Amended and Restated Agreement and Plan of Merger

Dated as of January 23, 2001

among

Northrop Grumman Corporation,

Litton Industries, Inc.,

NNG, Inc.

and

LII Acquisition Corp.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                                                                            Page
                                                                                            ----
ARTICLE 1  THE OFFER......................................................................    2

     SECTION 1.1.  The Offer..............................................................    2
     SECTION 1.2.  Company Action.........................................................    6
     SECTION 1.3.  Boards of Directors and Committees; Section 14(f)......................    8

ARTICLE 2  THE MERGERS....................................................................    9

     SECTION 2.1.  The Mergers............................................................    9
     SECTION 2.2.  Effective Time.........................................................    9
     SECTION 2.3.  Closing of the Litton Merger...........................................    9
     SECTION 2.4.  Effects of the Mergers.................................................    9
     SECTION 2.5.  Certificates of Incorporation and Bylaws...............................    9
     SECTION 2.6.  Directors..............................................................   10
     SECTION 2.7.  Officers...............................................................   10
     SECTION 2.8.  Conversion of Shares in the Litton Merger..............................   11
     SECTION 2.9.  Payment of Merger Consideration in the Litton Merger...................   11
     SECTION 2.10. Stock Options in the Litton Merger.....................................   13
     SECTION 2.11. Dissenting Shares in the Litton Merger.................................   14
     SECTION 2.12. Conversion of Shares and Other Matters in the Northrop Merger..........   14

ARTICLE 3 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY...................................   15

     SECTION 3.1.  Organization and Qualification; Subsidiaries...........................   15
     SECTION 3.2.  Capitalization of the Company and its Subsidiaries.....................   15
     SECTION 3.3.  Authority Relative to this Agreement; Recommendation...................   17
     SECTION 3.4.  SEC Reports; Financial Statements......................................   17
     SECTION 3.5.  Information Supplied...................................................   18
     SECTION 3.6.  Consents and Approvals; No Violations..................................   18

     SECTION 3.7.   No Default...................................................................   19
     SECTION 3.8.   Absence of Changes...........................................................   19
     SECTION 3.9.   Litigation...................................................................   19
     SECTION 3.10.  Compliance with Applicable Law...............................................   19
     SECTION 3.11.  Employee Benefit Plans; Labor Matters........................................   20
     SECTION 3.12.  Environmental Laws and Regulations...........................................   21
     SECTION 3.13.  Taxes........................................................................   21
     SECTION 3.14.  Intellectual Property; Software..............................................   23
     SECTION 3.15.  Government Contracts.........................................................   23
     SECTION 3.16.  Certain Business Practices...................................................   24
     SECTION 3.17.  Vote Required................................................................   24
     SECTION 3.18.  Opinion of Financial Adviser.................................................   24
     SECTION 3.19.  Brokers......................................................................   24
     SECTION 3.20.  Problems with Customers......................................................   24

ARTICLE 4 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT, HOLDCO AND ACQUISITION I.....................   25

     SECTION 4.1.   Organization.................................................................   25
     SECTION 4.2.   Capitalization of Parent and its Subsidiaries................................   25
     SECTION 4.3.   Authority Relative to this Agreement and the Northrop Merger Agreement.......   26
     SECTION 4.4.   SEC Reports; Financial Statements............................................   27
     SECTION 4.5.   Information Supplied.........................................................   27
     SECTION 4.6.   Consents and Approvals; No Violations........................................   28
     SECTION 4.7.   No Default...................................................................   28
     SECTION 4.8.   Absence of Changes...........................................................   28
     SECTION 4.9.   Litigation...................................................................   28

     SECTION 4.10.  Compliance with Applicable Law...............................................   29
     SECTION 4.11.  Employee Benefit Plans; Labor Matters........................................   29
     SECTION 4.12.  Environmental Laws and Regulations...........................................   29
     SECTION 4.13.  Tax Matters..................................................................   30
     SECTION 4.14.  Brokers......................................................................   30
     SECTION 4.15.  Adequate Funds...............................................................   30
     SECTION 4.16.  No Prior Activities..........................................................   30
     SECTION 4.17.  No Vote Required.............................................................   30
     SECTION 4.18.  Intellectual Property; Software..............................................   30
     SECTION 4.19.  Government Contracts.........................................................   31
     SECTION 4.20.  Certain Business Practices...................................................   31
     SECTION 4.21.  Problems with Customers......................................................   31

ARTICLE 5 COVENANTS..............................................................................   32

     SECTION 5.1.   Conduct of Business of the Company...........................................   32
     SECTION 5.2.   Conduct of Business of Parent................................................   34
     SECTION 5.3.   Other Potential Acquirers....................................................   35
     SECTION 5.4.   Meeting of Stockholders......................................................   37
     SECTION 5.5.   Access to Information........................................................   37
     SECTION 5.6.   Additional Agreements; Reasonable Efforts....................................   38
     SECTION 5.7.   Indemnification..............................................................   40
     SECTION 5.8.   Public Announcements.........................................................   41
     SECTION 5.9.   Employee Matters.............................................................   41
     SECTION 5.10.  NYSE Listing.................................................................   43
     SECTION 5.11.  Corporate Filings............................................................   43
     SECTION 5.12.  Stockholder Approval of Conversion Shares....................................   43

ARTICLE 6 CONDITIONS TO CONSUMMATION OF THE LITTON MERGER...................................    43

     SECTION 6.1.  Conditions to Each Party's Obligations to Effect the Litton Merger.......    43

ARTICLE 7 TERMINATION; AMENDMENT; WAIVER....................................................    44

     SECTION 7.1.  Termination..............................................................    44
     SECTION 7.2.  Effect of Termination....................................................    45
     SECTION 7.3.  Fees and Expenses........................................................    45
     SECTION 7.4.  Amendment................................................................    46
     SECTION 7.5.  Extension; Waiver........................................................    46

ARTICLE 8 MISCELLANEOUS.....................................................................    46

     SECTION 8.1.  Nonsurvival of Representations and Warranties............................    46
     SECTION 8.2.  Entire Agreement; Assignment.............................................    46
     SECTION 8.3.  Validity.................................................................    46
     SECTION 8.4.  Notices..................................................................    46
     SECTION 8.5.  Governing Law............................................................    47
     SECTION 8.6.  Descriptive Headings.....................................................    47
     SECTION 8.7.  Parties in Interest......................................................    47
     SECTION 8.8.  Certain Definitions......................................................    47
     SECTION 8.9.  Personal Liability.......................................................    48
     SECTION 8.10. Counterparts.............................................................    49

ANNEX A CONDITIONS OF THE OFFER..................................................    A-1

EXHIBIT A   NORTHROP MERGER AGREEMENT

EXHIBIT B   AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION OF HOLDCO

EXHIBIT C   CERTIFICATE OF DESIGNATIONS OF RIGHTS, PREFERENCES AND PRIVILEGES OF
            HOLDCO PREFERRED STOCK

EXHIBIT D   STOCKHOLDER'S AGREEMENT

                                    Cross Reference
Term                                    Section                                 Page
----                                ---------------                             ----
A Option...............................  Section 2.10(a)......................   13
Acquisition I..........................  Preamble.............................    1
Acquisition II.........................  Recitals.............................    2
affiliate..............................  Section 8.8(a).......................   47
Agreement..............................  Preamble.............................    1
Antitrust Laws.........................  Section 5.6(b).......................   38
Average Parent Price...................  Recitals.............................    1
B Option...............................  Section 2.10(b)......................   13
Bid....................................  Section 3.15(b)......................   24
business day...........................  Section 8.8(b).......................   48
capital stock..........................  Section 8.8(c).......................   48
Cash Consideration.....................  Recitals.............................    1
Cash Election..........................  Section 1.1(b).......................    3
Certificates...........................  Section 2.9(b).......................   11
Closing Date...........................  Section 2.3..........................    9
Closing................................  Section 2.3..........................    9
Code...................................  Recitals.............................    2
Common Stock Consideration.............  Recitals.............................    1
Common Stock Election..................  Section 1.1(b).......................    3
Common Stock Proration Factor..........  Section 1.1(e).......................    4
Company Board..........................  Recitals.............................    1
Company Disclosure Schedule............  Article 3 - Preamble.................   15
Company Employees......................  Section 5.9(b).......................   41
Company Financial Adviser..............  Section 3.18.........................   24
Company Intellectual Property Rights...  Section 3.14(a)......................   23
Company Material Adverse Effect........  Section 3.1(b).......................   15
Company Permits........................  Section 3.10.........................   19
Company Plans..........................  Section 2.10(a)......................   13
Company................................  Preamble.............................    1
Company SEC Reports....................  Section 3.4(a).......................   17
Company Securities.....................  Section 3.2(a).......................   16
Company Stock Option(s)................  Section 2.10(a)......................   13
Contracts..............................  Section 3.15(b)......................   24
DGCL...................................  Recitals.............................    2
Dissenting Shares......................  Section 2.11.........................   14
Effective Time.........................  Section 2.2..........................    9
Election...............................  Section 1.1(b).......................    3
Employee Plans.........................  Section 3.11(a)......................   20
Employment Agreements..................  Section 3.11(b)......................   20
Environmental Claim....................  Section 3.12(a)......................   21

Environmental Laws.....................  Section 3.12(a)......................   21
ERISA..................................  Section 3.11(a)......................   20
Exchange Act...........................  Section 1.1(h).......................    5
Expiration Date........................  Section 1.1(i).......................    6
Financial Adviser......................  Section 1.2(a).......................    7
Form of Election.......................  Section 1.1(b).......................    3
Government Contract....................  Section 3.15(b)......................   23
Governmental Antitrust Authority.......  Section 5.6(a).......................   38
Governmental Entity....................  Section 3.6..........................   18
Holdco Common Stock....................  Recitals.............................    1
Holdco.................................  Preamble.............................    1
Holdco Preferred Stock.................  Recitals.............................    1
HSR Act................................  Section 3.6..........................   18
incentive stock options................  Section 2.10(b)......................   13
Income Tax.............................  Section 3.13(a)(i)...................   21
Indemnified Liabilities................  Section 5.7(a).......................   40
Indemnified Persons....................  Section 5.7(a).......................   40
knowledge..............................  Section 8.8(d).......................   48
known..................................  Section 8.8(d).......................   48
Lien...................................  Section 3.2(b).......................   16
Litton Merger..........................  Recitals.............................    2
Litton Surviving Corporation...........  Section 2.1..........................    9
Maximum Common Stock Consideration.....  Section 1.1(e).......................    5
Maximum Preferred Stock Consideration..  Section 1.1(d).......................    4
Merger Consideration...................  Section 2.8(c).......................   11
Merger Fund............................  Section 2.9(a).......................   11
Mergers................................  Recitals.............................    2
Minimum Condition......................  Section 1.1(a).......................    3
New Plans..............................  Section 5.9(c).......................   41
New Share Number.......................  Section 2.10(b)......................   13
Northrop Effective Time................  Section 2.2..........................    9
Northrop Merger Agreement..............  Recitals.............................    2
Northrop Merger........................  Recitals.............................    2
Northrop Surviving Corporation.........  Section 2.1..........................    9
Notice of Superior Proposal............  Section 5.3(b).......................   36
Offer Documents........................  Section 1.1(h).......................    6
Offer..................................  Recitals.............................    1
Old Plans..............................  Section 5.9(c).......................   41
Original Agreement.....................  Preamble.............................    1
Original Offer.........................  Recitals.............................    1
Parent Benefit Plans...................  Section 4.11.........................   29
Parent Disclosure Schedule.............  Article 4 - Preamble.................   25
Parent Environmental Claim.............  Section 4.12(a)......................   29
Parent Intellectual Property Rights....  Section 4.18(a)......................   30
Parent Material Adverse Effect.........  Section 4.1(b).......................   25

Parent Permits.........................  Section 4.10.........................   29
Parent.................................  Preamble.............................    1
Parent Rights..........................  Section 4.2(a).......................   25
Parent SEC Reports.....................  Section 4.4(a).......................   27
Parent Securities......................  Section 4.2(a).......................   27
Payment Agent..........................  Section 2.9(a).......................   11
Per Preferred Share Amount.............  Recitals.............................    1
Per Share Amount.......................  Recitals.............................    1
person.................................  Section 8.8(e).......................   48
Preferred Shares.......................  Recitals.............................    1
Preferred Stock Consideration..........  Recitals.............................    1
Preferred Stock Election...............  Section 1.1(b).......................    3
Preferred Stock Proration Factor.......  Section 1.1(d).......................    4
Preliminary Prospectus.................  Section 1.1(h).......................    5
Proxy Statement........................  Section 3.5..........................   18
Restricted Stock.......................  Section 2.10(a)......................   13
Rights Plan............................  Section 3.2(a).......................   15
Rights.................................  Section 3.2(a).......................   15
S-4....................................  Section 1.1(h).......................    5
Schedule 14D-9.........................  Section 1.2(b).......................    7
SEC....................................  Section 1.1(h).......................    5
Securities Act.........................  Section 1.1(h).......................    5
Shares.................................  Recitals.............................    1
Stock Elections........................  Section 1.1(b).......................    3
Stockholder's Agreement................  Section 1.2(a).......................    7
Stockholders' Meeting..................  Section 5.4..........................   37
subsidiary or subsidiaries.............  Section 8.8(f).......................   48
Superior Proposal......................  Section 5.3(b).......................   36
Tax or Taxes...........................  Section 3.13(a)(ii)..................   21
Tax Return.............................  Section 3.13(a)(iii).................   22
Third Party............................  Section 5.3(b).......................   36
Third Party Acquisition................  Section 5.3(b).......................   36

AMENDED AND RESTATED AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER

THIS AMENDED AND RESTATED AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER (this "Agreement") dated as of January 23, 2001 is among LITTON INDUSTRIES, INC., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORPORATION, a Delaware corporation ("Parent"), NNG, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Parent ("Holdco") and LII ACQUISITION CORP., a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Holdco ("Acquisition I"), and amends and restates in its entirety that certain Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of December 21, 2000, among the Company, Parent and Acquisition I (the "Original Agreement").

WHEREAS, the board of directors of the Company (the "Company Board") has, in light of and subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, (i) approved this Agreement, and deem it and the Offer (as defined below) advisable, and fair to and in the best interests of the common stockholders of the Company and (ii) resolved to recommend acceptance of the Offer to the common stockholders of the Company and approval and adoption by the stockholders of the Company of this Agreement; and

WHEREAS, in furtherance thereof, on January 5, 2001, Acquisition I commenced a tender offer to acquire all of the outstanding shares of common stock, par value $1.00 per share, of the Company (the "Shares"), together with the associated Rights (as hereafter defined), at a price of $80.00 per Share (such amount, or any greater amount per share paid pursuant to the Offer, being hereinafter referred to as the "Per Share Amount"), net to the seller in cash, and to acquire all of the outstanding shares of Series B $2 Cumulative Preferred Stock, par value $5.00 per share (the "Preferred Shares"), at a price of $35.00 per Preferred Share (such amount, or any greater amount per share paid pursuant to the Offer, being referred to as the "Per Preferred Share Amount"), net to the seller in cash, in accordance with the terms and subject to the conditions provided herein (this offer being referred to herein as the "Original Offer");

WHEREAS, the parties hereto have agreed pursuant to this Agreement that the Original Offer will be amended with respect to the Shares (and remain unchanged with respect to the Preferred Shares) to become an exchange offer by Holdco (the Original Offer as so amended, the "Offer") in which each Share together with the associated Right accepted by Holdco in accordance with the terms of the Offer will be exchanged for the right to receive from Holdco, at the election of the holder of such Share: (X) the Per Share Amount, net to the Seller in cash (the "Cash Consideration") or (Y) a number of shares of the common stock, par value $1.00 per share, of Holdco (the "Holdco Common Stock") equal to the Per Share Amount plus $.25 divided by the Average Parent Price (the "Common Stock Consideration") plus cash in lieu of fractional shares of Holdco Common Stock in accordance with Section 1.1(g) or (Z) a number of shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $1.00 per share, of Holdco (the "Holdco Preferred Stock") equal to the quotient of the Per Share Amount divided by the initial liquidation preference per share of the Holdco Preferred Stock (the "Preferred Stock Consideration") plus cash in lieu of fractional shares of Holdco Preferred Stock in accordance with Section 1.1(g), subject to proration in the case of alternatives (Y) and (Z) as set forth in Sections 1.1(d) and
1.1(e). The term "Average Parent Price" shall mean the average of the closing prices for Parent Common Stock as reported on the New York Stock Exchange

Composite Transaction Reporting System for the five consecutive trading days ending on the second trading day before the final Expiration Date.

WHEREAS, the Company has agreed pursuant to this Agreement that following the purchase of Shares in the Offer Acquisition I will be merged with and into the Company with the Company as the surviving corporation, as described in Article 2 of this Agreement (the "Litton Merger"), and Parent has agreed that immediately prior to the purchase of Shares and Preferred Shares in the Offer, NGC Acquisition Corp., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of Holdco ("Acquisition II"), will be merged with and into Parent with Parent as the surviving corporation pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger attached as Exhibit A to this Agreement (the "Northrop Merger Agreement") and in accordance with Section 251(g) of the Delaware General Corporation Law ("DGCL") (the "Northrop Merger" and together with the Litton Merger, the "Mergers");

WHEREAS, concurrently with the consummation of the Northrop Merger, Holdco will be renamed "Northrop Grumman Corporation" and will become the parent corporation of Parent, as further described in Article 2 of this Agreement and in the Northrop Merger Agreement; and

WHEREAS, it is intended for federal income tax purposes that (i) the Northrop Merger qualify as a reorganization described in Section 368(a) of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), or, taken together with the Offer and the Litton Merger, qualify as an exchange described in Section 351 of the Code and (ii) the Offer, taken together with the Northrop Merger and the Litton Merger, qualify as an exchange described in Section 351 of the Code.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements herein contained and intending to be legally bound hereby, the Company, Parent, Holdco and Acquisition I hereby agree as follows:

ARTICLE 1

THE OFFER

(a) Provided that this Agreement shall not have been terminated in accordance with Article 7 and none of the events or conditions set forth in Annex A shall have occurred and be existing, Parent shall cause Acquisition I and Holdco to amend the Original Offer not later than February 1, 2001 as required to reflect the revised terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, including Holdco as the Offeror. In the Offer, each Share together with the associated Right accepted by Holdco in accordance with the terms of the Offer shall be exchanged for the right to receive from Holdco, at the election of the holder of such Share: (X) the Cash Consideration or (Y) the Common Stock Consideration plus cash in lieu of fractional shares of Holdco Common Stock in accordance with Section 1.1(g), without interest, or (Z) the Preferred Stock Consideration plus cash in lieu of fractional shares of Holdco

Preferred Stock in accordance with Section 1.1(g), without interest, subject to proration in the case of alternatives (Y) and (Z) as set forth in Sections 1.1(d) and (e). In the Offer, each Preferred Share accepted by Holdco in accordance with the terms of the Offer shall be exchanged for the right to receive the Per Preferred Share Amount. Parent and Holdco shall use all reasonable efforts to consummate the Offer. Parent shall cause Holdco to accept for payment, and Holdco shall accept for payment, Shares and Preferred Shares which have been validly tendered and not withdrawn pursuant to the Offer at the earliest time following expiration of the offering period in the Offer at which all conditions to the Offer shall have been satisfied or waived by Holdco. The obligation of Holdco to accept for payment, and pay for Shares and/or Preferred Shares tendered pursuant to the Offer shall be subject only to the condition that the sum of the number of Shares validly tendered plus the number of Preferred Shares validly tendered shall be at least 25,646,399 shares (the "Minimum Condition") and the other conditions set forth in Annex A hereto. Holdco expressly reserves the right to increase the Per Share Amount or the Per Preferred Share Amount and to waive any condition of the Offer, except the Minimum Condition. Without the prior written consent of the Company, Holdco shall not decrease the Per Share Amount or the Per Preferred Share Amount or change the form of consideration payable in the Offer, decrease the number of Shares or Preferred Shares sought to be purchased in the Offer, impose additional conditions to the Offer, amend any other term of the Offer in any manner adverse to the holders of Shares or Preferred Shares, reduce the time period during which the Offer shall remain open or waive the Minimum Condition. The Cash Consideration and the Per Preferred Share Amount shall be paid net to the seller in cash, less any required withholding of taxes, upon the terms and subject to the conditions of the Offer. The Company agrees that no Shares or Preferred Shares held by the Company or any of its subsidiaries will be tendered in the Offer.

(b) Subject to Sections 1.1(d), (e) and (f), each holder of Shares shall be entitled to elect to specify (i) the number of Shares which such holder desires to have exchanged for the right to receive the Cash Consideration (a "Cash Election"), (ii) the number of Shares which such holder desires to have exchanged for the right to receive Holdco Common Stock (a "Common Stock Election"); and (iii) the number of Shares which such holder desires to have exchanged for Holdco Preferred Stock (a "Preferred Stock Election" and together with a Common Stock Election, the "Stock Elections"). Any Shares which are not the subject of a valid Common Stock Election or valid Preferred Stock Election shall be exchanged for the right to receive the Cash Consideration. Any Cash Election, Common Stock Election or Preferred Stock Election shall be referred to herein as an "Election." Each holder of Shares making a Preferred Stock Election shall also specify an Alternative A, Alternative B or Alternative C election, which election will become effective in the event that proration of the Preferred Stock Consideration is required as provided in Section 1.1(d). Each holder of Shares making a Common Stock Election shall also specify an Alternative A or Alternative B election which election will become effective in the event that proration of the Common Stock Consideration is required as provided in Section 1.1(e) and any holder making a Common Stock Election that does not specify an alternative election shall be deemed to have elected Alternative B. All Elections shall be made on a form furnished by Parent for that purpose (a "Form of Election"), which form may be part of the letter of transmittal accompanying the Offer, and reasonably satisfactory to the Company. Holders of

record of Shares who hold such Shares as nominees, trustees or in other representative capacities may submit multiple Forms of Election on behalf of their respective beneficial holders.

(c) There shall be no proration of Cash Elections.

(d) In the event the total number of Preferred Stock Elections would require aggregate Preferred Stock Consideration in excess of the Maximum Preferred Stock Consideration, such Preferred Stock Elections shall be subject to proration as follows: For each Preferred Stock Election, the number of Shares that shall receive the Preferred Stock Consideration shall be the total number of Shares subject to such Preferred Stock Election multiplied by the Preferred Stock Proration Factor. The "Preferred Stock Proration Factor" means a fraction (x) the numerator of which shall be the Maximum Preferred Stock Consideration and (y) the denominator of which shall be the product of the aggregate number of Shares subject to all Preferred Stock Elections made by all holders of Shares multiplied by the Preferred Stock Consideration. The maximum aggregate amount of the Preferred Stock Consideration shall be 3,500,000 shares of Holdco Preferred Stock (the "Maximum Preferred Stock Consideration"). All Shares subject to a Preferred Stock Election and an Alternative A or Alternative B election, other than that number converted into the right to receive the Preferred Stock Consideration in accordance with this Section 1.1(d), shall be deemed to be Common Stock Elections (expressing the same Alternative A or Alternative B election) and converted into the right to receive the Common Stock Consideration, subject to proration as provided in Section 1.1(e). All shares subject to a Preferred Stock Election and an Alternative C election, other than that number converted into the right to receive the Preferred Stock Consideration in accordance with this Section 1.1(d), shall be deemed to be Cash Elections and converted into the right to receive the Cash Consideration.

(e) In the event the total number of Common Stock Elections (including any deemed Common Stock Elections as provided for in Section 1.1(d)) would require aggregate Common Stock Consideration in excess of the Maximum Common Stock Consideration, such Common Stock Elections shall be subject to proration as follows: (i) First, the Common Stock Elections made by the holders of Shares making an Alternative A election for proration on their Form of Election for the Common Stock Election shall be reduced by the lesser of (A) the number of Shares subject thereto, and (B) the number of Common Stock Elections required to eliminate such excess treating all Alternative A elections on a pro rata basis based on the number of Shares subject thereto. (ii) Second, if the number of Common Stock Elections is still in excess of the Maximum Common Stock Consideration, then for each Common Stock Election made by the holder of Shares making an Alternative B election for proration on their Form of Election for the Common Stock Election, the number of Shares that shall be converted into the right to receive the Common Stock Consideration shall be the total number of Shares subject to such Common Stock Election multiplied by the Common Stock Proration Factor. The "Common Stock Proration Factor" means a fraction (x) the numerator of which shall be the Maximum Common Stock Consideration and (y) the denominator of which shall be the product of the aggregate number of Shares subject to all Common Stock Elections which are Alternative B elections multiplied by the Common Stock Consideration. (iii) All Shares subject to Common Stock Elections, after the reduction required by clause (i) above, if applicable, and subject to proration in accordance with clause (ii) above, if applicable, shall be converted into the right to receive the

(f) In the event that the average of the closing prices for Parent Common Stock as reported on the New York Stock Exchange Composite Transaction Reporting System for any five consecutive trading days ending not later than two trading days prior to the Expiration Date (without giving effect to any extension resulting from the exercise of the option described in this Section 1.1(f)) is less than $75.00, Holdco shall have the option, which may be exercised only one time and must be exercised within two business days after any such five trading day period, to reduce the Maximum Common Stock Consideration by any number of shares of Holdco Common Stock. If Holdco exercises such option: (i) such exercise shall be irrevocable; (ii) Holdco shall publicly announce within one business day following such exercise the new Maximum Common Stock Consideration; and (iii) if such reduction in the Holdco Common Stock in the Offer would, pursuant to the applicable rules and regulations under the Exchange Act, require an extension of the Expiration Date, (x) Holdco shall extend the Expiration Date for the minimum required period and publicly announce within one business day the new Expiration Date and (y) Holdco agrees to waive, and shall be deemed to have waived, from and after the Expiration Date prior to the extension thereof the conditions specified in the initial paragraph of Annex A hereof under clauses (v)(b), (c), (d) (with respect to a termination by Parent or Acquisition I pursuant to Section 7.1(d)(i)) and (e)(i).

(g) No fractional share of Holdco Common Stock or Holdco Preferred Stock shall be issued, and each person that would otherwise be entitled to receive a fractional share shall receive, in lieu thereof, without interest, cash in the amount of such fraction multiplied by the Average Parent Price (in the case of Holdco Common Stock) or $100.00 (in the case of Holdco Preferred Stock).

(h) Not later than February 1, 2001, Holdco (or Parent on behalf of Holdco which shall become the successor registrant to Parent under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act") upon consummation of the Northrop Merger) shall prepare and file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") a registration statement on Form S-4 to register under the Securities Act the offer and sale of Holdco Common Stock and the Holdco Preferred Stock pursuant to the Offer (the "S-4"). The S-4 will include a preliminary prospectus containing the information required under Rule 14d-4(b) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") (the "Preliminary Prospectus"). Concurrently with the filing of the S-4, Acquisition I shall file with the SEC an amendment to its previously filed Tender Offer Statement on Schedule TO with respect to the Original Offer, which shall include or incorporate by reference all or part of the Preliminary Prospectus and

form of transmittal letter reflecting the Offer and describing the Mergers (together with any supplements or amendments thereto, collectively the "Offer Documents"). Promptly thereafter, Parent and Holdco shall cause the Offer Documents to be disseminated to holders of Shares and Preferred Shares. The Offer Documents will comply in all material respects with the provisions of applicable federal securities laws. The information provided and to be provided by the Company, Parent, Holdco and Acquisition I for use in the S-4 or the Offer Documents shall not, on the date filed with the SEC and on the date first published or sent or given to the Company's stockholders, as the case may be, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. Parent, Holdco, Acquisition I and the Company each agrees promptly to correct any information provided by it for use in the S-4 or the Offer Documents if and to the extent that it shall have become false or misleading in any material respect and Holdco further agrees to take all steps necessary to cause the Offer Documents as so corrected to be filed with the SEC and to be disseminated to holders of Shares and Preferred Shares, in each case as and to the extent required by applicable federal securities laws.

(a) The Company hereby approves of and consents to the Offer and represents and warrants that the Company Board, at a meeting duly called and held, has, subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, (i) approved this Agreement, and deems it and the Offer advisable, and fair to and in the best interests of the common stockholders of the Company, (ii) approved this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Stockholder's Agreements, dated as of the date hereof, among Parent, Holdco, Acquisition I,

Unitrin, Inc. (the "Stockholder's Agreement"), the Offer and the Litton Merger, in all respects and such approval constitutes approval of the Stockholder's Agreement in the form attached hereto as Exhibit D, the Offer, this Agreement and the Litton Merger for purposes of Section 203 of the DGCL and (iii) resolved to recommend that the common stockholders of the Company accept the Offer, tender their Shares thereunder to Holdco and that the stockholders of the Company approve and adopt this Agreement and the Litton Merger; provided, that such recommendation may be withdrawn, modified or amended if permitted by Sections 5.3 and 5.4. The Company consents to the inclusion of such recommendation and approval in the Offer Documents. The Company further represents that Merrill Lynch & Co. (the "Financial Adviser") has delivered to the Company Board its written opinion that the consideration to be received by the common stockholders of the Company pursuant to the Offer and the Litton Merger is fair to such stockholders from a financial point of view.

(b) The Company hereby agrees to file with the SEC as soon as practicable after the filing by Parent and Acquisition I of the amendment to their Offer Documents pursuant to Section 1.1(h), an amendment to its Solicitation/Recommendation Statement on Schedule 14D-9 pertaining to the Offer
(together with any amendments or supplements thereto, the "Schedule 14D-9") containing the recommendation described in Section 1.2(a). The Schedule 14D-9 will comply in all material respects with the provisions of applicable federal securities laws and, on the date filed with the SEC and on the date first published, sent or given to the Company's stockholders, shall not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, except that no representation is made by the Company with respect to information supplied by Parent, Holdco, or Acquisition I in writing for inclusion in the Schedule 14D-9. The Company, Parent, Holdco, and Acquisition I each agrees promptly to correct any information provided by it for use in the Schedule 14D-9 if and to the extent that it shall have become false or misleading in any material respect and the Company further agrees to take all steps necessary to cause the Schedule 14D-9 as so corrected to be filed with the SEC and disseminated to the holders of Shares and Preferred Shares, in each case as and to the extent required by applicable federal securities laws.

(c) In connection with the Offer, the Company will promptly furnish Parent, Holdco, and Acquisition I with mailing labels, security position listings and any available listing or computer files containing the names and addresses of the record holders of the Shares and Preferred Shares as of a recent date and shall furnish Acquisition I with such additional information and assistance (including, without limitation, updated lists of stockholders, mailing labels and lists of securities positions) as Acquisition I or its agents may reasonably request in communicating the Offer to the record and beneficial holders of Shares and Preferred Shares. Except for such steps as are necessary to disseminate the Offer Documents and any other documents necessary to consummate the Mergers, Parent, Acquisition I and their affiliates, associates, agents and advisors shall use the information contained in any such labels, listings and files only in connection with the Offer and the Mergers, and, if this Agreement shall be terminated, will deliver to the Company all copies of such information then in their possession.

(a) Promptly upon the purchase by Holdco of Shares pursuant to the Offer and from time to time thereafter, and subject to the last sentence of this
Section 1.3(a), Holdco shall be entitled to designate up to such number of directors, rounded to the nearest whole number constituting at least a majority of the directors, on the Company Board as will give Holdco representation on the Company Board equal to the product of the number of directors on the Company Board (giving effect to any increase in the number of directors pursuant to this
Section 1.3) and the percentage that such number of Shares so purchased bears to the total number of outstanding Shares, and the Company shall use all reasonable efforts to, upon request by Holdco, promptly, at the Company's election, either increase the size of the Company Board or secure the resignation of such number of directors as is necessary to enable Holdco's designees to be elected to the Company Board and to cause Holdco's designees to be so elected. At such times, the Company will use its best efforts to cause persons designated by Holdco to constitute a majority of each committee of the Company Board, other than any committee of the Company Board established to take action under this Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall use all reasonable efforts to ensure that three of the members of the Company Board as of the date hereof shall remain members of the Company Board until the Effective Time (as defined in Section 2.2 hereof). If the number of directors who are members of the Company Board as of the date hereof is reduced below three prior to the Effective Time, the remaining directors who are members of the Company Board as of the date hereof (or if there is only one such director, that remaining director) shall be entitled to designate a person (or persons) to fill such vacancy (or vacancies).

(b) The Company's obligation to appoint designees to the Company Board shall be subject to Section 14(f) of the Exchange Act and Rule 14f-1 promulgated thereunder. The Company shall promptly take all action required pursuant to such Section and Rule in order to fulfill its obligations under this Section 1.3 and shall include in the Schedule 14D-9 such information with respect to the Company and its officers and directors as is required under such Section and Rule in order to fulfill its obligations under this Section 1.3. Acquisition I will supply to the Company in writing and be solely responsible for any information with respect to itself and its nominees, officers, directors and affiliates required by such Section and Rule.

(c) Following the election or appointment of Holdco's designees pursuant to this Section 1.3 and prior to the Effective Time, if there shall be any directors of the Company who were directors as of the date hereof, any amendment of this Agreement, any termination of this Agreement by the Company, any extension by the Company of the time for the performance of any of the obligations or other acts of Parent, Holdco or Acquisition I or waiver of any of the Company's rights hereunder or other action adversely affecting the rights of stockholders of the Company (other than Parent, Holdco or Acquisition I), will require the concurrence of a majority of such directors.

ARTICLE 2

THE MERGERS

Corporation shall be authorized to issue 3,000,000 shares of Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share, 600,000 shares of Preferred Stock, par value $5.00 per share and 1,000 shares of Preference Stock, par value $2.50 per share." The Bylaws of the Company in effect at the Effective Time shall be the Bylaws of the Litton Surviving Corporation until amended in accordance with applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation of the Litton Surviving Corporation and such Bylaws.

(b) In accordance with the Northrop Merger Agreement and Section 251(g) of the DGCL, the Certificate of Incorporation of the Northrop Surviving Corporation immediately following the Northrop Effective Time shall be substantially identical to the Certificate of Incorporation of Parent immediately prior to the Northrop Effective Time, except that the name of the Northrop Surviving Corporation shall be changed to "Northrop Grumman Operating Corporation," and a provision shall be added to the Certificate of Incorporation of the Northrop Surviving Corporation requiring that any act or transaction by or involving the Northrop Surviving Corporation that requires the approval of the stockholders of the Northrop Surviving Corporation for its adoption shall, by specific reference to Section 251(g), also require the approval of the stockholders of Holdco (or any successor by merger), by the same vote as is required with respect to the stockholders of the Northrop Surviving Corporation. The Bylaws of Parent in effect at the Northrop Effective Time shall be the Bylaws of the Northrop Surviving Corporation until amended in accordance with applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation of the Northrop Surviving Corporation and such Bylaws.

(c) In accordance with the Northrop Merger Agreement and Section 251(g) of the DGCL, the Certificate of Incorporation and the Bylaws of Holdco immediately following the Northrop Effective Time will contain provisions identical to those in the Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws of Parent immediately prior to the Northrop Effective Time, except as otherwise permitted by Section 251(g) and except that immediately after the Northrop Effective Time the name of Holdco shall be changed to "Northrop Grumman Corporation."

office in accordance with the Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws of the Northrop Surviving Corporation until such officer's successor is duly elected or appointed and qualified. In accordance with the Northrop Merger Agreement and
Section 251(g) of the DGCL, the officers of Parent at the Northrop Effective Time shall be the initial officers of Holdco, each to hold office in accordance with the Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws of Holdco until such officer's successor is duly elected or appointed and qualified.

(a) At the Effective Time, each Share held by the Company as treasury stock, held by any subsidiary of the Company, or owned by Holdco or any of its subsidiaries, immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be canceled, and no payment shall be made with respect thereto. Unless the context otherwise requires, each reference in this Agreement to the Shares shall include the associated Rights.

(b) At the Effective Time, each share of common stock of Acquisition I outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be converted into and become one share of common stock of the Litton Surviving Corporation with the same rights, powers and privileges as the shares so converted and shall constitute the only outstanding shares of capital stock of the Litton Surviving Corporation (other than as contemplated by Section 2.8(d)).

(c) At the Effective Time, except as otherwise provided in Sections 2.8(a) or 2.11, each Share issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time, shall be converted into the right to receive an amount of cash equal to the Per Share Amount, without interest (the "Merger Consideration").

(d) At the Effective Time, each issued and outstanding Preferred Share (other than any such shares held by Holdco, which shares shall be cancelled at the Effective Time) shall remain outstanding, without any change, as a share of the Series B $2 Cumulative Preferred Stock, par value $5.00 per share of the Litton Surviving Corporation.

(a) From time to time following the Effective Time, as necessary to satisfy the requirements of Section 2.9(b), Parent and Holdco shall deliver to such agent or agents as may be appointed by Parent and Holdco and reasonably satisfactory to the Company (the "Payment Agent") for the benefit of the holders of Shares, in cash the aggregate amount necessary to pay the Merger Consideration (such cash hereinafter referred to as the "Merger Fund") payable and issuable pursuant to Section 2.8 in exchange for outstanding Shares.

(b) As soon as reasonably practicable after the Effective Time, the Payment Agent shall mail to each holder of record of a certificate or certificates which immediately prior to the Effective Time represented outstanding Shares (the "Certificates") whose shares were converted into the right to receive the Merger Consideration pursuant to Section 2.8: (i) a letter of transmittal (which shall specify that delivery shall be effected and risk of loss and title to the Certificates shall pass only upon delivery of the Certificates to the Payment Agent and shall be in

such form and have such other provisions as Parent and the Company may reasonably specify) and (ii) instructions for use in effecting the surrender of the Certificates in exchange for the Merger Consideration. Upon surrender of a Certificate for cancellation to the Payment Agent together with such letter of transmittal duly executed, the holder of such Certificate shall be entitled to receive in exchange therefor a check representing the Merger Consideration which such holder has the right to receive pursuant to the provisions of this Article 2 and the Certificate so surrendered shall forthwith be canceled. In the event of a transfer of ownership of Shares which is not registered in the transfer records of the Company, payment of the Merger Consideration may be made to a transferee if the Certificate representing such Shares is presented to the Payment Agent accompanied by all documents required to effect such transfer and by evidence that any applicable stock transfer taxes have been paid. Until surrendered as contemplated by this Section 2.9, each Certificate shall be deemed at any time after the Effective Time to represent only the right to receive upon such surrender the Merger Consideration as contemplated by this
Section 2.9. Holders of Shares in book-entry form will be entitled to receive upon delivery to the Paying Agent of a properly completed letter of transmittal, the Merger Consideration payable for each Share held by such holders in book- entry form.

(d) All Merger Consideration paid upon the surrender for exchange of Shares in accordance with the terms hereof shall be deemed to have been paid in full satisfaction of all rights pertaining to such Shares; subject, however, to the Litton Surviving Corporation's obligation to pay any dividends or make any other distributions with a record date prior to the Effective Time which may have been declared or made by the Company on such Shares in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, or prior to the date hereof and which remain unpaid at the Effective Time, and there shall be no further registration of transfers on the stock transfer books of the Litton Surviving Corporation of the Shares which were outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time. If after the Effective Time Certificates are presented to the Litton Surviving Corporation for any reason, they shall be canceled and exchanged as provided in this Article 2.

(e) Any portion of the Merger Fund which remains undistributed to the stockholders of the Company for six months after the Effective Time shall be delivered to Holdco upon demand and any stockholders of the Company who have not theretofore complied with this Article 2 shall thereafter look only to Holdco for payment of their claim for the Merger Consideration.

(f) Neither Holdco nor the Company shall be liable to any holder of Shares for cash from the Merger Fund delivered to a public official pursuant to any applicable abandoned property, escheat or similar law.

(a) As of the Effective Time, each outstanding option to purchase Shares that has been granted by the Company (a "Company Stock Option" or collectively "Company Stock Options") that is then vested (an "A Option") shall be converted into the right to receive a cash payment in accordance with the terms of this
Section 2.10(a). All plans or agreements pursuant to which any Company Stock Option or Share of restricted stock ("Restricted Stock") or deferred stock unit has been issued or may be issued are referred to collectively as the "Company Plans." Immediately following the Effective Time, Holdco shall pay, or cause Litton Surviving Corporation to pay, to each holder of an A Option, in cancellation of such A Option, an amount of cash equal to (x) the excess of (i) the Cash Consideration over (ii) the per-share exercise price of such Company Stock Option times (y) the number of Shares subject to such Company Stock Option, subject to all required tax withholding.

(c) Holdco's conversion of B Options in accordance with Section 2.10(b) shall only apply to 1,244,523 unvested options as disclosed by the Company as of January 12, 2001. Any B Options in excess of such 1,244,523 options shall be converted (on a pro rata basis applicable to all B Options) into a right to receive a cash payment in accordance with Section 2.10(a).

(e) It is acknowledged and agreed that each share of Restricted Stock that is outstanding immediately prior to the consummation of the Offer will vest (and all restrictions will lapse) upon the consummation of the Offer and all deferred stock units will become

immediately due and payable upon consummation of the Offer. Therefore holders of such Restricted Stock shall thereupon be entitled to receive the Merger Consideration in the Merger as set forth in Section 2.9.

(f) As soon as practicable after the Effective Time, Holdco shall deliver to the holders of B Options appropriate notices setting forth such holders' rights pursuant to the Company Plan and that the agreements evidencing the grants of such B Options shall continue in effect on the same terms and conditions (subject to the adjustments required by this Section 2.10 after giving effect to the Litton Merger). Holdco shall comply with the terms of the Company Plans and ensure, to the extent required by and subject to the provisions of such Plans, that B Options which qualified as incentive stock options prior to the Effective Time continue to qualify as incentive stock options of Holdco after the Effective Time.

(g) Holdco shall take all corporate action necessary to reserve for issuance a sufficient number of shares of Holdco Common Stock for delivery upon exercise of B Options assumed in accordance with Section 2.10(b). At the Effective Time, Holdco shall file a registration statement on Form S-8 (or any successor or other appropriate forms) with respect to the shares of Holdco Common Stock subject to any options held by persons who are or were directors, officers or employees of the Company or its subsidiaries and shall use its best efforts to maintain the effectiveness of such registration statement or registration statements (and maintain the current status of the prospectus or prospectuses contained therein) for so long as such options remain outstanding.

(h) At or before the Effective Time, the Company shall cause to be effected any necessary amendments to the Company Plans to give effect to the foregoing provisions of this Section 2.10.

ARTICLE 3

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY

Except as publicly disclosed by the Company in the Company SEC Reports and except as set forth on the Disclosure Schedule (it being agreed that disclosure of any item in such schedules shall be deemed disclosure with respect to any section of this Agreement to which the relevance of such item is apparent) previously delivered by the Company to Parent (the "Company Disclosure Schedule"), the Company hereby represents and warrants to each of Parent, Holdco and Acquisition I as follows:

(a) Section 3.1 of the Company Disclosure Schedule identifies each subsidiary of the Company as of the date of the Original Agreement and its respective jurisdiction of incorporation or organization, as the case may be. Each of the Company and its subsidiaries is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization and has all requisite corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its businesses as now being conducted. The Company has heretofore delivered to Acquisition I or Parent accurate and complete copies of the Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws (or similar governing documents), as currently in effect, of the Company and its subsidiaries.

(b) Each of the Company and its subsidiaries is duly qualified or licensed and in good standing to do business in each jurisdiction in which the property owned, leased or operated by it or the nature of the business conducted by it makes such qualification or licensing necessary, except in such jurisdictions where the failure to be so duly qualified or licensed and in good standing would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect. The term "Company Material Adverse Effect" means any changes or effects that, individually or in the aggregate, are materially adverse to the business, assets, long-term earning capacity or financial condition of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as whole, other than any changes or effects arising out of (i) general economic conditions, (ii) conditions generally affecting industries in which the Company operates, (iii) the financial markets or (iv) the entering into or the public announcement or disclosure of this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby.

(a) The authorized capital stock of the Company consists of (i) 120 million Shares, of which, as of November 30, 2000, 45,518,647 Shares were issued and outstanding, excluding 2,734,083 Shares held in the Company's treasury, (each together with a Share purchase right (the "Rights") issued pursuant to the Stockholder Rights Plan dated as of August 17, 1994 (the "Rights Plan") between the Company and The Bank of New York, as Rights Agent), (ii) 22 million shares of preferred stock, par value $5.00 per share, of which, as of November 30, 2000, 410,643 Preferred Shares were issued and outstanding and 150,000 shares were designated as Series A Participating Preferred Stock and were reserved for issuance under the Rights Plan and (iii) 8 million shares of preference stock, par value $2.50 per share, no shares of which are

outstanding. All of the outstanding Shares have been validly issued and are fully paid, nonassessable and free of preemptive rights. As of November 30, 2000, 5,194,720 Shares were reserved for issuance pursuant to outstanding Company Stock Options. Between August 1, 2000 and the date of the Original Agreement, no shares of the Company's capital stock have been issued other than pursuant to Company Stock Options already in existence on the date of the Original Agreement, and between August 1, 2000 and the date of the Original Agreement no stock options have been granted. Except (i) as set forth above,
(ii) for 168,786 Shares issuable pursuant to performance-based restricted stock or deferred stock units and (iii) for the Rights, as of November 30, 2000, there were outstanding (A) no shares of capital stock or other voting securities of the Company, (B) no securities of the Company or its subsidiaries convertible into or exchangeable for shares of capital stock or voting securities of the Company, (C) no options or other rights to acquire from the Company or its subsidiaries and, no obligations of the Company or its subsidiaries to issue any capital stock, voting securities or securities convertible into or exchangeable for capital stock or voting securities of the Company and (D) no equity equivalent interests in the ownership or earnings of the Company or its subsidiaries (collectively "Company Securities"). As of the date of the Original Agreement, there are no outstanding obligations of the Company or its subsidiaries to repurchase redeem or otherwise acquire any Company Securities. There are no stockholder agreements, voting trusts or other agreements or understandings to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound relating to the voting or registration of any shares of capital stock of the Company.

(b) All of the outstanding capital stock of the Company's subsidiaries (other than director's qualifying shares in the case of foreign subsidiaries) is owned by the Company, or one of its subsidiaries, directly or indirectly, free and clear of any material Lien or any other material limitation or restriction (including any restriction on the right to vote or sell the same except as may be provided as a matter of law) and except for any Liens which are incurred in the ordinary course of business. There are no securities of the Company or its subsidiaries convertible into or exchangeable for, no options or other rights to acquire from the Company or its subsidiaries and no other contract, understanding, arrangement or obligation (whether or not contingent) providing for, the issuance or sale, directly or indirectly, by the Company or any of its subsidiaries of any capital stock or other ownership interests in or any other securities of any subsidiary of the Company. There are no outstanding contractual obligations of the Company or its subsidiaries to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any outstanding shares of capital stock or other ownership interests in any subsidiary of the Company. For purposes of this Agreement, "Lien" means, with respect to any asset (including without limitation any security), any mortgage, lien, pledge, charge, security interest or encumbrance of any kind in respect of such asset.

(c) The Shares and the Preferred Shares constitute the only classes of equity securities of the Company or its subsidiaries registered or required to be registered under the Exchange Act.

(d) The Company has amended the Rights Plan so that none of Parent, Holdco or Acquisition I shall be deemed to be an Acquiring Person (as defined in the Rights Plan) as a result of the execution and delivery of this Agreement or consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby.

(a) The Company has all necessary corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby. The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby have been duly and validly authorized by the Company Board and no other corporate proceedings on the part of the Company are necessary to authorize this Agreement or to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby except the approval and adoption of this Agreement by the holders of a majority of the outstanding Shares and Preferred Shares, voting together as one class. This Agreement has been duly and validly executed and delivered by the Company and, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery by Parent, Holdco and Acquisition I, constitutes a valid, legal and binding agreement of the Company enforceable, against the Company in accordance with its terms.

(b) The members of the Company Board present at a duly called meeting have unanimously resolved to recommend that the stockholders of the Company approve and adopt this Agreement.

(a) The Company has filed all required forms, reports and documents ("Company SEC Reports") with the SEC since October 1, 1997, each of which has complied in all material respects with all applicable requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, each as in effect on the dates such forms, reports and documents were filed. None of such Company SEC Reports, including, without limitation, any financial statements or schedules included or incorporated by reference therein, contained when filed any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated or incorporated by reference therein, or necessary, in order to make the statements therein in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The audited consolidated financial statements of the Company included in the Company SEC Reports and the unaudited financial statements contained in the Company's quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended October 31, 2000 have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis (except as may be indicated in the notes thereto), and fairly present in all material respects the consolidated financial position of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries as of the dates thereof and their consolidated results of operations and changes in financial position for the periods then ended, except, in the case of unaudited interim financial statements, for normal year-end audit adjustments and the fact that certain information and notes have been condensed or omitted in accordance with the applicable rules of the SEC.

(b) The Company has heretofore made available or promptly will make available to Acquisition I or Parent a complete and correct copy of any amendments or modifications which are required to be filed with the SEC but have not yet been filed with the SEC to agreements, documents or other instruments which previously had been filed by the Company with the SEC pursuant to the Exchange Act.

subsidiaries or any of their respective properties or assets except, in the case of (b) or (c), for violations breaches or defaults which would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect.

(a) Section 3.11(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists all material employee benefit plans (as defined in Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA")) and all material bonus, stock option, stock purchase, incentive, deferred compensation, supplemental retirement, severance and other similar fringe or employee benefit plans, programs or arrangements maintained or contributed to by the Company or any of its subsidiaries for the benefit of or relating to any employee of the Company, or any of its subsidiaries, excluding plans, programs, agreements and arrangements under which the Company has no remaining obligations, each individual agreement under which the Company's future obligations and potential obligations do not exceed $200,000 per year or $600,000 in the aggregate, payroll practices, and any plans, programs, agreements and arrangements that are required to be maintained by the Company or any of its subsidiaries under the laws of any foreign jurisdiction (together the "Employee Plans"), other than those referred to in Section 4(b)(4) of ERISA. The Company has made available to Parent a copy of the documents and instruments governing each such Employee Plan (other than those referred to in Section 4(b)(4) of ERISA). No event has occurred and, to the knowledge of the Company, there currently exists no condition or set of circumstances in connection with which the Company or any of its subsidiaries would be subject to any material liability under the terms of any Employee Plans, ERISA, the code or any other applicable law, including, without limitation, any liability under Title IV of ERISA.

(b) Section 3.11(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a list of (i) all employment agreements with executive officers of the Company ("Employment Agreements"); and (ii) all agreements with consultants who are individuals obligating the Company to make annual cash payments in an amount exceeding $200,000. The Company has made available to Parent copies or descriptions of all such agreements.

(c) There will be no material payment, accrual of additional benefits, acceleration of payments or vesting in any benefit under any Employee Plan or any agreement or arrangement disclosed under this Section 3.11 solely by reason of entering into or in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

(d) No Employee Plan that is a welfare benefit plan within the meaning of
Section 3(1) of ERISA (other than a plan covering only one individual employee or former employee and his or her dependents) provides material benefits to former employees of the Company or its ERISA Affiliates other than pursuant to
Section 4980B of the Code.

(e) There are no material controversies pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened between the Company or any of its subsidiaries and any of their respective employees. Section 3.11(e) of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists each collective bargaining agreement or other labor union contract applicable to persons employed by the Company or its subsidiaries in the United States. The Company does not have knowledge of any material activities or proceedings of any labor union to organize any employees of the Company or its subsidiaries. The Company has no knowledge of any material strikes, slowdowns, work

stoppages, lockouts or threats thereof by or with respect to any employees of the Company or any of its subsidiaries.

(a) (i) Each of the Company and its subsidiaries is in compliance with all applicable federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to pollution or protection of human health or the environment (including, without limitation, ambient air, surface water, ground water, land surface or subsurface strata) (collectively "Environmental Laws"), except for non-compliance that would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect, which compliance includes but is not limited to, the possession by the Company and its subsidiaries of all material permits and other material authorizations by Governmental Entities required under applicable Environmental Laws and compliance with the terms and conditions thereof; and (ii) none of the Company or its subsidiaries has received written notice of or, to the knowledge of the Company, is the subject of any action, cause of action, claim, investigation, demand or notice by any person or entity alleging liability under or non-compliance with any Environmental Law (an "Environmental Claim") that would have a Company Material Adverse Effect.

(b) Except as disclosed in the Company SEC Reports, there are no Environmental Claims that would have a Company Material Adverse Effect that are pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against the Company or its subsidiaries or, to the knowledge of the Company, against any person or entity whose liability for any Environmental Claim the Company or any of its subsidiaries has or may have retained or assumed either contractually or by operation of law.

(i) the term "Income Tax" shall mean any federal, state, local or foreign Tax (A) based upon, measured by, or calculated with respect to net income or profits (including capital gains Taxes, alternative minimum Taxes and Taxes on items of Tax preference), or (B) based upon, measured by, or calculated with respect to multiple bases (including corporate franchise Taxes), if one or more of the principal bases on which such Tax may be based, measured by, or calculated with respect to is described in clause (A).

(ii) the term "Tax" (including "Taxes") means (A) all federal, state, local, foreign and other net income, gross income, gross receipts, sales, use, ad valorem, transfer, franchise, profits, license, lease, service, service use, withholding, estimated, payroll, employment, excise, severance, stamp, occupation, premium, property, windfall profits, customs, duties or other taxes, fees, assessments or charges of any kind whatsoever, together with any interest and any penalties, additions to tax or additional amounts with respect thereto, (B) any liability for payment of amounts described in clause (A) whether as a result of transferee liability, of being a member of an affiliated, consolidated, combined or unitary group for any period, or otherwise through operation of law, and (C) any liability for the payment of amounts

described in clauses (A) or (B) as a result of any tax sharing, tax indemnity or tax allocation agreement or any other express or implied agreement to indemnify any other person; and

(iii) the term "Tax Return" means any return, declaration, report, statement, information statement and other document required to be filed with respect to Taxes.

(b) The Company and its subsidiaries have timely filed (taking into account extensions) all material Income Tax Returns they are required to have filed. All Income Tax Returns filed by the Company and its subsidiaries are accurate and correct in all material respects.

(c) Except as disclosed in the Company SEC Reports, the Company and its subsidiaries have timely paid all material Income Taxes that have become due or payable (other than Taxes being contested in good faith and for which adequate reserves have been established) and have adequately reserved for in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles all material Income Taxes (whether or not shown on any Tax Return) that have accrued but are not yet due or payable.

(d) Except as set forth in the Company SEC Reports, no claim for assessment or collection of material Income Taxes is presently being asserted against the Company or its subsidiaries and there is no presently pending audit examination, refund claim, litigation, proceeding, proposed adjustment or matter in controversy with respect to any material Income Taxes due and owing by the Company or any of its subsidiaries.

(e) Neither the Company nor any subsidiary of the Company has filed any waiver of the statute of limitations applicable to the assessment or collection of any federal Income Tax which remains open.

(f) Neither the Company nor any subsidiary of the Company is a party to any tax indemnity agreement, tax sharing agreement, or other agreement under which it reasonably expects to become liable to another person as a result of the imposition of a material Income Tax upon any person, or the assessment or collection of such a Tax.

(g) The Company and each of its subsidiaries have complied in all material respects with all rules and regulations relating to the withholding of federal Income Taxes.

(h) The representations contained in subparagraphs (b) through (d) and subparagraph (g) hereof are true and correct with respect to all Taxes other than Income Taxes and all Tax Returns with respect to Taxes other than Income Taxes, as applicable, except for such failures that would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect.

(i) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is a party to any agreement, contract, arrangement or plan that has resulted or would result, separately or in the aggregate, in connection with this Agreement or any change of control of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, in the payment of any "excess parachute payments" within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code.

(a) Each of the Company and its subsidiaries owns or possesses adequate licenses or other valid rights to use all existing United States and foreign patents, trademarks, trade names, service marks, copyrights, trade secrets and applications therefor owned or used by the Company and its subsidiaries (the "Company Intellectual Property Rights"), except where the failure to own or possess valid rights to use such Company Intellectual Property Rights would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect.

(b) Except for any of the following which would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect:

(i) the validity of the Company Intellectual Property Rights and the title thereto of the Company or any subsidiary, as the case may be, is not being questioned in any litigation to which the Company or any subsidiary is a party, and

(ii) the conduct of the business of the Company and its subsidiaries as now conducted does not, to the knowledge of the Company, infringe any valid patents, trademarks, trade names, service marks or copyrights of others. To the knowledge of the Company, the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement will not result in the loss or impairment of any Company Intellectual Property Rights.

(a) Except as disclosed in Section 3.9 or Section 3.15 of the Company Disclosure Schedule, to the knowledge of the Company, with respect to its Government Contracts, there is, as of the date of the Original Agreement, no (i) civil fraud or criminal investigation by any Governmental Entity that would have a Company Material Adverse Effect, (ii) suspension or debarment proceeding (or equivalent proceeding) against the Company or any of its subsidiaries that would have a Company Material Adverse Effect, (iii) request by the U.S. Government for a contract price adjustment based on a claimed disallowance by the Defense Contract Audit Agency or claim of defective pricing in excess of $40 million,
(iv) dispute between the Company or any of its subsidiaries and the U.S. Government which, since August 1, 2000, has resulted in a government contracting officer's determination and finding final decision where the amount in controversy exceeds or is expected to exceed $40 million or (v) claim or equitable adjustment by the Company or any of its subsidiaries against the U.S. Government in excess of $40 million.

(b) For the purposes of this Agreement, with respect to any party, "Government Contract" means any prime contract, subcontract, teaming agreement or arrangement, joint venture, basic ordering agreement, letter contract, purchase order, delivery order, Bid, change

order, arrangement or other commitment of any kind relating to the business of such party between such party and (i) the U.S. Government or (ii) any prime contractor to the U.S. Government. For the purposes of this Agreement, with respect to any party, "Bid" means any quotation, bid or proposal by such party or any of its affiliates which, if accepted or awarded, would lead to a Contract with the U.S. Government or any prime contractor to the U.S. Government, for the design, manufacture or sale of products or the provision of services by such party. For the purposes of this Agreement, with respect to any party, "Contracts" means all contracts, agreements, leases (including leases of real property), licenses, commitments, sales and purchase orders, intercompany work transfer agreements (with respect to work by or for another or such party's businesses) and other instruments of any kind, whether written or oral.

have no direct or indirect ownership interest that is material to the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole in any customer of the Company or any of its subsidiaries.

ARTICLE 4

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
OF PARENT, HOLDCO AND ACQUISITION I

Except as publicly disclosed by Parent in the Parent SEC Reports and except as set forth on the Disclosure Schedule (it being agreed that disclosure of any item in such schedules shall be deemed disclosure with respect to any section of this Agreement to which the relevance of such item is apparent) previously delivered by Parent to the Company (the "Parent Disclosure Schedule"), Parent, Holdco and Acquisition I hereby represent and warrant to the Company as follows:

(a) Each of Parent, Holdco and Acquisition I is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware and has all requisite corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its businesses as now being conducted. Parent has heretofore delivered to the Company accurate and complete copies of the Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws as currently in effect of Parent, Holdco and Acquisition I.

(b) Each of Parent, Holdco and Acquisition I is duly qualified or licensed and in good standing to do business in each jurisdiction in which the property owned, leased or operated by it or the nature of the business conducted by it makes such qualification or licensing necessary, except in such jurisdictions where the failure to be so duly qualified or licensed and in good standing would not have a Parent Material Adverse Effect. The term "Parent Material Adverse Effect" means any changes or effects that, individually or in the aggregate, are materially adverse to the business, assets, long-term earning capacity or financial condition of Parent and its subsidiaries, taken as whole, other than any changes or effects arising out of (i) general economic conditions, (ii) conditions generally affecting industries in which Parent operates, (iii) the financial markets or (iv) the entering into or the public announcement or disclosure of this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby

(a) The authorized capital stock of Parent consists of 200,000,000 shares of Parent Common Stock, of which, as of September 30, 2000, 71,725,672 shares of Parent Common Stock were issued and outstanding (each together with a right to purchase preferred stock of Parent (the "Parent Rights") issued pursuant to the Rights Agreement between Parent and Chase Mellon Shareholder Services, L.L.C., dated as of September 23, 1998 and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $1.00 par value per share, none of which are outstanding. All of the outstanding shares of Parent Common Stock have been validly issued and are fully paid, nonassessable and free of preemptive rights. As of September 30, 2000, (X) 4,707,506 shares of Parent Common

Stock were reserved for issuance and issuable upon or otherwise deliverable in connection with the exercise of outstanding options and (Y) there were 255,451 shares of Parent Common Stock subject to Parent Restricted Stock Rights and up to 1,168,512 shares of Parent Common Stock issuable under Parent Restricted Performance Stock Rights outstanding. Between September 30, 2000 and the date hereof, no shares of Parent's capital stock have been issued other than pursuant to stock options already in existence on such date and except for grants of stock options, restricted stock rights and restricted performance stock rights to employees, officers and directors in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice between September 30, 2000 and the date hereof, no stock options have been granted. Except as set forth above and except for the Parent Rights, as of the date hereof, there are outstanding (i) no shares of capital stock or other voting securities of Parent, (ii) no securities of Parent or its subsidiaries convertible into or exchangeable for shares of capital stock, or voting securities of Parent, (iii) no options or other rights to acquire from Parent or its subsidiaries and no obligations of Parent or its subsidiaries to issue any capital stock, voting securities or securities convertible into or exchangeable for capital stock or voting securities of Parent and (iv) except for Parent's Non-Employee Directors Equity Participation Plan, no equity equivalent interests in the ownership or earnings of Parent or its subsidiaries or other similar rights (collectively "Parent Securities"). As of the date hereof, there are no outstanding obligations of Parent or any of its subsidiaries to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any Parent Securities. There are no stockholder agreements, voting trusts or other agreements or understandings to which Parent is a party or by which it is bound relating to the voting of any shares of capital stock of Parent.

(b) The Parent Common Stock and the Parent Rights constitute the only classes of equity securities of Parent or its subsidiaries registered or required to be registered under the Exchange Act.

(c) The authorized capital stock of Holdco and the issued and outstanding capital stock of Holdco as of the date of purchase of Shares and Preferred Shares in the Offer will be the same as that of Parent immediately prior to such date, except, in each case, as otherwise contemplated by this Agreement. The shares of Holdco Common Stock and the shares of Holdco Preferred Stock to be issued in the Offer have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of Holdco and when issued in accordance with the terms hereof will be validly issued, fully paid, non-assessable and free of preemptive rights.

Northrop Merger Agreement have been duly and validly executed and delivered by each of Parent, Holdco, Acquisition I and Acquisition II, as applicable, and, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery by the Company, as applicable, constitutes a valid, legal and binding agreement of each of Parent, Holdco, Acquisition I and Acquisition II enforceable against each of Parent, Holdco, Acquisition I and Acquisition II in accordance with its terms.

(a) Parent has filed all required forms, reports and documents ("Parent SEC Reports") with the SEC since December 31, 1997, each of which has complied in all material respects with all applicable requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, each as in effect on the dates such forms reports and documents were filed. None of such Parent SEC Reports, including, without limitation, any financial statements or schedules included or incorporated by reference therein, contained when filed any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated or incorporated by reference therein, or necessary, in order to make the statements therein in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The audited consolidated financial statements of Parent included in the Parent SEC Reports and the unaudited financial statements contained in Parent's quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2000 have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis (except as may be indicated in the notes thereto), and fairly present in all material respects the consolidated financial position of Parent and its consolidated subsidiaries as of the dates thereof and their consolidated results of operations and changes in financial position for the periods then ended, except, in the case of unaudited interim financial statements, for normal year-end audit adjustments and the fact that certain information and notes have been condensed or omitted in accordance with the applicable rules of the SEC.

(b) Parent has heretofore made available or promptly will make available to the Company a complete and correct copy of any amendments or modifications which are required to be filed with the SEC but have not yet been filed with the SEC to agreements, documents or other instruments which previously had been filed by Parent with the SEC pursuant to the Exchange Act.

Entity that would have a Parent Material Adverse Effect or would reasonably be expected to prevent or materially delay the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby.

(a) (i) Each of Parent and its subsidiaries is in compliance with all Environmental Laws, except for non-compliance that would not have a Parent Material Adverse Effect, which compliance includes but is not limited to, the possession by Parent and its subsidiaries of all material permits and other material authorizations by Governmental Entities required under applicable Environmental Laws and compliance with the terms and conditions thereof; and
(ii) none of Parent or its subsidiaries has received written notice of or, to the knowledge of Parent, is the subject of any action, cause of action, claim, investigation, demand or notice by any person or entity alleging liability under or non-compliance with any Environmental Law (a "Parent Environmental Claim") that would have a Parent Material Adverse Effect.

(b) Except as disclosed in the Parent SEC Reports, there are no Parent Environmental Claims that would have a Parent Material Adverse Effect that are pending or, to the knowledge of Parent, threatened against Parent or its subsidiaries or, to the knowledge of Parent, against any

person or entity whose liability for any Parent Environmental Claim Parent or any of its subsidiaries has or may have retained or assumed either contractually or by operation of law.

(a) Except as publicly disclosed by Parent in the Parent SEC Reports, Parent and its subsidiaries have accurately prepared and duly filed with the appropriate federal, state, local and foreign taxing authorities all tax returns, information returns and reports required to be filed with respect to Parent and its subsidiaries and have paid in full or made adequate provision for the payment of all Taxes.

(b) Neither Parent, Acquisition I, Acquisition II nor Holdco has taken or agreed to take any action that would prevent the Offer and the Northrop Merger, taken together, from qualifying as an exchange described in Section 351 of the Code.

(a) Each of Parent and its subsidiaries owns or possesses adequate licenses or other valid rights to use all existing United States and foreign patents, trademarks, trade names, service marks, copyrights, trade secrets and applications therefor owned or used by Parent and its subsidiaries (the "Parent Intellectual Property Rights"), except where the failure to own or

possess valid rights to use such Parent Intellectual Property Rights would not have a Parent Material Adverse Effect.

(b) Except for any of the following which would not have a Parent Material Adverse Effect:

(i) the validity of Parent Intellectual Property Rights and the title thereto of Parent or any subsidiary, as the case may be, is not being questioned in any litigation to which Parent or any subsidiary is a party, and

(ii) the conduct of the business of Parent and its subsidiaries as now conducted does not, to the knowledge of Parent, infringe any valid patents, trademarks, trade names, service marks or copyrights of others. To the knowledge of Parent, the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement will not result in the loss or impairment of any Parent Intellectual Property Rights.

(c) Parent and its subsidiaries have no direct or indirect ownership interest that is material to Parent and its subsidiaries taken as a whole in any customer of Parent or any of its subsidiaries.

ARTICLE 5

COVENANTS

(a) amend its Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws (or other similar governing instrument);

(b) authorize for issuance, issue, sell, deliver or agree or commit to issue, sell or deliver (whether through the issuance or granting of options, warrants, commitments, subscriptions, rights to purchase or otherwise) any shares of any class of capital stock or any other securities (except bank loans) or equity equivalents (including, without limitation, any stock options or stock appreciation rights) except for (i) the issuance and sale of Shares pursuant to options, performance-based restricted stock or deferred stock units previously granted, (ii) the issuance and sale of performance-based restricted stock pursuant to rights previously granted or (iii) the issuance and sale of securities by a subsidiary of the Company to any entity which is wholly owned by the Company;

(c) split, combine or reclassify any shares of its capital stock, declare, set aside or pay any dividend or other distribution (whether in cash, stock or property or any combination thereof) in respect of its capital stock, make any other actual, constructive or deemed distribution in respect of its capital stock or otherwise make any payments to stockholders in their capacity as such, or redeem or otherwise acquire any of its securities or any securities of any of its subsidiaries, except for the payment of dividends in respect of the Preferred Shares and except for the payment of dividends or distributions by a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company to the Company or another wholly owned subsidiary of the Company;

(d) adopt a plan of complete or partial liquidation, dissolution, merger, consolidation, restructuring, recapitalization or other reorganization of the Company or any of its subsidiaries (other than the Litton Merger);

(e) alter through merger, liquidation, reorganization, restructuring or any other fashion the corporate structure of ownership of any subsidiary (other than as permitted by this Section 5.1);

(f) (i) incur or assume any long-term or short-term debt or issue any debt securities except for borrowings under existing lines of credit or in connection with existing commercial paper programs in the ordinary course of business; (ii) assume, guarantee, endorse or otherwise become liable or responsible (whether directly, contingently or otherwise) for the obligations of any other person except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and except for obligations of subsidiaries of the Company incurred in the ordinary course of business; (iii) make any loans, advances or capital contributions to or investments in any other person (other than to subsidiaries of the Company or customary loans or advances to employees, in each case in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice); (iv) pledge or otherwise encumber shares of capital stock of the Company or its subsidiaries except in connection with borrowings as permitted by this Section 5.1(f); or (v) mortgage or pledge any of its material assets, tangible or intangible, or create or suffer to exist any material Lien thereupon (other than currently existing Liens and Tax Liens for Taxes not yet due);

(h) other than in the ordinary course of business, acquire, sell, lease or dispose of any assets in any single transaction or series of related transactions having a fair market value in excess of $10,000,000 in the aggregate (other than in connection with outsourcing agreements entered into with customers of the Company or its subsidiaries);

(i) except as may be required as a result of a change in law or in generally accepted accounting principles, change any of the accounting principles or practices used by it (other than immaterial changes);

(j) revalue in any material respect any of its assets including without limitation writing down the value of inventory or writing-off notes or accounts receivable other than in the ordinary course of business or as required by generally accepted accounting principles;

(k) (i) acquire (by merger, consolidation or acquisition of stock or assets) any corporation, partnership or other business organization or division thereof or any equity interest therein (other than in connection with outsourcing agreements entered into with customers of the Company or its subsidiaries); (ii) enter into any contract or agreement other than in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice which would be material to the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole; (iii) authorize any new (not within the Company's existing capital expenditure budget) capital expenditure or expenditures which individually is in excess of $10,000,000 or capital expenditures in the aggregate are in excess of $210,000,000; provided that none of the foregoing shall limit any capital expenditure required pursuant to existing customer contracts or pursuant to the Company's existing capital expenditures budget, a copy of which has been provided by the Company to Parent;

(l) make any material tax election or settle or compromise any income tax liability material to the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole (in each case, other than in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice);

(m) settle or compromise any pending or threatened suit, action or claim which (i) relates to the transactions contemplated hereby or (ii) the settlement or compromise of which would have a Company Material Adverse Effect;

(n) commence any material research and/or development project or terminate any material research and/or development project that is currently ongoing, in either case except pursuant to the terms of existing contracts or except as contemplated by the Company's project development budget previously provided to Parent;

(o) amend the Company Rights Agreement in any manner that would permit any person other than Parent or its affiliates to acquire more than 15% of the Shares, or redeem the Company Rights; or

(p) take or agree in writing or otherwise to take any of the actions described in Sections 5.1(a) through 5.1(o).

(a) acquire or agree to acquire, by merging or consolidating with, or by purchasing an equity interest in or the assets of or by any other manner, any business or corporation, partnership or other business organization or division thereof, or otherwise acquire or agree to acquire any assets of any other entity (other than the purchase of assets from suppliers, clients or vendors in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practice) if such transaction

would prevent or materially delay the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement;

(b) adopt or propose to adopt any amendments to its charter documents which would have a material adverse impact on the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement;

(c) take any action that would prevent the Offer and the Mergers, taken together, from qualifying as an exchange described in Section 351 of the Code;

(d) split, combine or reclassify any shares of its capital stock, declare, set aside or pay any dividend or other distribution (whether in cash, stock or property or any combination thereof) in respect of its capital stock, make any other actual, constructive or deemed distribution in respect of its capital stock or otherwise make any payments to stockholders in their capacity as such, except for the payment of ordinary cash dividends in respect of the Parent Common Stock;

(e) adopt a plan of complete or partial liquidation or dissolution of Parent or any of its material subsidiaries; or

(f) take or agree in writing or otherwise to take any of the actions described in Sections 5.2(a) through 5.2(e).

form of that certain Confidentiality Agreement entered into between the Company and Parent dated June 23, 2000 (and containing additional provisions that expressly permit the Company to comply with the provisions of this Section 5.3) and (B) the Company Board by a majority vote determines in its good faith judgment, after consultation with and based upon the advice of, legal counsel that it is required to do so in order to comply with its fiduciary duties. The Company shall promptly notify the Parent in the event it receives any proposal or inquiry concerning a Third Party Acquisition including the terms and conditions thereof and the identity of the party submitting such proposal; and the Company shall advise the Parent from time to time of the status and any material developments concerning the same.

determines in its good faith judgment (after receiving the advice of a financial adviser of nationally recognized reputation) to be more favorable, from a financial point of view, to the Company's stockholders than the Litton Merger.

(a) Between the date hereof and the Effective Time, the Company will give Parent and its authorized representatives and Parent will give the Company and its authorized representatives reasonable access during normal business hours to all employees, plants, offices, warehouses and other facilities and to all books and records of itself and its subsidiaries, will permit the other party to make such inspections as such party may reasonably require and will cause its officers and those of its subsidiaries to furnish the other party with such financial and operating data and other information with respect to its business and properties and those of its subsidiaries as the other party may from time to time reasonably request.

(b) Between the date hereof and the Effective Time, the Company shall furnish to Parent within 25 business days after the end of each fiscal quarter (commencing with the first fiscal quarter ending after the date hereof) an unaudited balance sheet of the Company as of the end of such fiscal quarter and the related statements of earnings, stockholders' equity (deficit)

and cash flows for the quarter then ended, each prepared in conformity with the accounting practices consistently applied by the Company with respect to its quarterly financial statements.

(c) Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not be required to provide any information which it reasonably believes it may not provide by reason of any applicable law, rules or regulations, which constitutes information protected by attorney/client privilege, or which it or any of its subsidiaries is required to keep confidential by reason of contract, agreement or understanding with third parties.

(d) Each of the parties hereto will hold and will cause its consultants and advisers to hold in confidence all documents and information furnished to it in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement pursuant to the terms of that certain Confidentiality Agreement entered into between the Company and Parent dated June 23, 2000 and each of the parties shall comply with all agreements, covenants, and restrictions contained therein.

(a) Subject to the terms and conditions herein, Company, Parent, Holdco and Acquisition I each agrees to use all reasonable efforts to take, or cause to be taken, all reasonable actions necessary, proper or advisable to consummate and make effective as promptly as practicable the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (including, without limitation, the Mergers) and to reasonably cooperate with the others in connection with the foregoing, including using all reasonable efforts (i) to obtain all necessary waivers, consents and approvals from other parties to material loan agreements, leases and other contracts, (ii) to obtain all consents, approvals and authorizations that are required to be obtained under any federal, state, local or foreign law or regulation, (iii) to lift or rescind any injunction or restraining order or other order adversely affecting the ability of the parties hereto to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby (including, without limitation, the Mergers), (iv) to effect all necessary registrations and filings including, but not limited to, filings and submissions of information requested or required by any domestic or foreign government or governmental or multinational authority, including, without limitation, the Antitrust Division of the United States Department of Justice, the Federal Trade Commission, any State Attorney General, or the European Commission ("Governmental Antitrust Authority"), and (v) to fulfill all conditions to this Agreement. Company, Parent, Holdco and Acquisition I further covenant and agree, with respect to a threatened or pending preliminary or permanent injunction or other order, decree or ruling or statute, rule, regulation or executive order that would adversely affect the ability of the parties hereto to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby, to use all reasonable efforts to prevent the entry, enactment or promulgation thereof, as the case may be.

(b) In furtherance and not in limitation of the foregoing, the Company, Parent, Holdco and Acquisition I shall use their respective best efforts to resolve such objections, if any, as may be asserted with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby (including, without limitation, the Mergers) under any antitrust, competition or trade regulatory laws of any domestic or foreign government or governmental authority or any multinational authority, or any regulations issued thereunder ("Antitrust Laws"). Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company, Parent, Holdco and Acquisition I shall
(i) use their respective best

efforts to avoid the entry of, or to have vacated or terminated, any decree, order, or judgment that would restrain, prevent, or unreasonably delay the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, including, without limitation, defending through litigation on the merits and through any available appeals any claim asserted in any court by any party, and (ii) take any and all steps necessary to avoid (or eliminate) any impediment (including the institution of proceedings) under any Antitrust Laws that may be asserted by any Governmental Antitrust Authority with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby so as to enable the consummation of such transactions to occur reasonably expeditiously. The steps described in clause (ii) of the preceding sentence shall include, without limitation, proposing, negotiating, committing to and effecting (by consent decree, hold separate order or otherwise) the sale, divestiture or disposition of such assets or businesses of Parent or its subsidiaries, the Company or its subsidiaries -- or otherwise taking or committing to take any action that limits its freedom of action with respect to any of the businesses, product lines or assets of Parent or its affiliates, the Company or its affiliates -- as may be required in order to avoid the entry of, or to effect the dissolution of, any injunction, temporary restraining order, or other order in any suit or proceeding, which would otherwise have the effect of preventing or unreasonably delaying the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby (including, without limitation, the Mergers). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, neither Parent, Holdco nor Acquisition I shall be required to take any action pursuant to Sections 5.6(a) or (b) if the taking of such action would have a material adverse effect on the business, assets, long-term earning capacity or financial condition of Parent and the Company (and their subsidiaries), taken as a whole.

(c) The Company, Parent, Holdco and Acquisition I shall keep the other party apprised of the status of matters relating to the completion of the transactions contemplated hereby (including, without limitation, the Mergers) and shall reasonably cooperate in connection with obtaining the requisite approvals, consents or orders of any Governmental Antitrust Authority, including, without limitation: (i) cooperating with the other parties in connection with filings under the HSR Act or any other Antitrust Laws, including, with respect to the party making a filing, (A) providing copies of all such documents to the non-filing parties and their advisers prior to filing (other than documents containing confidential business information that shall be shared only with outside counsel to the non-filing party), and (B) if requested, to accept all reasonable additions, deletions or changes suggested in connection with any such filing; (ii) furnishing to each other all information required for any application or other filing to be made pursuant to the HSR Act or any other Antitrust Laws in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; (iii) promptly notifying the others of, and if in writing furnishing the others with copies of, any communications from or with any Governmental Antitrust Authority with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (including, without limitation, the Mergers); (iv) permitting the other parties to review in advance and considering in good faith the views of one another in connection with any proposed communication with any Governmental Antitrust Authority in connection with proceedings under or relating to the HSR Act or any other Antitrust Laws; (v) not agreeing to participate in any meeting or discussion with any Governmental Antitrust Authority in connection with proceedings under or relating to the HSR Act or any other Antitrust Laws unless it consults with the other parties in advance, and, to the extent permitted by such Governmental Antitrust Authority, gives the other parties the opportunity to attend and participate thereat; and (vi)

consulting and cooperating with one another in connection with any analyses, appearances, presentations, memoranda, briefs, arguments, opinions and proposals made or submitted by or on behalf of any party hereto in connection with proceedings under or relating to the HSR Act or any other Antitrust Laws. If any party or any affiliate thereof receives a request for additional information or documentary material from any such Governmental Antitrust Authority with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby, then such party will endeavor in good faith to make, or cause to be made, as soon as practicable and after consultation with the other parties, an appropriate response in compliance with such request. Parent, Holdco and Acquisition I will advise the Company promptly in respect of any understandings, undertakings or agreements (oral or written) which Parent, Holdco and Acquisition I propose to make or enter into with any Governmental Antitrust Authority in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby (including, without limitation, the Mergers).

(a) After the Effective Time, Parent and the Litton Surviving Corporation shall jointly and severally indemnify and hold harmless (and shall also advance expenses as incurred to the fullest extent permitted under applicable law to) each person who is now or has been prior to the date of the Original Agreement or who becomes prior to the Effective Time an officer or director of the Company or any of the Company's subsidiaries (the "Indemnified Persons") against (i) all losses, claims, damages, costs, expenses (including, without limitation, counsel fees and expenses), settlement payments or liabilities arising out of or in connection with any claim, demand, action, suit, proceeding or investigation based in whole or in part on or arising in whole or in part out of the fact that such person is or was an officer or director of the Company or any of its subsidiaries whether or not pertaining to any matter existing or occurring at or prior to the Effective Time and whether or not asserted or claimed prior to or at or after the Effective Time ("Indemnified Liabilities") and (ii) all Indemnified Liabilities based in whole or in part on or arising in whole or in part out of or pertaining to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby, in each case to the fullest extent required or permitted under applicable law or under the Litton Surviving Corporation's Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws, it being agreed that the provisions thereof relating to indemnification and exoneration from liability shall be at least as favorable to the Indemnified Persons as the current provisions of the Company's Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws. The parties hereto intend, to the extent not prohibited by applicable law, that the indemnification provided for in this
Section 5.7 shall apply without limitation to negligent acts or omissions by an Indemnified Person. Each Indemnified Person is intended to be a third party beneficiary of this Section 5.7 and may specifically enforce its terms. This
Section 5.7 shall not limit or otherwise adversely affect any rights any Indemnified Person may have under any agreement with the Company or under the Company's Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws.

(b) For six years after the Effective Time, the Litton Surviving Corporation shall provide directors' and officers' liability insurance in respect of acts or omissions occurring prior to the Effective Time covering each such Indemnified Person covered as of the date of the Original Agreement or thereafter by the Company's directors' and officers' liability insurance policy on terms with respect to coverage and amounts no less favorable than those of such policy in effect on the date of the Original Agreement; provided, that if the aggregate annual premiums

for such insurance at any time during such period shall exceed 300% of the per annum rate of premium paid by the Company as of the date of the Original Agreement for such insurance, then the Litton Surviving Corporation shall provide only such coverage as shall then be available at an annual premium equal to 300% of such current rate.

(a) From and after the Effective Time, Holdco shall assume and honor, and shall cause the Litton Surviving Corporation to honor, all Employee Plans and all Employment Agreements in accordance with their terms as in effect immediately before the Effective Time, subject to any amendment or termination thereof that may be permitted by such terms. It is acknowledged and agreed that the consummation of the Offer will constitute a "change of control" for purposes of those Employee Plans and Employment Agreements containing "change of control" provisions.

(b) For a period of not less than two years following the Effective Time, Holdco shall provide, or shall cause to be provided, to current and former employees of the Company and its subsidiaries (the "Company Employees") compensation and employee benefits that are, in the aggregate, not less favorable than those provided to Company Employees immediately before the Effective Time. The foregoing shall not be construed to prevent (i) the amendment or termination of any particular Employee Plan or Employment Agreement to the extent permitted by, and in accordance with, its terms as in effect immediately before the Effective Time, or (ii) the termination of employment or the reduction of, or other change in, the compensation or employee benefits of any individual Company Employee.

(c) For all purposes under the employee benefit plans of Holdco and its subsidiaries providing benefits to any Company Employees after the Effective Time (the "New Plans"), each Company Employee shall be credited with all years of service for which such Company Employee was credited before the Effective Time under any similar Company Employee Plans, except to the extent such credit would result in a duplication of benefits. In addition, and without limiting the generality of the foregoing: (i) each Company Employee shall be immediately eligible to participate, without any waiting time, in any and all New Plans to the extent coverage under such New Plan replaces coverage under a comparable Company Employee Plan in which such Company Employee participated immediately before the Effective Time (such plans, collectively, the "Old Plans"); and (ii) for purposes of each New Plan providing medical, dental, pharmaceutical and/or vision benefits to any Company Employee, Holdco shall cause all pre-

existing condition exclusions and actively-at-work requirements of such New Plan to be waived for such employee and his or her covered dependents, and Holdco shall cause any eligible expenses incurred by such employee and his or her covered dependents during the portion of the plan year of the Old Plan ending on the date such employee's participation in the corresponding New Plan begins to be taken into account under such New Plan for purposes of satisfying all deductible, coinsurance and maximum out-of-pocket requirements applicable to such employee and his or her covered dependents for the applicable plan year as if such amounts had been paid in accordance with such New Plan.

(d) Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, from and after the Effective Time, Holdco shall assume and honor, and shall cause the Litton Surviving Corporation to honor, the obligations of the Company to provide lifetime benefits under the Company's Supplemental Medical Insurance Plan to the individuals listed on Schedule 5.9(d). In addition, Holdco agrees not to demand, and to cause the Litton Surviving Corporation not to demand, repayment of the loans currently outstanding under the Company's Incentive Loan Program before December 31, 2001. Finally, Holdco shall continue, or shall cause the Company to continue, the executive life insurance policies listed in Section 5.9(d) of the Company Disclosure Schedule in effect for the remaining lifetime of the retired executives covered thereby, on the terms and conditions now in effect.

(e) On or before January 31, 2001, Company shall cause Parent to be provided with:

(i) except to the extent already listed on Schedule 3.11(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule a list of all employee benefit plans (as defined in Section(3) of ERISA) and all bonus, stock option, stock purchase, incentive, deferred compensation, supplemental retirement, severance and other similar fringe or employee benefit plans, programs or arrangements maintained or contributed to by the Company or any of its subsidiaries for the benefit of or relating to any employee of the Company, or any of its subsidiaries, excluding plans, programs, agreements and arrangements under which the Company has no remaining obligations, payroll practices, and any plans, programs, agreements and arrangements that are required to be maintained by the Company or any of its subsidiaries under the laws of any foreign jurisdiction;

(ii) a copy of the documents and instruments governing each such plan and the most recent Form 5500 filed with the Internal Revenue Service except to the extent already provided;

(iii) except to the extent already listed in Schedule 3.11(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, (A) all employment agreements with officers of the Company; and (B) all agreements with consultants who are individuals obligating the Company to make annual cash payments in an amount exceeding $30,000. The Company shall make available to Parent copies (or descriptions in detail reasonably satisfactory to Parent) of all such agreements, plans, programs and other arrangements; and

(iv) except to the extent already listed in Section 3.11(d) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, a list of any Employee Plan that is a welfare plan within the meaning of

Section 3(1) of ERISA providing benefits to former employees of the Company or its ERISA Affiliates other than pursuant to Section 4980B of the Code.

ARTICLE 6

CONDITIONS TO CONSUMMATION OF THE LITTON MERGER

(a) this Agreement shall have been approved and adopted, if required, by the requisite vote of the stockholders of the Company;

(b) no statute, rule, regulation, executive, order, decree, ruling or injunction shall have been enacted, entered, promulgated or enforced by any United States court or United States or European Union Governmental Entity which prohibits, restrains or enjoins the consummation of the Litton Merger;

(c) any waiting period applicable to the Litton Merger under the HSR Act shall have terminated or expired and to the extent required, the Commission of the European Union shall have approved the Mergers under Regulation (EEC) No. 4064/89 of the Council of the European Union, or such approval shall have been deemed to have been granted; and

(d) Holdco shall have purchased Shares pursuant to the Offer.

ARTICLE 7

TERMINATION; AMENDMENT; WAIVER

(a) by mutual written consent of Parent, Acquisition I and the Company;

(c) by the Company if (i) there shall have been a breach of any representation or warranty on the part of Parent, Holdco or Acquisition I set forth in this Agreement or if any representation or warranty of Parent, Holdco or Acquisition I shall have become untrue or (ii) there shall have been a breach by Parent, Holdco or Acquisition I of any of their respective covenants or agreements hereunder, where such breaches under clauses (i) or (ii) would have a Parent Material Adverse Effect or materially adversely affecting (or materially delaying) the consummation of the Offer or the Mergers, and Parent, Holdco or Acquisition I, as the case may be, has not cured such breach within twenty business days after notice by the Company thereof; provided, that the Company has not breached any of its obligations hereunder; or

(d) by Parent and Acquisition I if (i) there shall have been a breach of any representation or warranty on the part of the Company set forth in this Agreement or if any representation or warranty of the Company shall have become untrue in either case such that the condition set forth in paragraph (e) of Annex A would be incapable of being satisfied by September 15, 2001, (ii) there shall have been a breach or breaches by the Company of its covenants or agreements hereunder that would have a Company Material Adverse Effect or would materially adversely affect (or materially delay) the consummation of the Offer or the Mergers, and the Company has not cured such breach within twenty business days after notice by Parent or Acquisition I thereof provided that neither Parent nor Acquisition I has breached any of their respective obligations hereunder, (iii) the Company Board shall have entered into, or recommended to the Company's stockholders, a Superior Proposal, (iv) the Company Board shall have withdrawn, modified or changed its approval or recommendation of this Agreement or the Offer or the Mergers or shall have adopted any resolution to effect any of the foregoing or (v) a Third Party Acquisition shall have occurred after the date of the Original Agreement, provided that for purposes of Article 7, the Third Party Acquisition described in clause (iii) of the definition of such term shall be deemed to occur only upon the acquisition by a Third Party of 50% or more of the outstanding Shares.

(e) by the Company if the Company receives a Superior Proposal and resolves to accept such Superior Proposal, but only if (i) the Company has acted in accordance with, and has otherwise complied with the terms of, Section 5.3 hereof, including the notice provisions therein, and (ii) the Company has paid all amounts due to Acquisition I pursuant to Section 7.3.

(a) In the event that this Agreement shall be terminated pursuant to:

(i) Sections 7.1(d)(iii), (iv), (v) or 7.1(e);

(ii) Section 7.1(d)(ii) and within twelve months thereafter the Company enters into an agreement with respect to a Third Party Acquisition or a Third Party Acquisition occurs involving any party (or any affiliate thereof)
(x) with whom the Company (or its agents) had negotiations with a view to a Third Party Acquisition, (y) to whom the Company (or its agents) furnished information with a view to a Third Party Acquisition or (z) who had submitted a proposal for a Third Party Acquisition, in the case of each of clauses (x), (y) and (z), after the date of the Original Agreement and prior to such termination; or

(iii) Section 7.1(b)(ii) at a time when (i) the Minimum Condition is not satisfied, (ii) there shall be outstanding a publicly announced offer by a Third Party to consummate a Third Party Acquisition, and (iii) no other condition to the Offer is unsatisfied, and within twelve months thereafter the Company enters into an agreement with respect to a Third Party Acquisition or a Third Party Acquisition occurs, in either case involving the Third Party referred to above;

Parent and Acquisition I would suffer direct and substantial damages, which damages cannot be determined with reasonable certainty. To compensate Parent and Acquisition I for such damages the Company shall pay to Parent the amount of $110,000,000 as liquidated damages within three business days following (x) a termination referred to in Section 7.3(a)(i) (except as provided in Section 7.1(e), which payment shall be made simultaneously with such termination), or
(y) the entering into of the agreement for a Third Party Acquisition or the occurrence of the Third Party Acquisition which triggers the obligation to make the payment pursuant to Section 7.3(a)(ii) or (iii). In no event shall the Company be obligated to make more than one payment referred to in this Section
7.3(a). It is specifically agreed that the amount to be paid pursuant to this
Section 7.3(a) represents liquidated damages and not a penalty.

(b) Except as specifically provided in this Section 7.3, each party shall bear its own expenses in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby.

ARTICLE 8

MISCELLANEOUS

if to Parent, Holdco or           NORTHROP GRUMMAN
Acquisition I:                    CORPORATION
                                  1840 Century Park East
                                  Los Angeles, California 90067
                                  Telecopier: (310) 556-4558
                                  Attention:  W. Burks Terry

with a copy to:                   Gibson Dunn & Crutcher LLP
                                  333 South Grand Avenue
                                  Los Angeles CA 90071
                                  Telecopier: (213) 229-6159
                                  Attention:  Andrew E. Bogen, Esq.

if to the Company to:             LITTON INDUSTRIES, INC.
                                  21240 Burbank Boulevard
                                  Woodland Hills, California 91367
                                  Telecopier: (818) 598-2025
                                  Attention:  John E. Preston

with a copy to:                   Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz
                                  51 West 52nd Street
                                  New York, New York 10019
                                  Telecopier: (212) 403-2000
                                  Attention:  Daniel A. Neff, Esq.

or to such other address or facsimile as the person to whom notice is given may hereinafter furnish to the others in writing in the manner set forth above.

(a) "affiliate" means a person that, directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries controls, is controlled by or is under common control with the first-mentioned

person, provided, that Unitrin, Inc. and its subsidiaries shall not be considered affiliates of the Company for any purpose under this Agreement;

(b) "business day" means any day other than a day on which the New York Stock Exchange is closed;

(c) "capital stock" means common stock, preferred stock, partnership interests, limited liability company interests or other ownership interests entitling the holder thereof to vote with respect to matters involving the issuer thereof;

(d) "knowledge" or "known" means, with respect to any matter in question, the actual knowledge of an executive officer of the Company or Parent, as the case may be;

(e) "person" means an individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, association, trust, unincorporated organization or other legal entity; and

(f) "subsidiary" or "subsidiaries" of the Company, Parent, Holdco or any other person means any corporation, partnership, limited liability company, association, trust, unincorporated association or other legal entity of which the Company, Parent, Holdco or any such other person, as the case may be, (either alone or through or together with any other subsidiary) owns, directly or indirectly, 50% or more of the capital stock the holders of which are generally entitled to vote for the election of the board of directors or other governing body of such corporation or other legal entity.

[signature page follows]

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the parties has caused this Agreement and Plan of Merger to be duly executed on its behalf as of the day and year first above written.

NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORPORATION

       /s/ ALBERT MYERS
By: _______________________________
       Albert Myers
Name: _____________________________
       Corporate V.P. and Treasurer
Title: ____________________________

LITTON INDUSTRIES, INC.

       /s/ JOHN E. PRESTON
By: _______________________________
       John E. Preston
Name: _____________________________
       Sr. V.P. and General Counsel
Title: ___________________________

NNG, INC.

       /s/ ALBERT MYERS
By: _______________________________
       Albert Myers
Name: _____________________________
       President
Title: ____________________________

LII ACQUISITION CORP.

       /s/ ALBERT MYERS
By: _______________________________
       Albert Myers
Name: _____________________________
       President

ANNEX A

CONDITIONS OF THE OFFER

THE CAPITALIZED TERMS USED HEREIN HAVE THE MEANINGS SET FORTH IN THE
AMENDED AND RESTATED AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER TO WHICH THIS
ANNEX A IS ATTACHED

Notwithstanding any other provisions of the Offer (subject to the terms and conditions of the Agreement and any applicable rules and regulations of the SEC, including Rules 14e-1(c) under the Exchange Act), Holdco shall not be required to accept for payment or pay for, and may delay the acceptance for payment of, any Shares, if (i) any applicable waiting period under the HSR Act or Regulation (EEC) No. 4064/89 of the Council of the European Union shall not have expired or been terminated prior to the expiration of the Offer, (ii) the S-4 shall not have become effective under the Securities Act or shall be the subject of any stop order or proceeding seeking a stop order, (iii) the shares of Holdco Common Stock to be issued in the Offer shall not have been approved for listing on the NYSE, subject to official notice of issuance, (iv) the Minimum Condition is not satisfied or (v) at any time on or after the date hereof and prior to the acceptance for payment of Shares, any of the following conditions shall have occurred and continued to exist:

(a) there shall have been any statute, rule, regulation, judgment, order or injunction enacted or entered and which shall remain in effect by any state or U.S. government or governmental authority or by any state, U.S. or European Union court or any agency or authority of the European Union, other than the routine application to the Offer, the Mergers or other subsequent business combination of waiting periods under the HSR Act or Regulation (EEC) No. 4064/89 of the Council of the European Union, that has the effect of (1) making the acceptance for payment of, or the payment for, some or all of the Shares illegal or otherwise prohibiting consummation of the Offer, (2) imposing limitations on the ability of Holdco or Parent to acquire or hold or to exercise effectively all rights of ownership of the Shares, or effectively to control the business, assets or operations of Parent, the Company and their subsidiaries, of such magnitude as would have a material adverse effect on the business, assets, long- term earning capacity or financial condition of Parent, the Company and their subsidiaries, taken as a whole.

(b) a Company Material Adverse Effect shall have occurred and continued to exist; or

(c) there shall have occurred and continued to exist (i) any general suspension of trading in, or limitation on prices for, securities on the New York Stock Exchange (excluding any coordinated trading halt triggered solely as a result of a specified decrease in a market index and suspensions or limitations resulting from physical damage to or interference with such exchange not related to market conditions), (ii) the declaration of a banking moratorium or any suspension of payments in respect of banks in the United States (whether or not mandatory), (iii) the commencement of a war, armed hostilities or other international or national calamity directly or indirectly involving the United States and having a Company Material Adverse Effect, (iv) any material limitation (whether or not mandatory) by any U.S. governmental authority or agency on the extension of credit by banks or other financial institutions, (v) from the date of the Original Agreement through the date of termination or expiration of the Offer, a

decline of at least 27.5% in the Standard & Poor's 500 Index or (vi) in the case of any of the situations described in clauses (i) through (v) inclusive, existing at the date of the commencement of the Offer, a material acceleration or worsening thereof; or

(d) the Agreement shall have been terminated in accordance with its terms; or

(e) (i) the representations of the Company contained in the Agreement shall not be true and correct at and as of consummation of the Offer with the same effect as if made at and as of such date or if such representations speak as of an earlier date, as of such earlier date, except, in either such case to the extent that the breach thereof would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect, or (ii) the Company shall have failed to comply with its covenants and agreements contained in the Agreement in all material respects;

(f) prior to the purchase of Shares pursuant to the Offer, the Company Board shall have withdrawn or modified (including by amendment of the Schedule 14D-9) in a manner adverse to Holdco its approval or recommendation of the Offer, the Agreement or the Litton Merger or shall have recommended another offer, or shall have adopted any resolution to effect any of the foregoing.

EXHIBIT (d)(5)

STOCKHOLDER'S AGREEMENT

THIS STOCKHOLDER'S AGREEMENT, dated as of January 23, 2001 (the "Agreement"), among Northrop Grumman Corporation, a Delaware corporation ("Parent"), NNG, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a direct wholly owned subsidiary of Parent ("Holdco"), and Unitrin, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Stockholder"), a stockholder of Litton Industries, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"). Terms which are capitalized herein, and which are defined in the Amended Merger Agreement, shall have the meanings therein set forth.

W I T N E S S E T H:

WHEREAS, contemporaneously with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, Parent, Holdco, LII Acquisition Corp., a Delaware Corporation ("Acquisition) and the Company are entering into an Amended and Restated Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of the date hereof (the "Amended Merger Agreement"), which provides for (a) the Offer by Holdco to purchase all of the outstanding Shares and Preferred Shares of the Company, and (b) the mergers (the "Mergers") of: (i) Acquisition with and into the Company (the "Litton Merger") and (ii) a newly organized subsidiary of Holdco with and into Parent (the "Northrop Merger"). As the result of the Offer and the Mergers, all of the outstanding common stock of the Company and Parent will be owned by Holdco, which will change its name to Northrop Grumman Corporation, and each Share outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time, together with the associated Right, (other than Shares held by Holdco and certain other Shares as provided in the Amended Merger Agreement) shall be converted into the right to receive the Cash Consideration.

WHEREAS, as of the date hereof, the Stockholder and certain of its subsidiaries own (beneficially and of record) an aggregate of 12,657,764 Shares (all Shares so owned and which may hereafter be acquired by the Stockholder or any of its subsidiaries prior to the termination of this Agreement, whether upon the exercise of options or by means of purchase, dividend, distribution or otherwise, being referred to herein as the "Owned Shares", and all subsidiaries of the Stockholder owning Shares being referred to herein as the "Stockholder Subsidiaries");

WHEREAS, as a condition to their willingness to enter into the Amended Merger Agreement, Parent, and Holdco have required that the Stockholder enter into this Agreement;

WHEREAS, in order to induce Parent and Holdco to enter into the Amended Merger Agreement, the Stockholder is willing to enter into this Agreement; and

WHEREAS, concurrently with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, Parent, Holdco and the Stockholder are entering into a Registration Rights Agreement and the Stockholder Subsidiaries are delivering to Parent and Holdco their irrevocable proxies, in the form attached hereto as Annex A.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the mutual covenants and agreements herein contained, and intending to be legally bound hereby, Parent, Holdco and the Stockholder hereby agree as follows:

ARTICLE I.

TRANSFER AND VOTING OF SHARES;
AND OTHER COVENANTS OF THE STOCKHOLDER

(a)(i) elect to receive, with respect to not less than 3,000,000 Shares in the aggregate, the Preferred Stock Consideration in exchange therefor; and (ii) specify Alternative A with respect thereto; and

(b) with respect to the remainder of the Owned Shares, (i) elect to receive the Common Stock Consideration in exchange therefor; and (ii) specify Alternative A with respect thereto.

Stockholder shall not and shall cause the Stockholder Subsidiaries not to withdraw such tenders or elections unless this Agreement is terminated in accordance with its terms.

with respect to the Owned Shares owned by it, (iv) deposit the Owned Shares owned by it into a voting trust or enter into a voting agreement or arrangement with respect to the Owned Shares owned by it, or (v) take any other action that would in any way restrict, limit or interfere with the performance of its obligations hereunder or the transactions contemplated hereby or by the Amended Merger Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Stockholder or any of the Stockholder Subsidiaries may transfer all or any part of the Owned Shares to the Stockholder or any direct or indirect subsidiary of the Stockholder, provided that any such subsidiary shall first have delivered its irrevocable proxy to Holdco in the form attached hereto as Annex A.

THE FOREGOING PROXY AND POWER OF ATTORNEY ARE IRREVOCABLE AND COUPLED

WITH AN INTEREST THROUGHOUT THE TERM.

ARTICLE II.

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE STOCKHOLDER

The Stockholder hereby represents and warrants to Parent and Holdco as follows:

(a) The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Stockholder does not, and the performance of this Agreement by the Stockholder will not, (i) conflict with or violate any law applicable to the Stockholder or the Stockholder Subsidiaries or by which the Stockholder or the Stockholder Subsidiaries or the Stockholder's properties is bound or affected or (ii) result in any breach of or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or give to others any rights of termination, acceleration or cancellation of, or result in the creation of a lien or encumbrance on any assets of the Stockholder or the Stockholder Subsidiaries, including, without limitation, the Owned Shares, pursuant to, any note, bond, mortgage, indenture, contract, agreement, lease, license, permit, franchise or other instrument or obligation to which the Stockholder or any of the Stockholder Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Stockholder or any of the Stockholder's or any of the Stockholder Subsidiaries' assets is bound or affected, except for any such breaches, defaults or other occurrences that would not prevent or delay the performance by the Stockholder or any of the Stockholder Subsidiaries of the obligations to be performed by it under this Agreement.

(b) The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Stockholder does not, and the performance of this Agreement by the Stockholder and the Stockholder Subsidiaries will not, require any consent, approval, authorization or permit of, or filing with or notification to, any governmental or regulatory authority (other than any necessary filing under the HSR Act or the Exchange Act or approvals or consents required under applicable antitrust or competition laws), domestic or foreign, except where the failure to obtain such consents, approvals, authorizations or permits, or to make such filings or notifications, would not prevent or delay the performance by the Stockholder or any of the Stockholder Subsidiaries of the Stockholder's obligations under this Agreement.

ARTICLE III.

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF
HOLDCO AND PARENT

Holdco and Parent hereby, jointly and severally, represent and warrant to the Stockholders as follows:

(a) The execution and delivery of this Agreement by each of Holdco and Parent does not, and the performance of this Agreement by each of Holdco and Parent will not, (i) conflict with or violate any law applicable to it or by which it or any of its properties is bound or affected or (ii) result in any breach of or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or

lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or give to others any rights of termination, acceleration or cancellation of, or result in the creation of a lien or encumbrance on any assets of Holdco or Parent pursuant to, any note, bond, mortgage, indenture, contract, agreement, lease, license, permit, franchise or other instrument or obligation to which it is a party or by which Holdco or Parent or any of their assets are bound or affected.

(b) The execution and delivery of this Agreement by Holdco and Parent does not, and the performance of this Agreement by Holdco and Parent will not, require any consent, approval, authorization or permit of, or filing with or notification to, any governmental or regulatory authority (other than any necessary filing under the HSR Act or the Exchange Act or approvals or consents required under applicable antitrust or competition laws), domestic or foreign, except where the failure to obtain such consents, approvals, authorizations or permits, or to make such filings or notifications, would not prevent or delay the performance by such person of its obligations under this Agreement.

ARTICLE IV.

SECURITIES ACT

SECTION 4.1. Stockholder acknowledges that it has been advised by its counsel as to its ability and the ability of the Stockholder Subsidiaries to offer or sell shares of Holdco Common Stock or Holdco Preferred Stock without registration under the Securities Act of 1933. The Stockholder shall not, and it shall cause each of the Stockholder subsidiaries not to, acquire Holdco Common Stock or Holdco Preferred Stock pursuant to the Offer with a view to distribution, except in compliance with such Act.

ARTICLE V.

MISCELLANEOUS

Preferred Stock) pursuant to the Offer; (b) the acquisition of Holdco Common Stock pursuant to any stock dividend, stock split or other distribution made ratably to the stockholders of Holdco; (c) the repurchase by Holdco of its capital stock, by tender offer or otherwise or (d) any other action on the part of Holdco; and none of the foregoing shall cause the rights issued pursuant to the Holdco Rights Agreement to be distributed or become exercisable.

(a)  If to Parent or Holdco:       Northrop Grumman Corporation
                                   1840 Century Park East
                                   Los Angeles, California  90067
                                   Telecopier: 310-556-4558
                                   Attention: W. Burks Terry

     with a copy to:               Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP
                                   333 South Grand Avenue
                                   Los Angeles, CA 90071
                                   Telecopier: 213-229-6159
                                   Attention: Andrew E. Bogen

(b)  If to the Stockholder:        Unitrin, Inc.
                                   One East Wacker Drive
                                   Chicago, Illinois
                                   Telecopier: (312) 661-4610
                                   Attention: Eric J. Draut

    with a copy to:                Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher &
                                   Flom (Illinois)
                                   333 W. Wacker Drive
                                   Chicago, IL 60606
                                   Telecopier: 312-407-0411
                                   Attention: Charles L. Mulaney, Jr.
                                              Brian W. Duwe

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Parent, Holdco and the Stockholder have caused this Agreement to be executed as of the date first written above.

NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORPORATION

       /s/ ALBERT MYERS
By:    _____________________
       Albert Myers
Name:  _____________________
       Corp. V.P. & Treasurer
Title: _____________________

NNG, INC.

       /s/ ALBERT MYERS
By:    _____________________
       Albert Myers
Name:  _____________________
       President
Title: _____________________

UNITRIN, INC.

       /s/ ERIC J. DRAUT
By:    _____________________
       Eric J. Draut
Name:  _____________________
       Senior Vice President and
       Chief Financial Officer
Title: _____________________

Annex A

FORM OF STOCKHOLDER SUBSIDIARY PROXY

Pursuant to the Stockholders Agreement dated as of January ___, 2001, (the "Agreement") among Northrop Grumman Corporation ("Parent"), NNG, Inc. ("Holdco"), and Unitrin, Inc. (the "Stockholder"), the undersigned ____________, a ________________ corporation, hereby revokes any and all prior proxies or powers of attorney in respect of any of the Subject Owned Shares, as defined below, and constitutes and appoints Holdco and Parent or any company of Holdco and Parent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution at any time during the Term, as its true and lawful attorney ("Proxy"), for and in its name, place and stead, to vote each of the Subject Owned Shares as its Proxy at every annual, special, adjourned or postponed meeting of the Stockholders of the Company, only as to the matters and in the manner provided in Section 1.2 of the Stockholders Agreement.

This proxy and power of attorney are irrevocable and coupled with an interest throughout the Term, but shall be revoked, terminated and of no further force and effect automatically, and without further action of the parties, upon the termination of the Agreement or the Stockholder's and the Stockholder Subsidiaries' covenants and agreements in Articles I, II and IV of the Agreement.

The undersigned represents and warrants that it is the owner, beneficially and of record of ___________________ Shares. Such Shares are referred to herein as the "Subject Owned Shares".

Terms used herein which are capitalized and which are in the Stockholders Agreement shall have the meanings therein specified.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has executed this irrevocable proxy the ______day of January, 2001.

By: ______________________ Name: ______________________ Title: ______________________

EXHIBIT (d)(6)

REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT

Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of January 23, 2001, by and among Northrop Grumman Corporation, a Delaware corporation ("Parent"), NNG, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Holdco"), and Unitrin, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Unitrin"). Terms which are capitalized herein, and which are defined in the Amended Merger Agreement, shall have the meanings therein set forth.

WITNESSETH:

WHEREAS, contemporaneously with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, Parent, Holdco, LII Acquisition Corporation, a Delaware corporation ("Acquisition I") and Litton Industries, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company") are entering into an Amended and Restated Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of the date hereof (the "Amended Merger Agreement"), which provides for (a) the Offer by Holdco in which each Share together with the associated Right accepted by Holdco in accordance with the terms of the Offer will be exchanged for the right to receive from Holdco, at the election of the holder of such Share: (x) the Cash Consideration, (y) the Common Stock Consideration, or (z) the Preferred Stock Consideration, subject to proration as provided in the Offer;

WHEREAS, immediately prior to the purchase of Shares in the Offer a newly organized subsidiary of Holdco will be merged with and into Parent in the Northrop Merger and will change its name to Northrop Grumman Corporation and following the purchase of Shares in the Offer, Acquisition I will be merged with and into the Company in the Litton Merger with the result that Parent and the Company as the surviving corporations in the Mergers will become wholly owned subsidiaries of Holdco;

WHEREAS, contemporaneously with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, Parent, Holdco, Acquisition I and Unitrin are entering into a Stockholder's Agreement pursuant to which Unitrin agrees to elect to receive Holdco Common Stock and Holdco Preferred Stock in the Offer;

WHEREAS, in order to induce Unitrin to enter into the Stockholder's Agreement and to agree to receive Holdco Common Stock and Holdco Preferred Stock in the Offer, Parent and Holdco have agreed to provide the registration rights set forth in this Agreement with respect to such securities.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the covenants hereinafter contained, it is agreed as follows:

1. DEFINITIONS. Unless otherwise defined herein, terms defined in the Amended Merger Agreement are used herein as therein defined, and the following shall have (unless otherwise provided elsewhere in this Agreement) the following respective meanings (such meanings being equally applicable to both the singular and plural form of the terms defined):

"Agreement" shall mean this Registration Rights Agreement, including all amendments, modifications and supplements and any exhibits or schedules to any of the foregoing, and shall refer to the Agreement as the same may be in effect at the time such reference becomes operative.

"Approved Transferee" shall mean any transferee of at least 25% of the outstanding Holdco Preferred Stock or 25% of the Registrable Securities.

"Business Day" shall mean any day that is not a Saturday, a Sunday or a day on which banks are required or permitted to be closed in the State of New York.

"Commission" shall mean the Securities and Exchange Commission or any other federal agency then administering the Securities Act and other federal securities laws.

"Conversion Shares" shall mean shares of Holdco Common Stock issued upon conversion, redemption or exchange of shares of Holdco Preferred Stock in accordance with the terms of the Holdco Preferred Stock.

"Exchange Act" shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or any successor federal statute, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, all as the same shall be in effect from time to time.

"Holder" shall mean Unitrin and its subsidiaries that hold shares of Holdco Common Stock or Holdco Preferred Stock received in the Offer or Conversion Shares and any affiliate or Approved Transferee of Unitrin to which such securities have been assigned or transferred.

"Majority Holders" shall mean the remaining Holders holding at the time, shares of Holdco Common Stock or Holdco Preferred Stock or Conversion Shares representing more than 50% of the sum of (x) the shares of Holdco Common Stock issued to Unitrin and its subsidiaries in the Offer and held by Holders at the time of determination, (y) all then outstanding Conversion Shares and held by Holders at the time of determination and (z) all shares of Common Stock issuable to the holders of then-outstanding Holdco Preferred Stock upon the conversion thereof.

"NASD" shall mean the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., or any successor corporation thereto.

"Registrable Securities" shall mean the shares of Holdco Common Stock and Holdco Preferred Stock received by Unitrin and its subsidiaries in the Offer and the Conversion Shares. As to any particular Registrable Securities held by any Holder, such securities shall cease to constitute Registrable Securities when (A) a registration statement with respect to the sale of such securities shall have been declared effective under the Securities Act and such securities shall have been disposed of in accordance with the plan of distribution contemplated by the registration statement or (B) such securities shall have ceased to be issued and outstanding.

"Securities Act" shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or any successor federal statute, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, all as the same shall be in effect from time to time.

2. REQUIRED REGISTRATION. After receipt of a written request from the Holders of Registrable Securities requesting that Holdco effect a registration under the Securities Act of Registrable Securities having a minimum anticipated aggregate offering price of $100,000,000, and specifying the intended method or methods of disposition thereof, Holdco shall promptly notify all Holders in writing of the receipt of such request and each such Holder, in lieu of exercising its rights under Section 3 may elect (by written notice sent to Holdco within 10 Business Days from the date of such Holder's receipt of the aforementioned Holdco's notice) to have Registrable Securities included in such registration pursuant to this Section 2. Thereupon, Holdco shall, as expeditiously as is possible, use its commercially reasonable efforts to effect the registration under the Securities Act of all shares of Registrable Securities which Holdco has been so requested to register by such Holders for sale, all to the extent required to permit the disposition (in accordance with the intended method or methods thereof, as aforesaid) of the Registrable Securities so registered; provided, however, that Holdco shall not be required to effect more than three (3) registrations of any Registrable Securities pursuant to this Section 2, it being understood that each such registration right shall be deemed used only upon such registration becoming and remaining effective in accordance with the terms hereof.

3. INCIDENTAL REGISTRATION. If Holdco at any time proposes to file on its behalf and/or on behalf of any of its security holders (the "demanding security holders") a registration statement under the Securities Act on any form (other than a registration statement on Form S-4 or S-8 or any successor form for securities to be offered in a transaction of the type referred to in Rule 145 under the Securities Act or to employees of Holdco or any of its subsidiaries pursuant to any employee benefit plan, respectively) for the general registration of securities, it will give written notice to all Holders at least 15 Business Days before the initial filing with the Commission of such registration statement, which notice shall set forth the intended method of disposition of the securities proposed to be registered by Holdco. The notice shall offer to include in such filing the aggregate number of shares of Registrable Securities as such Holders may request.

Each Holder desiring to have Registrable Securities registered under this
Section 3 shall advise Holdco in writing within 10 Business Days after the date of receipt of such offer from Holdco, setting forth the amount of such Registrable Securities for which registration is requested. Holdco shall thereupon include in such filing the number of shares of Registrable Securities for which registration is so requested, subject to the next sentence, provided that Holdco may in its sole discretion determine to abandon any such registration. If the managing underwriter of a proposed underwritten public offering shall advise Holdco in writing that, in its opinion, the distribution of the Registrable Securities requested to be included in the registration concurrently with the securities being registered by Holdco or such demanding security holder would adversely affect the distribution of such securities by Holdco or such demanding security holder, then all selling security holders (including the demanding security holder who initially requested such registration) shall reduce the amount of securities each intended to distribute through such offering on a pro rata basis to the extent required, in the opinion of such managing underwriter, to eliminate such adverse effect. Except as otherwise provided in Section 5, all expenses of such registration shall be borne by Holdco.

4. REGISTRATION PROCEDURES. If Holdco is required by the provisions of
Section 2 or 3 to effect the registration of any of its securities under the Securities Act, Holdco will, as expeditiously as possible:

(a) prepare and file with the Commission a registration statement with respect to such securities and use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause such registration statement to become and remain effective for a period of time required for the disposition of such securities by the holders thereof, but not to exceed 120 days;

(b) prepare and file with the Commission such amendments and supplements to such registration statement and the prospectus used in connection therewith as may be necessary to keep such registration statement effective and to comply with the provisions of the Securities Act with respect to the sale or other disposition of all securities covered by such registration statement until the earlier of such time as all of such securities have been disposed of in a public offering or the expiration of 120 days;

(c) furnish to such selling security holders such number of copies of a summary prospectus or other prospectus, including a preliminary prospectus, in conformity with the requirements of the Securities Act, and such other documents, as such selling security holders may reasonably request;

(d) use its commercially reasonable efforts to register or qualify the securities covered by such registration statement under such other securities or blue sky laws of such jurisdictions within the United States and Puerto Rico as each holder of such securities shall request (provided, however, that Holdco shall not be obligated to qualify as a foreign corporation to do business under the laws of any jurisdiction in which it is not then qualified or to file any general consent to service or process), and do such other reasonable acts and things as may be required of it to enable such holder to consummate the disposition in such jurisdiction of the securities covered by such registration statement;

(e) furnish, at the request of any Holder requesting registration of Registrable Securities pursuant to Section 2, on the date that such shares of Registrable Securities are delivered to the underwriters for sale pursuant to such registration or, if such Registrable Securities are not being sold through underwriters, on the date that the registration statement with respect to such shares of Registrable Securities becomes effective under the Securities Act, (1) an opinion, dated such date, of the independent counsel representing Holdco for the purposes of such registration, addressed to the underwriters, if any, and to the Holders making such request, in customary form and covering matters of the type customarily covered in such legal opinions; and (2) a comfort letter dated such date, from the independent accountants of Holdco, addressed to the underwriters, if any, and to the Holder making such request and, if such accountants refuse to deliver such letter to such Holder, then to Holdco, in a customary form and covering matters of the type customarily covered by such comfort letters and as the underwriters or such Holder shall reasonably request;

(f) enter into customary agreements (including an underwriting agreement in customary form) and take such other actions as are reasonably required in order to expedite or facilitate the disposition of such Registrable Securities;

(g) otherwise comply with all applicable rules and regulations of the Commission, and make available to its security holders, as soon as reasonably practicable, but not later than 18 months after the effective date of the registration statement, an earnings statement covering the period of at least 12 months beginning with the first full month after the effective date of such registration statement, which earnings statement shall satisfy the provisions of
Section 11(a) of the Securities Act;

(h) make reasonably available to its senior executives and other employees and otherwise provide such assistance to the underwriters as they may reasonably request in the marketing of the Registrable Securities in an underwritten offering, including in connection with any "road show;"

(i) notify each Holder of Registrable Securities covered by any registration statement of any event which results in the prospectus included in such registration statement, as then in effect, containing an untrue statement of a material fact or omitting to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading and thereafter promptly prepare and furnish, after securing such approvals as may be necessary, to such Holder a reasonable number of copies of any supplement to or amendment of such prospectus that may be necessary so that, as thereafter delivered to the purchasers of such Registrable Securities, such prospectus shall not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; and

(j) notify each Holder of Registrable Securities covered by any registration statement of any stop order or similar proceeding initiated by state or federal regulatory bodies and use its commercially reasonable efforts to take all necessary steps expeditiously to remove such stop order or similar proceeding.

It shall be a condition precedent to the obligation of Holdco to take any action pursuant to this Agreement in respect of the Registrable Securities which are to be registered at the request of any Holder that such Holder shall (i) furnish to Holdco such information regarding the Registrable Securities and other securities of Holdco held by such Holder and the intended method of disposition of the Registrable Securities as Holdco shall reasonably request and as shall be required in connection with the action taken by Holdco and (ii) in connection with an underwritten offering, enter into customary agreements (including an underwriting agreement and a custody agreement, each in customary form, and a lock-up agreement with respect to such holder's equity securities of Holdco as may be reasonably requested by the managing underwriter). The method of distribution shall be an underwritten offering if so requested by the Holders.

5. EXPENSES. All expenses incurred in complying with this Agreement, including, without limitation, all registration and filing fees (including all expenses incident to filing with the NASD and to the inclusion of the Registrable Securities on the NYSE), printing and distribution expenses, fees and disbursements of counsel for Holdco, the reasonable fees and expenses of one counsel for the selling security holders (selected by those holding a majority of the securities being registered), expenses of the preparation and delivery of certificates for the Offered Securities, expenses of any special audits incident to or required by any such

registration, any marketing or road show expenses, and expenses of complying with the securities or blue sky laws of any jurisdiction pursuant to Section
4(d), shall be paid by Parent, except that Holdco shall not be liable for any fees, discounts or commissions to any underwriter or any fees or disbursements of counsel for any underwriter in respect of the securities sold by such Holder.

6. INDEMNIFICATION AND CONTRIBUTION.

(a) In the event of any registration of any Registrable Securities under the Securities Act pursuant to this Agreement, Holdco shall indemnify and hold harmless the holder of such Registrable Securities, such holder's directors and officers, and each other person (including each underwriter) who participated in the offering of such Registrable Securities and each other person, if any, who controls such holder or such participating person within the meaning of the Securities Act, against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities, joint or several, (including any reasonable investigation, legal and other expenses incurred in connection with, and any amount paid in settlement of, any action, suit or proceeding or claim asserted) to which such Holder or any such director or officer or participating person or controlling person may become subject under the Securities Act or any other statute or at common law, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon (i) any alleged untrue statement of any material fact contained in any registration statement under which such securities were registered under the Securities Act, any preliminary prospectus or final prospectus contained therein, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or (ii) any alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and shall reimburse such Holder or such director, officer or participating person or controlling person for any legal or any other expenses reasonably incurred by such holder or such director, officer or participating person or controlling person in connection with investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action; provided, however, that Holdco shall not be liable in any such case to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage or liability arises out of or is based upon any actual or alleged untrue statement or actual or alleged omission made in such registration statement, preliminary prospectus, prospectus or amendment or supplement (X) in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to Holdco by such Holder specifically for use therein or (in the case of any registration pursuant to
Section 2 so furnished for such purposes by any underwriter or (Y) if any such untrue statement or omission is made in any such preliminary prospectus and such Holder, being obligated to do so, failed to deliver a copy of the final prospectus prior to or concurrently with the sale of the Registrable Securities to the person asserting such loss, claim, damage or liability after Holdco had furnished such Holder with a sufficient number of copies of the same within a reasonably sufficient time period prior to such sale and the final prospectus corrected such untrue statement or omission. Such indemnity shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of such holder or such director, officer or participating person or controlling person, and shall survive the transfer of such securities by such Holder.

(b) Each Holder, by acceptance hereof, agrees to indemnify and hold harmless Holdco, its directors and officers and each other person, if any, who controls Holdco within the meaning of the Securities Act against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities, joint or several, (including any reasonable investigation, legal and other expenses incurred in connection with,

and any amount paid in settlement of, any action, suit or proceeding or claim asserted) to which Holdco or any such director or officer or any such person may become subject under the Securities Act or any other statute or at common law, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon information provided in writing to Holdco by such Holder specifically for use in any registration statement under which securities were registered under the Securities Act at the request of such Holder, any preliminary prospectus or final prospectus contained therein, or any amendment or supplement thereto, but in an amount not to exceed the net proceeds received by such Holder in the offering.

(c) If the indemnification provided for in this Section 6 from the indemnifying party is unavailable to an indemnified party hereunder in respect of any losses, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses referred to therein, then the indemnifying party, in lieu of indemnifying such indemnified party, shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative fault of the indemnifying party and indemnified parties in connection with the actions which resulted in such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative fault of such indemnifying party and indemnified parties shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether any action in question, including any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission to state a material fact, has been made by, or relates to information supplied by, such indemnifying party or indemnified parties, and the parties' relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such action. The amount paid or payable by a party as a result of the losses, claims, damages, liabilities and expenses referred to above shall be deemed to include any legal or other fees or expenses reasonably incurred by such party in connection with any investigation or proceeding. The liability of any Holder of Registrable Securities hereunder shall not exceed the net proceeds received by it in the offering.

The parties hereto agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 6(c) were determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in the immediately preceding paragraph. No Person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any Person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.

7. LISTING ON SECURITIES EXCHANGE. Holdco will, at its expense, list on the NYSE (or such other principal exchange on which it lists its Common Stock) and maintain such listing of all shares of Holdco Common Stock and Conversion Shares issued to Holders in the Offer or issuable upon conversion of the Holdco Preferred Stock so long as any shares of Holdco Common Stock shall be so listed.

8. CERTAIN LIMITATIONS ON REGISTRATION RIGHTS. Notwithstanding the other provisions of this Agreement:

(a) Holdco shall not be obligated to register the Registrable Securities of any Holder if, in the opinion of counsel to Holdco reasonably satisfactory to the Holder and its counsel (or, if the Holder has engaged an investment banking firm, to such investment banking

(b) Holdco shall not be obligated to register the Registrable Securities of any Holder sought to be registered pursuant to Section 2 if Holdco has had a registration statement, under which such Holder had a right to have all such Registrable Securities included pursuant to Section 2 or 3, declared effective within six months prior to the date of the request pursuant to Section 2.

(c) Holdco shall have the right to delay the filing or effectiveness of a registration statement required pursuant to Section 2 for up to 75 days in the event that (i) Holdco would, in accordance with the advice of its counsel, be required to disclose in the prospectus information not otherwise then required by law to be publicly disclosed and (ii) in the reasonable judgment of Parent's Board of Directors, there is a reasonable likelihood that such disclosure, or any other action to be taken in connection with the prospectus, would materially and adversely affect any existing or pending material business transaction or negotiation or otherwise materially and adversely affect Parent; provided, however, Holdco may not exercise such right more than twice with respect to any registration requested pursuant to Section 2.

9. SELECTION OF MANAGING UNDERWRITERS. In any underwritten offering of Registrable Securities to be registered pursuant to Section 2, Unitrin and Holdco shall each select one joint book-running lead manager.

10. HOLDBACK AGREEMENTS. Each Holder of Registrable Securities covered by a registration statement pursuant to Section 2 or 3 agrees, if requested by Holdco or the managing underwriter of an underwritten offering, not to effect any sale or other distribution of equity securities of the Company during the 7 day period prior to, and during the 90 day period beginning with, the effectiveness of such registration statement.

11. MISCELLANEOUS.

(a) NO INCONSISTENT AGREEMENTS. Holdco will not hereafter enter into any agreement with respect to its securities which is inconsistent with the rights granted to the Holders in this Agreement.

(b) REMEDIES. Each Holder, in addition to being entitled to exercise all rights granted by law, including recovery of damages, will be entitled to specific performance of its rights under this Agreement. Holdco agrees that monetary damages would not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of a breach by it of the provisions of this Agreement and hereby agrees to waive the defense in any action for specific performance that a remedy at law would be adequate. In any action or proceeding brought to enforce any provision of this Agreement or where any provision hereof is validly asserted as a defense, the successful

party shall be entitled to recover reasonable attorneys' fees in addition to any other available remedy.

(c) AMENDMENTS. This Agreement and all other Agreements may be amended or modified with the written consent of Holdco and the Majority Holders.

(d) NOTICE GENERALLY. Any notice, demand, request, consent, approval, declaration, delivery or other communication hereunder to be made pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement shall be sufficiently given or made if in writing and either delivered in person with receipt acknowledged or sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, or by telecopy and confirmed by telecopy answerback, addressed as follows:

(i) If to any Holder, at

Unitrin, Inc.
One Wacker Drive
Chicago, Illinois 06601 Attention: Eric J. Draut Facsimile No.: (312) 661-4610

with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:

Skadden, Arps, State, Meagher & Flom (Illinois) 333 W. Wacker Drive Chicago, Illinois 06606 Attention: Charles W. Mulaney, Jr.

Brian W. Duwe
Facsimile No.: (312) 407-0411

(ii) If to Parent or Holdco, at

Northrop Grumman Corporation 1840 Century Park East Los Angeles, California 90067 Attention: W. Burks Terry Facsimile No.: (310) 556-4558

with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:

Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP 333 South Grand Avenue Los Angeles, California 90071-3197 Attention: Andrew E. Bogen, Esq.

Facsimile No.: (213) 229-7520

or at such other address as may be substituted by notice given as herein provided. The giving of any notice required hereunder may be waived in writing by the party entitled to receive such notice. Every notice, demand, request, consent, approval, declaration, delivery or other

communication hereunder shall be deemed to have been duly given or served on the date on which personally delivered, with receipt acknowledged, telecopied and confirmed by telecopy answerback or three Business Days after the same shall have been deposited in the United States mail.

(e) RULE 144. So long as Holdco is subject to the reporting requirements under the Exchange Act, it shall comply with such requirements so as to permit sales of Registrable Securities by the Holders thereof pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act. Upon the request of any Holder, Holdco will deliver to such Holder a written statement as to whether it is in compliance with the reporting requirements of Rule 144 under the Securities Act.

(f) SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the successors and permitted assigns of each of the parties hereto, including any Approved Transferee.

(g) HEADINGS. The headings in this Agreement are for convenience of reference only and shall not limit or otherwise affect the meaning hereof.

(h) GOVERNING LAW; JURISDICTION. This Agreement shall be governed by, construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware without giving effect to the conflict of laws principles thereof.

(i) SEVERABILITY. Wherever possible, each provision of this Agreement shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, but if any provision of this Agreement shall be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision shall be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder of such provision or the remaining provisions of this Agreement.

(j) ENTIRE AGREEMENT. This Agreement, together with the Purchase Agreement, represents the complete agreement and understanding of the parties hereto in respect of the subject matter contained herein and therein. This Agreement supersedes all prior agreements and understandings between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as of the date first above written.

NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORPORATION

       /s/ ALBERT MYERS
By:_____________________________
Name:  Albert Myers
Title: Corp. V.P. & Treasurer

NNG, INC.

       /s/ ALBERT MYERS
By:_____________________________
Name:  Albert Myers
Title: President

UNITRIN, INC.

       /s/ ERIC J. DRAUT
By:_____________________________
Name:  Eric J. Draut
Title: Senior Vice President and
       Chief Financial Officer