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Table of Contents
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2021
OR
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM     TO      
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 1-11846
ATR-20210331_G1.JPG
AptarGroup, Inc.
Delaware 36-3853103
(State of Incorporation) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
265 EXCHANGE DRIVE, SUITE 100, CRYSTAL LAKE, IL 60014
815-477-0424
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class Trading symbol(s) Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $.01 par value ATR New York Stock Exchange
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No ◻
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes þ No ◻
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer ☑
Accelerated filer

☐ Non-accelerated
filer 		☐ Smaller reporting
company 		☐ Emerging growth company ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ◻
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No þ
The number of shares outstanding of common stock, as of April 23, 2021, was 65,714,946 shares.

Table of Contents
AptarGroup, Inc.
Form 10-Q
Quarter Ended March 31, 2021
INDEX
1
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3
5
6
8
27
40
40
41
42
43
i
Table of Contents
PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
AptarGroup, Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Unaudited)
In thousands, except per share amounts
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020
Net Sales $ 776,754  $ 721,553 
Operating Expenses:
Cost of sales (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown below) 488,705  451,256 
Selling, research & development and administrative 134,348  126,192 
Depreciation and amortization 57,438  50,806 
Restructuring initiatives 3,672  4,839 
Total Operating Expenses 684,163  633,093 
Operating Income 92,591  88,460 
Other Income (Expense):
Interest expense (7,415) (8,388)
Interest income 381  175 
Net investment gain 16,809  — 
Equity in results of affiliates (515) (799)
Miscellaneous, net (963) (1,412)
Total Other Income (Expense) 8,297  (10,424)
Income before Income Taxes 100,888  78,036 
Provision for Income Taxes 16,949  22,786 
Net Income $ 83,939  $ 55,250 
Net Loss Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests $ 13  $ 3 
Net Income Attributable to AptarGroup, Inc. $ 83,952  $ 55,253 
Net Income Attributable to AptarGroup, Inc. per Common Share:
Basic $ 1.29  $ 0.86 
Diluted $ 1.24  $ 0.84 
Average Number of Shares Outstanding:
Basic 65,229  64,009 
Diluted 67,648  66,111 
Dividends per Common Share $ 0.36  $ 0.36 

See accompanying unaudited Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
1
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AptarGroup, Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited)
In thousands
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020
Net Income $ 83,939  $ 55,250 
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustments (48,482) (42,229)
Changes in derivative gains, net of tax 520  1,483 
Defined benefit pension plan, net of tax
Actuarial gain, net of tax 319  — 
Amortization of prior service cost included in net income, net of tax 33  71 
Amortization of net loss included in net income, net of tax 2,354  1,565 
Total defined benefit pension plan, net of tax 2,706  1,636 
Total other comprehensive loss (45,256) (39,110)
Comprehensive Income 38,683  16,140 
Comprehensive Loss Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests 13  3 
Comprehensive Income Attributable to AptarGroup, Inc. $ 38,696  $ 16,143 
See accompanying unaudited Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
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AptarGroup, Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
In thousands
March 31, 2021 December 31, 2020
Assets
Cash and equivalents $ 254,852  $ 300,137 
Short-term investments —  243 
Total Cash and equivalents and Short-term investments 254,852  300,380 
Accounts and notes receivable, less current expected credit loss ("CECL") of $6,151 in 2021 and $5,918 in 2020
621,093  566,623 
Inventories 394,179  379,379 
Prepaid and other 136,854  122,613 
Total Current Assets 1,406,978  1,368,995 
Land 28,773  28,334 
Buildings and improvements 577,724  579,616 
Machinery and equipment 2,777,028  2,808,623 
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross 3,383,525  3,416,573 
Less: Accumulated depreciation (2,200,492) (2,217,825)
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net 1,183,033  1,198,748 
Investments in equity securities 66,102  50,087 
Goodwill 883,543  898,521 
Intangible assets, net 331,032  344,309 
Operating lease right-of-use assets 64,118  69,845 
Miscellaneous 57,833  59,548 
Total Other Assets 1,402,628  1,422,310 
Total Assets $ 3,992,639  $ 3,990,053 
See accompanying unaudited Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
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AptarGroup, Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
In thousands, except share and per share amounts
March 31, 2021 December 31, 2020
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current Liabilities:
Notes payable, revolving credit facility and overdrafts $ 1,036  $ 52,200 
Current maturities of long-term obligations, net of unamortized debt issuance costs 64,776  65,666 
Accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities 690,117  662,463 
Total Current Liabilities 755,929  780,329 
Long-Term Obligations, net of unamortized debt issuance costs 1,037,983  1,054,998 
Deferred income taxes 32,790  37,242 
Retirement and deferred compensation plans 146,568  145,959 
Operating lease liabilities 47,530  52,212 
Deferred and other non-current liabilities 71,044  68,528 
Commitments and contingencies —  — 
Total Deferred Liabilities and Other 297,932  303,941 
AptarGroup, Inc. stockholders’ equity
Common stock, $.01 par value, 199 million shares authorized, 70.0 and 69.5 million shares issued as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively
700  695 
Capital in excess of par value 874,623  849,161 
Retained earnings 1,704,336  1,643,825 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (326,965) (281,709)
Less: Treasury stock at cost, 4.4 and 4.5 million shares as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively
(352,282) (361,583)
Total AptarGroup, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity 1,900,412  1,850,389 
Noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries 383  396 
Total Stockholders’ Equity 1,900,795  1,850,785 
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity $ 3,992,639  $ 3,990,053 
See accompanying unaudited Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
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AptarGroup, Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
(Unaudited)
In thousands
Three Months Ended AptarGroup, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity
March 31, 2021 and 2020 Retained
Earnings 		Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
(Loss) Income 		Common
Stock
Par Value 		Treasury
Stock 		Capital in
Excess of
Par Value 		Non-
Controlling
Interest 		Total
Equity
Balance - December 31, 2019
$ 1,523,820  $ (341,948) $ 686  $ (381,238) $ 770,596  $ 336  $ 1,572,252 
Net income (loss) 55,253  —  —  —  —  (3) 55,250 
Adoption of CECL standard (1,377) —  —  —  —  —  (1,377)
Foreign currency translation adjustments —  (42,229) —  —  —  —  (42,229)
Changes in unrecognized pension gains (losses) and related amortization, net of tax —  1,636  —  —  —  —  1,636 
Changes in derivative gains (losses), net of tax —  1,483  —  —  —  —  1,483 
Stock awards and option exercises —  —  3  8,665  14,971  —  23,639 
Cash dividends declared on common stock (23,031) —  —  —  —  —  (23,031)
Balance - March 31, 2020 $ 1,554,665  $ (381,058) $ 689  $ (372,573) $ 785,567  $ 333  $ 1,587,623 
Balance - December 31, 2020
$ 1,643,825  $ (281,709) $ 695  $ (361,583) $ 849,161  $ 396  $ 1,850,785 
Net income (loss) 83,952  —  —  —  —  (13) 83,939 
Foreign currency translation adjustments —  (48,482) —  —  —  —  (48,482)
Changes in unrecognized pension gains (losses) and related amortization, net of tax —  2,706  —  —  —  —  2,706 
Changes in derivative gains (losses), net of tax —  520  —  —  —  —  520 
Stock awards and option exercises —  —  5  9,301  25,462  —  34,768 
Cash dividends declared on common stock (23,441) —  —  —  —  —  (23,441)
Balance - March 31, 2021 $ 1,704,336  $ (326,965) $ 700  $ (352,282) $ 874,623  $ 383  $ 1,900,795 
See accompanying unaudited Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
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AptarGroup, Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
In thousands, brackets denote cash outflows
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net income $ 83,939  $ 55,250 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operations:
Depreciation 47,627  42,792 
Amortization 9,811  8,014 
Stock-based compensation 11,489  9,141 
Provision for CECL 342  1,251 
Loss on disposition of fixed assets 91  54 
Gain on remeasurement of equity securities (16,809) — 
Deferred income taxes (3,580) 6 
Defined benefit plan expense 7,475  5,775 
Equity in results of affiliates 515  799 
Change in fair value of contingent consideration 975  — 
Changes in balance sheet items, excluding effects from foreign currency adjustments:
Accounts and other receivables (70,194) (64,764)
Inventories (26,428) (8,615)
Prepaid and other current assets (16,995) (11,787)
Accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities 49,764  51,523 
Income taxes payable (3,121) (5,278)
Retirement and deferred compensation plan liabilities (5,156) (1,312)
Other changes, net 2,440  2,184 
Net Cash Provided by Operations 72,185  85,033 
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Capital expenditures (63,884) (61,625)
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment 318  166 
Maturity of short-term investment 243  — 
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired and release of escrow —  (1,463)
Acquisition of intangible assets, net —  (3,955)
Investment in equity securities —  (20,423)
Notes receivable, net (593) (785)
Net Cash Used by Investing Activities (63,916) (88,085)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Proceeds from notes payable and overdrafts 4,019  8,148 
Repayments of notes payable and overdrafts (3,180) (2,030)
Repayments and proceeds of short term revolving credit facility, net (52,000) 175,000 
Proceeds from long-term obligations 2,053  — 
Repayments of long-term obligations (4,337) (2,386)
Dividends paid (23,441) (23,031)
Proceeds from stock option exercises 31,871  18,602 
Net Cash (Used) Provided by Financing Activities (45,015) 174,303 
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash (8,539) (3,381)
Net (Decrease) Increase in Cash and Equivalents and Restricted Cash (45,285) 167,870 
Cash and Equivalents and Restricted Cash at Beginning of Period 304,970  246,973 
Cash and Equivalents and Restricted Cash at End of Period $ 259,685  $ 414,843 
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Table of Contents
Restricted cash included in the line item prepaid and other on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as shown below represents amounts held in escrow related to the Fusion Acquisition and the Noble Acquisition.
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020
Cash and equivalents $ 254,852  $ 410,840 
Restricted cash included in prepaid and other 4,833  4,003 
Total Cash and Equivalents and Restricted Cash shown in the Statement of Cash Flows $ 259,685  $ 414,843 
See accompanying unaudited Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
7
Table of Contents
AptarGroup, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Dollars in Thousands, Except per Share Amounts, or as Otherwise Indicated)
(Unaudited)
NOTE 1 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of AptarGroup, Inc. and our subsidiaries. The terms “AptarGroup”, “Aptar”, “Company”, “we”, “us” or “our” as used herein refer to AptarGroup, Inc. and our subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.
In the opinion of management, the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (the “Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements”) include all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair statement of consolidated financial position, results of operations, comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows for the interim periods presented. The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared by the Company, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations, although we believe that the disclosures made are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. Also, certain financial position data included herein was derived from the audited Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP. Accordingly, these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020. The results of operations of any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year.
There are many uncertainties regarding the current COVID-19 pandemic, including the availability, adoption, and effectiveness of a vaccine, the length of time it takes for normal economic and operating conditions to resume, additional governmental actions that may be taken and/or extensions of time for restrictions that have been imposed to date, and numerous other uncertainties. The pandemic has impacted certain markets within our business, our operations and our financial results during the three months ended March 31, 2021. No impairments were recorded as of March 31, 2021 related to the COVID-19 pandemic. While the disruption is currently expected to be temporary, there is uncertainty around the duration. Due to significant uncertainty surrounding the situation, future results could change and therefore our results could be materially impacted.
ADOPTION OF RECENT ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
Changes to U.S. GAAP are established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) in the form of Accounting Standards Updates (“ASUs”) to the FASB’s Accounting Standards Codification.
Effective January 1, 2021, we adopted ASU 2020-10, Codification Improvements, which updates various codification topics by clarifying or improving disclosure requirements to align with the SEC's regulations, and no material impacts were noted.
Effective January 1, 2020, we adopted ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, issued by the FASB in June 2016, as well as the clarifying amendments subsequently issued. We applied the guidance using a modified retrospective approach and accordingly recognized an amount of $1.4 million as the cumulative adjustment to opening retained earnings in the first quarter of 2020. This is based on management's best estimates of specific losses on individual exposures particularly on current trade receivables, as well as the time value of money and reasonable and supportable information that is available at the reporting date about past events, current conditions and forecasts of future economic conditions. On an ongoing basis, we will contemplate forward-looking economic conditions in recording lifetime expected credit losses for our financial assets measured at cost, such as our trade receivables and certain other assets.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, which provides guidance to simplify how an entity is required to test goodwill for impairment by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. As a result, impairment charges are required for the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying amount exceeds its fair value up to the amount of its allocated goodwill. We adopted the standard on January 1, 2020 and did not record any impairment charges.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, which amends disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. The new standard modifies disclosure requirements including removing requirements to disclose the valuation process for Level 3 measurements and adding requirements to disclose the changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements and the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 measurements. We adopted the standard on January 1, 2020 and no material impacts were noted.
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In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, which amends disclosure requirements for defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans. The amendments in this update remove disclosures that are no longer considered cost beneficial, clarify the specific requirements of disclosures, and add disclosure requirements identified as relevant. We adopted the standard during the fourth quarter of 2020 and appropriate disclosures are included in the notes to the financial statements to the extent applicable. The provisions of the new standard do not have any effect on our financial statements.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15 to help entities evaluate the accounting for fees paid by a customer in a cloud computing arrangement (hosting arrangement) by providing guidance for determining when the arrangement includes a software license. The amendments in this update align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal-use software license). Accordingly, the amendments require an entity (customer) in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract to follow the guidance in Subtopic 350-40 to determine which implementation costs to capitalize as an asset related to the service contract and which costs to expense. The amendments also require the entity (customer) to expense the capitalized implementation costs of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract over the term of the hosting arrangement, which includes reasonably certain renewals. We adopted the standard on January 1, 2020 and no material impacts were noted.
Other accounting standards that have been issued by the FASB or other standards-setting bodies did not have a material impact on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
INCOME TAXES
We compute taxes on income in accordance with the tax rules and regulations of the many taxing authorities where the income is earned. The income tax rates imposed by these taxing authorities may vary substantially. Taxable income may differ from pre-tax income for financial accounting purposes. To the extent that these differences create timing differences between the tax basis of an asset or liability and our reported amount in the financial statements, an appropriate provision for deferred income taxes is made.
We maintain our assertion that the cash and distributable reserves at our non-U.S. affiliates are indefinitely reinvested. At March 31, 2021, under currently enacted laws, we do not have a balance of foreign earnings that will be subject to U.S. taxation. We will provide for the necessary withholding and local income taxes when management decides that an affiliate should make a distribution. These decisions are made taking into consideration the financial requirements of the non-U.S. affiliates and the global cash management goals of the Company.
We provide a liability for the amount of unrecognized tax benefits from uncertain tax positions. This liability is provided whenever we determine that a tax benefit will not meet a more-likely-than-not threshold for recognition.
We are subject to the examination of our returns and other tax matters by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service and other tax authorities and governmental bodies. We believe that an adequate provision for any adjustments that may result from tax examinations exists. However, the outcome of tax audits cannot be predicted with certainty. If any issues addressed in our tax audits are resolved in a manner inconsistent with our expectations, we could be required to adjust its provision for income taxes in the period such resolution occurs. The resolution of each of these audits is not expected to be material to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
NOTE 2 – REVENUE
Revenue by segment and geography for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 is as follows:
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
Segment Europe Domestic Latin
America 		Asia Total
Pharma $ 207,947  $ 89,295  $ 5,370  $ 11,220  $ 313,832 
Beauty + Home 189,240  98,807  34,342  24,557  346,946 
Food + Beverage 28,502  67,063  9,253  11,158  115,976 
Total $ 425,689  $ 255,165  $ 48,965  $ 46,935  $ 776,754 
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For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
Segment Europe Domestic Latin
America 		Asia Total
Pharma $ 190,130  $ 90,965  $ 6,579  $ 9,522  $ 297,196 
Beauty + Home 186,950  81,845  36,181  19,584  324,560 
Food + Beverage 28,769  57,590  8,034  5,404  99,797 
Total $ 405,849  $ 230,400  $ 50,794  $ 34,510  $ 721,553 
We perform our obligations under a contract with a customer by transferring goods and/or services in exchange for consideration from the customer. The timing of performance will sometimes differ from the timing of the receipt of the associated consideration from the customer, thus resulting in the recognition of a contract asset or a contract liability. We recognize a contract asset when we transfer control of goods or services to a customer prior to invoicing for the related performance obligation. The contract asset is transferred to accounts receivable when the product is shipped and invoiced to the customer. We recognize a contract liability if the customer's payment of consideration precedes the entity's performance.
The opening and closing balances of our contract asset and contract liabilities are as follows:
Balance as of December 31, 2020 Balance as of March 31, 2021 Increase/
(Decrease)
Contract asset (current) $ 16,109  $ 15,490  $ (619)
Contract asset (long-term) $ —  $ —  $ — 
Contract liability (current) $ 87,188  $ 102,721  $ 15,533 
Contract liability (long-term) $ 21,584  $ 25,747  $ 4,163 
The differences in the opening and closing balances of our contract asset and contract liabilities are primarily the result of timing differences between our performance and the customer’s payment. The total amount of revenue recognized during the current year against contract liabilities is $18.7 million, including $13.0 million relating to contract liabilities at the beginning of the year. Current contract assets and long-term contract assets are included within the Prepaid and Other and Miscellaneous assets, respectively, while current contract liabilities and long-term contract liabilities are included within Accounts Payable, Accrued and Other Liabilities and Deferred and Other Non-current Liabilities, respectively, within our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Determining the Transaction Price
In most cases, the transaction price for each performance obligation is stated in the contract. In determining the variable amounts of consideration within the transaction price (such as volume-based customer rebates), we include an estimate of the expected amount of consideration as revenue. We apply the expected value method based on all of the information (historical, current, and forecast) that is reasonably available and identify reasonable estimates based on this information. We apply the method consistently throughout the contract when estimating the effect of an uncertainty on the amount of variable consideration to which we will be entitled.
Product Sales
We primarily manufacture and sell drug delivery, dispensing, sealing and active material science solutions. The amount of consideration is typically fixed for such customers. At the time of delivery, the customer is invoiced the agreed-upon price. Revenue from product sales is typically recognized upon manufacture or shipment, when control of the goods transfers to the customer.
To determine when the control transfers, we typically assess, among other things, the shipping terms of the contract, shipping being one of the indicators of transfer of control. A majority of product sales are sold FOB shipping point. For FOB shipping point shipments, control of the goods transfers to the customer at the time of shipment of the goods. Once the goods are shipped, we are precluded from redirecting the shipment to another customer. Therefore, our performance obligation is satisfied at the time of shipment. With respect to FOB destination sales, shipping and/or handling costs that occur before the customer obtains control of the goods are deemed to be fulfillment activities and are accounted for as fulfillment costs and revenue is recorded upon final delivery to the customer location. We have elected to account for shipping and handling costs that occur after the customer has obtained control of a good as fulfillment costs rather than as a promised service. We do not have any material significant payment terms as payment is typically received shortly after the point of sale.
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There also exist instances where we manufacture highly customized products that have no alternative use to us and for which we have an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date. For these products, we transfer control and recognize revenue over time by measuring progress towards completion using the Output Method based on the number of products produced. As we normally make our products to a customer’s order, the time between production and shipment of our products is typically within a few weeks. We believe this measurement provides a faithful depiction of the transfer of goods as the costs incurred reflect the value of the products produced.
As a part of our customary business practice, we offer a standard warranty that the products will materially comply with the technical specifications and will be free from material defects. Because such warranties are not sold separately, do not provide for any service beyond a guarantee of a product’s initial specifications, and are not required by law, there is no revenue deferral for these types of warranties.
Tooling Sales
We also build or contract for molds and other tools (collectively defined as “tooling”) necessary to produce our products. As with product sales, we recognize revenue when control of the tool transfers to the customer. If the tooling is highly customized with no alternative use to us and we have an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date, we transfer control and recognize revenue over time by measuring progress towards completion using the Input Method based on costs incurred relative to total estimated costs to completion. Otherwise, revenue for the tooling is recognized at the point in time when the customer approves the tool. We do not have any material significant payment terms as payment is typically either received during the mold-build process or shortly after completion.
In certain instances, we offer extended warranties on our tools above and beyond the normal standard warranties. We normally receive payment at the inception of the contract and recognize revenue over the term of the contract. At December 31, 2020, $536 thousand of unearned revenue associated with outstanding contracts was reported in Accounts Payable, Accrued and Other Liabilities. At March 31, 2021, the unearned amount was $523 thousand. We expect to recognize approximately $98 thousand of the unearned amount during the remainder of 2021, $142 thousand in 2022, and $283 thousand thereafter.
Service Sales
We also provide services to our pharmaceutical customers. As with product sales, we recognize revenue based on completion of each performance obligation of the service contract.

Contract Costs

We do not incur significant costs to obtain or fulfill revenue contracts.

Credit Risk
We are exposed to credit losses primarily through our product sales, tooling sales and services to our customers. We assess each customer’s ability to pay for the products we sell by conducting a credit review. The credit review considers our expected billing exposure and timing for payment and the customer’s established credit rating or our assessment of the customer’s creditworthiness based on our analysis of their financial statements when a credit rating is not available. We also consider contract terms and conditions, country and political risks, and business strategy in our evaluation. A credit limit is established for each customer based on the outcome of this review.
We monitor our ongoing credit exposure through active review of customer balances against contract terms and due dates. Our activities include timely account reconciliation, dispute resolution and payment confirmation. We may employ collection agencies and legal counsel to pursue recovery of defaulted receivables.
Current uncertainty in credit and market conditions due to the COVID-19 pandemic may slow our collection efforts if customers experience significant difficulty accessing credit and paying their obligations, which may lead to higher than normal accounts receivable and increased CECL charges.
NOTE 3 - INVENTORIES
Inventories, by component net of reserves, consisted of:
March 31,
2021 		December 31,
2020
Raw materials $ 115,645  $ 116,029 
Work in process 124,097  115,870 
Finished goods 154,437  147,480 
Total $ 394,179  $ 379,379 
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NOTE 4 – GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by reporting segment since December 31, 2020 are as follows:
Pharma Beauty +
Home 		Food +
Beverage 		Corporate
& Other 		Total
Goodwill $ 436,731  $ 333,111  $ 128,679  $ 1,615  $ 900,136 
Accumulated impairment losses —  —  —  (1,615) (1,615)
Balance as of December 31, 2020 $ 436,731  $ 333,111  $ 128,679  $ —  $ 898,521 
Foreign currency exchange effects (10,456) (4,266) (256) —  (14,978)
Goodwill $ 426,275  $ 328,845  $ 128,423  $ 1,615  $ 885,158 
Accumulated impairment losses —  —  —  (1,615) (1,615)
Balance as of March 31, 2021 $ 426,275  $ 328,845  $ 128,423  $ —  $ 883,543 
The table below shows a summary of intangible assets as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.
March 31, 2021 December 31, 2020
Weighted Average Amortization Period (Years) Gross
Carrying
Amount 		Accumulated
Amortization 		Net
Value 		Gross
Carrying
Amount 		Accumulated
Amortization 		Net
Value
Amortized intangible assets:
Patents 13.8 $ 2,810  $ (1,440) $ 1,370  $ 2,861  $ (1,477) $ 1,384 
Acquired technology 12.2 109,508  (38,415) 71,093  111,854  (36,943) 74,911 
Customer relationships 13.5 283,761  (61,214) 222,547  286,644  (56,714) 229,930 
Trademarks and trade names 6.8 45,444  (18,615) 26,829  46,174  (17,437) 28,737 
License agreements and other 36.7 18,981  (9,788) 9,193  19,208  (9,861) 9,347 
Total intangible assets 13.3 $ 460,504  $ (129,472) $ 331,032  $ 466,741  $ (122,432) $ 344,309 
Aggregate amortization expense for the intangible assets above for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 was $9,811 and $8,014, respectively.
Future estimated amortization expense for the years ending December 31 is as follows:
2021 $ 27,995 
(remaining estimated amortization for 2021)
2022 38,815 
2023 38,545 
2024 35,406 
2025 and thereafter 190,271 
Future amortization expense may fluctuate depending on changes in foreign currency rates. The estimates for amortization expense noted above are based upon foreign exchange rates as of March 31, 2021.

NOTE 5 – INCOME TAXES
The tax provision for interim periods is determined using the estimated annual effective consolidated tax rate, based on the current estimate of full-year earnings and related estimated full year-taxes, adjusted for the impact of discrete quarterly items.
The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, was 16.8% and 29.2%. The reported effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2021 reflects additional tax benefits from employee stock-based compensation of $5.1 million and a $2.9 million benefit from changes in U.S. state tax laws during the quarter. A lower tax rate in France for 2021 and a more favorable mix of earnings also contributed to the lower tax rate in the current quarter.
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NOTE 6 – DEBT
Notes Payable, Revolving Credit Facility and Overdrafts
At March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, our notes payable, revolving credit facility and overdrafts, consisted of the following:
March 31,
2021 		December 31,
2020
Notes payable 0.0%
$ —  $ 200 
Revolving credit facility 0.00%
—  52,000 
Overdrafts 8.10%
1,036  — 
$ 1,036  $ 52,200 
We maintain a multi-currency revolving credit facility with two tranches that matures in July 2022 which provides for unsecured financing of up to $300 million that is available in the U.S. and up to €150 million that is available to our wholly-owned UK subsidiary. No balance was utilized under our U.S. facility or our euro-based revolving credit facility as of March 31, 2021. We utilized $52.0 million under our U.S. facility and no balance was utilized on our euro-based revolving credit facility as of December 31, 2020.
There are no compensating balance requirements associated with our revolving credit facility. Each borrowing under the credit facility will bear interest at rates based on LIBOR, prime rates or other similar rates, in each case plus an applicable margin. A facility fee on the total amount of the facility is also payable quarterly, regardless of usage. The applicable margins for borrowings under the credit facility and the facility fee percentage may change from time to time depending on changes in our consolidated leverage ratio.
In October 2020, we entered into an unsecured money market borrowing arrangement to provide short term financing of up to $30 million that is available in the U.S. No borrowing on this facility is permitted over a quarter end date. As such, no balance was utilized under this arrangement as of March 31, 2021 or December 31, 2020.
Long-Term Obligations
At March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, our long-term obligations consisted of the following:
March 31, 2021 December 31, 2020
Notes payable 0.00% – 10.90%, due in monthly and annual installments through 2028
$ 12,108  $ 14,002 
Senior unsecured notes 3.2%, due in 2022
75,000  75,000 
Senior unsecured debts 1.5% USD floating swapped to 1.36% EUR fixed, equal annual installments through 2022
112,000  112,000 
Senior unsecured notes 3.5%, due in 2023
125,000  125,000 
Senior unsecured notes 1.0%, due in 2023
117,260  122,100 
Senior unsecured notes 3.4%, due in 2024
50,000  50,000 
Senior unsecured notes 3.5%, due in 2024
100,000  100,000 
Senior unsecured notes 1.2%, due in 2024
234,520  244,200 
Senior unsecured notes 3.6%, due in 2025
125,000  125,000 
Senior unsecured notes 3.6%, due in 2026
125,000  125,000 
Finance Lease Liabilities 28,389  30,025 
Unamortized debt issuance costs (1,518) (1,663)
$ 1,102,759  $ 1,120,664 
Current maturities of long-term obligations (64,776) (65,666)
Total long-term obligations $ 1,037,983  $ 1,054,998 



13
The aggregate long-term maturities, excluding finance lease liabilities, which are disclosed in Note 7, due annually from the current balance sheet date for the next five years are:
Year One $ 60,808 
Year Two 134,839 
Year Three 344,773 
Year Four 285,040 
Year Five 250,259 
Thereafter 169 
Covenants
Our revolving credit facility and corporate long-term obligations require us to satisfy certain financial and other covenants including:
Requirement Level at March 31, 2021
Consolidated Leverage Ratio (1)  
Maximum of 3.50 to 1.00
 
1.55 to 1.00
Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio (1)  
Minimum of 3.00 to 1.00
 
17.69 to 1.00
________________________________________
(1)Definitions of ratios are included as part of the revolving credit facility agreement and the private placement agreements.
NOTE 7 – LEASES
We lease certain warehouse, plant and office facilities as well as certain equipment under noncancelable operating and finance leases expiring at various dates through the year 2034. Most of the operating leases contain renewal options and certain leases include options to purchase the related asset during or at the end of the lease term.
Amortization expense related to finance leases is included in depreciation expense while rent expense related to operating leases is included within cost of sales and selling, research & development and administrative expenses (“SG&A”).
The components of lease expense for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020
Operating lease cost $ 5,789  $ 5,254 
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets $ 976  $ 1,199 
Interest on lease liabilities $ 312  $ 348 
Total finance lease cost $ 1,288  $ 1,547 
Short-term lease and variable lease costs $ 3,128  $ 2,448 
Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases $ 5,755  $ 5,328 
Operating cash flows from finance leases 349  369 
Financing cash flows from finance leases 1,198  1,657 
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
Operating leases $ 1,496  $ 5,233 
Finance leases 47  220 
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NOTE 8 – RETIREMENT AND DEFERRED COMPENSATION PLANS
Effective January 1, 2021, our domestic noncontributory retirement plans were amended to provide that no individual who became an employee after December 31, 2020 could become a participant and that no employee whose employment terminated and who was rehired after December 31, 2020 may accrue benefits under the plan with respect to the period of employment which begins on the date that reemployment commences. These employees will instead be eligible for additional contribution to their defined contribution 401(k) employee savings plan. All domestic employees with hire/rehire dates prior to January 1, 2021 will still be eligible for the domestic pension plans and will still continue to accrue plan benefits after this date.

Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost:
Domestic Plans Foreign Plans
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020 2021 2020
Service cost $ 4,227  $ 3,577  $ 2,078  $ 1,768 
Interest cost 1,611  1,987  218  340 
Expected return on plan assets (3,073) (3,422) (723) (634)
Amortization of net loss 2,503  1,548  589  514 
Amortization of prior service cost —  —  45  97 
Net periodic benefit cost $ 5,268  $ 3,690  $ 2,207  $ 2,085 
The components of net periodic benefit cost, other than the service cost component, are included in the line Miscellaneous, net in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.
EMPLOYER CONTRIBUTIONS
We currently have no minimum funding requirements for our domestic and foreign plans. There were no payments to our ongoing domestic supplemental executive retirement plan (SERP) annuity contracts during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and we do not expect additional significant payments during 2021. We have contributed approximately $1.0 million to our foreign defined benefit plans during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and do not expect additional significant contributions during 2021.
NOTE 9 – ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income by Component:
Foreign Currency Defined Benefit Pension Plans Derivatives Total
Balance - December 31, 2019 $ (257,124) $ (83,147) $ (1,677) $ (341,948)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications (42,229) —  5,026  (37,203)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) —  1,636  (3,543) (1,907)
Net current-period other comprehensive (loss) income (42,229) 1,636  1,483  (39,110)
Balance - March 31, 2020 $ (299,353) $ (81,511) $ (194) $ (381,058)
Balance - December 31, 2020 $ (178,025) $ (102,322) $ (1,362) $ (281,709)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications (48,482) 319  5,061  (43,102)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) —  2,387  (4,541) (2,154)
Net current-period other comprehensive (loss) income (48,482) 2,706  520  (45,256)
Balance - March 31, 2021 $ (226,507) $ (99,616) $ (842) $ (326,965)
15
Reclassifications Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income:
Details about Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Income Components 		Amount Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Affected Line in the Statement
Where Net Income is Presented
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020
Defined Benefit Pension Plans
Amortization of net loss $ 3,092  $ 2,062  (1)
Amortization of prior service cost 45  97  (1)
3,137  2,159  Total before tax
(750) (523) Tax impact
$ 2,387  $ 1,636  Net of tax
Derivatives
Changes in cross currency swap: interest component $ (12) $ (763) Interest Expense
Changes in cross currency swap: foreign exchange component (4,529) (2,780) Miscellaneous, net
$ (4,541) $ (3,543) Net of tax
Total reclassifications for the period $ (2,154) $ (1,907)
______________________________________________
(1)These accumulated other comprehensive income components are included in the computation of net periodic benefit costs, net of tax. See Note 8 – Retirement and Deferred Compensation Plans for additional details.
NOTE 10 – DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES
We maintain a foreign exchange risk management policy designed to establish a framework to protect the value of our non-functional currency denominated transactions from adverse changes in exchange rates. Sales of our products can be denominated in a currency different from the currency in which the related costs to produce the product are denominated. Changes in exchange rates on such inter-country sales or intercompany loans can impact our results of operations. Our policy is not to engage in speculative foreign currency hedging activities, but to minimize our net foreign currency transaction exposure, defined as firm commitments and transactions recorded and denominated in currencies other than the functional currency. We may use foreign currency forward exchange contracts, options and cross currency swaps to economically hedge these risks.
For derivative instruments designated as hedges, we formally document the nature and relationships between the hedging instruments and the hedged items, as well as the risk management objectives, strategies for undertaking the various hedge transactions, and the method of assessing hedge effectiveness at inception. Quarterly thereafter, we formally assess whether the derivatives that are used in hedging transactions are highly effective in offsetting changes in the fair value or cash flows of the hedged item. Additionally, in order to designate any derivative instrument as a hedge of an anticipated transaction, the significant characteristics and expected terms of any anticipated transaction must be specifically identified, and it must be probable that the anticipated transaction will occur. All derivative financial instruments used as hedges are recorded at fair value in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (See Note 11 - Fair Value).
Cash Flow Hedge
For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges, the changes in fair values are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss and included in changes in derivative gain/loss. The changes in the fair values of derivatives designated as cash flow hedges are reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net income when the underlying hedged item is recognized in earnings. Cash flows from the settlement of derivative contracts designated as cash flow hedges offset cash flows from the underlying hedged items and are included in operating activities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
During 2017, our wholly-owned UK subsidiary borrowed $280 million in term loan borrowings under a new credit facility. In order to mitigate the currency risk of U.S. dollar debt on a euro functional currency entity and to mitigate the risk of variability in interest rates, we entered into a EUR/USD floating-to-fixed cross currency swap in the notional amount of $280 million to effectively hedge the foreign exchange and interest rate exposure on the $280 million term loan. This EUR/USD swap agreement fixed our U.S. dollar floating-rate debt to 1.36% euro fixed-rate debt. Related to this hedge, approximately $0.8 million of loss is included in accumulated other comprehensive loss at March 31, 2021. The amount expected to be recognized into earnings during the next 12 months related to the interest component of our cross currency swap based on prevailing foreign exchange and interest rates at March 31, 2021 is a loss of $0.5 million. The amount expected to be recognized into earnings during the next 12 months related to the foreign exchange component of our cross currency swap is dependent on fluctuations in currency exchange rates. As of March 31, 2021, the fair values of the cross currency swap were a $3.0 million liability. The swap contract expires on July 20, 2022.
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Hedge of Net Investments in Foreign Operations
A significant number of our operations are located outside of the United States. Because of this, movements in exchange rates may have a significant impact on the translation of the financial condition and results of operations of our foreign subsidiaries. A weakening U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies has an additive translation effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Conversely, a strengthening U.S. dollar has a dilutive effect. In some cases, we maintain debt in these subsidiaries to offset the net asset exposure. We do not otherwise actively manage this risk using derivative financial instruments. In the event we plan on a full or partial liquidation of any of our foreign subsidiaries where our net investment is likely to be monetized, we will consider hedging the currency exposure associated with such a transaction.
Other
As of March 31, 2021, we have recorded the fair value of foreign currency forward exchange contracts of $0.2 million in prepaid and other and $0.5 million in accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities on the balance sheet. All forward exchange contracts outstanding as of March 31, 2021 had an aggregate notional contract amount of $52.0 million.
Fair Value of Derivative Instruments in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020
March 31, 2021 December 31, 2020
Balance Sheet
Location
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments Derivatives not Designated as Hedging Instruments Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments Derivatives not Designated as Hedging Instruments
Derivative Assets
Foreign Exchange Contracts Prepaid and other $ —  $ 166  $ —  $ 322 
$ —  $ 166  $ —  $ 322 
Derivative Liabilities
Foreign Exchange Contracts Accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities $ —  $ 504  $ —  $ 146 
Cross Currency Swap Contract (1) Accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities 3,027  —  8,309  — 
$ 3,027  $ 504  $ 8,309  $ 146 
__________________________
(1)This cross currency swap contract is composed of both an interest component and a foreign exchange component.
The Effect of Cash Flow Hedge Accounting on Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 and 2020
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging
Relationships 		Amount of Gain (Loss)
Recognized in
Other Comprehensive
Income on Derivative 		Location of (Loss)
Gain Recognized
in Income on
Derivatives 		Amount of Gain (Loss)
Reclassified from
Accumulated
Other Comprehensive
Income on Derivative 		Total Amount of Affected Income Statement Line Item
2021 2020 2021 2020
Cross currency swap contract:
Interest component $ 532  $ 2,246  Interest expense $ 12  $ 763  $ (7,415)
Foreign exchange component 4,529  2,780  Miscellaneous, net 4,529  2,780  (963)
$ 5,061  $ 5,026  $ 4,541  $ 3,543 
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The Effect of Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 and 2020
Derivatives Not Designated
as Hedging Instruments 		Location of (Loss) Gain Recognized
in Income on Derivatives 		Amount of (Loss) Gain
Recognized in Income
on Derivatives
2021 2020
Foreign Exchange Contracts Other (Expense) Income:
Miscellaneous, net 		$ (513) $ 1,747 
$ (513) $ 1,747 
Gross Amounts Offset in the Statement of Financial Position Net Amounts Presented in the Statement of Financial Position Gross Amounts not Offset in the Statement of Financial Position
Gross Amount Financial Instruments Cash Collateral Received Net Amount
Description
March 31, 2021
Derivative Assets $ 166  —  $ 166  —  —  $ 166 
Total Assets $ 166  —  $ 166  —  —  $ 166 
Derivative Liabilities $ 3,531  —  $ 3,531  —  —  $ 3,531 
Total Liabilities $ 3,531  —  $ 3,531  —  —  $ 3,531 
December 31, 2020
Derivative Assets $ 322  —  $ 322  —  —  $ 322 
Total Assets $ 322  —  $ 322  —  —  $ 322 
Derivative Liabilities $ 8,455  —  $ 8,455  —  —  $ 8,455 
Total Liabilities $ 8,455  —  $ 8,455  —  —  $ 8,455 

NOTE 11 – FAIR VALUE
Authoritative guidelines require the categorization of assets and liabilities into three levels based upon the assumptions (inputs) used to price the assets or liabilities. Level 1 provides the most reliable measure of fair value, whereas Level 3 generally requires significant management judgment. The three levels are defined as follows:
•Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.
•Level 2: Observable inputs other than those included in Level 1. For example, quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets or quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in inactive markets.
•Level 3: Unobservable inputs reflecting management’s own assumptions about the inputs used in pricing the asset or liability.

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As of March 31, 2021, the fair values of our financial assets and liabilities were categorized as follows:
Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Assets
Investment in equity securities (1)
$ 22,206  $ 22,206  $ —  $ — 
Foreign exchange contracts (2)
166  —  166  — 
Total assets at fair value $ 22,372  $ 22,206  $ 166  $ — 
Liabilities
Foreign exchange contracts (2)
$ 504  $ —  $ 504  $ — 
Cross currency swap contract (2)
3,027  —  3,027  — 
Contingent consideration obligation 32,115  —  —  32,115 
Total liabilities at fair value $ 35,646  $ —  $ 3,531  $ 32,115 
As of December 31, 2020, the fair values of our financial assets and liabilities were categorized as follows:
Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Assets
Foreign exchange contracts (2)
$ 322  $ —  $ 322  $ — 
Total assets at fair value $ 322  $ —  $ 322  $ — 
Liabilities
Foreign exchange contracts (2)
$ 146  $ —  $ 146  $ — 
Cross currency swap contract (2)
8,309  —  8,309  — 
Contingent consideration obligation 31,140  —  —  31,140 
Total liabilities at fair value $ 39,595  $ —  $ 8,455  $ 31,140 
________________________________________________
(1)Investment in PureCycle Technologies (PCT). See Note 17 - Investment in Equity Securities for discussion of this investment.
(2)Market approach valuation technique based on observable market transactions of spot and forward rates.

The carrying amounts of our other current financial instruments such as cash and equivalents, accounts and notes receivable, notes payable and current maturities of long-term obligations approximate fair value due to the short-term maturity of the instruments. We consider our long-term obligations a Level 2 liability and utilize the market approach valuation technique based on interest rates that are currently available to us for issuance of debt with similar terms and maturities. The estimated fair value of our long-term obligations was $1.1 billion as of March 31, 2021 and $1.1 billion as of December 31, 2020.
As discussed in Note 19 - Acquisitions of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, we have a contingent consideration obligation to the selling equity holders of:
–Fusion Packaging, Inc. ("Fusion") in connection with the acquisition of 100% of the equity interests of Fusion (the "Fusion Acquisition") based on 2022 cumulative performance targets, and
–Noble International Holdings, Inc., Genia Medical, Inc. and JBCB Holdings, LLC (collectively referred to as "Noble") in connection with the acquisition of 100% of the equity interests of Noble (the "Noble Acquisition") based on 2024 cumulative performance targets.

We consider these obligations Level 3 liabilities and have estimated the aggregate fair value for these contingent consideration arrangements as follows:
March 31, 2021 December 31, 2020
Fusion Acquisition $ 27,460  $ 26,910 
Noble Acquisition 4,655  4,230 
$ 32,115  $ 31,140 

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Changes in the fair value of these obligations are recorded within selling, research & development and administrative expenses in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. Significant changes to the inputs, as noted above, can result in a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement. The following table provides a summary of changes in our Level 3 fair value measurements:
Balance, December 31, 2020 $ 31,140 
Increase in fair value recorded in earnings 975 
Balance, March 31, 2021 $ 32,115 
NOTE 12 - COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
In the normal course of business, we are subject to a number of lawsuits and claims both actual and potential in nature. While management believes the resolution of these claims and lawsuits will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, our results of operations or cash flows, claims and legal proceedings are subject to inherent uncertainties, and unfavorable outcomes could occur and could include amounts in excess of any accruals which management has established. Were such unfavorable final outcomes to occur, it is possible that they could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
Under our Certificate of Incorporation, we have agreed to indemnify our officers and directors for certain events or occurrences while the officer or director is, or was, serving at our request in such capacity. The maximum potential amount of future payments we could be required to make under these indemnification agreements is unlimited; however, we have a directors and officers liability insurance policy that covers a portion of our exposure. As a result of our insurance policy coverage, we believe the estimated fair value of these indemnification agreements is minimal. We have no liabilities recorded for these agreements as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.
In March 2017, the Supreme Court of Brazil issued a decision that a certain state value added tax should not be included in the calculation of federal gross receipts taxes. The decision reduces our gross receipts tax in Brazil prospectively and, potentially, retrospectively. If the Supreme Court of Brazil grants full retrospective recovery, we estimate remaining potential recoveries of approximately $1.0 million to $6.8 million, including interest. Due to uncertainties around our remaining court recovery claims, we have not recorded any further amounts relating to the retrospective nature of this matter.
In December 2019, tax authorities in Brazil notified us of a tax assessment of approximately $6.1 million, including interest and penalties of $2.3 million and $0.8 million, respectively, relating to differences in tax classification codes used for import duties for the period from January 2015 to August 2018. We are vigorously contesting the assessment, including interest and penalties, and have filed an administrative defense appeal in December 2019. In June 2020, an unfavorable decision was issued on the first administrative defense appeal. We filed a second administrative defense appeal in August 2020. We still believe we have a strong defense. Due to uncertainty in the amount of assessment and the timing of our appeal, no liability is recorded as of March 31, 2021.
NOTE 13 – STOCK REPURCHASE PROGRAM
On April 18, 2019, we announced a share repurchase authorization of up to $350 million of common stock. This authorization replaces previous authorizations and has no expiration date. We may repurchase shares through the open market, privately negotiated transactions or other programs, subject to market conditions.
During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, we did not repurchase any shares. As of March 31, 2021, there was $278.5 million of authorized share repurchases available to us.
NOTE 14 – STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
We issue restricted stock units (“RSUs”), which consist of time-based and performance-based awards, to employees under stock awards plans approved by stockholders. In addition, RSUs are issued to non-employee directors under a Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for Directors pursuant to the Company’s 2018 Equity Incentive Plan. RSUs granted to employees vest according to a specified performance period and/or vesting period. Time-based RSUs generally vest over three years. Performance-based RSUs vest at the end of the specified performance period, generally three years, assuming required performance or market vesting conditions are met. Performance-based RSUs have one of two vesting conditions: (1) based on our internal financial performance metrics and (2) based on our total shareholder return (“TSR”) relative to total shareholder returns of an industrial peer group. At the time of vesting, the vested shares of common stock are issued in the employee’s name. In addition, RSU awards are generally net settled (shares are withheld to cover the employee tax obligation). RSUs granted to directors are only time-based and generally vest over one year.
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The fair value of both time-based RSUs and performance-based RSUs pertaining to internal performance metrics is determined using the closing price of our common stock on the grant date. The fair value of performance-based RSUs pertaining to TSR is estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation. Inputs and assumptions used to calculate the fair value are shown in the table below. The fair value of these RSUs is expensed over the vesting period using the straight-line method or using the graded vesting method when an employee becomes eligible to retain the award at retirement.
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020
Fair value per stock award $ 171.63  $ 94.98 
Grant date stock price $ 141.59  $ 83.93 
Assumptions:
Aptar's stock price expected volatility 21.40  % 23.80  %
Expected average volatility of peer companies 50.00  % 48.50  %
Correlation assumption 58.10  % 63.50  %
Risk-free interest rate 0.32  % 0.31  %
Dividend yield assumption 1.02  % 1.72  %
A summary of RSU activity as of March 31, 2021 and changes during the three month period then ended is presented below:
Time-Based RSUs Performance-Based RSUs
Units Weighted Average
Grant-Date Fair Value 		Units Weighted Average
Grant-Date Fair Value
Nonvested at January 1, 2021 576,198  $ 92.47  590,064  $ 100.27 
Granted 128,297  137.97  169,268  152.47 
Vested (118,349) 89.95  (71,994) 128.70 
Forfeited (2,785) 95.77  (31,338) 91.23 
Nonvested at March 31, 2021 583,361  $ 106.33  656,000  $ 111.05 
Included in the March 31, 2021 time-based RSUs are 12,379 units granted to non-employee directors.
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020
Compensation expense $ 11,262  $ 8,281 
Fair value of units vested 19,116  9,303 
Intrinsic value of units vested 25,699  11,475 
The actual tax benefit realized for the tax deduction from RSUs was approximately $2.1 million in the three months ended March 31, 2021. As of March 31, 2021, there was $69.9 million of total unrecognized compensation cost relating to RSU awards which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.9 years.
Historically we issued stock options to our employees and non-employee directors. Beginning in 2019, we no longer issue stock options. Stock options were awarded with the exercise price equal to the market price on the date of grant and generally vest over three years and expire 10 years after grant. For stock option grants, we used historical data to estimate expected life and volatility.
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 A summary of option activity under our stock plans during the three months ended March 31, 2021 is presented below:
Stock Awards Plans Director Stock Option Plans
Options Weighted Average
Exercise Price 		Options Weighted Average
Exercise Price
Outstanding, January 1, 2021 3,998,047  $ 70.28  99,200  $ 60.80 
Granted —  —  —  — 
Exercised (507,468) 63.37  (29,500) 58.76 
Forfeited or expired (4,519) 75.27  —  — 
Outstanding at March 31, 2021 3,486,060  $ 71.28  69,700  $ 61.66 
Exercisable at March 31, 2021 3,486,060  $ 71.28  69,700  $ 61.66 
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years):
Outstanding at March 31, 2021 4.7 2.5
Exercisable at March 31, 2021 4.7 2.5
Aggregate Intrinsic Value:
Outstanding at March 31, 2021 $ 245,389  $ 5,577 
Exercisable at March 31, 2021 $ 245,389  $ 5,577 
Intrinsic Value of Options Exercised During the Three Months Ended:
March 31, 2021 $ 37,454  $ 2,474 
March 31, 2020 $ 18,202  $ 1,385 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020
Compensation expense (included in SG&A) $ 185  $ 743 
Compensation expense (included in Cost of sales) 42  117 
Compensation expense, Total $ 227  $ 860 
Compensation expense, net of tax 174  648 
Grant date fair value of options vested 2,421  7,565 
The reduction in stock option expense is due to our move to RSUs as discussed above. Cash received from option exercises was approximately $31.9 million. The actual tax benefit realized for the tax deduction from option exercises was approximately $9.1 million and $4.8 million in the three months ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020, respectively. As of March 31, 2021, there is no remaining valuation of stock option awards to be expensed in future periods.
NOTE 15 – EARNINGS PER SHARE
Basic net income per share is calculated by dividing net income attributable to Aptar by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share is calculated by dividing the net income attributable to Aptar by the weighted-average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding during the applicable period. The difference between basic and diluted earnings per share is attributable to stock-based compensation awards. Stock-based compensation awards for which total employee proceeds exceed the average market price over the applicable period would have an antidilutive effect on earnings per share, and accordingly, are excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share. The reconciliation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 is as follows:
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Three Months Ended
March 31, 2021 March 31, 2020
Diluted Basic Diluted Basic
Consolidated operations
Income available to common stockholders $ 83,952  $ 83,952  $ 55,253  $ 55,253 
Average equivalent shares
Shares of common stock 65,229  65,229  64,009  64,009 
Effect of dilutive stock-based compensation
Stock options 1,869  — 1,810  —
Restricted stock 550  — 292  —
Total average equivalent shares 67,648  65,229  66,111  64,009 
Net income per share $ 1.24  $ 1.29  $ 0.84  $ 0.86 
NOTE 16 – SEGMENT INFORMATION
We are organized into three reporting segments. Operations that sell dispensing systems, drug delivery systems, sealing solutions and services to the prescription drug, consumer health care, injectables, and active material science solutions markets form the Pharma segment. Operations that sell dispensing systems and sealing solutions primarily to the beauty, personal care and home care markets form the Beauty + Home segment. Operations that sell dispensing systems and sealing solutions to the food and beverage markets form the Food + Beverage segment.
The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in Part II, Item 8, Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020. We evaluate performance of our reporting segments and allocate resources based upon Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as earnings before net interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, unallocated corporate expenses, restructuring initiatives, acquisition-related costs, net investment gains and losses related to observable market price changes on equity securities and other special items.
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Financial information regarding our reporting segments is shown below:
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020
Total Sales:
Pharma $ 315,811  $ 299,590 
Beauty + Home 353,377  330,466 
Food + Beverage 116,703  100,301 
Total Sales $ 785,891  $ 730,357 
Less: Intersegment Sales:
Pharma $ 1,979  $ 2,394 
Beauty + Home 6,431  5,906 
Food + Beverage 727  504 
Total Intersegment Sales $ 9,137  $ 8,804 
Net Sales:
Pharma $ 313,832  $ 297,196 
Beauty + Home 346,946  324,560 
Food + Beverage 115,976  99,797 
Net Sales $ 776,754  $ 721,553 
Adjusted EBITDA (1):
Pharma $ 108,484  $ 108,342 
Beauty + Home 35,356  34,247 
Food + Beverage 19,990  15,407 
Corporate & Other, unallocated (11,607) (13,828)
Acquisition-related costs (2) —  (2,274)
Restructuring Initiatives (3) (3,672) (4,839)
Net investment gain (4) 16,809  — 
Depreciation and amortization (57,438) (50,806)
Interest Expense (7,415) (8,388)
Interest Income 381  175 
Income before Income Taxes $ 100,888  $ 78,036 
________________________________________________
(1)We evaluate performance of our reporting segments and allocate resources based upon Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as earnings before net interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, unallocated corporate expenses, restructuring initiatives, acquisition-related costs, net investment gains and losses related to observable market price changes on equity securities and other special items.
(2)Acquisition-related costs include transaction costs and purchase accounting adjustments related to acquisitions and investments (see Note 17 – Acquisitions in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2020 for further details).
(3)Restructuring Initiatives includes expense items for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 as follows (see Note 18 – Restructuring Initiatives for further details):
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020
Restructuring Initiatives by Segment
Pharma $ 35  $ (31)
Beauty + Home 1,096  4,907 
Food + Beverage (79) 103 
Corporate & Other 2,620  (140)
Total Restructuring Initiatives $ 3,672  $ 4,839 
(4)Net investment gain represents the change in fair value of our investment in PCT (see Note 17 – Investment in Equity Securities for further details).
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NOTE 17 – INVESTMENT IN EQUITY SECURITIES
Our investment in equity securities consisted of the following:
March 31,
2021 		December 31,
2020
Equity Method Investments:
BTY $ 32,632  $ 33,020 
Sonmol 5,400  5,598 
Kali Care 456  535 
Desotec GmbH 897  964 
Other Investments:
PureCycle 22,206  5,397 
Loop 2,894  2,894 
Others 1,617  1,679 
$ 66,102  $ 50,087 
Equity method investments
BTY
On January 1, 2020, we acquired 49% of the equity interests in 3 related companies: Suzhou Hsing Kwang, Suqian Hsing Kwang and Suzhou BTY (collectively referred to as “BTY”) for an approximate purchase price of $32 million. We have a call option to acquire an additional 26% to 31% of BTY’s equity interests following the initial lock-up period of 5 years based on a predetermined formula. Subsequent to the second lock-up period, which ends 3 years after the initial lock-up period, we have a call option to acquire the remaining equity interests of BTY based on a predetermined formula. Additionally, the selling shareholders of BTY have a put option for the remaining equity interest to be acquired by Aptar based on a predetermined formula. The BTY entities are leading Chinese manufacturers of high quality, decorative metal components, metal-plastic sub-assemblies, and complete color cosmetics packaging solutions for the beauty industry.
Sonmol
On April 1, 2020, we invested $5 million to acquire 30% of the equity interests in Healthcare, Inc., Shanghai Sonmol Internet Technology Co., Ltd. and its subsidiary, Shanghai Sonmol Medical Equipment Co., Ltd. (collectively referred to as “Sonmol”), a pharmaceutical and leading Chinese digital respiratory therapeutics company that provides connected devices for asthma control and develops digital therapies and services platforms targeting chronic respiratory illnesses and other diseases.
Kali Care
During 2017, we invested $5 million to acquire 20% of the equity interests in Kali Care, a technology company that provides digital monitoring systems for medical devices. During the fourth quarter of 2020, we recognized an other than temporary impairment of $3.0 million ($2.3 million after-tax) on our underlying assets in this investment as a result of a reassessment of the future value of the business and continued reduction in operating cash flows.
Desotec GmbH
During 2009, we invested €574 thousand to acquire 23% of the equity interests in Desotec GmbH, a leading manufacturer of special assembly machines for bulk processing for the pharmaceutical, beauty and home and food and beverages markets.
Other investments
During August 2019, we invested an aggregate amount of $3.5 million in two preferred equity investments in sustainability companies Loop and PureCycle Technologies (“PureCycle”) that were accounted for at cost less impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar investments of the same issuer. During 2020, we invested an additional $1.4 million in these two equity investments and also received $333 thousand of equity in PureCycle in exchange for our resource dedication for technological partnership and support. In November 2020, we increased the value of the PureCycle investment by $3.1 million based on observable price changes.
25
In March 2021, PureCycle was purchased by a special purpose acquisition company and was subsequently listed on Nasdaq under the ticker PCT. At that time, our investment in PureCycle was converted into shares of PCT. This investment is now recorded at fair value based on observable market prices for identical assets and the change in fair value is recorded as a net investment gain or loss in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. In March 2021, we recorded an unrealized gain on our investment in PureCycle of $16.8 million.
There were no indications of impairment noted in the three months ended March 31, 2021 related to these investments.
NOTE 18 – RESTRUCTURING INITIATIVES
In late 2017, we began a business transformation to drive profitable sales growth, increase operational excellence, enhance our approach to innovation and improve organizational effectiveness. The primary focus of the plan is the Beauty + Home segment; however, certain global general and administrative functions are also being addressed. For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, we recognized $3.7 million and $4.8 million of restructuring costs related to this plan, respectively. Using current exchange rates, we estimate total implementation costs of approximately $125 million for these initiatives, including costs that have been recognized to date. The cumulative expense incurred as of March 31, 2021 was $116.7 million. We have also made total capital investments related to this plan of approximately $50 million, with no further significant capital investments expected.
As of March 31, 2021 we have recorded the following activity associated with the business transformation:
Beginning Reserve at 12/31/2020
Net Charges for the Three Months Ended 3/31/2021
Cash Paid Interest and
FX Impact 		Ending Reserve at 3/31/2021
Employee severance $ 7,956  $ (260) $ (2,425) $ (163) $ 5,108 
Professional fees and other costs 2,533  3,932  (3,223) (42) 3,200 
Totals $ 10,489  $ 3,672  $ (5,648) $ (205) $ 8,308 


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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
(AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS, OR AS OTHERWISE INDICATED)
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020
Net sales 100.0  % 100.0  %
Cost of sales (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown below) 62.9  62.5 
Selling, research & development and administrative 17.3  17.5 
Depreciation and amortization 7.4  7.0 
Restructuring initiatives 0.5  0.7 
Operating income 11.9  12.3 
Other income (expense) 1.1  (1.5)
Income before income taxes 13.0  10.8 
Net Income 10.8  7.7 
Effective tax rate 16.8  % 29.2  %
Adjusted EBITDA margin (1) 19.6  % 20.0  %
________________________________________________
(1)Adjusted EBITDA margins are calculated as Adjusted EBITDA divided by Reported Net Sales. See the reconciliation under "Non-U.S. GAAP Measures".
SIGNIFICANT DEVELOPMENTS
During the first quarter of 2021, financial results and operations continued to be adversely impacted by the novel coronavirus ("COVID-19") pandemic. The significance of the impacts to our segments are discussed herein. While we have certain applications that have benefited from the pandemic such as injectables and personal care, these benefits are more than offset by the adverse impact on sales of our beauty products sold via duty free travel and retail stores and a reduction of our products used for bottled water and on-the-go beverage applications.
As each of our segments produce dispensing systems that have been determined to be essential products by various government agencies around the world, our facilities remained operational during the quarter. We have taken a variety of measures to ensure the availability and functioning of our critical infrastructure, to promote the safety and security of our employees and to support the communities in which we operate. We are following public and private sector policies and initiatives to reduce the transmission of COVID-19, such as the imposition of travel restrictions, the promotion of social distancing and the adoption of work-from-home arrangements, and all of these policies and initiatives have impacted our operations. Due to the dynamic nature of the situation, we are not able at this time to estimate the impact of COVID-19 on our future financial results and operations, but the impact could be material for the remainder of fiscal year 2021 and could be material during any future periods affected either directly or indirectly by this pandemic.
NET SALES
Reported net sales for the first three months of 2021 increased 8% to $776.8 million compared to $721.6 million for the first three months of 2020. The average U.S. dollar exchange rate weakened compared to the euro and other major currencies in which we operate, resulting in a positive currency translation impact of 5%. The acquisition of Fusion Packaging, Inc. ("Fusion") positively impacted sales by 2%. Therefore, core sales, which exclude acquisitions and changes in foreign currency rates, increased by 1% in the first three months of 2021 compared to the same period in 2020 due to the positive impact of the increase in resin prices. Operationally, strong sales growth within our injectables market was offset by inventory drawdowns in our prescription and consumer healthcare markets. We also recognized strong sales growth within our food market while the beauty and beverage markets continued to be significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
Net Sales Change over Prior Year 		Pharma Beauty
+ Home 		Food +
Beverage 		Total
Core Sales Growth —  % (3) % 14  % 1  %
Acquisitions —  % 6  % —  % 2  %
Currency Effects (1) 6  % 4  % 2  % 5  %
Total Reported Net Sales Growth 6  % 7  % 16  % 8  %
________________________________________________
(1)Currency effects are calculated by translating last year’s amounts at this year’s foreign exchange rates.
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The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, net sales by geographic location:
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 % of Total 2020 % of Total
Domestic $ 255,165  33  % $ 230,400  32  %
Europe 425,689  55  % 405,849  56  %
Latin America 48,965  6  % 50,794  7  %
Asia 46,935  6  % 34,510  5  %
For further discussion on net sales by reporting segment, please refer to the analysis of segment net sales and segment Adjusted EBITDA on the following pages.
COST OF SALES (EXCLUSIVE OF DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION SHOWN BELOW)
Cost of sales ("COS") as a percent of net sales increased slightly to 62.9% in the first three months of 2021 compared to 62.5% in the same period a year ago. This increase in COS is mainly due to the decreased sales mix and smaller percentage of our Pharma business compared to the total during the first quarter of 2021. As discussed below, within the Pharma segment we experienced declines in sales to our higher margin prescription and consumer healthcare markets which leads to an overall increase in COS as a percentage of net sales. We also experienced higher resin costs, higher freight costs and logistic delays, and temporary inefficiencies in our manufacturing process related to the COVID-19 pandemic.
SELLING, RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT AND ADMINISTRATIVE
Selling, research & development and administrative expenses ("SG&A") increased by $8.2 million to $134.3 million in the first three months of 2021 compared to $126.2 million during the same period a year ago. Excluding changes in foreign currency rates, SG&A increased by approximately $2.8 million in the first three months of 2021 compared to the first three months of 2020. The increase is due to $3.4 million of incremental SG&A costs from our acquisition of Fusion completed subsequent to March 31, 2020. The remaining decrease in SG&A is related to cost saving initiatives put in place due to COVID-19, such as lower travel and entertainment spending. SG&A as a percentage of net sales decreased to 17.3% compared to 17.5% in the same period of the prior year primarily due to these cost savings measures.
DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION
Reported depreciation and amortization expenses increased by approximately $6.6 million to $57.4 million in the first three months of 2021 compared to $50.8 million during the same period a year ago. Excluding changes in foreign currency rates, depreciation and amortization increased by approximately $4.3 million in the first three months of 2021 compared to the same period a year ago. The majority of this increase is due to $2.4 million of incremental depreciation and amortization costs related to our Fusion acquisition. We have also increased our capital spending during the current and prior year to support our growth strategy. Depreciation and amortization as a percentage of net sales increased to 7.4% in the first three months of 2021 compared to 7.0% in the same period of the prior year.
RESTRUCTURING INITIATIVES
In late 2017, we began a business transformation plan to drive profitable sales growth, increase operational excellence, enhance our approach to innovation and improve organizational effectiveness. The primary focus of the plan is the Beauty + Home segment; however, certain global general and administrative functions are also being addressed. Restructuring costs related to this plan for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020
Restructuring Initiatives by Segment
Pharma $ 35  $ (31)
Beauty + Home 1,096  4,907 
Food + Beverage (79) 103 
Corporate & Other 2,620  (140)
Total Restructuring Initiatives $ 3,672  $ 4,839 
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We have successfully implemented the vast majority of our planned initiatives related to our transformation plan, including successfully implementing new commercial strategies, reducing costs and adding capabilities in Asia and in fast growing application fields that we believe will position the segment for future growth and profitability. However, the COVID-19 global pandemic has caused several initiatives that were expected to be completed in 2020 to be delayed, including the planned closure of two facilities in the U.S., and resulted in a significant decline in our beauty business. While our Beauty + Home segment continues to be profitable, the disruption caused by the pandemic, including higher operating costs, have more than offset any expected growth in earnings from our transformation. Though we believe the beauty market remains a long-term attractive growth market and we remain committed to completing our remaining transformation initiatives, we expect the return to growth to be gradual and non-linear as this market is highly correlated to the return to post-pandemic normal consumer behavior, including travel, which has proven to be sporadic and uncertain. We estimate total implementation costs of approximately $125 million for these initiatives. The cumulative expense incurred to date is $116.7 million. We have also made capital investments of approximately $50 million related to this plan, with no further significant capital investments expected.
OPERATING INCOME
For the first three months of 2021, operating income increased approximately $4.1 million to $92.6 million compared to $88.5 million in the same period of the prior year. Excluding changes in foreign currency rates, operating income decreased by approximately $2.8 million in the first three months of 2021 compared to the same period a year ago. The majority of this decrease is due to the impact of lower sales and operational inefficiencies related to the COVID-19 pandemic when comparing the current quarter results to the pre-COVID-19 results in the first quarter of 2020. We also experienced higher input costs with increased resin and transportation prices. Operating income as a percentage of net sales decreased to 11.9% in the first three months of 2021 compared to 12.3% for the same period in the prior year.
NET OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE)
Net other income (expense) improved $18.7 million to $8.3 million of income for the three months ended March 31, 2021 from $10.4 million of expense in the same period of the prior year. $16.8 million of this improvement is a gain on our investment in PureCycle Technologies (“PureCycle”). As discussed in Note 17 - Investment in Equity Securities of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, our investment in PureCycle was converted into shares of PCT, a publicly traded entity, during the first quarter of 2021. This investment is now recorded at fair value based on observable market prices for identical assets and the change in fair value is recorded as a net investment gain or loss in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. We believe that investment gains and losses, whether realized from sales or unrealized from changes in market prices, are not considered relevant to understanding our reported consolidated earnings or evaluating our periodic economic performance. We believe the net investment gains and losses recorded in earnings, including the changes in market prices for equity securities, in any given period has little analytical or predictive value. We also realized $1.0 million of lower interest expense during the first quarter of 2021 as we continue to reduce outstanding debt with our strong free cash flow generation over the past year. Within miscellaneous expense, an increase in pension costs was more than offset by a net favorable impact on our hedging activities during the first quarter of 2021 compared to the prior year period.
PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES
The tax provision for interim periods is determined using the estimated annual effective consolidated tax rate, based on the current estimate of full-year earnings and related estimated full year-taxes, adjusted for the impact of discrete quarterly items. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, was 16.8% and 29.2%. The reported effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2021 reflects additional tax benefits from employee stock-based compensation of $5.1 million and a $2.9 million benefit from changes in U.S. state tax laws during the quarter. A lower tax rate in France for 2021 and a more favorable mix of earnings also contributed to the lower tax rate in the current quarter.
NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO APTARGROUP, INC.
We reported net income attributable to AptarGroup of $84.0 million in the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to $55.3 million for the same period in the prior year.
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PHARMA SEGMENT
Operations that sell dispensing systems, drug delivery systems, sealing solutions and services to the prescription drug, consumer health care, injectables and active material science solutions markets form the Pharma segment.
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020
Net Sales $ 313,832  $ 297,196 
Adjusted EBITDA (1) 108,484  108,342 
Adjusted EBITDA margin (1) 34.6  % 36.5  %
________________________________________________
(1)Adjusted EBITDA is calculated as earnings before net interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, unallocated corporate expenses, restructuring initiatives, acquisition-related costs, net investment gains and losses related to observable market price changes on equity securities and other special items. Adjusted EBITDA margins are calculated as Adjusted EBITDA divided by Reported Net Sales. See the reconciliation under "Non-U.S. GAAP Measures".

Net sales for the first three months of 2021 increased by 6% to $313.8 million compared to $297.2 million in the first three months of 2020. Changes in currency rates positively impacted net sales by 6%. Therefore, core sales for the first three months of 2021 were even with the same period of the prior year. Core sales of our products to the injectables and active material science solutions markets increased 14% and 5% respectively due to strong demand for our vaccine components and active material science solutions. Core sales to the prescription drug and consumer health care markets decreased 8% and 1%, respectively as fewer non-critical doctor visits and lower incidence of cold and flu illnesses this season have resulted in certain Pharma customers drawing down inventory levels of allergy and other respiratory treatment delivery devices.
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
Net Sales Change over Prior Year 		Prescription
Drug 		Consumer
Health Care
Injectables Active Material Science Solutions Total
Core Sales Growth (8) % (1) % 14  % 5  % —  %
Currency Effects (1) 6  % 7  % 7  % 3  % 6  %
Total Reported Net Sales Growth (2) % 6  % 21  % 8  % 6  %
_______________________________________
(1)Currency effects are calculated by translating last year’s amounts at this year’s foreign exchange rates.
Adjusted EBITDA in the first three months of 2021 increased slightly to $108.5 million compared to $108.3 million reported in the same period of the prior year. While first quarter core sales were at the same level as the first quarter of 2020, we experienced lower margins due to a shift in mix away from our more profitable prescription and consumer healthcare products. This reduction in margin was more than offset by cost savings initiatives and the translation of our foreign entity results to the U.S. dollar.
BEAUTY + HOME SEGMENT
Operations that sell dispensing systems and sealing solutions to the beauty, personal care and home care markets form the Beauty + Home segment.
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020
Net Sales $ 346,946  $ 324,560 
Adjusted EBITDA (1) 35,356  34,247 
Adjusted EBITDA margin (1) 10.2  % 10.6  %
________________________________________________
(1)Adjusted EBITDA is calculated as earnings before net interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, unallocated corporate expenses, restructuring initiatives, acquisition-related costs, net investment gains and losses related to observable market price changes on equity securities and other special items. Adjusted EBITDA margins are calculated as Adjusted EBITDA divided by Reported Net Sales. See the reconciliation under "Non-U.S. GAAP Measures".

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For the first three months of 2021, net sales increased 7% to $346.9 million compared to $324.6 million in the first three months of the prior year. Changes in currency rates positively impacted net sales by 4% while our acquisition of Fusion improved sales by 6% in the first quarter of 2021. Therefore, core sales decreased by 3% in the first three months of 2021 compared to the same period in the prior year. The COVID-19 pandemic continued to negatively impact core sales to the beauty market during the first quarter of 2021 due to lower retail sales and duty free sales related to domestic and international travel reductions. Core sales of our products to the beauty market decreased 10% during the first three months of 2021 as we experienced a reduction in orders from customers providing both fragrance and skin care products as the first quarter of 2020 was only in the beginning stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, personal care core sales increased 2% as increased sales of our hand sanitizer and liquid soap dispensers more than compensated for softness in our deodorant, hair care and sun care applications while many consumers continue to shelter in place. Core sales to the home care markets increased 13% on strong demand for our air care, industrial and automotive products.
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
Net Sales Change over Prior Year 		Personal
Care 		Beauty Home
Care 		Total
Core Sales Growth 2  % (10) % 13  % (3) %
Acquisitions —  % 11  % —  % 6  %
Currency Effects (1) 4  % 5  % 4  % 4  %
Total Reported Net Sales Growth 6  % 6  % 17  % 7  %
________________________________________________
(1)Currency effects are calculated by translating last year’s amounts at this year’s foreign exchange rates.

Adjusted EBITDA in the first three months of 2021 increased 3% to $35.4 million compared to $34.2 million reported in the same period in the prior year. This improvement is due to the incremental profit from our Fusion acquisition during the first quarter of 2021, partially offset by lower sales to the beauty market noted above along with higher resin and other input costs incurred during the first quarter of 2021. These cost increases are partially offset by operational improvements which are mainly driven from our transformation initiatives.
FOOD + BEVERAGE SEGMENT
Operations that sell dispensing systems and sealing solutions to the food and beverage markets form the Food + Beverage segment.
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020
Net Sales $ 115,976  $ 99,797 
Adjusted EBITDA (1) 19,990  15,407 
Adjusted EBITDA margin (1) 17.2  % 15.4  %
________________________________________________
(1)Adjusted EBITDA is calculated as earnings before net interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, unallocated corporate expenses, restructuring initiatives, acquisition-related costs, net investment gains and losses related to observable market price changes on equity securities and other special items. Adjusted EBITDA margins are calculated as Adjusted EBITDA divided by Reported Net Sales. See the reconciliation under "Non-U.S. GAAP Measures".
Net sales for the first three months of 2021 increased by 16% to $116.0 million compared to $99.8 million in the first three months of 2020. Changes in currency rates positively impacted net sales by 2%. Therefore, core sales increased by 14% in the first three months of 2021 compared to the same period in the prior year. Strong product sales and the pass-through of higher resin costs positively impacted the first three months of 2021 by $7.5 million and $6.2 million, respectively. Core sales to the food market increased 19% while core sales to the beverage market increased 2% in the first three months of 2021 compared to the same period of the prior year. For the food markets, the strong pantry stocking that we experienced during the fourth quarter of 2020 continued into the first quarter of 2021 as consumers continued to cook at home during the COVID-19 pandemic. While the beverage market reported 2% growth in core sales during the quarter, this increase is all related to the pass through of higher resin prices. Sales of our premium bottled water and on-the-go functional drink products continued to be negatively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
Net Sales Change over Prior Year 		Food Beverage Total
Core Sales Growth 19  % 2  % 14  %
Currency Effects (1) 2  % 2  % 2  %
Total Reported Net Sales Growth 21  % 4  % 16  %
______________________________________________________________
(1)Currency effects are calculated by translating last year’s amounts at this year’s foreign exchange rates.
Adjusted EBITDA in the first three months of 2021 increased 30% to $20.0 million compared to $15.4 million reported in the same period of the prior year. Strong product sales to the food market, as discussed above, drove a large part of our adjusted EBITDA growth during the first quarter of 2021.
CORPORATE & OTHER
In addition to our three reporting segments, we assign certain costs to “Corporate & Other,” which is presented separately in Note 16 – Segment Information of the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. For Corporate & Other, Adjusted EBITDA (which excludes net interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, restructuring initiatives, acquisition-related costs, net investment gains and losses related to observable market price changes on equity securities and other special items) primarily includes certain professional fees, compensation and information system costs which are not allocated directly to our reporting segments. Corporate & Other expenses in the first three months of 2021 decreased to $11.6 million compared to $13.8 million reported in the same period of the prior year. On a constant currency basis, Corporate & Other expense decreased $3.5 million. As discussed above, part of this decrease is due to cost saving initiatives put in place due to COVID-19. We also benefited from a net favorable impact on our hedging activities during the first quarter of 2021.
NON-U.S. GAAP MEASURES
In addition to the information presented herein that conforms to U.S. GAAP, we also present financial information that does not conform to U.S. GAAP, which are referred to as non-U.S. GAAP financial measures. Management may assess our financial results both on a U.S. GAAP basis and on a non-U.S. GAAP basis. We believe it is useful to present these non-U.S. GAAP financial measures because they allow for a better period over period comparison of operating results by removing the impact of items that, in management’s view, do not reflect our core operating performance. These non-U.S. GAAP financial measures should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for U.S. GAAP financial results, but should be read in conjunction with the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and other information presented herein. Investors are cautioned against placing undue reliance on these non-U.S. GAAP measures. Further, investors are urged to review and consider carefully the adjustments made by management to the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measure to arrive at these non-U.S. GAAP financial measures.
In our Management’s Discussion and Analysis, we exclude the impact of foreign currency translation when presenting net sales information, which we define as “constant currency.” Changes in net sales excluding the impact of foreign currency translation is a non-U.S. GAAP financial measure. As a worldwide business, it is important that we take into account the effects of foreign currency translation when we view our results and plan our strategies. Consequently, when our management looks at our financial results to measure the core performance of our business, we may exclude the impact of foreign currency translation by translating our prior period results at current period foreign currency exchange rates. As a result, our management believes that these presentations are useful internally and may be useful to investors. We also exclude the impact of material acquisitions when comparing results to prior periods. Changes in operating results excluding the impact of acquisitions are non-U.S. GAAP financial measures. We believe it is important to exclude the impact of acquisitions on period over period results in order to evaluate performance on a more comparable basis.
We present earnings before net interest and taxes (“EBIT”) and earnings before net interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”). We also present our adjusted earnings before net interest and taxes (“Adjusted EBIT”) and adjusted earnings before net interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“Adjusted EBITDA”), both of which exclude the business transformation charges (restructuring initiatives), acquisition-related costs, purchase accounting adjustments related to acquisitions and investments and net investment gains and losses related to observable market price changes on equity securities. Our Outlook is also provided on a non-U.S. GAAP basis because certain reconciling items are dependent on future events that either cannot be controlled, such as tax and exchange rates, or reliably predicted because they are not part of our routine activities, such as restructuring initiatives and acquisition-related costs.
We provide a reconciliation of Net Debt to Net Capital as a non-U.S. GAAP measure. “Net Debt” is calculated as interest bearing debt less cash and equivalents and short-term investments while “Net Capital” is calculated as stockholders’ equity plus Net Debt. Net Debt to Net Capital measures a company’s financial leverage, which gives users an idea of a company's financial structure, or how it is financing its operations, along with insight into its financial strength. We believe that it is meaningful to take into consideration the balance of our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments when evaluating our leverage. If needed, such assets could be used to reduce our gross debt position.
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Finally, we provide a reconciliation of free cash flow as a non-U.S. GAAP measure. Free cash flow is calculated as cash provided by operating activities less capital expenditures. We use free cash flow to measure cash flow generated by operations that is available for dividends, share repurchases, acquisitions and debt repayment. We believe that it is meaningful to investors in evaluating our financial performance and measuring our ability to generate cash internally to fund our initiatives.
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2021
Consolidated Pharma Beauty + Home Food + Beverage Corporate & Other Net Interest
Net Sales $ 776,754  $ 313,832  $ 346,946  $ 115,976  $ —  $ — 
Reported net income $ 83,939 
Reported income taxes 16,949 
Reported income before income taxes 100,888  87,670  9,688  10,010  554  (7,034)
Adjustments:
Restructuring initiatives 3,672  35  1,096  (79) 2,620 
Net investment gain (16,809) (16,809)
Adjusted earnings before income taxes 87,751  87,705  10,784  9,931  (13,635) (7,034)
Interest expense 7,415  7,415 
Interest income (381) (381)
Adjusted earnings before net interest and taxes (Adjusted EBIT) 94,785  87,705  10,784  9,931  (13,635) — 
Depreciation and amortization 57,438  20,779  24,572  10,059  2,028 
Adjusted earnings before net interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (Adjusted EBITDA) $ 152,223  $ 108,484  $ 35,356  $ 19,990  $ (11,607) $ — 
Adjusted EBITDA margins (Adjusted EBITDA / Reported Net Sales) 19.6  % 34.6  % 10.2  % 17.2  %
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Three Months Ended
March 31, 2020
Consolidated Pharma Beauty + Home Food + Beverage Corporate & Other Net Interest
Net Sales $ 721,553  $ 297,196  $ 324,560  $ 99,797  $ —  $ — 
Reported net income $ 55,250 
Reported income taxes 22,786 
Reported income before income taxes 78,036  89,854  7,108  5,962  (16,675) (8,213)
Adjustments:
Restructuring initiatives 4,839  (31) 4,907  103  (140)
Transaction costs related to acquisitions 1,384  —  1,384  —  — 
Purchase accounting adjustments related to acquisitions and investments 1,390  1,128  262  —  — 
Adjusted earnings before income taxes 85,649  90,951  13,661  6,065  (16,815) (8,213)
Interest expense 8,388  8,388 
Interest income (175) (175)
Adjusted earnings before net interest and taxes (Adjusted EBIT) 93,862  90,951  13,661  6,065  (16,815) — 
Depreciation and amortization 50,806  17,891  20,586  9,342  2,987 
Purchase accounting adjustments included in Depreciation and amortization above (500) (500) — — —
Adjusted earnings before net interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (Adjusted EBITDA) $ 144,168  $ 108,342  $ 34,247  $ 15,407  $ (13,828) $ — 
Adjusted EBITDA margins (Adjusted EBITDA / Reported Net Sales) 20.0  % 36.5  % 10.6  % 15.4  %
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Net Debt to Net Capital Reconciliation March 31, December 31,
2021 2020
Notes payable, revolving credit facility and overdrafts $ 1,036  $ 52,200 
Current maturities of long-term obligations, net of unamortized debt issuance costs 64,776  65,666 
Long-Term Obligations, net of unamortized debt issuance costs 1,037,983  1,054,998 
Total Debt 1,103,795  1,172,864 
Less:
Cash and equivalents 254,852  300,137 
Short-term investments —  243 
Net Debt $ 848,943  $ 872,484 
Total Stockholders' Equity $ 1,900,795  $ 1,850,785 
Net Debt 848,943  872,484 
Net Capital $ 2,749,738  $ 2,723,269 
Net Debt to Net Capital 30.9  % 32.0  %
Free Cash Flow Reconciliation March 31, March 31,
2021 2020
Net Cash Provided by Operations $ 72,185  $ 85,033 
Less:
Capital Expenditures 63,884  61,625 
Free Cash Flow $ 8,301  $ 23,408 
FOREIGN CURRENCY
Because of our international presence, movements in exchange rates may have a significant impact on the translation of the financial statements of our foreign subsidiaries. Our primary foreign exchange exposure is to the euro, but we also have foreign exchange exposure to the Chinese yuan, Brazilian real, Mexican peso, Swiss franc and other Asian, European and South American currencies. A weakening U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies has an additive translation effect on our financial statements. Conversely, a strengthening U.S. dollar has a dilutive effect. In some cases, we sell products denominated in a currency different from the currency in which the related costs are incurred. Any changes in exchange rates on such inter-country sales could materially impact our results of operations. During the first quarter of 2021, the U.S. dollar weakened compared to the major European currencies and the Chinese yuan, while it appreciated against most Latin America currencies. This resulted in an additive impact on our translated results during the first quarter of 2021 when compared to the first quarter of 2020.
QUARTERLY TRENDS
Our results of operations in the last quarter of the year typically are negatively impacted by customer plant shutdowns in December. Several of the markets we serve are impacted by the seasonality of underlying consumer products. This, in turn, may have an impact on our net sales and results of operations for those markets. However, we believe the diversification of our product portfolio minimizes fluctuations in our overall quarterly financial statements and results in immaterial seasonality impact on our Condensed Consolidated Financials Statements when viewed quarter over quarter.
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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Given the diversification of our segments, the low level of leverage relative to others in our industry and our ability to generate strong levels of cash flow from operations, we believe we are in a strong financial position and have the financial resources to meet our business requirements in the foreseeable future. We have historically used cash flow from operations, our revolving credit facilities, proceeds from stock options and debt, as needed, as our primary sources of liquidity. Our primary uses of liquidity are to invest in equipment and facilities that are necessary to support our growth and to make acquisitions that will contribute to the achievement of our strategic objectives. Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, we have been focused on preserving our liquidity; however, we intend to continue to pay quarterly dividends to our stockholders, invest in our business and make acquisitions as we consider necessary to achieve our strategic objectives. In the event that customer demand decreases significantly for a prolonged period of time due to the COVID-19 pandemic and adversely impacts our cash flows from operations, we would have the ability to restrict and significantly reduce capital expenditure levels as well as evaluate our acquisition strategy. A prolonged and significant reduction in capital expenditure levels could increase future repairs and maintenance costs as well as have a negative impact on operating margins if we were unable to invest in new innovative products.
Cash and equivalents and restricted cash decreased to $259.7 million at March 31, 2021 from $305.0 million at December 31, 2020. Total short and long-term interest bearing debt of $1.1 billion at March 31, 2021 was slightly lower than the $1.2 billion at December 31, 2020. The ratio of our Net Debt (interest bearing debt less cash and equivalents) to Net Capital (stockholders’ equity plus Net Debt) decreased to 30.9% at March 31, 2021 compared to 32.0% at December 31, 2020. See the reconciliation under "Non-U.S. GAAP Measures".
In the first three months of 2021, our operations provided approximately $72.2 million in net cash flow compared to $85.0 million for the same period a year ago. In both periods, cash flow from operations was primarily derived from earnings before depreciation and amortization. The decrease in cash provided by operations during the first three months of 2021 is primarily attributable to an increase in working capital requirements which offset higher net income.
We used $63.9 million in cash for investing activities during the first three months of 2021 compared to $88.1 million during the same period a year ago. Our investment in capital projects increased $2.3 million during the first three months of 2021 compared to the first three months of 2020. Our 2021 estimated cash outlays for capital expenditures are expected to be in the range of approximately $300 to $330 million but could vary due to changes in exchange rates as well as the timing of capital projects. Our decline in cash utilization is a result of no payments for business combinations or equity investments during the first three months of 2021, whereas during the first three months of 2020 we invested approximately $20.4 million in our BTY investment.
Financing activities used $45.0 million in cash during the first three months of 2021 compared to $174.3 million in cash provided by financing activities during the same period a year ago. During the first three months of 2021, we used cash on hand to repay net short term revolving debt of $52.0 million and paid $23.4 million of dividends. We received proceeds from stock option exercises of $31.9 million.
We hold U.S. dollar and euro-denominated debt to align our capital structure with our earnings base. We also maintain a multi-currency revolving credit facility with two tranches, providing for unsecured financing of up to $300 million that is available in the U.S. and up to €150 million that is available to our wholly-owned UK subsidiary. Each borrowing under the credit facility will bear interest at rates based on LIBOR, prime rates or other similar rates, in each case plus an applicable margin. A facility fee on the total amount of the facility is also payable quarterly, regardless of usage. The applicable margins for borrowings under the credit facility and the facility fee percentage may change from time to time depending on changes in our consolidated leverage ratio. No balance was utilized under our U.S. facility or our euro-based revolving credit facility as of March 31, 2021. The $52.0 million balance at December 31, 2020 under our U.S. credit facility was repaid during the first quarter of 2021. Credit facility balances are included in notes payable, including revolving credit facilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Our revolving credit facility and corporate long-term obligations require us to satisfy certain financial and other covenants including:
Requirement Level at March 31, 2021
Consolidated Leverage Ratio (1) Maximum of 3.50 to 1.00 1.55 to 1.00
Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio (1) Minimum of 3.00 to 1.00 17.69 to 1.00
__________________________________________________________
(1)Definitions of ratios are included as part of the revolving credit facility agreement and the private placement agreements.
Based upon the above consolidated leverage ratio covenant, we have the ability to borrow approximately an additional $1.1 billion before the 3.50 to 1.00 maximum ratio requirement is exceeded.
In addition, in October 2020, we entered into an unsecured money market borrowing arrangement to provide short term financing of up to $30 million that is available in the U.S. No balance was utilized under this arrangement as of March 31, 2021.
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Our foreign operations have historically met cash requirements with the use of internally generated cash or uncommitted short-term borrowings. We also have committed financing arrangements in both the U.S. and the UK as detailed above. We manage our global cash requirements considering (i) available funds among the many subsidiaries through which we conduct business, (ii) the geographic location of our liquidity needs, and (iii) the cost to access international cash balances.
We facilitate a supply chain finance program ("SCF") across Europe and the U.S. that is administered by a third-party platform. Eligible suppliers can elect to receive early payment of invoices, less an interest deduction, and negotiate their receivable sales arrangements through the third-party platform on behalf of the respective SCF bank. We are not a party to those agreements, and the terms of our payment obligations are not impacted by a supplier's participation in the SCF. Accordingly, we have concluded that this program continues to be a trade payable program and is not indicative of a borrowing arrangement.
All outstanding amounts related to suppliers participating in the SCF are recorded within Accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, and associated payments are included in operating activities within our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the amounts due to suppliers participating in the SCF and included in Accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities were approximately $26 million and $23 million, respectively.

Collection and payment periods tend to be longer for our operations located outside the United States due to local business practices. We have also seen an increasing trend in pressure from certain customers to lengthen their payment terms. As the majority of our products are made to order, we have not needed to keep significant amounts of finished goods inventory to meet customer requirements. However, some of our contracts specify an amount of finished goods safety stock we are required to maintain.

To the extent our financial position allows and there is a clear financial benefit, we from time-to-time benefit from early payment discounts with some suppliers. We are also lengthening the payment terms with our suppliers to be in line with customer trends. While we have offered third party alternatives for our suppliers to receive payments sooner, we generally do not utilize these offerings from our customers as the economic conditions currently are not beneficial for us.

On April 15, 2021, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.38 per share payable on May 19, 2021 to stockholders of record as of April 28, 2021.
CONTINGENCIES
The Company, in the normal course of business, is subject to a number of lawsuits and claims both actual and potential in nature. Please refer to Note 12 - Commitments and Contingencies of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of contingencies affecting our business.
OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
We do not have significant off-balance sheet arrangements.
RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
We have reviewed the recently issued accounting standards updates to the FASB’s Accounting Standards Codification that have future effective dates. Standards that have been adopted during 2021 are discussed in Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, which provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying U.S. GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. The amendments to this update apply only to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform. ASU 2020-04 was further amended in January 2021 by ASU 2021-01 which clarified the applicability of certain provisions. Both standards are effective upon issuance and can be adopted any time prior to December 31, 2022. The guidance in ASU 2020-04 and ASU 2021-01 is optional and may be elected over time as reference rate reform activities occur. As of March 31, 2021, we have not yet modified any contracts as a result of reference rate reform and are evaluating the impact this standard may have on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Other accounting standards that have been issued by the FASB or other standards-setting bodies that do not require adoption until a future date are not expected to have a material impact on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements upon adoption.
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OUTLOOK
Current underlying demand conditions in our markets are not expected to change dramatically from what we experienced in the first quarter. We anticipate that demand for our prescription drug and consumer health care devices will remain under pressure compared to the prior year as customers continue to reduce existing inventories. In certain other markets, we expect to have easier comparisons to the prior year second quarter which was the period most severely impacted by pandemic lockdowns. We also expect our results to be negatively impacted by timing of passing through higher resin and other raw material costs.
We expect earnings per share for the second quarter of 2021, excluding any restructuring expenses, acquisition-related costs and changes in the fair value of equity investments, to be in the range of $0.91 to $0.99 and this guidance is based on an effective tax rate range of 26% to 28%.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain statements in Management’s Discussion and Analysis and other sections of this Form 10-Q are forward-looking and involve a number of risks and uncertainties, including certain statements set forth in the Significant Developments, Restructuring Initiatives, Quarterly Trends, Liquidity and Capital Resources, Contingencies and Outlook sections of this Form 10-Q. Words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “future,” “potential”, "are optimistic" and other similar expressions or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “should,” “would” and “could” are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and are based on our beliefs as well as assumptions made by and information currently available to us. Accordingly, our actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied in such forward-looking statements due to known or unknown risks and uncertainties that exist in our operations and business environment including, but not limited to:
•pandemics, including the impact of COVID-19 on our global supply chain and our global customers and operations, which has elevated and may or will continue to elevate many of the risks and uncertainties discussed below;
•our ability to preserve organizational culture and maintain employee productivity in the work-from-home environment caused by the current pandemic;
•the availability of raw materials and components (particularly from sole sourced suppliers) as well as the financial viability of these suppliers;
•economic conditions worldwide, including potential deflationary or inflationary conditions in regions we rely on for growth;
•political conditions worldwide;
•significant fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates or our effective tax rate;
•the impact of tax reform legislation, changes in tax rates and other tax-related events or transactions that could impact our effective tax rate;
•financial conditions of customers and suppliers;
•consolidations within our customer or supplier bases;
•changes in customer and/or consumer spending levels;
•loss of one or more key accounts;
•fluctuations in the cost of materials, components, transportation cost as a result of on-going container shortages, and other input costs (particularly resin, metal, anodization costs, and energy costs);
•our ability to successfully implement facility expansions and new facility projects;
•our ability to offset inflationary impacts with cost containment, productivity initiatives or price increases;
•changes in capital availability or cost, including interest rate fluctuations;
•volatility of global credit markets;
•our ability to identify potential new acquisitions and to successfully acquire and integrate such operations and products, including the successful integration of the businesses we have acquired, including contingent consideration valuation;
•direct or indirect consequences of acts of war, terrorism or social unrest;
•cybersecurity threats that could impact our networks and reporting systems;
•the impact of natural disasters and other weather-related occurrences;
•fiscal and monetary policies and other regulations;
•changes or difficulties in complying with government regulation;
•changing regulations or market conditions regarding environmental sustainability;
•work stoppages due to labor disputes;
•competition, including technological advances;
•our ability to protect and defend our intellectual property rights, as well as litigation involving intellectual property rights;
•the outcome of any legal proceeding that has been or may be instituted against us and others;
•our ability to meet future cash flow estimates to support our goodwill impairment testing;
•the demand for existing and new products;
•the success of our customers’ products, particularly in the pharmaceutical industry;
•our ability to manage worldwide customer launches of complex technical products, particularly in developing markets;
•difficulties in product development and uncertainties related to the timing or outcome of product development;
•significant product liability claims;
•the execution of our business transformation plan; and
•other risks associated with our operations.
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Although we believe that our forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, there can be no assurance that actual results, performance or achievements will not differ materially from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. Please refer to Item 1A (Risk Factors) of Part I included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
A significant number of our operations are located outside of the United States. Because of this, movements in exchange rates may have a significant impact on the translation of the financial condition and results of operations of our subsidiaries. Our primary foreign exchange exposure is to the euro, but we also have foreign exchange exposure to the Chinese yuan, Brazilian real, Mexican peso, Swiss franc and other Asian, European, and South American currencies. A weakening U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies has an additive translation effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Conversely, a strengthening U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies has a dilutive translation effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Additionally, in some cases, we sell products denominated in a currency different from the currency in which the related costs are incurred. Any changes in exchange rates on such inter-country sales may impact our results of operations.
The table below provides information as of March 31, 2021 about our forward currency exchange contracts. The majority of the contracts expire before the end of the second quarter of 2021.
Buy/Sell Contract Amount
(in thousands) 		Average
Contractual
Exchange Rate 		Min / Max
Notional
Volumes
EUR / USD $ 17,784  1.2069  11,457 - 18,027
EUR / BRL 9,112  6.5198  9,112 - 9,652
CZK / EUR 5,450  0.0383  3,572 - 5,450
EUR / INR 3,880  89.8200  3,880 - 3,918
EUR / THB 4,143  36.5925  3,635 - 4,143
MXN / USD 1,300  0.0485  0 - 1,300
EUR / GBP 70  0.8707  70 - 990
CHF / EUR 3,220  0.9186  3,220 - 3,585
EUR / CNY 1,172  7.7831  0 - 1,172
EUR / MXN 645  24.7225  366 - 645
GBP / EUR 992  1.1355  992 - 1,876
USD / EUR 1,086  0.8316  1,086 - 5,696
USD / CNY 3,100  6.5175  0 - 3,100
Total $ 51,954 
As of March 31, 2021, we have recorded the fair value of foreign currency forward exchange contracts of $0.2 million in prepaid and other and $0.5 million in accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. We also entered into a EUR/USD floating-to-fixed cross currency swap on July 20, 2017 to effectively hedge the foreign exchange and interest rate exposure on the $280 million bank term loan drawn by our wholly-owned UK subsidiary. The fair value of this cash flow hedge is $3.0 million reported in accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Management has evaluated, with the participation of the chief executive officer and chief financial officer of the Company, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as that term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) as of March 31, 2021. Based on that evaluation, the chief executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded that these controls and procedures were effective as of such date.
CHANGES IN INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
No changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) occurred during our fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2021 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, we have implemented remote work arrangements and restricted non-essential business travel. These arrangements have not materially affected our ability to maintain our business operations, including the operation of financial reporting systems, internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures.
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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES
Certain French employees are eligible to participate in the FCP Aptar Savings Plan (the “Plan”). An independent agent purchases shares of common stock available under the Plan for cash on the open market and we do not issue shares. We do not receive any proceeds from the purchase of common stock under the Plan. The agent under the Plan is Banque Nationale de Paris Paribas Fund Services. No underwriters are used under the Plan. All shares are sold in reliance upon the exemption from registration under the Securities Act of 1933 provided by Regulation S promulgated under that Act. During the quarter ended March 31, 2021, the Plan purchased 15,003 shares of our common stock on behalf of the participants at an average price of $134.57, for an aggregate amount of $2.0 million. The Plan sold 4,378 shares of our common stock on behalf of the participants at an average price of $141.47, for an aggregate amount of $619 thousand during the same period. At March 31, 2021, the Plan owned 95,752 shares of our common stock.
ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
On April 18, 2019, we announced a share purchase authorization of up to $350 million of common stock. This authorization replaces previous authorizations and has no expiration date. We may repurchase shares through the open market, privately negotiated transactions or other programs, subject to market conditions.
During the three months ended March 31, 2021, we did not repurchase any shares. As of March 31, 2021, there was $278.5 million of authorized share repurchases available to us. Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, we have been focused on preserving our liquidity and therefore temporarily suspended our share repurchase plan in 2020. While we continue to assess the impact the pandemic is having on our business throughout 2021, we removed the aforementioned suspension during the first quarter of 2021 in order to preserve our flexibility to make repurchases from time to time depending on market conditions.

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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
Exhibit 10.1
Exhibit 31.1
Exhibit 31.2
Exhibit 32.1
Exhibit 32.2
Exhibit 101
The following information from our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the first quarter of fiscal 2021, filed with the SEC on April 30, 2021, formatted in Inline Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) the Cover Page, (ii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income – Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, (iii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income – Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, (iv) the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets – March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, (v) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity – Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, (vi) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 and (vii) the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Exhibit 104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document).

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SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
AptarGroup, Inc.
(Registrant)
By /s/ ROBERT W. KUHN
Robert W. Kuhn
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Duly Authorized Officer and
Principal Accounting and Financial Officer)
Date: April 30, 2021

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Exhibit 10.1
BHLOGO1.JPG
Marc Prieur
Via Bertaccio 6
6900 Lugano
Mezzovico, April 14th 2021



Addendum to the employment contract



Dear Mr Prieur,

we hereby confirm you that effective April 1st 2021, you are entitled to the following insurance policy:

Vita Plus, Insurance Number.74’257’000
–Supplementary 20% of insured annual salary in case of disability (max 180’000 CHF)
–Capital saving 2% of insured annual salary
–2 insured annual salaries in case of death (illness or accident)

The other conditions of your employment contract of December 1st 2019, currently in force, remain unchanged.



Best regards,


Aptar Mezzovico Sa


Marc Prieur
Shiela Vinczeller
Chief Human Resources Officer


Francesco D’Amelio Alessandra Ronzoni
Vice President Finance & Controlling, CHC Head of Human Resources


Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION
I, Stephan B. Tanda, certify that:
1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of AptarGroup, Inc.;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a--15(e) and 15d--15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a--15(f) and 15d--15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a)designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b)designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c)evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d)disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a)all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b)any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: April 30, 2021
By: /s/ STEPHAN B. TANDA
Stephan B. Tanda
President and Chief Executive Officer


Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION
I, Robert W. Kuhn, certify that:
1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of AptarGroup, Inc.;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a--15(e) and 15d--15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a--15(f) and 15d--15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a)designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b)designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c)evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d)disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a)all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b)any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: April 30, 2021
By:
/s/ ROBERT W. KUHN
Robert W. Kuhn
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer


Exhibit 32.1
Certificate Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
I, Stephan B. Tanda, president and chief executive officer of AptarGroup, Inc., certify that (i) the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of AptarGroup, Inc. for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 (the “Form 10-Q”) fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and (ii) the information contained in the Form 10-Q fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of AptarGroup, Inc.
By: /s/ STEPHAN B. TANDA
Stephan B. Tanda
President and Chief Executive Officer
April 30, 2021



Exhibit 32.2
Certificate Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
I, Robert W. Kuhn, executive vice president and chief financial officer of AptarGroup, Inc., certify that (i) the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of AptarGroup, Inc. for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 (the “Form 10-Q”) fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and (ii) the information contained in the Form 10-Q fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of AptarGroup, Inc.
By: /s/ ROBERT W. KUHN
Robert W. Kuhn
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
April 30, 2021