Securities Act File No.
ICA No.
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 15, 2011
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM N-1A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 x
Pre-Effective Amendment No. ______
Post-Effective Amendment No. __ ___
and/or
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940 x
Amendment No.
(Check Appropriate Box or Boxes)
Northern Lights Fund Trust II
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
4020 South 147 th Street
Omaha, NE 68137
Attention: Michael Miola
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)(Zip Code)
(402) 895-1600
(Registrant's Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
The Corporation Trust Company
Corporate Trust Center
1209 Orange Street
Wilmington, DE 19801
(Name and Address of Agent for Service)
With a copy to :
|
|
David Baum, Esq. Alston & Bird, LLP 950 F Street NW Washington, D. D. 20004 (202) 239-3346 |
Emile R. Molineaux, General Counsel Gemini Fund Services, LLC 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, New York 11788 (631) 470-2616 |
Approximate Date of Proposed Public Offering:
It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box):
( )
immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b).
( )
on (date) pursuant to paragraph (b).
( )
60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1).
( )
on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(1).
( )
75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2).
( )
on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of Rule 485.
If appropriate, check the following box:
( ) this post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment.
Pursuant to Rule 24f-2 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, Registrant hereby elects to register an indefinite number of shares of Registrant and any series thereof hereinafter created.
REGISTRANT HEREBY AMENDS THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT ON SUCH DATE OR DATES AS MAY BE NECESSARY TO DELAY ITS EFFECTIVE DATE UNTIL THE REGISTRANT SHALL FILE A FURTHER AMENDMENT WHICH SPECIFICALLY STATES THAT THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL THEREAFTER BECOME EFFECTIVE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 8(A) OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 OR UNTIL THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL BECOME EFFECTIVE ON SUCH DATE AS THE COMMISSION, ACTING PURSUANT TO SAID SECTION 8(A), MAY DETERMINE.
The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state in which the offer or sale is not permitted.
Subject to Completion
Preliminary Prospectus Dated [ ], 2011
Alternative Strategies Mutual Fund
Class I Shares (Symbol: AASFX)
Class A Shares (Symbol: AASAX)
Class C Shares (Symbol: XXXX)
Prospectus
July 1, 2011
The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has not approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this Prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Alternative Strategies Mutual Fund
a series of the Northern Lights Fund Trust II (the Trust)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SUMMARY SECTION
INVESTMENT STRATEGIES, RELATED RISKS AND DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS
OVERVIEW: THE MANAGER OF MANAGERS APPROACH
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE
PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
GENERAL INVESTMENT POLICIES OF THE FUND
PRINCIPAL RISKS OF INVESTING IN THE FUND
PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS INFORMATION
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND
THE ADVISOR
THE SUB-ADVISORS
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION
CHOOSING A SHARE CLASS
MORE ABOUT CLASS A SHARES
SHARE PRICE
HOW TO PURCHASE SHARES
HOW TO REDEEM SHARES
REDEMPTION FEE
TOOLS TO COMBAT FREQUENT TRANSACTIONS
OTHER FUND POLICIES
DISTRIBUTION OF FUND SHARES
DISTRIBUTIONS AND TAXES
DISTRIBUTIONS
TAX CONSEQUENCES
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
PRIVACY NOTICE
Summary Section
Investment Objective. The investment objective of the Alternative Strategies Mutual Fund (the Fund) is long-term capital appreciation with low correlation to broad market indices.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund. This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for sales charge discounts on Class A shares if you invest, or agree to invest in the future, at least $100,000 in the Fund. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial professional and under Shareholder Information More About Class A Shares beginning on page 21 of this Prospectus and under Purchase and Redemption of Fund Shares Sales Charge on Class A Shares beginning on page B-48 of the Funds SAI.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) |
Class A |
Class I |
Class C |
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases (as a percentage of offering price) |
5.75% |
None |
None |
Redemption Fee (as a percentage of amount redeemed within 30 days of purchase) |
2.00% |
2.00% |
2.00% |
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
|
|
|
Management Fees |
1.95% |
1.95% |
1.95% |
Distribution and Service (Rule 12b-1) Fees |
0.25% |
None |
1.00% |
Other Expenses (including Dividends on Short Positions and Remainder of Other Expenses) (1) |
% |
% |
[%] |
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses ( 2 ) |
% |
% |
[%] |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
% |
% |
[%] |
Fee Waiver/Expense Reimbursement |
% |
% |
[%] |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver/Expense Reimbursement ( 3 ) |
% |
% |
[%] |
(1) These expenses, which include custodian, transfer agency, shareholder servicing, and other direct fund expenses, as well as the indirect costs of investing in other mutual funds and dividend expense on securities sold short, are based on estimated amounts for the Funds current fiscal year.
( 2 ) Please note that the Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses in the table above do not correlate to the ratio of Expenses to Average Net Assets found within the Financial Highlights section of this prospectus, which do not include Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses.
( 3 ) Pursuant to an operating expense limitation agreement between Ascentia Capital Partners, LLC (the Advisor) and the Fund, the Advisor has agreed to waive its fees and/or absorb expenses of the Fund to ensure that Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses (excluding interest and tax expenses, dividends on short positions and Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses) for the Fund do not exceed 2.75%, 2.50% and [__%] of the Funds average net assets, for Class A, Class I and Class C shares, respectively, through August 31, 201 2, subject thereafter to annual re-approval of the agreement by the Trusts Board of Trustees (the Board of Trustees). This operating expense limitation agreement can be terminated only by, or with the consent of, the Board of Trustees. The Advisor is permitted to seek reimbursement from the Fund, subject to limitations, for fees it waived and Fund expenses it paid. The Advisor is permitted to seek reimbursement from the Fund for the prior three fiscal years, as long as the reimbursement does not cause the Funds operating expenses to exceed the expense cap.
Example. This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Funds operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions, your costs would be:
|
One Year |
Three Years |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Class A |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
Class I |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
Class C |
[$] |
[$] |
[$] |
[$] |
Portfolio Turnover. The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Predecessor Funds portfolio turnover rate was 224% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies. The Advisor is responsible for developing, constructing and monitoring the asset allocation and portfolio strategy for the Fund. The Advisor believes that the Funds investment reward and risk characteristics can be enhanced by employing multiple sub-advisory firms to manage the assets of the Fund using a manager of managers approach. The Advisor selects and oversees multiple sub-advisors who manage separate segments of the Funds portfolio using distinct, complimentary, investment styles.
To achieve its investment objective the Fund primarily invests in a variety of securities, including exchange-traded funds (ETFs) that are used to implement multiple alternative investment strategies in the Fund. The Fund may take both long and short positions in equity securities, including common and preferred stock of U.S. companies, convertible securities, equity swaps and foreign securities. A long position is the purchase of an investment with the expectation that it will rise in value. A short position is the sale of a borrowed investment with the expectation that it will decline in value. The Fund may have up to 50% of its assets invested in foreign securities, including, but not limited to, American depositary receipts (ADRs) and securities in emerging markets. The Fund is generally not constrained among the other types of equity securities in which it may invest. The Fund may invest in companies of any size (from small-cap to mid-cap to large-cap) and in any style (from growth to value). The Fund may invest up to 50% of the Funds net assets in derivative securities of any kind. The Funds investments in derivative securities are expected to consist primarily of future contracts on financial and commodity markets as well as equity swap transactions. The Fund uses derivative investments to increase the potential return on an investment, otherwise known as leverage. The use of leverage generates returns that are more pronounced, both positively and negatively, than what would be generated on invested capital without leverage, thus changing small market movements into larger changes in the value of the investments.
The Fund combines the attributes of alternative investment strategies with the shareholder features of a mutual fund. The Advisor and sub-advisors determine whether to buy or sell an investment for the Funds portfolio by applying the following strategies:
·
Long/Short Equity Strategies. Long/Short equity strategies consists of equity strategies that combine core long holdings of equities with short sales of stock or stock index options. Additionally, the long/short strategy may utilize securities that seek to track indexes on markets, sectors, and/or industries to hedge against potential adverse movements in security prices. There are multiple versions of this core strategy category that can be implemented in the Fund. The basic long/short equity strategies generally increases net long exposure in bull markets and decreases net long exposure, or even may be net short, in a bear market. The long/short equity strategies may use equity swaps, or other derivatives, in addition to or in lieu of investing in long or short positions in individual securities or securities indices.
·
Market Neutral Strategies. Market neutral strategies employ sophisticated quantitative techniques to analyze price data to ascertain information about future price movement and relationships between securities and select securities for purchase and sale. These can include both factor-based and statistical arbitrage/trading strategies. Factor-based strategies are those which use fundamental data, such as price to earnings ratios and dividend yields, as their inputs to find securities that are either attractive or unattractive based upon these fundamental metrics, and which are typically paired as one long position and one short position in equal dollar amounts, so as to be market neutral when combined. Statistical arbitrage/trading strategies are those which use statistical data, such as statistical measures of a securitys return and risk characteristics as their inputs instead of fundamental data to achieve the same dollar neutral strategy and objective.
·
Convertible Arbitrage Strategy. The convertible arbitrage strategy involves purchasing interest-bearing convertible debentures and/or high yielding, convertible preferred stocks. These long convertible positions are then hedged against stock market risk by selling short a percentage of the underlying common stock and/or by writing equity call options. Current income is derived from coupon interest and preferred dividends received from the convertible securities held long. Income is also generated from the rebate interest received from the proceeds of the short sale of common stock and/or any option premium. Investment decisions are based upon the price relationships between convertible securities and their underlying stocks in the context of the current market environment. Convertible hedge positions are purchased if they demonstrate a favorable risk/reward profile when analyzed against different market scenarios.
·
Event Driven/Merger Arbitrage Strategies. Event driven/merger arbitrage strategies focus on positions in companies currently or prospectively involved in corporate transactions of a wide variety including but not limited to mergers, restructurings, financial distress, tender offers, shareholder buybacks, debt exchanges, security issuance or other capital structure adjustments. Security types can range from most senior in the capital structure to most junior or subordinated, and frequently involve additional derivative securities. Investment themes are typically developed by the sub-advisor on fundamental characteristics, such as attractive valuations relative to competition and, with the realization of the theme resulting from an event associated with the company or security such as announced mergers that are friendly but yet to be consummated. Merger arbitrage strategies employ an investment process primarily focused on opportunities in equity and equity related instruments of companies which are currently engaged in a corporate transaction.
·
International/Emerging Markets Strategies . The international/emerging markets strategies seek to invest in securities of undervalued international companies, including ADRs that provide the Fund with exposure to businesses outside of the U.S. and that are attractively priced relative to their economic fundamentals. Investments are selected using fundamental analysis of factors such as earnings, cash flows, and valuations based upon them, and are diversified among the economic and industry sectors in the Morgan Stanley Capital International Europe, Australasia and Far East Index (MSCI EAFE) and Emerging Markets Index (MSCI EM).
·
Global Macro Strategies. The global macro strategies consist of strategies that allocate capital to multiple independent proprietary technical and fundamental valuation models applied both long and short to equity, fixed income, currency and commodity markets globally. The objective of the global macro strategy is to remain current with primary market trends. Global macro can be implemented with multiple disciplines, resulting in a blend of approaches to maintain proper weights between discretionary decisions and data-driven decisions to achieve superior risk-adjusted returns. Top down investment themes and risk management are the focus of the global macro strategies.
·
Commodity and Currency Strategies. The commodity and currency strategies category consists of strategies that combine long and short holdings of commodity and currency positions. A strategy typically invests in listed financial and commodity futures markets and currency markets around the world. Commodity and currency strategies use various investment processes and both technical and fundamental research to determine how individual commodity contracts are used, both long and short. In addition to being specific strategies, commodity and currency strategies are often sub-sets of the Global Macro strategy, where these asset classes are used to express specific macro views in commodities and/or currencies that are part of a broader strategy.
·
Tactical Trading Strategies. Tactical trading strategies are strategies that can change their exposures quickly and significantly and are typically shorter-term in nature. These strategies are usually complimentary to medium and longer-term strategies, and are often used to help manage exposure and risk. The overlay strategy designed by the Advisor may be used at times to mitigate long market exposure in risky asset classes in the Fund during adverse market conditions. This strategys objective is to identify when markets are not trending upward and thus not productive for short-term exposure. In this situation, this strategy is implemented and temporarily offsets the underlying exposure until market conditions improve. Tactical trading strategies can be executed in many different ways, both long and short, use leverage, and be implemented with different securities types ranging from options and futures, to individual securities and ETFs.
Principal Risks. Remember that in addition to possibly not achieving your investment goals, you could lose money by investing in the Fund. The principal risks of investing in the Fund are:
·
Management Risk. The risk that investment strategies employed by the Advisor in selecting investments and asset allocations for the Fund may not result in an increase in the value of your investment or in overall performance equal to other similar investment vehicles having similar investment strategies.
·
General Market Risk . The risk that the value of the Funds shares will fluctuate based on the performance of the Funds investments and other factors affecting the securities markets generally.
·
Strategy Risk . The risk that investment strategies employed by the Advisor and sub-advisors in selecting investments and asset allocations for the Fund may not result in an increase in the value of your investment or in overall performance equal to other investments.
·
Equity Market Risk . The risk that common stocks are susceptible to general stock market fluctuations and to volatile increases and decreases in value as market confidence in and perceptions of their issuers change.
·
Leverage Risk. The risk that leveraging may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements. Leverage, including borrowing, may cause the Fund to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged because leverage tends to exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Funds portfolio securities
·
Convertible Securities Risk . A convertible security is a fixed-income security (a debt instrument or a preferred stock) which may be converted at a stated price within a specified period of time into a certain quantity of the common stock of the same or a different issuer. The market value of a convertible security performs like that of a regular debt security, that is, if market interest rates rise, the value of the convertible security falls.
·
Large-Cap Company Risk . The risk that larger, more established companies may be unable to respond quickly to new competitive challenges such as changes in consumer tastes or innovative smaller competitors.
·
Mid-Cap Company Risk. The risk that the mid-cap companies in which the Fund may invest may be more vulnerable to adverse business or economic events than larger, more established companies. In particular, these mid-sized companies may pose additional risks, including liquidity risk, because these companies tend to have limited product lines, markets and financial resources, and may depend upon a relatively small management group. Therefore, mid-cap stocks may be more volatile than those of larger companies.
·
Small- and Micro-Cap Company Risk . The risk that the securities of small-cap and micro-cap companies may be more volatile and less liquid than the securities of companies with larger market capitalizations. These small-cap companies may not have the management experience, financial resources, product diversification and competitive strengths of large- or mid-cap companies, and, therefore, their securities tend to be more volatile than the securities of larger, more established companies.
·
Fixed Income Securities Risks. Fixed income securities are subject to the risk that securities could lose value because of interest rate changes. Fixed income securities with longer maturities are subject to greater price shifts as a result of interest rate changes than fixed income securities with shorter maturities. Fixed income securities are also subject to prepayment and credit risks.
·
High-Yield Debt Securities Risk . The risk that high-yield debt securities or junk bonds are subject to a greater risk of loss of income and principal than higher-grade debt securities. Issuers of junk bonds are often highly leveraged and are more vulnerable to changes in the economy.
·
Short Sales Risk . The risk of loss if the value of a security sold short increases prior to the scheduled delivery date, since the Fund must pay more for the security than it has received from the purchaser in the short sale.
·
Shares of Other Investment Companies Risk . The risk that you will indirectly bear fees and expenses charged by the underlying funds in addition to the Funds direct fees and expenses and, as a result, your cost of investing in the Fund will generally be higher than the cost of investing directly in the underlying fund shares.
·
Exchange-Traded Funds Risk. The risk related to investing in ETFs that do not apply to investments in conventional mutual funds, including that the market price of the ETFs shares may trade at a discount to their net asset value (NAV) or that an active trading market for an ETFs shares may not develop or be maintained.
·
Commodities Risk. The risk that the price of securities and derivatives linked to commodity prices may not move in a manner similar to the broad commodity market. Investments in companies involved in commodity-related businesses bear the risk that the value of companies in commodity-related businesses may be affected by overall market movements and other factors affecting the value of a particular industry or commodity.
·
Foreign Securities and Currency Risk. The risk of investments in foreign companies involve certain risks not generally associated with investments in the securities of U.S. companies, including changes in currency exchange rates, unstable political, social and economic conditions, a lack of adequate or accurate company information, differences in the way securities markets operate, less secure international banks or securities depositories than those in the U.S. and foreign controls on investment. In addition, individual international country economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy in such respects as growth of gross domestic product, rates of inflation, capital reinvestment, resources, self-sufficiency and balance of payments position. These risks may be greater in emerging markets and in less developed countries.
·
Swap Agreement Risk. The risk that a swap contract may not be assigned without the consent of the counter-party, and may result in losses in the event of a default or bankruptcy of the counter-party.
·
Arbitrage Trading Risk. The risk that the underlying relationships between securities in which the Fund takes investment positions may change in an adverse manner, in which case the Fund may realize losses.
·
Derivative Securities Risk. The risk that the Funds use of derivatives will cause losses due to the unexpected effect of market movements on a derivatives price, or because the derivatives do not perform as anticipated, or are not correlated with the performance of other investments which they are used to hedge or if the Fund is unable to liquidate a position because of an illiquid secondary market.
·
Options and Futures Risk . When options are purchased over the counter, the Fund bears the risk that the counter-party that wrote the option will be unable or unwilling to perform its obligations under the option contract. Such options may also be illiquid, and in such cases, the Fund may have difficulty closing out its position.
·
High Portfolio Turnover Risk. The risk that a high portfolio turnover rate has the potential to result in the realization by the Fund and distribution to shareholders of a greater amount of gains than if the Fund had a low portfolio turnover rate, which may lead to a higher tax liability.
·
Tax Risk . Certain of the Funds investment strategies, including transactions in options and futures contracts, may be subject to the special tax rules, the effect of which may have adverse tax consequences for the Fund.
Performance. The bar chart illustrates the risks of investing in the Fund by showing how the Funds average annual returns through December 31, 201 0 compare with those of a broad measure of market performance. The Average Annual Total Returns table also demonstrates these risks by showing how the Funds average annual returns compare with those of a broad measure of market performance. Remember, the Funds past performance, before and after taxes, is not necessarily an indication of how the Fund will perform in the future. Performance prior to July 2011, is the performance of the Alternative Strategies Mutual Fund, a series of the Trust for Professional Managers (the Predecessor Fund) Class A and Class I shares. Updated performance information is available on the Funds website at www.ascentiafunds.com or by calling the Fund toll-free at 866-506-7390.
The Fund was reorganized on ______, 2011 from a series of the Trust for Professional Managers, a Delaware statutory trust (the Predecessor Fund) to a series of Northern Lights Fund Trust II, also a Delaware statutory trust (the Reorganization). The Fund is a continuation of the Predecessor Fund and, therefore, the performance information below includes the performance of the Predecessor Fund.
Class I Shares 1
Calendar Year Returns as of December 31,
The calendar year-to-date return for the Funds Class I shares as of [ March 31, 2011 was % ]. During the period shown in the bar chart, the best performance for a quarter was % (for the quarter ended June 30, 2009). The worst performance was % (for the quarter ended March 31, 2009).
1 The returns shown in the bar chart are for Class I shares. The performance of Class A shares will differ due to differences in expenses and sales load charges.
Average Annual Total Returns For the Periods Ended December 31, 2010 |
One Year |
Since Inception (Class I: 3/3/2008); (Class A: 10/15/2008) |
Class I Shares |
|
|
Return Before Taxes |
% |
% |
Return After Taxes on Distributions |
% |
% |
Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares |
% |
% |
Class A Shares |
|
|
Return Before Taxes |
% |
% |
S&P 500 Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
% |
% |
After tax returns depend on an investors tax situation and may differ from those shown. After tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates in effect and do not reflect the effect of state and local taxes. The after-tax returns shown are not relevant to those investors who hold their shares through tax-deferred arrangements such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts (IRAs). Return After Taxes on Distributions shows the effect of taxable distributions (dividends and capital gains distributions) but assumes that Fund shares are still held at the end of the period. After-tax returns are shown for only Class I shares. After-tax returns for Class A shares will vary.
Performance information for Class C shares is not presented because Class C shares had not yet commenced operations as of December 31, 2010.
Investment Advisor and Sub-Advisors. Ascentia Capital Partners, LLC serves as the Funds investment advisor. Armored Wolf, LLC (Armored Wolf), DuPont Capital Management Corporation (DCM), Sage Capital Management, LLC (Sage), and Dunham & Associates Investment Counsel, Inc. (DAIC) sub-advisors to serve as the Funds sub-advisors (collectively, the Sub-Advisors), Research Affiliates, LLC also served as a sub-advisor to the Predecessor Fund, but will serve solely as a signal provider to the Funds advisor going forward.
Portfolio Managers. The following individuals serve d as the Predecessor Funds portfolio managers and continue to serve as the Funds portfolio managers :
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares. You may conduct transactions by mail (Alternative Strategies Mutual Fund, c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC, 4020 South 147 th Street, Omaha NE 68137, or by telephone at [telephone number]. Investors who wish to purchase or redeem Fund shares through a financial intermediary should contact the financial intermediary directly. The minimum initial investment in each share class of the Fund is $500 for IRAs and $2,500 for all other accounts, with a minimum investment of $500 for subsequent investments in all accounts.
Tax Information. The Funds distributions are taxable, and will be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains, unless you are investing through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an individual retirement account.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries. If you purchase Fund shares through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create conflicts of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediarys website for more information.
Investment Strategies, Related Risks and Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings
Overview: The Manager of Managers Approach
The Advisor is responsible for developing, constructing and monitoring the asset allocation and portfolio management for the Fund. The Advisor believes that an investments reward and risk characteristics can be enhanced by employing multiple sub-advisory firms to manage the assets of the Fund. Through a blending of sub-advisory firms, or managers, with complementary styles and approaches, the Advisor intends to manage the Fund in a manager of managers approach by selecting and overseeing multiple Sub-Advisors who manage using a distinct investment style for a segment of the Funds assets (see Management of the Fund The Sub-Advisors, below). The Sub-Advisors selected by the Advisor adhere to strict investment disciplines, with the objective of achieving reduced risk through increased diversification, as well as greater consistency of results. Important elements of the Advisors oversight are the periodic rebalancing employed to ensure an appropriate mix of elements in the Fund, and ongoing evaluation of the Sub-Advisors to ensure they do not deviate from the stated investment objective or strategies.
Investment Objective
The Funds investment objective is long term capital appreciation with low correlation to broad market indices.
Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund is an open-end investment company that combines the attributes of alternative investment strategies with the shareholder features of a mutual fund. All of the Funds investments are managed with the same disciplined, multi-strategy process. The Fund will be managed using the following investment strategies:
·
Long/Short Equity Strategies
·
Market Neutral Strategies
·
Convertible Arbitrage Strategies
·
Event Driven/Merger Arbitrage Strategies
·
International/Emerging Markets Strategies
·
Global Macro Strategies
·
Commodity and Currency Strategies
·
Tactical Trading Strategies
To achieve its investment objective the Fund primarily invests in a variety of securities and financial instruments that are used to implement multiple alternative investment strategies in the Fund. The Fund may take both long and short positions in equity securities, including common and preferred stock of U.S. companies, convertible securities, equity swaps and foreign securities. A long position is the purchase of an investment with the expectation that it will rise in value. A short position is the sale of a borrowed investment with the expectation that it will decline in value. The Fund may have up to 50% of its assets invested in foreign securities, including, but not limited to, American depositary receipts (ADRs) and securities in emerging markets. The Fund is generally not constrained among the other types of equity securities in which it may invest. The Fund may invest in companies of any size (from small-cap to mid-cap to large-cap) and in any style (from growth to value). The Fund may invest up to 50% of the Funds net assets in derivative securities of any kind. The Funds investments in derivative securities are expected to consist primarily of future contracts on financial and commodity markets as well as equity swap transactions. The Fund uses derivative investments to increase the potential return on an investment, otherwise known as leverage. The use of leverage generates returns that are more pronounced, both positively and negatively, than what would be generated on invested capital without leverage, thus changing small market movements into larger changes in the value of the investments.
At any time the Fund may allocate up to 100% of its assets among shares of different ETFs. Each ETF share represents an undivided ownership interest in the portfolio of stocks held by an ETF, which are investment companies that acquire and hold either shares of all of the companies that are represented by a particular index in the same proportion that is represented in the index itself or shares of a sampling of the companies that are represented by a particular index in a proportion meant to track the performance of the entire index. The Fund relies on Section 12(d)(1)(F) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the 1940 Act) that permits the Fund to invest in unaffiliated funds subject to certain guidelines including that the Fund (together with its affiliated funds) may acquire no more than 3% of the outstanding voting securities of the unaffiliated fund. Generally, Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act (and the rules thereunder) restricts investments by registered investment companies in securities of other registered investment companies. The acquisition of shares of an ETF by the Fund is therefore subject to the restrictions of Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act, except as may be permitted by any exemptive orders obtained by certain ETFs that permits registered investment companies such as the Fund to invest in those ETFs beyond the limits of Section 12(d)(1), subject to certain terms and conditions, including that the Fund enter into an agreement with such ETFs regarding the terms of the investment. Just as when they are acquired, ETFs are sold according to the implementation process of the specific investment strategy to which they pertain. As the Fund has multiple investment strategies, ETFs could be associated with any one or more of those strategies, and thus could be purchased and/or sold at various times for a variety of reasons. The Fund combines the attributes of alternative investment strategies with the shareholder features of a mutual fund. The Advisor and Sub-Advisors determine whether to buy or sell an investment for the Funds portfolio by applying the following strategies:
Investment Strategies
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Long/Short Equity Strategies. Long/Short equity strategies category is the largest of the alternative investment categories and can be executed in various ways. The goal of the widely used fundamental approach is generally to invest in undervalued stocks and to sell short overvalued stocks, in an attempt to achieve absolute positive returns with less risk than the overall market. Long/short strategies combine long holdings of equities with short sales of stock or stock index options. Additionally, long/short strategies can utilize equity indexes or securities that seek to track indexes on markets, sectors, and/or industries to hedge against potential adverse movements in security prices, to seek enhanced returns or to implement the strategy. Long/short portfolios may be anywhere from net long to net short depending on market conditions. A traditional long/short strategy generally increases net long exposure in bull markets and decreases net long exposure, or even may be net short, in a bear market. Generally, the short exposure is intended to generate an ongoing positive return in addition to acting as a hedge against a general stock market decline. Stock index put options are also often used as a hedge against market risk. Profits are made when long positions appreciate and stocks sold short depreciate. Conversely, losses are incurred when long positions depreciate and/or the value of stocks sold short appreciates. Equity hedge managers source of return is similar to that of traditional stock pickers on the upside, but they use short selling and hedging to attempt to outperform the market on the downside. The long/short strategy may use equity swaps, or other derivatives, in addition to or in lieu of investing in long or short positions in individual securities or securities indices. An equity swap is a total return swap in which one leg of the swap is the total return of an individual stock, a basket of stocks or a stock index and may be structured to replicate both long and short positions in the underlying equities. Accordingly, an equity swap does not represent ownership of the underlying equities, and brokerage commissions associated with buying stocks long and the borrowing costs associated with selling stocks short are avoided. Equity swaps may be used to take advantage of their structure to replace individual equity or index holdings (both long and short), to achieve leveraged returns and to attempt to obtain favorable tax treatment whenever possible. Leverage is achieved because no counterparty to the swap agreement is required to post the notional amount of the swap in cash or collateral. However, the Advisor and the Sub-Advisors will mitigate the risk of leverage by segregating liquid assets to cover the Funds daily mark-to-market net obligation under equity swaps that provide for cash settlement. By setting aside assets equal only to the net obligations due under cash-settled equity swaps, leverage may be employed to a greater extent than if it were necessary to segregate assets equal to the full notional value of equity swaps. Since an equity swap is typically a negotiated agreement between two private counterparties, an equity swap may not be readily marketable and, therefore, illiquid (see Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund - Swap Agreements Risk, below).
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Market Neutral Strategies. Market neutral strategies employ sophisticated quantitative techniques to analyze price data to ascertain information about future price movement and relationships between securities and select securities for purchase and sale. These can include both factor-based and statistical arbitrage/trading strategies. Factor-based strategies are those which use fundamental data, such as price to earnings ratios and dividend yields, as their inputs to find securities that are either attractive or unattractive based upon these fundamental metrics, and which are typically paired as one long position and one short position in equal dollar amounts, so as to be market neutral when combined. In many but not all cases, portfolios are constructed to be neutral to one or multiple variables, such as broader equity markets in dollar or beta terms, and leverage is frequently employed to enhance the return profile of the positions identified. Statistical arbitrage/trading strategies are those which use statistical data, such as statistical measures of a securitys return and risk characteristics as their inputs instead of fundamental data to achieve the same dollar neutral strategy and objective.
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Convertible Arbitrage Strategies. The objective of convertible arbitrage strategies is to preserve capital while maximizing current income. The convertible arbitrage strategy involves purchasing interest-bearing convertible debentures and/or high yielding, convertible preferred stocks. These long convertible positions are then hedged against stock market risk by selling short a percentage of the underlying common stock and/or by writing an appropriate number of equity call options. Current income is derived from the coupon interest and preferred dividends received from the convertible securities held long. Income is also generated from the rebate interest received from the proceeds of the short sale of common stock and/or any option premium. The investment and hedging process is typically systematic in nature. Investment decisions are based upon the price relationships between convertibles and their underlying stocks in the context of the current market environment. Since all convertibles are exchangeable into a fixed number of shares of common stock, the Advisor may be able to statistically quantify correlation of price movements between the convertible and its underlying equity. Hedges can therefore be constructed to produce a market neutral performance outcome. Convertible hedge positions are purchased if they demonstrate a favorable risk/reward profile when analyzed against different market scenarios.
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Event Driven/Merger Arbitrage Strategies. Event driven/merger arbitrage strategies focus on positions in companies currently or prospectively involved in corporate transactions of a wide variety including but not limited to mergers, restructurings, financial distress, tender offers, shareholder buybacks, debt exchanges, security issuance or other capital structure adjustments. Security types can range from most senior in the capital structure to the most junior or subordinated, and frequently involve additional derivative securities. Event driven exposure includes a combination of sensitivities to equity markets, credit markets and idiosyncratic, company specific developments. Investment themes are typically developed by the Sub-Advisor on fundamental characteristics, such as attractive valuations relative to competition and, with the realization of the theme resulting from an event associated with the company or security such as announced mergers that are friendly but yet to be consummated. Merger arbitrage strategies employ an investment process primarily focused on opportunities in equity and equity related instruments of companies which are currently engaged in a corporate transaction. Merger arbitrage involves primarily announced transactions, typically with limited or no exposure to situations which pre-, post-date or situations in which no formal announcement is expected to occur. Opportunities are frequently presented in cross border, collared and international transactions which incorporate multiple geographic regulatory institutions, with typically involve minimal exposure to corporate credits.
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International/Emerging Markets Strategies . International/emerging markets strategies are based on the premise that superior total returns can be achieved through a disciplined process of purchasing securities of undervalued international companies, including ADRs, that provide investors with exposure to leading businesses outside of the U.S. and that are currently very attractively priced relative to their economic fundamentals. ADRs are certificates typically issued by a bank or trust company that represent one or more shares of a foreign stock, or a fraction of a share, and give their holders the right to obtain the securities issued by a foreign company that they represent. Investments are selected using fundamental analysis of factors such as earnings, cash flows, and valuations based upon them, and are diversified among the economic and industry sectors in the Morgan Stanley Capital International Europe, Australasia and Far East Index (MSCI EAFE) and Emerging Markets Index (MSCI EM). The portion of the Funds assets allocated to this strategy may have a concentration or be fully exposed to emerging markets at any time. An overlay strategy has been designed by the Advisor that works with international strategies by monitoring and periodically eliminating the primary market exposure of a strategy. When the primary market exposure is unfavorable, as determined systematically by the overlay strategy, the Advisor will purchase protective put options equal in aggregate market exposure to the international strategy. This hedge overlay strategy is designed to be run as a complement to the underlying international strategy, and be used only during adverse market periods to preserve capital by generally eliminating (hedge) market risk (beta) of the international strategy.
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Global Macro Strategies. The global macro strategies consist of strategies that allocate capital to multiple independent proprietary technical and fundamental valuation models applied both long and short to equity, fixed income, currency and commodity markets globally. The objective of the global macro strategies is to remain current with primary market trends. Global macro can be implemented with multiple disciplines, resulting in a blend of approaches to maintain proper weights between discretionary decisions and data-driven decisions to achieve superior risk-adjusted returns. Top down investment themes and risk management are the focus of the global macro strategies to gain specific long and/or short exposure to global equity, fixed income, commodity, and currency markets. The strategies are executed through security diversification, timeframe diversification, long/short investing, disciplined implementation, and both qualitative and quantitative analysis. The Global Macro strategy is structured to take advantage of macro imbalances created by global inflation/deflation. The strategy focuses on real asset strategies that are designed to generate attractive absolute, risk ‐ adjusted returns while providing an active hedge against the wealth destruction created by long-term inflationary trends. Long and short commodity futures and options contracts or derivatives, including swap agreements, that contain them, inflation-linked government bonds (both foreign and domestic), and emerging market bonds are used in the implementation of the strategy.
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Commodity and Currency Strategies. The commodity and currency strategies consist of strategies that combine long and short holdings of commodity and currency positions. A strategy typically invests in listed financial and commodity futures markets and currency markets around the world. Commodity and currency strategies use various investment processes and both technical and fundamental research to determine how individual commodity contracts are used, both long and short. In addition to being specific strategies, commodity and currency strategies are often sub-sets of the Global Macro strategy, where these asset classes are used to express specific macro views in commodities and/or currencies that are part of a broader strategy.
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Tactical Trading Strategies. Tactical trading strategies are strategies that can change their exposures quickly and significantly, and are typically shorter-term in nature. These strategies are usually complimentary to medium and longer-term strategies, and are often used to help manage exposure and risk. Tactical trading strategies can be executed in many different ways, both long and short, may use leverage, and be implemented with different securities types ranging from options and futures, to individual securities and ETFs. The overlay strategy designed by the Advisor may be used at times to mitigate long market exposure in risky asset classes in the Fund during adverse market conditions. This strategys objective is to identify when markets are not trending upward and thus not productive for short-term exposure. In this situation, this strategy is implemented and temporarily offsets the underlying exposure until market conditions improve. It is an incremental, systematic hedge overlay created to actively manage the net exposure (beta) in the Funds underlying International/Emerging Markets strategy. The approach is a trend following model designed to identify when asset classes are unproductive. When signals are generated by the model, which is run daily on the Funds aggregate asset class exposure, the strategy is applied in accordance with model signals and uses minimum variance hedge ratios to match the beta of the underlying asset class exposure with the beta of the trading strategy. This hedge overlay trading strategy is implemented using current month, liquid futures contracts on multiple equity market indexes.
General Investment Policies of the Fund
Sub-Advisors. To achieve the Funds investment objective, the Advisor will utilize Sub-Advisors with expertise in various types of investment strategies using a manager of managers approach. As discussed in the Overview section of this Prospectus, the Sub-Advisors may use a variety of investment techniques to achieve the Funds investment objective. These techniques may change over time as new instruments and techniques are introduced or as a result of regulatory or market developments. The Advisor selects the Sub-Advisors for the Fund, subject to approval by the Board of Trustees, and allocates the assets of the Fund among the Sub-Advisors. The Advisor reviews a wide range of factors in evaluating each Sub-Advisor including, but not limited to, past investment performance during various market conditions, investment strategies and processes used, structures of portfolios and risk management procedures, reputation, experience and training of key personnel, correlation of results with other Sub-Advisors and assets under management.
Temporary or Cash Investments . Under normal market conditions, the Fund will stay fully invested according to its principal investment strategies as noted above. The Fund, however, may temporarily depart from its principal investment strategies by making short-term investments in cash, cash equivalents, and high-quality, short-term debt securities and money market instruments for temporary defensive purposes in response to adverse market, economic or political conditions. This may result in the Fund not achieving its investment objectives during that period.
For longer periods of time, the Fund may hold a substantial cash position. If the market advances during periods when the Fund is holding a large cash position, the Fund may not participate to the extent it would have if the Fund had been more fully invested. To the extent that the Fund uses a money market fund for its cash position, there will be some duplication of expenses because the Fund would bear its pro rata portion of such money market funds advisory fees and operational expenses.
Change in Investment Objective and Strategies . The Funds investment objective may be changed without the approval of the Funds shareholders upon 60 days written notice to shareholders.
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
Before investing in the Fund, you should carefully consider your own investment goals, the amount of time you are willing to leave your money invested and the amount of risk you are willing to take. Remember that in addition to possibly not achieving your investment goals, you could lose money by investing in the Fund. The value of your investment in the Fund will go up and down with the prices of the securities in which the Fund invests. The principal risks of investing in the Fund are:
Management Risk . The ability of the Fund to meet its investment objective is directly related to the Advisors investment strategies for the Fund, including the manager of managers approach described in the Overview section of this Prospectus. Your investment in the Fund varies with the effectiveness of the Advisors and Sub-Advisors research, analysis and asset allocation among portfolio securities. If the investment strategies do not produce the expected results, your investment could be diminished or even lost.
General Market Risk . The market value of a security may move up or down, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably. These fluctuations may cause a security to be worth less than the price originally paid for it, or less than it was worth at an earlier time. Market risk may affect a single issuer, industry, sector of the economy or the market as a whole. U.S. and international markets have experienced significant volatility since 2008. The fixed income markets have experienced substantially lower valuations, reduced liquidity, price volatility, credit downgrades, increased likelihood of default and valuation difficulties. Concerns have spread to domestic and international equity markets. In some cases, the stock prices of individual companies have been negatively impacted even though there may be little or no apparent degradation in the financial conditions or prospects of that company. As a result of this significant volatility, many of the following risks associated with an investment in the Fund may be increased. The U.S. government has taken numerous steps to alleviate these market concerns. However, there is no assurance that such actions will be successful. Continuing market problems may have adverse effects on the Fund.
Strategy Risk . The Funds investment strategies may fail to produce the intended results. There is no guarantee that the Funds investment strategies will succeed in limiting the Funds exposure to stock market movements, capitalization, sector swings or other risk factors. Certain of the Funds investment strategies involve complex securities and transactions that involve risks different from those involved with direct investments in equity securities.
Equity Market Risk . Common stocks are susceptible to general stock market fluctuations and to volatile increases and decreases in value as market confidence in and perceptions of their issuers change. These investor perceptions are based on various and unpredictable factors including expectations regarding: government, economic, monetary and fiscal policies; inflation and interest rates; economic expansion or contraction; and global or regional political, economic and banking crises. If you held common stock of any given issuer, you would generally be exposed to greater risk than if you held preferred stocks and debt obligations of the issuer because common stockholders generally have inferior rights to receive payments from issuers in comparison with the rights of preferred stockholders, bondholders and other creditors of such issuers.
Leverage Risk . The Fund may engage in transactions that give rise to leverage, including, without limitation, transactions involving derivatives, in which adverse changes in the value or level of the underlying asset, reference rate or index can result in a loss substantially greater than the amount invested in the derivative itself. The Advisor and the Sub-Advisors will mitigate leverage risk by segregating liquid assets or otherwise covering transactions that may give rise to leverage risk. The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements. Leverage, including borrowing, may cause the Fund to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged because leverage tends to exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Funds portfolio securities.
Convertible Securities Risk . The Fund may invest in convertible securities. A convertible security is a fixed-income security (a debt instrument or a preferred stock) which may be converted at a stated price within a specified period of time into a certain quantity of the common stock of the same or a different issuer. Convertible securities are senior to common stocks in an issuers capital structure, but are usually subordinated to similar non-convertible securities. While providing a fixed-income stream (generally higher in yield than the income derivable from common stock but lower than that afforded by a similar non-convertible security), a convertible security also gives an investor the opportunity, through its conversion feature, to participate in the capital appreciation of the issuing company depending upon a market price advance in the convertible securitys underlying common stock.
Large-Cap Company Risk. Larger, more established companies may be unable to respond quickly to new competitive challenges such as changes in consumer tastes or innovative smaller competitors. Also, large-cap companies are sometimes unable to attain the high growth rates of successful, smaller companies, especially during extended periods of economic expansion.
Mid-Cap Company Risk. Generally, mid-cap companies may have more potential for growth than large-cap companies. Investing in mid-cap companies, however, may involve greater risk than investing in large-cap companies. Mid-cap companies may not have the management experience, financial resources, product diversification and competitive strengths of large-cap companies and, therefore, their securities may be more volatile than the securities of larger, more established companies, making them less liquid than other securities. Mid-cap company stocks may also be bought and sold less often and in smaller amounts than larger company stocks. Because of this, if the Fund wants to sell a large quantity of a mid-cap companys stock, it may have to sell at a lower price than the Advisor or Sub-Advisor might prefer, or it may have to sell in smaller than desired quantities over a period of time.
Small- and Micro-Cap Company Risk . Generally, small- and micro-cap, and less seasoned companies, have more potential for rapid growth. They also often involve greater risk than large- or mid-cap companies, and these risks are passed on to the Fund. These smaller-cap companies may not have the management experience, financial resources, product diversification and competitive strengths of large- or mid-cap companies, and, therefore, their securities tend to be more volatile than the securities of larger, more established companies, making them less liquid than other securities. Small- and micro-cap company stocks tend to be bought and sold less often and in smaller amounts than larger company stocks. Because of this, if the Fund wants to sell a large quantity of a smaller-cap companys stock, it may have to sell at a lower price than the Advisor or Sub-Advisor might prefer, or it may have to sell in smaller than desired quantities over a period of time. An investment in the Fund that is subject to these risks may be more suitable for long-term investors who are willing to bear the risk of these fluctuations.
Short Sales Risk . Short sale strategies involve greater risk than long investment strategies. Short selling may result in the Funds investment performance suffering if it is required to close out a short position earlier than it had intended. This would occur if the lender required the Fund to deliver the securities it borrowed at the commencement of the short sale, and the Fund was unable to borrow the securities from other securities lenders. Furthermore, until the Fund replaces a security borrowed, or sold short, it must pay to the lender amounts equal to any dividends that accrue during the period of the short sale. In addition, the Fund will incur certain transaction fees associated with short selling. Short sale strategies are often characterized as a form of leveraging or speculative investments. Although the Advisor uses speculative investment strategies, there is no assurance that these strategies will protect against losses or perform better than non-speculative strategies. The Advisor will use both speculative and non-speculative short-sale strategies. The use of short sales is an effort by the Fund to protect against losses due to general movements in market prices. However, no assurance can be given that such strategies will be successful or that consistent positive returns will be achieved. The Board of Trustees continuously monitors the Funds short positions to ensure the Funds compliance with regulatory requirements in the best interest of shareholders.
Other Investment Companies Risk . Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act (and rules thereunder) generally prohibits the Fund from acquiring shares of an investment company if, immediately after such acquisition, the Fund and its affiliated persons would hold more than 3% of such investment companys total outstanding shares. The acquisition of shares of an ETF by the Fund is therefore subject to the restrictions of Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act, except as may be permitted by any exemptive orders obtained by certain ETFs that permits registered investment companies such as the Fund to invest in those ETFs beyond the limits of Section 12(d)(1), subject to certain terms and conditions, including that the Fund enter into an agreement with such ETFs regarding the terms of the investment. As a result of this policy, your cost of investing in the Fund will generally be higher than the cost of investing directly in the underlying fund shares. You will indirectly bear fees and expenses charged by the underlying funds in addition to the Funds direct fees and expenses. Furthermore, the use of this strategy could affect the timing, amount and character of distributions to you and therefore may increase the amount of taxes payable by you. In addition, ETFs are subject to the following risks that do not apply to conventional mutual funds: (1) the market price of the ETFs shares may trade at a discount to their NAV; (2) an active trading market for an ETFs shares may not develop or be maintained; or (3) trading of an ETFs shares may be halted if the listing exchanges officials deem such action appropriate, the shares are de-listed from the exchange, or the activation of market-wide circuit breakers (which are tied to large decreases in stock prices) halts stock trading generally. Additionally, ETFs have management fees, which increase their cost.
Fixed Income Securities Risks. Fixed income securities are subject to the risk that securities could lose value because of interest rate changes. Fixed income securities with longer maturities are subject to greater price shifts as a result of interest rate changes than fixed income securities with shorter maturities. There is also the risk that a bond issuer may call, or repay, its high yielding bonds before their maturity dates. Fixed income securities subject to prepayment can offer less potential for gains during a declining interest rate environment and similar or greater potential for loss in a rising interest rate environment. On the other hand, rising interest rates could cause prepayments of the obligations to decrease, extending the life of mortgage- and asset-backed securities with lower payment rates. Fixed income securities are generally subject to credit risk, which is the risk that an issuer will not make timely payments of principal and interest. Limited trading opportunities for certain fixed income securities may make it more difficult to sell or buy a security at a favorable price or time.
High-Yield Debt Securities Risk . High-yield debt securities or junk bonds are debt securities rated below investment grade by a Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organization. Although junk bonds generally pay higher rates of interest than higher-rated securities, they are subject to a greater risk of loss of income and principal. Junk bonds are subject to greater credit risk than higher-grade securities and have a higher risk of default. Companies issuing high-yield junk bonds are more likely to experience financial difficulties that may lead to a weakened capacity to make principal and interest payments than issuers of higher grade securities. Issuers of junk bonds are often highly leveraged and are more vulnerable to changes in the economy, such as a recession or rising interest rates, which may affect their ability to meet their interest or principal payment obligations.
Foreign Securities and Currency Risk . To the extent that the Fund invests in securities of foreign companies, including ADRs, your investment is subject to foreign securities risk. These include risks relating to political, social and economic developments abroad and differences between U.S. and foreign regulatory requirements and market practices. Securities that are denominated in foreign currencies are subject to the further risk that the value of the foreign currency will fall in relation to the U.S. dollar and/or will be affected by volatile currency markets or actions of U.S. and foreign governments or central banks. In addition to developed markets, the Funds investments in foreign securities may include investments in securities of companies in emerging markets, which are markets of countries in the initial stages of industrialization and that generally have low per capita income. In addition to the risks of foreign securities in general, countries in emerging markets are generally more volatile and can have relatively unstable governments, social and legal systems that do not protect shareholders, economies based on only a few industries and securities markets that trade a small number of issues.
Swap Agreements Risk . The Fund may enter into equity swap agreements as a principal investment strategy, and interest rate, index and currency rate swap agreements as a non-principal investment strategy. Swap agreements are two-party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging from a few weeks to more than a year, and will not have liquidity beyond the counterparty to the agreement. In a standard swap transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns earned on specific assets, such as the return on, or increase in value of, a particular dollar amount invested at a particular interest rate, in a particular foreign currency, or in a basket of securities representing a particular index. A swap contract may not be assigned without the consent of the counter-party, and may result in losses in the event of a default or bankruptcy of the counter-party. Under the supervision of the Board of Trustees, the Advisor will determine whether a swap agreement is illiquid. The Fund is restricted to investing no more than 15% of its total assets in securities that are illiquid; that is, not readily marketable.
Arbitrage Trading Risk . The principal risk associated with the Funds arbitrage investment strategies is that the underlying relationships between securities in which the Fund takes investment positions may change in an adverse manner, in which case the Fund may realize losses.
Derivative Securities Risk. The Fund may invest in derivative securities, including futures contracts on stock and commodity indexes, a wide variety of swap agreements, options on futures contracts and other financial instruments such as options on securities and stock index options. These are financial instruments that derive their performance from the performance of an underlying asset, index, interest rate or currency exchange rate. Derivatives can be volatile and involve various types and degrees of risks, depending upon the characteristics of a particular derivative. Derivatives may entail investment exposures that are greater than their cost would suggest, meaning that a small investment in a derivative could have a large potential impact on the performance of the Fund. The Fund could experience a loss if derivatives do not perform as anticipated, or are not correlated with the performance of other investments which they are used to hedge or if the Fund is unable to liquidate a position because of an illiquid secondary market. The market for many derivatives is, or suddenly can become, illiquid. Changes in liquidity may result in significant, rapid and unpredictable changes in the prices for derivatives.
Commodities Risk . The risk that the price of securities and derivatives linked to commodity prices may not move in a manner similar to the broad commodity market. Investments in companies involved in commodity-related businesses may be subject to greater volatility than investments in companies involved in more traditional businesses. The value of companies in commodity-related businesses may be affected by overall market movements and other factors affecting the value of a particular industry or commodity, such as weather, disease, embargoes, or political and regulatory developments and rapidly changing inflation expectations.
Options and Futures Risk . The Fund may invest in options and futures contracts. The Fund also may invest in so-called synthetic options or other derivative instruments written by broker-dealers or other financial intermediaries. Options transactions may be effected on securities exchanges or in the over-the-counter market. When options are purchased over the counter, the Fund bears the risk that the counter-party that wrote the option will be unable or unwilling to perform its obligations under the option contract. Such options may also be illiquid, and in such cases, the Fund may have difficulty closing out its position. Under the supervision of the Board of Trustees, the Fund will determine whether investments in options and futures contracts are illiquid. The Fund is restricted to investing no more than 15% of its total assets in securities that are illiquid: that is, not readily marketable.
High Portfolio Turnover Rate Risk . The Funds investment strategies may result in a turnover rate as high as or greater than 300%. This could generate capital gains that must be distributed to shareholders as short-term capital gains taxed at ordinary income rates (currently as high as 35%) and could increase brokerage commission costs. To the extent that the Fund experiences an increase in brokerage commissions due to a higher turnover rate, the performance of the Fund could be negatively impacted by the increased expenses incurred by the Fund. Rapid portfolio turnover also exposes shareholders to a higher current realization of capital gains and this could cause you to pay higher taxes.
Tax Risk. The Fund's short sales and transactions in options, futures contracts, hedging transactions, forward contracts and swap contracts will be subject to special tax rules (including mark-to-market, constructive sale, wash sale and short sale rules) the effect of which may be to accelerate income to the Fund, defer losses to the Fund, cause adjustments in the holding periods of the Fund's securities, convert long-term capital gains into short-term capital gains or convert short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses. These rules could, therefore, affect the amount, timing and character of distributions to the Fund's shareholders. The Fund's use of such transactions may result in the Fund realizing more short-term capital gains (subject to tax at ordinary income tax rates) and ordinary income subject to tax at ordinary income tax rates than it would if it did not engage in such transactions.
Portfolio Holdings Information
A description of the Funds policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of the Funds portfolio holdings is available in the Funds SAI. Currently, disclosure of the Funds holdings is required to be made quarterly within 60 days of the end of each fiscal quarter in the annual and semi-annual reports to Fund shareholders and in the quarterly holdings report on Form N-Q. The annual and semi-annual reports for the Predecessor Fund are available by contacting the Fund, c/o Gemini fund Services, LLC, 4020 South 147 th Street, Omaha, NE 68137 or calling 866-506-7390.
Management of the Fund
The Advisor
The Fund has entered into an Investment Advisory Agreement (Advisory Agreement) with Ascentia Capital Partners, LLC, located at 5485 Kietzke Lane, Reno, NV 89511, under which the Advisor manages the Funds investments subject to the supervision of the Board of Trustees. The Advisor specializes in portfolio management with a specific emphasis on alternative investments that are designed to capture positive performance regardless of the stock markets general direction. The Advisor offers both high net worth individual and institutional clients portfolio management services in a variety of alternative investment offerings, and is a registered investment advisor. As of March 31, 2011 , the Advisor manages approximately [ $ ] million in assets. Under the Advisory Agreement, the Fund compensates the Advisor for its investment advisory services at the annual rate of 1.95% of the Funds average daily net assets, payable on a monthly basis.
Subject to the general supervision of the Board of Trustees, the Advisor is responsible for managing the Fund in accordance with its investment objective and policies using the manager of managers approach discussed in the Overview section of this Prospectus, and making recommendations with respect to the hiring, termination or replacement of Sub-Advisors. The Advisor also maintains related records for the Fund.
The Advisor may invest the Funds assets in securities and other instruments directly. The Advisor may exercise this discretion in order to invest the Funds assets pending allocation to a Sub-Advisor, to hedge the Fund against exposure created by a Sub-Advisor, or to modify the Funds exposure to a particular investment or market-related risk. The Advisor may exercise this discretion over unallocated assets to invest the Funds assets directly and may reallocate to itself assets previously allocated to a Sub-Advisor.
Fund Expenses . The Fund is responsible for its own operating expenses. Pursuant to an operating expense limitation agreement between the Advisor and the Fund, the Advisor has agreed to reduce its management fees and/or pay expenses of the Fund to ensure that the total amount of Fund operating expenses (excluding interest and tax expenses and acquired fund fees and expenses) do not exceed 2.75% and 2.50% of the Funds average net assets, for Class A and Class I shares respectively, through August 31, 201 2, subject thereafter to annual re-approval of the agreement by the Board of Trustees. Any reduction in advisory fees or payment of expenses made by the Advisor may be reimbursed by the Fund in subsequent fiscal years if the Advisor so requests. This reimbursement may be requested if the aggregate amount actually paid by the Fund toward operating expenses for such fiscal year (taking into account the reimbursement) does not exceed the applicable limitation on Fund expenses. The Advisor is permitted to be reimbursed for management fee reductions and/or expense payments made in the prior three fiscal years. Any such reimbursement will be reviewed and approved by the Board of Trustees. The Fund must pay its current ordinary operating expenses before the Advisor is entitled to any reimbursement of management fees and/or expenses. This Operating Expense Limitation Agreement can be terminated only by, or with the consent, of the Board of Trustees.
[ A discussion regarding the basis for the Board of Trustees approval of the Advisory Agreement will be available in the Funds semi- annual report to shareholders dated August 31, 2011
The Sub-Advisors
The Advisor, on behalf of the Fund, has entered into a sub-advisory agreement with each Sub-Advisor, and the Advisor compensates the Sub-Advisors out of the investment advisory fees it receives from the Fund. Each Sub-Advisor makes investment decisions for the assets it has been allocated to manage, subject to the overall supervision of the Funds portfolio manager (see Portfolio Managers below). The Advisor oversees the Sub-Advisors for compliance with the Funds investment objective, policies, strategies and restrictions, and monitors each Sub-Advisors adherence to its investment style. The Board of Trustees supervises the Advisor and the Sub-Advisors, establishes policies that they must follow in their management activities, and oversees the hiring and termination of Sub-Advisors recommended by the Advisor. T he SEC has granted an exemptive order with respect to the Predecessor Fund, that which extends to other registered investment companies advised by Adviser, including the Fund, that the Fund may rely on, that permits the Advisor, subject to certain conditions, to terminate existing Sub-Advisors or hire new Sub-Advisors for the Fund, to materially amend the terms of particular agreements with Sub-Advisors or to continue the employment of existing Sub-Advisors after events that would otherwise cause an automatic termination of a sub-advisory agreement. This arrangement has been approved by the Board of Trustees and the Funds initial shareholder. Consequently, under the exemptive order, the Advisor has the right to hire, terminate and replace Sub-Advisors when the Board of Trustees and the Advisor feel that a change would benefit the Fund. Within 90 days of retaining a new Sub-Advisor, shareholders of the Fund will receive notification of the change. The manager of managers structure enables the Fund to operate with greater efficiency and without incurring the expense and delays associated with obtaining shareholder approval of sub-advisory agreements. The structure does not permit investment advisory fees paid by the Fund to be increased or change the Advisors obligations under the Advisory Agreement, including the Advisors responsibiltiy to monitor and ovesee sub-advisory services furnished to the Fund, without shareholder approval. Furthermore, any sub-advisory agreements with affiliates of the Fund or the Advisor will require shareholder approval.
Not all of the Sub-Advisors listed for the Fund may be actively managing assets for the Fund at all times. To the extent that a Sub-Advisor is not actively managing assets for the Fund, the Fund may not be employing the investment style utilized by that Sub-Advisor to achieve its investment objective. Subject to the oversight of the Board of Trustees, the Advisor may temporarily allocate Fund assets away from a Sub-Advisor. Situations in which the Advisor may make such a determination include the level of assets in the Fund, changes in a Sub-Advisors personnel or a sub-advisors adherence to an investment strategy.
Armored Wolf, LLC
The Advisor has entered into a sub-advisory agreement with Armored Wolf, LLC (Armored Wolf) to manage a portion of the Funds assets using the Funds Global Macro Strategies. Armored Wolf is located at 65 Enterprise, Aliso Viejo, California 92656 and is a registered investment adviser. Armored Wolf is controlled by Mr. John Brynjolfsson, the firms chief investment officer. Armored Wolf, which was established in 2008, offers investment advisory services and global perspective to investors. As of March 31, 2011 , Armored Wolf had approximately [ $ ] million in assets under management.
DuPont Capital Management Corporation
The Advisor has entered into a sub-advisory agreement with DuPont Capital Management Corportation (DCM) to manage a portion of the Funds assets using the Funds international/emerging markets Strategies. DCM is located at Delaware Corporate Center, One Righter Parkway, Suite 3200, Wilmington, Delaware 19803. DCM is a wholly owned subsidiary of the E.I. DuPont de Nemours Company, and is an independent registered investment advisor with a broadly diversified product offering. DCM, which was established in 1975 and became a SEC registered investment advisor in 1993, offers investment advisory services and global perspective to institutional investors. As of March 31, 2011 , DCM had over [ $ ] billion in assets under management.
Sage Capital Management, LLC
The Advisor has entered into a sub-advisory agreement with Sage Capital Management, LLC (Sage Capital) to manage a portion of the Funds assets using the convertible arbitrage strategy. Sage Capital is located at 665 South Orange Avenue, Suite 3, Sarasota, FL 34236, and is a registered investment advisor. Sage Capital manages a variety of domestic limited partnership funds that are open to both individual and institutional investors and a number of separately managed accounts. Sage Capital was founded in 1988 for the purpose of investing client capital in convertible securities, both on a strategic directional and arbitrage basis. As of March 31, 2011 , Sage Capital managed over [ $ ] million in assets.
Dunham & Associates Investment Counsel, Inc.
The Advisor has entered into a sub-advisory agreement with Dunham & Associates Investment Counsel, Inc. (DAIC) to manage a portion of the Funds assets using the international/emerging markets strategies. DAIC is located at 10251 Vista Sorrento Parkway, Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92121, and is a registered investment advisor. DAIC is also a registered broker-dealer under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. DAIC is wholly owned by Dunham & Associates Holdings, Inc. (Dunham Holdings). Jeffrey Dunham owns a controlling 95% interest in Dunham Holdings which represents 100% of the voting shares of Dunham Holdings. DAIC, which was founded in 1985, offers investment advisory services to pension plans, pooled investment vehicles, high-net worth individuals and mutual funds. As of March 31, 2011 , DAIC managed over [ $ ] million in individual separate accounts assets and in DAIC sponsored mutual funds.
Portfolio Managers
Advisor
James Calhoun and James OShaughnessy Houssels are members of the Investment Committee that is responsible for the day-to-day management of the segment of the Funds portfolio managed by the Advisor, as well as to provide oversight of the Funds portfolio managed by the Sub-Advisors. Mr. Lowden is the primarily portfolio manager of the Fund.
James P. Calhoun joined the Advisor in 2008. He has over 6 years of experience in investment management as well as extensive experience in the quantitative, fundamental and technical aspects of the securities markets with a specific emphasis on alternative portfolio management. He is a member of the Investment Committee and participates in the development and communication of the firms investment strategy, as well as client asset allocations and investment recommendations. Mr. Calhoun has a Bachelor of Science Degree in Business Administration with majors in Finance and Economics from the University of Nevada, Reno. His degree emphasized Derivatives and Risk Management, International Finance and Foreign Exchange, Portfolio Management and Optimization, Corporate Valuation and Forecasting, Alternative Investment Strategies, Econometrics, Macro Economics, Micro Economics, and Statistics. Prior to joining the Advisor Mr. Calhoun worked with GMH Capital Partners managing real-estate investments from 2004 to 2007, and Equitas Capital from 2003 to 2004. Mr. Calhoun is a CFA Level II candidate.
James OShaughnessy Houssels is a portfolio manager of the Advisor (since June 2009) and is also a Managing Member and registered investment adviser representative of Wealth Management Associates, LLC (since 2002) which serves as the backbone of his family office and is the sole investment advisor to the Houssels Family Limited Partnership. Mr. Houssels has a Bachelors Degree from the University of Nevada, Las Vegas.
Sub-Advisors
Armored Wolf, LLC
John Brynjolfsson is the Portfolio Manager and responsible for the day-to-day management of the segment of the Funds assets managed by Armored Wolf. Mr. Brynjolfsson founded Armored Wolf in 2008, acts as Chief Investment Officer and Managing Director, and is a member of the firms Management and Investment Committees. As Chief Investment Officer, he is responsible for overseeing all investment activity at Armored Wolf. Mr. Brynjolfsson has over 20 years of investment experience and a background in risk management. From 2003-2008, Mr. Brynjolfsson was the Managing Director at Pacific Investment Management Company, LLC (PIMCO), a registered investment adviser, where launched and grew PIMCOs Real Return platform to approximately $80 billion before his departure in 2008. In this role, Mr. Brynjolfsson ran PIMCO ’ s 2nd, 3rd, and 4th largest public funds which included the world ’ s largest commodities fund and two large inflation ‐ linked bond funds. Mr. Brynjolfsson has written several books on the topic of inflation linked investing, and worked with the US Treasury to design the TIPS market in 1996.
DuPont Capital Management Corporation
Rafi U. Zaman, CFA, is the Portfolio Manager and is primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the segment of the Funds assets managed by DCM. Mr. Zaman, Managing Director of Global Equities, directs and co-manages all equity groups, and joined DCM in 1998. Mr. Zaman holds a B.S. Degree with honors in Mechanical Engineering from the REC Kurukshetra in India, an M.S. Degree in Industrial Engineering from Stanford University and is a CFA charterholder.
Sage Capital Management, LLC
Peter deLisser, Karen Heston and Michael C. Ippolito, CFA are the co-Portfolio Managers primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the segment of the Funds assets managed by Sage Capital. Mr. deLisser founded Sage Capital in 1988 and is the President and Senior Partner of the firm. Ms. Heston is the Chief Investment Officer for Sage Capital and has been with the firm since 1993. Mr. Ippolito serves as a Portfolio Manager and Senior Research Analyst for Sage Capital, and joined the firm in July of 1999.
Dunham & Associates Investment Counsel, Inc.
David Holmes is the Portfolio Manager primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the segment of the Funds assets managed by DAIC. Mr. Holmes is Chief Investment Officer, and has been registered with DAIC since February 25, 2009. Prior to joining DAIC, Mr. Holmes served as President and Chief Investment Officer of Adagio Capital Management, LLC (Adagio) and Adagio Trust Company from 2000 to February 2009. While at Adagio, Mr. Holmes served as the Funds principal portfolio manager. Mr. Holmes was a Vice President/Portfolio Manager for the Whittier Trust Company, an independent investment management company, from 1995 to 2000.
The SAI provides additional information about the Portfolio Managers compensation, other accounts managed by the Portfolio Managers and the Portfolio Managers ownership of securities in the Fund.
Shareholder Information
Choosing a Share Class
Description of Classes. The Trust has adopted a multiple class plan that allows the Fund to offer one or more classes of shares. The Fund has registered two classes of shares Class I shares and Class A shares. The different classes of shares represent investments in the same portfolio of securities, but the classes are subject to different expenses and may have different share prices as outlined below:
·
Class I shares are sold at NAV without an initial sales charge. This means that 100% of your initial investment is placed into shares of the Fund.
·
Class A shares are charged a front-end sales load. The Class A shares are also charged a 0.25% Rule 12b-1 distribution and servicing fee. Class A shares do not have a contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) except that a charge of 1.00% applies to certain redemptions made within twelve months, following purchases of $1 million or more without an initial sales charge.
If you exceed $1,000,000 in Class A shares, subsequent investments in Class A shares will not incur a sales charge, provided that your aggregate investment in Class A shares exceeds $1,000,000. Class I shares may be purchased without the imposition of any sales charges. The Fund offers Class I shares primarily for direct investment by investors such as pension and profit-sharing plans, employee benefit trusts, endowments, foundations, corporations and high net worth individuals. Class I shares may also be offered through certain financial intermediaries (including broker-dealers) and their agents in fee based and other programs. In these programs financial intermediaries have made arrangements with the Fund and are authorized to buy and sell shares of the Fund that charge their customers transaction or other distribution or service fees with respect to their customers investments in the Fund.
More About Class A Shares
Class A shares are offered at their public offering price, which is NAV plus the applicable sales charge and is subject to 12b-1 distribution fees of up to 0.25% of the average daily net assets of Class A shares. The minimum initial investment in Class A shares of the Fund is $500 for retirement plan accounts and $2,500 for all other accounts. The minimum subsequent investment in Class A shares of the Fund is $100 for retirement plan accounts and $500 for all other accounts. The sales charge varies, depending on how much you invest. There are no sales charges on reinvested distributions. The Fund reserves the right to waive sales charges at its discretion. The following sales charges apply to your purchases of Class A shares of the Fund:
Amount of Transaction |
Sales Charge as% of Public Offering Price (1) |
Sales Charge as% of Net Amount Invested |
Dealer Reallowance as a Percentage of Public Offering Price |
Less than $100,000 |
5.75% |
6.10% |
5.75% |
$100,000 but less than $250,000 |
4.50% |
4.71% |
4.50% |
$250,000 but less than $500,000 |
3.50% |
3.63% |
3.50% |
$500,000 but less than $1,000,000 |
2.50% |
2.56% |
2.50% |
$1,000,000 or more (2) |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
(1)
Offering price includes the front-end sales load. The sales charge you pay may differ slightly from the amount set forth above because of rounding that occurs in the calculation used to determine your sales charge.
(2)
Class A shares that are purchased at NAV in amounts of $1,000,000 or more may be assessed a 1.00% CDSC if they are redeemed within twelve months from the date of purchase. See More About Class A Shares for further information.
Reducing Your Sales Charge
You may be eligible to purchase Class A shares at a reduced sales charge. To qualify for these reductions, you must notify the Fund's distributor, Northern Lights Distributors, LLC (the "distributor"), in writing and supply your account number at the time of purchase. You may combine your purchase with those of your "immediate family" (your spouse and your children under the age of 21) for purposes of determining eligibility. If applicable, you will need to provide the account numbers of your spouse and your minor children as well as the ages of your minor children.
Letter of Intent. Under a Letter of Intent ("LOI"), you commit to purchase a specified dollar amount of Class A shares of the Fund, with a minimum of $[50,000], during a 13-month period. At your written request, Class A shares purchases made during the previous 90 days may be included. The amount you agree to purchase determines the initial sales charge you pay. If the full-face amount of the LOI is not invested by the end of the 13-month period, your account will be adjusted to the higher initial sales charge level for the amount actually invested. You are not legally bound by the terms of your LOI to purchase the amount of your shares stated in the LOI. The LOI does, however, authorize the Fund to hold in escrow 5% of the total amount you intend to purchase. If you do not complete the total intended purchase at the end of the 13 month period, the Fund's transfer agent will redeem the necessary portion of the escrowed shares to make up the difference between the reduced rate sales charge (based on the amount you intended to purchase) and the sales charge that would normally apply (based on the actual amount you purchased).
. •
Rights of Accumulation. To q ualify for the lower sales charge rates that apply to larger purchases of Class A shares, you may combine your new purchases of Class A shares with Class A shares of the Fund that you already own. The applicable initial sales charge for the new purchase is based on the total of your current purchase and the current value of all other Class A shares that you own. The reduced sales charge will apply only to current purchases and must be requested in writing when you buy your shares.
Shares of the Fund held as follows cannot be combined with your current purchase for purposes of reduced sales charges:
·
Shares held indirectly through financial intermediaries other than your current purchase broker-dealer (for example, a different broker-dealer, a bank, a separate insurance company account or an investment advisor);
·
Shares held through an administrator or trustee/custodian of an Employer Sponsored Retirement Plan (for example, a 401(k) plan) other than employer-sponsored IRAs;
·
Shares held directly in the Fund account on which the broker-dealer (financial advisor) of record is different than your current purchase broker-dealer.
Waiving Your Class A Sales Charge
The sales charge on purchases of Class A shares is waived for certain types of investors, including:
·
Current and retired directors and officers of the Fund sponsored by the adviser or any of its subsidiaries, their families ( e.g., spouse, children, mother or father) and any purchases referred through the adviser.
·
Employees of the adviser and their families, or any full-time employee or registered representative of the distributor or of broker-dealers having dealer agreements with the distributor (a "Selling Broker") and their immediate families (or any trust, pension, profit sharing or other benefit plan for the benefit of such persons).
·
Any full-time employee of a bank, savings and loan, credit union or other financial institution that utilizes a Selling Broker to clear purchases of the fund's shares and their immediate families.
·
Participants in certain "wrap-fee" or asset allocation programs or other fee-based arrangements sponsored by broker-dealers and other financial institutions that have entered into agreements with the distributor.
·
Clients of financial intermediaries that have entered into arrangements with the distributor providing for the shares to be used in particular investment products made available to such clients and for which such registered investment advisors may charge a separate fee.
·
Institutional investors (which may include bank trust departments and registered investment advisors).
·
Any accounts established on behalf of registered investment advisors or their clients by broker-dealers that charge a transaction fee and that have entered into agreements with the distributor.
·
Separate accounts used to fund certain unregistered variable annuity contracts or Section 403(b) or 401(a) or (k) accounts.
·
Employer-sponsored retirement or benefit plans with total plan assets in excess of $5 million where the plan's investments in the Fund are part of an omnibus account. A minimum initial investment of $1 million in the Fund is required. The distributor in its sole discretion may waive these minimum dollar requirements.
The Fund does not waive sales charges for the reinvestment of proceeds from the sale of shares of a different fund where those shares were subject to a front-end sales charge (sometimes called an "NAV transfer").
The Fund also reserves the right to enter into agreements that reduce or eliminate sales charges for groups or classes of shareholders, or for Fund shares included in other investment plans such as wrap accounts. If you own Fund shares as part of another account or package, such as an IRA or a sweep account, you should read the terms and conditions that apply for that account. Those terms and conditions may supersede the terms and conditions discussed here. Contact your selling agent for further information.
Further information regarding the Funds sales charges, breakpoints and waivers is available free of charge on the Funds website: www.ascentiafunds.com. Click on Breakpoints and Sales Loads.
Share Price
The net asset value ("NAV") and offering price (NAV plus any applicable sales charges) of each class of shares is determined at 4:00 p.m. (Eastern Time) on each day the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") is open for business. NAV is computed by determining, on a per class basis, the aggregate market value of all assets of the Fund, less its liabilities, divided by the total number of shares outstanding ((assets-liabilities)/number of shares = NAV). The NYSE is closed on weekends and New Year's Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Washington's Birthday, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. The NAV takes into account, on a per class basis, the expenses and fees of the Fund, including management, administration, and distribution fees, which are accrued daily. The determination of NAV for a share class for a particular day is applicable to all applications for the purchase of shares, as well as all requests for the redemption of shares, received by the Fund (or an authorized broker or agent, or its authorized designee) before the close of trading on the NYSE on that day.
Generally, the Fund's securities are valued each day at the last quoted sales price on each security's primary exchange. Securities traded or dealt in upon one or more securities exchanges (whether domestic or foreign) for which market quotations are readily available and not subject to restrictions against resale shall be valued at the last quoted sales price on the primary exchange or, in the absence of a sale on the primary exchange, at the last bid on the primary exchange. Securities primarily traded in the National Association of Securities Dealers' Automated Quotation System ("NASDAQ") National Market System for which market quotations are readily available shall be valued using the NASDAQ Official Closing Price. If market quotations are not readily available, securities will be valued at their fair market value as determined in good faith by the adviser in accordance with procedures approved by the Board and evaluated by the Board as to the reliability of the fair value method used. In these cases, the Fund's NAV will reflect certain portfolio securities' fair value rather than their market price. Fair value pricing involves subjective judgments and it is possible that the fair value determined for a security is materially different than the value that could be realized upon the sale of that security. The fair value prices can differ from market prices when they become available or when a price becomes available.
The Fund may use independent pricing services to assist in calculating the value of the Fund's securities. In addition, market prices for foreign securities are not determined at the same time of day as the NAV for the Fund. Because the Fund may invest in underlying ETFs which hold portfolio securities primarily listed on foreign exchanges, and these exchanges may trade on weekends or other days when the underlying ETFs do not price their shares, the value of some of the Fund's portfolio securities may change on days when you may not be able to buy or sell Fund shares. In computing the NAV, the Fund values foreign securities held by the Fund at the latest closing price on the exchange in which they are traded immediately prior to closing of the NYSE. Prices of foreign securities quoted in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollars at current rates. If events materially affecting the value of a security in the Fund's portfolio, particularly foreign securities, occur after the close of trading on a foreign market but before the Fund prices its shares, the security will be valued at fair value. For example, if trading in a portfolio security is halted and does not resume before the Fund calculates its NAV, the adviser may need to price the security using the Fund's fair value pricing guidelines. Without a fair value price, short-term traders could take advantage of the arbitrage opportunity and dilute the NAV of long-term investors. Fair valuation of the Fund's portfolio securities can serve to reduce arbitrage opportunities available to short-term traders, but there is no assurance that fair value pricing policies will prevent dilution of the Fund's NAV by short term traders. The determination of fair value involves subjective judgments. As a result, using fair value to price a security may result in a price materially different from the prices used by other mutual funds to determine net asset value, or from the price that may be realized upon the actual sale of the security.
With respect to any portion of the Fund's assets that are invested in one or more open-end management investment companies registered under the 1940 Act, the Fund's net asset value is calculated based upon the net asset values of those open-end management investment companies, and the prospectuses for these companies explain the circumstances under which those companies will use fair value pricing and the effects of using fair value pricing.
How to Purchase Shares
The Fund offers two classes of shares so that you can choose the class that best suits your investment needs, Class A and Class I shares. The main differences between each class are sales charges and ongoing fees. In choosing which class of shares to purchase, you should consider which will be most beneficial to you given your investment goals, the amount of your purchase and the length of time you expect to hold the shares. Each class of shares in the Fund represents an interest in the same portfolio of investments in the Fund.
Purchase by Mail. To purchase the Funds shares by mail, simply complete and sign the Account Application and mail it, along with a check made payable to Alternative Strategies Mutual Fund to:
Regular or Overnight Mail
Alternative Strategies Mutual Fund
c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC
4020 South 147 th Street
Omaha, NE 68137
Purchase by Wire. If you wish to wire money to make an investment in the Fund, please call the Fund at [NUMBER] for wiring instructions and to notify the Fund that a wire transfer is coming. Any commercial bank can transfer same-day funds via wire. The Fund will normally accept wired funds for investment on the day received if they are received by the Fund's designated bank before the close of regular trading on the NYSE. Your bank may charge you a fee for wiring same-day funds.
Automatic Investment Plan. You may participate in the Fund's Automatic Investment Plan, an investment plan that automatically moves money from your bank account and invests it in the Fund through the use of electronic funds transfers or automatic bank drafts. You may elect to make subsequent investments by transfers of a minimum of $100 on specified days of each month into your established Fund account. Please contact the Fund at [NUMBER] for more information about the Fund's Automatic Investment Plan. Minimum initial investment requirements may be waived for Automatic Investment Plan investors, at the Fund's discretion.
The Fund, however, reserves the right, in its sole discretion, to reject any application to purchase shares. Applications will not be accepted unless they are accompanied by a check drawn on a U.S. bank, thrift institutions, or credit union in U.S. funds for the full amount of the shares to be purchased. After you open an account, you may purchase additional shares by sending a check together with written instructions stating the name(s) on the account and the account number, to the above address. Make all checks payable to "Alternative Strategies Mutual Fund." The Fund will accept payment in cash, including cashier's checks or money orders. Also, to prevent check fraud, the Fund will not accept third party checks, U.S. Treasury checks, credit card checks or starter checks for the purchase of shares.
Note: Gemini Fund Services, LLC, the Fund's transfer agent, will charge a $25 fee against a shareholder's account, in addition to any loss sustained by the Fund, for any check returned to the transfer agent for insufficient funds.
Anti-Money Laundering Program. The USA PATRIOT Act requires financial institutions, including the Fund, to adopt certain policies and programs to prevent money-laundering activities, including procedures to verify the identity of customers opening new accounts. As requested on the application, you should supply your full name, date of birth, social security number and permanent street address. Mailing addresses containing a P.O. Box will not be accepted. This information will assist the Fund in verifying your identity. Until such verification is made, the Fund may temporarily limit additional share purchases. In addition, the Fund may limit additional share purchases or close an account if it is unable to verify a shareholders identity. As required by law, the Fund may employ various procedures, such as comparing the information to fraud databases or requesting additional information or documentation from you, to ensure that the information supplied by you is correct.
In order to ensure compliance with these laws, the Account Application asks for, among other things, the following information for all customers seeking to open an account (as those terms are defined in rules adopted pursuant to the USA PATRIOT Act):
·
full name;
·
date of birth (individuals only);
·
Social Security or taxpayer identification number; and
·
permanent street address (P.O. Box only is not acceptable).
Accounts opened by entities, such as corporations, limited liability companies, partnerships or trusts, will require additional documentation.
Please note that if any information listed above is missing, your Account Application will be returned and your account will not be opened. In compliance with the USA PATRIOT Act and other applicable anti-money laundering laws and regulations, the Transfer Agent will verify the information on your application as part of the Program. The Fund reserves the right to request additional clarifying information and may close your account if such clarifying information is not received by the Fund within a reasonable time of the request or if the Fund cannot form a reasonable belief as to the true identity of a customer. If you require additional assistance when completing your Account Application, please contact the Transfer Agent at [ 866-506-7390. ]
How to Redeem Shares
You may redeem all or any portion of the shares credited to your account by submitting a written request for redemption to:
Regular or Overnight Mail
Alternative Strategies Mutual Fund
c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC
4020 South 147 th Street
Omaha, NE 68137
Redemptions by Telephone : The telephone redemption privilege is automatically available to all new accounts except retirement accounts. If you do not want the telephone redemption privilege, you must indicate this in the appropriate area on your account application or you must write to the Fund and instruct it to remove this privilege from your account.
The proceeds will be sent by mail to the address designated on your account or wired directly to your existing account in a bank or brokerage firm in the United States as designated on your application. To redeem by telephone, call 1-877-525-0712. The redemption proceeds normally will be sent by mail or by wire within three business days after receipt of your telephone instructions. IRA accounts are not redeemable by telephone.
The Fund reserves the right to suspend the telephone redemption privileges with respect to your account if the name(s) or the address on the account has been changed within the previous 30 days. Neither the Fund, the transfer agent, nor their respective affiliates will be liable for complying with telephone instructions they reasonably believe to be genuine or for any loss, damage, cost or expenses in acting on such telephone instructions and you will be required to bear the risk of any such loss. The Fund or the transfer agent, or both, will employ reasonable procedures to determine that telephone instructions are genuine. If the Fund and/or the transfer agent do not employ these procedures, they may be liable to you for losses due to unauthorized or fraudulent instructions. These procedures may include, among others, requiring forms of personal identification prior to acting upon telephone instructions, providing written confirmation of the transactions and/or tape recording telephone instructions.
Redemptions through Broker: If shares of the Fund are held by a broker-dealer, financial institution or other servicing agent, you must contact that servicing agent to redeem shares of the Fund. The servicing agent may charge a fee for this service.
Redemptions by Wire : You may request that your redemption proceeds be wired directly to your bank account. The Fund's transfer agent imposes a $15 fee for each wire redemption and deducts the fee directly from your account. Your bank may also impose a fee for the incoming wire.
Automatic Withdrawal Plan: If your individual accounts, IRA or other qualified plan account have a current account value of at least $10,000, you may participate in the Fund's Automatic Withdrawal Plan, an investment plan that automatically moves money to your bank account from the Fund through the use of electronic funds transfers. You may elect to make subsequent withdrawals by transfers of a minimum of $100 on specified days of each month into your established bank account. Please contact the Fund at 1-877-525-0712 for more information about the Fund's Automatic Withdrawal Plan.
Redemptions in Kind: The Fund reserves the right to honor requests for redemption or repurchase orders made by a shareholder during any 90-day period by making payment in whole or in part in portfolio securities ("redemption in kind") if the amount of such a request is large enough to affect operations (if the request is greater than the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of the Fund's net assets at the beginning of the 90-day period). The securities will be chosen by the Fund and valued using the same procedures as used in calculating the Fund's NAV. A shareholder may incur transaction expenses in converting these securities to cash.
When Redemptions are Sent: Once the Fund receives your redemption request in "good order" as described below, it will issue a check based on the next determined NAV following your redemption request. The redemption proceeds normally will be sent by mail or by wire within three business days after receipt of a request in "good order." If you purchase shares using a check and soon after request a redemption, your redemption proceeds will not be sent until the check used for your purchase has cleared your bank (usually within 10 days of the purchase date).
Good Order: Your redemption request will be processed if it is in "good order." To be in good order, the following conditions must be satisfied: · The request should be in writing, unless redeeming by telephone, indicating the number of shares or dollar amount to be redeemed; · The request must identify your account number; · The request should be signed by you and any other person listed on the account, exactly as the shares are registered; and · If you request that the redemption proceeds be sent to a person, bank or an address other than that of record or paid to someone other than the record owner(s), or if the address was changed within the last 30 days, or if the proceeds of a requested redemption exceed $50,000, the signature(s) on the request must be medallion signature guaranteed by an eligible signature guarantor. |
When You Need Medallion Signature Guarantees: If you wish to change the bank or brokerage account that you have designated on your account, you may do so at any time by writing to the Fund with your signature guaranteed. A medallion signature guarantee assures that a signature is genuine and protects you from unauthorized account transfers. You will need your signature guaranteed if:
·
you request a redemption to be made payable to a person not on record with the Fund;
·
you request that a redemption be mailed to an address other than that on record with the Fund;
·
the proceeds of a requested redemption exceed $50,000;
·
any redemption is transmitted by federal wire transfer to a bank other than the bank of record; or
·
your address was changed within 30 days of your redemption request.
Signatures may be guaranteed by any eligible guarantor institution (including banks, brokers and dealers, credit unions, national securities exchanges, registered securities associations, clearing agencies and savings associations). Further documentation will be required to change the designated account if shares are held by a corporation, fiduciary or other organization. A notary public cannot guarantee signatures.
Retirement Plans: If you own an IRA or other retirement plan, you must indicate on your redemption request whether the Fund should withhold federal income tax. Unless you elect in your redemption request that you do not want to have federal tax withheld, the redemption will be subject to withholding.
Low Balances: If at any time your Class A account balance falls below $2,500, the Fund may notify you that, unless the account is brought up to at least $2,500 within 60 days of the notice; your account could be closed. After the notice period, the Fund may redeem all of your shares and close your account by sending you a check to the address of record. Your account will not be closed if the account balance drops below required minimum due to a decline in NAV.
FREQUENT PURCHASES AND REDEMPTIONS OF FUND SHARES
The Fund discourages and does not accommodate market timing. Frequent trading into and out of the Fund can harm all Fund shareholders by disrupting the Fund's investment strategies, increasing Fund expenses, decreasing tax efficiency and diluting the value of shares held by long-term shareholders. The Fund is designed for long-term investors and is not intended for market timing or other disruptive trading activities. Accordingly, the Fund's Board has approved policies that seek to curb these disruptive activities while recognizing that shareholders may have a legitimate need to adjust their Fund investments as their financial needs or circumstances change. The Fund currently uses several methods to reduce the risk of market timing. These methods include:
·
Committing staff to review, on a continuing basis, recent trading activity in order to identify trading activity that may be contrary to the Fund's "Market Timing Trading Policy;" and
·
Rejecting or limiting specific purchase requests, and
·
Rejecting purchases requests from certain investors, and
·
Assessing a redemption fee for short-term trading.
Though these methods involve judgments that are inherently subjective and involve some selectivity in their application, the Fund seeks to make judgments and applications that are consistent with the interests of the Fund's shareholders.
The redemption fee, which is uniformly imposed, is intended to discourage short-term trading and is paid to the Fund to help offset any cost associated with such short-term trading. The Fund will monitor the assessment of redemption fees against your account. Based on the frequency of redemption fees assessed against your account, the adviser or Transfer Agent may in its sole discretion determine that your trading activity is detrimental to the Fund as described in the Fund's Market Timing Trading Policy and elect to (i) reject or limit the amount, number, frequency or method for requesting future purchases into the Fund and/or (ii) reject or limit the amount, number, frequency or method for requesting future exchanges or redemptions out of the Fund.
The Fund reserves the right to reject or restrict purchase or exchange requests for any reason, particularly when the shareholder's trading activity suggests that the shareholder may be engaged in market timing or other disruptive trading activities. Neither the Fund nor the adviser will be liable for any losses resulting from rejected purchase or exchange orders. The adviser may also bar an investor who has violated these policies (and the investor's financial adviser) from opening new accounts with the Fund.
Although the Fund attempts to limit disruptive trading activities, some investors use a variety of strategies to hide their identities and their trading practices. There can be no guarantee that the Fund will be able to identify or limit these activities. Omnibus account arrangements are common forms of holding shares of the Fund. While the Fund will encourage financial intermediaries to apply the Fund's Market Timing Trading Policy to their customers who invest indirectly in the Fund, the Fund is limited in its ability to monitor the trading activity or enforce the Fund's Market Timing Trading Policy with respect to customers of financial intermediaries. For example, should it occur, the Fund may not be able to detect market timing that may be facilitated by financial intermediaries or made difficult to identify in the omnibus accounts used by those intermediaries for aggregated purchases, exchanges and redemptions on behalf of all their customers. More specifically, unless the financial intermediaries have the ability to apply the Fund's Market Timing Trading Policy to their customers through such methods as implementing short-term trading limitations or restrictions, assessing the Fund's redemption fee and monitoring trading activity for what might be market timing, the Fund may not be able to determine whether trading by customers of financial intermediaries is contrary to the Fund's Market Timing Trading Policy. Brokers maintaining omnibus accounts with the Fund have agreed to provide shareholder transaction information to the extent known to the broker to the Fund upon request. If the Fund or its transfer agent or shareholder servicing agent suspects there is market timing activity in the account, the Fund will seek full cooperation from the service provider maintaining the account to identify the underlying participant. At the request of the adviser, the service providers may take immediate action to stop any further short-term trading by such participants.
Redemption Fee
Redemption Fee: The Fund will deduct a 2% redemption fee on the redemption amount if you sell your shares less than 30 days after purchase or shares held less than 30 days are redeemed for failure to maintain the Fund's balance minimum. See Low Balances for further information on account closure policy. Shares held longest will be treated as being redeemed first and shares held shortest as being redeemed last. Shares held for 60 days or more are not subject to the 2% fee.
Redemption fees are paid to the Fund directly and are designed to offset costs associated with fluctuations in Fund asset levels and cash flow caused by short-term shareholder trading.
Waivers of Redemption Fees: The Fund has elected not to impose the redemption fee for:
·
Redemptions and exchanges of Fund shares acquired through the reinvestment of dividends and distributions;
·
Certain types of redemptions and exchanges of Fund shares owned through participant-directed retirement plans;
·
Redemptions or exchanges in discretionary asset allocation, fee based or wrap programs ("wrap programs") that are initiated by the sponsor/financial advisor as part of a periodic rebalancing;
·
Redemptions or exchanges in a fee based or wrap program that are made as a result of a full withdrawal from the wrap program or as part of a systematic withdrawal plan;
·
Involuntary redemptions, such as those resulting from a shareholder's failure to maintain a minimum investment in the Fund, or to pay shareholder fees; or
Other types of redemptions as the adviser or the Fund may determine in special situations and approved by the Fund's or the adviser's Chief Compliance
The Fund reserves the right to modify or eliminate the redemption fees or waivers at any time and will give shareholders 30 days prior written notice of any material changes, unless otherwise provided by law. The redemption fee policy may be modified or amended in the future to reflect, among other factors, regulatory requirements mandated by the SEC.
Tools to Combat Frequent Transactions
The Fund discourages and does not accommodate market timing. Frequent trading into and out of the Fund can harm all Fund shareholders by disrupting the Fund's investment strategies, increasing Fund expenses, decreasing tax efficiency and diluting the value of shares held by long-term shareholders. The Fund is designed for long-term investors and is not intended for market timing or other disruptive trading activities. Accordingly, the Fund's Board has approved policies that seek to curb these disruptive activities while recognizing that shareholders may have a legitimate need to adjust their Fund investments as their financial needs or circumstances change. The Fund currently uses several methods to reduce the risk of market timing. These methods include:
·
Committing staff to review, on a continuing basis, recent trading activity in order to identify trading activity that may be contrary to the Fund's "Market Timing Trading Policy;" and
·
Rejecting or limiting specific purchase requests, and
·
Rejecting purchases requests from certain investors, and
·
Assessing a redemption fee for short-term trading.
Though these methods involve judgments that are inherently subjective and involve some selectivity in their application, the Fund seeks to make judgments and applications that are consistent with the interests of the Fund's shareholders.
The redemption fee, which is uniformly imposed, is intended to discourage short-term trading and is paid to the Fund to help offset any cost associated with such short-term trading. The Fund will monitor the assessment of redemption fees against your account. Based on the frequency of redemption fees assessed against your account, the adviser or Transfer Agent may in its sole discretion determine that your trading activity is detrimental to the Fund as described in the Fund's Market Timing Trading Policy and elect to (i) reject or limit the amount, number, frequency or method for requesting future purchases into the Fund and/or (ii) reject or limit the amount, number, frequency or method for requesting future exchanges or redemptions out of the Fund.
The Fund reserves the right to reject or restrict purchase or exchange requests for any reason, particularly when the shareholder's trading activity suggests that the shareholder may be engaged in market timing or other disruptive trading activities. Neither the Fund nor the adviser will be liable for any losses resulting from rejected purchase or exchange orders. The adviser may also bar an investor who has violated these policies (and the investor's financial adviser) from opening new accounts with the Fund.
Although the Fund attempts to limit disruptive trading activities, some investors use a variety of strategies to hide their identities and their trading practices. There can be no guarantee that the Fund will be able to identify or limit these activities. Omnibus account arrangements are common forms of holding shares of the Fund. While the Fund will encourage financial intermediaries to apply the Fund's Market Timing Trading Policy to their customers who invest indirectly in the Fund, the Fund is limited in its ability to monitor the trading activity or enforce the Fund's Market Timing Trading Policy with respect to customers of financial intermediaries. For example, should it occur, the Fund may not be able to detect market timing that may be facilitated by financial intermediaries or made difficult to identify in the omnibus accounts used by those intermediaries for aggregated purchases, exchanges and redemptions on behalf of all their customers. More specifically, unless the financial intermediaries have the ability to apply the Fund's Market Timing Trading Policy to their customers through such methods as implementing short-term trading limitations or restrictions, assessing the Fund's redemption fee and monitoring trading activity for what might be market timing, the Fund may not be able to determine whether trading by customers of financial intermediaries is contrary to the Fund's Market Timing Trading Policy. Brokers maintaining omnibus accounts with the Fund have agreed to provide shareholder transaction information to the extent known to the broker to the Fund upon request. If the Fund or its transfer agent or shareholder servicing agent suspects there is market timing activity in the account, the Fund will seek full cooperation from the service provider maintaining the account to identify the underlying participant. At the request of the adviser, the service providers may take immediate action to stop any further short-term trading by such participants.
Householding. To reduce expenses, the Fund mails only one copy of the Prospectus and each annual and semi-annual report to those addresses shared by two or more accounts. If you wish to receive individual copies of these documents, please call the Fund at [NUMBER] on days the Fund is open for business or contact your financial institution. The Fund will begin sending you individual copies thirty days after receiving your request.
Class A shares of the Fund may not be exchanged for Class I shares of the Fund.
Distribution of Fund Shares
The Distributor
Northern Lights Distributors, LLC (the Distributor) is located at 4020 South 147 th Street, Omaha, NE 68137, and serves as distributor and principal underwriter to the Fund. The Distributor is a registered broker-dealer and member of Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (FINRA). Shares of the Fund are offered on a continuous basis.
Distribution (12b-1) Plan
The Fund has adopted a Distribution Plan pursuant to Rule 12b-1 (the 12b-1 Plan) under the 1940 Act. Under the 12b-1 Plan, the Fund is authorized to pay the Funds distributor, or such other entities as approved by the Board of Trustees, a fee for the promotion and distribution of the Fund and the provision of personal services to shareholders. The maximum amount of the fee authorized is 0.25% of the Funds average daily net assets annually for each of the Class A and Class I shares. The distributor may pay any or all amounts received under the 12b-1 Plan to other persons, including the Advisor, for any distribution or service activity. Because these fees are paid out of the Funds assets on an on-going basis, over time these fees will increase the cost of your investment in the Fund and may cost you more than paying other types of sales charges. The Fund is not currently implementing the Distribution Fee for the Class I shares of the Fund, and will give Class I shareholders 30 days prior written notice before implementing the Distribution Fee under the 12b-1 Plan.
In addition to the fees paid under the 12b-1 Plan, the Fund may pay service fees to intermediaries such as banks, broker-dealers, financial advisors or other financial institutions, including the Advisor and affiliates of the Advisor and Sub-Advisors, for sub-administration, sub-transfer agency and other shareholder services associated with shareholders whose shares are held of record in omnibus, other group accounts or accounts traded through registered securities clearing agents.
Additional Compensation to Financial Intermediaries
The distributor, its affiliates and t he Advisor, out of its own resources, and without additional cost to the Fund or its shareholders, may provide additional cash payments or non-cash compensation to intermediaries who sell shares of the Fund. Such payments and compensation are in addition to service fees paid by the Fund, if any. These additional cash payments are generally made to intermediaries that provide shareholder servicing, marketing support and/or access to sales meetings, sales representatives and management representatives of the intermediary. Cash compensation may also be paid to intermediaries for inclusion of the Fund on a sales list, including a preferred or select sales list, in other sales programs or as an expense reimbursement in cases where the intermediary provides shareholder services to the Funds shareholders. The Advisor may also pay cash compensation in the form of finders fees that vary depending on the dollar amount of the shares sold.
Distributions and Taxes
Tax Status, Dividends and Distributions
Any sale or exchange of a Fund's shares may generate tax liability (unless you are a tax-exempt investor or your investment is in a qualified retirement account). When you redeem your shares you may realize a taxable gain or loss. This is measured by the difference between the proceeds of the sale and the tax basis for the shares you sold. (To aid in computing your tax basis, you generally should retain your account statements for the period that you hold shares in the Fund.)
The Fund intends to distribute substantially all of its net investment income and net capital gains annually in December. Both distributions will be reinvested in shares of the Fund unless you elect to receive cash. Dividends from net investment income (including any excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss) are taxable to investors as ordinary income, while distributions of net capital gain (the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss) are generally taxable as long-term capital gain, regardless of your holding period for the shares. Any dividends or capital gain distributions you receive from the Fund will normally be taxable to you when made, regardless of whether you reinvest dividends or capital gain distributions or receive them in cash. Certain dividends or distributions declared in October, November or December will be taxed to shareholders as if received in December if they are paid during the following January. Each year the Fund will inform you of the amount and type of your distributions. IRAs and other qualified retirement plans are exempt from federal income taxation until retirement proceeds are paid out to the participant.
Your redemptions may result in a capital gain or loss for federal tax purposes. A capital gain or loss on your investment is the difference between the cost of your shares, including any sales charges, and the amount you receive when you sell them.
On the account application, you will be asked to certify that your social security number or taxpayer identification number is correct and that you are not subject to backup withholding for failing to report income to the IRS. If you are subject to backup withholding or you did not certify your taxpayer identification number, the IRS requires the Fund to withhold a percentage of any dividend, redemption or exchange proceeds. The Fund reserves the right to reject any application that does not include a certified social security or taxpayer identification number. If you do not have a social security number, you should indicate on the purchase form that your application to obtain a number is pending. The Fund is required to withhold taxes if a number is not delivered to the Fund within seven days.
This summary is not intended to be and should not be construed to be legal or tax advice. You should consult your own tax advisors to determine the tax consequences of owning the Fund's shares.
Financial Highlights
The following table is intended to help you understand the Funds financial performance information for the fiscal period ended February 28, 201 0 and for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2011 . The Fund is a continuation of the Predecessor Fund and, therefore, the financial information includes results of the Predecessor Fund. Certain information reflects financial results for a single share of the Fund. The total return in the table represents the rate that you would have earned or lost on an investment in the Fund (assuming you reinvested all distributions). This information has been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm of the Predecessor Fund, whose report, along with the Predecessor Funds financial statements, are included in the Predecessor Funds annual report, which is available free of charge upon request. [tables to be updated by subsequent amendment]
Alternative Strategies Mutual Fund Class I |
Per Share Data for a Share Outstanding Throughout each Period |
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Year Ended February 28, 2011 |
Period Ended February 28, 201 0 (1) |
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Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period |
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Income (loss) from investment operations: |
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Net investment income (loss) (2) |
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Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments |
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Total from investment operations |
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Less distributions paid: |
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From net investment income |
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Paid-in capital from redemption fees |
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Total distributions paid |
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Net Asset Value, End of Period |
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Total Return (3) |
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Supplemental Data and Ratios: |
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Net assets at end of period (000s) |
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Ratio of expenses to average net assets: |
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Before wavier and expense reimbursement ((4)(5) |
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After waiver and expense reimbursement (4)(5) |
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Ratio of net investment income (loss) to average net assets : |
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Before waiver and expense reimbursement (5) |
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After waiver and expense reimbursement (5) |
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Portfolio turnover rate (3) |
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Alternative Strategies Mutual Fund Class A |
Per Share Data for a Share Outstanding Throughout each Period |
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Year Ended February 28, 2011 |
Period Ended February 28, 201 0 (1) |
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Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period |
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Income (loss) from investment operations: |
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Net investment income (loss) (2) |
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Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments |
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Total from investment operations |
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Less distributions paid: |
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From net investment income |
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Total distributions paid |
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Paid-in capital from redemption fees |
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Net Asset Value, End of Period |
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Total Return (3) |
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Supplemental Data and Ratios: |
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Net assets at end of period (000s) |
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Ratio of expenses to average net assets: |
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Before waiver and expense reimbursement (4) (5) |
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After waiver and expense reimbursement (4) (5) |
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Ratio of net investment loss to average net assets : |
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Before waiver and expense reimbursement (5) |
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After waiver and expense reimbursement (5) |
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Portfolio turnover rate (3) |
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.
PRIVACY NOTICE
Your privacy is important to us. The Fund is committed to maintaining the confidentiality, integrity, and security of your personal information. When you provide personal information, the Fund believes that you should be aware of policies to protect the confidentiality of that information.
The Fund collects the following nonpublic personal information about you:
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Information we receive from you on or in applications or other forms, correspondence, or conversations, including, but not limited to, your name, address, phone number, social security number, assets, income, and date of birth; and
·
Information about your transactions with us, our affiliates, or others, including, but not limited to, your account number and balance, payments history, parties to transactions, cost basis information, and other financial information.
The Fund does not disclose any nonpublic personal information about our current or former shareholders to affiliated or nonaffiliated third parties, except as permitted by law. For example, the Fund is permitted by law to disclose all of the information we collect, as described above, to our transfer agent to process your transactions. Furthermore, the Fund restricts access to your nonpublic personal information to those persons who require such information to provide products or services to you. The Fund maintains physical, electronic, and procedural safeguards that comply with applicable federal and state standards to guard your nonpublic personal information.
In the event that you hold shares of the Fund through a financial intermediary, including, but not limited to, a broker-dealer, bank, or trust company, the privacy policy of your financial intermediary would govern how your nonpublic personal information would be shared with affiliated or non-affiliated third parties.
Investment Advisor
Ascentia Capital Partners, LLC
5485 Kietzke Lane
Reno, Nevada 89511
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Deloitte & Touche LLP
555 East Wells Street
Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202
Legal Counsel
Alston & Bird, LLP
950 F Street NW
Washington, D.C. 20004
Custodian
[Union Bank]
Transfer Agent, Fund Accountant and Fund Administrator
Gemini Fund Services, LLC
4020 South 147 th Street
Omaha, NE 68137
Distributor
Northern Lights Distr ibutors, LLC
4020 South 147 th Street
Omaha, NE 68137
Alternative Strategies Mutual Fund
a series of the Northern Lights Fund Trust II
FOR MORE INFORMATION |
You can find more information about the Fund in the following documents:
Statement of Additional Information
The SAI provides additional details about the investments and techniques of the Fund and certain other additional information. A current SAI is on file with the SEC and is incorporated into this Prospectus by reference. This means that the SAI is legally considered a part of this Prospectus even though it is not physically within this Prospectus.
Annual and Semi-Annual Reports
The Predecessor Funds annual and semi-annual reports provide the most recent financial reports and portfolio listings. The annual report contains a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that affected the Predecessor Funds performance during the Predecessor Funds last fiscal year.
You can obtain a free copy of these documents, request other information, or make general inquiries about the Fund by calling the Fund (toll-free) at [ ], on the Funds website www.ascentiafunds.com or by writing to:
Alternative Strategies Mutual Fund
c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC
4020 South 147 th Street
Omaha, NE 68137
You can review and copy information, including the Funds reports and SAI, at the SECs Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. You can obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling (202) 551-8090. Reports and other information about the Fund are also available:
·
free of charge from the SECs EDGAR database on the SECs Internet website at http://www.sec.gov;
·
for a fee, by writing to the SECs Public Reference Room, 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549-1520; or
·
for a fee, by electronic request at the following e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov.
(The Trusts SEC Investment Company Act file number is [ 811- ) ]
The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state in which the offer or sale is not permitted.
Subject to Completion
Preliminary Prospectus Dated [ ], 2011
HUNDREDFOLD FUNDS
PROSPECTUS [ DECEMBER, 2011
Hundredfold Select Alternative Fund
Service Class (SFHYX)
Hundredfold Global Perspective Fund
Service Class (SFGPX)
Hundredfold Equity Opportunity Fund
Service Class (SFEOX)
[ 450 Wireless Blvd
Hauppauge, New York 11788 ]
[ ]
www. [Hundredfold Website]
Like shares of all mutual funds, these securities have not been approved or disapproved by the Securities and Exchange Commission nor has the Securities and Exchange Commission passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offens e.
SUMMARY SECTION
Hundredfold Select Alternative Fund
Investment Objective
The Fund seeks a moderate total rate of return (income plus capital appreciation) on an annual basis.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund.
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) [to be updated by subsequent amendment]
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Management Fees |
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% |
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Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
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1.00% |
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Other Expenses of the Fund |
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% |
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Operating Services Fee |
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% |
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Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses (1) |
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% |
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Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses ( 2 ) |
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% |
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(1) |
These expenses, which include custodian, transfer agency, shareholder servicing, and other direct fund expenses, as well as the indirect costs of investing in other mutual funds and dividend expense on securities sold short, are based on estimated amounts for the Funds current fiscal year. |
(2) |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses for the Fund do not correlate to the Ratios to Average Net Assets: Net Expenses provided in the Financial Highlights section of the statutory prospectus, which reflects the operating expenses of the Fund and does not include acquired fund fees and expenses. |
Example. This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all your shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Funds operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be: [to be updated by subsequent amendment]
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1 Year |
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3 Years |
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5 Years |
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10 Years |
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Investor Class |
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$ |
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$ |
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$ |
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$ |
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Portfolio Turnover. The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Predecessors Funds portfolio turnover rate was [ % ] of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategy
Hundredfold Advisors LLC (Hundredfold or the Subadviser) actively manages the Funds portfolio to invest in any combination of equity and fixed-income securities based on market conditions and trends and the Subadvisers expectations and assessment of risks. (The term Alternative in the Funds name simply refers to the fact that the Subadviser may choose from among many investment alternatives.) Although the Fund may invest directly in equity and fixed-income securities, it will primarily invest in such securities indirectly through securities that invest in or are a derivative of such securities, primarily including futures contracts, swap agreements exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and other investment companies.
The Select Alternative Fund invests directly or indirectly in fixed-income securities without any restriction on maturity or creditworthiness, which primarily include government securities, asset-backed debt securities, mortgaged-backed securities and debt securities rated below investment grade, also known as junk bonds. The Fund invests in equity securities without consideration to any specific sector or market capitalization range. The Subadvisers investment decisions are based on a variety of trading models and an analysis of the overall investment opportunities and risks among categories or sectors of equity and fixed-income securities or investment vehicles that represent pools of such securities, such as major market indices, investment companies and ETFs. The Subadvisers strategy does not involve fundamental research and analysis of individual securities. The Fund is a non-diversified fund, meaning that a relatively high percentage of its assets may be invested in a limited number of issuers of securities. The Fund employs an aggressive management strategy that typically results in high portfolio turnover.
The Subadviser employs an investment strategy that alternates between positions designed to profit from market trends, such as entering into long and short positions, directly or indirectly through ETFs, other investment companies and derivatives of equity and fixed-income securities, and investing in cash or cash equivalents as a temporary defensive measure. The Subadviser seeks to take long positions in or purchase securities prior to or at the outset of upward trends for such securities and seeks to take short positions in or sell securities prior to or early in downward trends in the value of such securities. There is no limit on the amount of the Funds assets that may be invested in derivative instruments or used to cover short positions. The Subadviser may reposition the Funds portfolio in response to market movements in an attempt to participate in a developing trend and may attempt to anticipate market moves and initiate appropriate action in advance of actual market trends. The Subadviser will employ leveraged investment techniques that allow the Fund to increase its exposure to the market during times when the Subadvsier anticipates a strong market trend. The Subadviser also may employ hedging strategies designed to reduce volatility and risk.
Principal Investment Risks
An investment in the Fund entails risks. The Fund could lose money, or its performance could trail that of other investment alternatives. Neither the Subadviser nor the Funds adviser, [Advisors Preferred LLC, LLC ( Advisors Preferred or the Adviser) ] can guarantee that the Fund will achieve its objective. (Collectively, the Subadviser and Advisors Preferred are referred to herein as Advisers in certain circumstances.) In addition, the Fund presents some risks not traditionally associated with most mutual funds. It is important that investors closely review and understand these risks before making an investment in the Fund. Turbulence in financial markets and reduced liquidity in equity, credit and fixed income markets could negatively affect many issuers worldwide, including the Fund. There is the risk that you could lose all or a portion of your money on your investment in the Fund.
Aggressive Investment Techniques Risk
The Fund uses investment techniques that may be considered aggressive. Risks associated with the use of swap agreements and futures contracts include potentially dramatic price changes (losses) in the value of the instruments and imperfect correlations between the price of the contract and the underlying security or index. These instruments may increase the volatility of the Fund and may involve a small investment of cash relative to the magnitude of the risk assumed.
Asset-Backed Securities Risk
Payment of interest and repayment of principal may be impacted by the cash flows generated by the assets backing these securities. The value of the Funds asset-backed securities also may be affected by changes in interest rates, the availability of information concerning the interests in and structure of the pools of purchase contracts, financing leases or sales agreements that are represented by these securities, the creditworthiness of the servicing agent for the pool, the originator of the loans or receivables, or the entities that provide any supporting letters of credit, surety bonds, or other credit enhancements.
Credit Risk
The Fund could lose money if the issuer of a debt security is unable to meet its financial obligations or goes bankrupt. The Fund could also lose money if the issuer of a debt security in which it has a short position is upgraded or generally improves its standing. Changes in an issuers financial strength or in an issuers or debt securitys credit rating also may affect a securitys value and thus have an impact on Fund performance. Credit risk usually applies to most debt securities, but generally is not a factor for U.S. government obligations.
Counterparty Risk
The Fund may invest in financial instruments involving counterparties for the purpose of attempting to gain exposure to a particular group of securities or asset class without actually purchasing those securities or investments, or to hedge a position. The Fund may enter into swap agreements with a limited number of counterparties, which may increase the Funds exposure to counterparty credit risk. Swap agreements also may be considered to be illiquid.
Derivatives Risk
Investments in derivatives are subject to market risks that may cause their prices to fluctuate over time and increase the Funds volatility. As a result, the Fund may incur larger losses or smaller gains than otherwise would be the case if the Fund invested directly in the underlying securities.
Equity Securities Risk
Investments in publicly issued equity securities in general are subject to market risks that may cause their prices to fluctuate over time and in turn cause the Funds NAV to fluctuate.
High Portfolio Turnover Risk
The Fund may experience high portfolio turnover, which would involve correspondingly greater expenses to the Fund, as well as potentially adverse tax consequences, to the Funds shareholders from distributions of increased net short-term capital gains, and may adversely affect the Funds performance.
High-Yield Securities Risk
The Fund will invest a significant portion or all of its assets in securities rated below investment grade or junk bonds. Junk bonds may be sensitive to economic changes, political changes, or adverse developments specific to a company. These securities generally involve greater risk of default or price changes than other types of fixed-income securities and the Funds performance may vary significantly as a result. Therefore, an investment in the Fund is subject to a higher risk of loss than an investment in a fund that may not invest in lower-rated securities.
Holding Cash Risk
The Fund may hold cash positions when the market is not producing returns greater than the short-term cash investments in which the Fund may invest. There is a risk that the sections of the market in which the Fund invests will begin to rise or fall rapidly and the Fund will not be able to sell stocks quickly enough to avoid losses, or reinvest its cash positions into areas of the advancing market quickly enough to capture the initial returns of changing market conditions.
Interest Rate Risk
Debt securities have varying levels of sensitivity to changes in interest rates. The longer the maturity of a security, the greater the impact a change in interest rates could have on the securitys price.
Leverage Risk
The Fund may employ leveraged investment techniques, including the use of financial instruments to produce leverage results as well as borrowing money for investment purposes. Use of leverage can magnify the effects of changes in the value of the Fund and makes it more volatile. The leveraged investment techniques that the Fund employs could cause investors in the Fund to lose more money in adverse environments.
Non-Diversification Risk
A non-diversified fund invests a high percentage of its assets in a limited number of securities, exposing the Fund to fluctuations in net asset value and total return.
Other Investment Companies Risk and ETFs Risk
Investments in the securities of other investment companies may involve duplication of advisory fees and certain other expenses. Fund shareholders indirectly bear the Funds proportionate share of the fees and expenses paid by shareholders of the other investment company or ETF, in addition to the fees and expenses Fund shareholders directly bear in connection with the Funds own operations. If the investment company or ETF fails to achieve its investment objective, the value of the Funds investment will decline, adversely affecting the Funds performance. In addition, ETF shares potentially may trade at a discount or a premium and are subject to brokerage and other trading costs, which could result in greater expenses to a Fund. Finally, because the value of ETF shares depends on the demand in the market, the Adviser may not be able to liquidate a Funds holdings in an ETFs shares at the most optimal time, adversely affecting the Funds performance.
Prepayment Risk and Mortgage-Backed Securities Risk
Many types of debt securities, including mortgage securities, are subject to prepayment risk. Prepayment occurs when the issuer of a security can repay principal prior to the securitys maturity. Securities subject to prepayment can offer less potential for gains during a declining interest rate environment and similar or greater potential for loss in a rising interest rate environment. In addition, the potential impact of prepayment features on the price of a debt security can be difficult to predict and result in greater volatility. As a result, the Fund may have to reinvest its assets in mortgage securities or other debt securities that have lower yields.
Shorting Securities Risk
Short positions are designed to profit from a decline in the price of particular securities, baskets of securities or indices. The Fund will lose value if and when the instruments price rises a result that is the opposite from traditional mutual funds.
Small- and Mid-Capitalization Companies Risk
Investing in the securities of small-capitalization and mid-capitalization companies involves greater risks and the possibility of greater price volatility than investing in larger capitalization and more-established companies. Investments in mid-cap companies involve less risk than investing in small-cap companies. Smaller companies may have limited operating history, product lines, and financial resources, and the securities of these companies may lack sufficient market liquidity. Mid-cap companies often have narrower markets and more limited managerial and financial resources than larger, more established companies.
Subadvisers Investment Strategy Risk
The Subadviser has limited previous experience advising investment companies. The principal risk of investing in the Fund is that the Subadvisers investment strategy will not be successful. While the Subadviser seeks to take advantage of investment opportunities for the Fund that will maximize its investment returns, there is no guarantee that such opportunities will ultimately benefit the Fund. The Subadviser will aggressively change the Funds portfolio in response to market conditions that are unpredictable and may expose the Fund to greater market risk than other mutual funds. There is no assurance that the Subadvisers investment strategy will enable the Fund to achieve its investment objective.
Performance [to be updated by subsequent amendment]
The following performance information provides some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by demonstrating how its returns have varied over time. The bar chart shows changes in the Funds performance from calendar year to calendar year. The table shows how the Funds average annual returns for the one-year, five-5 year and since inception periods compare with those of a broad-based market index for the same periods. Prior to June 11, 2007, the Fund pursued a different investment objective and strategy; therefore, performance results presented for periods prior to that date reflect the performance of the prior strategy. The Funds past performance, before and after taxes, is not necessarily an indication of how it will perform in the future. Updated performance is available on the Funds website at www. Northern Lights or Hundredfold? or by calling the Fund toll-free at [_____].
The Fund was reorganized on [_____], 2011 from a series of The Direxion Funds, a Massachusetts business trust (the Select Alternative Predecessor Fund) to a series of Northern Lights Fund Trust II, a Delaware statutory trust (the Reorganization). The Fund is a continuation of the Select Alternative Predecessor Fund and, therefore, the performance information includes performance of the Select Alternative Predecessor Fund.
Total Return for the Calendar Year Ended December 31*
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Year-to-date total return as of September 30, 2011 for the Fund was %. |
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During the period of time shown in the bar chart, the Funds highest calendar quarter return was 15.12% for the quarter ended June 30, 2009 and its lowest calendar quarter return was 5.37% for the quarter ended March 31, 2008.
Average Annual Total Returns (for the periods ended December 31, 201 0 )
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Hundredfold Select Alternative Fund |
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Return Before Taxes |
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Return After Taxes on Distributions |
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Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares |
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Barclays Capital U.S. Aggregate Bond Index |
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S&P 500 Index |
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After-tax returns are calculated using the historically highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investors tax situation and may differ from those shown, and after-tax returns are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts (IRAS).
The Barclays Capital U.S. Aggregate Bond Index (formerly known as the Lehman U.S. Aggregate Bond Index) is an unmanaged, market value weighted index of investment grade, fixed-rate debt issues, including government, corporate, asset-backed, and mortgage-backed securities, with maturities of at least one year. The performance of the index does not reflect deductions for fees, expenses or taxes.
The Standard & Poors 500 ® Index is an unmanaged index of 500 U.S. stocks and gives a broad look at how 500 of the largest companies in aggregate market value have performed. The performance of the index does not reflect deductions for fees, expenses or taxes.
Management
Investment Adviser. Advisors Preferred LLC is the Funds investment adviser.
Investment Subadviser. Hundredfold Advisors LLC is the Funds investment subadviser.
Portfolio Manager. Ralph J. Doudera, the founder, CEO and investment manager for Hundredfold, has managed the Fund since its inception in September of 2004, under supervision.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
You may purchase or redeem Fund shares on any business day by written request via mail ( Hundredfold Select Alternative Fund, c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC, 4020 S. 147 th Street, Omaha, NE 68137, by wire transfer, by telephone at [_________} or through a financial intermediary. Purchases and redemptions by telephone are only permitted if you previously established these options on your account. IRA accounts are not eligible for telephone redemption privileges. The Fund accepts investment in the following minimum amounts:
Do we need to mention how exceptions to any minimums are handled?
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Regular Accounts |
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25,000 |
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1,000 |
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Retirement Accounts |
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25,000 |
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0 |
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Tax Information
The Funds distributions to you are taxable, and will be taxed as ordinary income or net capital gain, unless you are investing through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an IRA. Distributions on investments made through tax-deferred vehicles, such as 401(k) plans or IRAs, may be taxed later upon withdrawal of assets from those plans or accounts.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank or financial advisor), the Fund and/or the Adviser may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other financial intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediarys website for more information.
Hundredfold Global Perspective Fund
Investment Objective
The Fund seeks a moderate total rate of return (income plus capital appreciation) on an annual basis.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund.
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) [to be updated by subsequent investment]
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Management Fees |
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% |
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Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
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1.00% |
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Other Expenses of the Fund |
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% |
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Operating Services Fee |
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Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses (1) |
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% |
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Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses ( 2 ) |
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% |
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( 1) These expenses, which include custodian, transfer agency, shareholder servicing, and other direct fund expenses, as well as the indirect costs of investing in other mutual funds and dividend expense on securities sold short, are based on estimated amounts for the Funds current fiscal year.
(2) Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses for the Fund do not correlate to the Ratios to Average Net Assets: Net Expenses provided in the Financial Highlights section of the statutory prospectus, which reflects the operating expenses of the Fund and does not include acquired fund fees and expenses.
Example. This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all your shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Funds operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be: [to be updated by subsequent investment]
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Investor Class |
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Portfolio Turnover. The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Funds portfolio turnover rate was [ % ] of the average value of its portfolio. The Fund has a very high portfolio turnover due to its aggressive management strategy.
Principal Investment Strategy
Hundredfold Advisors LLC (Hundredfold or the Subadviser) actively manages the Funds portfolio by attempting to anticipate, and respond to, trends in markets in various countries and regions around the world. The Fund will invest directly in developed and emerging market countries in Europe, the Far East, the Middle East, Africa, Australia and Latin America. The Fund may invest in international equity and debt securities directly or indirectly through securities that invest in or are a derivative of international equity securities, primarily including futures contracts, swap agreements, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), and other investment companies. The Fund may invest directly in individual foreign securities or indirectly through American Depository Receipts (ADRs). Although the Fund may invest in domestic equity and debt securities, it will primarily invest in international equity and debt securities, including junk bonds.
The Subadviser employs an investment strategy that alternates between positions designed to profit from market trends, such as entering into long and short positions in domestic and international securities, and investing in cash or cash equivalents as a temporary defensive measure. The Subadviser seeks to take long positions in domestic or international securities prior to or at the outset of upward trends for such securities and seeks to take short positions in or sell such securities prior to or early in downward trends in the value of such securities. The Subadviser will analyze the overall investment opportunities and risks among issuers in various countries, regions and market sectors of foreign securities or investment vehicles that represent pools of foreign securities, such as major market indices and ETFs. The Subadvisers strategy does not involve fundamental research and analysis of individual equity securities. The Fund is a non-diversified fund, meaning that a relatively high percentage of its assets may be invested in a limited number of issuers of securities. The Fund employs an aggressive management strategy that typically results in high portfolio turnover.
The Subadviser will consider elements of market trends and momentum, including price actions, advance-decline lines, market highs and lows and the overall direction of market trends. As a result, the Subadviser may reposition the Funds portfolio in response to market movements in an attempt to participate in a developing trend. The Subadviser also may attempt to anticipate market moves and initiate appropriate action in advance of actual market trends in order to minimize the loss of capital appreciation that would occur with a buy and hold investment strategy. The Subadviser will likely engage in frequent trading of the Funds securities in an attempt to position its portfolio in line with the Subadvisers expectations for market trends. In addition, the Subadviser will employ leveraged investment techniques that allow the Fund to gain greater exposure to target securities.
Principal Investment Risks
An investment in the Fund entails risks. The Fund could lose money, or its performance could trail that of other investment alternatives. The Advisers cannot guarantee that the Fund will achieve its objective. In addition, the Fund presents some risks not traditionally associated with most mutual funds. It is important that investors closely review and understand these risks before making an investment in the Fund. Turbulence in financial markets and reduced liquidity in equity, credit and fixed income markets could negatively affect many issuers worldwide, including the Fund. There is the risk that you could lose all or a portion of your money on your investment in the Fund.
Aggressive Investment Techniques Risk
The Fund uses investment techniques that may be considered aggressive. Risks associated with the use of swap agreements and futures contracts include potentially dramatic price changes (losses) in the value of the instruments and imperfect correlations between the price of the contract and the underlying security or index. These instruments may increase the volatility of the Fund and may involve a small investment of cash relative to the magnitude of the risk assumed.
Credit Risk
The Fund could lose money if the issuer of a debt security is unable to meet its financial obligations or goes bankrupt. The Fund could also lose money if the issuer of a debt security in which it has a short position is upgraded or generally improves its standing. Changes in an issuers financial strength or in an issuers or debt securitys credit rating also may affect a securitys value and thus have an impact on Fund performance. Credit risk usually applies to most debt securities, but generally is not a factor for U.S. government obligations.
Counterparty Risk
The Fund may invest in financial instruments involving counterparties for the purpose of attempting to gain exposure to a particular group of securities or asset class without actually purchasing those securities or investments, or to hedge a position. The Fund may enter into swap agreements with a limited number of counterparties, which may increase the Funds exposure to counterparty credit risk. Swap agreements also may be considered to be illiquid.
Derivatives Risk
Investments in derivatives are subject to market risks that may cause their prices to fluctuate over time and increase the Funds volatility. As a result, the Fund may incur larger losses or smaller gains than otherwise would be the case if the Fund invested directly in the underlying securities.
Emerging Markets Risk
Investments in emerging markets instruments involve greater risks than investing in foreign instruments in general. Risks of investing in emerging market countries include political or social upheaval, nationalization of businesses, restrictions on foreign ownership and prohibitions on the repatriation of assets and risks from an economys dependence on revenues from particular commodities or industries. In addition, currency transfer restrictions, limited potential buyers for such instruments, delays and disruption in settlement procedures and illiquidity or low volumes of transactions may make exits difficult or impossible at times.
Equity Securities Risk
Investments in publicly issued equity securities in general are subject to market risks that may cause their prices to fluctuate over time and in turn cause the Funds NAV to fluctuate.
Foreign Securities Risk
Investments in foreign securities involve greater risks than investing in domestic securities. As a result, the Funds returns and net asset values may be affected to a large degree by fluctuations in currency exchange rates, political, diplomatic or economic conditions and regulatory requirements in other countries. The Fund also may invest in depositary receipts, including ADRs, which are traded on exchanges and provide an alternative to investing directly in foreign securities. Investments in ADRs are subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities.
High Portfolio Turnover Risk
The Fund may experience high portfolio turnover, which would involve correspondingly greater expenses to the Fund, as well as potentially adverse tax consequences, to the Funds shareholders from distributions of increased net short-term capital gains and may adversely affect the Funds performance.
High-Yield Securities Risk
The Fund will invest a significant portion or all of its assets in securities rated below investment grade or junk bonds. Junk bonds may be sensitive to economic changes, political changes, or adverse developments specific to a company. These securities generally involve greater risk of default or price changes than other types of fixed-income securities and the Funds performance may vary significantly as a result. Therefore, an investment in the Fund is subject to a higher risk of loss than an investment in a fund that may not invest in lower-rated securities.
Holding Cash Risk
The Fund may hold cash positions when the market is not producing returns greater than the short-term cash investments in which the Fund may invest. There is a risk that the sections of the market in which the Fund invests will begin to rise or fall rapidly and the Fund will not be able to sell stocks quickly enough to avoid losses, or reinvest its cash positions into areas of the advancing market quickly enough to capture the initial returns of changing market conditions.
Interest Rate Risk
Debt securities have varying levels of sensitivity to changes in interest rates. The longer the maturity of a security, the greater the impact a change in interest rates could have on the securitys price.
Leverage Risk
The Fund may employ leveraged investment techniques, including the use of financial instruments to produce leverage results as well as borrowing money for investment purposes. Use of leverage can magnify the effects of changes in the value of the Fund and makes it more volatile. The leveraged investment techniques that the Fund employs could cause investors in the Fund to lose more money in adverse environments.
Non-Diversification Risk
A non-diversified fund invests a high percentage of its assets in a limited number of securities, exposing the Fund to fluctuations in net asset value and total return.
Other Investment Companies and ETFs Risk
Investments in the securities of other investment companies may involve duplication of advisory fees and certain other expenses. Fund shareholders indirectly bear the Funds proportionate share of the fees and expenses paid by shareholders of the other investment company or ETF, in addition to the fees and expenses Fund shareholders directly bear in connection with the Funds own operations. If the investment company or ETF fails to achieve its investment objective, the value of the Funds investment will decline, adversely affecting the Funds performance. In addition, ETF shares potentially may trade at a discount or a premium and are subject to brokerage and other trading costs, which could result in greater expenses to a Fund. Finally, because the value of ETF shares depends on the demand in the market, the Adviser may not be able to liquidate a Funds holdings in an ETFs shares at the most optimal time, adversely affecting the Funds performance.
Shorting Securities Risk
Short positions are designed to profit from a decline in the price of particular securities, baskets of securities or indices. The Fund will lose value if and when the instruments price rises a result that is the opposite from traditional mutual funds.
Small and Mid-Capitalization Companies Risk
Investing in the securities of small-capitalization and mid-capitalization companies involves greater risks and the possibility of greater price volatility than investing in larger capitalization and more-established companies. Investments in mid-cap companies involve less risk than investing in small-cap companies. Smaller companies may have limited operating history, product lines, and financial resources, and the securities of these companies may lack
sufficient market liquidity. Mid-cap companies often have narrower markets and more limited managerial and financial resources than larger, more established companies.
Subadvisers Investment Strategy Risk
The Subadviser has limited previous experience advising investment companies. The principal risk of investing in the Fund is that the Subadvisers investment strategy will not be successful. While the Subadviser seeks to take advantage of investment opportunities for the Fund that will maximize its investment returns, there is no guarantee that such opportunities will ultimately benefit the Fund. The Subadviser will aggressively change the Funds portfolio in response to market conditions that are unpredictable and may expose the Fund to greater market risk than other mutual funds. There is no assurance that the Subadvisers investment strategy will enable the Fund to achieve its investment objective.
Performance [to be updated by subsequent investment]
The following performance information provides some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by demonstrating how its returns have varied over time. The bar chart shows changes in the Funds performance from calendar year to calendar year. The table shows how the Funds average annual returns for the one-year, five-year and since inception periods compare with those of a broad-based market index for the same periods. The Funds past performance, before and after taxes, is not necessarily an indication of how it will perform in the future. Updated performance is available on the Funds website at www.direxionfunds.com or by calling the Fund toll-free at [ ].
The Fund was reorganized on [_____], 2011 from a series of The Direxion Funds, a Massachusetts business trust (the Global Perspective Predecessor Fund) to a series of Northern Lights Fund Trust II, a Delaware statutory trust (the Reorganization). The Fund is a continuation of the Global Perspective Predecessor Fund and, therefore, the performance information includes performance of the Global Perspective Predecessor Fund.
Total Return for the Calendar Year Ended December 31*
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* |
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Year-to-date total return as of September 30, 2011 for the Fund was [ % ]. |
During the period of time shown in the bar chart, the Funds highest calendar quarter return was 17.57% for the quarter ended June 30, 2009 and its lowest calendar quarter return was 7.79% for the quarter ended March 31, 2009.
Average Annual Total Returns (for the periods ended December 31, 201 0 )
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Inception |
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1 Year |
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5 Years |
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(9/27/2004) |
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Hundredfold Global Perspective Fund |
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Return Before Taxes |
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% |
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% |
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% |
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Return After Taxes on Distributions |
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% |
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% |
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% |
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Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares |
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% |
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% |
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% |
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MSCI World Index |
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% |
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% |
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% |
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S&P 500 ® Index |
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% |
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% |
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% |
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After-tax returns are calculated using the historically highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investors tax situation and may differ from those shown, and after-tax returns are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as 401(k) plans or IRA.
The MSCI World Index is a free float-adjusted market capitalization weighted index that is designed to measure the equity market performance of developed markets. [As of May 2010, the MSCI World Index consisted of the following 24 developed market country indices: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The performance of the index does not reflect deductions for fees, expenses or taxes.]
The Standard & Poors 500 ® Index is an unmanaged index of 500 U.S. stocks and gives a broad look at how 500 of the largest companies in aggregate market value have performed. The performance of the index does not reflect deductions for fees, expenses or taxes.
Management
Investment Adviser. Advisors Preferred LLC is the Funds investment adviser. ]
Investment Subadviser. Hundredfold Advisors LLC is the Funds investment subadviser.
Portfolio Manager. Ralph J. Doudera, the founder, CEO and investment manager for Hundredfold, has managed the Fund since its inception in September of 2004, under supervision ].
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
You may purchase or redeem Fund shares on any business day by written request via mail ( Hundredfold Global Perspective Fund, c/o Gemini Fund services, LLC 4020 S. 147 th Street, Omaha, NE 68137, by wire transfer, by telephone at [__________], or through a financial intermediary. Purchases and redemptions by telephone are only permitted if you previously established these options on your account. IRA accounts are not eligible for telephone redemption privileges. The Fund accepts investment in the following minimum amounts:
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Subsequent |
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Initial Investment |
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Investment |
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Regular Accounts |
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$ |
25,000 |
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$ |
1,000 |
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Retirement Accounts |
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$ |
25,000 |
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$ |
0 |
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Tax Information
The Funds distributions to you are taxable, and will be taxed as ordinary income or net capital gain, unless you are investing through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an IRA. Distributions on investments made through tax-deferred vehicles, such as 401(k) plans or IRA, may be taxed later upon withdrawal of assets from those plans or accounts.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank or financial advisor), the Fund and/or the Adviser may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other financial intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediarys website for more information.
Hundredfold Equity Opportunity Fund
Investment Objective
The Fund seeks a high total rate of return (income from short-term trading plus capital appreciation) on an annual basis.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund.
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) [to be updated by subsequent amendment]
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Management Fees |
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1.00% |
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Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
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% |
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Other Expenses of the Fund (1) |
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% |
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Operating Services Fee |
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Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses ( 2 ) |
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( 1)These expenses, which include custodian, transfer agency, shareholder servicing, and other direct fund expenses, as well as the indirect costs of investing in other mutual funds and dividend expense on securities sold short, are based on estimated amounts for the Funds current fiscal year.
(2)The Fund was reorganized on [_____], 2011 from a series of The Direxion Funds, a Massachusetts business trust (the Global Perspective Predecessor Fund) to a series of Northern Lights Fund Trust II, a Delaware statutory trust (the Reorganization). The Fund is a continuation of the Global Perspective Predecessor Fund and, therefore, the performance information includes performance of the Global Perspective Predecessor Fund.
Example. This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all your shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Funds operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be: [to be updated by subsequent amendment]
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$ |
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$ |
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$ |
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Portfolio Turnover. The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Funds portfolio turnover rate was [ % ] of the average value of its portfolio. The Fund has a very high portfolio turnover due to its aggressive management strategy.
Principal Investment Strategy
Under normal market conditions, the Fund will invest at least 80% (w/ the language Under normal market conditions I assume the 80% could be a target. I would like to make sure if the portfolio is 100% invested but 25% is Junk Bonds this can be done in this fund. The other two funds do not have a % target. Under the Additional details about the funds section it does state the fund could be 100% in cash) of its net assets (plus any borrowing for investment purposes) in equity securities or derivatives of such securities. The Fund invests in equity securities of any market capitalization, investment style, market sector or industry. The Fund also may seek exposure to issuers of foreign securities. Although the Fund may invest directly in equity securities, it may also invest in such securities indirectly through securities that invest in or are a derivative of equity securities, primarily including futures contracts, swap agreements, exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and other investment companies. The Fund is a non-diversified fund, meaning that a relatively high percentage of its assets may be invested in a limited number of issuers of securities.
[ Hundredfold Advisors LLC (Hundredfold or the Subadviser) ] actively manages the Funds portfolio by attempting to anticipate, and respond to, trends in equity securities. The Subadviser will employ an investment strategy that alternates between positions designed to profit from market trends, such as entering into long and short positions of equity securities, and investing in cash or cash equivalents as a temporary defensive measure. The Subadviser seeks to take long positions in or purchase equity securities prior to or at the outset of upward trends for such securities and seeks to take short positions in or sell equity securities prior to or early in downward trends in the value of such securities. When the Subadviser believes it appropriate, the Subadviser will employ leveraged investment techniques that allow the Equity Fund to gain greater exposure to its target investments. The Fund employs an aggressive management strategy that typically results in high portfolio turnover.
The Subadviser will consider elements of market trends and momentum, including price actions, advance-decline lines, market highs and lows and the overall direction of market trends. The Subadvisers strategy does not involve fundamental research and analysis of individual equity securities. The Subadviser will analyze the overall investment opportunities and risks among categories or sectors of equity securities or investment vehicles that represent pools of equity securities, such as major market indices and ETFs. As a result, the Subadviser may reposition the Funds portfolio in response to market movements in an attempt to participate in a developing trend and may attempt to anticipate market moves and initiate appropriate action in advance of actual market trends. The Subadviser will likely engage in frequent trading of the Funds securities in an attempt to position its portfolio in line with the Subadvisers expectations for market trends.
Principal Investment Risks
An investment in the Fund entails risks. The Fund could lose money, or its performance could trail that of other investment alternatives. The Advisers cannot guarantee that the Fund will achieve its objective. In addition, the Fund presents some risks not traditionally associated with most mutual funds. It is important that investors closely review and understand these risks before making an investment in the Fund. Turbulence in financial markets and reduced liquidity in equity, credit and fixed income markets could negatively affect many issuers worldwide, including the Fund. There is the risk that you could lose all or a portion of your money on your investment in the Fund.
Aggressive Investment Techniques Risk
The Fund uses investment techniques that may be considered aggressive. Risks associated with the use of swap agreements and futures contracts include potentially dramatic price changes (losses) in the value of the instruments and imperfect correlations between the price of the contract and the underlying security or index. These instruments may increase the volatility of the Fund and may involve a small investment of cash relative to the magnitude of the risk assumed.
Counterparty Risk
The Fund may invest in financial instruments involving counterparties for the purpose of attempting to gain exposure to a particular group of securities or asset class without actually purchasing those securities or investments, or to hedge a position. The Fund may enter into swap agreements with a limited number of counterparties, which may increase the Funds exposure to counterparty credit risk. Swap agreements also may be considered to be illiquid.
Derivatives Risk
Investments in derivatives are subject to market risks that may cause their prices to fluctuate over time and increase the Funds volatility. As a result, the Fund may incur larger losses or smaller gains than otherwise would be the case if the Fund invested directly in the underlying securities.
Equity Securities Risk
Investments in publicly issued equity securities in general are subject to market risks that may cause their prices to fluctuate over time and in turn cause the Funds NAV to fluctuate.
Foreign Securities Risk
Investments in foreign securities involve greater risks than investing in domestic securities. As a result, the Funds returns and net asset values may be affected to a large degree by fluctuations in currency exchange rates, political, diplomatic or economic conditions and regulatory requirements in other countries. The Fund also may invest in depositary receipts, including ADRs, which are traded on exchanges and provide an alternative to investing directly in foreign securities. Investments in ADRs are subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities.
High Portfolio Turnover Risk
The Fund may experience high portfolio turnover, which would involve correspondingly greater expenses to the Fund, as well as potentially adverse tax consequences, to the Funds shareholders from distributions of increased net short-term capital gains and may adversely affect the Funds performance.
Holding Cash Risk
The Fund may hold cash positions when the market is not producing returns greater than the short-term cash investments in which the Fund may invest. There is a risk that the sections of the market in which the Fund invests will begin to rise or fall rapidly and the Fund will not be able to sell stocks quickly enough to avoid losses, or reinvest its cash positions into areas of the advancing market quickly enough to capture the initial returns of changing market conditions.
Leverage Risk
The Fund may employ leveraged investment techniques, including the use of financial instruments to produce
leverage results as well as borrowing money for investment purposes. Use of leverage can magnify the effects of changes in the value of the Fund and makes it more volatile. The leveraged investment techniques that the Fund employs could cause investors in the Fund to lose more money in adverse environments.
Non-Diversification Risk
A non-diversified fund invests a high percentage of its assets in a limited number of securities, exposing the Fund to fluctuations in net asset value and total return.
Other Investment Companies and ETFs Risk
Investments in the securities of other investment companies may involve duplication of advisory fees and certain other expenses. Fund shareholders indirectly bear the Funds proportionate share of the fees and expenses paid by shareholders of the other investment company or ETF, in addition to the fees and expenses Fund shareholders directly bear in connection with the Funds own operations. If the investment company or ETF fails to achieve its investment objective, the value of the Funds investment will decline, adversely affecting the Funds performance. In addition, ETF shares potentially may trade at a discount or a premium and are subject to brokerage and other trading costs, which could result in greater expenses to a Fund. Finally, because the value of ETF shares depends on the demand in the market, the Adviser may not be able to liquidate a Funds holdings in an ETFs shares at the most optimal time, adversely affecting the Funds performance.
Shorting Securities Risk
Short positions are designed to profit from a decline in the price of particular securities, baskets of securities or indices. The Fund will lose value if and when the instruments price rises a result that is the opposite from traditional mutual funds.
Small- and Mid-Capitalization Companies Risk
Investing in the securities of small-capitalization and mid-capitalization companies involves greater risks and the possibility of greater price volatility than investing in larger capitalization and more-established companies. Investments in mid-cap companies involve less risk than investing in small-cap companies. Smaller companies may have limited operating history, product lines, and financial resources, and the securities of these companies may lack sufficient market liquidity. Mid-cap companies often have narrower markets and more limited managerial and financial resources than larger, more established companies.
Subadvisers Investment Strategy Risk
The Subadviser has limited previous experience advising investment companies. The principal risk of investing in the Fund is that the Subadvisers investment strategy will not be successful. While the Subadviser seeks to take advantage of investment opportunities for the Fund that will maximize its investment returns, there is no guarantee that such opportunities will ultimately benefit the Fund. The Subadviser will aggressively change the Funds portfolio in response to market conditions that are unpredictable and may expose the Fund to greater market risk than other mutual funds. There is no assurance that the Subadvisers investment strategy will enable the Fund to achieve its investment objective.
Performance [to be updated by subsequent amendment]
The following performance information provides some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by demonstrating how its returns have varied over time. The bar chart shows changes in the Funds performance from calendar year to calendar year. The table shows how the Funds average annual returns for the one year, five year and since inception periods compare with those of a broad-based market index for the same periods. The Funds past performance, before and after taxes, is not necessarily an indication of how it will perform in the future. Updated performance is available on the Funds website at www.direxionfunds.com or by calling the Fund toll-free at [ ].
The Fund was reorganized on [_____], 2011 from a series of The Direxion Funds, a Massachusetts business trust (the Equity Opportunity Predecessor Fund) to a series of Northern Lights Fund Trust II, a Delaware statutory trust (the Reorganization). The Fund is a continuation of the Equity Opportunity Predecessor Fund and, therefore, the performance information includes performance of the Equity Opportunity Predecessor Fund.
Total Return for the Calendar Year Ended December 31*
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* |
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Year-to-date total return as of September 30, 2011 for the Fund was [ % ]. |
During the period of time shown in the bar chart, the Funds highest calendar quarter return was 15.12% for the quarter ended September 30, 2008 and its lowest calendar quarter return was 10.07% for the quarter ended March 31, 2008.
Average Annual Total Returns (for the periods ended December 31, 2009)
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Since |
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Inception |
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1 Year |
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5 Years |
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(10/11/2004) |
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Hundredfold Equity Opportunity Fund |
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Return Before Taxes |
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% |
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% |
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% |
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Return After Taxes on Distributions |
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% |
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% |
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% |
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Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares |
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% |
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% |
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% |
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S&P 500 ® Index |
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% |
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% |
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% |
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After-tax returns are calculated using the historically highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investors tax situation and may differ from those shown, and after-tax returns are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as 401(k) plans or IRA.
The Standard & Poors 500 ® Index is an unmanaged index of 500 U.S. stocks and gives a broad look at how 500 of the largest companies in aggregate market value have performed. The performance of the index does not reflect deductions for fees, expenses or taxes.
Management
Investment Adviser. Advisors Preferred LLC, LLC is the Funds investment adviser. ]
Investment Subadviser. [ Hundredfold Advisors LLC is the Funds investment subadviser. ]
Portfolio Manager. [ Ralph J. Doudera, the founder, CEO and investment manager for Hundredfold, has managed the Fund since its inception in October of 2004, under supervision. ].
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
You may purchase or redeem Fund shares on any business day by written request via mail ( Hundredfold Equity Opportunity Fund, c/o Gemini Fund services, LLC, 4020 S. 147 th Street, Omaha, NE 68137, by wire transfer, by telephone at [__________], or through a financial intermediary. Purchases and redemptions by telephone are only permitted if you previously established these options on your account. IRA accounts are not eligible for telephone redemption privileges. The Fund accepts investment in the following minimum amounts:
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Minimum |
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Subsequent |
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Initial Investment |
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Investment |
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Regular Accounts |
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$ |
25,000 |
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$ |
1,000 |
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Retirement Accounts |
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$ |
25,000 |
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$ |
0 |
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Tax Information
The Funds distributions to you are taxable, and will be taxed as ordinary income or net capital gain, unless you are investing through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an IRA. Distributions on investments made through tax-deferred vehicles, such as 401(k) plans or IRAs, may be taxed later upon withdrawal of assets from those plans or accounts.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank or financial advisor), the Fund and/or the Adviser may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other financial intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediarys website for more informa
ADDITIONAL DETAILS ABOUT THE FUNDS
This Prospectus relates to the Service Class shares of the Hundredfold Select Alternative Fund (the Select Alternative Fund), Hundredfold Global Perspective Fund (the Global Fund) and Hundredfold Equity Opportunity Fund (the Equity Fund) (each a Fund and collectively the Funds). Advisors Preferred LLC serves as the Funds investment adviser and Hundredfold Advisors LLC serves as the Funds subadviser.
Events in the financial sector have resulted, and may result, in an unusually high degree of volatility in the financial markets. Both domestic and foreign equity markets could experience increased volatility and turmoil, and it is uncertain whether or for how long these conditions could continue. The U.S. Government had taken a number of unprecedented actions designed to support certain financial institutions and segments of the financial markets that experienced extreme volatility, and in some cases a lack of liquidity. Reduced liquidity in equity, credit and fixed-income markets adversely affect many issuers worldwide. These events and possible continued market turbulence may have an adverse effect on the Funds.
Hundredfold Select Alternative Fund
Portfolio Investment Strategy. The Subadviser actively manages the Select Alternative Funds portfolio to invest in any combination of equity and fixed-income securities based on market conditions and trends and the Subadvisers expectations and assessment of risks. (The term Alternative in the Funds name simply refers to the fact that the Subadviser may choose from among many investment alternatives.) Within these securities, the Subadviser employs an investment strategy that alternates between positions designed to profit from market trends, such as entering into long and short positions, directly or indirectly through ETFs, other investment companies and, as discussed later in this section, derivatives of equity and fixed-income securities, and investing in cash or cash equivalents as a temporary defensive measure. The Subadviser seeks to take long positions in or purchase securities prior to or at the outset of upward trends for such securities and seeks to take short positions in or sell securities prior to or early in downward trends in the value of such securities. There is no limit on the amount of the Select Alternative Funds assets that may be invested in the derivative instruments later discussed or used to cover short positions.
The Subadvisers decisions are based on a variety of trading models and an analysis of the overall investment opportunities and risks among categories or sectors of equity and fixed-income securities or investment vehicles that represent pools of such securities, including major market indices, investment companies and ETFs. The Subadvisers strategy does not involve fundamental research and analysis of individual securities. The Subadviser considers elements of market trends and momentum, including price actions, advance-decline lines, market highs and lows and the overall direction of market trends. The Subadviser may reposition the Select Alternative Funds portfolio in response to market movements in an attempt to participate in a developing trend and may attempt to anticipate market moves and initiate appropriate action in advance of actual market trends.
The Subadviser will likely engage in frequent trading of the Select Alternative Funds securities in an attempt to position its portfolio in line with the Subadvisers expectations for market trends. In addition, the Subadviser will employ leveraged investment techniques that allow the Select Alternative Fund to increase its exposure to the market during times when the Subadviser anticipates a strong market trend. The Subadviser also may employ hedging strategies designed to reduce volatility and risk.
Although the Select Alternative Fund may invest directly in equity and fixed-income securities, it will primarily invest in such securities indirectly through securities that invest in or are a derivative of such securities, primarily including futures contracts, swap agreements, ETFs and other investment companies. The Select Alternative Fund also may invest in options contracts, options on futures contracts and financial instruments in baskets of equity or fixed income securities.
The Select Alternative Funds direct investments may include the following equity and fixed-income securities in any combination that the Subadviser believes appropriate:
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High-yield bonds (Junk Bonds); |
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U.S. Treasury bonds and notes; |
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U.S. government-sponsored enterprises; |
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U.S. dollar-denominated corporate obligations; |
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Mortgage and asset-backed securities; |
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Corporate bonds and notes and asset-backed securities; |
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Zero-coupon bonds; |
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Commercial paper and other money market instruments; |
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Fixed-income securities issued by foreign governments and companies that are denominated in U.S. dollars or foreign currencies, some of which may be issued by governments in emerging market countries; |
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Common stocks; |
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Preferred stocks; and |
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Convertible securities. |
The Select Alternative Fund invests in fixed-income securities without any restriction on maturity or creditworthiness, which could range from government securities to Junk Bonds, which are debt securities rated below investment grade. With respect to the Select Alternative Funds investments in fixed-income securities, the Subadviser will lengthen and shorten the average dollar weighted maturity of the portfolio and make shifts in quality and sector distribution, according to the Subadvisers expectations for the future course of interest rates and the then-prevailing price and yield levels in the fixed-income market. The Select Alternative Fund invests in equity securities without consideration to any specific sector or market capitalization range.
Consistent with its investment strategy for temporary defensive purposes, up to 100% of the Select Alternative Funds assets may be invested in cash or cash equivalents. To earn income on available cash, a large portion or all of the assets of the Select Alternative Fund may be invested in high quality, U.S. dollar-denominated short-term obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities and repurchase agreements that are fully collateralized by such obligations. As a result of investing in cash and cash equivalents, the Select Alternative Fund may not achieve its investment objective.
The Select Alternative Fund is a non-diversified fund, meaning that a relatively high percentage of its assets may be invested in a limited number of issuers of securities.
Hundredfold Global Perspective Fund
Portfolio Investment Strategy. The Subadviser actively manages the Global Funds portfolio by attempting to anticipate, and respond to, trends in markets in various countries and regions around the world, including emerging markets. The Subadviser employs an investment strategy that alternates between positions designed to profit from market trends, such as entering into long and short positions in domestic and international securities, and investing in cash or cash equivalents as a temporary defensive measure. The Subadviser seeks to take long positions in domestic or international securities prior to or at the outset of upward trends for such securities and seeks to take short positions in or sell such securities prior to or early in downward trends in the value of such securities.
The Subadviser considers elements of market trends and momentum, including price actions, advance-decline lines, market highs and lows and the overall direction of market trends. As a result, the Subadviser may reposition the Global Funds portfolio in response to market movements in an attempt to participate in a developing trend. The Subadviser also may attempt to anticipate market moves and initiate appropriate action in advance of actual market trends in order to minimize the loss of capital appreciation that would occur with a buy and hold investment strategy. The Subadviser will likely engage in frequent trading of the Global Funds securities in an attempt to position its portfolio in line with the Subadvisers expectations for market trends. In addition, the Subadviser employs leveraged investment techniques that allow the Global Fund to gain greater exposure to target securities.
The Subadviser analyzes the overall investment opportunities and risks among issuers in various countries, regions and market sectors of foreign securities or investment vehicles that represent pools of foreign securities, such as major market indices and ETFs. The Subadvisers strategy does not involve fundamental research and analysis of individual equity securities.
Although the Global Fund may invest in domestic equity and debt securities, it primarily invests in international equity and debt securities, including Junk Bonds. In addition, the Global Fund may invest in foreign currencies. The Global Fund generally invests in such international equity and debt securities and foreign currencies indirectly through securities that invest in or are a derivative of international equity securities, primarily including futures contracts, swap agreements, ETFs and other investment companies. The Global Fund also may invest in options contracts, options on future contracts and financial instruments consisting of interest in baskets of international equity securities
The Global Fund may also invest directly in foreign currencies and individual foreign securities or indirectly through ADRs. The Global Fund primarily invests in developed and emerging countries in Europe, the Far East, the Middle East, Africa, Australia and Latin America. In addition, the Global Fund may invest in international equity securities representing any market capitalization, investment style, market sector or industry.
The Global Fund is not meant to provide diversified exposure to international securities. The Global Fund is a non-diversified fund, meaning that a relatively high percentage of its assets may be invested in a limited number of issuers of securities.
Consistent with its investment strategy, up to 100% of the Global Funds assets may be invested in cash or cash equivalents. To earn income on available cash, a large portion or all of the assets of the Global Fund may be invested in high quality, U.S. dollar-denominated short-term obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities and repurchase agreements that are fully collateralized by such obligations. As a result of investing in cash and cash equivalents, the Global Fund may not achieve its investment objective.
Hundredfold Equity Opportunity Fund
Portfolio Investment Strategy. The Subadviser actively manages the Equity Funds portfolio by attempting to anticipate, and respond to, trends in equity securities. The Subadviser will employ an investment strategy that alternates between positions designed to profit from market trends, such as entering into long and short positions of equity securities, and investing in cash or cash equivalents as a temporary defensive measure. The Subadviser seeks to take long positions in or purchase equity securities prior to or at the outset of upward trends for such securities and seeks to take short positions in or sell equity securities prior to or early in downward trends in the value of such securities. When the Subadviser believes it appropriate, the Subadviser will employ leveraged investment techniques that allow the Equity Fund to gain greater exposure to its target investments.
The Subadviser will consider elements of market trends and momentum, including price actions, advance-decline lines, market highs and lows and the overall direction of market trends. The Subadvisers strategy does not involve fundamental research and analysis of individual equity securities. The Subadviser will analyze the overall investment opportunities and risks among categories or sectors of equity securities or investment vehicles that represent pools of equity securities, such as major market indices and ETFs. As a result, the Subadviser may reposition the Equity Funds portfolio in response to market movements in an attempt to participate in a developing trend and may attempt to anticipate market moves and initiate appropriate action in advance of actual market trends. The Subadviser will likely engage in frequent trading of the Equity Funds securities in an attempt to position its portfolio in line with the Subadvisers expectations for market trends.
Under normal market conditions, the Equity Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowing for investment purposes) in equity securities or derivatives of such securities. At times, for temporary defensive purposes, up to 100% of the Equity Funds portfolio may be invested in cash or cash equivalents. Although the Equity Fund may invest directly in equity securities, it may also invest in such securities indirectly through securities that invest in or are a derivative of equity securities, primarily including futures contracts, swap agreements, ETFs and other investment companies. Equity securities include common stocks, ADRs, preferred stock, convertible stock, warrants, and rights. The Equity Fund also may invest in options contracts, options on futures contracts, and financial instruments consisting of interests in baskets of equity securities.
The Equity Fund invests in equity securities of any market capitalization, investment style, market sector or industry. The Equity Fund also may seek exposure to issuers of foreign securities.
The Equity Fund is a non-diversified fund, meaning that a relatively high percentage of its assets may be invested in a limited number of issuers of securities.
Consistent with its investment strategy for temporary defensive purposes, up to 100% of the Equity Funds assets may be invested in cash or cash equivalents. To earn income on available cash, a large portion or all of the assets of the Equity Fund may be invested in high quality, U.S. dollar-denominated short-term obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities and repurchase agreements that are fully collateralized by such obligations. As a result of investing in cash and cash equivalents, the Equity Fund may not achieve its investment objective.
PRINCIPAL RISK FACTORS
An investment in any of the Funds entails risk. The Funds could lose money, or their performance could trail that of other investment alternatives. Neither Hundredfold nor Advisors Preferred can guarantee that the Funds will achieve their objectives. In addition, the Funds present some risks not traditionally associated with most mutual funds. It is important that investors closely review and understand these risks before making an investment in the Funds. Turbulence in financial markets and reduced liquidity in equity, credit and fixed income markets could negatively affect many issuers worldwide, including the Funds. The table below provides the principal risks of investing in the Funds. Following the table, each risk is explained.
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Hundredfold Select |
Hundredfold Global |
hundredfold Equity |
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Alternative Fund |
Perspective Fund |
Opportunity Fund |
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Aggressive Investment Techniques Risk |
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X |
X |
X |
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Asset-Backed Securities Risk |
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X |
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Counterparty Risk |
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X |
X |
X |
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Credit Risk |
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X |
X |
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Depositary Risk |
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X |
X |
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Derivatives Risk |
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X |
X |
X |
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Emerging Markets Risk |
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X |
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Equity Securities Risk |
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X |
X |
X |
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Foreign Securities Risk |
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X |
X |
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High Portfolio Turnover Risk |
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X |
X |
X |
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High Yield Securities Risk |
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X |
X |
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Holding Cash Risk |
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X |
X |
X |
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Interest Rate Risk |
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X |
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Leverage Risk |
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X |
X |
X |
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Non-Diversification Risk |
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X |
X |
X |
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Other Investment Companies and ETFs Risk |
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X |
X |
X |
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Prepayment Risk |
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X |
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Shorting Securities Risk |
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X |
X |
X |
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Small and Mid-Capitalization Companies Risk |
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X |
X |
X |
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Subadvisers Investment Strategy Risk |
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X |
X |
X |
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Aggressive Investment Techniques Risk
The Funds use investment techniques that may be considered aggressive, including investments in derivatives. Risks associated with derivative instruments such as futures contracts, swap agreements and options on securities, securities indices and futures contracts include potentially dramatic price changes (losses) in the value of the instruments and imperfect correlations between the price of the contract and the underlying security or index. These instruments may increase the volatility of a Fund and may involve a small investment of cash relative to the magnitude of the risk assumed.
Asset-Backed Securities Risk
Payment of interest and repayment of principal may be impacted by the cash flows generated by the assets backing these securities. The value of the Select Alternative Funds asset-backed securities also may be affected by changes in interest rates, the availability of information concerning the interests in and structure of the pools of purchase contracts, financing leases or sales agreements that are represented by these securities, the creditworthiness of the servicing agent for the pool, the originator of the loans or receivables, or the entities that provide any supporting letters of credit, surety bonds, or other credit enhancements.
Counterparty Risk
The Funds may invest in financial instruments involving counterparties for the purpose of attempting to gain exposure to a particular group of securities or asset class without actually purchasing those securities or investments, or to hedge a position. Such financial instruments include, but are not limited to, total return, index, interest rate, and credit default swap agreements, and structured notes. The Funds will use short-term counterparty agreements to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized in particular predetermined investments or instruments. The Funds will not enter into any agreement involving a counterparty unless the Adviser believes that the other party to the transaction is creditworthy. The use of swap agreements and structured notes involves risks that are different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions. For example, the Funds bear the risk of loss of the amount expected to be received under a swap agreement in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a swap agreement counterparty. In addition, the Funds may enter into swap agreements with a limited number of counterparties, and certain of the Funds may invest in commodity-linked structured notes issued by a limited number of issuers that will act as counterparties, which may increase the Funds exposure to counterparty credit risk. Swap agreements also may be considered to be illiquid.
Credit Risk
A Fund could lose money if the issuer of a debt security is unable to meet its financial obligations or goes bankrupt. A Fund could also lose money if the issuer of a debt security in which it has a short position is upgraded or generally improves its standing. Changes in an issuers financial strength or in an issuers or debt securitys credit rating also may affect a securitys value and thus have an impact on Fund performance. Credit risk usually applies to most debt securities, but generally is not a factor for U.S. government obligations.
Depositary Receipt Risk
To the extent the Fund invests in stocks of foreign corporations, the Funds investment in such stocks may also be in the form of depositary receipts or other securities convertible into securities of foreign issuers, including American Depositary Receipts (ADRs). While the use of ADRs, which are traded on exchanges and represent an ownership in a foreign security, provide an alternative to directly purchasing the underlying foreign securities in their respective national markets and currencies, investments in ADRs continue to be subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities.
Derivatives Risk
The Funds may invest long or short in derivatives, such as futures and swaps. Derivatives are instruments that derive their value from an underlying investment or group of investments. Investments in derivatives are subject to market risks that may cause their prices to fluctuate over time. Investments in derivatives may not correlate with the price movements of underlying securities or indices. As a result, the use of derivatives may expose the Funds to risks that they would not be subject to if they invested directly in the securities underlying those derivatives. There may not be a liquid market for a Fund to sell derivative instruments, which could result in difficulty closing the position, and certain derivative instruments can magnify the extent of losses incurred due to changes in market value of the securities to which they relate. Accordingly, the use of derivatives may result in large losses or smaller gains than otherwise would be the case. In addition, some derivative instruments are subject to counterparty risk.
Emerging Markets Risk
Investments in emerging markets instruments involve all of the risks of investing in foreign instruments; however these risks are generally heightened because emerging markets are in the initial stages of industrialization and have lower per capita income. Emerging markets are generally more volatile than the markets of developed countries with more mature economies. Emerging markets often provide significantly higher or lower rates of return than developed markets and carry significantly more risks to investors.
Equity Securities Risk
A Fund may invest in publicly issued equity securities, including common stocks. Investments in common stocks are subject to market risks that may cause their prices to fluctuate over time. Fluctuations in the value of common stocks in which a Fund invests will cause the net asset value (NAV) of the Fund to fluctuate.
Foreign Securities Risk
Investments in foreign securities involve greater risks than investing in domestic securities. As a result, a Funds returns and NAVs may be affected to a large degree by fluctuations in currency exchange rates, political, diplomatic or economic conditions and regulatory requirements in other countries. The laws and accounting, auditing, and financial reporting standards in foreign countries typically are not as strict as they are in the U.S., and there may be less public information available about foreign companies.
High Portfolio Turnover Risk
A Funds aggressive investment strategy has resulted in significant portfolio turnover far in excess of a typical mutual fund. High portfolio turnover involves correspondingly greater expenses to a Fund, including brokerage commissions or dealer mark-ups and other transaction costs on the sale of securities and reinvestments in other securities. Such sales also may result in adverse tax consequences to the Funds shareholders from distributions to them of net gains realized on the sales. The trading costs and tax effects associated with portfolio turnover may adversely affect a Funds performance. See the Financial Highlights for the Funds portfolio turnover rates.
High-Yield Securities Risk
A Fund may invest in high-yield securities. Investments in securities rated below investment grade or junk bonds generally involve significantly greater risks of loss of your money than an investment in investment grade bonds. Compared with issuers of investment grade bonds, junk bonds are more likely to encounter financial difficulties and to be materially affected by these difficulties. Rising interest rates may compound these difficulties and reduce an issuers ability to repay principal and interest obligations. Issuers of lower-rated securities also have a greater risk of default or bankruptcy. Additionally, due to the greater number of considerations involved in the selection of the funds securities, the achievement of the funds objective depends more on the skills of the portfolio manager than investing only in higher rated securities. Therefore, your investment may experience greater volatility in price and yield. High-yield securities may be less liquid than higher quality investments. A security whose credit rating has been lowered may be particularly difficult to sell.
Holding Cash Risk
One of the Funds strategies is to hold cash positions when the market is not producing returns greater than the short-term cash investments in which the Fund may invest. This usually occurs when broad markets are declining rapidly. The purpose of this strategy is to protect principal in falling markets. There is a risk that the sections of the market in which the Fund invests will begin to rise or fall rapidly and that the Fund will not be able to sell stocks quickly enough to avoid losses, or to reinvest its cash positions into areas of the advancing market quickly enough to capture the initial returns of changing market conditions.
Interest Rate Risk
Debt securities have varying levels of sensitivity to changes in interest rates. In general, the price of a debt security will fall when interest rates rise and will rise when interest rates fall. Securities with longer maturities and mortgage securities can be more sensitive to interest rate changes. In other words, the longer the maturity of a security, the greater the impact a change in interest rates could have on the securitys price. In addition, short-term and long-term interest rates do not necessarily move in the same amount or the same direction. Short-term securities tend to react to changes in short-term interest rates, and long-term securities tend to react to changes in long-term interest rates.
Leverage Risk
Each Fund may employ leveraged investment techniques, including the use of financial instruments to produce leverage results as well as borrowing money for investment purposes. Use of leverage can magnify the effects of changes in the value of the Funds and makes them more volatile. The leveraged investment techniques that the Funds employ could cause investors in the Funds to lose more money in adverse environments.
Non-Diversification Risk
Each Fund is non-diversified, which means that it may invest a high percentage of its assets in a limited number of securities. Since the Funds are non-diversified, their NAVs and total returns may fluctuate more or fall further in times of weaker markets than a diversified mutual fund.
Other Investment Companies and ETFs Risk
Investments in the securities of other investment companies and ETFs, may involve duplication of advisory fees and certain other expenses. Fund shareholders indirectly bear the Funds proportionate share of the fees and expenses paid by shareholders of the other investment company or ETF, in addition to the fees and expenses Fund shareholders directly bear in connection with the Funds own operations. If the investment company or ETF fails to achieve its investment objective, the value of the Funds investment will decline, adversely affecting the Funds performance. In addition, ETF shares potentially may trade at a discount or a premium and are subject to brokerage and other trading costs, which could result in greater expenses to a Fund. Finally, because the value of ETF shares depends on the demand in the market, the Adviser may not be able to liquidate a Funds holdings in an ETFs shares at the most optimal time, adversely affecting the Funds performance.
Prepayment Risk
Many types of debt securities, including mortgage securities, are subject to prepayment risk. Prepayment occurs when the issuer of a security can repay principal prior to the securitys maturity. Securities subject to prepayment can offer less potential for gains during a declining interest rate environment and similar or greater potential for loss in a rising interest rate environment. In addition, the potential impact of prepayment features on the price of a debt security can be difficult to predict and result in greater volatility.
Shorting Securities Risk
A Fund may, from time to time, establish short positions designed to profit from the decline in the price of particular securities, baskets of securities or indices. In general, when a Fund shorts securities, it borrows the securities from a broker and sells the borrowed securities. The Fund is obligated to deliver to the broker securities that are identical to the securities sold short and will be subject to the risk of loss, which may be significant, in the event that the market value of the securities sold short plus related transaction costs exceeds the proceeds to the Fund from the short sale. A short sale involves the theoretically unlimited risk of an increase in the market price of the security, basket of securities or index sold short which, except in the case of a short sale against the box, would result in a theoretically unlimited loss. As a consequence, the Fund will lose value if and when the prices of particular securities, baskets of securities or indexes rises a result that is the opposite from traditional equity mutual funds. The holder of a short position is responsible for paying the dividends and interest accruing on the short position. Because dividends and interest accruing on a short position is an expense to a Fund, the performance of a Fund may be adversely impacted by the cost of maintaining its short positions.
Small and Mid-Capitalization Companies Risk
Investing in the securities of small-capitalization and mid-capitalization companies involves greater risks and the possibility of greater price volatility than investing in larger capitalization and more-established companies. Investments in mid-cap companies involve less risk than investing in small-cap companies. Smaller companies may have limited operating history, product lines, and financial resources, and the securities of these companies may lack sufficient market liquidity. Mid-cap companies often have narrower markets and more limited managerial and financial resources than larger, more established companies.
Subadvisers Investment Strategy Risk
The Subadviser has limited previous experience advising investment companies. The principal risk of investing in a Fund is that Hundredfolds investment strategy will not be successful. While the Subadviser seeks to take advantage of investment opportunities for a Fund that will maximize its investment returns, there is no guarantee that such opportunities will ultimately benefit a Fund. The Subadviser will aggressively change a Funds portfolio in response to market conditions that are unpredictable and may expose the Fund to greater market risk than other mutual funds. There is no assurance that the Subadvisers investment strategy will enable a Fund to achieve its investment objective.
ABOUT YOUR INVESTMENT
Share Prices of the Funds
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The net asset value ("NAV") and offering price (NAV plus any applicable sales charges) of each class of shares is determined at 4:00 p.m. (Eastern Time) on each day the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") is open for business. NAV is computed by determining, on a per class basis, the aggregate market value of all assets of a Fund, less its liabilities, divided by the total number of shares outstanding ((assets-liabilities)/number of shares = NAV). The NYSE is closed on weekends and New Year's Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Washington's Birthday, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. The NAV takes into account, on a per class basis, the expenses and fees of a Fund, including management, administration, and distribution fees (if any), which are accrued daily. The determination of NAV for a share class for a particular day is applicable to all applications for the purchase of shares, as well as all requests for the redemption of shares, received by a Fund (or an authorized broker or agent, or its authorized designee) before the close of trading on the NYSE on that day.
Generally, a Fund's securities are valued each day at the last quoted sales price on each security's primary exchange. Securities traded or dealt in upon one or more securities exchanges (whether domestic or foreign) for which market quotations are readily available and not subject to restrictions against resale shall be valued at the last quoted sales price on the primary exchange or, in the absence of a sale on the primary exchange, at the last bid on the primary exchange. Securities primarily traded in the National Association of Securities Dealers' Automated Quotation System ("NASDAQ") National Market System for which market quotations are readily available shall be valued using the NASDAQ Official Closing Price. If market quotations are not readily available, securities will be valued at their fair market value as determined in good faith by the advisor in accordance with procedures approved by the Board and evaluated by the Board as to the reliability of the fair value method used. In these cases, the Fund's NAV will reflect certain portfolio securities' fair value rather than their market price. Fair value pricing involves subjective judgments and it is possible that the fair value determined for a security is materially different than the value that could be realized upon the sale of that security. The fair value prices can differ from market prices when they become available or when a price becomes available.
A Fund may use independent pricing services to assist in calculating the value of the Fund's securities. In addition, market prices for foreign securities are not determined at the same time of day as the NAV for the Fund. Because the Funds may invest in underlying ETFs which hold portfolio securities primarily listed on foreign exchanges, and these exchanges may trade on weekends or other days when the underlying ETFs do not price their shares, the value of some of a Fund's portfolio securities may change on days when you may not be able to buy or sell Fund shares. In computing the NAV, each Fund values foreign securities held by it at the latest closing price on the exchange in which they are traded immediately prior to closing of the NYSE. Prices of foreign securities quoted in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollars at current rates. If events materially affecting the value of a security in a Fund's portfolio, particularly foreign securities, occur after the close of trading on a foreign market but before the Fund prices its shares, the security will be valued at fair value. For example, if trading in a portfolio security is halted and does not resume before a Fund calculates its NAV, the advisor or subadvisor may need to price the security using the Fund's fair value pricing guidelines. Without a fair value price, short-term traders could take advantage of the arbitrage opportunity and dilute the NAV of long-term investors. Fair valuation of a Fund's portfolio securities can serve to reduce arbitrage opportunities available to short-term traders, but there is no assurance that fair value pricing policies will prevent dilution of the Fund's NAV by short term traders. The determination of fair value involves subjective judgments. As a result, using fair value to price a security may result in a price materially different from the prices used by other mutual funds to determine net asset value, or from the price that may be realized upon the actual sale of the security.
With respect to any portion of a Fund's assets that are invested in one or more open-end management investment companies registered under the 1940 Act, each Fund's net asset value is calculated based upon the net asset values of those open-end management investment companies, and the prospectuses for these companies explain the circumstances under which those companies will use fair value pricing and the effects of using fair value pricing.
Rule 12b-1 Fees
Each Fund has adopted a Distribution Plan ("12b-1 Plan" or "Plan"), pursuant to which the Fund may pay the Funds distributor an annual fee for distribution and shareholder servicing expenses up to 1.00% of the Funds average daily net assets attributable to Service Class shares.
The Fund's distributor and other entities are paid under the Plans for services provided and the expenses borne by the distributor and others in the distribution of Fund shares, including the payment of commissions for sales of the shares and incentive compensation to and expenses of dealers and others who engage in or support distribution of shares or who service shareholder accounts, including overhead and telephone expenses; printing and distribution of prospectuses and reports used in connection with the offering of a Funds shares to other than current shareholders; and preparation, printing and distribution of sales literature and advertising materials. In addition, the distributor or other entities may utilize fees paid pursuant to the Plan to compensate dealers or other entities for their opportunity costs in advancing such amounts, which compensation would be in the form of a carrying charge on any un-reimbursed expenses.
You should be aware that if you hold your shares for a substantial period of time, you may indirectly pay more than the economic equivalent of the maximum front-end sales charge allowed by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority due to the recurring nature of distribution (12b-1) fees.
Additional Compensation to Financial Intermediaries
The Fund's distributor, its affiliates, and the Fund's advisor may, at their own expense and out of their own legitimate profits, provide additional cash payments to financial intermediaries who sell shares of the Fund. Financial intermediaries include brokers, financial planners, banks, insurance companies, retirement or 401(k) plan administrators and others. These payments may be in addition to the Rule 12b-1 fees and any sales charges that are disclosed elsewhere in this Prospectus. These payments are generally made to financial intermediaries that provide shareholder or administrative services, or marketing support. Marketing support may include access to sales meetings, sales representatives and financial intermediary management representatives, inclusion of the Fund on a sales list, including a preferred or select sales list, or other sales programs. These payments also may be made as an expense reimbursement in cases where the financial intermediary provides shareholder services to Fund shareholders. The distributor may, from time to time, provide promotional incentives, including reallowance and/or payment of up to the entire sales charge, to certain investment firms. Such incentives may, at the distributor's discretion, be limited to investment firms who allow their individual selling representatives to participate in such additional commissions.
How to Purchase Shares s of the Funds
You may invest in the Service Class of the Funds through traditional investment accounts, IRAs (including Roth IRAs), self-directed retirement plans or company sponsored retirement plans or other products available from your Financial Advisor. Applications and descriptions of any service fees for retirement or other accounts are available from your Financial Advisor. In addition, the Funds may allow for purchases through an Automatic Investment Plan.
Shares of the Funds have not been registered for sale outside of the United States. The Funds generally do not sell shares to investors residing outside of the United States, even if they are United States citizens or lawful permanent residents, except to investors with United States military APO or FPO addresses.
You may purchase shares of the Fund by sending a completed application form to the following address:
Regular/Express/Overnight Mail
Hundredfold Funds
c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC
4020 South 147th Street, Suite 2
Omaha, Nebraska 68137
The USA PATRIOT Act requires financial institutions, including the Fund, to adopt certain policies and programs to prevent money-laundering activities, including procedures to verify the identity of customers opening new accounts. As requested on the Application, you should supply your full name, date of birth, social security number and permanent street address. Mailing addresses containing a P.O. Box will not be accepted. This information will assist the Fund in verifying your identity. Until such verification is made, the Fund may temporarily limit additional share purchases. In addition, the Fund may limit additional share purchases or close an account if it is unable to verify a shareholder's identity. As required by law, the Fund may employ various procedures, such as comparing the information to fraud databases or requesting additional information or documentation from you, to ensure that the information supplied by you is correct.
Purchase through Brokers
You may invest in the Fund through brokers or agents who have entered into selling agreements with the Fund's distributor. The brokers and agents are authorized to receive purchase and redemption orders on behalf of the Fund. The Fund will be deemed to have received a purchase or redemption order when an authorized broker or its designee receives the order. The broker or agent may set their own initial and subsequent investment minimums. You may be charged a fee if you use a broker or agent to buy or redeem shares of the Fund. Finally, various servicing agents use procedures and impose restrictions that may be in addition to, or different from those applicable to investors purchasing shares directly from the Fund. You should carefully read the program materials provided to you by your servicing agent.
Purchase by Wire
If you wish to wire money to make an investment in a Fund, please call the Funds at [____] for wiring instructions and to notify the Funds that a wire transfer is coming. Any commercial bank can transfer same-day funds via wire. The Funds will normally accept wired funds for investment on the day received if they are received by the Funds' designated bank before the close of regular trading on the NYSE. Your bank may charge you a fee for wiring same-day funds.
Automatic Investment Plan
You may participate in taFunds Automatic Investment Plan, an investment plan that automatically moves money from your bank account and invests it in a Fund through the use of electronic funds transfers or automatic bank drafts. You may elect to make subsequent investments by transfers of a minimum of $100 ($1000 subsequent investment purchases..see above) on specified days of each month into your established Fund account. Please contact the Fund sat [___] for more information about the Funds' Automatic Investment Plan. How does this handle the minimums listed above?
Minimum Investment. The minimum initial and subsequent investments set forth below may be invested in as many of the Funds as you wish. However, you must invest at least $1,000 in any one of the Funds. For example, if you decide to invest $25,000 in all three of the Funds, you may allocate your minimum initial investment as $15,000, $9,000 and $1,000.
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Regular Accounts |
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25,000 |
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Retirement Accounts |
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25,000 |
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The Adviser may waive these minimum requirements at its discretion. Contact your Financial Advisor for further information.
The Funds, however, reserve the right, in their sole discretion, to reject any application to purchase shares. Applications will not be accepted unless they are accompanied by a check drawn on a U.S. bank, thrift institution, or credit union in U.S. funds for the full amount of the shares to be purchased. After you open an account, you may purchase additional shares by sending a check together with written instructions stating the name(s) on the account and the account number, to the above address. Make all checks payable to the applicable Fund. The Funds will not accept payment in cash, including cashier's checks or money orders. Also, to prevent check fraud, the Funds will not accept third party checks, U.S. Treasury checks, credit card checks or starter checks for the purchase of shares.
Note: Gemini Fund Services, LLC, the Funds transfer agent, will charge a $25 fee against a shareholder's account, in addition to any loss sustained by a Fund, for any check returned to the transfer agent for insufficient funds.
When Order is Processed
All shares will be purchased at the NAV per share (plus applicable sales charges, if any) next determined after a Fund receives your application or request in good order. All requests received in good order by the Fund before 4:00 p.m. (Eastern time) will be processed on that same day. Requests received after 4:00 p.m. will be processed on the next business day.
Good Order
When making a purchase request, make sure your request is in good order.
"Good order" means your purchase request includes:
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the name of the applicable Fund
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the dollar amount of shares to be purchased
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a completed purchase application or investment stub
check payable to the " the applicable Fund
Good form means that your purchase (whether direct or through a financial intermediary) is complete and contains all necessary information; has all supporting documentation (such as trust documents, beneficiary designations, proper signature guarantees, IRA rollover forms, etc.); and is accompanied by sufficient purchase proceeds. For a purchase request to be in good form, it must include (1) the name of the Fund; (2) the dollar amount of shares to be purchased; and (3) your purchase application or investment stub. An Account Application that is sent to the Funds transfer agent does not constitute a purchase order until the transfer agent processes the Account Application and receives correct payment by check or wire transfer.
Retirement Plans
You may purchase shares of any Fund for your individual retirement plans. Please call the Funds at [______] for the most current listing and appropriate disclosure documentation on how to open a retirement account.
How to Exchange Shares of the Funds
You may exchange Service Class shares of each Hundredfold Fund for shares of any other Hundredfold Fund and the ______________ at the next determined NAV after receipt of your order in good form without any charges.
Exchanging Shares Purchased Through Your Financial Advisor. If your shares of the Funds were purchased through your Financial Advisor, initiate your exchange order by contacting your Financial Advisor.
Your Financial Advisor is responsible for placing orders promptly with the Funds. Financial Advisors may charge fees for the services they provide to you in connection with processing your transaction order or maintaining your account with them. Each Financial Advisor also may have its own rules about share transactions, limits on the number of share transactions you are permitted to make in a given time period, and may have earlier cut-off times for processing your transaction. For more information about your Financial Advisors rules and procedures, you should contact your Financial Advisor directly.
How to Redeem Shares of the Funds
Redeeming Shares
You may redeem all or any portion of the shares credited to your account by submitting a written request for redemption to:
Regular/Express/Overnight Mail
Hundredfold Funds c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC
4020 South 147th Street, Suite 2
Omaha, Nebraska 68137
Redemptions by Telephone
The telephone redemption privilege is automatically available to all new accounts except retirement accounts. If you do not want the telephone redemption privilege, you must indicate this in the appropriate area on your account application or you must write to the Fund and instruct it to remove this privilege from your account. The proceeds, which are equal to number of shares times NAV less any applicable deferred sales charges, will be sent by mail to the address designated on your account or sent electronically, via ACH or wire, directly to your existing account in a bank or brokerage firm in the United States as designated on your application. To redeem by telephone, call [_____]. The redemption proceeds normally will be sent by mail or electronically within three business days after receipt of your telephone instructions. IRA accounts are not redeemable by telephone.
The Funds reserve the right to suspend the telephone redemption privileges with respect to your account if the name(s) or the address on the account has been changed within the previous 30 days. Neither the Funds, the transfer agent, nor their respective affiliates will be liable for complying with telephone instructions they reasonably believe to be genuine or for any loss, damage, cost or expenses in acting on such telephone instructions and you will be required to bear the risk of any such loss. The Funds or the transfer agent, or both, will employ reasonable procedures to determine that telephone instructions are genuine. If the Funds and/or the transfer agent do not employ these procedures, they may be liable to you for losses due to unauthorized or fraudulent instructions. These procedures may include, among others, requiring forms of personal identification prior to acting upon telephone instructions, providing written confirmation of the transactions and/or tape recording telephone instructions.
Redemptions through Broker
If shares of the Fund are held by a broker-dealer, financial institution or other servicing agent, you must contact that servicing agent to redeem shares of the Fund. The servicing agent may charge a fee for this service.
Redemptions by Wire
You may request that your redemption proceeds be wired directly to your bank account. The Funds' transfer agent imposes a $15 fee for each wire redemption and deducts the fee directly from your account. Your bank may also impose a fee for the incoming wire.
Automatic Withdrawal Plan
If your individual account, IRA or other qualified plan account has a current account value of at least $50,000, you may participate in a Fund's Automatic Withdrawal Plan, an investment plan that automatically moves money to your bank account from a Fund through the use of electronic funds transfers. You may elect to make subsequent withdrawals by transfers of a minimum of $500 on specified days of each month into your established bank account. Please contact the Fund at [__________] for more information about the Fund's Automatic Withdrawal Plan.
Redemptions in Kind
The Funds reserve the right to honor requests for redemption or repurchase orders by making payment in whole or in part in readily marketable securities ("redemption in kind") if the amount is greater than $250,000 or 1% of the Funds assets. The securities will be chosen by the Fund and valued at the Fund's net asset value. A shareholder will be exposed to market risk until these securities are converted to cash and may incur transaction expenses in converting these securities to cash.
When Redemptions are Sent
Once a Fund receives your redemption request in "good order" as described below, it will issue a check based on the next determined NAV following your redemption request. The redemption proceeds normally will be sent by mail or by wire within three business days after receipt of a request in "good order." If you purchase shares using a check and soon after request a redemption, your redemption proceeds will not be sent until the check used for your purchase has cleared your bank (usually within 10 days of the purchase date).
Good Order: Your redemption request will be processed if it is in "good order." To be in good order, the following conditions must be satisfied:
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The request should be in writing, unless redeeming by telephone, indicating the number of shares or dollar amount to be redeemed;
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The request must identify your account number;
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The request should be signed by you and any other person listed on the account, exactly as the shares are registered; and
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If you request that the redemption proceeds be sent to a person, bank or an address other than that of record or paid to someone other than the record owner(s), or if the address was changed within the last 30 days, or if the proceeds of a requested redemption exceed $50,000, the signature(s) on the request must be medallion signature guaranteed by an eligible signature guarantor.
When You Need Medallion Signature Guarantees: If you wish to change the bank or brokerage account that you have designated on your account, you may do so at any time by writing to the Funds with your signature guaranteed. A medallion signature guarantee assures that a signature is genuine and protects you from unauthorized account transfers. You will need your signature guaranteed if:
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you request a redemption to be made payable to a person not on record with the Funds;
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you request that a redemption be mailed to an address other than that on record with the Funds;
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the proceeds of a requested redemption exceed $50,000;
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any redemption is transmitted by federal wire transfer to a bank other than the bank of record; or
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your address was changed within 30 days of your redemption request.
Signatures may be guaranteed by any eligible guarantor institution (including banks, brokers and dealers, credit unions, national securities exchanges, registered securities associations, clearing agencies and savings associations). Further documentation will be required to change the designated account if shares are held by a corporation, fiduciary or other organization. A notary public cannot guarantee signatures.
Retirement Plans: If you own an IRA or other retirement plan, you must indicate on your redemption request whether the Fund should withhold federal income tax. Unless you elect in your redemption request that you do not want to have federal tax withheld, the redemption will be subject to withholding.
Low Balances: If at any time your account balance falls below $10,000, the Fund may notify you that, unless the account is brought up to at least $10,000 within 30 days of the notice, your account could be closed. After the notice period, the Fund may redeem all of your shares and close your account by sending you a check to the address of record. Your account will not be closed if the account balance drops below $10,0000, respectively, due to a decline in NAV.
This section may be prudent to use for the Order Policies. I would like to see th ese two paragraphs included in the prospectus to ensure the fund has the right to refuse large purchase and/or redemption due to 1. Not in good order. 2. Could cause disruption to the fund. Further language giving the fund the right to delay the delivery of $$ for redemption up to 5-7 business days. This will also allow time for portfolio adjustments to accommodate large amounts and/or large numbers of redemptions on challenging market days.
FREQUENT PURCHASES AND REDEMPTIONS OF FUND SHARES
The Funds discourage and do not accommodate market timing. Frequent trading into and out of the Funds can harm all Fund shareholders by disrupting the Funds investment strategies, increasing Fund expenses, decreasing tax efficiency and diluting the value of shares held by long-term shareholders. The Funds are designed for long-term investors and is not intended for market timing or other disruptive trading activities. Accordingly, the Trusts Board has approved policies that seek to curb these disruptive activities while recognizing that shareholders may have a legitimate need to adjust their Fund investments as their financial needs or circumstances change. The Funds currently use several methods to reduce the risk of market timing. These methods include:
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Committing staff to review, on a continuing basis, recent trading activity in order to identify trading activity that may be contrary to the Funds "Market Timing Trading Policy;"
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Reject or limit specific purchase requests;
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Reject purchase requests from certain investors; and
Though these methods involve judgments that are inherently subjective and involve some selectivity in their application, the Funds seek to make judgments and applications that are consistent with the interests of the Funds shareholders.
Based on the frequency of redemptions in your account, the advisor, sub-advisor or transfer agent may in its sole discretion determine that your trading activity is detrimental to a Fund as described in the Funds Market Timing Trading Policy and elect to (i) reject or limit the amount, number, frequency or method for requesting future purchases into a Fund and/or (ii) reject or limit the amount, number, frequency or method for requesting future exchanges or redemptions out of the Fund.
The Funds reserve the right to reject or restrict purchase requests for any reason, particularly when the shareholder's trading activity suggests that the shareholder may be engaged in market timing or other disruptive trading activities. Neither the Funds nor the advisor or subadvisor will be liable for any losses resulting from rejected purchase orders. The advisor or subadvisor may also bar an investor who has violated these policies (and the investor's financial advisor) from opening new accounts with a Fund.
Although the Funds attempt to limit disruptive trading activities, some investors use a variety of strategies to hide their identities and their trading practices. There can be no guarantee that the Funds will be able to identify or limit these activities. Omnibus account arrangements are common forms of holding shares of the Funds. While the Funds will encourage financial intermediaries to apply the Funds Market Timing Trading Policy to their customers who invest indirectly in the Funds, the Funds are limited in their ability to monitor the trading activity or enforce the Funds Market Timing Trading Policy with respect to customers of financial intermediaries. For example, should it occur, the Funds may not be able to detect market timing that may be facilitated by financial intermediaries or made difficult to identify in the omnibus accounts used by those intermediaries for aggregated purchases, exchanges and redemptions on behalf of all their customers. More specifically, unless the financial intermediaries have the ability to apply the Funds Market Timing Trading Policy to their customers through such methods as implementing short-term trading limitations or restrictions and monitoring trading activity for what might be market timing, the Funds may not be able to determine whether trading by customers of financial intermediaries is contrary to the Funds Market Timing Trading Policy. Brokers maintaining omnibus accounts with the Funds have agreed to provide shareholder transaction information to the extent known to the broker to the Funds upon request. If the Funds or its transfer agent or shareholder servicing agent suspects there is market timing activity in the account, the Funds will seek full cooperation from the service provider maintaining the account to identify the underlying participant. At the request of the advisor, the service providers may take immediate action to stop any further short-term trading by such participants.
TAX STATUS, DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS
Any sale or exchange of a Fund's shares may generate tax liability (unless you are a tax-exempt investor or your investment is in a qualified retirement account). When you redeem your shares you may realize a taxable gain or loss. This is measured by the difference between the proceeds of the sale and the tax basis for the shares you sold. (To aid in computing your tax basis, you generally should retain your account statements for the period that you hold shares in the Fund.)
The Funds intend to distribute substantially all of its net investment income and net capital gains annually in December. Dividends from net investment income (including any excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss) are taxable to investors as ordinary income, while distributions of net capital gain (the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss) are generally taxable as long-term capital gain, regardless of your holding period for the shares. Any dividends or capital gain distributions you receive from the Funds will normally be taxable to you when made, regardless of whether you reinvest dividends or capital gain distributions or receive them in cash. Certain dividends or distributions declared in October, November or December will be taxed to shareholders as if received in December if they are paid during the following January. Each year the Funds will inform you of the amount and type of your distributions. IRAs and other qualified retirement plans are exempt from federal income taxation until retirement proceeds are paid out to the participant.
Your redemptions, including exchanges, may result in a capital gain or loss for federal tax purposes. A capital gain or loss on your investment is the difference between the cost of your shares, including any sales charges, and the amount you receive when you sell them.
On the account application, you will be asked to certify that your social security number or taxpayer identification number is correct and that you are not subject to backup withholding for failing to report income to the IRS. If you are subject to backup withholding or you did not certify your taxpayer identification number, the IRS requires the Funds to withhold a percentage of any dividend, redemption or exchange proceeds. The Funds reserve the right to reject any application that does not include a certified social security or taxpayer identification number. If you do not have a social security number, you should indicate on the purchase form that your application to obtain a number is pending. The Funds is required to withhold taxes if a number is not delivered to the Funds within seven days.
This summary is not intended to be and should not be construed to be legal or tax advice. You should consult your own tax advisors to determine the tax consequences of owning Funds shares.
DISTRIBUTION OF SHARES
Distributor: Ceros Financial Services, Inc., 1445 Research Boulevard, #530, Rockville, MD 20850, is the distributor for the shares of the Fund. Ceros Financial Services, Inc. is a registered broker-dealer and member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. ("FINRA"). Shares of the Fund are offered on a continuous basis.
Householding. To reduce expenses, the Fund mails only one copy of the prospectus and each annual and semi-annual report to those addresses shared by two or more accounts. If you wish to receive individual copies of these documents, please call the Fund at [_______] on days the Fund is open for business or contact your financial institution. The Fund will begin sending you individual copies thirty days after receiving your request.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Management of the Funds
Advisorsa
Advisors Preferred LLC (Advisors Preferred) provides investment services to the Funds. It is located at 1445 Research Boulevard, $530, Rockville, MD 20850 (Do we need more information on the principals of Advisors Preferred or should we keep the focus on Hundredfold?)
Under an investment advisory agreement (Advisory Agreement) between the Hundredfold Funds and Advisors Preferred, each Fund pays Advisors Preferred fees at an annualized rate of 1.00% of its average daily net assets.
Advisors Preferred has retained Hundredfold to serve as Subadviser to the Funds under an investment subadvisory agreement (Subadvisory Agreement). Hundredfold is located at 2940 N. Lynnhaven Road, Suite 210A, Virginia Beach, VA 23452. Hundredfold was established in 2004 as a registered investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. Hundredfold was created by a not-for-profit foundation to receive as a contribution the professional services of Mr. Ralph J. Doudera and to sell those services to unrelated business entities. Hundredfolds services are based on research and analysis generated by the portfolio manager, Mr. Doudera. Mr. Douderas history as an investment manager is discussed below. Mr. Doudera is not compensated for his research and analysis for Hundredfold.
Prior to the reorganization of each Predecessor Fund into the corresponding Hundredfold Fund on _____, 2011 Hundredfold also served as subadvisor to each of the Predecessor Funds,
A discussion regarding the basis on which the Board of Trustees approved the Advisory Agreement and Subadvisory Agreement will be included in the Funds Annual Report to shareholders for the period ended August 31, 2011 .
Hundredfold manages the Funds assets under the supervision of Advisors Preferred. Under the Subadvisory Agreement, Hundredfold directs the allocation of the Funds assets among various investment vehicles selected by Hundredfold. Advisors Preferred implements Hundredfolds allocation decisions for each Fund by placing all brokerage orders for the purchase and sale of those securities. (Disclosure regarding the relationship between Advisors Preferred and Ceros Financial Services, Inc., which acts as distributor and broker on some trades of the fund?)
Mr. Doudera is the founder, CEO and investment manager of Spectrum Financial Inc. (Spectrum), a registered investment adviser an affliated advisor of Hundredfold Advisors, LLC. He founded Spectrum in 1986. Prior to founding Spectrum, Mr. Doudera began his financial and estate planning career with the CIGNA Corporation where he became a Chartered Life Underwriter and a Chartered Financial Consultant. Mr. Doudera is a graduate of New Jersey Institute of Technology where he received an undergraduate degree in Mechanical Engineering (1969) and a masters of science in Management and Finance (1972). Mr. Doudera also earned a masters degree in Biblical studies from Regent University in 1987.
Mr. Doudera has served as Portfolio Manager to the Funds since the Funds inception. The Funds SAI provides additional information about Mr. Douderas compensation, the other accounts he manages, and his ownership of securities in the Funds.
PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS INFORMATION
A description of the Funds policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of each Funds portfolio securities is available in the Funds Statement of Additional Information. Disclosure of each Funds holdings is required to be made quarterly within 60 days of the end of each fiscal quarter in the Annual Report and Semi-Annual Report to Fund shareholders and in the quarterly holdings report on Form N-Q. The Annual and Semi-Annual Reports are available by contacting the Hundredfold Funds c/o Gemini Fund Services LLC 4020 South 147 Street, Omaha, NE 68137 or calling [ ].
Type of Transaction Tax Treatment*
MASTER/FEEDER OPTION
A Fund may in the future operate under a master/feeder structure. This means that a Fund would be a feeder fund that attempts to meet its objective by investing all its investable assets in a master fund with the same investment objective. The master fund would purchase securities for investment. It is expected that any such investment company would be managed by Advisors Preferred in substantially the same manner as the Funds. If permitted by law at that time, the Board of Trustees may approve the implementation of such a structure for one or more Funds without seeking shareholder approval. However, the Trustees approval will be given only if the investments in the master fund(s) is (are) in the best interests of each Fund and its shareholders. In making that determination, the Trustees will consider, among other things, the benefits to shareholders and/or the opportunity to reduce costs and achieve operational efficiencies. You also will receive a 30-day notice prior to the implementation of the master/feeder structure for your Fund.
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
The financial highlights table is intended to help you understand the financial performance of the Service Class shares of the Funds for the periods indicated. The Funds are each a continuation of the applicable Predecessor Fund, and, therefore, the financial information for each Fund include results of the corresponding Predecessor Fund. T he information shown below was audited by Ernst & Young LLP, whose report, along with the Predecessor Funds financial statements, are included in the Annual Report, which is available upon request. Certain information reflects financial results for a single Service Class share. The total returns in the table represent the rate that an investor would have earned (or lost) on an investment in each Predecessor Fund (assuming reinvestment of all dividends and other distributions). [to be updated by subsequent amendment]
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Ratios to Average Net Assets |
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Net Realized |
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Net Investment |
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NOTICE OF PRIVACY POLICY & PRACTICES
Your privacy is important to us. The Fund is committed to maintaining the confidentiality, integrity, and security of your personal information. When you provide personal information, the Fund believes that you should be aware of policies to protect the confidentiality of that information.
The Fund collects the following nonpublic personal information about you:
·
Information we receive from you on or in applications or other forms, correspondence, or conversations, including, but not limited to, your name, address, phone number, social security number, assets, income, and date of birth; and
·
Information about your transactions with us, our affiliates, or others, including, but not limited to, your account number and balance, payments history, parties to transactions, cost basis information, and other financial information.
The Fund does not disclose any nonpublic personal information about our current or former shareholders to affiliated or nonaffiliated third parties, except as permitted by law. For example, the Fund is permitted by law to disclose all of the information we collect, as described above, to our transfer agent to process your transactions. Furthermore, the Fund restricts access to your nonpublic personal information to those persons who require such information to provide products or services to you. The Fund maintains physical, electronic, and procedural safeguards that comply with applicable federal and state standards to guard your nonpublic personal information.
In the event that you hold shares of the Fund through a financial intermediary, including, but not limited to, a broker-dealer, bank, or trust company, the privacy policy of your financial intermediary would govern how your nonpublic personal information would be shared with affiliated or non-affiliated third parties.
Hundredfold Funds
Advisor |
Advisors Preferred LLC[insert] 1445 Research Boulevard, #530 Rockville, MD 20850 |
Distributor |
Ceros Financial Services, Inc. 1445 Research Boulevard, #530 Rockville, MD 20850 |
Custodian |
Union Bank, National Association 350 California Street 6 th Floor San Francisco, CA 94104 |
Legal
|
Alston & Bird LLP 950 F. Street NW Washington, D.C. 20004 |
Transfer
|
Gemini Fund Services, LLC 4020 South 147th Street, Suite 2 Omaha, NE 68137 |
Independent
Registered
|
Cohen Fund Audit Services, Ltd.
800 Westpoint Pkwy, Suite 1100
|
Additional information about the Funds is included in the Fund's Statement of Additional Information dated ___________, 2011 (the "SAI"). The SAI is incorporated into this Prospectus by reference (i.e., legally made a part of this Prospectus). The SAI provides more details about the Fund's policies and management. Additional information about the Predecessor Fund's investments will also be available in the Predecessor Funds Annual and Semi-Annual Reports to Shareholders. In the Predecessor Funds Annual Report, you will find a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected each Predecessor Fund's performance during its last fiscal year.
To obtain a free copy of the SAI and the Predecessor Funds Annual and Semi-Annual Reports to Shareholders, or other information about the Fund, or to make shareholder inquiries about the Fund, please call [__________]. You may also write to:
Hundredfold Funds c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC
4020 South 147th Street, Suite 2
Omaha, Nebraska 68137
You may review and obtain copies of the Funds information at the SEC Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. Please call 1-202-551-8090 for information relating to the operation of the Public Reference Room. Reports and other information about the Fund are available on the EDGAR Database on the SEC's Internet site at http://www.sec.gov. Copies of the information may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following E-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov, or by writing the Public Reference Section, Securities and Exchange Commission, Washington, D.C. 20549-0102.
Investment Company Act File # 811-XXXX
The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state in which the offer or sale is not permitted.
Subject to Completion
Preliminary Prospectus Dated [ ], 2011
TWO OAKS DIVERSIFIED INCOME FUND
CLASS A SHARES: [XXXX]
CLASS C SHARES: [XXXX]
PROSPECTUS
Dated
August 1, 2011
The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved these securities or determined if this Prospectus is truthful or complete and representation to the contrary is a crime .
Two Oaks Diversified Income Fund
A series of Northern Lights Fund Trust II (the Trust)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
FUND SUMMARY |
|
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE |
|
FEES AND EXPENSES OF THE FUND |
|
PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES |
|
PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT RISKS |
|
PERFORMANCE |
|
ADVISER |
|
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS |
|
PURCHASE AND SALE OF FUND SHARES |
|
TAX INFORMATION |
|
PAYMENTS TO BROKER-DEALERS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES |
|
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RELATED RISKS |
|
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE |
|
PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES |
|
PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT RISKS |
|
TEMPORARY INVESTMENTS |
|
PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS DISCLOSURE |
|
INVESTMENT ADVISORY SERVICES |
|
FUND MANAGER |
|
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS |
|
HOW SHARES ARE PRICED |
|
HOW TO BUY AND SELL SHARES |
|
HOW TO PURCHASE SHARES |
|
HOW TO REDEEM SHARES |
|
HOW TO EXCHANGE SHARES |
|
FREQUENT PURCHASES AND REDEMPTIONS OF SHARES |
|
TAX STATUS, DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS |
|
DISTRIBUTION OF SHARES |
|
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS |
|
NOTICE OF PRIVACY POLICY & PRACTICES |
|
FUND SUMMARY
Investment Objective
The investment objective of the Two Oaks Diversified Income Fund (the Fund) is l ong-term growth of capital.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for sales charge discounts on purchases of shares if you and your family invest, or agree to invest in the future, at least $25,000 in the Fund. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial professional.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) |
CLASS A |
CLASS C |
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases (as a % of offering price) |
5.75% |
NONE |
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load ) (as a percentage of redemption proceeds) |
NONE |
NONE |
Redemption Fee |
NONE |
NONE |
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
|
|
Management Fees
|
0. 60 % |
0.60 |
Distribution (12b-1) Fees
|
0.25% |
1.00% |
Other Expenses (1) |
% |
% |
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses (2) |
% |
% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
% |
% |
(1) These expenses, which include custodian, transfer agency, shareholder servicing, and other direct fund expenses, as well as the indirect costs of investing in other mutual funds and dividend expense on securities sold short, are based on estimated amounts for the Funds current fiscal year.
(2)The operating expenses in this fee table will not correlate to the expense ratio in the Funds financial statements (or to the financial highlights in this Prospectus) because the financial statements include only the direct operating expenses incurred by the Fund, not the indirect costs of investing in acquired funds
Example
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds.
The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all your shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Funds operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
|
1 YEAR |
3 YEARS |
5 YEARS |
10 YEARS |
CLASS A |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
CLASS C |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Predecessor Funds portfolio turnover rate was [ % ] of the average value of the portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund invests principally in the following three asset classes: equity securities (including common and preferred stock), investment grade fixed income securities of any maturity, and real estate and asset-based securities (which are securities that represent an interest in commodities related industries). Equity securities include common stocks and convertible securities rated at least Baa3 by Moodys Investors Service (Moodys) or at least BBB- by Standard and Poors Rating Group (S&P); however, the Fund reserves the right to invest in lower-rated convertible securities that the portfolio manager believes offer the prospect of higher total returns (interest plus capital appreciation) than normally expected from such securities. Using a proprietary multiple asset allocation model to determine the exact allocations, the Fund allocates 15% to 50% of its assets to each of the three asset classes, although in most economic environments the allocation is expected to be in approximately equal proportions. The Fund, under certain circumstances, will invest in exchange-traded and closed-end funds for liquidity and diversification purposes. Individual securities are selected based on a process of statistical screening followed by fundamental analysis. Those securities that are deemed fundamentally attractive are then put through a proprietary valuation process to determine at what price levels they would be deemed attractive to own. The Fund will sell securities when the model indicates that the target price has been reached, a greater value exists in another sector or a new, more desirable security presents better upside potential. The Fund seeks to achieve long-term growth of capital through both income generation and capital appreciation.
Principal Investment Risks
All mutual funds carry a certain amount of risk, including the risk that the Fund may not achieve its investment objective. The Funds returns will vary and you could lose money on your investment in the Fund.
Commodities Risk - Investments in companies engaged in exploration, mining, processing, distributing or dealing in gold, other precious metals, minerals and other commodities involves certain risks. These include unpredictable monetary policies and economic and political developments, such as currency devaluation or revaluations; increased environmental costs; concentration of the sources of the supply of commodities, and control over their sale; changes in U.S. or foreign tax, currency, environmental or mining laws; and trade restrictions between countries.
Company Risk - Because of changes in the financial condition or prospects of specific companies, the individual stocks selected by the Funds portfolio manager may decline in value.
Credit Risk - The issuer of a fixed income security may not be able to make interest and principal payments when due. Generally, the lower the credit rating of a security, the greater the risk that the issuer will default on its obligation.
General Risk - There is no assurance that the Fund can achieve its investment objective, since all investments are inherently subject to risks. When you sell your Fund shares, they may be worth less than what you paid for them.
Government Risk - The U. S. governments guarantee of ultimate payment of principal and timely payment of interest on certain U. S. government securities owned by the Fund does not imply that the Funds shares are guaranteed or that the price of the Funds shares will not fluctuate.
Interest Rate Risk - The value of your investment may decrease when interest rates rise. Generally, due to changes in interest rates and other factors, the value of a portfolio of bonds with a longer effective maturity will fluctuate more than the value of a portfolio of bonds with a shorter effective maturity.
Junk Bond Risk- Lower-quality bonds, known as high yield or junk bonds, present greater risk than bonds of higher quality, including an increased risk of default. An economic downturn or period of rising interest rates could adversely affect the market for these bonds and reduce the Funds ability to sell its bonds. The lack of a liquid market for these bonds could decrease the Funds share price.
Management Risk - The portfolio manager may select investments that decline in value, or allocate the funds investments to asset classes that do not perform well.
Prepayment Risk - The value of the mortgage-backed securities held by the Fund may go down as a result of changes in prepayment rates on the underlying mortgages. During periods of declining interest rates, prepayment of loans underlying mortgage-backed securities usually accelerates. Prepayment may shorten the effective maturities of these securities, and the Fund may have to reinvest at a lower interest rate.
Real Estate Securities Risk - The Funds investments in real estate securities are subject to the same risks as direct investments in real estate. Real estate values rise and fall in response to many factors, including local, regional and national economic conditions, the demand for rental property, and interest rates. The performance of the real estate securities in which the Fund invests is also largely dependent on the organization, skill and capital funding of the managers and operators of the underlying real estate.
REIT Risk . In addition to the risks facing real estate securities, the Funds investments in Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) generally involve unique risks. REITs may have limited financial resources, may trade less frequently and in limited volume and may be more volatile than other securities.
Sector Risk - Securities within the same group of industries may decline in price due to sector-specific market or economic developments. If the Fund invests more heavily in a particular sector, the value of its shares may be especially sensitive to factors and economic risks that specifically affect that sector. As a result, the Funds share price may fluctuate more widely than the value of shares of a mutual fund that invests in a broader range of industries.
Small-Cap Risk - The Fund will invest in companies that are considered to be small-cap (less than $3 billion in total market capitalization). Small-cap companies can be riskier investments than larger capitalized companies due to their lack of experience, product diversification, cash reserves and management depth. Further, small-cap company stocks can be much more volatile than larger companies and may be less liquid.
Stock Market Risk - The stock market is subject to significant fluctuations in value as a result of political, economic and market developments. If the stock market declines in value, the Fund is likely to decline in value.
Performance
The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the T wo Oaks Diversified Income Fund by showing changes in the performance of the Funds shares. The bar chart shows changes in the yearly performance of the Funds shares over the lifetime of the Fund. The performance table compares the performance of the Fund over time to the performance of the S&P ® 500 Index. You should be aware that the Funds past performance (before and after taxes) may not be an indication of how the Fund will perform in the future. [to be updated by subsequent amendment]
The Fund was reorganized on [_____], 2011 from the Montecito Fund (the Predecessor Fund), a series of The Santa Barbara Group of Mutual Funds, a Maryland corporation (the Predecessor Company) to a series of Northern Lights Fund Trust II, a Delaware statutory trust (the Reorganization). The Fund is a continuation of the Predecessor Fund and, therefore, the performance information includes performance of the Predecessor Fund.
Performance Bar Chart For Calendar Years Ending On December 31,
During the period shown in the bar chart, the highest return for a quarter was % during the quarter ended and the lowest return for a quarter was % during the quarter ended. [to be updated b y subsequent amendment]
[to be updated by subsequent amendment]
Average Annual Total Returns
(For the periods ended on December 31, 201 0 )
|
Past Year |
Past 5 Years |
Life of Fund (since 4/15/02) |
Class A Return before taxes |
% |
% |
% |
Return after taxes on distributions |
% |
% |
% |
Return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares |
% |
% |
% |
S&P 500 ® Index (reflects no deductions for fees, expenses or taxes) |
% |
% |
% |
After-tax returns were calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investors tax situation and may differ from those shown, and after-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold shares of the Fund through tax-deferred arrangements, such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts.
In certain cases, the figure representing Return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares are higher than the other return figures for the same period. A higher after-tax return results when a capital loss occurs upon redemption and translates into an assumed tax deduction that benefits the shareholder.
Performance information for Class C shares is not presented because Class C shares had not yet commenced operations as of December 31, 2010.
Investment Adviser
Two Oaks Investment Management, Inc. (Fund Manager)
Portfolio Manager
Blake T. Todd, Chief Executive Officer of the Fund Manager shares responsibility for the day-to-day management of the Fund as Co-Portfolio Manager. From the Predecessor Funds inception to 2006 he was the sole Portfolio Manager. Jarrett Perez, co-owner of the Fund Manager, shares responsibility for the day-to-day management of the Fund as Co-Portfolio Manager and has been Co-Portfolio Manager of the Predecessor Fund since 2006.
Purchase a nd Sale o f Fund Shares
The minimum initial investment to open an account is $2,500 for regular accounts, $1,000 for retirement accounts and $500 for Coverdell ESA accounts. The minimum subsequent investment is $1,000 for regular accounts, $100 for retirement accounts and $500 for Coverdell ESA accounts. You may purchase and redeem shares of the Fund on any day that the New York Stock Exchange is open. Purchases and redemptions may be made by mail to
Two Oaks Diversified Income Fund
c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC, 4020 South 147
th
Street, Suite 2, Omaha, Nebraska 68137 or by calling 1-800-723-8637.
Tax Information
Dividends and capital gain distributions you receive from the Fund are taxable to you at either ordinary income or capital gains tax rates unless you are investing through a tax-deferred account such as an IRA or 401(k) plan.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediarys website for more information.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RELATED RISKS
Investment Objective
The investment objective of the Fund, long-term growth of capital, may be changed without shareholder approval.
Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund invests principally in the following three asset classes: equity: equity securities (including common and preferred stock), investment grade fixed income securities of any maturity, and real estate and asset-based securities (which are securities that represent an interest in commodities related industries). Equity securities include common stocks and convertible securities rated at least Baa3 by Moodys Investors Service (Moodys) or at least BBB- by Standard and Poors Rating Group (S&P); however, the Fund reserves the right to invest in lower-rated convertible securities that the portfolio manager believes offer the prospect of higher total returns (interest plus capital appreciation) than normally expected from such securities. Using a proprietary multiple asset allocation model to determine the exact allocations, the Fund allocates 15% to 50% of its assets to each of the three asset classes, although in most economic environments the allocation is expected to be in approximately equal proportions. The Fund, under certain circumstances, will invest in exchange-traded and closed-end funds for liquidity and diversification purposes. The Fund will sell securities when the model indicates that the target price has been reached, a greater value exists in another sector or a new, more desirable security presents better upside potential. The Fund seeks to achieve long-term growth of capital through both income generation and capital appreciation.
Principal Investment Risks
All mutual funds carry a certain amount of risk, including the risk that the Fund may not achieve its investment objective. The Funds returns will vary and you could lose money on your investment in the Fund.
Commodities Risk - Investments in companies engaged in exploration, mining, processing, distributing or dealing in gold, other precious metals, minerals and other commodities involves certain risks. These include unpredictable monetary policies and economic and political developments, such as currency devaluation or revaluations; increased environmental costs; concentration of the sources of the supply of commodities, and control over their sale; changes in U.S. or foreign tax, currency, environmental or mining laws; and trade restrictions between countries.
Company Risk Because of changes in the financial condition or prospects of specific companies, the individual stocks selected by the Fund s portfolio manager may decline in value, thereby causing the Fund to decline in value.
Credit Risk - The issuer of a fixed income security may not be able to make interest and principal payments when due. Generally, the lower the credit rating of a security, the greater the risk that the issuer will default on its obligation.
General Risk There is no assurance that the Fund can achieve its investment objective, since all investments are inherently subject to risks. The Fund generally is appropriate for long-term investors who understand the potential risks and rewards of investing in common stocks. When you sell your Fund shares, they may be worth less than what you paid for them, because the value of the Funds investments will vary from day-to-day.
Government Risk - The U. S. governments guarantee of ultimate payment of principal and timely payment of interest on certain U. S. government securities owned by the Fund does not imply that the Funds shares are guaranteed or that the price of the Funds shares will not fluctuate. In addition, certain securities, such as those issued by Freddie Mac, Fannie Mae and the Federal Home Loan Banks are not obligations of, or insured by, the U.S. government. If a U.S. government agency or instrumentality in which the Fund invests defaults and the U.S. government does not stand behind the obligation, the Funds share price or yield could fall.
Interest Rate Risk - The value of your investment may decrease when interest rates rise. The specific maturities of fixed income securities in which the Fund invests may fall in value more than other maturities. Generally, due to changes in interest rates and other factors, the value of a portfolio of bonds with a longer effective maturity will fluctuate more than the value of a portfolio of bonds with a shorter effective maturity.
Junk Bond Risk - Lower-quality bonds, known as high yield or junk bonds, present a significant risk for loss of principal and interest. These bonds offer the potential for higher return, but also involve greater risk than bonds of higher quality, including an increased possibility that the bonds issuer, obligor or guarantor may not be able to make its payments of interest and principal (credit quality risk). If that happens, the value of the bond may decrease, and the Funds share price may decrease and its income distribution may be reduced. An economic downturn or period of rising interest rates (interest rate risk) could adversely affect the market for these bonds and reduce the Funds ability to sell its bonds (liquidity risk). Such securities may also include Rule 144A securities, which are subject to resale restrictions. The lack of a liquid market for these bonds could decrease the Funds share price.
Management Risk The portfolio manager may select stocks that decline in value and do not experience growth as anticipated.
Prepayment Risk - The value of the mortgage-backed securities held by the Fund may go down as a result of changes in prepayment rates on the underlying mortgages. During periods of declining interest rates, prepayment of loans underlying mortgage-backed securities usually accelerates. Prepayment may shorten the effective maturities of these securities, and the Fund may have to reinvest at a lower interest rate.
Real Estate Securities Risk - The Funds investments in real estate securities are subject to the same risks as direct investments in real estate. Real estate values rise and fall in response to many factors, including local, regional and national economic conditions, the demand for rental property, and interest rates. When economic growth is slowing, demand for property decreases and prices may fall. Rising interest rates, which drive up mortgage and financing costs, can affect the profitability and liquidity of properties in the real estate market. Property values may also decrease because of overbuilding, extended vacancies, increases in property taxes and operating expenses, zoning laws, environmental regulations, clean-up of and liability for environmental hazards, uninsured casualty or condemnation losses, or a general decline in neighborhood values. The Funds investments and your investment may decline in response to declines in property values or other adverse changes to the real estate market. The performance of the real estate securities in which the Fund invests is also largely dependent on the organization, skill and capital funding of the managers and operators of the underlying real estate.
REIT Risk - In addition to the risks facing real estate securities, the Funds investments in REITs generally involve unique risks. REITs may have limited financial resources, may trade less frequently and in limited volume and may be more volatile than other securities.
Sector Risk - Securities within the same group of industries may decline in price due to sector-specific market or economic developments. If the Fund invests more heavily in a particular sector, the value of its shares may be especially sensitive to factors and economic risks that specifically affect that sector. As a result, the Funds share price may fluctuate more widely than the value of shares of a mutual fund that invests in a broader range of industries. Additionally, some sectors could be subject to greater government regulation than other sectors. Therefore, changes in regulatory policies for those sectors may have a material effect on the value of securities issued by companies in those sectors. The sectors in which the Fund may invest more heavily will vary.
Small Cap Risk The Fund may invest in companies that are considered to be small-cap (less than $3 billion in total market capitalization). Small-cap companies can be riskier investments than larger capitalized companies due to their lack of experience, product diversification, cash reserves and management depth. Further, small-cap company stocks can be much more volatile than larger companies because changes in the economic climate can have a more pronounced effect on smaller companies. Small cap companies may be more thinly traded than larger capitalization companies and subject to liquidity risk.
Stock Market Risk The stock market is subject to significant fluctuations in value as a result of political, economic and market developments. If the stock market declines in value, the Fund is likely to decline in value. The stock market trades in cyclical price patterns, with prices generally rising or falling over time. These cyclical periods may last for significant periods.
Temporary Investments
Under abnormal market or economic conditions, the Fund may adopt a temporary defensive investment position in the market. When a Fund assumes such a position, cash reserves may be a significant percentage (up to 100%) of the Funds total net assets. To the extent the Fund invests in money market mutual funds for cash positions, there will be some duplication of expenses because the Fund pays its pro-rata portion of such money market funds advisory fees and operational fees. During times when the Fund holds a significant portion of its net assets in cash, it will not be investing according to its investment objective, and the Funds performance may be negatively affected as a result.
PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS DISCLOSURE
The Funds policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of its portfolio securities are available in the Funds Statement of Additional Information.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY SERVICES
Fund Manager
Two Oaks Investment Management, Inc., 7110 North Fresno Street, Suite 450, Fresno, CA 93720, (the Fund Manager) serves as investment adviser to the Fund. The Fund Manager is an investment advisory firm whose principal business is providing investment advice and counseling to mutual funds. The Fund Manager manage the Funds day-to-day business affairs under the general supervision of the Board of Trustees. Prior to [reorge date], Hillcrest Wells Advisors, LLC was the manager of the Predecessor Fund (Prior Fund Manager).
The Fund Manager is entitled to receive, on a monthly basis, an annual advisory fee equal to.60% of the Fund's average daily net assets. The Fund Manager has contractually agreed to reduce its fees and/or absorb expenses of the Fund, until at least [September 30, 2012], to ensure that total annual fund operating expenses after fee waiver and/or reimbursement (exclusive of any taxes, leverage interest, borrowing interest, brokerage commissions, expenses incurred in connection with any merger or reorganization, dividend expense on securities sold short, acquired fund fees and expenses or extraordinary expenses such as litigation) will not exceed [1.50%] of the daily average net asset value of Class A and Class C shares; subject to possible recoupment from the Fund in future years on a rolling three year basis (within the three years after the fees have been waived or reimbursed) if such recoupment can be achieved within the foregoing expense limits. Fee waiver and reimbursement arrangements can decrease the Fund's expenses and boost its performance. A discussion regarding the basis for the Board of Trustees' approval of the advisory agreement will be available in the Fund's semi-annual shareholder report dated _______________, 2011.
Portfolio Managers
Blake T. Todd is the lead portfolio manager responsible for the day to day management of the Fund. Mr. Todd is the majority owner of the Fund Manager. Mr. Todd also has been a partner at Crowell Weedon & Co. since December 2006. At Crowell Weedon & Co. he manages individual portfolios for private clients and retirement funds under the Montecito Investment Portfolios program within the Crowell Weedon RIA. Prior to joining Crowell Weedon & Co., Mr. Todd has held various sales, portfolio management and management positions with The Seidler Companies, Sutro-RBC Dain Rauscher, Shearson Smith Barney, Kidder Peabody, and Dean Witter Reynolds beginning in 1979.
Jarrett Perez is a co-manager of the Fund. Mr. Perez is a minority owner of The Fund Manager Mr. Perez also has worked at Crowell Weedon & Co since 2006. At Crowell Weedon & Co. he is the assistant portfolio manager for private clients and retirement funds in the Montecito Investment Portfolios program within the Crowell Weedon RIA. Prior to joining Crowell Weedon & Co., Mr. Perez has held various sales, and operational duties with The Seidler Companies and UBS-Paine Weber beginning in 2002. Mr. Perez is a level 3 CFA candidate.
The Funds Statement of Additional Information provides information about the portfolio managers compensation, other accounts managed and their ownership of Fund shares.
HOW TO BUY AND SELL SHARES
Determination of Share Price
The net asset value ("NAV") and offering price (NAV plus any applicable sales charges) of each class of shares is determined at 4:00 p.m. (Eastern Time) on each day the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") is open for business. NAV is computed by determining, on a per class basis, the aggregate market value of all assets of the Fund, less its liabilities, divided by the total number of shares outstanding ((assets-liabilities)/number of shares = NAV). The NYSE is closed on weekends and New Year's Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Washington's Birthday, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. The NAV takes into account, on a per class basis, the expenses and fees of the Fund, including management, administration, and distribution fees, which are accrued daily. The determination of NAV for a share class for a particular day is applicable to all applications for the purchase of shares, as well as all requests for the redemption of shares, received by the Fund (or an authorized broker or agent, or its authorized designee) before the close of trading on the NYSE on that day.
Generally, the Fund's securities are valued each day at the last quoted sales price on each security's primary exchange. Securities traded or dealt in upon one or more securities exchanges (whether domestic or foreign) for which market quotations are readily available and not subject to restrictions against resale shall be valued at the last quoted sales price on the primary exchange or, in the absence of a sale on the primary exchange, at the last bid on the primary exchange. Securities primarily traded in the National Association of Securities Dealers' Automated Quotation System ("NASDAQ") National Market System for which market quotations are readily available shall be valued using the NASDAQ Official Closing Price. If market quotations are not readily available, securities will be valued at their fair market value as determined in good faith by the adviser in accordance with procedures approved by the Board and evaluated by the Board as to the reliability of the fair value method used. In these cases, the Fund's NAV will reflect certain portfolio securities' fair value rather than their market price. Fair value pricing involves subjective judgments and it is possible that the fair value determined for a security is materially different than the value that could be realized upon the sale of that security. The fair value prices can differ from market prices when they become available or when a price becomes available.
The Fund may use independent pricing services to assist in calculating the value of the Fund's securities. In addition, market prices for foreign securities are not determined at the same time of day as the NAV for the Fund. Because the Fund may invest in underlying ETFs which hold portfolio securities primarily listed on foreign exchanges, and these exchanges may trade on weekends or other days when the underlying ETFs do not price their shares, the value of some of the Fund's portfolio securities may change on days when you may not be able to buy or sell Fund shares. In computing the NAV, the Fund values foreign securities held by the Fund at the latest closing price on the exchange in which they are traded immediately prior to closing of the NYSE. Prices of foreign securities quoted in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollars at current rates. If events materially affecting the value of a security in the Fund's portfolio, particularly foreign securities, occur after the close of trading on a foreign market but before the Fund prices its shares, the security will be valued at fair value. For example, if trading in a portfolio security is halted and does not resume before the Fund calculates its NAV, the adviser may need to price the security using the Fund's fair value pricing guidelines. Without a fair value price, short-term traders could take advantage of the arbitrage opportunity and dilute the NAV of long-term investors. Fair valuation of the Fund's portfolio securities can serve to reduce arbitrage opportunities available to short-term traders, but there is no assurance that fair value pricing policies will prevent dilution of the Fund's NAV by short term traders. The determination of fair value involves subjective judgments. As a result, using fair value to price a security may result in a price materially different from the prices used by other mutual funds to determine net asset value, or from the price that may be realized upon the actual sale of the security.
With respect to any portion of the Fund's assets that are invested in one or more open-end management investment companies registered under the 1940 Act, each Fund's net asset value is calculated based upon the net asset values of those open-end management investment companies, and the prospectuses for these companies explain the circumstances under which those companies will use fair value pricing and the effects of using fair value pricing.
Share Classes
This Prospectus describes two classes of shares offered by the Fund. The Fund offers these two classes of shares so that you can choose the class that best suits your investment needs. Refer to the information below so that you can choose the class that best suits your investment needs. The main differences between each class are sales charges and ongoing fees. In choosing which class of shares to purchase, you should consider which will be most beneficial to you, given the amount of your purchase and the length of time you expect to hold the shares. Each class of shares in the Fund represents interest in the same portfolio of investments in the Fund.
Class A Shares
Class A shares are offered at their public offering price, which is NAV plus the applicable sales charge. The sales charge varies, depending on how much you invest. There are no sales charges on reinvested distributions. The following sales charges apply to your purchases of Class A shares of the Fund:
Amount Invested |
Sales Charge as a % of Offering Price |
Sales Charge as a % of Amount Invested |
Dealer Reallowance |
Under $25,000 |
5.75% |
6.10% |
5.00% |
$25,000 to $49,999 |
5.25% |
5.54% |
4.50% |
$50,000 to $99,999 |
4.75% |
4.99% |
4.00% |
$100,000 to $249,999 |
3.75% |
3.83% |
3.00% |
$250,000 to $499,999 |
2.50% |
2.56% |
2.00% |
$500,000 to $999,999 |
2.00% |
2.04% |
1.50% |
$1,000,000 and above |
1.00% |
1.02% |
0.75% |
Northern Lights Distributors, LLC, 4020 South 147 th Street, Omaha, NE 68137 (the Distributor), the Funds principal underwriter, will pay the appropriate dealer concession to those selected dealers who have entered into an agreement with the Distributor to sell shares of the Funds. The dealers concession may be changed from time to time. The Distributor may from time to time offer incentive compensation to dealers who sell shares of the Fund subject to sales charges, allowing such dealers to retain an additional portion of the sales load.
Reducing Your Initial Sales Charge
You may be eligible to purchase Class A shares at a reduced sales charge. To qualify for these reductions, you must notify the Fund's distributor, Northern Lights Distributors, LLC (the "distributor"), in writing and supply your account number at the time of purchase. You may combine your purchase with those of your "immediate family" (your spouse and your children under the age of 21) for purposes of determining eligibility. If applicable, you will need to provide the account numbers of your spouse and your minor children as well as the ages of your minor children.
Right of Accumulation : To q ualify for the lower sales charge rates that apply to larger purchases of Class A shares, you may combine your new purchases of Class A shares with Class A shares of the Fund that you already own. The applicable initial sales charge for the new purchase is based on the total of your current purchase and the current value of all other Class A shares that you own. The reduced sales charge will apply only to current purchases and must be requested in writing when you buy your shares.
Shares of the Fund held as follows cannot be combined with your current purchase for purposes of reduced sales charges:
·
Shares held indirectly through financial intermediaries other than your current purchase broker-dealer (for example, a different broker-dealer, a bank, a separate insurance company account or an investment advisor);
·
Shares held through an administrator or trustee/custodian of an Employer Sponsored Retirement Plan (for example, a 401(k) plan) other than employer-sponsored IRAs;
·
Shares held directly in the Fund account on which the broker-dealer (financial advisor) of record is different than your current purchase broker-dealer.
Letter of Intent : Under a Letter of Intent ("LOI"), you commit to purchase a specified dollar amount of Class A shares of the Fund, with a minimum of $50,000, during a 13-month period. At your written request, Class A shares purchases made during the previous 90 days may be included. The amount you agree to purchase determines the initial sales charge you pay. If the full-face amount of the LOI is not invested by the end of the 13-month period, your account will be adjusted to the higher initial sales charge level for the amount actually invested. You are not legally bound by the terms of your LOI to purchase the amount of your shares stated in the LOI. The LOI does, however, authorize the Fund to hold in escrow 5% of the total amount you intend to purchase. If you do not complete the total intended purchase at the end of the 13 month period, the Fund's transfer agent will redeem the necessary portion of the escrowed shares to make up the difference between the reduced rate sales charge (based on the amount you intended to purchase) and the sales charge that would normally apply (based on the actual amount you purchased).
Waiving Your Class A Sales Charge
The sales charge on purchases of Class A shares is waived for certain types of investors, including:
·
Current and retired directors and officers of the Fund sponsored by the adviser or any of its subsidiaries, their families ( e.g., spouse, children, mother or father) and any purchases referred through the adviser.
·
Employees of the adviser and their families, or any full-time employee or registered representative of the distributor or of broker-dealers having dealer agreements with the distributor (a "Selling Broker") and their immediate families (or any trust, pension, profit sharing or other benefit plan for the benefit of such persons).
·
Any full-time employee of a bank, savings and loan, credit union or other financial institution that utilizes a Selling Broker to clear purchases of the fund's shares and their immediate families.
·
Participants in certain "wrap-fee" or asset allocation programs or other fee-based arrangements sponsored by broker-dealers and other financial institutions that have entered into agreements with the distributor.
·
Clients of financial intermediaries that have entered into arrangements with the distributor providing for the shares to be used in particular investment products made available to such clients and for which such registered investment advisors may charge a separate fee.
·
Institutional investors (which may include bank trust departments and registered investment advisors).
·
Any accounts established on behalf of registered investment advisors or their clients by broker-dealers that charge a transaction fee and that have entered into agreements with the distributor.
·
Separate accounts used to fund certain unregistered variable annuity contracts or Section 403(b) or 401(a) or (k) accounts.
·
Employer-sponsored retirement or benefit plans with total plan assets in excess of $5 million where the plan's investments in the Fund are part of an omnibus account. A minimum initial investment of $1 million in the Fund is required. The distributor in its sole discretion may waive these minimum dollar requirements.
The Fund does not waive sales charges for the reinvestment of proceeds from the sale of shares of a different fund where those shares were subject to a front-end sales charge (sometimes called an "NAV transfer").
Class C Shares
Class C shares of the Fund are sold at NAV without an initial sales charge. This means that 100% of your initial investment is placed into shares of the Fund. Class C shares pay up to 1.00% on an annualized basis of the average daily net assets as reimbursement or compensation for service and distribution-related activities with respect to the Fund and/or shareholder services. Over time, fees paid under this distribution and service plan will increase the cost of a Class C shareholders investment and may cost more than other types of sales charges.
Factors to Consider When Choosing a Share Class
When deciding which class of shares of the Fund to purchase, you should consider your investment goals, present and future amounts you may invest in the Fund, and the length of time you intend to hold your shares. You should consider, given the length of time you may hold your shares, whether the ongoing expenses of Class C shares will be greater than the front-end sales charge of Class A shares and to what extent such difference may be offset by the lower ongoing expenses on Class A shares. To help you make a determination as to which class of shares to buy, please refer back to the examples of the Funds expenses over time in the Fees and Expenses section of this Prospectus. You also may wish to consult with your financial adviser for advice with regard to which share class would be most appropriate for you.
Minimum Investment Amounts
Payments for Fund shares should be in U.S. dollars, and in order to avoid fees and delays, should be drawn on a U.S. bank. Please remember that Fund management reserves the right to reject any purchase order for a Funds shares if, in the Funds opinion, such an order would cause a material detriment to existing shareholders. Your purchase of Fund shares is subject to the following minimum
investment amounts:
|
MINIMUM INVESTMENT TO OPEN AN ACCOUNT |
MINIMUM SUBSEQUENT INVESTMENTS |
Regular |
$2,500 |
$1,000 |
IRAs* |
$1,000 |
$ 100 |
Coverdell ESAs |
$ 500 |
$ 500** |
FOR AUTOMATIC INVESTMENT PLAN PARTICIPANTS
|
MINIMUM INVESTMENT TO OPEN AN ACCOUNT |
MINIMUM SUBSEQUENT INVESTMENTS |
Regular |
$2,500 |
$100 per month |
IRAs* |
$1,000 |
$100 per month |
Coverdell ESAs |
$ 500 |
$500** |
* Includes traditional IRAs, Roth IRAs and Simple IRAs.
** Up to a maximum of $2,000 per year.
Opening and Adding to Your Account
You can invest in the Funds by mail, wire transfer or through participating financial service professionals. After you have established your account and made your first purchase, you may also make subsequent purchases by telephone. You may also invest in the Funds through an automatic payment plan. Any questions you may have can be answered by calling the Fund at 1-800-723-8637.
Purchase by Mail
To make your initial investment in the Fund, simply complete the Account Application included with this Prospectus, make a check payable to the appropriate Fund and mail the Application and check to:
Two Oaks Diversified Income Fund |
c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC |
4020 South 147 th Street, Suite 2 |
Omaha, NE 68137 |
To make subsequent purchases, simply make a check payable to the Fund and mail the check to the above-mentioned addresses. Be sure to note your Fund account number on the check.
Your purchase order, if accompanied by payment, will be processed upon receipt by Gemini Fund Services, LLC, the Fund s transfer agent. If the transfer agent receives your order and payment by the close of regular trading on the NYSE (currently 4:00 p.m. Eastern time), your shares will be purchased at the Funds POP calculated at the close of regular trading on that day. Otherwise, your shares will be purchased at the POP determined as of the close of regular trading on the next business day. If you do not indicate which share class you wish to purchase, Class A shares will be purchased for your account.
Wire Transfer Purchases
If you wish to wire money to make a subsequent investment in to the Fund, please call the Fund at 800-723-8637 for wiring instructions and to notify the Fund that a wire transfer is coming. Any commercial bank can transfer same-day funds by wire. The Fund will normally accept wired funds for investment on the day received if they are received by the Fund s designated bank before the close of regular trading on the NYSE. Your bank may charge you for wiring same-day funds.
Purchases through Financial Service Organizations
You may purchase shares of the Fund through participating brokers, dealers, and other financial professionals. Simply call your investment professional to make your purchase. If you are a client of a securities broker, dealer or other financial organization, you should note that such organizations may charge a separate fee for administrative services in connection with investments in Fund shares and may impose account minimums and other requirements. These fees and requirements would be in addition to those imposed by the Fund. If you are investing through a securities broker, dealer or other financial organization, please refer to its program materials for any additional special provisions or conditions that may be different from those described in this Prospectus (for example, some or all of the services and privileges described may not be available to you). Securities brokers, dealers and other financial organizations have the responsibility of transmitting purchase orders and funds, and of crediting their customers accounts following redemptions, in a timely manner in accordance with their customer agreements and this Prospectus.
Automatic Investment Plan
You may purchase shares of the Fund through an Automatic Investment Plan. The Plan provides a convenient way for you to have money deducted directly from your checking, savings, or other accounts for investment in shares of the Fund. You can take advantage of the Plan by filling out the Automatic Investment Plan application included with this Prospectus. You may only select an account maintained at a domestic financial institution, which is an Automated Clearing House (ACH) member for automatic withdrawals under the Plan. The Fund may alter, modify, amend or terminate the Plan at any time, but will notify you if it does so. For more information, call the Fund s transfer agent at 800-723-8637.
Telephone Purchases
In order to be able to purchase shares by telephone, your account authorizing such purchases must have been established prior to your call. Your initial purchase of shares may not be made by telephone. Shares purchased by telephone will be purchased at the per share POP determined at the close of business on the day that the transfer agent receives the telephone purchase request. Call the transfer agent for details. You may make purchases by telephone only if you have an account at a bank that is a member of the ACH. Most transfers are completed within three business days of your call. To preserve flexibility, the Funds may revise or eliminate the ability to purchase Fund shares by phone or may charge a fee for such service, although the Fund do es not currently expect to charge such a fee.
The transfer agent employs certain procedures designed to confirm that instructions communicated by telephone are genuine. Such procedures may include, but are not limited to, requiring some form of personal identification prior to acting upon telephonic instructions, providing written confirmations of all such transactions, and/or tape recording all telephonic instructions. Assuming procedures such as the above have been followed, neither the transfer agent nor the Fund will be liable for any loss, cost, or expense for acting upon telephone instructions that are believed to be genuine. The Fund has authority, as your agent, to redeem shares in your account to cover any such loss. As a result of this policy, you will bear the risk of any loss unless the Fund has failed to follow procedures such as the above. However, if the Fund fails to follow such procedures, it may be liable for such losses.
Miscellaneous Purchase Information
All applications to purchase shares of the Fund are subject to acceptance or rejection by authorized officers of the Trust and are not binding until accepted. Applications will not be accepted unless they are accompanied by payment in U.S. funds. Payment must be made by check or wire transfer drawn on a U.S. bank, savings and loan association or credit union. In addition to any loss sustained by the Fund, the Funds custodian may charge a fee against your account for any payment check returned to the custodian for insufficient funds. The Fund reserves the right to refuse to accept applications under circumstances or in amounts considered disadvantageous to current shareholders. If you place an order for Fund shares through a securities broker and you place your order in proper form before 4:00 p.m. Eastern time on any business day (a day when the NYSE is open) in accordance with their procedures, your purchase will be processed at the POP calculated at 4:00 p.m. on that day, provided the securities broker transmits your order to the transfer agent before 5:00 p.m. Eastern time. The securities broker must send to the transfer agent immediately available funds in the amount of the purchase price within three business days of your order.
Federal regulations require that you provide certified taxpayer identification number whenever you open or reopen an account. Congress has mandated that if any shareholder fails to provide and certify to the accuracy of the shareholders social security number or other taxpayer identification number, the Fund will be required to withhold a percentage, as specified by the Internal Revenue Code, of all dividends, distributions and payments, including redemption proceeds, to such shareholder as a backup withholding procedure.
How to Redeem Shares
You may sell (redeem) your shares at any time. You may request the sale of your shares either by mail, by telephone or by wire.
By Mail
Sale requests should be mailed via U.S. mail or overnight courier service to:
Two Oaks Diversified Income Fund |
c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC |
4020 South 147 th Street. Suite 2 |
Omaha, NE 68137 |
The selling price of the shares being redeemed will be the Funds per share net asset value next calculated after receipt of all required documents in good order, less any applicable CDSC. Payment of redemption proceeds will be made no later than the third business day after the valuation date unless otherwise expressly agreed by the parties at the time of the transaction.
Good order means that the request must include:
1.
Your account number;
2.
The number of shares to be sold (redeemed) or the dollar value of the amount to be redeemed;
3.
The signatures of all account owners exactly as they are registered on the account;
4.
Any required signature guarantees; and
5.
Any supporting legal documentation that is required in the case of estates, trusts, corporations or partnerships and certain other types of accounts.
Medallion Signature Guarantees
A medallion signature guarantee of each owner is required to redeem shares in the following situations, for all size transactions:
1.
if you change the ownership on your account;
2.
when you want the redemption proceeds sent to a different address than is registered on the account;
3.
any redemption transmitted by federal wire transfer to your bank; and
4.
if a change of address request has been received by the Company or Gemini Fund Services within 15 days previous to the request for redemption.
In addition, medallion signature guarantees are required for all redemptions of $25,000 or more from any shareholder account. A redemption will not be processed until the medallion signature guarantee, if required, is received in good order.
Medallion signature guarantees are designed to protect both you and the Fund from fraud. To obtain a medallion signature guarantee, you should visit a bank, trust company, member of a national securities exchange or other broker-dealer, or other eligible guarantor institution (Notaries public cannot provide medallion signature guarantees). Guarantees must be signed by an authorized person at one of these institutions, and be accompanied by the words Medallion Signature Guarantee.
By Telephone
You may redeem your shares in the Fund by calling the transfer agent at 1-800-723-8637 if you elected to use telephone redemption on your account application when you initially purchased shares. Redemption proceeds must be transmitted directly to you or to your pre-designated account at a domestic bank. You may not redeem by telephone if the Fund or the transfer agent received a change of address request within 15 days previous to the request for redemption. During periods of substantial economic or market changes, telephone redemptions may be difficult to implement. If you are unable to contact the transfer agent by telephone, shares may be redeemed by delivering the redemption request in person or by mail. You should understand that with the telephone redemption option, you may be giving up a measure of security that you might otherwise have had were you to redeem your shares in writing. In addition, interruptions in telephone service may mean that you will be unable to make redemption by telephone if desired. If you purchase your shares by check and then redeem your shares before your check has cleared, the Fund may hold your redemption proceeds until your check clears, or for 15 days, whichever comes first.
By Wire
You may request the redemption proceeds be wired to your designated bank if it is a member bank or a correspondent of a member bank of the Federal Reserve System. The Fund s custodian charges a $10.00 fee for outgoing wires.
Redemption at the Option of the Fund
If the value of the shares in your account falls to less than $500, the Fund may notify you that, unless your account is increased to $500 in value, it will redeem all your shares and close the account by paying you the redemption proceeds and any dividends and distributions declared and unpaid at the date of redemption. You will have thirty days after notice to bring the account up to $500 before any action is taken. This minimum balance requirement does not apply to IRAs and other tax-sheltered investment accounts. This right of redemption shall not apply if the value of your account drops below $500 as the result of market action. The Fund reserves this right because of the expense to the Fund for maintaining very small accounts.
Exchanging Fund Shares
You will not pay a sales charge on an exchange if you are eligible for a sales charge waiver or if you paid the applicable sales charge on the shares you are exchanging. Otherwise, you will pay a sales charge equal to the difference between the sales charges you paid on the shares you are exchanging and the sales charge payable on the shares you are receiving.
Exchanges are processed the same business day they are received, provided they are received before 4:00 p.m. eastern time. The exchange is made at the Net Asset Value per share of the Fund next determined after the exchange request is received. Generally, an exchange between Funds is considered a sale and generally results in a capital gain or loss for federal income tax purposes.
All exchanges are subject to a Funds investment minimum or eligibility requirement. The Fund do es not charge a fee for exchanges. You may request an exchange by contacting your financial services firm, by calling 1-800-723-8637, or by writing the Fund at:
c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC
4020 South 147th Street, Suite 2
Omaha, NE 68137
Before making an exchange request, you should read the Prospectus of the Fund whose shares you would like to purchase by exchange. Exchanges will be processed only if the Fund into which you are exchanging is registered in your state of residence. The Fund may change the terms and conditions of your exchange privileges upon 60 days written notice.
The exchange privilege is not intended as a way for you to speculate on short-term movements in the market. Therefore, to prevent disruptions in the management of the Fund, the Fund limit s excessive exchange activity as described in Frequent Purchases and Redemptions of Fund Shares. Your exchange privilege will be revoked if the exchange activity is considered excessive. In addition, the Fund may reject any exchange request for any reason, including if it does not think that it is in the best interests of the Fund and/or its shareholders to accept the exchange.
Anti-Money Laundering and Customer Identification Programs
The USA P ATRIOT Act requires financial institutions, including the Fund, to adopt certain policies and programs to prevent money-laundering activities, including procedures to verify the identity of customers opening new accounts. When completing a new Application Form, you will be required to supply the Fund with information, such as your taxpayer identification number, that will assist the Fund in verifying your identity. As required by law, the Fund may employ various procedures, such as comparing the information to fraud databases or requesting additional information or documentation from you, to ensure that the information supplied by you is correct. The Fund may not be able to open your account or complete a transaction for you until the Fund is able to verify your information. When opening an account for a foreign business, enterprise or non-US person that does not have an identification number, we require alternative government-issued documentation certifying the existence of the person, business or enterprise.
TAX STATUS, DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS
Any sale or exchange of a Funds shares may generate tax liability (unless you are a tax-exempt investor or your investment is in a qualified retirement account). When you redeem your shares you may realize a taxable gain or loss. This is measured by the difference between the proceeds of the sale and the tax basis for the shares you sold. (To aid in computing your tax basis, you generally should retain your account statements for the period that you hold shares in the Fund.)
The Fund intends to distribute substantially all of its net investment income quarterly and net capital gains annually in December. Both distributions will be reinvested in shares of the Fund unless you elect to receive cash. Dividends from net investment income (including any excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss) are taxable to investors as ordinary income, while distributions of net capital gain (the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss) are generally taxable as long-term capital gain, regardless of your holding period for the shares. Any dividends or capital gain distributions you receive from the Fund will normally be taxable to you when made, regardless of whether you reinvest dividends or capital gain distributions or receive them in cash. Certain dividends or distributions declared in October, November or December will be taxed to shareholders as if received in December if they are paid during the following January. Each year the Fund will inform you of the amount and type of your distributions. IRAs and other qualified retirement plans are exempt from federal income taxation until retirement proceeds are paid out to the participant.
Your redemptions, including exchanges, may result in a capital gain or loss for federal tax purposes. A capital gain or loss on your investment is the difference between the cost of your shares, including any sales charges, and the amount you receive when you sell them.
On the account application, you will be asked to certify that your social security number or taxpayer identification number is correct and that you are not subject to backup withholding for failing to report income to the IRS. If you are subject to backup withholding or you did not certify your taxpayer identification number, the IRS requires the Fund to withhold a percentage of any dividend, redemption or exchange proceeds. The Fund reserves the right to reject any application that does not include a certified social security or taxpayer identification number. If you do not have a social security number, you should indicate on the purchase form that your application to obtain a number is pending. The Fund is required to withhold taxes if a number is not delivered to the Fund within seven days.
This summary is not intended to be and should not be construed to be legal or tax advice. You should consult your own tax advisors to determine the tax consequences of owning the Funds shares.
FREQUENT PURCHASES AND REDEMPTIONS OF FUND SHARES
The Fund discourages and does not accommodate market timing. Frequent trading into and out of a Fund can harm all Fund shareholders by disrupting the Funds investment strategies, increasing Fund expenses, decreasing tax efficiency and diluting the value of shares held by long-term shareholders. The Fund is designed for long-term investors and is not intended for market timing or other disruptive trading activities. Accordingly, the Fund's Board has approved policies that seek to curb these disruptive activities while recognizing that shareholders may have a legitimate need to adjust their Fund investments as their financial needs or circumstances change.
The Fund currently uses several methods to reduce the risk of market timing. These methods include committing staff to review, on a continuing basis, recent trading activity in order to identify trading activity that may be contrary to the Funds Market Timing Trading Policy. If a shareholder makes a redemption that is both within a predetermined number of days of purchase and in excess of a predetermined dollar amount, the Fund and its adviser will further evaluate the shareholder's transactions to determine whether the trading pattern suggests an ongoing market timing strategy. Though these methods involve judgments that are inherently subjective and involve some selectivity in their application, the Fund seeks to make judgments and applications that are consistent with the interests of the Funds shareholders.
Based on the frequency of redemptions in your account, the adviser or transfer agent may in its sole discretion determine that your trading activity is detrimental to the Fund as described in the Funds Market Timing Trading Policy and elect to (i) reject or limit the amount, number, frequency or method for requesting future purchases into the Fund and/or (ii) reject or limit the amount, number, frequency or method for requesting redemptions out of the Fund.
The Fund reserves the right to reject or restrict purchase or exchange requests for any reason, particularly when a shareholder's trading activity suggests that the shareholder may be engaged in market timing or other disruptive trading activities. Neither the Fund nor the adviser will be liable for any losses resulting from rejected purchase or exchange orders. The adviser may also bar an investor who has violated these policies (and the investor's financial adviser) from opening new accounts with the Fund.
Although the Fund attempts to limit disruptive trading activities, some investors use a variety of strategies to hide their identities and their trading practices. There can be no guarantee that the Fund will be able to identify or limit these activities. Omnibus account arrangements are common forms of holding shares of funds. While the Fund will encourage financial intermediaries to apply the Funds Market Timing Trading Policy to their customers who invest indirectly in the Fund, the Fund is limited in its ability to monitor the trading activity or enforce the Funds Market Timing Trading Policy with respect to customers of financial intermediaries. For example, should it occur, the Fund may not be able to detect market timing that may be facilitated by financial intermediaries or made difficult to identify in the omnibus accounts used by those intermediaries for aggregated purchases, exchanges and redemptions on behalf of all their customers. More specifically, unless the financial intermediaries have the ability to apply the Funds Market Timing Trading Policy to their customers through such methods as implementing short-term trading limitations or restrictions, assessing the Funds redemption fee and monitoring trading activity for what might be market timing, the Fund may not be able to determine whether trading by customers of financial intermediaries is contrary to the Funds Market Timing Trading Policy. However, the Fund will ensure that financial intermediaries maintaining omnibus accounts on behalf of the Fund enter into an agreement with the Fund to provide shareholder transaction information, to the extent known to the financial intermediary, to the Fund upon request.
DISTRIBUTION OF SHARES
Distributor
Northern Lights Distributors, LLC, 4020 South 147th Street, Omaha, Nebraska 68137, is the distributor for the shares of the Fund. Northern Lights Distributors, LLC is a registered broker-dealer and member of FINRA. Shares of the Fund are offered on a continuous basis.
Distribution Fees
The Fund has adopted Distribution Plans ("12b-1 Plans" or "Plans"), pursuant to which the Fund pays the Fund's distributor an annual fee for distribution and shareholder servicing expenses of 0.25% and 1.00% of the of the Fund's average daily net assets attributable to Class A shares and Class C shares, respectively.
The Fund's distributor and other entities are paid under the Plans for services provided and the expenses borne by the distributor and others in the distribution of Fund shares, including the payment of commissions for sales of the shares and incentive compensation to and expenses of dealers and others who engage in or support distribution of shares or who service shareholder accounts, including overhead and telephone expenses; printing and distribution of prospectuses and reports used in connection with the offering of the Funds shares to other than current shareholders; and preparation, printing and distribution of sales literature and advertising materials. In addition, the distributor or other entities may utilize fees paid pursuant to the Plans to compensate dealers or other entities for their opportunity costs in advancing such amounts, which compensation would be in the form of a carrying charge on any un-reimbursed expenses.
Payments under the 12b-1 Plans are not tied exclusively to the distribution and/or shareholder servicing expenses actually incurred by the Fund Manager or the Distributor and such payments may exceed the expenses actually incurred
You should be aware that if you hold your shares for a substantial period of time, you may indirectly pay more than the economic equivalent of the maximum front-end sales charge allowed by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority due to the recurring nature of distribution (12b-1) fees.
Additional Compensation to Financial Intermediaries
The Fund's distributor, its affiliates, and the Fund's adviser may, at their own expense and out of their own legitimate profits, provide additional cash payments to financial intermediaries who sell shares of the Fund. Financial intermediaries include brokers, financial planners, banks, insurance companies, retirement or 401(k) plan administrators and others. These payments may be in addition to the Rule 12b-1 fees and any sales charges that are disclosed elsewhere in this Prospectus. These payments are generally made to financial intermediaries that provide shareholder or administrative services, or marketing support. Marketing support may include access to sales meetings, sales representatives and financial intermediary management representatives, inclusion of the Fund on a sales list, including a preferred or select sales list, or other sales programs. These payments also may be made as an expense reimbursement in cases where the financial intermediary provides shareholder services to Fund shareholders. The Distributor may, from time to time, provide promotional incentives, including reallowance and/or payment of up to the entire sales charge, to certain investment firms. Such incentives may, at the Distributor's discretion, be limited to investment firms who allow their individual selling representatives to participate in such additional commissions.
Householding
To reduce expenses, we mail only one copy of the prospectus and each annual and semi-annual report to those addresses shared by two or more accounts. If you wish to receive individual copies of these documents, please call the Fund at 1-800-723-8637.on days the Fund is open for business or contact your financial institution. We will begin sending you individual copies thirty days after receiving your request.
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
The financial highlights tables below are intended to help you understand the Funds financial performance. The Fund is a continuation of the Predecessor Fund and, therefore, the financial information includes results of the Predecessor Fund. Certain information reflects financial results for a single Fund share. The total returns in the tables represent the rate that an investor would have earned (or lost) on an investment in the various classes of shares of the Fund (assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions). The financial highlights are from the Fund s financial statements, which have been audited by the independent registered public accounting firm of Cohen Fund Audit Services, Ltd, whose report, along with the Fund s financial statements, are included in the annual report for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011 . These financial highlights, along with other information concerning the Fund, are included in the Predecessor Fund s annual report, which is available without charge upon request.
[table to be updated by subsequent amendment]
PRIVACY STATEMENT
Your privacy is important to us. The Fund is committed to maintaining the confidentiality, integrity, and security of your personal information. When you provide personal information, the Fund believes that you should be aware of policies to protect the confidentiality of that information.
The Fund collects the following nonpublic personal information about you:
·
Information we receive from you on or in applications or other forms, correspondence, or conversations, including, but not limited to, your name, address, phone number, social security number, assets, income, and date of birth; and
·
Information about your transactions with us, our affiliates, or others, including, but not limited to, your account number and balance, payments history, parties to transactions, cost basis information, and other financial information.
The Fund does not disclose any nonpublic personal information about our current or former shareholders to affiliated or nonaffiliated third parties, except as permitted by law. For example, the Fund is permitted by law to disclose all of the information we collect, as described above, to our transfer agent to process your transactions. Furthermore, the Fund restricts access to your nonpublic personal information to those persons who require such information to provide products or services to you. The Fund maintains physical, electronic, and procedural safeguards that comply with applicable federal and state standards to guard your nonpublic personal information.
In the event that you hold shares of the Fund through a financial intermediary, including, but not limited to, a broker-dealer, bank, or trust company, the privacy policy of your financial intermediary would govern how your nonpublic personal information would be shared with affiliated or non-affiliated third parties.
TWO OAKS DIVERSIFIED INCOME F UND
c /o Gemini Fund Services, LLC
4020 South 147 th Street, Suite 2
Omaha NE 68137
Investment Company Act No.
811- XXXX
FOR MORE INFORMATION
Additional information about the Funds or the Predecessor Funds investments is available in the Annual and Semi-Annual Report to shareholders of the Funds or the Predecessor Funds. In the Annual Report, you will find a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected Funds performance during the previous fiscal year. The Annual and Semi-Annual Reports are available without charge by calling the Fund. You may also get additional information concerning the Funds from the sources listed below:
Statement of Additional Information (SAI) - The SAI contains more detailed information on all aspects of the Fund, including policies and procedures relating to the disclosure of the Funds portfolio holdings. A current SAI, dated August 1, 2011 , has been filed with the SEC and is incorporated by reference into this Prospectus. To request a free copy of the SAI, or the Funds or the Predecessor Fund s latest Annual Report or Semi-Annual Report, please contact the Funds at:
Two Oaks Diversified Income Fund
c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC
4020 South 147 th Street, Suite 2
Omaha, NE 68137
800-723-8637
The Funds website:
A copy of your requested document(s) will be mailed to you within three days of your request.
Information about the Fund (including the SAI) can also be reviewed and copied at the SECs Public Reference Room in Washington, DC, and information concerning the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-202-551-8090. Information about the Fund is also available on the SECs EDGAR database at the SECs web site (www.sec.gov). Copies of this information can be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request (publicinfo@sec.gov), or by writing the SECs Public Reference Section, 100 F Street NE, Washington, DC 20549-0102.
Statement of Additional Information
Dated: July 1, 2011
Alternative Strategies Mutual Fund
Class I Shares (Symbol: AASFX)
Class A Shares (Symbol: AASAX)
This Statement of Additional Information (SAI) provides general information about the Alternative Strategies Mutual Fund (the Fund), a series of Northern Lights Fund Trust II (the Trust). This SAI is not a prospectus and should be read in conjunction with the Funds current prospectus for Class I and Class A shares dated July 1, 2011 (the Prospectus), as supplemented and amended from time to time, which is incorporated herein by reference and the Annual and Semi-Annual Report to Shareholders of the Alternative Strategies Mutual Fund, a series of the Trust for Professional Managers ( the Predecessor Fund). The Predecessor Funds audited financial statements for the fiscal year ended February 28, 201 1 are incorporated herein by reference from the Predecessor Funds 2011 Annual Report to Shareholders. To obtain a copy of the Prospectus and/or the Predecessor Funds Annual and Semi-Annual Report s to Shareholders free of charge, please write or call the Fund at the address or telephone number below or visit the Funds website at www.ascentiafunds.com:
Alternative Strategies Mutual Fund
c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC
4020 South 147 th Street
Omaha, NE 68137
1-866-506-7390
---------------------------------
TABLE OF CONTENTS
---------------------------------
THE TRUST
INVESTMENT POLICIES, STRATEGIES AND ASSOCIATED RISKS
FUNDAMENTAL INVESTMENT LIMITATIONS
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND
BOARD OF TRUSTEES
BOARD LEADERSHIP STRUCTURE
TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS
TRUSTEE QUALIFICATIONS
TRUSTEE OWNERSHIP OF FUND SHARES
BOARD COMMITTEES
TRUSTEE COMPENSATION
CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS
INVESTMENT ADVISOR
SUB-ADVISORS
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
SERVICE PROVIDERS
DISTRIBUTION OF FUND SHARES
12B-1 DISTRIBUTION PLAN
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
CODE OF ETHICS
PROXY VOTING PROCEDURES
ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING COMPLIANCE PROGRAM
PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS INFORMATION
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION OF FUND SHARES
TAX MATTERS
DISTRIBUTIONS
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
APPENDIX A RATINGS DEFINITIONS
The Trust
The Alternative Strategies Mutual Fund (the Fund) is a diversified series of Northern Lights Fund Trust II, (the Trust) a Delaware statutory trust, organized on August 26, 2010. The Fund was organized on April __, 2011 to acquire all the assets of the Predecessor Fund, in a tax-free reorganization, effective June [28], 2011 (the Reorganization).
The Trust is registered as an open-end management investment company. The Trust is governed by its Board of Trustees (the "Board" or "Trustees"). The Fund may issue an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest. All shares of the Fund have equal rights and privileges. Each share of the Fund is entitled to one vote on all matters as to which shares are entitled to vote. In addition, each share of the Fund is entitled to participate equally with other shares (i) in dividends and distributions declared by the Fund and (ii) on liquidation to its proportionate share of the assets remaining after satisfaction of outstanding liabilities. Shares of the Fund are fully paid, non-assessable and fully transferable when issued and have no pre-emptive, conversion or exchange rights. Fractional shares have proportionately the same rights, including voting rights, as are provided for a full share.
The Fund is a diversified series of the Trust. The Fund's investment objective, restrictions and policies are more fully described here and in the Prospectus. The Board may add classes to and reclassify the shares of the Fund, start other series and offer shares of a new fund under the Trust at any time.
The Fund offers two classes of shares: Class A shares and Investor Class shares. Each share class represents an interest in the same assets of the Fund, has the same rights and is identical in all material respects except that (i) each class of shares may be subject to different (or no) sales loads, (ii) each class of shares may bear different (or no) distribution fees; (iii) each class of shares may have different shareholder features, such as minimum investment amounts; (iv) certain other class-specific expenses will be borne solely by the class to which such expenses are attributable, including transfer agent fees attributable to a specific class of shares, printing and postage expenses related to preparing and distributing materials to current shareholders of a specific class, registration fees paid by a specific class of shares, the expenses of administrative personnel and services required to support the shareholders of a specific class, litigation or other legal expenses relating to a class of shares, Trustees' fees or expenses paid as a result of issues relating to a specific class of shares and accounting fees and expenses relating to a specific class of shares and (v) each class has exclusive voting rights with respect to matters relating to its own distribution arrangements. Each share of the Fund is entitled to one vote on all matters as to which shares are entitled to vote. In addition, each share of the Fund is entitled to participate equally with other shares on a class-specific basis (i) in dividends and distributions declared by the Fund and (ii) on liquidation to its proportionate share of the assets remaining after satisfaction of outstanding liabilities. Shares of the Funds are fully paid, non-assessable and fully transferable when issued and have no pre-emptive, conversion or exchange rights. Fractional shares have proportionately the same rights, including voting rights, as are provided for a full share.
Under the Trust's Agreement and Declaration of Trust, each Trustee will continue in office until the termination of the Trust or his/her earlier death, incapacity, resignation or removal. Shareholders can remove a Trustee to the extent provided by the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "1940 Act") and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. Vacancies may be filled by a majority of the remaining Trustees, except insofar as the 1940 Act may require the election by shareholders. As a result, normally no annual or regular meetings of shareholders will be held unless matters arise requiring a vote of shareholders under the Agreement and Declaration of Trust or the 1940 Act.
Ascentia Capital Partners, LLC (the Advisor) serves as the investment advisor to the Fund.
Investment Policies, Strategies and Associated Risks
The investment objective of the Fund is long term capital appreciation through low correlation to broad market indices. The Fund is diversified. Under applicable federal laws, to qualify as a diversified fund, the Fund, with respect to 75% of its total assets, may not invest greater than 5% of its total assets in any one issuer and may not hold greater than 10% of the securities of one issuer. The remaining 25% of the Funds total assets does not need to be diversified and may be invested in securities of a single issuer, subject to other applicable laws. The diversification of the Funds holdings is measured at the time the Fund purchases a security. However, if the Fund purchases a security and holds it for a period of time, the security may become a larger percentage of the Funds total assets due to movements in the financial markets. If the market affects several securities held by the Fund, the Fund may have a greater percentage of its assets invested in securities of fewer issuers. Because the Fund is diversified, the Fund is less subject to the risk that its performance may be hurt disproportionately by the poor performance of relatively few securities despite the Fund qualifying as a diversified fund under applicable federal laws.
There is no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. The following discussion supplements the description of the Funds investment objective and principal investment strategies set forth in the Prospectus. Except for the fundamental investment limitations listed below (see Fundamental Investment Limitations), the Funds investment strategies and policies are not fundamental and may be changed by sole action of the Board of Trustees, without shareholder approval. While the Fund is permitted to hold securities and engage in various strategies as described hereafter, it is not obligated to do so. The Funds investment objective and strategies may be changed without the approval of the Funds shareholders upon 30 days written notice to shareholders.
Whenever an investment policy or limitation states a maximum percentage of the Funds assets that may be invested in any security, or other asset, or sets forth a policy regarding quality standards, such standard or percentage limitation will be determined immediately after and as a result of the Funds acquisition or sale of such security or other asset. Accordingly, except with respect to borrowing and illiquid securities, any subsequent change in values, net assets or other circumstances will not be considered when determining whether an investment complies with the Funds investment policies and limitations. In addition, if a bankruptcy or other extraordinary event occurs concerning a particular investment by the Fund, the Fund may receive stock, real estate or other investments that the Fund would not, or could not, buy. If this happens, the Fund will sell such investments as soon as practicable while trying to maximize the return to Fund shareholders. Please note, however, that the guidance referenced in the first two sentences of this paragraph does not apply to the Funds investments in illiquid securities or the Funds borrowing of money.
Recent Market Events
During 2008 and 2009, U.S. and international markets experienced dramatic volatility. As a result, the securities markets have experienced substantially lower valuations, reduced liquidity, price volatility, credit downgrades, and increased likelihood of default and valuation difficulties. Accordingly, the risks of investing in the following securities have increased.
Equity Securities
An equity security (such as a stock, partnership interest or other beneficial interest in an issuer) represents a proportionate share of the ownership of a company. Its value is based on the success of the companys business, any income paid to stockholders, the value of its assets and general market conditions. Common stocks and preferred stocks are examples of equity securities. Preferred stocks are equity securities that often pay dividends at a specific rate and have a preference over common stocks in dividend payments and liquidation of assets. Some preferred stocks may be convertible into common stock. Convertible securities are securities (such as debt securities or preferred stock) that may be converted into or exchanged for a specified amount of common stock of the same or different issuer within a particular period of time at a specified price or formula.
The risks of investing in companies in general include business failure and reliance on erroneous reports. To the extent the Fund is invested in the equity securities of small- or medium-size companies, it will be exposed to the risks of smaller sized companies. Small- and medium-size companies, directly or indirectly, often have narrower markets for their goods and/or services and more limited managerial and financial resources than larger, more established companies. Furthermore, those companies often have limited product lines or services, markets or financial resources, or are dependent on a small management group. In addition, because these securities are not well-known to the investing public, do not have significant institutional ownership and are followed by relatively few security analysts, there will normally be less publicly available information concerning these securities compared to what is available for the securities of larger companies. Adverse publicity and investor perceptions, whether or not based on fundamental analysis, can decrease the value and liquidity of securities held by the Fund. As a result, their performance can be more volatile and they face greater risk of business failure, which could increase the volatility of the Funds portfolio.
Preferred Stock
A preferred stock is a blend of the characteristics of a bond and common stock. It can offer the higher yield of a bond and has priority over common stock in equity ownership, but does not have the seniority of a bond and, unlike common stock, its participation in the issuers growth may be limited. Preferred stock has preference over common stock in the receipt of dividends and in any residual assets after payment to creditors should the issuer be dissolved. Although the dividend is set at a fixed annual rate, in some circumstances it can be changed or omitted by the issuer.
Short Sales
The Fund may seek to hedge investments or realize additional gains through short sales. Short sales are transactions in which the Fund sells a security it does not own in anticipation of a decline in the value of that security relative to the long positions held by the Fund. To complete such a transaction, the Fund must borrow the security to make delivery to the buyer. The Fund then is obligated to replace the security borrowed by purchasing it at the market price at or prior to the time of replacement. The price at such time may be more or less than the price at which the security was sold by the Fund. Until the security is replaced, the Fund is required to repay the lender any dividends or interest that accrues during the period of the loan. To borrow the security, the Fund also may be required to pay a premium, which would increase the cost of the security sold. The net proceeds of the short sale will be retained by the broker (or by the Funds custodian, [Union Bank] (the Custodian)) in a special custody account, to the extent necessary to meet margin requirements, until the short position is closed out. The Fund also will incur transaction costs in effecting short sales.
The Fund will incur a loss as a result of the short sale if the price of the security increases between the date of the short sale and the date on which the Fund replaces the borrowed security. Short sales may, however, protect the Fund against the risk of losses in the value of its portfolio securities because any unrealized losses with respect to such portfolio securities should be wholly or partially offset by a corresponding gain in the short position. However, any potential gains in such portfolio securities should be wholly or partially offset by a corresponding loss in the short position. The extent to which such gains or losses are offset will depend upon the amount of securities sold short relative to the amount the Fund owns, either directly or indirectly, and, in the case where the Fund owns convertible securities, changes in the conversion premium. There can be no assurance that the Fund will be able to close out a short position at any particular time or at an acceptable price.
The Fund also must segregate liquid assets equal to the difference between (a) the market value of the securities sold short at the time they were sold short and (b) the value of the collateral deposited with the broker in connection with the short sale (not including the proceeds from the short sale). While the short position is open, the Fund must maintain segregated assets at such a level that the amount segregated plus the amount deposited with the broker as collateral equal the current market value of the securities sold short.
Other Investment Companies
The Fund may invest up to 100% of its net assets in shares of other investment companies, including money market mutual funds, other mutual funds or exchange traded funds (ETFs). The Funds investments in money market mutual funds may be used for cash management purposes and to maintain liquidity in order to satisfy redemption requests or pay unanticipated expenses. The Fund limits its investments in securities issued by other investment companies in accordance with the 1940 Act or with certain terms and conditions of applicable exemptive orders issued by the SEC and approved by the Board of Trustees. Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act precludes the Fund from acquiring (i) more than 3% of the total outstanding shares of another investment company; (ii) shares of another investment company having an aggregate value in excess of 5% of the value of the total assets of the Fund; or (iii) shares of another registered investment company and all other investment companies having an aggregate value in excess of 10% of the value of the total assets of the Fund. However, Section 12(d)(1)(F) of the 1940 Act provides that the provisions of paragraph 12(d)(1) shall not apply to securities purchased or otherwise acquired by the Fund if (i) immediately after such purchase or acquisition not more than 3% of the total outstanding shares of such investment company is owned by the Fund and all affiliated persons of the Fund; and (ii) the Fund has not offered or sold, and is not proposing to offer or sell its shares through a principal underwriter or otherwise at a public or offering price that includes a sales load of more than 1 1/2%. SEC Rule 12d1-3 provides, however, that the Fund may rely on the Section 12(d)(1)(F) exemption and charge a sales load in excess of 1 1/2 % provided the sales load and any service fee charged does not exceed limits set forth in applicable Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (FINRA) rules.
If the Fund invests in investment companies, including ETFs, pursuant to Section 12(d)(1)(F), it must comply with the following voting restrictions: when the Fund exercises voting rights, by proxy or otherwise, with respect to investment companies owned by the Fund, the Fund will either seek instruction from the Funds shareholders with regard to the voting of all proxies and vote in accordance with such instructions, or vote the shares held by the Fund in the same proportion as the vote of all other holders of such security. In addition, an investment company purchased by the Fund pursuant to Section 12(d)(1)(F) shall not be required to redeem its shares in an amount exceeding 1% of such investment companys total outstanding shares in any period of less than thirty days. In addition to the advisory and operational fees the Fund bears directly in connection with its own operation, the Fund also bears its pro rata portion of the advisory and operational expenses incurred indirectly through investments in other investment companies. In addition, ETFs are subject to the following risks that do not apply to conventional mutual funds: (1) the market price of the ETFs shares may trade at a discount to their net asset value; (2) an active trading market for an ETFs shares may not develop or be maintained; or (3) trading of an ETFs shares may be halted if the listing exchanges officials deem such action appropriate, the shares are de-listed from the exchange, or the activation of market-wide circuit breakers (which are tied to large decreases in stock prices) halts stock trading generally. Additionally, ETFs have management fees, which increase their cost.
Exchange-Traded Funds
An ETF generally is an open-end investment company, unit investment trust or a portfolio of securities deposited with a depository in exchange for depository receipts. The portfolios of ETFs generally consist of common stocks that closely track the performance and dividend yield of specific securities indices, either broad market, sector or international. ETFs provide investors the opportunity to buy or sell throughout the day an entire portfolio of stocks in a single security. Although index mutual funds are similar, they are generally sold and redeemed only once per day at market close. Broad securities market index ETFs include Standard & Poors Depository Receipts (SPDRs), which are interests in a unit investment trust representing an undivided interest in a portfolio of all of the common stocks of the S&P 500 Index. The ETFs in which the Fund invests are subject to liquidity risk. Liquidity risk exists when particular investments are difficult to purchase or sell, possibly preventing the sale of the security at an advantageous time or price. To the extent that the ETFs in which the Fund invests hold securities of companies with smaller market capitalizations or securities with substantial market risk, they will have a greater exposure to liquidity risk.
Foreign Investments and Currencies
The Fund may invest in securities of foreign issuers that are not publicly traded in the United States. The Fund may also invest in American Depositary Receipts (ADRs), European Depositary Receipts (EDRs) and Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs), foreign securities traded on a national securities market and may purchase and sell foreign currency on a spot basis and enter into forward currency contracts (see Forward Currency Contracts, below).
Depositary Receipts . The Fund may invest its assets in securities of foreign issuers in the form of depositary receipts, including ADRs, EDRs and GDRs, which are securities representing securities of foreign issuers. A purchaser of unsponsored depositary receipts may not have unlimited voting rights and may not receive as much information about the issuer of the underlying securities as with a sponsored depositary receipt. Generally, ADRs, in registered form, are denominated in U.S. dollars and are designed for use in the U.S. securities markets. ADRs are receipts typically issued by a U.S. bank or trust company evidencing ownership of the underlying securities. For purposes of the Funds investment policies, ADRs are deemed to have the same classification as the underlying securities they represent. Thus, an ADR representing ownership of common stock will be treated as common stock.
Risks of Investing in Foreign Securities . Investments in foreign securities involve certain inherent risks, including the following:
Political and Economic Factors . Individual foreign economies of certain countries may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy in such respects as growth of gross national product, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency, diversification and balance of payments position. The internal politics of certain foreign countries may not be as stable as those of the United States. Governments in certain foreign countries also continue to participate to a significant degree, through ownership interest or regulation, in their respective economies. Action by these governments could include restrictions on foreign investment, nationalization, expropriation of goods or imposition of taxes, and could have a significant effect on market prices of securities and payment of interest. The economies of many foreign countries are heavily dependent upon international trade and are accordingly affected by the trade policies and economic conditions of their trading partners. Enactment by these trading partners of protectionist trade legislation could have a significant adverse effect upon the securities markets of such countries.
Currency Fluctuations . The Fund may invest in securities denominated in foreign currencies. Accordingly, a change in the value of any such currency against the U.S. dollar will result in a corresponding change in the U.S. dollar value of the Funds assets denominated in that currency. Such changes will also affect the Funds income. The value of the Funds assets may also be affected significantly by currency restrictions and exchange control regulations enacted from time to time.
Market Characteristics . Many foreign securities in which the Fund may invest could be purchased in over-the-counter markets or on exchanges located in the countries in which the principal offices of the issuers of the various securities are located, if that is the best available market. Foreign exchanges and markets may be more volatile than those in the United States. While growing in volume, they usually have substantially less volume than U.S. markets, and the Funds foreign securities may be less liquid and more volatile than U.S. securities. Moreover, settlement practices for transactions in foreign markets may differ from those in U.S. markets, and may include delays beyond periods customary in the United States. Foreign security trading practices, including those involving securities settlement where Fund assets may be released prior to receipt of payment or securities, may expose the Fund to increased risk in the event of a failed trade or the insolvency of a foreign broker-dealer.
Legal and Regulatory Matters . Certain foreign countries may have less supervision of securities markets, brokers and issuers of securities, and less financial information available from issuers, than is available in the United States.
Taxes . The interest and dividends payable on certain of the Funds foreign portfolio securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes, thus reducing the net amount of income available for distribution to Fund shareholders.
Costs . To the extent that the Fund invests in foreign securities, its expense ratio is likely to be higher than those of investment companies investing only in domestic securities, because the cost of maintaining the custody of foreign securities is higher.
Emerging Markets . The Funds investments in foreign securities may include securities of companies located in developing or emerging markets, which entail additional risks, including: less social, political and economic stability; smaller securities markets and lower trading volume, which may result in less liquidity and greater price volatility; national policies that may restrict the Funds investment opportunities, including restrictions on investments in issuers or industries, or expropriation or confiscation of assets or property; and less developed legal structures governing private or foreign investment.
Forward Currency Contracts . The Fund may enter into forward currency contracts in anticipation of changes in currency exchange rates. A forward currency contract is an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract. For example, the Fund might purchase a particular currency or enter into a forward currency contract to preserve the U.S. dollar price of securities it intends to or has contracted to purchase. Alternatively, it might sell a particular currency on either a spot or forward basis to hedge against an anticipated decline in the dollar value of securities it intends to or has contracted to sell. Although this strategy could minimize the risk of loss due to a decline in the value of the hedged currency, it could also limit any potential gain from an increase in the value of the currency.
In considering whether to invest in the securities of a foreign company, the Advisor and sub-advisors consider such factors as the characteristics of the particular company, differences between economic trends and the performance of securities markets within the U.S. and those within other countries, and also factors relating to the general economic, governmental and social conditions of the country or countries where the company is located. The extent to which the Fund will be invested in foreign companies and countries and depositary receipts will fluctuate from time to time within the limitations described in the Prospectus, depending on the Advisors or sub-advisors assessment of prevailing market, economic and other conditions.
Swap Agreements
The Fund may enter into swap agreements for purposes of attempting to gain exposure to equity or debt securities without actually purchasing those securities, or to hedge a position. Swap agreements are two-party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging from a day to more than one year. In a standard swap transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on particular predetermined investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or swapped between the parties are calculated with respect to a notional amount, i.e., the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount invested in a basket of securities representing a particular index.
Most swap agreements entered into by the Fund calculate the obligations of the parties to the agreement on a net basis. Consequently, the Funds current obligations (or rights) under a swap agreement will generally be equal only to the net amount to be paid or received under the agreement based on the relative values of the positions held by each party to the agreement (the net amount). Payments may be made at the conclusion of a swap agreement or periodically during its term.
Swap agreements do not involve the delivery of securities or other underlying assets. Accordingly, if a swap is entered into on a net basis, if the other party to a swap agreement defaults, the Funds risk of loss consists of the net amount of payments that the Fund is contractually entitled to receive, if any.
The net amount of the excess, if any, of the Funds obligations over its entitlements with respect to a swap agreement entered into on a net basis will be accrued daily and an amount of cash or liquid asset having an aggregate net asset value at least equal to the accrued excess will be maintained in an account with the Custodian. The Fund will also establish and maintain such accounts with respect to its total obligations under any swaps that are not entered into on a net basis. Obligations under swap agreements so covered will not be construed to be senior securities for purposes of the Funds investment restriction concerning senior securities.
Because they are two-party contracts and because they may have terms of greater than seven days, swap agreements may be considered to be illiquid for the Funds illiquid investment limitations. The Fund will not enter into any swap agreement unless the Advisor or a sub-advisor believes that the other party to the transaction is creditworthy. The Fund bears the risk of loss of the amount expected to be received under a swap agreement in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a swap agreement counter-party.
The Fund may enter into a swap agreement in circumstances where the Advisor or sub-advisor believes that it may be more cost effective or practical than buying the securities represented by such index or a futures contract or an option on such index. The counter-party to any swap agreement will typically be a bank, investment banking firm or broker/dealer. The counter-party will generally agree to pay the Fund the amount, if any, by which the notional amount of the swap agreement would have increased in value had it been invested in the particular stocks represented in the index, plus the dividends that would have been received on those stocks. The Fund will agree to pay to the counter-party a floating rate of interest on the notional amount of the swap agreement plus the amount, if any, by which the notional amount would have decreased in value had it been invested in such stocks. Therefore, the return to the Fund on any swap agreement should be the gain or loss on the notional amount plus dividends on the stocks less the interest paid by the Fund on the notional amount.
The swap market has grown substantially in recent years with a large number of banks and investment banking firms acting both as principals and as agents utilizing standardized swap documentation. As a result, the swap market has become relatively liquid in comparison with the markets for other similar instruments that are traded in the OTC market.
Fixed-Income Securities
The Fund may invest in a wide range of fixed-income securities, which may include obligations of any rating or maturity.
The Fund may invest in investment grade corporate debt securities and lower-rated corporate debt securities (commonly known as junk bonds). Lower-rated or high yield debt securities include corporate high yield debt securities, zero-coupon securities, payment-in kind securities and strips. Investment grade corporate bonds are those rated BBB or better by Standard & Poors Rating Service (S&P) or Baa or better by Moodys Investors Service (Moodys). Securities rated BBB by S&P are considered investment grade, but Moodys considers securities rated Baa to have speculative characteristics. The Fund may also invest in unrated securities.
Junk Bonds . The Fund may invest up to 25% of its net assets in junk bonds. Junk bonds generally offer a higher current yield than that available for higher-grade issues. However, lower-rated securities involve higher risks, in that they are especially subject to adverse changes in general economic conditions and in the industries in which the issuers are engaged, to changes in the financial condition of the issuers and to price fluctuations in response to changes in interest rates. During periods of economic downturn or rising interest rates, highly leveraged issuers may experience financial stress that could adversely affect their ability to make payments of interest and principal and increase the possibility of default. In addition, the market for lower-rated debt securities has expanded rapidly in recent years, and its growth paralleled a long economic expansion. At times in recent years, the prices of many lower-rated debt securities declined substantially, reflecting an expectation that many issuers of such securities might experience financial difficulties. As a result, the yields on lower-rated debt securities rose dramatically, but such higher yields did not reflect the value of the income stream that holders of such securities expected, but rather, the risk that holders of such securities could lose a substantial portion of their value as a result of the issuers financial restructuring or default. There can be no assurance that such declines will not recur. The market for lower-rated debt issues generally is thinner and less active than that for higher quality securities, which may limit the Funds ability to sell such securities at fair value in response to changes in the economy or financial markets. Adverse publicity and investor perceptions, whether or not based on fundamental analysis, may also decrease the values and liquidity of lower-rated securities, especially in a thinly traded market. Changes by recognized rating services in their rating of a fixed-income security may affect the value of these investments. The Fund will not necessarily dispose of a security when its rating is reduced below its rating at the time of purchase. However, the Advisor and sub-advisors will monitor the investment to determine whether continued investment in the security will assist in meeting the Funds investment objective.
Corporate Debt Securities . Corporate debt securities are fixed-income securities issued by businesses to finance their operations, although corporate debt instruments may also include bank loans to companies. Notes, bonds, debentures and commercial paper are the most common types of corporate debt securities, with the primary difference being their maturities and secured or unsecured status. Commercial paper has the shortest term and is usually unsecured.
The broad category of corporate debt securities includes debt issued by domestic or foreign companies of all kinds, including those with small-, mid- and large-capitalizations. Corporate debt may be rated investment-grade or below investment-grade and may carry variable or floating rates of interest.
Because of the wide range of types and maturities of corporate debt securities, as well as the range of creditworthiness of its issuers, corporate debt securities have widely varying potentials for return and risk profiles. For example, commercial paper issued by a large established domestic corporation that is rated investment-grade may have a modest return on principal, but carries relatively limited risk. On the other hand, a long-term corporate note issued by a small foreign corporation from an emerging market country that has not been rated may have the potential for relatively large returns on principal, but carries a relatively high degree of risk.
Corporate debt securities carry both credit risk and interest rate risk. Credit risk is the risk that the Fund could lose money if the issuer of a corporate debt security is unable to pay interest or repay principal when it is due. Some corporate debt securities that are rated below investment-grade are generally considered speculative because they present a greater risk of loss, including default, than higher quality debt securities. The credit risk of a particular issuers debt security may vary based on its priority for repayment. For example, higher ranking (senior) debt securities have a higher priority than lower ranking (subordinated) securities. This means that the issuer might not make payments on subordinated securities while continuing to make payments on senior securities. In addition, in the event of bankruptcy, holders of higher-ranking senior securities may receive amounts otherwise payable to the holders of more junior securities. Interest rate risk is the risk that the value of certain corporate debt securities will tend to fall when interest rates rise. In general, corporate debt securities with longer terms tend to fall more in value when interest rates rise than corporate debt securities with shorter terms.
Zero-Coupon Securities . Zero-coupon securities make no periodic interest payments, but are sold at a deep discount from their face value. The buyer recognizes a rate of return determined by the gradual appreciation of the security, which is redeemed at face value on a specified maturity date. The discount varies depending on the time remaining until maturity, as well as market interest rates, liquidity of the security and the issuers perceived credit quality. If the issuer defaults, the holder may not receive any return on its investment. Because zero-coupon securities bear no interest and compound semiannually at the rate fixed at the time of issuance, their value generally is more volatile than the value of other fixed-income securities. Since zero-coupon bondholders do not receive interest payments, when interest rates rise, zero-coupon securities fall more dramatically in value than bonds paying interest on a current basis. When interest rates fall, zero-coupon securities rise more rapidly in value because the bonds reflect a fixed rate of return. An investment in zero-coupon and delayed interest securities may cause the Fund to recognize income and make distributions to shareholders before it receives any cash payments on its investment.
Unrated Debt Securities . Unrated debt, while not necessarily lower in quality than rated securities, may not have as broad a market. Because of the size and perceived demand for the issue, among other factors, certain issuers may decide not to pay the cost of getting a rating for their bonds. The creditworthiness of the issuer, as well as any financial institution or other party responsible for payments on the security, will be analyzed to determine whether to purchase unrated bonds.
Convertible Securities
The Fund may invest in convertible securities. A convertible security is a fixed-income security (a debt instrument or a preferred stock) which may be converted at a stated price within a specified period of time into a certain quantity of the common stock of the same or a different issuer. Convertible securities are senior to common stocks in an issuers capital structure, but are usually subordinated to similar non-convertible securities. While providing a fixed-income stream (generally higher in yield than the income derivable from common stock but lower than that afforded by a similar non-convertible security), a convertible security also gives an investor the opportunity, through its conversion feature, to participate in the capital appreciation of the issuing company depending upon a market price advance in the convertible securitys underlying common stock.
Warrants
The Fund may invest in warrants. A warrant gives the holder a right to purchase at any time during a specified period a predetermined number of shares of common stock at a fixed price. Unlike convertible debt securities or preferred stock, warrants do not pay a fixed coupon or dividend. Investments in warrants involve certain risks, including the possible lack of a liquid market for resale of the warrants, potential price fluctuations as a result of speculation or other factors and failure of the price of the underlying security to reach or have reasonable prospects of reaching a level at which the warrant can be prudently exercised (in which event the warrant may expire without being exercised, resulting in a loss of the Funds entire investment therein).
Borrowing
The Fund may borrow money for investment purposes, which is a form of leveraging. Leveraging investments, by purchasing securities with borrowed money, is a speculative technique that increases investment risk while increasing investment opportunity. Leverage will magnify changes in the Funds net asset value and on the Funds investments. Although the principal of such borrowings will be fixed, the Funds assets may change in value during the time the borrowing is outstanding. Leverage also creates interest expenses for the Fund. To the extent the income derived from securities purchased with borrowed funds exceeds the interest the Fund will have to pay, the Funds net income will be greater than it would be if leverage were not used. Conversely, if the income from the assets obtained with borrowed funds is not sufficient to cover the cost of leveraging, the net income of the Fund will be less than it would be if leverage were not used, and therefore the amount available for distribution to shareholders as dividends will be reduced. The use of derivatives in connection with leverage creates the potential for significant loss.
The Fund may also borrow funds to meet redemptions or for other emergency purposes. Such borrowings may be on a secured or unsecured basis at fixed or variable rates of interest. The 1940 Act requires the Fund to maintain continuous asset coverage of not less than 300% with respect to all borrowings. If such asset coverage should decline to less than 300% due to market fluctuations or other reasons, the Fund may be required to dispose of some of its portfolio holdings within three days in order to reduce the Funds debt and restore the 300% asset coverage, even though it may be disadvantageous from an investment standpoint to dispose of assets at that time.
The Fund also may be required to maintain minimum average balances in connection with such borrowing or to pay a commitment or other fee to maintain a line of credit. Either of these requirements would increase the cost of borrowing over the stated interest rate.
Borrowing by the Fund creates an opportunity for increased net income, but at the same time, creates special risk considerations. For example, leveraging may exaggerate the effect on net asset value of any increase or decrease in the market value of the Funds portfolio.
Securities Lending
The Fund may lend securities from its portfolio to brokers, dealers and financial institutions (but not individuals) in order to increase the return on its portfolio. The value of the loaned securities may not exceed one-third of the Funds total net assets and loans of portfolio securities are fully collateralized based on values that are marked-to-market daily. The Fund will not enter into any portfolio security lending arrangement having a duration of longer than one year. The principal risk of portfolio lending is potential default or insolvency of the borrower. In either of these cases, the Fund could experience delays in recovering securities or collateral or could lose all or part of the value of the loaned securities. The Fund may pay reasonable administrative and custodial fees in connection with loans of portfolio securities and may pay a portion of the interest or fee earned thereon to the borrower or a placing broker.
In determining whether or not to lend a security to a particular broker, dealer or financial institution, the Advisor or a sub-advisor considers all relevant facts and circumstances, including the size, creditworthiness and reputation of the broker, dealer or financial institution. Any loans of portfolio securities are fully collateralized based on values that are marked-to-market daily. Any securities that the Fund may receive as collateral will not become part of the Funds investment portfolio at the time of the loan and, in the event of a default by the borrower, the Fund will, if permitted by law, dispose of such collateral except for such part thereof that is a security in which the Fund is permitted to invest. During the time securities are on loan, the borrower will pay the Fund any accrued income on those securities, however, such payments of accrued income will not constitute qualified dividend income and will be taxable as ordinary income. For loaned securities, the Fund may invest the cash collateral and earn income or receive an agreed-upon fee from a borrower that has delivered cash-equivalent collateral. The Fund will be responsible for the risks associated with the investment of the cash collateral, including the risk that the Fund may lose money on the investment or may fail to earn sufficient income to meet its obligations to the borrower.
Options, Futures and Other Strategies
General . The Fund may use certain options (both traded on an exchange and over-the-counter (OTC)), futures contracts (sometimes referred to as futures) and options on futures contracts (collectively, Financial Instruments) as a substitute for a comparable market position in the underlying security, to attempt to hedge or limit the exposure of the Funds position, to create a synthetic money market position, for certain tax-related purposes and to effect closing transactions.
The use of Financial Instruments is subject to applicable regulations of the SEC, the several exchanges upon which they are traded and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the CFTC). In addition, the Funds ability to use Financial Instruments will be limited by tax considerations. Pursuant to a claim for exemption filed with the National Futures Association on behalf of the Fund, the Fund is not deemed to be a commodity pool operator or a commodity pool under the Commodity Exchange Act and is not subject to registration or regulation as such under the Commodity Exchange Act. In addition to the instruments, strategies and risks described below and in the Prospectus, the Funds Advisor or sub-advisors may discover additional opportunities in connection with Financial Instruments and other similar or related techniques. These new opportunities may become available as the Advisor and sub-advisors develop new techniques, as regulatory authorities broaden the range of permitted transactions and as new Financial Instruments or other techniques are developed. The Advisor and sub-advisors may utilize these opportunities to the extent that they are consistent with the Funds investment objective and permitted by the Funds investment limitations and applicable regulatory authorities. The Prospectus or this SAI will be supplemented to the extent that new products or techniques involve materially different risks than those described below or in the Prospectus.
Special Risks . The use of Financial Instruments involves special considerations and risks, certain of which are described below. Risks pertaining to particular Financial Instruments are described in the sections that follow.
(1)
Successful use of most Financial Instruments depends upon the Advisors and sub-advisors ability to predict movements of the overall securities markets, which requires different skills than predicting changes in the prices of individual securities. The ordinary spreads between prices in the cash and futures markets, due to the differences in the natures of those markets, are subject to distortion. Due to the possibility of distortion, a correct forecast of stock market trends by the Advisor or sub-advisors may still not result in a successful transaction. The Advisor or sub-advisors may be incorrect in their expectations as to the extent of market movements or the time span within which the movements take place, which, thus, may result in the strategy being unsuccessful.
(2)
Options and futures prices can diverge from the prices of their underlying instruments. Options and futures prices are affected by such factors as current and anticipated short-term interest rates, changes in volatility of the underlying instrument and the time remaining until expiration of the contract, which may not affect security prices the same way. Imperfect or no correlation also may result from differing levels of demand in the options and futures markets and the securities markets, from structural differences in how options and futures and securities are traded and from imposition of daily price fluctuation limits or trading halts.
(3)
As described below, the Fund might be required to maintain assets as cover, maintain segregated accounts or make margin payments when it takes positions in Financial Instruments involving obligations to third parties (e.g . , Financial Instruments other than purchased options). If the Fund were unable to close out its positions in such Financial Instruments, it might be required to continue to maintain such assets or accounts or make such payments until the position expired or matured. These requirements might impair the Funds ability to sell a portfolio security or make an investment when it would otherwise be favorable to do so or require that the Fund sell a portfolio security at a disadvantageous time. The Funds ability to close out a position in a Financial Instrument prior to expiration or maturity depends on the existence of a liquid secondary market or, in the absence of such a market, the ability and willingness of the other party to the transaction (the counter-party) to enter into a transaction closing out the position. Therefore, there is no assurance that any position can be closed out at a time and price that is favorable to the Fund.
(4)
Losses may arise due to unanticipated market price movements, lack of a liquid secondary market for any particular instrument at a particular time or due to losses from premiums paid by the Fund on options transactions.
Cover . Transactions using Financial Instruments, other than purchased options, expose the Fund to an obligation to another party. The Fund will not enter into any such transactions unless it owns either (1) an offsetting (covered) position in securities or other options or futures contracts or (2) cash and liquid assets with a value, marked-to-market daily, sufficient to cover its potential obligations to the extent not covered as provided in (1) above. The Fund will comply with SEC guidelines regarding cover for these instruments and will, if the guidelines so require, set aside cash or liquid assets in an account with its Custodian, or another approved custodian, in the prescribed amount as determined daily.
Assets used as cover or held in an account cannot be sold while the position in the corresponding Financial Instrument is open, unless they are replaced with other appropriate assets. As a result, the commitment of a large portion of the Funds assets to cover accounts could impede portfolio management or the Funds ability to meet redemption requests or other current obligations.
Options . The value of an option position will reflect, among other things, the current market value of the underlying investment, the time remaining until expiration, the relationship of the exercise price to the market price of the underlying investment and general market conditions. Options that expire unexercised have no value. Options currently are traded on the Chicago Board Options Exchange, the NYSE Amex Options exchange and other exchanges, as well as the OTC markets.
By buying a call option on a security, the Fund has the right, in return for the premium paid, to buy the security underlying the option at the exercise price. By writing (selling) a call option and receiving a premium, the Fund becomes obligated during the term of the option to deliver securities underlying the option at the exercise price if the option is exercised. By buying a put option, the Fund has the right, in return for the premium, to sell the security underlying the option at the exercise price. By writing a put option, the Fund becomes obligated during the term of the option to purchase the securities underlying the option at the exercise price.
Because options premiums paid or received by the Fund are small in relation to the market value of the investments underlying the options, buying and selling put and call options can be more speculative than investing directly in securities.
The Fund may effectively terminate its right or obligation under an option by entering into a closing transaction. For example, the Fund may terminate its obligation under a call or put option that it had written, by purchasing an identical call or put option. This is known as a closing purchase transaction. Conversely, the Fund may terminate a position in a put or call option it had purchased by writing an identical put or call option. This is known as a closing sale transaction. Closing transactions permit the Fund to realize profits or limit losses on an option position prior to its exercise or expiration.
Risks of Options on Securities . Exchange-traded options in the United States are issued by a clearing organization affiliated with the exchange on which the option is listed that, in effect, guarantees completion of every exchange-traded option transaction. In contrast, OTC options are contracts between the Fund and its counter-party (usually a securities dealer or a bank) with no clearing organization guarantee. Thus, when the Fund purchases an OTC option, it relies on the counter-party from whom it purchased the option to make or take delivery of the underlying investment upon exercise of the option. Failure by the counter-party to do so would result in the loss of any premium paid by the Fund as well as the loss of any expected benefit of the transaction.
The Funds ability to establish and close out positions in exchange-traded options depends on the existence of a liquid market. However, there can be no assurance that such a market will exist at any particular time. Closing transactions can be made for OTC options only by negotiating directly with the counter-party or by a transaction in the secondary market if any such market exists. There can be no assurance that the Fund will in fact be able to close out an OTC option position at a favorable price prior to expiration. In the event of insolvency of the counter-party, the Fund might be unable to close out an OTC option position at any time prior to its expiration.
If the Fund were unable to effect a closing transaction for an option it had purchased, it would have to exercise the option to realize any profit. The inability to enter into a closing purchase transaction for a covered call option written by the Fund could cause material losses because the Fund would be unable to sell the investment used as cover for the written option until the option expires or is exercised.
Options on Indices . An index fluctuates with changes in the market values of the securities included in the index. Options on indices give the holder the right to receive an amount of cash upon exercise of the option. Receipt of this cash amount will depend upon the closing level of the index upon which the option is based being greater than (in the case of a call) or less than (in the case of a put) the exercise price of the option. Some stock index options are based on a broad market index such as the S&P 500 Index, the NYSE Composite Index or the NYSE Arca Major Market Index or on a narrower index such as the Philadelphia Stock Exchange Over-the-Counter Index.
Each of the exchanges has established limitations governing the maximum number of call or put options on the same index that may be bought or written by a single investor, whether acting alone or in concert with others (regardless of whether such options are written on the same or different exchanges or are held or written on one or more accounts or through one or more brokers). Under these limitations, option positions of all investment companies advised by the Advisor or a sub-advisor are combined for purposes of these limits. Pursuant to these limitations, an exchange may order the liquidation of positions and may impose other sanctions or restrictions. These positions limits may restrict the number of listed options that the Fund may buy or sell.
Puts and calls on indices are similar to puts and calls on securities or futures contracts except that all settlements are in cash and gain or loss depends on changes in the index in question rather than on price movements in individual securities or futures contracts. When the Fund writes a call on an index, it receives a premium and agrees that, prior to the expiration date, the purchaser of the call, upon exercise of the call, will receive from the Fund an amount of cash if the closing level of the index upon which the call is based is greater than the exercise price of the call. The amount of cash is equal to the difference between the closing price of the index and the exercise price of the call times a specified multiple (multiplier), which determines the total value for each point of such difference. When the Fund buys a call on an index, it pays a premium and has the same rights to such call as are indicated above. When the Fund buys a put on an index, it pays a premium and has the right, prior to the expiration date, to require the seller of the put, upon the Funds exercise of the put, to deliver to the Fund an amount of cash if the closing level of the index upon which the put is based is less than the exercise price of the put, which amount of cash is determined by the multiplier, as described above for calls. When the Fund writes a put on an index, it receives a premium and the purchaser of the put has the right, prior to the expiration date, to require the Fund to deliver to it an amount of cash equal to the difference between the closing level of the index and the exercise price times the multiplier if the closing level is less than the exercise price.
Risks of Options on Indices . If the Fund has purchased an index option and exercises it before the closing index value for that day is available, it runs the risk that the level of the underlying index may subsequently change. If such a change causes the exercised option to fall out-of-the-money, the Fund will be required to pay the difference between the closing index value and the exercise price of the option (times the applicable multiplier) to the assigned writer.
OTC Options . Unlike exchange-traded options, which are standardized with respect to the underlying instrument, expiration date, contract size and strike price, the terms of OTC options (options not traded on exchanges) generally are established through negotiation with the other party to the option contract. While this type of arrangement allows the Fund great flexibility to tailor the option to its needs, OTC options generally involve greater risk than exchange-traded options, which are guaranteed by the clearing organization of the exchanges where they are traded.
Futures Contracts and Options on Futures Contracts . A futures contract obligates the seller to deliver (and the purchaser to take delivery of) the specified security on the expiration date of the contract. An index futures contract obligates the seller to deliver (and the purchaser to take) an amount of cash equal to a specific dollar amount times the difference between the value of a specific index at the close of the last trading day of the contract and the price at which the agreement is made. No physical delivery of the underlying securities in the index is made.
When the Fund writes an option on a futures contract, it becomes obligated, in return for the premium paid, to assume a position in the futures contract at a specified exercise price at any time during the term of the option. If the Fund writes a call, it assumes a short futures position. If it writes a put, it assumes a long futures position. When the Fund purchases an option on a futures contract, it acquires the right in return for the premium it pays to assume a position in a futures contract (a long position if the option is a call and a short position if the option is a put).
Whether the Fund realizes a gain or loss from futures activities depends upon movements in the underlying security or index. The extent of the Funds loss from an unhedged short position in futures contracts or from writing unhedged call options on futures contracts is potentially unlimited. The Fund only purchases and sells futures contracts and options on futures contracts that are traded on a U.S. exchange or board of trade.
No price is paid upon entering into a futures contract. Instead, at the inception of a futures contract the Fund is required to deposit initial margin in an amount generally equal to 10% or less of the contract value. Margin also must be deposited when writing a call or put option on a futures contract, in accordance with applicable exchange rules. Unlike margin in securities transactions, initial margin does not represent a borrowing, but rather is in the nature of a performance bond or good-faith deposit that is returned to the Fund at the termination of the transaction if all contractual obligations have been satisfied. Under certain circumstances, such as periods of high volatility, the Fund may be required by an exchange to increase the level of its initial margin payment, and initial margin requirements might be increased generally in the future by regulatory action.
Subsequent variation margin payments are made to and from the futures commission merchant daily as the value of the futures position varies, a process known as marking-to-market. Variation margin does not involve borrowing, but rather represents a daily settlement of the Funds obligations to or from a futures commission merchant. When the Fund purchases an option on a futures contract, the premium paid plus transaction costs is all that is at risk. In contrast, when the Fund purchases or sells a futures contract or writes a call or put option thereon, it is subject to daily variation margin calls that could be substantial in the event of adverse price movements. If the Fund has insufficient cash to meet daily variation margin requirements, it might need to sell securities at a time when such sales are disadvantageous.
Purchasers and sellers of futures contracts and options on futures can enter into offsetting closing transactions, similar to closing transactions in options, by selling or purchasing, respectively, an instrument identical to the instrument purchased or sold. Positions in futures and options on futures contracts may be closed only on an exchange or board of trade that provides a secondary market. However, there can be no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for a particular contract at a particular time. In such event, it may not be possible to close a futures contract or options position.
Under certain circumstances, futures exchanges may establish daily limits on the amount that the price of a futures contract or an option on a futures contract can vary from the previous days settlement price. Once that limit is reached, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond the limit. Daily price limits do not limit potential losses because prices could move to the daily limit for several consecutive days with little or no trading, thereby preventing liquidation of unfavorable positions.
If the Fund were unable to liquidate a futures contract or an option on a futures position due to the absence of a liquid secondary market or the imposition of price limits, it could incur substantial losses. The Fund would continue to be subject to market risk with respect to the position. In addition, except in the case of purchased options, the Fund would continue to be required to make daily variation margin payments and might be required to maintain cash or liquid assets in an account.
Risks of Futures Contracts and Options Thereon . The ordinary spreads between prices in the cash and futures markets (including the options on futures markets), due to differences in the natures of those markets, are subject to the following factors, which may create distortions. First, all participants in the futures market are subject to margin deposit and maintenance requirements. Rather than meeting additional margin deposit requirements, investors may close futures contracts through offsetting transactions, which could distort the normal relationships between the cash and futures markets. Second, the liquidity of the futures market depends on participants entering into offsetting transactions rather than making or taking delivery. To the extent participants decide to make or take delivery, liquidity in the futures market could be reduced, thus producing distortion. Third, from the point of view of speculators, the deposit requirements in the futures market are less onerous than margin requirements in the securities market. Therefore, increased participation by speculators in the futures market may cause temporary price distortions.
Combined Positions . The Fund may purchase and write options in combination with each other. For example, the Fund may purchase a put option and write a call option on the same underlying instrument, in order to construct a combined position whose risk and return characteristics are similar to selling a futures contract. Another possible combined position would involve writing a call option at one strike price and buying a call option at a lower price, in order to reduce the risk of the written call option in the event of a substantial price increase. Because combined options positions involve multiple trades, they result in higher transaction costs and may be more difficult to open and close out.
Temporary and Cash Investments
Under normal market conditions, the Fund will stay fully invested according to its principal investment strategies as noted above. The Fund, however, may temporarily depart from its principal investment strategies by making short-term investments in cash, cash equivalents, and high-quality, short-term debt securities and money market instruments for temporary defensive purposes in response to adverse market, economic or political conditions. This may result in the Fund not achieving its investment objectives during that period.
For longer periods of time, the Fund may hold a substantial cash position. If the market advances during periods when the Fund is holding a large cash position, the Fund may not participate to the extent it would have if the Fund had been more fully invested. To the extent that the Fund uses a money market fund for its cash position, there will be some duplication of expenses because the Fund would bear its pro rata portion of such money market funds advisory fees and operational expenses.
The Fund may invest in any of the following securities and instruments:
Money Market Mutual Funds . The Fund may invest in money market mutual funds in connection with its management of daily cash positions or as a temporary defensive measure. Generally, money market mutual funds seek to earn income consistent with the preservation of capital and maintenance of liquidity. They primarily invest in high quality money market obligations, including securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or its agencies and instrumentalities, bank obligations and high-grade corporate instruments. These investments generally mature within 397 days from the date of purchase. An investment in a money market mutual fund is not a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any government agency. The Funds investments in money market mutual funds may be used for cash management purposes and to maintain liquidity in order to satisfy redemption requests or pay unanticipated expenses.
Your cost of investing in the Fund will generally be higher than the cost of investing directly in the underlying money market mutual fund shares. You will indirectly bear fees and expenses charged by the underlying money market mutual funds in addition to the Funds direct fees and expenses. Furthermore, the use of this strategy could affect the timing, amount and character of distributions to you and therefore may increase the amount of taxes payable by you.
Bank Certificates of Deposit, Bankers Acceptances and Time Deposits . The Fund may acquire certificates of deposit, bankers acceptances and time deposits. Certificates of deposit are negotiable certificates issued against monies deposited in a commercial bank for a definite period of time and earning a specified return. Bankers acceptances are negotiable drafts or bills of exchange, normally drawn by an importer or exporter to pay for specific merchandise, which are accepted by a bank, meaning in effect that the bank unconditionally agrees to pay the face value of the instrument on maturity. Certificates of deposit and bankers acceptances acquired by the Fund will be dollar-denominated obligations of domestic or foreign banks or financial institutions which at the time of purchase have capital, surplus and undivided profits in excess of $100 million (including assets of both domestic and foreign branches), based on latest published reports, or less than $100 million if the principal amount of such bank obligations are fully insured by the U.S. Government.
Domestic banks and foreign banks are subject to different governmental regulations with respect to the amount and types of loans that may be made and interest rates that may be charged. In addition, the profitability of the banking industry depends largely upon the availability and cost of funds for the purpose of financing lending operations under prevailing money market conditions. General economic conditions as well as exposure to credit losses arising from possible financial difficulties of borrowers play an important part in the operations of the banking industry.
As a result of federal and state laws and regulations, domestic banks are, among other things, required to maintain specified levels of reserves, limited in the amount which they can loan to a single borrower and subject to other regulations designed to promote financial soundness. However, such laws and regulations do not necessarily apply to foreign bank obligations that the Fund may acquire.
In addition to purchasing certificates of deposit and bankers acceptances, to the extent permitted under the investment objective and policies stated above and in the Prospectus, the Fund may make interest-bearing time or other interest-bearing deposits in commercial or savings banks. Time deposits are non-negotiable deposits maintained at a banking institution for a specified period of time at a specified interest rate.
Savings Association Obligations . The Fund may invest in certificates of deposit (interest-bearing time deposits) issued by savings banks or savings and loan associations that have capital, surplus and undivided profits in excess of $100 million, based on latest published reports, or less than $100 million if the principal amount of such obligations is fully insured by the U.S. Government.
Commercial Paper, Short-Term Notes and Other Corporate Obligations . The Fund may invest a portion of its assets in commercial paper and short-term notes. Commercial paper consists of unsecured promissory notes issued by corporations. Issues of commercial paper and short-term notes will normally have maturities of less than nine months and fixed rates of return, although such instruments may have maturities of up to one year.
Commercial paper and short-term notes will consist of issues rated at the time of purchase A-2 or higher by S&P, Prime-1 or Prime-2 by Moodys, or similarly rated by another nationally recognized statistical rating organization or, if unrated, will be determined by the Advisor or a sub-advisor to be of comparable quality.
Corporate obligations include bonds and notes issued by corporations to finance longer-term credit needs than supported by commercial paper. While such obligations generally have maturities of ten years or more, the Fund may purchase corporate obligations which have remaining maturities of one year or less from the date of purchase and which are rated A or higher by S&P or A or higher by Moodys.
Asset-Backed Securities
The Fund may invest in certain types of asset-backed securities. Asset-backed securities are securities issued by trusts and special purpose entities that are backed by pools of assets, such as automobile and credit-card receivables and home equity loans, which pass through the payments on the underlying obligations to the security holders (less servicing fees paid to the originator or fees for any credit enhancement). Typically, the originator of the loan or accounts receivable paper transfers it to a specially created trust, which repackages it as securities with a minimum denomination and a specific term. The securities are then privately placed or publicly offered. Examples include certificates for automobile receivables and so-called plastic bonds, backed by credit card receivables.
The value of an asset-backed security is affected by, among other things, changes in the markets perception of the asset backing the security, the creditworthiness of the servicing agent for the loan pool, the originator of the loans and the financial institution providing any credit enhancement. Payments of principal and interest passed through to holders of asset-backed securities are frequently supported by some form of credit enhancement, such as a letter of credit, surety bond, limited guarantee by another entity or by having a priority to certain of the borrowers other assets. The degree of credit enhancement varies, and generally applies to only a portion of the asset-backed securitys par value. Value is also affected if any credit enhancement has been exhausted.
U.S. Government Obligations
The Fund may invest in various types of U.S. Government obligations. U.S. Government obligations include securities issued or guaranteed as to principal and interest by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities, such as the U.S. Treasury. Payment of principal and interest on U.S. Government obligations may be backed by the full faith and credit of the United States or may be backed solely by the issuing or guaranteeing agency or instrumentality itself. In the latter case, the investor must look principally to the agency or instrumentality issuing or guaranteeing the obligation for ultimate repayment, which agency or instrumentality may be privately owned. There can be no assurance that the U.S. Government would provide financial support to its agencies or instrumentalities (including government-sponsored enterprises) where it is not obligated to do so. See also Mortgage-Backed Securities, below.
Mortgage-Backed Securities
The Fund may invest in mortgage-backed securities. A mortgage-backed security is a type of pass-through security, which is a security representing pooled debt obligations repackaged as interests that pass income through an intermediary to investors. In the case of mortgage-backed securities, the ownership interest is in a pool of mortgage loans.
Mortgage-backed securities are most commonly issued or guaranteed by the Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA), Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA), Federal Home Loan Banks (FHLB) or Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (FHLMC), but may also be issued or guaranteed by other private issuers. GNMA is a government-owned corporation that is an agency of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. It guarantees, with the full faith and credit of the United States, full and timely payment of all monthly principal and interest on its mortgage-backed securities. FNMA is a publicly owned, government-sponsored corporation that mostly packages mortgages backed by the Federal Housing Administration, but also sells some non-governmentally backed mortgages. Pass-through securities issued by FNMA are guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest only by FNMA. The FHLMC is a publicly chartered agency that buys qualifying residential mortgages from lenders, re-packages them and provides certain guarantees. Pass-through securities issued by the FHLMC are guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest only by the FHLMC.
Some of these obligations are supported by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury. Others are supported by the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury. Others are supported by the discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to purchase the agencys obligations. Still others are supported only by the credit of the instrumentality. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Government would provide, or continue to provide, financial support to U.S. Government-sponsored instrumentalities if it is not obligated to do so by law. As a result, there is a risk that these entities will default on a financial obligation.
In September of 2008, due to the value of FNMAs and FHLMCs securities falling sharply and concerns that the firms did not have sufficient capital to offset losses resulting from the mortgage crisis, the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) placed FNMA and FHLMC into conservatorship. The effect of this conservatorship will have on the companies securities is unclear. In addition, to placing the companies in conservatorship, the U.S. Treasury announced three additional steps that it intended to take with respect to FNMA and FHLMC. First, the U.S. Treasury has agreed to provide up to $200 billion of capital as needed to ensure that FNMA and FHLMC each maintains a positive net worth and is able to fulfill their financial obligations. Second, the U.S. Treasury established a secured lending facility available to FNMA and FHLMC. Third, the U.S. Treasury initiated a temporary program to purchase FNMA and FHLMC mortgage-backed securities. The secured lending facility and the temporary purchase program terminated on December 31, 2009. However, the U.S. Treasury announced in December 2009 that it would permit its funding commitment to increase as necessary to prevent any cumulative reduction in net worth of FNMA and FHLMC over the next three years. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Treasury initiatives will be successful.
Mortgage-backed securities issued by private issuers, whether or not such obligations are subject to guarantees by the private issuer, may entail greater risk than obligations directly or indirectly guaranteed by the U.S. Government. The average life of a mortgage-backed security is likely to be substantially less than the original maturity of the mortgage pools underlying the securities. Prepayments of principal by mortgagors and mortgage foreclosures will usually result in the return of the greater part of principal invested far in advance of the maturity of the mortgages in the pool.
Collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs) are debt obligations collateralized by mortgage loans or mortgage pass-through securities (collateral collectively hereinafter referred to as Mortgage Assets). Multi-class pass-through securities are interests in a trust composed of Mortgage Assets and all references in this section to CMOs include multi-class pass-through securities. Principal prepayments on the Mortgage Assets may cause the CMOs to be retired substantially earlier than their stated maturities or final distribution dates, resulting in a loss of all or part of the premium if any has been paid. Interest is paid or accrues on all classes of the CMOs on a monthly, quarterly or semiannual basis. The principal and interest payments on the Mortgage Assets may be allocated among the various classes of CMOs in several ways. Typically, payments of principal, including any prepayments, on the underlying mortgages are applied to the classes in the order of their respective stated maturities or final distribution dates, so that no payment of principal is made on CMOs of a class until all CMOs of other classes having earlier stated maturities or final distribution dates have been paid in full.
Stripped mortgage-backed securities (SMBS) are derivative multi-class mortgage securities. The Fund will only invest in SMBS whose mortgage assets are U.S. Government obligations and are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. SMBS are usually structured with two classes that receive different proportions of the interest and principal distributions from a pool of mortgage assets. A common type of SMBS will be structured so that one class receives some of the interest and most of the principal from the mortgage assets, while the other class receives most of the interest and the remainder of the principal. If the underlying mortgage assets experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the Fund may fail to fully recoup its initial investment in these securities. The market value of any class which consists primarily or entirely of principal payments is generally unusually volatile in response to changes in interest rates.
Investment in mortgage-backed securities poses several risks, including among others, prepayment, market and credit risk. Prepayment risk reflects the risk that borrowers may prepay their mortgages faster than expected, thereby affecting the investments average life and perhaps its yield. Whether a mortgage loan is prepaid is almost entirely controlled by the borrower. Borrowers are most likely to exercise prepayment options at the time when it is least advantageous to investors, generally prepaying mortgages as interest rates fall, and slowing payments as interest rates rise. Besides the effect of prevailing interest rates, the rate of prepayment and refinancing of mortgages may also be affected by home value appreciation, ease of the refinancing process and local economic conditions. Market risk reflects the risk that the price of a security may fluctuate over time. The price of mortgage-backed securities may be particularly sensitive to prevailing interest rates, the length of time the security is expected to be outstanding and the liquidity of the issue. In a period of unstable interest rates, there may be decreased demand for certain types of mortgage-backed securities, and the Fund, to the extent that it is invested in such securities and desires to sell them, may find it difficult to find a buyer, which may in turn decrease the price at which they may be sold. Credit risk reflects the risk that the Fund may not receive all or part of its principal because the issuer or credit enhancer has defaulted on its obligations. Obligations issued by U.S. Government-related entities are guaranteed as to the payment of principal and interest, but are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. However, as described above, the U.S. Government has recently taken steps with respect to FNMA and FHLMC to ensure that they are able to fulfill their financial obligations. The performance of private label mortgage-backed securities, issued by private institutions, is based on the financial health of those institutions. With respect to GNMA certificates, although GNMA guarantees timely payment even if homeowners delay or default, tracking the pass-through payments may, at times, be difficult.
Restricted Securities
The Fund may invest in securities that are subject to restrictions on resale because they have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act). These securities are sometimes referred to as private placements. Although securities that may be resold only to qualified institutional buyers in accordance with the provisions of Rule 144A under the Securities Act are technically considered restricted securities, the Fund may purchase Rule 144A securities without regard to the limitation on investments in illiquid securities described below in the Illiquid Securities section, provided that a determination is made that such securities have a readily available trading market. The Fund may also purchase certain commercial paper issued in reliance on the exemption from registration in Section 4(2) of the Securities Act (4(2) Paper). The Advisor and/or a sub-advisor will determine the liquidity of Rule 144A securities and 4(2) Paper under the supervision of the Board of Trustees. The liquidity of Rule 144A securities and 4(2) Paper will be monitored by the Advisor and/or a sub-advisor, and if as a result of changed conditions it is determined that a Rule 144A security or 4(2) Paper is no longer liquid, the Funds holdings of illiquid securities will be reviewed to determine what, if any, action is required to assure that the Fund does not exceed its applicable percentage limitation for investments in illiquid securities.
Limitations on the resale of restricted securities may have an adverse effect on the marketability of portfolio securities and the Fund might be unable to dispose of restricted securities promptly or at reasonable prices and might thereby experience difficulty satisfying redemption requirements. The Fund might also have to register such restricted securities in order to dispose of them, resulting in additional expense and delay. Adverse market conditions could impede such a public offering of securities.
When-Issued Securities
The Fund may from time to time purchase securities on a when-issued basis. The price of such securities, which may be expressed in yield terms, is fixed at the time the commitment to purchase is made, but delivery and payment for the when-issued securities take place at a later date. Normally, the settlement date occurs within one month of the purchase. During the period between purchase and settlement, the Fund makes no payment to the issuer and no interest accrues to the Fund. To the extent that assets of the Fund are held in cash pending the settlement of a purchase of securities, the Fund would earn no income. While when-issued securities may be sold prior to the settlement date, the Fund intends to purchase such securities with the purpose of actually acquiring them unless a sale appears desirable for investment reasons. At the time the Fund makes the commitment to purchase a security on a when-issued basis, it will record the transaction and reflect the value of the security in determining its net asset value. The market value of the when-issued securities may be more or less than the purchase price. The Fund does not believe that its net asset value or income will be adversely affected by the purchase of securities on a when-issued basis. The Fund will segregate liquid assets equal in value to commitments for when-issued securities, which may reduce but does not eliminate leverage.
Illiquid Securities
As a non-principal strategy, the Fund may invest up to 15% of its net assets in securities that are illiquid at the time of purchase, which means that there may be legal or contractual restrictions on their disposition, or that there are no readily available market quotations for such a security. Illiquid securities present the risks that the Fund may have difficulty valuing these holdings and/or may be unable to sell these holdings at the time or price desired. There are generally no restrictions on the Funds ability to invest in restricted securities (that is, securities that are not registered pursuant to the Securities Act), except to the extent such securities may be considered illiquid. Securities issued pursuant to Rule 144A of the Securities Act will be considered liquid if determined to be so under procedures adopted by the Board of Trustees. The Advisor or a sub-advisor is responsible for making the determination as to the liquidity of restricted securities (pursuant to the procedures adopted by the Board of Trustees). The Fund will determine a security to be illiquid if it cannot be sold or disposed of in the ordinary course of business within seven days at the value at which the Fund has valued the security. Factors considered in determining whether a security is illiquid may include, but are not limited to: the frequency of trades and quotes for the security; the number of dealers willing to purchase and sell the security and the number of potential purchasers; the number of dealers who undertake to make a market in the security; the nature of the security, including whether it is registered or unregistered, and the market place; whether the security has been rated by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization (NRSRO); the period of time remaining until the maturity of a debt instrument or until the principal amount of a demand instrument can be recovered through demand; the nature of any restrictions on resale; and with respect to municipal lease obligations and certificates of participation, there is reasonable assurance that the obligation will remain liquid throughout the time the obligation is held and, if unrated, an analysis similar to that which would be performed by an NRSRO is performed. If a restricted security is determined to be liquid, it will not be included within the category of illiquid securities, which may not exceed 15% of the Funds net assets. Investing in Rule 144A securities could have the effect of increasing the level of the Funds illiquidity to the extent that the Fund, at a particular point in time may be unable to find qualified institutional buyers interested in purchasing the securities. The Fund is permitted to sell restricted securities to qualified institutional buyers.
Fundamental Investment Limitations
The Trust (on behalf of the Fund) has adopted the following restrictions as fundamental policies, which may not be changed without the favorable vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund, as defined in the 1940 Act. Under the 1940 Act, the vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding voting securities means the vote of the holders of the lesser of (i) 67% of the shares of the Fund represented at a meeting at which the holders of more than 50% of its outstanding shares are represented or (ii) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund.
The Fund may not:
1.
Issue senior securities, borrow money or pledge its assets, except that: (i) the Fund may borrow from banks in amounts not exceeding one-third of its total assets (including the amount borrowed); and (ii) this restriction shall not prohibit the Fund from engaging in options transactions or short sales in accordance with its objective and strategies;
2.
Act as underwriter (except to the extent the Fund may be deemed to be an underwriter in connection with the sale of securities in its investment portfolio);
3.
Invest 25% or more of its net assets, calculated at the time of purchase and taken at market value, in securities of issuers in any one industry (other than U.S. Government securities);
4.
Purchase or sell real estate unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities (although the Fund may purchase and sell securities which are secured by real estate and securities of companies that invest or deal in real estate);
5.
Purchase or sell physical commodities, unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments and provided that this restriction does not prevent the Fund from engaging in transactions involving currencies and futures contracts and options thereon or investing in securities or other instruments that are secured by physical commodities;
6.
Make loans of money (except for the lending of its portfolio securities, purchases of debt securities consistent with the investment policies of the Fund and except for repurchase agreements); or
7.
With respect to 75% of its total assets, invest 5% or more of its total assets in securities of a single issuer or hold more than 10% of the voting securities of such issuer (does not apply to investment in the securities of the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities, or other investment companies).
The following lists the non-fundamental investment restrictions applicable to the Fund. These restrictions can be changed by the Board of Trustees, but the change will only be effective after notice is given to shareholders of the Fund.
The Fund may not:
Invest 15% or more of the value of its net assets, computed at the time of investment, in illiquid securities. Illiquid securities are those securities without readily available market quotations, including repurchase agreements having a maturity of more than seven days. Illiquid securities may include restricted securities not determined by the Board of Trustees to be liquid, non-negotiable time deposits, over-the-counter options and repurchase agreements providing for settlement in more than seven days after notice.
Except with respect to borrowing and illiquid securities, if a percentage or rating restriction on investment or use of assets set forth herein or in the Prospectus is adhered to at the time a transaction is effected, later changes in percentage resulting from any cause other than actions by the Fund will not be considered a violation.
Management of the Fund
Board of Trustees
The management and affairs of the Fund are supervised by the Board of Trustees. The Board of Trustees consists of four individuals, three (3) of whom are not interested persons (as defined under the 1940 Act) of the Trust and the Adviser (Independent Trustees). The Trustees are fiduciaries for the Funds shareholders and are governed by the laws of the State of Delaware in this regard. The Board of Trustees establishes policies for the operation of the Fund and appoints the officers who conduct the daily business of the Fund.
Board Leadership Structure
The Trust is led by Mr. Michael Miola, who has served as the Chairman of the Board since 2011. Mr. Miola is an interested person by virtue of his indirect controlling interest in Northern Lights Distributors, LLC (the Trust's distributor. The Board of Trustees is comprised of Mr. Miola and three (3) Independent Trustees. The Independent Trustees have selected [_________________] as Lead Independent Trustee. Additionally, under certain 1940 Act governance guidelines that apply to the Trust, the Independent Trustees will meet in executive session, at least quarterly. Under the Trust's Agreement and Declaration of Trust and By-Laws, the Chairman of the Board is responsible for (a) presiding at board meetings, (b) calling special meetings on an as-needed basis, (c) execution and administration of Trust policies including (i) setting the agendas for board meetings and (ii) providing information to board members in advance of each board meeting and between board meetings. Generally, the Trust believes it best to have a non-executive Chairman of the Board, who together with the President (principal executive officer), are seen by our shareholders, business partners and other stakeholders as providing strong leadership. The Trust believes that its Chairman, the independent chair of the Audit Committee, the Independent Lead Trustee, and, as an entity, the full Board of Trustees, provide effective leadership that is in the best interests of the Trust, its Funds and each shareholder.
Board Risk Oversight
The Board of Trustees is comprised of Mr. Miola and three (3) Independent Trustees with a standing independent Audit Committee with a separate chair. The Board is responsible for overseeing risk management, and the full Board regularly engages in discussions of risk management and receives compliance reports that inform its oversight of risk management from its Chief Compliance Officer at quarterly meetings and on an ad hoc basis, when and if necessary. The Audit Committee considers financial and reporting risk within its area of responsibilities. Generally, the Board believes that its oversight of material risks is adequately maintained through the compliance-reporting chain where the Chief Compliance Officer is the primary recipient and communicator of such risk-related information.
Trustee Qualifications.
Generally, the Trust believes that each Trustee is competent to serve because of their individual overall merits including: (i) experience, (ii) qualifications, (iii) attributes and (iv) skills. Mr. Miola has over 20 years of business experience in the investment management and brokerage business, serves as a member of another mutual fund board outside of the Fund Complex and possesses a strong understanding of the regulatory framework under which investment companies must operate based on his years of service to this Board and another fund board. Charles Hobson Dry, a business consultant with over thirty years experience specializing in Native American Tribal business/economic and casino development and over fifty years engineering experience with NASA, received a Bachelor of Science degree from Murray State College and advanced degrees from UCLA, Los Angeles, and the University of Houston. [Insert Tony Lewis bio]. Mark H. Taylor, Ph.D., CPA, CFE, has over two decades of academic experience in the accounting and auditing areas, has a Doctor of Philosophy degree in Accounting, holds Certified Public Accountant and Certified Fraud Examiner designations, is Professor of Accountancy at the Weatherhead School of Management at Case Western Reserve University, serves as a member of another mutual fund board outside of the Fund Complex, currently serves on the AICPA Auditing Standards Board, and like the other Board members, also possesses a strong understanding of the regulatory framework under which investment companies must operate based on his years of service to this Board and another fund board. The Trust does not believe any one factor is determinative in assessing a Trustee's qualifications, but that the collective experience of each Trustee makes them each highly qualified.
The Board of Trustees has established four standing committees the Audit Committee, the Compensation Committee, the Nominating Committee and the Valuation Committee. All Independent Trustees are members of the Audit Committee and the Nominating Committee. Inclusion of all Independent Trustees as members of the Audit Committee and the Nominating Committee allows all such Trustees to participate in the full range of the Board of Trustees oversight duties, including oversight of risk management processes.
In accordance with the fund governance standards prescribed by the SEC under the 1940 Act, the Independent Trustees on the Nominating Committee select and nominate all candidates for Independent Trustee positions. Each Trustee was appointed to serve on the Board of Trustees because of his experience, qualifications, attributes and/or skills as set forth in the subsection Director Qualifications below. The Board of Trustees reviews its leadership structure regularly. The Board of Trustees believes that the structure described above facilitates the orderly and efficient flow of information to the Trustees from the officers of the Trust, the advisers of the funds that comprise the Trust and other service providers, and facilitates the effective evaluation of the risks and other issues, including conflicts of interest, that may impact the Trust as a whole as well as the funds individually. The Board of Trustees believes that the orderly and efficient flow of information and the ability of the Board of Trustees to bring each Trustees experience and skills to bear in overseeing the Trusts operations is important given the characteristics and circumstances of the Trust, including: the unaffiliated nature of each investment adviser and the fund(s) managed by such adviser; the number of funds that comprise the Trust; the variety of asset classes that those funds reflect; the net assets of the Trust; the committee structure of the Trust; and the independent distribution arrangements of each of the Trusts underlying funds. For these reasons, the Board of Trustees believes that its leadership structure is appropriate.
The Board of Trustees role is one of oversight rather than day-to-day management of any of the Trusts underlying funds. The Trusts Audit Committee assists with this oversight function. The Board of Trustees oversight extends to the Trusts risk management processes. Those processes are overseen by Trust officers, including the President, the Treasurer, the Secretary and Chief Compliance Officer (CCO), who regularly report to the Board of Trustees on a variety of matters at Board meetings.
Investment advisers managing the Trusts underlying funds report to the Board of Trustees, on a regular and as-needed basis, on actual and possible risks affecting the Trusts underlying funds. These investment advisers report to the Board of Trustees on various elements of risk, including investment, credit, liquidity, valuation, operational and compliance risks, as well as any overall business risks that could impact the Trusts underlying funds.
The Board of Trustees has appointed the CCO, who reports directly to the Board of Trustees and who participates in its regular meetings. In addition, the CCO presents an annual report to the Board of Trustees in accordance with the Trusts compliance policies and procedures. The CCO, together with the Trusts Treasurer and Secretary, regularly discusses risk issues affecting the Trust and its underlying funds during Board of Trustee meetings. The CCO also provides updates to the Board of Trustees on the operation of the Trusts compliance policies and procedures and on how these procedures are designed to mitigate risk. Finally, the CCO and/or other officers of the Trust report to the Board of Trustees in the event that any material risk issues arise in between Board meetings.
Trustees and Officers
The Trustees and the officers of the Trust are listed below with their addresses, present positions with the Trust and principal occupations over at least the last five years. Unless otherwise noted, the address of each Trustee and Officer is 4020 South 147 th Street, Suite 2, Omaha, Nebraska 68137.
Independent Trustees
Name, Address and Age |
Position/Term of Office* |
Principal Occupation During the Past Five Years |
Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex** Overseen by Trustee |
Other Directorships held by Trustee During the Past Five Years |
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Charles Hobson Dry Age: 72 |
Trustee Since May 2011 |
Founder and President, Government Procurement Solutions, LLC, a government consulting firm, Native Gaming Solutions, LLC, American Gateway, LLC, Native American Personnel Services, LLC, Oklahoma BioFuels, Inc. |
5 |
Board of Aviation at the University of Oklahoma. |
|
Tony Lewis |
Trustee Since May 2011 |
[ ] |
5 |
[ ] |
|
Mark H. Taylor Age: 46 |
Trustee Since May 2011 |
Professor, Department of Accountancy, Weatherhead School of Management, Case Western Reserve University (since 2009); John P. Begley Endowed Chair in Accounting, Creighton University (2002 2009); Member Auditing Standards Board, AICPA (since 2008). |
5 |
Ladenburg Thalmann Alternative Strategies Fund; Lifetime Achievement Mutual Fund (LFTAX) (Director and Audit Committee Chairman), Northern Lights Fund Trust and Northern Lights Variable Trust (73 portfolios) |
Interested Trustees and Officers
Name, Address and Age |
Position/Term of Office* |
Principal Occupation During the Past Five Years |
Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex ** Overseen by Trustee |
Other Directorships held by Trustee During the Past Five Years |
Michael Miola*** Age: 58 |
Trustee Since 2011 |
Co-Owner and Co-Managing Member of NorthStar Financial Services Group, LLC; Manager of Gemini Fund Services, LLC; Orion Advisor Services, LLC, CLS Investments, LLC, Gemcom, LLC and Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC (since 2003). |
5 |
AdvisorOne Funds (10 portfolios); Ladenburg Thalmann Alternative Strategies Fund ; Constellation Trust Co., Northern Lights Fund Trust and Northern Lights Variable Trust (73 portfolios), |
Andrew Rogers 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, NY 11788 Age: 41 |
President Since2011 |
President and Manager, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (since 2006), formerly Senior Vice President and Director of Administration (2001 - 2005); Formerly Manager, Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC (2006 2008); Manager (since 2006) and President (since 2004), GemCom LLC. |
N/A |
N/A |
Kevin E. Wolf 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, NY 11788 Age: 40 |
Treasurer Since 2011 |
Director of Fund Administration, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (since 2006); Vice President, Fund Administration, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (2004 - 2006); Vice-President, GemCom, LLC (since 2004); Senior Fund Administrator, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (2001-2004). |
N/A |
N/A |
Emile R. Molineaux 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, NY 11788 Age: 48 |
Chief Compliance Officer, Since 2011 |
General Counsel, CCO and Senior Vice President, Gemini Fund Services, LLC; Secretary and CCO, Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC; (since 2003); In-house Counsel, The Dreyfus Funds (1999 2003). |
N/A |
N/A |
James P. Ash 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, NY 11788 Age: 34 |
Secretary Since 2011 |
Director of Legal Administration, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (since 2009); Assistant Vice President of Legal Administration, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (2006 - 2008). |
N/A |
N/A |
James Colantino 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, NY 11788 Age: 40 |
Assistant Treasurer Since 2011 |
Vice President (2004 - Present); Senior Fund Administrator (1999-2004), Gemini Fund Services, LLC. |
N/A |
N/A |
Erik Naviloff 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, NY 11788 Age: 42 |
Assistant Treasurer Since 2011 |
Assistant Vice President, Gemini Fund Services, LLC, since 2007; Senior Accounting Manager, Fixed Income, Dreyfus Corporation, 2002 to 2007. |
N/A |
N/A |
Richard Gleason 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, NY 11788 Age: 33 |
Assistant Treasurer Since 2011 |
Manager of Fund Administration, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (since 2008); Senior Fund Administrator, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (2005-2008). |
N/A |
N/A |
Dawn Borelli 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, NY 11788 Age: 38 |
Assistant Treasurer Since 2011 |
Assistant Vice President, Fund Administration, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (since 2010), Assistant Vice President, Global Fund Administration, Legg Mason & Co. LLC (2003 2010). |
N/A |
N/A |
* The term of office for each Trustee and officer listed above will continue indefinitely.
** The term Fund Complex refers to the Northern Lights Fund Trust II.
*** Michael Miola is an interested person of the Trust as that term is defined under the 1940 Act, because of his affiliation with Gemini Fund Services, LLC, (the Trusts Administrator, Fund Accountant, Transfer Agent) and Northern Lights Distributors, LLC (the Funds Distributor).
Trustee Ownership of Fund Shares
As of December 31, 20 10, no Trustee or officer of the Trust beneficially owned shares of the Predecessor Fund or any series of the Trust.
Furthermore, neither the Trustees who are not interested persons of the Fund, nor members of their immediate family, own securities beneficially, or of record, in the Advisor, the Funds distributor or any of its affiliates. Accordingly, neither the Trustees who are not interested persons of the Fund nor members of their immediate family, have a direct or indirect interest, the value of which exceeds $120,000, in the Advisor, the Funds distributor or any of its affiliates.
Board Committees
Audit Committee . The Trust has an Audit Committee, which is comprised of the independent members of the Board of Trustees, [_____________________]. The Audit Committee reviews financial statements and other audit-related matters for the Fund. The Audit Committee also holds discussions with management and with the Funds independent auditor concerning the scope of the audit and the auditors independence and will meet at least annually.
Nominating Committee . The Trust has a Nominating Committee, which is comprised of the independent members of the Board of Trustees. The Nominating Committee is responsible for seeking and reviewing candidates for consideration as nominees for the position of trustee and meets only as necessary. The Nominating Committee generally will not consider shareholder nominees.
Valuation Committee . The Trust has a Valuation Committee. The Valuation Committee is responsible for the following: (1) monitoring the valuation of Fund securities and other investments; and (2) as required, when the Board of Trustees is not in session, determining the fair value of illiquid securities and other holdings after consideration of all relevant factors, which determinations are reported to the Board. The Valuation Committee is currently comprised of [____________________]. The Valuation Committee meets as necessary when a price for a portfolio security is not readily available.
Trustee Compensation
Because the Trust only recently commenced operations, none of the Trustees received a fee for the Predecessor Funds fiscal year ended February 28, 2011. However, f or their service as Trustees each Independent Trustee will receive [ $1,000 for each in-person Board meeting and $500 for each telephonic Board meeting of the Trust ], as well as reimbursement for expenses incurred in connection with attendance at board meetings. Interested Trustees do not receive any compensation for their service as Trustee.
Control Persons and Principal Shareholders
A principal shareholder is any person who owns of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund. A control person is one who owns beneficially or through controlled companies more than 25% of the voting securities of the Fund or acknowledges the existence of control. A controlling person possesses the ability to control the outcome of matters submitted for shareholder vote by the Fund. As of May 28, 2011 , the following shareholders were considered to be either a control person or principal shareholder of the : [to be updated by subsequent amendment]
Principal Shareholders and Control Persons of the Alternative Strategies Mutual Fund
Class A Shares
Name and Address |
% Ownership |
Type of Ownership |
Parent Company |
Jurisdiction |
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Class I Shares
Name and Address |
% Ownership |
Type of Ownership |
Parent Company |
Jurisdiction |
Investment Advisor
As stated in the Prospectus, investment advisory services are provided to the Fund by Ascentia Capital Partners, LLC, 5485 Kietzke Lane, Reno, NV 89511, pursuant to an Investment Advisory Agreement (the Advisory Agreement). Subject to such policies as the Board of Trustees may determine, the Advisor is ultimately responsible for investment decisions for the Fund and performing oversight of the Funds sub-advisors as described below. Pursuant to the terms of the Advisory Agreement, the Advisor provides the Fund with such investment advice and supervision as it deems necessary for the proper supervision of the Funds investments.
After an initial period of two years, the Advisory Agreement will continue in effect from year to year only if such continuance is specifically approved at least annually by the Board of Trustees or by vote of a majority of the Funds outstanding voting securities and by a majority of the trustees who are not parties to the Advisory Agreement or interested persons of any such party, at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on the Advisory Agreement. The Advisory Agreement is terminable without penalty by the Trust on behalf of the Fund upon 60 days written notice when authorized either by a majority vote of the applicable Funds shareholders or by a vote of a majority of the Board of Trustees, or by the Advisor upon 60 days written notice, and will automatically terminate in the event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act). The Advisory Agreement provides that the Advisor, under such agreement, shall not be liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss arising out of any investment or for any act or omission in the execution of portfolio transactions for the Fund, except for willful misfeasance, bad faith or negligence in the performance of its duties, or by reason of reckless disregard of its obligations and duties thereunder.
In consideration of the services provided by the Advisor pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, the Advisor is entitled to receive from the Fund an investment advisory fee of 1.95% per annum of the Funds average net assets computed daily and paid monthly. However, the Advisor may voluntarily agree to waive a portion of the fees payable to it on a month-to-month basis, including additional fees above and beyond any written agreement the Advisor may have to waive fees and/or reimburse Fund expenses.
For the fiscal period ended February 28, 2010 and February 28, 201 1, the Predecessor Fund paid the following advisory fees to the Advisor pursuant to an advisory agreement with the Predecessor Fund, of which the Advisor waived or recouped the amounts set forth in the table below:
Fiscal Period Ended |
Advisory Fee |
Recoupment (Waiver) |
Advisory Fee after Waiver |
February 28, 2011
February 28, 2010 |
$375,220 |
$(173,703) |
$201,517 |
Fund Expenses . The Fund is responsible for its own operating expenses. The Advisor has contractually agreed in writing to reduce the management fees payable to it by the Fund and/or to pay Fund operating expenses to the extent necessary to limit the Funds aggregate annual operating expenses (excluding interest and tax expenses and acquired fund fees and expenses) to the limits set forth in the Fees and Expense Table of the Prospectus. Any such reductions made by the Advisor in its management fees or payment of expenses which are the Funds obligation are subject to reimbursement by the Fund to the Advisor, if so requested by the Advisor, in subsequent fiscal years if the aggregate amount actually paid by the Fund toward the operating expenses for such fiscal year (taking into account the reimbursement) does not exceed the applicable limitation on Fund expenses. The Advisor is permitted to be reimbursed only for management fee reductions and expense payments made in the previous three fiscal years from the date the expense was incurred. Any such reimbursement is also contingent upon the Board of Trustees subsequent review and ratification of the reimbursed amounts. Such reimbursement may not be paid prior to the Funds payment of current ordinary operating expenses.
Sub-Advisors
As discussed in the prospectus, Research Affiliates, LLC (Research Affiliates), Sage Capital Management, LLC (Sage Capital), Dunham & Associates Investment Counsel, Inc. (DAIC), DuPont Capital Management Corporation (DCM) and Armored Wolf, LLC (Armored Wolf) are the sub-advisors to the Fund. It is the Advisors responsibility to select sub-advisors for the Fund that have distinguished themselves in their areas of expertise in asset management and to review each sub-advisors performance.
The Advisor provides investment management evaluation services by performing initial due diligence on each sub-advisor and thereafter monitoring the sub-advisors performance for compliance with the Funds investment objective and strategies, as well as adherence to its investment style. The Advisor also conducts performance evaluations through in-person, telephonic and written consultations. In evaluating the sub-advisors, the Advisor considers, among other factors: their level of expertise; relative performance and consistency of performance over a minimum period of time; level of adherence to investment discipline or philosophy; personnel, facilities and financial strength; and quality of service and client communications.
The Advisor has the responsibility for portfolio management, communicating performance expectations and evaluations to the sub-advisors and ultimately recommending to the Board of Trustees whether their sub-advisory agreements should be renewed, modified or terminated. The Advisor provides written reports to the Board of Trustees regarding the results of its evaluation and monitoring functions. T he SEC has granted, an exemptive order with respect to the Predecessor Fund, and which extends to other registered investment companies advised by the Adviser, including the Fund, that permits the Advisor, subject to certain conditions, to hire new sub-advisors or to continue the employment of existing sub-advisors after events that would otherwise cause an automatic termination of a sub-advisory agreement. Within 90 days of retaining a new sub-advisor, shareholders of the Fund will receive notification of the change. This arrangement has been approved by the Board of Trustees and the Funds initial shareholder.
The Advisor will pay the sub-advisors monthly an annual fee of the net assets of the Fund allocated to that sub-advisor by the Advisor which the Advisor will pay out of the advisory fee paid to the Advisor pursuant to the Advisory Agreement. The Fund is not responsible for the payment of the sub-advisory fees. The Advisor is also responsible for conducting all operations of the Fund, except those operations contracted to the sub-advisors, the Custodian, the transfer agent or the administrator. Although the sub-advisors activities are subject to oversight by the Board of Trustees and the officers of the Trust, neither the Board of Trustees, the officers nor the Advisor evaluate the investment merits of the sub-advisors individual security selections. The sub-advisors may have complete discretion to purchase, manage and sell portfolio securities for the portions of the Funds portfolio that they manage, subject to the Funds investment objective, policies and limitations, and the oversight of the Funds portfolio manager.
Armored Wolf, LLC
The Advisor has entered into a sub-advisory agreement with Armored Wolf, LLC (Armored Wolf) to manage a portion of the Funds assets using the Funds global macro strategies. Armored Wolf is located at 65 Enterprise, Aliso Viejo, California 92656, and is a registered investment adviser. Armored Wolf is controlled by Mr. John Brynjolfsson, the firms chief investment officer. Armored Wolf, which was established in 2008, offers investment advisory services and global perspective to investors. As of March 31, 2011 , Armored Wolf had approximately [ $ ] million in assets under management.
DuPont Capital Management Corporation
The Advisor has entered into a sub-advisory agreement with DuPont Capital Management Corporation (DCM) to manage a portion of the Funds assets using the Funds international/emerging markets strategies. DCM is located at Delaware Corporate Center, One Righter Parkway, Suite 3200, Wilmington, Delaware 19803. DCM is a wholly owned subsidiary of the E.I. DuPont de Nemours Company, and is an independent registered investment advisor with a broadly diversified product offering. DCM, which was established in 1975 and became a SEC registered investment adviser in 1993, offers investment advisory services and global perspective to institutional investors. As of March 31, 2011 , DCM had over [ $ ] billion in assets under management.
Sage Capital Management
The Advisor has entered into a sub-advisory agreement with Sage Capital to manage a portion of the Funds assets using the Funds convertible arbitrage strategy. Sage Capital is located at 665 South Orange Avenue, Suite 3, Sarasota, FL 34236, and is a registered investment advisor. Sage Capital manages a variety of domestic limited partnership funds that are open to both individual and institutional investors and a number of separately managed accounts. Sage Capital was founded in 1988 for the purpose of investing client capital in convertible securities, both on a strategic directional and arbitrage basis. Sage Capital is controlled by Mr. Peter deLisser, the firms Chief Executive Officer, and Ms. Karen Heston, the firms Vice President. As of March 31, 2011 , Sage Capital manages over [ $ ] million in assets.
Dunham & Associates Investment Counsel, Inc.
The Advisor has entered into a sub-advisory agreement with Dunham & Associates Investment Counsel, Inc. (DAIC) to manage a portion of the Funds assets using the Funds international/emerging markets strategies. DAIC is located at 10251 Vista Sorrento Parkway, Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92121, and is a registered investment advisor. DAIC is also a registered broker-dealer under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. DAIC is wholly owned by Dunham & Associates Holdings, Inc. (Dunham Holdings). Jeffrey Dunham owns a controlling 95% interest in Dunham Holdings which represents 100% of the voting shares of Dunham Holdings. DAIC, which was founded in 1985, offers investment advisory services to pension plans, pooled investment vehicles, high-net worth individuals and mutual funds. As of March 31, 2011 , DAIC managed over [ $ ] million in individual separate accounts assets and in DAIC sponsored mutual funds.
Research Affiliates
Research Affiliates, LLC served as a sub-advisor to the Predecessor Fund, but will serve solely as a signal provider to the Funds advisor going forward.
Portfolio Managers
The following section provides information regarding each Portfolio Managers other accounts managed, compensation, material conflicts of interests, and any ownership of securities in the Fund. The Portfolio Managers are shown together in this section only for ease in presenting the information and should not be viewed for purposes of comparing the Portfolio Managers or their firms against one another. Each firm is a separate entity that may employ different compensation structures, and may have different management requirements, and each Portfolio Manager may be affected by different conflicts of interest.
Ascentia Capital Partners, LLC
James P. Calhoun and James OShaughnessy Houssels are members of the Investment Committee that is responsible for the day-to-day management of the segment of the Funds portfolio managed by the Advisor, as well as to provide oversight of the Funds portfolio managed by the sub-advisors. Mr. Lowden is the primarily portfolio manager of the Fund.
James P. Calhoun joined the Advisor in 2008. He has over 6 years of experience in investment management as well as extensive experience in the quantitative, fundamental and technical aspects of the securities markets with a specific emphasis on alternative portfolio management. He is a member of the Investment Committee and participates in the development and communication of the firms investment strategy, as well as client asset allocations and investment recommendations. Mr. Calhoun has a Bachelor of Science Degree in Business Administration with majors in Finance and Economics from the University of Nevada, Reno. His degree emphasized Derivatives and Risk Management, International Finance and Foreign Exchange, Portfolio Management and Optimization, Corporate Valuation and Forecasting, Alternative Investment Strategies, Econometrics, Macro Economics, Micro Economics, and Statistics. Prior to joining the Advisor Mr. Calhoun worked with GMH Capital Partners managing real-estate investments from 2004 to 2007, and Equitas Capital from 2003 to 2004. Mr. Calhoun is a CFA Level II candidate.
James OShaughnessy Houssels is a portfolio manager of the Advisor since June 2009 and is also a Managing Member and registered investment adviser representative of Wealth Management Associates, LLC (since 2002) which serves as the backbone of his family office and is the sole investment advisor to the Houssels Family Limited Partnership. Mr. Houssels has a Bachelors Degree from the University of Nevada, Las Vegas.
Armored Wolf, LLC
John Brynjolfsson is the Portfolio Manager and responsible for the day-to-day management of the segment of the Funds assets managed by Armored Wolf. Mr. Brynjolfsson founded Armored Wolf in 2008, acts as Chief Investment Officer and Managing Director, and is a member of the firms Management and Investment Committees. As Chief Investment Officer, he is responsible for overseeing all investment activity at Armored Wolf. Mr. Brynjolfsson has over 20 years of investment experience and a background in risk management. From 2003-2008, Mr. Brynjolfsson was the Managing Director at Pacific Investment Management Company, LLC (PIMCO), a registered investment adviser, where he launched and grew PIMCOs Real Return platform to approximately $80 billion before his departure in 2008. In this role, Mr. Brynjolfsson ran PIMCO ’ s 2nd, 3rd, and 4th largest public funds which included the world ’ s largest commodities fund and two large inflation ‐ linked bond funds. Mr. Brynjolfsson is regarded as one of the world ’ s foremost authorities on inflation linked investing, having written several books on the topic and worked with the US Treasury to design the TIPS market in 1996.
DuPont Capital Management Corporation
Rafi U. Zaman, CFA, is the Portfolio Manager and is primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the segment of the Funds assets managed by DCM. Mr. Zaman, Managing Director of Global Equities, directs and co-manages all equity groups, and joined DCM in 1998. Mr. Zaman holds a B.S. Degree with honors in Mechanical Engineering from the REC Kurukshetra in India, an M.S. Degree in Industrial Engineering from Stanford University and is a CFA charterholder.
Sage Capital Management, LLC
Peter deLisser, Karen Heston and Michael C. Ippolito, CFA are the co-Portfolio Managers primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the segment of the Funds assets managed by Sage Capital. Mr. deLisser founded Sage Capital in 1988 and is the President and Senior Partner of the firm. Ms. Heston is the Chief Investment Officer for Sage Capital and has been with the firm since 1993. Mr. Ippolito serves as a Portfolio Manager and Senior Research Analyst for Sage Capital, and joined the firm in July of 1999.
Dunham & Associates Investment Counsel, Inc.
David Holmes is the Portfolio Manager primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the segment of the Funds assets managed by DAIC. Mr. Holmes is Chief Investment Officer, and has been registered with DAIC since February 25, 2009. Prior to joining DAIC, Mr. Holmes served as President and Chief Investment Officer of Adagio Capital Management, LLC (Adagio) and Adagio Trust Company from 2000 to February 2009. While at Adagio, Mr. Holmes served as the Funds principal portfolio manager. Mr. Holmes was a Vice President/Portfolio Manager for the Whittier Trust Company, an independent investment management company, from 1995 to 2000.
Other Accounts Managed by the Portfolio Managers
The table below identifies, for each Portfolio Manager of the Fund, the number of accounts managed (excluding the Fund) and the total assets in such accounts, within each of the following categories: registered investment companies, other pooled investment vehicles, and other accounts. To the extent that the advisory fees for any of these accounts are based on account performance, this information is reflected in separate tables below. Asset amounts are approximate as of the date of this SAI, and have been rounded. [table to be updated by subsequent amendment]
The following table reflects information regarding accounts for which a Portfolio Manager has day-to-day management responsibilities and with respect to which the advisory fee is based on account performance. The Funds Portfolio Managers not listed below reported that they do not provide day-to-day management of accounts with performance-based advisory fees. Asset amounts are approximate as of the date of this SAI, and have been rounded. [to be updated by subsequent amendment]
Material Conflicts of Interest
Actual or apparent material conflicts of interest may arise when a Portfolio Manager has day-to-day management responsibilities with respect to more than one investment account or in other circumstances. Portfolio Managers who manage other investment accounts in addition to the Fund may be presented with the potential conflicts described below.
Ascentia Capital Partners, LLC
The Advisor offers separately managed accounts in addition to the Fund. Some of these offerings include portfolios of investments substantially identical to the Fund, which could create certain conflicts of interest. As the Fund and any separate accounts managed similarly to the Fund will be managed concurrently, all portfolio transactions will be implemented according to the Advisors trade allocation procedures. These procedures, among other things, ensure that all trades allocated to advisory clients (including the Fund) fulfill the Advisors fiduciary duty to each client and otherwise allocate securities on a basis that is fair and nondiscriminatory. Such procedures are generally applied in numerous instances, including, among other things, block and bunched trades, cross transactions and private placements. In determining a fair allocation, the Advisor takes into account a number of factors, including among other things, the Advisors fiduciary duty to each client, any potential conflicts of interest, the size of the transaction, the relative size of a clients portfolio, cash available for investment, suitability as well as each clients investment objectives.
Armored Wolf, LLC
Although Armored Wolf manages other accounts that may have similar investment objectives or strategies to that of the Fund for which it provides portfolio management services, Armored Wolf believes that no material conflicts currently exist.
DuPont Capital Management Corporation
Although DCM manages other accounts that may have similar investment objectives or strategies to that of the Fund for which it provides portfolio management services, DCM believes that no material conflicts currently exist.
Sage Capital Management, LLC
Sage Capital may manage and invest in other accounts, some with investment strategies similar to the Fund. Trades are allocated on a pro-rata basis to all similarly managed investment vehicles based on account size and cash availability.
Dunham & Associates Investment Counsel, Inc.
DAIC may manage direct client accounts with investment strategies similar to that of the Fund. Currently, DAIC, and its affiliates, manage approximately [ $ ] in separate account assets of which 15% approximately is allocated in the same International ADR strategy as employed by the Fund. It is the policy of DAIC and the portfolio managers that no account or client is advantaged over any other client account in trading of securities.
To help prevent conflicts of interest, as well as the appearance of conflicts of interest, employees and registered personnel of Dunham, must abide by DAICs Code of Ethics (the DAIC Code). The DAIC Code imposes restrictions on the purchase or sale by access persons of securities for their own accounts and accounts in which he/she has a beneficial interest. Subject to the DAIC Code, certain employees of Dunham may recommend to clients the discretionary purchase or sale of securities in which Dunhams employees may have a beneficial interest. The DAIC Code includes preclearance of personal trades, blackout restrictions, and reporting requirements under Rule 17j-1 of the 1940 Act. In addition, the DAIC Code limits employees ability to invest in Initial Public Offerings and Private Placements by requiring the preapproval of DAICs Chief Compliance Officer. In addition, all Dunham access persons must certify annually to the DAIC Code and Dunhams policy on insider trading.
Portfolio Managers Compensation
The following section describes the structure of, and the methods used to determine the different types of compensation (e.g., salary, bonus, deferred compensation, and retirement plans and arrangements) for each of the Funds Portfolio Managers.
Ascentia Capital Partners, LLC
The Portfolio Managers compensation is a fixed salary that is set by reference to industry standards. Bonuses paid to the Portfolio Managers are based on the profitability of the Advisor and the Portfolio Managers equity ownership in the Advisor.
Armored Wolf, LLC
Armored Wolfs portfolio manager compensation structure has three primary components depending on the position of the employee: (1) a base salary; (2) a discretionary annual cash bonus based on performance; and (3) a profit participation based on over all assets of the firm and their performance.
DuPont Capital Management Corporation
DCMs compensation package for its portfolio managers is comprised of: (1) base salaries in line with the salaries of other large investment management firms; (2) variable, performance-based cash compensation that can be a high multiple of base salary; and (3) long-term compensation. Compensation is paid based on overall performance, individual efforts and support of overall firm initiatives. On a semiannual basis, a performance review is held between professionals and managers to continually measure performance against a set of identified objectives. DCM offers a very competitive Saving Investment Plan with matching grants.
On January 1, 2006, DCM implemented a long-term compensation plan based on the growth of DCM profits and assets under management. This plan was put in place in order to attract and retain investment talent at DCM and is directly tied to the growth of DCMs external business. This long term incentive compensation plan is competitive with plans of other asset management firms.
Sage Capital Management, LLC
As a member of the firm, which is a Florida limited liability company, each Portfolio Manager receives compensation in the form of a percentage of all management and incentive fees collected on an ongoing basis.
Dunham & Associates Investment Counsel, Inc.
DAICs compensation package for its portfolio managers is comprised of a base salary and eligibility to participate in the companys discretionary bonus plan. The bonus is based upon the overall profitability of the company through its various products.
In addition to the base salary and potential bonus compensation, DAIC has a number of benefits and deferred compensation programs for all of its employees, including the portfolio managers. The portfolio managers have no benefits or deferred compensation that is tied to their performance as the Funds portfolio managers.
Portfolio Managers Ownership of the Funds
As of February 28, 2011 , Mr. Lowden of the Advisor beneficially owned between [ $10,001 - $50,000 ] of equity securities in the Predecessor Fund. As of February 28, 2011 , Mr. Houssels of the Advisor beneficially owned [ over $1,000,000 ] of equity securities in the Predecessor Fund. As of February 28, 2011 , none of the sub-advisors Portfolio Managers owned any securities in the Predecessor Fund.
Administration Service Providers
P ursuant to a Fund Services Agreement (the Administration Service Agreement), Gemini Fund Services, LLC (GFS), 450 Wireless Blvd, Hauppauge, New York 11788 (the Administrator), acts as administrator for the Fund, subject to the supervision of the Board. GFS is primarily in the business of providing administrative, fund accounting and transfer agent services to retail and institutional mutual funds. GFS is an affiliate of the Distributor. GFS may provide persons to serve as officers of the Fund. Such officers may be directors, officers or employees of GFS or its affiliates.
The Administration Service Agreement was initially approved by the Board at a meeting held on May 17, 2011. The Agreement shall remain in effect for three years from the date of its initial approval, and subject to annual approval of the Board for one-year periods thereafter. The Administration Service Agreement is terminable by the Board or GFS on ninety days written notice and may be assigned provided the non-assigning party provides prior written consent. This Agreement provides that in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on the part of GFS or reckless disregard of its obligations thereunder, GFS shall not be liable for any action or failure to act in accordance with its duties thereunder.
Under the Administration Service Agreement, GFS provides facilitating administrative services, including: (i) providing services of persons competent to perform such administrative and clerical functions as are necessary to provide effective administration of the Fund; (ii) facilitating the performance of administrative and professional services to the Fund by others, including the Fund's Custodian; (iii) preparing, but not paying for, the periodic updating of the Fund's Registration Statement, Prospectuses and Statement of Additional Information in conjunction with Fund counsel, including the printing of such documents for the purpose of filings with the SEC and state securities administrators, and preparing reports to the Fund's shareholders and the SEC; (iv) preparing in conjunction with Fund counsel, but not paying for, all filings under the securities or Blue Sky laws of such states or countries as are designated by the Distributor, which may be required to register or qualify, or continue the registration or qualification, of the Fund and/or its shares under such laws; (v) preparing notices and agendas for meetings of the Board and minutes of such meetings in all matters required by the 1940 Act to be acted upon by the Board; and (vi) monitoring daily and periodic compliance with respect to all requirements and restrictions of the 1940 Act, the Internal Revenue Code and the Prospectus.
For the services rendered to the Fund, during its first year of operations, by GFS, the Fund pays GFS a fund administration fee equal to the greater of [insert fee structure ]. The Fund also pays GFS for any out-of-pocket expenses.
Prior to [_____, 2011] U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC, (the Former Administrator), 615 East Michigan Street, Milwaukee, WI 53202, served as administrator to the Predecessor Fund. During the fiscal year ended February 28, 2011 and the fiscal period ended February 28, 2010, the Former Administrator received the following fees from the Predecessor Fund:
Administrator Fees Received |
|
2011 |
2010 |
|
$38,387 |
Fund Accounting
GFS, pursuant to the Fund Accounting Service Agreement, provides the Fund with accounting services, including: (i) daily computation of net asset value; (ii) maintenance of security ledgers and books and records as required by the 1940 Act; (iii) production of the Fund's listing of portfolio securities and general ledger reports; (iv) reconciliation of accounting records; (v) calculation of yield and total return for the Fund; (vi) maintaining certain books and records described in Rule 31a-1 under the 1940 Act, and reconciling account information and balances among the Fund's custodian or Advisor; and (vii) monitoring and evaluating daily income and expense accruals, and sales and redemptions of shares of the Fund.
For the services rendered to the Fund by the Fund Accounting Service Agreement, the Fund pays the Fund Accountant, during its first year of operations, an annual fee of [insert fee structure]. Discounts are based on service fee minimums only. The Fund also pays GFS for any out-of-pocket expenses.
Transfer Agent
GFS, 4020 South 147th Street, Suite 2, Omaha, NE 68137, acts as transfer, dividend disbursing, and shareholder servicing agent for the Fund pursuant to a written agreement with the Fund. Under the agreement, GFS is responsible for administering and performing transfer agent functions, dividend distribution, shareholder administration, and maintaining necessary records in accordance with applicable rules and regulations. For the services rendered to the Fund, during its first year of operations, [insert fee structure]. The Fund will pay the Transfer Agent for any out-of-pocket expenses.
Custodian
[Union Bank, National Association, (the Custodian), 350 California Street 6 th Floor, San Francisco, California 94104] serves as the custodian of the Fund's assets pursuant to a Custody Agreement by and between the Custodian and the Trust on behalf of the Fund. The Custodians responsibilities include safeguarding and controlling the Fund's cash and securities, handling the receipt and delivery of securities, and collecting interest and dividends on the Fund's investments. Pursuant to the Custody Agreement, the Custodian also maintains original entry documents and books of record and general ledgers; posts cash receipts and disbursements; and records purchases and sales based upon communications from the Advisor. The Fund may employ foreign sub-custodians that are approved by the Board to hold foreign assets.
Prior to [______, 2011, ] U.S. Bank N.A., 1555 North River Center Drive, Suite 302, Milwaukee, WI 53212, an affiliate of U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC, served as custodian of the assets of the Predecessor Fund.
Compliance Services
Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC (NLCS), 4020 South 147 th Street, Omaha, NE 68137, an affiliate of GFS and the Distributor, provides a Chief Compliance Officer to the Trust as well as related compliance services pursuant to a consulting agreement between NLCS and the Trust. The Fund pays a compliance service fee to NLCS.
Legal Counsel
Alston & Bird, LLP, 950 F. Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20004 serves as counsel to the Fund.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
[ Deloitte & Touche LLP, 555 East Wells Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202 ], serves as the independent registered public accounting firm of the Fund.
Distribution of Fund Shares
The Trust has entered into a Distribution Agreement (the Distribution Agreement) with Northern Lights Distributors, LLC (the Distributor), 4020 South 147 th Street, Omaha, NE 68137, pursuant to which the Distributor acts as the Funds principal underwriter, provides certain administration services and promotes and arranges for the sale of the Funds shares. The offering of the Funds shares is continuous. The Distributor is a registered broker-dealer and member of FINRA.
The Distribution Agreement has an initial term of two years and will continue in effect only if such continuance is specifically approved at least annually by the Board of Trustees or by vote of a majority of the Funds outstanding voting securities and, in either case, by a majority of the trustees who are not parties to the Distribution Agreement or interested persons (as defined in the 1940 Act) of any such party. The Distribution Agreement is terminable without penalty by the Trust on behalf of the Fund on 60 days written notice when authorized either by a majority vote of the Funds shareholders or by vote of a majority of the Board of Trustees, including a majority of the trustees who are not interested persons (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Trust, or by the Distributor on 60 days written notice, and will automatically terminate in the event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act).
Prior to May 17, 2011, Quasar Distributors, LLC served as distributor to the Predecessor Fund. During the fiscal year ended February 28, 2011 , the Predecessor Fund paid Quasar Distributors, LLC an aggregate amount of underwriting commissions of [ $ ], none of which were retained by the principal underwriter.
12b-1 Distribution Plan
As noted in the Prospectus, the Trust has adopted a Distribution Plan and Agreement pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act for the Funds Class A, and Class I shares (the "Plan") pursuant to which both classes of shares of the Fund are authorized to pay fees to the Distributor for providing distribution and/or shareholder services to the Fund. Under the Plan, Class A, and Class I shares of the Fund may pay an account maintenance fee for account maintenance services and/or distribution fee at an annual rate of up to [0.25% and 1.00%], respectively of the average net assets for each of its of Class A, and Class I shares as compensation for the Distributor providing account maintenance and distribution services to shareholders. Such fees are to be paid by the Fund monthly, or at such other intervals, as the Board shall determine. Such fees shall be based upon each share class's average daily net assets during the preceding month, and shall be calculated and accrued daily. The Fund may pay fees to the Distributor at a lesser rate, as agreed upon by the Board of the Trust and the Distributor. The Plan authorizes payments to the Distributor as compensation for providing account maintenance services to Fund shareholders, including arranging for certain securities dealers or brokers, administrators and others (Recipients) to provide these services and paying compensation for these services.
The services to be provided by Recipients may include, but are not limited to, the following: assistance in the offering and sale of Fund shares and in other aspects of the marketing of the shares to clients or prospective clients of the respective recipients; answering routine inquiries concerning the Fund; assisting in the establishment and maintenance of accounts or sub-accounts in the Fund and in processing purchase and redemption transactions; making the Funds investment plan and shareholder services available; and providing such other information and services to investors in shares of the Fund as the Distributor or the Trust, on behalf of the Fund, may reasonably request. The distribution services shall also include any advertising and marketing services provided by or arranged by the Distributor with respect to the Fund. The Advisor may be compensated by the Distributor for its distribution and marketing efforts.
The Distributor is required to provide a written report, at least quarterly to the Board of the Trust, specifying in reasonable detail the amounts expended pursuant to the Rule 12b-1 Plan and the purposes for which such expenditures were made. Further, the Distributor will inform the Board of any Rule 12b-1 fees to be paid by the Distributor to Recipients.
The initial term of the Rule 12b-1 Plan is one year and will continue in effect from year to year thereafter, provided such continuance is specifically approved at least annually by a majority of the Board of the Trust and a majority of the Trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust and do not have a direct or indirect financial interest in the Rule 12b-1 Plan (Rule 12b-1 Trustees) by votes cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on the Rule 12b-1 Plan. The Rule 12b-1 Plan may be terminated at any time by the Trust or the Fund by vote of a majority of the Rule 12b-1 Trustees or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting shares of the Fund.
The Rule 12b-1 Plan may not be amended to increase materially the amount of the Distributors compensation to be paid by the Fund, unless such amendment is approved by the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the affected class of the Fund (as defined in the 1940 Act). All material amendments must be approved by a majority of the Board of the Trust and a majority of the Rule 12b-1 Trustees by votes cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on a Rule 12b-1 Plan. During the term of a Rule 12b-1 Plan, the selection and nomination of non-interested Trustees of the Trust will be committed to the discretion of current non-interested Trustees. The Distributor will preserve copies of the Rule 12b-1 Plan, any related agreements, and all reports, for a period of not less than six years from the date of such document and for at least the first two years in an easily accessible place.
Any agreement related to a Rule 12b-1 Plan will be in writing and provide that: (a) it may be terminated by the Trust or the applicable Fund at any time upon sixty days written notice, without the payment of any penalty, by vote of a majority of the respective Rule 12b-1 Trustees, or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust or Fund; (b) it will automatically terminate in the event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act); and (c) it will continue in effect for a period of more than one year from the date of its execution or adoption only so long as such continuance is specifically approved at least annually by a majority of the Board and a majority of the Rule 12b-1 Trustees by votes cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such agreement.
To the extent these asset-based fees and other payments made under the Distribution Plan to these financial intermediaries for the distribution services they provide to the Funds shareholders exceed the Distribution Fees available, these payments are made by the Advisor from its own resources, which may include its profits from the advisory fee it receives from the Fund. In addition, the Fund may participate in various fund supermarkets in which a mutual fund supermarket sponsor (usually a broker-dealer) offers many mutual funds to the sponsors customers without charging the customers a sales charge. In connection with its participation in such platforms, the Advisor may use all or a portion of the Distribution Fee to pay one or more supermarket sponsors a negotiated fee for distributing the Funds shares. In addition, in its discretion, the Advisor may pay additional fees to such intermediaries from its own assets. During the fiscal year ended February 28, 2011 , the Predecessor Fund paid Rule 12b-1 fees of [ $ ].
Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage
Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, the Advisor, together with the sub-advisors, determines which securities are to be purchased and sold by the Fund and which broker-dealers are eligible to execute the Funds portfolio transactions. Purchases and sales of securities in the OTC market will generally be executed directly with a market-maker unless, in the opinion of the Advisor and the sub-advisors, a better price and execution can otherwise be obtained by using a broker for the transaction.
Purchases of portfolio securities for the Fund will be effected through broker-dealers (including banks) that specialize in the types of securities that the Fund will be holding, unless better executions are available elsewhere. Dealers usually act as principal for their own accounts. Purchases from dealers will include a spread between the bid and the asked price. If the execution and price offered by more than one dealer are comparable, the order may be allocated to a dealer that has provided research or other services as discussed below.
In placing portfolio transactions, the Advisor and sub-advisors will use reasonable efforts to choose broker-dealers capable of providing the services necessary to obtain the most favorable price and execution available. The full range and quality of services available will be considered in making these determinations, such as the size of the order, the difficulty of execution, the operational facilities of the firm involved, the firms risk in positioning a block of securities and other factors. In those instances where it is reasonably determined that more than one broker-dealer can offer the services needed to obtain the most favorable price and execution available, consideration may be given to those broker-dealers that furnish or supply research and statistical information to the Advisor and sub-advisors that they may lawfully and appropriately use in their investment advisory capacities, as well as provide other brokerage services in addition to execution services. The Advisor considers such information, which is in addition to and not in lieu of the services required to be performed by it under its Advisory Agreement with the Fund, to be useful in varying degrees, but of indeterminable value.
While it is the Funds general policy to first seek to obtain the most favorable price and execution available in selecting a broker-dealer to execute portfolio transactions for the Fund, weight is also given to the ability of a broker-dealer to furnish brokerage and research services to the Fund or to the Advisor and sub-advisors, even if the specific services are not directly useful to the Fund and may be useful to the Advisor and sub-advisors in advising other clients. In negotiating commissions with a broker or evaluating the spread to be paid to a dealer, the Fund may therefore pay a higher commission or spread than would be the case if no weight were given to the furnishing of these supplemental services, provided that the amount of such commission or spread has been determined in good faith by the Advisor to be reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and/or research services provided by such broker-dealer. The standard of reasonableness is to be measured in light of the Advisors overall responsibilities to the Fund.
Investment decisions for the Fund may or may not be made independently from those of other client accounts of the Advisor and sub-advisors. In certain instances, investment decisions will be made similar to other accounts managed. In the case where the Fund uses similar strategies, applicable procedures will be taken to ensure trading allocations will be handled fairly and abide by all appropriate rules and regulations. Nevertheless, it is possible that at times identical securities will be acceptable for both the Fund and one or more of such client accounts. In such event, the position of the Fund and such client account(s) in the same issuer may vary and the length of time that each may choose to hold its investment in the same issuer may likewise vary. However, to the extent any of these client accounts seek to acquire the same security as the Fund at the same time, the Fund may not be able to acquire as large a portion of such security as it desires, or it may have to pay a higher price or obtain a lower yield for such security. Similarly, the Fund may not be able to obtain as high a price for, or as large an execution of, an order to sell any particular security at the same time. If one or more of such client accounts simultaneously purchases or sells the same security that the Fund is purchasing or selling, each days transactions in such security will be allocated between the Fund and all such client accounts in a manner deemed equitable by the Advisor, taking into account the respective sizes of the accounts and the amount being purchased or sold. It is recognized that in some cases this system could have a detrimental effect on the price or value of the security insofar as the Fund is concerned. In other cases, however, it is believed that the ability of the Fund to participate in volume transactions may produce better executions for the Fund. Notwithstanding the above, the Advisor and sub-advisors may execute buy and sell orders for accounts and take action in performance of their duties with respect to any of their accounts that may differ from actions taken with respect to another account, so long as the Advisor and sub-advisors shall, to the extent practical, allocate investment opportunities to accounts, including the Fund, over a period of time on a fair and equitable basis and in accordance with applicable law.
The Fund is required to identify any securities of its regular brokers or dealers that the Fund has acquired during its most recent fiscal year. The Fund is also required to identify any brokerage transactions during its most recent fiscal year that were directed to a broker because of research services provided, along with the amount of any such transactions and any related commissions paid by the Fund. The Predecessor Fund did not acquire any securities of its regular brokers or dealers during the fiscal year ended February 28, 2011 .
The following table shows the Predecessor Funds total commissions and transactions paid for research services for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2011 :
Commissions |
Transactions |
[ $ ] |
[ $ ] |
For the fiscal period ended February 28, 2011 , the Predecessor Fund paid [ $ ] in brokerage commissions.
Portfolio Turnover
Although the Fund generally will not invest for short-term trading purposes, portfolio securities may be sold without regard to the length of time they have been held when, in the opinion of the Advisor and the sub-advisors, investment considerations warrant such action. Portfolio turnover rate is calculated by dividing (i) the lesser of purchases or sales of portfolio securities for the fiscal year by (ii) the monthly average of the value of portfolio securities owned during the fiscal year. A 100% turnover rate would occur if all the securities in the Funds portfolio, with the exception of securities whose maturities at the time of acquisition were one year or less, were sold and either repurchased or replaced within one year. A high rate of portfolio turnover (100% or more) generally leads to above-average transaction costs, could generate capital gains that must be distributed to shareholders as short-term capital gains taxed at ordinary income tax rates (currently as high as 35%) and could increase brokerage commission costs. To the extent that the Fund experiences an increase in brokerage commissions due to a higher portfolio turnover rate, the performance of the Fund could be negatively impacted by the increased expenses incurred by the Fund and may result in a greater number of taxable transactions. The Predecessor Funds portfolio turnover rate for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2011 and the fiscal period ended February 28, 20 10 was [%] and 438.22%, respectively.
Code of Ethics
The Fund, the Advisor, sub-advisors, and the Distributor have each adopted Codes of Ethics under Rule 17j-1 of the 1940 Act. These Codes permit, subject to certain conditions, personnel of the Advisor, sub-advisors and Distributor to invest in securities that may be purchased or held by the Fund.
Proxy Voting Procedures
The Board of Trustees has adopted proxy voting policies and procedures (Proxy Policies) wherein the Trust has delegated to the Advisor the responsibility for voting proxies relating to portfolio securities held by the Fund as part of its investment advisory services, subject to the supervision and oversight of the Board of Trustees. The Proxy Voting Policies of the Advisor are discussed below. Notwithstanding this delegation of responsibilities, however, the Fund retains the right to vote proxies relating to its portfolio securities. The fundamental purpose of the Proxy Policies is to ensure that each vote will be in a manner that reflects the best interest of the Fund and its shareholders, taking into account the value of the Funds investments.
Policies of the Advisor
It is the Advisors policy to vote proxies received by the Fund in a timely manner. Upon receiving each proxy, the Advisor will review the issues presented and make a decision to vote for, against or abstain on each of the issues presented in accordance with the proxy voting guidelines that it has adopted. The Advisor will consider information from a variety of sources in evaluating the issues presented in a proxy. The Advisor generally supports policies, plans and structures that it believes gives quality management teams appropriate latitude to run the business in a way that is likely to maximize value for owners. Conversely, the Advisor generally opposes proposals that clearly have the effect of restricting the ability of shareholders to realize the full potential value of their investment.
The Advisors duty is to vote in the best interests of the Funds shareholders. Therefore, in situations where there is a conflict of interest between the interests of the Advisor and the interests of the Fund, the Advisor will take one of the following steps to resolve the conflict:
1.
vote the securities based on a pre-determined voting policy if the application of the policy to the matter presented involves little discretion on the part of the Advisor;
2.
disclose the conflict to the Independent Trustees and obtain their direction on how to vote the proxy; or
3.
vote the securities in accordance with a pre-determined policy based upon the recommendations of an independent third party, such as a proxy voting service.
In the event of a conflict between the interests of the Advisor and the Fund, the Advisors policies provide that the conflict may be disclosed to the Board of Trustees or its delegate, who shall provide direction on how to vote the proxy. The Board of Trustees has delegated this authority to the Independent Trustees, and the proxy voting direction in such a case shall be determined by a majority of the Independent Trustees.
More Information . The actual voting records relating to portfolio securities during the 12-month period ended June 30th will be available without charge, upon request, by calling toll-free, 1-800-SEC-0330 or by accessing the SECs website at www.sec.gov.
Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Program
The Trust has established an Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Program (the "Program") as required by the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 ("USA PATRIOT Act"). To ensure compliance with this law, the Trust's Program provides for the development of internal practices, procedures and controls, designation of anti-money laundering compliance officers, an ongoing training program and an independent audit function to determine the effectiveness of the Program. The Trust's secretary serves as its Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Officer.
Procedures to implement the Program include, but are not limited to, determining that the Fund's Distributor and Transfer Agent have established proper anti-money laundering procedures, reporting suspicious and/or fraudulent activity and a providing a complete and thorough review of all new opening account applications. The Trust will not transact business with any person or entity whose identity cannot be adequately verified under the provisions of the USA PATRIOT Act.
As a result of the Program, the Trust may be required to "freeze" the account of a shareholder if the shareholder appears to be involved in suspicious activity or if certain account information matches information on government lists of known terrorists or other suspicious persons, or the Trust may be required to transfer the account or proceeds of the account to a governmental agency.
Portfolio Holdings Information
The Trust has adopted policies and procedures that govern the disclosure of the Fund's portfolio holdings. These policies and procedures are designed to ensure that such disclosure is in the best interests of Fund shareholders.
It is the Trust's policy to: (1) ensure that any disclosure of portfolio holdings information is in the best interest of Trust shareholders; (2) protect the confidentiality of portfolio holdings information; (3) have procedures in place to guard against personal trading based on the information; and (4) ensure that the disclosure of portfolio holdings information does not create conflicts between the interests of the Trust's shareholders and those of the Trust's affiliates.
The Fund discloses its portfolio holdings by mailing the annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders approximately two months after the end of the fiscal year and semi-annual period. In addition, the Fund discloses its portfolio holdings reports on Forms N-CSR and Form N-Q two months after the end of each quarter/semi-annual period.
The Funds may choose to make portfolio holdings information available to rating agencies such as Lipper, Morningstar or Bloomberg more frequently on a confidential basis.
Under limited circumstances, as described below, the Fund's portfolio holdings may be disclosed to, or known by, certain third parties in advance of their filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission on Form N-CSR or Form N-Q. In each case, a determination has been made that such advance disclosure is supported by a legitimate business purpose and that the recipient is subject to a duty to keep the information confidential.
The Advisor and Sub-Advisors. Personnel of the Adviser and Sub-Advisors, including personnel responsible for managing the Fund's portfolio, may have full daily access to Fund portfolio holdings since that information is necessary in order for the Adviser and the Sub-Advisors to provide their management, administrative, and investment services to the Fund. As required for purposes of analyzing the impact of existing and future market changes on the prices, availability, demand and liquidity of such securities, as well as for the assistance of portfolio managers in the trading of such securities, Adviser and Sub-Advisor personnel may also release and discuss certain portfolio holdings with various broker-dealers.
Gemini Fund Services, LLC. Gemini Fund Services, LLC is the transfer agent, fund accountant, administrator and custody administrator for the Funds; therefore, its personnel have full daily access to the Fund's portfolio holdings since that information is necessary in order for them to provide the agreed-upon services for the Trust.
[Custodian]. [________] is custodian for the Fund; therefore, its personnel have full daily access to the Fund's portfolio holdings since that information is necessary in order for them to provide the agreed-upon services for the Trust.
[Deloitte & Touche]. [Deloitte & Touche] is the Funds' independent registered public accounting firm; therefore, its personnel have access to the Fund's portfolio holdings in connection with auditing of the Fund's annual financial statements and providing assistance and consultation in connection with SEC filings.
Alston & Bird, LLP. Alston & Bird, LLP is counsel to the Fund; therefore, its personnel have access to the Fund's portfolio holdings in connection with review of the Fund's annual and semi-annual shareholder reports and SEC filings.
Additions to List of Approved Recipients
The Trusts Chief Compliance Officer is the person responsible, and whose prior approval is required, for any disclosure of the Fund's portfolio securities at any time or to any persons other than those described above. In such cases, the recipient must have a legitimate business need for the information and must be subject to a duty to keep the information confidential. There are no ongoing arrangements in place with respect to the disclosure of portfolio holdings. In no event shall the Fund, the Advisor, the Sub-Advisors or any other party receive any direct or indirect compensation in connection with the disclosure of information about the Fund's portfolio holdings.
Compliance With Portfolio Holdings Disclosure Procedures
The Trusts Chief Compliance Officer will report periodically to the Board with respect to compliance with the Funds portfolio holdings disclosure procedures, and from time to time will provide the Board any updates to the portfolio holdings disclosure policies and procedures.
There is no assurance that the Trust's policies on disclosure of portfolio holdings will protect the Fund from the potential misuse of holdings information by individuals or firms in possession of that information.
Determination of Net Asset Value
As indicated in the Prospectus under the heading "Net Asset Value," the net asset value ("NAV") of the Fund's shares, by class, is determined by dividing the total value of the Fund's portfolio investments and other assets, less any liabilities, by the total number of shares outstanding of the Fund, by class.
For purposes of calculating the NAV, portfolio securities and other assets for which market quotes are available are stated at market value. Market value is generally determined on the basis of last reported sales prices, or if no sales are reported, based on quotes obtained from a quotation reporting system, established market makers, or pricing services. Securities primarily traded in the NASDAQ National Market System for which market quotations are readily available shall be valued using the NASDAQ Official Closing Price (NOCP). If the NOCP is not available, such securities shall be valued at the last sale price on the day of valuation, or if there has been no sale on such day, at the last bid on the primary exchange. Certain securities or investments for which daily market quotes are not readily available may be valued, pursuant to guidelines established by the Board, with reference to other securities or indices. Short-term investments having a maturity of 60 days or less are generally valued at amortized cost. Exchange traded options; futures and options on futures are valued at the settlement price determined by the exchange. Other securities for which market quotes are not readily available are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by the Board or persons acting at their direction.
Investments initially valued in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are converted to U.S. dollars using exchange rates obtained from pricing services. As a result, the NAV of the Fund's shares may be affected by changes in the value of currencies in relation to the U.S. dollar. The value of securities traded in markets outside the United States or denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar may be affected significantly on a day that the New York Stock Exchange is closed and an investor is not able to purchase, redeem or exchange shares.
Fund shares are valued at the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (normally 4:00 p.m., Eastern time) (the "NYSE Close") on each day that the New York Stock Exchange is open. For purposes of calculating the NAV, the Fund normally use pricing data for domestic equity securities received shortly after the NYSE Close and does not normally take into account trading, clearances or settlements that take place after the NYSE Close. Domestic fixed income and foreign securities are normally priced using data reflecting the earlier closing of the principal markets for those securities. Information that becomes known to the Fund or its agents after the NAV has been calculated on a particular day will not generally be used to retroactively adjust the price of the security or the NAV determined earlier that day.
In unusual circumstances, instead of valuing securities in the usual manner, the Fund may value securities at fair value or estimate their value as determined in good faith by the Board or its designees, pursuant to procedures approved by the Board. Fair valuation may also be used by the Board if extraordinary events occur after the close of the relevant market but prior to the NYSE Close.
The Trust expects that the holidays upon which the Exchange will be closed are as follows: New Year's Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, President's Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day.
Purchase of Shares
Orders for shares received by the Fund in good order prior to the close of business on the NYSE on each day during such periods that the NYSE is open for trading are priced at NAV per share computed as of the close of the regular session of trading on the NYSE. Orders received in good order after the close of the NYSE, or on a day it is not open for trading, are priced at the close of such NYSE on the next day on which it is open for trading at the next determined NAV or offering price per share.
Redemption of Shares
The Fund will redeem all or any portion of a shareholder's shares in the Fund when requested in accordance with the procedures set forth in the "Redemptions" section of the Prospectus. Under the 1940 Act, a shareholders right to redeem shares and to receive payment therefore may be suspended at times:
(a) when the NYSE is closed, other than customary weekend and holiday
closings;
(b) when trading on that exchange is restricted for any reason;
(c) when an emergency exists as a result of which disposal by the Fund of securities owned by it is not reasonably practicable or it is not reasonably practicable for the Fund to fairly determine the value of its net assets, provided that applicable rules and regulations of the SEC (or any succeeding governmental authority) will govern as to whether the conditions prescribed in (b) or (c) exist; or
(d) when the SEC by order permits a suspension of the right to redemption or a postponement of the date of payment on redemption.
In case of suspension of the right of redemption, payment of a redemption request will be made based on the NAV next determined after the termination of the suspension.
The Fund may purchase shares of Underlying Funds which charge a redemption fee to shareholders (such as the Fund) that redeem shares of the Underlying Fund within a certain period of time (such as one year). The fee is payable to the Underlying Fund. Accordingly, if the Fund were to invest in an Underlying Fund and incur a redemption fee as a result of redeeming shares in such Underlying Fund, the Fund would bear such redemption fee. The Fund will not, however, invest in shares of an Underlying Fund that is sold with a contingent deferred sales load.
Supporting documents in addition to those listed under Redemptions in the Prospectus will be required from executors, administrators, Trustees, or if redemption is requested by someone other than the shareholder of record. Such documents include, but are not restricted to, stock powers, Trust instruments, certificates of death, appointments as executor, certificates of corporate authority and waiver of tax required in some states when settling estates.
Tax Status The following discussion is general in nature and should not be regarded as an exhaustive presentation of all possible tax ramifications. All shareholders should consult a qualified tax advisor regarding their investment in the Fund.
The Fund has qualified and intends to continue to qualify and has elected to be treated as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code), which requires compliance with certain requirements concerning the sources of its income, diversification of its assets, and the amount and timing of its distributions to shareholders. Such qualification does not involve supervision of management or investment practices or policies by any government agency or bureau. By so qualifying, the Fund should not be subject to federal income or excise tax on its net investment income or net capital gain, which are distributed to shareholders in accordance with the applicable timing requirements. Net investment income and net capital gain of the Fund will be computed in accordance with Section 852 of the Code.
Net investment income is made up of dividends and interest less expenses. Net capital gain for a fiscal year is computed by taking into account any capital loss carryforward of the Fund.
The Fund intends to distribute all of its net investment income, any excess of net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses, and any excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses in accordance with the timing requirements imposed by the Code and therefore should not be required to pay any federal income or excise taxes. Distributions of net investment income and net capital gain will be made after the end of each fiscal year, and no later than December 31 of each year. Both types of distributions will be in shares of the Fund unless a shareholder elects to receive cash.
To be treated as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code, the Fund must also (a) derive at least 90% of its gross income from dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans, net income from certain publicly traded partnerships and gains from the sale or other disposition of securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including, but not limited to, gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to the business of investing in such securities or currencies, and (b) diversify its holding so that, at the end of each fiscal quarter, (i) at least 50% of the market value of the Funds assets is represented by cash, U.S. government securities and securities of other regulated investment companies, and other securities (for purposes of this calculation, generally limited in respect of any one issuer, to an amount not greater than 5% of the market value of the Funds assets and 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer) and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of its assets is invested in the securities of (other than U.S. government securities or the securities of other regulated investment companies) any one issuer, two or more issuers which the Fund controls and which are determined to be engaged in the same or similar trades or businesses, or the securities of certain publicly traded partnerships.
If the Fund fails to qualify as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M in any fiscal year, it will be treated as a corporation for federal income tax purposes. As such the Fund would be required to pay income taxes on its net investment income and net realized capital gains, if any, at the rates generally applicable to corporations. Shareholders of the Fund generally would not be liable for income tax on the Funds net investment income or net realized capital gains in their individual capacities. Distributions to shareholders, whether from the Funds net investment income or net realized capital gains, would be treated as taxable dividends to the extent of current or accumulated earnings and profits of the Fund.
The Fund is subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax on certain undistributed amounts of ordinary income and capital gain under a prescribed formula contained in Section 4982 of the Code. The formula requires payment to shareholders during a calendar year of distributions representing at least 98% of the Funds ordinary income for the calendar year and at least 98% of its capital gain net income (i.e., the excess of its capital gains over capital losses) realized during the one-year period ending October 31 during such year plus 100% of any income that was neither distributed nor taxed to the Fund during the preceding calendar year. Under ordinary circumstances, the Fund expects to time its distributions so as to avoid liability for this tax.
The following discussion of tax consequences is for the general information of shareholders that are subject to tax. Shareholders that are IRAs or other qualified retirement plans are exempt from income taxation under the Code.
Distributions of taxable net investment income and the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. In most cases the Fund will hold shares in Underlying Funds for less than 12 months, such that its sales of such shares from time to time will not qualify as long-term capital gains for those investors who hold shares of the Fund in taxable accounts.
Distributions of net capital gain (capital gain dividends) generally are taxable to shareholders as short-term capital gain; regardless of the length of time the shares of the Trust have been held by such shareholders.
A redemption of Fund shares by a shareholder will result in the recognition of taxable gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized and the shareholders tax basis in his or her Fund shares. Such gain or loss is treated as a capital gain or loss if the shares are held as capital assets. However, any loss realized upon the redemption of shares within six months from the date of their purchase will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any amounts treated as capital gain dividends during such six-month period. All or a portion of any loss realized upon the redemption of shares may be disallowed to the extent shares are purchased (including shares acquired by means of reinvested dividends) within 30 days before or after such redemption.
Distributions of taxable net investment income and net capital gain will be taxable as described above, whether received in additional cash or shares. Shareholders electing to reinvest distributions in the form of additional shares will have a cost basis for federal income tax purposes in each share so received equal to the net asset value of a share on the reinvestment date.
All distributions of taxable net investment income and net capital gain, whether received in shares or in cash, must be reported by each taxable shareholder on his or her federal income tax return. Dividends or distributions declared in October, November or December as of a record date in such a month, if any, will be deemed to have been received by shareholders on December 31, if paid during January of the following year. Redemptions of shares may result in tax consequences (gain or loss) to the shareholder and are also subject to these reporting requirements.
Under the Code, the Fund will be required to report to the Internal Revenue Service all distributions of taxable income and capital gains as well as gross proceeds from the redemption or exchange of Fund shares, except in the case of certain exempt shareholders. Under the backup withholding provisions of Section 3406 of the Code, distributions of taxable net investment income and net capital gain and proceeds from the redemption or exchange of the shares of a regulated investment company may be subject to withholding of federal income tax in the case of non-exempt shareholders who fail to furnish the investment company with their taxpayer identification numbers and with required certifications regarding their status under the federal income tax law, or if the Fund is notified by the IRS or a broker that withholding is required due to an incorrect TIN or a previous failure to report taxable interest or dividends. If the withholding provisions are applicable, any such distributions and proceeds, whether taken in cash or reinvested in additional shares, will be reduced by the amounts required to be withheld.
Options, Futures, Forward Contracts and Swap Agreements
To the extent such investments are permissible for the Fund, the Fund's transactions in options, futures contracts, hedging transactions, forward contracts, straddles and foreign currencies will be subject to special tax rules (including mark-to-market, constructive sale, straddle, wash sale and short sale rules), the effect of which may be to accelerate income to the Fund, defer losses to the Fund, cause adjustments in the holding periods of the Fund's securities, convert long-term capital gains into short-term capital gains and convert short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses. These rules could therefore affect the amount, timing and character of distributions to shareholders.
To the extent such investments are permissible, certain of the Fund's hedging activities (including its transactions, if any, in foreign currencies or foreign currency-denominated instruments) are likely to produce a difference between its book income and its taxable income. If the Fund's book income exceeds its taxable income, the distribution (if any) of such excess book income will be treated as (i) a dividend to the extent of the Fund's remaining earnings and profits (including earnings and profits arising from tax-exempt income), (ii) thereafter, as a return of capital to the extent of the recipients basis in the shares, and (iii) thereafter, as gain from the sale or exchange of a capital asset. If the Fund's book income is less than taxable income, the Fund could be required to make distributions exceeding book income to qualify as a regulated investment company that is accorded special tax treatment.
Passive Foreign Investment Companies
Investment by the Fund in certain "passive foreign investment companies" ("PFICs") could subject the Fund to a U.S. federal income tax (including interest charges) on distributions received from the company or on proceeds received from the disposition of shares in the company, which tax cannot be eliminated by making distributions to Fund shareholders. However, the Fund may elect to treat a PFIC as a "qualified electing fund" ("QEF), in which case the Fund will be required to include its share of the company's income and net capital gains annually, regardless of whether it receives any distribution from the company.
The Fund also may make an election to mark the gains (and to a limited extent losses) in such holdings "to the market" as though it had sold and repurchased its holdings in those PFICs on the last day of the Fund's taxable year. Such gains and losses are treated as ordinary income and loss. The QEF and mark-to-market elections may accelerate the recognition of income (without the receipt of cash) and increase the amount required to be distributed for the Fund to avoid taxation. Making either of these elections therefore may require the Fund to liquidate other investments (including when it is not advantageous to do so) to meet its distribution requirement, which also may accelerate the recognition of gain and affect the Fund's total return.
Foreign Currency Transactions
The Fund's transactions in foreign currencies, foreign currency-denominated debt securities and certain foreign currency options, futures contracts and forward contracts (and similar instruments) may give rise to ordinary income or loss to the extent such income or loss results from fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency concerned.
Foreign Taxation
Income received by the Fund from sources within foreign countries may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries. Tax treaties and conventions between certain countries and the U.S. may reduce or eliminate such taxes. If more than 50% of the value of the Fund's total assets at the close of its taxable year consists of securities of foreign corporations, the Fund may be able to elect to "pass through" to its shareholders the amount of eligible foreign income and similar taxes paid by the Fund. If this election is made, a shareholder generally subject to tax will be required to include in gross income (in addition to taxable dividends actually received) his or her pro rata share of the foreign taxes paid by the Fund, and may be entitled either to deduct (as an itemized deduction) his or her pro rata share of foreign taxes in computing his or her taxable income or to use it as a foreign tax credit against his or her U.S. federal income tax liability, subject to certain limitations. In particular, a shareholder must hold his or her shares (without protection from risk of loss) on the ex-dividend date and for at least 15 more days during the 30-day period surrounding the ex-dividend date to be eligible to claim a foreign tax credit with respect to a gain dividend. No deduction for foreign taxes may be claimed by a shareholder who does not itemize deductions. Each shareholder will be notified within 60 days after the close of the Fund's taxable year whether the foreign taxes paid by the Fund will "pass through" for that year.
Generally, a credit for foreign taxes is subject to the limitation that it may not exceed the shareholder's U.S. tax attributable to his or her total foreign source taxable income. For this purpose, if the pass-through election is made, the source of the Fund's income will flow through to shareholders of the Fund. With respect to the Fund, gains from the sale of securities will be treated as derived from U.S. sources and certain currency fluctuation gains, including fluctuation gains from foreign currency-denominated debt securities, receivables and payables will be treated as ordinary income derived from U.S. sources. The limitation on the foreign tax credit is applied separately to foreign source passive income, and to certain other types of income. A shareholder may be unable to claim a credit for the full amount of his or her proportionate share of the foreign taxes paid by the Fund. The foreign tax credit can be used to offset only 90% of the revised alternative minimum tax imposed on corporations and individuals and foreign taxes generally are not deductible in computing alternative minimum taxable income.
Original Issue Discount and Pay-In-Kind Securities
Current federal tax law requires the holder of a U.S. Treasury or other fixed income zero coupon security to accrue as income each year a portion of the discount at which the security was purchased, even though the holder receives no interest payment in cash on the security during the year. In addition, pay-in-kind securities will give rise to income, which is required to be distributed and is taxable even though the Fund holding the security receives no interest payment in cash on the security during the year.
Some of the debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by the Fund may be treated as debt securities that are issued originally at a discount. Generally, the amount of the original issue discount ("OID") is treated as interest income and is included in income over the term of the debt security, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, usually when the debt security matures. A portion of the OID includable in income with respect to certain high-yield corporate debt securities (including certain pay-in-kind securities) may be treated as a dividend for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Some of the debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by the Fund in the secondary market may be treated as having market discount. Generally, any gain recognized on the disposition of, and any partial payment of principal on, a debt security having market discount is treated as ordinary income to the extent the gain, or principal payment, does not exceed the "accrued market discount" on such debt security. Market discount generally accrues in equal daily installments. The Fund may make one or more of the elections applicable to debt securities having market discount, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income.
Some debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of one year or less from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by a Fund may be treated as having acquisition discount, or OID in the case of certain types of debt securities. Generally, the Fund will be required to include the acquisition discount, or OID, in income over the term of the debt security, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, usually when the debt security matures. The Fund may make one or more of the elections applicable to debt securities having acquisition discount, or OID, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income.
If the Fund holds the foregoing kinds of securities, it may be required to pay out as an income distribution each year an amount that is greater than the total amount of cash interest the Fund actually received. Such distributions may be made from the cash assets of the Fund or by liquidation of portfolio securities, if necessary (including when it is not advantageous to do so). The Fund may realize gains or losses from such liquidations. In the event the Fund realizes net capital gains from such transactions, its shareholders may receive a larger capital gain distribution, if any, than they would in the absence of such transactions.
Shareholders of the Fund may be subject to state and local taxes on distributions received from the Fund and on redemptions of the Fund's shares.
A brief explanation of the form and character of the distribution accompany each distribution. In January of each year the Fund issues to each shareholder a statement of the federal income tax status of all distributions.
Shareholders should consult their tax advisors about the application of federal, state and local and foreign tax law in light of their particular situation.
Distributions
The Fund will receive income in the form of dividends and interest earned on its investments in securities. This income, less the expenses incurred in its operations, is the Funds net investment income, substantially all of which will be distributed to the Funds shareholders.
The amount of the Funds distributions is dependent upon the amount of net investment income received by the Fund from its portfolio holdings, is not guaranteed and is subject to the discretion of the Board of Trustees. The Fund does not pay interest or guarantee any fixed rate of return on an investment in its shares.
The Fund also may derive capital gains or losses in connection with sales or other dispositions of its portfolio securities. Any net gain the Fund may realize from transactions involving investments held less than the period required for long-term capital gain or loss recognition or otherwise producing short-term capital gains and losses (taking into account any carryover of capital losses from, generally, the eight previous taxable years), although a distribution from capital gains, will be distributed to shareholders with and as a part of the distributions of net investment income giving rise to ordinary income. If during any year the Fund realizes a net gain on transactions involving investments held for the period required for long-term capital gain or loss recognition or otherwise producing long-term capital gains and losses, the Fund will have a net long-term capital gain. After deduction of the amount of any net short-term capital loss, the balance (to the extent not offset by any capital losses carried over from, generally, the eight previous taxable years) will be distributed and treated as long-term capital gains in the hands of the shareholders regardless of the length of time the Funds shares may have been held by the shareholders. For more information concerning applicable capital gains tax rates, see your tax adviser.
Any distribution paid by the Fund reduces the Funds NAV per share on the date paid by the amount of the distribution per share. Accordingly, a distribution paid shortly after a purchase of shares by a shareholder would represent, in substance, a partial return of capital (to the extent it is paid on the shares so purchased), even though it would be subject to income taxes.
Distributions will be made in the form of additional shares of the Fund unless the shareholder has otherwise indicated. Investors have the right to change their elections with respect to the reinvestment of distributions by notifying the Transfer Agent in writing; however, any such change will be effective only as to distributions for which the record date is five or more business days after the Transfer Agent has received the written request.
Financial Statements
The 2011 Annual Report to Shareholders of the Predecessor Fund, including the financial statements, accompanying notes and report of the independent registered public accounting firm appearing therein, are incorporated by reference in this SAI.
APPENDIX A RATINGS DEFINITIONS
Standard & Poors Issue Credit Rating Definitions
A Standard & Poor's issue credit rating is a forward-looking opinion about the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to a specific financial obligation, a specific class of financial obligations, or a specific financial program (including ratings on medium-term note programs and commercial paper programs). It takes into consideration the creditworthiness of guarantors, insurers, or other forms of credit enhancement on the obligation and takes into account the currency in which the obligation is denominated. The opinion reflects Standard & Poor's view of the obligor's capacity and willingness to meet its financial commitments as they come due, and may assess terms, such as collateral security and subordination, which could affect ultimate payment in the event of default.
Issue credit ratings can be either long term or short term. Short-term ratings are generally assigned to those obligations considered short-term in the relevant market. In the U.S., for example, that means obligations with an original maturity of no more than 365 daysincluding commercial paper. Short-term ratings are also used to indicate the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to put features on long-term obligations. The result is a dual rating, in which the short-term rating addresses the put feature, in addition to the usual long-term rating. Medium-term notes are assigned long-term ratings.
Short-Term Issue Credit Ratings
A-1
A short-term obligation rated 'A-1' is rated in the highest category by Standard & Poor's. The obligor's capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is strong. Within this category, certain obligations are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligor's capacity to meet its financial commitment on these obligations is extremely strong.
A-2
A short-term obligation rated 'A-2' is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rating categories. However, the obligor's capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is satisfactory.
A-3
A short-term obligation rated 'A-3' exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
B
A short-term obligation rated 'B' is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. Ratings of 'B-1', 'B-2', and 'B-3' may be assigned to indicate finer distinctions within the 'B' category. The obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties which could lead to the obligor's inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
B-1
A short-term obligation rated 'B-1' is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics, but the obligor has a relatively stronger capacity to meet its financial commitments over the short-term compared to other speculative-grade obligors.
B-2
A short-term obligation rated 'B-2' is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics, and the obligor has an average speculative-grade capacity to meet its financial commitments over the short-term compared to other speculative-grade obligors.
B-3
A short-term obligation rated 'B-3' is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics, and the obligor has a relatively weaker capacity to meet its financial commitments over the short-term compared to other speculative-grade obligors.
C
A short-term obligation rated 'C' is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
D
A short-term obligation rated 'D' is in payment default. The 'D' rating category is used when payments on an obligation, including a regulatory capital instrument, are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless Standard & Poor's believes that such payments will be made during such grace period. The 'D' rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action if payments on an obligation are jeopardized.
SPUR (Standard & Poor's Underlying Rating)
This is a rating of a stand-alone capacity of an issue to pay debt service on a credit-enhanced debt issue, without giving effect to the enhancement that applies to it. These ratings are published only at the request of the debt issuer/obligor with the designation SPUR to distinguish them from the credit-enhanced rating that applies to the debt issue. Standard & Poor's maintains surveillance of an issue with a published SPUR.
Dual Ratings
Standard & Poor's assigns "dual" ratings to all debt issues that have a put option or demand feature as part of their structure. The first rating addresses the likelihood of repayment of principal and interest as due, and the second rating addresses only the demand feature. The long-term rating symbols are used for bonds to denote the long-term maturity and the short-term rating symbols for the put option (for example, 'AAA/A-1+'). With U.S. municipal short-term demand debt, note rating symbols are used with the short-term issue credit rating symbols (for example, 'SP-1+/A-1+').
The ratings and other credit related opinions of Standard & Poor's and its affiliates are statements of opinion as of the date they are expressed and not statements of fact or recommendations to purchase, hold, or sell any securities or make any investment decisions. Standard & Poor's assumes no obligation to update any information following publication. Users of ratings and credit related opinions should not rely on them in making any investment decision. Standard &Poor's opinions and analyses do not address the suitability of any security. Standard & Poor's Financial Services LLC does not act as a fiduciary or an investment advisor. While Standard & Poor's has obtained information from sources it believes to be reliable, Standard & Poor's does not perform an audit and undertakes no duty of due diligence or independent verification of any information it receives. Ratings and credit related opinions may be changed, suspended, or withdrawn at any time.
Active Qualifiers (Currently applied and/or outstanding)
i
This subscript is used for issues in which the credit factors, terms, or both, that determine the likelihood of receipt of payment of interest are different from the credit factors, terms or both that determine the likelihood of receipt of principal on the obligation. The 'i' subscript indicates that the rating addresses the interest portion of the obligation only. The 'i' subscript will always be used in conjunction with the 'p' subscript, which addresses likelihood of receipt of principal. For example, a rated obligation could be assigned ratings of "AAAp NRi" indicating that the principal portion is rated "AAA" and the interest portion of the obligation is not rated.
L
Ratings qualified with 'L' apply only to amounts invested up to federal deposit insurance limits.
p
This subscript is used for issues in which the credit factors, the terms, or both, that determine the likelihood of receipt of payment of principal are different from the credit factors, terms or both that determine the likelihood of receipt of interest on the obligation. The 'p' subscript indicates that the rating addresses the principal portion of the obligation only. The 'p' subscript will always be used in conjunction with the 'i' subscript, which addresses likelihood of receipt of interest. For example, a rated obligation could be assigned ratings of "AAAp NRi" indicating that the principal portion is rated "AAA" and the interest portion of the obligation is not rated.
pi
Ratings with a 'pi' subscript are based on an analysis of an issuer's published financial information, as well as additional information in the public domain. They do not, however, reflect in-depth meetings with an issuer's management and therefore may be based on less comprehensive information than ratings without a 'pi' subscript. Ratings with a 'pi' subscript are reviewed annually based on a new year's financial statements, but may be reviewed on an interim basis if a major event occurs that may affect the issuer's credit quality.
pr
The letters 'pr' indicate that the rating is provisional. A provisional rating assumes the successful completion of the project financed by the debt being rated and indicates that payment of debt service requirements is largely or entirely dependent upon the successful, timely completion of the project. This rating, however, while addressing credit quality subsequent to completion of the project, makes no comment on the likelihood of or the risk of default upon failure of such completion. The investor should exercise his own judgment with respect to such likelihood and risk.
preliminary
Preliminary ratings are assigned to issues, including financial programs, in the following circumstances.
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Preliminary ratings may be assigned to obligations, most commonly structured and project finance issues, pending receipt of final documentation and legal opinions. Assignment of a final rating is conditional on the receipt and approval by Standard & Poor's of appropriate documentation. Changes in the information provided to Standard & Poor's could result in the assignment of a different rating. In addition, Standard & Poor's reserves the right not to issue a final rating. |
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Preliminary ratings are assigned to Rule 415 Shelf Registrations. As specific issues, with defined terms, are offered from the master registration, a final rating may be assigned to them in accordance with Standard & Poor's policies. The final rating may differ from the preliminary rating. |
t
This symbol indicates termination structures that are designed to honor their contracts to full maturity or, should certain events occur, to terminate and cash settle all their contracts before their final maturity date.
unsolicited
Unsolicited ratings are those credit ratings assigned at the initiative of Standard & Poor's and not at the request of the issuer or its agents.
Inactive Qualifiers (No longer applied or outstanding)
*
This symbol indicated continuance of the ratings is contingent upon Standard & Poor's receipt of an executed copy of the escrow agreement or closing documentation confirming investments and cash flows. Discontinued use in August 1998.
c
This qualifier was used to provide additional information to investors that the bank may terminate its obligation to purchase tendered bonds if the long-term credit rating of the issuer is below an investment-grade level and/or the issuer's bonds are deemed taxable. Discontinued use in January 2001.
q
A 'q' subscript indicates that the rating is based solely on quantitative analysis of publicly available information. Discontinued use in April 2001.
r
The 'r' modifier was assigned to securities containing extraordinary risks, particularly market risks, that are not covered in the credit rating. The absence of an 'r' modifier should not be taken as an indication that an obligation will not exhibit extraordinary non-credit related risks. Standard & Poor's discontinued the use of the 'r' modifier for most obligations in June 2000 and for the balance of obligations (mainly structured finance transactions) in November 2002.
Local Currency and Foreign Currency Risks
Country risk considerations are a standard part of Standard & Poor's analysis for credit ratings on any issuer or issue. Currency of repayment is a key factor in this analysis. An obligor's capacity to repay foreign currency obligations may be lower than its capacity to repay obligations in its local currency due to the sovereign government's own relatively lower capacity to repay external versus domestic debt. These sovereign risk considerations are incorporated in the debt ratings assigned to specific issues. Foreign currency issuer ratings are also distinguished from local currency issuer ratings to identify those instances where sovereign risks make them different for the same issuer.
Moodys Credit Rating Definitions
Purpose
The system of rating securities was originated by John Moody in 1909. The purpose of Moody's ratings is to provide investors with a simple system of gradation by which relative creditworthiness of securities may be noted.
Rating Symbols
Gradations of creditworthiness are indicated by rating symbols, with each symbol representing a group in which the credit characteristics are broadly the same. There are nine symbols as shown below, from that used to designate least credit risk to that denoting greatest credit risk:
Aaa Aa A Baa Ba B Caa Ca C
Moody's appends numerical modifiers 1, 2, and 3 to each generic rating classification from Aa through Caa.
Absence of a Rating
Where no rating has been assigned or where a rating has been withdrawn, it may be for reasons unrelated to the creditworthiness of the issue.
Should no rating be assigned, the reason may be one of the following:
1. An application was not received or accepted.
2. The issue or issuer belongs to a group of securities or entities that are not rated as a matter of policy.
3. There is a lack of essential data pertaining to the issue or issuer.
4. The issue was privately placed, in which case the rating is not published in Moody's publications.
Withdrawal may occur if new and material circumstances arise, the effects of which preclude satisfactory analysis; if there is no longer available reasonable up-to-date data to permit a judgment to be formed; if a bond is called for redemption; or for other reasons.
Changes in Rating
The credit quality of most issuers and their obligations is not fixed and steady over a period of time, but tends to undergo change. For this reason changes in ratings occur so as to reflect variations in the intrinsic relative position of issuers and their obligations.
A change in rating may thus occur at any time in the case of an individual issue. Such rating change should serve notice that Moody's observes some alteration in creditworthiness, or that the previous rating did not fully reflect the quality of the bond as now seen. While because of their very nature, changes are to be expected more frequently among bonds of lower ratings than among bonds of higher ratings. Nevertheless, the user of bond ratings should keep close and constant check on all ratings both high and low to be able to note promptly any signs of change in status that may occur.
Limitations to Uses of Ratings*
Obligations carrying the same rating are not claimed to be of absolutely equal credit quality. In a broad sense, they are alike in position, but since there are a limited number of rating classes used in grading thousands of bonds, the symbols cannot reflect the same shadings of risk which actually exist.
As ratings are designed exclusively for the purpose of grading obligations according to their credit quality, they should not be used alone as a basis for investment operations. For example, they have no value in forecasting the direction of future trends of market price. Market price movements in bonds are influenced not only by the credit quality of individual issues but also by changes in money rates and general economic trends, as well as by the length of maturity, etc. During its life even the highest rated bond may have wide price movements, while its high rating status remains unchanged.
The matter of market price has no bearing whatsoever on the determination of ratings, which are not to be construed as recommendations with respect to "attractiveness". The attractiveness of a given bond may depend on its yield, its maturity date or other factors for which the investor may search, as well as on its credit quality, the only characteristic to which the rating refers.
Since ratings involve judgements about the future, on the one hand, and since they are used by investors as a means of protection, on the other, the effort is made when assigning ratings to look at "worst" possibilities in the "visible" future, rather than solely at the past record and the status of the present. Therefore, investors using the rating should not expect to find in them a reflection of statistical factors alone, since they are an appraisal of long-term risks, including the recognition of many non-statistical factors.
Though ratings may be used by the banking authorities to classify bonds in their bank examination procedure, Moody's ratings are not made with these bank regulations in mind. Moody's Investors Service's own judgement as to the desirability or non-desirability of a bond for bank investment purposes is not indicated by Moody's ratings.
Moody's ratings represent the opinion of Moody's Investors Service as to the relative creditworthiness of securities. As such, they should be used in conjunction with the descriptions and statistics appearing in Moody's publications. Reference should be made to these statements for information regarding the issuer. Moody's ratings are not commercial credit ratings. In no case is default or receivership to be imputed unless expressly stated.
*As set forth more fully on the copyright, credit ratings are, and must be construed solely as, statements of opinion and not statements of fact or recommendations to purchase, sell or hold any securities. Each rating or other opinion must be weighed solely as one factor in any investment decision made by or on behalf of any user of the information, and each such user must accordingly make its own study and evaluation of each security and of each issuer and guarantor of, and each provider of credit support for, each security that it may consider purchasing, selling or holding.
Short-Term Ratings
Moody's short-term ratings are opinions of the ability of issuers to honor short-term financial obligations. Ratings may be assigned to issuers, short-term programs or to individual short-term debt instruments. Such obligations generally have an original maturity not exceeding thirteen months, unless explicitly noted.
Moody's employs the following designations to indicate the relative repayment ability of rated issuers:
P-1
Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-1 have a superior ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-2
Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-2 have a strong ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-3
Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-3 have an acceptable ability to repay short-term obligations.
NP
Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime rating categories.
Note: Canadian issuers rated P-1 or P-2 have their short-term ratings enhanced by the senior-most long-term rating of the issuer, its guarantor or support-provider.
Fitchs National Credit Ratings
For those countries in which foreign and local currency sovereign ratings are below 'AAA', and where there is demand for such ratings, Fitch Ratings will provide National Ratings. It is important to note that each National Rating scale is unique and is defined to serve the needs of the local market in question.
The National Rating scale provides a relative measure of creditworthiness for rated entities only within the country concerned. Under this rating scale, a 'AAA' Long-Term National Rating will be assigned to the lowest relative risk within that country, which, in most but not all cases, will be the sovereign state.
The National Rating scale merely ranks the degree of perceived risk relative to the lowest default risk in that same country. Like local currency ratings, National Ratings exclude the effects of sovereign and transfer risk and exclude the possibility that investors may be unable to repatriate any due interest and principal repayments. It is not related to the rating scale of any other national market. Comparisons between different national scales or between an individual national scale and the international rating scale are therefore inappropriate and potentially misleading. Consequently they are identified by the addition of a special identifier for the country concerned, such as 'AAA(arg)' for National Ratings in Argentina.
In certain countries, regulators have established credit rating scales, to be used within their domestic markets, using specific nomenclature. In these countries, the agency's National Short-Term Rating definitions for 'F1+(xxx)', 'F1(xxx)', 'F2(xxx)' and 'F3(xxx)' may be substituted by the regulatory scales, e.g. 'A1+', 'A1', 'A2' and 'A3'. The below definitions thus serve as a template, but users should consult the individual scales for each country listed on the agency's web-site to determine if any additional or alternative category definitions apply.
National Short-Term Credit Ratings
F1(xxx)
Indicates the strongest capacity for timely payment of financial commitments relative to other issuers or obligations in the same country. Under the agency's National Rating scale, this rating is assigned to the lowest default risk relative to others in the same country. Where the liquidity profile is particularly strong, a "+" is added to the assigned rating.
F2(xxx)
Indicates a good capacity for timely payment of financial commitments relative to other issuers or obligations in the same country. However, the margin of safety is not as great as in the case of the higher ratings.
F3(xxx)
Indicates an adequate capacity for timely payment of financial commitments relative to other issuers or obligations in the same country. However, such capacity is more susceptible to near-term adverse changes than for financial commitments in higher rated categories.
B(xxx)
Indicates an uncertain capacity for timely payment of financial commitments relative to other issuers or obligations in the same country. Such capacity is highly susceptible to near-term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.
C(xxx)
Indicates a highly uncertain capacity for timely payment of financial commitments relative to other issuers or obligations in the same country. Capacity for meeting financial commitments is solely reliant upon a sustained, favorable business and economic environment.
D(xxx)
Indicates actual or imminent payment default.
Notes to Long-Term and Short-Term National Ratings:
The ISO country code suffix is placed in parentheses immediately following the rating letters to indicate the identity of the National market within which the rating applies. For illustrative purposes, (xxx) has been used.
"+" or "-" may be appended to a National Rating to denote relative status within a major rating category. Such suffixes are not added to the 'AAA(xxx)' Long-Term National Rating category, to categories below 'CCC(xxx)', or to Short-Term National Ratings other than 'F1(xxx)'.
LONG-TERM RATINGS
Standard & Poors Long-Term Issue Credit Ratings
Issue credit ratings are based, in varying degrees, on Standard & Poor's analysis of the following considerations:
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Likelihood of paymentcapacity and willingness of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on an obligation in accordance with the terms of the obligation; |
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Nature of and provisions of the obligation; |
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Protection afforded by, and relative position of, the obligation in the event of bankruptcy, reorganization, or other arrangement under the laws of bankruptcy and other laws affecting creditors' rights. |
Issue ratings are an assessment of default risk, but may incorporate an assessment of relative seniority or ultimate recovery in the event of default. Junior obligations are typically rated lower than senior obligations, to reflect the lower priority in bankruptcy, as noted above. (Such differentiation may apply when an entity has both senior and subordinated obligations, secured and unsecured obligations, or operating company and holding company obligations.)
AAA
An obligation rated 'AAA' has the highest rating assigned by Standard & Poor's. The obligor's capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is extremely strong.
AA
An obligation rated 'AA' differs from the highest-rated obligations only to a small degree. The obligor's capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is very strong.
A
An obligation rated 'A' is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However, the obligor's capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is still strong.
BBB
An obligation rated 'BBB' exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
BB, B, CCC, CC, and C
Obligations rated 'BB', 'B', 'CCC', 'CC', and 'C' are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. 'BB' indicates the least degree of speculation and 'C' the highest. While such obligations will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.
BB
An obligation rated 'BB' is less vulnerable to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligor's inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
B
An obligation rated 'B' is more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated 'BB', but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligor's capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
CCC
An obligation rated 'CCC' is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
CC
An obligation rated 'CC' is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment.
C
A 'C' rating is assigned to obligations that are currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment, obligations that have payment arrearages allowed by the terms of the documents, or obligations of an issuer that is the subject of a bankruptcy petition or similar action which have not experienced a payment default. Among others, the 'C' rating may be assigned to subordinated debt, preferred stock or other obligations on which cash payments have been suspended in accordance with the instrument's terms or when preferred stock is the subject of a distressed exchange offer, whereby some or all of the issue is either repurchased for an amount of cash or replaced by other instruments having a total value that is less than par.
D
An obligation rated 'D' is in payment default. The 'D' rating category is used when payments on an obligation, including a regulatory capital instrument, are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless Standard & Poor's believes that such payments will be made during such grace period. The 'D' rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action if payments on an obligation are jeopardized. An obligation's rating is lowered to 'D' upon completion of a distressed exchange offer, whereby some or all of the issue is either repurchased for an amount of cash or replaced by other instruments having a total value that is less than par.
Plus (+) or minus (-)
The ratings from 'AA' to 'CCC' may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.
NR
This indicates that no rating has been requested, that there is insufficient information on which to base a rating, or that Standard & Poor's does not rate a particular obligation as a matter of policy.
See active and inactive qualifiers following Standard & Poors Short-Term Issue Credit Ratings beginning on page A-3.
Moodys Long-Term Debt Ratings
Long-Term Obligation Ratings
Moody's long-term obligation ratings are opinions of the relative credit risk of fixed-income obligations with an original maturity of one year or more. They address the possibility that a financial obligation will not be honored as promised. Such ratings reflect both the likelihood of default and any financial loss suffered in the event of default.
Moody's Long-Term Rating Definitions:
Aaa
Obligations rated Aaa are judged to be of the highest quality, with minimal credit risk.
Aa
Obligations rated Aa are judged to be of high quality and are subject to very low credit risk.
A
Obligations rated A are considered upper-medium grade and are subject to low credit risk.
Baa
Obligations rated Baa are subject to moderate credit risk. They are considered medium-grade and as such may possess certain speculative characteristics.
Ba
Obligations rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements and are subject to substantial credit risk.
B
Obligations rated B are considered speculative and are subject to high credit risk.
Caa
Obligations rated Caa are judged to be of poor standing and are subject to very high credit risk.
Ca
Obligations rated Ca are highly speculative and are likely in, or very near, default, with some prospect of recovery of principal and interest.
C
Obligations rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds and are typically in default, with little prospect for recovery of principal or interest.
Note: Moody's appends numerical modifiers 1, 2, and 3 to each generic rating classification from Aa through Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the obligation ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category.
Fitchs National Long-Term Credit Ratings
AAA(xxx)
'AAA' National Ratings denote the highest rating assigned by the agency in its National Rating scale for that country. This rating is assigned to issuers or obligations with the lowest expectation of default risk relative to all other issuers or obligations in the same country.
AA(xxx)
'AA' National Ratings denote expectations of very low default risk relative to other issuers or obligations in the same country. The default risk inherent differs only slightly from that of the country's highest rated issuers or obligations.
A(xxx)
'A' National Ratings denote expectations of low default risk relative to other issuers or obligations in the same country. However, changes in circumstances or economic conditions may affect the capacity for timely repayment to a greater degree than is the case for financial commitments denoted by a higher rated category.
BBB(xxx)
'BBB' National Ratings denote a moderate default risk relative to other issuers or obligations in the same country. However, changes in circumstances or economic conditions are more likely to affect the capacity for timely repayment than is the case for financial commitments denoted by a higher rated category.
BB(xxx)
'BB' National Ratings denote an elevated default risk relative to other issuers or obligations in the same country. Within the context of the country, payment is uncertain to some degree and capacity for timely repayment remains more vulnerable to adverse economic change over time.
B(xxx)
'B' National Ratings denote a significantly elevated default risk relative to other issuers or obligations in the same country. Financial commitments are currently being met but a limited margin of safety remains and capacity for continued timely payments is contingent upon a sustained, favorable business and economic environment. For individual obligations, may indicate distressed or defaulted obligations with potential for extremely high recoveries.
CCC(xxx)
'CCC' National Ratings denote that default is a real possibility. Capacity for meeting financial commitments is solely reliant upon sustained, favorable business or economic conditions.
CC(xxx)
'CC' National Ratings denote that default of some kind appears probable.
C(xxx)
'C' National Ratings denote that default is imminent.
D(xxx)
'D' National Ratings denote an issuer or instrument that is currently in default.
Notes to Long-Term and Short-Term National Ratings:
The ISO country code suffix is placed in parentheses immediately following the rating letters to indicate the identity of the National market within which the rating applies. For illustrative purposes, (xxx) has been used.
"+" or "-" may be appended to a National Rating to denote relative status within a major rating category. Such suffixes are not added to the 'AAA(xxx)' Long-Term National Rating category, to categories below 'CCC(xxx)', or to Short-Term National Ratings other than 'F1(xxx)'.
MUNICIPAL NOTE RATINGS
Standard & Poors Municipal Short-Term Note Ratings Definitions
A Standard & Poor's U.S. municipal note rating reflects Standard & Poor's opinion about the liquidity factors and market access risks unique to the notes. Notes due in three years or less will likely receive a note rating. Notes with an original maturity of more than three years will most likely receive a long-term debt rating. In determining which type of rating, if any, to assign, Standard & Poor's analysis will review the following considerations:
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Amortization schedulethe larger the final maturity relative to other maturities, the more likely it will be treated as a note; and |
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Source of paymentthe more dependent the issue is on the market for its refinancing, the more likely it will be treated as a note. |
Note rating symbols are as follows:
SP-1
Strong capacity to pay principal and interest. An issue determined to possess a very strong capacity to pay debt service is given a plus (+) designation.
SP-2
Satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest, with some vulnerability to adverse financial and economic changes over the term of the notes.
SP-3
Speculative capacity to pay principal and interest.
See active and inactive qualifiers following Standard & Poors Short-Term Issue Credit Ratings beginning on page A-3.
Moodys US Municipal Short-Term Debt And Demand Obligation Ratings
Short-Term Debt Ratings
There are three rating categories for short-term municipal obligations that are considered investment grade. These ratings are designated as Municipal Investment Grade (MIG) and are divided into three levels -- MIG 1 through MIG 3. In addition, those short-term obligations that are of speculative quality are designated SG, or speculative grade. MIG ratings expire at the maturity of the obligation.
MIG 1
This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by established cash flows, highly reliable liquidity support, or demonstrated broad-based access to the market for refinancing.
MIG 2
This designation denotes strong credit quality. Margins of protection are ample, although not as large as in the preceding group.
MIG 3
This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Liquidity and cash-flow protection may be narrow, and market access for refinancing is likely to be less well-established.
SG
This designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Debt instruments in this category may lack sufficient margins of protection.
Demand Obligation Ratings
In the case of variable rate demand obligations (VRDOs), a two-component rating is assigned; a long or short-term debt rating and a demand obligation rating. The first element represents Moody's evaluation of the degree of risk associated with scheduled principal and interest payments. The second element represents Moody's evaluation of the degree of risk associated with the ability to receive purchase price upon demand ("demand feature"), using a variation of the MIG rating scale, the Variable Municipal Investment Grade or VMIG rating.
When either the long- or short-term aspect of a VRDO is not rated, that piece is designated NR, e.g., Aaa/NR or NR/VMIG 1.
VMIG rating expirations are a function of each issue's specific structural or credit features.
VMIG 1
This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by the superior short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
VMIG 2
This designation denotes strong credit quality. Good protection is afforded by the strong short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
VMIG 3
This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Adequate protection is afforded by the satisfactory short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
SG
This designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Demand features rated in this category may be supported by a liquidity provider that does not have an investment grade short-term rating or may lack the structural and/or legal protections necessary to ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
HUNDREDFOLD
Hundredfold Select Alternative Fund
Hundredfold Global Perspective Fund
Hundredfold Equity Opportunity Fund
Service Class
MORE INFORMATION ON THE HUNDREDFOLD FUNDS
Statement of Additional Information (SAI):
The Funds SAI contains more information on the Funds and their investment policies. The SAI is incorporated in this Prospectus by reference (meaning it is legally part of this Prospectus). A current SAI is on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).
Annual and Semi-Annual Reports to Shareholders:
The Funds reports provide additional information on their investment holdings, performance data and a letter discussing the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the Funds performance during that period.
To Obtain the SAI or Fund Reports Free of Charge :
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Write to: |
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Hundredfold Funds c/o Gemini Fund Services 4020 S. 147 th street Omaha, NE 68137 |
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Call: |
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[number] |
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By Internet: |
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www. hundredfold funds.com |
These documents and other information about the Funds can be reviewed and copied at the SECs Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. Information on the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at (202) 551-8090. Reports and other information about the Funds may be viewed on-screen or downloaded from the EDGAR Database on the SECs website at http://www.sec.gov. Copies of these documents may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov, or by writing the SECs Public Reference Section, Washington, D.C. 20549-1520.
SEC File Number: 811- XXXX
HUNDREDFOLD FUNDS
HUNDREDFOLD
SELECT ALTERNATIVE FUND
Service Class (SFHYX)
HUNDREDFOLD
GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE FUND
Service Class (SFGPX)
HUNDREDFOLD
EQUITY OPPORTUNITY FUND
Service Class (SFEOX)
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
www.direxionfunds.com
The Northern Lights Fund Trust II Funds (the Trust) is a management investment company, or mutual fund that offers shares of a variety of investment portfolios to the public. This Statement of Additional Information (SAI) relates to the Service Class of three of those portfolios, the Hundredfold Select Alternative Fund, Hundredfold Global Perspective Fund and Hundredfold Equity Opportunity Fund (each, a Fund).
This SAI dated [, 2011 ], is not a prospectus. It should be read in conjunction with the Funds Prospectus dated [, 2011 (Prospectus). This SAI is incorporated by reference into the Prospectus. In other words, it is legally part of the Prospectus.
To receive a copy of the Prospectus, without charge, write or call the Trust at the address or telephone number above.
Dated: December ___, 2011
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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THE HUNDREDFOLD FUNDS |
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1 |
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CLASSIFICATION OF THE FUNDS |
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1 |
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INVESTMENT POLICIES AND TECHNIQUES |
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1 |
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American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) |
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2 |
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Asset-Backed Securities |
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2 |
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Bank Obligations |
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3 |
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Corporate Debt Securities |
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3 |
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Equity Securities |
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4 |
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Foreign Securities |
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5 |
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Illiquid Investments and Restricted Securities |
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5 |
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Indexed Securities |
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6 |
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Junk Bonds |
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7 |
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Mortgage-Backed Securities |
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7 |
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Options, Futures and Other Strategies |
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9 |
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Other Investment Companies |
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14 |
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Repurchase Agreements |
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14 |
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Reverse Repurchase Agreements |
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15 |
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Short Sales |
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15 |
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Swap Agreements |
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16 |
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U.S. Government Securities |
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17 |
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Zero-Coupon Securities |
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18 |
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Other Investment Risks and Practices |
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18 |
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INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS |
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19 |
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PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE |
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20 |
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PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS INFORMATION |
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22 |
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MANAGEMENT OF THE TRUST |
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23 |
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The Board of Trustees |
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23 |
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Risk Oversight |
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23 |
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Board Structure and Related Matters |
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24 |
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Board Committees |
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27 |
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Principal Officers of the Trust |
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27 |
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Principal Shareholders, Control Persons and Management Ownership |
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30 |
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Investment Adviser and Subadviser |
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32 |
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Portfolio Manager |
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34 |
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Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures |
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35 |
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Fund Administrator, Fund Accountant, Transfer Agent and Custodian |
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35 |
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Distributor |
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36 |
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Distribution Plan |
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36 |
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Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |
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37 |
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DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE |
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37 |
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REDEMPTIONS |
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39 |
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Redemption In-Kind |
39 |
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Redemptions by Telephone |
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Receiving Payment |
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Anti-Money Laundering |
40 |
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EXCHANGE PRIVILEGE |
40 |
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SHAREHOLDER AND OTHER INFORMATION |
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DIVIDENDS, OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS AND TAXES |
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Dividends and Other Distributions |
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Taxes |
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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
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APPENDIX A |
A-1 |
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APPENDIX B |
B-1 |
THE HUNDREDFOLD FUNDS
Each of the Hundredfold Select Alternative Fund, the Hundredfold Global Perspective Fund, and the Hundredfold Equity Opportunity Fund (each a Fund, and together the Funds) is a diversified series of Northern Lights Fund Trust II, a Delaware statutory trust (the Trust) organized on August 26, 2010. Each Fund was organized on [____, 2011] to acquire all the assets of the Spectrum Alternative Fund, Spectrum Global perspective Fund, Spectrum Equity Opportunity Fund (each a Predecessor Fund and together a Predecessor Fund), a series of Direxion Funds, a Massachusetts business trust (the Predecessor Trust ), in a tax-free reorganization, effective [August 1], 2011 (the Reorganization).
The Trust is registered as an open-end management investment company. The Trust is governed by its Board of Trustees (the "Board" or "Trustees"). Each Fund may issue an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest. All shares of a Fund have equal rights and privileges. Each share of the Fund is entitled to one vote on all matters as to which shares are entitled to vote. In addition, each share of a Fund is entitled to participate equally with other shares (i) in dividends and distributions declared by the Fund and (ii) on liquidation to its proportionate share of the assets remaining after satisfaction of outstanding liabilities. Shares of the Funds are fully paid, non-assessable and fully transferable when issued and have no pre-emptive, conversion or exchange rights. Fractional shares have proportionately the same rights, including voting rights, as are provided for a full share.
The Fund is a diversified series of the Trust. The Fund's investment objective, restrictions and policies are more fully described here and in the Prospectus. The Board may add classes to and reclassify the shares of the Fund, start other series and offer shares of a new fund under the Trust at any time.
The Funds offer one class of shares: _Service Class shares. Each share class represents an interest in the same assets of a Fund, has the same rights and is identical in all material respects except that (i) each class of shares may be subject to different (or no) sales loads, (ii) each class of shares may bear different (or no) distribution fees; (iii) each class of shares may have different shareholder features, such as minimum investment amounts; (iv) certain other class-specific expenses will be borne solely by the class to which such expenses are attributable, including transfer agent fees attributable to a specific class of shares, printing and postage expenses related to preparing and distributing materials to current shareholders of a specific class, registration fees paid by a specific class of shares, the expenses of administrative personnel and services required to support the shareholders of a specific class, litigation or other legal expenses relating to a class of shares, Trustees' fees or expenses paid as a result of issues relating to a specific class of shares and accounting fees and expenses relating to a specific class of shares and (v) each class has exclusive voting rights with respect to matters relating to its own distribution arrangements. Each share of a Fund is entitled to one vote on all matters as to which shares are entitled to vote. In addition, each share of a Fund is entitled to participate equally with other shares on a class-specific basis (i) in dividends and distributions declared by the Fund and (ii) on liquidation to its proportionate share of the assets remaining after satisfaction of outstanding liabilities. Shares of the Funds are fully paid, non-assessable and fully transferable when issued and have no pre-emptive, conversion or exchange rights. Fractional shares have proportionately the same rights, including voting rights, as are provided for a full share.
Under the Trust's Agreement and Declaration of Trust, each Trustee will continue in office until the termination of the Trust or his/her earlier death, incapacity, resignation or removal. Shareholders can remove a Trustee to the extent provided by the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "1940 Act") and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. Vacancies may be filled by a majority of the remaining Trustees, except insofar as the 1940 Act may require the election by shareholders. As a result, normally no annual or regular meetings of shareholders will be held unless matters arise requiring a vote of shareholders under the Agreement and Declaration of Trust or the 1940 Act.
[________] (the Advisor) serves as the investment advisor to the Funds. Hundredfold Advisors LLC (the Subadvisors) serves as the investment subadvisor to the Funds.
INVESTMENT POLICIES AND TECHNIQUES
The Select Alternative Fund will primarily invest in a combination of equity and fixed-income securities, either directly or indirectly in such securities or through exchange-traded funds (ETFs), other investment companies and derivative instruments. The Global Perspective Fund will primarily invest in international equity and debt securities, including debt securities rated below investment grade, commonly referred to as junk bonds. The Equity Fund, under normal market conditions, will invest 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in equity securities or derivatives of such securities. Each Fund may engage in the investment strategies discussed below. There is no assurance that any of these strategies or any other strategies and methods of investment available to the Funds will result in the achievement of their objectives.
This section provides a detailed description of the securities in which a Fund may invest to achieve its investment objective, the strategies it may employ and the corresponding risks of such securities and strategies. The greatest risk of investing in a mutual fund is that its returns will fluctuate and you could lose money. Recent events in the financial sector have resulted, and may continue to result, in an unusually high degree of volatility in the financial markets. Both domestic and foreign equity markets could experience increased volatility and turmoil, with issuers that have exposure to the real estate, mortgage and credit markets particularly affected, and it is uncertain whether or for how long these conditions could continue. The U.S. Government has already taken a number of unprecedented actions designed to support certain financial institutions and segments of the financial markets that have experienced extreme volatility, and in some cases a lack of liquidity.
Reduced liquidity in equity, credit and fixed-income markets may adversely affect many issuers worldwide. This reduced liquidity may result in less money being available to purchase raw materials, goods and services from emerging markets, which may, in turn, bring down the prices of these economic staples. It also may result in emerging market issuers having more difficulty obtaining financing, which may, in turn, cause a decline in their stock prices. These events and possible continued market turbulence may have an adverse effect on the Funds.
American Depositary Receipts (ADRs)
The Funds may invest in ADRs and sell ADRs short. ADRs are U.S. dollar-denominated receipts representing interests in the securities of a foreign issuer, which securities may not necessarily be denominated in the same currency as the securities into which they may be converted. ADRs are receipts typically issued by U.S. banks and trust companies that evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by a foreign corporation. ADRs include ordinary shares and New York shares (shares issued by non-U.S. companies that are listed on a U.S. securities exchange). ADRs may be purchased through sponsored or unsponsored facilities. A sponsored facility is established jointly by the issuer of the underlying security and a depositary, whereas a depositary may establish an unsponsored facility without participation by the issuer of the depositary security. Holders of unsponsored depositary receipts generally bear all the costs of such facilities and the depositary of an unsponsored facility frequently is under no obligation to distribute shareholder communications received from the issuer of the deposited security or to pass through voting rights to the holders of such receipts of the deposited securities. ADRs are not necessarily denominated in the same currency as the underlying securities to which they may be connected. Generally, ADRs in registered form are designed for use in the U.S. securities market and ADRs in bearer form are designed for use outside the United States. For investment purposes, ADRs are not considered to be foreign securities by the Funds.
Asset-Backed Securities
The Funds may invest in asset-backed securities of any rating or maturity. Asset-backed securities are securities issued by trusts and special purpose entities that are backed by pools of assets, such as automobile and credit-card receivables and home equity loans, which pass through the payments on the underlying obligations to the security holders (less servicing fees paid to the originator or fees for any credit enhancement). Typically, the originator of the loan or accounts receivable paper transfers it to a specially created trust, which repackages it as securities with a minimum denomination and a specific term. The securities are then privately placed or publicly offered. Examples include certificates for automobile receivables and so-called plastic bonds, backed by credit card receivables.
The value of an asset-backed security is affected by, among other things, changes in the markets perception of the asset backing the security, the creditworthiness of the servicing agent for the loan pool, the originator of the loans and the financial institution providing any credit enhancement. Payments of principal and interest passed through to holders of asset-backed securities are frequently supported by some form of credit enhancement, such as a letter of credit, surety bond, limited guarantee by another entity or by having a priority to certain of the borrowers other assets. The degree of credit enhancement varies, and generally applies to only a portion of the asset-backed securitys par value. Value is also affected if any credit enhancement has been exhausted.
Bank Obligations
Money Market Instruments . The Funds may invest in bankers acceptances, certificates of deposit, demand and time deposits, savings shares and commercial paper of domestic banks and savings and loans that have assets of at least $1 billion and capital, surplus, and undivided profits of over $100 million as of the close of their most recent fiscal year, or instruments that are insured by the Bank Insurance Fund or the Savings Institution Insurance Fund of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). The Funds also may invest in high quality, short-term, corporate debt obligations, including variable rate demand notes, having a maturity of one year or less. Because there is no secondary trading market in demand notes, the inability of the issuer to make required payments could impact adversely a Funds ability to resell when it deems advisable to do so.
Bankers Acceptances . Bankers acceptances generally are negotiable instruments (time drafts) drawn to finance the export, import, domestic shipment or storage of goods. They are termed accepted when a bank writes on the draft its agreement to pay it at maturity, using the word accepted. The bank is, in effect, unconditionally guaranteeing to pay the face value of the instrument on its maturity date. The acceptance may then be held by the accepting bank as an asset, or it may be sold in the secondary market at the going rate of interest for a specified maturity.
Certificates of Deposit (CDs) . The FDIC is an agency of the U.S. government that insures the deposits of certain banks and savings and loan associations up to $250,000 per deposit. The interest on such deposits may not be insured to the extent this limit is exceeded. Current federal regulations also permit such institutions to issue insured negotiable CDs in amounts of $250,000 or more without regard to the interest rate ceilings on other deposits. To remain fully insured, these investments must be limited to $250,000 per insured bank or savings and loan association.
Commercial Paper . Commercial paper includes notes, drafts or similar instruments payable on demand or having a maturity at the time of issuance not exceeding nine months, exclusive of days of grace or any renewal thereof. The Funds may invest in commercial paper rated A-1 or A-2 by Standard and Poors 500 Composite Stock Index TM (S&P ® ) or Prime-1 or Prime-2 by Moodys Investors Service, Inc. (Moodys), and in other lower quality commercial paper.
Corporate Debt Securities
The Funds may invest in investment grade corporate debt securities. Investment grade corporate bonds are those rated BBB or better by S&P ® or Baa or better by Moodys. Securities rated BBB by S&P ® are considered investment grade, but Moodys considers securities rated Baa to have speculative characteristics. See Appendix A for a description of corporate bond ratings.
Corporate debt securities are fixed-income securities issued by businesses to finance their operations, although corporate debt instruments may also include bank loans to companies. Notes, bonds, debentures and commercial paper are the most common types of corporate debt securities, with the primary difference being their maturities and secured or un-secured status. Commercial paper has the shortest term and is usually unsecured.
The broad category of corporate debt securities includes debt issued by domestic or foreign companies of all kinds, including those with small-, mid- and large-capitalizations. Corporate debt may be rated investment-grade or below investment-grade and may carry variable or floating rates of interest.
Because of the wide range of types, and maturities, of corporate debt securities, as well as the range of creditworthiness of its issuers, corporate debt securities have widely varying potentials for return and risk profiles. For example, commercial paper issued by a large established domestic corporation that is rated investment-grade may have a modest return on principal, but carries relatively limited risk. On the other hand, a long-term corporate note issued by a small foreign corporation from an emerging market country that has not been rated may have the potential for relatively large returns on principal, but carries a relatively high degree of risk.
Corporate debt securities carry both credit risk and interest rate risk. Credit risk is the risk that a Fund could lose money if the issuer of a corporate debt security is unable to pay interest or repay principal when it is due. Some corporate debt securities that are rated below investment-grade are generally considered speculative because they present a greater risk of loss, including default, than higher quality debt securities. The credit risk of a particular issuers debt security may vary based on its priority for repayment. For example, higher ranking (senior) debt securities have a higher priority than lower ranking (subordinated) securities. This means that the issuer might not make payments on subordinated securities while continuing to make payments on senior securities. In addition, in the event of bankruptcy, holders of higher-ranking senior securities may receive amounts otherwise payable to the holders of more junior securities. Interest rate risk is the risk that the value of certain corporate debt securities will tend to fall when interest rates rise. In general, corporate debt securities with longer terms tend to fall more in value when interest rates rise than corporate debt securities with shorter terms.
Equity Securities
Common Stocks . The Funds may invest in common stocks. Common stocks represent the residual ownership interest in the issuer and are entitled to the income and increase in the value of the assets and business of the entity after all of its obligations and preferred stock are satisfied. Common stocks generally have voting rights. Common stocks fluctuate in price in response to many factors including historical and prospective earnings of the issuer, the value of its assets, general economic conditions, interest rates, investor perceptions and market liquidity.
Convertible Securities . The Funds may invest in convertible securities. Convertible securities include corporate bonds, notes and preferred stock that can be converted into or exchanged for a prescribed amount of common stock of the same or a different issue within a particular period of time at a specified price or formula. A convertible security entitles the holder to receive interest paid or accrued on debt or dividends paid on preferred stock until the convertible stock matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged. While no securities investment is without some risk, investments in convertible securities generally entail less risk than the issuers common stock, although the extent to which such risk is reduced depends in large measure upon the degree to which the convertible security sells above its value as a fixed income security. The market value of convertible securities tends to decline as interest rates increase and, conversely, to increase as interest rates decline. While convertible securities generally offer lower interest or dividend yields than nonconvertible debt securities of similar quality, they do enable the investor to benefit from increases in the market price of the underlying common stock. When investing in convertible securities, the Funds may invest in the lowest credit rating category.
Preferred Stock . The Funds may invest in preferred stock. A preferred stock blends the characteristics of a bond and common stock. It can offer the higher yield of a bond and has priority over common stock in equity ownership, but does not have the seniority of a bond and its participation in the issuers growth may be limited. Preferred stock has preference over common stock in the receipt of dividends and in any residual assets after payment to creditors if the issuer is dissolved. Although the dividend is set at a fixed annual rate, in some circumstances it can be changed or omitted by the issuer. When investing in preferred stocks, the Funds may invest in the lowest credit rating category.
Warrants and Rights . The Funds may purchase warrants and rights, which are instruments that permit a Fund to acquire, by subscription, the capital stock of a corporation at a set price, regardless of the market price for such stock. Warrants may be either perpetual or of limited duration, but they usually do not have voting rights or pay dividends. The market price of warrants is usually significantly less than the current price of the underlying stock. Thus, there is a greater risk that warrants might drop in value at a faster rate than the underlying stock.
Foreign Securities
The Funds may have both direct and indirect exposure to foreign securities through investments in stock index futures contracts, options on stock index futures contracts and options on securities and on stock indices. In most cases, the best available market for foreign securities will be on exchanges or in over-the-counter (OTC) markets located outside the United States.
Investing in foreign securities carries political and economic risks distinct from those associated with investing in the United States. Investments in foreign securities also involve the risk of possible adverse changes in investment or exchange control regulations, expropriation or confiscatory taxation, limitation on or delays in the removal of funds or other assets of a Fund, political or financial instability or diplomatic and other developments that could affect such investments. Foreign investments may be affected by actions of foreign governments adverse to the interests of U.S. investors, including the possibility of expropriation or nationalization of assets, confiscatory taxation, restrictions on U.S. investment or on the ability to repatriate assets or to convert currency into U.S. dollars. There may be a greater possibility of default by foreign governments or foreign-government sponsored enterprises. Investments in foreign countries also involve a risk of local political, economic or social instability, military action or unrest or adverse diplomatic developments.
Illiquid Investments and Restricted Securities
The Funds may purchase and hold illiquid investments. The Funds will not purchase or otherwise acquire any security if, as a result, more than 15% of its net assets (taken at current value) would be invested in investments that are illiquid by virtue of the absence of a readily available market or legal or contractual restrictions on resale. This policy does not include restricted securities eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (1933 Act), which the Trusts Board of Trustees (Board or Trustees) or Rafferty Asset Management, LLC (Rafferty), the Funds investment adviser, has determined under Board-approved guidelines are liquid. The Funds do not currently anticipate investing in such restricted securities.
The term illiquid investments for this purpose means investments that cannot be disposed of within seven days in the ordinary course of business at approximately the amount at which a Fund has valued the investments. Investments currently considered to be illiquid include: (1) repurchase agreements not terminable within seven days; (2) securities for which market quotations are not readily available; (3) OTC options and their underlying collateral; (4) bank deposits, unless they are payable at principal amount plus accrued interest on demand or within seven days after demand; (5) restricted securities not determined to be liquid pursuant to guidelines established by the Board; and (6) in certain circumstances, securities involved in swap, cap, floor or collar transactions. The assets used as cover for OTC options written by a Fund will be considered illiquid unless the OTC options are sold to qualified dealers who agree that a Fund may repurchase any OTC option it writes at a maximum price to be calculated by a formula set forth in the option agreement. The cover for an OTC option written subject to this procedure would be considered illiquid only to the extent that the maximum repurchase price under the formula exceeds the intrinsic value of the option.
A Fund may not be able to sell illiquid investments when Rafferty or Hundredfold Advisers LLC, (Hundredfold or Subadviser) considers it desirable to do so or may have to sell such investments at a price that is lower than the price that could be obtained if the investments were liquid. (Collectively, Rafferty and Hundredfold are referred to herein as Advisers in certain circumstances.) In addition, the sale of illiquid investments may require more time and result in higher dealer discounts and other selling expenses than does the sale of investments that are not illiquid. Illiquid investments also may be more difficult to value due to the unavailability of reliable market quotations for such investments, and investment in illiquid investments may have an adverse impact on NAV.
Rule 144A establishes a safe harbor from the registration requirements of the 1933 Act for resales of certain securities to qualified institutional buyers. Institutional markets for restricted securities that have developed as a result of Rule 144A provide both readily ascertainable values for certain restricted securities and the ability to liquidate an investment to satisfy share redemption orders. An insufficient number of qualified institutional buyers interested in purchasing Rule 144A-eligible securities held by a Fund, however, could affect adversely the marketability of such portfolio securities and a Fund may be unable to dispose of such securities promptly or at reasonable prices.
Indexed Securities
The Funds may purchase indexed securities, which are securities, the value of which varies positively or negatively in relation to the value of other securities, securities indices or other financial indicators, consistent with its investment objective. Indexed securities may be debt securities or deposits whose value at maturity or coupon rate is determined by reference to a specific instrument or statistic. Recent issuers of indexed securities have included banks, corporations and certain U.S. government agencies.
The performance of indexed securities depends to a great extent on the performance of the security or other instrument to which they are indexed and also may be influenced by interest rate changes in the United States and abroad. At the same time, indexed securities are subject to the credit risks associated with the issuer of the security, and their values may decline substantially if the issuers creditworthiness deteriorates. Indexed securities may be more volatile than the underlying instruments. Certain indexed securities that are not traded on an established market may be deemed illiquid. See Illiquid Investments and Restricted Securities above.
The Funds may invest in Standard & Poors Depositary Receipts ® (SPDRs ® ). SPDRs ® represent ownership in the SPDR Trust Series 1, a unit investment trust that holds a portfolio of common stocks designed to track the price performance and dividend yield of the Standard & Poors 500 Composite Stock Price Index TM (S&P 500 ® Index) and whose shares trade on the American Stock Exchange ® (AMEX ® ). The value of SPDRs ® fluctuates in relation to changes in the value of the underlying portfolio of common stocks. The market price of SPDRs ® , however, may not be equivalent to the pro rata value of the S&P 500 ® Index. SPDRs ® are subject to the risks of an investment in a broadly based portfolio of common stocks.
The Funds may invest in DIAMONDS ® . DIAMONDS ® represent an investment in a unit investment trust (DIAMONDS ® Trust) that owns shares in proportion to the weightings of the stocks comprising the Dow Jones Industrial Average ® (DJIA ® ). The DIAMONDS ® Trust is structured so that its shares trade at approximately 1/100 (one one-hundredth) of the value of the DJIA ® . The DIAMONDS ® Trusts shares trade on the AMEX ® . An investment in DIAMONDS ® is subject to risks similar to those of other diversified stock portfolios, including market volatility and that the general level of stock prices may decline. Although DIAMONDS ® are designed to provide investment results that generally correspond to the price and yield performance of the DJIA ® , the DIAMONDS ® Trust may not be able to exactly replicate the performance of the DJIA ® because of trust expenses and other factors.
The Funds may invest in NASDAQ-100 Index Tracking Stock ® , often referred to as QQQQs ® . QQQQs ® represent ownership in the NASDAQ-100 Trust, a unit investment trust that holds a portfolio of common stocks designed to track the price performance and dividend yield of the NASDAQ-100 Index ® (NASDAQ-100 ® ) and whose shares trade on the AMEX ® . The value of the QQQQs ® fluctuates in relation to changes in the value of the underlying portfolio of common stocks. The market price of QQQQs ® , however, may not be equivalent to the pro rata value of the NASDAQ-100 ® . QQQQs ® are subject to the risks of an investment in a broadly based portfolio of common stocks.
Investments in indexed securities, such as SPDRs ® , DIAMONDS ® and QQQQs ® , are considered investments in other investment companies discussed below.
The Funds may invest, instead of or in addition to these indexed securities, in shares of alternate ETFs tracking the same market indices or other market indices within the same general market.
Junk Bonds
The Funds may invest in lower-rated debt securities of any maturity, often called Junk Bonds.
Junk Bonds, generally offer a higher current yield than that available for higher-grade issues. However, lower-rated securities involve higher risks, in that they are especially subject to adverse changes in general economic conditions and in the industries in which the issuers are engaged, to changes in the financial condition of the issuers and to price fluctuations in response to changes in interest rates. During periods of economic downturn or rising interest rates, highly leveraged issuers may experience financial stress that could adversely affect their ability to make payments of interest and principal and increase the possibility of default. In addition, the market for lower-rated debt securities has expanded rapidly in recent years, and its growth paralleled a long economic expansion. At times in recent years, the prices of many lower-rated debt securities declined substantially, reflecting an expectation that many issuers of such securities might experience financial difficulties. As a result, the yields on lower-rated debt securities rose dramatically, but such higher yields did not reflect the value of the income stream that holders of such securities expected, but rather, the risk that holders of such securities could lose a substantial portion of their value as a result of the issuers financial restructuring or default. There can be no assurance that such declines will not recur.
The market for lower-rated debt securities generally is thinner and less active than that for higher quality securities, which may limit the Funds ability to sell such securities at fair value in response to changes in the economy or financial markets. Adverse publicity and investor perceptions, whether based on fundamental analysis, may also decrease the values and liquidity of lower-rated securities, especially in a thinly traded market.
Mortgage-Backed Securities
A mortgage-backed security is a type of pass-through security, which is a security representing pooled debt obligations repackaged as interests that pass income through an intermediary to investors. In the case of mortgage-backed securities, the ownership interest is in a pool of mortgage loans.
Mortgage-backed securities are most commonly issued or guaranteed by the Government National Mortgage Association (Ginnie Mae ® or GNMA), Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae © or FNMA) or Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac © or FHLMC), but may also be issued or guaranteed by other private issuers. GNMA is a government-owned corporation that is an agency of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. It guarantees, with the full faith and credit of the United States, full and timely payment of all monthly principal and interest on its mortgage-backed securities. FNMA is a publicly owned, government-sponsored corporation that mostly packages mortgaged backed by the Federal Housing Administration, but also sells some non-governmentally backed mortgages. Pass-through securities issued by FNMA are guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest only by FNMA. The FHLMC is a publicly chartered agency that buys qualifying residential mortgages from lenders, re-packages them and provide certain guarantees. The corporations stock is owned by savings institutions across the United States and is held in trust by the Federal Home Loan Bank System. Pass-through securities issued by the FHLMC are guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest only by the FHLMC.
Mortgage-backed securities issued by private issuers, whether such obligations are subject to guarantees by the private issuer, may entail greater risk than obligations directly or indirectly guaranteed by the U.S. government. The average life of a mortgage-backed security is likely to be substantially less than the original maturity of the mortgage pools underlying the securities. Prepayments of principal by mortgagors and mortgage foreclosures will usually result in the return of the greater part of principal invested far in advance of the maturity of the mortgages in the pool.
Collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs) are debt obligations collateralized by mortgage loans or mortgage pass-through securities (collateral collectively hereinafter referred to as Mortgage Assets). Multi-class pass-through securities are interests in a trust composed of Mortgage Assets and all references in this section to CMOs include multi-class pass-through securities. Principal prepayments on the Mortgage Assets may cause the CMOs to be retired substantially earlier than their stated maturities or final distribution dates, resulting in a loss of all or part of the premium if any has been paid. Interest is paid or accrued on all classes of the CMOs on a monthly, quarterly or semiannual basis. The principal and interest payments on the Mortgage Assets may be allocated among the various classes of CMOs in several ways. Typically, payments of principal, including any prepayments, on the underlying mortgages are applied to the classes in the order of their respective stated maturities or final distribution dates, so that no payment of principal is made on CMOs of a class until all CMOs of other classes having earlier stated maturities or final distribution dates have been paid in full.
Stripped mortgage-backed securities (SMBS) are derivative multi-class mortgage securities. A Fund will only invest in SMBS that are obligations backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. SMBS are usually structured with two classes that receive different proportions of the interest and principal distributions from a pool of mortgage assets. A Fund will only invest in SMBS whose mortgage assets are U.S. government obligations. A common type of SMBS will be structured so that one class receives some of the interest and most of the principal from the mortgage assets, while the other class receives most of the interest and the remainder of the principal. If the underlying mortgage assets experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the Fund may fail to fully recoup its initial investment in these securities. The market value of any class which consists primarily or entirely of principal payments generally is unusually volatile in response to changes in interest rates.
Investment in mortgage-backed securities poses several risks, including among others, prepayment, market and credit risk. Prepayment risk reflects the risk that borrowers may prepay their mortgages faster than expected, thereby affecting the investments average life and perhaps its yield. Whether a mortgage loan is prepaid is almost entirely controlled by the borrower. Borrowers are most likely to exercise prepayment options at the time when it is least advantageous to investors, generally prepaying mortgages as interest rates fall, and slowing payments as interest rates rise. Besides the effect of prevailing interest rates, the rate of prepayment and refinancing of mortgages may also be affected by home value appreciation, ease of the refinancing process and local economic conditions. Market risk reflects the risk that the price of a security may fluctuate over time. The price of mortgage-backed securities may be particularly sensitive to prevailing interest rates, the length of time the security is expected to be outstanding, and the liquidity of the issue. In a period of unstable interest rates, there may be decreased demand for certain types of mortgage-backed securities, and the Fund invested in such securities wishing to sell them may find it difficult to find a buyer for such securities, which may in turn decrease the price at which they may be sold. Credit risk reflects the risk that a Fund may not receive all or part of its principal because the issuer or credit enhancer has defaulted on its obligations. Obligations issued by U.S. government-related entities are guaranteed as to the payment of principal and interest, but are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. The performance of private label mortgage-backed securities, issued by private institutions, is based on the financial health of those institutions. With respect to GNMA certificates, although GNMA guarantees timely payment even if homeowners delay or default, tracking the pass-through payments may, at times, be difficult.
Options, Futures and Other Strategies
General . A Fund may use certain options (traded on an exchange or OTC, or otherwise), futures contracts (sometimes referred to as futures) and options on futures contracts (collectively, Financial Instruments) as a substitute for a comparable market position in the underlying security, to attempt to hedge or limit the exposure of a Funds position, to create a synthetic money market position, for certain tax-related purposes and to effect closing transactions.
The use of Financial Instruments is subject to applicable regulations of the SEC, the several exchanges upon which they are traded and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC). In addition, a Funds ability to use Financial Instruments will be limited by tax considerations. See Dividends, Other Distributions and Taxes. Pursuant to a claim for exemption filed with the National Futures Association on behalf of each Fund, each Fund is not deemed to be a commodity pool operator or a commodity pool under the Commodity Exchange Act and is not subject to registration or regulation as such under the Commodity Exchange Act.
In addition to the instruments, strategies and risks described below and in the Prospectus, the Advisers may discover additional opportunities in connection with Financial Instruments and other similar or related techniques. These new opportunities may become available as the Advisers develop new techniques, as regulatory authorities broaden the range of permitted transactions and as new Financial Instruments or other techniques are developed. The Advisers may utilize these opportunities to the extent that they are consistent with a Funds investment objective and permitted by a Funds investment limitations and applicable regulatory authorities. The Funds Prospectus or this SAI will be supplemented to the extent that new products or techniques involve materially different risks than those described below or in the Prospectus.
Special Risks . The use of Financial Instruments involves special considerations and risks, certain of which are described below. Risks pertaining to particular Financial Instruments are described in the sections that follow.
(1) Successful use of most Financial Instruments depends upon the Advisers ability to predict movements of the overall securities markets, which requires different skills than predicting changes in the prices of individual securities. The ordinary spreads between prices in the cash and futures markets, due to the differences in the natures of those markets, are subject to distortion. Due to the possibility of distortion, a correct forecast of stock market trends by the Advisers may still not result in a successful transaction. The Advisers may be incorrect in their expectations as to the extent of market movements or the time span within which the movements take place that, thus, may result in the strategy being unsuccessful.
(2) Options and futures prices can diverge from the prices of their underlying instruments. Options and futures prices are affected by such factors as current and anticipated short-term interest rates, changes in volatility of the underlying instrument and the time remaining until expiration of the contract, which may not affect security prices the same way. Imperfect or no correlation also may result from differing levels of demand in the options and futures markets and the securities markets, from structural differences in how options and futures and securities are traded, and from imposition of daily price fluctuation limits or trading halts.
(3) As described below, a Fund might be required to maintain assets as cover, maintain segregated accounts or make margin payments when it takes positions in Financial Instruments involving obligations to third parties ( e.g. , Financial Instruments other than purchased options). If a Fund was unable to close out its positions in such Financial Instruments, it might be required to continue to maintain such assets or accounts or make such payments until the position expired or matured. These requirements might impair a Funds ability to sell a portfolio security or make an investment at a time when it would otherwise be favorable to do so, or require that a Fund sell a portfolio security at a disadvantageous time. A Funds ability to close out a position in a Financial Instrument prior to expiration or maturity depends on the existence of a liquid secondary market or, in the absence of such a market, the ability and willingness of the other party to the transaction (the counterparty) to enter into a transaction closing out the position. Therefore, there is no assurance that any position can be closed out at a time and price that is favorable to a Fund.
(4) Losses may arise due to unanticipated market price movements, lack of a liquid secondary market for any particular instrument at a particular time or due to losses from premiums paid by a Fund on options transactions.
Cover . Transactions using Financial Instruments, other than purchased options, expose a Fund to an obligation to another party. The Fund will not enter into any such transactions unless it owns either (1) an offsetting (covered) position in securities or other options or futures contracts or (2) cash and liquid assets with a value, marked-to-market daily, sufficient to cover its potential obligations to the extent not covered as provided in (1) above. A Fund will comply with SEC guidelines regarding cover for these instruments and will, if the guidelines so require, set aside cash or liquid assets in an account with its custodian, U.S. Bank, N.A. (Custodian), in the prescribed amount as determined daily.
Assets used as cover or held in an account cannot be sold while the position in the corresponding Financial Instrument is open, unless they are replaced with other appropriate assets. As a result, the commitment of a large portion of a Funds assets to cover or accounts could impede portfolio management or a Funds ability to meet redemption requests or other current obligations.
Options . The value of an option position will reflect, among other things, the current market value of the underlying investment, the time remaining until expiration, the relationship of the exercise price to the market price of the underlying investment and general market conditions. Options that expire unexercised have no value. Options currently are traded on the Chicago Board Options Exchange ® (CBOE ® ), the AMEX ® and other exchanges, as well as the OTC markets.
By buying a call option on a security, a Fund has the right, in return for the premium paid, to buy the security underlying the option at the exercise price. By writing (selling) a call option and receiving a premium, a Fund becomes obligated during the term of the option to deliver securities underlying the option at the exercise price if the option is exercised. By buying a put option, a Fund has the right, in return for the premium, to sell the security underlying the option at the exercise price. By writing a put option, a Fund becomes obligated during the term of the option to purchase the securities underlying the option at the exercise price.
Because options premiums paid or received by a Fund are small in relation to the market value of the investments underlying the options, buying and selling put and call options can be more speculative than investing directly in securities.
A Fund may effectively terminate its right or obligation under an option by entering into a closing transaction. For example, a Fund may terminate its obligation under a call or put option that it had written by purchasing an identical call or put option; this is known as a closing purchase transaction. Conversely, a Fund may terminate a position in a put or call option it had purchased by writing an identical put or call option; this is known as a closing sale transaction. Closing transactions permit a Fund to realize profits or limit losses on an option position prior to its exercise or expiration.
Risks of Options on Securities . Exchange-traded options in the United States are issued by a clearing organization affiliated with the exchange on which the option is listed that, in effect, guarantees completion of every exchange-traded option transaction. In contrast, OTC options are contracts between a Fund and its counterparty (usually a securities dealer or a bank) with no clearing organization guarantee. Thus, when a Fund purchases an OTC option, it relies on the counterparty from whom it purchased the option to make or take delivery of the underlying investment upon exercise of the option. Failure by the counterparty to do so would result in the loss of any premium paid by the Fund as well as the loss of any expected benefit of the transaction.
A Funds ability to establish and close out positions in exchange-traded options depends on the existence of a liquid market. However, there can be no assurance that such a market will exist at any particular time. Closing transactions can be made for OTC options only by negotiating directly with the counterparty, or by a transaction in the secondary market if any such market exists. There can be no assurance that the Fund will in fact be able to close out an OTC option position at a favorable price prior to expiration. In the event of insolvency of the counterparty, a Fund might be unable to close out an OTC option position at any time prior to its expiration.
If a Fund were unable to effect a closing transaction for an option it had purchased, it would have to exercise the option to realize any profit. The inability to enter into a closing purchase transaction for a covered call option written by a Fund could cause material losses because the Fund would be unable to sell the investment used as cover for the written option until the option expires or is exercised.
Options on Indices . An index fluctuates with changes in the market values of the securities included in the index. Options on indices give the holder the right to receive an amount of cash upon exercise of the option. Receipt of this cash amount will depend upon the closing level of the index upon which the option is based being greater than (in the case of a call) or less than (in the case of a put) the exercise price of the option. Some stock index options are based on a broad market index such as the S&P 500 ® Index, the NYSE Composite Index or the AMEX Major Market Index, or on a narrower index such as the Philadelphia Stock Exchange Over-the-Counter Index.
Each of the exchanges have established limitations governing the maximum number of call or put options on the same index that may be bought or written by a single investor, whether acting alone or in concert with others (regardless of whether such options are written on the same or different exchanges or are held or written on one or more accounts or through one or more brokers). Under these limitations, option positions of all investment companies advised by Rafferty are combined for purposes of these limits. Pursuant to these limitations, an exchange may order the liquidation of positions and may impose other sanctions or restrictions. These positions limits may restrict the number of listed options that a Fund may buy or sell.
Puts and calls on indices are similar to puts and calls on securities or futures contracts except that all settlements are in cash and gain or loss depends on changes in the index in question rather than on price movements in individual securities or futures contracts. When a Fund writes a call on an index, it receives a premium and agrees that, prior to the expiration date, the purchaser of the call, upon exercise of the call, will receive from the Fund an amount of cash if the closing level of the index upon which the call is based is greater than the exercise price of the call. The amount of cash is equal to the difference between the closing price of the index and the exercise price of the call times a specified multiple (multiplier), which determines the total value for the point of such difference. When a Fund buys a call on an index, it pays a premium and has the same rights to such call as are indicated above. When a Fund buys a put on an index, it pays a premium and has the right, prior to the expiration date, to require the seller of the put, upon a Funds exercise of the put, to deliver to the Fund an amount of cash if the closing level of the index upon which the put is based is less than the exercise price of the put, which amount of cash is determined by the multiplier, as described above for calls. When a Fund writes a put on an index, it receives a premium and the purchaser of the put has the right, prior to the expiration date, to require the Fund to deliver to it an amount of cash equal to the difference between the closing level of the index and the exercise price times the multiplier if the closing level is less than the exercise price.
Risks of Options on Indices . If a Fund has purchased an index option and exercises it before the closing index value for that day is available, it runs the risk that the level of the underlying index may subsequently change. If such a change causes the exercised option to fall out-of-the-money, the Fund will be required to pay the difference between the closing index value and the exercise price of the option (times the applicable multiplier) to the assigned writer.
OTC Options . Unlike exchange-traded options, which are standardized with respect to the underlying instrument, expiration date, contract size and strike price, the terms of OTC options (options not traded on exchanges) generally are established through negotiation with the other party to the option contract. While this type of arrangement allows a Fund great flexibility to tailor the option to its needs, OTC options generally involve greater risk than exchange-traded options, which are guaranteed by the clearing organization of the exchanges where they are traded.
Futures Contracts and Options on Futures Contracts . A futures contract obligates the seller to deliver (and the purchaser to take delivery of) the specified security on the expiration date of the contract. An index futures contract obligates the seller to deliver (and the purchaser to take) an amount of cash equal to a specific dollar amount times the difference between the value of a specific index at the close of the last trading day of the contract and the price at which the agreement is made. No physical delivery of the underlying securities in the index is made.
When a Fund writes an option on a futures contract, it becomes obligated, in return for the premium paid, to assume a position in the futures contract at a specified exercise price at any time during the term of the option. If a Fund writes a call, it assumes a short futures position. If it writes a put, it assumes a long futures position. When a Fund purchases an option on a futures contract, it acquires the right in return for the premium it pays to assume a position in a futures contract (a long position if the option is a call and a short position if the option is a put).
Whether a Fund realizes a gain or loss from futures activities depends upon movements in the underlying security or index. The extent of a Funds loss from an unhedged short position in futures contracts or from writing unhedged call options on futures contracts is potentially unlimited. A Fund only purchases and sells futures contracts and options on futures contracts that are traded on a U.S. exchange or board of trade.
No price is paid upon entering into a futures contract. Instead, at the inception of a futures contract a Fund is required to deposit initial margin in an amount generally equal to 10% or less of the contract value. Margin also must be deposited when writing a call or put option on a futures contract, in accordance with applicable exchange rules. Unlike margin in securities transactions, initial margin does not represent a borrowing, but rather is in the nature of a performance bond or good-faith deposit that is returned to a Fund at the termination of the transaction if all contractual obligations have been satisfied. Under certain circumstances, such as periods of high volatility, a Fund may be required by an exchange to increase the level of its initial margin payment, and initial margin requirements might be increased generally in the future by regulatory action.
Subsequent variation margin payments are made to and from the futures commission merchant daily as the value of the futures position varies, a process known as marking-to-market. Variation margin does not involve borrowing, but rather represents a daily settlement of a Funds obligations to or from a futures commission merchant. When a Fund purchases an option on a futures contract, the premium paid plus transaction costs is all that is at risk. In contrast, when a Fund purchases or sells a futures contract or writes a call or put option thereon, it is subject to daily variation margin calls that could be substantial in the event of adverse price movements. If a Fund has insufficient cash to meet daily variation margin requirements, it might need to sell securities at a time when such sales are disadvantageous.
Purchasers and sellers of futures contracts and options on futures can enter into offsetting closing transactions, similar to closing transactions in options, by selling or purchasing, respectively, an instrument identical to the instrument purchased or sold. Positions in futures and options on futures contracts may be closed only on an exchange or board of trade that provides a secondary market. However, there can be no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for a particular contract at a particular time. In such event, it may not be possible to close a futures contract or options position.
Under certain circumstances, futures exchanges may establish daily limits on the amount that the price of a futures contract or an option on a futures contract can vary from the previous days settlement price; once that limit is reached, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond the limit. Daily price limits do not limit potential losses because prices could move to the daily limit for several consecutive days with little or no trading, thereby preventing liquidation of unfavorable positions.
If a Fund were unable to liquidate a futures contract or an option on a futures position due to the absence of a liquid secondary market or the imposition of price limits, it could incur substantial losses. A Fund would continue to be subject to market risk with respect to the position. In addition, except in the case of purchased options, a Fund would continue to be required to make daily variation margin payments and might be required to maintain cash or liquid assets in an account.
Risks of Futures Contracts and Options Thereon . The ordinary spreads between prices in the cash and futures markets (including the options on futures markets), due to differences in the natures of those markets, are subject to the following factors, which may create distortions. First, all participants in the futures market are subject to margin deposit and maintenance requirements. Rather than meeting additional margin deposit requirements, investors may close futures contracts through offsetting transactions, which could distort the normal relationships between the cash and futures markets. Second, the liquidity of the futures market depends on participants entering into offsetting transactions rather than making or taking delivery. To the extent participants decide to make or take delivery, liquidity in the futures market could be reduced, thus producing distortion. Third, from the point of view of speculators, the deposit requirements in the futures market are less onerous than margin requirements in the securities market. Therefore, increased participation by speculators in the futures market may cause temporary price distortions.
Combined Positions . A Fund may purchase and write options in combination with each other. For example, a Fund may purchase a put option and write a call option on the same underlying instrument, in order to construct a combined position whose risk and return characteristics are similar to selling a futures contract. Another possible combined position would involve writing a call option at one strike price and buying a call option at a lower price, in order to reduce the risk of the written call option in the event of a substantial price increase. Because combined options positions involve multiple trades, they result in higher transaction costs and may be more difficult to open and close out.
Other Investment Companies
The Funds may invest in the securities of other investment companies to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act and relevant SEC guidelines or rules. Investments in the securities of other investment companies may involve duplication of advisory fees and certain other expenses. By investing in another investment company, the Funds become a shareholder of that investment company. As a result, Fund shareholders indirectly will bear the Funds proportionate share of the fees and expenses paid by shareholders of the other investment company, in addition to the fees and expenses Fund shareholders directly bear in connection with the Funds own operations.
Each Fund intends to limit its investments in securities issued by other investment companies in accordance with the 1940 Act. Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act precludes a Fund from acquiring (i) more than 3% of the total outstanding shares of another investment company; (ii) shares of another investment company having an aggregate value in excess of 5% of the value of the total assets of the Fund; or (iii) shares of another registered investment company and all other investment companies having an aggregate value in excess of 10% of the value of the total assets of the Fund. However, Section 12(d)(1)(F) of the 1940 Act provides that the provisions of paragraph 12(d) shall not apply to securities purchased or otherwise acquired by a Fund if (i) immediately after such purchase or acquisition not more than 3% of the total outstanding shares of such investment company is owned by the Fund and all affiliated persons of the Fund; and (ii) the Fund has not offered or sold, and is not proposing to offer or sell its shares through a principal underwriter or otherwise at a public or offering price that includes a sales load of more than 1 1/2%.
If a Fund invests in investment companies pursuant to Section 12(d)(1)(F), it must comply with the following voting restrictions: when the Fund exercises voting rights, by proxy or otherwise, with respect to investment companies owned by the Fund, the Fund will either seek instruction from the Funds shareholders with regard to the voting of all proxies and vote in accordance with such instructions, or vote the shares held by the Fund proportionate to the vote of all other holders of such security. In addition, an investment company purchased by the Fund pursuant to Section 12(d)(1)(F) shall not be required to redeem its shares in an amount exceeding 1% of such investment companys total outstanding shares in any period of less than thirty days.
Repurchase Agreements
A Fund may enter into repurchase agreements with banks that are members of the Federal Reserve System or securities dealers that are members of a national securities exchange or are primary dealers in U.S. government securities. Repurchase agreements generally are for a short period of time, usually less than a week. Under a repurchase agreement, a Fund purchases a U.S. government security and simultaneously agrees to sell the security back to the seller at a mutually agreed-upon future price and date, normally one day or a few days later. The resale price is greater than the purchase price, reflecting an agreed-upon market interest rate during a Funds holding period. While the maturities of the underlying securities in repurchase agreement transactions may be more than one year, the term of each repurchase agreement always will be less than one year. Repurchase agreements with a maturity of more than seven days are considered to be illiquid investments. A Fund may not enter into such a repurchase agreement if, as a result, more than 15% of the value of its net assets would then be invested in such repurchase agreements and other illiquid investments. See Illiquid Investments and Restricted Securities above.
A Fund will always receive, as collateral, securities whose market value, including accrued interest, at all times will be at least equal to 100% of the dollar amount invested by the Fund in each repurchase agreement. In the event of default or bankruptcy by the seller, the Fund will liquidate those securities (whose market value, including accrued interest, must be at least 100% of the amount invested by the Fund) held under the applicable repurchase agreement, which securities constitute collateral for the sellers obligation to repurchase the security. If the seller defaults, the Fund might incur a loss if the value of the collateral securing the repurchase agreement declines and might incur disposition costs in connection with liquidating the collateral. In addition, if bankruptcy or similar proceedings are commenced with respect to the seller of the security, realization upon the collateral by the Fund may be delayed or limited.
Reverse Repurchase Agreements
The Funds may borrow by entering into reverse repurchase agreements with the same parties with whom it may enter into repurchase agreements. Under a reverse repurchase agreement, a Fund sells securities and agrees to repurchase them at a mutually agreed to price. At the time a Fund enters into a reverse repurchase agreement, it will establish and maintain a segregated account with an approved custodian containing liquid high-grade securities, marked-to-market daily, having a value not less than the repurchase price (including accrued interest). Reverse repurchase agreements involve the risk that the market value of securities retained in lieu of sale by a Fund may decline below the price of the securities the Fund has sold but is obliged to repurchase. If the buyer of securities under a reverse repurchase agreement files for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent, such buyer or its trustee or receiver may receive an extension of time to determine whether to enforce a Funds obligation to repurchase the securities. During that time, a Funds use of the proceeds of the reverse repurchase agreement effectively may be restricted. Reverse repurchase agreements create leverage, a speculative factor, and are considered borrowings for the purpose of a Funds limitation on borrowing
.
Short Sales
The Funds may engage in short sale transactions under which a Fund sells a security it does not own. To complete such a transaction, a Fund must borrow the security to make delivery to the buyer. A Fund is then obligated to replace the security borrowed by purchasing the security at the market price at the time of replacement. The price at such time may be more or less than the price at which the security was sold by the Fund. Until the security is replaced, the Fund is required to pay to the lender amounts equal to any dividends that accrue during the period of the loan. The proceeds of the short sale will be retained by the broker, to the extent necessary to meet the margin requirements, until the short position is closed out.
Until a Fund closes its short position or replaces the borrowed stock, the Fund will: (1) maintain an account containing cash or liquid assets at such a level that (a) the amount deposited in the account plus the amount deposited with the broker as collateral will equal the current value of the stock sold short and (b) the amount deposited in the account plus the amount deposited with the broker as collateral will not be less than the market value of the stock at the time the stock was sold short; or (2) otherwise cover the Funds short position.
Swap Agreements
The Funds may enter into swap agreements. Swap agreements are two-party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging from a day to more than one year. In a standard swap transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on particular predetermined investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or swapped between the parties are calculated with respect to a notional amount, i.e. , the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount invested in a basket of securities representing a particular index.
Most swap agreements entered into by a Fund calculate the obligations of the parties to the agreement on a net basis. Consequently, a Funds current obligations (or rights) under a swap agreement will generally be equal only to the net amount to be paid or received under the agreement based on the relative values of the positions held by each party to the agreement (the net amount). Payments may be made at the conclusion of a swap agreement or periodically during its term.
Swap agreements do not involve the delivery of securities or other underlying assets. Accordingly, if a swap is entered into on a net basis, if the other party to a swap agreement defaults, a Funds risk of loss consists of the net amount of payments that such Fund is contractually entitled to receive, if any.
The net amount of the excess, if any, of a Funds obligations over its entitlements with respect to a swap agreement entered into on a net basis will be accrued daily and an amount of cash or liquid asset having an aggregate NAV at least equal to the accrued excess will be maintained in an account with the Custodian that satisfies the 1940 Act. A Fund will also establish and maintain such accounts with respect to its total obligations under any swaps that are not entered into on a net basis. Obligations under swap agreements so covered will not be construed to be senior securities for purposes of a Funds investment restriction concerning senior securities.
Because they are two-party contracts and because they may have terms of greater than seven days, swap agreements may be considered to be illiquid for a Funds illiquid investment limitations. A Fund will not enter into any swap agreement unless Rafferty or the subadviser believes that the other party to the transaction is creditworthy. A Fund bears the risk of loss of the amount expected to be received under a swap agreement in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a swap agreement counterparty.
A Fund may enter into a swap agreement in circumstances where Rafferty or the Subadviser believes that it may be more cost effective or practical than buying the underlying securities or a futures contract or an option on such securities. The counterparty to any swap agreement will typically be a bank, investment banking firm or broker/dealer. The counterparty will generally agree to pay the Fund the amount, if any, by which the notional amount of the swap agreement would have increased in value had it been invested in the particular stocks represented in the index, plus the dividends that would have been received on those stocks. A Fund will agree to pay to the counterparty a floating rate of interest on the notional amount of the swap agreement plus the amount, if any, by which the notional amount would have decreased in value had it been invested in such stocks. Therefore, the return to a Fund on any swap agreement should be the gain or loss on the notional amount plus dividends on the stocks less the interest paid by a Fund on the notional amount.
The swap market has grown substantially in recent years with a large number of banks and investment banking firms acting both as principals and as agents utilizing standardized swap documentation. As a result, the swap market has become relatively liquid in comparison with the markets for other similar instruments that are traded in the OTC market. Rafferty, under the supervision of the Board, is responsible for determining and monitoring the liquidity of Fund transactions in swap agreements.
The use of equity swaps is a highly specialized activity that involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions.
U.S. Government Securities
The Funds may invest in securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities (U.S. government securities) in pursuit of their investment objectives, in order to deposit such securities as initial or variation margin, as cover for the investment techniques they employ, as part of a cash reserve and for liquidity purposes.
U.S. government securities are high-quality instruments issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by the U.S. Treasury or by an agency or instrumentality of the U.S. government. Not all U.S. government securities are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. Some are backed by the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury; others are backed by discretionary authority of the U.S. government to purchase the agencies obligations; while others are supported only by the credit of the instrumentality. In the case of securities not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States, the investor must look principally to the agency issuing or guaranteeing the obligation for ultimate repayment.
U.S. government securities include Treasury Bills (which mature within one year of the date they are issued), Treasury Notes (which have maturities of one to ten years) and Treasury Bonds (which generally have maturities of more than 10 years). All such Treasury securities are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States.
U.S. government agencies and instrumentalities that issue or guarantee securities include the Federal Housing Administration, Fannie Mae © , the Farmers Home Administration, the Export-Import Bank of the United States, the Small Business Administration, Ginnie Mae ® , the General Services Administration, the Central Bank for Cooperatives, the Federal Home Loan Banks, Freddie Mac © , the Farm Credit Banks, the Maritime Administration, the Tennessee Valley Authority, the Resolution Funding Corporation and the Student Loan Marketing Association (Sallie Mae © ).
Certain U.S. government debt securities, such as securities of the Federal Home Loan Banks, are supported by the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury. Others, such as securities issued by the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae © ) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac © ), are supported only by the credit of the corporation. In the case of securities not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States, a fund must look principally to the agency issuing or guaranteeing the obligation in the event the agency or instrumentality does not meet its commitments. The U.S. government may choose not to provide financial support to GSEs or instrumentalities if it is not legally obligated to do so. A fund will invest in securities of such instrumentalities only when the Adviser is satisfied that the credit risk with respect to any such instrumentality is comparatively minimal.
Yields on short-, intermediate- and long-term U.S. government securities are dependent on a variety of factors, including the general conditions of the money and bond markets, the size of a particular offering and the maturity of the obligation. Debt securities with longer maturities tend to produce higher capital appreciation and depreciation than obligations with shorter maturities and lower yields. The market value of U.S. government securities generally varies inversely with changes in the market interest rates. An increase in interest rates, therefore, generally would reduce the market value of a Funds portfolio investments in U.S. government securities, while a decline in interest rates generally would increase the market value of the Funds portfolio investments in these securities.
Zero-Coupon Securities
The Funds may invest in zero-coupon bonds of any rating or maturity.
Zero-coupon securities make no periodic interest payments, but are sold at a deep discount from their face value. The buyer recognizes a rate of return determined by the gradual appreciation of the security, which is redeemed at face value on a specified maturity date. The discount varies depending on the time remaining until maturity, as well as market interest rates, liquidity of the security, and the issuers perceived credit quality. If the issuer defaults, the Funds may not receive any return on its investment. Because zero-coupon securities bear no interest and compound semiannually at the rate fixed at the time of issuance, their value generally is more volatile than the value of other fixed-income securities. Since zero-coupon bondholders do not receive interest payments, when interest rates rise, zero-coupon securities fall more dramatically in value than bonds paying interest on a current basis. When interest rates fall, zero-coupon securities rise more rapidly in value because the bonds reflect a fixed rate of return. An investment in zero-coupon and delayed interest securities may cause a Fund to recognize income and make distributions to shareholders before it receives any cash payments on its investment.
Other Investment Risks and Practices
Borrowing . The Funds may borrow money for investment purposes, which is a form of leveraging. Leveraging investments, by purchasing securities with borrowed money, is a speculative technique that increases investment risk while increasing investment opportunity. Leverage will magnify changes in a Funds NAV and on its investments. Although the principal of such borrowings will be fixed, a Funds assets may change in value during the time the borrowing is outstanding. Leverage also creates interest expenses for a Fund. To the extent the income derived from securities purchased with borrowed funds exceeds the interest a Fund will have to pay, the Funds net income will be greater than it would be if leverage were not used. Conversely, if the income from the assets obtained with borrowed funds is not sufficient to cover the cost of leveraging, the net income of a Fund will be less than it would be if leverage were not used, and therefore the amount available for distribution to shareholders as dividends will be reduced. The use of derivatives in connection with leverage creates the potential for significant loss.
A Fund may borrow money to facilitate management of the Funds portfolio by enabling the Fund to meet redemption requests when the liquidation of portfolio instruments would be inconvenient or disadvantageous. Such borrowing is not for investment purposes and will be repaid promptly.
As required by the 1940 Act, a Fund must maintain continuous asset coverage (total assets, including assets acquired with borrowed funds, less liabilities exclusive of borrowings) of 300% of all amounts borrowed. If at any time the value of the required asset coverage declines as a result of market fluctuations or other reasons, a Fund may be required to sell some of its portfolio investments within three days to reduce the amount of its borrowings and restore the 300% asset coverage, even though it may be disadvantageous from an investment standpoint to sell portfolio instruments at that time.
In addition to the foregoing, a Fund may borrow money from a bank as a temporary measure for extraordinary or emergency purposes in amounts not in excess of 5% of the value of its total assets. This borrowing is not subject to the foregoing 300% asset coverage requirement. A Fund may pledge portfolio securities as Rafferty deems appropriate in connection with any borrowings.
Lending Portfolio Securities . A Fund may lend portfolio securities with a value not exceeding 33 1/3% of its total assets to brokers, dealers, and financial institutions. Borrowers are required continuously to secure their obligations to return securities on loan from a Fund by depositing any combination of short-term government securities and cash as collateral with a Fund. The collateral must be equal to at least 100% of the market value of the loaned securities, which will be marked to market daily. While a Funds portfolio securities are on loan, the Fund continues to receive interest on the securities loaned and simultaneously earns either interest on the investment of the collateral or fee income if the loan is otherwise collateralized. A Fund may invest the interest received and the collateral, thereby earning additional income. Loans would be subject to termination by the lending Fund on four-business days notice or by the borrower on one-day notice. Borrowed securities must be returned when the loan is terminated. Any gain or loss in the market price of the borrowed securities that occurs during the term of the loan inures to the lending Fund and its shareholders. A lending Fund may pay reasonable finders, borrowers, administrative and custodial fees in connection with a loan. The Funds currently have no intention of lending their portfolio securities.
Portfolio Turnover . The Trust anticipates that the Funds will have very high portfolio turnover due to the active management of its portfolio. A Funds portfolio turnover rate is calculated by the lesser of the value of the securities purchased or securities sold, excluding all securities whose maturities at the time of acquisition were one year or less, divided by the average monthly value of such securities owned during the year. Based on this calculation, instruments with remaining maturities of less than one year are excluded from the portfolio turnover rate. Such instruments generally would include futures contracts and options, since such contracts generally have a remaining maturity of less than one year. In any given period, all of a Funds investments may have a remaining maturity of less than one year; in which case, the portfolio turnover rate for that period would be equal to zero. However, a Funds portfolio turnover rate calculated with all securities whose maturities were one year or less is anticipated to be unusually high.
High portfolio turnover involves correspondingly greater expenses to a Fund, including brokerage commissions or dealer mark-ups and other transaction costs on the sale of securities and reinvestments in other securities. Such sales also may result in adverse tax consequences to a Funds shareholders from the Funds distributions to them of any net capital gains recognized as a result of the sales. The trading costs and tax effects associated with portfolio turnover may adversely affect a Funds after-tax performance.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
In addition to the investment policies and limitations described above and described in the Prospectus, the Trust, on behalf of each Fund has adopted the following investment limitations, which are fundamental policies and may not be changed without the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of a Fund. Under the 1940 Act, a vote of the majority of the outstanding voting securities of a Fund means the affirmative vote of the lesser of: (1) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of a Fund; or (2) 67% or more of the shares of a Fund present at a shareholders meeting if more than 50% of the outstanding shares are represented at the meeting in person or by proxy.
For purposes of the following limitations, all percentage limitations apply immediately after a purchase or initial investment. Except with respect to borrowing money, if a percentage limitation is adhered to at the time of the investment, a later increase or decrease in the percentage resulting from any change in value or net assets will not result in a violation of such restrictions. If at any time a Funds borrowings exceed its limitations due to a decline in net assets, such borrowings will be reduced promptly to the extent necessary to comply with the limitation.
A Fund shall not:
1. Lend any security or make any other loan if, as a result, more than 33 1/3% of the value of the Funds total assets would be lent to other parties, except (1) through the purchase of a portion of an issue of debt securities in accordance with the Funds investment objective; policies and limitations; or (2) by engaging in repurchase agreements with respect to portfolio securities.
2. Underwrite securities of any other issuer.
3. Purchase, hold, or deal in real estate or oil and gas interests.
4. Issue any senior security (as such term is defined in Section 18(f) of the 1940 Act) (including the amount of senior securities issued by excluding liabilities and indebtedness not constituting senior securities), except: (1) that the Fund may issue senior securities in connection with transactions in options, futures, options on futures and forward contracts, swaps, caps, floors, collars and other similar investments; (2) as otherwise permitted herein and in Investment Limitations Nos. 5 and 7; and (3) the Fund may make short sales of securities.
5. Pledge, mortgage, or hypothecate the Funds assets, except (1) to the extent necessary to secure permitted borrowings; (2) in connection with the purchase of securities on a forward-commitment or delayed-delivery basis or the sale of securities on a delayed-delivery basis; and (3) in connection with options, futures contracts, options on futures contracts, forward contracts, swaps, caps, floors, collars and other financial instruments.
6. Invest in physical commodities, except that the Fund may purchase and sell foreign currency, options, futures contracts, options on futures contracts, forward contracts, swaps, caps, floors, collars, securities on a forward-commitment or delayed-delivery basis, and other financial instruments.
7. Borrow money, except (1) to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act (which currently limits borrowing to no more than 33 1/3% of the value of the Funds total assets); (2) as a temporary measure and then only in amounts not to exceed 5% of the value of the Funds total assets; (3) to enter into reverse repurchase agreements; and (4) to lend portfolio securities. For purposes of this investment limitation, the purchase or sale of options, futures contracts, options on futures contracts, forward contracts, swaps, caps, floors, collars and other financial instruments shall not constitute borrowing.
8. Invest more than 25% of the value of its total assets in the securities of issuers in any single industry, provided that there shall be no limitation on the purchase of obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities.
The Funds have adopted the following fundamental investment policy that enables them to invest in another investment company or series thereof:
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE
Subject to the general supervision by the Board, Advisors Preferred LLC and/or the Subadviser, as applicable, are responsible for decisions to buy and sell securities for the Funds, the selection of broker-dealers to effect the transactions, and the negotiation of brokerage commissions, if any. Advisors Preferred LLC expects that the Funds may execute brokerage or other agency transactions through registered broker-dealers, for a commission, in conformity with the 1940 Act, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder. There is generally no stated commission in the case of fixed income securities, which are commonly traded in the OTC market, but the price paid by the Fund usually includes an undisclosed dealer commission or mark-up.
When selecting a broker or dealer to execute portfolio transactions, Advisors Preferred LLC considers many factors, including the rate of commission or the size of the broker-dealers spread, the size and difficulty of the order, the nature of the market for the security, operational capabilities of the broker-dealer and the research, statistical and economic data furnished by the broker-dealer to Advisors Preferred LLC and/or Subadviser.
In effecting portfolio transactions for the Funds, Advisors Preferred LLC seeks to receive the closing prices of securities that are in line with those of the securities included in the applicable index and seeks to execute trades of such securities at the lowest commission rate reasonably available. With respect to agency transactions, Advisors Preferred LLC may execute trades at a higher rate of commission if reasonable in relation to brokerage and research services provided to the Funds or Advisors Preferred LLC. Such services may include the following: information as to the availability of securities for purchase or sale; statistical or factual information or opinions pertaining to investment; wire services; and appraisals or evaluations of portfolio securities. The Funds believe that the requirement always to seek the lowest possible commission cost could impede effective portfolio management and preclude the Funds, Advisors Preferred LLC and/or the Funds Subadviser, as applicable, from obtaining a high quality of brokerage and research services. In seeking to determine the reasonableness of brokerage commissions paid in any transaction, Advisors Preferred LLC relies upon its experience and knowledge regarding commissions generally charged by various brokers and on its judgment in evaluating the brokerage and research services received from the broker effecting the transaction.
Advisors Preferred LLC and/or the Funds Subadviser may use research and services provided to it by brokers in servicing all the Funds; however, not all such services may be used by Advisors Preferred LLC and/or the Funds Subadviser in connection with the Funds. While the receipt of such information and services is useful in varying degrees and generally would reduce the amount of research or services otherwise performed by Advisors Preferred LLC and/or the Funds Subadviser, this information and these services are of indeterminable value and would not reduce Advisors Preferred LLC investment advisory fee to be paid by the Funds or the subadvisory fees to be paid by Advisors Preferred LLC.
Purchases and sales of U.S. government securities normally are transacted through issuers, underwriters or major dealers in U.S. government securities acting as principals. Such transactions are made on a net basis and do not involve payment of brokerage commissions. The cost of securities purchased from an underwriter usually includes a commission paid by the issuer to the underwriters; transactions with dealers normally reflect the spread between bid and asked prices.
Aggregate brokerage commissions paid by the each of Predecessor Funds for the following fiscal years are shown in the table below.
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Select Alternative Fund |
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Brokerage Fees Paid |
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Year Ended August 31, 2011 |
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$ |
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Year Ended August 31, 201 0 |
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$ |
90,027 |
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Year Ended August 31, 2009 |
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$ |
19,693 |
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Global Perspective Fund |
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Brokerage Fees Paid |
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Year Ended August 31, 2011 |
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$ |
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Year Ended August 31, 201 0 |
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$ |
316,694 |
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Year Ended August 31, 20 09 |
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$ |
344,352 |
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Equity Opportunity Fund |
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Brokerage Fees Paid |
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Year Ended August 31, 2011 |
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$ |
|
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Year Ended August 31, 2010 |
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$ |
54,273 |
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Year Ended August 31, 2009 |
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$ |
60,055 |
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PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS INFORMATION
The Trust maintains portfolio holdings disclosure policies that govern the timing and circumstances of disclosure to shareholders and third parties of information regarding the Funds portfolio investments to ensure that such disclosure is in the best interests of the Funds shareholders. In adopting the policies, the Board considered actual and potential material conflicts that could arise between the interest of Fund shareholders, the Adviser, distributor, or any other affiliated person of the Funds. Disclosure of a Funds complete holdings is required to be made quarterly within 60 days of the end of each fiscal quarter in the Annual Report and Semi-Annual Report to Fund shareholders and in the quarterly holdings report on Form N-Q. These reports are available, free of charge, on the EDGAR database on the SECs website at www.sec.gov .
From time to time, rating and ranking organizations such as Standard & Poors ® and Morningstar ® , Inc. may request complete portfolio holdings information in connection with rating a Fund. Similarly, pension plan sponsors, consultants and/or other financial institutions may request a complete list of portfolio holdings in order to assess the risks of a Funds portfolio along with related performance attribution statistics. The Trust believes that these third parties have legitimate objectives in requesting such portfolio holdings information. To prevent such parties from potentially misusing the complete portfolio holdings information, the Funds will generally only disclose such information as of the end of the most recent calendar quarter, with a lag of approximately 60 days. In addition, the Funds President or Chief Compliance Officer may grant exceptions to permit additional disclosure of the complete portfolio holdings information at differing times and with differing lag times to rating agencies and to the parties noted above, provided that (1) the recipient is subject to a confidentiality agreement; (2) the recipient will utilize the information to reach certain conclusions about the investment management characteristics of the Funds and will not use the information to facilitate or assist in any investment program; and (3) the recipient will not provide access to third parties to this information. The Chief Compliance Officer shall report any disclosures made pursuant to this exception to the Board.
In addition, the Funds service providers, such as custodian, administrator, transfer agent, distributor, legal counsel and independent registered public accounting firm may receive portfolio holdings information in connection with their services to the Funds. In no event shall the Advisers, their affiliates or employees, or the Funds receive any direct or indirect compensation in connection with the disclosure of information about the Funds portfolio holdings.
In the event a portfolio holdings disclosure made pursuant to the policies presents a conflict of interest between the Funds shareholders and Rafferty, the Subadviser, the distributor and their affiliates or employees and any affiliated person of the Fund, the disclosure will not be made unless a majority of the Independent Trustees approves such disclosure.
MANAGEMENT OF THE TRUST
The Board of Trustees
The management and affairs of the Fund are supervised by the Board of Trustees. The Board of Trustees consists of four individuals, three (3 ) of whom are not interested persons (as defined under the 1940 Act) of the Trust and the Adviser (Independent Trustees). The Trustees are fiduciaries for the Trust shareholders and are governed by the laws of the State of Delaware in this regard. The Board of Trustees establishes policies for the operation of the Trust and appoints the officers who conduct the daily business of the Trust.
Board Leadership Structure
The Trust is led by Mr. Michael Miola, who has served as the Chairman of the Board since 2011. Mr. Miola is an interested person by virtue of his indirect controlling interest in Northern Lights Distributors, LLC (the Trust's distributor. The Board of Trustees is comprised of Mr. Miola and [three (3 )] Independent Trustees. The Independent Trustees have selected [_________________] as Lead Independent Trustee. Additionally, under certain 1940 Act governance guidelines that apply to the Trust, the Independent Trustees will meet in executive session, at least quarterly. Under the Trust's Agreement and Declaration of Trust and By-Laws, the Chairman of the Board is responsible for (a) presiding at board meetings, (b) calling special meetings on an as-needed basis, (c) execution and administration of Trust policies including (i) setting the agendas for board meetings and (ii) providing information to board members in advance of each board meeting and between board meetings. Generally, the Trust believes it best to have a non-executive Chairman of the Board, who together with the President (principal executive officer), are seen by our shareholders, business partners and other stakeholders as providing strong leadership. The Trust believes that its Chairman, the independent chair of the Audit Committee, the Independent Lead Trustee, and, as an entity, the full Board of Trustees, provide effective leadership that is in the best interests of the Trust, its Funds and each shareholder.
Board Risk Oversight
The Board of Trustees is comprised of Mr. Miola and three (3) Independent Trustees with a standing independent Audit Committee with a separate chair. The Board is responsible for overseeing risk management, and the full Board regularly engages in discussions of risk management and receives compliance reports that inform its oversight of risk management from its Chief Compliance Officer at quarterly meetings and on an ad hoc basis, when and if necessary. The Audit Committee considers financial and reporting risk within its area of responsibilities. Generally, the Board believes that its oversight of material risks is adequately maintained through the compliance-reporting chain where the Chief Compliance Officer is the primary recipient and communicator of such risk-related information.
Trustee Qualifications.
Generally, the Trust believes that each Trustee is competent to serve because of their individual overall merits including: (i) experience, (ii) qualifications, (iii) attributes and (iv) skills. Mr. Miola has over 20 years of business experience in the investment management and brokerage business, serves as a member of another mutual fund board outside of the Fund Complex and possesses a strong understanding of the regulatory framework under which investment companies must operate based on his years of service to this Board and another fund board. Charles Hobson Dry, a business consultant with over thirty years experience specializing in Native American Tribal business/economic and casino development and over fifty years engineering experience with NASA, received a Bachelor of Science degree from Murray State College and advanced degrees from UCLA, Los Angeles, and the University of Houston. [Insert Tony Lewis bio]. Mark H. Taylor, Ph.D., CPA, CFE, has over two decades of academic experience in the accounting and auditing areas, has a Doctor of Philosophy degree in Accounting, holds Certified Public Accountant and Certified Fraud Examiner designations, is Professor of Accountancy at the Weatherhead School of Management at Case Western Reserve University, serves as a member of another mutual fund board outside of the Fund Complex, currently serves on the AICPA Auditing Standards Board, and like the other Board members, also possesses a strong understanding of the regulatory framework under which investment companies must operate based on his years of service to this Board and another fund board. The Trust does not believe any one factor is determinative in assessing a Trustee's qualifications, but that the collective experience of each Trustee makes them each highly qualified.
The Board of Trustees has established four standing committees the Audit Committee, the Compensation Committee, the Nominating Committee and the Valuation Committee. All Independent Trustees are members of the Audit Committee and the Nominating Committee. Inclusion of all Independent Trustees as members of the Audit Committee and the Nominating Committee allows all such Trustees to participate in the full range of the Board of Trustees oversight duties, including oversight of risk management processes.
In accordance with the fund governance standards prescribed by the SEC under the 1940 Act, the Independent Trustees on the Nominating Committee select and nominate all candidates for Independent Trustee positions. Each Trustee was appointed to serve on the Board of Trustees because of his experience, qualifications, attributes and/or skills as set forth in the subsection Director Qualifications below. The Board of Trustees reviews its leadership structure regularly. The Board of Trustees believes that the structure described above facilitates the orderly and efficient flow of information to the Trustees from the officers of the Trust, the advisers of the funds that comprise the Trust and other service providers, and facilitates the effective evaluation of the risks and other issues, including conflicts of interest, that may impact the Trust as a whole as well as the funds individually. The Board of Trustees believes that the orderly and efficient flow of information and the ability of the Board of Trustees to bring each Trustees experience and skills to bear in overseeing the Trusts operations is important given the characteristics and circumstances of the Trust, including: the unaffiliated nature of each investment adviser and the fund(s) managed by such adviser; the number of funds that comprise the Trust; the variety of asset classes that those funds reflect; the net assets of the Trust; the committee structure of the Trust; and the independent distribution arrangements of each of the Trusts underlying funds. For these reasons, the Board of Trustees believes that its leadership structure is appropriate.
The Board of Trustees role is one of oversight rather than day-to-day management of any of the Trusts underlying funds. The Trusts Audit Committee assists with this oversight function. The Board of Trustees oversight extends to the Trusts risk management processes. Those processes are overseen by Trust officers, including the President, the Treasurer, the Secretary and Chief Compliance Officer (CCO), who regularly report to the Board of Trustees on a variety of matters at Board meetings.
Investment advisers managing the Trusts underlying funds report to the Board of Trustees, on a regular and as-needed basis, on actual and possible risks affecting the Trusts underlying funds. These investment advisers report to the Board of Trustees on various elements of risk, including investment, credit, liquidity, valuation, operational and compliance risks, as well as any overall business risks that could impact the Trusts underlying funds.
The Board of Trustees has appointed the CCO, who reports directly to the Board of Trustees and who participates in its regular meetings. In addition, the CCO presents an annual report to the Board of Trustees in accordance with the Trusts compliance policies and procedures. The CCO, together with the Trusts Treasurer and Secretary, regularly discusses risk issues affecting the Trust and its underlying funds during Board of Trustee meetings. The CCO also provides updates to the Board of Trustees on the operation of the Trusts compliance policies and procedures and on how these procedures are designed to mitigate risk. Finally, the CCO and/or other officers of the Trust report to the Board of Trustees in the event that any material risk issues arise in between Board meetings.
Trustees and Officers
The Trustees and the officers of the Trust are listed below with their addresses, present positions with the Trust and principal occupations over at least the last five years. Unless otherwise noted, the address of each Trustee and Officer is 4020 South 147 th Street, Suite 2, Omaha, Nebraska 68137.
Independent Trustees
Name, Address and Age |
Position/Term of Office* |
Principal Occupation During the Past Five Years |
Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex** Overseen by Trustee |
Other Directorships held by Trustee During the Past Five Years |
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Charles Hobson Dry Age: 72 |
Trustee Since May 2011 |
Founder and President, Government Procurement Solutions, LLC, a government consulting firm, Native Gaming Solutions, LLC, American Gateway, LLC, Native American Personnel Services, LLC, Oklahoma BioFuels, Inc. |
5 |
N/A |
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Tony Lewis |
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5 |
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Mark H. Taylor Age: 46 |
Trustee Since May 2011 |
Professor, Department of Accountancy, Weatherhead School of Management, Case Western Reserve University (since 2009); John P. Begley Endowed Chair in Accounting, Creighton University (2002 2009); Member Auditing Standards Board, AICPA (since 2008). |
5 |
Ladenburg Thalmann Alternative Strategies Fund; Lifetime Achievement Mutual Fund (LFTAX) (Director and Audit Committee Chairman), Northern Lights Fund Trust and Northern Lights Variable Trust (73 portfolios) |
Interested Trustees and Officers
Name, Address and Age |
Position/Term of Office* |
Principal Occupation During the Past Five Years |
Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex ** Overseen by Trustee |
Other Directorships held by Trustee During the Past Five Years |
Michael Miola*** Age: 58 |
Trustee Since 2011 |
Co-Owner and Co-Managing Member of NorthStar Financial Services Group, LLC; Manager of Gemini Fund Services, LLC; Orion Advisor Services, LLC, CLS Investments, LLC, Gemcom, LLC and Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC (since 2003). |
5 |
AdvisorOne Funds (10 portfolios); Ladenburg Thalmann Alternative Strategies Fund ; Constellation Trust Co., Northern Lights Fund Trust and Northern Lights Variable Trust (73 portfolios), |
Andrew Rogers 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, NY 11788 Age: 41 |
President Since 2011 |
President and Manager, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (since 2006), formerly Senior Vice President and Director of Administration (2001 - 2005); Formerly Manager, Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC (2006 2008); Manager (since 2006) and President (since 2004), GemCom LLC. |
N/A |
N/A |
Kevin E. Wolf 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, NY 11788 Age: 40 |
Treasurer Since 2011 |
Director of Fund Administration, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (since 2006); Vice President, Fund Administration, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (2004 - 2006); Vice-President, GemCom, LLC (since 2004); Senior Fund Administrator, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (2001-2004). |
N/A |
N/A |
Emile R. Molineaux 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, NY 11788 Age: 48 |
Chief Compliance Officer Since 2011 |
General Counsel, CCO and Senior Vice President, Gemini Fund Services, LLC; Secretary and CCO, Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC; (since 2003); In-house Counsel, The Dreyfus Funds (1999 2003). |
N/A |
N/A |
James P. Ash 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, NY 11788 Age: 34 |
Secretary Since 2011 |
Director of Legal Administration, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (since 2009); Assistant Vice President of Legal Administration, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (2006 - 2008). |
N/A |
N/A |
James Colantino 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, NY 11788 Age: 40 |
Assistant Treasurer Since 2011 |
Vice President (2004 - Present); Senior Fund Administrator (1999-2004), Gemini Fund Services, LLC. |
N/A |
N/A |
Erik Naviloff 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, NY 11788 Age: 42 |
Assistant Treasurer Since 2011 |
Assistant Vice President, Gemini Fund Services, LLC, since 2007; Senior Accounting Manager, Fixed Income, Dreyfus Corporation, 2002 to 2007. |
N/A |
N/A |
Richard Gleason 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, NY 11788 Age: 33 |
Assistant Treasurer Since 2011 |
Manager of Fund Administration, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (since 2008); Senior Fund Administrator, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (2005-2008). |
N/A |
N/A |
Dawn Borelli 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, NY 11788 Age: 38 |
Assistant Treasurer Since 2011 |
Assistant Vice President, Fund Administration, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (since 2010), Assistant Vice President, Global Fund Administration, Legg Mason & Co. LLC (2003 2010). |
N/A |
N/A |
* The term of office for each Trustee and officer listed above will continue indefinitely.
** The term Fund Complex refers to the Northern Lights Fund Trust II.
*** Michael Miola is an interested person of the Trust as that term is defined under the 1940 Act, because of his affiliation with Gemini Fund Services, LLC, (the Trusts Administrator, Fund Accountant, Transfer Agent) and Northern Lights Distributors, LLC (the Funds Distributor ).
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the Hundredfold |
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Trustee Ownership of Fund Shares
As of December 31, 2010, no Trustee or officer of the Trust beneficially owned shares of the Predecessor Funds or any series of the Trust.
Furthermore, neither the Trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust, nor members of their immediate family, own securities beneficially, or of record, in the Advisor, the Funds distributor or any of its affiliates. Accordingly, neither the Trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust nor members of their immediate family, have a direct or indirect interest, the value of which exceeds $120,000, in the Advisor, the Funds distributor or any of its affiliates
Board Committees
Audit Committee. The Trust has an Audit Committee, which is comprised of the independent members of the Board of Trustees,[_____________________]. The Audit Committee reviews financial statements and other audit-related matters for the Fund. The Audit Committee also holds discussions with management and with the Funds independent auditor concerning the scope of the audit and the auditors independence and will meet at least _____ annually.
Nominating Committee. The Trust has a Nominating Committee, which is comprised of the independent members of the Board of Trustees. The Nominating Committee is responsible for seeking and reviewing candidates for consideration as nominees for the position of trustee and meets only as necessary
Valuation Committee. The Trust has a Valuation Committee. The Valuation Committee is responsible for the following: (1) monitoring the valuation of Fund securities and other investments; and (2) as required, when the Board of Trustees is not in session, determining the fair value of illiquid securities and other holdings after consideration of all relevant factors, which determinations are reported to the Board. The Valuation Committee is currently comprised of [____________________]. The Valuation Committee meets as necessary when a price for a portfolio security is not readily available.
Trustee Compensation
Because the Trust only recently commenced operations, none of the Trustees received a fee for the Predecessor Funds fiscal year ended February 28, 2011. However, for their service as Trustees each Independent Trustee will receive [$1,000 for each in-person Board meeting and $500 1 for each telephonic Board meeting of the Trust], as well as reimbursement for expenses incurred in connection with attendance at board meetings. Interested Trustees do not receive any compensation for their service as Trustee.
Principal Shareholders, Control Persons and Management Ownership [TO BE UPDATED BY SUBSEQUENT AMENDMENT]
A principal shareholder is any person who owns of record or beneficially 5% or more of any class of a Funds outstanding shares. A control person is a shareholder that owns beneficially or through controlled companies more than 25% of the voting securities of a company or acknowledges the existence of control. Shareholders owning voting securities in excess of 25% may determine the outcome of any matter affecting and voted on by shareholders of a Fund. As of December 1, 2010, the following shareholders were considered to be either a control person or principal shareholder of each Predecessor Fund:
Equity Opportunity Fund
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Name and Address |
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Parent Company |
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Global Perspective Fund
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Name and Address |
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Select Alternative Fund
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National Financial Services |
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Fidelity Management |
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33.14 |
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Investment Adviser and Subadviser [update advisor information]
Prior to _____, 2011, Advisors Preferred LLC,, LLC, _____________________, served as investment adviser to each of the Predecessor Funds.
[Advisors Preferred LLC ] has retained Hundredfold Advisors, LLC, 2940 N. Lynnhaven Road, Suite 210A, Virginia Beach, VA 23452, to serve as subadviser to the Funds (Hundredfold or Subadviser). Through its ownership of the Subadviser, Simply Distribute Charitable Foundation, a not-for-profit foundation, controls Hundredfold and was created as a charitable foundation. Mr. Ralph Doudera and Ms. Mary Collins are trustees of the foundation. In addition, as managing members of Hundredfold, both Mr. Doudera and Ms. Collins control the Subadviser. Prior to __, 2011, Hundredfold served as subadviser to each of the Predecessor Funds pursuant to the subadviser agreement with Rafferty.
Under an Investment Advisory Agreement (Advisory Agreement) between the Trust, on behalf of the Funds, and Advisors Preferred LLC; Advisors Preferred LLC provides a continuous investment program for a Funds assets in accordance with its investment objective, policies and limitations, and oversees the day-to-day operations of a Fund, subject to the supervision of the Trustees. Advisors Preferred LLC bears all costs associated with providing these advisory services. The Trust bears all other expenses that are not assumed by Advisors Preferred LLC as described in the Prospectus. The Trust also is liable for nonrecurring expenses as may arise, including litigation to which a Fund may be a party. The Trust also may have an obligation to indemnify its Trustees and officers with respect to any such litigation.
Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, each Fund pays Advisors Preferred LLC at an annual rate of 1.00% based on its average daily net assets.
The Advisory Agreement was approved by the Trustees (including all Independent Trustees) and [Advisors Preferred LLC ], as sole shareholder of the Funds, in compliance with the 1940 Act. The Advisory Agreement continues in force for an initial period of two years after the date of its approval. The Advisory Agreement is renewable thereafter from year to year with respect to each Fund, so long as its continuance is approved at least annually (1) by the vote, cast in person at a meeting called for that purpose, of a majority of those Trustees who are not interested persons of Advisors Preferred LLC or the Trust, and (2) by the majority vote of either the full Board or the vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of a Fund. The Advisory Agreement automatically terminates on assignment and is terminable on 60-day written notice either by the Trust or Rafferty.
Under an Investment Subadvisory Agreement (Subadvisory Agreement) between Advisors Preferred LLC and Hundredfold, Hundredfold, subject to direction by Advisors Preferred LLC and the Board, provides investment advice and portfolio management services to the Funds for a fee payable by Advisors Preferred LLC. An investment team from Hundredfold will manage the Funds assets, under the supervision of Advisors Preferred LLC. Under the Subadvisory Agreement, Hundredfold directs, through Rafferty, the allocation of Fund assets among various baskets of securities, created by Hundredfold. Then, Advisors Preferred LLC implements Hundredfolds investment decisions for each Fund by placing all brokerage orders for the purchase and sale of those securities. For the investment subadvisory services provided to the Funds, Advisors Preferred LLC pays Hundredfold 0.40% for assets under management of less than $40 million, 0.60% for assets under management between $40 million and $100 million, 0.70% for assets under management between $100 million and $150 million, 0.75% for assets under management between $150 million and $200 million, and 0.80% for assets under management if greater than $200 million.
The Subadvisory Agreement was initially approved by the Board (including all of the Trustees who are not interested persons of Advisors Preferred LLC or Hundredfold, as defined under the 1940 Act) and the shareholders of the Funds, in compliance with the 1940 Act. The Subadvisory Agreement provides that it will be in force for an initial two-year period and it must be approved each year thereafter by (1) a vote, cast in person at a meeting called for that purpose, of a majority of those Trustees who are not interested persons of Advisors Preferred LLC, Hundredfold or the Trust, and by (2) the majority vote of either the full Board or the vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Funds. The Subadvisory Agreement automatically terminates on assignment and is terminable on not less than a 60-day written notice by Advisors Preferred LLC or a 90-day written notice by Hundredfold. Under the terms of the Advisory Agreement, Advisors Preferred LLC automatically becomes responsible for the obligations of Hundredfold upon termination of the Subadvisory Agreement.
Under an agreement with Funds, Spectrum Financial Inc., an affiliate of Hundredfold, may provide services to the Funds and receive an annualized fee of 1.00% based on the average daily net assets of the Funds attributable to clients of Spectrum Financial, Inc. who are shareholders of the Funds.
[ ] shall not be liable to the Trust or any shareholder for anything done or omitted by it, except acts or omissions involving willful misfeasance, bad faith, negligence or reckless disregard of the duties imposed upon it by its agreement with the Trust or for any losses that may be sustained in the purchase, holding or sale of any security.
Hundredfold shall not be liable to the Trust or any shareholder for anything done or omitted by it, except acts or omissions involving willful misfeasance, bad faith, negligence or reckless disregard of the duties imposed upon it by its agreement with Rafferty or for any losses that may be sustained in the purchase, holding or sale of any security.
Pursuant to Section 17(j) of the 1940 Act and Rule 17j-1 thereunder, the Trust, [ ], Hundredfold and the distributor have adopted Codes of Ethics. These codes permit portfolio managers and other access persons of the Funds to invest in securities that may be owned by the Funds, subject to certain restrictions.
Portfolio Manager
Ralph J. Doudera serves as portfolio manager of the Funds. In addition to the Funds, Mr. Doudera manages the other accounts set forth below. Hundredfold provided the following information regarding the other accounts managed by the Funds portfolio manager, including the number of accounts, the total assets in those accounts and the categorization of the accounts as of August 31, 2011 [to be updated by subsequent amendment].
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Mr. Doudera is also the founder, CEO and investment manager of Spectrum Financial Inc., a registered investment adviser. Mr. Doudera manages all of the above accounts for Spectrum Financial Inc. |
Because the other accounts listed above invest only in mutual funds, Hundredfold and/or Spectrum Financial Inc. have not identified any material conflicts between the Funds and other accounts managed by Mr. Doudera. However, actual or apparent conflicts of interest may arise in connection with the day-to-day management of the Funds and other accounts. The management of the Funds and other accounts may result in unequal time and attention being devoted to the Funds and other accounts. Hundredfolds management fees for the services it provides to other accounts varies and may be higher or lower than the subadvisory fees it receives from Rafferty. This could create potential conflicts of interest in which the portfolio manager may appear to favor one investment vehicle over another resulting in an account paying higher fees or one investment vehicle out performing another.
As of August 31, 2011 , Mr. Doudera is not compensated for his position as portfolio manager to the Funds. All of Mr. Douderas services are donated to Hundredfold.
Set forth below are the dollar ranges of securities of the Funds beneficially owned by the portfolio manager as of August 31, 2011 . [to be updated by subsequent amendment]
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Dollar Range of Equity Securities in the |
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Funds |
Select Alternative Fund |
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Global Perspective Fund |
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Equity Opportunity Fund |
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Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures
The Board has adopted Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures (Policies) on behalf of the Trust, which delegate the responsibility for voting proxies of securities held by the Funds to the Advisor and responsibility for voting proxies of securities held by the Funds to the Advisor, subject to the Boards continuing oversight. The Policies require that the Advisor vote proxies received in a manner consistent with the best interests of the Funds and its shareholders. The Policies also require the Advisor to present to the Board, at least annually, the Advisors Proxy Policies and a record of each proxy voted by the Advisor on behalf of the Funds, including a report on the resolution of all proxies identified by the Advisor as involving a conflict of interest. A copy of the Advisor's Proxy Voting Policies is attached hereto as an Appendix.
More information. Information regarding how the Funds voted proxies relating to portfolio securities held by the Fund during the most recent 12-month period ending June 30 will be available (1) without charge, upon request, by calling the Fund at [_______]; and (2) on the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commissions website at http://www.sec.gov. In addition, a copy of the Fund's proxy voting policies and procedures are also available by calling [___________] and will be sent within three business days of receipt of a request.
Other Service Providers
Fund Administration
P ursuant to a Fund Services Agreement (the Services Agreement), Gemini Fund Services, LLC (GFS), 450 Wireless Blvd, Hauppauge, New York 11788 (the Administrator), acts as administrator for the Fund. GFS is primarily in the business of providing administrative, fund accounting and transfer agent services to retail and institutional mutual funds. GFS is an affiliate of the Distributor.
Pursuant to an Administration Service Agreement with the Fund, GFS provides administrative services to the Fund, subject to the supervision of the Board. GFS may provide persons to serve as officers of the Fund. Such officers may be directors, officers or employees of GFS or its affiliates.
The Administration Service Agreement was initially approved by the Board at a meeting held on May 17, 2011. The Agreement shall remain in effect for three years from the date of its initial approval, and subject to annual approval of the Board for one-year periods thereafter. The Administration Service Agreement is terminable by the Board or GFS on ninety days written notice and may be assigned provided the non-assigning party provides prior written consent. This Agreement provides that in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on the part of GFS or reckless disregard of its obligations thereunder, GFS shall not be liable for any action or failure to act in accordance with its duties thereunder.
Under the Administration Service Agreement, GFS provides facilitating administrative services, including: (i) providing services of persons competent to perform such administrative and clerical functions as are necessary to provide effective administration of the Fund; (ii) facilitating the performance of administrative and professional services to the Fund by others, including the Fund's Custodian; (iii) preparing, but not paying for, the periodic updating of the Fund's Registration Statement, Prospectuses and Statement of Additional Information in conjunction with Fund counsel, including the printing of such documents for the purpose of filings with the SEC and state securities administrators, and preparing reports to the Fund's shareholders and the SEC; (iv) preparing in conjunction with Fund counsel, but not paying for, all filings under the securities or Blue Sky laws of such states or countries as are designated by the Distributor, which may be required to register or qualify, or continue the registration or qualification, of the Fund and/or its shares under such laws; (v) preparing notices and agendas for meetings of the Board and minutes of such meetings in all matters required by the 1940 Act to be acted upon by the Board; and (vi) monitoring daily and periodic compliance with respect to all requirements and restrictions of the 1940 Act, the Internal Revenue Code and the Prospectus.
For the services rendered to the Fund, during its first year of operations, by GFS, the Fund pays GFS a fund administration fee equal to the greater of [insert fee structure ]. The Fund also pays GFS for any out-of-pocket expenses.
Fund Accounting
GFS, pursuant to the Fund Accounting Service Agreement, provides the Fund with accounting services, including: (i) daily computation of net asset value; (ii) maintenance of security ledgers and books and records as required by the 1940 Act; (iii) production of the Fund's listing of portfolio securities and general ledger reports; (iv) reconciliation of accounting records; (v) calculation of yield and total return for the Fund; (vi) maintaining certain books and records described in Rule 31a-1 under the 1940 Act, and reconciling account information and balances among the Fund's custodian or Advisor; and (vii) monitoring and evaluating daily income and expense accruals, and sales and redemptions of shares of the Fund.
For the services rendered to the Fund by the Fund Accounting Service Agreement, the Fund pays the Fund Accountant, during its first year of operations, an annual fee of [insert fee structure] Discounts are based on service fee minimums only. The Fund also pays GFS for any out-of-pocket expenses.
Transfer Agent
GFS, 4020 South 147th Street, Suite 2, Omaha, NE 68137, acts as transfer, dividend disbursing, and shareholder servicing agent for the Fund pursuant to a written agreement with the Fund. Under the agreement, GFS is responsible for administering and performing transfer agent functions, dividend distribution, shareholder administration, and maintaining necessary records in accordance with applicable rules and regulations. For the services rendered to the Fund, during its first year of operations, [insert fee structure]. The Fund will pay the Transfer Agent for any out-of-pocket expenses.
Custodian
[______], (the Custodian), serves as the custodian of the Fund's assets pursuant to a Custody Agreement by and between the Custodian and the Trust on behalf of the Fund. The Custodians responsibilities include safeguarding and controlling the Fund's cash and securities, handling the receipt and delivery of securities, and collecting interest and dividends on the Fund's investments. Pursuant to the Custody Agreement, the Custodian also maintains original entry documents and books of record and general ledgers; posts cash receipts and disbursements; and records purchases and sales based upon communications from the Advisor. The Fund may employ foreign sub-custodians that are approved by the Board to hold foreign assets.
Compliance Services
Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC (NLCS), 4020 South 147
th
Street, Omaha, NE 68137, an affiliate of GFS and the Distributor, provides a Chief Compliance Officer to the Trust as well as related compliance services pursuant to a consulting agreement between NLCS and the Trust. The Fund pays a compliance service fee to NLCS.
Prior to _______, 2011, U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC ( Former Administrator), 615 East Michigan Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202, provide d administrative, fund accounting and transfer agent services to the Predecessor Funds. U.S. Bank, N.A., Custody Operations, 1555 N. River Center Drive, Suite 302, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202, an affiliate of the Administrator, provide d custodian services to the Funds.
During the fiscal years indicated below the Former Administrator received the following fees from the Funds:
Fiscal Period |
Select Alternative Fund |
Year Ended August 31, 2011 |
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Year Ended August 31, 2010 |
$19,926 |
Year Ended August 31, 2009 |
$6,719 |
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Fiscal Period |
Global Perspective Fund |
Year Ended August 31, 2011 |
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Year Ended August 31, 2010 |
$29,438 |
Year Ended August 31, 2009 |
$44,011 |
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Fiscal Period |
Equity Opportunity Fund |
Year Ended August 31, 2011 |
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Year Ended August 31, 2010 |
$9,689 |
Year Ended August 31, 2009 |
$4,171 |
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Legal Counsel
Alston & Bird LLP, 950 F Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20004 serves as the Trusts legal counsel.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Cohen Audit Services, Ltd., is the independent registered public accounting firm for the Trust. The Financial Statements of the Funds for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2011 have been audited by Ernst &Young LLP and are incorporated by reference herein, which is given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
Distributor
The Trust has entered into a Distribution Agreement (the Distribution Agreement) with Ceros Financial Services, Inc. pursuant to which the Distributor acts as the Funds principal underwriter, provides certain administration services and promotes and arranges for the sale of the Funds shares. The offering of the Funds shares is continuous. The Distributor is a registered broker-dealer and member of FINRA.
The Distribution Agreement has an initial term of two years and will continue in effect only if such continuance is specifically approved at least annually by the Board of Trustees or by vote of a majority of the Funds outstanding voting securities and, in either case, by a majority of the trustees who are not parties to the Distribution Agreement or interested persons (as defined in the 1940 Act) of any such party. The Distribution Agreement is terminable without penalty by the Trust on behalf of the Fund on 60 days written notice when authorized either by a majority vote of the Funds shareholders or by vote of a majority of the Board of Trustees, including a majority of the trustees who are not interested persons (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Trust, or by the Distributor on 60 days written notice, and will automatically terminate in the event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act).
Prior to ______, 2011, Rafferty Capital Markets, LLC served as distributor to the Predecessor Funds. During the fiscal year ended August 31, 2011, the Fund paid Ra fferty Capital Markets, LLC an aggregate amount of underwriting commissions of [$], none of which were retained by the principal underwriter.
Distribution Plan
As noted in the Prospectus, the Trust has adopted a Distribution Plan and Agreement pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act for the Funds Service Class shares (the "Plan") pursuant to which such class of shares of each Fund is authorized to pay fees to the Distributor for providing distribution and/or shareholder services to the Fund. Under the Plan, Service Class shares of the Funds may pay an account maintenance fee for account maintenance services and/or distribution fee at an annual rate of up to 1.00% of the average net assets of its Service Class shares as compensation for the Distributor providing account maintenance and distribution services to shareholders. Such fees are to be paid by the Funds monthly, or at such other intervals, as the Board shall determine. Such fees shall be based upon the share class's average daily net assets during the preceding month, and shall be calculated and accrued daily. The Funds may pay fees to the Distributor at a lesser rate, as agreed upon by the Board of the Trust and the Distributor. The Plan authorizes payments to the Distributor as compensation for providing account maintenance services to Fund shareholders, including arranging for certain securities dealers or brokers, administrators and others (Recipients) to provide these services and paying compensation for these services.
The services to be provided by Recipients may include, but are not limited to, the following: assistance in the offering and sale of Fund shares and in other aspects of the marketing of the shares to clients or prospective clients of the respective recipients; answering routine inquiries concerning the Funds; assisting in the establishment and maintenance of accounts or sub-accounts in the Funds and in processing purchase and redemption transactions; making the Funds investment plan and shareholder services available; and providing such other information and services to investors in shares of the Funds as the Distributor or the Trust, on behalf of the Funds, may reasonably request. The distribution services shall also include any advertising and marketing services provided by or arranged by the Distributor with respect to the Funds. The Advisor may be compensated by the Distributor for its distribution and marketing efforts.
The Distributor is required to provide a written report, at least quarterly to the Board of the Trust, specifying in reasonable detail the amounts expended pursuant to the Rule 12b-1 Plan and the purposes for which such expenditures were made. Further, the Distributor will inform the Board of any Rule 12b-1 fees to be paid by the Distributor to Recipients.
The initial term of the Rule 12b-1 Plan is one year and will continue in effect from year to year thereafter, provided such continuance is specifically approved at least annually by a majority of the Board of the Trust and a majority of the Trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust and do not have a direct or indirect financial interest in the Rule 12b-1 Plan (Rule 12b-1 Trustees) by votes cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on the Rule 12b-1 Plan. The Rule 12b-1 Plan may be terminated at any time by the Trust or a Fund by vote of a majority of the Rule 12b-1 Trustees or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting shares of the Funds.
The Rule 12b-1 Plan may not be amended to increase materially the amount of the Distributors compensation to be paid by the Funds, unless such amendment is approved by the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the affected class of the Funds (as defined in the 1940 Act). All material amendments must be approved by a majority of the Board of the Trust and a majority of the Rule 12b-1 Trustees by votes cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on a Rule 12b-1 Plan. During the term of a Rule 12b-1 Plan, the selection and nomination of non-interested Trustees of the Trust will be committed to the discretion of current non-interested Trustees. The Distributor will preserve copies of the Rule 12b-1 Plan, any related agreements, and all reports, for a period of not less than six years from the date of such document and for at least the first two years in an easily accessible place.
Any agreement related to a Rule 12b-1 Plan will be in writing and provide that: (a) it may be terminated by the Trust or the applicable Funds at any time upon sixty days written notice, without the payment of any penalty, by vote of a majority of the respective Rule 12b-1 Trustees, or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust or Funds; (b) it will automatically terminate in the event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act); and (c) it will continue in effect for a period of more than one year from the date of its execution or adoption only so long as such continuance is specifically approved at least annually by a majority of the Board and a majority of the Rule 12b-1 Trustees by votes cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such agreement.
The tables below show the amount of 12b-1 fees incurred and the allocation of such fees by each Fund for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2011 . [to be updated by subsequent amendment]
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12b-1 fees |
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incurred |
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Select Alternative Fund |
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$ |
368,822 |
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Global Perspective Fund |
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$ |
580,214 |
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Equity Opportunity Fund |
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$ |
141,337 |
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DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
As indicated in the Prospectus under the heading "Net Asset Value," the net asset value ("NAV") of each Fund's shares, by class, is determined by dividing the total value of such Fund's portfolio investments and other assets, less any liabilities, by the total number of shares outstanding of such Fund, by class.
For purposes of calculating the NAV, portfolio securities and other assets for which market quotes are available are stated at market value. Market value is generally determined on the basis of last reported sales prices, or if no sales are reported, based on quotes obtained from a quotation reporting system, established market makers, or pricing services. Securities primarily traded in the NASDAQ National Market System for which market quotations are readily available shall be valued using the NASDAQ Official Closing Price (NOCP). If the NOCP is not available, such securities shall be valued at the last sale price on the day of valuation, or if there has been no sale on such day, at the last bid on the primary exchange. Certain securities or investments for which daily market quotes are not readily available may be valued, pursuant to guidelines established by the Board, with reference to other securities or indices. Short-term investments having a maturity of 60 days or less are generally valued at amortized cost. Exchange traded options; futures and options on futures are valued at the settlement price determined by the exchange. Other securities for which market quotes are not readily available are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by the Board or persons acting at their direction.
Investments initially valued in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are converted to U.S. dollars using exchange rates obtained from pricing services. As a result, the NAV of each Fund's shares may be affected by changes in the value of currencies in relation to the U.S. dollar. The value of securities traded in markets outside the United States or denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar may be affected significantly on a day that the New York Stock Exchange is closed and an investor is not able to purchase, redeem or exchange shares.
Fund shares are valued at the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (normally 4:00 p.m., Eastern time) (the "NYSE Close") on each day that the New York Stock Exchange is open. For purposes of calculating the NAV, the Funds normally use pricing data for domestic equity securities received shortly after the NYSE Close and does not normally take into account trading, clearances or settlements that take place after the NYSE Close. Domestic fixed income and foreign securities are normally priced using data reflecting the earlier closing of the principal markets for those securities. Information that becomes known to the Funds or their agents after the NAV has been calculated on a particular day will not generally be used to retroactively adjust the price of the security or the NAV determined earlier that day.
In unusual circumstances, instead of valuing securities in the usual manner, the Funds may value securities at fair value or estimate their value as determined in good faith by the Board or its designees, pursuant to procedures approved by the Board. Fair valuation may also be used by the Board if extraordinary events occur after the close of the relevant market but prior to the NYSE Close.
The Trust expects that the holidays upon which the Exchange will be closed are as follows: New Year's Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, President's Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day.
Purchase of Shares
Orders for shares received by the Funds in good order prior to the close of business on the NYSE on each day during such periods that the NYSE is open for trading are priced at NAV per share computed as of the close of the regular session of trading on the NYSE. Orders received in good order after the close of the NYSE, or on a day it is not open for trading, are priced at the close of such NYSE on the next day on which it is open for trading at the next determined NAV or offering price per share.
Redemption of Shares
The Funds will redeem all or any portion of a shareholder's shares in a Fund when requested in accordance with the procedures set forth in the "Redemptions" section of the Prospectus. Under the 1940 Act, a shareholders right to redeem shares and to receive payment therefore may be suspended at times:
(a) when the NYSE is closed, other than customary weekend and holiday closings;
(b) when trading on that exchange is restricted for any reason;
(c) when an emergency exists as a result of which disposal by the Funds of securities owned by them is not reasonably practicable or it is not reasonably practicable for the Funds to fairly determine the value of their net assets, provided that applicable rules and regulations of the SEC (or any succeeding governmental authority) will govern as to whether the conditions prescribed in (b) or (c) exist; or
(d) when the SEC by order permits a suspension of the right to redemption or a postponement of the date of payment on redemption.
In case of suspension of the right of redemption, payment of a redemption request will be made based on the NAV next determined after the termination of the suspension.
The Funds may purchase shares of Underlying Funds which charge a redemption fee to shareholders (such as the Funds) that redeem shares of the Underlying Fund within a certain period of time (such as one year). The fee is payable to the Underlying Fund. Accordingly, if a Fund were to invest in an Underlying Fund and incur a redemption fee as a result of redeeming shares in such Underlying Fund, such Fund would bear such redemption fee. The Funds will not, however, invest in shares of an Underlying Fund that is sold with a contingent deferred sales load.
Supporting documents in addition to those listed under Redemptions in the Prospectus will be required from executors, administrators, Trustees, or if redemption is requested by someone other than the shareholder of record. Such documents include, but are not restricted to, stock powers, Trust instruments, certificates of death, appointments as executor, certificates of corporate authority and waiver of tax required in some states when settling estates.
Exchanging of Shares
An exchange is effected through the redemption of the shares tendered for exchange and the purchase of shares being acquired at their respective NAVs as next determined following receipt by a Fund whose shares are being exchanged of (1) proper instructions and all necessary supporting documents; or (2) a telephone request for such exchange in accordance with the procedures set forth in the Prospectus and below. Telephone requests for an exchange received by the Funds before 4:00 p.m. Eastern time will be effected at the close of regular trading on that day. Requests for an exchange received after the close of regular trading will be effected on the NYSEs next trading day. Due to the volume of calls or other unusual circumstances, telephone exchanges may be difficult to implement during certain time periods.
The Trust reserves the right to reject any order to acquire its shares through exchange or otherwise to restrict or terminate the exchange privilege at any time. In addition, the Trust may terminate this exchange privilege upon a 60-day notice.
Anti-Money Laundering
The Trust has established an Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Program (the Program) as required by the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 (USA PATRIOT Act). To ensure compliance with this law, the Trusts Program provides for the development of internal practices, procedures and controls, designation of anti-money laundering compliance officers, an ongoing training program and an independent audit function to determine the effectiveness of the Program.
Procedures to implement the Program include, but are not limited to, determining that a Funds Distributor and Transfer Agent have established proper anti-money laundering procedures, reported suspicious and/or fraudulent activity and a complete and thorough review of all new opening account applications. The Trust will not transact business with any person or entity whose identity cannot be adequately verified under the provisions of the USA PATRIOT Act.
As a result of the Program, the Trust may be required to freeze the account of a shareholder if the shareholder appears to be involved in suspicious activity or if certain account information matches information on government lists of known terrorists or other suspicious persons, or the Trust may be required to transfer the account or proceeds of the account to a governmental agency.
DIVIDENDS, OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS AND TAXES
The following discussion is general in nature and should not be regarded as an exhaustive presentation of all possible tax ramifications. All shareholders should consult a qualified tax advisor regarding their investment in a Fund.
Each Fund has qualified and intends to continue to qualify and has elected to be treated as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code), which requires compliance with certain requirements concerning the sources of its income, diversification of its assets, and the amount and timing of its distributions to shareholders. Such qualification does not involve supervision of management or investment practices or policies by any government agency or bureau. By so qualifying, the Funds should not be subject to federal income or excise tax on their net investment income or net capital gain, which are distributed to shareholders in accordance with the applicable timing requirements. Net investment income and net capital gain of the Funds will be computed in accordance with Section 852 of the Code.
Net investment income is made up of dividends and interest less expenses. Net capital gain for a fiscal year is computed by taking into account any capital loss carry forward of the Funds.
Each Fund intends to distribute all of its net investment income, any excess of net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses, and any excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses in accordance with the timing requirements imposed by the Code and therefore should not be required to pay any federal income or excise taxes. Distributions of net investment income and net capital gain will be made after the end of each fiscal year, and no later than December 31 of each year. Both types of distributions will be in shares of the Funds unless a shareholder elects to receive cash.
To be treated as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code, each Fund must also (a) derive at least 90% of its gross income from dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans, net income from certain publicly traded partnerships and gains from the sale or other disposition of securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including, but not limited to, gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to the business of investing in such securities or currencies, and (b) diversify its holding so that, at the end of each fiscal quarter, (i) at least 50% of the market value of the Funds assets is represented by cash, U.S. government securities and securities of other regulated investment companies, and other securities (for purposes of this calculation, generally limited in respect of any one issuer, to an amount not greater than 5% of the market value of the Funds assets and 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer) and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of its assets is invested in the securities of (other than U.S. government securities or the securities of other regulated investment companies) any one issuer, two or more issuers which the Fund controls and which are determined to be engaged in the same or similar trades or businesses, or the securities of certain publicly traded partnerships.
If a Fund fails to qualify as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M in any fiscal year, it will be treated as a corporation for federal income tax purposes. S uch Fund would be required to pay income taxes on its net investment income and net realized capital gains, if any, at the rates generally applicable to corporations. Shareholders of a Fund generally would not be liable for income tax on a Funds net investment income or net realized capital gains in their individual capacities. Distributions to shareholders, whether from a Funds net investment income or net realized capital gains, would be treated as taxable dividends to the extent of current or accumulated earnings and profits of a Fund.
Each Fund is subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax on certain undistributed amounts of ordinary income and capital gain under a prescribed formula contained in Section 4982 of the Code. The formula requires payment to shareholders during a calendar year of distributions representing at least 98% of each Funds ordinary income for the calendar year and at least 98% of its capital gain net income (i.e., the excess of its capital gains over capital losses) realized during the one-year period ending October 31 during such year plus 100% of any income that was neither distributed nor taxed to such Fund during the preceding calendar year. Under ordinary circumstances, each Fund expects to time its distributions so as to avoid liability for this tax.
The following discussion of tax consequences is for the general information of shareholders that are subject to tax. Shareholders that are IRAs or other qualified retirement plans are exempt from income taxation under the Code.
Distributions of taxable net investment income and the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. In most cases the Funds will hold shares in Underlying Funds for less than 12 months, such that its sales of such shares from time to time will not qualify as long-term capital gains for those investors who hold shares of the Fund in taxable accounts.
Distributions of net capital gain (capital gain dividends) generally are taxable to shareholders as short-term capital gain; regardless of the length of time the shares of the Trust have been held by such shareholders.
A redemption of a Funds shares by a shareholder will result in the recognition of taxable gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized and the shareholders tax basis in his or her Fund shares. Such gain or loss is treated as a capital gain or loss if the shares are held as capital assets. However, any loss realized upon the redemption of shares within six months from the date of their purchase will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any amounts treated as capital gain dividends during such six-month period. All or a portion of any loss realized upon the redemption of shares may be disallowed to the extent shares are purchased (including shares acquired by means of reinvested dividends) within 30 days before or after such redemption.
Distributions of taxable net investment income and net capital gain will be taxable as described above, whether received in additional cash or shares. Shareholders electing to reinvest distributions in the form of additional shares will have a cost basis for federal income tax purposes in each share so received equal to the net asset value of a share on the reinvestment date.
All distributions of taxable net investment income and net capital gain, whether received in shares or in cash, must be reported by each taxable shareholder on his or her federal income tax return. Dividends or distributions declared in October, November or December as of a record date in such a month, if any, will be deemed to have been received by shareholders on December 31, if paid during January of the following year. Redemptions of shares may result in tax consequences (gain or loss) to the shareholder and are also subject to these reporting requirements.
Under the Code, the Funds will be required to report to the Internal Revenue Service all distributions of taxable income and capital gains as well as gross proceeds from the redemption or exchange of Fund shares, except in the case of certain exempt shareholders. Under the backup withholding provisions of Section 3406 of the Code, distributions of taxable net investment income and net capital gain and proceeds from the redemption or exchange of the shares of a regulated investment company may be subject to withholding of federal income tax in the case of non-exempt shareholders who fail to furnish the investment company with their taxpayer identification numbers and with required certifications regarding their status under the federal income tax law, or if a Fund is notified by the IRS or a broker that withholding is required due to an incorrect TIN or a previous failure to report taxable interest or dividends. If the withholding provisions are applicable, any such distributions and proceeds, whether taken in cash or reinvested in additional shares, will be reduced by the amounts required to be withheld.
Options, Futures, Forward Contracts and Swap Agreements
To the extent such investments are permissible for a Fund, such Fund's transactions in options, futures contracts, hedging transactions, forward contracts, straddles and foreign currencies will be subject to special tax rules (including mark-to-market, constructive sale, straddle, wash sale and short sale rules), the effect of which may be to accelerate income to such Fund, defer losses to such Fund, cause adjustments in the holding periods of such Fund's securities, convert long-term capital gains into short-term capital gains and convert short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses. These rules could therefore affect the amount, timing and character of distributions to shareholders.
To the extent such investments are permissible, certain of the Fund s hedging activities (including its transactions, if any, in foreign currencies or foreign currency-denominated instruments) are likely to produce a difference between its book income and its taxable income. If a Fund's book income exceeds its taxable income, the distribution (if any) of such excess book income will be treated as (i) a dividend to the extent of such Fund's remaining earnings and profits (including earnings and profits arising from tax-exempt income), (ii) thereafter, as a return of capital to the extent of the recipients basis in the shares, and (iii) thereafter, as gain from the sale or exchange of a capital asset. If a Fund's book income is less than taxable income, such Fund could be required to make distributions exceeding book income to qualify as a regulated investment company that is accorded special tax treatment.
Passive Foreign Investment Companies
Investment by a Fund in certain "passive foreign investment companies" ("PFICs") could subject such Fund to a U.S. federal income tax (including interest charges) on distributions received from the company or on proceeds received from the disposition of shares in the company, which tax cannot be eliminated by making distributions to Fund shareholders. However, a Fund may elect to treat a PFIC as a "qualified electing fund" ("QEF), in which case such Fund will be required to include its share of the company's income and net capital gains annually, regardless of whether it receives any distribution from the company.
A Fund also may make an election to mark the gains (and to a limited extent losses) in such holdings "to the market" as though it had sold and repurchased its holdings in those PFICs on the last day of such Fund's taxable year. Such gains and losses are treated as ordinary income and loss. The QEF and mark-to-market elections may accelerate the recognition of income (without the receipt of cash) and increase the amount required to be distributed for a Fund to avoid taxation. Making either of these elections therefore may require a Fund to liquidate other investments (including when it is not advantageous to do so) to meet its distribution requirement, which also may accelerate the recognition of gain and affect a Fund's total return.
Foreign Currency Transactions
A Fund's transactions in foreign currencies, foreign currency-denominated debt securities and certain foreign currency options, futures contracts and forward contracts (and similar instruments) may give rise to ordinary income or loss to the extent such income or loss results from fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency concerned.
Foreign Taxation
Income received by a Fund from sources within foreign countries may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries. Tax treaties and conventions between certain countries and the U.S. may reduce or eliminate such taxes. If more than 50% of the value of a Fund's total assets at the close of its taxable year consists of securities of foreign corporations, such Fund may be able to elect to "pass through" to its shareholders the amount of eligible foreign income and similar taxes paid by such Fund. If this election is made, a shareholder generally subject to tax will be required to include in gross income (in addition to taxable dividends actually received) his or her pro rata share of the foreign taxes paid by such Fund, and may be entitled either to deduct (as an itemized deduction) his or her pro rata share of foreign taxes in computing his or her taxable income or to use it as a foreign tax credit against his or her U.S. federal income tax liability, subject to certain limitations. In particular, a shareholder must hold his or her shares (without protection from risk of loss) on the ex-dividend date and for at least 15 more days during the 30-day period surrounding the ex-dividend date to be eligible to claim a foreign tax credit with respect to a gain dividend. No deduction for foreign taxes may be claimed by a shareholder who does not itemize deductions. Each shareholder will be notified within 60 days after the close of a Fund's taxable year whether the foreign taxes paid by such Fund will "pass through" for that year.
Generally, a credit for foreign taxes is subject to the limitation that it may not exceed the shareholder's U.S. tax attributable to his or her total foreign source taxable income. For this purpose, if the pass-through election is made, the source of a Fund's income will flow through to shareholders of such Fund. With respect to such Fund, gains from the sale of securities will be treated as derived from U.S. sources and certain currency fluctuation gains, including fluctuation gains from foreign currency-denominated debt securities, receivables and payables will be treated as ordinary income derived from U.S. sources. The limitation on the foreign tax credit is applied separately to foreign source passive income, and to certain other types of income. A shareholder may be unable to claim a credit for the full amount of his or her proportionate share of the foreign taxes paid by a Fund. The foreign tax credit can be used to offset only 90% of the revised alternative minimum tax imposed on corporations and individuals and foreign taxes generally are not deductible in computing alternative minimum taxable income.
Original Issue Discount and Pay-In-Kind Securities
Current federal tax law requires the holder of a U.S. Treasury or other fixed income zero coupon security to accrue as income each year a portion of the discount at which the security was purchased, even though the holder receives no interest payment in cash on the security during the year. In addition, pay-in-kind securities will give rise to income, which is required to be distributed and is taxable even though a Fund holding the security receives no interest payment in cash on the security during the year.
Some of the debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by a Fund may be treated as debt securities that are issued originally at a discount. Generally, the amount of the original issue discount ("OID") is treated as interest income and is included in income over the term of the debt security, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, usually when the debt security matures. A portion of the OID includable in income with respect to certain high-yield corporate debt securities (including certain pay-in-kind securities) may be treated as a dividend for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Some of the debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by a Fund in the secondary market may be treated as having market discount. Generally, any gain recognized on the disposition of, and any partial payment of principal on, a debt security having market discount is treated as ordinary income to the extent the gain, or principal payment, does not exceed the "accrued market discount" on such debt security. Market discount generally accrues in equal daily installments. The Funds may make one or more of the elections applicable to debt securities having market discount, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income.
Some debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of one year or less from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by a Fund may be treated as having acquisition discount, or OID in the case of certain types of debt securities. Generally, a Fund will be required to include the acquisition discount, or OID, in income over the term of the debt security, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, usually when the debt security matures. The Funds may make one or more of the elections applicable to debt securities having acquisition discount, or OID, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income.
If a Fund holds the foregoing kinds of securities, it may be required to pay out as an income distribution each year an amount that is greater than the total amount of cash interest such Fund actually received. Such distributions may be made from the cash assets of a Fund or by liquidation of portfolio securities, if necessary (including when it is not advantageous to do so). A Fund may realize gains or losses from such liquidations. In the event a Fund realizes net capital gains from such transactions, its shareholders may receive a larger capital gain distribution, if any, than they would in the absence of such transactions.
Shareholders of a Fund may be subject to state and local taxes on distributions received from such Fund and on redemptions of such Fund's shares.
A brief explanation of the form and character of the distribution accompany each distribution. In January of each year the Funds issue to each shareholder a statement of the federal income tax status of all distributions.
Shareholders should consult their tax advisors about the application of federal, state and local and foreign tax law in light of their particular situation.
Capital Loss Carryovers. As of August 31, 2011 , the following Funds had capital loss carryovers on a tax basis in the respective amounts, expiring in the indicated taxable years, shown below:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8/31/2014 |
|
8/31/2015 |
|
8/31/2016 |
|
8/31/2017 |
|
8/31/2018 |
|
Total |
||||||||||||
Select Alternative Fund |
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
Global Perspective Fund |
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
14,988,713 |
|
|
$ |
1,648,038 |
|
|
$ |
16,636,751 |
|
Equity Opportunity Fund |
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
3,256,865 |
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$ |
3,256,865 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital Loss Utilized: |
|
8/31/2010 |
||
Select Alternative Fund |
|
$ |
3,209,391 |
|
Equity Opportunity Fund |
|
|
1,167,325 |
|
To the extent a Fund listed in the preceding table realizes future net capital gains, those gains will be offset by any unused capital loss
carryover(s).
Pursuant to the Regulated Investment Company Modernization Act of 2010, capital losses sustained in future taxable years will not expire and may be carried over by a Fund without limitation (after it uses the capital loss carryovers tabulated above).
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The financial statements for the Predecessor Funds for the fiscal year ended August 31, 201 0, are hereby incorporated by reference in the Funds Annual Report to shareholders dated August 31, 2011 . To receive a copy of the Prospectus or Annual or Semi-Annual R eports of the Predecessor Funds to shareholders, without charge, write to or call the Trust at the address or telephone number listed above.
Appendix A
Description of Corporate Bond Ratings
|
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|
|
A. |
|
Long-Term Ratings |
1. |
|
Moodys Investors Service Long-Term Corporate Obligation Ratings
|
Aaa |
|
Obligations rated Aaa are judged to be of the highest quality, with minimal credit risk. |
Aa |
|
Obligations rated Aa are judged to be of high quality and are subject to very low credit risk. |
A |
|
Obligations rated A are considered upper-medium grade and are subject to low credit risk. |
Baa |
|
Obligations rated Baa are subject to moderate credit risk. They are considered mediumgrade and as such may possess certain speculative characteristics. |
Ba |
|
Obligations rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements and are subject to substantial credit risk. |
B |
|
Obligations rated B are considered speculative and are subject to high credit risk. |
Caa |
|
Obligations rated Caa are judged to be of poor standing and are subject to very high credit risk. |
Ca |
|
Obligations rated Ca are highly speculative and are likely in, or very near, default, with some prospect of recovery of principal and interest. |
C |
|
Obligations rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds and are typically in default, with little prospect for recovery of principal or interest. |
Note |
|
Moodys appends numerical modifiers 1, 2, and 3 to each generic rating classification from Aa through Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the obligation ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category. |
2. |
|
Standard and Poors Long-Term Issue Credit Ratings (including Preferred Stock) |
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|
Issue credit ratings are based, in varying degrees, on the following considerations: |
|
|
Likelihood of paymentcapacity and willingness of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on an obligation in accordance with the terms of the obligation; |
|
|
Nature of and provisions of the obligation; |
|
|
Protection afforded by, and relative position of, the obligation in the event of bankruptcy, reorganization, or other arrangement under the laws of bankruptcy and other laws affecting creditors rights. |
|
|
Issue ratings are an assessment of default risk, but may incorporate an assessment of relative seniority or |
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|
ultimate recovery in the event of default. Junior obligations are typically rated lower than senior obligations, to reflect the lower priority in bankruptcy, as noted above. (Such differentiation may apply when an entity has both senior and subordinated obligations, secured and unsecured obligations, or operating company and holding company obligations.) |
AAA |
|
An obligation rated AAA has the highest rating assigned by Standard & Poors. The obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is extremely strong. |
AA |
|
An obligation rated AA differs from the highest-rated obligations only to a small degree. The obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is very strong. |
A |
|
An obligation rated A is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However, the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is still strong. |
BBB |
|
An obligation rated BBB exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. |
Note |
|
Obligations rated BB, B, CCC, CC, and C are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. BB indicates the least degree of speculation and C the highest. While such obligations will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions. |
BB |
|
An obligation rated BB is less vulnerable to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligors inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. |
B |
|
An obligation rated B is more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated BB, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligors capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. |
CCC |
|
An obligation rated CCC is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. |
CC |
|
An obligation rated CC is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment. |
C |
|
A C rating is assigned to obligations that are currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment, obligations that have payment arrearages allowed by the terms of the documents, or obligations of an issuer that is the subject of a bankruptcy petition or similar action which have not experienced a payment default. Among others, the C rating may be assigned to subordinated debt, preferred stock or other obligations on which cash payments have been suspended in accordance with the instruments terms. |
D |
|
An obligation rated D is in payment default. The D rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless Standard & Poors believes that such payments will be made during such grace period. The D rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action if payments on an obligation are jeopardized. |
Note |
|
Plus (+) or minus (-). The ratings from AA to CCC may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
NR |
|
This indicates that no rating has been requested, that there is insufficient information on which to base a rating, or that Standard & Poors does not rate a particular obligation as a matter of policy. |
3. |
|
Fitch International Long-Term Credit Ratings
|
|
|
Investment Grade |
AAA |
|
Highest credit quality. AAA ratings denote the lowest expectation of credit risk. They are assigned only in case of exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events. |
AA |
|
Very high credit quality. AA ratings denote expectations of very low credit risk. They indicate very strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events. |
A |
|
High credit quality. A ratings denote expectations of low credit risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered strong. This capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to changes in circumstances or in economic conditions than is the case for higher ratings. |
BBB |
|
Good credit quality. BBB ratings indicate that there are currently expectations of low credit risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate but adverse changes in circumstances and economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity. This is the lowest investment grade category. |
|
|
Speculative Grade |
BB |
|
Speculative. BB ratings indicate that there is a possibility of credit risk developing, particularly as the result of adverse economic change over time; however, business or financial alternatives may be available to allow financial commitments to be met. Securities rated in this category are not investment grade. |
B |
|
Highly speculative. B ratings indicate that significant credit risk is present, but a limited margin of safety remains. Financial commitments are currently being met; however, capacity for continued payment is contingent upon a sustained, favorable business and economic environment. |
CCC |
|
Default is a real possibility. Capacity for meeting financial commitments is solely reliant upon sustained, favorable business or economic conditions. |
CC |
|
Default of some kind appears probable. |
C |
|
Default is imminent. |
RD |
|
Indicates an entity that has failed to make due payments (within the applicable grace period) on some but not all material financial obligations, but continues to honor other classes of obligations. |
D |
|
Indicates an entity or sovereign that has defaulted on all of its financial obligations. Default generally is |
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P-2 |
|
Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-2 have a strong ability to repay short-term debt obligations. |
P-3 |
|
Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-3 have an acceptable ability to repay short-term obligations. |
NP |
|
Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime rating categories. |
Note |
|
Canadian issuers rated P-1 or P-2 have their short-term ratings enhanced by the senior-most long-term rating of the issuer, its guarantor or support-provider. |
2. |
|
Standard and Poors |
A-1 |
|
A short-term obligation rated A-1 is rated in the highest category by Standard & Poors. The obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is strong. Within this category, certain obligations are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on these obligations is extremely strong. |
A-2 |
|
A short-term obligation rated A-2 is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rating categories. However, the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is satisfactory. |
A-3 |
|
A short-term obligation rated A-3 exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. |
B |
|
A short-term obligation rated B is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. Ratings of B-1, B-2, and B-3 may be assigned to indicate finer distinctions within the B category. The obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties which could lead to the obligors inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. |
B-1 |
|
A short-term obligation rated B-1 is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics, but the obligor has a relatively stronger capacity to meet its financial commitments over the short-term compared to other speculative-grade obligors. |
B-2 |
|
A short-term obligation rated B-2 is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics, and the obligor has an average speculative-grade capacity to meet its financial commitments over the short-term compared to other speculative-grade obligors. |
B-3 |
|
A short-term obligation rated B-3 is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics, and the obligor has a relatively weaker capacity to meet its financial commitments over the short-term compared to other speculative-grade obligors. |
C |
|
A short-term obligation rated C is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. |
D |
|
A short-term obligation rated D is in payment default. The D rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless Standard & Poors believes that such payments will be made during such grace period. The D rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action if payments on an obligation are jeopardized. |
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|
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|
Note |
|
Dual Ratings. Standard & Poors assigns dual ratings to all debt issues that have a put option or demand feature as part of their structure. The first rating addresses the likelihood of repayment of principal and interest as due, and the second rating addresses only the demand feature. The long-term rating symbols are used for bonds to denote the long-term maturity and the short-term rating symbols for the put option (for example, AAA/A-1+). With U.S. municipal short-term demand debt, note rating symbols are used with the short-term issue credit rating symbols (for example, SP-1+/A-1+). |
3. |
|
Fitch
|
F1 |
|
Highest credit quality. Indicates the strongest capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have an added + to denote any exceptionally strong credit feature. |
F2 |
|
Good credit quality. A satisfactory capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, but the margin of safety is not as great as in the case of the higher ratings. |
F3 |
|
Fair credit quality. The capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is adequate; however, near term adverse changes could result in a reduction to non investment grade. |
B |
|
Speculative. Minimal capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, plus vulnerability to near term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions. |
C |
|
High default risk. Default is a real possibility. Capacity for meeting financial commitments is solely reliant upon a sustained, favorable business and economic environment. |
D |
|
Indicates an entity or sovereign that has defaulted on all of its financial obligations. |
Note |
|
The modifiers + or - may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffixes are not added to the AAA Long-term rating category, to categories below CCC, or to Short-term ratings other than F1. (The +/- modifiers are only used to denote issues within the CCC category, whereas issuers are only rated CCC without the use of modifiers.) |
APPENDIX B
[insert new advisor proxy voting policy]
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Dated August 1, 2011
TWO OAKS DIVERSIFIED INCOME FUND
a Series of
Northern Lights Fund Trust II
c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC
4020 South 147 th Street, Suite 2
Omaha, NE 68137
This Statement of Additional Information ("SAI") is not a Prospectus and should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus of the Two Oaks Diversified Income Fund (the Fund) dated August 1, 2011 . This SAI incorporates by reference the Annual Report for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011 of the Montecito Fund, (the Predecessor Fund), a series of the Santa Barbara Group of Mutual Funds, Inc. You may obtain a copy of the Prospectus or the Predecessor Funds, Annual or Semi-Annual Report, free of charge, by writing to the Fund, c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC, 4020 South 147 th Street, Suite 2, Omaha, NE 68137 or by calling 1-800-723-8637.
The current Prospectus for the Fund is incorporated herein by reference for all purposes, and all defined terms in the Prospectus have the same meanings and are used in this SAI for the same purposes.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
About the Funds |
3 |
Investment Policies |
3 |
Investment Restrictions |
13 |
Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings |
15 |
Fund Manager |
16 |
Operating Services Agreement |
18 |
Directors and Officers |
19 |
Compensation of Directors |
22 |
Control Persons and Principal Holders of the Fund |
24 |
Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures |
24 |
Purchasing and Redeeming Shares |
25 |
Tax Information |
25 |
Custodian |
27 |
Custody Administrator |
27 |
Transfer Agent |
27 |
Administration |
28 |
Compliance Services |
28 |
Portfolio Managers |
28 |
Brokerage Allocation and Portfolio Transactions |
30 |
Distributor |
31 |
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |
31 |
Distribution Plans |
31 |
Financial Statements |
33 |
Appendix A |
34 |
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|
|
ABOUT THE FUND
The Two Oaks Diversified Income Fund (the Fund) is a diversified series of Northern Lights Fund Trust II, (the Trust), a Delaware statutory trust organized on August 26, 2010. The Fund was organized on ____, 2011 to acquire all the assets of the Montecito Fund (the Predecessor Fund), a series of The Santa Barbara Group of Mutual Funds(the Predecessor Company), a Maryland corporation, in a tax-free reorganization, effective [August 1], 2011 (the Reorganization).
The Trust is registered as an open-end management investment company. The Trust is governed by its Board of Trustees (the "Board" or "Trustees"). The Fund may issue an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest. All shares of the Fund have equal rights and privileges. Each share of the Fund is entitled to one vote on all matters as to which shares are entitled to vote. In addition, each share of the Fund is entitled to participate equally with other shares (i) in dividends and distributions declared by the Fund and (ii) on liquidation to its proportionate share of the assets remaining after satisfaction of outstanding liabilities. Shares of the Fund are fully paid, non-assessable and fully transferable when issued and have no pre-emptive, conversion or exchange rights. Fractional shares have proportionately the same rights, including voting rights, as are provided for a full share.
The Fund is a diversified series of the Trust. The Fund's investment objective, restrictions and policies are more fully described here and in the Prospectus. The Board may add classes to and reclassify the shares of the Fund, start other series and offer shares of a new fund under the Trust at any time.
The Fund offers two classes of shares: Class A shares and Class C shares. Each share class represents an interest in the same assets of the Fund, has the same rights and is identical in all material respects except that (i) each class of shares may be subject to different (or no) sales loads, (ii) each class of shares may bear different (or no) distribution fees; (iii) each class of shares may have different shareholder features, such as minimum investment amounts; (iv) certain other class-specific expenses will be borne solely by the class to which such expenses are attributable, including transfer agent fees attributable to a specific class of shares, printing and postage expenses related to preparing and distributing materials to current shareholders of a specific class, registration fees paid by a specific class of shares, the expenses of administrative personnel and services required to support the shareholders of a specific class, litigation or other legal expenses relating to a class of shares, Trustees' fees or expenses paid as a result of issues relating to a specific class of shares and accounting fees and expenses relating to a specific class of shares and (v) each class has exclusive voting rights with respect to matters relating to its own distribution arrangements. Each share of the Fund is entitled to one vote on all matters as to which shares are entitled to vote. In addition, each share of the Fund is entitled to participate equally with other shares on a class-specific basis (i) in dividends and distributions declared by the Fund and (ii) on liquidation to its proportionate share of the assets remaining after satisfaction of outstanding liabilities. Shares of the Funds are fully paid, non-assessable and fully transferable when issued and have no pre-emptive, conversion or exchange rights. Fractional shares have proportionately the same rights, including voting rights, as are provided for a full share.
Under the Trust's Agreement and Declaration of Trust, each Trustee will continue in office until the termination of the Trust or his/her earlier death, incapacity, resignation or removal. Shareholders can remove a Trustee to the extent provided by the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "1940 Act") and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. Vacancies may be filled by a majority of the remaining Trustees, except insofar as the 1940 Act may require the election by shareholders. As a result, normally no annual or regular meetings of shareholders will be held unless matters arise requiring a vote of shareholders under the Agreement and Declaration of Trust or the 1940 Act.
Two Oaks Investment Management, Inc. the Fund Manager) serves as the advisor to the Fund.
INVESTMENT POLICIES
The Funds investment objective and the manner in which the Fund pursues its investment objectives are generally discussed in the Prospectus. This section provides additional information concerning the Fund s investments and its investment restrictions.
The Fund is a diversified Fund, meaning that as to 75% of the Funds assets (valued at the time of investment), the Fund will not invest more than 5% of its assets in securities of any one issuer, except in obligations of the United States Government and its agencies and instrumentalities, thereby reducing the risk of loss.
The Funds investment objective is not a fundamental policy and may be changed without shareholder approval.
U.S. GOVERNMENT SECURITIES
The Fund may invest in U.S. government securities. U.S. government securities are obligations of, or guaranteed by, the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities. Securities guaranteed by the U.S. government include:
(i) direct obligations of the U.S. Treasury (such as Treasury bills, notes, and bonds) and (ii) federal agency obligations guaranteed as to principal and interest by the U.S. Treasury (such as GNMA certificates, which are mortgage-backed securities). With respect to these securities, the payment of principal and interest is unconditionally guaranteed by the U.S. government, and thus they are of the highest possible credit quality. Such securities are subject to variations in market value due to fluctuations in interest rates, but, if held to maturity, will be paid in full.
Securities issued by U.S. government instrumentalities and certain federal agencies are neither direct obligations of nor guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury. However, they involve federal sponsorship in one way or another; some are backed by specific types of collateral; some are supported by the issuers right to borrow from the Treasury; some are supported by the discretionary authority of the Treasury to purchase certain obligations of the issuer; others are supported only by the credit of the issuing government agency or instrumentality. These agencies and instrumentalities include, but are not limited to, Federal Land Banks, Farmers Home Administration, Central Bank for Cooperatives, Federal Intermediate Credit Banks, Federal Home Loan Banks, Federal National Mortgage Association, and Student Loan Marketing Association.
For more detailed information regarding the characteristics of securities issued by U.S. government agencies and instrumentalities, please read the section of this SAI entitled MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES.
COMMERCIAL PAPER
The Fund may invest in commercial paper. Commercial paper consists of short-term (usually from 1 to 270 days) unsecured promissory notes issued in bearer form by bank holding companies, corporations and finance companies. The Funds may invest in commercial paper, which, at the date of investment, is rated A-1 or higher by Standard & Poors Corporations or Prime-1 or higher by Moody Investors Services, Inc.
FOREIGN SECURITIES
T he Fund may invest up to 45% of the value of their respective total assets in securities of foreign issuers represented by American Depositary Receipts listed on a U.S. domestic securities exchange or included in the NASDAQ National Market System, or foreign securities listed directly on a domestic securities exchange. Income and gains on such securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Investors should consider carefully the substantial risks involved in securities of companies and governments of foreign nations, which are in addition to the usual risks inherent in domestic investments.
There may be less publicly available information about foreign companies comparable to the reports and ratings published about companies in the United States. Foreign companies are not generally subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, and auditing practices and requirements may not be comparable to those applicable to United States companies. Foreign markets have substantially less volume than larger U.S. exchanges and markets, and securities of some foreign companies are less liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable United States companies. Commission rates in foreign countries, which are generally fixed rather than subject to negotiation as in the United States, are likely to be higher. In many foreign countries there is less government supervision and regulation of stock exchanges, brokers, and listed companies than in the United States.
BORROWING
The Fund is authorized to borrow money from a bank in amounts up to 5% of the value of its total assets at the time of such borrowing for temporary purposes, and is authorized to borrow money in excess of the 5% limit as permitted by the 1940 Act to meet redemption requests. The Fund will not engage in the purchase of portfolio securities while borrowings exceed 5% of its total assets. Fund borrowings may be unsecured. The 1940 Act requires the Fund to maintain continuous asset coverage of 300% of the amount borrowed. If the Fund's asset coverage should decline below 300% as a result of market fluctuations or other reasons, the Fund may be required to sell some of its portfolio holdings within three days to reduce the debt and restore the 300% asset coverage, even though it may be disadvantageous from an investment standpoint to sell securities at that time. Borrowing may exaggerate the effect on net asset value of any increase or decrease in the market value of the Fund. Money borrowed will be subject to interest costs, which may or may not be recovered by an appreciation of the securities purchased. The Fund may also be required to maintain minimum average balances in connection with such borrowing or to pay a commitment or other fee to maintain a line of credit; either of these requirements would increase the cost of borrowing over the stated interest rate. The Fund may, in connection with permissible borrowing, pledge securities owned by the Fund as collateral.
EXCHANGE TRADED FUNDS
The Fund may invest in a range of exchange-traded funds ("ETFs"). The shares of an ETF may be assembled in a block (typically 50,000 shares) known as a creation unit and redeemed in-kind for a portfolio of the underlying securities (based on the ETF's net asset value) together with a cash payment generally equal to accumulated dividends as of the date of redemption. Conversely, a creation unit may be purchased from the ETF by depositing a specified portfolio of the ETF's underlying securities, as well as a cash payment generally equal to accumulated dividends of the securities (net of expenses) up to the time of deposit. The Fund may redeem creation units for the underlying securities (and any applicable cash), and may assemble a portfolio of the underlying securities and use it (and any required cash) to purchase creation units, if the Fund Manager believes it is in the Fund's interest to do so. The Fund's ability to redeem creation units may be limited by the 1940 Act, which provides that the ETFs will not be obligated to redeem shares held by the Fund in an amount exceeding one percent of their total outstanding securities during any period of less than 30 days.
There is a risk that the underlying ETFs in which the Fund invests may terminate due to extraordinary events that may cause any of the service providers to the ETFs, such as the trustee or sponsor, to close or otherwise fail to perform their obligations to the ETF. Also, because the ETFs in which the Fund intend s to principally invest may be granted licenses by agreement to use the indices as a basis for determining their compositions and/or otherwise to use certain trade names, the ETFs may terminate if such license agreements are terminated. In addition, an ETF may terminate if its entire net asset value falls below a certain amount. Although the Fund believes that, in the event of the termination of an underlying ETF, it will be able to invest instead in shares of an alternate ETF tracking the same market index or another market index with the same general market, there is no guarantee that shares of an alternate ETF would be available for investment at that time. To the extent the Fund invests in a sector product, the Fund is subject to the risks associated with that sector.
INVESTMENT COMPANY SECURITIES
The Fund may invest in the securities of other investment companies to the extent that such an investment would be consistent with the requirements of the 1940 Act and the Fund's investment objectives. Investments in the securities of other investment companies may involve duplication of advisory fees and certain other expenses. By investing in another investment company, the Fund becomes a shareholder of that investment company. As a result, the Funds shareholders indirectly will bear the Funds proportionate share of the fees and expenses paid by shareholders of the other investment company, in addition to the fees and expenses the Funds shareholders directly bear in connection with the Funds own operations.
Under Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act, a Fund may only invest up to 5% of its total assets in the securities of any one investment company (the 5% Limitation), but may not own more than 3% of the outstanding voting stock of any one investment company or invest more than 10% of its total assets in the securities of other investment companies (the 10% Limitation).
However, the Fund may rely on Rule 12d1-3, which allows unaffiliated mutual funds to exceed the 5% Limitation and the 10% Limitation, provided the aggregate sales loads any investor pays (i.e., the combined distribution expenses of both the acquiring fund and the acquired funds) does not exceed the limits on sales loads established by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) for funds of funds. In addition, the Fund may rely on Rule 12d1-1, which allows a Fund to invest in money market funds without limitation, provided the aggregate sales loads any investor pays (i.e., the combined distribution expenses of both the acquiring fund and the acquired funds) does not exceed the limits on sales loads established by FINRA for funds of funds, or the Fund's adviser waives its advisory fees in an amount necessary to offset any sales charge or service fee.
EQUITY SECURITIES
The Fund will invest in equity securities. Equity securities consist of common stock, convertible preferred stock, rights and warrants. Common stocks, the most familiar type, represent an equity (ownership) interest in a corporation. Common stocks generally have voting rights. Warrants are options to purchase equity securities at a specified price valid for a specific time period. Warrants may be either perpetual or of limited duration but usually do not have voting rights, pay dividends or have rights with respect to the assets of the corporation issuing them. Rights are similar to warrants, but normally have shorter durations and are distributed by the issuer to its shareholders. Although equity securities have a history of long term growth in value, their prices fluctuate based on changes in a companys financial condition and on overall market and economic conditions. Convertible securities include corporate bonds, notes and preferred stock that can be converted into or exchanged for a prescribed amount of common stock, within a particular period of time, at a specified price or formula. A convertible security generally entitles a holder to receive interest paid or accrued on debt or dividends paid on preferred stock until the convertible stock matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged.
Investments in equity securities are subject to inherent market risks and fluctuations in value due to earnings, economic conditions and other factors beyond the control of the Fund Manager. As a result, the return and net asset value of a Fund will fluctuate. Securities in a Funds portfolio may not increase as much as the market as a whole, and some undervalued securities may continue to be undervalued for long periods of time. Although profits in some Fund holdings may be realized quickly, it is not expected that most investments will appreciate rapidly.
CORPORATE DEBT SECURITIES
The Fund may invest in corporate debt securities. Corporate debt securities are bonds, non-convertible preferred stock that have fixed dividends and give the issuer the right to redeem the stock at a specified date and price, and notes issued by businesses in order to finance credit needs. Corporate debt securities also include commercial paper.
Corporate debt securities also include zero coupon securities. Zero coupon securities are debt securities issued or sold at a discount from their face value and do not entitle the holder to any periodic payment of interest prior to maturity or a specified redemption date (or cash payment date). These securities involve risks that are similar to those of other debt securities, although they may be more volatile, and the values of certain zero coupon securities move in the same direction as interest rates. The amount of the discount varies depending on the time remaining until maturity or cash payment date, prevailing interest rates, liquidity of the security and perceived credit quality of the issuer. Zero coupon securities also may take the form of debt securities that have been stripped of their unmatured interest coupons, the coupons themselves and receipts or certificates representing interests in such stripped debt obligations and coupons. The market prices of zero coupon securities generally are more volatile than the market prices of interest-bearing securities and are likely to respond to a greater degree to changes in interest rates than interest-bearing securities having similar maturities and credit qualities.
The Fund will invest only in investment grade debt securities. The Fund Manager considers corporate debt securities to be of investment grade quality if they are rated in the investment grade categories by S&P or Moodys Investors Services, Inc. ("Moodys"), or if unrated, are determined by the Fund Manager to be of comparable quality.
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS
The Fund may invest in fully collateralized repurchase agreements. A repurchase agreement is a short - term investment in which the purchaser ( i.e. , a Fund) acquires ownership of a security and the seller agrees to repurchase the obligation at a future time at a set price, thereby determining the yield during the purchasers holding period (usually not more than seven days from the date of purchase). Any repurchase transactions entered into by the Fund require s full collateralization of the sellers obligation during the entire term of the repurchase agreement. In the event of a bankruptcy or other default of the seller, the Fund could experience both delays in liquidating the underlying security and losses in value. However, the Fund intend s to enter into repurchase agreements only with its custodian, other banks with assets of $1 billion or more and registered securities dealers determined by the Fund Manager to be creditworthy. The Fund Manager monitors the creditworthiness of the banks and securities dealers with which the Fund engages in repurchase transactions. The Fund may not enter into a repurchase agreement with a term of more than seven days if, as a result, more than 15% of the value of its net assets would then be invested in such repurchase agreements and other illiquid investments.
CONVERTIBLE SECURITIES
The Fund may invest in convertible securities, including fixed income securities that may be exchanged or converted into a predetermined number of shares of the issuer's underlying common stock at the option of the holder during a specified period. Convertible securities may take the form of convertible preferred stock, convertible bonds or debentures, units consisting of "usable" bonds and warrants or a combination of the features of several of these securities. Convertible securities are senior to common stocks in an issuer's capital structure, but are usually subordinated to similar non-convertible securities. While providing a fixed-income stream (generally higher in yield than the income derivable from common stock but lower than that afforded by a similar nonconvertible security), a convertible security also gives an investor the opportunity, through its conversion feature, to participate in the capital appreciation of the issuing company depending upon a market price advance in the convertible security's underlying common stock.
ILLIQUID AND 144A SECURITIES
The Fund may invest up to 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities. Illiquid securities include securities subject to contractual or legal restrictions on resale (e.g., because they have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act")) and securities that are otherwise not readily marketable (e.g., because trading in the security is suspended or because market makers do not exist or will not entertain bids or offers). Securities that have not been registered under the Securities Act are referred to as private placements or restricted securities and are purchased directly from the issuer or in the secondary market. Foreign securities that are freely tradable in their principal markets are not considered to be illiquid.
Restricted and other illiquid securities may be subject to the potential for delays on resale and uncertainty in valuation. The Fund might be unable to dispose of illiquid securities promptly or at reasonable prices and might thereby experience difficulty in satisfying redemption requests from shareholders. The Fund might have to register restricted securities in order to dispose of them, resulting in additional expense and delay. Adverse market conditions could impede such a public offering of securities.
A large institutional market exists for certain securities that are not registered under the Securities Act, including foreign securities. The fact that there are contractual or legal restrictions on resale to the general public or to certain institutions may not be indicative of the liquidity of such investments. Rule 144A under the Securities Act allows such a broader institutional trading market for securities otherwise subject to restrictions on resale to the general public. Rule 144A establishes a "safe harbor" from the registration requirements of the Securities Act for resale of certain securities to qualified institutional buyers. Rule 144A has produced enhanced liquidity for many restricted securities, and market liquidity for such securities may continue to expand as a result of this regulation and the consequent existence of the PORTAL system, which is an automated system for the trading, clearance and settlement of unregistered securities of domestic and foreign issuers sponsored by the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc.
Under guidelines adopted by the Trust's Board, the Fund's Manager may determine that particular Rule 144A securities, and commercial paper issued in reliance on the private placement exemption from registration afforded by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act, are liquid even though they are not registered. A determination of whether such a security is liquid or not is a question of fact. In making this determination, the Manager will consider, as it deems appropriate under the circumstances and among other factors: (1) the frequency of trades and quotes for the security; (2) the number of dealers willing to purchase or sell the security; (3) the number of other potential purchasers of the security; (4) dealer undertakings to make a market in the security; (5) the nature of the security (e.g., debt or equity, date of maturity, terms of dividend or interest payments, and other material terms) and the nature of the marketplace trades (e.g., the time needed to dispose of the security, the method of soliciting offers, and the mechanics of transfer); and (6) the rating of the security and the financial condition and prospects of the issuer. In the case of commercial paper, the Manager will also determine that the paper (1) is not traded flat or in default as to principal and interest, and (2) is rated in one of the two highest rating categories by at least two National Statistical Rating Organizations ("NRSRO") or, if only one NRSRO rates the security, by that NRSRO, or, if the security is unrated, the Manager determines that it is of equivalent quality.
Rule 144A securities and Section 4(2) commercial paper that have been deemed liquid as described above will continue to be monitored by the Manager to determine if the security is no longer liquid as the result of changed conditions. Investing in Rule 144A securities or Section 4(2) commercial paper could have the effect of increasing the amount of a Fund's assets invested in illiquid securities if institutional buyers are unwilling to purchase such securities.
MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES
The Fund may invest in mortgage-backed securities. Mortgage-backed securities represent participation interests in pools of one-to-four family residential mortgage loans originated by private mortgage originators. Traditionally, residential mortgage-backed securities have been issued by U.S. governmental agencies such as the Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. The Fund does not intend to invest in commercial mortgage-backed securities. Non-governmental entities that have issued or sponsored residential mortgage-backed securities offerings include savings and loan associations, mortgage banks, insurance companies, investment banks and special purpose subsidiaries of the foregoing.
While residential loans do not typically have prepayment penalties or restrictions, they are often structured so that subordinated classes may be locked out of prepayments for a period of time. However, in a period of extremely rapid prepayments, during which senior classes may be retired faster than expected, the subordinated classes may receive unscheduled payments of principal and would have average lives that, while longer than the average lives of the senior classes, would be shorter than originally expected. The types of residential mortgage-backed securities in which the Fund may invest may include the following:
Guaranteed Mortgage Pass-Through Securities . The Fund may invest in mortgage pass-through securities representing participation interests in pools of residential mortgage loans issued by the U.S. government or guaranteed, to the extent provided in such securities, by the U.S. government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities. Such securities, which are ownership interests in the underlying mortgage loans, differ from conventional debt securities, which provide for periodic payment of interest in fixed amounts (usually semi-annually) and principal payments at maturity or on specified call dates. Mortgage pass-through securities provide for monthly payments that are a pass-through of the monthly interest and principal payments (including any prepayments) made by the individual borrowers on the pooled mortgage loans, net of any fees paid to the guarantor of such securities and the servicer of the underlying mortgage loans. The guaranteed mortgage pass-through securities in which the Fund will invest are those issued or guaranteed by Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
Private Mortgage Pass-Through Securities . Private mortgage pass-through securities (Private Pass-Throughs) are structured similarly to the Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac mortgage pass-through securities described above and are issued by originators of and investors in mortgage loans, including savings and loan associations, mortgage banks, commercial banks, investment banks and special purpose subsidiaries of the foregoing. Private Pass-Throughs are usually backed by a pool of conventional fixed rate or adjustable rate mortgage loans.
Since Private Pass-Throughs typically are not guaranteed by an entity having the credit status of Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac, such securities generally are structured with one or more types of credit enhancement.
Collateralized Mortgage Obligations . CMOs are debt obligations collateralized by mortgage loans or mortgage pass-through securities. Typically, CMOs are collateralized by Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac Certificates, but also may be collateralized by whole loans or Private Pass-Throughs (Mortgage Assets).
Multi-class pass-through securities are equity interests in a fund composed of Mortgage Assets. Unless the context indicates otherwise, all references herein to CMOs include multi-class pass-through securities. Payments of principal of and interest on the Mortgage Assets, and any reinvestment income thereon, provide the funds to pay debt service on the CMOs or make scheduled distributions on the multi-class pass-through securities. CMOs may be sponsored by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. government, or by private originators of, or investors in, mortgage loans, including savings and loan associations, mortgage banks, commercial banks, investment banks and special purpose subsidiaries of the foregoing. Under current law, every newly created CMO issuer must elect to be treated for federal income tax purposes as a Real Estate Mortgage Investment Conduit (a REMIC).
In a CMO, a series of bonds or certificates is issued in multiple classes. Each class of CMOs, often referred to as a tranche, is issued at a specific fixed or floating coupon rate and has a stated maturity or final distribution date. Principal prepayments on the Mortgage Assets may cause the CMOs to be retired substantially earlier than their stated maturities or final distribution dates. Interest is paid or accrues on all classes of the CMOs on a monthly, quarterly or semi-annual basis. The principal of and interest on the Mortgage Assets may be allocated among the several classes of a series of a CMO in innumerable ways. In one structure, payments of principal, including any principal prepayments, on the Mortgage Assets are applied to the classes of a CMO in the order of their respective stated maturities or final distribution dates, so that no payment of principal will be made on any class of CMOs until all other classes having an earlier stated maturity or final distribution date have been paid in full.
The Fund may also invest in, among others, parallel pay CMOs and Planned Amortization Class CMOs (PAC Bonds). Parallel pay CMOs are structured to provide payments of principal on each payment date to more than one class. These simultaneous payments are taken into account in calculating the stated maturity date or final distribution date of each class, which, as with other CMO structures, must be retired by its payments of a specified amount of principal on each payment date.
Ginnie Mae Certificates . Ginnie Mae is a wholly-owned corporate instrumentality of the U.S. government within the Department of Housing and Urban Development. The National Housing Act of 1934, as amended (the Housing Act), authorizes Ginnie Mae to guarantee the timely payment of the principal of and interest on certificates that are based on and backed by a pool of mortgage loans insured by the Federal Housing Administration under the Housing Act, or Title V of the Housing Act of 1949 (FHA Loans), or guaranteed by the Veterans Administration under the Servicemens Readjustment Act of 1944, as amended (VA Loans), or by pools of other eligible mortgage loans. The Housing Act provides that the full faith and credit of the U.S. government is pledged to the payment of all amounts that may be required to be paid under any guarantee.
Ginnie Mae Certificates will represent a pro rata interest in one or more pools of the following types of mortgage loans: (i) fixed rate level payment mortgage loans; (ii) fixed rate graduated payment mortgage loans; (iii) fixed rate growing equity mortgage loans; (iv) fixed rate mortgage loans secured by manufactured (mobile) homes; (v) mortgage loans on multifamily residential properties under construction; (vi) mortgage loans on completed multifamily projects; (vii) fixed rate mortgage loans as to which escrowed funds are used to reduce the borrowers monthly payments during the early years of the mortgage loans (buydown mortgage loans); (viii) mortgage loans that provide for adjustments in payments based on periodic changes in interest rates or in other payment terms of the mortgage loans; and (ix) mortgage-backed serial notes. All of these mortgage loans will be FHA Loans or VA Loans and, except as otherwise specified above, will be fully-amortizing loans secured by first liens on one-to-four family housing units.
Fannie Mae Certificates . Fannie Mae is a federally chartered and privately owned corporation organized and existing under the Federal National Mortgage Association Charter Act. Fannie Mae was originally established in 1938 as a U.S. government agency to provide supplemental liquidity to the mortgage market and was transformed into a stockholder owned and privately managed corporation by legislation enacted in 1968. Fannie Mae provides funds to the mortgage market primarily by purchasing home mortgage loans from local lenders, thereby replenishing their funds for additional lending. Fannie Mae acquires funds to purchase home mortgage loans from many capital market investors that may not ordinarily invest in mortgage loans directly, thereby expanding the total amount of funds available for housing. On September 7, 2008, the U.S. Treasury Department and the Federal Housing Finance Authority (the FHFA) announced that Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac had been placed into conservatorship, a statutory process designed to stabilize a troubled institution with the objective of returning the entity to normal business operations. The U.S. Treasury Department and FHFA at the same time established a secured lending facility and a Secured Stock Purchase Agreement with both Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to ensure that each entity had the ability to fulfill its financial obligations. The FHFA announced that it does not anticipate any disruption in pattern of payments or ongoing business operations of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac.
Each Fannie Mae Certificate entitles its registered holder to receive amounts representing such holders pro rata interest in scheduled principal payments and interest payments (at such Fannie Mae Certificates pass-through rate, which is net of any servicing and guarantee fees on the underlying mortgage loans), and any principal prepayments on the mortgage loans in the pool represented by such Fannie Mae Certificate and such holders proportionate interest in the full principal amount of any foreclosed or otherwise finally liquidated mortgage loan. The full and timely payment of principal of and interest on each Fannie Mae Certificate will be guaranteed by Fannie Mae, which guarantee is not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. In order to meet its obligations under such guarantee, Ginnie Mae is authorized to borrow from the U.S. Treasury with no limitations as to amount.
Each Fannie Mae Certificate will represent a pro rata interest in one or more pools of FHA Loans, VA Loans or conventional mortgage loans ( i.e. , mortgage loans that are not insured or guaranteed by any governmental agency) of the following types: (i) fixed rate level payment mortgage loans; (ii) fixed rate growing equity mortgage loans; (iii) fixed rate graduated payment mortgage loans; (iv) variable rate California mortgage loans; (v) other adjustable rate mortgage loans; and (vi) fixed rate mortgage loans secured by multifamily projects.
Freddie Mac Certificates . Freddie Mac is a corporate instrumentality of the U.S. government created pursuant to the Emergency Home Finance Act of 1970, as amended (the FHLMC Act). Freddie Mac was established primarily for the purpose of increasing the availability of mortgage credit for the financing of needed housing. The principal activity of Freddie Mac currently consists of the purchase of first lien, conventional, residential mortgage loans and participation interests in such mortgage loans and the resale of the mortgage loans so purchased in the form of mortgage securities, primarily Freddie Mac Certificates. On September 7, 2008, the U.S. Treasury Department and the Federal Housing Finance Authority (the FHFA) announced that Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac had been placed into conservatorship, a statutory process designed to stabilize a troubled institution with the objective of returning the entity to normal business operations. The U.S. Treasury Department and the FHFA at the same time established a secured lending facility and a Secured Stock Purchase Agreement with both Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to ensure that each entity had the ability to fulfill its financial obligations. The FHFA announced that it does not anticipate any disruption in pattern of payments or ongoing business operations of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac.
Freddie Mac guarantees to each registered holder of a Freddie Mac Certificate the timely payment of interest at the rate provided for by such Freddie Mac Certificate, whether or not received. Freddie Mac also guarantees to each registered holder of a Freddie Mac Certificate ultimate collection of all principal of the related mortgage loans, without any offset or deduction, but does not generally guarantee the timely payment of scheduled principal. Freddie Mac may remit the amount due on account of its guarantee of collection of principal at any time after default on an underlying mortgage loan, but not later than 30 days following (i) foreclosure sale, (ii) payment of a claim by any mortgage insurer, or (iii) the expiration of any right of redemption, whichever occurs later, but in any event no later than one year after demand has been made upon the mortgagor for acceleration of payment of principal. The obligations of Freddie Mac under its guarantee are obligations solely of Freddie Mac and are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government.
Freddie Mac Certificates represent a pro rata interest in a group of mortgage loans (a Freddie Mac Certificate group) purchased by Freddie Mac. The mortgage loans underlying the Freddie Mac Certificates will consist of fixed rate or adjustable rate mortgage loans with original terms to maturity of between ten and thirty years, substantially all of which are secured by first liens on one-to-four family residential properties or multifamily projects. Each mortgage loan must meet the applicable standards set forth in the FHLMC Act. A Freddie Mac Certificate group may include whole loans, participation interests in whole loans and undivided interests in whole loans and participations comprising another Freddie Mac Certificate group.
Federal Home Loan Bank Securities. The Federal Home Loan Bank system (FHLB) was created in 1932 pursuant to the Federal Home Loan Bank Act (the "FHLB Act"). The FHLB was created to support residential mortgage lending and community investment. The FHLB consists of 12 member banks which are owned by over 8,000 member community financial institutions. The FHLB provides liquidity for housing finance and community development by making direct loans to these community financial institutions, and through two FHLB mortgage programs, which help expand home ownership by giving lenders an alternative option for mortgage funding. Each member financial institution (typically a bank or savings and loan) is a shareholder in one or more of 12 regional FHLB banks, which are privately capitalized, separate corporate entities. Federal oversight, in conjunction with normal bank regulation and shareholder vigilance, assures that the 12 regional banks will remain conservatively managed and well capitalized. The FHLB banks are among the largest providers of mortgage credit in the U.S.
The FHLB is also one of the worlds largest private issuers of fixed-income debt securities, and the Office of Finance serves as the FHLBs central debt issuance facility. Debt is issued in the global capital markets and the funds are channeled to member financial institutions to fund mortgages, community development, and affordable housing.
Securities issued by the FHLB are not obligations of the U.S. government and are not guaranteed by the U. S. government. The FHLB may issue either bonds or discount notes. The securities, issued pursuant to the FHLB Act, are joint and several unsecured general obligations of the FHLB banks. The bonds or discount notes will not limit other indebtedness that the FHLB banks may incur and they will not contain any financial or similar restrictions on the FHLB banks or any restrictions on their ability to secure other indebtedness. Under the FHLB Act, the FHLB banks may incur other indebtedness such as secured joint and several obligations of the FHLB banks and unsecured joint and several obligations of the FHL Banks, as well as obligations of individual FHLB banks (although current Federal Housing Finance Board rules prohibit their issuance).
STRIPS
The Fund may invest in STRIPS (Separate Trading of Registered Interest and Principal of Securities). The Federal Reserve creates STRIPS by separating the coupon payments and the principal payment from an outstanding Treasury security and selling them as individual securities. To the extent the Montecito Fund purchases the principal portion of the STRIP, the Fund will not receive regular interest payments. Instead they are sold at a deep discount from their face value. The Fund will accrue income on such STRIPS for tax and accounting purposes, in accordance with applicable law, which income is distributable to shareholders. Because no cash is received at the time such income is accrued, the Fund may be required to liquidate other Fund securities to satisfy its distribution obligations. Because the principal portion of the STRIP does not pay current income, its price can be very volatile when interest rates change. In calculating its dividend, the Fund takes into account as income a portion of the difference between the principal portion of the STRIPs purchase price and its face value.
REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUSTS ("REITs")
The Fund may invest in equity interests or debt obligations issued by REITs. REITs are pooled investment vehicles which invest primarily in income producing real estate or real estate related loans or interests. REITs are generally classified as equity REITs, mortgage REITs or a combination of equity and mortgage REITs. Equity REITs invest the majority of their assets directly in real property and derive income primarily from the collection of rents. Equity REITs can also realize capital gains by selling property that has appreciated in value. Mortgage REITs invest the majority of their assets in real estate mortgages and derive income from the collection of interest payments. Similar to investment companies, REITs are not taxed on income distributed to shareholders provided they comply with several requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"). The Fund will indirectly bear its proportionate share of expenses incurred by REITs in which the Fund invests in addition to the expenses incurred directly by the Fund.
Investing in REITs involves certain unique risks in addition to those risks associated with investing in the real estate industry in general. Equity REITs may be affected by changes in the value of the underlying property owned by the REITs, while mortgage REITs may be affected by the quality of any credit extended. REITs are dependent upon management skills, are not diversified, are subject to heavy cash flow dependency, default by borrowers and self-liquidation. REITs are also subject to the possibilities of failing to qualify for tax free pass-through of income under the Code and failing to maintain their exemption from registration under the 1940 Act.
REITs (especially mortgage REITs) are also subject to interest rate risks. When interest rates decline, the value of a REIT's investment in fixed rate obligations can be expected to rise. Conversely, when interest rates rise, the value of a REIT's investment in fixed rate obligations can be expected to decline. In contrast, as interest rates on adjustable rate mortgage loans are reset periodically, yields on a REIT's investment in such loans will gradually align themselves to fluctuate less dramatically in response to interest rate fluctuations than would investments in fixed rate obligations.
Investment in REITs involves risks similar to those associated with investing in small capitalization companies. These risks include:
limited financial resources;
infrequent or limited trading; and
more abrupt or erratic price movements than larger company securities.
In addition, small capitalization stocks, such as REITs, historically have been more volatile in price than the larger capitalization stocks included in the S&P 500 Index.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
The Fund has adopted the following fundamental investment restrictions that may not be changed without the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the Funds outstanding voting securities. The Fund may not:
1.
make further investments when 25% or more of its total assets would be invested in any one industry (this limitation is not applicable to investments in obligations issued or guaranteed by the United States Government, its agencies or instrumentalities or repurchase agreements with respect thereto);
2.
invest in the securities of any issuer if, immediately after such investment, less than 75% of the total assets of the Fund will be invested in cash and cash items (including receivables), government securities, securities of other investment companies or other securities for the purposes of this calculation limited in respect of any one issuer to an amount (determined immediately after the latest acquisition of securities of the issuer) not greater in value than 5% of the total assets of the Fund and to not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer;
3.
borrow money or issue senior securities (as defined in the 1940 Act or interpreted by the SEC or its staff) except that the Fund may borrow (i) from a bank or other person for temporary purposes in amounts not exceeding 5% of its total assets and (ii) from a bank, in amounts (when aggregated with amounts borrowed under clause (i)) not exceeding 33 1/3% of its total assets;
4.
make loans to other persons, except (i) by loaning portfolio securities, (ii) by engaging in repurchase agreements, or (iii) by purchasing nonpublicly offered debt securities. For purposes of this limitation, the term loans shall not include the purchase of a portion of an issue of publicly distributed bonds, debentures or other securities;
5.
underwrite securities of other issuers, except insofar as the Fund may be deemed an underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933 in selling portfolio securities;
6.
purchase or sell real estate or mortgages on real estate, (although the Fund may invest in marketable securities secured by real estate or interests therein or issued by companies or investment trusts that invest in real estate or interests therein); or
7.
invest in commodities or commodity futures contracts, provided that this limitation shall not prohibit the purchase or sale of forward foreign currency exchange contracts, financial futures contracts, and options on financial futures contracts and options on securities and on securities indices.
Additional investment restrictions adopted by the Fund, which may be changed by the Board of Trustees, provide that the Fund may not:
1.
purchase securities on margin, or make short sales of securities, except for the use of short-term credit necessary for the clearance of purchases and sales of portfolio securities; or make investments for the purpose of exercising control or management;
2.
invest more than 15% of its net assets in securities which cannot be readily resold because of legal or contractual restrictions and which are not otherwise marketable; or
3.
mortgage, pledge, hypothecate or in any manner transfer, as security for indebtedness, any assets of the Fund except as may be necessary in connection with borrowings described in fundamental limitation (1) above. Margin deposits, security interests, liens and collateral arrangements with respect to transactions involving options, futures contracts, short sales and other permitted investments and techniques are not deemed to be a mortgage, pledge or hypothecation of assets for purposes of this limitation.
With the exception of the restriction on borrowing, if a percentage restriction set forth above is adhered to at the time a transaction is effected, later changes in percentage resulting from changes in value or in the number of outstanding securities of an issuer will not be considered a violation.
TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS
[UPDATE]
The Board of Trustees has overall responsibility for conduct of the Funds affairs. The day-to-day operations of the Fund are managed by the Fund Manager, subject to the bylaws of the Trust and review by the Board of Trustees.
Board Leadership Structure. The Trust is led by Mr. Michael Miola, who has served as the Chairman of the Board since the Trust was organized in 2011. Mr. Miola is an interested person by virtue of his indirect controlling interest in Northern Lights Distributors, LLC (the Trust's distributor for the majority of the series of the Trust). The Board of Trustees is comprised of Mr. Miola and three (3) Independent Trustees. The Independent Trustees have selected ____________ as Lead Independent Trustee. Additionally, under certain 1940 Act governance guidelines that apply to the Trust, the Independent Trustees will meet in executive session, at least quarterly. Under the Trust's Agreement and Declaration of Trust and By-Laws, the Chairman of the Board is responsible for (a) presiding at board meetings, (b) calling special meetings on an as-needed basis, (c) execution and administration of Trust policies including (i) setting the agendas for board meetings and (ii) providing information to board members in advance of each board meeting and between board meetings. Generally, the Trust believes it best to have a non-executive Chairman of the Board, who together with the President (principal executive officer), are seen by our shareholders, business partners and other stakeholders as providing strong leadership. The Trust believes that its Chairman, the independent chair of the Audit Committee, the Independent Lead Trustee, and, as an entity, the full Board of Trustees, provide effective leadership that is in the best interests of the Trust, its Funds and each shareholder.
Board Risk Oversight. The Board of Trustees is comprised of Mr. Miola and three (3) Independent Trustees with a standing independent Audit Committee with a separate chair. The Board is responsible for overseeing risk management, and the full Board regularly engages in discussions of risk management and receives compliance reports that inform its oversight of risk management from its Chief Compliance Officer at quarterly meetings and on an ad hoc basis, when and if necessary. The Audit Committee considers financial and reporting risk within its area of responsibilities. Generally, the Board believes that its oversight of material risks is adequately maintained through the compliance-reporting chain where the Chief Compliance Officer is the primary recipient and communicator of such risk-related information.
Trustee Qualifications . Generally, the Trust believes that each Trustee is competent to serve because of their individual overall merits including: (i) experience, (ii) qualifications, (iii) attributes and (iv) skills. Mr. Miola has over 20 years of business experience in the investment management and brokerage business, serves as a member of another mutual fund board outside of the Fund Complex and possesses a strong understanding of the regulatory framework under which investment companies must operate based on his years of service to this Board and another fund board. Charles Hobson Dry, a business consultant with over thirty years experience specializing in Native American Tribal business/economic and casino development and over fifty years engineering experience with NASA, received a Bachelor of Science degree from Murray State College and advanced degrees from UCLA, Los Angeles, and the University of Houston. [Insert Tony Lewis bio]. Mark H. Taylor, Ph.D., CPA, CFE, has over two decades of academic experience in the accounting and auditing areas, has a Doctor of Philosophy degree in Accounting, holds Certified Public Accountant and Certified Fraud Examiner designations, is Professor of Accountancy at the Weatherhead School of Management at Case Western Reserve University, serves as a member of another mutual fund board outside of the Fund Complex, currently serves on the AICPA Auditing Standards Board, and like the other Board members, also possesses a strong understanding of the regulatory framework under which investment companies must operate based on his years of service to this Board and another fund board. The Trust does not believe any one factor is determinative in assessing a Trustee's qualifications, but that the collective experience of each Trustee makes them each highly qualified.
Following is a list of the Trustees and executive officers of the Trust and their principal occupation over the last five years. Unless otherwise noted, the address of each Trustee and Officer is 4020 South 147 th Street, Suite 2, Omaha, Nebraska 68137.
[UPDATE TRUSTEE TABLE]
Independent Trustees
Name, Address and Age |
Position/Term of Office* |
Principal Occupation During the Past Five Years |
Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex** Overseen by Trustee |
Other Directorships held by Trustee During the Past Five Years |
|
|
|
|
|
Charles Hobson Dry Age: 72 |
Trustee Since May 2011 |
Founder and President, Government Procurement Solutions, LLC, a government consulting firm, Native Gaming Solutions, LLC, American Gateway, LLC, Native American Personnel Services, LLC, Oklahoma BioFuels, Inc. |
5 |
N/A |
Anthony Lewis Age: |
Trustee Since May 2011 |
|
5 |
|
Mark H. Taylor Age: 46 |
Trustee Since May 2011 |
Professor, Department of Accountancy, Weatherhead School of Management, Case Western Reserve University (since 2009); John P. Begley Endowed Chair in Accounting, Creighton University (2002 2009); Member Auditing Standards Board, AICPA (since 2008). |
5 |
Ladenburg Thalmann Alternative Strategies Fund; Lifetime Achievement Mutual Fund (LFTAX) (Director and Audit Committee Chairman), Northern Lights Fund Trust, Northern Lights Variable Trust |
Interested Trustees and Officers
Name, Address and Age |
Position/Term of Office* |
Principal Occupation During the Past Five Years |
Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex ** Overseen by Trustee |
Other Directorships held by Trustee During the Past Five Years |
|
Michael Miola*** Age: 58 |
Trustee Since 2011 |
Co-Owner and Co-Managing Member of NorthStar Financial Services Group, LLC; Manager of Gemini Fund Services, LLC; Orion Advisor Services, LLC, CLS Investments, LLC, Gemcom, LLC and Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC (since 2003). |
5 |
AdvisorOne Funds (10 portfolios); Ladenburg Thalmann Alternative Strategies Fund ; Constellation Trust Co., Northern Lights Fund Trust, Northern Lights Variable Trust |
|
Andrew Rogers 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, NY 11788 Age: 41 |
President Since2011 |
President and Manager, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (since 2006), formerly Senior Vice President and Director of Administration (2001 - 2005); Formerly Manager, Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC (2006 2008); Manager (since 2006) and President (since 2004), GemCom LLC. |
N/A |
N/A |
|
Kevin E. Wolf 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, NY 11788 Age: 40 |
Treasurer Since 2011 |
Director of Fund Administration, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (since 2006); Vice President, Fund Administration, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (2004 - 2006); Vice-President, GemCom, LLC (since 2004); Senior Fund Administrator, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (2001-2004). |
N/A |
N/A |
|
Emile R. Molineaux 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, NY 11788 Age: 48 |
Chief Compliance Officer, Since 2011 |
General Counsel, CCO and Senior Vice President, Gemini Fund Services, LLC; Secretary and CCO, Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC; (since 2003); In-house Counsel, The Dreyfus Funds (1999 2003). |
N/A |
N/A |
|
James P. Ash 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, NY 11788 Age: 34 |
Secretary Since 2011 |
Director of Legal Administration, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (since 2009); Assistant Vice President of Legal Administration, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (2006 - 2008). |
N/A |
N/A |
|
James Colantino 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, NY 11788 Age: 40 |
Assistant Treasurer Since 2011 |
Vice President (2004 - Present); Senior Fund Administrator (1999-2004), Gemini Fund Services, LLC. |
N/A |
N/A |
|
Erik Naviloff 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, NY 11788 Age: 42 |
Assistant Treasurer Since 2011 |
Assistant Vice President, Gemini Fund Services, LLC, since 2007; Senior Accounting Manager, Fixed Income, Dreyfus Corporation, 2002 to 2007. |
N/A |
N/A |
|
Richard Gleason 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, NY 11788 Age: 33 |
Assistant Treasurer Since 2010 |
Manager of Fund Administration, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (since 2008); Senior Fund Administrator, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (2005-2008). |
N/A |
N/A |
|
Dawn Borelli 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, NY 11788 Age: 38 |
Assistant Treasurer Since 2010 |
Assistant Vice President, Fund Administration, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (since 2010), Assistant Vice President, Global Fund Administration, Legg Mason & Co. LLC (2003 2010). |
N/A |
N/A |
* The term of office for each Trustee and officer listed above will continue indefinitely.
** The term Fund Complex refers to the Northern Lights Fund Trust II.
*** Michael Miola is an interested person of the Trust as that term is defined under the 1940 Act, because of his affiliation with Gemini Fund Services, LLC, (the Trusts Administrator, Fund Accountant, Transfer Agent) and Northern Lights Distributors, LLC (the Funds Distributor).
Board Committees
Audit Committee. The Trust has an Audit Committee, which is comprised of the independent members of the Board of Trustees. The Audit Committee reviews financial statements and other audit-related matters for the Fund. The Audit Committee also holds discussions with management and with the Funds independent auditor concerning the scope of the audit and the auditors independence and will meet at least annually.
Nominating Committee. The Trust has a Nominating Committee, which is comprised of the independent members of the Board of Trustees. The Nominating Committee is responsible for seeking and reviewing candidates for consideration as nominees for the position of trustee and meets only as necessary. The Nominating Committee generally will not consider shareholder nominees.
Valuation Committee. The Trust has a Valuation Committee. The Valuation Committee is responsible for the following: (1) monitoring the valuation of Fund securities and other investments; and (2) as required, when the Board of Trustees is not in session, determining the fair value of illiquid securities and other holdings after consideration of all relevant factors, which determinations are reported to the Board. The Valuation Committee is currently comprised of [____________________]. The Valuation Committee meets as necessary when a price for a portfolio security is not readily available.
TRUSTEE COMPENSATION
Each Trustee who is not an interested person of the Trust or Adviser will receive a quarterly fee of [$10,000,] as well as reimbursement for any reasonable expenses incurred attending the meetings to be paid at the end of each calendar quarter. The interested persons who serve as Trustees of the Trust receive no compensation for their services as Trustees. None of the executive officers receive compensation from the Trust. The Trust does not have a bonus, profit sharing, pension or retirement plan. None of the Directors received a fee for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011 because they only recently joined the Board.
Name and Position |
Aggregate Compensation From Trust ** |
Pension or Retirement Benefits Accrued as Part of Fund Expenses |
Estimated Annual Benefits Upon Retirement |
Total Compensation From Trust and Fund Complex*** Paid to Trustees |
||||
Charles Hobson Dry |
$0 |
None |
None |
$0 |
||||
Anthony Lewis |
$0 |
None |
None |
$0 |
||||
Mark Taylor |
$0 |
None |
None |
$0 |
||||
Michael Miola* |
None |
None |
None |
None |
_______________
*This Trustee is deemed to be an interested person as defined in the 1940 Act as a result of his affiliation with Gemini Fund Services, LLC (the Trusts Administrator, Transfer Agent and Fund Accountant), Northern Lights Distributors, LLC (the Funds Distributor) and Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC (the Trusts compliance service provider).
**There are currently multiple series comprising the Trust. Trustees fees will be allocated equally to each Fund in the Trust.
***The term Fund Complex refers to the Northern Lights Fund Trust II.
Trustee Ownership
The following table indicates the dollar range of equity securities that each Trustee beneficially owned in the Predecessor Fund as of December 31, 2010.
Name of Trustee |
Dollar Range of Equity Securities in the Fund |
Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities in All Registered Investment Companies Overseen by Trustee in Family of Investment Companies |
|
Charles Hobson Dry |
None |
None |
|
Anthony Lewis |
None |
None |
|
Mark Taylor |
None |
None |
|
Michael Miola* |
None |
None |
* This Trustee is deemed to be an interested person as defined in the 1940 Act as a result of his affiliation with Gemini Fund Services, LLC (the Trusts Administrator, Transfer Agent and Fund Accountant), Northern Lights Distributors, LLC (the Funds' Distributor) and Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC (the Trusts compliance service provider).
MANAGEMENT OWNERSHIP
As of the date of this SAI, the Trustees and officers, as a group, did not own any shares of the Fund and less than 1.00% of the Fund Complexs outstanding shares.
FUND MANAGER
Two Oaks Investment Management, Inc. (the Fund Manager) is organized under the laws of the State of California as a corporation, and is registered as an investment adviser with the U. S. Securities and Exchange Commission. The Fund Manager manages the general business affairs and the investment operations of the Fund pursuant to an investment advisory agreement with the Trust dated May 17, 2011 (the Advisor Agreement).
The Advisor Agreement
The Fund Manager has only recently been engaged to manage the Fund and has not been paid any advisory fees as of the date of this Statement of Additional Information. However, under the Advisor Agreement, the Fund Manager is paid a monthly fee at an annual rate of 0.60% of the Funds average daily net assets.
.
Under the terms of the Advisor Agreement, the Fund Manager will provide or arrange to be provided to the Fund such investment advice as the Fund Manager deems advisable and will furnish or arrange to be furnished a continuous investment program for the Fund consistent with the Funds investment objective and policies. The responsibility for making decisions to buy, sell or hold a particular security for the Fund rests with the Fund Manager, subject to review by the Board of Trustees. Blake T. Todd and Jarrett Perez are co-portfolio managers responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund.
The Advisor Agreement provides that the Fund Manager will not be liable for any damages, expenses or losses incurred by the Fund in connection with, any error of judgment, mistake of law, any act or omission connected with or arising out of any services rendered under, or payments made pursuant to, the Agreement or any other matter to which the Agreement relates, except by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on the part of any such persons in the performance of the Fund Managers duties under the Agreement, or by reason of reckless disregard by any of such persons of the Fund Managers obligations and duties under the Agreement.
The Advisor Agreement provides that it will remain in force for an initial term of two years, and from year to year thereafter, subject to annual approval by (a) the Board of Trustees or (b) a vote of a majority (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the outstanding shares of a Fund; provided that in either event continuance is also approved by a majority of the Independent Trustees, by a vote cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval. The Advisor Agreement may be terminated at any time, on sixty days written notice, without the payment of any penalty by, (i) the Board of Trustees, (ii) a vote of the majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund, or (iii) the Fund Manager.
The Advisor Agreement will terminate automatically in the event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act).
The Advisor Agreement provides that the Fund Manager may delegate responsibility for the management of a Fund to a sub-advisor.
Prior to [_____, 2011], Hillcrest Wells Advisors, LLC (the Prior Fund Manager) managed the general business affairs and the investment operations of the Predecessor Fund pursuant to an investment advisor agreement with the Predecessor Company dated July 12, 2009 (the Prior Advisor Agreement). For the fiscal years ending March 31, 2010 and 2011, the Predecessor Fund paid $___, and $__, respectively in advisory fees to the Prior Fund Manager.
Prior to May 17, 2011, the Predecessor Fund had an Operating Services Agreement with the Prior Fund Manager (the Prior Services Agreement) dated January 19, 2010. For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2009, 2010 and 2011, the Predecessor Fund paid the Prior Fund Manager a service fee of, $67,559, $50,907 and [$], respectively.
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
Blake T. Todd shares responsibility for the day-to-day management of the Predecessor Fund and Fund as Co-Portfolio Manager and has been responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund since November 1, 2005. Jarrett Perez shares responsibility for the day-to-day management of the Predecessor Fund and Fund as Co-Portfolio Manager and has been Co-Portfolio Manager of the Fund since 2006.
As of March 31, 2011, Mr. Todd and Mr. Perez were responsible for the management of the following types of accounts in addition to the Fund:
Account Type |
Number of Accounts by Account Type |
Total Assets By Account Type |
Number of Accounts by Type Subject to a Performance Fee |
Total Assets By Account Type Subject to a Performance Fee |
Blake T. Todd |
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
None |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
None |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Other Accounts |
45 |
$24,500,000 |
N/A |
N/A |
Jarrett Perez |
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
None |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
None |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Other Accounts |
45 |
$24,500,000 |
N/A |
N/A |
Conflicts of Interest
As indicated in the tables above, a portfolio manager employed by the Fund Manager may manage numerous accounts for multiple clients for which the Fund Manager also serves as the investment manager. These accounts consist of separate accounts (i.e., accounts managed on behalf of individuals or public or private institutions). Portfolio Managers employed by the Fund Manager make investment decisions for each account based on the investment objectives and policies and other relevant investment considerations applicable to that specific account.
In the event that a portfolio manager has responsibility for managing more than one account, potential conflicts of interest may arise. The only material conflict of interest identified by the Fund Manager involves the execution of portfolio trades for clients. The Fund Manager uses systems for executing trades that are reasonably designed to provide fair treatment for each of its accounts.
In addition, the portfolio manager is also a registered representative of the brokerage firm Crowell Weedon & Co. and makes investment recommendations to his brokerage clients, including recommendations for the purchase and sale of mutual funds. This may create potential conflicts of interests that may cause the portfolio manager to recommend to his brokerage clients purchases of shares of his managed Fund since each portfolio manager is compensated by the Fund Manager based on a percentage of his managed Fund's assets. This may also create potential conflict of interests if the portfolio manager selects a security for purchase by his managed Fund and simultaneously recommends that the same security be sold by his brokerage client, due to different investment goals between the managed Fund and the brokerage client. If any potential conflicts of interest arise between the managed Fund and the managed brokerage accounts, the portfolio managers will proceed in a manner that ensures that their managed Fund will not be materially treated less favorably.
Compensation
The following table shows the dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned by the portfolio managers of the Predecessor Fund as of March 31, 2011 : [to be updated]
Name of Portfolio Manager |
Dollar Range of Equity Securities in Managed Fund |
Blake T. Todd |
Over $100,000 |
Jarrett Perez |
|
BROKERAGE ALLOCATION AND PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS
Subject to policies established by the Board of Trustees, the Fund Manager is responsible for investment decisions and for the execution of the Funds portfolio transactions. The Fund has no obligation to deal with any particular broker or dealer in the execution of transactions in portfolio securities. In executing such transactions, the Fund Manger seeks to obtain the best price and execution for its transactions. While the Fund Manager generally seeks reasonably competitive commission rates, the Funds do not necessarily pay the lowest commission.
Where best price and execution may be obtained from more than one broker or dealer, the Fund Manager may, in its discretion, purchase and sell securities through dealers who provide research, statistical and other information to the Fund Manager. Information so received will be in addition to and not in lieu of the services required to be performed by the Fund Manager under its Advisor Agreement and the expenses of the Fund Manager will not necessarily be reduced as a result of the receipt of such supplemental information. Although certain research, market and statistical information from brokers and dealers can be useful to a Fund and the Fund Manager, the Fund Manager has advised that such information is, in its opinion, only supplementary to the Fund Managers own research activities and the information must still be analyzed, weighed and reviewed by the Fund Manager. During the fiscal years ended March 31, 2009, 2010, and 2011 the Fund paid brokerage commissions of $7,267, $8,648, and [$], respectively.
The Fund will not purchase securities from, or sell securities to, the Fund Manager or its affiliates. The Fund Manager may not take into account the sale of Fund shares by a broker in allocating brokerage transactions. However, the Fund Manager may place portfolio transactions with brokers or dealers that promote or sell the applicable Fund's shares so long as such placements are made pursuant to policies approved by the Board of Trustees that are designed to ensure that the selection is based on the quality of the brokers execution and not on its sales efforts.
The Funds annual portfolio turnover rate may exceed 100%. The portfolio turnover rate is calculated by dividing the lesser of sales or purchases of portfolio securities by the average monthly value of the Funds portfolio securities. For purposes of this calculation, portfolio securities exclude securities having a maturity when purchased of one year or less. The turnover rate has a direct effect on the transaction costs (including brokerage costs) to be borne by the Fund.
CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF THE FUND
The beneficial ownership, either directly or indirectly, of more than 25% of the voting securities of a Fund creates presumption of control of the Fund, under Section 2(a)(9) of the Act.
As of July 1, 2011 , the following persons owned, beneficially or of record, 5% or more of a class of shares of the Fund. [table to be update]
Name of Shareholder |
Share Class Owned |
% Of Share Class Owned |
% Of Total Fund Shares Owned |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Crowell, Weedon & co 624 S. Grand Avenue, Suite 2510 Los Angeles, CA 90017 |
Two Oaks Diversified Income Fund |
% |
% |
|
|
|
|
John F. Wilson One Wilshire Building 624 S. Grand Avenue Los Angeles, CA 90017 |
Two Oaks Diversified Income Fund |
% |
% |
|
|
|
|
DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS
The Trust has adopted policies and procedures that govern the disclosure of the Fund's portfolio holdings. These policies and procedures are designed to ensure that such disclosure is in the best interests of Fund shareholders.
It is the Trust's policy to: (1) ensure that any disclosure of portfolio holdings information is in the best interest of Trust shareholders; (2) protect the confidentiality of portfolio holdings information; (3) have procedures in place to guard against personal trading based on the information; and (4) ensure that the disclosure of portfolio holdings information does not create conflicts between the interests of the Trust's shareholders and those of the Trust's affiliates.
The Fund discloses its portfolio holdings by mailing the annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders approximately two months after the end of the fiscal year and semi-annual period. In addition, the Fund discloses its portfolio holdings reports on Forms N-CSR and Form N-Q two months after the end of each quarter/semi-annual period.
The Funds may choose to make portfolio holdings information available to rating agencies such as Lipper, Morningstar or Bloomberg more frequently on a confidential basis.
Under limited circumstances, as described below, the Fund's portfolio holdings may be disclosed to, or known by, certain third parties in advance of their filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission on Form N-CSR or Form N-Q. In each case, a determination has been made that such advance disclosure is supported by a legitimate business purpose and that the recipient is subject to a duty to keep the information confidential.
The Fund Manager. Personnel of the Fund Manager, including personnel responsible for managing the Fund's portfolio, may have full daily access to Fund portfolio holdings since that information is necessary in order for the Fund Manager to provide their management, administrative, and investment services to the Fund. As required for purposes of analyzing the impact of existing and future market changes on the prices, availability, demand and liquidity of such securities, as well as for the assistance of portfolio managers in the trading of such securities, Fund Manager personnel may also release and discuss certain portfolio holdings with various broker-dealers.
Gemini Fund Services, LLC. Gemini Fund Services, LLC is the transfer agent, fund accountant, administrator and custody administrator for the Funds; therefore, its personnel have full daily access to the Fund's portfolio holdings since that information is necessary in order for them to provide the agreed-upon services for the Trust.
[Custodian]. [________] is custodian for the Fund; therefore, its personnel have full daily access to the Fund's portfolio holdings since that information is necessary in order for them to provide the agreed-upon services for the Trust.
[Fund Accountant]. [_________] is the Funds' independent registered public accounting firm; therefore, its personnel have access to the Fund's portfolio holdings in connection with auditing of the Fund's annual financial statements and providing assistance and consultation in connection with SEC filings.
Alston & Bird, LLP. Alston & Bird, LLP is counsel to the Fund; therefore, its personnel have access to the Fund's portfolio holdings in connection with review of the Fund's annual and semi-annual shareholder reports and SEC filings.
Additions to List of Approved Recipients
The Funds Chief Compliance Officer is the person responsible, and whose prior approval is required, for any disclosure of the Fund's portfolio securities at any time or to any persons other than those described above. In such cases, the recipient must have a legitimate business need for the information and must be subject to a duty to keep the information confidential. There are no ongoing arrangements in place with respect to the disclosure of portfolio holdings. In no event shall the Fund, the Fund Manager or any other party receive any direct or indirect compensation in connection with the disclosure of information about the Fund's portfolio holdings.
Compliance With Portfolio Holdings Disclosure Procedures
The Trusts Chief Compliance Officer will report periodically to the Board with respect to compliance with the Funds portfolio holdings disclosure procedures, and from time to time will provide the Board any updates to the portfolio holdings disclosure policies and procedures.
There is no assurance that the Trust's policies on disclosure of portfolio holdings will protect the Fund from the potential misuse of holdings information by individuals or firms in possession of that information.
CODE OF ETHICS
Pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act, the Fund, the investment adviser to the Fund and the Funds principal underwriter has each adopted a Code of Ethics that governs certain personal investment activities of a person having access to investment information of the Fund. The Code of Ethics places limits on personal securities transactions for certain persons, and places strict reporting requirements on these people if they effect a personal securities transaction in a security in which the Fund invests.
PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
The Board has adopted Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures (Policies) on behalf of the Trust, which delegate the responsibility for voting proxies of securities held by the Fund to the Adviser and responsibility for voting proxies of securities held by the Fund to the Adviser, subject to the Boards continuing oversight. The Policies require that the Adviser vote proxies received in a manner consistent with the best interests of the Fund and its shareholders. The Policies also require the Adviser to present to the Board, at least annually, the Advisers Proxy Policies and a record of each proxy voted by the Adviser on behalf of the Fund, including a report on the resolution of all proxies identified by the Adviser as involving a conflict of interest. A copy of the Adviser's Proxy Voting Policies is attached hereto as an Appendix.
The Fund Manager's proxy voting policies and procedures are attached as Appendix A to this Statement of Additional Information.
More information. The actual voting records of the Predecessor Fund relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 are available without charge, upon request by calling toll-free, 1-800-723-8637 or by accessing the SECs website at www.sec.gov. In addition, a copy of the Funds proxy voting policies and procedures are also available by calling 1-800-723-8637 and will be sent within three business days of receipt of a request.
ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING COMPLIANCE PROGRAM
The Trust has established an Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Program (the "Program") as required by the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 ("USA PATRIOT Act"). To ensure compliance with this law, the Trust's Program provides for the development of internal practices, procedures and controls, designation of anti-money laundering compliance officers, an ongoing training program and an independent audit function to determine the effectiveness of the Program. The Trust's secretary serves as its Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Officer.
Procedures to implement the Program include, but are not limited to, determining that the Fund's Distributor and Transfer Agent have established proper anti-money laundering procedures, reporting suspicious and/or fraudulent activity and a providing a complete and thorough review of all new opening account applications. The Trust will not transact business with any person or entity whose identity cannot be adequately verified under the provisions of the USA PATRIOT Act.
As a result of the Program, the Trust may be required to "freeze" the account of a shareholder if the shareholder appears to be involved in suspicious activity or if certain account information matches information on government lists of known terrorists or other suspicious persons, or the Trust may be required to transfer the account or proceeds of the account to a governmental agency.
PURCHASING AND REDEEMING SHARES
Purchase of Shares
Orders for shares received by the Fund in good order prior to the close of business on the NYSE on each day during such periods that the NYSE is open for trading are priced at NAV per share computed as of the close of the regular session of trading on the NYSE. Orders received in good order after the close of the NYSE, or on a day it is not open for trading, are priced at the close of such NYSE on the next day on which it is open for trading at the next determined NAV or offering price per share.
Redemption of Shares
The Fund will redeem all or any portion of a shareholder's shares in the Fund when requested in accordance with the procedures set forth in the "Redemptions" section of the Prospectus. Under the 1940 Act, a shareholders right to redeem shares and to receive payment therefore may be suspended at times:
(a) when the NYSE is closed, other than customary weekend and holiday
closings;
(b) when trading on that exchange is restricted for any reason;
(c) when an emergency exists as a result of which disposal by the Fund of securities owned by it is not reasonably practicable or it is not reasonably practicable for the Fund to fairly determine the value of its net assets, provided that applicable rules and regulations of the SEC (or any succeeding governmental authority) will govern as to whether the conditions prescribed in (b) or (c) exist; or
(d) when the SEC by order permits a suspension of the right to redemption or a postponement of the date of payment on redemption.
In case of suspension of the right of redemption, payment of a redemption request will be made based on the NAV next determined after the termination of the suspension.
The Fund may purchase shares of Underlying Funds which charge a redemption fee to shareholders (such as the Fund) that redeem shares of the Underlying Fund within a certain period of time (such as one year). The fee is payable to the Underlying Fund. Accordingly, if the Fund were to invest in an Underlying Fund and incur a redemption fee as a result of redeeming shares in such Underlying Fund, the Fund would bear such redemption fee. The Fund will not, however, invest in shares of an Underlying Fund that is sold with a contingent deferred sales load.
Supporting documents in addition to those listed under Redemptions in the Prospectus will be required from executors, administrators, Trustees, or if redemption is requested by someone other than the shareholder of record. Such documents include, but are not restricted to, stock powers, Trust instruments, certificates of death, appointments as executor, certificates of corporate authority and waiver of tax required in some states when settling estates.
TAX INFORMATION
The following discussion is general in nature and should not be regarded as an exhaustive presentation of all possible tax ramifications. All shareholders should consult a qualified tax advisor regarding their investment in the Fund.
The Fund has qualified and intends to continue to qualify and has elected to be treated as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code), which requires compliance with certain requirements concerning the sources of its income, diversification of its assets, and the amount and timing of its distributions to shareholders. Such qualification does not involve supervision of management or investment practices or policies by any government agency or bureau. By so qualifying, the Fund should not be subject to federal income or excise tax on its net investment income or net capital gain, which are distributed to shareholders in accordance with the applicable timing requirements. Net investment income and net capital gain of the Fund will be computed in accordance with Section 852 of the Code.
Net investment income is made up of dividends and interest less expenses. Net capital gain for a fiscal year is computed by taking into account any capital loss carryforward of the Fund.
The Fund intends to distribute all of its net investment income, any excess of net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses, and any excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses in accordance with the timing requirements imposed by the Code and therefore should not be required to pay any federal income or excise taxes. Distributions of net investment income and net capital gain will be made after the end of each fiscal year, and no later than December 31 of each year. Both types of distributions will be in shares of the Fund unless a shareholder elects to receive cash.
To be treated as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code, the Fund must also (a) derive at least 90% of its gross income from dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans, net income from certain publicly traded partnerships and gains from the sale or other disposition of securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including, but not limited to, gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to the business of investing in such securities or currencies, and (b) diversify its holding so that, at the end of each fiscal quarter, (i) at least 50% of the market value of the Funds assets is represented by cash, U.S. government securities and securities of other regulated investment companies, and other securities (for purposes of this calculation, generally limited in respect of any one issuer, to an amount not greater than 5% of the market value of the Funds assets and 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer) and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of its assets is invested in the securities of (other than U.S. government securities or the securities of other regulated investment companies) any one issuer, two or more issuers which the Fund controls and which are determined to be engaged in the same or similar trades or businesses, or the securities of certain publicly traded partnerships.
If the Fund fails to qualify as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M in any fiscal year, it will be treated as a corporation for federal income tax purposes. As such the Fund would be required to pay income taxes on its net investment income and net realized capital gains, if any, at the rates generally applicable to corporations. Shareholders of the Fund generally would not be liable for income tax on the Funds net investment income or net realized capital gains in their individual capacities. Distributions to shareholders, whether from the Funds net investment income or net realized capital gains, would be treated as taxable dividends to the extent of current or accumulated earnings and profits of the Fund.
The Fund is subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax on certain undistributed amounts of ordinary income and capital gain under a prescribed formula contained in Section 4982 of the Code. The formula requires payment to shareholders during a calendar year of distributions representing at least 98% of the Funds ordinary income for the calendar year and at least 98% of its capital gain net income (i.e., the excess of its capital gains over capital losses) realized during the one-year period ending October 31 during such year plus 100% of any income that was neither distributed nor taxed to the Fund during the preceding calendar year. Under ordinary circumstances, the Fund expects to time its distributions so as to avoid liability for this tax.
The following discussion of tax consequences is for the general information of shareholders that are subject to tax. Shareholders that are IRAs or other qualified retirement plans are exempt from income taxation under the Code.
Distributions of taxable net investment income and the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. In most cases the Fund will hold shares in Underlying Funds for less than 12 months, such that its sales of such shares from time to time will not qualify as long-term capital gains for those investors who hold shares of the Fund in taxable accounts.
Distributions of net capital gain (capital gain dividends) generally are taxable to shareholders as short-term capital gain; regardless of the length of time the shares of the Trust have been held by such shareholders.
A redemption of Fund shares by a shareholder will result in the recognition of taxable gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized and the shareholders tax basis in his or her Fund shares. Such gain or loss is treated as a capital gain or loss if the shares are held as capital assets. However, any loss realized upon the redemption of shares within six months from the date of their purchase will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any amounts treated as capital gain dividends during such six-month period. All or a portion of any loss realized upon the redemption of shares may be disallowed to the extent shares are purchased (including shares acquired by means of reinvested dividends) within 30 days before or after such redemption.
Distributions of taxable net investment income and net capital gain will be taxable as described above, whether received in additional cash or shares. Shareholders electing to reinvest distributions in the form of additional shares will have a cost basis for federal income tax purposes in each share so received equal to the net asset value of a share on the reinvestment date.
All distributions of taxable net investment income and net capital gain, whether received in shares or in cash, must be reported by each taxable shareholder on his or her federal income tax return. Dividends or distributions declared in October, November or December as of a record date in such a month, if any, will be deemed to have been received by shareholders on December 31, if paid during January of the following year. Redemptions of shares may result in tax consequences (gain or loss) to the shareholder and are also subject to these reporting requirements.
Under the Code, the Fund will be required to report to the Internal Revenue Service all distributions of taxable income and capital gains as well as gross proceeds from the redemption or exchange of Fund shares, except in the case of certain exempt shareholders. Under the backup withholding provisions of Section 3406 of the Code, distributions of taxable net investment income and net capital gain and proceeds from the redemption or exchange of the shares of a regulated investment company may be subject to withholding of federal income tax in the case of non-exempt shareholders who fail to furnish the investment company with their taxpayer identification numbers and with required certifications regarding their status under the federal income tax law, or if the Fund is notified by the IRS or a broker that withholding is required due to an incorrect TIN or a previous failure to report taxable interest or dividends. If the withholding provisions are applicable, any such distributions and proceeds, whether taken in cash or reinvested in additional shares, will be reduced by the amounts required to be withheld.
Options, Futures, Forward Contracts and Swap Agreements
To the extent such investments are permissible for the Fund, the Fund's transactions in options, futures contracts, hedging transactions, forward contracts, straddles and foreign currencies will be subject to special tax rules (including mark-to-market, constructive sale, straddle, wash sale and short sale rules), the effect of which may be to accelerate income to the Fund, defer losses to the Fund, cause adjustments in the holding periods of the Fund's securities, convert long-term capital gains into short-term capital gains and convert short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses. These rules could therefore affect the amount, timing and character of distributions to shareholders.
To the extent such investments are permissible, certain of the Fund's hedging activities (including its transactions, if any, in foreign currencies or foreign currency-denominated instruments) are likely to produce a difference between its book income and its taxable income. If the Fund's book income exceeds its taxable income, the distribution (if any) of such excess book income will be treated as (i) a dividend to the extent of the Fund's remaining earnings and profits (including earnings and profits arising from tax-exempt income), (ii) thereafter, as a return of capital to the extent of the recipients basis in the shares, and (iii) thereafter, as gain from the sale or exchange of a capital asset. If the Fund's book income is less than taxable income, the Fund could be required to make distributions exceeding book income to qualify as a regulated investment company that is accorded special tax treatment.
Passive Foreign Investment Companies
Investment by the Fund in certain "passive foreign investment companies" ("PFICs") could subject the Fund to a U.S. federal income tax (including interest charges) on distributions received from the company or on proceeds received from the disposition of shares in the company, which tax cannot be eliminated by making distributions to Fund shareholders. However, the Fund may elect to treat a PFIC as a "qualified electing fund" ("QEF), in which case the Fund will be required to include its share of the company's income and net capital gains annually, regardless of whether it receives any distribution from the company.
The Fund also may make an election to mark the gains (and to a limited extent losses) in such holdings "to the market" as though it had sold and repurchased its holdings in those PFICs on the last day of the Fund's taxable year. Such gains and losses are treated as ordinary income and loss. The QEF and mark-to-market elections may accelerate the recognition of income (without the receipt of cash) and increase the amount required to be distributed for the Fund to avoid taxation. Making either of these elections therefore may require the Fund to liquidate other investments (including when it is not advantageous to do so) to meet its distribution requirement, which also may accelerate the recognition of gain and affect the Fund's total return.
Foreign Currency Transactions
The Fund's transactions in foreign currencies, foreign currency-denominated debt securities and certain foreign currency options, futures contracts and forward contracts (and similar instruments) may give rise to ordinary income or loss to the extent such income or loss results from fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency concerned.
Foreign Taxation
Income received by the Fund from sources within foreign countries may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries. Tax treaties and conventions between certain countries and the U.S. may reduce or eliminate such taxes. If more than 50% of the value of the Fund's total assets at the close of its taxable year consists of securities of foreign corporations, the Fund may be able to elect to "pass through" to its shareholders the amount of eligible foreign income and similar taxes paid by the Fund. If this election is made, a shareholder generally subject to tax will be required to include in gross income (in addition to taxable dividends actually received) his or her pro rata share of the foreign taxes paid by the Fund, and may be entitled either to deduct (as an itemized deduction) his or her pro rata share of foreign taxes in computing his or her taxable income or to use it as a foreign tax credit against his or her U.S. federal income tax liability, subject to certain limitations. In particular, a shareholder must hold his or her shares (without protection from risk of loss) on the ex-dividend date and for at least 15 more days during the 30-day period surrounding the ex-dividend date to be eligible to claim a foreign tax credit with respect to a gain dividend. No deduction for foreign taxes may be claimed by a shareholder who does not itemize deductions. Each shareholder will be notified within 60 days after the close of the Fund's taxable year whether the foreign taxes paid by the Fund will "pass through" for that year.
Generally, a credit for foreign taxes is subject to the limitation that it may not exceed the shareholder's U.S. tax attributable to his or her total foreign source taxable income. For this purpose, if the pass-through election is made, the source of the Fund's income will flow through to shareholders of the Fund. With respect to the Fund, gains from the sale of securities will be treated as derived from U.S. sources and certain currency fluctuation gains, including fluctuation gains from foreign currency-denominated debt securities, receivables and payables will be treated as ordinary income derived from U.S. sources. The limitation on the foreign tax credit is applied separately to foreign source passive income, and to certain other types of income. A shareholder may be unable to claim a credit for the full amount of his or her proportionate share of the foreign taxes paid by the Fund. The foreign tax credit can be used to offset only 90% of the revised alternative minimum tax imposed on corporations and individuals and foreign taxes generally are not deductible in computing alternative minimum taxable income.
Original Issue Discount and Pay-In-Kind Securities
Current federal tax law requires the holder of a U.S. Treasury or other fixed income zero coupon security to accrue as income each year a portion of the discount at which the security was purchased, even though the holder receives no interest payment in cash on the security during the year. In addition, pay-in-kind securities will give rise to income, which is required to be distributed and is taxable even though the Fund holding the security receives no interest payment in cash on the security during the year.
Some of the debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by the Fund may be treated as debt securities that are issued originally at a discount. Generally, the amount of the original issue discount ("OID") is treated as interest income and is included in income over the term of the debt security, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, usually when the debt security matures. A portion of the OID includable in income with respect to certain high-yield corporate debt securities (including certain pay-in-kind securities) may be treated as a dividend for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Some of the debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by the Fund in the secondary market may be treated as having market discount. Generally, any gain recognized on the disposition of, and any partial payment of principal on, a debt security having market discount is treated as ordinary income to the extent the gain, or principal payment, does not exceed the "accrued market discount" on such debt security. Market discount generally accrues in equal daily installments. The Fund may make one or more of the elections applicable to debt securities having market discount, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income.
Some debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of one year or less from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by a Fund may be treated as having acquisition discount, or OID in the case of certain types of debt securities. Generally, the Fund will be required to include the acquisition discount, or OID, in income over the term of the debt security, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, usually when the debt security matures. The Fund may make one or more of the elections applicable to debt securities having acquisition discount, or OID, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income.
If the Fund holds the foregoing kinds of securities, it may be required to pay out as an income distribution each year an amount that is greater than the total amount of cash interest the Fund actually received. Such distributions may be made from the cash assets of the Fund or by liquidation of portfolio securities, if necessary (including when it is not advantageous to do so). The Fund may realize gains or losses from such liquidations. In the event the Fund realizes net capital gains from such transactions, its shareholders may receive a larger capital gain distribution, if any, than they would in the absence of such transactions.
Shareholders of the Fund may be subject to state and local taxes on distributions received from the Fund and on redemptions of the Fund's shares.
A brief explanation of the form and character of the distribution accompany each distribution. In January of each year the Fund issues to each shareholder a statement of the federal income tax status of all distributions.
Shareholders should consult their tax advisors about the application of federal, state and local and foreign tax law in light of their particular situation.
CUSTODIAN
The Bank of New York Mellon, (BNY M ), One Wall Street, New York, NY 10286, acts as custodian for the Fund. As such, BNY M holds all securities and cash of the Fund, delivers and receives payment for securities sold, receives and pays for securities purchased, collects income from investments and performs other duties, all as directed by officers of the Company. BNY M does not exercise any supervisory function over management of the Fund, the purchase and sale of securities or the payment of distributions to shareholders.
CUSTODY ADMINISTRATOR
Under the Custody Agreement with BNY M, Gemini Fund Services, LLC ("GFS" or the Administrator), serves as custody administrator on behalf of the Fund, and performs certain tasks on behalf of BNY M, for which it receives a share of the custody fees paid to the Custodian, including a share of the asset-based fee and certain transaction fees.
TRANSFER AGENT
GFS, 4020 South 147 th Street, Suite 2, Omaha, NE 68137, acts as transfer, dividend disbursing, and shareholder servicing agent for the Fund pursuant to a written agreement with the Company. Under the agreement, GFS is responsible for administering and performing transfer agent functions, dividend distribution, shareholder administration, and maintaining necessary records in accordance with applicable rules and regulations. Under the Services Agreement, the Fund Manager is responsible for paying the fees to GFS.
FUND ADMINISTRATION
GFS also acts as Administrator to the Fund pursuant to a written agreement with the Fund Manager, on behalf of the Fund. GFS supervises all administrative aspects of the operations of the Fund except those performed by the Fund Manager. As Administrator, GFS is responsible for facilitating administrative services, including: (i) providing services of persons competent to perform such administrative and clerical functions as are necessary to provide effective administration of the Fund; (ii) facilitating the performance of administrative and professional services to the Fund by others, including the Fund's Custodian; (iii) preparing, but not paying for, the periodic updating of the Fund's Registration Statement, Prospectuses and Statement of Additional Information in conjunction with Fund counsel, including the printing of such documents for the purpose of filings with the SEC and state securities administrators, and preparing reports to the Fund's shareholders and the SEC; (iv) preparing in conjunction with Fund counsel, but not paying for, all filings under the securities or Blue Sky laws of such states or countries as are designated by the Distributor, which may be required to register or qualify, or continue the registration or qualification, of the Fund and/or its shares under such laws; (v) preparing notices and agendas for meetings of the Board and minutes of such meetings in all matters required by the 1940 Act to be acted upon by the Board; and (vi) monitoring daily and periodic compliance with respect to all requirements and restrictions of the 1940 Act, the Internal Revenue Code and the Prospectus.
For services rendered as administrator, GFS receives a fund administration fee equal to the greater of $40,000 minimum or 0.08% on net assets of $100 million to $250 million, 0.06% on net assets greater than $250 million, 0.04% on net assets of $500 million to $1 billion, 0.03% on net assets of $1 billion to $3 billion and 0.02% on net assets over $3 billion. The Fund also pays the Administrator for any out-of-pocket expenses.
Prior to [_____, 2011], GFS received an annual fee, paid monthly, based on 0.15% of the average net assets of the Predecessor Fund up to $75 million (subject to various monthly minimums), as determined by valuations made as of the close of each business day of the month pursuant to a fund services agreement with the Predecessor Company, on behalf of the Predecessor Fund (the Prior Services Agreement). Under the Prior Services Agreement, the Prior Fund Manager was responsible for paying the fees to GFS. For fiscal years ended March 31, 2009, 2010 and 2011, the Prior Fund Managers paid GFS $52,786, $203,911 and [$], respectively.
FUND ACCOUNTING
GFS, pursuant to the Fund Accounting Service Agreement, provides the Fund with accounting services, including: (i) daily computation of net asset value; (ii) maintenance of security ledgers and books and records as required by the 1940 Act; (iii) production of the Fund's listing of portfolio securities and general ledger reports; (iv) reconciliation of accounting records; (v) calculation of yield and total return for the Fund; (vi) maintaining certain books and records described in Rule 31a-1 under the 1940 Act, and reconciling account information and balances among the Fund's custodian or Adviser; and (vii) monitoring and evaluating daily income and expense accruals, and sales and redemptions of shares of the Fund.
For services rendered to the Fund pursuant to the Fund Services Agreement, the Fund will pay GFS a fund accounting fee equal to the greater of $24,000 per fund portfolio, plus; $6,000 for each additional share class above one, plus; 0.02% on net assets of $25 million to $100 million and 0.01% on net assets greater than $100 million. The Fund also pays GFS for any out-of-pocket expenses.
For fiscal years ended March 31, 2009, 2010 and 2011, the Prior Fund Manager paid GFS [$], [$] and [$], respectively, pursuant to a prior fund services agreement with the Predecessor Company.
COMPLIANCE SERVICES
Pursuant to a Compliance Service Agreement with the Trust, Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC, ("NLCS) an affiliate of GFS, provides a Chief Compliance Officer to the Trust. Under the terms of the Agreement, NLCS is paid an annual fee by the Fund Manager, and is reimbursed for out-of-pocket expenses.
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Cohen Fund Audit Services, Ltd. serves as the Funds independent registered public accounting firm and audited the Predecessor Funds financial statements for the fiscal year ended on March 31, 2011.
LEGAL COUNSEL
Alston & Bird, LLP, 950 F St. NW, Washington, DC 20004 serves as counsel to the Trust.
DISTRIBUTOR
Northern Lights Distributors, LLC, 4020 South 147 th Street, Omaha, NE 68137 will serve as the principal underwriter and national distributor for the shares of the Fund pursuant to an Underwriting Agreement with the Trust (the Underwriting Agreement). The Distributor is registered as a broker-dealer under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and each states securities laws and is a member of the FINRA. The offering of the Fund's shares is continuous. The Underwriting Agreement provides that the Distributor, as agent in connection with the distribution of Fund shares, will use its best efforts to distribute the Fund's shares.
The Underwriting Agreement provides that, unless sooner terminated, it will continue in effect for two years initially and thereafter shall continue from year to year, subject to annual approval by (a) the Board or a vote of a majority of the outstanding shares, and (b) by a majority of the Trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust or of the Distributor by vote cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval.
The Underwriting Agreement may be terminated by the Fund at any time, without the payment of any penalty, by vote of a majority of the entire Board of the Trust or by vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Fund on 60 days' written notice to the Distributor, or by the Distributor at any time, without the payment of any penalty, on 60 days' written notice to the Fund. The Underwriting Agreement will automatically terminate in the event of its assignment.
The Distributor may enter into selling agreements with broker-dealers that solicit orders for the sale of shares of the Fund and may allow concessions to dealers that sell shares of the Fund. The Distributor receives the portion of the Class A sales charge on all direct initial investments in the Fund and on all investments in accounts with no designed dealer of record. [The Distributor retains the contingent deferred sales charge on redemptions of Class C shares of the Fund that are subject to a contingent deferred sales charge.]
Prior to [______, 2011,] Capital Research Brokerage Services, LLC (the Prior Distributor") located at 15 S. Raymond Avenue, Suite 200, Pasadena, CA 91105, served as principal underwriter for the Predecessor Fund. The Distributor facilitates the registration of the Funds shares under state securities laws and assists in the sale of shares. The Distributor is compensated by the Fund Manager for its services to the Fund under a written agreement for such services. For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2009, 2010 and 2011 the Prior Distributor received, $9,100, $8,400, and [$], respectively from the Prior Fund Manager for underwriting services provided to the Predecessor Fund.
The following table represents all commissions and other compensation received by the Prior Distributor, during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011: [table to be updated]
Name of Principal Underwriter |
Net Underwriting Discounts And Commissions |
Compensation On Redemption And Repurchases |
Brokerage Commissions |
Other Compensations (1) |
Capital Research Brokerage Services, LLC |
$26,948 |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
(1)
This amount includes a monthly minimum fee of $700, which Capital Research Brokerage Services, LLC, receives from the Fund Manager for acting as distributor to the Funds.
DISTRIBUTION PLANS
The Fund has adopted Distribution Plans and Agreements pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act for its Class A Shares (the "Class A Plan") and Class C Shares (the Class C Plan) pursuant to which Class A and Class C shares of the Fund are authorized to pay fees to the Distributor for providing distribution and/or shareholder services to the Fund. Under the Class A Plan, Class A shares of the Fund may pay an account maintenance fee at an annual rate of 0.25% of the average net assets of Class A Shares as compensation for the Distributor providing account maintenance services to shareholders. Under the Class C Plan, Class C shares of the Fund may pay an account maintenance fee at an annual rate of 1.00% of the average net assets of Class C Shares as compensation for the Distributor providing account maintenance services to shareholders. Such fees are to be paid by the Fund monthly, or at such other intervals, as the Board shall determine. Such fees shall be based upon the Fund's average daily net assets during the preceding month, and shall be calculated and accrued daily. The Fund may pay fees to the Distributor at a lesser rate, as agreed upon by the Board of Trustees of the Trust and the Distributor. The Class A and Class C Plans authorizes payments to the Distributor as compensation for providing account maintenance services to Fund shareholders, including arranging for certain securities dealers or brokers, administrators and others (Recipients) to provide these services and paying compensation for these services. The Distributor or other entities also receive the proceeds and contingent deferred sales charges imposed on certain redemptions of shares, which are separate and apart from payments made pursuant to the respective Class A or Class C Plan.
Pursuant to the Plan s, the Fund Manager or Distributor is entitled to a fee each month for expenses incurred in the distribution and promotion of the applicable Funds shares, including but not limited to, printing of prospectuses and reports used for sales purposes, preparation and printing of sales literature and related expenses, advertisements, and other distribution-related expenses as well as any distribution or service fees paid to securities dealers or others who have executed a dealer agreement with the underwriter. Any expense of distribution in excess of authorized Plan fees will be borne by the Fund Manager or Distributor without any additional payments by the Fund. You should be aware that it is possible that Plan accruals will exceed the actual expenditures by the Fund Manager or Distributor for eligible services. Accordingly, such fees are not strictly tied to the provision of such services.
To the extent that the Fund, the Fund Manager, other parties on behalf of the Fund, or the Distributor make payments that are deemed to be payments for the financing of any activity primarily intended to result in the sale of shares issued by each Fund within the context of Rule 12b-1, such payments will be deemed to be made pursuant to the Plans. In no event shall the payments made under the Plan, plus any other payments deemed to be made pursuant to the Plan, exceed the amount permitted to be paid pursuant to the Conduct Rules of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., Article III, Section 26(d)(4).
The Plan s ha s been approved by the Board, including all of the Trustees who are non-interested persons as defined in the 1940 Act. The Plans must be renewed annually by the Board, including a majority of the Trustees who are non-interested persons of the Fund and who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plan s. The votes must be cast in person at a meeting called for that purpose. It is also required that the selection and nomination of such Trustees be done by the non-interested Trustees. The Plan may be terminated at any time, without any penalty: (i) by vote of a majority of the non-interested Trustees who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plan; or (ii) by vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Fund. , The Distributor or any dealer or other firm may also terminate their respective agreements at any time upon written notice.
The Plan s and any related agreement may not be amended to increase materially the amounts to be spent for distribution expenses without approval by a majority of the Funds outstanding shares, and all material amendments to the Plan s or any related agreements shall be approved by a vote of the non-interested Trustees, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on any such amendment.
The Fund Manager and the Distributor are required to report in writing to the Board of the Fund, at least quarterly, on the amounts and purpose of any payment made under the Plan s, as well as to furnish the Board with such other information as may reasonably be requested in order to enable the Board to make an informed determination of whether the Plan s should be continued.
During the fiscal years ended March 31, the Predecessor Fund paid the following 12b-1 fees pursuant to each prior rule 12b-1 Plan adopted by the :
CLASS |
March 31, 2011 |
March 31, 2010 |
March 31, 2009 |
Class A
|
$25,588
|
$26,390 |
|
Class C* |
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
*Class C shares have not yet commenced operations.
Estimated amounts paid under the Plan (as a percentage of TOTAL 12b-1 fees paid by the Funds: |
March 31, 2011 |
March 31, 2010 |
March 31, 2009 |
Compensation to Fund Manager and Distributor |
|
21% |
11% |
Compensation to Broker-Dealers |
|
79% |
89% |
.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The financial statements of the Predecessor Fund for the year ended March 31, 2011 and the independent registered public accountants report dated [ May 28, 2011 ] are incorporated herein by reference to the Predecessor Funds Annual Report. These financial statements include the schedules of investments, statements of assets and liabilities, statements of operations, statements of changes in net assets, financial highlights and notes. The Fund will provide the Predecessor Funds Annual Report without charge upon request in writing or by telephone.
|
|
|
APPENDIX A
[INSERT ADVISORS PROXY VOTING POLICY]
|
|
|
Northern Lights Fund Trust II
PART C
OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 28.
EXHIBITS.
(a)(1) |
Agreement and Declaration of Trust dated August 26, 2010 is filed herewith. |
(a)(2) |
Certificate of Trust as filed with the State of Delaware on August 26, 2010 is filed herewith. |
(b) |
By-Laws, effective as of August 26, 2010 are filed herewith. |
(c) |
Instruments Defining Rights of Security Holders. See Article III, “ Shares ” and Article V “ Shareholders ’ Voting Powers and Meetings ” of the Registrant ’ s Agreement and Declaration of Trust. See also, Article II, “ Meetings of Shareholders ” of the Registrant ’ s By-Laws. |
(d)(1) |
Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to the Alternative Strategies Mutual Fund to be filed by subsequent amendment. |
(d)(2) |
Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to Two Oaks Diversified Income Fund to be filed by subsequent amendment. |
(d)(3) |
Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to the Hundredfold Funds to be filed by subsequent amendment. |
(e)(1) |
Underwriting Agreement between the Registrant and Northern Lights Distributors LLC, to be filed by subsequent amendment. |
(f) |
Bonus or Profit Sharing Contracts - Not Applicable |
(g)(1) |
Custody Agreement between the Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon, to be filed by subsequent amendment. |
(g)(2) |
Custody Agreement between the Registrant and Union Bank, N.A., to be filed by subsequent amendment. |
(h)(1) |
Fund Services Agreement between the Registrant and Gemini Fund Services, LLC, to be filed by subsequent amendment. |
(h)(2) |
Expense Limitation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to the Alternative Strategies Mutual Fund to be filed by subsequent amendment |
(h)(3) |
Consulting Agreement with Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC to be filed by subsequent amendment. |
(h)(4) |
Expense Limitation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to Two Oaks Diversified Income Fund to be filed by subsequent amendment. |
(h)(5) |
Expense Limitation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to the Hundredfold Funds to be filed by subsequent amendment. |
(i)(1) |
Opinion of Alston & Bird LLP to be filed by subsequent amendment. |
(i)(2) |
Consent of Alston & Bird LLP to be filed by subsequent amendment. |
(j)(1) |
Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP to be filed by subsequent amendment. |
(j)(2) |
Consent of Cohen Fund Audit Services Ltd. to be filed by subsequent amendment. |
(j)(3) |
Consent of Ernst & Young LLP to be filed by subsequent amendment. |
(j)(4) |
Powers of Attorney is filed herewith. |
(k) |
Omitted Financial Statements - Not Applicable. |
(l) |
Initial Capital Agreements - Not Applicable. |
(m)(1) |
Rule 12b-1 Plan of Alternative Strategies Mutual Fund to be filed by subsequent amendment. |
(m)(2) |
Rule 12b-1 Plan of Two Oaks Diversified Income Fund to be filed by subsequent amendment. |
(m)(3) |
Rule 12b-1 Plan of Hundredfold Funds to be filed by subsequent amendment. |
(n) |
Rule 18f-3 Plan to be filed by subsequent amendment. |
(p)(1) |
Code of Ethics of Northern Lights Distributors, LLC, to be filed by subsequent amendment. |
(p)(2) |
Code of Ethics of Ascentia Capital Partners, LLC to be filed by subsequent amendment. |
(p)(3) |
Code of Ethics of Two Oaks Investment Management, Inc. to be filed by subsequent amendment. |
(p)(4) |
Code of Ethics of Advisors Preferred LLC to be filed by subsequent amendment. |
ITEM 29.
PERSONS CONTROLLED BY OR UNDER COMMON CONTROL WITH THE REGISTRANT.
None.
ITEM 30.
INDEMNIFICATION.
Article VIII, Section 2(a) of the Agreement and Declaration of Trust provides that to the fullest extent that limitations on the liability of Trustees and officers are permitted by the Delaware Statutory Trust Act of 2002, the officers and Trustees shall not be responsible or liable in any event for any act or omission of: any agent or employee of the Trust; any investment adviser or principal underwriter of the Trust; or with respect to each Trustee and officer, the act or omission of any other Trustee or officer, respectively. The Trust, out of the Trust Property, is required to indemnify and hold harmless each and every officer and Trustee from and against any and all claims and demands whatsoever arising out of or related to such officer ’ s or Trustee ’ s performance of his or her duties as an officer or Trustee of the Trust. This limitation on liability applies to events occurring at the time a person serves as a Trustee or officer of the Trust whether or not such person is a Trustee or officer at the time of any proceeding in which liability is asserted. Nothing contained in the Agreement and Declaration of Trust indemnifies, holds harmless or protects any officer or Trustee from or against any liability to the Trust or any shareholder to which such person would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of such person ’ s office.
Article VIII, Section 2(b) provides that every note, bond, contract, instrument, certificate or undertaking and every other act or document whatsoever issued, executed or done by or on behalf of the Trust, the officers or the Trustees or any of them in connection with the Trust shall be conclusively deemed to have been issued, executed or done only in such Person ’ s capacity as Trustee and/or as officer, and such Trustee or officer, as applicable, shall not be personally liable therefore, except as described in the last sentence of the first paragraph of Section 2 of Article VIII.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the provisions of Delaware law and the Agreement and Declaration of the Registrant or the By-Laws of the Registrant, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a trustee, officer or controlling person of the Trust in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
ITEM 31.
BUSINESS AND OTHER CONNECTIONS OF THE INVESTMENT ADVISER.
Certain information pertaining to the business and other connections of each Advisor of each series of the Trust is hereby incorporated herein by reference to the section of the respective Prospectus captioned “ Investment Advisor ” and to the section of the respective Statement of Additional Information captioned “ Investment Advisory and Other Services. ” The information required by this Item 31 with respect to each director, officer or partner of each Advisor is incorporated by reference to the Advisor ’ s Uniform Application for Investment Adviser Registration (Form ADV) on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission ( “ SEC ” ). Each Advisor ’ s Form ADV may be obtained, free of charge, at the SEC ’ s website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov, and may be requested by File No. as follows:
Ascentia Capital Partners, LLC, the Adviser to Alternative Strategies Mutual Fund -- File No. 801-65018
Advisors Preferred LLC , the Adviser to Hundredfold Funds-- File No.XXX-XXXXX
Two Oaks Investment Management, Inc., the Adviser to the Two Oaks Diversified Income Fund -- File No. XXX-XXXXX
ITEM 32.
PRINCIPAL UNDERWRITER.
(a)
Northern Lights Distributors, LLC ( “ NLD ” ), is the principal underwriter for all series of Northern Lights Fund Trust II . NLD also acts as principal underwriter for the following:
AdvisorOne Funds, Bryce Capital Funds, Copeland Trust, Epiphany Funds, Ladenburg Thalmann Alternative Strategies Fund, Miller Investment Trust, Nile Capital Investment Trust, North Country Funds, Northern Lights Variable Trust, and Northern Lights Fund Trust, Roge Partners Funds and The Saratoga Advantage Trust.
(b)
NLD is registered with Securities and Exchange Commission as a broker-dealer and is a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. The principal business address of NLD is 4020 South 147th Street, Omaha, Nebraska 68137. NLD is an affiliate of Gemini Fund Services, LLC. To the best of Registrant ’ s knowledge, the following are the members and officers of NLD:
Name |
Positions and Offices with Underwriter |
Positions and Offices with the Fund |
W. Patrick Clarke |
Manager |
None |
Brian Nielsen |
Manager, President, Secretary |
None |
Daniel Applegarth |
Treasurer |
None |
Mike Nielsen |
Chief Compliance Officer and AML Compliance Officer |
None |
(c)
Not Applicable.
ITEM 33.
LOCATION OF ACCOUNTS AND RECORDS.
The following entities prepare, maintain and preserve the records required by Section 31 (a) of the 1940 Act for the Registrant. These services are provided to the Registrant for such periods prescribed by the rules and regulations of the U. S. Securities and Exchange Commission under the 1940 Act and such records are the property of the entity required to maintain and preserve such records and will be surrendered promptly on request.
Bank of New York Mellon ( “ BNYM ” ), located at One Wall Street, New York, New York 10286, provides custodian services to the Two Oaks Diversified Income Fund pursuant to a Custody Agreement between BNYM and the Trust.
Union Bank, National Association, 350 California Street 6 th Floor, San Francisco, California 94104 (Union), provides custodian services to the Alternative Strategies Mutual Fund and Hundredfold Funds pursuant to a Custody Agreement between Union and the Trust.
Gemini Fund Services, LLC ( “ GFS ” ), located at 4020 South 147th Street, Suite 2, Omaha, Nebraska 68137, provides transfer agent and dividend disbursing services pursuant to a Transfer Agency and Service Agreements between GFS and the Trust. In such capacities, GFS provides pricing for each Fund ’ s portfolio securities, keeps records regarding securities and other assets in custody and in transfer, bank statements, canceled checks, financial books and records, and keeps records of each shareholder ’ s account and all disbursement made to shareholders. GFS also maintains all records required pursuant to Administrative Service Agreements with the Trust.
NLD, located at 4020 South 147th Street, Omaha, Nebraska 68137, serves as principal underwriter for all series of Northern Lights Fund Trust II, except Hundredfold Funds. NLD maintains all records required to be maintained pursuant to each Fund ’ s Distribution Plan and Agreement adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act.
Ascentia Capital Partners, LLC , located at 5485 Kietzke Lane, Reno, NV 89511, pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement with the Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to Alternative Strategies Mutual Fund.
Advisors Preferred LLC, located at 544 Routes 6 & 209, PO Box 909, Milford, Pennsylvania 18337, pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement with the Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to the Hundredfold Funds.
Two Oaks Investment Management, Inc., located at 7110 North Fresno Street, Suite 450, Fresno CA, 93720 pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement with the Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to the Two Oaks Diversified Income Fund.
ITEM 34.
MANAGEMENT SERVICES.
Not applicable.
ITEM 35.
UNDERTAKINGS.
See Item 30 above, second paragraph.
The Registrant undertakes to file an amendment to the registration statement with certified financial statements slowing the initial capital received before accepting subscriptions from more than 25 persons if the Trust intends to raise its initial capital under section 14(a)(3).
Signatures
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Hauppauge, State of New York, on the 15 th day of June, 2011.
Northern Lights Fund Trust II
(Registrant)
/s/ Andrew Rogers
By: Andrew Rogers,
President and Principal Executive Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this registration statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Brian Nielsen* |
Trustee & Chairman |
June 15, 2011 |
Charles Hobson Dry* |
Trustee |
June 15, 2011 |
Anthony Lewis* |
Trustee |
June 15, 2011 |
Keith Rhoades* |
Trustee |
June 15, 2011 |
Randy Skalla* |
Trustee |
June 15, 2011 |
/s/ Andrew Rogers |
President and Principal Executive Officer |
June 15, 2011 |
Kevin Wolf* |
Treasurer and Principal Accounting Officer |
June 15, 2011 |
By: Date:
/s/ James P. Ash
June 15, 2011
James P. Ash
*Attorney-in-Fact – Pursuant to Powers of Attorney filed herewith.
EXHIBIT INDEX
|
|
Exhibit |
Exhibit No. |
Agreement and Declaration of Trust |
(a)(1) |
Certificate of Trust |
(a)(2) |
Bylaws |
(b) |
Powers of Attorney |
(j)(4) |
AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST
of
Northern Lights Fund Trust II
a Delaware Statutory Trust
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ARTICLE I. Name and Definitions
Section 1 Name .
Section 2. Registered Agent and Registered Office; Principal Place of Business.
(a)
Registered Agent and Registered Office .
(b)
Principal Place of Business .
Section 3. Definitions
(a)
1940 Act
(b)
Affiliated Person
(c)
Assignment .
(d)
Board of Trustees
(e)
By-Laws
(f)
Certificate of Trust
(g)
Code
(h)
Commission
(i)
Delaware Act
(j)
Declaration of Trust
(k)
General Liabilities
(l)
Interested Person
(m) Investment Adviser or Adviser
(n)
Majority Shareholder Vote
(o)
National Financial Emergency
(p)
Person
(q)
Principal Underwriter
(r)
Series
(s)
Shares
(t)
Shareholder
(u)
Trust
(v)
Trust Property
(w)
Trustee or Trustees .
ARTICLE II. Purpose of Trust
ARTICLE III. Shares
Section 1. Division of Beneficial Interest .
Section 2. Ownership of Shares
Section 3. Investments in the Trust
Section 4. Status of Shares and Limitation of Personal Liability
Section 5. Power of Board of Trustees to Change Provisions Relating to Shares
Section 6. Establishment and Designation of Series
(a)
Assets Held with Respect to a Particular Series
(b)
Liabilities Held with Respect to a Particular Series
(c)
Dividends, Distributions, Redemptions and Repurchases
(d)
Voting
(e)
Equality
(f)
Fractions
(g)
Exchange Privilege
(h)
Combination of Series
(i)
Elimination of Series
Section 7. Indemnification of Shareholders
ARTICLE IV. The Board of Trustees
Section 1. Number, Election and Tenure
Section 2. Effect of Death, Resignation, Removal, etc. of a Trustee
Section 3. Powers
Section 4. Chairman of the Trustees
Section 5. Payment of Expenses by the Trust
Section 6. Payment of Expenses by Shareholders
Section 7. Ownership of Trust Property
Section 8. Service Contracts.
ARTICLE V. Shareholders Voting Powers and Meetings
Section 1. Voting Powers
Section 2. Meetings
Section 3. Quorum and Required Vote
Section 4. Shareholder Action by Written Consent without a Meeting
Section 5. Record Dates
Section 6. Derivative Actions
Section 7. Additional Provisions
ARTICLE VI. Custodian
Section 1. Appointment and Duties
Section 2. Central Certificate System
ARTICLE VII. Net Asset Value, Distributions and Redemptions
Section 1. Determination of Net Asset Value, Net Income and Distributions
Section 2. Redemptions at the Option of a Shareholder
Section 3. Redemptions at the Option of the Trust
ARTICLE VIII. Compensation and Limitation of Liability of Officers and Trustees
Section 1. Compensation
Section 2. Indemnification and Limitation of Liability.
Section 3. Officers and Trustees Good Faith Action, Expert Advice, No Bond or Surety
Section 4. Insurance
ARTICLE IX. Miscellaneous
Section 1. Liability of Third Persons Dealing with Trustees
Section 2. Dissolution of Trust or Series
Section 3. Merger and Consolidation; Conversion .
(a)
Merger and Consolidation .
(b)
Conversion
Section 4. Reorganization
Section 5. Amendments
Section 6. Filing of Copies, References, Headings
Section 7. Applicable Law
Section 8. Provisions in Conflict with Law or Regulations.
Section 9. Statutory Trust Only
Section 10. Fiscal Year
AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST
OF
NORTHERN LIGHTS FUND TRUST II
AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST made this 26th day of August 2010, by the Trustees hereunder, and by the holders of shares of beneficial interest to be issued hereunder as hereinafter provided. This Amended Agreement and Declaration of Trust shall be effective upon the filing of the Certificate of Trust in the office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.
W I T N E S S E T H:
WHEREAS this Trust has been formed to carry on the business of an investment company; and
WHEREAS this Trust is authorized to issue its shares of beneficial interest in separate Series, and to issue classes of Shares of any Series or divide Shares of any Series into two or more classes, all in accordance with the provisions hereinafter set forth; and
WHEREAS the Trustees have agreed to manage all property coming into their hands as trustees of a Delaware business trust in accordance with the provisions of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act of 2002 (12 Del. C. §3801, et seq. ), as from time to time amended and including any successor statute of similar import (the DSTA), and the provisions hereinafter set forth.
NOW, THEREFORE, the Trustees hereby declare that they will hold all cash, securities and other assets which they may from time to time acquire in any manner as Trustees hereunder IN TRUST to manage and dispose of the same upon the following terms and conditions for the benefit of the holders from time to time of shares of beneficial interest in this Trust and the Series created hereunder as hereinafter set forth.
ARTICLE I
Name and Definitions
.
Section 1. Name . The name of the Trust hereby created is Northern Lights Fund Trust II and the Trustees shall conduct the business of the Trust under that name, or any other name as they may from time to time determine.
Section 2. Registered Agent and Registered Office; Principal Place of Business.
Registered Agent and Registered Office . The name of the registered agent of the Trust and the address of the registered office of the Trust are as set forth on the Certificate of Trust.
Principal Place of Business . The principal place of business of the Trust is 4020 South 147 th Street, Omaha, NE 68137 or such other location within or outside of the State of Delaware as the Board of Trustees may determine from time to time.
Section 3. Definitions . Whenever used herein, unless otherwise required by the context or specifically provided:
1940 Act shall mean the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the rules and regulations thereunder, all as adopted or amended from time to time;
Affiliated Person shall have the meaning given to it in Section 2(a)(3) of the 1940 Act when used with reference to a specified Person;
Assignment shall have the meaning given in the 1940 Act, as modified by or interpreted by any applicable order or orders of the Commission or any rules or regulations adopted or interpretive releases of the Commission thereunder.
Board of Trustees shall mean the governing body of the Trust, which is comprised of the Trustees of the Trust;
By-Laws shall mean the By-Laws of the Trust, as amended from time to time in accordance with Article X of the By-Laws, and incorporated herein by reference;
Certificate of Trust shall mean the certificate of trust filed with the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware as required under the DSTA to form the Trust;
Code shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder;
Commission shall have the meaning given it in Section 2(a)(7) of the 1940 Act;
The Delaware Act refers to Chapter 38 of Title 12 of the Delaware Code entitled Treatment of Delaware Statutory Trusts, as it may be amended from time to time;
Declaration of Trust shall mean this Amended Agreement and Declaration of Trust, as amended or restated from time to time;
General Liabilities shall have the meaning given it in Article III, Section 6(b) of this Declaration Trust;
Interested Person shall have the meaning given it in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act;
Investment Adviser or Adviser shall mean a party furnishing services to the Trust pursuant to any contract described in Article IV, Section 7(a) hereof;
Majority Shareholder Vote shall have the same meaning as the term vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities is given in the 1940 Act, as modified by or interpreted by any applicable order or orders of the Commission or any rules or regulations adopted or interpretive releases of the Commission thereunder;
(o)
National Financial Emergency shall mean the whole or any part of any period set forth in Section 22(e) of the 1940 Act. The Board of Trustees may, in its discretion, declare that the suspension relating to a national financial emergency shall terminate, as the case may be, on the first business day on which the New York Stock Exchange shall have reopened or the period specified in Section 22(e) of the 1940 Act shall have expired (as to which, in the absence of an official ruling by the Commission, the determination of the Board of Trustees shall be conclusive);
Person shall include a natural person, partnership, limited partnership, trust, estate, association, corporation, custodian, nominee or any other individual or entity in its own or any representative capacity;
Principal Underwriter shall have the meaning given to it in Section 2(a)(29) of the 1940 Act;
Series means a series of Shares of the Trust established in accordance with the provisions of Article III, Section 6;
Shares shall mean the outstanding shares of beneficial interest into which the beneficial interest in the Trust shall be divided from time to time, and shall include fractional and whole shares;
Shareholder shall mean a record owner of Shares;
Trust shall refer to the Delaware statutory trust established by this Declaration of Trust, as amended from time to time;
Trust Property shall mean any and all property, real or personal, tangible or intangible, which is owned or held by or for the account of the Trust or one or more of any Series, including, without limitation, the rights referenced in Article VIII, Section 2 hereof;
Trustee or Trustees shall refer to each signatory to this Declaration of Trust as a trustee, so long as such signatory continues in office in accordance with the terms hereof, and all other Persons who may, from time to time, be duly elected or appointed, qualified and serving on the Board of Trustees in accordance with the provisions hereof. Reference herein to a Trustee or the Trustees shall refer to such Person or Persons in their capacity as Trustees hereunder.
ARTICLE II
Purpose of Trust
.
The purpose of the Trust is to conduct, operate and carry on the business of a registered management investment company registered under the 1940 Act through one or more Series investing primarily in securities and, in addition to any authority given by law, to exercise all of the powers and to do any and all of the things as fully and to the same extent as any private corporation organized for profit under the general corporation law of the State of Delaware, now or hereafter in force, including, without limitation, the following powers:
(a)
To invest and reinvest cash, to hold cash uninvested, and to subscribe for, invest in, reinvest in, purchase or otherwise acquire, own, hold, pledge, sell, assign, mortgage, transfer, exchange, distribute, write options on, lend or otherwise deal in or dispose of contracts for the future acquisition or delivery of fixed income or other securities, and securities or property of every nature and kind, including, without limitation, all types of bonds, debentures, stocks, preferred stocks, negotiable or non-negotiable instruments, obligations, evidences of indebtedness, certificates of deposit or indebtedness, commercial paper, repurchase agreements, bankers acceptances, and other securities of any kind, issued, created, guaranteed, or sponsored by any and all Persons, including, without limitation, states, territories, and possessions of the United States and the District of Columbia and any political subdivision, agency, or instrumentality thereof, any foreign government or any political subdivision of the U.S. Government or any foreign government, or any international instrumentality, or by any bank or savings institution, or by any corporation or organization organized under the laws of the United States or of any state, territory, or possession thereof, or by any corporation or organization organized under any foreign law, or in when issued contracts for any such securities, to change the investments of the assets of the Trust;
(b)
To exercise any and all rights, powers and privileges with reference to or incident to ownership or interest, use and enjoyment of any of such securities and other instruments or property of every kind and description, including, but without limitation, the right, power and privilege to own, vote, hold, purchase, sell, negotiate, assign, exchange, lend, transfer, mortgage, hypothecate, lease, pledge or write options with respect to or otherwise deal with, dispose of, use, exercise or enjoy any rights, title, interest, powers or privileges under or with reference to any of such securities and other instruments or property, the right to consent and otherwise act with respect thereto, with power to designate one or more Persons, to exercise any of said rights, powers, and privileges in respect of any of said instruments, and to do any and all acts and things for the preservation, protection, improvement and enhancement in value of any of such securities and other instruments or property;
(c)
To sell, exchange, lend, pledge, mortgage, hypothecate, lease or write options with respect to or otherwise deal in any property rights relating to any or all of the assets of the Trust or any Series, subject to any requirements of the 1940 Act;
(d)
To vote or give assent, or exercise any rights of ownership, with respect to stock or other securities or property; and to execute and deliver proxies or powers of attorney to such person or persons as the Trustees shall deem proper, granting to such person or persons such power and discretion with relation to securities or property as the Trustees shall deem proper;
(e)
To exercise powers and right of subscription or otherwise which in any manner arise out of ownership of securities;
(f)
To hold any security or property in a form not indicating that it is trust property, whether in bearer, unregistered or other negotiable form, or in its own name or in the name of a custodian or subcustodian or a nominee or nominees or otherwise or to authorize the custodian or a subcustodian or a nominee or nominees to deposit the same in a securities depository, subject in each case to proper safeguards according to the usual practice of investment companies or any rules or regulations applicable thereto;
(g)
To consent to, or participate in, any plan for the reorganization, consolidation or merger of any corporation or issuer of any security which is held in the Trust; to consent to any contract, lease, mortgage, purchase or sale of property by such corporation or issuer; and to pay calls or subscriptions with respect to any security held in the Trust;
(h)
To join with other security holders in acting through a committee, depositary, voting trustee or otherwise, and in that connection to deposit any security with, or transfer any security to, any such committee, depositary or trustee, and to delegate to them such power and authority with relation to any security (whether or not so deposited or transferred) as the Trustees shall deem proper, and to agree to pay, and to pay, such portion of the expenses and compensation of such committee, depositary or trustee as the Trustees shall deem proper;
(i)
To compromise, arbitrate or otherwise adjust claims in favor of or against the Trust or any matter in controversy, including but not limited to claims for taxes;
(j)
To enter into joint ventures, general or limited partnerships and any other combinations or associations;
(k)
To endorse or guarantee the payment of any notes or other obligations of any Person; to make contracts of guaranty or suretyship, or otherwise assume liability for payment thereof;
(l)
To purchase and pay for entirely out of Trust Property such insurance as the Trustees may deem necessary or appropriate for the conduct of the business, including, without limitation, insurance policies insuring the assets of the Trust or payment of distributions and principal on its portfolio investments, and insurance policies insuring the Shareholders, Trustees, officers, employees, agents, Investment Advisers, Principal Underwriters, or independent contractors of the Trust, individually against all claims and liabilities of every nature arising by reason of holding Shares, holding, being or having held any such office or position, or by reason of any action alleged to have been taken or omitted by any such Person as Trustee, officer, employee, agent, Investment Adviser, Principal Underwriter, or independent contractor, to the fullest extent permitted by this Amended Declaration of Trust, the By-laws and by applicable law; and
(m)
To adopt, establish and carry out pension, profit-sharing, share bonus, share purchase, savings, thrift and other retirement, incentive and benefit plans, trusts and provisions, including the purchasing of life insurance and annuity contracts as a means of providing such retirement and other benefits, for any or all of the Trustees, officers, employees and agents of the Trust.
(n)
To purchase or otherwise acquire, own, hold, sell, negotiate, exchange, assign, transfer, mortgage, pledge or otherwise deal with, dispose of, use, exercise or enjoy, property of all kinds.
(o)
To buy, sell, mortgage, encumber, hold, own, exchange, rent or otherwise acquire and dispose of, and to develop, improve, manage, subdivide, and generally to deal and trade in real property, improved and unimproved, and wheresoever situated; and to build, erect, construct, alter and maintain buildings, structures, and other improvements on real property.
(p)
To borrow or raise moneys for any of the purposes of the Trust, and to mortgage or pledge the whole or any part of the property and franchises of the Trust, real, personal, and mixed, tangible or intangible, and wheresoever situated.
(q)
To enter into, make and perform contracts and undertakings of every kind for any lawful purpose, without limit as to amount.
(r)
To issue, purchase, sell and transfer, reacquire, hold, trade and deal in Shares, bonds, debentures and other securities, instruments or other property of the Trust, from time to time, to such extent as the Board of Trustees shall, consistent with the provisions of this Declaration of Trust, determine; and to repurchase, re-acquire and redeem, from time to time, its Shares or, if any, its bonds, debentures and other securities.
The Trust shall not be limited to investing in obligations maturing before the possible dissolution of the Trust or one or more of its Series. The Trust shall not in any way be bound or limited by any present or future law or custom in regard to investment by fiduciaries. Neither the Trust nor the Trustees shall be required to obtain any court order to deal with any assets of the Trust or take any other action hereunder.
The foregoing clauses shall each be construed as purposes, objects and powers, and it is hereby expressly provided that the foregoing enumeration of specific purposes, objects and powers shall not be held to limit or restrict in any manner the powers of the Trust, and that they are in furtherance of, and in addition to, and not in limitation of, the general powers conferred upon the Trust by the DSTA and the other laws of the State of Delaware or otherwise; nor shall the enumeration of one thing be deemed to exclude another, although it be of like nature, not expressed.
ARTICLE III
Shares
.
Section 1. Division of Beneficial Interest . The beneficial interest in the Trust shall at all times be divided into Shares, all without par value. The number of Shares authorized hereunder is unlimited. The Board of Trustees may authorize the division of Shares into separate and distinct Series and the division of any Series into separate classes of Shares. The different Series and classes shall be established and designated, and the variations in the relative rights and preferences as between the different Series and classes shall be fixed and determined by the Board of Trustees without the requirement of Shareholder approval. If no separate Series or classes shall be established, the Shares shall have the rights and preferences provided for herein and in Article III, Section 6 hereof to the extent relevant and not otherwise provided for herein, and all references to Series and classes shall be construed (as the context may require) to refer to the Trust. The fact that a Series shall have initially been established and designated without any specific establishment or designation of classes (i.e., that all Shares of such Series are initially of a single class) shall not limit the authority of the Board of Trustees to establish and designate separate classes of said Series. The fact that a Series shall have more than one established and designated class, shall not limit the authority of the Board of Trustees to establish and designate additional classes of said Series, or to establish and designate separate classes of the previously established and designated classes.
The Board of Trustees shall have the power to issue Shares of the Trust, or any Series or class thereof, from time to time for such consideration (but not less than the net asset value thereof) and in such form as may be fixed from time to time pursuant to the direction of the Board of Trustees.
The Board of Trustees may hold as treasury shares, reissue for such consideration and on such terms as they may determine, or cancel, at their discretion from time to time, any Shares of any Series reacquired by the Trust. Shares held in the treasury shall not, until reissued, confer any voting rights on the Trustees, nor shall such Shares be entitled to any dividends or other distributions declared with respect to the Shares. The Board of Trustees may classify or reclassify any unissued Shares or any Shares previously issued and reacquired of any Series or class into one or more Series or classes that may be established and designated from time to time. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Trust and any Series thereof may acquire, hold, sell and otherwise deal in, for purposes of investment or otherwise, the Shares of any other Series of the Trust or Shares of the Trust, and such Shares shall not be deemed treasury shares or cancelled.
Subject to the provisions of Section 6 of this Article III, each Share shall have voting rights as provided in Article V hereof, and the Shareholders of any Series shall be entitled to receive dividends and distributions, when, if and as declared with respect thereto in the manner provided in Article IV, Section 3 hereof. No Share shall have any priority or preference over any other Share of the same Series or class with respect to dividends or distributions paid in the ordinary course of business or distributions upon dissolution of the Trust or of such Series or class made pursuant to Article VIII, Section 2 hereof. All dividends and distributions shall be made ratably among all Shareholders of a particular class of Series from the Trust Property held with respect to such Series according to the number of Shares of such class of such Series held of record by such Shareholders on the record date for any dividend or distribution. Shareholders shall have no preemptive or other right to subscribe to new or additional Shares or other securities issued by the Trust or any Series. The Trustees may from time to time divide or combine the Shares of any particular Series into a greater or lesser number of Shares of that Series. Such division or combination may not materially change the proportionate beneficial interests of the Shares of that Series in the Trust Property held with respect to that Series or materially affect the rights of Shares of any other Series.
Any Trustee, officer or other agent of the Trust, and any organization in which any such Person is interested, may acquire, own, hold and dispose of Shares of the Trust to the same extent as if such Person were not a Trustee, officer or other agent of the Trust; and the Trust may issue and sell or cause to be issued and sold and may purchase Shares from any such Person or any such organization subject only to the general limitations, restrictions or other provisions applicable to the sale or purchase of such Shares generally.
Section 2. Ownership of Shares . The ownership of Shares shall be recorded on the books of the Trust kept by the Trust or by a transfer or similar agent for the Trust, which books shall be maintained separately for the Shares of each Series and class thereof that has been established and designated. No certificates certifying the ownership of Shares shall be issued except as the Board of Trustees may otherwise determine from time to time. The Board of Trustees may make such rules not inconsistent with the provisions of the 1940 Act as they consider appropriate for the issuance of Share certificates, the transfer of Shares of each Series or class and similar matters. The record books of the Trust as kept by the Trust or any transfer or similar agent, as the case may be, shall be conclusive as to who are the Shareholders of each Series or class thereof and as to the number of Shares of each Series or class thereof held from time to time by each such Shareholder.
Section 3. Investments in the Trust . Investments may be accepted by the Trust from such Persons, at such times, on such terms, and for such consideration as the Board of Trustees may, from time to time, authorize. Each investment shall be credited to the individual Shareholders account in the form of full and fractional Shares of the Trust, in such Series or class as the purchaser may select, at the net asset value per Share next determined for such Series or class after receipt of the investment; provided , however , that the Principal Underwriter may, pursuant to its agreement with the Trust, impose a sales charge upon investments in the Trust.
Section 4. Status of Shares and Limitation of Personal Liability . Shares shall be deemed to be personal property giving to Shareholders only the rights provided in this Declaration of Trust and under applicable law. Every Shareholder by virtue of having become a Shareholder shall be held to have expressly assented and agreed to the terms hereof and to have become a party hereto. The death of a Shareholder during the existence of the Trust shall not operate to dissolve the Trust or any Series, nor entitle the representative of any deceased Shareholder to an accounting or to take any action in court or elsewhere against the Trust or the Trustees or any Series, but entitles such representative only to the rights of said deceased Shareholder under this Declaration of Trust. Ownership of Shares shall not entitle the Shareholder to any title in or to the whole or any part of the Trust Property or right to call for a partition or division of the same or for an accounting, nor shall the ownership of Shares constitute the Shareholders as partners. Neither the Trust nor the Trustees, nor any officer, employee or agent of the Trust, shall have any power to bind personally any Shareholder, nor, except as specifically provided herein, to call upon any Shareholder for the payment of any sum of money or assessment whatsoever other than such as the Shareholder may at any time personally agree to pay. All Shares when issued on the terms determined by the Board of Trustees shall be fully paid and nonassessable. As provided in the DSTA, Shareholders of the Trust shall be entitled to the same limitation of personal liability extended to stockholders of a private corporation organized for profit under the general corporation law of the State of Delaware.
Section 5. Power of Board of Trustees to Change Provisions Relating to Shares . Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Declaration of Trust and without limiting the power of the Board of Trustees to amend this Declaration of Trust or the Certificate of Trust as provided elsewhere herein, the Board of Trustees shall have the power to amend this Declaration of Trust, or the Certificate of Trust, at any time and from time to time, in such manner as the Board of Trustees may determine in its sole discretion, without the need for Shareholder action, so as to add to, delete, replace or otherwise modify any provisions relating to the Shares contained in this Declaration of Trust, provided that before adopting any such amendment without Shareholder approval, the Board of Trustees shall determine that it is consistent with the fair and equitable treatment of all Shareholders and that Shareholder approval is not otherwise required by the 1940 Act or other applicable law. If Shares have been issued, Shareholder approval shall be required to adopt any amendments to this Declaration of Trust which would adversely affect to a material degree the rights and preferences of the Shares of any Series or class already issued; provided , however , that in the event that the Board of Trustees determines that the Trust shall no longer be operated as an investment company in accordance with the provisions of the 1940 Act, the Board of Trustees may adopt such amendments to this Declaration of Trust to delete those terms the Board of Trustees identifies as being required by the 1940 Act.
Subject to the foregoing Paragraph, the Board of Trustees may amend the Declaration of Trust to amend any of the provisions set forth in paragraphs (a) through (i) of Section 6 of this Article III.
The Board of Trustees shall have the power, in its discretion, to make such elections as to the tax status of the Trust as may be permitted or required under the Code as presently in effect or as amended, without the vote of any Shareholder.
Section 6. Establishment and Designation of Series . The establishment and designation of any Series or class of Shares shall be effective upon the resolution by a majority of the then Board of Trustees, adopting a resolution which sets forth such establishment and designation and the relative rights and preferences of such Series or class. Each such resolution shall be incorporated herein by reference upon adoption.
Each Series shall be separate and distinct from any other Series and shall maintain separate and distinct records on the books of the Trust, and the assets and liabilities belonging to any such Series shall be held and accounted for separately from the assets and liabilities of the Trust or any other Series.
Shares of each Series or class established pursuant to this Section 6, unless otherwise provided in the resolution establishing such Series, shall have the following relative rights and preferences:
Assets Held with Respect to a Particular Series . All consideration received by the Trust for the issue or sale of Shares of a particular Series, together with all assets in which such consideration is invested or reinvested, all income, earnings, profits, and proceeds thereof from whatever source derived, including, without limitation, any proceeds derived from the sale, exchange or liquidation of such assets, and any funds or payments derived from any reinvestment of such proceeds in whatever form the same may be, shall irrevocably be held with respect to that Series for all purposes, subject only to the rights of creditors with respect to that Series, and shall be so recorded upon the books of account of the Trust. Such consideration, assets, income, earnings, profits and proceeds thereof, from whatever source derived, including, without limitation, any proceeds derived from the sale, exchange or liquidation of such assets, and any funds or payments derived from any reinvestment of such proceeds, in whatever form the same may be, are herein referred to as assets held with respect to that Series. In the event that there are any assets, income, earnings, profits and proceeds thereof, funds or payments which are not readily identifiable as assets held with respect to any particular Series (collectively General Assets), the Board of Trustees shall allocate such General Assets to, between or among any one or more of the Series in such manner and on such basis as the Board of Trustees, in its sole discretion, deems fair and equitable, and any General Asset so allocated to a particular Series shall be held with respect to that Series. Each such allocation by the Board of Trustees shall be conclusive and binding upon the Shareholders of all Series for all purposes.
Liabilities Held with Respect to a Particular Series . The assets of the Trust held with respect to each particular Series shall be charged against the liabilities of the Trust held with respect to that Series and all expenses, costs, charges and reserves attributable to that Series, and any liabilities, expenses, costs, charges and reserves of the Trust which are not readily identifiable as being held with respect to any particular Series (collectively General Liabilities) shall be allocated and charged by the Board of Trustees to and among any one or more of the Series in such manner and on such basis as the Board of Trustees in its sole discretion deems fair and equitable. The liabilities, expenses, costs, charges, and reserves so charged to a Series are herein referred to as liabilities held with respect to that Series. Each allocation of liabilities, expenses, costs, charges and reserves by the Board of Trustees shall be conclusive and binding upon the Shareholders of all Series for all purposes. All Persons who have extended credit which has been allocated to a particular Series, or who have a claim or contract that has been allocated to any particular Series, shall look, and shall be required by contract to look exclusively, to the assets of that particular Series for payment of such credit, claim, or contract. In the absence of an express contractual agreement so limiting the claims of such creditors, claimants and contract providers, each creditor, claimant and contract provider will be deemed nevertheless to have impliedly agreed to such limitation unless an express provision to the contrary has been incorporated in the written contract or other document establishing the claimant relationship.
Subject to the right of the Board of Trustees in its discretion to allocate General Liabilities as provided herein, the debts, liabilities, obligations and expenses incurred, contracted for or otherwise existing with respect to a particular Series, whether such Series is now authorized and existing pursuant to this Declaration of Trust or is hereafter authorized and existing pursuant to this Declaration of Trust, shall be enforceable against the assets held with respect to that Series only, and not against the assets of any other Series or the Trust generally and none of the debts, liabilities, obligations and expenses incurred, contracted for or otherwise existing with respect to the Trust generally or any other Series thereof shall be enforceable against the assets held with respect to such Series. Notice of this limitation on liabilities between and among Series shall be set forth in the Certificate of Trust of the Trust (whether originally or by amendment) as filed or to be filed in the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware pursuant to the DSTA, and upon the giving of such notice in the Certificate of Trust, the statutory provisions of Section 3804 of the DSTA relating to limitations on liabilities between and among Series (and
the statutory effect under Section 3804 of setting forth such notice in the Certificate of Trust) shall become applicable to the Trust and each Series.
Dividends, Distributions, Redemptions and Repurchases . Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Declaration of Trust, including, without limitation, Article VI, no dividend or distribution including, without limitation, any distribution paid upon dissolution of the Trust or of any Series with respect to, nor any redemption or repurchase of, the Shares of any Series or class shall be effected by the Trust other than from the assets held with respect to such Series, nor, except as specifically provided in Section 7 of this Article III, shall any Shareholder of any particular Series otherwise have any right or claim against the assets held with respect to any other Series or the Trust generally except to the extent that such Shareholder has such a right or claim hereunder as a Shareholder of such other Series. The Board of Trustees shall have full discretion, to the extent not inconsistent with the 1940 Act, to determine which items shall be treated as income and which items as capital; and each such determination and allocation shall be conclusive and binding upon the Shareholders.
Voting . All Shares of the Trust entitled to vote on a matter shall vote on the matter, separately by Series and, if applicable, by class, subject to: (1) where the 1940 Act requires all Shares of the Trust to be voted in the aggregate without differentiation between the separate Series or classes, then all of the Trusts Shares shall vote in the aggregate; and (2) if any matter affects only the interests of some but not all Series or classes, then only the Shareholders of such affected Series or classes shall be entitled to vote on the matter.
Equality . All Shares of each particular Series shall represent an equal proportionate undivided beneficial interest in the assets held with respect to that Series (subject to the liabilities held with respect to that Series and such rights and preferences as may have been established and designated with respect to classes of Shares within such Series), and each Share of any particular Series shall be equal to each other Share of that Series (subject to the rights and preferences with respect to separate classes of such Series).
Fractions . Any fractional Share of a Series shall carry proportionately all the rights and obligations of a whole Share of that Series, including rights with respect to voting, receipt of dividends and distributions, redemption of Shares and dissolution of the Trust or that Series.
Exchange Privilege . The Board of Trustees shall have the authority to provide that the holders of Shares of any Series shall have the right to exchange said Shares for Shares of one or more other Series in accordance with such requirements and procedures as may be established by the Board of Trustees, and in accordance with the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder.
Combination of Series . The Board of Trustees shall have the authority, without the approval of the Shareholders of any Series unless otherwise required by applicable law, to combine the assets and liabilities held with respect to any two or more Series into assets and liabilities held with respect to a single Series.
Elimination of Series . At any time that there are no Shares outstanding of any particular Series or class previously established and designated, the Board of Trustees may by resolution of a majority of the then Board of Trustees abolish that Series or class and rescind the establishment and designation thereof.
Section 7. Indemnification of Shareholders . If any Shareholder or former Shareholder shall be exposed to liability by reason of a claim or demand relating solely to his or her being or having been a Shareholder of the Trust (or by having been a Shareholder of a particular Series), and not because of such Persons acts or omissions, the Shareholder or former Shareholder (or, in the case of a natural person, his or her heirs, executors, administrators, or other legal representatives or, in the case of a corporation or other entity, its corporate or other general successor) shall be entitled to be held harmless from and indemnified out of the assets of the Trust or out of the assets of the applicable Series (as the case may be) against all loss and expense arising from such claim or demand; provided , however , there shall be no liability or obligation of the Trust (or any particular Series) arising hereunder to reimburse any Shareholder for taxes paid by reason of such Shareholders ownership of any Shares.
ARTICLE IV
Section 1. Number, Election and Tenure . The number of Trustees constituting the Board of Trustees may be fixed from time to time by a written instrument signed, or by resolution approved at a duly constituted meeting, by a majority of the Board of Trustees, provided, however, that the number of Trustees shall in no event be less than one (1) nor more than fifteen (15). The initial Trustee shall be the person named herein. The Board of Trustees, by action of a majority of the then Trustees at a duly constituted meeting, may fill vacancies in the Board of Trustees or remove any Trustee with or without cause. The Shareholders may elect Trustees, including filling any vacancies in the Board of Trustees, at any meeting of Shareholders called by the Board of Trustees for that purpose. A meeting of Shareholders for the purpose of electing one or more Trustees may be called by the Board of Trustees or, to the extent provided by the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, by the Shareholders. Shareholders shall have the power to remove a Trustee only to the extent provided by the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder.
Each Trustee shall serve during the continued lifetime of the Trust until he or she dies, resigns, is declared bankrupt or incompetent by a court of appropriate jurisdiction, or is removed, or, if sooner than any of such events, until the next meeting of Shareholders called for the purpose of electing Trustees and until the election and qualification of his or her successor. Any Trustee may resign at any time by written instrument signed by him or her and delivered to any officer of the Trust or to a meeting of the Board of Trustees. Such resignation shall be effective upon receipt unless specified to be effective at some later time. Except to the extent expressly provided in a written agreement with the Trust, no Trustee resigning and no Trustee removed shall have any right to any compensation for any period following any such event or any right to damages on account of such events or any actions taken in connection therewith following his or her resignation or removal.
Section 2. Effect of Death, Resignation, Removal, etc. of a Trustee . The death, declination, resignation, retirement, removal, declaration as bankrupt or incapacity of one or more Trustees, or of all of them, shall not operate to dissolve the Trust or any Series or to revoke any existing agency created pursuant to the terms of this Declaration of Trust. Whenever a vacancy in the Board of Trustees shall occur, until such vacancy is filled as provided in this Article IV, Section 1, the Trustee(s) in office, regardless of the number, shall have all the powers granted to the Board of Trustees and shall discharge all the duties imposed upon the Board of Trustees by this Declaration of Trust. In the event of the death, declination, resignation, retirement, removal, declaration as bankrupt or incapacity of all of the then Trustees, the Trusts Investment Adviser(s) is (are) empowered to appoint new Trustees subject to the provisions of Section 16(a) of the 1940 Act.
Section 3. Powers . Subject to the provisions of this Declaration of Trust, the Board of Trustees shall manage the business of the Trust, and such Board of Trustees shall have all powers necessary or convenient to carry out that responsibility, including, without limitation, the power to engage in securities or other transactions of all kinds on behalf of the Trust. The Board of Trustees shall have full power and authority to do any and all acts and to make and execute any and all contracts and instruments that it may consider necessary or appropriate in connection with the administration of the Trust. The Trustees shall not be bound or limited by present or future laws or customs with regard to investment by trustees or fiduciaries, but shall have full authority and absolute power and control over the assets of the Trust and the business of the Trust to the same extent as if the Trustees were the sole owners of the assets of the Trust and the business in their own right, including such authority, power and control to do all acts and things as they, in their sole discretion, shall deem proper to accomplish the purposes of this Trust. Without limiting the foregoing, the Trustees may: (1) adopt, amend and repeal By-Laws not inconsistent with this Declaration of Trust providing for the regulation and management of the affairs of the Trust; (2) fill vacancies in or remove from their number in accordance with this Declaration of Trust or the By-Laws, and may elect and remove such officers and appoint and terminate such agents as they consider appropriate; (3) appoint from their own number and establish and terminate one or more committees consisting of two or more Trustees which may exercise the powers and authority of the Board of Trustees to the extent that the Board of Trustees determine; (4) employ one or more custodians of the Trust Property and may authorize such custodians to employ subcustodians and to deposit all or any part of such Trust Property in a system or systems for the central handling of securities or with a Federal Reserve Bank; (5) retain a transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent, a shareholder servicing agent or administrative services agent, or all of them; (6) provide for the issuance and distribution of Shares by the Trust directly or through one or more Principal Underwriters or otherwise; (7) retain one or more Investment Adviser(s); (8) redeem, repurchase and transfer Shares pursuant to applicable law; (9) set record dates for the determination of Shareholders with respect to various matters, in the manner provided in Article V, Section 5 of this Declaration of Trust; (10) declare and pay dividends and distributions to Shareholders from the Trust Property; (11) establish from time to time, in accordance with the provisions of Article III, Section 6 hereof, any Series or class of Shares, each such Series to operate as a separate and distinct investment medium and with separately defined investment objectives and policies and distinct investment purposes; and (12) in general delegate such authority as they consider desirable to any officer of the Trust, to any committee of the Board of Trustees and to any agent or employee of the Trust or to any such custodian, transfer, dividend disbursing or shareholder servicing agent, Principal Underwriter or Investment Adviser. Any determination as to what is in the best interests of the Trust made by the Board of Trustees in good faith shall be conclusive.
In construing the provisions of this Declaration of Trust, the presumption shall be in favor of a grant of power to the Trustees. Unless otherwise specified herein or required by law, any action by the Board of Trustees shall be deemed effective if approved or taken by a majority of the Trustees then in office.
Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Board of Trustees, or a committee thereof, may be taken without a meeting if a majority of the members of the Board of Trustees, or committee thereof, as the case may be, shall individually or collectively consent in writing to that action. Such action by written consent shall have the same force and effect as a majority vote of the Board of Trustees, or committee thereof, as the case may be. Such written consent or consents shall be filed with the minutes of the proceedings of the Board of Trustees, or committee thereof, as the case may be.
The Trustees shall devote to the affairs of the Trust such time as may be necessary for the proper performance of their duties hereunder, but neither the Trustees nor the officers, directors, shareholders or partners of the Trustees, shall be expected to devote their full time to the performance of such duties. The Trustees, or any Affiliate shareholder, officer, director, partner or employee thereof, or any Person owning a legal or beneficial interest therein, may engage in or possess an interest in any other business or venture of any nature and description, independently or with or for the account of others.
Section 4. Chairman of the Trustees . The Trustees shall appoint one of their number to be Chairman of the Board of Trustees. The Chairman shall preside at all meetings of the Trustees, shall be responsible for the execution of policies established by the Trustees and the administration of the Trust, and may be (but is not required to be) the chief executive, financial and/or accounting officer of the Trust.
Section 5. Payment of Expenses by the Trust . The Board of Trustees is authorized to pay or cause to be paid out of the principal or income of the Trust or any particular Series or class, or partly out of the principal and partly out of the income of the Trust or any particular Series or class, and to charge or allocate the same to, between or among such one or more of the Series or classes that may be established or designated pursuant to Article III, Section 6, as it deems fair, all expenses, fees, charges, taxes and liabilities incurred by or arising in connection with the maintenance or operation of the Trust or a particular Series or class, or in connection with the management thereof, including, but not limited to, the Trustees compensation and such expenses, fees, charges, taxes and liabilities for the services of the Trusts officers, employees, Investment Adviser, Principal Underwriter, auditors, counsel, custodian, sub-custodian (if any), transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent, shareholder servicing agent, and such other agents or independent contractors and such other expenses, fees, charges, taxes and liabilities as the Board of Trustees may deem necessary or proper to incur.
Section 6. Payment of Expenses by Shareholders . The Board of Trustees shall have the power, as frequently as it may determine, to cause each Shareholder of the Trust, or each Shareholder of any particular Series, to pay directly, in advance or arrears, for charges of the Trusts custodian or transfer, dividend disbursing, shareholder servicing or similar agent, an amount fixed from time to time by the Board of Trustees, by setting off such charges due from such Shareholder from declared but unpaid dividends or distributions owed such Shareholder and/or by reducing the number of Shares in the account of such Shareholder by that number of full and/or fractional Shares which represents the outstanding amount of such charges due from such Shareholder.
Section 7. Ownership of Trust Property . Legal title to all of the Trust Property shall at all times be considered to be vested in the Trust, except that the Board of Trustees shall have the power to cause legal title to any Trust Property to be held by or in the name of any Person as nominee, on such terms as the Board of Trustees may determine, in accordance with applicable law.
(a)
Subject to such requirements and restrictions as may be set forth in the By-Laws and/or the 1940 Act, the Board of Trustees may, at any time and from time to time, contract for exclusive or nonexclusive advisory, management and/or administrative services for the Trust or for any Series with any corporation, trust, association or other organization, including any Affiliate; and any such contract may contain such other terms as the Board of Trustees may determine, including without limitation, authority for the Investment Adviser or administrator to determine from time to time without prior consultation with the Board of Trustees what securities and other instruments or property shall be purchased or otherwise acquired, owned, held, invested or reinvested in, sold, exchanged, transferred, mortgaged, pledged, assigned, negotiated, or otherwise dealt with or disposed of, and what portion, if any, of the Trust Property shall be held uninvested and to make changes in the Trusts or a particular Series investments, or such other activities as may specifically be delegated to such party.
(b)
The Board of Trustees may also, at any time and from time to time, contract with any corporation, trust, association or other organization, including any Affiliate, appointing it or them as the exclusive or nonexclusive distributor or Principal Underwriter for the Shares of the Trust or one or more of the Series or classes thereof or for other securities to be issued by the Trust, or appointing it or them to act as the custodian, transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent and/or shareholder servicing agent for the Trust or one or more of the Series or classes thereof.
(c)
The Board of Trustees is further empowered, at any time and from time to time, to contract with any Persons to provide such other services to the Trust or one or more of its Series, as the Board of Trustees determines to be in the best interests of the Trust or one or more of its Series.
(d)
The fact that:
(i) any of the Shareholders, Trustees, employees or officers of the Trust is a shareholder, director, officer, partner, trustee, employee, manager, Adviser, Principal Underwriter, distributor, or Affiliate or agent of or for any corporation, trust, association, or other organization, or for any parent or Affiliate of any organization with which an Advisers, management or administration contract, or Principal Underwriters or distributors contract, or custodian, transfer, dividend disbursing, shareholder servicing or other type of service contract may have been or may hereafter be made, or that any such organization, or any parent or Affiliate thereof, is a Shareholder or has an interest in the Trust, or that
(ii) any corporation, trust, association or other organization with which an Advisers, management or administration contract or Principal Underwriters or distributors contract, or custodian, transfer, dividend disbursing, shareholder servicing or other type of service contract may have been or may hereafter be made also has an Advisers, management or administration contract, or Principal Underwriters or distributors contract, or custodian, transfer, dividend disbursing, shareholder servicing or other service contract with one or more other corporations, trusts, associations, or other organizations, or has other business or interests, shall not affect the validity of any such contract or disqualify any Shareholder, Trustee, employee or officer of the Trust from voting upon or executing the same, or create any liability or accountability to the Trust or its Shareholders, provided that the establishment of and performance under each such contract is permissible under the provisions of the 1940 Act.
(e)
Every contract referred to in this Section 7 shall comply with such requirements and restrictions as may be set forth in the By-Laws, the 1940 Act or stipulated by resolution of the Board of Trustees; and any such contract may contain such other terms as the Board of Trustees may determine.
ARTICLE V
Shareholders Voting Powers and Meetings
.
Section 1. Voting Powers . Subject to the provisions of Article III, Section 6(d), the Shareholders shall have power to vote only (i) for the election of Trustees, including the filling of any vacancies in the Board of Trustees, as provided in Article IV, Section 1; (ii) with respect to such additional matters relating to the Trust as may be required by this Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws, the 1940 Act or any registration statement of the Trust filed with the Commission; and (iii) on such other matters as the Board of Trustees may consider necessary or desirable. The Shareholder of record (as of the record date established pursuant to Section 5 of this Article V) of each Share shall be entitled to one vote for each full Share, and a fractional vote for each fractional Share. Shareholders shall not be entitled to cumulative voting in the election of Trustees or on any other matter. Shareholders may vote Shares in person or by proxy.
Section 2. Meetings . Meetings of the Shareholders may be held within or outside the State of Delaware. Meetings of the Shareholders of the Trust or a Series may be called by the Board of Trustees, Chairman of the Board or the President of the Trust for any lawful purpose, including the purpose of electing Trustees as provided in Article IV, Section 1. Special meetings of the Shareholders of the Trust or any Series shall be called by the Board of Trustees, Chairman or President upon the written request of Shareholders owning the requisite percentage amount of the outstanding Shares entitled to vote specified in the By-Laws. Whenever ten or more Shareholders meeting the qualifications set forth in Section 16(c) of the 1940 Act, as the same may be amended from time to time, seek the opportunity of furnishing materials to the other Shareholders with a view to obtaining signatures on such a request for a meeting, the Trustees shall comply with the provisions of said Section 16(c) with respect to providing such Shareholders access to the list of the Shareholders of record of the Trust or the mailing of such materials to such Shareholders of record, subject to any rights provided to the Trust or any Trustees provided by said Section 16(c). Shareholders shall be entitled to at least fifteen (15) days notice of any meeting.
Section 3. Quorum and Required Vote . Except when a larger quorum is required by applicable law, by the By-Laws or by this Declaration of Trust, thirty-three and one-third percent (33-1/3%) of the Shares present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote at a Shareholders meeting shall constitute a quorum at such meeting. When a separate vote by one or more Series or classes is required, thirty-three and one-third percent (33-1/3%) of the Shares of each such Series or class present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote shall constitute a quorum at a Shareholders meeting of such Series or class. Subject to the provisions of Article III, Section 6(d), Article VIII, Section 4 and any other provision of this Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws or applicable law which requires a different vote: (1) in all matters other than the election of Trustees, the affirmative vote of the majority of votes cast at a Shareholders meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Shareholders; (2) Trustees shall be elected by a plurality of the votes cast at a Shareholders meeting at which a quorum is present.
Section 4. Shareholder Action by Written Consent without a Meeting . Any action which may be taken at any meeting of Shareholders may be taken without a meeting and without prior notice if a consent in writing setting forth the action so taken is signed by the holders of Shares having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take that action at a meeting at which all Shares entitled to vote on that action were present and voted. All such consents shall be filed with the secretary of the Trust and shall be maintained in the Trusts records. Any Shareholder giving a written consent or the Shareholders proxy holders or a transferee of the Shares or a personal representative of the Shareholder or its respective proxy-holder may revoke the consent by a writing received by the secretary of the Trust before written consents of the number of Shares required to authorize the proposed action have been filed with the secretary.
If the consents of all Shareholders entitled to vote have not been solicited in writing and if the unanimous written consent of all such Shareholders shall not have been received, the secretary shall give prompt notice of the action taken without a meeting to such Shareholders. This notice shall be given in the manner specified in the By-Laws.
Section 5. Record Dates . For purposes of determining the Shareholders entitled to notice of any meeting or to vote or entitled to give consent to action without a meeting, the Board of Trustees may fix in advance a record date which shall not be more than one hundred eighty (180) days nor less than seven (7) days before the date of any such meeting.
If the Board of Trustees does not so fix a record date:
(a)
The record date for determining Shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of Shareholders shall be at the close of business on the business day next preceding the day on which notice is given or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the business day which is five (5) business days next preceding to the day on which the meeting is held.
(b)
The record date for determining Shareholders entitled to give consent to action in writing without a meeting, (i) when no prior action by the Board of Trustees has been taken, shall be the day on which the first written consent is given, or (ii) when prior action of the Board of Trustees has been taken, shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Trustees adopts the resolution taking such prior action or the seventy-fifth (75th) day before the date of such other action, whichever is later.
For the purpose of determining the Shareholders of any Series or class who are entitled to receive payment of any dividend or of any other distribution, the Board of Trustees may from time to time fix a date, which shall be before the date for the payment of such dividend or such other distribution, as the record date for determining the Shareholders of such Series or class having the right to receive such dividend or distribution. Nothing in this Section shall be construed as precluding the Board of Trustees from setting different record dates for different Series or classes.
Section 6. Derivative Actions . In addition to the requirements set forth in Section 3816 of the Delaware Act, a Shareholder may bring derivative action on behalf of the Trust only if the Shareholder or Shareholders first make a pre-suit demand upon the Trustees to bring the subject action unless an effort to cause the Trustees to bring such action is excused. A demand on the Trustees shall only be excused if a majority of the Board of Trustees, or a majority of any committee established to consider the merits of such action, has a personal financial interest in the action at issue. A Trustee shall not be deemed to have a personal financial interest in an action or otherwise be disqualified from ruling on a Shareholder demand by virtue of the fact that such Trustee receives remuneration from his service on the Board of Trustees of the Trust or on the boards of one or more investment companies with the same or an affiliated investment advisor or underwriter.
Section 7. Additional Provisions . The By-Laws may include further provisions for Shareholders votes, meetings and related matters.
ARTICLE VI
Custodian .
Section 1. Appointment and Duties . The Trustees shall at all times employ a bank, a company that is a member of a national securities exchange, or a trust company, each having capital, surplus and undivided profits of at least two million dollars ($2,000,000) as custodian with authority as its agent, but subject to such restrictions, limitations and other requirements, if any, as may be contained in the Bylaws of the Trust:
(a)
To hold the securities owned by the Trust and deliver the same upon written order or oral order confirmed in writing, or by such electro-mechanical or electronic devices as are agreed to by the Trust and the custodian, if such procedures have been authorized in writing by the Trust;
(b)
To receive and receipt for any moneys due to the Trust and deposit the same in its own banking department or else where as the Trustees may direct;
(c)
To disburse such funds upon orders or vouchers;
and the Trust may also employ such custodian as its agent:
(d)
To keep the books and accounts of the Trust or of any Series or class and furnish clerical and accounting services; and
(e)
To compute, if authorized to do so by the Trustees, the Net Asset Value of any Series, or class thereof, in accordance with the provisions hereof; all upon such basis of compensation as may be agreed upon between the Trustees and the custodian.
The Trustees may also authorize the custodian to employ one or more sub-custodians from time to time to perform such of the acts and services of the custodian, and upon such terms and conditions, as may be agreed upon between the custodian and such sub-custodian and approved by the Trustees, provided that in every case such sub-custodian shall be a bank, a company that is a member of a national securities exchange, or a trust company organized under the laws of the United States or one of the states thereof and having capital, surplus and undivided profits of at least two million dollars ($2,000,000) or such other person as may be permitted by the Commission, or otherwise in accordance with the 1940 Act.
Section 2. Central Certificate System . Subject to such rules, regulations and orders as the Commission may adopt, the Trustees may direct the custodian to deposit all or any part of the securities owned by the Trust in a system for the central handling of securities established by a national securities exchange or a national securities association registered with the Commission under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or such other person as may be permitted by the Commission, or otherwise in accordance with the 1940 Act, pursuant to which system all securities of any particular class or series of any issuer deposited within the system are treated as fungible and may be transferred or pledged by bookkeeping entry without physical delivery of such securities, provided that all such deposits shall be subject to withdrawal only upon the order of the Trust or its custodians, subcustodians or other agents.
ARTICLE VII
Net Asset Value, Distributions and Redemptions
.
Section 1. Determination of Net Asset Value, Net Income and Distributions . Subject to Article III, Section 6 hereof, the Board of Trustees shall have the power to fix an initial offering price for the Shares of any Series or class thereof which shall yield to such Series or class not less than the net asset value thereof, at which price the Shares of such Series or class shall be offered initially for sale, and to determine from time to time thereafter the offering price which shall yield to such Series or class not less than the net asset value thereof from sales of the Shares of such Series or class; provided , however , that no Shares of a Series or class thereof shall be issued or sold for consideration which shall yield to such Series or class less than the net asset value of the Shares of such Series or class next determined after the receipt of the order (or at such other times set by the Board of Trustees), except in the case of Shares of such Series or class issued in payment of a dividend properly declared and payable.
Subject to Article III, Section 6 hereof, the Board of Trustees, in their absolute discretion, may prescribe and shall set forth in the By-laws or in a duly adopted vote of the Board of Trustees such bases and time for determining the per Share or net asset value of the Shares of any Series or net income attributable to the Shares of any Series, or the declaration and payment of dividends and distributions on the Shares of any Series, as they may deem necessary or desirable.
Section 2. Redemptions at the Option of a Shareholder . Unless otherwise provided in the prospectus of the Trust relating to the Shares, as such prospectus may be amended from time to time (Prospectus):
(a)
The Trust shall purchase such Shares as are offered by any Shareholder for redemption, upon the presentation of a proper instrument of transfer together with a request directed to the Trust or a Person designated by the Trust that the Trust purchase such Shares or in accordance with such other procedures for redemption as the Board of Trustees may from time to time authorize; and the Trust will pay therefor the net asset value thereof, in accordance with the By-Laws and applicable law. Payment for said Shares shall be made by the Trust to the Shareholder within seven days after the date on which the request is received in proper form. The obligation set forth in this Section 2 is subject to the provision that in the event that any time the New York Stock Exchange (the Exchange) is closed for other than weekends or holidays, or if permitted by the Rules of the Commission during periods when trading on the Exchange is restricted or during any National Financial Emergency which makes it impracticable for the Trust to dispose of the investments of the applicable Series or to determine fairly the value of the net assets held with respect to such Series or during any other period permitted by order of the Commission for the protection of investors, such obligations may be suspended or postponed by the Board of Trustees. If certificates have been issued to a Shareholder, any such request by such Shareholder must be accompanied by surrender of any outstanding certificate or certificates for such Shares in form for transfer, together with such proof of the authenticity of signatures as may reasonably be required on such Shares and accompanied by proper stock transfer stamps, if applicable.
(b)
Payments for Shares so redeemed by the Trust shall be made in cash, except payment for such Shares may, at the option of the Board of Trustees, or such officer or officers as it may duly authorize in its complete discretion, be made in kind or partially in cash and partially in kind. In case of any payment in kind, the Board of Trustees, or its delegate, shall have absolute discretion as to what security or securities of the Trust shall be distributed in kind and the amount of the same; and the securities shall be valued for purposes of distribution at the value at which they were appraised in computing the then current net asset value of the Shares, provided that any Shareholder who cannot legally acquire securities so distributed in kind by reason of the prohibitions of the 1940 Act or the provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) shall receive cash. Shareholders shall bear the expenses of in-kind transactions, including, but not limited to, transfer agency fees, custodian fees and costs of disposition of such securities.
(c)
Payment for Shares so redeemed by the Trust shall be made by the Trust as provided above within seven days after the date on which the redemption request is received in good order; provided, however, that if payment shall be made other than exclusively in cash, any securities to be delivered as part of such payment shall be delivered as promptly as any necessary transfers of such securities on the books of the several corporations whose securities are to be delivered practicably can be made, which may not necessarily occur within such seven day period. Moreover, redemptions may be suspended in the event of a National Financial Emergency. In no case shall the Trust be liable for any delay of any corporation or other Person in transferring securities selected for delivery as all or part of any payment in kind.
(d)
The right of Shareholders to receive dividends or other distributions on Shares may be set forth in a Plan adopted by the Board of Trustees and amended from time to time pursuant to Rule 18f-3 of the 1940 Act. The right of any Shareholder of the Trust to receive dividends or other distributions on Shares redeemed and all other rights of such Shareholder with respect to the Shares so redeemed by the Trust, except the right of such Shareholder to receive payment for such Shares, shall cease at the time as of which the purchase price of such Shares shall have been fixed, as provided above.
Section 3. Redemptions at the Option of the Trust . The Board of Trustees may, from time to time, without the vote or consent of the Shareholders, and subject to the 1940 Act, redeem Shares or authorize the closing of any Shareholder account, subject to such conditions as may be established by the Board of Trustees.
ARTICLE VIII
Compensation and Limitation of Liability of
Officers and Trustees
.
Section 1. Compensation . Except as set forth in the last sentence of this Section 1, the Board of Trustees may, from time to time, fix a reasonable amount of compensation to be paid by the Trust to the Trustees and officers of the Trust. Nothing herein shall in any way prevent the employment of any Trustee for advisory, management, legal, accounting, investment banking or other services and payment for the same by the Trust.
Section 2. Indemnification and Limitation of Liability.
(a)
To the fullest extent that limitations on the liability of Trustees and officers are permitted by the DSTA, the officers and Trustees shall not be responsible or liable in any event for any act or omission of: any agent or employee of the Trust; any Investment Adviser or Principal Underwriter of the Trust; or with respect to each Trustee and officer, the act or omission of any other Trustee or officer, respectively. The Trust, out of the Trust Property, shall indemnify and hold harmless each and every officer and Trustee from and against any and all claims and demands whatsoever arising out of or related to such officers or Trustees performance of his or her duties as an officer or Trustee of the Trust. This limitation on liability applies to events occurring at the time a Person serves as a Trustee or officer of the Trust whether or not such Person is a Trustee or officer at the time of any proceeding in which liability is asserted. Nothing herein contained shall indemnify, hold harmless or protect any officer or Trustee from or against any liability to the Trust or any Shareholder to which such Person would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of such Persons office.
(b)
Every note, bond, contract, instrument, certificate or undertaking and every other act or document whatsoever issued, executed or done by or on behalf of the Trust, the officers or the Trustees or any of them in connection with the Trust shall be conclusively deemed to have been issued, executed or done only in such Persons capacity as Trustee and/or as officer, and such Trustee or officer, as applicable, shall not be personally liable therefor, except as described in the last sentence of the first paragraph of this Section 2 of this Article VIII.
Section 3. Officers and Trustees Good Faith Action, Expert Advice, No Bond or Surety . The exercise by the Trustees of their powers and discretions hereunder shall be binding upon everyone interested. An officer or Trustee shall be liable to the Trust and to any Shareholder solely for such officers or Trustees own willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of the office of such officer or Trustee, and for nothing else, and shall not be liable for errors of judgment or mistakes of fact or law. The officers and Trustees may obtain the advice of counsel or other experts with respect to the meaning and operation of this Declaration of Trust and their duties as officers or Trustees. No such officer or Trustee shall be liable for any act or omission in accordance with such advice and no inference concerning liability shall arise from a failure to follow such advice. The officers and Trustees shall not be required to give any bond as such, nor any surety if a bond is required.
Section 4. Insurance . To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the officers and Trustees shall be entitled and have the authority to purchase with Trust Property, insurance for liability and for all expenses reasonably incurred or paid or expected to be paid by a Trustee or officer in connection with any claim, action, suit or proceeding in which such Person becomes involved by virtue of such Persons capacity or former capacity with the Trust, whether or not the Trust would have the power to indemnify such Person against such liability under the provisions of this Article.
Section 1. Liability of Third Persons Dealing with Trustees . No person dealing with the Trustees shall be bound to make any inquiry concerning the validity of any actions made or to be made by the Trustees.
Section 2. Dissolution of Trust or Series . Unless dissolved as provided herein, the Trust shall have perpetual existence. The Trust may be dissolved at any time by vote of a majority of the Shares of the Trust entitled to vote or by the Board of Trustees by written notice to the Shareholders. Any Series may be dissolved at any time by vote of a majority of the Shares of that Series or by the Board of Trustees by written notice to the Shareholders of that Series.
Upon dissolution of the Trust (or a particular Series, as the case may be), the Trustees shall (in accordance with § 3808 of the DSTA) pay or make reasonable provision to pay all claims and obligations of each Series (or the particular Series, as the case may be), including all contingent, conditional or unmatured claims and obligations known to the Trust, and all claims and obligations which are known to the Trust but for which the identity of the claimant is unknown. If there are sufficient assets held with respect to each Series of the Trust (or the particular Series, as the case may be), such claims and obligations shall be paid in full and any such provisions for payment shall be made in full. If there are insufficient assets held with respect to each Series of the Trust (or the particular Series, as the case may be), such claims and obligations shall be paid or provided for according to their priority and, among claims and obligations of equal priority, ratably to the extent of assets available therefor. Any remaining assets (including without limitation, cash, securities or any combination thereof) held with respect to each Series of the Trust (or the particular Series, as the case may be) shall be distributed to the Shareholders of such Series, ratably according to the number of Shares of such Series held by the several Shareholders on the record date for such dissolution distribution.
Section 3. Merger and Consolidation; Conversion .
Merger and Consolidation .
Pursuant to an agreement of merger or consolidation, the Trust, or any one or more Series, may, by act of a majority of the Board of Trustees, merge or consolidate with or into one or more business trusts or other business entities formed or organized or existing under the laws of the State of Delaware or any other state or the United States or any foreign country or other foreign jurisdiction. Any such merger or consolidation shall not require the vote of the Shareholders affected thereby, unless such vote is required by the 1940 Act, or unless such merger or consolidation would result in an amendment of this Declaration of Trust, which would otherwise require the approval of such Shareholders. In accordance with Section 3815(f) of the DSTA, an agreement of merger or consolidation may affect any amendment to this Declaration of Trust or the By-Laws or affect the adoption of a new declaration of trust or by-laws of the Trust if the Trust is the surviving or resulting business trust. Upon completion of the merger or consolidation, the Trustees shall file a certificate of merger or consolidation in accordance with Section 3810 of the DSTA.
Conversion . A majority of the Board of Trustees may, without the vote or consent of the Shareholders, cause (i) the Trust to convert to a common-law trust, a general partnership, limited partnership or a limited liability company organized, formed or created under the laws of the State of Delaware as permitted pursuant to Section 3821 of the DSTA; (ii) the Shares of the Trust or any Series to be converted into beneficial interests in another business trust (or series thereof) created pursuant to this Section 3 of this Article VIII, or (iii) the Shares to be exchanged under or pursuant to any state or federal statute to the extent permitted by law; provided , however, that if required by the 1940 Act, no such statutory conversion, Share conversion or Share exchange shall be effective unless the terms of such transaction shall first have been approved at a meeting called for that purpose by the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities, as such phrase is defined in the 1940 Act, of the Trust or Series, as applicable; provided , further , that in all respects not governed by statute or applicable law, the Board of Trustees shall have the power to prescribe the procedure necessary or appropriate to accomplish a sale of assets, merger or consolidation including the power to create one or more separate business trusts to which all or any part of the assets, liabilities, profits or losses of the Trust may be transferred and to provide for the conversion of Shares of the Trust or any Series into beneficial interests in such separate business trust or trusts (or series thereof).
Section 4. Reorganization . A majority of the Board of Trustees may cause the Trust to sell, convey and transfer all or substantially all of the assets of the Trust, or all or substantially all of the assets associated with any one or more Series, to another trust, business trust, partnership, limited partnership, limited liability company, association or corporation organized under the laws of any state, or to one or more separate series thereof, or to the Trust to be held as assets associated with one or more other Series of the Trust, in exchange for cash, shares or other securities (including, without limitation, in the case of a transfer to another Series of the Trust, Shares of such other Series) with such transfer either (a) being made subject to, or with the assumption by the transferee of, the liabilities associated with each Series the assets of which are so transferred, or (b) not being made subject to, or not with the assumption of, such liabilities; provided, however, that, if required by the 1940 Act, no assets associated with any particular Series shall be so sold, conveyed or transferred unless the terms of such transaction shall first have been approved at a meeting called for that purpose by the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities, as such phrase is defined in the 1940 Act, of that Series. Following such sale, conveyance and transfer, the Board of Trustees shall distribute such cash, shares or other securities (giving due effect to the assets and liabilities associated with and any other differences among the various Series the assets associated with which have so been sold, conveyed and transferred) ratably among the Shareholders of the Series the assets associated with which have been so sold, conveyed and transferred (giving due effect to the differences among the various classes within each such Series); and if all of the assets of the Trust have been so sold, conveyed and transferred, the Trust shall be dissolved.
Section 5. Amendments . Subject to the provisions of the second paragraph of this Section 5 of this Article VIII, this Declaration of Trust may be restated and/or amended at any time by an instrument in writing signed by a majority of the then Board of Trustees and, if required, by approval of such amendment by Shareholders in accordance with Article V, Section 3 hereof. Any such restatement and/or amendment hereto shall be effective immediately upon execution and approval or upon such future date and time as may be stated therein. The Certificate of Trust of the Trust may be restated and/or amended by a similar procedure, and any such restatement and/or amendment shall be effective immediately upon filing with the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware or upon such future date as may be stated therein.
Notwithstanding the above, the Board of Trustees expressly reserves the right to amend or repeal any provisions contained in this Declaration of Trust or the Certificate of Trust, in accordance with the provisions of Section 5 of Article III hereof, and all rights, contractual and otherwise, conferred upon Shareholders are granted subject to such reservation. The Board of Trustees further expressly reserves the right to amend or repeal any provision of the By-Laws pursuant to Article IX of the By-Laws.
Section 6. Filing of Copies, References, Headings . The original or a copy of this Declaration of Trust and of each restatement and/or amendment hereto shall be kept at the principal executive office of the Trust where any Shareholder may inspect it. Anyone dealing with the Trust may rely on a certificate by an officer of the Trust as to whether or not any such restatements and/or amendments have been made and as to any matters in connection with the Trust hereunder; and, with the same effect as if it were the original, may rely on a copy certified by an officer of the Trust to be a copy of this instrument or of any such restatements and/or amendments. In this Declaration of Trust and in any such restatements and/or amendments, references to this instrument, and all expressions of similar effect to herein, hereof and hereunder, shall be deemed to refer to this instrument as amended or affected by any such restatements and/or amendments. Headings are placed herein for convenience of reference only and shall not be taken as a part hereof or control or affect the meaning, construction or effect of this instrument. Whenever the singular number is used herein, the same shall include the plural; and the neuter, masculine and feminine genders shall include each other, as applicable. This instrument may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original.
Section 7. Applicable Law . This Declaration of Trust is created under and is to be governed by and construed and administered according to the laws of the State of Delaware and the applicable provisions of the 1940 Act and the Code. The Trust shall be a Delaware business trust pursuant to the DSTA, and without limiting the provisions hereof, the Trust may exercise all powers which are ordinarily exercised by such a business trust.
Section 8. Provisions in Conflict with Law or Regulations.
(a)
The provisions of this Declaration of Trust are severable, and if the Board of Trustees shall determine, with the advice of counsel, that any of such provisions is in conflict with the 1940 Act, the Code, the DSTA, or with other applicable laws and regulations, the conflicting provision shall be deemed not to have constituted a part of this Declaration of Trust from the time when such provisions became inconsistent with such laws or regulations; provided, however, that such determination shall not affect any of the remaining provisions of this Declaration of Trust or render invalid or improper any action taken or omitted prior to such determination.
(b)
If any provision of this Declaration of Trust shall be held invalid or unenforceable in any jurisdiction, such invalidity or unenforceability shall attach only to such provision in such jurisdiction and shall not in any manner affect such provision in any other jurisdiction or any other provision of this Declaration of Trust in any jurisdiction.
Section 9. Statutory Trust Only . It is the intention of the Trustees to create a statutory trust pursuant to the DSTA, and thereby to create the relationship of trustee and beneficial owners within the meaning of the DSTA between the Trustees and each Shareholder. It is not the intention of the Trustees to create a general or limited partnership, limited liability company, joint stock association, corporation, bailment, or any form of legal relationship other than a business trust pursuant to the DSTA. Nothing in this Declaration of Trust shall be construed to make the Shareholders, either by themselves or with the Trustees, partners or members of a joint stock association.
S ection 10. Fiscal Year . The fiscal year of the Trust shall end on a specified date as set forth in the Bylaws, provided, however, that the Trustees may, without Shareholder approval, change the fiscal year of the Trust.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Trustees named below do hereby make and enter into this Amended Declaration of Trust as of the date first above written.
/s/ Emile R. Molineaux
Emile R. Molineaux
Sole Trustee
CERTIFICATE OF TRUST
OF
Northern Lights Fund Trust II
This Certificate of Trust of Northern Lights Fund Trust II, a statutory trust (the Trust), executed by the undersigned trustee, and filed under and in accordance with the provisions of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act (12 DEL. C.SS.3801 et seq.) (the Act), sets forth the following:
FIRST:
The name of the statutory trust formed hereby is Northern Lights Fund Trust II.
SECOND:
The address of the registered office of the Trust in the State of Delaware is 1209 Orange Street, Wilmington, Delaware 19801. The name of the Trust's registered agent at such address is The Corporation Trust Company.
THIRD:
The Trust formed hereby is or will become an investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (15 U.S.C. ss.ss.80a-1 et seq.).
FOURTH:
Pursuant to Section 3804 of the Act, the debts, liabilities, obligations, costs, charges, reserves and expenses incurred, contracted for or otherwise existing with respect to a particular series, whether such series is now authorized and existing pursuant to the governing instrument of the Trust or is hereafter authorized and existing pursuant to said governing instrument, shall be enforceable against the assets associated with such series only, and not against the assets of the Trust generally or any other series thereof, and, except as otherwise provided in the governing instrument of the Trust, none of the debts, liabilities, obligations, costs, charges, reserves and expenses incurred, contracted for or otherwise existing with respect to the Trust generally or any other series thereof shall be enforceable against the assets of such series.
In witness whereof, the undersigned, being the sole trustee of Northern Lights Fund Trust II, have duly executed this Certificate of Trust as of the 26th day of August, 2010.
/s/Emile R. Molineaux
Emile R. Molineaux, Sole Trustee
BY-LAWS
NORTHERN LIGHTS FUND TRUST II
A Delaware Business Trust
(Effective August 26, 2010)
ARTICLE I.
OFFICES
Section 1.1.
PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICE . The Board of Trustees shall fix and, from time to time, may change the location of the principal executive office of the Trust at any place within or outside the State of Delaware.
Section 1.2.
OTHER OFFICES . The Board of Trustees may at any time establish branch or subordinate offices at any place or places where the Trust intends to do business.
ARTICLE II.
MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS
Section 2.1.
PLACE OF MEETINGS . Meetings of Shareholders shall be held at any place within or outside the State of Delaware designated by the Board of Trustees. In the absence of any such designation, shareholders meetings shall be held at the principal executive office of the Trust.
Section 2.2.
CALL OF MEETING . A meeting of the Shareholders of the Trust or any Series may be called at any time for any purpose by the Board of Trustees, by the Chairman of the Board or by the President. Special meetings of the Shareholders of the Trust or any Series shall be called by the Board of Trustees, Chairman, or President upon the written request of Shareholders owning at least one-third of the outstanding Shares entitled to vote.
Section 2.3.
NOTICE OF SHAREHOLDERS MEETING . All notices of meetings of shareholders shall be sent or otherwise given in accordance with Section 4 of this Article II not less than seven (7) nor more than seventy-five (75) days before the date of the meeting. The notice shall specify (i) the place, date and hour of the meeting, and (ii) the general nature of the business to be transacted. The notice of any meeting at which Trustees are to be elected also shall include the name of any nominee or nominees whom at the time of the notice are intended to be presented for election.
If action is proposed to be taken at any meeting for approval of (i) a contract or transaction in which a Trustee has a direct or indirect financial interest, (ii) an amendment of the Declaration of Trust, (iii) a reorganization of the Trust, or (iv) a voluntary dissolution of the Trust, the notice shall also state the general nature of that proposal.
Section 2.4.
MANNER OF GIVING NOTICE; AFFIDAVIT OF NOTICE . Notice of any meeting of shareholders shall be given either personally or by first-class mail or telegraphic or other written communication, charges prepaid, addressed to the shareholder at the address of that shareholder appearing on the books of the Trust or its transfer agent or given by the shareholder to the Trust for the purpose of notice. If no such address appears on the Trusts books or is given, notice shall be deemed to have been given if sent to that shareholder by first-class mail or telegraphic or other written communication to the Trusts principal executive office, or if published at least once in a newspaper of general circulation in the county where that office is located. Notice shall be deemed to have been given at the time when delivered personally or deposited in the mail or sent by telegram or other means of written communication.
If any notice addressed to a shareholder at the address of that shareholder appearing on the books of the Trust is returned to the Trust by the United States Postal Service marked to indicate that the Postal Service is unable to deliver the notice to the shareholder at that address, all future notices or reports shall be deemed to have been duly given without further mailing if these shall be available to the shareholder on written demand of the shareholder at the principal executive office of the Trust for a period of one year from the date of the giving of the notice.
An affidavit of the mailing or other means of giving any notice of any shareholders meeting shall be executed by the secretary, assistant secretary or any transfer agent of the Trust giving the notice and shall be filed and maintained in the minute book of the Trust.
Section 2.5.
ADJOURNED MEETING; NOTICE . Any shareholders meeting, whether or not a quorum is present, may be adjourned from time to time by the vote of the majority of the shares represented at that meeting, either in person or by proxy.
When any shareholders meeting is adjourned to another time or place, notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting at which the adjournment is taken, unless a new record date of the adjourned meeting is fixed or unless the adjournment is for more than sixty (60) days from the date set for the original meeting, in which case the Board of Trustees shall set a new record date. Notice of any such adjourned meeting shall be given to each shareholder of record entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting in accordance with the provisions of Sections 3 and 4 of this Article II. At any adjourned meeting, the Trust may transact any business which might have been transacted at the original meeting.
Section 2.6.
VOTING . The shareholders entitled to vote at any meeting of shareholders shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of the Declaration of Trust, as in effect at such time. The shareholders vote may be by voice vote or by ballot, provided, however, that any election for trustees must be by ballot if demanded by any shareholder before the voting has begun on any matter other than elections of Trustees, any shareholder may vote part of the shares in favor of the proposal and refrain from voting the remaining shares or vote them against the proposal, but if the shareholder fails to specify the number of shares which the shareholder is voting affirmatively, it will be conclusively presumed that the shareholders approving vote is with respect to the total shares that the shareholder is entitled to vote on such proposal.
Section 2.7.
WAIVER OF NOTICE BY CONSENT OF ABSENT SHAREHOLDERS . The transactions of the meeting of shareholders, however called and noticed and wherever held, shall be as valid as though had at a meeting duly held after regular call and notice if a quorum be present either in person or by proxy and if either before or after the meeting, each person entitled to vote who was not present in person or by proxy signs a written waiver of notice or a consent to a holding of the meeting or an approval of the minutes. The waiver of notice or consent need not specify either the business to be transacted or the purpose of any shareholders meeting.
Attendance by a person at a meeting shall also constitute a waiver of notice of that meeting, except when the person objects at the beginning of the meeting to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened and except that attendance at a meeting is not a waiver of any right to object to the consideration of matters not included in the notice of the meeting if that objection is expressly made at the beginning of the meeting.
Section 2.8.
SHAREHOLDER ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT WITHOUT A MEETING . Any action which may be taken at any meeting of shareholders may be taken without a meeting and without prior notice if a consent in writing setting forth the action so taken is signed by the holders of outstanding shares having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take that action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote on that action were present and voted. All such consents shall be filed with the Secretary of the Trust and shall be maintained in the Trusts records. Any shareholder giving a written consent or the shareholders proxy holders or a transferee of the shares or a personal representative of the shareholder or their respective proxy-holders may revoke the consent by a writing received by the Secretary of the Trust before written consents of the number of shares required to authorize the proposed action have been filed with the Secretary.
If the consents of all shareholders entitled to vote have not been solicited in writing and if the unanimous written consent of all such shareholders shall not have been received, the Secretary shall give prompt notice of the action approved by the shareholders without a meeting. This notice shall be given in the manner specified in Section 4 of this Article II. In the case of approval of (i) contracts or transactions in which a trustee has a direct or indirect financial interest, (ii) indemnification of agents of the Trust, and (iii) a reorganization of the Trust, the notice shall be given at least ten (10) days before the consummation of any action authorized by that approval.
Section 2.9.
RECORD DATE FOR SHAREHOLDER NOTICE; VOTING AND GIVING CONSENTS . For purposes of determining the shareholders entitled to notice of any meeting or to vote or entitled to give consent to action without a meeting, the Board of Trustees may fix in advance a record date which shall not be more than one hundred and eighty (180) days nor less than seven (7) days before the date of any such meeting as provided in the Declaration of Trust.
If the Board of Trustees does not so fix a record date:
(a)
The record date for determining shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of shareholders shall be at the close of business on the business day next preceding the day on which notice is given or if notice is waived, at the close of business on the business day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held.
(b)
The record date for determining shareholders entitled to give consent to action in writing without a meeting, (i)when no prior action by the Board of Trustees has been taken, shall be the day on which the first written consent is given, or (ii) when prior action of the Board of Trustees has been taken, shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Trustees adopt the resolution relating to that action or the seventy-fifth day before the date of such other action, whichever is later.
Section 2.10.
PROXIES . Every person entitled to vote for trustees or on any other matter shall have the right to do so either in person or by one or more agents authorized by a written proxy signed by the person and filed with the Secretary of the Trust. A proxy shall be deemed signed if the shareholders name is placed on the proxy (whether by manual signature, typewriting, telegraphic transmission or otherwise) by the shareholder or the shareholders attorney-in-fact. A validly executed proxy which does not state that it is irrevocable shall continue in full force and effect unless (i) revoked by the person executing it before the vote pursuant to that proxy by a writing delivered to the Trust stating that the proxy is revoked or by a subsequent proxy executed by or attendance at the meeting and voting in person by the person executing that proxy; or (ii) written notice of the death or incapacity of the maker of that proxy is received by the Trust before the vote pursuant to that proxy is counted; provided however, that no proxy shall be valid after the expiration of eleven (11) months from the date of the proxy unless otherwise provided in the proxy. The revocability of a proxy that states on its face that it is irrevocable shall be governed by the provisions of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.
Section 2.11.
INSPECTORS OF ELECTION . Before any meeting of shareholders, the Board of Trustees may appoint any persons other than nominees for office to act as inspectors of election at the meeting or its adjournment. If no inspectors of election are so appointed, the chairman of the meeting may and on the request of any shareholder or a shareholders proxy shall, appoint inspectors of election at the meeting. The number of inspectors shall be either one (1) or three (3). If inspectors are appointed at a meeting on the request of one or more shareholders or proxies, the holders of a majority of shares or their proxies present at the meeting shall determine whether one (1) or three (3) inspectors are to be appointed. If any person appointed as inspector fails to appear or fails or refuses to act, the chairman of the meeting may and on the request of any shareholder or a shareholders proxy, shall appoint a person to fill the vacancy.
These inspectors shall:
(a)
Determine the number of shares outstanding and the voting power of each, the shares represented at the meeting, the existence of a quorum and the authenticity, validity and effect of proxies;
(b)
Receive votes, ballots or consents;
(c)
Hear and determine all challenges and questions in any way arising in connection with the right to vote;
(d)
Count and tabulate all votes or consents;
(e)
Determine when the polls shall close;
(f)
Determine the result; and
(g)
Do any other acts that may be proper to conduct the election or vote with fairness to all shareholders.
ARTICLE III.
TRUSTEES
Section 3.1.
POWERS . Subject to the applicable provisions of the Agreement and Declaration of Trust and these By-Laws relating to action required to be approved by the shareholders or by the outstanding shares, the business and affairs of the Trust shall be managed and all powers shall be exercised by or under the direction of the Board of Trustees.
Section 3.2.
NUMBER AND QUALIFICATION OF TRUSTEES . The exact number of Trustees shall be set as provided in the Agreement and Declaration of Trust.
Section 3.3.
VACANCIES . Vacancies in the Board of Trustees may be filled by a majority of the remaining trustees, though less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining Trustee, unless the Board of Trustees calls a meeting of shareholders for the purposes of electing trustees. In the event that at any time less than a majority of the Trustees holding office at that time were so elected by the holders of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust, the Board of Trustees shall forthwith cause to be held as promptly as possible, and in any event within sixty (60) days, a meeting of such holders for the purpose of electing trustees to fill any existing vacancies in the Board of Trustees, unless such period is extended by order of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
Notwithstanding the above, whenever and for so long as the Trust is a participant in or otherwise has in effect a Plan under which the Trust may be deemed to bear expenses of distributing its shares as that practice is described in Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, then the selection and nomination of the Trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust (as that term is defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940) shall be, and is, committed to the discretion of such disinterested trustees.
Section 3.4.
PLACE OF MEETINGS AND MEETINGS BY TELEPHONE . All meetings of the Board of Trustees may be held at any place within or outside the State of Delaware that has been designated from time to time by resolution of the Board. In the absence of such a designation, regular meetings shall be held at the principal executive office of the Trust. Any meeting, regular or special, may be held by conference telephone or similar communication equipment, so long as all trustees participating in the meeting can hear one another and all such trustees shall be deemed to be present in person at the meeting and provided that provisions of the Investment Company Act of 1940 do not otherwise require an in-person meeting.
Section 3.5.
REGULAR MEETINGS . Regular meetings of the Board of Trustees shall be held without call at such time as shall from time to time be fixed by the Board of Trustees. Such regular meetings may be held without notice.
Section 3.6.
SPECIAL MEETINGS . Special meetings of the Board of Trustees for any purpose or purposes may be called at any time by the Chairman of the Board or the President or any Vice President or the Secretary or any two (2) Trustees.
Notice of the time and place of special meetings shall be delivered personally or by telephone to each Trustee or sent by first-class mail or telegram, charges prepaid, addressed to each trustee at that trustees address as it is shown on the records of the Trust. In case the notice is mailed, it shall be deposited in the United States mail at least seven (7) days before the time of the holding of the meeting. In case the notice is delivered personally, by telephone, to the telegraph company, or by express mail or similar service, it shall be given at least forty-eight (48) hours before the time of the holding of the meeting. Any oral notice given personally or by telephone may be communicated either to the trustee or to a person at the office of the trustee who the person giving the notice has reason to believe will promptly communicate it to the trustee. The notice need not specify the purpose of the meeting or the place if the meeting is to be held at the principal executive office of the Trust.
Section 3.7.
QUORUM . A majority of the authorized number of trustees shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, except to adjourn as provided in Section 10 of this Article III. Every act or decision done or made by a majority of the trustees present at a meeting duly held at which a quorum is present shall be regarded as the act of the Board of Trustees, subject to the provisions of the Declaration of Trust. A meeting at which a quorum is initially present may continue to transact business notwithstanding the withdrawal of trustees if any action taken is approved by a least a majority of the required quorum for that meeting.
Section 3.8.
WAIVER OF NOTICE . Notice of any meeting need not be given to any trustee who either before or after the meeting signs a written waiver of notice, a consent to holding the meeting, or an approval of the minutes. The waiver of notice or consent need not specify the purpose of the meeting. All such waivers, consents, and approvals shall be filed with the records of the Trust or made a part of the minutes of the meeting. Notice of a meeting shall also be deemed given to any trustee who attends the meeting without protesting before or at its commencement the lack of notice to that trustee.
Section 3.9.
ADJOURNMENT . A majority of the Trustees present, whether or not constituting a quorum, may adjourn any meeting to another time and place.
Section 3.10.
NOTICE OF ADJOURNMENT . Notice of the time and place of holding an adjourned meeting need not be given unless the meeting is adjourned for more than forty-eight (48) hours, in which case notice of the time and place shall be given before the time of the adjourned meeting in the manner specified in Section 7 of this Article III to the trustees who were present at the time of the adjournment.
Section 3.11.
ACTION WITHOUT A MEETING . Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Board of Trustees may be taken without a meeting if a majority of the members of the Board of Trustees shall individually or collectively consent in writing to that action. Such action by written consent shall have the same force and effect as a majority vote of the Board of Trustees. Such written consent or consents shall be filed with the minutes of the proceedings of the Board of Trustees.
Section 3.12.
FEES AND COMPENSATION OF TRUSTEES . Trustees and members of committees may receive such compensation, if any, for their services and such reimbursement of expenses as may be fixed or determined by resolution of the Board of Trustees. This Section 12 shall not be construed to preclude any trustee from serving the Trust in any other capacity as an officer, agent, employee, or otherwise and receiving compensation for those services.
Section 3.13.
DELEGATION OF POWER TO OTHER TRUSTEES . Any Trustee may, by power of attorney, delegate his power for a period not exceeding six (6) months at any one time to any other Trustee or Trustees; provided that in no case shall fewer than two (2) Trustees personally exercise the powers granted to the Trustees under this Declaration of Trust except as otherwise expressly provided herein or by resolution of the Board of Trustees.
ARTICLE IV.
COMMITTEES
Section 4.1.
COMMITTEES OF TRUSTEES . The Board of Trustees may by resolution adopted by a majority of the authorized number of trustees designate one or more committees, each consisting of two (2) or more trustees, to serve at the pleasure of the Board. The Board may designate one or more trustees as alternate members of any committee who may replace any absent member at any meeting of the committee. Any committee to the extent provided in the resolution of the Board, shall have the authority of the Board, except with respect to:
(a)
the approval of any action which under applicable law also requires shareholders approval or approval of the outstanding shares, or requires approval by a majority of the entire Board or certain members of said Board;
(b)
the filling of vacancies on the Board of Trustees or in any committee;
(c)
the fixing of compensation of the trustees for serving on the Board of Trustees or on any committee;
(d)
the amendment or repeal of the Agreement and Declaration of Trust or of the By-Laws or the adoption of new By-Laws;
(e)
the amendment or repeal of any resolution of the Board of Trustees which by its express terms is not so amendable or repealable;
(f)
a distribution to the shareholders of the Trust, except at a rate or in a periodic amount or within a designated range determined by the Board of Trustees; or
(g)
the appointment of any other committees of the Board of Trustees or the members of these committees.
Section 4.2.
MEETINGS AND ACTION OF COMMITTEES . Meetings and action of committees shall be governed by and held and taken in accordance with the provisions of Article III of these By-Laws, with such changes in the context thereof as are necessary to substitute the committee and its members for the Board of Trustees and its members, except that the time of regular meetings of committees may be determined either by resolution of the Board of Trustees or by resolution of the committee. Special meetings of committees may also be called by resolution of the Board of Trustees, and notice of special meetings of committees shall also be given to all alternate members who shall have the right to attend all meetings of the committee. The Board of Trustees may adopt rules for the government of any committee not inconsistent with the provisions of these By-Laws.
ARTICLE V.
OFFICERS
Section 5.1.
OFFICERS . The officers of the Trust shall be a President, a Secretary, a Chief Compliance Officer, a Treasurer, a Principal Executive Officer and a Principal Accounting Officer. The Trust may also have, at the discretion of the Board of Trustees, a Chairman of the Board, one or more Vice Presidents, one or more Assistant Secretaries, one or more Assistant Treasurers, and such other officers as may be appointed in accordance with the provisions of Section 3 of this Article V. Any number of offices may be held by the same person.
Section 5.2.
ELECTION OF OFFICERS . The officers of the Trust, except such officers as may appointed in accordance with the provisions of Section 3 or Section 5 of this Article V, shall be chosen by the Board of Trustees, and each shall serve at the pleasure of the Board of Trustees, subject to the rights, if any, of an officer under any contract of employment.
Section 5.3.
SUBORDINATE OFFICERS . The Board of Trustees may appoint and may empower the president to appoint such other officers as the business of the Trust may require, each of whom shall hold office for such period, have such authority and perform such duties as are provided in these By-Laws or as the Board of Trustees may from time to time determine.
Section 5.4.
REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION OF OFFICERS . Subject to the rights, if any, of an officer under any contract of employment, any officer may be removed, either with or without cause, by the Board of Trustees at any regular or special meeting of the Board of Trustees or except in the case of an officer upon whom such power of removal may be conferred by the Board of Trustees.
Any officer may resign at any time by giving written notice to the Trust. Any resignation shall take effect at the date of the receipt of that notice or at any later time specified in that notice; and unless otherwise specified in that notice, the acceptance of the resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. Any resignation is without prejudice to the rights, if any, of the Trust under any contract to which the officer is a party.
Section 5.5.
VACANCIES IN OFFICES . A vacancy in any office because of death, resignation, removal, disqualification or other cause shall be filled in the manner prescribed in these By-Laws for regular appointment to that office.
Section 5.6.
CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD . The Chairman of the Board, if such an officer is elected, shall if present preside at meetings of the Board of Trustees and exercise and perform such other powers and duties as may be from time to time assigned to him by the Board of Trustees or prescribed by the By-Laws.
Section 5.7.
PRESIDENT . Subject to such supervisory powers, if any, as may be given by the Board of Trustees to the Chairman of the Board, if there be such an officer, the President shall be the chief executive officer of the Trust and shall, subject to the control of the Board of Trustees, have general supervision, direction and control of the business and the officers of the Trust. He shall preside at all meetings of the shareholders and in the absence of the chairman of the board or if there be none, at all meetings of the Board of Trustees. He shall have the general powers and duties of management usually vested in the office of president of a corporation and shall have such other powers and duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Trustees or these By-Laws.
Section 5.8.
VICE PRESIDENTS . In the absence or disability of the president, the vice presidents, if any, in order of their rank as fixed by the Board of Trustees or if not ranked, a vice president designated by the Board of Trustees, shall perform all the duties of the president and when so acting shall have all powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the president. The vice presidents shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as from time to time may be prescribed for them respectively by the Board of Trustees or by these By-Laws and the President or the Chairman of the Board.
Section 5.9.
SECRETARY . The secretary shall keep or cause to be kept at the principal executive office of the Trust or such other place as the Board of Trustees may direct a book of minutes of all meetings and actions of trustees, committees of trustees and shareholders with the time and place of holding, whether regular or special, and if special, how authorized, the notice given, the names of those present at trustees meetings or committee meetings, the number of shares present or represented at shareholders meetings, and the proceedings.
The Secretary shall keep or cause to be kept at the principal executive office of the Trust or at the office of the Trusts transfer agent or registrar, as determined by resolution of the Board of Trustees, a share register or a duplicate share register showing the names of all shareholders and their addresses, the number and classes of shares held by each, the number and date of certificates issued for the same and the number and date of cancellation of every certificate surrendered for cancellation.
The Secretary shall give or cause to be given notice of all meetings of the shareholders and of the Board of Trustees required by these By-Laws or by applicable law to be given and shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Trustees or by these By-Laws.
Section 5.10.
TREASURER . The Treasurer shall be the chief financial officer of the Trust and shall keep and maintain or cause to be kept and maintained adequate and correct books and records of accounts of the properties and business transactions of the Trust, including accounts of its assets, liabilities, receipts, disbursements, gains, losses, capital, retained earnings and shares. The books of account shall at all reasonable times be open to inspection by any Trustee.
The Treasurer shall deposit all monies and other valuables in the name and to the credit of the Trust with such depositories as may be designated by the Board of Trustees. He shall disburse the funds of the Trust as may be ordered by the Board of Trustees, shall render to the President and Trustees, whenever they request it, an account of all of his transactions as chief financial officer and of the financial condition of the Trust and shall have other powers and perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Trustees or these By-Laws.
Section 5.11.
PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER . The Principal Executive Officer shall have such authority and shall perform such duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Trustees, and consistent with, applicable laws and regulations.
Section 5.12.
PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING OFFICER . The Principal Accounting Officer shall have such authority and shall perform such duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Trustees, and consistent with, applicable laws and regulations.
Section 5.13. CHIEF COMPLIANCE OFFICER. The Chief Compliance Officer of the Trust will be responsible for administering its compliance policies and procedures, shall have sufficient authority and independence within the organization to compel others to adhere to the compliance policies and procedures, shall report directly to the Board of Trustees, shall annually furnish a written report on the operation of the compliance policies and procedures to the Board of Trustees and shall perform such other duties as prescribed by the Board of Trustees.
ARTICLE VI.
INDEMNIFICATION OF TRUSTEES, OFFICERS,
EMPLOYEES AND OTHER AGENTS
Section 6.1.
AGENTS, PROCEEDINGS AND EXPENSES . For the purpose of this Article, agent means any person who is or was a trustee, officer, employee or other agent of this Trust or is or was serving at the request of this Trust as a trustee, director, officer, employee or agent of another foreign or domestic corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise or was a trustee, director, officer, employee or agent of a foreign or domestic corporation which was a predecessor of another enterprise at the request of such predecessor entity; proceeding means any threatened, pending or completed action or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative; and expenses includes without limitation attorneys fees and any expenses of establishing a right to indemnification under this Article.
Section 6.2.
ACTIONS OTHER THAN BY TRUST . This Trust shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any proceeding (other than an action by or in the right of this Trust) by reason of the fact that such person is or was an agent of this Trust, against expenses, judgments, fines, settlements and other amounts actually and reasonably incurred in connection with such proceeding if that person acted in good faith and in a manner that person reasonably believed to be in the best interests of this Trust and in the case of a criminal proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe the conduct of that person was unlawful. The termination of any proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction or upon a plea of nolo contenders or its equivalent shall not of itself create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a manner which the person reasonably believed to be in the best interests of this Trust or that the person had reasonable cause to believe that the persons conduct was unlawful.
Section 6.3.
ACTIONS OTHER THAN BY TRUST . This Trust shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action by or in the right of this Trust to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that the person is or was an agent of this Trust, against expenses actually and reasonably incurred by that person in connection with the defense or settlement of that action if that person acted in good faith, in a manner that person believed to be in the best interests of this Trust and with such care, including reasonable inquiry, as an ordinarily prudent person in a like position would use under similar circumstances.
Section 6.4.
EXCLUSION OF INDEMNIFICATION . Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained herein, there shall be no right to indemnification for any liability arising by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or the reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of the agents office with this Trust.
No indemnification shall be made under Sections 2 or 3 of this Article:
(a)
In respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which that person shall have been adjudged to be liable in the performance of that persons duty to this Trust, unless and only to the extent that the court in which that action was brought shall determine upon application that in view of all the circumstances of the case, that person was not liable by reason of the disabling conduct set forth in the preceding paragraph and is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for the expenses which the court shall determine; or
(b)
In respect of any claim, issue, or matter as to which that person shall have been adjudged to be liable on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received by him, whether or not the benefit resulted from an action taken in the persons official capacity; or
(c)
Of amounts paid in settling or otherwise disposing of a threatened or pending action, with or without court approval, or of expenses incurred in defending a threatened or pending action which is settled or otherwise disposed of without court approval, unless the required approval set forth in Section 6 of this Article is obtained.
Section 6.5.
SUCCESSFUL DEFENSE BY AGENT . To the extent that an agent of this Trust has been successful on the merits in defense of any proceeding referred to in Sections 2 or 3 of this Article or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, before the court or other body before whom the proceeding was brought, the agent shall be indemnified against expenses actually and reasonably incurred by the agent in connection therewith, provided that the Board of Trustees, including a majority who are disinterested, non-party Trustees, also determines that based upon a review of the facts, the agent was not liable by reason of the disabling conduct referred to in Section 4 of this Article.
Section 6.6.
REQUIRED APPROVAL . Except as provided in Section 5 of this Article, any indemnification under this Article shall be made by this Trust only if authorized in the specific case on a determination that indemnification of the agent is proper in the circumstances because the agent has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Sections 2 or 3 of this Article and is not prohibited from indemnification because of the disabling conduct set forth in Section 4 of this Article, by:
(a)
A majority vote of a quorum consisting of trustees who are not parties to the proceeding and are not interested persons of the Trust (as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940); or
(b)
A written opinion by an independent legal counsel.
Section 6.7.
ADVANCE OF EXPENSES . Expenses incurred in defending any proceeding may be advanced by this Trust before the final disposition of the proceeding on receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the agent to repay the amount of the advance unless it shall be determined ultimately that the agent is entitled to be indemnified as authorized in this Article, provided the agent provides a security for his undertaking, or a majority of a quorum of the disinterested, non-party trustees, or an independent legal counsel in a written opinion, determine that based on a review of readily available facts, there is reason to believe that said agent ultimately will be found entitled to indemnification.
Section 6.8.
OTHER CONTRACTUAL RIGHTS . Nothing contained in this Article shall affect any right to indemnification to which persons other than trustees and officers of this Trust or any subsidiary hereof may be entitled by contract or otherwise.
Section 6.9.
LIMITATIONS . No indemnification or advance shall be made under this Article, except as provided in Sections 5 or 6 in any circumstances where it appears:
(a)
That it would be inconsistent with a provision of the Agreement and Declaration of Trust, a resolution of the shareholders, or an agreement in effect at the time of accrual of the alleged cause of action asserted in the proceeding in which the expenses were incurred or other amounts were paid which prohibits or otherwise limits indemnification; or
(b)
That it would be inconsistent with any condition expressly imposed by a court in approving a settlement.
Section 6.10.
INSURANCE. Upon and in the event of a determination by the Board of Trustees of this Trust to purchase such insurance, this Trust shall purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any agent of this Trust against any liability asserted against or incurred by the agent in such capacity or arising out of the agents status as such, but only to the extent that this Trust would have the power to indemnify the agent against that liability under the provisions of this Article.
Section 6.11.
FIDUCIARIES OF EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN. This Article does not apply to any proceeding against any trustee, investment manager or other fiduciary of an employee benefit plan in that person s capacity as such, even though that person may also be an agent of this Trust as defined in Section 1 of this Article. Nothing contained in this Article shall limit any right to indemnification to which such a trustee, investment manager, or other fiduciary may be entitled by contract or otherwise which shall be enforceable to the extent permitted by applicable law other than this Article.
ARTICLE VII.
RECORDS AND REPORTS
Section 7.1.
MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION OF SHARE REGISTER . This Trust shall keep at its principal executive office or at the office of its transfer agent or registrar, if either be appointed and as determined by resolution of the Board of Trustees, a record of its shareholders, giving the names and addresses of all shareholders and the number and series of shares held by each shareholder.
Section 7.2.
MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION OF BY-LAWS . The Trust shall keep at its principal executive office the original or a copy of these By-Laws as amended to date, which shall be open to inspection by the shareholders at all reasonable times during office hours.
Section 7.3.
MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION OF OTHER RECORDS . The accounting books and records and minutes of proceedings of the shareholders and the Board of Trustees and any committee or committees of the Board of Trustees shall be kept at such place or places designated by the Board of Trustees or in the absence of such designation, at the principal executive office of the Trust. The minutes shall be kept in written form and the accounting books and records shall be kept either in written form or in any other form capable of being converted into written form. The minutes and accounting books and records shall be open to inspection upon the written demand of any shareholder or holder of a voting trust certificate at any reasonable time during usual business hours for a purpose reasonably related to the holders interests as a shareholder or as the holder of a voting trust certificate. The inspection may be made in person or by an agent or attorney and shall include the right to copy and make extracts.
Section 7.4.
INSPECTION BY TRUSTEES . Every trustee shall have the absolute right at any reasonable time to inspect all books, records, and documents of every kind and the physical properties of the Trust. This inspection by a trustee may be made in person or by an agent or attorney and the right of inspection includes the right to copy and make extracts of documents.
Section 7.5.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS . A copy of any financial statements and any income statement of the Trust for each quarterly period of each fiscal year and accompanying balance sheet of the Trust as of the end of each such period that has been prepared by the Trust shall be kept on file in the principal executive office of the Trust for at least twelve (12) months and each such statement shall be exhibited at all reasonable times to any shareholder demanding an examination of any such statement or a copy shall be mailed to any such shareholder.
The quarterly income statements and balance sheets referred to in this section shall be accompanied by the report, if any, of any independent accountants engaged by the Trust or the certificate of an authorized officer of the Trust that the financial statements were prepared without audit from the books and records of the Trust.
ARTICLE VIII.
GENERAL MATTERS
Section 8.1.
CHECKS, DRAFTS, EVIDENCE OF INDEBTEDNESS . All checks, drafts, or other orders for payment of money, notes or other evidences of indebtedness issued in the name of or payable to the Trust shall be signed or endorsed by such person or persons and in such manner as from time to time shall be determined by resolution of the Board of Trustees.
Section 8.2.
CONTRACTS AND INSTRUMENTS; HOW EXECUTED . The Board of Trustees, except as otherwise provided in these By-Laws, may authorize any officer or officers, agent or agents, to enter into any contract or execute any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the Trust and this authority may be general or confined to specific instances; and unless so authorized or ratified by the Board of Trustees or within the agency power of an officer, no officer, agent, or employee shall have any power or authority to bind the Trust by any contract or engagement or to pledge its credit or to render it liable for any purpose or for any amount.
Section 8.3.
CERTIFICATES FOR SHARES . A certificate or certificates for shares of beneficial interest in any series of the Trust may be issued to a shareholder upon his request when such shares are fully paid. The Trust may impose a nominal change for issuing certificates to cover expenses related thereto. All certificates shall be signed in the name of the Trust by the chairman of the board or the president or vice president and by the treasurer or an assistant treasurer or the secretary or any assistant secretary, certifying the number of shares and the series of shares owned by the shareholders. Any or all of the signatures on the certificate may be facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent, or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed on a certificate shall have ceased to be that officer, transfer agent, or registrar before that certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Trust with the same effect as if that person were an officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Trust may adopt and use a system of issuance, recordation and transfer of its shares by electronic or other means; and in fact, as a matter of policy, does not presently issue certified shares.
Section 8.4.
LOST CERTIFICATES . Except as provided in this Section 4, no new certificates for shares shall be issued to replace an old certificate unless the latter is surrendered to the Trust and cancelled at the same time. The Board of Trustees may in case any share certificate or certificate for any other security is lost, stolen, or destroyed, authorize the issuance of a replacement certificate on such terms and conditions as the Board of Trustees may require, including a provision for indemnification of the Trust secured by a bond or other adequate security sufficient to protect the Trust against any claim that may be made against it, including any expense or liability on account of the alleged loss, theft, or destruction of the certificate or the issuance of the replacement certificate.
Section 8.5.
REPRESENTATION OF SHARES OF OTHER ENTITIES HELD BY TRUST . The chairman of the Board, the president or any vice president or any other person authorized by resolution of the Board of Trustees or by any of the foregoing designated officers, is authorized to vote or represent on behalf of the Trust any and all shares of any corporation, partnership, trusts, or other entities, foreign or domestic, standing in the name of the Trust. The authority granted may be exercised in person or by a proxy duly executed by such designated person.
Section 8.6.
FISCAL YEAR . The fiscal year of the Trust shall be fixed and refixed or changed from time to time by resolution of the Trustees. The fiscal year of the Trust shall be the taxable year of each Series of the Trust.
ARTICLE IX.
AMENDMENTS
Section 9.1.
AMENDMENT BY SHAREHOLDERS . These By-Laws may be amended or repealed by the affirmative vote or written consent of two-thirds of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, except as otherwise provided by applicable law or by the Declaration of Trust or these By-Laws.
Section 9.2.
AMENDMENT BY TRUSTEES
. Subject to the right of shareholders as provided in Section 1 of this Article to adopt, amend or repeal By-Laws, and except as otherwise provided by law or by the Declaration of Trust, these By-Laws may be adopted, amended, or repealed by the Board of Trustees.
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS:
WHEREAS, NORTHERN LIGHTS FUND TRUST II, a statutory trust organized under the laws of the State of Delaware (hereinafter referred to as the Trust), periodically files amendments to its Registration Statement (File Nos. 333-173560 and 811-22549) with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended;
WHEREAS, the undersigned is a Trustee of the Trust;
NOW, THEREFORE, the undersigned hereby constitutes and appoints ANDREW ROGERS, KEVIN WOLF AND JAMES ASH , as attorneys for him and in his name, place and stead, and in his office and capacity in the Trust, to execute and file any Amendment or Amendments to the Trust's Registration Statement hereby giving and granting to said attorneys full power and authority to do and perform all and every act and thing whatsoever requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do if personally present at the doing thereof, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys may or shall lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Trust has caused its name to be subscribed hereto by the Trustee this 18th day of May, 2011
NORTHERN LIGHTS FUND TRUST II
By: /s/ Brian Nielsen
Brian Nielsen
Trustee
STATE OF ARIZONA
)
)
ss:
COUNTY OF MARICOPA
)
Before me, a Notary Public, in and for said county and state, personally appeared Brian Nielsen, Trustee, who represented that he is duly authorized in the premises, and who is known to me to be the person described in and who executed the foregoing instrument, and he duly acknowledged to me that he executed and delivered the same for the purposes therein expressed.
WITNESS my hand and official seal this 18th day of May, 2011.
/s/ Sally I. Stewart
Notary Public
My commission expires
April 2, 2013
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POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS:
WHEREAS, NORTHERN LIGHTS FUND TRUST II, a statutory trust organized under the laws of the State of Delaware (hereinafter referred to as the Trust), periodically files amendments to its Registration Statement (File Nos. 333-173560 and 811-22549) with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended;
WHEREAS, the undersigned is a Trustee of the Trust;
NOW, THEREFORE, the undersigned hereby constitutes and appoints ANDREW ROGERS, KEVIN WOLF AND JAMES ASH , as attorneys for him and in his name, place and stead, and in his office and capacity in the Trust, to execute and file any Amendment or Amendments to the Trust's Registration Statement hereby giving and granting to said attorneys full power and authority to do and perform all and every act and thing whatsoever requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do if personally present at the doing thereof, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys may or shall lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Trust has caused its name to be subscribed hereto by the Trustee this 24th day of May, 2011.
NORTHERN LIGHTS FUND TRUST II
By: /s Charles Dry
Charles Dry
Trustee
STATE OF OKLAHOMA
)
)
ss:
COUNTY OF OKLAHOMA
)
Before me, a Notary Public, in and for said county and state, personally appeared Charles Dry, Trustee, who represented that he is duly authorized in the premises, and who is known to me to be the person described in and who executed the foregoing instrument, and he duly acknowledged to me that he executed and delivered the same for the purposes therein expressed.
WITNESS my hand and official seal this 24th day of May, 2011.
/s/ Carri Allenbach
Notary Public
My commission expires: January 15, 2012
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POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS:
WHEREAS, NORTHERN LIGHTS FUND TRUST II, a statutory trust organized under the laws of the State of Delaware (hereinafter referred to as the Trust), periodically files amendments to its Registration Statement (File Nos. 333-173560 and 811-22549) with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended;
WHEREAS, the undersigned is a Trustee of the Trust;
NOW, THEREFORE, the undersigned hereby constitutes and appoints ANDREW ROGERS, KEVIN WOLF AND JAMES ASH , as attorneys for him and in his name, place and stead, and in his office and capacity in the Trust, to execute and file any Amendment or Amendments to the Trust's Registration Statement hereby giving and granting to said attorneys full power and authority to do and perform all and every act and thing whatsoever requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do if personally present at the doing thereof, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys may or shall lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Trust has caused its name to be subscribed hereto by the Trustee this 26th day of May, 2011.
NORTHERN LIGHTS FUND TRUST II
By: /s/ Anthony Lewis
Anthony Lewis
Trustee
STATE OF KANSAS
)
)
ss:
COUNTY OF JOHNSON
)
Before me, a Notary Public, in and for said county and state, personally appeared Anthony Lewis, Trustee, who represented that he is duly authorized in the premises, and who is known to me to be the person described in and who executed the foregoing instrument, and he duly acknowledged to me that he executed and delivered the same for the purposes therein expressed.
WITNESS my hand and official seal this 26th day of May, 2011.
/s/ Jill Elaine Maloney
Notary Public
My commission expires March 30, 2013
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POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS:
WHEREAS, NORTHERN LIGHTS FUND TRUST II, a statutory trust organized under the laws of the State of Delaware (hereinafter referred to as the Trust), periodically files amendments to its Registration Statement (File Nos. 333-173560 and 811-22549) with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended;
WHEREAS, the undersigned is the Treasurer and Principal Financial Officer of the Trust;
NOW, THEREFORE, the undersigned hereby constitutes and appoints ANDREW ROGERS AND JAMES ASH , as attorneys for him and in his name, place and stead, and in his office and capacity in the Trust, to execute and file any Amendment or Amendments to the Trust's Registration Statement hereby giving and granting to said attorneys full power and authority to do and perform all and every act and thing whatsoever requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do if personally present at the doing thereof, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys may or shall lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Trust has caused its name to be subscribed hereto by the Treasurer this 7th day of June, 2011.
NORTHERN LIGHTS FUND TRUST II
By: /s/ Kevin Wolf
Kevin Wolf
Treasurer and Principal Financial Officer
STATE OF NEW YORK
)
)
ss:
COUNTY OF SUFFOLK
)
Before me, a Notary Public, in and for said county and state, personally appeared Kevin Wolf, Treasurer and Principal Financial Officer, who represented that he is duly authorized in the premises, and who is known to me to be the person described in and who executed the foregoing instrument, and he duly acknowledged to me that he executed and delivered the same for the purposes therein expressed.
WITNESS my hand and official seal this 7th day of June, 2011.
/s/ Stephanie Hardie
Notary Public
My commission expires October 29, 2011
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS:
WHEREAS, NORTHERN LIGHTS FUND TRUST II, a statutory trust organized under the laws of the State of Delaware (hereinafter referred to as the Trust), periodically files amendments to its Registration Statement (File Nos. 333-173560 and 811-22549) with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended;
WHEREAS, the undersigned is the President and Principal Executive Officer of the Trust;
NOW, THEREFORE, the undersigned hereby constitutes and appoints KEVIN WOLF AND JAMES ASH , as attorneys for him and in his name, place and stead, and in his office and capacity in the Trust, to execute and file any Amendment or Amendments to the Trust's Registration Statement hereby giving and granting to said attorneys full power and authority to do and perform all and every act and thing whatsoever requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do if personally present at the doing thereof, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys may or shall lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Trust has caused its name to be subscribed hereto by the President this 7 th day of June, 2011.
NORTHERN LIGHTS FUND TRUST II
By: /s/ Andrew Rogers
Andrew Rogers
President and Principal Executive Officer
STATE OF NEW YORK
)
)
ss:
COUNTY OF SUFFOLK
)
Before me, a Notary Public, in and for said county and state, personally appeared Andrew Rogers, President and Principal Executive Officer, who represented that he is duly authorized in the premises, and who is known to me to be the person described in and who executed the foregoing instrument, and he duly acknowledged to me that he executed and delivered the same for the purposes therein expressed.
WITNESS my hand and official seal this 7 th day of June, 2011.
/s/ Stephanie Hardie
Notary Public
My commission expires October 29, 2011
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS:
WHEREAS, NORTHERN LIGHTS FUND TRUST II, a statutory trust organized under the laws of the State of Delaware (hereinafter referred to as the Trust), periodically files amendments to its Registration Statement (File Nos. 333-173560 and 811-22549) with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended;
WHEREAS, the undersigned is a Trustee of the Trust;
NOW, THEREFORE, the undersigned hereby constitutes and appoints ANDREW ROGERS, KEVIN WOLF AND JAMES ASH , as attorneys for him and in his name, place and stead, and in his office and capacity in the Trust, to execute and file any Amendment or Amendments to the Trust's Registration Statement hereby giving and granting to said attorneys full power and authority to do and perform all and every act and thing whatsoever requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do if personally present at the doing thereof, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys may or shall lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Trust has caused its name to be subscribed hereto by the Trustee this 18th day of May, 2011
NORTHERN LIGHTS FUND TRUST II
By : /s/ Keith Rhoades
Keith Rhoades
Trustee
STATE OF ARIZONA
)
)
ss:
COUNTY OF MARICOPA
)
Before me, a Notary Public, in and for said county and state, personally appeared Keith Rhoades, Trustee, who represented that he is duly authorized in the premises, and who is known to me to be the person described in and who executed the foregoing instrument, and he duly acknowledged to me that he executed and delivered the same for the purposes therein expressed.
WITNESS my hand and official seal this 18th day of May, 2011.
/s/ Sally I. Stewart
Notary Public
My commission expires
April 2, 2013
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS:
WHEREAS, NORTHERN LIGHTS FUND TRUST II, a statutory trust organized under the laws of the State of Delaware (hereinafter referred to as the Trust), periodically files amendments to its Registration Statement (File Nos. 333-173560 and 811-22549) with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended;
WHEREAS, the undersigned is a Trustee of the Trust;
NOW, THEREFORE, the undersigned hereby constitutes and appoints ANDREW ROGERS, KEVIN WOLF AND JAMES ASH , as attorneys for him and in his name, place and stead, and in his office and capacity in the Trust, to execute and file any Amendment or Amendments to the Trust's Registration Statement hereby giving and granting to said attorneys full power and authority to do and perform all and every act and thing whatsoever requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do if personally present at the doing thereof, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys may or shall lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Trust has caused its name to be subscribed hereto by the President this 18th day of May, 2011
NORTHERN LIGHTS FUND TRUST II
By: /s/ Randy Skalla
Randy Skalla
Trustee
STATE OF ARIZONA
)
)
ss:
COUNTY OF MARICOPA
)
Before me, a Notary Public, in and for said county and state, personally appeared Randy Skalla, Trustee, who represented that he is duly authorized in the premises, and who is known to me to be the person described in and who executed the foregoing instrument, and he duly acknowledged to me that he executed and delivered the same for the purposes therein expressed.
WITNESS my hand and official seal this 18th day of May, 2011.
/s/ Sally I. Stewart
Notary Public
My commission expires
April 2, 2013
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