, respectively. Material cost of sales and direct labor costs as a percentage of net sales in the first six months of 2019 decreased by 1.7% and 0.5%, respectively. Partially offsetting these decreases, overhead and depreciation costs as a percentage of net sales increased by 0.8% and 0.5%, respectively, compared to the 2018 period. Distribution costs in the first six months of 2018 were flat as a percentage of sales compared to the first six months of 2018. Within cost of goods sold, we incurred $4.0 million of discrete charges in the first six months of 2019 related to plant damages and factory start-up costs, which were primarily recorded within overhead. Additionally, overhead as a percentage of net sales was negatively impacted by lower volumes, while the decrease in material cost of sales as a percentage of net sales was driven by higher average unit prices, partly offset by increases due to inflation.
Selling, General and Administration Expenses
In the six months ended June 30, 2019, selling, general and administration ("SG&A") expenses, as a percentage of net sales, were 14.3% compared to 12.9% the six months ended July 1, 2018, an increase of 140 basis points.
SG&A expenses in the six months ended June 30, 2019, were $156.2 million, an increase of $16.1 million from $140.1 million in the six months ended July 1, 2018. The overall increase was driven by an increase in personnel costs of $6.4 million, incremental SG&A from our 2018 acquisitions of $5.6 million (net of dispositions) and a $3.9 million net increase in non-cash items in SG&A expenses, including share based compensation, depreciation and amortization, deferred compensation and loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment. The increase in non-cash charges includes a $2.5 million charge directly related to the divestiture of a non-core business in the Europe segment. Also contributing to the increase were additional marketing costs and bad debt expense of $0.5 million each and other increases of $1.2 million. These increases were partially offset by favorable foreign exchange impacts of $2.0 million. The increase in personnel costs was primarily due to incentive compensation and investments in resources in our Architectural segment to facilitate acquisition integration and support growth and the increase from our 2018 acquisitions was driven by amortization of intangible assets and the increase.
Restructuring Costs
Restructuring costs in the six months ended June 30, 2019 were $5.1 million. There were no restructuring costs in the six months ended July 1, 2018. Restructuring costs in the current year were related to the 2019 and 2018 Plans.
Asset Impairment
Asset impairment charges in the six months ended June 30, 2019, were $13.8 million. There were no asset impairment charges in the six months ended July 1, 2018. Asset impairment charges in 2019 resulted from actions associated with the 2019 Plan.
Loss on Disposal of Subsidiaries
Loss on disposal of subsidiaries in the six months ended June 30, 2019 was $4.6 million. There was no loss on disposal of subsidiaries in the six months ended July 1, 2018. The loss in the current year was related to the sale of PDS for nominal consideration during the first six months of 2019. The total charge consists of $3.6 million relating to the write-off of the net assets sold and other professional fees and $1.0 million relating to the recognition of the cumulative translation adjustment out of accumulated other comprehensive loss.
Interest Expense, Net
Interest expense, net, in the six months ended June 30, 2019, was $22.5 million, compared to $17.8 million in the six months ended July 1, 2018. This increase primarily relates to the issuance of $300.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2026 Senior Notes on August 27, 2018.

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Other Income, Net of Expense
Other income, net of expense, in the six months ended June 30, 2019, was $1.6 million compared to $0.9 million in the six months ended July 1, 2018. The change in other income, net of expense, is primarily due to unrealized gains and losses on foreign currency remeasurements. Also contributing to the change were our portion of dividends and the net gains and losses related to our non-majority owned unconsolidated subsidiaries that are recognized under the equity method of accounting and other miscellaneous non-operating income net of expenses.
Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense in the six months ended June 30, 2019, was $10.4 million compared to $14.6 million the six months ended July 1, 2018. This decrease was primarily due to the mix of income or losses within the tax jurisdictions with various tax rates in which we operate. We recognized discrete items resulting in income tax benefit of $0.5 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $1.4 million of income tax benefit recorded in the six months ended July 1, 2018, primarily attributable to the recognition of a deferred tax asset through reversal of a valuation allowance.
Segment Information
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
(In thousands)
North American Residential
 
Europe
 
Architectural
 
Corporate & Other
 
Total
Adjusted EBITDA
$
117,022

 
$
23,405

 
$
20,392

 
$
(15,607
)
 
$
145,212

Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of segment net sales
16.0
%
 
14.2
%
 
11.2
%
 
 
 
13.3
%
 
Six Months Ended July 1, 2018
(In thousands)
North American Residential
 
Europe
 
Architectural
 
Corporate & Other
 
Total
Adjusted EBITDA
$
109,361

 
$
23,572

 
$
19,658

 
$
(12,891
)
 
$
139,700

Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of segment net sales
14.8
%
 
12.5
%
 
13.2
%
 
 
 
12.9
%

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The following reconciles Adjusted EBITDA to net income (loss) attributable to Masonite:
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
(In thousands)
North American Residential
 
Europe
 
Architectural
 
Corporate & Other
 
Total
Adjusted EBITDA
$
117,022

 
$
23,405

 
$
20,392

 
$
(15,607
)
 
$
145,212

Less (plus):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Depreciation
18,879

 
4,736

 
6,246

 
6,625

 
36,486

Amortization
886

 
7,621

 
4,247

 
2,172

 
14,926

Share based compensation expense

 

 

 
4,773

 
4,773

Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment
1,451

 
2,617

 
146

 
21

 
4,235

Restructuring costs
3,193

 
963

 
486

 
459

 
5,101

Asset impairment
13,767

 

 

 

 
13,767

Loss on disposal of subsidiaries

 
4,605

 

 

 
4,605

Interest expense, net

 

 

 
22,484

 
22,484

Other (income), net of expense
86

 
(174
)
 
2

 
(1,500
)
 
(1,586
)
Income tax expense

 

 

 
10,351

 
10,351

Net income attributable to non-controlling interest
1,670

 

 

 
369

 
2,039

Net income (loss) attributable to Masonite
$
77,090

 
$
3,037

 
$
9,265

 
$
(61,361
)
 
$
28,031

 
Six Months Ended July 1, 2018
(In thousands)
North American Residential
 
Europe
 
Architectural
 
Corporate & Other
 
Total
Adjusted EBITDA
$
109,361

 
$
23,572

 
$
19,658

 
$
(12,891
)
 
$
139,700

Less (plus):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Depreciation
14,434

 
4,878

 
4,222

 
4,100

 
27,634

Amortization
776

 
7,297

 
4,511

 
1,326

 
13,910

Share based compensation expense

 

 

 
6,603

 
6,603

Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment
1,005

 
6

 
103

 
1,398

 
2,512

Interest expense, net

 

 

 
17,830

 
17,830

Other (income), net of expense

 
182

 

 
(1,043
)
 
(861
)
Income tax expense

 

 

 
14,595

 
14,595

Net income attributable to non-controlling interest
1,861

 

 

 
49

 
1,910

Net income (loss) attributable to Masonite
$
91,285

 
$
11,209

 
$
10,822

 
$
(57,749
)
 
$
55,567

Adjusted EBITDA in our North American Residential segment increased $7.6 million, or 6.9%, to $117.0 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019, from $109.4 million in the six months ended July 1, 2018. Adjusted EBITDA in the North American Residential segment included corporate allocations of shared costs of $27.9 million and $27.3 million in the first six months of 2019 and 2018, respectively. The allocations generally consist of certain costs of human resources, legal, finance, information technology and research and development.

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Adjusted EBITDA in our Europe segment decreased $0.2 million, or 0.8%, to $23.4 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019, from $23.6 million in the six months ended July 1, 2018. Adjusted EBITDA in the Europe segment included corporate allocations of shared costs of $0.5 million in the first six months of 2019. There were no such allocations in the first six months of 2018. The allocations generally consist of certain costs of human resources, legal, finance and information technology.
Adjusted EBITDA in our Architectural segment increased $0.7 million, or 3.6%, to $20.4 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019, from $19.7 million in the six months ended July 1, 2018. Adjusted EBITDA in the Architectural segment also included corporate allocations of shared costs of $5.3 million and $4.4 million in the first six months of 2019 and 2018, respectively. The allocations generally consist of certain costs of human resources, legal, finance, information technology and research and development.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our liquidity needs for operations vary throughout the year. Our principal sources of liquidity are cash flows from operating activities, the borrowings under our ABL Facility and accounts receivable sales program with a third party ("AR Sales Program") and our existing cash balance. Our anticipated uses of cash in the near term include working capital needs, capital expenditures and share repurchases. On a continual basis, we evaluate and consider strategic acquisitions, divestitures, and joint ventures to create shareholder value and enhance financial performance.
We believe that our cash balance on hand, future cash generated from operations, the use of our AR Sales Program, our ABL Facility, and ability to access the capital markets will provide adequate liquidity for the foreseeable future. As of June 30, 2019, we had $112.6 million of cash and cash equivalents, availability under our ABL Facility of $193.5 million and availability under our AR Sales Program of $14.9 million.
Cash Flows
Cash provided by operating activities was $88.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $88.0 million in the six months ended July 1, 2018. This $0.2 million increase in cash provided by operating activities was due to changes in net working capital in the first six months of 2019 compared with the same period in 2018, partially offset by a $4.6 million decrease in our net income attributable to Masonite, adjusted for non-cash and non-operating items.
Cash used in investing activities was $39.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $169.9 million in the six months ended July 1, 2018. This $130.7 million decrease in cash used in investing activities was driven by $135.6 million of cash used in the DW3 and Graham & Maiman acquisitions (net of cash acquired) in 2018 partially offset by a $4.1 million increase in cash additions to property, plant and equipment and an increase in other investing outflows of $0.8 million in the first six months of 2019 compared to the same period in 2018.
Cash used in financing activities was $52.5 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $65.8 million during the six months ended July 1, 2018. This $13.3 million decrease in cash used in financing activities was driven by a $12.0 million decrease in cash used for repurchases of common shares and a $1.3 million decrease in cash used for tax withholding on share based awards in the first six months of 2019 compared to the same period in 2018.
Share Repurchases
We currently have in place a $600 million share repurchase authorization, stemming from three separate authorizations by our Board of Directors. On February 23, 2016, our Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program whereby we may repurchase up to $150 million worth of our outstanding common shares and on February 22, 2017, and May 10, 2018, our Board of Directors authorized an additional $200 million and $250 million, respectively (collectively, the "share repurchase programs"). The share repurchase programs have no specified end date and the timing and amount of any share repurchases will be determined by management based on our evaluation of market conditions and other factors. Any repurchases under the share repurchase programs may be made in the open market, in privately negotiated transactions or otherwise, subject to market conditions, applicable legal requirements and other relevant factors. The share repurchase programs do not obligate us to acquire any particular amount of common shares, and they may be suspended or terminated at any time at our discretion. Repurchases under the share repurchase programs are permitted to be made under one or more Rule 10b5-1 plans, which would permit shares to be repurchased when we

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might otherwise be precluded from doing so under applicable insider trading laws. During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we repurchased and retired 953,888 of our common shares in the open market at an aggregate cost of $48.7 million as part of the share repurchase programs. During the six months ended July 1, 2018, we repurchased 961,534 of our common shares in the open market at an aggregate cost of $60.7 million. As of June 30, 2019, there was $155.3 million available for repurchase in accordance with the share repurchase programs.
Other Liquidity Matters
Our cash and cash equivalents balance includes cash held in foreign countries in which we operate. Cash held outside Canada, in which we are incorporated, is free from significant restrictions that would prevent the cash from being accessed to meet our liquidity needs including, if necessary, to fund operations and service debt obligations in Canada. However, earnings from certain jurisdictions are indefinitely reinvested in those jurisdictions. Upon the repatriation of any earnings to Canada, in the form of dividends or otherwise, we may be subject to Canadian income taxes and withholding taxes payable to the various foreign countries. As of June 30, 2019, we do not believe adverse tax consequences exist that restrict our use of cash or cash equivalents in a material manner.
We also routinely monitor the changes in the financial condition of our customers and the potential impact on our results of operations. There has not been a change in the financial condition of a customer that has had a material adverse effect on our results of operations. However, if economic conditions were to deteriorate, it is possible that there could be an impact on our results of operations in a future period and this impact could be material.
Accounts Receivable Sales Program
We maintain an accounts receivable sales program with a third party (the "AR Sales Program"). Under the AR Sales Program, we can transfer ownership of eligible trade accounts receivable of certain customers. Receivables are sold outright to a third party that assumes the full risk of collection, without recourse to us in the event of a loss. Transfers of receivables under this program are accounted for as sales. Proceeds from the transfers reflect the face value of the accounts receivable less a discount. Receivables sold under the AR Sales Program are excluded from trade accounts receivable in the condensed consolidated balance sheets and are included in cash flows from operating activities in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. The discounts on the sales of trade accounts receivable sold under the AR Sales Program were not material for any of the periods presented and were recorded in selling, general and administration expense within the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
Senior Notes
On August 27, 2018, we issued $300.0 million aggregate principal senior unsecured notes (the "2026 Notes"). The 2026 Notes were issued in a private placement for resale to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and to buyers outside of the United States pursuant to Regulation S under the Securities Act. The 2026 Notes were issued without registration rights and are not listed on any securities exchange. The 2026 Notes bear interest at 5.75% per annum, payable in cash semiannually in arrears on March 15 and September 15 of each year and are due September 15, 2026. The 2026 notes were issued at par. We received net proceeds of $295.7 million after deducting $4.3 million of debt issuance costs. The debt issuance costs were capitalized as a reduction to the carrying value of debt and are being accreted to interest expense over the term of the 2026 Notes using the effective interest method. The net proceeds from issuance of the 2026 Notes were used to redeem $125.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2023 Notes (as described in the footnotes to the condensed consolidated financial statements), including the payment of related premiums, fees and expenses, with the balance of the proceeds available for general corporate purposes.
Obligations under the 2026 Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, on a senior unsecured basis, by certain of our directly or indirectly wholly-owned subsidiaries. We may redeem the 2026 Notes under certain circumstances specified therein. The indenture governing the 2026 Notes contains restrictive covenants that, among other things, limit our ability and the ability of our subsidiaries to: (i) incur additional debt and issue disqualified or preferred stock, (ii) make restricted payments, (iii) sell assets, (iv) create or permit restrictions on the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to pay dividends or make other distributions to the parent company, (v) create or incur certain liens, (vi) enter into sale and leaseback transactions, (vii) merge or consolidate with other entities and (viii) enter into transactions with affiliates. The foregoing limitations are subject to exceptions as set forth in the indenture governing the 2026 Notes. In addition, if in the future the 2026 Notes have an investment grade rating from at least two nationally recognized statistical rating organizations, certain of these covenants will be terminated. The indenture

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governing the 2026 Notes contains customary events of default (subject in certain cases to customary grace and cure periods). As of June 30, 2019, and December 30, 2018, we were in compliance with all covenants under the indenture governing the 2026 Notes.
On September 27, 2017, and March 23, 2015, we issued $150.0 million and $475.0 million aggregate principal senior unsecured notes, respectively (the "2023 Notes"). The 2023 Notes were issued in two private placements for resale to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act, and to buyers outside the United States pursuant to Regulation S under the Securities Act. The 2023 Notes were issued without registration rights and are not listed on any securities exchange. The 2023 Notes bear interest at 5.625% per annum, payable in cash semiannually in arrears on March 15 and September 15 of each year and are due March 15, 2023. The 2023 Notes were issued at 104.0% and par in 2017 and 2015, respectively, and the resulting premium of $6.0 million is being amortized to interest expense over the term of the 2023 Notes using the effective interest method. We received net proceeds of $153.9 million and $467.9 million, respectively, after deducting $2.1 million and $7.1 million of debt issuance costs in 2017 and 2015, respectively. The debt issuance costs were capitalized as a reduction to the carrying value of debt and are being accreted to interest expense over the term of the 2023 Notes using the effective interest method. The net proceeds from the 2017 issuance of the 2023 Notes are for general corporate purposes. The net proceeds from the 2015 issuance of the 2023 Notes, together with available cash balances, were used to redeem $500.0 million aggregate principal of prior 8.25% senior unsecured notes due 2021 and to pay related premiums, fees and expenses.
Obligations under the 2023 Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, on a senior unsecured basis, by certain of our directly or indirectly wholly-owned subsidiaries. We may redeem the 2023 Notes under certain circumstances specified therein. The indenture governing the 2023 Notes contains restrictive covenants that, among other things, limit our ability and our subsidiaries' ability to: (i) incur additional debt and issue disqualified or preferred stock, (ii) make restricted payments, (iii) sell assets, (iv) create or permit restrictions on the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to pay dividends or make other distributions to us, (v) create or incur certain liens, (vi) enter into sale and leaseback transactions, (vii) merge or consolidate with other entities and (viii) enter into transactions with affiliates. The foregoing limitations are subject to exceptions as set forth in the indenture governing the 2023 Notes. In addition, if in the future the 2023 Notes have an investment grade rating from at least two nationally recognized statistical rating organizations, certain of these covenants will be replaced with a less restrictive covenant. The indenture governing the 2023 Notes contains customary events of default (subject in certain cases to customary grace and cure periods). As of June 30, 2019, and December 30, 2018, we were in compliance with all covenants under the indenture governing the 2023 Notes.
On July 25, 2019, we issued $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.375% senior unsecured notes (the "2028 Notes"), which mature on February 1, 2028. The 2028 Notes were issued in a private placement for resale to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A of the Securities Act, and to buyers outside of the United States pursuant to Regulation S under the Securities Act. The proceeds from the 2028 Notes, together with available cash balances, are intended to be used to redeem all $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of our existing 2023 Notes in August 2019 and to pay related premiums, fees and expenses.
ABL Facility
On January 31, 2019, we and certain of our subsidiaries amended and restated our asset-based revolving credit facility (the "ABL Facility") in order to extend the maturity date of the ABL Facility and amend certain other provisions. The amended and restated ABL Facility increased the revolving commitments to $250.0 million from $150.0 million and extended the final maturity date to January 31, 2024, from April 9, 2020. The borrowing base is calculated based on a percentage of the value of selected U.S., Canadian and U.K. accounts receivable and inventory, less certain ineligible amounts. Obligations under the ABL Facility are secured by a first priority security interest in such accounts receivable, inventory and other related assets of Masonite and our subsidiaries. In addition, obligations under the ABL Facility are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, on a senior secured basis, by certain of our directly or indirectly wholly-owned subsidiaries. Borrowings under the ABL Facility bear interest at a rate equal to, at our opinion, (i) the U.S., Canadian or U.K. Base Rate (each as defined in the credit agreement relating to the ABL Facility, the "Amended and Restated Credit Agreement") plus a margin ranging from 0.25% to 0.50% per annum, or (ii) the Adjusted LIBO Rate or BA Rate (each as defined in the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement), plus a margin ranging from 1.25% to 1.50% per annum. In addition to paying interest on any outstanding principal under the ABL Facility, a commitment fee is payable on the undrawn portion of the ABL Facility in an amount equal to 0.25% per annum of the average daily balance of unused commitments during each calendar quarter.

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The ABL Facility contains various customary representations, warranties and covenants by us that, among other things, and subject to certain exceptions, restrict Masonite's ability and the ability of our subsidiaries to: (i) pay dividends on our common shares and make other restricted payments, (ii) make investments and acquisitions, (iii) engage in transactions with our affiliates, (iv) sell assets, (v) merge and (vi) create liens. The Amended and Restated Credit Agreement amended the ABL Facility to, among other things, (i) permit us to incur unlimited unsecured debt as long as such debt does not contain covenants or default provisions that are more restrictive than those contained in the ABL Facility, (ii) permit us to incur debt as long as the pro forma secured leverage ratio is less than 4.5 to 1.0, and (iii) add certain additional exceptions and exemptions under the restricted payment, investment and indebtedness covenants (including increasing the amount of certain debt permitted to be incurred under an existing exception). As of June 30, 2019, and December 30, 2018, we were in compliance with all covenants under the credit agreement governing the ABL Facility and there were no amounts outstanding under the ABL Facility.
Supplemental Guarantor Financial Information
As described above, obligations under the ABL Facility are secured by a first priority security interest in substantially all of the current assets of Masonite and our subsidiaries. In addition, our obligations under the 2023 Notes and the ABL Facility are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, by certain of our directly or indirectly wholly-owned subsidiaries. The following unaudited supplemental financial information for our non-guarantor subsidiaries is presented:
Our non-guarantor subsidiaries generated external net sales of $499.5 million and $972.4 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, and $497.9 million and $954.0 million for the three and six months ended July 1, 2018, respectively. Our non-guarantor subsidiaries generated Adjusted EBITDA of $67.7 million and $124.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, and $65.4 million and $116.2 million for the three and six months ended July 1, 2018, respectively. Our non-guarantor subsidiaries had total assets of $1.9 billion and $1.8 billion and total liabilities of $833.5 million and $711.8 million as of June 30, 2019, and December 30, 2018, respectively.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
There have been no material changes to the information provided in the section entitled "Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 30, 2018, other than as noted below:
Goodwill
We evaluate all business combinations for intangible assets that should be recognized and reported apart from goodwill. Goodwill is not amortized but instead is tested annually for impairment on the last day of fiscal November, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount may not be recoverable. The test for impairment is performed at the reporting unit level by comparing the reporting unit’s carrying amount to its fair value. Possible impairment in goodwill is first analyzed using qualitative factors such as macroeconomic and market conditions, changing costs and actual and projected performance, amongst others, to determine whether it is more likely than not that the book value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value. If it is determined more likely than not that the book value exceeds fair value, a quantitative analysis is performed to test for impairment. When quantitative steps are determined necessary, the fair values of the reporting units are estimated through the use of discounted cash flow analyses and market multiples. If the carrying amount exceeds fair value, then goodwill is impaired. Any impairment in goodwill is measured by allocating the fair value of the reporting unit in a manner similar to a purchase price allocation and comparing the notional goodwill from the fair value allocation to the carrying value of the goodwill.
During the fourth quarter of 2018, we performed our annual quantitative impairment test of goodwill for all of our reporting units, including the Architectural reporting unit, determining that goodwill was not impaired based upon the forecasts utilized in that test. While there was no identification of potential impairment at that time, it is possible that the estimate of discounted cash flows for the Architectural reporting unit may change in the near term based upon actual results and updated forward-looking forecasts, resulting in the need to write down goodwill to its fair value. While an interim impairment test of the Architectural reporting unit’s goodwill was not required during the six months ended June 30, 2019, it is possible that such a test could be required during future interim periods.

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Changes in Accounting Standards and Policies
Changes in accounting standards and policies are discussed in Note 1. Business Overview and Significant Accounting Policies in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in this Quarterly Report.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
For our disclosures about market risk, please see Part II, Item 7A., "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk," in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 30, 2018. We believe there have been no material changes to the information provided therein.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and Rule 15d-15(e) under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter covered by this Quarterly Report that have materially affected, or that are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
The information required with respect to this item can be found in Note 10. Commitments and Contingencies in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in this Quarterly Report and is incorporated by reference into this Part II, Item 1. Such information should be read in conjunction with the information contained under Part I, Item 3 "Legal Proceedings" included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 30, 2018.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
You should carefully review and consider the information regarding certain factors which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results as set forth under Item 1A "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed for the year ended December 30, 2018. There have been no material changes from the risk factors disclosed in such Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
(a) Unregistered Sale of Equity Securities.
None.
(b) Use of Proceeds.
Not applicable.
(c) Repurchases of Our Equity Securities.
During the three months ended June 30, 2019, we repurchased 307,786 of our common shares in the open market.
 
Total Number of Shares Purchased
 
Average Price Paid per Share
 
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs
 
Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
April 1, 2019, through April 28, 2019
166,167

 
$
50.85

 
166,167

 
$
162,351,900

April 29, 2019, through May 26, 2019
19,608

 
52.60

 
19,608

 
161,320,531

May 27, 2019, through June 30, 2019
122,011

 
49.27

 
122,011

 
155,309,247

Total
307,786

 
$
50.34

 
307,786

 
 
We currently have in place a $600 million share repurchase authorization, stemming from three separate authorizations by our Board of Directors. On February 23, 2016, our Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program whereby we may repurchase up to $150 million worth of our outstanding common shares, and on February 22, 2017, and May 10, 2018, our Board of Directors authorized an additional $200 million and $250 million, respectively (collectively, the "share repurchase programs"). The share repurchase programs have no specified end date and the timing and amount of any share repurchases will be determined by management based on our evaluation of market conditions and other factors. Any repurchases under the share repurchase programs may be made in the open market, in privately negotiated transactions or otherwise, subject to market conditions, applicable legal requirements and other relevant factors. The share repurchase programs do not obligate us to acquire any particular amount of common shares, and they may be suspended or terminated at any time at our discretion. Repurchases under the share repurchase programs are permitted to be made under one or more Rule 10b5-1 plans, which would permit shares to be repurchased when we might otherwise be precluded from doing so under applicable insider trading laws. As of June 30, 2019, $155.3 million was available for repurchase in accordance with the share repurchase programs.

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Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
None.
Item 6. Exhibits
The following is a list of all exhibits filed or furnished as part of this report:
Exhibit No.
Description
4.1
Indenture, dated as of July 25, 2019, by and among the Company, the guarantors named therein and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee, governing the 5.375% Senior Notes due 2028 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-11796) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 25, 2019)
Employment Agreement, dated as of May 1, 2019, by and between Masonite International Corporation and Howard C. Heckes
Consulting Agreement, dated as of May 14, 2019, by and between Masonite International Corporation and Frederick J. Lynch (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-11796) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 17, 2019)
Omnibus Amendment to Masonite International Corporation restricted stock unit agreements, performance restricted stock unit agreements and stock appreciation rights agreements, dated as of May 14, 2019, by and between Masonite International Corporation and Frederick J. Lynch (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-11796) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 17, 2019)
Restricted Stock Unit Agreement pursuant to the Masonite International Corporation Amended and Restated 2012 Equity Incentive Plan, dated as of May 24, 2019, by and between Masonite International Corporation and James A. Hair (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-11796) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 24, 2019)
Certification of Periodic Report by Chief Executive Officer under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Certification of Periodic Report by Chief Financial Officer under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101*
Interactive Data Files pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T formatted in Inline Extensible Business Reporting Language ("Inline XBRL"): (i) the Registrant's Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, and July 1, 2018; (ii) the Registrant's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2019, and December 30, 2018; (iii) the Registrant's Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, and July 1, 2018; (iv) the Registrant's Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2019, and July 1, 2018; and (v) the notes to the Registrant's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
104*
Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)
 
 
 
*
Filed or furnished herewith.

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.    
 
 
MASONITE INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION
 
 
 
(Registrant)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Date:
August 6, 2019
By
/s/ Russell T. Tiejema
 
 
 
Russell T. Tiejema
 
 
 
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
 
 
 
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)
 

46
Exhibit 10.1

EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT
This EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT (“Agreement”) is entered into on May 1, 2019, by and between Masonite International Corporation, a British Columbia corporation (the “Company”), and Howard C. Heckes, an individual (the “Executive”).
WHEREAS, the Company and the Executive desire to enter into this Agreement to set out the terms and conditions for the employment relationship of the Executive with the Company.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements set forth herein and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which hereby are acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows:
1.
Employment Agreement.
On the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, the Company agrees to employ the Executive and the Executive agrees to be employed by the Company for the Term set forth in Section 2 and in the positions and with the duties set forth in Section 3. Terms used herein with initial capitalization not otherwise defined are defined in Section 26.
2.
Term.
Subject to earlier termination pursuant to Section 8, the initial term of employment under this Agreement shall commence on June 3, 2019 (the “Effective Date”) and continue until December 31, 2021 (the “Term”).
3.
Position and Duties.
During the Term, the Executive shall serve as the President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company. In such capacity, the Executive shall have the duties, responsibilities and authorities customarily associated with the position of President and Chief Executive Officer in a company the size and nature of the Company. The Executive shall devote the Executive’s reasonable best efforts and full business time to the performance of the Executive’s duties hereunder and the advancement of the business and affairs of the Company and shall be subject to, and shall comply in all material respects with, the policies of the Company and the Company Affiliates applicable to the Executive; provided, that the Executive shall be entitled (i) to serve as a member of the board of directors of a reasonable number of other companies, with the consent of the Company’s board of directors (the “Board”), (ii) to serve on civic, charitable, educational, religious, public interest or public service boards, and (iii) to manage the Executive’s personal and family investments, in each case, to the extent such activities do not materially interfere with the performance of the Executive’s duties and responsibilities hereunder.
4.
Place of Performance.
During the Term, the Executive shall be based primarily at the Company’s principal offices in Tampa, Florida.

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5.
Compensation and Benefits; Equity Awards.
(a)    Base Salary. During the Term, the Company shall pay to the Executive a base salary (the “Base Salary”) at the rate of no less than $850,000.00 per calendar year, less applicable deductions. The Base Salary shall be reviewed for increase by the Board no less frequently than annually and shall be increased in the discretion of the Board and any such adjusted Base Salary shall constitute the “Base Salary” for purposes of this Agreement. The Base Salary shall be paid in substantially equal installments in accordance with the Company’s regular payroll procedures.
(b)    Sign-On Bonus. The Company shall pay to the Executive, within the first thirty (30) days following the Effective Date, a one-time sign-on bonus in the amount of $150,000.00 (the “Sign-On Bonus”), less applicable deductions. If the Company terminates the Executive’s employment for Cause pursuant to Section 8(a)(ii)(B) or the Executive terminates the Executive’s employment without Good Reason, (i) prior to the six-month anniversary of the Effective Date, the Executive shall be required to repay to the Company one hundred percent (100%) of the Sign-On Bonus or (ii) after the six-month anniversary but prior to the twelve- month anniversary of the Effective Date, the Executive shall be required to repay to the Company fifty percent (50%) of the Sign-On Bonus, with any required repayment to be made no later than thirty (30) days following the Date of Termination.
(c)    Annual Bonus. The Executive shall be paid an annual cash performance bonus (an “Annual Bonus”) in respect of each calendar year that ends during the Term, to the extent earned based on performance against objective performance criteria. The performance criteria for any particular calendar year shall be determined in good faith by the Board, after consultation with the Company’s Chief Executive Officer. The Executive’s Annual Bonus for a calendar year shall equal 115% of The Executive’s annualized year-end Base Salary (the “Target Bonus”) for that year if target levels of performance for that year are achieved, with greater or lesser amounts (including zero) paid for performance above and below target (such greater and lesser amounts to be determined by a formula established by the Board for that year when it established the targets and performance criteria for that year). To reflect that the Executive was not employed by the Company for all of 2019, the Annual Bonus for such year, if any, shall be pro-rated in an amount equal to the product of (x) the Annual Bonus the Executive would have earned if he was employed by the Company for all of 2019, multiplied by (y) a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of days the Executive was employed by the Company during 2019 and the denominator of which is 365. The Executive’s Annual Bonus for a bonus period shall be determined by the Board after the end of the applicable bonus period and shall be paid to the Executive when annual bonuses for that year are paid to other senior executives of the Company generally, but in no event later than March 15 of the year following the year to which such Annual Bonus relates. In carrying out its functions under this Section 5(c), the Board shall at all times act reasonably and in good faith.
(d)    Vacation & Benefits. During the Term, the Executive shall be eligible for 25 vacation days annually, which shall be accrued and used in accordance with the applicable policies of the Company. During the Term, the Executive shall be eligible to participate in such medical, dental and life insurance, retirement and other plans as the Company may have or establish from time to time on terms and conditions applicable to other senior executives of the Company generally.

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The foregoing, however, shall not be construed to require the Company to establish any such plans or to prevent the modification or termination of such plans once established.
(e)    Initial Equity Awards. As soon as reasonably practicable following the Effective Date, the Executive shall be granted under the Company’s Amended and Restated 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (as may be amended from time to time, the “Plan”): (i) an award consisting of that number of restricted stock units (“RSUs”) as is determined by dividing $500,000.00 by the “Fair Market Value” (as defined in the Plan) of a common share of the Company (a “Share”) on the grant date for such RSUs and (ii) an award consisting of that number of stock appreciation rights (“SARs”) having a fair value on the grant date equal to $500,000.00 and a base price per Share that is one hundred and twenty percent (120%) of the Fair Market Value of a Share on the grant date. Each of the RSU award and SAR award described in this Section 5(e) shall vest ratably on each of the first three anniversaries of the Effective Date, subject to the Executive’s continued employment with the Company on each such vesting date, and shall otherwise be subject to the terms of the Plan and the form of RSU award agreement and SAR award agreement, as applicable, that is used to make grants of RSUs or SARs to other senior executives of the Company.
(f)    Annual Equity Awards. During the Term (commencing in 2020), the Executive will be eligible to receive equity awards commensurate with the Executive’s role as an officer of the Company as determined by the Board or the Compensation Committee from time to time in its sole discretion; provided, that, the aggregate grant date fair value of the equity awards to be granted to the Executive in 2020 shall be equal to three hundred percent (300%) of the Executive’s then-current Base Salary.
6.
Relocation and Other Expenses.
(a)    The Executive will use reasonable best efforts to relocate himself and his immediate family members to the Tampa, Florida during the first nine (9) months of the Term. During the time from the Effective Date and the actual date of the Executive’s relocation to the Tampa area, the Company shall provide Executive with a monthly stipend of $12,000, the after-tax amount of which is to cover reasonable and direct costs associated with Executive’s expenses for temporary housing, car rental, per diems, and non-business related travel to and from Tampa and Edina, Minnesota. This stipend will continue until the earlier of (i) the Executive's purchase of a residence in the Tampa, Florida or (ii) twelve (12) months following the Effective Date.
(b)    Upon the submission of satisfactory supporting documentation by the Executive consistent with the expense reimbursement policies of the Company then in effect, the Company shall also reimburse the Executive for all reasonable expenses actually paid or incurred by the Executive in the course of relocating the Executive and his immediate family members and their household belongings from [ ] Edina, Minnesota to the Tampa, Florida area, including the shipment of standard household goods (including up to two automobiles), one round-trip air transportation for the Executive and his spouse to look for a home in the Tampa, Florida area, one-way air transportation for the Executive and his family to move to the Tampa, Florida area, and the closing and realtor costs related to the sale of the Executive’s principal residence at [ ] Edina, Minnesota. To the extent that any payments provided to or for the benefit of the Executive under Section 6 (b) result in taxable income to the Executive, the Company shall provide the Executive with an amount equal to any income and other taxes payable by the Executive upon the

3


provision of such payments (and an additional amount equal to any taxes imposed on such tax gross-up amount), such that the Executive shall not incur any tax costs with respect to such payments.
(c)    The Company shall reimburse the Executive promptly for all expenses reasonably incurred by the Executive in the performance of the Executive’s duties in accordance with policies which may be adopted from time to time by the Company following presentation by the Executive of an itemized account, including reasonable substantiation, of such expenses.
7.
Confidentiality, Non-Disclosure, Non-Solicitation and Non-Competition Agreement.
The Company and the Executive acknowledge and agree that during the Executive’s employment with the Company, the Executive will have access to and may assist in developing Confidential Information and will occupy a position of trust and confidence with respect to the affairs and business of the Company and the Company Affiliates. The Executive agrees that the following obligations are necessary to preserve the confidential and proprietary nature of Confidential Information and to protect the Company and the Company Affiliates against harmful solicitation of employees and customers, harmful competition and other actions by the Executive that would result in serious adverse consequences for the Company and the Company Affiliates:
(a)    Non-Disclosure. During and after the Executive’s employment with the Company, the Executive will not use, disclose, copy or transfer any Confidential Information other than as authorized in writing by the Company or within the scope of the Executive’s duties with the Company as determined reasonably and in good faith by the Executive. Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, the provisions of this Section 7(a) shall not apply (i) when disclosure is required by law or by any court, arbitrator, mediator or administrative or legislative body (including any committee thereof) with actual or apparent jurisdiction to order the Executive to disclose or make accessible any information; provided, that prior to any such disclosure the Executive shall provide the Company with prompt written notice of the requirements to disclose and an opportunity to object to such disclosure and the Executive shall cooperate with the Company in filing such objection; or (ii) as to information that becomes generally known to the public or within the relevant trade or industry other than due to the Executive’s violation of this Section 7(a). Nothing in this Agreement shall prohibit or impede the Executive from communicating, cooperating or filing a complaint with any federal, state or local governmental or law enforcement branch, agency or entity (collectively, a “Governmental Entity”) with respect to possible violations of any U.S. federal, state or local law or regulation, or otherwise making disclosures to any Governmental Entity, in each case, that are protected under the whistleblower provisions of any such law or regulation, provided that in each case such communications and disclosures are consistent with applicable law. The Executive understands and acknowledges that an individual shall not be held criminally or civilly liable under any federal or state trade secret law for the disclosure of a trade secret that is made (i) in confidence to a federal, state, or local government official or to an attorney solely for the purpose of reporting or investigating a suspected violation of law, or (ii) in a complaint or other document filed in a lawsuit or other proceeding, if such filing is made under seal. The Executive understands and acknowledges further that an individual who files a lawsuit for retaliation by an employer for reporting a suspected violation of law may disclose the trade secret to the attorney of the individual and use the trade secret information in the court proceeding, if the individual files any document containing the trade secret under seal, and does not disclose the trade secret, except pursuant to court order. Notwithstanding the foregoing, under no circumstance will the Executive be authorized to disclose

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any information covered by attorney-client privilege or attorney work product of the Company without prior written consent of Company’s General Counsel or other officer designated by the Company.
(b)    Materials. The Executive will use Confidential Information only for normal and customary use in the Company’s business, as determined reasonably and in good faith by the Company. The Executive will return to the Company all Confidential Information and copies thereof and all other property of the Company or any Company Affiliate at any time upon the request of the Company and in any event immediately after termination of Executive’s employment. The Executive agrees to identify and return to the Company any copies of any Confidential Information after the Executive ceases to be employed by the Company. Anything to the contrary notwithstanding, nothing in this Section 7 shall prevent the Executive from retaining a home computer (provided all Confidential Information has been removed), papers and other materials of a personal nature, including diaries, calendars and Rolodexes, information relating to the Executive’s compensation or relating to reimbursement of expenses, information that may be needed for tax purposes, and copies of the compensation and benefits plans, programs and agreements relating to his employment with the Company.
(c)    No Solicitation or Hiring of Employees. During the Non-Compete Period, the Executive shall not solicit, entice, persuade or induce any individual who is employed by the Company or the Company Affiliates (or who was so employed within twelve (12) months prior to the Executive’s action) to terminate or refrain from continuing such employment or to become employed by or enter into contractual relations with any other individual or entity other than the Company or the Company Affiliates, and the Executive shall not hire, directly or indirectly, for himself or any other person, as an employee, consultant or otherwise, any such person. Anything to the contrary notwithstanding, the Company agrees that (i) the Executive’s responding to an unsolicited request from any former employee of the Company for advice on employment matters; and (ii) the Executive’s responding to an unsolicited request for an employment reference regarding any former employee of the Company from such former employee, or from a third party, by providing a reference setting forth the Executive’s personal views about such former employee, shall not be deemed a violation of this Section 7(c); in each case, to the extent the Executive does not encourage the former employee to become employed by a company or business that employs the Executive or with which the Executive is otherwise associated (including, but not limited to, association as a sole proprietor, owner, employer, partner, principal, investor, joint venturer, shareholder, associate, employee, member, consultant, contractor, director or otherwise).
(d)    Non-Competition.
(i)    During the Non-Compete Period, the Executive shall not, directly or indirectly, (A) solicit, service, or assist any other individual, person, firm or other entity in soliciting or servicing any Customer for the purpose of providing and/or selling any products that are provided and/or sold by the Company or any Company Affiliate, or performing any services that are performed by the Company or any Company Affiliate, (B) interfere with or damage (or attempt to interfere with or damage) any relationship and/or agreement between the Company or any Company Affiliate and any Customer or (C) associate (including, but not limited to, association as a sole proprietor, owner, employer, partner, principal, investor, joint venture, shareholder, associate, employee, member, consultant, contractor, director or otherwise) with any Competitive Enterprise;

5


provided, that the Executive may own, as a passive investor, securities of any such entity that has outstanding publicly traded securities so long as the Executive’s direct holdings in any such entity shall not in the aggregate constitute more than one percent (1%) of the voting power of such entity. The Executive agrees that, before providing services, whether as an employee or consultant, to any entity during the Non-Compete Period, he will provide a copy of this Agreement to such entity, and shall cause such entity to acknowledge to the Company in writing that it has read this Agreement. The Executive acknowledges that this covenant has a unique, very substantial and immeasurable value to the Company, that the Executive has sufficient assets and skills to provide a livelihood for the Executive while such covenant remains in force and that, as a result of the foregoing, in the event that the Executive breaches such covenant, monetary damages would be an insufficient remedy for the Company and equitable enforcement of the covenant would be proper.
(ii)    If the restrictions contained in Section 7(d)(i) shall be determined by any court of competent jurisdiction to be unenforceable in whole or in part, Section 7(d)(i) shall be modified to be effective for the maximum period of time for which it may be enforceable and over the maximum geographical area as to which it may be enforceable and to the maximum extent in all other respects as to which it may be enforceable.
(e)    Conflicting Obligations and Rights. The Executive agrees to inform the Company of any apparent conflicts between the Executive’s work for the Company and any obligations the Executive may have to preserve the confidentiality of another’s proprietary information or related materials before using the same on the Company’s behalf. The Company shall receive such disclosures in confidence and consistent with the objectives of avoiding any conflict of obligations and rights or the appearance of any conflict of interest.
(f)    Enforcement. The Executive acknowledges that in the event of any breach or threatened breach of this Section 7, the business interests of the Company and the Company Affiliates will be irreparably injured, the full extent of the damages to the Company and the Company Affiliates will be impossible to ascertain, monetary damages will not be an adequate remedy for the Company and the Company Affiliates, and the Company will be entitled to enforce this Agreement by a temporary, preliminary and/or permanent injunction or other equitable relief, without the necessity of posting bond or security, which the Executive expressly waives. The Executive understands that the Company may, in its sole discretion, waive any of the requirements expressed in this Agreement, but that for such a waiver to be effective it must be made in writing and shall not in any way be deemed a waiver of the Company’s right to enforce any other requirements or provisions of this Agreement. In addition, the Company shall be entitled to immediately cease paying any amounts remaining due pursuant to Section 9 (other than the Accrued Benefits) in the event that the Executive has committed a breach of this Section 7. The Executive agrees that each of the Executive’s obligations specified in this Agreement is a separate and independent covenant and that the unenforceability of any of them shall not preclude the enforcement of any other covenants in this Agreement.
8.
Termination of Employment.
(a)    Permitted Terminations. The Executive’s employment hereunder may be terminated during the Term under the following circumstances:

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(i)    Death. The Executive’s employment hereunder shall terminate upon the Executive’s death;
(ii)    By the Company. The Company may terminate the Executive’s employment:
(A)    Disability. If the Executive shall have been substantially unable to perform the Executive’s material duties hereunder by reason of illness, physical or mental disability or other similar incapacity, which inability shall continue for one hundred eighty (180) consecutive days or two hundred seventy (270) days in any twenty four (24)-month period (a “Disability”) (provided, that until such termination, the Executive shall continue to receive the Executive’s compensation and benefits hereunder, reduced by any benefits payable to him under any disability insurance policy or plan applicable to him); or
(B)    Cause. For Cause or without Cause;
(iii)    By the Executive. The Executive may terminate the Executive’s employment for any reason or for no reason.
(b)    Expiration of Term. If the Term of this Agreement expires without the Company offering to renew this Agreement on the same terms and conditions contained herein (excluding any such terms or conditions as are then prohibited by applicable law, rule or regulation) or the Executive fails to accept such offer of renewal, the employment of the Executive shall terminate upon the expiration of the Term.
(c)    Termination. Any termination of the Executive’s employment by the Company or the Executive (other than because of the Executive’s death and other than a termination upon the expiration of the Term) shall be communicated by written Notice of Termination to the other party hereto in accordance with Section 13 hereof. For purposes of this Agreement, a “Notice of Termination” shall mean a notice which shall indicate the specific termination provision in this Agreement relied upon, if any, and shall set forth in reasonable detail the facts and circumstances claimed to provide a basis for termination of the Executive’s employment under the provision so indicated. Termination of the Executive’s employment shall take effect on the Date of Termination. The Executive agrees, in the event of any dispute under Section 8(a)(ii)(A) as to whether a Disability exists, and if requested by the Company, to submit to a physical examination by a licensed physician selected by mutual consent of the Company and the Executive, the cost of such examination to be paid by the Company. The written medical opinion of such physician shall be conclusive and binding upon each of the parties hereto as to whether a Disability exists and the date when such Disability arose. This Section shall be interpreted and applied so as to comply with the provisions of the Americans with Disabilities Act and any applicable state or local laws.
(d)    Effect of Termination. Upon any termination of the Executive’s employment with the Company, and the Company Affiliates, the Executive shall resign from, and shall be considered to have simultaneously resigned from, all positions with the Company and each Company Affiliate.

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9.
Compensation Upon Termination.
(a)    Death. If the Executive’s employment is terminated during the Term as a result of the Executive’s death, this Agreement shall terminate without further notice or any action required by the Company or the Executive’s legal representatives. Upon the Executive’s death, the Company shall pay or provide to the Executive’s representative or estate all Accrued Benefits, if any, to which the Executive is entitled. Except as set forth herein, the Company shall have no further obligation to the Executive (or the Executive’s legal representatives or estate) under this Agreement.
(b)    Disability. If the Company terminates the Executive’s employment during the Term because of the Executive’s Disability pursuant to Section 8(a)(ii)(A), the Company shall pay to the Executive all Accrued Benefits, if any, to which the Executive is entitled. Except as set forth herein, the Company shall have no further obligations to the Executive (or the Executive’s legal representatives) under this Agreement.
(c)    Termination by the Company for Cause or by the Executive without Good Reason. If, during the Term, the Company terminates the Executive’s employment for Cause pursuant to Section 8(a)(ii)(B) or the Executive terminates the Executive’s employment without Good Reason (including as a result of the expiration of the Term following the Executive’s failure to accept an offer of renewal from the Company in accordance with Section 8(b)), the Company shall pay to the Executive all Accrued Benefits, if any, to which the Executive is entitled. Except as set forth herein, the Company shall have no further obligations to the Executive under this Agreement.
(d)    Termination by the Company without Cause or by the Executive with Good Reason. Subject to Section 9(f) and Section 9(g) and the Executive’s continued compliance with Section 7, if the Company terminates the Executive’s employment during the Term other than for Cause or Disability pursuant to Section 8(a) or if the Executive terminates the Executive’s employment hereunder with Good Reason, (i) the Company shall pay the Executive (or the Executive’s estate, if the Executive dies after such termination and execution of the Release (as defined below) but before receiving such amount) (A) all Accrued Benefits, if any, to which the Executive is entitled, (B) a lump sum payment of an amount equal to a pro rata portion (based upon the number of days the Executive was employed during the calendar year in which the Date of Termination occurs) of the Annual Bonus that would have been paid to the Executive if he had remained employed with the Company based on actual performance, such payment to be made at the time bonus payments are made to other executives of the Company but in any event by no later than March 15 of the calendar year following the year that includes the Executive’s Date of Termination and (C) continued payments of the Executive’s Base Salary in accordance with the Company’s payroll policies in effect on the Date of Termination for (x) if the Executive has been employed with the Company for two years or less on the Date of Termination, the twelve month period commencing on the Executive’s Date of Termination, or (y) if the Executive has been employed with the Company for more than two years on the Date of Termination, the twenty-four (24) month period commencing upon the Executive’s Date of Termination; and (ii) the Executive and the Executive’s covered dependents shall be entitled to continued participation, on the same terms and conditions as applicable if the Executive had remained employed for such period, for twelve (12) months in such medical, dental, and hospitalization insurance coverage in which the Executive and the Executive’s eligible dependents were participating immediately prior to the Date of Termination, subject to Section 9(j).

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(e)    Termination Upon Expiration of Term.  Subject to Section 9(g), if the employment of the Executive terminates upon the expiration of the Term as a result of the Company’s failure to offer to renew this Agreement in accordance with Section 8(b), (i) the Company shall pay the Executive (or the Executive’s estate, if the Executive dies after such termination and execution of the Release but before receiving such amount) (A) all Accrued Benefits, if any, to which the Executive is entitled, and (B) continued payments of the Executive’s Base Salary in accordance with the Company’s payroll policies in effect on the Date of Termination for the twenty four (24) month period commencing upon the Executive’s Date of Termination; and (ii) the Executive and the Executive’s covered dependents shall be entitled to continued participation, on the same terms and conditions if the Executive had remained employed for such period, for twelve (12) months in such medical, dental, and hospitalization insurance coverage in which the Executive and his eligible dependents were participating immediately prior to the Date of Termination, subject to Section 9(j).
(f)    Change in Control. This Section 9(f) shall apply if there is (i) a termination of the Executive’s employment by the Company other than for Cause or Disability pursuant to Section 8(a) (but including as a result of the Company’s failure to offer to renew this Agreement in accordance with Section 8(b)) or by the Executive for Good Reason in, each case, during the two (2)-year period after a Change in Control; or (ii) a termination of the Executive’s employment by the Company other than for Cause or Disability pursuant to Section 8(a) (but including as a result of the Company’s failure to offer to renew this Agreement in accordance with Section 8(b)), prior to a Change in Control, if the termination was at the request of a third party or otherwise arose in anticipation of a Change in Control. To the extent a termination occurs pursuant to clause (ii), the Executive shall receive the benefits described in Section 9(d) or Section 9(e), as applicable, in accordance with the terms thereof and any additional benefits provided in this Section 9(f) shall be paid in accordance with the terms hereof; provided, that if a Change in Control subsequently occurs, to the maximum extent permitted by Code Section 409A, the unpaid balance of the benefits provided in Section 9(d) or Section 9(e), as applicable, shall be provided in accordance with this Section 9(f). If any such termination occurs, the Executive (or the Executive’s estate, if the Executive dies after such termination and execution of the Release but before receiving such amount) shall receive the payments and benefits set forth in Section 9(d) or Section 9(e), as applicable, except that (1) in lieu of the continued payment of Base Salary under Section 9(d)(i)(C) or Section 9(e)(i)(B), as applicable, the Executive shall receive in a lump sum promptly after the date of which the Release becomes irrevocable an amount equal to two (2) multiplied by the sum of the Executive’s Base Salary and the average amount of the Annual Bonuses, if any, that were earned by the Executive for the two (2) calendar years immediately preceding the year of the Date of Termination and (2) the Executive and the Executive’s covered dependents shall be entitled to continued participation, on the same terms and conditions if the Executive had remained employed for such period, for twenty four (24) months in such medical, dental, and hospitalization insurance coverage in which the Executive and the Executive’s eligible dependents were participating immediately prior to the Date of Termination, subject to Section 9(j).
(g)    Liquidated Damages. The parties acknowledge and agree that damages that will result to the Executive for termination by the Company of the Executive’s employment without Cause or by the Executive for Good Reason or upon the expiration of the Term as a result of the Company’s failure to offer to renew this Agreement in accordance with Section 8(b) shall be extremely difficult or impossible to establish or prove, and agree that the amounts payable to the

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Executive under Section 9(d), 9(e) or 9(f) (the “Severance Payments”) shall constitute liquidated damages for any such termination. The Executive agrees that, except for such other payments and benefits to which the Executive may be entitled as expressly provided by the terms of this Agreement or any other applicable benefit plan or compensation arrangement (including equity-related awards), such liquidated damages shall be in lieu of all other claims that the Executive may make by reason of any such termination of the Executive’s employment. Any and all amounts payable and benefits or additional rights provided pursuant to this Agreement beyond the Accrued Benefits shall only be payable if the Executive delivers to the Company and does not revoke a general release of claims in favor of the Company in substantially the form attached as Exhibit A hereto (the “Release”). Such release must be executed and delivered (and no longer subject to revocation, if applicable) within sixty (60) days following the Executive’s Date of Termination (the “Release Period”). The Company shall deliver to the Executive the appropriate form of release of claims for the Executive to execute within five (5) business days of the Date of Termination.
(h)    Certain Payment Delays. Notwithstanding anything to the foregoing set forth herein, the first installment of the continued payments of the Executive’s Base Salary as described in Section 9(d), Section 9(e) or Section 9(f) shall be paid on the first regularly scheduled payroll date following the date on which the Release becomes irrevocable and shall include any amounts the Executive would otherwise have been paid prior to such payment date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, to the extent required to comply with Code Section 409A, if the Release Period spans two (2) calendar years, the first installment of such continued payments of the Executive’s Base Salary shall be paid on the first regularly scheduled payroll date that occurs in the second calendar year (and such installment shall include all payments that would otherwise have been paid prior to such date if this sentence did not apply).
(i)    No Offset. In the event of termination of the Executive’s employment, the Executive shall be under no obligation to seek other employment and there shall be no offset against amounts due to him on account of any remuneration or benefits provided by any subsequent employment he may obtain. The Company’s obligation to make any payment pursuant to, and otherwise to perform its obligations under, this Agreement shall not be affected by any offset, counterclaim or other right that the Company or the Company Affiliates may have against him for any reason.
(j)    Post-Termination Continued Health Coverage. Notwithstanding any provision of the Agreement to the contrary, if at any time the Company cannot continue the post-termination medical, dental, and hospitalization insurance coverage set forth in Section 9(d), Section 9(e) or Section 9(f) without adverse tax consequences to the Executive or the Company or for any other reason, then the Company shall, in lieu of such continued coverage, pay directly to the Executive an amount equal to the difference between the full monthly plan premium payment and the current monthly premium paid as an active employee in substantially equal monthly installments over such twelve (12) month (or, if pursuant to Section 9(f), twenty-four (24) month) period (or the remaining portion thereof).

10.
280G Cutback.

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Notwithstanding any provision of the Agreement to the contrary, if it shall be determined that any benefit provided to the Executive or payment or distribution by or for the account of the Company to or for the benefit of the Executive, whether provided, paid or payable or distributed or distributable pursuant to the terms of this Agreement or otherwise the Executive would receive from the Company under the Agreement or otherwise in connection with a Change in Control (each, a “Payment”) (i) constitutes a “parachute payment” within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code, and (ii) but for this Section 10, would be subject to the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code, then the Executive will be entitled to receive either (x) the full amount of the Payments or (y) a portion of the Payments having a value equal to the Safe Harbor Amount, whichever of (x) and (y), after taking into account applicable federal, state, and local income taxes and the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code, results in the receipt by the Executive on an after-tax basis, of the greatest portion of the Payments.  Any determination required under this Section 10 shall be made in writing by the Company’s independent, certified public accounting firm or such other certified public accounting firm as may be designated by the Company prior to the Change in Control (the “Accounting Firm”), whose determination shall be conclusive and binding for all purposes upon the Company and the Executive.  For purposes of making the calculations required by this Section 10, the Accounting Firm may make reasonable assumptions and approximations concerning applicable taxes and may rely on reasonable, good-faith interpretations concerning the application of Sections 280G and 4999 of the Code.  If there is a reduction pursuant to this Section 10 of the Payments to be delivered to the Executive, such payments shall be reduced to the extent necessary to avoid application of the excise tax in the following order:  (i) any cash severance based on a multiple of Base Salary or Annual Bonus, (ii) any other cash amounts payable to the Executive, (iii) benefits valued as parachute payments, and (iv) acceleration of vesting of any equity awards. The following terms shall have the following meanings for purposes of Section 10.
(a)    Base Amount” means “base amount,” within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(3) of the Code.
(b)    Safe Harbor Amount” means $1.00 less than three (3) times the Executive’s Base Amount.
11.
Indemnification.
During the Term and thereafter, the Company agrees to indemnify and hold the Executive and the Executive’s heirs and representatives harmless, to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law (including the Business Corporations Act (British Columbia)), against any and all judgments, penalties, fines, amounts paid in settlement, costs, charges and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees) as a result of any claim or proceeding (whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative), or any threatened claim or proceeding (whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative), against the Executive that arises out of or relates to the Executive’s service as an officer or director, as the case may be, of the Company, or the Executive’s service in any such capacity or similar capacity with any Company Affiliate or other entity at the request of the Company, both prior to and after the Effective Date, and to promptly advance to the Executive or the Executive’s heirs or representatives such expenses upon written request with appropriate documentation of such expense upon receipt of an undertaking by the Executive or on the Executive’s behalf to repay such amount if it shall ultimately be determined that the Executive is not entitled to be indemnified by the Company. During the Term and thereafter, the Company also shall

11


provide the Executive with coverage under its current directors’ and officers’ liability policy to the same extent that it provides such coverage to its other executive officers. If the Executive has any knowledge of any actual or threatened action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, as to which the Executive may request indemnity under this provision, the Executive will give the Company prompt written notice thereof; provided, that the failure to give such notice shall not affect the Executive’s right to indemnification. The Company shall be entitled to assume the defense of any such proceeding and the Executive will use reasonable efforts to cooperate with such defense. To the extent that the Executive in good faith determines that there is an actual or potential conflict of interest between the Company and the Executive in connection with the defense of a proceeding, the Executive shall so notify the Company and shall be entitled to separate representation at the Company’s expense by counsel selected by the Executive (provided that the Company may reasonably object to the selection of counsel within ten (10) business days after notification thereof) which counsel shall cooperate, and coordinate the defense, with the Company’s counsel and minimize the expense of such separate representation to the extent consistent with the Executive’s separate defense. This Section 11 shall continue in effect after the termination of the Executive’s employment or the termination of this Agreement.
12.
Attorney’s Fees.
(a)    General. Except as otherwise set forth in Section 12(b), in the event the Executive prevails on any material issue in connection with any controversy, dispute or claim which arises out of or relates to this Agreement, any other agreement or arrangement between the Executive and the Company or any Company Affiliate, the Executive’s employment with the Company, or the termination thereof, then the Company shall reimburse the Executive (and the Executive’s beneficiaries) for any and all costs and expenses (including without limitation attorneys’ fees and other charges of counsel) incurred by the Executive (or any of his beneficiaries) in connection with such controversy, dispute or claim.
(b)    Change in Control. Following a Change in Control, the Company shall advance the Executive (and the Executive’s beneficiaries) any and all costs and expenses (including without limitation attorneys’ fees and other charges of counsel) incurred by the Executive (or any of the Executive’s beneficiaries) in resolving any controversy, dispute or claim arising out of or relating to this Agreement, any other agreement or arrangement between the Executive and the Company or any Company Affiliate, the Executive’s employment with the Company, or the termination thereof and which arises out of or relates to an event that occurs within two (2) years following a Change in Control; provided, that the Executive shall reimburse the Company any advances on a net after-tax basis to cover expenses incurred by the Executive for claims brought by the Executive that are judicially determined to be frivolous or advanced in bad faith.
13.
Notices.
All notices, demands, requests, or other communications which may be or are required to be given or made by any party to any other party pursuant to this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be hand delivered, mailed by first-class registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, delivered by overnight air courier, or transmitted by facsimile transmission addressed as follows:

(i)    If to the Company:

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Masonite International Corporation
201 N. Franklin Street
Suite 300
Tampa, FL 33602
Attention: General Counsel
Facsimile Number: (813) 498-6050


(ii)    If to the Executive, to such address as shall most currently appear on the records of the Company

Each party may designate by notice in writing a new address to which any notice, demand, request or communication may thereafter be so given, served or sent. Each notice, demand, request, or communication that shall be given or made in the manner described above shall be deemed sufficiently given or made for all purposes at such time as it is delivered to the addressee (with the return receipt, the delivery receipt, confirmation of facsimile transmission or the affidavit of messenger being deemed conclusive but not exclusive evidence of such delivery) or at such time as delivery is refused by the addressee upon presentation.

14.
Severability.
The invalidity or unenforceability of any one or more provisions of this Agreement, including, without limitation, Section 7, shall not affect the validity or enforceability of the other provisions of this Agreement, which shall remain in full force and effect.
15.
Survival.
It is the express intention and agreement of the parties hereto that the provisions of Sections 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 24 and 25 hereof and this Section 15 shall survive the termination of employment of the Executive. In addition, all obligations of the Company to make payments hereunder shall survive any termination of this Agreement on the terms and conditions set forth herein.
16.
Assignment.
The rights and obligations of the parties to this Agreement shall not be assignable or delegable, except that (a) in the event of the Executive’s death, the personal representative or legatees or distributees of the Executive’s estate, as the case may be, shall have the right to receive any amount owing and unpaid to the Executive hereunder and (b) the rights and obligations of the Company hereunder shall be assignable and delegable in connection with any subsequent merger, consolidation, sale of all or substantially all of the assets or equity interests of the Company or similar transaction involving the Company or a successor corporation. The Company shall require any successor to the Company to expressly assume and agree to perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent that the Company would be required to perform it if no such succession had taken place.
17.
Binding Effect.

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Subject to any provisions hereof restricting assignment, this Agreement shall be binding upon the parties hereto and shall inure to the benefit of the parties and their respective heirs, devisees, executors, administrators, legal representatives, successors and assigns.
18.
Amendment; Waiver.
This Agreement shall not be amended, altered or modified except by an instrument in writing duly executed by the party against whom enforcement is sought. Neither the waiver by either of the parties hereto of a breach of or a default under any of the provisions of this Agreement, nor the failure of either of the parties, on one or more occasions, to enforce any of the provisions of this Agreement or to exercise any right or privilege hereunder, shall thereafter be construed as a waiver of any subsequent breach or default of a similar nature, or as a waiver of any such provisions, rights or privileges hereunder.
19.
Headings.
Section and subsection headings contained in this Agreement are inserted for convenience of reference only, shall not be deemed to be a part of this Agreement for any purpose, and shall not in any way define or affect the meaning, construction or scope of any of the provisions hereof.
20.
Governing Law.
This Agreement, the rights and obligations of the parties hereto, and any claims or disputes relating thereto, shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Florida (but not including any choice of law rule thereof that would cause the laws of another jurisdiction to apply).
21.
Dispute Resolution.
Each of the parties hereto irrevocably and unconditionally (a) WAIVES ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY PROCEEDING RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE EXECUTIVE’S EMPLOYMENT BY THE COMPANY OR ANY COMPANY AFFILIATE, or for the recognition and enforcement of any judgment in respect thereof (a “Proceeding”) whether such Proceeding is based on contract, tort or otherwise; (b) agrees that service of process in any such Proceeding may be effected by mailing a copy of such process by registered or certified mail (or any substantially similar form of mail), postage prepaid, to such party at the address as provided in Section 13; and (c) agrees that nothing in this Agreement shall affect the right to effect service of process in any other manner permitted by applicable law.
22.
Entire Agreement; Effectiveness of Agreement; Advice of Counsel; Cooperation.
(a)    This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties respecting the employment of the Executive, there being no representations, warranties or commitments except as set forth herein and supersedes and replaces all other agreements or understandings related to the subject matter hereof of. The Executive acknowledges that, in connection with the Executive’s entry into this Agreement, the Executive was advised by an attorney of the Executive’s choice on the terms and conditions of this Agreement, including, without limitation, on the application of Code Section 409A (as defined below) on the payments and benefits

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payable or to be paid to the Executive hereunder. If the Effective Date does not occur, this Agreement shall be null and void ab initio.
(b)    During the Term and at any time thereafter, the Executive agrees to cooperate (i) with the Company and the Company Affiliates in the defense of any legal matter involving any matter that arose during the Executive's employment with the Company and (ii) with all government authorities on matters pertaining to any investigation, litigation or administrative proceeding pertaining to the Company or any Company Affiliate; provided, that the Company will reimburse the Executive for any reasonable travel and out of pocket expenses incurred by the Executive in providing such cooperation.
23.
Counterparts.
This Agreement may be executed in two counterparts, each of which shall be an original and all of which shall be deemed to constitute one and the same instrument.
24.
Withholding.
The Company may withhold from any benefit payment under this Agreement all federal, state, city or other taxes as shall be required pursuant to any law or governmental regulation or ruling.
25.
Section 409A.
(a)    The intent of the parties is that payments and benefits under this Agreement comply with Internal Revenue Code Section 409A and the regulations and guidance promulgated thereunder (collectively “Code Section 409A”) and, accordingly, to the maximum extent permitted, this Agreement shall be interpreted to be in compliance therewith. If the Executive notifies the Company (with specificity as to the reason therefor) that the Executive believes that any provision of this Agreement (or of any award of compensation, including equity compensation or benefits) would cause the Executive to incur any additional tax or interest under Code Section 409A and the Company concurs with such belief or the Company (without any obligation whatsoever to do so) independently makes such determination, the Company shall, after consulting with the Executive, reform such provision to attempt to comply with Code Section 409A through good faith modifications to the minimum extent reasonably appropriate to conform with Code Section 409A. To the extent that any provision hereof is modified in order to comply with Code Section 409A, such modification shall be made in good faith and shall, to the maximum extent reasonably possible, maintain the original intent and economic benefit to the Executive and the Company of the applicable provision without violating the provisions of Code Section 409A. For the sake of clarity, the Company does not hereby agree to indemnify the Executive for liabilities incurred as a result of Code Section 409A, it being understood, however, that this clarification shall not be construed as a waiver by the Executive of any claim for damages for breach of contract that are related to Code Section 409A.
(b)    To the extent required by Code Section 409A, a termination of employment shall not be deemed to have occurred for purposes of any provision of this Agreement providing for the payment of any amounts or benefits upon or following a termination of employment unless such termination is also a “separation from service” within the meaning of Code Section 409A and, for

15


purposes of any such provision of this Agreement, references to a “termination,” “termination of employment” or like terms shall mean “separation from service.” If the Executive is deemed on the date of termination to be a “specified employee” within the meaning of that term under Code Section 409A(a)(2)(B), then with regard to any payment or the provision of any benefit that is considered deferred compensation under Code Section 409A payable on account of a “separation from service,” such payment or benefit shall be made or provided at the date which is the earlier of (A) the expiration of the six (6)-month period measured from the date of such “separation from service” of the Executive, and (B) the date of the Executive’s death, to the extent required under Code Section 409A. Upon the expiration of the foregoing delay period, all payments and benefits delayed pursuant to this Section 25(b) (whether they would have otherwise been payable in a single sum or in installments in the absence of such delay) shall be paid or reimbursed to the Executive in a lump sum with interest at the prime rate as published in The Wall Street Journal on the first business day following the date of the “separation from service”, and any remaining payments and benefits due under this Agreement shall be paid or provided in accordance with the normal payment dates specified for them herein.
(c)    To the extent that reimbursements or other in-kind benefits under this Agreement constitute “nonqualified deferred compensation” for purposes of Code Section 409A, (A) all expenses or other reimbursements hereunder shall be made on or prior to the last day of the taxable year following the taxable year in which such expenses were incurred by the Executive, (B) any right to reimbursement or in-kind benefits shall not be subject to liquidation or exchange for another benefit, and (C) no such reimbursement, expenses eligible for reimbursement, or in-kind benefits provided in any taxable year shall in any way affect the expenses eligible for reimbursement, or in-kind benefits to be provided, in any other taxable year.
(d)    For purposes of Code Section 409A, the Executive’s right to receive any installment payments pursuant to this Agreement shall be treated as a right to receive a series of separate and distinct payments. Whenever a payment under this Agreement specifies a payment period with reference to a number of days, the actual date of payment within the specified period shall be within the sole discretion of the Company.
(e)    Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement to the contrary, in no event shall any payment under this Agreement that constitutes “nonqualified deferred compensation” for purposes of Code Section 409A be subject to offset by any other amount unless otherwise permitted by Code Section 409A.
26.
Definitions.
Accrued Benefits” means (i) any unpaid Base Salary through the Date of Termination; (ii) any earned but unpaid Annual Bonus; (iii) any accrued and unpaid vacation and/or sick days; (iv) any amounts or benefits owing to the Executive or to the Executive’s beneficiaries under the then applicable benefit plans of the Company (excluding any severance plan, program, agreement or arrangement); and (v) any amounts owing to the Executive for reimbursement of expenses properly incurred by the Executive prior to the Date of Termination and which are reimbursable in accordance with Section 6. Amounts payable under (A) clauses (i), (ii) and (iii) shall be paid promptly after the Date of Termination, (B) clause (iv) shall be paid in accordance with the terms and conditions of the applicable plan, program or arrangement and (C) clause (v) shall be paid in accordance with the terms of the applicable expense policy.

16


Cause” shall be limited to the following events (i) the Executive’s conviction of, or plea of nolo contendere to, a felony (other than in connection with a traffic violation); (ii) the Executive’s continued failure to substantially perform the Executive’s material duties hereunder after receipt of written notice from the Company that specifically identifies the manner in which the Executive has substantially failed to perform the Executive’s material duties and specifies the manner in which the Executive may substantially perform the Executive’s material duties in the future; (iii) an act of fraud or gross or willful material misconduct; (iv) any act of workplace harassment which (x) exposes the Company to imminent risk of material civil or criminal legal damages, and (y) materially adversely affects the business or reputation of the Company with its current or prospective customers, suppliers, lenders and/or other third parties with whom the Company is attempting to do business, or (v) a material breach of Section 7. For purposes of this provision, no act or failure to act, on the part of the Executive, shall be considered “willful” unless it is done, or omitted to be done, by the Executive in bad faith or without reasonable belief that the Executive’s action or omission was in the best interests of the Company. Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, the Executive shall not be terminated for “Cause” hereunder unless (A) written notice stating the basis for the termination is provided to the Executive and (B) as to clauses (ii), (iii) or (iv) of this paragraph, he is given fifteen (15) days to cure the neglect or conduct that is the basis of such claim, to the extent curable.
Change in Control” means the occurrence of any one or more of the following events to the extent such event also constitutes a “change in control event” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code:
(i)    any “person” as such term is used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) (other than the Company, any trustee or other fiduciary holding securities under any employee benefit plan of the Company, or any company owned, directly or indirectly, by the stockholders of the Company in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of Common Stock of the Company) becoming the beneficial owner (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing more than fifty percent (50%) of the combined voting power of the Company’s then outstanding securities;
(ii)    any “person” as such term is used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act (other than the Company, any trustee or other fiduciary holding securities under any employee benefit plan of the Company or any company owned, directly or indirectly, by the stockholders of the Company in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of Common Stock of the Company), becoming the beneficial owner (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act) in one or a series of related transactions during any twelve (12)-month period, directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing thirty percent (30%) or more of the combined voting power of the Company’s then outstanding securities;
(iii)    during any one (1)-year period, individuals who at the beginning of such period constitute the Board, and any new director (other than a director designated by a person who has entered into an agreement with the Company to effect a transaction described in paragraph (i), (ii), (iv) or (v) of this definition of “Change in Control” or a director whose initial assumption of office occurs as a result of either an actual or threatened election contest (as such term is used in Rule 14a-11 of Regulation 14A promulgated under the Exchange Act) or other actual or threatened

17


solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of a person other than the Board) whose election by the Board or nomination for election by the Company’s stockholders was approved by a vote of at least two-thirds (2/3) of the directors then still in office who either were directors at the beginning of the one (1)-year period or whose election or nomination for election was previously so approved, cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the Board;
(iv)    a merger or consolidation of the Company or a direct or indirect subsidiary of the Company with any other company, other than a merger or consolidation which would result in the voting securities of the Company outstanding immediately prior thereto continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into voting securities of the surviving entity) more than fifty percent (50%) of the combined voting power of the voting securities of the Company or such surviving entity outstanding immediately after such merger or consolidation (or the ultimate parent company of the Company or such surviving entity); provided, however, that a merger or consolidation effected to implement a recapitalization of the Company (or similar transaction) in which no person (other than those covered by the exceptions in subparagraphs (ii) and (iii)) acquires more than fifty percent (50%) of the combined voting power of the Company’s then outstanding securities shall not constitute a Change in Control; or
(v)    the consummation of a sale or disposition of assets of the Company and/or its direct and indirect subsidiaries having a value constituting at least forty percent (40%) of the total gross fair market value of all of the assets of the Company and its direct and indirect subsidiaries (on a consolidated basis) immediately prior to such transaction, other than the sale or disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company to a person or persons who beneficially own, directly or indirectly, more than fifty percent (50%) of the combined voting power of the outstanding voting securities of the Company at the time of the sale.
Company Affiliate” means any entity controlled by, in control of, or under common control with, the Company.
Competitive Enterprise” means a business enterprise that engages in, or owns or controls a significant interest in any entity that engages in the, the sale or manufacture of entryway doors or door components or other products that are manufactured and sold by the Company and any Company Affiliates during the time the Executive was employed by the Company or any Company Affiliate, and does business (the “Company’s Business”) (a) in the United States of America, (b) Canada or (c) any other country where the Company or any Company Affiliate operates facilities or sells products, but only if the Executive had operational, financial reporting, marketing or other responsibility or oversight for the facility or business in the respective country. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event a business enterprise has one or more lines of business that do not involve the Company’s Business, the Executive shall be permitted to associate with such business enterprise if, and only if, the Executive does not participate in, or have supervisory authority with respect to, any line of business involving the Company’s Business.
Confidential Information” means all non-public information concerning trade secrets, know-how, software, developments, inventions, processes, technology, designs, financial data, strategic business plans or any proprietary or confidential information, documents or materials in any form or media, including any of the foregoing relating to research, operations, finances, current and proposed products and services, vendors, customers, advertising and marketing, and other non-public, proprietary, and confidential information of the Company or the Company

18


Affiliates. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the general skills, knowledge and experience gained during the Executive’s employment with the Company, information publicly available or generally known within the industry or trade in which the Company competes and information or knowledge possessed by the Executive prior to the Executive’s employment by the Company, shall not be considered Confidential Information.
Customer” means any person, firm, corporation or other entity whatsoever to whom the Company or any Company Affiliate provided services or sold any products to within a twelve (12) month period on, before or after the Executive’s Date of Termination.
Date of Termination” means (i) if the Executive’s employment is terminated by the Executive’s death, the date of the Executive’s death; (ii) if the Executive’s employment is terminated because of the Executive’s Disability pursuant to Section 8(a)(ii)(A), thirty (30) days after Notice of Termination; provided, that the Executive shall not have returned to the performance of the Executive’s duties on a full-time basis during such thirty (30)-day period; (iii) if the Executive’s employment is terminated during the Term by the Company pursuant to Section 8(a)(ii)(B) or by the Executive pursuant to Section 8(a)(iii), the date specified in the Notice of Termination; provided, that if the Executive is voluntarily terminating the Executive’s employment without Good Reason, such date shall not be less than fifteen (15) business days after the Notice of Termination; (iv) if the Executive’s employment is terminated during the Term other than pursuant to Section 8(a), the date on which Notice of Termination is given; or (v) if the Executive’s employment is terminated pursuant to Section 8(b), the last day of the Term.
Good Reason” means, unless otherwise agreed to in writing by the Executive, (i) any material diminution or material adverse change in the Executive’s titles, duties or authorities; (ii) a reduction in the Executive’s Base Salary or Target Bonus; provided, that the Executive’s Base Salary may be reduced by an aggregate amount equal to ten percent (10%) of the Executive’s Base Salary in effect on the Effective Date pursuant to across-the-board reductions to base salary applicable to all senior executives of the Company and the Company Affiliates; (iii) a material adverse change in the Executive’s reporting responsibilities; (iv) the assignment of duties substantially inconsistent with the Executive’s position or status with the Company as of the date hereof; (v) a relocation of the Executive’s primary place of employment to a location more than twenty five (25) miles further from the Executive’s primary residence than the location of such primary place of employment immediately prior to such relocation; (vi) any other material breach of Sections 3, 5, 8, 10, 11, 12, 16 or 25 or any other agreement by the Company or any Company Affiliate; (vii) the failure of the Company to obtain the assumption in writing of its obligations under this Agreement by any successor to all or substantially all of the assets of the Company; or (viii) any material diminution in the aggregate value of employee benefits provided to the Executive on the Effective Date, provided, that if such reduction occurs other than within the two (2) year period following a Change in Control, the Executive shall not have Good Reason under this clause (viii) for across-the-board reductions in benefits applicable to all senior executives of the Company and the Company Affiliates. In order to invoke a termination for Good Reason, (A) the Executive must provide written notice within ninety (90) days of the occurrence of any event of “Good Reason,” (B) the Company must fail to cure such event within fifteen (15) days of the giving of such notice and (C) the Executive must terminate employment within thirty (30) days following the expiration of the Company’s cure period.

19


Non-Compete Period” means the period commencing on the Effective Date and ending twenty-four (24) months following the termination of the Executive’s employment with the Company for any reason.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have duly executed and delivered this Agreement, or have caused this Agreement to be duly executed and delivered on their behalf.

MASONITE INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION

By:______________________________
Name: Robert A. Paxton
Title: Senior Vice President, Human Resources


Howard C. Heckes

_________________________________










[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank]

20



EXHIBIT A
GENERAL RELEASE
I, Howard C. Heckes, in consideration of and subject to the performance by Masonite International Corporation, a British Columbia corporation (together with its subsidiaries, the “Company”), of its obligations under the Employment Agreement, dated May 1, 2019 (the “Agreement”), does hereby release and forever discharge as of the date hereof the Company and its respective affiliates and all present, former and future directors, officers, agents, shareholders, trustees, fiduciaries, administrators, attorneys, insurers, representatives, employees, successors and assigns of the Company and its respective affiliates and direct or indirect owners (collectively, the “Released Parties”) to the extent provided below. Terms used herein but not otherwise defined shall have the meanings given to them in the Agreement.
1.I understand that any severance payments or benefits paid or granted to me under Section 9 of the Agreement represent, in part, consideration for signing this General Release and are not salary, wages or benefits to which I was already entitled. I understand and agree that I will not receive the severance payments and benefits specified in Section 9 of the Agreement unless I execute this General Release and do not revoke this General Release within the time period permitted hereafter or breach this General Release. Such severance payments and benefits will not be considered compensation for purposes of any employee benefit plan, program, policy or arrangement maintained or hereafter established by the Company or its affiliates.
2.    Except as provided in paragraph 4 below and except for the provisions of the Agreement which expressly survive the termination of my employment with the Company, I knowingly and voluntarily (for myself, my heirs, executors, administrators and assigns) release and forever discharge the Company and the other Released Parties from any and all claims, suits, controversies, actions, causes of action, cross-claims, counter-claims, demands, debts, compensatory damages, liquidated damages, punitive or exemplary damages, other damages, claims for costs and attorneys’ fees, or liabilities of any nature whatsoever in law and in equity, both past and present (through the date this General Release becomes effective and enforceable) and whether known or unknown, suspected, or claimed against the Company or any of the Released Parties which I, my spouse, or any of my heirs, executors, administrators or assigns, may have, which arise out of or are connected with my employment with, or my separation or termination from, or my serving in any capacity in respect of, the Company (including, but not limited to, any allegation, claim or violation, arising under: Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended; the Civil Rights Act of 1991; the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, as amended (including the Older Workers Benefit Protection Act); the Equal Pay Act of 1963, as amended; the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990; the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993; the Worker Adjustment Retraining and Notification Act; the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974; any applicable Executive Order Programs; the Fair Labor Standards Act; or their state or local counterparts; or under any other federal, state or local civil or human rights law, or under any other local, state, or federal law, regulation or ordinance; or under any public policy, contract or tort, or under common law; or arising under any policies,

1


practices or procedures of the Company; or any claim for wrongful discharge, breach of contract, infliction of emotional distress, defamation; or any claim for costs, fees, or other expenses, including attorneys’ fees incurred in these matters) (all of the foregoing collectively referred to herein as the “Claims”).
3.    I represent that I have made no assignment or transfer of any right, claim, demand, cause of action, or other matter covered by paragraph 2 above.
4.    I agree that this General Release does not waive or release any rights or claims that I may have under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 which arise after the date I execute this General Release. I acknowledge and agree that my separation from employment with the Company in compliance with the terms of the Agreement shall not serve as the basis for any claim or action (including, without limitation, any claim under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967).
5.    I agree that I hereby waive all rights to sue or obtain equitable, remedial or punitive relief from any or all Released Parties of any kind whatsoever, including, without limitation, reinstatement, back pay, front pay, and any form of injunctive relief. Notwithstanding the above, I further acknowledge that I am not waiving and am not being required to waive any right that cannot be waived under law, including the right to file an administrative charge or participate in an administrative investigation or proceeding; provided, however, that I disclaim and waive any right to share or participate in any monetary award resulting from the prosecution of such charge or investigation or proceeding. Additionally, I am not waiving (i) any right to the Accrued Benefits (as defined in the Agreement), (ii) any right to the severance payments and benefits specified in Section 9 of the Agreement, (iii) any claim relating to my rights as a shareholder of the Company, (iv) any accrued, vested benefit under any equity award agreement or employee pension or welfare benefit plan of the Company, or (v) any claim for indemnity or contribution.
6.    In signing this General Release, I acknowledge and intend that it shall be effective as a bar to each and every one of the Claims hereinabove mentioned or implied. I expressly consent that this General Release shall be given full force and effect according to each and all of its express terms and provisions, including those relating to unknown and unsuspected Claims (notwithstanding any state or local statute that expressly limits the effectiveness of a general release of unknown, unsuspected and unanticipated Claims), if any, as well as those relating to any other Claims hereinabove mentioned or implied. I acknowledge and agree that this waiver is an essential and material term of this General Release and that without such waiver the Company would not have agreed to the terms of the Agreement. I further agree that in the event I should bring a Claim seeking damages against the Company, or in the event I should seek to recover against the Company in any Claim brought by a governmental agency on my behalf, this General Release shall serve as a complete defense to such Claims to the maximum extent permitted by law. I further agree that I am not aware of any pending claim of the type described in paragraph 2 as of the execution of this General Release.

2


7.    I agree that neither this General Release, nor the furnishing of the consideration for this General Release, shall be deemed or construed at any time to be an admission by the Company, any Released Party or myself of any improper or unlawful conduct.
8.    I agree that I will forfeit all amounts payable by the Company pursuant to the Agreement if I challenge the validity of this General Release. I also agree that if I violate this General Release by suing the Company or the other Released Parties, I will pay all costs and expenses of defending against the suit incurred by the Released Parties, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, and return all payments received by me pursuant to the Agreement on or after the termination of my employment.
9.    Unless disclosure is otherwise specifically permitted by law, I agree that this General Release and the Agreement are confidential and agree not to disclose any information regarding the terms of this General Release or the Agreement, except to my immediate family and any tax, legal or other counsel I have consulted regarding the meaning or effect hereof or as required by law, and I will instruct each of the foregoing not to disclose the same to anyone to the greatest extent permitted by law.
10.    Any non-disclosure provision in this General Release does not prohibit or restrict me (or my attorney) from responding to any inquiry about this General Release or its underlying facts and circumstances by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (NASD), any other self-regulatory organization or governmental entity.
11.    I hereby acknowledge that Sections 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 24, and 25 of the Agreement shall survive my execution of this General Release.
12.    I represent that I am not aware of any claim by me other than the claims that are released by this General Release. I acknowledge that I may hereafter discover claims or facts in addition to or different than those which I now know or believe to exist with respect to the subject matter of the release set forth in paragraph 2 above and which, if known or suspected at the time of entering into this General Release, may have materially affected this General Release and my decision to enter into it.
13.    Notwithstanding anything in this General Release to the contrary, this General Release shall not relinquish, diminish, or in any way affect any rights or claims arising out of any breach by the Company or by any Released Party of the Agreement after the date hereof.
14.    Whenever possible, each provision of this General Release shall be interpreted in, such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, but if any provision of this General Release is held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect under any applicable law or rule in any jurisdiction, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other provision or any other jurisdiction, but this General Release shall be reformed, construed and enforced in such jurisdiction as if such invalid, illegal or unenforceable provision had never been contained herein.

3


BY SIGNING THIS GENERAL RELEASE, I REPRESENT AND AGREE THAT:
(i)
I HAVE READ IT CAREFULLY;
(ii)    I UNDERSTAND ALL OF ITS TERMS AND KNOW THAT I AM GIVING UP IMPORTANT RIGHTS, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, RIGHTS UNDER THE AGE DISCRIMINATION IN EMPLOYMENT ACT OF 1967, AS AMENDED, TITLE VII OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1964, AS AMENDED; THE EQUAL PAY ACT OF 1963, THE AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT OF 1990; AND THE EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT INCOME SECURITY ACT OF 1974, AS AMENDED;
(iii)
I VOLUNTARILY CONSENT TO EVERYTHING IN IT;
(iv)    I HAVE BEEN ADVISED TO CONSULT WITH AN ATTORNEY BEFORE EXECUTING IT AND I HAVE DONE SO OR, AFTER CAREFUL READING AND CONSIDERATION I HAVE CHOSEN NOT TO DO SO OF MY OWN VOLITION;
(v)    I HAVE HAD AT LEAST [21][45] DAYS FROM THE DATE OF MY RECEIPT OF THIS RELEASE TO CONSIDER IT AND THE CHANGES MADE SINCE MY RECEIPT OF THIS RELEASE ARE NOT MATERIAL OR WERE MADE AT MY REQUEST AND WILL NOT RESTART THE REQUIRED [21][45]-DAY PERIOD;
(vi)    I UNDERSTAND THAT I HAVE SEVEN (7) DAYS AFTER THE EXECUTION OF THIS RELEASE TO REVOKE IT AND THAT THIS RELEASE SHALL NOT BECOME EFFECTIVE OR ENFORCEABLE UNTIL THE REVOCATION PERIOD HAS EXPIRED;
(vii)    I HAVE SIGNED THIS GENERAL RELEASE KNOWINGLY AND VOLUNTARILY AND WITH THE ADVICE OF ANY COUNSEL RETAINED TO ADVISE ME WITH RESPECT TO IT; AND
(viii)    I AGREE THAT THE PROVISIONS OF THIS GENERAL RELEASE MAY NOT BE AMENDED, WAIVED, CHANGED OR MODIFIED EXCEPT BY AN INSTRUMENT IN WRITING SIGNED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE COMPANY AND BY ME.

NAME:__________________________________
SIGNED:_________________________________
DATE:

4
Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION

I, Howard C. Heckes, certify that:
1.
I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019, of Masonite International Corporation;
2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements and other financial information included in this report fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a.
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b.
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c.
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d.
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected or is reasonably likely to materially affect the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a.
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b.
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal controls over financial reporting.

Date:
August 6, 2019
/s/
Howard C. Heckes
 
Howard C. Heckes
 
President and Chief Executive Officer
 
(Principal Executive Officer)



Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION

I, Russell T. Tiejema, certify that:
1.
I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019, of Masonite International Corporation;
2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements and other financial information included in this report fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a.
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b.
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c.
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d.
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected or is reasonably likely to materially affect the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a.
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b.
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal controls over financial reporting.

Date:
August 6, 2019
/s/
Russell T. Tiejema
 
Russell T. Tiejema
 
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
 
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)




Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Howard C. Heckes, President and Chief Executive Officer of Masonite International Corporation (the "Company"), do hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
1.
The Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of the Company for the quarter ended June 30, 2019 (the "Report") fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m); and
2.
The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date:
August 6, 2019
/s/
Howard C. Heckes
 
Howard C. Heckes
 
President and Chief Executive Officer
 
(Principal Executive Officer)





Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Russell T. Tiejema, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Masonite International Corporation (the "Company"), do hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
1.
The Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of the Company for the quarter ended June 30, 2019 (the "Report") fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m); and
2.
The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date:
August 6, 2019
/s/
Russell T. Tiejema
 
Russell T. Tiejema
 
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
 
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)