Securities Act Registration No. 333-178833
Investment Company Act Registration No. 811-22655
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 27, 2012
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D. C. 20549
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 ý
¨ Pre-Effective Amendment No.
ý Post-Effective Amendment No. 9
and/or
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940 ý
ý Amendment No. 10
(Check appropriate box or boxes.)
Northern Lights Fund Trust III
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
4020 South 147th Street, Omaha, NE 68137
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)(Zip Code)
Registrants Telephone Number, including Area Code: (402) 895-1600
The Corporation Trust Company
1209 Orange Street
Wilmington, DE 19801
(Name and Address of Agent for Service)
With copy to:
JoAnn M. Strasser, Thompson Hine LLP 41 South High Street, 17th Floor Columbus, Ohio 43215 614-469-3265 (phone) 614-469-3361 (fax) |
James P. Ash, Gemini Fund Services, LLC 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, New York 11788 (631) 470-2600 |
Approximate date of proposed public offering: As soon as practicable after the effective date of the Registration Statement.
It is proposed that this filing will become effective:
¨ Immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b)
¨ On (date) pursuant to paragraph (b)
¨ 60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)
¨ On (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)
X 75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)
¨ On (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of Rule 485.
If appropriate, check the following box:
¨ This post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment.
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION [_____], 2012
Footprints Discover Value Fund
Class |
A |
Shares |
[ticker] |
Class |
C |
Shares |
[ticker] |
Class |
I |
Shares |
[ticker] |
Class |
N |
Shares |
[ticker] |
PROSPECTUS [___], 2012
Advised by: |
|
www.[______].com 1-[___]-[___]-[____]
This Prospectus provides important information about the Fund that you should know before investing. Please read it carefully and keep it for future reference.
The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.
These securities have not been approved or disapproved by the Securities and Exchange Commission nor has the Securities and Exchange Commission passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
FUND SUMMARY
Investment Objective: Total return from capital appreciation and income.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund: This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for sales charge discounts on purchases of Class A shares if you and your family invest, or agree to invest in the future, at least $[25,000] in the Fund. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial professional and in How to Purchase Shares on page [_] of the Fund's Prospectus.
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
|
|
|
|
Management Fees |
1.50% |
1.50% |
1.50% |
1.50% |
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.25% |
1.00% |
None |
0.25% |
Other Expenses (1) |
0.80% |
0.80% |
0.80% |
0.80% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
2.55% |
3.30% |
2.30% |
2.55% |
Fee Waiver (1) |
(0.60)% |
(0.60)% |
(0.60)% |
(0.60)% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver |
1.95% |
2.70% |
1.70% |
1.95% |
(1)
Based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year.
(2)
The Fund's adviser has contractually agreed to waive its fees and reimburse expenses of the Fund, at least until [_____], 2013 to ensure that Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver and Reimbursement (exclusive of any taxes, interest, brokerage commissions, dividend expense on securities sold short, acquired fund fees and expenses, or extraordinary expenses such as litigation or reorganization costs) will not exceed 1.95%, 2.70%, 1.70% and 1.95% of average daily net assets attributable to Class A, Class C, Class I and Class N shares, respectively. These fee waivers and expense reimbursements are subject to possible recoupment from the Fund in future years on a rolling three-year basis (within the three years after the fees have been waived or reimbursed) if such recoupment can be achieved within the foregoing expense limits. These agreements may be terminated only by the Fund's Board of Trustees, on 60 days written notice to the Fund's adviser.
Example: This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds.
The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund's operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based upon these assumptions your costs would be:
Class |
1 Year |
3 Years |
A |
$[__] |
$[__] |
C |
$[__] |
$[__] |
I |
$[__] |
$[__] |
N |
$[__] |
$[__] |
Portfolio Turnover : The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or "turns over" its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the Example, affect the Fund's performance.
Principal Investment Strategies: The Fund's adviser seeks to achieve the Fund's investment objective by investing primarily in common stock and fixed income securities of domestic issuers using the advisers "Absolute Value" strategy. This strategy relies upon both fundamental and technical analysis to select securities the adviser believes are undervalued and mispriced by the markets.
The adviser uses qualitative and quantitative elements of fundamental analysis to identify securities currently discounted by the market such as those selling below the replacement cost of assets they represent. To determine if a company, in total, is being undervalued, the adviser's research team derives an estimate of the company's Absolute Value from key components, including management's competency, experience, culture, and ownership as well as earnings potential, free cash flow, current debt load, asset replacement cost and sector fundamentals. Once fundamentally-screened discounted securities are identified, the adviser assesses the risk and rewards of securities of the company at various levels of the capital structure (secured debt, debentures, preferred stock, common stock). However, preferred stock is not expected to be a principal part of the Fund's investment portfolio. After identifying the appropriate investment vehicle within the capital structure, the adviser uses technical analysis, such as a trend-following or a momentum-based price forecast, to identify what it believes is the optimal purchase price.
The Fund invests without restriction as to issuer capitalization, or the credit quality rating and maturity of fixed income securities. The adviser invests primarily in lower quality rated corporate debt commonly known as "junk bonds" and mortgage-backed securities ("MBS"), including collateralized mortgage obligations ("CMOs"). Junk bonds are generally rated lower than Baa3 by Moody's Investors Service ("Moody's") or lower than BBB- by Standard and Poor's Rating Group ("S&P"). The adviser selects CMOs and MBS using the Absolute Value strategy, but with a focus on loan quality, expected losses and structural protections, such as payment priority in the CMO or MBS structure. The Fund may also employ leverage through bank borrowing of up to 10% of the Fund's assets (defined as net assets plus borrowing for investment purposes), when the adviser believes asset returns will exceed borrowing costs.
The adviser seeks capital appreciation from common and preferred stocks and fixed income securities as well as income from dividends or interest to generate total return. The adviser sells a security once a price target is reached, when more attractive investments are available or to optimally re-allocate Fund assets consistent with the adviser's Absolute Value strategy.
Principal Investment Risks: As with all mutual funds, there is the risk that you could lose money through your investment in the Fund. The Fund is not intended to be a complete investment program. Many factors affect the Fund's net asset value and performance.
·
Fixed Income Risk: The credit quality rating of securities may be lowered if an issuer's financial condition deteriorates and issuers may default on their interest and or principal payments. Typically, a rise in interest rates causes a decline in the value of fixed income securities.
·
Junk Bond Risk: Lower-quality fixed income securities, known as "high yield" or "junk" bonds, present greater risk than bonds of higher quality, including an increased risk of default. These securities are considered speculative. Defaulted securities or those subject to reorganization proceeding may become worthless and are illiquid.
·
Leveraging Risk: The use of leverage through borrowing money to purchase additional securities will magnify the Fund's gains or losses. The Fund will incur interest expenses on borrowed money.
·
Limited History of Operations: The Fund is a new mutual fund and has a limited history of operation and the adviser has not previously managed a mutual fund.
·
Management Risk: The adviser's reliance on its value strategy and judgments about the attractiveness, value and potential appreciation of particular securities may prove to be incorrect and may not produce the desired results.
·
Market Risk: Overall equity and fixed income securities market risks affect the value of the Fund. Factors such as domestic economic growth and market conditions, interest rate levels, and political events affect the US and international securities markets.
·
MBS and CMO Risk: MBS and CMOs are subject to credit risk because underlying loan borrowers may default. Additionally, these securities are subject to prepayment risk because the underlying loans held by the issuers may be paid off prior to maturity at faster or slower rates than expected.
·
Small and Medium Capitalization Stock Risk: The price of small or medium capitalization company stocks may be subject to more abrupt or erratic market movements than larger, more established companies or the market averages in general.
Performance: Because the Fund has less than a full calendar year of investment operations, no performance information is presented for the Fund at this time. In the future, performance information will be presented in this section of the Prospectus. Also, shareholder reports containing financial and performance information will be mailed to shareholders semi-annually. Updated performance information will be available at no cost by visiting www.[___].com or by calling 1-[___]-[___]-[____].
Investment Adviser: Footprints Asset Management & Research, Inc. is the Fund's investment adviser.
Investment Adviser Portfolio Manager: Stephen Lococo, Chartered Market Technician "CMT ® ", President of the adviser, has served the Fund as its Portfolio Manager since it commenced operations in 2012.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares: The investment minimums for the Fund are:
The Fund reserves the right to waive any minimum. You may purchase and redeem shares of the Fund on any day that the New York Stock Exchange is open. Redemption requests may be made in writing, by telephone, or through a financial intermediary and will be paid by ACH, check or wire transfer.
Tax Information: Dividends and capital gain distributions you receive from the Fund, whether you reinvest your distributions in additional Fund shares or receive them in cash, are taxable to you at either ordinary income or capital gains tax rates unless you are investing through a tax-deferred plan such as an IRA or 401(k) plan. However, these dividend and capital gain distributions may be taxable upon their eventual withdrawal from tax-deferred plans.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries: If you purchase the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary's website for more information.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RELATED RISKS
Investment Objective:
The Fund's investment objective is total return from capital appreciation and income. The Fund's investment objective may be changed by the Fund's Board of Trustees upon 60 days written notice to shareholders.
Principal Investment Strategies:
The Fund's adviser seeks to achieve the Fund's investment objective by investing primarily in common stock and fixed income securities of domestic issuers using the adviser's "Absolute Value" strategy. This strategy relies upon both fundamental and technical analysis to select securities the adviser believes are undervalued and mispriced by the markets.
Investment Philosophy
The adviser believes that a multitude of factors work together to influence the marketplace. These elements converge to form the current market price for a given investment. This price formation is often times inaccurate and not reflective of an investment's true value. The adviser seeks to arrive at a potential investment's worth independently through discovering its Absolute Value. In the adviser's opinion undervalued investments will, over time, be appreciated in the marketplace. The attractiveness of an investment is derived by the difference between its current market price and its Absolute Value. The adviser calls this price spread an investment's "Margin of Safety." Generally, the adviser seeks securities considered undervalued and mispriced by the markets. The adviser enters (buys) security positions with an attractive Margin of Safety and an expectation of price appreciation over an equity market cycle of several years.
Investment Process
The adviser's investment process incorporates the entire lifecycle of an investment. The process is represented in the diagram below, and explained in detail by each element of the process.
Investment Lifecycle
Source Ideas
The adviser continuously sources ideas from a variety of internal and external resources. The adviser uses numerous broker dealers, subscription services, and in-house analysis to assist in facilitating idea generation for possible investment opportunities.
Research Process
The adviser's research process starts by identifying securities selling at or below their book value. The adviser then gathers vast amounts of data about each potential investment and assesses, through in-depth analysis, its Absolute Value. The adviser then determines if enough spread exists between an investment's Absolute Value and its current market price. A security with ample spread, or Margin of Safety, will then be scrutinized for its management's qualitative attributes (competence, experience, ownership, and culture). The adviser then selects the appropriate level of the capital structure to invest. Through the use of technical analysis, the adviser identifies an optimal price range to acquire the security. Once all of these conditions are met, the security is placed on the buy list. This process can be seen by the diagram to the right.
Acquire Process
The acquisition of securities into the Fund is heavily influenced by the current composition of the Fund's holdings and its present requirements. If an investment revealed by the research process is considered suitable for the Fund, the adviser will originate or add to an existing position. The acquisition process is generally initiated by the security entering into an attractive price range, insider purchases, or other fundamental improvements. Acquisitions are gradually entered into, dependent mostly on an investment staying within its optimal price range maintaining the desired margin of safety.
Hold Process
The adviser consistently assesses the value of existing positions in the Fund. Generally, the adviser exercises patience when fundamentals are stable but prices volatile. The adviser may at times write covered call options on a small portion of existing common stock positions in the Fund to generate premium.
Exit Process
The adviser's decision to exit a position can be initiated by numerous factors. Steep increases in price, revealing short-term over-buying, may lead the adviser to exit a portion of an investment to mitigate price risk (risk of a price falling). Re-allocations whether for new opportunities or Fund requirements (e.g. liquidity) may also lead the adviser to exit particular positions. When the adviser deems a change in fundamentals or a shift in management to negatively impact an investment, the adviser may exit the position. The Fund may also exit positions as part of contractual obligations (e.g. calling bonds, options exercise, credit obligation maturity, etc.)
Principal Investment Risks:
·
Fixed Income Risk: Fixed income risk factors include credit risk (the debtor may default) and prepayment risk (the debtor may pay its obligation early or later than expected, potentially reducing the amount of interest payments or extending time to principal repayment). These risks could affect the value of a particular investment possibly causing the Fund's share price and total return to be reduced and fluctuate more than other types of investments. When the Fund invests in fixed income securities the value of your investment in the Fund will fluctuate with changes in interest rates. Typically, a rise in interest rates causes a decline in the value of fixed income securities. In general, the market price of debt securities with longer maturities will increase or decrease more in response to changes in interest rates than shorter-term securities.
·
Junk Bond Risk: Lower-quality fixed income securities, known as "high yield" or "junk" bonds, present a significant risk for loss of principal and interest. These securities are considered speculative. These bonds offer the potential for higher return, but also involve greater risk than bonds of higher quality, including an increased possibility that the bond's issuer, obligor or guarantor may not be able to make its payments of interest and principal (credit quality risk). If that happens, the value of the bond may decrease, and the Fund's share price may decrease and its income distribution may be reduced. An economic downturn or period of rising interest rates (interest rate risk) could adversely affect the market for these bonds and reduce the Fund's ability to sell its bonds (liquidity risk). Such securities may also include "Rule 144A" securities, which are subject to resale restrictions. The lack of a liquid market for these bonds could decrease the Fund's share price. Defaulted securities, those subject to a reorganization including bankruptcy court protection may become worthless, completely illiquid or subject to lengthy legal proceedings that will delay the resolution of their value, if any.
·
Leveraging Risk: The use of leverage through borrowing money to purchase additional securities will magnify the Fund's gains or losses. The use of leverage may also cause the Fund to incur interest expenses. The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it would not be advantageous to do so in order to satisfy its obligations.
·
Limited History of Operations: The Fund has a limited history of operation. Mutual funds and their advisors are subject to restrictions and limitations imposed by the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the Internal Revenue Code that do not apply to the adviser's management of individual and institutional accounts. As a result, the adviser may not achieve its intended result in managing the Fund.
·
Management Risk: The adviser's reliance on its value strategy and its judgments about the value and potential appreciation securities in which the Fund invests may prove to be incorrect. The ability of the Fund to meet its investment objective is directly related to the adviser's proprietary investment process. The adviser's assessment of the relative value of securities, their attractiveness and potential appreciation of particular investments in which the Fund invests may prove to be incorrect and there is no guarantee that the adviser's investment strategy will produce the desired results.
·
Market Risk: Overall equity and fixed income market risk, including volatility, may affect the value of individual instruments in which the Fund invests. Factors such as domestic economic growth and market conditions, interest rate levels, and political events affect the securities markets. When the value of the Fund's investments goes down, your investment in the Fund decreases in value and you could lose money.
·
MBS and CMO Risk: MBS and CMOs are subject to credit risk because underlying loan borrowers may default. MBS and CMO default rates tend to be sensitive to overall economic conditions and to localized property vacancy rates and prices. Certain individual securities may be more sensitive to default rates because payments may be subordinated to other securities of the same issuer. Additionally, MBS and CMOs are subject to prepayment risk because the underlying loans held by the issuers may be paid off prior to maturity at faster or lower rates than expected. The value of these securities may go down as a result of changes in prepayment rates on the underlying mortgages or loans. During periods of declining interest rates, prepayment rates usually increases and the Fund may have to reinvest prepayment proceeds at a lower interest rate. CMOs may be less susceptible to this risk because payment priorities within the CMO may have the effect of a prepayment lock out period.
·
Small and Medium Capitalization Stock Risk: The stocks of small and medium capitalization companies involve substantial risk. These companies may have limited product lines, markets or financial resources, and they may be dependent on a limited management group. Stocks of these companies may be subject to more abrupt or erratic market movements than those of larger, more established companies or the market averages in general.
Temporary Investments: To respond to adverse market, economic, political or other conditions, the Fund may invest 100% of its total assets, without limitation, in high-quality short-term debt securities and money market instruments. These short-term debt securities and money market instruments include: shares of money market mutual funds, commercial paper, certificates of deposit, bankers' acceptances, U.S. Government securities and repurchase agreements. While the Fund is in a defensive position, the opportunity to achieve its investment objective will be limited. Furthermore, to the extent that the Fund invests in money market mutual funds for cash positions, there will be some duplication of expenses because the Fund pays its pro-rata portion of such money market funds' advisory fees and operational fees. The Fund may also invest a substantial portion of its assets in such instruments at any time to maintain liquidity or pending selection of investments in accordance with its policies.
Portfolio Holdings Disclosure: A description of the Fund's policies regarding the release of portfolio holdings information is available in the Fund's Statement of Additional Information.
MANAGEMENT
Investment Adviser: Footprints Asset Management & Research, Inc., 11422 Miracle Hills Drive, Suite 208, Omaha, NE 68154, serves as investment adviser to the Fund. Subject to the authority of the Board of Trustees, the adviser is responsible for management of the Fund's investment portfolio. The adviser is responsible for selecting the Fund's investments according to the Fund's investment objective, policies and restrictions. The adviser was established in 2003 for the purpose of providing investment and financial planning advice to individuals and institutions. As of [___], 2012, it had approximately $[103] million in assets under management. Pursuant to an advisory agreement between the Fund and the adviser, the adviser is entitled to receive, on a monthly basis, an annual advisory fee equal to 1.50% of the Fund's average daily net assets.
The adviser has contractually agreed to waive its fees and reimburse expenses of the Fund, at least until [_____], 2013 to ensure that Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver and Reimbursement (exclusive of any taxes, interest, brokerage commissions, dividend expense on securities sold short, acquired fund fees and expenses, or extraordinary expenses such as litigation or reorganization costs) will not exceed 1.95%, 2.70%, 1.70% and 1.95% of average daily net assets attributable to Class A, Class C, Class I and Class N shares, respectively. These fee waivers and expense reimbursements are subject to possible recoupment from the Fund in future years on a rolling three-year basis (within the three years after the fees have been waived or reimbursed) if such recoupment can be achieved within the foregoing expense limits. These agreements may be terminated only by the Fund's Board of Trustees, on 60 days written notice to the adviser. Fee waiver and reimbursement arrangements can decrease a Fund's expenses and boost its performance.
A discussion regarding the basis for the Board of Trustees' approval of the advisory agreement will be available in the Fund's first annual or semi-annual shareholder report.
Investment Adviser Portfolio Manager:
Steve Lococo, CMT ® founded the adviser in 2003 and serves as its President. Prior to founding the adviser, Mr. Lococo was a Registered Representative for Smith Hayes Financial Services (2002-2003), Kirkpatrick Pettis (1990-2002), Paine Webber (1984-1990), and worked in various positions within the broker-dealer First Mid-America (1976-1984). Mr. Lococo holds a BA in Finance from the University of Nebraska, has acquired several industry licenses, including NASD (presently FINRA) Series 7,24,63, and 65 licenses and is a Level II Chartered Market Technician.
The Fund's Statement of Additional Information provides additional information about the Portfolio Manager's compensation structure, other accounts managed by the Portfolio Manager, and the Portfolio Manager's ownership of shares of the Fund.
Prior Performance Information
The portfolio manager is also responsible for managing separate accounts for clients, all of which are invested using the "Absolute Value" strategy ("AV"). This strategy employs the same features of the Fund's principal investment strategies including investment in equity and fixed income securities using the adviser's investment principals. Mr. Lococo has full discretionary authority over the selection of investments for those AV accounts, and intends to use substantially the same goals and style of investment management in managing the Fund. The Footprints Discover Value Fund will have substantially the same investment objective, policies and strategies as the AV accounts.
The information for the AV accounts, which includes all substantially similar accounts, is provided to show the past performance of those accounts as measured against the specified benchmark and index. The performance of the AV accounts does not represent the historical performance of the Fund, and should not be considered indicative of future performance of the AV accounts or the Fund. Future results will differ from past results because of differences in future behavior of the various investment markets, in brokerage commissions, account expenses, the size of positions taken in relation to account size and diversification of securities, and the timing of purchases and sales, among other things. In addition, the AV accounts are not subject to certain investment limitations and other restrictions imposed by the 1940 Act and the Internal Revenue Code which, if applicable, might have adversely affected the performance of the AV accounts during the periods shown. Performance of the Fund for future periods will definitely vary, and some months and some quarters may result in negative performance; indeed, some future years may have negative performance.
The adviser provided the information shown below and calculated the performance information. The return information is derived from information that has been verified by Ashland Partners & Company LLP and is compliant with the Global Investment Performance Standards (GIPS ® ) promulgated by the CFA Institute (GIPS ® standards are similar to, but not identical to the method approved by the Securities and Exchange Commission for investment company financial reports). The AV accounts' returns shown include realized and unrealized gains plus income, including accrued income. These returns have been adjusted to reflect the estimated expenses of the shares of the Fund, including the effect of the expense limitation agreement, in place of the fees charged for the AV accounts. The performance is shown net of estimated operating expenses of each shares class for the first year of operations of the Fund. Results include the reinvestment of dividends and capital gains. Returns from cash and cash equivalents in the AV accounts are included in the performance calculations, and the cash and cash equivalents are included in the total assets on which the performance is calculated. The AV accounts were valued on a [monthly] basis, which differs from the SEC return calculation method that employs daily valuation.
AV Accounts Composite
Average Annual Total Returns
For the periods ended [_____], 2012
AV Accounts Composite 1 |
1 Year |
5 Years |
Since
|
Assuming Class A Expenses and Load |
[__]% |
[__]% |
[__]% |
Assuming Class A Expenses |
[__]% |
[__]% |
[__]% |
Assuming Class C Expenses |
[__]% |
[__]% |
[__]% |
Assuming Class I Expenses |
[__]% |
[__]% |
[__]% |
Assuming Class N Expenses |
[__]% |
[__]% |
[__]% |
S&P 500 Index 3 |
[__]% |
[__]% |
[__]% |
1 As of [__], 2012 the AV Accounts totaled $126,500,000.
2. The inception date for the AV Accounts Composite is June 30, 2003.
3 The S&P 500 Index is an unmanaged basket of stocks. Unlike a mutual fund, it also does not reflect any trading costs or management fees.
HOW SHARES ARE PRICED
The net asset value ("NAV") and offering price (NAV plus any applicable sales charges) of each class of shares is determined at 4:00 p.m. (Eastern Time) on each day the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") is open for business. NAV is computed by determining, on a per class basis, the aggregate market value of all assets of the Fund, less its liabilities, divided by the total number of shares outstanding ((assets-liabilities)/number of shares = NAV). The NYSE is closed on weekends and New Year's Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Washington's Birthday, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. The NAV takes into account, on a per class basis, the expenses and fees of the Fund, including management, administration, and distribution fees, which are accrued daily. The determination of NAV for a share class for a particular day is applicable to all applications for the purchase of shares, as well as all requests for the redemption of shares, received by the Fund (or an authorized broker or agent, or its authorized designee) before the close of trading on the NYSE on that day.
Generally, the Fund's securities are valued each day at the last quoted sales price on each security's primary exchange. Securities traded or dealt in upon one or more securities exchanges (whether domestic or foreign) for which market quotations are readily available and not subject to restrictions against resale shall be valued at the last quoted sales price on the primary exchange or, in the absence of a sale on the primary exchange, at the last bid on the primary exchange. Securities primarily traded in the National Association of Securities Dealers' Automated Quotation System ("NASDAQ") National Market System for which market quotations are readily available shall be valued using the NASDAQ Official Closing Price. If market quotations are not readily available, securities will be valued at their fair market value as determined in good faith by the adviser in accordance with procedures approved by the Board and evaluated by the Board as to the reliability of the fair value method used. In these cases, the Fund's NAV will reflect certain portfolio securities' fair value rather than their market price. Fair value pricing involves subjective judgments and it is possible that the fair value determined for a security is materially different than the value that could be realized upon the sale of that security. The fair value prices can differ from market prices when they become available or when a price becomes available.
The Fund may use independent pricing services to assist in calculating the value of the Fund's securities. In addition, market prices for foreign securities are not determined at the same time of day as the NAV for the Fund. Because the Fund may invest in securities primarily listed on foreign exchanges, and these exchanges may trade on weekends, the value of some of the Fund's portfolio securities may change on days when you may not be able to buy or sell Fund shares. In computing the NAV, the Fund values foreign securities, if any, held by the Fund at the latest closing price on the exchange in which they are traded immediately prior to closing of the NYSE. Prices of foreign securities quoted in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollars at current rates. If events materially affecting the value of a security in the Fund's portfolio, particularly foreign securities, occur after the close of trading on a foreign market but before the Fund prices its shares, the security will be valued at fair value. For example, if trading in a portfolio security is halted and does not resume before the Fund calculates its NAV, the adviser may need to price the security using the Fund's fair value pricing guidelines. Without a fair value price, short-term traders could take advantage of the arbitrage opportunity and dilute the NAV of long-term investors. Fair valuation of the Fund's portfolio securities can serve to reduce arbitrage opportunities available to short-term traders, but there is no assurance that fair value pricing policies will prevent dilution of the Fund's NAV by short term traders. The determination of fair value involves subjective judgments. As a result, using fair value to price a security may result in a price materially different from the prices used by other mutual funds to determine net asset value, or from the price that may be realized upon the actual sale of the security.
With respect to any portion of the Fund's assets that are invested in one or more open-end management investment companies registered under the 1940 Act, each Fund's net asset value is calculated based upon the net asset values of those open-end management investment companies, and the prospectuses for these companies explain the circumstances under which those companies will use fair value pricing and the effects of using fair value pricing.
HOW TO PURCHASE SHARES
Share Classes
This Prospectus describes four classes of shares offered by the Fund. The main differences between each class are sales charges, ongoing fees and minimum investments. For information on ongoing distribution fees, see Distribution Fees on page [_] of this Prospectus. In choosing which class of shares to purchase, you should consider which will be most beneficial to you, given the amount of your purchase. Each class of shares in the Fund represents an interest in the same portfolio of investments in the Fund.
Class A Shares
Class A shares are offered at the public offering price, which is net asset value per share plus the applicable sales charge. The sales charge varies, depending on how much you invest. There are no sales charges on reinvested distributions. You can also qualify for a sales charge reduction or waiver through a right of accumulation or a letter of intent if you are a U.S. resident. See the discussions of "Right of Accumulation" and "Letter of Intent" below. The Fund reserves the right to waive any load as described below. The following sales charges apply to your purchases of Class A shares of the Fund:
Amount Invested |
Sales Charge as a% of Offering Price |
Sales Charge as a% of Amount Invested |
Dealer Reallowance |
Under $25,000 |
5.75% |
6.10% |
5.00% |
$25,000 to $49,999 |
5.00% |
5.26% |
4.25% |
$50,000 to $99,999 |
4.75% |
4.99% |
4.00% |
$100,000 to $249,999 |
3.75% |
3.83% |
3.25% |
$250,000 to $499,999 |
2.50% |
2.56% |
2.00% |
$500,000 to $999,999 |
2.00% |
2.04% |
1.75% |
$1,000,000 and above |
1.00% |
1.01% |
1.00%. |
How to Reduce Your Sales Charge
You may be eligible to purchase Class A shares at a reduced sales charge. To qualify for these reductions, you must notify the Fund's distributor, Northern Lights Distributors, LLC (the "distributor"), in writing and supply your account number at the time of purchase. You may combine your purchase with those of your "immediate family" (your spouse and your children under the age of 21) for purposes of determining eligibility. If applicable, you will need to provide the account numbers of your spouse and your minor children as well as the ages of your minor children.
Rights of Accumulation : To qualify for the lower sales charge rates that apply to larger purchases of Class A shares, you may combine your new purchases of Class A shares with Class A shares of the Fund that you already own. The applicable initial sales charge for the new purchase is based on the total of your current purchase and the current value of all other Class A shares that you own. The reduced sales charge will apply only to current purchases and must be requested in writing when you buy your shares.
Shares of the Fund held as follows cannot be combined with your current purchase for purposes of reduced sales charges:
·
Shares held indirectly through financial intermediaries other than your current purchase broker-dealer (for example, a different broker-dealer, a bank, a separate insurance company account or an investment advisor);
·
Shares held through an administrator or trustee/custodian of an Employer Sponsored Retirement Plan (for example, a 401(k) plan) other than employer-sponsored IRAs; and
·
Shares held directly in the Fund account on which the broker-dealer (financial advisor) of record is different than your current purchase broker-dealer.
Letters of Intent : Under a Letter of Intent ("LOI"), you commit to purchase a specified dollar amount of Class A shares of the Fund, with a minimum of $[25,000], during a 13-month period. At your written request, Class A shares purchases made during the previous 90 days may be included. The amount you agree to purchase determines the initial sales charge you pay. If the full-face amount of the LOI is not invested by the end of the 13-month period, your account will be adjusted to the higher initial sales charge level for the amount actually invested. You are not legally bound by the terms of your LOI to purchase the amount of your shares stated in the LOI. The LOI does, however, authorize the Fund to hold in escrow 5% of the total amount you intend to purchase. If you do not complete the total intended purchase at the end of the 13-month period, the Fund's transfer agent will redeem the necessary portion of the escrowed shares to make up the difference between the reduced rate sales charge (based on the amount you intended to purchase) and the sales charge that would normally apply (based on the actual amount you purchased).
Repurchase of Class A Shares : If you have redeemed Class A shares of the Fund within the past 120 days, you may repurchase an equivalent amount of Class A shares of the Fund at NAV, without the normal front-end sales charge. In effect, this allows you to reacquire shares that you may have had to redeem, without repaying the front-end sales charge. You may exercise this privilege only once and must notify the Fund that you intend to do so in writing. The Fund must receive your purchase order within 120 days of your redemption. Note that if you reacquire shares through separate installments (e.g., through monthly or quarterly repurchases), the sales charge waiver will only apply to those portions of your repurchase order received within 120 days of your redemption.
Sales Charge Waivers
The sales charge on purchases of Class A shares is waived for certain types of investors, including:
·
Current and retired directors and officers of the Fund sponsored by the adviser or any of its subsidiaries, their families ( e.g. , spouse, children, mother or father) and any purchases referred through the adviser.
·
Employees of the adviser and their families, or any full-time employee or registered representative of the distributor or of broker-dealers having dealer agreements with the distributor (a "Selling Broker") and their immediate families (or any trust, pension, profit sharing or other benefit plan for the benefit of such persons).
·
Any full-time employee of a bank, savings and loan, credit union or other financial institution that utilizes a Selling Broker to clear purchases of the fund's shares and their immediate families.
·
Participants in certain "wrap-fee" or asset allocation programs or other fee-based arrangements sponsored by broker-dealers and other financial institutions that have entered into agreements with the distributor.
·
Clients of financial intermediaries that have entered into arrangements with the distributor providing for the shares to be used in particular investment products made available to such clients and for which such registered investment advisors may charge a separate fee.
·
Institutional investors (which may include bank trust departments and registered investment advisors).
·
Any accounts established on behalf of registered investment advisors or their clients by broker-dealers that charge a transaction fee and that have entered into agreements with the distributor.
·
Separate accounts used to fund certain unregistered variable annuity contracts or Section 403(b) or 401(a) or (k) accounts.
·
Employer-sponsored retirement or benefit plans with total plan assets in excess of $5 million where the plan's investments in the Fund are part of an omnibus account. A minimum initial investment of $1 million in the Fund is required. The distributor in its sole discretion may waive these minimum dollar requirements.
The Fund does not waive sales charges for the reinvestment of proceeds from the sale of shares of a different fund where those shares were subject to a front-end sales charge (sometimes called an "NAV transfer").
Class C Shares
Class C shares of the Fund are sold at NAV without an initial sales charge. This means that 100% of your initial investment is placed into shares of the Fund. Class C shares pay up to 1.00% on an annualized basis of the average daily net assets as reimbursement or compensation for service and distribution-related activities with respect to the Fund and/or shareholder services. Over time, fees paid under this distribution and service plan will increase the cost of a Class C shareholder's investment and may cost more than other types of sales charges.
Class I Shares
Class I shares of the Fund are sold at NAV without an initial sales charge and are not subject to 12b-1 distribution fees, but have a higher minimum initial investment than other classes of shares. This means that 100% of your initial investment is placed into shares of the Fund.
Class N Shares
Class N shares of the Fund are sold at NAV without an initial sales charge. This means that 100% of your initial investment is placed into shares of the Fund. Class N shares pay up to 0.25% on an annualized basis of the average daily net assets as reimbursement or compensation for service and distribution-related activities with respect to the Fund and/or shareholder services. Over time, fees paid under this distribution and service plan will increase the cost of a Class N shareholder's investment and may cost more than other types of sales charges.
Minimum and Additional Investment Amounts: The minimum initial and subsequent investment by class of shares is:
The Fund reserves the right to waive any minimum. There is no minimum investment requirement when you are buying shares by reinvesting dividends and distributions from the Fund.
Purchasing Shares: You may purchase shares of the Fund by sending a completed application form to the following address:
Regular/Express/Overnight Mail |
Footprints Discover Value Fund c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC 17605 Wright Street, Suite 2 Omaha, Nebraska 68130 |
The USA PATRIOT Act requires financial institutions, including the Fund, to adopt certain policies and programs to prevent money-laundering activities, including procedures to verify the identity of customers opening new accounts. As requested on the application, you should supply your full name, date of birth, social security number and permanent street address. Mailing addresses containing a P.O. Box will not be accepted. This information will assist the Fund in verifying your identity. Until such verification is made, the Fund may temporarily limit additional share purchases. In addition, the Fund may limit additional share purchases or close an account if it is unable to verify a shareholder's identity. As required by law, the Fund may employ various procedures, such as comparing the information to fraud databases or requesting additional information or documentation from you, to ensure that the information supplied by you is correct.
Automatic Investment Plan: You may participate in the Fund's Automatic Investment Plan, an investment plan that automatically moves money from your bank account and invests it in the Fund through the use of electronic funds transfers or automatic bank drafts. You may elect to make subsequent investments by transfers of a minimum of $100 on specified days of each month into your established Fund account. Please contact the Fund at 1-[__]-[___]-[____] for more information about the Fund's Automatic Investment Plan.
Purchase through Brokers: You may invest in the Fund through brokers or agents who have entered into selling agreements with the Fund's distributor. The brokers and agents are authorized to receive purchase and redemption orders on behalf of the Fund. The Fund will be deemed to have received a purchase or redemption order when an authorized broker or its designee receives the order. The broker or agent may set their own initial and subsequent investment minimums. You may be charged a fee if you use a broker or agent to buy or redeem shares of the Fund. Finally, various servicing agents use procedures and impose restrictions that may be in addition to, or different from those applicable to investors purchasing shares directly from the Fund. You should carefully read the program materials provided to you by your servicing agent.
Purchase by Wire: If you wish to wire money to make an investment in the Fund, please call the Fund at 1-[__]-[___]-[____] for wiring instructions and to notify the Fund that a wire transfer is coming. Any commercial bank can transfer same-day funds via wire. The Fund will normally accept wired funds for investment on the day received if they are received by the Fund's designated bank before the close of regular trading on the NYSE. Your bank may charge you a fee for wiring same-day funds.
Transactions through www.[_______].com: You may purchase the Fund's Class N shares and redeem the Fund's Class N shares through the website www.[_______].com. To establish Internet transaction privileges you must enroll through the website. You automatically have the ability to establish Internet transaction privileges for Class N shares unless you decline the privileges on your New Account Application or IRA Application. You will be required to enter into a user's agreement through the website in order to enroll in these privileges. In order to conduct Internet transactions, you must have telephone transaction privileges. To purchase shares through the website you must also have ACH instructions on your account.
Redemption proceeds may be sent to you by check to the address of record, or if your account has existing bank information, by wire or ACH. Only bank accounts held at domestic financial institutions that are ACH members can be used for transactions through the website. The Fund imposes a limit of $[50,000] on purchase and redemption transactions through the website. Transactions through the website are subject to the same minimums as other transaction methods.
You should be aware that the Internet is an unsecured, unstable, unregulated and unpredictable environment. Your ability to use the website for transactions is dependent upon the Internet and equipment, software, systems, data and services provided by various vendors and third parties. While the Fund and its service providers have established certain security procedures, the Fund, its distributor and its transfer agent cannot assure you that trading information will be completely secure.
There may also be delays, malfunctions, or other inconveniences generally associated with this medium. There also may be times when the website is unavailable for Fund transactions or other purposes. Should this happen, you should consider purchasing or redeeming shares by another method. Neither the Fund nor its transfer agent, distributor nor adviser will be liable for any such delays or malfunctions or unauthorized interception or access to communications or account information.
The Fund, however, reserves the right, in its sole discretion, to reject any application to purchase shares. Applications will not be accepted unless they are accompanied by a check drawn on a U.S. bank, thrift institutions, or credit union in U.S. funds for the full amount of the shares to be purchased. After you open an account, you may purchase additional shares by sending a check together with written instructions stating the name(s) on the account and the account number, to the above address. Make all checks payable to the Fund. The Fund will not accept payment in cash, including cashier's checks or money orders. Also, to prevent check fraud, the Fund will not accept third party checks, U.S. Treasury checks, credit card checks or starter checks for the purchase of shares.
Note: Gemini Fund Services, LLC, the Fund's transfer agent, will charge a $25 fee against a shareholder's account, in addition to any loss sustained by the Fund, for any check returned to the transfer agent for insufficient funds.
When Order is Processed: All shares will be purchased at the NAV per share next determined after the Fund receives your application or request in good order. All requests received in good order by the Fund before 4:00 p.m. (Eastern time) will be processed on that same day. Requests received after 4:00 p.m. will be processed on the next business day.
Good Order : When making a purchase request, make sure your request is in good order. "Good order" means your purchase request includes: the name of the Fund the dollar amount of shares to be purchased a completed purchase application or investment stub check payable to the "Footprints Discover Value Fund" |
Retirement Plans: You may purchase shares of the Fund for your individual retirement plans. Please call the Fund at 1-[__]-[___]-[____] for the most current listing and appropriate disclosure documentation on how to open a retirement account.
HOW TO REDEEM SHARES
Redeeming Shares: You may redeem all or any portion of the shares credited to your account by submitting a written request for redemption to:
Regular/Express/Overnight Mail |
Footprints Discover Value Fund c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC 17605 Wright Street, Suite 2 Omaha, Nebraska 68130 |
Redemptions by Telephone : The telephone redemption privilege is automatically available to all new accounts except retirement accounts. If you do not want the telephone redemption privilege, you must indicate this in the appropriate area on your account application or you must write to the Fund and instruct it to remove this privilege from your account.
The proceeds will be sent by mail to the address designated on your account or wired directly to your existing account in a bank or brokerage firm in the United States as designated on your application. To redeem by telephone, call 1-[___]-[___]-[____]. The redemption proceeds normally will be sent by mail or by wire within three business days after receipt of your telephone instructions. IRA accounts are not redeemable by telephone.
The Fund reserves the right to suspend the telephone redemption privileges with respect to your account if the name(s) or the address on the account has been changed within the previous 30 days. Neither the Fund, the transfer agent, nor their respective affiliates will be liable for complying with telephone instructions they reasonably believe to be genuine or for any loss, damage, cost or expenses in acting on such telephone instructions and you will be required to bear the risk of any such loss. The Fund or the transfer agent, or both, will employ reasonable procedures to determine that telephone instructions are genuine. If the Fund and/or the transfer agent do not employ these procedures, they may be liable to you for losses due to unauthorized or fraudulent instructions. These procedures may include, among others, requiring forms of personal identification prior to acting upon telephone instructions, providing written confirmation of the transactions and/or tape recording telephone instructions.
Redemptions through Broker: If shares of the Fund are held by a broker-dealer, financial institution or other servicing agent, you must contact that servicing agent to redeem shares of the Fund. The servicing agent may charge a fee for this service.
Redemptions by Wire : You may request that your redemption proceeds be wired directly to your bank account. The Fund's transfer agent imposes a $15 fee for each wire redemption and deducts the fee directly from your account. Your bank may also impose a fee for the incoming wire.
Automatic Withdrawal Plan: If your individual accounts, IRA or other qualified plan account have a current account value of at least $[10,000], you may participate in the Fund's Automatic Withdrawal Plan, an investment plan that automatically moves money to your bank account from the Fund through the use of electronic funds transfers. You may elect to make subsequent withdrawals by transfers of a minimum of $250 on specified days of each month into your established bank account. Please contact the Fund at 1-[___]-[___]-[____] for more information about the Fund's Automatic Withdrawal Plan.
Transactions through www.[______].com: You may redeem the Fund's Class N shares through the website www.[_________].com as more fully described above .
Redemptions in Kind: The Fund reserves the right to honor requests for redemption or repurchase orders made by a shareholder during any 90-day period by making payment in whole or in part in portfolio securities ("redemption in kind") if the amount of such a request is large enough to affect operations (if the request is greater than the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of the Fund's net assets at the beginning of the 90-day period). The securities will be chosen by the Fund and valued using the same procedures as used in calculating the Fund's NAV. A shareholder may incur transaction expenses in converting these securities to cash.
When Redemptions are Sent: Once the Fund receives your redemption request in "good order" as described below, it will issue a check based on the next determined NAV following your redemption request. The redemption proceeds normally will be sent by mail or by wire within three business days after receipt of a request in "good order." If you purchase shares using a check and soon after request a redemption, your redemption proceeds will not be sent until the check used for your purchase has cleared your bank (usually within 10 days of the purchase date).
Good Order: Your redemption request will be processed if it is in "good order." To be in good order, the following conditions must be satisfied: · The request should be in writing, unless redeeming by telephone, indicating the number of shares or dollar amount to be redeemed; · The request must identify your account number; · The request should be signed by you and any other person listed on the account, exactly as the shares are registered; and · If you request that the redemption proceeds be sent to a person, bank or an address other than that of record or paid to someone other than the record owner(s), or if the address was changed within the last 30 days, or if the proceeds of a requested redemption exceed $50,000, the signature(s) on the request must be medallion signature guaranteed by an eligible signature guarantor. |
When You Need Medallion Signature Guarantees: If you wish to change the bank or brokerage account that you have designated on your account, you may do so at any time by writing to the Fund with your signature guaranteed. A medallion signature guarantee assures that a signature is genuine and protects you from unauthorized account transfers. You will need your signature guaranteed if:
·
you request a redemption to be made payable to a person not on record with the Fund;
·
you request that a redemption be mailed to an address other than that on record with the Fund;
·
the proceeds of a requested redemption exceed $50,000;
·
any redemption is transmitted by federal wire transfer to a bank other than the bank of record; or
·
your address was changed within 30 days of your redemption request.
Signatures may be guaranteed by any eligible guarantor institution (including banks, brokers and dealers, credit unions, national securities exchanges, registered securities associations, clearing agencies and savings associations). Further documentation will be required to change the designated account if shares are held by a corporation, fiduciary or other organization. A notary public cannot guarantee signatures.
Retirement Plans: If you own an IRA or other retirement plan, you must indicate on your redemption request whether the Fund should withhold federal income tax. Unless you elect in your redemption request that you do not want to have federal tax withheld, the redemption will be subject to withholding. Please call the Fund at 1-877-896-2590 for the most current listing and appropriate disclosure documentation on how to open a retirement account.
Low Balances: If at any time your account balance falls below $1,000, the Fund may notify you that, unless the account is brought up to at least $1,000 within 30 days of the notice, your account could be closed. After the notice period, the Fund may redeem all of your shares and close your account by sending you a check to the address of record. Your account will not be closed if the account balance drops below required minimums due to a decline in NAV. The Fund will not charge any redemption fee on involuntary redemptions.
FREQUENT PURCHASES AND REDEMPTIONS OF FUND SHARES
The Fund discourages and does not accommodate market timing. Frequent trading into and out of the Fund can harm all Fund shareholders by disrupting the Fund's investment strategies, increasing Fund expenses, decreasing tax efficiency and diluting the value of shares held by long-term shareholders. The Fund is designed for long-term investors and is not intended for market timing or other disruptive trading activities. Accordingly, the Fund's Board has approved policies that seek to curb these disruptive activities while recognizing that shareholders may have a legitimate need to adjust their Fund investments as their financial needs or circumstances change. The Fund currently uses several methods to reduce the risk of market timing. These methods include:
·
Committing staff to review, on a continuing basis, recent trading activity in order to identify trading activity that may be contrary to the Fund's "Market Timing Trading Policy;"
·
Rejecting or limiting specific purchase requests;
·
Rejecting purchase requests from certain investors; and
·
Charging a 1% redemption fee on shares sold within 90 days.
Though these methods involve judgments that are inherently subjective and involve some selectivity in their application, the Fund seeks to make judgments and applications that are consistent with the interests of the Fund's shareholders.
Based on the frequency of redemptions in your account, the adviser or transfer agent may in its sole discretion determine that your trading activity is detrimental to the Fund as described in the Fund's Market Timing Trading Policy and elect to (i) reject or limit the amount, number, frequency or method for requesting future purchases into the Fund and/or (ii) reject or limit the amount, number, frequency or method for requesting future exchanges or redemptions out of the Fund.
The Fund reserves the right to reject or restrict purchase requests for any reason, particularly when the shareholder's trading activity suggests that the shareholder may be engaged in market timing or other disruptive trading activities. Neither the Fund nor the adviser will be liable for any losses resulting from rejected purchase orders. The adviser may also bar an investor who has violated these policies (and the investor's financial advisor) from opening new accounts with the Fund.
Although the Fund attempts to limit disruptive trading activities, some investors use a variety of strategies to hide their identities and their trading practices. There can be no guarantee that the Fund will be able to identify or limit these activities. Omnibus account arrangements are common forms of holding shares of the Fund. While the Fund will encourage financial intermediaries to apply the Fund's Market Timing Trading Policy to their customers who invest indirectly in the Fund, the Fund is limited in its ability to monitor the trading activity or enforce the Fund's Market Timing Trading Policy with respect to customers of financial intermediaries. For example, should it occur, the Fund may not be able to detect market timing that may be facilitated by financial intermediaries or made difficult to identify in the omnibus accounts used by those intermediaries for aggregated purchases, exchanges and redemptions on behalf of all their customers. More specifically, unless the financial intermediaries have the ability to apply the Fund's Market Timing Trading Policy to their customers through such methods as implementing short-term trading limitations or restrictions and monitoring trading activity for what might be market timing, the Fund may not be able to determine whether trading by customers of financial intermediaries is contrary to the Fund's Market Timing Trading Policy. Brokers maintaining omnibus accounts with the Fund have agreed to provide shareholder transaction information to the extent known to the broker to the Fund upon request. If the Fund or its transfer agent or shareholder servicing agent suspects there is market timing activity in the account, the Fund will seek full cooperation from the service provider maintaining the account to identify the underlying participant. At the request of the adviser, the service providers may take immediate action to stop any further short-term trading by such participants.
TAX STATUS, DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS
Any sale or exchange of the Fund's shares may generate tax liability (unless you are a tax-exempt investor or your investment is in a qualified retirement account). When you redeem your shares, you may realize a taxable gain or loss. This is measured by the difference between the proceeds of the sale and the tax basis for the shares you sold. (To aid in computing your tax basis, you generally should retain your account statements for the period that you hold shares in the Fund.)
The Fund intends to distribute substantially all of its net investment income and net capital gains annually in December. Both distributions will be reinvested in shares of the Fund unless you elect to receive cash. Dividends from net investment income (including any excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss) are taxable to investors as ordinary income, while distributions of net capital gain (the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss) are generally taxable as long-term capital gain, regardless of your holding period for the shares. Any dividends or capital gain distributions you receive from the Fund will normally be taxable to you when made, regardless of whether you reinvest dividends or capital gain distributions or receive them in cash. Certain dividends or distributions declared in October, November or December will be taxed to shareholders as if received in December if they are paid during the following January. Each year the Fund will inform you of the amount and type of your distributions. IRAs and other qualified retirement plans are exempt from federal income taxation until retirement proceeds are paid out to the participant.
Your redemptions, including exchanges, may result in a capital gain or loss for federal tax purposes. A capital gain or loss on your investment is the difference between the cost of your shares, including any sales charges, and the amount you receive when you sell them.
On the account application, you will be asked to certify that your social security number or taxpayer identification number is correct and that you are not subject to backup withholding for failing to report income to the IRS. If you are subject to backup withholding or you did not certify your taxpayer identification number, the IRS requires the Fund to withhold a percentage of any dividend, redemption or exchange proceeds. The Fund reserves the right to reject any application that does not include a certified social security or taxpayer identification number. If you do not have a social security number, you should indicate on the purchase form that your application to obtain a number is pending. The Fund is required to withhold taxes if a number is not delivered to the Fund within seven days.
This summary is not intended to be and should not be construed to be legal or tax advice. You should consult your own tax advisers to determine the tax consequences of owning the Fund's shares.
DISTRIBUTION OF SHARES
Distributor: Northern Lights Distributors, LLC, 17605 Wright Street, Omaha, Nebraska 68130, is the distributor for the shares of the Fund. Northern Lights Distributors, LLC is a registered broker-dealer and member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. ("FINRA"). Shares of the Fund are offered on a continuous basis.
Distribution Fees: The Fund has adopted a Distribution Plan ("12b-1 Plan" or "Plan"), pursuant to which the Fund may pay the Fund's distributor an annual fee for distribution and shareholder servicing expenses of 0.25%, 1.00% and 0.25% of the Fund's average daily net assets attributable to Class A, Class C and Class N shares, respectively.
The Fund's distributor and other entities are paid under the Plan for services provided and the expenses borne by the distributor and others in the distribution of Fund shares, including the payment of commissions for sales of the shares and incentive compensation to and expenses of dealers and others who engage in or support distribution of shares or who service shareholder accounts, including overhead and telephone expenses; printing and distribution of prospectuses and reports used in connection with the offering of the Fund's shares to other than current shareholders; and preparation, printing and distribution of sales literature and advertising materials. In addition, the distributor or other entities may utilize fees paid pursuant to the Plan to compensate dealers or other entities for their opportunity costs in advancing such amounts, which compensation would be in the form of a carrying charge on any un-reimbursed expenses.
You should be aware that if you hold your shares for a substantial period of time, you may indirectly pay more than the economic equivalent of the maximum front-end sales charge allowed by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority due to the recurring nature of distribution (12b-1) fees.
Additional Compensation to Financial Intermediaries: The Fund's distributor, its affiliates, and the Fund's adviser and its affiliates may, at their own expense and out of their own assets including their legitimate profits from Fund-related activities, provide additional cash payments to financial intermediaries who sell shares of the Fund. Financial intermediaries include brokers, financial planners, banks, insurance companies, retirement or 401(k) plan administrators and others. These payments may be in addition to the Rule 12b-1 fees and any sales charges that are disclosed elsewhere in this Prospectus. These payments are generally made to financial intermediaries that provide shareholder or administrative services, or marketing support. Marketing support may include access to sales meetings, sales representatives and financial intermediary management representatives, inclusion of the Fund on a sales list, including a preferred or select sales list, or other sales programs. These payments also may be made as an expense reimbursement in cases where the financial intermediary provides shareholder services to Fund shareholders. The distributor may, from time to time, provide promotional incentives to certain investment firms. Such incentives may, at the distributor's discretion, be limited to investment firms who allow their individual selling representatives to participate in such additional compensation.
Householding: To reduce expenses, we mail only one copy of the prospectus and each annual and semi-annual report to those addresses shared by two or more accounts. If you wish to receive individual copies of these documents, please call the Fund at 1-[__]-[___]-[___] on days the Fund is open for business or contact your financial institution. We will begin sending you individual copies thirty days after receiving your request.
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
Because the Fund has only recently commenced investment operations, no financial highlights are available for the Fund at this time. In the future, financial highlights will be presented in this section of the Prospectus.
Footprints Discover Value Fund
Adviser |
Footprints Asset Management & Research, Inc. 11422 Miracle Hills Drive, Suite 208, Omaha, NE 68154 |
Distributor |
Northern Lights Distributors, LLC 17605 Wright Street Omaha, NE 68130 |
Independent Registered Public Accountant |
[________] |
Legal Counsel |
Thompson Hine LLP 41 South High Street, 17th Floor Columbus, OH 43215 |
Custodian |
[________] |
Transfer Agent |
Gemini Fund Services, LLC
Omaha, NE 68130 |
Additional information about the Fund is included in the Fund's Statement of Additional Information dated [_____], 2012 (the "SAI"). The SAI is incorporated into this Prospectus by reference (i.e., legally made a part of this Prospectus). The SAI provides more details about the Fund's policies and management. Additional information about the Fund's investments will also be available in the Fund's Annual and Semi-Annual Reports to Shareholders. In the Fund's Annual Report, you will find a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the Fund's performance during its last fiscal year.
To obtain a free copy of the SAI and, when issued, the Annual and Semi-Annual Reports to Shareholders, or other information about the Fund, or to make shareholder inquiries about the Fund, please call 1-[___]-[___]-[____] or visit www.[________].com. You may also write to:
Footprints Discover Value Fund
c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC
17605 Wright Street, Suite 2
Omaha, NE 68130
You may review and obtain copies of the Fund's information at the SEC Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. Please call 1-202-551-8090 for information relating to the operation of the Public Reference Room. Reports and other information about the Fund are available on the EDGAR Database on the SEC's Internet site at http://www.sec.gov. Copies of the information may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following E-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov, or by writing the Public Reference Section, Securities and Exchange Commission, Washington, D.C. 20549-1520.
Investment Company Act File # 811-22655
The information in this Statement of Additional Information not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This Statement of Additional Information is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.
Footprints Discover Value Fund
a series of Northern Lights Fund Trust III
Class |
A |
Shares |
[ticker] |
Class |
C |
Shares |
[ticker] |
Class |
I |
Shares |
[ticker] |
Class |
N |
Shares |
[ticker] |
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
[____], 2012
This Statement of Additional Information ("SAI") is not a Prospectus and should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus of the Footprints Discover Value Fund (the "Fund") dated [____], 2012, which is incorporated by reference into this SAI (i.e., legally made a part of this SAI). Copies may be obtained without charge by contacting the Fund's Transfer Agent, Gemini Fund Services, LLC, 17605 Wright Street, Suite 2, Omaha, NE 68130 or by calling 1-[__]-[___]-[____]. You may also obtain a prospectus by visiting the Fund's website at www.[_________].com .
TABLE OF CONTENTS
THE FUND
The Footprints Discover Value Fund is a diversified series of Northern Lights Fund Trust III, a Delaware statutory trust organized on December 5, 2011 (the "Trust"). The Trust is registered as an open-end management investment company. The Trust is governed by its Board of Trustees (the "Board" or "Trustees").
The Fund may issue an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest. All shares of the Fund have equal rights and privileges. Each share of the Fund is entitled to one vote on all matters as to which shares are entitled to vote. In addition, each share of the Fund is entitled to participate equally with other shares, on a class-specific basis, (i) in dividends and distributions declared by the Fund and (ii) on liquidation to its proportionate share of the assets remaining after satisfaction of outstanding liabilities. Shares of the Fund are fully paid, non-assessable and fully transferable when issued and have no pre-emptive, conversion or exchange rights. Fractional shares have proportionately the same rights, including voting rights, as are provided for a full share.
Footprints Asset Management & Research, Inc. (the "Adviser") is the Fund's investment adviser. The Fund's investment objectives, restrictions and policies are more fully described here and in the Prospectus. The Board may start other series and offer shares of a new fund under the Trust at any time.
The Fund offers four classes of shares: Class A shares, Class C shares, Class I shares and Class N shares. Each share class represents an interest in the same assets of the Fund, has the same rights and is identical in all material respects except that (i) each class of shares may be subject to different (or no) sales loads; (ii) each class of shares may bear different (or no) distribution fees; (iii) each class of shares may have different shareholder features, such as minimum investment amounts; (iv) certain other class-specific expenses will be borne solely by the class to which such expenses are attributable, including transfer agent fees attributable to a specific class of shares, printing and postage expenses related to preparing and distributing materials to current shareholders of a specific class, registration fees paid by a specific class of shares, the expenses of administrative personnel and services required to support the shareholders of a specific class, litigation or other legal expenses relating to a class of shares, Trustees' fees or expenses paid as a result of issues relating to a specific class of shares and accounting fees and expenses relating to a specific class of shares and (v) each class has exclusive voting rights with respect to matters relating to its own distribution arrangements. The Board of Trustees may classify and reclassify the shares of the Fund into additional classes of shares at a future date.
Under the Trust's Agreement and Declaration of Trust, each Trustee will continue in office until the termination of the Trust or his/her earlier death, incapacity, resignation or removal. Shareholders can remove a Trustee to the extent provided by the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "1940 Act") and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. Vacancies may be filled by a majority of the remaining Trustees, except insofar as the 1940 Act may require the election by shareholders. As a result, normally no annual or regular meetings of shareholders will be held unless matters arise requiring a vote of shareholders under the Agreement and Declaration of Trust or the 1940 Act.
INVESTMENTS AND RISKS
The investment objective of the Fund and the descriptions of the Fund's principal investment strategies are set forth under "Investment Objective, Principal Investment Strategies, Related Risks" in the Prospectus. The Fund's investment objective is not fundamental and may be changed without the approval of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust.
The following pages contain more detailed information about the types of instruments in which the Fund may invest, strategies the Adviser may employ in pursuit of the Fund's investment objective and a summary of related risks.
Equity Securities
Equity securities in which the Fund invests include common stocks, preferred stocks and securities convertible into common stocks, such as convertible bonds, warrants, rights and options. The value of equity securities varies in response to many factors, including the activities and financial condition of individual companies, the business market in which individual companies compete and general market and economic conditions. Equity securities fluctuate in value, often based on factors unrelated to the value of the issuer of the securities, and such fluctuations can be significant.
Common Stock
Common stock represents an equity (ownership) interest in a company, and usually possesses voting rights and earns dividends. Dividends on common stock are not fixed but are declared at the discretion of the issuer. Common stock generally represents the riskiest investment in a company. In addition, common stock generally has the greatest appreciation and depreciation potential because increases and decreases in earnings are usually reflected in a company's stock price.
Preferred Stock
The Fund may invest in preferred stock with no minimum credit rating. Preferred stock is a class of stock having a preference over common stock as to the payment of dividends and the recovery of investment should a company be liquidated, although preferred stock is usually junior to the debt securities of the issuer. Preferred stock typically does not possess voting rights and its market value may change based on changes in interest rates.
The fundamental risk of investing in common and preferred stock is the risk that the value of the stock might decrease. Stock values fluctuate in response to the activities of an individual company or in response to general market and/or economic conditions. Historically, common stocks have provided greater long-term returns and have entailed greater short-term risks than preferred stocks, fixed-income securities and money market investments. The market value of all securities, including common and preferred stocks, is based upon the market's perception of value and not necessarily the book value of an issuer or other objective measures of a company's worth.
Convertible Securities
The Fund may invest in convertible securities with no minimum credit rating. Convertible securities include fixed income securities that may be exchanged or converted into a predetermined number of shares of the issuer's underlying common stock at the option of the holder during a specified period. Convertible securities may take the form of convertible preferred stock, convertible bonds or debentures, units consisting of "usable" bonds and warrants or a combination of the features of several of these securities. Convertible securities are senior to common stocks in an issuer's capital structure, but are usually subordinated to similar non-convertible securities. While providing a fixed-income stream (generally higher in yield than the income derivable from common stock but lower than that afforded by a similar nonconvertible security), a convertible security also gives an investor the opportunity, through its conversion feature, to participate in the capital appreciation of the issuing company depending upon a market price advance in the convertible security's underlying common stock.
Warrants
The Fund may invest in warrants. Warrants are options to purchase common stock at a specific price (usually at a premium above the market value of the optioned common stock at issuance) valid for a specific period of time. Warrants may have a life ranging from less than one year to twenty years, or they may be perpetual. However, most warrants have expiration dates after which they are worthless. In addition, a warrant is worthless if the market price of the common stock does not exceed the warrant's exercise price during the life of the warrant. Warrants have no voting rights, pay no dividends, and have no rights with respect to the assets of the corporation issuing them. The percentage increase or decrease in the market price of the warrant may tend to be greater than the percentage increase or decrease in the market price of the optioned common stock.
Depositary Receipts
The Fund may invest in sponsored and unsponsored American Depositary Receipts ("ADRs"), which are receipts issued by an American bank or trust company evidencing ownership of underlying securities issued by a foreign issuer. ADRs, in registered form, are designed for use in U.S. securities markets. Unsponsored ADRs may be created without the participation of the foreign issuer. Holders of these ADRs generally bear all the costs of the ADR facility, whereas foreign issuers typically bear certain costs in a sponsored ADR. The bank or trust company depositary of an unsponsored ADR may be under no obligation to distribute shareholder communications received from the foreign issuer or to pass through voting rights. Many of the risks described below regarding foreign securities apply to investments in ADRs.
Income Trusts
The Fund may invest in income trusts which are investment trusts that hold assets that are income producing. The income is passed on to the "unitholders." Each income trust has an operating risk based on its underlying business. The term may also be used to designate a legal entity, capital structure and ownership vehicle for certain assets or businesses. Shares or "trust units" are traded on securities exchanges just like stocks. Income is passed on to the investors, called unitholders, through monthly or quarterly distributions. Historically, distributions have typically been higher than dividends on common stocks. The unitholders are the beneficiaries of a trust, and their units represent their right to participate in the income and capital of the trust. Income trusts generally invest funds in assets that provide a return to the trust and its beneficiaries based on the cash flows of an underlying business. This return is often achieved through the acquisition by the trust of equity and debt instruments, royalty interests or real properties. The trust can receive interest, royalty or lease payments from an operating entity carrying on a business, as well as dividends and a return of capital.
Each income trust has an operating risk based on its underlying business; and, typically, the higher the yield, the higher the risk. They also have additional risk factors, including, but not limited to, poorer access to debt markets. Similar to a dividend paying stock, income trusts do not guarantee minimum distributions or even return of capital. If the business starts to lose money, the trust can reduce or even eliminate distributions; this is usually accompanied by sharp losses in a unit's market value. Since the yield is one of the main attractions of income trusts, there is the risk that trust units will decline in value if interest rates offering in competing markets, such as in the cash/treasury market, increase. Interest rate risk is also present within the trusts themselves because they hold very long term capital assets (e.g. pipelines, power plants, etc.), and much of the excess distributable income is derived from a maturity (or duration) mismatch between the life of the asset, and the life of the financing associated with it. In an increasing interest rate environment, not only does the attractiveness of trust distributions decrease, but quite possibly, the distributions may themselves decrease, leading to a double whammy of both declining yield and substantial loss of unitholder value. Because most income is passed on to unitholders, rather than reinvested in the business, in some cases, a trust can become a wasting asset unless more equity is issued. Because many income trusts pay out more than their net income, the unitholder equity (capital) may decline over time. To the extent that the value of the trust is driven by the deferral or reduction of tax, any change in government tax regulations to remove the benefit will reduce the value of the trusts. Generally, income trusts also carry the same risks as dividend paying stocks that are traded on stock markets.
Publicly Traded Partnerships
The Fund may invest in publicly traded partnerships ("PTPs"). PTPs are limited partnerships the interests in which (known as "units") are traded on public exchanges, just like corporate stock. PTPs are limited partnerships that provide an investor with a direct interest in a group of assets (generally, oil and gas properties). Publicly traded partnership units typically trade publicly, like stock, and thus may provide the investor more liquidity than ordinary limited partnerships. Publicly traded partnerships are also called master limited partnerships and public limited partnerships. A limited partnership has one or more general partners (they may be individuals, corporations, partnerships or another entity) which manage the partnership, and limited partners, which provide capital to the partnership but have no role in its management. When an investor buys units in a PTP, he or she becomes a limited partner. PTPs are formed in several ways. A non-traded partnership may decide to go public. Several non-traded partnerships may "roll up" into a single PTP. A corporation may spin off a group of assets or part of its business into a PTP of which it is the general partner, either to realize what it believes to be the assets' full value or as an alternative to issuing debt. A corporation may fully convert to a PTP, although since 1986 the tax consequences have made this an unappealing option; or, a newly formed company may operate as a PTP from its inception.
There are different types of risks to investing in PTPs including regulatory risks and interest rate risks. Currently most partnerships enjoy pass through taxation of their income to partners, which avoids double taxation of earnings. If the government were to change PTP business tax structure, unitholders would not be able to enjoy the relatively high yields in the sector for long. In addition, PTP's which charge government-regulated fees for transportation of oil and gas products through their pipelines are subject to unfavorable changes in government-approved rates and fees, which would affect a PTPs revenue stream negatively. PTPs also carry some interest rate risks. During increases in interest rates, PTPs may not produce decent returns to shareholders.
Real Estate Investment Trusts
The Fund may invest in securities of real estate investment trusts ("REITs"). REITs are publicly traded corporations or trusts that specialize in acquiring, holding and managing residential, commercial or industrial real estate. A REIT is not taxed at the entity level on income distributed to its shareholders or unitholders if it distributes to shareholders or unitholders at least 95% of its taxable income for each taxable year and complies with regulatory requirements relating to its organization, ownership, assets and income.
REITs generally can be classified as "Equity REITs", "Mortgage REITs" and "Hybrid REITs." An Equity REIT invests the majority of its assets directly in real property and derives its income primarily from rents and from capital gains on real estate appreciation, which are realized through property sales. A Mortgage REIT invests the majority of its assets in real estate mortgage loans and services its income primarily from interest payments. A Hybrid REIT combines the characteristics of an Equity REIT and a Mortgage REIT. Although the Fund can invest in all three kinds of REITs, its emphasis is expected to be on investments in Equity REITs.
Investments in the real estate industry involve particular risks. The real estate industry has been subject to substantial fluctuations and declines on a local, regional and national basis in the past and may continue to be in the future. Real property values and income from real property continue to be in the future. Real property values and income from real property may decline due to general and local economic conditions, overbuilding and increased competition, increases in property taxes and operating expenses, changes in zoning laws, casualty or condemnation losses, regulatory limitations on rents, changes in neighborhoods and in demographics, increases in market interest rates, or other factors. Factors such as these may adversely affect companies that own and operate real estate directly, companies that lend to such companies, and companies that service the real estate industry.
Investments in REITs also involve risks. Equity REITs will be affected by changes in the values of and income from the properties they own, while Mortgage REITs may be affected by the credit quality of the mortgage loans they hold. In addition, REITs are dependent on specialized management skills and on their ability to generate cash flow for operating purposes and to make distributions to shareholders or unitholders REITs may have limited diversification and are subject to risks associated with obtaining financing for real property, as well as to the risk of self-liquidation. REITs also can be adversely affected by their failure to qualify for tax-free pass-through treatment of their income under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or their failure to maintain an exemption from registration under the 1940 Act. By investing in REITs indirectly through a Fund, a shareholder bears not only a proportionate share of the expenses of the Fund, but also may indirectly bear similar expenses of some of the REITs in which it invests.
Fixed Income/Debt/Bond Securities
Yields on fixed income securities are dependent on a variety of factors, including the general conditions of the money market and other fixed income securities markets, the size of a particular offering, the maturity of the obligation and the rating of the issue. An investment in the Fund will be subjected to risk even if all fixed income securities in the Fund's portfolio are paid in full at maturity. All fixed income securities, including U.S. Government securities, can change in value when there is a change in interest rates or the issuer's actual or perceived creditworthiness or ability to meet its obligations.
There is normally an inverse relationship between the market value of securities sensitive to prevailing interest rates and actual changes in interest rates. In other words, an increase in interest rates produces a decrease in market value. The longer the remaining maturity (and duration) of a security, the greater will be the effect of interest rate changes on the market value of that security. Changes in the ability of an issuer to make payments of interest and principal and in the markets' perception of an issuer's creditworthiness will also affect the market value of the debt securities of that issuer. Obligations of issuers of fixed income securities (including municipal securities) are subject to the provisions of bankruptcy, insolvency, and other laws affecting the rights and remedies of creditors, such as the Federal Bankruptcy Reform Act of 1978. In addition, the obligations of municipal issuers may become subject to laws enacted in the future by Congress, state legislatures, or referenda extending the time for payment of principal and/or interest, or imposing other constraints upon enforcement of such obligations or upon the ability of municipalities to levy taxes. Changes in the ability of an issuer to make payments of interest and principal and in the market's perception of an issuer's creditworthiness will also affect the market value of the debt securities of that issuer. The possibility exists, therefore, that, the ability of any issuer to pay, when due, the principal of and interest on its debt securities may become impaired.
The corporate debt securities in which the Fund may invest include corporate bonds and notes and short-term investments such as commercial paper and variable rate demand notes. Commercial paper (short-term promissory notes) is issued by companies to finance their or their affiliate's current obligations and is frequently unsecured. Variable and floating rate demand notes are unsecured obligations typically redeemable upon not more than 30 days' notice. These obligations include master demand notes that permit investment of fluctuating amounts at varying rates of interest pursuant to a direct arrangement with the issuer of the instrument. The issuer of these obligations often has the right, after a given period, to prepay the outstanding principal amount of the obligations upon a specified number of days' notice. These obligations generally are not traded, nor generally is there an established secondary market for these obligations. To the extent a demand note does not have a 7-day or shorter demand feature and there is no readily available market for the obligation, it is treated as an illiquid security.
The Fund may invest in debt securities, including non-investment grade debt securities. The following describes some of the risks associated with fixed income debt securities:
Interest Rate Risk. Debt securities have varying levels of sensitivity to changes in interest rates. In general, the price of a debt security can fall when interest rates rise and can rise when interest rates fall. Securities with longer maturities and mortgage securities can be more sensitive to interest rate changes although they usually offer higher yields to compensate investors for the greater risks. The longer the maturity of the security, the greater the impact a change in interest rates could have on the security's price. In addition, short-term and long-term interest rates do not necessarily move in the same amount or the same direction. Short-term securities tend to react to changes in short-term interest rates and long-term securities tend to react to changes in long-term interest rates.
Credit Risk. Fixed income securities have speculative characteristics and changes in economic conditions or other circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of those issuers to make principal or interest payments, as compared to issuers of more highly rated securities.
Extension Risk. The Fund is subject to the risk that an issuer will exercise its right to pay principal on an obligation held by the Fund (such as mortgage-backed securities) later than expected. This may happen when there is a rise in interest rates. These events may lengthen the duration (i.e. interest rate sensitivity) and potentially reduce the value of these securities.
Prepayment Risk. Certain types of debt securities, such as mortgage-backed securities, have yield and maturity characteristics corresponding to underlying assets. Unlike traditional debt securities, which may pay a fixed rate of interest until maturity when the entire principal amount comes due, payments on certain mortgage-backed securities may include both interest and a partial payment of principal. Besides the scheduled repayment of principal, payments of principal may result from the voluntary prepayment, refinancing, or foreclosure of the underlying mortgage loans.
Securities subject to prepayment are less effective than other types of securities as a means of "locking in" attractive long-term interest rates. One reason is the need to reinvest prepayments of principal; another is the possibility of significant unscheduled prepayments resulting from declines in interest rates. These prepayments would have to be reinvested at lower rates. As a result, these securities may have less potential for capital appreciation during periods of declining interest rates than other securities of comparable maturities, although they may have a similar risk of decline in market value during periods of rising interest rates. Prepayments may also significantly shorten the effective maturities of these securities, especially during periods of declining interest rates. Conversely, during periods of rising interest rates, a reduction in prepayments may increase the effective maturities of these securities, subjecting them to a greater risk of decline in market value in response to rising interest rates than traditional debt securities, and, therefore, potentially increasing the volatility of the Fund.
At times, some of the mortgage-backed securities in which the Fund may invest will have higher than market interest rates and therefore will be purchased at a premium above their par value. Prepayments may cause losses in securities purchased at a premium, as unscheduled prepayments, which are made at par, will cause the Fund to experience a loss equal to any unamortized premium.
Certificates of Deposit and Bankers' Acceptances
Certificates of deposit are receipts issued by a depository institution in exchange for the deposit of funds. The issuer agrees to pay the amount deposited plus interest to the bearer of the receipt on the date specified on the certificate. The certificate usually can be traded in the secondary market prior to maturity.
The Fund may invest in insured bank obligations. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") insures the deposits of federally insured banks and savings and loan associations (collectively referred to as "banks") up to $250,000. The Fund may purchase bank obligations that are fully insured as to principal by the FDIC. Currently, to remain fully insured as to principal, these investments must be limited to $250,000 per bank; if the principal amount and accrued interest together exceed $250,000, the excess principal and accrued interest will not be insured. Insured bank obligations may have limited marketability.
Bankers' acceptances typically arise from short-term credit arrangements designed to enable businesses to obtain funds to finance commercial transactions. Generally, an acceptance is a time draft drawn on a bank by an exporter or an importer to obtain a stated amount of funds to pay for specific merchandise. The draft is then "accepted" by a bank that, in effect, unconditionally guarantees to pay the face value of the instrument on its maturity date. The acceptance may then be held by the accepting bank as an earning asset or it may be sold in the secondary market at the going rate of discount for a specific maturity. Although maturities for acceptances can be as long as 270 days, most acceptances have maturities of six months or less.
Time Deposits and Variable Rate Notes
The Fund may invest in fixed time deposits, whether or not subject to withdrawal penalties. The commercial paper obligations, which the Fund may buy are unsecured and may include variable rate notes. The nature and terms of a variable rate note (i.e., a "Master Note") permit the Fund to invest fluctuating amounts at varying rates of interest pursuant to a direct arrangement between the Fund as Lender, and the issuer, as borrower. It permits daily changes in the amounts borrowed. The Fund has the right at any time to increase, up to the full amount stated in the note agreement, or to decrease the amount outstanding under the note. The issuer may prepay at any time and without penalty any part of or the full amount of the note. The note may or may not be backed by one or more bank letters of credit. Because these notes are direct lending arrangements between the Fund and the issuer, it is not generally contemplated that they will be traded; moreover, there is currently no secondary market for them. Except as specifically provided in the Prospectus, there is no limitation on the type of issuer from whom these notes may be purchased; however, in connection with such purchase and on an ongoing basis, the Fund's advisor will consider the earning power, cash flow and other liquidity ratios of the issuer, and its ability to pay principal and interest on demand, including a situation in which all holders of such notes made demand simultaneously. Variable rate notes are subject to the Fund's investment restriction on illiquid securities unless such notes can be put back to the issuer on demand within seven days.
Commercial Paper
The Fund may purchase commercial paper. Commercial paper consists of short-term (usually from 1 to 270 days) unsecured promissory notes issued by corporations in order to finance their current operations. It may be secured by letters of credit, a surety bond or other forms of collateral. Commercial paper is usually repaid at maturity by the issuer from the proceeds of the issuance of new commercial paper. As a result, investment in commercial paper is subject to the risk the issuer cannot issue enough new commercial paper to satisfy its outstanding commercial paper, also known as rollover risk. Commercial paper may become illiquid or may suffer from reduced liquidity in certain circumstances. Like all fixed income securities, commercial paper prices are susceptible to fluctuations in interest rates. If interest rates rise, commercial paper prices will decline. The short-term nature of a commercial paper investment makes it less susceptible to interest rate risk than many other fixed income securities because interest rate risk typically increases as maturity lengths increase. Commercial paper tends to yield smaller returns than longer-term corporate debt because securities with shorter maturities typically have lower effective yields than those with longer maturities. As with all fixed income securities, there is a chance that the issuer will default on its commercial paper obligation.
Repurchase Agreements
The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements. In a repurchase agreement, an investor (such as the Fund) purchases a security (known as the "underlying security") from a securities dealer or bank. Any such dealer or bank must be deemed creditworthy by the Adviser. At that time, the bank or securities dealer agrees to repurchase the underlying security at a mutually agreed upon price on a designated future date. The repurchase price may be higher than the purchase price, the difference being income to the Fund, or the purchase and repurchase prices may be the same, with interest at an agreed upon rate due to the Fund on repurchase. In either case, the income to the Fund generally will be unrelated to the interest rate on the underlying securities. Repurchase agreements must be "fully collateralized," in that the market value of the underlying securities (including accrued interest) must at all times be equal to or greater than the repurchase price. Therefore, a repurchase agreement can be considered a loan collateralized by the underlying securities.
Repurchase agreements are generally for a short period of time, often less than a week, and will generally be used by the Fund to invest excess cash or as part of a temporary defensive strategy. Repurchase agreements that do not provide for payment within seven days will be treated as illiquid securities. In the event of a bankruptcy or other default by the seller of a repurchase agreement, the Fund could experience both delays in liquidating the underlying security and losses. These losses could result from: (a) possible decline in the value of the underlying security while the Fund is seeking to enforce its rights under the repurchase agreement; (b) possible reduced levels of income or lack of access to income during this period; and (c) expenses of enforcing its rights.
High Yield Securities
The Fund may invest in high yield securities. High yield, high risk bonds are securities that are generally rated below investment grade by the primary rating agencies (BB+ or lower by S&P and Ba1 or lower by Moody's). Other terms used to describe such securities include "lower rated bonds," "non-investment grade bonds," "below investment grade bonds," and "junk bonds." These securities are considered to be high-risk investments. The risks include the following:
Greater Risk of Loss. These securities are regarded as predominately speculative. There is a greater risk that issuers of lower rated securities will default than issuers of higher rated securities. Issuers of lower rated securities generally are less creditworthy and may be highly indebted, financially distressed, or bankrupt. These issuers are more vulnerable to real or perceived economic changes, political changes or adverse industry developments. In addition, high yield securities are frequently subordinated to the prior payment of senior indebtedness. If an issuer fails to pay principal or interest, the Fund would experience a decrease in income and a decline in the market value of its investments.
Sensitivity to Interest Rate and Economic Changes. The income and market value of lower-rated securities may fluctuate more than higher rated securities. Although non-investment grade securities tend to be less sensitive to interest rate changes than investment grade securities, non-investment grade securities are more sensitive to short-term corporate, economic and market developments. During periods of economic uncertainty and change, the market price of the investments in lower-rated securities may be volatile. The default rate for high yield bonds tends to be cyclical, with defaults rising in periods of economic downturn. For example, in 2000, 2001 and 2002, the default rate for high yield securities was significantly higher than in the prior or subsequent years.
Valuation Difficulties. It is often more difficult to value lower rated securities than higher rated securities. If an issuer's financial condition deteriorates, accurate financial and business information may be limited or unavailable. In addition, the lower rated investments may be thinly traded and there may be no established secondary market. Because of the lack of market pricing and current information for investments in lower rated securities, valuation of such investments is much more dependent on judgment than is the case with higher rated securities.
Liquidity. There may be no established secondary or public market for investments in lower rated securities. Such securities are frequently traded in markets that may be relatively less liquid than the market for higher rated securities. In addition, relatively few institutional purchasers may hold a major portion of an issue of lower-rated securities at times. As a result, the Fund may be required to sell investments at substantial losses or retain them indefinitely when an issuer's financial condition is deteriorating.
Credit Quality. Credit quality of non-investment grade securities can change suddenly and unexpectedly, and even recently-issued credit ratings may not fully reflect the actual risks posed by a particular high-yield security.
New Legislation. Future legislation may have a possible negative impact on the market for high yield, high risk bonds. As an example, in the late 1980's, legislation required federally-insured savings and loan associations to divest their investments in high yield, high risk bonds. New legislation, if enacted, could have a material negative effect on the Fund's investments in lower rated securities.
High yield, high risk investments may include the following:
Straight fixed-income debt securities. These include bonds and other debt obligations that bear a fixed or variable rate of interest payable at regular intervals and have a fixed or resettable maturity date. The particular terms of such securities vary and may include features such as call provisions and sinking funds.
Zero-coupon debt securities. These bear no interest obligation but are issued at a discount from their value at maturity. When held to maturity, their entire return equals the difference between their issue price and their maturity value.
Zero-fixed-coupon debt securities. These are zero-coupon debt securities that convert on a specified date to interest-bearing debt securities.
Pay-in-kind bonds. These are bonds which allow the issuer, at its option, to make current interest payments on the bonds either in cash or in additional bonds. These are bonds sold without registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended ("1933 Act"), usually to a relatively small number of institutional investors.
Convertible Securities. These are bonds or preferred stock that may be converted to common stock.
Preferred Stock. These are stocks that generally pay a dividend at a specified rate and have preference over common stock in the payment of dividends and in liquidation.
Loan Participations and Assignments. These are participations in, or assignments of all or a portion of loans to corporations or to governments, including governments of less developed countries ("LDCs").
Securities issued in connection with Reorganizations and Corporate Restructurings. In connection with reorganizing or restructuring of an issuer, an issuer may issue common stock or other securities to holders of its debt securities. The Fund may hold such common stock and other securities even if it does not invest in such securities.
Municipal Government Obligations
In general, municipal obligations are debt obligations issued by or on behalf of states, territories and possessions of the United States (including the District of Columbia) and their political subdivisions, agencies and instrumentalities. Municipal obligations generally include debt obligations issued to obtain funds for various public purposes. Certain types of municipal obligations are issued in whole or in part to obtain funding for privately operated facilities or projects. Municipal obligations include general obligation bonds, revenue bonds, industrial development bonds, notes and municipal lease obligations. Municipal obligations also include additional obligations, the interest on which is exempt from federal income tax, that may become available in the future as long as the Board of the Fund determines that an investment in any such type of obligation is consistent with the Fund's investment objectives. Municipal obligations may be fully or partially backed by local government, the credit of a private issuer, current or anticipated revenues from a specific project or specific assets or domestic or foreign entities providing credit support such as letters of credit, guarantees or insurance.
Bonds and Notes. General obligation bonds are secured by the issuer's pledge of its full faith, credit and taxing power for the payment of interest and principal. Revenue bonds are payable only from the revenues derived from a project or facility or from the proceeds of a specified revenue source. Industrial development bonds are generally revenue bonds secured by payments from and the credit of private users. Municipal notes are issued to meet the short-term funding requirements of state, regional and local governments. Municipal notes include tax anticipation notes, bond anticipation notes, revenue anticipation notes, tax and revenue anticipation notes, construction loan notes, short-term discount notes, tax-exempt commercial paper, demand notes and similar instruments.
Municipal Lease Obligations. Municipal lease obligations may take the form of a lease, an installment purchase or a conditional sales contract. They are issued by state and local governments and authorities to acquire land, equipment and facilities, such as vehicles, telecommunications and computer equipment and other capital assets. The Fund may invest in Underlying Funds that purchase these lease obligations directly, or it may purchase participation interests in such lease obligations (See "Participation Interests" section). States have different requirements for issuing municipal debt and issuing municipal leases. Municipal leases are generally subject to greater risks than general obligation or revenue bonds because they usually contain a "non-appropriation" clause, which provides that the issuer is not obligated to make payments on the obligation in future years unless funds have been appropriated for this purpose each year. Such non-appropriation clauses are required to avoid the municipal lease obligations from being treated as debt for state debt restriction purposes. Accordingly, such obligations are subject to "non-appropriation" risk. Municipal leases may be secured by the underlying capital asset and it may be difficult to dispose of any such asset in the event of non-appropriation or other default.
United States Government Obligations
These consist of various types of marketable securities issued by the United States Treasury, i.e., bills, notes and bonds. Such securities are direct obligations of the United States government and differ mainly in the length of their maturity. Treasury bills, the most frequently issued marketable government security, have a maturity of up to one year and are issued on a discount basis. The Fund may also invest in Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities (TIPS). TIPS are special types of treasury bonds that were created in order to offer bond investors protection from inflation. The values of the TIPS are automatically adjusted to the inflation rate as measured by the Consumer Price Index (CPI). If the CPI goes up by half a percent, the value of the bond (the TIPS) would also go up by half a percent. If the CPI falls, the value of the bond does not fall because the government guarantees that the original investment will stay the same. TIPS decline in value when real interest rates rise. However, in certain interest rate environments, such as when real interest rates are rising faster than nominal interest rates, TIPS may experience greater losses than other fixed income securities with similar duration.
United States Government Agency Obligations
These consist of debt securities issued by agencies and instrumentalities of the United States government, including the various types of instruments currently outstanding or which may be offered in the future. Agencies include, among others, the Federal Housing Administration, Government National Mortgage Association ("GNMA"), Farmer's Home Administration, Export-Import Bank of the United States, Maritime Administration, and General Services Administration. Instrumentalities include, for example, each of the Federal Home Loan Banks, the National Bank for Cooperatives, the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("FHLMC"), the Farm Credit Banks, the Federal National Mortgage Association ("FNMA"), and the United States Postal Service. These securities are either: (i) backed by the full faith and credit of the United States government (e.g., United States Treasury Bills); (ii) guaranteed by the United States Treasury (e.g., GNMA mortgage-backed securities); (iii) supported by the issuing agency's or instrumentality's right to borrow from the United States Treasury (e.g., FNMA Discount Notes); or (iv) supported only by the issuing agency's or instrumentality's own credit (e.g., Tennessee Valley Association). On September 7, 2008, the U.S. Treasury Department and the Federal Housing Finance Authority (the "FHFA") announced that FNMA and FHLMC had been placed into conservatorship, a statutory process designed to stabilize a troubled institution with the objective of returning the entity to normal business operations. The U.S. Treasury Department and the FHFA at the same time established a secured lending facility and a Secured Stock Purchase Agreement with both FNMA and FHLMC to ensure that each entity had the ability to fulfill its financial obligations. The FHFA announced that it does not anticipate any disruption in pattern of payments or ongoing business operations of FNMA and FHLMC.
Government-related guarantors (i.e. not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States Government) include FNMA and FHLMC. FNMA is a government-sponsored corporation owned entirely by private stockholders. It is subject to general regulation by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development. FNMA purchases conventional (i.e., not insured or guaranteed by any government agency) residential mortgages from a list of approved seller/servicers which include state and federally chartered savings and loan associations, mutual savings banks, commercial banks and credit unions and mortgage bankers. Pass-through securities issued by FNMA are guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest by FNMA but are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States Government.
FHLMC was created by Congress in 1970 for the purpose of increasing the availability of mortgage credit for residential housing. It is a government-sponsored corporation formerly owned by the twelve Federal Home Loan Banks and now owned entirely by private stockholders. FHLMC issues Participation Certificates ("PC's"), which represent interests in conventional mortgages from FHLMC's national portfolio. FHLMC guarantees the timely payment of interest and ultimate collection of principal, but PCs are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States Government. Commercial banks, savings and loan institutions, private mortgage insurance companies, mortgage bankers and other secondary market issuers also create pass-through pools of conventional residential mortgage loans. Such issuers may, in addition, be the originators and/or servicers of the underlying mortgage loans as well as the guarantors of the mortgage-related securities. Pools created by such nongovernmental issuers generally offer a higher rate of interest than government and government-related pools because there are no direct or indirect government or agency guarantees of payments in the former pools. However, timely payment of interest and principal of these pools may be supported by various forms of insurance or guarantees, including individual loan, title, pool and hazard insurance and letters of credit. The insurance and guarantees are issued by governmental entities, private insurers and the mortgage poolers.
Mortgage Pass-Through Securities
Interests in pools of mortgage pass-through securities differ from other forms of debt securities (which normally provide periodic payments of interest in fixed amounts and the payment of principal in a lump sum at maturity or on specified call dates). Instead, mortgage pass-through securities provide monthly payments consisting of both interest and principal payments. In effect, these payments are a "pass-through" of the monthly payments made by the individual borrowers on the underlying residential mortgage loans, net of any fees paid to the issuer or guarantor of such securities. Unscheduled payments of principal may be made if the underlying mortgage loans are repaid or refinanced or the underlying properties are foreclosed, thereby shortening the securities' weighted average life. Some mortgage pass-through securities (such as securities guaranteed by GNMA) are described as "modified pass-through securities." These securities entitle the holder to receive all interest and principal payments owed on the mortgage pool, net of certain fees, on the scheduled payment dates regardless of whether the mortgagor actually makes the payment.
The principal governmental guarantor of mortgage pass-through securities is GNMA. GNMA is authorized to guarantee, with the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury, the timely payment of principal and interest on securities issued by lending institutions approved by GNMA (such as savings and loan institutions, commercial banks and mortgage bankers) and backed by pools of mortgage loans. These mortgage loans are either insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the Veterans Administration. A "pool" or group of such mortgage loans is assembled and after being approved by GNMA, is offered to investors through securities dealers.
Government-related guarantors of mortgage pass-through securities (i.e., not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury) include FNMA and FHLMC. FNMA is a government-sponsored corporation owned entirely by private stockholders. It is subject to general regulation by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development. FNMA purchases conventional (i.e., not insured or guaranteed by any government agency) residential mortgages from a list of approved sellers/servicers which include state and federally chartered savings and loan associations, mutual savings banks, commercial banks and credit unions and mortgage bankers. Mortgage pass-through securities issued by FNMA are guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest by FNMA but are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury.
FHLMC was created by Congress in 1970 for the purpose of increasing the availability of mortgage credit for residential housing. It is a U.S. government-sponsored corporation formerly owned by the twelve Federal Home Loan Banks and now owned entirely by private stockholders. FHLMC issues Participation Certificates ("PCs"), which represent interests in conventional mortgages from FHLMC's national portfolio. FHLMC guarantees the timely payment of interest and ultimate collection of principal, but PCs are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury.
Commercial banks, savings and loan institutions, private mortgage insurance companies, mortgage bankers and other secondary market issuers also create pass-through pools of conventional residential mortgage loans. Such issuers may, in addition, be the originators and/or servicers of the underlying mortgage loans as well as the guarantors of the mortgage pass-through securities. The Fund does not purchase interests in pools created by such non-governmental issuers.
Resets. The interest rates paid on the Adjustable Rate Mortgage Securities ("ARMs") in which the Fund may invest generally are readjusted or reset at intervals of one year or less to an increment over some predetermined interest rate index. There are two main categories of indices: those based on U.S. Treasury securities and those derived from a calculated measure, such as a cost of funds index or a moving average of mortgage rates. Commonly utilized indices include the one-year and five-year constant maturity Treasury Note rates, the three-month Treasury Bill rate, the 180-day Treasury Bill rate, rates on longer-term Treasury securities, the National Median Cost of Funds, the one-month or three-month London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), the prime rate of a specific bank, or commercial paper rates. Some indices, such as the one-year constant maturity Treasury Note rate, closely mirror changes in market interest rate levels. Others tend to lag changes in market rate levels and tend to be somewhat less volatile.
Caps and Floors. The underlying mortgages which collateralize the ARMs in which the Fund invests will frequently have caps and floors which limit the maximum amount by which the loan rate to the residential borrower may change up or down: (1) per reset or adjustment interval, and (2) over the life of the loan. Some residential mortgage loans restrict periodic adjustments by limiting changes in the borrower's monthly principal and interest payments rather than limiting interest rate changes. These payment caps may result in negative amortization. The value of mortgage securities in which the Fund invests may be affected if market interest rates rise or fall faster and farther than the allowable caps or floors on the underlying residential mortgage loans. Additionally, even though the interest rates on the underlying residential mortgages are adjustable, amortization and prepayments may occur, thereby causing the effective maturities of the mortgage securities in which the Fund invests to be shorter than the maturities stated in the underlying mortgages.
Securities of Other Investment Companies
The Fund's investments in Exchange Traded Funds ("ETFs"), mutual funds and closed-end funds involve certain additional expenses and certain tax results, which would not be present in a direct investment in the underlying fund. Due to legal limitations, the Fund will be prevented from: 1) purchasing more than 3% of an investment company's (including ETFs) outstanding shares; 2) investing more than 5% of the Fund's assets in any single such investment company, and 3) investing more than 10% of the Fund's assets in investment companies overall; unless: (i) the underlying investment company and/or the Fund has received an order for exemptive relief from such limitations from the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"); and (ii) the underlying investment company and the Fund take appropriate steps to comply with any conditions in such order. In the alternative, the Fund may rely on Rule 12d1-3, which allows unaffiliated mutual funds to exceed the 5% limitation and the 10% limitation, provided the aggregate sales loads any investor pays (i.e., the combined distribution expenses of both the acquiring fund and the acquired fund) does not exceed the limits on sales loads established by FINRA for funds of funds. In addition to ETFs, the Fund may invest in other investment companies such as open-end mutual funds or exchange-traded closed-end funds, within the limitations described above.
Closed-End Investment Companies
The Fund may invest its assets in "closed-end" investment companies (or "closed-end funds"), subject to the investment restrictions set forth above. Shares of closed-end funds are typically offered to the public in a one-time initial public offering by a group of underwriters who retain a spread or underwriting commission of between 4% or 6% of the initial public offering price. Such securities are then listed for trading on the New York Stock Exchange, the American Stock Exchange, the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation System (commonly known as "NASDAQ") and, in some cases, may be traded in other over-the-counter markets. Because the shares of closed-end funds cannot be redeemed upon demand to the issuer like the shares of an open-end investment company (such as the Fund), investors seek to buy and sell shares of closed-end funds in the secondary market.
The Fund generally will purchase shares of closed-end funds only in the secondary market. The Fund will incur normal brokerage costs on such purchases similar to the expenses the Fund would incur for the purchase of securities of any other type of issuer in the secondary market. The Fund may, however, also purchase securities of a closed-end fund in an initial public offering when, in the opinion of the Adviser, based on a consideration of the nature of the closed-end fund's proposed investments, the prevailing market conditions and the level of demand for such securities, they represent an attractive opportunity for growth of capital. The initial offering price typically will include a dealer spread, which may be higher than the applicable brokerage cost if the Fund purchased such securities in the secondary market.
The shares of many closed-end funds, after their initial public offering, frequently trade at a price per share, which is less than the net asset value per share, the difference representing the "market discount" of such shares. This market discount may be due in part to the investment objective of long-term appreciation, which is sought by many closed-end funds, as well as to the fact that the shares of closed-end funds are not redeemable by the holder upon demand to the issuer at the next determined net asset value but rather are subject to the principles of supply and demand in the secondary market. A relative lack of secondary market purchasers of closed-end fund shares also may contribute to such shares trading at a discount to their net asset value.
The Fund may invest in shares of closed-end funds that are trading at a discount to net asset value or at a premium to net asset value. There can be no assurance that the market discount on shares of any closed-end fund purchased by the Fund will ever decrease. In fact, it is possible that this market discount may increase and the Fund may suffer realized or unrealized capital losses due to further decline in the market price of the securities of such closed-end funds, thereby adversely affecting the net asset value of the Fund's shares. Similarly, there can be no assurance that any shares of a closed-end fund purchased by the Fund at a premium will continue to trade at a premium or that the premium will not decrease subsequent to a purchase of such shares by the Fund.
Closed-end funds may issue senior securities (including preferred stock and debt obligations) for the purpose of leveraging the closed-end fund's common shares in an attempt to enhance the current return to such closed-end fund's common shareholders. The Fund's investment in the common shares of closed-end funds that are financially leveraged may create an opportunity for greater total return on its investment, but at the same time may be expected to exhibit more volatility in market price and net asset value than an investment in shares of investment companies without a leveraged capital structure.
Open-end Investment Companies
The Fund and any "affiliated persons," as defined by the 1940 Act, may purchase in the aggregate only up to 3% of the total outstanding securities of any underlying fund. Accordingly, when affiliated persons hold shares of any of the underlying fund, the Fund's ability to invest fully in shares of those funds is restricted, and the Adviser must then, in some instances, select alternative investments that would not have been its first preference. The 1940 Act also provides that an underlying fund whose shares are purchased by the Fund will be obligated to redeem shares held by the Fund only in an amount up to 1% of the underlying fund's outstanding securities during any period of less than 30 days. Shares held by the Fund in excess of 1% of an underlying fund's outstanding securities therefore, will be considered not readily marketable securities, which, together with other such securities, may not exceed 15% of the Fund's total assets.
Under certain circumstances, an underlying fund may determine to make payment of a redemption by the Fund wholly or partly by a distribution in kind of securities from its portfolio, in lieu of cash, in conformity with the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). In such cases, the Fund may hold securities distributed by an underlying fund until the Adviser determines that it is appropriate to dispose of such securities.
Investment decisions by the investment advisers of the underlying fund(s) are made independently of the Fund and its Adviser. Therefore, the investment adviser of one underlying fund may be purchasing shares of the same issuer whose shares are being sold by the investment adviser of another such fund. The result would be an indirect expense to the Fund without accomplishing any investment purpose.
Exchange Traded Funds
ETFs are generally passive funds that track their related index and have the flexibility of trading like a security. They are managed by professionals and provide the investor with diversification, cost and tax efficiency, liquidity, marginability, are useful for hedging, have the ability to go long and short, and some provide quarterly dividends. Additionally, some ETFs are unit investment trusts (UITs). ETFs typically have two markets. The primary market is where institutions swap "creation units" in block-multiples of, for example, 50,000 shares for in-kind securities and cash in the form of dividends. The secondary market is where individual investors can trade as little as a single share during trading hours on the exchange. This is different from open-ended mutual funds that are traded after hours once the net asset value (NAV) is calculated. ETFs share many similar risks with open-end and closed-end funds.
Foreign Securities
General . The Fund may invest in foreign securities and exchange traded funds ("ETFs") and other investment companies that hold a portfolio of foreign securities. Investing in securities of foreign companies and countries involves certain considerations and risks that are not typically associated with investing in U.S. government securities and securities of domestic companies. There may be less publicly available information about a foreign issuer than a domestic one, and foreign companies are not generally subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial standards and requirements comparable to those applicable to U.S. companies. There may also be less government supervision and regulation of foreign securities exchanges, brokers and listed companies than exists in the United States. Interest and dividends paid by foreign issuers may be subject to withholding and other foreign taxes, which may decrease the net return on such investments as compared to dividends and interest paid to the Fund by domestic companies or the U.S. government. There may be the possibility of expropriations, seizure or nationalization of foreign deposits, confiscatory taxation, political, economic or social instability or diplomatic developments that could affect assets of the Fund held in foreign countries. Finally, the establishment of exchange controls or other foreign governmental laws or restrictions could adversely affect the payment of obligations.
To the extent the Fund's currency exchange transactions do not fully protect the Fund against adverse changes in currency exchange rates, decreases in the value of currencies of the foreign countries in which the Fund will invest relative to the U.S. dollar will result in a corresponding decrease in the U.S. dollar value of the Fund's assets denominated in those currencies (and possibly a corresponding increase in the amount of securities required to be liquidated to meet distribution requirements). Conversely, increases in the value of currencies of the foreign countries in which the Fund invests relative to the U.S. dollar will result in a corresponding increase in the U.S. dollar value of the Fund's assets (and possibly a corresponding decrease in the amount of securities to be liquidated).
Emerging Markets Securities
The Fund may purchase securities of emerging market issuers and ETFs and other investment companies that invest in emerging market securities. Investing in emerging market securities imposes risks different from, or greater than, risks of investing in foreign developed countries. These risks include: smaller market capitalization of securities markets, which may suffer periods of relative illiquidity; significant price volatility; restrictions on foreign investment; and possible repatriation of investment income and capital. In addition, foreign investors may be required to register the proceeds of sales. Future economic or political crises could lead to price controls, forced mergers, expropriation or confiscatory taxation, seizure, nationalization, or creation of government monopolies. The currencies of emerging market countries may experience significant declines against the U.S. dollar, and devaluation may occur subsequent to investments in these currencies by the Fund. Inflation and rapid fluctuations in inflation rates have had, and may continue to have, negative effects on the economies and securities markets of certain emerging market countries.
Additional risks of emerging markets securities may include: greater social, economic and political uncertainty and instability; more substantial governmental involvement in the economy; less governmental supervision and regulation; unavailability of currency hedging techniques; companies that are newly organized and small; differences in auditing and financial reporting standards, which may result in unavailability of material information about issuers; and less developed legal systems. In addition, emerging securities markets may have different clearance and settlement procedures, which may be unable to keep pace with the volume of securities transactions or otherwise make it difficult to engage in such transactions. Settlement problems may cause the Fund to miss attractive investment opportunities, hold a portion of its assets in cash pending investment, or be delayed in disposing of a portfolio security. Such a delay could result in possible liability to a purchaser of the security.
Securities Options
The Fund may purchase and write ( i.e., sell) put and call options. Such options may relate to particular securities or stock indices, and may or may not be listed on a domestic or foreign securities exchange and may or may not be issued by the Options Clearing Corporation. Options trading is a highly specialized activity that entails greater than ordinary investment risk. Options may be more volatile than the underlying instruments, and therefore, on a percentage basis, an investment in options may be subject to greater fluctuation than an investment in the underlying instruments themselves.
A call option for a particular security gives the purchaser of the option the right to buy, and the writer (seller) the obligation to sell, the underlying security at the stated exercise price at any time prior to the expiration of the option, regardless of the market price of the security. The premium paid to the writer is in consideration for undertaking the obligation under the option contract. A put option for a particular security gives the purchaser the right to sell the security at the stated exercise price at any time prior to the expiration date of the option, regardless of the market price of the security.
Stock index options are put options and call options on various stock indices. In most respects, they are identical to listed options on common stocks. The primary difference between stock options and index options occurs when index options are exercised. In the case of stock options, the underlying security, common stock, is delivered. However, upon the exercise of an index option, settlement does not occur by delivery of the securities comprising the index. The option holder who exercises the index option receives an amount of cash if the closing level of the stock index upon which the option is based is greater than, in the case of a call, or less than, in the case of a put, the exercise price of the option. This amount of cash is equal to the difference between the closing price of the stock index and the exercise price of the option expressed in dollars times a specified multiple. A stock index fluctuates with changes in the market value of the stocks included in the index. For example, some stock index options are based on a broad market index, such as the Standard & Poor's 500® Index or the Value Line Composite Index or a narrower market index, such as the Standard & Poor's 100®. Indices may also be based on an industry or market segment, such as the AMEX Oil and Gas Index or the Computer and Business Equipment Index. Options on stock indices are currently traded on the Chicago Board Options Exchange, the New York Stock Exchange, the American Stock Exchange, the Pacific Stock Exchange and the Philadelphia Stock Exchange.
The Fund's obligation to sell an instrument subject to a call option written by it, or to purchase an instrument subject to a put option written by it, may be terminated prior to the expiration date of the option by the Fund's execution of a closing purchase transaction, which is effected by purchasing on an exchange an option of the same series ( i.e. , same underlying instrument, exercise price and expiration date) as the option previously written. A closing purchase transaction will ordinarily be effected to realize a profit on an outstanding option, to prevent an underlying instrument from being called, to permit the sale of the underlying instrument or to permit the writing of a new option containing different terms on such underlying instrument. The cost of such a liquidation purchase plus transactions costs may be greater than the premium received upon the original option, in which event the Fund will have paid a loss in the transaction. There is no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for any particular option. An option writer unable to effect a closing purchase transaction will not be able to sell the underlying instrument or liquidate the assets held in a segregated account, as described below, until the option expires or the optioned instrument is delivered upon exercise. In such circumstances, the writer will be subject to the risk of market decline or appreciation in the instrument during such period.
If an option purchased by the Fund expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a loss equal to the premium paid. If the Fund enters into a closing sale transaction on an option purchased by it, the Fund will realize a gain if the premium received by the Fund on the closing transaction is more than the premium paid to purchase the option, or a loss if it is less. If an option written by the Fund expires on the stipulated expiration date or if the Fund enters into a closing purchase transaction, it will realize a gain (or loss if the cost of a closing purchase transaction exceeds the net premium received when the option is sold). If an option written by the Fund is exercised, the proceeds of the sale will be increased by the net premium originally received and the Fund will realize a gain or loss.
Certain Risks Regarding Options. There are several risks associated with transactions in options. For example, there are significant differences between the securities and options markets that could result in an imperfect correlation between these markets, causing a given transaction not to achieve its objectives. In addition, a liquid secondary market for particular options, whether traded over-the-counter or on an exchange, may be absent for reasons which include the following: there may be insufficient trading interest in certain options; restrictions may be imposed by an exchange on opening transactions or closing transactions or both; trading halts, suspensions or other restrictions may be imposed with respect to particular classes or series of options or underlying securities or currencies; unusual or unforeseen circumstances may interrupt normal operations on an exchange; the facilities of an exchange or the Options Clearing Corporation may not at all times be adequate to handle current trading value; or one or more exchanges could, for economic or other reasons, decide or be compelled at some future date to discontinue the trading of options (or a particular class or series of options), in which event the secondary market on that exchange (or in that class or series of options) would cease to exist, although outstanding options that had been issued by the Options Clearing Corporation as a result of trades on that exchange would continue to be exercisable in accordance with their terms.
Successful use by the Fund of options on stock indices will be subject to the ability of the Adviser to correctly predict movements in the directions of the stock market. This requires different skills and techniques than predicting changes in the prices of individual securities. In addition, a fund's ability to effectively hedge all or a portion of the securities in its portfolio, in anticipation of or during a market decline, through transactions in put options on stock indices, depends on the degree to which price movements in the underlying index correlate with the price movements of the securities held by the Fund. Inasmuch as the Fund's securities will not duplicate the components of an index, the correlation will not be perfect. Consequently, the Fund bears the risk that the prices of its securities being hedged will not move in the same amount as the prices of its put options on the stock indices. It is also possible that there may be a negative correlation between the index and the Fund's securities that would result in a loss on both such securities and the options on stock indices acquired by the Fund.
The hours of trading for options may not conform to the hours during which the underlying securities are traded. To the extent that the options markets close before the markets for the underlying securities, significant price and rate movements can take place in the underlying markets that cannot be reflected in the options markets. The purchase of options is a highly specialized activity that involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions. The purchase of stock index options involves the risk that the premium and transaction costs paid by the Fund in purchasing an option will be lost as a result of unanticipated movements in prices of the securities comprising the stock index on which the option is based.
There is no assurance that a liquid secondary market on an options exchange will exist for any particular option, or at any particular time, and for some options no secondary market on an exchange or elsewhere may exist. If the Fund is unable to close out a call option on securities that it has written before the option is exercised, the Fund may be required to purchase the optioned securities in order to satisfy its obligation under the option to deliver such securities. If the Fund is unable to effect a closing sale transaction with respect to options on securities that it has purchased, it would have to exercise the option in order to realize any profit and would incur transaction costs upon the purchase and sale of the underlying securities.
Cover for Options Positions . Transactions using options (other than options that the Fund has purchased) expose the Fund to an obligation to another party. The Fund will not enter into any such transactions unless it owns either (i) an offsetting ("covered") position in securities or other options or (ii) cash or liquid securities with a value sufficient at all times to cover its potential obligations not covered as provided in (i) above. The Fund will comply with SEC guidelines regarding cover for these instruments and, if the guidelines so require, set aside cash or liquid securities in a segregated account with the Fund's custodian in the prescribed amount. Under current SEC guidelines, the Fund will segregate assets to cover transactions in which the Fund writes or sells options.
Assets used as cover or held in a segregated account cannot be sold while the position in the corresponding option is open, unless they are replaced with similar assets. As a result, the commitment of a large portion of the Fund's assets to cover or segregated accounts could impede portfolio management or the Fund's ability to meet redemption requests or other current obligations.
Options on Futures Contracts
The Fund may purchase and sell options on the same types of futures in which it may invest. Options on futures are similar to options on underlying instruments except that options on futures give the purchaser the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a position in a futures contract (a long position if the option is a call and a short position if the option is a put), rather than to purchase or sell the futures contract, at a specified exercise price at any time during the period of the option. Upon exercise of the option, the delivery of the futures position by the writer of the option to the holder of the option will be accompanied by the delivery of the accumulated balance in the writer's futures margin account which represents the amount by which the market price of the futures contract, at exercise, exceeds (in the case of a call) or is less than (in the case of a put) the exercise price of the option on the futures contract. Purchasers of options who fail to exercise their options prior to the exercise date suffer a loss of the premium paid.
Dealer Options
The Fund may engage in transactions involving dealer options as well as exchange-traded options. Certain additional risks are specific to dealer options. While the Fund might look to a clearing corporation to exercise exchange-traded options, if the Fund were to purchase a dealer option it would need to rely on the dealer from which it purchased the option to perform if the option were exercised. Failure by the dealer to do so would result in the loss of the premium paid by the Fund as well as loss of the expected benefit of the transaction.
Exchange-traded options generally have a continuous liquid market while dealer options may not. Consequently, the Fund may generally be able to realize the value of a dealer option it has purchased only by exercising or reselling the option to the dealer who issued it. Similarly, when the Fund writes a dealer option, it may generally be able to close out the option prior to its expiration only by entering into a closing purchase transaction with the dealer to whom the Fund originally wrote the option. While the Fund will seek to enter into dealer options only with dealers who will agree to and which are expected to be capable of entering into closing transactions with the Fund, there can be no assurance that the Fund will at any time be able to liquidate a dealer option at a favorable price at any time prior to expiration. Unless the Fund, as a covered dealer call option writer, is able to effect a closing purchase transaction, it will not be able to liquidate securities (or other assets) used as cover until the option expires or is exercised. In the event of insolvency of the other party, the Fund may be unable to liquidate a dealer option. With respect to options written by the Fund, the inability to enter into a closing transaction may result in material losses to the Fund. For example, because the Fund must maintain a secured position with respect to any call option on a security it writes, the Fund may not sell the assets, which it has segregated to secure the position while it is obligated under the option. This requirement may impair the Fund's ability to sell portfolio securities at a time when such sale might be advantageous.
The Staff of the SEC has taken the position that purchased dealer options are illiquid securities. The Fund may treat the cover used for written dealer options as liquid if the dealer agrees that the Fund may repurchase the dealer option it has written for a maximum price to be calculated by a predetermined formula. In such cases, the dealer option would be considered illiquid only to the extent the maximum purchase price under the formula exceeds the intrinsic value of the option. Accordingly, the Fund will treat dealer options as subject to the Fund's limitation on illiquid securities. If the SEC changes its position on the liquidity of dealer options, the Fund will change its treatment of such instruments accordingly.
Spread Transactions
The Fund may purchase covered spread options from securities dealers. These covered spread options are not presently exchange-listed or exchange-traded. The purchase of a spread option gives the Fund the right to put securities that it owns at a fixed dollar spread or fixed yield spread in relationship to another security that the Fund does not own, but which is used as a benchmark. The risk to the Fund, in addition to the risks of dealer options described above, is the cost of the premium paid as well as any transaction costs. The purchase of spread options will be used to protect the Fund against adverse changes in prevailing credit quality spreads, i.e., the yield spread between high quality and lower quality securities. This protection is provided only during the life of the spread options.
Futures Contracts
A futures contract provides for the future sale by one party and purchase by another party of a specified amount of a specific financial instrument (e.g., units of a stock index) for a specified price, date, time and place designated at the time the contract is made. Brokerage fees are paid when a futures contract is bought or sold and margin deposits must be maintained. Entering into a contract to buy is commonly referred to as buying or purchasing a contract or holding a long position. Entering into a contract to sell is commonly referred to as selling a contract or holding a short position.
Unlike when the Fund purchases or sells a security, no price would be paid or received by the Fund upon the purchase or sale of a futures contract. Upon entering into a futures contract, and to maintain the Fund's open positions in futures contracts, the Fund would be required to deposit with its custodian or futures broker in a segregated account in the name of the futures broker an amount of cash, U.S. government securities, suitable money market instruments, or other liquid securities, known as "initial margin." The margin required for a particular futures contract is set by the exchange on which the contract is traded, and may be significantly modified from time to time by the exchange during the term of the contract. Futures contracts are customarily purchased and sold on margins that may range upward from less than 5% of the value of the contract being traded.
If the price of an open futures contract changes (by increase in underlying instrument or index in the case of a sale or by decrease in the case of a purchase) so that the loss on the futures contract reaches a point at which the margin on deposit does not satisfy margin requirements, the broker will require an increase in the margin. However, if the value of a position increases because of favorable price changes in the futures contract so that the margin deposit exceeds the required margin, the broker will pay the excess to the Fund.
These subsequent payments, called "variation margin," to and from the futures broker, are made on a daily basis as the price of the underlying assets fluctuate making the long and short positions in the futures contract more or less valuable, a process known as "marking to the market." The Fund expects to earn interest income on its margin deposits.
Although certain futures contracts, by their terms, require actual future delivery of and payment for the underlying instruments, in practice most futures contracts are usually closed out before the delivery date. Closing out an open futures contract purchase or sale is effected by entering into an offsetting futures contract sale or purchase, respectively, for the same aggregate amount of the identical underlying instrument or index and the same delivery date. If the offsetting purchase price is less than the original sale price, the Fund realizes a gain; if it is more, the Fund realizes a loss. Conversely, if the offsetting sale price is more than the original purchase price, the Fund realizes a gain; if it is less, the Fund realizes a loss. The transaction costs must also be included in these calculations. There can be no assurance, however, that the Fund will be able to enter into an offsetting transaction with respect to a particular futures contract at a particular time. If the Fund is not able to enter into an offsetting transaction, the Fund will continue to be required to maintain the margin deposits on the futures contract.
For example, one contract in the Financial Times Stock Exchange 100 Index future is a contract to buy 25 pounds sterling multiplied by the level of the UK Financial Times 100 Share Index on a given future date. Settlement of a stock index futures contract may or may not be in the underlying instrument or index. If not in the underlying instrument or index, then settlement will be made in cash, equivalent over time to the difference between the contract price and the actual price of the underlying asset at the time the stock index futures contract expires.
Swap Agreements
The Fund may enter into swap agreements for purposes of attempting to gain exposure to equity, debt, commodities or other asset markets without actually purchasing those assets, or to hedge a position. Swap agreements are two-party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging from a day to more than one year. In a standard "swap" transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on particular predetermined investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or "swapped" between the parties are calculated with respect to a "notional amount," i.e., the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount invested in a "basket" of securities representing a particular index.
Most swap agreements entered into by the Fund calculate the obligations of the parties to the agreement on a "net basis." Consequently, the Fund's current obligations (or rights) under a swap agreement will generally be equal only to the net amount to be paid or received under the agreement based on the relative values of the positions held by each party to the agreement (the "net amount"). Payments may be made at the conclusion of a swap agreement or periodically during its term.
Swap agreements do not involve the delivery of securities or other underlying assets. Accordingly, if a swap is entered into on a net basis, if the other party to a swap agreement defaults, the Fund's risk of loss consists of the net amount of payments that the Fund is contractually entitled to receive, if any.
The net amount of the excess, if any, of the Fund's obligations over its entitlements with respect to a swap agreement entered into on a net basis will be accrued daily and an amount of cash or liquid asset having an aggregate net asset value at least equal to the accrued excess will be maintained in an account with the Custodian. The Fund will also establish and maintain such accounts with respect to its total obligations under any swaps that are not entered into on a net basis. Obligations under swap agreements so covered will not be construed to be "senior securities" for purposes of the Fund's investment restriction concerning senior securities.
Because they are two-party contracts and because they may have terms of greater than seven days, swap agreements may be considered to be illiquid for the Fund's illiquid investment limitations. The Fund will not enter into any swap agreement unless the Adviser believes that the other party to the transaction is creditworthy. The Fund bears the risk of loss of the amount expected to be received under a swap agreement in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a swap agreement counter-party.
The Fund may enter into a swap agreement in circumstances where the Adviser believes that it may be more cost effective or practical than buying the securities represented by such index or a futures contract or an option on such index. The counter-party to any swap agreement will typically be a bank, investment banking firm or broker/dealer. The counter-party will generally agree to pay the Fund the amount, if any, by which the notional amount of the swap agreement would have increased in value had it been invested in the particular stocks represented in the index, plus the dividends that would have been received on those stocks. The Fund will agree to pay to the counter-party a floating rate of interest on the notional amount of the swap agreement plus the amount, if any, by which the notional amount would have decreased in value had it been invested in such stocks. Therefore, the return to the Fund on any swap agreement should be the gain or loss on the notional amount plus dividends on the stocks less the interest paid by the Fund on the notional amount.
The swap market has grown substantially in recent years with a large number of banks and investment banking firms acting both as principals and as agents utilizing standardized swap documentation. As a result, the swap market has become relatively liquid in comparison with the markets for other similar instruments that are traded in the OTC market.
Regulation as a Commodity Pool Operator
The Trust, on behalf of the Fund, has filed with the National Futures Association, a notice claiming an exclusion from the definition of the term "commodity pool operator" under the Commodity Exchange Act, as amended, and the rules of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission promulgated thereunder, with respect to the Fund's operation. Accordingly, the Fund is not subject to registration or regulation as a commodity pool operator.
When-Issued, Forward Commitments and Delayed Settlements
The Fund may purchase and sell securities on a when-issued, forward commitment or delayed settlement basis. In this event, the Custodian (as defined under the section entitled "Custodian") will segregate liquid assets equal to the amount of the commitment in a separate account. Normally, the Custodian will set aside portfolio securities to satisfy a purchase commitment. In such a case, the Fund may be required subsequently to segregate additional assets in order to assure that the value of the account remains equal to the amount of the Fund's commitment. It may be expected that the Fund's net assets will fluctuate to a greater degree when it sets aside portfolio securities to cover such purchase commitments than when it sets aside cash.
The Fund does not intend to engage in these transactions for speculative purposes but only in furtherance of its investment objectives. Because the Fund will segregate liquid assets to satisfy its purchase commitments in the manner described, the Fund's liquidity and the ability of the Adviser to manage them may be affected in the event the Fund's forward commitments, commitments to purchase when-issued securities and delayed settlements ever exceeded 15% of the value of its net assets.
The Fund will purchase securities on a when-issued, forward commitment or delayed settlement basis only with the intention of completing the transaction. If deemed advisable as a matter of investment strategy, however, the Fund may dispose of or renegotiate a commitment after it is entered into, and may sell securities it has committed to purchase before those securities are delivered to the Fund on the settlement date. In these cases, the Fund may realize a taxable capital gain or loss. When the Fund engages in when-issued, forward commitment and delayed settlement transactions, it relies on the other party to consummate the trade. Failure of such party to do so may result in the Fund incurring a loss or missing an opportunity to obtain a price credited to be advantageous.
The market value of the securities underlying a when-issued purchase, forward commitment to purchase securities, or a delayed settlement and any subsequent fluctuations in their market value is taken into account when determining the market value of the Fund starting on the day the Fund agrees to purchase the securities. The Fund does not earn interest on the securities it has committed to purchase until it has paid for and delivered on the settlement date.
Illiquid and Restricted Securities
The Fund may invest up to 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities. Illiquid securities include securities subject to contractual or legal restrictions on resale (e.g., because they have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act")) and securities that are otherwise not readily marketable (e.g., because trading in the security is suspended or because market makers do not exist or will not entertain bids or offers). Securities that have not been registered under the Securities Act are referred to as private placements or restricted securities and are purchased directly from the issuer or in the secondary market. Foreign securities that are freely tradable in their principal markets are not considered to be illiquid.
Restricted and other illiquid securities may be subject to the potential for delays on resale and uncertainty in valuation. The Fund might be unable to dispose of illiquid securities promptly or at reasonable prices and might thereby experience difficulty in satisfying redemption requests from shareholders. The Fund might have to register restricted securities in order to dispose of them, resulting in additional expense and delay. Adverse market conditions could impede such a public offering of securities.
A large institutional market exists for certain securities that are not registered under the Securities Act, including foreign securities. The fact that there are contractual or legal restrictions on resale to the general public or to certain institutions may not be indicative of the liquidity of such investments. Rule 144A under the Securities Act allows such a broader institutional trading market for securities otherwise subject to restrictions on resale to the general public. Rule 144A establishes a "safe harbor" from the registration requirements of the Securities Act for resale of certain securities to qualified institutional buyers. Rule 144A has produced enhanced liquidity for many restricted securities, and market liquidity for such securities may continue to expand as a result of this regulation and the consequent existence of the PORTAL system, which is an automated system for the trading, clearance and settlement of unregistered securities of domestic and foreign issuers sponsored by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. ("FINRA").
Under guidelines adopted by the Trust's Board, the Adviser may determine that particular Rule 144A securities, and commercial paper issued in reliance on the private placement exemption from registration afforded by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act, are liquid even though they are not registered. A determination of whether such a security is liquid or not is a question of fact. In making this determination, the Adviser will consider, as it deems appropriate under the circumstances and among other factors: (1) the frequency of trades and quotes for the security; (2) the number of dealers willing to purchase or sell the security; (3) the number of other potential purchasers of the security; (4) dealer undertakings to make a market in the security; (5) the nature of the security (e.g., debt or equity, date of maturity, terms of dividend or interest payments, and other material terms) and the nature of the marketplace trades (e.g., the time needed to dispose of the security, the method of soliciting offers, and the mechanics of transfer); and (6) the rating of the security and the financial condition and prospects of the issuer. In the case of commercial paper, the Adviser will also determine that the paper (1) is not traded flat or in default as to principal and interest, and (2) is rated in one of the two highest rating categories by at least two National Statistical Rating Organizations ("NRSROs") or, if only one NRSRO rates the security, by that NRSRO, or, if the security is unrated, the Adviser determines that it is of equivalent quality.
Rule 144A securities and Section 4(2) commercial paper that have been deemed liquid as described above will continue to be monitored by the Adviser to determine if the security is no longer liquid as the result of changed conditions. Investing in Rule 144A securities or Section 4(2) commercial paper could have the effect of increasing the amount of the Fund's assets invested in illiquid securities if institutional buyers are unwilling to purchase such securities.
Lending Portfolio Securities
For the purpose of achieving income, the Fund may lend its portfolio securities, provided (1) the loan is secured continuously by collateral consisting of U.S. Government securities or cash or cash equivalents (cash, U.S. Government securities, negotiable certificates of deposit, bankers' acceptances or letters of credit) maintained on a daily mark-to-market basis in an amount at least equal to the current market value of the securities loaned, (2) the Fund may at any time call the loan and obtain the return of securities loaned, (3) the Fund will receive any interest or dividends received on the loaned securities, and (4) the aggregate value of the securities loaned will not at any time exceed one-third of the total assets of the Fund.
Short Sales
The Fund may sell securities short as an outright investment strategy and to offset potential declines in long positions in similar securities. A short sale is a transaction in which the Fund sells a security it does not own or have the right to acquire (or that it owns but does not wish to deliver) in anticipation that the market price of that security will decline.
When the Fund makes a short sale, the broker-dealer through which the short sale is made must borrow the security sold short and deliver it to the party purchasing the security. The Fund is required to make a margin deposit in connection with such short sales; the Fund may have to pay a fee to borrow particular securities and will often be obligated to pay over any dividends and accrued interest on borrowed securities.
If the price of the security sold short increases between the time of the short sale and the time the Fund covers its short position, the Fund will incur a loss; conversely, if the price declines, the Fund will realize a capital gain. Any gain will be decreased, and any loss increased, by the transaction costs described above. The successful use of short selling may be adversely affected by imperfect correlation between movements in the price of the security sold short and the securities being hedged.
To the extent the Fund sells securities short, it will provide collateral to the broker-dealer and (except in the case of short sales "against the box") will maintain additional asset coverage in the form of cash, U.S. government securities or other liquid securities with its custodian in a segregated account in an amount at least equal to the difference between the current market value of the securities sold short and any amounts required to be deposited as collateral with the selling broker (not including the proceeds of the short sale). The Fund does not intend to enter into short sales (other than short sales "against the box") if immediately after such sales the aggregate of the value of all collateral plus the amount in such segregated account exceeds 30% of the value of the Fund's net assets. This percentage may be varied by action of the Board of Trustees. A short sale is "against the box" to the extent the Fund contemporaneously owns, or has the right to obtain at no added cost, securities identical to those sold short.
Underlying Funds
The Fund may invest a portion of its assets in corporations (including foreign corporations), limited partnerships and other pooled investment vehicles ("Underlying Funds"). Each Underlying Fund, or share class of the Underlying Fund, is managed by its own manager or trading adviser, pursuant to a proprietary strategy. The Underlying Funds may use a form of leverage often referred to as "notional funding" - that is the nominal trading level for an Underlying Fund will exceed the cash deposited in its trading accounts. For example, if the Underlying Fund manager wants the Underlying Fund to trade a $200,000,000 portfolio (the "nominal trading level") the Underlying Fund's margin requirement may be $10,000,000. The Underlying Fund can either deposit $200,000,000 to "fully fund" the account or can deposit only a portion of the $200,000,000, provided that the amount deposited meets the account's ongoing minimum margin requirements. The difference between the amount of cash deposited in the account and the nominal trading level of the account is referred to as notional funding. The use of notional funding (i.e., leverage) will increase the volatility of the Underlying Funds. In addition, the leverage may make the Underlying Funds subject to more frequent margin calls. Being forced to raise cash at inopportune times to meet margin calls may prevent the Underlying Fund manager from making investments it considers optimal. As currently structured, the cash deposited in the trading account for each Underlying Fund will be available to meet the margin requirements of any share class of the Underlying Fund. However, additional funds to meet margin calls are available only to the extent of the Underlying Fund's assets and not from the Subsidiary or the Fund. Underlying Fund management fees are based on the nominal trading level and not the cash deposited in the trading account. For illustration purposes only, assume an Underlying Fund has assets of $50 million. The Underlying Fund is notionally funded and uses a nominal trading level of $200 million. The Underlying Fund pays its manager an annual management fee of 1% of the nominal account size, or $2,000,000. While the management fee represents 1% of the nominal account size ($200 million), the management fee represents 4% of the cash deposited ($50 million) in the Underlying Fund's trading account. The Underlying Funds are typically offered privately and no public market for such securities will exist.
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
The Fund may sell a portfolio investment soon after its acquisition if the Adviser believes that such a disposition is consistent with attaining the investment objective of the Fund. Portfolio investments may be sold for a variety of reasons, such as a more favorable investment opportunity or other circumstances bearing on the desirability of continuing to hold such investments. A high rate of portfolio turnover (over 100%) may involve correspondingly greater transaction costs, which must be borne directly by the Fund and ultimately by its shareholders. High portfolio turnover may result in the realization of substantial net capital gains. To the extent short-term capital gains are realized, distributions attributable to such gains will be ordinary income for federal income tax purposes.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
The Fund has adopted the following investment restrictions that may not be changed without approval by a "majority of the outstanding shares" of the Fund which, as used in this SAI, means the vote of the lesser of (a) 67% or more of the shares of the Fund represented at a meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund are present or represented by proxy, or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund. The Fund may not:
1.
Issue senior securities. This limitation is not applicable to activities that may be deemed to involve the issuance or sale of a senior security by the Fund, provided that the Fund's engagement in such activities is consistent with or permitted by the 1940 Act, as amended, the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder or interpretations of the SEC or its staff;
2.
Borrow money, except (a) from a bank, provided that immediately after such borrowing there is an asset coverage of 300% for all borrowings of the Fund; or (b) from a bank or other persons for temporary purposes only, provided that such temporary borrowings are in an amount not exceeding 5% of the Fund's total assets at the time when the borrowing is made. This limitation does not preclude the Fund from entering into reverse repurchase transactions, provided that the Fund has an asset coverage of 300% for all borrowings and repurchase commitments of the Fund pursuant to reverse repurchase transactions;
3.
Purchase securities on margin, participate on a joint or joint and several basis in any securities trading account, or underwrite securities. (Does not preclude the Fund from obtaining such short-term credit as may be necessary for the clearance of purchases and sales of its portfolio securities, and except to the extent that the Fund may be deemed an underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933, by virtue of disposing of portfolio securities);
4.
Purchase or sell real estate or interests in real estate. This limitation is not applicable to investments in marketable securities that are secured by or represent interests in real estate. This limitation does not preclude the Fund from investing in mortgage-related securities or investing in companies engaged in the real estate business or that have a significant portion of their assets in real estate (including real estate investment trusts);
5.
Invest 25% or more of the market value of its assets in the securities of companies engaged in any one industry. (Does not apply to investment in the securities of the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities);
6.
Purchase or sell commodities (unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other investments or through commodity forward contracts, futures contracts or options), except that the Fund may purchase and sell forward and futures contracts and options to the full extent permitted under the 1940 Act, sell foreign currency contracts in accordance with any rules of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, invest in securities or other instruments backed by commodities, and invest in companies that are engaged in a commodities business or have a significant portion of their assets in commodities; or
7.
Make loans to others, except (a) through the purchase of debt securities in accordance with its investment objectives and policies, (b) to the extent the entry into a repurchase agreement is deemed to be a loan, and (c) by loaning portfolio securities.
The Fund observes the following policies, which are not deemed fundamental and which may be changed without shareholder vote. The Fund may not:
1.
Invest in any issuer for purposes of exercising control or management;
2.
Invest in securities of other investment companies except as permitted under the 1940 Act;
3.
Invest, in the aggregate, more than 15% of its net assets, measured at time of purchase, in securities with legal or contractual restrictions on resale, securities, which are not readily marketable and repurchase agreements with more than seven days to maturity; or
4.
Mortgage, pledge, hypothecate or in any manner transfer, as security for indebtedness, any assets of the Fund except as may be necessary in connection with borrowings described in limitation (2) above. Margin deposits, security interests, liens and collateral arrangements with respect to transactions involving options, futures contracts, short sales and other permitted investments and techniques are not deemed to be a mortgage, pledge or hypothecation of assets for purposes of this limitation.
If a restriction on the Fund's investments is adhered to at the time an investment is made, a subsequent change in the percentage of Fund assets invested in certain securities or other instruments, or change in average duration of the Fund's investment portfolio, resulting from changes in the value of the Fund's total assets, will not be considered a violation of the restriction; provided, however, that the asset coverage requirement applicable to borrowings shall be maintained in the manner contemplated by applicable law.
INVESTMENT ADVISER
The Adviser . Footprints Asset Management & Research, Inc., 11422 Miracle Hills Drive, Suite 208, Omaha, NE 68154, serves as investment adviser to the Fund. Subject to the authority of the Board of Trustees, the adviser is responsible for management of the Fund's investment portfolio. The adviser is responsible for selecting the Fund's investments according to the Fund's investment objective, policies and restrictions. The adviser was established in 2003 for the purpose of providing investment and financial planning advice to individuals and institutions. As of [___], 2012, it had approximately $[103] million in assets under management. The Adviser is deemed to be controlled by Steve J. Lococo by virtue of his ownership of a majority of the shares of the Adviser.
Pursuant to an Investment Advisory Agreement, the Fund pays the Adviser, on a monthly basis, an annual advisory fee equivalent to 1.50% of the Fund's average daily net assets. The Adviser has contractually agreed to waive its fees and reimburse expenses of the Fund, at least until [_____], 2013 to ensure that Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver and Reimbursement (exclusive of any taxes, interest, brokerage commissions, dividend expense on securities sold short, acquired fund fees and expenses, or extraordinary expenses such as litigation or reorganization costs) will not exceed 1.95%, 2.70%, 1.70% and 1.95% of average daily net assets attributable to Class A, Class C, Class I and Class N shares, respectively. These fee waivers and expense reimbursements are subject to possible recoupment from the Fund in future years on a rolling three-year basis (within the three years after the fees have been waived or reimbursed) if such recoupment can be achieved within the foregoing expense limits. These agreements may be terminated only by the Fund's Board of Trustees, on 60 days written notice to the adviser. Fee waiver and reimbursement arrangements can decrease a Fund's expenses and boost its performance. The Advisory Agreement will continue in effect for two (2) years initially and thereafter shall continue from year to year provided such continuance is approved at least annually by (a) a vote of the majority of the Independent Trustees, cast in person at a meeting specifically called for the purpose of voting on such approval and by (b) the majority vote of either all of the Trustees or the vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Fund. The Advisory Agreement may be terminated without penalty on no more than 60 days written notice by a vote of a majority of the Trustees or the Adviser, or by holders of a majority of that Trust's outstanding shares. The Advisory Agreement shall terminate automatically in the event of its assignment.
PORTFOLIO MANAGER
Portfolio Manager . As described in the Prospectus, the Portfolio Manager listed below is responsible for the management of the Fund and, as of [___ _], 2012, the other accounts set forth in the following tables.
|
|
Other Registered Investment Companies |
|
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
|
Other Accounts |
||||||
Portfolio Manager |
|
Number |
|
Total Assets |
|
Number |
|
Total Assets |
|
Number |
|
Total Assets |
Steve J. Lococo |
|
None |
|
$0 |
|
[_] |
|
$[_] |
|
[__] |
|
$[_] |
Of the accounts above, the following are subject to performance-based fees.
|
|
Other Registered Investment Companies |
|
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
|
Other Accounts |
||||||
Portfolio Manager |
|
Number |
|
Total Assets |
|
Number |
|
Total Assets |
|
Number |
|
Total Assets |
Steve J. Lococo |
|
None |
|
$0 |
|
[_] |
|
$[_] |
|
[__] |
|
$[_] |
Conflicts of Interest
In general, when a Portfolio Manager has responsibility for managing more than one account, potential conflicts of interest may arise. Those conflicts could include preferential treatment of one account over others in terms of allocation of resources or of investment opportunities. For instance, the Adviser may receive fees from certain accounts that are higher than the fee it receives from the Fund, or it could receive a performance-based fee on certain accounts. The procedures to address conflicts of interest, if any, are described below.
The Adviser attempts to avoid conflicts of interest that may arise as a result of the management of multiple client accounts. From time to time, the Adviser may recommend or cause a client to invest in a security in which another client of the Adviser has an ownership position. The Adviser has each adopted certain procedures intended to treat all client accounts in a fair and equitable manner. To the extent that the Adviser seeks to purchase or sell the same security for multiple client accounts, the Adviser may aggregate, or bunch, these orders where it deems this to be appropriate and consistent with applicable regulatory requirements. When a bunched order is filled in its entirety, each participating client account will participate at the average share prices for the bunched order. When a bunched order is only partially filled, the securities purchased will be allocated on a pro-rata basis to each account participating in the bunched order based upon the initial amount requested for the account, subject to certain exceptions. Each participating account will receive the average share price for the bunched order on the same business day.
Compensation .
For services as Portfolio Manager to the Fund, Mr. Lococo receives a [fixed salary] from the Adviser and will also share in its profits, if any.
Ownership of Securities .
As of the date of this SAI, the Portfolio Manager beneficially owned the following amounts in the Fund:
Portfolio Manager |
Dollar Range of Shares Beneficially Owned |
Steve J. Lococo |
None |
ALLOCATION OF BROKERAGE
Specific decisions to purchase or sell securities for the Fund are made by the Portfolio Manager who is an employee of the Adviser. Generally, the Adviser is authorized by the Trustees to allocate the orders placed by it on behalf of the Fund to brokers or dealers who may, but need not, provide research or statistical material or other services to the Fund or the Adviser for the Fund's use. Such allocation is to be in such amounts and proportions as the Adviser may determine.
In selecting a broker or dealer to execute each particular transaction, the Adviser will generally take the following into consideration:
·
the best net price available;
·
the reliability, integrity and financial condition of the broker or dealer;
·
the size of and difficulty in executing the order; and
·
the value of the expected contribution of the broker or dealer to the investment performance of the Fund on a continuing basis.
Brokers or dealers executing a portfolio transaction on behalf of the Fund may receive a commission in excess of the amount of commission another broker or dealer would have charged for executing the transaction if the Adviser determines in good faith that such commission is reasonable in relation to the value of brokerage and research services provided to the Fund. In allocating portfolio brokerage, the Adviser may select brokers or dealers who also provide brokerage, research and other services to other accounts over which the Adviser exercises investment discretion. Some of the services received as the result of Fund transactions may primarily benefit accounts other than the Fund, while services received as the result of portfolio transactions effected on behalf of those other accounts may primarily benefit the Fund.
POLICIES AND PROCEDURES FOR DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS
The Trust has adopted policies and procedures that govern the disclosure of the Fund's portfolio holdings. These policies and procedures are designed to ensure that such disclosure is in the best interests of Fund shareholders.
It is the Trust's policy to: (1) ensure that any disclosure of portfolio holdings information is in the best interest of Trust shareholders; (2) protect the confidentiality of portfolio holdings information; (3) have procedures in place to guard against personal trading based on the information; and (4) ensure that the disclosure of portfolio holdings information does not create conflicts between the interests of the Trust's shareholders and those of the Trust's affiliates.
The Fund discloses its portfolio holdings by mailing the annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders approximately two months after the end of the fiscal year and semi-annual period. In addition, the Fund discloses its portfolio holdings reports on Forms N-CSR and Form N-Q two months after the end of each quarter/semi-annual period.
The Fund may choose to make portfolio holdings information available to rating agencies such as Lipper, Morningstar or Bloomberg more frequently on a confidential basis.
Under limited circumstances, as described below, the Fund's portfolio holdings may be disclosed to, or known by, certain third parties in advance of their filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission on Form N-CSR or Form N-Q. In each case, a determination has been made that such advance disclosure is supported by a legitimate business purpose and that the recipient is subject to a duty to keep the information confidential.
Adviser. Personnel of the Adviser, including personnel responsible for managing the Fund's portfolio, may have full daily access to Fund portfolio holdings since that information is necessary in order for them to provide management, administrative, and investment services to the Fund. As required for purposes of analyzing the impact of existing and future market changes on the prices, availability, demand and liquidity of such securities, as well as for the assistance of portfolio managers in the trading of such securities, Adviser personnel may also release and discuss certain portfolio holdings with various broker-dealers.
Gemini Fund Services, LLC. Gemini Fund Services, LLC is the transfer agent, fund accountant, administrator and custody administrator for the Fund; therefore, its personnel have full daily access to the Fund's portfolio holdings since that information is necessary in order for them to provide the agreed-upon services for the Trust.
[___________]. [___] is custodian for the Fund; therefore, its personnel have full daily access to the Fund's portfolio holdings since that information is necessary in order for them to provide the agreed-upon services for the Trust.
[______] . [_____] is the Fund's independent registered public accounting firm; therefore, its personnel have access to the Fund's portfolio holdings in connection with auditing of the Fund's annual financial statements and providing assistance and consultation in connection with SEC filings.
Thompson Hine LLP. Thompson Hine LLP is counsel to the Fund; therefore, its personnel have access to the Fund's portfolio holdings in connection with review of the Fund's annual and semi-annual shareholder reports and SEC filings.
Additions to List of Approved Recipients
The Fund's Chief Compliance Officer is the person responsible, and whose prior approval is required, for any disclosure of the Fund's portfolio securities at any time or to any persons other than those described above. In such cases, the recipient must have a legitimate business need for the information and must be subject to a duty to keep the information confidential. There are no ongoing arrangements in place with respect to the disclosure of portfolio holdings. In no event shall the Fund, the Adviser, or any other party receive any direct or indirect compensation in connection with the disclosure of information about the Fund's portfolio holdings.
Compliance With Portfolio Holdings Disclosure Procedures
The Fund's Chief Compliance Officer will report periodically to the Board with respect to compliance with the Fund's portfolio holdings disclosure procedures, and from time to time will provide the Board any updates to the portfolio holdings disclosure policies and procedures.
There is no assurance that the Trust's policies on disclosure of portfolio holdings will protect the Fund from the potential misuse of holdings information by individuals or firms in possession of that information.
OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS
Fund Administration, Fund Accounting and Transfer Agent Services
Gemini Fund Services, LLC ("GFS"), which has its principal office at 450 Wireless Blvd., Hauppauge, New York 11788, serves as administrator, fund accountant and transfer agent for the Fund pursuant to a Fund Services Agreement (the "Agreement") with the Fund and subject to the supervision of the Board. GFS is primarily in the business of providing administrative, fund accounting and transfer agent services to retail and institutional mutual funds. GFS is an affiliate of the Distributor. GFS may also provide persons to serve as officers of the Fund. Such officers may be directors, officers or employees of GFS or its affiliates.
The Agreement became effective on [__], 2012 and will remain in effect for two years from the applicable effective date for the Fund, and will continue in effect for successive twelve-month periods provided that such continuance is specifically approved at least annually by a majority of the Board. The Agreement is terminable by the Board or GFS on 90 days' written notice and may be assigned by either party, provided that the Trust may not assign this agreement without the prior written consent of GFS. The Agreement provides that GFS shall be without liability for any action reasonably taken or omitted pursuant to the Agreement.
Under the Agreement, GFS performs administrative services, including: (1) monitor the performance of administrative and professional services rendered to the Trust by others service providers; (2) monitor Fund holdings and operations for post-trade compliance with the Fund's registration statement and applicable laws and rules; (3) prepare and coordinate the printing of semi-annual and annual financial statements; (4) prepare selected management reports for performance and compliance analyses; (5) prepare and disseminate materials for and attend and participate in meetings of the Board; (6) determine income and capital gains available for distribution and calculate distributions required to meet regulatory, income, and excise tax requirements; (7) review the Trust's federal, state, and local tax returns as prepared and signed by the Trust's independent public accountants; (8) prepare and maintain the Trust's operating expense budget to determine proper expense accruals to be charged to each Fund to calculate its daily net asset value; (9) assist in and monitor the preparation, filing, printing and where applicable, dissemination to shareholders of amendments to the Trust's Registration Statement on Form N-1A, periodic reports to the Trustees, shareholders and the SEC, notices pursuant to Rule 24f-2, proxy materials and reports to the SEC on Forms N-SAR, N-CSR, N-Q and N-PX; (10) coordinate the Trust's audits and examinations by assisting each Fund's independent public accountants; (11) determine, in consultation with others, the jurisdictions in which shares of the Trust shall be registered or qualified for sale and facilitate such registration or qualification; (12) monitor sales of shares and ensure that the shares are properly and duly registered with the SEC; (13) monitor the calculation of performance data for the Fund; (14) prepare, or cause to be prepared, expense and financial reports; (15) prepare authorization for the payment of Trust expenses and pay, from Trust assets, all bills of the Trust; (16) provide information typically supplied in the investment company industry to companies that track or report price, performance or other information with respect to investment companies; (17) upon request, assist each Fund in the evaluation and selection of other service providers, such as independent public accountants, printers, EDGAR providers and proxy solicitors (such parties may be affiliates of GFS); and (18) perform other services, recordkeeping and assistance relating to the affairs of the Trust as the Trust may, from time to time, reasonably request.
For the administrative services rendered to the Fund by GFS, the Fund pays GFS a fee equal to the greater of a minimum fee of [$40,000 or 0.10% on the first $100 million of net assets, or 0.08% on the next $150 million of net assets, or 0.06% on net assets greater than $250 million, or 0.04% on net assets of $500 million to $1 billion, or 0.03% on net assets greater than $1 billion. The Fund also pays GFS for any out-of-pocket expenses].
GFS also provides the Fund with accounting services, including: (i) daily computation of net asset value; (ii) maintenance of security ledgers and books and records as required by the 1940 Act; (iii) production of the Fund's listing of portfolio securities and general ledger reports; (iv) reconciliation of accounting records; (v) calculation of yield and total return for the Fund; (vi) maintaining certain books and records described in Rule 31a-1 under the 1940 Act, and reconciling account information and balances among the Fund's custodian and Adviser; and (vii) monitoring and evaluating daily income and expense accruals, and sales and redemptions of shares of the Fund.
For the fund accounting services rendered to the Fund under the Agreement, the Fund pays GFS an annual fee of [$27,000 plus 0.02% on net assets of $25 million to $100 million and 0.01% on net assets greater than $100 million]. The Fund also pays GFS for any out-of-pocket expenses.
GFS also acts as transfer, dividend disbursing, and shareholder servicing agent for the Fund pursuant to the Agreement. Under the agreement, GFS is responsible for administering and performing transfer agent functions, dividend distribution, shareholder administration, and maintaining necessary records in accordance with applicable rules and regulations.
For such services rendered to the Fund under the Agreement, the Fund pays GFS a fee equal to the greater of (i) a minimum fee of [$18,000 and (ii) $16 per open account and $2.00 per closed account]. The Fund also pays GFS for any out-of-pocket expenses.
Custodian
[_____________] located at [_________] serves as the custodian of the Fund's assets pursuant to a custody agreement (the "Custody Agreement") by and between the Custodian and the Trust on behalf of the Fund. The Custodian's responsibilities include safeguarding and controlling the Fund's cash and securities, handling the receipt and delivery of securities, and collecting interest and dividends on the Fund's investments. Pursuant to the Custody Agreement, the Custodian also maintains original entry documents and books of record and general ledgers; posts cash receipts and disbursements; and records purchases and sales based upon communications from the Adviser and Sub-Adviser. The Fund may employ foreign sub-custodians that are approved by the Board to hold foreign assets.
Compliance Services
Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC ("NLCS"), located at 450 Wireless Boulevard, Hauppauge, NY 11788, an affiliate of GFS and the Distributor, provides a Chief Compliance Officer to the Trust as well as related compliance services pursuant to a consulting agreement between NLCS and the Trust.
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Fund has selected [______________] , located [__________], as its independent registered public accounting firm for the current fiscal year. The firm provides services including (i) audit of annual financial statements, and (ii) assistance and consultation in connection with SEC filings.
LEGAL COUNSEL
Thompson Hine LLP, 41 South High Street, 17th Floor Columbus, Ohio 43215 serves as the Trust's legal counsel.
DISTRIBUTOR
Northern Lights Distributors, LLC, located at 17605 Wright Street Omaha, NE 68130 (the "Distributor") serves as the principal underwriter and national distributor for the shares of the Trust pursuant to an underwriting agreement with the Trust (the "Underwriting Agreement"). The Distributor is registered as a broker-dealer under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and each state's securities laws and is a member of FINRA. The offering of the Fund's shares are continuous. The Underwriting Agreement provides that the Distributor, as agent in connection with the distribution of Fund shares, will use its best efforts to distribute the Fund's shares.
The Underwriting Agreement provides that, unless sooner terminated, it will continue in effect for two years initially and thereafter shall continue from year to year, subject to annual approval by (a) the Board or a vote of a majority of the outstanding shares, and (b) by a majority of the Trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust or of the Distributor by vote cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval.
The Underwriting Agreement may be terminated by the Fund at any time, without the payment of any penalty, by vote of a majority of the entire Board of the Trust or by vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Fund on 60 days written notice to the Distributor, or by the Distributor at any time, without the payment of any penalty, on 60 days written notice to the Fund. The Underwriting Agreement will automatically terminate in the event of its assignment.
Rule 12b-1 Plan
The Trust has adopted a Distribution Plan and Agreement pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act (the "Plan") pursuant to which the Fund is authorized to pay the Distributor, as compensation for Distributor's account maintenance services under this Plan, a distribution and shareholder servicing fee at the rate of up to 0.25% for Class A shares and Class N shares and up to 1.00% for Class C shares of the Fund's average daily net assets attributable to the relevant class. Such fees are to be paid by the Fund monthly, or at such other intervals as the Board shall determine. Such fees shall be based upon the Fund's average daily net assets during the preceding month, and shall be calculated and accrued daily. The Fund may pay fees to the Distributor at a lesser rate, as agreed upon by the Board of Trustees of the Trust and the Distributor. The Rule 12b-1 Plan authorizes payments to the Distributor as compensation for providing account maintenance services to Fund shareholders, including arranging for certain securities dealers or brokers, administrators and others ("Recipients") to provide these services and paying compensation for these services. The Fund will bear its own costs of distribution with respect to its shares. The Distributor or other entities also receive the proceeds and contingent deferred sales charges imposed on certain redemptions of shares, which are separate and apart from payments made pursuant to the Plan.
The services to be provided by Recipients may include, but are not limited to, the following: assistance in the offering and sale of Fund shares and in other aspects of the marketing of the shares to clients or prospective clients of the respective recipients; answering routine inquiries concerning the Fund; assisting in the establishment and maintenance of accounts or sub-accounts in the Fund and in processing purchase and redemption transactions; making the Fund' investment plan and shareholder services available; and providing such other information and services to investors in shares of the Fund as the Distributor or the Trust, on behalf of the Fund, may reasonably request. The distribution services shall also include any advertising and marketing services provided by or arranged by the Distributor with respect to the Fund.
The Distributor is required to provide a written report, at least quarterly to the Board of Trustees of the Trust, specifying in reasonable detail the amounts expended pursuant to the Rule 12b-1 Plan and the purposes for which such expenditures were made. Further, the Distributor will inform the Board of any Rule 12b-1 fees to be paid by the Distributor to Recipients.
The Rule 12b-1 Plan may not be amended to increase materially the amount of the Distributor's compensation to be paid by the Fund, unless such amendment is approved by the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the affected class of the Fund (as defined in the 1940 Act). All material amendments must be approved by a majority of the Board of Trustees of the Trust and a majority of the Rule 12b- 1 Trustees by votes cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on a Rule 12b-1 Plan. During the term of the Rule 12b-1 Plan, the selection and nomination of non-interested Trustees of the Trust will be committed to the discretion of current non-interested Trustees. The Distributor will preserve copies of the Rule 12b-1 Plan, any related agreements, and all reports, for a period of not less than six years from the date of such document and for at least the first two years in an easily accessible place.
Any agreement related to the Rule 12b-1 Plan will be in writing and provide that: (a) it may be terminated by the Trust or the applicable Fund at any time upon sixty days' written notice, without the payment of any penalty, by vote of a majority of the respective Rule 12b-1 Trustees, or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust or the Fund; (b) it will automatically terminate in the event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act); and (c) it will continue in effect for a period of more than one year from the date of its execution or adoption only so long as such continuance is specifically approved at least annually by a majority of the Board and a majority of the Rule 12b-1 Trustees by votes cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such agreement.
DESCRIPTION OF SHARES
Each share of beneficial interest of the Trust has one vote in the election of Trustees. Cumulative voting is not authorized for the Trust. This means that the holders of more than 50% of the shares voting for the election of Trustees can elect 100% of the Trustees if they choose to do so, and, in that event, the holders of the remaining shares will be unable to elect any Trustees.
Shareholders of the Trust and any other future series of the Trust will vote in the aggregate and not by series except as otherwise required by law or when the Board determines that the matter to be voted upon affects only the interest of the shareholders of a particular series or classes. Matters such as election of Trustees are not subject to separate voting requirements and may be acted upon by shareholders of the Trust voting without regard to series.
The Trust is authorized to issue an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest. Each share has equal dividend, distribution and liquidation rights. There are no conversion or preemptive rights applicable to any shares of the Fund. All shares issued are fully paid and non-assessable.
CODE OF ETHICS
The Trust, the Adviser and the Distributor have each adopted codes of ethics under Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act that governs the personal securities transactions of their board members, officers and employees who may have access to current trading information of the Trust. Under the code of ethics adopted by the Trust (the "Code"), the Trustees are permitted to invest in securities that may also be purchased by the Fund.
In addition, the Trust has adopted a code of ethics, which applies only to the Trust's executive officers to ensure that these officers promote professional conduct in the practice of corporate governance and management. The purpose behind these guidelines is to promote (i) honest and ethical conduct, including the ethical handling of actual or apparent conflicts of interest between personal and professional relationships; (ii) full, fair, accurate, timely, and understandable disclosure in reports and documents that a registrant files with, or submits to, the SEC and in other public communications made by the Funds; (iii) compliance with applicable governmental laws, rule and regulations; (iv) the prompt internal reporting of violations of this Code to an appropriate person or persons identified in the Code; and (v) accountability for adherence to the Code.
PROXY VOTING POLICIES
The Board has adopted Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures ("Policies") on behalf of the Trust, which delegate the responsibility for voting proxies to the Adviser or its designee, subject to the Board's continuing oversight. The Policies require that the Adviser or its designee vote proxies received in a manner consistent with the best interests of the Fund and shareholders. The Policies also require the Adviser or its designee to present to the Board, at least annually, the Adviser's Proxy Policies, or the proxy policies of the Adviser's designee, and a record of each proxy voted by the Adviser or its designee on behalf of the Fund, including a report on the resolution of all proxies identified by the Adviser as involving a conflict of interest.
Where a proxy proposal raises a material conflict between the Adviser's interests and the Fund's interests, the Adviser will resolve the conflict by voting in accordance with the policy guidelines or at the client's directive using the recommendation of an independent third party. If the third party's recommendations are not received in a timely fashion, the Adviser will abstain from voting the securities held by that client's account. A copy of the Adviser's proxy voting policies is attached hereto as Appendix A.
Information regarding how the Fund voted proxies during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 is available without charge, upon request, by calling toll free, 1-[__]-[___]-[____], by accessing the Fund's website at www.[____].com and by accessing the information on proxy voting filed by the Fund on Form N-PX on the SEC's website at www.sec.gov . In addition, a copy of the Fund's proxy voting policies and procedures are also available by calling 1-[__]-[___]-[____] and will be sent within three business days of receipt of a request.
PURCHASE, REDEMPTION AND PRICING OF FUND SHARES
Calculation of Share Price
As indicated in the Prospectus under the heading "Net Asset Value," the net asset value ("NAV") of the Fund's shares is determined by dividing the total value of the Fund's portfolio investments and other assets, less any liabilities, by the total number of shares outstanding of the Fund.
For purposes of calculating the NAV, portfolio securities and other assets for which market quotes are available are stated at market value. Market value is generally determined on the basis of last reported sales prices, or if no sales are reported, based on quotes obtained from a quotation reporting system, established market makers, or pricing services. Securities primarily traded in the NASDAQ National Market System for which market quotations are readily available shall be valued using the NASDAQ Official Closing Price ("NOCP"). If the NOCP is not available, such securities shall be valued at the last sale price on the day of valuation, or if there has been no sale on such day, at the last bid price. Certain securities or investments for which daily market quotes are not readily available may be valued, pursuant to guidelines established by the Board, with reference to other securities or indices. Short-term investments having a maturity of 60 days or less are generally valued at amortized cost. Exchange traded options, futures and options on futures are valued at the settlement price determined by the exchange. Other securities for which market quotes are not readily available are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by the Board or persons acting at their direction.
Investments initially valued in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are converted to U.S. dollars using exchange rates obtained from pricing services. As a result, the NAV of the Fund's shares may be affected by changes in the value of currencies in relation to the U.S. dollar. The value of securities traded in markets outside the United States or denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar may be affected significantly on a day that the New York Stock Exchange is closed and an investor is not able to purchase, redeem or exchange shares.
Fund shares are valued at the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (normally 4:00 p.m., Eastern time) (the "NYSE Close") on each day that the New York Stock Exchange is open. For purposes of calculating the NAV, the Fund normally uses pricing data for domestic equity securities received shortly after the NYSE Close and do not normally take into account trading, clearances or settlements that take place after the NYSE Close. Domestic fixed income and foreign securities are normally priced using data reflecting the earlier closing of the principal markets for those securities. Information that becomes known to the Fund or its agents after the NAV has been calculated on a particular day will not generally be used to retroactively adjust the price of the security or the NAV determined earlier that day.
In unusual circumstances, instead of valuing securities in the usual manner, the Fund may value securities at fair value or estimate their value as determined in good faith by the Board or their designees, pursuant to procedures approved by the Board. Fair valuation may also be used by the Board if extraordinary events occur after the close of the relevant market but prior to the NYSE Close.
The Trust expects that the holidays upon which the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") will be closed are as follows: New Year's Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, President's Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day.
Purchase of Shares
Orders for shares received by the Fund in good order prior to the close of business on the NYSE on each day during such periods that the NYSE is open for trading are priced at the public offering price, which is NAV plus any sales charge, or at net asset value per share (if no sales charges apply) computed as of the close of the regular session of trading on the NYSE. Orders received in good order after the close of the NYSE, or on a day it is not open for trading, are priced at the close of such NYSE on the next day on which it is open for trading at the next determined net asset value per share plus sales charges, if any.
Redemption of Shares
The Fund will redeem all or any portion of a shareholder's shares of the Fund when requested in accordance with the procedures set forth in the "Redemptions" section of the Prospectus. Under the 1940 Act, a shareholder's right to redeem shares and to receive payment therefore may be suspended at times:
(a) when the NYSE is closed, other than customary weekend and holiday closings; (b) when trading on that exchange is restricted for any reason; (c) when an emergency exists as a result of which disposal by the Fund of securities owned is not reasonably practicable or it is not reasonably practicable for the Fund to fairly determine the value of net assets, provided that applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (or any succeeding governmental authority) will govern as to whether the conditions prescribed in (b) or (c) exist; or (d) when the Securities and Exchange Commission by order permits a suspension of the right to redemption or a postponement of the date of payment on redemption.
In case of suspension of the right of redemption, payment of a redemption request will be made based on the net asset value next determined after the termination of the suspension.
Supporting documents in addition to those listed under "Redemptions" in the Prospectus will be required from executors, administrators, trustees, or if redemption is requested by someone other than the shareholder of record. Such documents include, but are not restricted to, stock powers, trust instruments, certificates of death, appointments as executor, certificates of corporate authority and waiver of tax required in some states when settling estates.
Redemption Fees
A redemption fee of 1% of the amount redeemed is assessed on shares that have been redeemed within 90 days of purchase.
Waivers of Redemption Fees: The Fund has elected not to impose the redemption fee for:
·
redemptions and exchanges of Fund shares acquired through the reinvestment of dividends and distributions;
·
certain types of redemptions and exchanges of Fund shares owned through participant-directed retirement plans;
·
redemptions or exchanges in discretionary asset allocation, fee based or wrap programs ("wrap programs") that are initiated by the sponsor/financial advisor as part of a periodic rebalancing;
·
redemptions or exchanges in a fee based or wrap program that are made as a result of a full withdrawal from the wrap program or as part of a systematic withdrawal plan including the Fund's systematic withdrawal plan;
·
involuntary redemptions, such as those resulting from a shareholder's failure to maintain a minimum investment in the Fund, or to pay shareholder fees; or
·
other types of redemptions as the Adviser or the Trust may determine in special situations and approved by the Fund's or the Adviser's Chief Compliance Officer.
TAX STATUS
The following discussion is general in nature and should not be regarded as an exhaustive presentation of all possible tax ramifications. All shareholders should consult a qualified tax adviser regarding their investment in the Fund.
The Fund intends to qualify as regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), which requires compliance with certain requirements concerning the sources of its income, diversification of its assets, and the amount and timing of its distributions to shareholders. Such qualification does not involve supervision of management or investment practices or policies by any government agency or bureau. By so qualifying, the Fund should not be subject to federal income or excise tax on its net investment income or net capital gain, which are distributed to shareholders in accordance with the applicable timing requirements. Net investment income and net capital gain of the Fund will be computed in accordance with Section 852 of the Code.
Net investment income is made up of dividends and interest less expenses. Net capital gain for a fiscal year is computed by taking into account any capital loss carryforward of the Fund. The Funds net realized capital gains from securities transactions will be distributed only after reducing such gains by the amount of any available capital loss carryforwards. Capital losses incurred in tax years beginning after December 22, 2010 may now be carried forward indefinitely and retain the character of the original loss. Under previously enacted laws, capital losses could be carried forward to offset any capital gains only for eight years, and carried forward as short-term capital losses, irrespective of the character of the original loss. Capital loss carryforwards are available to offset future realized capital gains. To the extent that these carryforwards are used to offset future capital gains it is probable that the amount offset will not be distributed to shareholders. Under pre-enacted laws, capital losses could be carried forward to offset any capital gains for eight years, and carried forward as short-term capital, irrespective of the character of the original loss. Capital loss carry forwards are available to offset future realized capital gains. To the extent that these carry forwards are used to offset future capital gains it is probable that the amount offset will not be distributed to shareholders.
The Fund intends to distribute all of its net investment income, any excess of net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses, and any excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses in accordance with the timing requirements imposed by the Code and therefore should not be required to pay any federal income or excise taxes. Distributions of net investment income and net capital gain will be made after the end of each fiscal year, and no later than December 31 of each year. Both types of distributions will be in shares of the Fund unless a shareholder elects to receive cash.
To be treated as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code, the Fund must also (a) derive at least 90% of its gross income from dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans, net income from certain publicly traded partnerships and gains from the sale or other disposition of securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including, but not limited to, gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to the business of investing in such securities or currencies, and (b) diversify its holdings so that, at the end of each fiscal quarter, (i) at least 50% of the market value of the Fund's assets is represented by cash, U.S. government securities and securities of other regulated investment companies, and other securities (for purposes of this calculation, generally limited in respect of any one issuer, to an amount not greater than 5% of the market value of the Fund's assets and 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer) and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of its assets is invested in the securities of (other than U.S. government securities or the securities of other regulated investment companies) any one issuer, two or more issuers which the Fund controls and which are determined to be engaged in the same or similar trades or businesses, or the securities of certain publicly traded partnerships.
If the Fund fails to qualify as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M in any fiscal year, it will be treated as a corporation for federal income tax purposes. As such, the Fund would be required to pay income taxes on its net investment income and net realized capital gains, if any, at the rates generally applicable to corporations. Shareholders of the Fund generally would not be liable for income tax on the Fund's net investment income or net realized capital gains in their individual capacities. Distributions to shareholders, whether from the Fund's net investment income or net realized capital gains, would be treated as taxable dividends to the extent of current or accumulated earnings and profits of the Fund.
The Fund is subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax on certain undistributed amounts of ordinary income and capital gain under a prescribed formula contained in Section 4982 of the Code. The formula requires payment to shareholders during a calendar year of distributions representing at least 98% of the Fund's ordinary income for the calendar year and at least 98.2% of its capital gain net income (i.e., the excess of its capital gains over capital losses) realized during the one-year period ending October 31 during such year plus 100% of any income that was neither distributed nor taxed to the Fund during the preceding calendar year. Under ordinary circumstances, the Fund expects to time its distributions so as to avoid liability for this tax.
The following discussion of tax consequences is for the general information of shareholders that are subject to tax. Shareholders that are IRAs or other qualified retirement plans are exempt from income taxation under the Code.
Distributions of taxable net investment income and the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income.
Distributions of net capital gain ("capital gain dividends") generally are taxable to shareholders as long-term capital gain, regardless of the length of time the shares of the Fund have been held by such shareholders.
A redemption of Fund shares by a shareholder will result in the recognition of taxable gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized and the shareholder's tax basis in his or her Fund shares. Such gain or loss is treated as a capital gain or loss if the shares are held as capital assets. However, any loss realized upon the redemption of shares within six months from the date of their purchase will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any amounts treated as capital gain dividends during such six-month period. All or a portion of any loss realized upon the redemption of shares may be disallowed to the extent shares are purchased (including shares acquired by means of reinvested dividends) within 30 days before or after such redemption.
Distributions of taxable net investment income and net capital gain will be taxable as described above, whether received in additional cash or shares. Shareholders electing to receive distributions in the form of additional shares will have a cost basis for federal income tax purposes in each share so received equal to the net asset value of a share on the reinvestment date.
All distributions of taxable net investment income and net capital gain, whether received in shares or in cash, must be reported by each taxable shareholder on his or her federal income tax return. Dividends or distributions declared in October, November or December as of a record date in such a month, if any, will be deemed to have been received by shareholders on December 31, if paid during January of the following year. Redemptions of shares may result in tax consequences (gain or loss) to the shareholder and are also subject to these reporting requirements.
Under the Code, the Fund will be required to report to the Internal Revenue Service all distributions of taxable income and capital gains as well as gross proceeds from the redemption or exchange of Fund shares, except in the case of certain exempt shareholders. Under the backup withholding provisions of Section 3406 of the Code, distributions of taxable net investment income and net capital gain and proceeds from the redemption or exchange of the shares of a regulated investment company may be subject to withholding of federal income tax in the case of non-exempt shareholders who fail to furnish the investment company with their taxpayer identification numbers and with required certifications regarding their status under the federal income tax law, or if the Fund is notified by the IRS or a broker that withholding is required due to an incorrect TIN or a previous failure to report taxable interest or dividends. If the withholding provisions are applicable, any such distributions and proceeds, whether taken in cash or reinvested in additional shares, will be reduced by the amounts required to be withheld.
Options, Futures, Forward Contracts and Swap Agreements
To the extent such investments are permissible for the Fund, the Fund's transactions in options, futures contracts, hedging transactions, forward contracts, straddles and foreign currencies will be subject to special tax rules (including mark-to-market, constructive sale, straddle, wash sale and short sale rules), the effect of which may be to accelerate income to the Fund, defer losses to the Fund, cause adjustments in the holding periods of the Fund's securities, convert long-term capital gains into short-term capital gains and convert short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses. These rules could therefore affect the amount, timing and character of distributions to shareholders.
To the extent such investments are permissible, certain of the Fund's hedging activities (including its transactions, if any, in foreign currencies or foreign currency-denominated instruments) are likely to produce a difference between its book income and its taxable income. If the Fund's book income exceeds its taxable income, the distribution (if any) of such excess book income will be treated as (i) a dividend to the extent of the Fund's remaining earnings and profits (including earnings and profits arising from tax-exempt income), (ii) thereafter, as a return of capital to the extent of the recipient's basis in the shares, and (iii) thereafter, as gain from the sale or exchange of a capital asset. If the Fund's book income is less than taxable income, the Fund could be required to make distributions exceeding book income to qualify as a regular investment company that is accorded special tax treatment.
Passive Foreign Investment Companies
Investment by the Fund in certain "passive foreign investment companies" ("PFICs") could subject the Fund to a U.S. federal income tax (including interest charges) on distributions received from the company or on proceeds received from the disposition of shares in the company, which tax cannot be eliminated by making distributions to Fund shareholders. However, the Fund may elect to treat a PFIC as a "qualified electing fund" ("QEF election"), in which case the Fund will be required to include its share of the company's income and net capital gains annually, regardless of whether they receives any distribution from the company.
The Fund also may make an election to mark the gains (and to a limited extent losses) in such holdings "to the market" as though it had sold and repurchased its holdings in those PFICs on the last day of the Fund's taxable year. Such gains and losses are treated as ordinary income and loss. The QEF and mark-to-market elections may accelerate the recognition of income (without the receipt of cash) and increase the amount required to be distributed for the Fund to avoid taxation. Making either of these elections therefore may require the Fund to liquidate other investments (including when it is not advantageous to do so) to meet its distribution requirement, which also may accelerate the recognition of gain and affect the Fund's total return.
Foreign Currency Transactions
The Fund's transactions in foreign currencies, foreign currency-denominated debt securities and certain foreign currency options, futures contracts and forward contracts (and similar instruments) may give rise to ordinary income or loss to the extent such income or loss results from fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency concerned.
Foreign Taxation
Income received by the Fund from sources within foreign countries may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries. Tax treaties and conventions between certain countries and the U.S. may reduce or eliminate such taxes. If more than 50% of the value of the Fund's total assets at the close of its taxable year consists of securities of foreign corporations, the Fund may be able to elect to "pass through" to the Fund's shareholders the amount of eligible foreign income and similar taxes paid by the Fund. If this election is made, a shareholder generally subject to tax will be required to include in gross income (in addition to taxable dividends actually received) his or her pro rata share of the foreign taxes paid by the Fund, and may be entitled either to deduct (as an itemized deduction) his or her pro rata share of foreign taxes in computing his or her taxable income or to use it as a foreign tax credit against his or her U.S. federal income tax liability, subject to certain limitations. In particular, a shareholder must hold his or her shares (without protection from risk of loss) on the ex-dividend date and for at least 15 more days during the 30-day period surrounding the ex-dividend date to be eligible to claim a foreign tax credit with respect to a gain dividend. No deduction for foreign taxes may be claimed by a shareholder who does not itemize deductions. Each shareholder will be notified within 60 days after the close of the Fund's taxable year whether the foreign taxes paid by the Fund will "pass through" for that year.
Generally, a credit for foreign taxes is subject to the limitation that it may not exceed the shareholder's U.S. tax attributable to his or her total foreign source taxable income. For this purpose, if the pass-through election is made, the source of the Fund's income will flow through to shareholders of the Fund. With respect to the Fund, gains from the sale of securities will be treated as derived from U.S. sources and certain currency fluctuation gains, including fluctuation gains from foreign currency-denominated debt securities, receivables and payables will be treated as ordinary income derived from U.S. sources. The limitation on the foreign tax credit is applied separately to foreign source passive income, and to certain other types of income. A shareholder may be unable to claim a credit for the full amount of his or her proportionate share of the foreign taxes paid by the Fund. The foreign tax credit can be used to offset only 90% of the revised alternative minimum tax imposed on corporations and individuals and foreign taxes generally are not deductible in computing alternative minimum taxable income.
Original Issue Discount and Pay-In-Kind Securities
Current federal tax law requires the holder of a U.S. Treasury or other fixed income zero coupon security to accrue as income each year a portion of the discount at which the security was purchased, even though the holder receives no interest payment in cash on the security during the year. In addition, pay-in-kind securities will give rise to income which is required to be distributed and is taxable even though the Fund holding the security receives no interest payment in cash on the security during the year.
Some of the debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by the Fund may be treated as debt securities that are issued originally at a discount. Generally, the amount of the original issue discount ("OID") is treated as interest income and is included in income over the term of the debt security, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, usually when the debt security matures. A portion of the OID includable in income with respect to certain high-yield corporate debt securities (including certain pay-in-kind securities) may be treated as a dividend for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Some of the debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by the Fund in the secondary market may be treated as having market discount. Generally, any gain recognized on the disposition of, and any partial payment of principal on, a debt security having market discount is treated as ordinary income to the extent the gain, or principal payment, does not exceed the "accrued market discount" on such debt security. Market discount generally accrues in equal daily installments. The Fund may make one or more of the elections applicable to debt securities having market discount, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income.
Some debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of one year or less from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by the Fund may be treated as having acquisition discount, or OID in the case of certain types of debt securities. Generally, the Fund will be required to include the acquisition discount, or OID, in income over the term of the debt security, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, usually when the debt security matures. The Fund may make one or more of the elections applicable to debt securities having acquisition discount, or OID, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income.
A fund that holds the foregoing kinds of securities may be required to pay out as an income distribution each year an amount, which is greater than the total amount of cash interest the Fund actually received. Such distributions may be made from the cash assets of the Fund or by liquidation of portfolio securities, if necessary (including when it is not advantageous to do so). The Fund may realize gains or losses from such liquidations. In the event the Fund realizes net capital gains from such transactions, its shareholders may receive a larger capital gain distribution, if any, than they would in the absence of such transactions.
Shareholders of the Fund may be subject to state and local taxes on distributions received from the Fund and on redemptions of the Fund's shares.
A brief explanation of the form and character of the distribution accompany each distribution. In January of each year the Fund issues to each shareholder a statement of the federal income tax status of all distributions.
Shareholders should consult their tax advisers about the application of federal, state and local and foreign tax law in light of their particular situation.
ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING PROGRAM
The Trust has established an Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Program (the "Program") as required by the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 ("USA PATRIOT Act"). To ensure compliance with this law, the Trust's Program provides for the development of internal practices, procedures and controls, designation of anti-money laundering compliance officers, an ongoing training program and an independent audit function to determine the effectiveness of the Program. The Trust's secretary serves as its Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Officer.
Procedures to implement the Program include, but are not limited to, determining that the Fund's Distributor and Transfer Agent have established proper anti-money laundering procedures, reporting suspicious and/or fraudulent activity and a providing a complete and thorough review of all new opening account applications. The Trust will not transact business with any person or entity whose identity cannot be adequately verified under the provisions of the USA PATRIOT Act.
As a result of the Program, the Trust may be required to "freeze" the account of a shareholder if the shareholder appears to be involved in suspicious activity or if certain account information matches information on government lists of known terrorists or other suspicious persons, or the Trust may be required to transfer the account or proceeds of the account to a governmental agency.
CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES
A principal shareholder is any person who owns (either of record or beneficially) 5% or more of the outstanding shares of a fund. A control person is one who owns, either directly or indirectly more than 25% of the voting securities of a company or acknowledges the existence of control. As of the date of this SAI, there were no principal or control shareholders as there were no shares of the Fund outstanding.
MANAGEMENT
The business of the Trust is managed under the direction of the Board in accordance with the Agreement and Declaration of Trust and the Trust's By-laws (the "Governing Documents"), which have been filed with the SEC and are available upon request. The Board consists of five individuals, all of whom are not "interested persons" (as defined under the 1940 Act) of the Trust and the Adviser ("Independent Trustees"). Pursuant to the Governing Documents of the Trust, the Trustees shall elect officers including a President, a Secretary, a Treasurer, a Principal Executive Officer and a Principal Accounting Officer. The Board retains the power to conduct, operate and carry on the business of the Trust and has the power to incur and pay any expenses, which, in the opinion of the Board, are necessary or incidental to carry out any of the Trust's purposes. The Trustees, officers, employees and agents of the Trust, when acting in such capacities, shall not be subject to any personal liability except for his or her own bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard of his or her duties.
Board Leadership Structure . The Board is led by Jerry Vincenti, who has served as the Chairman of the Board since the Trust commenced operations as an SEC-registered investment company in 2012. The Board has not appointed a Lead Independent Trustee because all Trustees are Independent Trustees. Under the Trust's Agreement and Declaration of Trust and By-Laws, the Chairman of the Board is responsible for (a) presiding at Board meetings, (b) calling special meetings on an as-needed basis, and (c) execution and administration of Trust policies, including (i) setting the agendas for Board meetings and (ii) providing information to Board members in advance of each Board meeting and between Board meetings. Generally, the Trust believes it best to have a non-executive Chairman of the Board, who together with the President (principal executive officer), are seen by our shareholders, business partners and other stakeholders as providing strong leadership. The Trust believes that its Chairman/Lead Independent Trustee, the independent chair of the Audit Committee, and, as an entity, the full Board of Trustees, provide effective leadership that is in the best interests of the Trust, its Funds and each shareholder.
Board Risk Oversight . The Board of Trustees is comprised entirely of Independent Trustees with an Audit Committee with a separate chair. The Board is responsible for overseeing risk management, and the full Board regularly engages in discussions of risk management and receives compliance reports that inform its oversight of risk management from its Chief Compliance Officer at quarterly meetings and on an ad hoc basis, when and if necessary. The Audit Committee considers financial and reporting the risk within its area of responsibilities. Generally, the Board believes that its oversight of material risks is adequately maintained through the compliance-reporting chain where the Chief Compliance Officer is the primary recipient and communicator of such risk-related information.
Trustee Qualifications . Generally, the Fund believes that each Trustee is competent to serve because of their individual overall merits including: (i) experience, (ii) qualifications, (iii) attributes and (iv) skills. Mark H. Taylor, Ph.D., CPA, has over two decades of academic experience in the accounting and auditing areas, has a Doctor of Philosophy degree in Accounting, holds Certified Public Accountant designation, is Professor of Accountancy at the Weatherhead School of Management at Case Western Reserve University, serves as a member of 3 other mutual fund boards outside of the Fund Complex, currently serves on the AICPA Auditing Standards Board, and like the other Board members, also possesses a strong understanding of the regulatory framework under which investment companies must operate based on his years of service to this Board and 2 other mutual fund boards. Mr. Jerry Vincentini is a retired business owner with decades of hands-on business experience in the academic ceremony rental market and agricultural production areas. He holds a Bachelors of Science degree in business, and currently serves on three non-profit boards. He also possesses an adequate understanding of the regulatory framework under which investment companies must operate based on his years of service to another mutual fund board of directors. Mr. Anthony M. Payne has over 30 years of business experience in financial services and gaming industries including serving as an Executive Director of Iowa West Foundation (philanthropic non-profit foundation) and Iowa West Racing Association (non-profit corporation) from 1996 to July 2008. Mr. Payne served as the President of the Council Bluffs Area Chamber of Commerce/Industrial Foundation. He also served as the Chairman of the First National Bank of Council Bluffs and serves as a director of another mutual fund. He serves as a Trustee of Goodwill Industries, Inc. Mr. Payne is a Graduate of the University of Nebraska (Lincoln) and completed further graduate work at Southern Methodist University. Mr. James Jensen has over 30 years of business experience in financial services industry including over 20 years of mutual fund board experience. Since April 2008, Mr. Jensen has served as the Chief Executive Officer of Clearwater Law & Governance Group, where he devotes full time to corporate law practice and board governance consulting for operating companies. From 2001 to 2008, Mr. Jensen co-founded and was Chairman of the Board for Intelisum, Inc., a company pursuing computer and measurement technology and products. From 1986 to 2004, Mr. Jensen held key positions with NPS Pharmaceuticals, Inc., as Vice President, Corporate Development, Legal Affairs and General Counsel and Secretary. In addition to his business experience, Mr. Jensen is Chairman of the Board of Bayhill Capital Corporation and is a Director of the University of Utah Research Foundation. Mr. Jensen was the founder and first President of the MountainWest Venture Group (now "MountainWest Capital Network") in 1983. Mr. Jensen is a member of the National Association of Corporate Governance ("NACD"). Mr. Jensen graduated with a BA degree from the University of Utah in 1967 and received degrees of Juris Doctor and Master of Business Administration from Columbia University in 1971. Mr. John V. Palancia has over 30 years of business experience in financial services industry including serving as the Director of Futures Operations for Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc. Mr. Palancia also holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Economics. He also possesses a strong understanding of risk management, balance sheet analysis and the regulatory framework under which regulated financial entities must operate based on service to Merrill Lynch. Additionally, he is well versed in the regulatory framework under which investment companies must operate based on his service as a member of 2 other fund boards. The Trust does not believe any one factor is determinative in assessing a Trustee's qualifications, but that the collective experience of each Trustee makes them each highly qualified and well versed in the regulatory framework under which investment companies must operate.
Trustees and Officers . The Trustees and officers of the Trust, together with information as to their principal business occupations during the past five years and other information, are shown below. Unless otherwise noted, the address of each Trustee and Officer is 4020 South 147th Street, Suite 2, Omaha, Nebraska 68137.
Independent Trustees
Name,
|
Position(s) Held
|
Length of Service and Term |
Principal
Occupation(s)
Years |
Number of Funds Overseen In The Fund Complex** |
Other Directorships Held During Past 5 Years |
Mark H. Taylor Born in 1964 |
Trustee, Chairman |
Indefinite / Since February 2012 |
Professor of Accountancy, Case Western Reserve University since August 2009; Professor and John P. Begley Endowed Chair in Accounting, Creighton University, 2002-2009; Member AICPA Accounting Standards Board, since December 2008. |
[102] |
Ladenburg Thalmann Alternative Strategies Fund (since June 2010); Lifetime Achievement Fund, Inc. (Director and Audit Committee Chairman) (February 2007 to April 2012). |
Jerry Vincentini Born in 1940 |
Trustee |
Indefinite / Since February 2012 |
Retired; President and Owner, Pins, Patches, Plaques Etc. Inc., since 2003; President and Owner, Graduation Supplies Inc., 1980-2008. |
[2] |
Lifetime Achievement Fund, Inc. (July 2000 to April 2012). |
Anthony M. Payne Born in 1942 |
Trustee |
Indefinite / Since February 2012 |
Retired since July 2008; Executive Director, Iowa West Foundation (philanthropic non-profit foundation) and Iowa West Racing Association (non-profit corporation) from 1996 to July 2008. |
[2] |
Lifetime Achievement Fund, Inc. (July 2000 to April 2012). |
James U. Jensen Born in 1944 |
Trustee |
Indefinite / Since February 2012 |
Chief Executive Officer, ClearWater Law & Governance Group, LLC (an operating board governance consulting company) (2008-Present); Of Counsel, Woodbury & Kesler (Law Firm, 2008-Present); Legal Consultant, Jensen Consulting (2004-2008). |
[2] |
Wasatch Funds Trust (19 Funds), 1986 to present; Bayhill Capital Corporation (telephone communications) December 2007 to present; Lifetime Achievement Fund, Inc. (February 2012 to April 2012). |
John Palancia Born in 1954 |
Trustee |
Indefinite / Since February 2012 |
Director Global Futures Operations Control, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc. (2006- December 2011). |
[102] |
Lifetime Achievement Fund, Inc. (February 2012 to April 2012) |
* The address of each Trustee and officer is c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC, 17605 Wright Street, Suite 2, Omaha, Nebraska 68130
** The "Fund Complex" includes the following registered management investment companies in addition to the Trust: Northern Lights Fund Trust, Northern Lights Fund Trust II, and Northern Lights Variable Trust.
Officers of the Trust
Name,
|
Position(s) Held
|
Length of Service and Term |
Principal Occupation(s)
|
Andrew Rogers 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, NY 11788 Born in 1969 |
President |
February 2012, indefinite |
Chief Executive Officer, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (since 2012); President and Manager, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (2006 - 2012); Formerly Manager, Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC (2006 2008); Manager (since 2006) and President (since 2004), GemCom LLC. |
Kevin E. Wolf 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, NY 11788 Born in 1969 |
Treasurer |
February 2012, indefinite |
President, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (since 2012); Director of Fund Administration, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (2006 - 2012); Vice-President, GemCom, LLC (since 2004). |
James P. Ash 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, NY 11788 Born in 1976 |
Secretary |
February 2012, indefinite |
Senior Vice President, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (since 2012); Vice President of Gemini Fund Services, LLC (2011 - 2012); Director of Legal Administration, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (2009 - 2011); Assistant Vice President of Legal Administration, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (2008 - 2011). |
William Kimme 450 Wireless Blvd. Hauppauge, NY 11788 Born in 1963 |
Chief Compliance Officer |
February 2012, indefinite |
Senior Compliance Officer, Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC (September 2001 - present); Compliance Officer, Mick & Associates (August, 2009 - September 2011); Assistant Director, FINRA (January 2000 - August 2009). |
Audit Committee. The Board has an Audit Committee that consists solely of Trustees who are not "interested persons" of the Trust within the meaning of the 1940 Act. The Audit Committee's responsibilities include: (i) recommending to the Board the selection, retention or termination of the Trust's independent auditors; (ii) reviewing with the independent auditors the scope, performance and anticipated cost of their audit; (iii) discussing with the independent auditors certain matters relating to the Trust's financial statements, including any adjustment to such financial statements recommended by such independent auditors, or any other results of any audit; (iv) reviewing on a periodic basis a formal written statement from the independent auditors with respect to their independence, discussing with the independent auditors any relationships or services disclosed in the statement that may impact the objectivity and independence of the Trust's independent auditors and recommending that the Board take appropriate action in response thereto to satisfy itself of the auditor's independence; and (v) considering the comments of the independent auditors and management's responses thereto with respect to the quality and adequacy of the Trust's accounting and financial reporting policies and practices and internal controls. The Audit Committee operates pursuant to an Audit Committee Charter. Mr. Taylor is Chairman of the Audit Committee. During the past fiscal year, the Audit Committee held [_] meetings.
Compensation of Directors . The Trust pays each Independent Trustee an annual fee of $12,000, as well as reimbursement for any reasonable expenses incurred attending the meetings, to be paid quarterly. The Audit Committee Chairman receives an additional annual fee of $2,000. In addition, the Chairman of the Board receives an additional annual fee of $2,000. No "interested persons" who serve as a Trustee of the Trust will receive any compensation for their services as Trustee. None of the executive officers receive compensation from the Trust. The table below details the amount of compensation the Trustees are estimated to receive from the Trust during the fiscal year ending December 31, 2012. The Trust does not have a bonus, profit sharing, deferred compensation, pension or retirement plan.
Name and Position |
Aggregate Compensation From Trust* |
Total Compensation From Trust and Fund Complex** Paid to Trustees |
Mark H. Taylor |
$14,000 |
$114,000 |
Jerry Vincentini |
$14,000 |
$14,000 |
Anthony M. Payne |
$12,000 |
$12,000 |
James U. Jensen |
$12,000 |
$12,000 |
John Palancia |
$12,000 |
$112,000 |
* Trustees' fees will be allocated ratably to each Fund in the Trust.
** The "Fund Complex" includes the following registered management investment companies in addition to the Trust: Northern Lights Fund Trust, Northern Lights Fund Trust II, and Northern Lights Variable Trust.
Trustees' Ownership of Shares in the Fund . As of December 31, 2011, the Trustees beneficially owned the following amounts in the Fund:
Name of Trustee |
Dollar Range of Equity Securities in the Fund |
Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities in All Registered Investment Companies Overseen by Trustee in Family of Investment Companies* |
Mark H. Taylor |
None |
None |
Jerry Vincentini |
None |
None |
Anthony M. Payne |
None |
None |
James U. Jensen |
None |
None |
John Palancia |
None |
None |
* The "Family of Investment Companies" includes the following registered management investment companies in addition to the Trust: Northern Lights Fund Trust, Northern Lights Fund Trust II, and Northern Lights Variable Trust.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The Fund has not yet commenced operations and, therefore, has not produced financial statements. Once produced, you can obtain a copy of the financial statements contained in the Fund's Annual or Semi-Annual Report without charge by calling the Fund at 1-[___]-[___]-[____].
APPENDIX A
PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
[insert Advisers proxy policies and procedures]
PART C
OTHER INFORMATION
Item 28. Exhibits.
(a) Articles of Incorporation.
(i)
Registrant's Agreement and Declaration of Trust, which was filed as an exhibit to the Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A on December 30, 2011, is incorporated by reference.
(ii)
Certificate of Trust, which was filed as an exhibit to the Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A on December 30, 2011, is incorporated by reference.
(b) By-Laws. Registrant's By-Laws, which were filed as an exhibit to the Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A on December 30, 2011, are incorporated by reference.
(c) Instruments Defining Rights of Security Holder. None other than in the Declaration of Trust and By-Laws of the Registrant.
(d) Investment Advisory Contracts.
(i)
Management Agreement for Lifetime Achievement Fund as previously filed on April 9, 2012 to the Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A.
(ii)
Form of Investment Advisory Agreement between Swan Wealth Advisors, Inc. and Registrant, with respect to the Swan Defined Risk Fund as previously filed on June 26, 2012 to the Registrants Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 6, and hereby incorporated by reference .
(iii)
Investment Advisory Agreement between Taylor Investment Advisors, LP and Registrant, with respect to the Taylor Xplor Managed Futures Strategy Fund
as previously filed on August 23
, 2012
to the Registrants Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 8, and hereby incorporated by reference
.
(iv)
Form of Sub-Advisory Agreement between Taylor Investment Advisors, LP and BlackRock Investment Management, LLC with respect to Taylor Xplor Managed Futures Strategy Fund
as previously filed on August 23
, 2012
to the Registrants Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 8, and hereby incorporated by reference
.
(v)
Investment Advisory Agreement between CARF Management, LLC and Registrant, with respect to the River Rock IV Fund to be filed by amendment .
(vi)
Investment Advisory Agreement between Footprints Asset Management & Research, Inc., and Registrant, with respect to the Footprints Discover Value Fund to be filed by amendment.
(e) Underwriting Contracts. Underwriting Agreement as previously filed on April 9, 2012 to the Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A, is incorporated by reference.
(f) Bonus or Profit Sharing Contracts. None.
(g) Custodial Agreement.
(i)
Custody Agreement
between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank is filed herewith.
(ii)
Custody Agreement between the Registrant and Union Bank, N.A. is filed herewith.
(h) Other Material Contracts.
(i)
Fund Services Agreement as previously filed on April 9, 2012 to the Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A, is incorporated by reference.
(ii)
Form of Expense Limitation Agreement between Swan Wealth Advisors, Inc. and the Registrant, with respect to the Swan Defined Risk Fund as previously filed on June 26, 2012 to the Registrants Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 6, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(iii)
Expense Limitation Agreement between CARF Management LLC and the Registrant, with respect to the River Rock IV Fund to be filed by amendment.
(iv)
Expense Limitation Agreement between Taylor Investment Advisors, LP and the Registrant, with respect to the Taylor Xplor Managed Futures Strategy Fund
as previously filed on August 2
3, 2012
to the Registrants Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 8, and hereby incorporated by reference
.
(v)
Expense Limitation Agreement between Footprints Asset Management & Research, Inc., and Registrant, with respect to the Footprints Discover Value Fund to be filed by amendment.
(i) Legal Opinion.
(i)
Legal Opinion as previously filed on June 26, 2012 to the Registrants Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 6, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(ii)
Legal Consent is filed herewith.
(j) Other Opinions. Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm to be filed by amendment.
(k) Omitted Financial Statements. None.
(l) Initial Capital Agreements. None.
(m) Rule 12b-1 Plans.
(i)
Plan of Distribution Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 as previously filed on April 9, 2012 to the Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A, and hereby incorporated by reference..
(ii)
Form of Rule 12b-1 Plan of Swan Defined Risk Fund as previously filed on June 26, 2012 to the Registrants Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 6, and hereby incorporated by reference .
(iii)
Rule 12b-1 Plan of Taylor Xplor Managed Futures Strategy Fund
as previously filed on August 2
3, 2012
to the Registrants Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 8, and hereby incorporated by reference
.
(iv)
Rule 12b-1 Plan of River Rock IV Fund to be filed by amendment.
(v)
Rule 12b-1 Plan of Footprints Discover Value Fund to be filed by amendment.
(n) Rule 18f-3 Plan. Rule 18f-3 Plan to add Taylor Xplor Managed Futures Strategy Fund was previously filed on June 18, 2012 to the Registrants Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 5, and hereby incorporated by reference. Rule 18f-3 Plan to add Footprints Discover Value Fund to be filed by amendment.
(o) Reserved.
(p) Code of Ethics.
(i)
Code of Ethics for the Trust as previously filed on April 9, 2012 to the Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A, and hereby incorporated by reference .
(ii)
Code of Ethics for Manarin Investment Counsel, Ltd. as previously filed on April 9, 2012 to the Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(iii)
Code of Ethics for Northern Lights Distributors as previously filed on April 9, 2012 to the Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A, and hereby incorporated by reference
(iv)
Code of Ethics of Swan Wealth Advisors, Inc. was filed previously filed on June 8, 2012 to the Registrants Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 4, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(v)
Code of Ethics of Taylor Investment Advisors, LP was filed previously filed on June 8, 2012 to the Registrants Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 4, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(vi)
Code of Ethics of CARF Management LLC was filed previously filed on June 18, 2012 to the Registrants Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 5, and hereby incorporated by reference.
(vii)
Code of Ethics for BlackRock, Inc.
as previously filed on August 2
3, 2012
to the Registrants Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 8, and hereby incorporated by reference
.
(viii)
Code of Ethics of Footprints Asset Management & Research, Inc.,
to be filed by amendment.
(q) Powers of Attorney. Power of Attorney for the Trust, and a certificate with respect thereto, and each trustee and executive officer, as previously filed on April 9, 2012 to the Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A, and hereby incorporated by reference.
Item 29. Control Persons. None.
Item 30. Indemnification.
Reference is made to Article VIII of the Registrant's Agreement and Declaration of Trust Instrument which is included, Section 8 of the Underwriting Agreement, Section 7 of the Custody Agreement, and Section 4 of the Fund Services Agreement. The application of these provisions is limited by the following undertaking set forth in the rules promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission:
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in such Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a trustee, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in such Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue. The Registrant may maintain a standard mutual fund and investment advisory professional and directors and officers liability policy. The policy, if maintained, would provide coverage to the Registrant, its Trustees and officers, and could cover its advisers, among others. Coverage under the policy would include losses by reason of any act, error, omission, misstatement, misleading statement, neglect or breach of duty.
The Underwriting Agreement provides that the Registrant agrees to indemnify, defend and hold Northern Lights Distributors (NLD), its several officers and directors, and any person who controls NLD within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act free and harmless from and against any and all claims, demands, liabilities and expenses (including the reasonable cost of investigating or defending such claims, demands or liabilities and any reasonable counsel fees incurred in connection therewith) which NLD, its officers and directors, or any such controlling persons, may incur under the Securities Act, the 1940 Act, or common law or otherwise, arising out of or based upon: (i) any untrue statement, or alleged untrue statement, of a material fact required to be stated in either any Registration Statement or any Prospectus, (ii) any omission, or alleged omission, to state a material fact required to be stated in any Registration Statement or any Prospectus or necessary to make the statements in any of them not misleading, (iii) the Registrants failure to maintain an effective Registration statement and Prospectus with respect to Shares of the Funds that are the subject of the claim or demand, or (iv) the Registrants failure to provide NLD with advertising or sales materials to be filed with the FINRA on a timely basis.
The Fund
Services
Agreements with Gemini Fund
Services, LLC
(GFS) provides that the Registrant agrees to indemnify and hold GFS harmless from and against any and all losses, damages, costs, charges, reasonable counsel fees, payments, expenses and liability arising out of or attributable to the Registrants refusal or failure to comply with the terms of the Agreement, or which arise out of the Registrants lack of good faith, gross negligence or willful misconduct with respect to the Registrants performance under or in connection with this Agreement.
The Consulting Agreement with Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC (NLCS) provides that the Registrant agree to indemnify and hold NLCS harmless from and against any and all losses, damages, costs, charges, reasonable counsel fees, payments, expenses and liability arising out of or attributable to the Trusts refusal or failure to comply with the terms of the Agreement, or which arise out of the Trusts lack of good faith, gross negligence or willful misconduct with respect to the Trusts performance under or in connection with the Agreement. NLCS shall not be liable for, and shall be entitled to rely upon, and may act upon information, records and reports generated by the Trust, advice of the Trust, or of counsel for the Trust and upon statements of the Trusts independent accountants, and shall be without liability for any action reasonably taken or omitted pursuant to such records and reports.
Item 31. Activities of Investment Advisor and Sub-Advisor.
Certain information pertaining to the business and other connections of each Advisor of each series of the Trust is hereby incorporated herein by reference to the section of the respective Prospectus captioned Investment Advisor and to the section of the respective Statement of Additional Information captioned Investment Advisory and Other Services. The information required by this Item 26 with respect to each director, officer or partner of each Advisor is incorporated by reference to the Advisors Uniform Application for Investment Adviser Registration (Form ADV) on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Each Advisors Form ADV may be obtained, free of charge, at the SECs website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov, and may be requested by File No. as follows:
Swan Wealth Advisors, Inc. the Advisor of the Swan Defined Risk Fund File No. 801-70881.
Taylor Investment Advisors, LP, the Advisor of the Taylor Xplor Managed Futures Strategy Fund File No. 801-61075.
BlackRock Investment Management, LLC, the Sub-Advisor of the Taylor Xplor Managed Futures Strategy Fund File No. 801-56972.
CARF Management LLC, the Adviser of the River Rock IV Fund File No. 801-76858.
Footprints Asset Management & Research, Inc., the Adviser of the Footprints Discover Value Fund File No. 801-62315
Item 32. Principal Underwriter.
(a) Northern Lights Distributors, LLC, the principal underwriter to the Trust also acts as principal underwriter for the following investment companies: AdvisorOne Funds, Arrow Investment Trust, Copeland Trust, Epiphany Funds, Equinox Funds Trust, Ladenburg Thalmann Alternative Strategies Fund, Miller Investment Trust, Mutual Fund Series Trust, Nile Capital Investment Trust, North Country Funds, Northern Lights Fund Trust, Northern Lights Fund Trust II, Northern Lights Variable Trust, Roge Partners Funds and The Saratoga Advantage Trust.
(b) Northern Lights Distributors, LLC is registered with Securities and Exchange Commission as a broker-dealer and is a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. The principal business address of Northern Lights Distributors, LLC is 17605 Wright Street, Omaha, NE 68130. To the best of Registrants knowledge, the following are the members and officers of Northern Lights Distributors, LLC:
(c) Not applicable.
Item 33. Location of Accounts and Records.
All accounts, books and documents required to be maintained by the Registrant pursuant to Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 and Rules 31a-1 through 31a-3 thereunder are maintained at the office of the Registrant, Adviser, Sub-Adviser, Principal Underwriter, Transfer Agent, Fund Accountant, Administrator and Custodian at the addresses stated in the SAI.
Swan Wealth Advisors, Inc. 277 E. Third Avenue, Unit A Durango, CO 81301, pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement with the Trust, maintains all record required pursuant to such agreement with respect to the Swan Defined Risk Fund.
Taylor Investment Advisors, LP, 100 Crescent Court, Suite 525, Dallas, TX 75201, pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement with the Trust, maintains all record required pursuant to such agreement with respect to the Taylor Xplor Managed Futures Strategy Fund.
BlackRock Investment Management, LLC, One University Square Drive, Princeton, NJ 08540, pursuant to the Sub-Advisory Agreement with the Trust, maintains all record required pursuant to such agreement with respect to the Taylor Xplor Managed Futures Strategy Fund.
CARF Management LLC, 1899 Powers Ferry Road SE, Suite 120, Atlanta, Georgia 30339, pursuant to the Advisory Agreement with the Trust, maintains all record required pursuant to such agreement with respect to the River Rock IV Fund.
Footprints Asset Management & Research, Inc., 11422 Miracle Hills Drive, Suite 208, Omaha, NE 68154 pursuant to the Advisory Agreement with the Trust, maintains all record required pursuant to such agreement with respect to the Footprints Discover Value Fund.
Item 34. Management Services. Not applicable.
Item 35. Undertakings. Not Applicable.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, the Registrant
has duly caused this Post-Effective Amendment No.
9
to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Hauppauge, State of New York, on the
27th
day of August, 2012.
Northern Lights Fund Trust III
By: Andrew Rogers*
Andrew Rogers, President
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities indicated on the dates indicated.
Name |
Title |
|
Andrew Rogers* |
President |
August
27,
|
Kevin E. Wolf* |
Treasurer |
August
27,
|
Mark H. Taylor* |
Independent Trustee |
August
27,
|
Jerry Vincentini* |
Independent Trustee |
August
27,
|
Anthony M. Payne* |
Independent Trustee |
August
27,
|
James U. Jensen* |
Independent Trustee |
August
27,
|
John Palancia* |
Independent Trustee |
August
27,
|
*By:
Date:
/s/ James P. Ash, Esq.
August
27,
2012
James P. Ash
*Attorney-in-Fact Pursuant to Powers of Attorney previously filed on April 9, 2012 to the Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A.
Exhibit Index
Exhibit |
Exhibit No. |
Legal Consent |
(i)(ii) |
Custody Agreement between the Registrant and The Huntington National |
(g)(i) |
Custody Agreement between the Registrant and Union Bank, N.A. |
(g)(ii) |
August 28, 2012
Northern Lights Fund Trust, III
450 Wireless Blvd.
Hauppauge, NY 11788
Re:
Northern Lights Fund Trust III - File Nos. 333-178833 and 811-22655
Gentlemen:
A legal opinion (the Legal Opinion) that we prepared was filed with Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Northern Lights Fund Trust III Registration Statement. We hereby give you our consent to incorporate by reference the Legal Opinion into Post-Effective Amendment No. 9 under the Securities Act of 1933 (Amendment No. 10 under the Investment Company Act of 1940) (the Amendment) and consent to all references to us in the Amendment.
Very truly yours,
/s/ THOMPSON HINE LLP
THOMPSON HINE LLP
CUSTODY AGREEMENT
THIS CUSTODY AGREEMENT (Agreement), dated as of June 7, 2012, is entered into by and between THE HUNTINGTON NATIONAL BANK, a national bank organized under the laws of the United States (the Custodian or Bank ), and NORTHERN LIGHTS FUND TRUST III, a statutory trust formed under the laws of the State of DELAWARE ( Trust ).
W I T N E S S E T H:
WHEREAS, the Custodian serves as custodian and foreign custody manager for certain of its customers; and
WHEREAS, the Trust wishes to employ Custodian to act as its custodian and as the foreign custody manager for the Trust to provide for the custody and safekeeping of the assets of the Trust as required by the Act, and to provide related services, all as provided herein, and Custodian is willing to accept such employment, subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements herein contained, the Custodian and Trust hereby agree, as follows:
Definitions: The following words and phrases, when used in this Agreement, unless the context otherwise requires, shall have the following meanings:
Act or 1940 Act shall mean the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended from time to time.
1934 Ac t shall mean the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time. Advance(s) shall mean any extension of credit by or through the Custodian or by or through any Sub-custodian and shall include, without limitation, amounts due to the Custodian or any Sub-custodian as the principal counterparty to any foreign exchange transaction with the Trust, or paid to third parties for account of the Trust or in discharge of any expense, tax or other item payable by the Trust.
Agent(s) shall have the meaning set forth in Section 8 hereof.
Applicable Law shall mean with respect to each jurisdiction, all (a) laws, statutes, treaties, regulations, guidelines (or their equivalents); (b) orders, interpretations, licenses and permits; and (c) judgments, decrees, injunctions, writs, orders and similar actions by a court of competent jurisdiction, compliance with which is required or customarily observed in such jurisdiction.
Authorized Person(s) shall mean any person, whether or not any such person is an Officer or employee of the Trust, who is duly authorized by a Trust Officer, pursuant to authority delegated by the Board of Trustees of the Trust, to give Instructions on behalf of the Trust or any Fund in accordance with Section 4 herein, as named in Appendix A attached hereto or in a certificate of a Trust Officer provided to the Custodian.
Board of Trustees shall mean the Trustees from time to time serving under the Trust's Agreement and Declaration of Trust, as from time to time amended.
Book-Entry System shall mean a federal book-entry system as provided in Subpart 0 of Treasury Circular No. 300, 31 CFR 306, in Subpart B of 31 CFT Part 350, or in such book-entry regulations of federal agencies as are substantially in the form of Subpart 0.
Clearing Corporation shall mean any entity or system established for purposes of providing securities settlement and movement and associated functions for a given market.
Delegation Schedule shall mean the 17f-5 Delegation Schedule attached hereto as Appendix E, entered into between the Custodian and the Trust or its authorized representative with respect to certain matters concerning the administration of any Investments of a Fund held outside of the United States and the appointment of Eligible Foreign Custodians under the provisions of Rule 17f-5 of the 1940 Act.
Dividend and Transfer Agent shall mean the dividend and transfer agent appointed, from time to time, pursuant to a written agreement between the dividend and transfer agent and the Trust.
Eligible Foreign Custodian shall have the meaning set forth in the 17f-5 Delegation Schedule attached hereto as Appendix E.
Foreign Financial Regulatory Authority shall have the meaning given by Section 2(a)(50) of the 1940 Act.
Fund(s ) shall mean each series of the Trust as set forth on Appendix B hereto, which automatically shall be updated to add (or delete) any series of the Trust authorized by the Board of Trustees that opens (or closes) an account with the Custodian. A series is individually referred to as a "Fund" and all series of the Trust collectively are referred to herein as the "Funds."
Instruction(s) shall mean Oral Instructions or Written Instructions. Instructions may be continuing Written Instructions when deemed appropriate by both parties.
Investment(s) shall mean any investment asset of the Trust and/or a Fund, including without limitation, Money Market Securities and Securities.
Money Market Security shall mean debt obligations issued or guaranteed as to principal and/or interest by the government of the United States or agencies or instrumentalities thereof, commercial paper, obligations (including certificates of deposit, bankers' acceptances, repurchase agreements and reverse repurchase agreements with respect to the same), and time deposits of domestic banks and thrift institutions whose deposits are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, and short-term corporate obligations where the purchase and sale of such securities normally require settlement in federal funds or their equivalent on the same day as such purchase and sale, all of which mature in not more than thirteen (13) months.
Officer shall mean the Chairman, President, Secretary, Treasurer, any Vice President, Assistant
Secretary, Assistant Treasurer or Chief Compliance Officer of the Trust.
Oral Instructions shall mean Instructions orally transmitted to and received by the Custodian from an Authorized Person (or from a person that the Custodian reasonably believes in good faith to be an Authorized Person) and confirmed by Written Instructions in such a manner that such Written Instructions are received by the Custodian on the Business Day in accordance with Section 4 herein immediately following receipt of such Oral Instructions; provided, however, the Trust agrees that the failure of the Custodian to receive such confirming instructions shall in no way affect the validity of the transactions or enforceability of the transactions executed consistent with such Oral Instructions.
Prospectus shall mean with respect to each Fund, the Fund's then currently effective prospectus and Statement of Additional Information, as filed with and declared effective from time to time by the Securities and Exchange Commission.
SEC shall mean the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
Security or Securities shall mean Money Market Securities, common stock, preferred stock, options, financial futures, bonds, notes, debentures, corporate debt securities, mortgages, bank certificates of deposit, bankers' acceptances, mortgage-backed securities or other obligations and any certificates, receipts, warrants, or other instruments or documents representing rights to receive, purchase, or subscribe for the same or evidencing or representing any other rights or interest therein, or any similar property or assets, including securities of any registered investment company, that the Custodian has the facilities to clear and to service.
Securities Depository shall mean a central or book entry system or clearing agency established under Applicable Law for purposes of recording the ownership, transfer, and/or entitlement to investment securities for a given market.
Sub-custodian(s) shall mean each Sub-custodian appointed by the Custodian pursuant to Section 8 of this Agreement or Appendix E hereto, but shall not include Securities Depositories.
Trust shall mean the business trust which is the party to this Agreement, and which is an open-end management investment company registered under the Act.
Written Instructions means communications in writing actually received by the Custodian from an Authorized Person in accordance with Section 4. A communication in writing includes a communication by facsimile or e-mail. All written communications shall be directed to the Custodian, attention: Institutional Trust Custody Group.
1. Appointment of Custodian; Acceptance. Trust hereby designates, constitutes, and appoints Custodian as custodian for all Investments and cash owned by each Fund at any time during this Agreement, and Custodian hereby accepts such appointment and agrees to perform the duties thereof as provided in this Agreement. By the execution of the 17f-5 Delegation Schedule attached hereto as Appendix E , the Trust designates the Custodian as its delegate to perform certain functions with respect to the custody of any Foreign Assets held by a Fund outside the United States. The Custodian hereby accepts such appointment and agrees to perform the duties as provided in such Appendix E.
2. Furnishing of Documents; and Representations and Warranties of Trust.
2.1 The following documents, including any amendments thereto, will be provided contemporaneously with the execution of the Agreement, to the Custodian by the Trust:
1) A copy of the Declaration of Trust of the Trust certified by the Secretary.
2) A copy of the By-Laws of the Trust certified by the Secretary.
3) A copy of the resolution of the Board of Trustees of the Trust appointing the Custodian, certified by the Secretary.
4) A copy of the then current Prospectuses.
5) A Certificate of the President and Secretary of the Trust setting forth the names and signatures of all Authorized Persons.
In addition, the Trust agrees to notify the Custodian in writing of the appointment, termination or change in appointment of any Dividend and Transfer Agent.
2. 2. Representations and Warranties of Trust : The Trust makes the following representations and warranties to Custodian:
2.2.1 The obligations of the Trust set forth in this Agreement have been authorized by the Trust's the Board of Trustees, acting as such Trustees for and on behalf of the Trust, pursuant to the authority vested in them under the laws of the State of its incorporation, the Declaration of Trust and the By-Laws of the Trust, provided, however, that this Agreement has been executed by Officers of the Trust as officers, and not individually, and the obligations contained herein are not binding upon any of the Trustees, Officers, agents or holders of shares, personally, but bind only each Fund and then only to the extent of the assets of the respective Fund.
2.2.3 Appendix A sets forth the names and the signatures of all Authorized Persons as of this date, as certified by Trust. Trust agrees to furnish to the Custodian a new Appendix A in form similar to the attached Appendix A, if any present Authorized Person ceases to be an Authorized Person or if any other or additional Authorized Persons are elected or appointed. Until such new Appendix A shall be received, the Custodian shall be fully protected in acting under the provisions of this Agreement upon Instructions or signatures of the then current Authorized Persons as set forth in the last delivered Appendix A.
2.2.3 This Agreement to the best of Trust's knowledge, does not violate any constitutive document, agreement, judgment, order or decree to which the Trust is a party or by which it is bound, including without limitation any agreement in effect pertaining to the assets which may be maintained under this Agreement.
2.2.4 By providing a Written Instruction with respect to an acquisition of an Investment in a jurisdiction other than the United States of America, a Fund shall be deemed to have confirmed to the Custodian that the Fund has (i) assessed and accepted all material Country or Sovereign Risks and accepted responsibility for their occurrence, (ii) made all determinations required to be made by the Fund under Applicable Law, and (iii) appropriately and adequately disclosed to all persons who have rights in or to such Investments, all material investment risks.
2.2.5. By providing a Written Instruction in respect of an Investment (which Written Instruction may relate to among other things, the execution of trades), the Trust hereby (i) authorizes Custodian to complete such documentation as may be reasonably required or appropriate for the execution of the Written Instruction, and agrees to be contractually bound to the terms of such documentation "as is" without recourse against Custodian; (ii) represents, warrants and covenants that Trust has accepted and agreed to comply with all Applicable Law, terms and conditions to which each Fund and/or a Fund's Investment may be bound, including without limitation, requirements imposed by the Investment prospectus or offering circular, subscription agreement, any application or other documentation relating to an Investment (e.g., compliance with suitability requirements and eligibility restrictions); (iii) acknowledges and agrees that Custodian will not be responsible for the accuracy of any information provided to Custodian by or on behalf of the Trust, or for any underlying commitment or obligation inherent to an Investment; (iv) represents, warrants and covenants that Trust will not effect any sale, transfer or disposition of Investment(s) held in Custodian's name by any means other than the issuance of an Written Instructions by the Trust to Custodian; (v) acknowledges that Money Market Securities in which the Funds invest may pay to Custodian or its affiliates certain fees (including without limitation, advisory fees, shareholder servicing and/or 12b-l fees) in respect of the Funds' investments in such Securities; (vi) represents, warrants and covenants that Trust will provide Custodian with such information as is necessary or appropriate to enable Custodian's performance pursuant to an Instruction or under this Agreement; and (vii) represents that unless otherwise disclosed to Custodian in writing, that Trust is not a "Plan" (which term includes (1) employee benefit plans that are subject to the United States ("US") Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA"), or plans, individual retirement accounts and other arrangements that are subject to Section 4975 of the US Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), (2) plans, individual retirement accounts and other arrangements that are subject to the prohibited transaction provisions of Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code, and (3) entities the underlying assets of which are considered to include "plan assets" of such plans, accounts and arrangements), or an entity purchasing shares on behalf of, or with the "plan assets" of, a Plan.
3. Representations and Warranties of Custodian.
3.1 Custodian hereby represents and warrants that it is a national bank duly organized under the laws of the United States of America and that this Agreement has been duly executed by the Custodian and to the best of Custodian's knowledge will not violate any Applicable Law or any agreement, instrument judgment order or decree which Custodian is a party or to which it is bound.
4. Instructions.
4.1 Authorized Persons. The Custodian may treat any Authorized Person as having full authority of the Trust to issue Instructions hereunder The Custodian shall be entitled to rely upon the authority of any Authorized Persons until it receives appropriate written notice from the Custodian to the contrary.
4.2 Form of Instruction. Each Instruction, other than Oral Instructions, shall be transmitted by such secured or tested e-mail as Custodian shall make available to the Trust from time to time unless the Trust shall elect to transmit such Written Instruction in accordance with Subsections (a) through (c) of this Section.
(a) Written Instructions . Written Instructions may be transmitted in a writing that bears the manual signature of an Authorized Person.
(b) Custodian Designated Secured-Transmission Method. Instructions may be transmitted through a secured or tested e-mail by the Trust or by an Authorized Person entitled to give Instruction and acknowledged and accepted by the Custodian and/or its Sub-custodian(s), it being understood that such acknowledgment shall authorize the Custodian to accept such means of delivery but shall not represent a judgment by the Custodian as to the reasonableness or security of the means utilized by the Authorized Person.
(c) Other Forms of Instruction. Instructions may also be transmitted by another means determined by the Trust or Authorized Persons and acknowledged and accepted by the Custodian and/or its Sub-custodian(s) (subject to the same limits as to acknowledgements as are contained in Subsection (b), above) including Oral Instructions, and Instructions by SWIFT, facsimile or e-mail.
When an Instruction is given by means established under Subsections (a) through (c), it shall be the responsibility of the Custodian to use reasonable care to adhere to any security or other procedures established in writing between the Custodian and the Authorized Person with respect to such means of Instruction, but the Authorized Person shall be solely responsible for determining that the particular means chosen is reasonable under the circumstances. If Oral Instructions are transmitted to and received by Custodian from an Authorized Person, Custodian may act on any such instructions which it reasonably and in good faith believes is such an Authorized Person. Oral Instructions shall be binding upon the Custodian only if and when the Custodian takes action with respect thereto. Oral Instructions shall be confirmed by Written Instructions not later than the Business Day immediately following receipt of such Oral Instructions in the manner set forth herein, provided, however, The Trust agrees that the failure of the Custodian to receive such confirming instructions shall in no way affect the validity of the transactions or enforceability of the transactions hereby authorized by the Trust. The Trust agrees that the Custodian shall incur no liability to the Trust for acting upon Oral Instructions given to the Custodian hereunder concerning such transactions. With respect to telefax instructions, the parties agree and acknowledge that receipt of legible instructions cannot be assured, that the Custodian cannot verify that authorized signatures on telefax instructions are original or properly affixed, and that the Custodian shall not be liable for losses or expenses incurred through actions taken in reliance on inaccurately stated, illegible or unauthorized telefax instructions. The provisions of Section 4A of the Uniform Commercial Code shall apply to funds transfers performed in accordance with Instructions.
4.3 Completeness and Contents of Instructions. The Authorized Person shall be responsible for assuring the adequacy and accuracy of Instructions. Particularly, upon any acquisition or disposition or other dealing in Investments and upon any delivery and transfer of any Investment or moneys, the person initiating the Instruction shall give the Custodian an Instruction with appropriate detail. If the Custodian determines that an Instruction is either unclear or incomplete, the Custodian may give prompt notice of such determination to the Trust, and the Trust shall thereupon amend or otherwise reform the Instruction. In such event, the Custodian shall have no obligation to take any action in response to the Instruction initially delivered until the redelivery of an amended or reformed Instruction.
4.4 Timeliness of Instructions. In giving an Instruction, the Trust shall take into consideration delays which may occur due to the involvement of a Sub-custodian or agent, differences in time zones, and other factors particular to a given market, exchange or issuer. When the Custodian has established specific timing requirements or deadlines with respect to particular classes of Instruction, or when an Instruction is received by the Custodian at such a time that it could not reasonably be expected to have acted on such instruction due to time zone differences or other factors beyond its reasonable control, the execution of any Instruction received by the Custodian after such deadline or at such time (including any modification or revocation of a previous Instruction) shall be at the risk of the Trust.
5 Purchase and Sale of Investments.
5.1 Delivery of Investments. During the term of this Agreement, Trust will deliver or cause to be delivered to the Custodian all Investments to be held by the Custodian for the account of any Fund. Custodian will not have any duties or responsibilities with respect to such Investments until actually received by the Custodian. The Custodian is hereby authorized by the Trust, acting on behalf of a Fund, to actually deposit any assets of the Fund in the Book-Entry System or in a Securities Depository, provided, however, that the Custodian shall be accountable to the Trust for the assets of the Fund so deposited. Assets deposited in the Book-Entry System or the Security Depository will be represented in accounts which include only assets held by the Custodian for customers, including but not limited to accounts in which the Custodian acts in a fiduciary or representative capacity. As and when received, the Custodian shall deposit to the account(s) of a Fund any and all payments for Shares of that Fund issued or sold from time to time as they are received from the Trust's distributor or Dividend and Transfer Agent or from the Trust itself. The Custodian shall not be responsible for any Securities, moneys or other assets of any Fund until actually received.
5. 1.1 Purchase of Investments . Promptly after each purchase of Investments by a Fund, the Fund shall deliver to the Custodian (i) with respect to each purchase of Investments which are not Money Market Securities, Written Instructions, and (ii) with respect to each purchase of Money Market Securities, Oral or Written Instructions, specifying with respect to each such purchase the:
1) Name of the issuer and the title of the securities;
2) Number of shares, principal amount purchased (and accrued interest, if any) or other units purchased;
3) Date of purchase and settlement;
4) Purchase price per unit;
5) Total amount payable;
6) Name of the person from whom, or the broker through which, the purchase was made;
7) Name of the person to whom such amount is payable; and
8) Name of the Fund for which the purchase was made.
The Custodian shall, against receipt of Investments purchased by or for a Fund, pay out of the moneys held for the account of such Fund the total amount specified in the Written Instructions to the person named therein. The Custodian shall not be under any obligation to pay out moneys to cover the cost of a purchase of Investments for a Fund, if in the relevant Fund custody account there is insufficient cash available to the Fund for which such purchase was made. With respect to any repurchase agreement transaction for the Funds, the Custodian shall assure that the collateral reflected on the transaction advice is received by the Custodian.
5.2. Sale of Investments . Promptly after each sale of Investments by a Fund, the Trust shall deliver to the Custodian (i) with respect to each sale of Investments which are not Money Market Securities, Written Instructions, and (ii) with respect to each sale of Money Market Securities, Oral or Written Instructions, specifying with respect to each such sale the:
1) Name of the issuer and the title of the Investments;
2) Number of shares, principal amount sold (and accrued interest, if any) or other units sold;
3) Date of sale and settlement;
4) Sale price per unit;
5) Total amount receivable;
6) Name of the person to whom, or the broker through which, the sale was made,
7) Name of the person to whom such Investments are to be delivered, and
8) Fund for which the sale was made;
The Custodian shall deliver the Investments against receipt of the total amount specified in the Instructions.
5.3 Delivery Versus Payment for Purchases and Sales. Purchases and sales of Investments effected by Custodian will be made on a delivery versus payment basis in accordance with generally accepted trade practices, or the terms of the instrument representing such Investment. The Custodian may, in its sole discretion, upon receipt of Written Instructions, elect to settle a purchase or sale transaction in some other manner, but only upon receipt of acceptable indemnification from the Fund.
5.4 Payment on Settlement Date. On contractual settlement date, the account of the Fund will be charged for all purchased Investments settling on that day, regardless of whether or not delivery is made. Likewise, on contractual settlement date, proceeds from the sale of Investments settling that day will be credited to the account of Fund, irrespective of delivery. Exceptions to contractual settlement on purchases and sales, that will continue to settle delivery versus payment, include real estate, venture capital, international trades, open-ended mutual funds, non standard depository settlements and in-kind trades.
5.5 Segregated Accounts. The Custodian shall, upon receipt of Written Instructions so directing it, establish and maintain a segregated account or accounts for and on behalf of each Fund. Cash and/or Investments may be transferred into such account or accounts for specific purposes, to-wit:
1) In accordance with the provision of any agreement among the Trust, the Custodian, and a broker-dealer registered under the 1934 Act, and also a member of the FINRA (or any futures commission merchant registered under the Commodity Exchange Act), relating to compliance with the rules of the Options Clearing Corporation and of any registered national securities exchange, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, any registered contract market, or any similar organization or organizations requiring escrow or other similar arrangements in connection with transactions by the Fund;
2) For purposes of segregating cash or Investments in connection with options purchased, sold, or written by a Fund or commodity futures contracts or options thereon purchased or sold by a Fund;
3) For the purpose of compliance by the Fund with the procedures required for reverse repurchase agreements, firm commitment agreements, standby commitment agreements, short sales, or any other securities by Act Release No. 10666, or any subsequent release or releases or rule of the SEC relating to the maintenance of segregated accounts by registered investment companies;
4)
For the purpose of segregating collateral for loans of Investments made by a Fund; and
5) For other proper corporate purposes, but only upon receipt of, in addition to Instructions, a copy of a resolution of the Board of Trustees, certified by an Officer, setting forth the purposes of such segregated account.
Each segregated account established hereunder shall be established and maintained for a single Fund only. All Instructions relating to a segregated account shall specify the Fund involved.
5.6 Advances for Settlement . Except as otherwise may be agreed upon by the parties hereto, Custodian shall not be required to comply with any Instructions to settle the purchase of any Investments on behalf of a Fund unless there is sufficient cash in the account(s) pertaining to such Fund at the time or to settle the sale of any Investments from such an account(s) unless such Investments are in deliverable form. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the purchase price of such Investments exceeds the amount of cash in the account(s) at the time of such purchase, Custodian may, in its sole discretion, advance the amount of the difference in order to settle the purchase of such Investments. The amount of any such advance shall be deemed a loan from Custodian to Trust payable on demand and bearing interest accruing from the date such loan is made up to but not including the date such loan is repaid at the rate per annum customarily charged by Custodian on similar loans.
5.7. Safekeeping of Funds' Assets. The Custodian shall not be responsible for (a) the safekeeping of Investments not delivered or that are not caused to be issued to it or its Sub-custodians, or, (b) pre-existing faults or defects in Investments that are delivered to the Custodian or its Sub-custodians. The Custodian shall hold Investments for the account of a Fund and shall segregate Investments from assets belonging to the Custodian and shall cause its Sub-custodians to segregate Investments from assets belonging to the Sub-custodian in an account held for a Fund or in an account maintained by the Sub custodian generally for non-proprietary assets of the Custodian. In the event of a loss of a Security for which loss the Custodian is responsible under the terms of this Agreement, the Custodian shall replace such Security, or in the event that such replacement cannot be effected, the Custodian shall pay to the applicable Fund the fair market value of such Investment based on the last available price as of the close of business in the relevant market on the date that a claim was first made to the Custodian with respect to such loss, or, such other lesser amount as shall be agreed by the parties.
6.
Administrative Duties of Custodian.
6.1 Duties. Custodian shall perform the following administrative duties with respect to and in connection with Investments of each Fund.
A. Segregation of Non-Cash Assets; Use of Securities Depositories. All Investments and non-cash property held by the Custodian for the account of a Fund (other than Investments maintained in a Securities Depository or Book-entry System) shall be physically segregated from other Investments and non-cash property in the possession of the Custodian (including the Investments and non-cash property of the other Funds) and shall be identified as subject to this Agreement. The Custodian may deposit and maintain Investments in any Securities Depository, either directly or through one or more Sub-custodians appointed by the Custodian. Investments held in a Securities Depository shall be held (a) subject to the agreement, rules, statement of terms and conditions or other document or conditions effective between the Securities Depository and the Custodian or the Sub-custodian, as the case may be, and (b) in an account for the Fund maintained for the non-proprietary assets of the entity holding such Investments in the Securities Depository. If market practice or the rules and regulations of the Securities Depository prevent the Custodian, the Sub-custodian or (any agent of either) from holding its client assets in such a separate account, the Custodian, the Sub-custodian or other agent shall, as appropriate, segregate such Investments for the benefit of the Fund from the assets held for the benefit of clients of the Custodian's generally on its own books.
B. Securities in Bearer and Registered Form. All Investments held which are issued or issuable only in bearer form, shall be held by the Custodian in that form; all other Investments held for a Fund may be registered in the name of the Custodian, any sub-custodian appointed in accordance with this Agreement, or the nominee of any of them. The Trust agrees to furnish to the Custodian appropriate instruments to enable the Custodian to hold, or deliver in proper form for transfer, any Investments that it may hold for the account of any Fund and which may, from time to time, be registered in the name of a Fund. Investments which are certificated may be held in registered or bearer form: (a) in the Custodian's vault; (b) in the vault of a Sub-custodian or agent of the Custodian or a Sub-custodian; or (c) in an account maintained by the Custodian, Sub-custodian or agent at a Securities Depository, all in accordance with customary market practice in the jurisdiction in which any Investments are held. Investments which are registered may be registered in the name of the Custodian, a Sub-custodian, or in the name of a Fund or a nominee for any of the foregoing, and may be held in any manner set forth in this Section 6 with or without any identification of fiduciary capacity in such registration. Investments which are represented by book entry may be so held in an account maintained by the book-entry agent on behalf of the Custodian, a Sub custodian, an Agent of the Custodian, or a Securities Depository.
C. Duties of Custodian as to Securities . Unless otherwise instructed by the Trust, with respect to all Investments held for a Fund, the Custodian shall:
1)
Collect all income due and payable with respect to such Investments;
2) Present for payment and collect amounts payable upon all Investments which may mature or be called, redeemed, or retired, or otherwise become payable;
3) Surrender interim receipts or Investments in temporary form for Securities in definitive form; and
4.) Execute, as Custodian, any necessary declarations or certificates of ownership under the Federal income tax laws or the laws or regulations of any other taxing authority, including any foreign taxing authority, now or hereafter in effect.
D. Certain Actions Upon Written Instructions. Upon receipt of a Written Instructions and not otherwise, the Custodian shall:
1) Execute and deliver to such persons as may be designated in such Written Instructions proxies, consents, authorizations, and any other instruments whereby the authority of the Trust as beneficial owner of any Investments may be exercised;
2) Deliver any Investments in exchange for other Investments or cash issued or paid in connection with the liquidation, reorganization, refinancing, merger, consolidation, or recapitalization of any corporation, or the exercise of any conversion privilege;
3) Deliver any Investments to any protective committee, reorganization committee, or other person in connection with the reorganization, refinancing, merger, consolidation, recapitalization, or sale of assets of any corporation, and receive and hold under the terms of this Agreement such certificates of deposit, interim receipts or other instruments or documents as may be issued to it to evidence such delivery;
4) Make such transfers or exchanges of the assets of any Fund and take such other steps as shall be stated in the Written Instructions to be for the purpose of effectuating any duly authorized plan of liquidation, reorganization, merger, consolidation or recapitalization of the Trust; and
5) Deliver any Securities held for any Fund to the depository agent for tender or other similar offers.
E. Custodian to Deliver Proxy Materials. The Custodian shall promptly deliver to the Trust all notices, proxy material and executed but unvoted proxies pertaining to shareholder meetings of Securities held by any Fund. The Custodian shall not vote or authorize the voting of any Securities or give any consent, waiver or approval with respect thereto unless so directed by Written Instructions.
F. Custodian to Deliver Tender Offer Information. The Custodian shall promptly deliver to the Trust all information received by the Custodian and pertaining to Securities held by any Fund with respect to tender or exchange offers, calls for redemption or purchase, or expiration of rights. If the a Fund desires to take action with respect to any tender offer, exchange offer or other similar transaction, the Fund's adviser shall notify the Custodian as promptly as possible prior to the date on which the Custodian is to take such action. A Fund's adviser will provide or cause to be provided to the Custodian all relevant information for any Investment which has unique put/option provisions as promptly as possible prior to the beginning date of the tender period.
G. Custodian to Deliver Security and Transaction Information . On each Business Day that the Federal Reserve Bank is open, the Custodian shall furnish the Trust with a detailed statement of monies held for each Fund under this Agreement and with confirmations and a summary of all transfers to or from the account of the Fund. At least monthly and from time to time, the Custodian shall furnish the Trust with a detailed statement of the Securities held for each Fund under this Agreement. Where Securities are transferred to the account of each Fund without physical delivery, the Custodian shall also identify as belonging to the Fund a quantity of Securities in a fungible bulk of Securities registered in the name of the Custodian (or its nominee) or shown on the Custodian's account on the books of the Book-Entry System or the Depository. With respect to information provided by this section, it shall not be necessary for the Custodian to provide formal Notice as described below. It shall be sufficient to communicate by such means as shall be mutually agreeable to the Trust and the Custodian.
6.2 Contractual Obligations and Similar Investments. From time to time, a Fund's assets may include Investments that are not ownership interests as may be represented by certificate (whether registered or bearer), by entry in a Securities Depository or by Book-entry Agent, registrar or similar agent for recording ownership interests in the relevant Investment. If a Fund shall at any time acquire such Investments, including without limitation deposit obligations, loan participations, repurchase agreements and derivative arrangements, the Custodian shall (a) receive and retain, to the extent the same are provided to the Custodian, confirmations or other documents evidencing the arrangement; and (b) perform on a Fund's account in accordance with the terms of the applicable arrangement, but only to the extent directed to do so by Written Instruction. The Custodian shall have no responsibility for agreements running to the Trust as to which it is not a party other than to retain, to the extent the same are provided to the Custodian, documents or copies of documents evidencing the arrangement and, in accordance with Written Instruction, to include such arrangements in reports made to the Trust.
6.3 Ownership Certificates and Disclosure of the Custodian's Interest. The Custodian is hereby authorized to execute on behalf of the Trust ownership certificates, affidavits or other disclosure required under Applicable Law or established market practice in connection with the receipt of income, capital gains or other payments by the Trust with respect to Investments, or in connection with the sale, purchase or ownership of Investments.
6.4 Declaration of Dividends . The Trust shall furnish to the Custodian a certification from a Trust Officer, acting on authority delegated by the Board of Trustees, either (i) setting forth the date of the declaration of any dividend or distribution in respect of Shares of any Fund, the date of payment thereof, the record date as of which the Fund shareholders entitled to payment shall be determined, the amount payable per share to Fund shareholders of record as of that date, and the total amount to be paid by the Dividend and Transfer Agent on the payment date, or (ii) authorizing the declaration of dividends and distributions in respect of Shares of a Fund on a daily basis and authorizing the Custodian to rely on Written Instructions setting forth the date of the declaration of any such dividend or distribution, the date of payment thereof, the record date as of which the Fund shareholders entitled to payment shall be determined, the amount payable per share to Fund shareholders of record as of that date, and the total amount to be paid by the Dividend and Transfer Agent on the payment date. On the payment date specified in the resolution or Written Instructions described above, the Custodian shall segregate such amounts from moneys held for the account of the Fund so that they are available for such payment.
6.4.1 Segregation of Redemption Proceeds. Upon receipt of Written Instructions so directing it, the Custodian shall segregate amounts necessary for the payment of redemption proceeds to be made by the Dividend and Transfer Agent from moneys held for the account of a Fund so that they are available for such payment.
6.4.2 Disbursements of Custodian . Upon receipt of a Written Instruction directing payment and setting forth the name and address of the person to whom such payment is to be made, the amount of such payment, the name of the Fund from which payment is to be made, and the purpose for which payment is to be made, the Custodian shall disburse amounts as and when directed from the assets of that Fund. The Custodian is authorized to rely on such directions and shall be under no obligation to inquire as to the propriety of such directions.
6.4.3 Payment of Custodian Fees . Upon receipt of Written Instructions directing payment, the Custodian shall disburse moneys from the assets of each Fund in payment of the Custodian's fees and expenses as provided in this Agreement. Any amounts owed or liabilities incurred by a Fund in respect of any custodial transaction, fees or otherwise under this Agreement shall be satisfied solely from assets of that Fund, and not from any other Fund.
6.4.4. Sufficient Funds for Payment . The Custodian shall not be under any obligation to pay out moneys to cover the cost of any of the foregoing payments if in the relevant Fund account there is insufficient cash available to a Fund for which such payment is to be made.
6.5 Other Dealings . The Custodian shall otherwise act as directed by Instruction, including without limitation effecting the free payments of moneys or the free delivery of Investments, provided that such Instruction shall indicate the purpose of such payment or delivery and that the Custodian shall record the party to whom the payment or delivery is made.
6.6 Nondiscretionary Details. The Custodian shall attend to all nondiscretionary details in connection with the sale or purchase or other administration of Investments, except as otherwise directed by an Instruction.
7. Cash Accounts, Deposits, Money Movements, & Borrowings.
7.1 Cash Deposits. During the term of this Agreement, Trust will deliver or cause to be delivered to Custodian all moneys to be held by the Custodian for the account of any Fund. Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Section 7, the Trust hereby authorizes the Custodian to open and maintain, with itself or with Sub-custodians, cash accounts in United States Dollars, in such other currencies as are the currencies of the countries in which a Fund maintains Investments or in such other currencies as Trust shall from time to time request by Written Instruction. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to contrary effect, each Fund shall be liable as principal for any overdrafts occurring in any of its cash accounts. Custodian shall be entitled to reverse any deposits made on Trust's or any Fund's behalf where such deposits have been entered and moneys are not finally collected within 20 days of the making of such entry.
7.1.1 Types of Accounts. Cash accounts opened on the books of the Custodian ("Principal Accounts") shall be opened in the name of the Trust, coupled with the name of such Fund. Custodian shall hold all cash received by it for the account of the Trust or any Fund in accordance with Rule 17f-3 under the Act. Such accounts collectively shall be a deposit obligation of the Custodian and shall be subject to the terms of this Section 7 and the general liability provisions contained in this Agreement. Cash accounts opened on the books of a Sub-custodian may be opened in the name of the Trust or the Sub-custodian or in the name of its Sub-custodian for its customers generally (Agency Accounts). Such deposits shall be obligations of the Sub-custodian, and shall be treated as an Investment of the Trust. Accordingly, the Custodian shall be responsible for exercising reasonable care in the administration of such accounts but shall not be liable for their repayment in the event such Sub-custodian by reason of its bankruptcy, insolvency or otherwise, fails to make repayment through no fault of the Custodian.
7.1.2 Administrative Accounts . In connection with the services provided hereunder, the Custodian is hereby directed to open cash accounts on its books and records from time to time for the purposes of receiving subscriptions and/or processing redemptions on behalf of the Trust, and/or for the purposes of aggregating, netting and/or clearing transactions (including, without limitation foreign exchange, repurchase agreements, capital stock activity, expense payment) or other administrative purposes, each on behalf of the Trust. Each such account shall be subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement and the Trust shall be liable for the satisfaction of its own obligations in connection with each such account.
7.2 Payments and Credits with Respect to the Cash Accounts . The Custodian shall make payments from or deposits to any of the cash accounts in the course of carrying out its administrative duties, including but not limited to income collection with respect to Investments, and otherwise in accordance with Instructions. The Custodian and its Sub-custodians shall be required to credit amounts to the cash accounts only when moneys are actually received in cleared funds in accordance with banking practice in the country and currency of deposit. Any credit made to any Principal or Agency Account or any other Fund account before actual receipt of cleared funds shall be provisional and may be reversed by the Custodian or its Sub-custodian in the event such payment is not actually collected. Unless otherwise specifically agreed in writing by the Custodian or any Sub-custodian, all deposits shall be payable only at the branch of the Custodian or Sub-custodian where the deposit is made or carried.
7.3 Currency and Related Risks. Each Fund bears risks of holding or transacting in any currency, including any mark to market exposure associated with a foreign exchange transaction undertaken with or through the Custodian. Neither the Custodian nor any Sub-custodian shall be liable for any loss or damage arising from the applicability of any law or regulation now or hereafter in effect, or from the occurrence of any event, which may delay or affect the transferability, convertibility or availability of any currency in the country (a) in which such Principal or Agency Accounts are maintained or (b) in which such currency is issued, and in no event shall the Custodian or any Sub-custodian be obligated to make payment of a deposit denominated in a currency during the period during which its transferability, convertibility or availability has been affected by any such law, regulation or event. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, neither the Custodian nor any Sub-custodian shall be required to repay any deposit made at a foreign branch of either the Custodian or any Sub-custodian if such branch cannot repay the deposit due to a cause for which the Custodian would not be responsible in accordance with the terms of Section 9 of this Agreement unless the Custodian or such Sub-custodian expressly agrees in writing to repay the deposit under such circumstances. All currency transactions in any account opened pursuant to this Agreement are subject to exchange control regulations of the United States and of the country where such currency is the lawful currency or where the account is maintained. Any taxes, costs, charges or fees imposed on the convertibility of a currency held by a Fund shall be for the account of such Fund.
7.4 Foreign Exchange Transactions . The Custodian shall, subject to the terms of this Section, settle foreign exchange transactions (including contracts, futures, options and options on futures) on behalf and for the account of a Fund with such currency brokers or banking institutions, including Sub-custodians, as the Trust may direct pursuant to Instructions. The obligations of the Custodian in respect of all foreign exchange transactions shall be contingent on the free, unencumbered transferability of the currency transacted on the actual settlement date of the transaction.
7.4.1
Third Party Foreign Exchange Transactions.
The Custodian shall process foreign exchange transactions (including without limitation contracts, futures, options, and options on futures), where any third party acts as principal counterparty to a Fund on the same basis, if any, that it performs duties as agent for the Trust with respect to any other of a Fund's Investments. Accordingly, the Custodian shall only be responsible for delivering or receiving currency on behalf of a Fund in respect of such contracts pursuant to Written Instructions. The Custodian shall not be responsible for the failure of any counterparty (including any Sub-custodian) in such agency transaction to perform its obligations thereunder. The Custodian (a) shall transmit cash and Written Instructions to and from the currency broker or banking institution with which a foreign exchange contract or option has been executed pursuant hereto, (b) may make free outgoing payments of cash in the form of Dollars or foreign currency without receiving confirmation of a foreign exchange contract or option or confirmation that the countervalue currency completing the foreign exchange contract has been delivered or received or that the option has been delivered or received, (c) may, in connection with cash payments made to third party currency broker/dealers for settlement of the Trust's foreign exchange spot or forward transactions, foreign exchange swap transactions and similar foreign exchange transactions, process settlements using the banking facilities selected by Custodian from time to time according to such banking facilities standard terms, and (d) shall hold all confirmations, certificates and other documents and agreements received by the Custodian and evidencing or relating to such foreign exchange transactions in safekeeping. Each Fund accepts full responsibility for its use of third-party foreign exchange dealers and for execution of said foreign exchange contracts and options and understands that such Fund shall be responsible for any and all costs and interest charges which may be incurred by the Fund or the Custodian as a result of the failure or delay of third parties to deliver foreign exchange contracts and options.
7.5 Delays . If no event of Force Majeure shall have occurred and be continuing and in the event that a delay shall have been caused by the negligence or willful misconduct of the Custodian in carrying out an Instruction to credit or transfer cash, the Custodian shall be liable to a Fund: (a) with respect to Principal Accounts, for interest to be calculated at the rate customarily paid on such deposit and currency by the Custodian on overnight deposits at the time the delay occurs for the period from the day when the transfer should have been effected until the day it is in fact effected; and, (b) with respect to Agency Accounts, for interest to be calculated at the rate customarily paid on such deposit and currency by the Sub-custodian on overnight deposits at the time the delay occurs for the period from the day when the transfer should have been effected until the day it is in fact effected.
7.6 Borrowings; Advances . In connection with any borrowings by a Fund, such Fund will cause to be delivered to the Custodian by a bank or broker requiring securities as collateral for such borrowings (including the Custodian if the borrowing is from the Custodian), a notice or undertaking in the form currently employed by such bank or broker setting forth the amount of collateral. A Fund shall promptly deliver to the Custodian Written Instructions specifying with respect to each such borrowing: (a) the name of the bank or broker, (b) the amount and terms of the borrowing, which may be set forth by incorporating by reference an attached promissory note duly endorsed by a Fund, or a loan agreement, (c) the date, and time if known, on which the loan is to be entered into, (d) the date on which the loan becomes due and payable, (e) the total amount payable to the Fund on the borrowing date, and (f) the description of the securities securing the loan, including the name of the issuer, the title and the number of shares or other units or the principal amount. The Custodian shall deliver on the borrowing date specified in the Written Instructions the required collateral against the lender's delivery of the total loan amount then payable, provided that the same conforms to that which is described in the Written Instructions. The Custodian shall deliver, in the manner directed by the Fund, such securities as additional collateral, as may be specified in Written Instructions, to secure further any borrowing transaction. A Fund shall cause all securities released from collateral status to be returned directly to the Custodian and the Custodian shall receive from time to time such return of collateral as may be tendered to it. Without limiting the foregoing, i f in connection with this Agreement the Custodian makes an advance to facilitate settlement or otherwise for the benefit of a Fund, or if such settlement results in an overdraft of the Funds account with Custodian and such overdraft or advance is not evidenced by a borrowing pursuant to the foregoing, then such Fund:
(i)
shall have no right, title or interest in or to any securities or investments purchased with such advance until such Fund reimburses Custodian for the amount of such advance or overdraft;
(ii)
acknowledge that the Custodian has an automatically perfected statutory security interest in any securities or other investments purchased with any such advance or causing such overdraft pursuant to Section 9-206 of the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in the State of Ohio from time to time;
(iii)
grants to the Custodian a lien and security interest up to the amount of such overdraft or advance in the other securities, funds, investments of such Fund in Custodians possession.
8. Domestic Sub-custodians; Securities Depositories. The Trust hereby authorizes the Custodian to utilize domestic Securities Depositories to act on behalf of the Trust and any Fund and to appoint from time to time (and at any time remove) and to utilize agents ("Agents") and sub-custodians ("Sub-custodians") to carry out some or all of the duties and obligations of Custodian under this Agreement provided, however, that the appointment of such Agents and Sub-custodians shall not relieve the Custodian of its obligations under this Agreement. The list of the Custodian's current Agents and Sub-custodians is attached hereto on Appendix C. With respect to securities and cash held by a Sub-custodian, either directly or indirectly (including by a Securities Depository), notwithstanding any provisions of this Agreement to the contrary, payment for securities purchased and delivery of securities sold may be made prior to receipt of securities or payment, respectively, and securities or payment may be received in a form, in accordance with (a) governmental regulations, (b) rules of Securities Depositories and Clearing Corporations, (c) generally accepted trade practice in the applicable local market, (d) the terms and characteristics of the particular Investment, or (e) the terms of Written Instructions. A Fund shall reimburse the Custodian for all costs incurred by the Custodian in connection with opening accounts on behalf of the Fund with any such Agents or Sub-custodians. Upon request, the Custodian shall promptly forward to the Trust any documents it receives from any Agent or Sub-custodian appointed hereunder which may assist trustees of registered investment companies to fulfill their responsibilities under the 1940 Act.
8.1 Domestic Subcustodians and Securities Depositories . The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain, either directly or through one or more Agents appointed by the Custodian, Investments of the Funds in any Securities Depository in the United States, including The Depository Trust Company, provided such Securities Depository meets applicable requirements of the Federal Reserve Trust or of the Securities and Exchange Commission. The Custodian may, at any time, appoint any bank as defined in Section 2(a)(5) of the 1940 Act meeting the requirements of a custodian under Section 17(f) of the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder to act on behalf of the Trust or the Funds as a Sub-custodian for purposes of holding Investments of a Fund in the United States.
8.2 Responsibility for Sub-Custodians . The Custodian shall be liable to the Trust for any direct loss or actual damage to the Trust caused by or resulting from the acts or omissions of any Sub-custodian to the extent that such acts or omissions would be deemed to be negligence, gross negligence or willful misconduct in accordance with the terms of the relevant Sub-Custodian agreement under the laws, circumstances and practices prevailing in the place where the act or omission occurred, provided further, however, that Custodian shall not in any event be liable for any special, incidental, consequential or punitive damages.
9.
Responsibility of Custodian.
9.1 Standard of Care . In performing its duties under this Agreement, Custodian will exercise reasonable care and will act with the care, skill, prudence and diligence under the circumstances then prevailing that a prudent expert acting in a like capacity and familiar with such matters would use in the conduct of an enterprise of a like character with like aims.
9.2 Limitations on Liability of Custodian. Except as otherwise provided herein, the Custodian shall not be liable for any loss or damage, including counsel fees, resulting from its action or omission to act or otherwise, except for any such loss or damage arising out of its negligence, willful misconduct, fraud or breach of this Agreement. The Trust, on behalf of each Fund and only from assets of the applicable Fund (or insurance purchased by the Trust with respect to its liabilities on behalf of a Fund hereunder), shall defend, indemnify and hold harmless the Custodian and its directors, officers, employees and agents with respect to any loss, claim, liability or cost (including reasonable attorneys' fees) arising or alleged to arise from or relating to the Trust's duties hereunder or any other action or inaction of the Trust or its Trustees, officers, employees or agents, except such as may arise from the negligence, willful misconduct, fraud or any breach of this Agreement by the Custodian, its directors, officers, employees or agents, provided, however, the Trust shall not in any event be liable for any special, incidental, consequential, or punitive damages. The Custodian shall defend, indemnify and hold harmless the Trust and its trustees, officers, employees or agents with respect to any loss, claim, liability or cost (including reasonable attorneys' fees) arising or alleged to arise from losses, claims, damages, costs, expenses and liabilities asserted against, imposed upon or incurred by a Fund or the Trust resulting from any negligence, willful misconduct, fraud or breach of this Agreement by the Custodian in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, except such as may arise from the negligent action, omission or willful misconduct of the Trust, its trustees, officers, employees, or agents; provided, further, however, that Custodian shall not in any event be liable for any special, incidental, consequential or punitive damages. The Custodian may, with respect to questions of law, apply for and obtain the advice and opinion of counsel to the Trust at the expense of the applicable Fund (or of its own counsel at its own expense), and shall be fully protected with respect to anything done or omitted by it in good faith in conformity with advice or opinion of counsel to the Trust, and shall be similarly protected with respect to anything done or omitted by it in good faith in conformity with the advice or opinion of its counsel, unless counsel to the Trust shall, within a reasonable time after being notified of legal advice received by the Custodian, have a differing interpretation of such question of law. The Custodian shall be liable to the Trust for any proximate loss or damage resulting from the use of the Book-Entry System or any Depository arising by reason of any negligence, misfeasance or misconduct on the part of the Custodian or any of its employees, agents, nominees or Sub-Custodians, but not for any special, incidental, consequential, or punitive damages; provided, however, that nothing contained herein shall preclude recovery by the Trust, on behalf of the Fund, of principal and of interest to the date of recovery on Investments incorrectly omitted from the Fund's account or penalties imposed on the Trust, in connection with the Fund, for any failures to deliver Securities. In any case in which one party hereto may be asked to indemnify the other or hold the other harmless, the party from whom indemnification is sought (the "Indemnifying Party") shall be advised of all pertinent facts concerning the situation in question, and the party claiming a right to indemnification (the "Indemnified Party") will use reasonable care to identify and notify the Indemnifying Party promptly concerning any situation which presents or appears to present a claim for indemnification against the Indemnifying Party. The Indemnifying Party shall have the option to defend the Indemnified Party against any claim which may be the subject of the indemnification, and in the event the Indemnifying Party so elects, such defense shall be conducted by counsel chosen by the Indemnifying Party and satisfactory to the Indemnified Party and the Indemnifying Party will so notify the Indemnified Party and thereupon such Indemnifying Party shall take over the complete defense of the claim and the Indemnifying Party shall sustain no further legal or other expenses in such situation for which indemnification has been sought under this paragraph, except the reasonable expenses of any additional counsel retained by the Indemnified Party. In no case shall any party claiming the right to indemnification confess any claim or make any compromise in any case in which the other party has been asked to indemnify such party (unless such confession or compromise is made with such other party's prior written consent). The provisions of this Section 9.1 shall survive the termination of this Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the federal and state securities laws impose liabilities under certain circumstances on persons who act in good faith, and therefore nothing in this Agreement will waive or limit any rights that the Trust may have under those laws.
9.3 Specific Actions Not Required by Custodian. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Custodian, acting in the capacity of custodian hereunder, shall be under no obligation to inquire into, and shall not be liable for:
1.
The validity of the issue of any Securities purchased by or for the account of Trust, the legality of the purchase thereof, or the propriety of the amount paid therefor;
2.
The legality of the sale of any Securities by or for the account of Trust, or the propriety of the amount for which the same are sold;
3.
The legality of the issue or sale of any Shares of any Fund, or the sufficiency of the amount to be received therefore;
4.
The legality of the redemption of any Shares of any Fund, or the propriety of the amount to be paid therefore;
5.
The legality of the declaration or payment of any dividend by Trust in respect of Shares of any Fund;
6. The legality of any borrowing by Trust or any Fund, using Securities as collateral;
7.
Whether a Fund is in compliance with the 1940 Act or the regulations thereunder; the provisions of the Trust's declaration of trust, by-laws, or other constitutive document; Applicable Law; or any directives by the trustees, directors or shareholders of any Fund, or such Fund's investment objectives and policies as then in effect.
9.4 Limitations of Performance. The Custodian shall not be responsible under this Agreement for any failure to perform its duties, and shall not be liable hereunder for any loss, claim, or damage in association with such failure to perform, for or in consequence of the following causes:
9.4.1 Force Majeure. Force Majeure shall mean any circumstance or event which is beyond the reasonable control of the Custodian, a Sub-custodian or any agent of the Custodian or a Sub custodian and which adversely affects the performance by the Custodian of its obligations hereunder, by the Sub-custodian of its obligations under its sub-custody agreement or by any other agent of the Custodian or the Sub-custodian, including any event caused by, arising out of or involving (a) an act of God, (b) accident, fire, water or wind damage or explosion, (c) any computer, system or other equipment failure or malfunction caused by any computer virus or the malfunction or failure of any communications medium, (d) any interruption of the power supply or other utility service, (e) any strike or other work stoppage, whether partial or total, (f) any delay or disruption resulting from or reflecting the occurrence of any Country or Sovereign Risk, (g) any disruption of, or suspension of trading in, the securities, commodities or foreign exchange markets, whether or not resulting from or reflecting the occurrence of any Country or Sovereign Risk, or (h) any encumbrance on the transferability of a currency or a currency position on the actual settlement date of a foreign exchange transaction, whether or not resulting from or reflecting the occurrence of any Country Risk or Sovereign Risk (each as defined below).
9.4.2
Country Risk. Country Risk shall mean, with respect to the acquisition, ownership, settlement or custody of Investments in a jurisdiction, all risks relating to, or arising in consequence of, systemic and markets factors affecting the acquisition, payment for or ownership of Investments including (a) the prevalence of crime and corruption, (b) the inaccuracy or unreliability of business and financial information, (c) the instability or volatility of banking and financial systems, or the absence or inadequacy of an infrastructure to support such systems, (d) custody and settlement infrastructure of the market in which such Investments are transacted and held, (e) the acts, omissions and operation of any Securities Depository, (f) the risk of the bankruptcy or insolvency of banking agents, counterparties to cash and securities transactions, registrars or transfer agents, and (g) the existence of market conditions which prevent the orderly execution or settlement of transactions or which affect the value of assets.
9.4.3 Sovereign Risk. Sovereign Risk shall mean, in respect of any jurisdiction, including the United States of America, where an Investment is acquired or held hereunder or under a sub custody agreement, (a) any act of war, terrorism, riot, insurrection or civil commotion, (b) the imposition of any investment, repatriation or exchange control restrictions by any Governmental Authority, (c) the confiscation, expropriation or nationalization of any Investment or cash deposit by any Governmental Authority, whether de facto or de jure, (d) any devaluation or revaluation of the currency, (e) the imposition of taxes, levies or other charges affecting Investments or cash deposits, (f) any change in the Applicable Law, or (g) any other economic or political risk incurred or experienced.
9.4.4 Failure of Third Parties. The failure of the following third parties: (a) any issuer of Investments or Book-entry Agent or other agent of an issuer; (b) any counterparty with respect to any Investment, including any issuer of exchange-traded or other futures, option, derivative or commodities contract; (c) failure of an investment adviser of a Fund; or (d) failure of other third parties (that are not an affiliate or Agent of the Custodian) similarly beyond the control or choice of the Custodian.
9.4.5 Information Sources . Reliance by Custodian upon or inaccuracies in information received from issuers of Investments or agents of such issuers, information received from Sub custodians and from other commercially reasonable sources provided that the Custodian has relied upon such information in good faith, or for the failure of any commercially reasonable information provider.
9.4.6 Reliance on Instruction . Action by the Custodian or the Sub-custodian in accordance with an Instruction.
9.4.7 Restricted Securities. The limitations inherent in the rights, transferability or similar investment characteristics of a given Investment of the Trust.
9.5 No Duty to Collect Amounts Due From Dividend and Transfer Agent. The Custodian shall not be under any duty or obligation to take action to effect collection of any amount due to the Trust from any Dividend and Transfer Agent of the Trust nor to take any action to effect payment or distribution by any Dividend and Transfer Agent of the Trust of any amount paid by the Custodian to any Dividend and Transfer Agent of the Trust in accordance with this Agreement.
9.6 No Enforcement Actions . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, Custodian shall not be under any duty or obligation to· take action, by legal means or otherwise, to effect collection of any amount, if the Investment upon which such amount is payable is/are in default, or if payment is refused after due demand or presentation, unless and until (i) it shall be directed to take such action by Written Instructions and (ii) it shall be assured to its satisfaction (including prepayment thereof) of reimbursement of its costs and expenses in connection with any such action.
9.7 No Duty to Supervise Investments . Custodian shall not be under any duty or obligation to ascertain whether any Investments at any time delivered to or held by it for the account of a Fund are such as properly may be held by the Fund under the provisions of the Trust's declaration of trust and the Trust's By-laws.
9.8 Compensation of Custodian. The Custodian shall be entitled to receive and the Trust agrees to pay to the Custodian, for each Fund's account from the Fund's assets only, such compensation as shall be determined pursuant to Appendix D attached hereto, or as shall be determined pursuant to amendments to Appendix D as approved by the Custodian and the Trust. The Custodian shall be entitled to charge against any money held by it for the accounts of a Fund the amount of any loss, damage, liability or expense (including but not limited to counsel fees, the expenses of Agents or Sub-Custodians incurred in settling transactions involving the purchase and sale of Investments of a Fund) for which it shall be entitled to reimbursement under the provisions of this Agreement as determined by agreement of the Custodian and the Trust or by the final order of any arbitrator having jurisdiction and as to which all rights of appeal shall have expired.
10. Reports and Records.
10. 1. Provision of Records to Trust . The Custodian shall:
10.1.1 Internal Accounting and Control Systems . Make available to the Trust and shall send to the Trust any report received on the systems of internal accounting control of Custodian or its Agents or Sub-custodians as the Trust may reasonably request from time to time, subject, however, to all reasonable security requirements of the Custodian then applicable to the records of its custody customers generally.
10.1.2 Books and Records Generally . Make available to the Trust, its auditors, agents and employees, upon reasonable request and during normal business hours of the Custodian, all records maintained by the Custodian pursuant to its obligations under this Agreement. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Custodian shall set up and maintain proper books of account and complete records of all transactions in the accounts maintained by the Custodian hereunder in such manner as will meet the obligations of the Fund under the Act, with particular attention to Section 31 thereof and Rules 31a-1 and 31a-2 thereunder and those records are the property of the Trust, (ii) preserve for the periods prescribed by applicable Federal statute or regulation all records required to be so preserved. All such books and records shall be available, upon request, for inspection by duly authorized officers, employees or agents of the Trust and employees of the SEC.
10.1.3 Assistance to Trust . Take all reasonable action, that the Trust may from time to time request, to assist the Trust in obtaining favorable opinions from the Trust's independent accountants, with respect to the Custodian's activities hereunder, in connection with the preparation of each Fund's Form N- IA, Form N-SAR, or other annual reports to the SEC.
10.2 Review of Records. The Trust shall examine all records, however produced or transmitted, promptly upon receipt thereof and notify the Custodian of any discrepancy or error therein promptly upon discovery. Absent manifest error, unless the Trust delivers written notice of any such discrepancy or error within a reasonable time after its receipt thereof, such records shall be deemed to be accurate.
10.3 No Management of Assets by Custodian . The Custodian performs only the services of a custodian and shall have no responsibility for the management, investment or reinvestment of the Securities or other assets from time to time owned by any Fund. The Custodian is not a selling agent for Shares of any Fund and performance of its duties as custodian shall not be deemed to be a recommendation to any Fund's depositors or others of Shares of the Fund as an investment. The Custodian shall have no duties or obligations whatsoever except such duties and obligations as are specifically set forth in this Agreement, and no covenant or obligation shall be implied in this Agreement against the Custodian.
11. Miscellaneous.
11.1 Powers of Attorney . The Trust will promptly execute and deliver, upon request, such proxies, powers of attorney or other instruments as may be necessary or desirable for the Custodian to provide, or to cause any Sub-custodian to provide, custody services under this Agreement.
11.2 Entire Agreement. This Agreement and the exhibits and/or other schedules attached· hereto, including the 17f-5 Delegation Schedule, constitutes the entire agreement between the Trust and the Custodian and supersedes any other oral or written agreements heretofore in effect between the Trust and the Custodian with respect to the subject matter hereof. No provision of this Agreement may be amended or terminated except by an instrument in writing signed by the party against which enforcement of the amendment or termination is sought, provided, however, that an Written Instruction shall, whether or not such Written Instruction shall constitute a waiver, amendment or modification for purposes hereof, be deemed to have been accepted by the Custodian when it commences actions pursuant thereto or in accordance therewith.
11.3 Binding Effect; Assignment . This Agreement shall extend to and shall be binding upon the parties hereto, and their respective successors and assigns; provided, however, that this Agreement shall not be assignable by the Trust or by the Custodian, and no attempted assignment by the Trust or the Custodian shall be effective without the written consent of the other party hereto. Each party agrees that only the parties to this agreement and /or their successors in interest shall have a right to enforce the terms of this Agreement. Accordingly, shareholder of any Fund or other third party shall have any rights under this Agreement and such rights are explicitly disclaimed by the parties.
11.4 G overning Law . This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with, and be governed by the laws of, the State of Ohio, without giving effect to the conflicts of law of such state.
11.5 Dispute Resolution.
11.5.1 Mediation. The parties agree that it is in their mutual interest to resolve disputes by agreement. Should a dispute arise between the parties arising out of this Agreement, or performance under this Agreement, or the relationship contemplated by this Agreement, the parties first agree to use the following procedure:
A
The aggrieved party shall send a written notice to the other party describing the dispute and within ten (10) business days after receipt of such notice, a meeting, teleconference or videoconference, upon agreement of the interested parties, shall be held between those parties, attended by individuals with decision-making authority regarding the dispute, to attempt in good faith to negotiate a resolution of the dispute.
B. If, within twenty (20) days after such meeting, the parties have not succeeded in negotiating a resolution of the dispute, they may jointly appoint a mutually acceptable neutral person, not affiliated with either party, to act as a mediator and the parties may then pursue mediation in good faith and in a timely manner. In the event the mediation does not result in resolution of the dispute within thirty (30) days following appointment of the mediator, then any interested party may immediately seek arbitration.
11.5.2 Arbitration . In the event of any dispute concerning or arising out of this Agreement, such dispute shall be submitted by the parties to arbitration subject to the laws of the state of Ohio Arbitration proceedings may be commenced by either party in the city of Indianapolis, Indiana, after giving the other party notice thereof and proceeding thereafter in accordance with the rules of the American Arbitration Association. Any such arbitration shall be governed by and subject to the applicable substantive laws of the State of Ohio and the then prevailing commercial arbitration rules of the American Arbitration Association; provided, however, that the arbitrators shall be required to render a reasoned award stating with particularity the grounds for their decision and further provided that the arbitrators shall have no authority to award punitive, exemplary or other extraordinary damages. the parties hereby waive all rights to obtain punitive damages in connection with any dispute arising under this agreement. the arbitrator's award in any such arbitration shall be final and binding, and judgment upon such award may be enforced by any court of competent jurisdiction, subject only to vacation or modification as permitted by law.
11.6 Notices. Notices and other writings contemplated by this Agreement, other than Instructions, shall be delivered (a) by hand, (b) by first class registered or certified mail, postage prepaid, return receipt requested, (c) by a nationally recognized overnight courier, delivery charge prepaid, or (d) by facsimile transmission, provided that any notice or other writing sent by facsimile transmission shall also be mailed, postage prepaid, or by overnight courier delivery charge prepaid, to the party to whom such notice is addressed. All such notices shall be addressed, as follows:
If to Trust:
Northern Lights Fund Trust III
450 Wireless Blvd
Hauppauge, NY 11788
Attn: Andrew Rogers, President
Telephone:
631-470-2600
Facsimile
631-951-0573
If to Custodian:
HUNTINGTON NATIONAL BANK
7 East Oval, EA4E62
Columbus, OH 43219
ATTN: Kevin Speert, Vice President
Telephone: Facsimile
614-331-9838
614-331-5845
or such other address as the Trust or Custodian may have designated in writing to the other. Such Notice shall be deemed received when delivered if by hand or by facsimile transmission, on the third business day after mailing if sent by registered or certified mail, and on the next business day if sent by overnight courier.
11.7
Headings. The headings of paragraphs in this Agreement are for convenience of reference only and shall not affect the meaning or construction of any provision of this Agreement.
11.8 Severability . In the event any provision of this Agreement is determined to be void or unenforceable, such determination shall not affect the remainder of this Agreement, which shall continue to be in force.
11.9 Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but each such counterpart shall, together, constitute only one instrument.. This Agreement shall become effective when one or more counterparts have been signed and delivered by the Trust and the Custodian. A photocopy or telefax of the signed signature page to the Agreement shall be acceptable evidence of the existence of the Agreement and the Custodian shall be protected in relying on such photocopy or telefax until the Custodian has received the original signed copy of the Agreement.
11.10 Confidentiality. The parties hereto agree that each shall treat confidentially the terms and conditions of this Agreement and all information provided by each party to the other regarding its business and operations. All confidential information provided by a party hereto shall be used by any other party hereto solely for the purpose of rendering or obtaining services pursuant to this Agreement and, except as may be required in carrying out this Agreement, shall not be disclosed to any third party without the prior consent of such providing party. The foregoing shall not be applicable to any information that is publicly available when provided or thereafter becomes publicly available other than through a breach of this Agreement, or that is required to be disclosed by or to any SEC staff examiner of the Trust or bank examiner of the Custodian or any Sub-custodian, any regulatory authority, any auditor of the parties hereto, any SEC Form N-1A filing or other required filing under the 1940 Act, or by judicial or administrative process or otherwise by Applicable Law.
11.11 Tape-recording . The Trust authorizes the Custodian to tape record any and all telephonic or other Oral Instructions given to the Custodian by or on behalf of the Trust, including from any Authorized Person. This authorization will remain in effect until and unless revoked by the Trust in writing.
11.12 Termination . Either party hereto may terminate this Agreement for any reason by giving to the other party a notice in writing specifying the date of such termination, which shall be not less than ninety (90) days after the date of giving of such notice. If such notice is given by the Trust, it shall be accompanied by a copy of a resolution of the Board of Trustees of the Trust, certified by the Secretary of the Trust, electing to terminate this Agreement and designating a successor custodian or custodians each of which shall be a bank or trust company having not less than $100,000,000 aggregate capital, surplus, and undivided profits. In the event such notice is given by the Custodian, the Trust shall, on or before the termination date, deliver to the Custodian a copy of a resolution of the Board of Trustees of the Trust, certified by the Secretary, designating a successor custodian or custodians to act on behalf of the Trust. In the absence of such designation by the Trust, the Custodian may designate a successor custodian which shall be a bank or trust company having not less than $100,000,000 aggregate capital, surplus, and undivided profits. Upon the date set forth in such notice this Agreement shall terminate, and the Custodian, provided that it has received a notice of acceptance by the successor custodian, shall deliver, on that date, directly to the successor custodian all Securities and monies then owned by the Funds and held by it as Custodian. Upon termination of this Agreement, the Trust shall pay to the Custodian on behalf of the Trust such compensation as may be due as of the date of such termination.
11.13 Failure to Designate Successor Custodian. If a successor custodian is not designated by the Trust, or by the Custodian in accordance with the preceding paragraph, or the designated successor cannot or will not serve, the Trust shall, upon the delivery by the Custodian to the Trust of all Securities (other than Securities held in the Book-Entry System which cannot be delivered to the Trust) and moneys then owned by the Trust, be deemed to be the custodian for the Trust, and the Custodian shall thereby be relieved of all duties and responsibilities pursuant to this Agreement, other than the duty with respect to Securities held in the Book-Entry System, which cannot be delivered to the Trust, which shall be held by the Custodian in accordance with this Agreement.
11.14 Limitation of Liability : Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, this Agreement shall constitute and shall be construed as a separate agreement between Custodian, on the one hand, and Trust, separately on behalf of each of Fund, on the other hand. Each obligation of a Fund shall constitute the obligation solely of that Fund, and shall not constitute the obligation of, or a joint obligation with, any other Fund or any other person. No recourse under any obligation of this Agreement or for any claim based thereon shall be had against any organizer, shareholder, officer, trustee, past, present or future as such, of the Trust or of any predecessor or successor, either directly or through the Trust or any such predecessor or successor, whether by virtue of any constitution, statute or rule of law or equity, or by the enforcement of any assessment or penalty or otherwise; it being expressly agreed and understood that this Agreement and the obligations thereunder are enforceable solely against the assets of each Fund, and that no such personal liability whatever shall attach to, or is or shall be incurred by, the Trust, Fund shareholders, officers, or trustees of the Trust or of any predecessor or successor, or any of them as such, because of the obligations contained in this Agreement or implied therefrom and that any and all such liability is hereby expressly waived and released by the Custodian as a condition of, and as a consideration for, the execution of this Agreement.
11.15 Non-Public Information :
The Trust and Custodian hereby acknowledge that the Trust may disclose shareholder non-public personal information ("NPI") to the Custodian as agent to the Trust and solely in furtherance of fulfilling the Custodian's contractual obligations under the Agreement in the ordinary course of business to support the Trust and the Funds' shareholders. The Custodian hereby agrees to be bound to use and redisclose such NPI only for the limited purpose of fulfilling its duties and obligations under the Agreement, for law enforcement and miscellaneous purposes as permitted by applicable law, or in connection with joint marketing arrangements that the Trust may establish with the Custodian in accordance with the limited exception set forth in applicable law. The Custodian further represents and warrants that as required by applicable law, it has implemented, and will continue to carry out for the term of the Agreement, policies and procedures reasonably designed to:
insure the security and confidentiality of records and NPI of customer records,
protect against any anticipated threats or hazards to the security or integrity of customer records and NPI and
protect against unauthorized access to or use of such customer records or NPI that could result in substantial harm or inconvenience to any customer.
The Custodian is obligated to maintain beyond the termination date of the Agreement the confidentiality of any NPI it receives from the Trust in connection with the Agreement, and hereby agrees that this section shall survive termination of the Agreement.
Balance of Page Left Blank Intentionally.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the parties hereto has caused this Agreement to be duly executed as of the date first above written.
Trust
Custodian
NORTHERN LIGHTS FUND TRUST III
THE HUNTINGTON NATIONAL BANK
By: /s/ Andrew Rogers |
By: /s/ Kevin Speert |
|
Name: Andrew Rogers |
Name: Kevin Speert |
|
Title: President |
Title: Vice President |
GLOBAL CUSTODY AGREEMENT
For Foreign and Domestic Securities
This Custodian Agreement (Agreement) is made as of May 30, 2012 by and
between Northern Lights Fund Trust III
("Principal") and Union Bank, N.A. ("Custodian").
WHEREAS , the Custodian is a bank meeting the qualifications required by Section 17(f)(1) of the Act to act as custodian of the portfolio securities and other assets of investment companies; and
WHEREAS , Principal wishes to retain the Custodian to act as custodian of its portfolio securities and other assets, and the Custodian has indicated its willingness to so act;
NOW, THEREFORE , in consideration of the promises and mutual covenants herein contained, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereto agree as follows:
1. DEFINITIONS Certain terms used in this Agreement are defined as follows:
1.1 " Account" means, collectively, each account maintained by Custodian on behalf of Principal pursuant to Paragraph 4 of this Agreement.
1.2 "Act " means the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the rules and regulations adopted by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") thereunder, including §270.17f-4, §270.17f-5 and §270.17f-7, all as may be amended from time to time.
1.3 Board means the Board of Trustees or the Board of Directors of Principal.
1.4 Depository means both any securities depository within the meaning of §270.17f-4 of the Act and any Eligible Securities Depository
1.5 "Eligible Foreign Custodian " means an entity that is incorporated or organized under the laws of a country other than the United States and that is a Qualified Foreign Bank, as defined in §270.17f-5(a)(5) of the Act.
1.6 "Eligible Securities Depository ", ("Depository", or collectively "Depositories") means a system for the central handling of securities as defined in §270.17f-7(b)(1) of the Act.
1.7 Emerging Market means each market so identified in Appendix A attached hereto.
1.8 Foreign Account means an Account in which Foreign Currencies or Securities are held by the Custodian for the benefit of clients whether in comingled accounts or accounts designated for each beneficiary owner as is required under the regulatory jurisdiction where the Foreign Account is established.
1.9 Foreign Assets has the meaning provided in §270.17f-5(a)(2) of the Act.
1.10 Foreign Currency (Currencies) means any currency or any composite currency unit issued by a government or entity other than the United States Department of Treasury.
1.11 Foreign Market means each market so identified in Appendix A attached hereto.
1.12 Global Sub-Agent Network (Sub-Agent Network or Sub-Agents) means the countries and markets where Eligible Foreign Sub-Custodians and Eligible Foreign Depositories are maintained by Custodian.
1.13 "Governing Documents " means, with respect to each of the portfolios, (i) the declaration of trust or other constituting document of the Principal of which the portfolio is a series or portfolio, (ii) the currently effective prospectus under the Securities Act, (ii) the most recent statement of additional information, and (iii) a certified copy of the Board approving the engagement of the Custodian to act as custodian of the Securities.
1.14 "Investment Manager " or Manager means an investment advisor or manager identified by Principal in a written notice to Custodian as having the authority to direct Custodian regarding the management, acquisition, or disposition of Securities.
1.15 Monitoring System means the policies and procedures established by Custodian to fulfill its duties to monitor the custody risks associated with maintaining Securities with a Sub-Custodian or Depository on a continuing basis, pursuant to this Agreement.
1.16 "Securities " means securities as defined in §2(a)(36) of the Act together with cash or any currency or other property of Principal and all income and proceeds of sale of such securities or other property of Principal that are held by Custodian in the Account.
1.17 Securities Act means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
1.18 Sub-Custodian means an entity, including an Eligible Foreign Custodian, which Custodian retains to hold Securities.
2. APPOINTMENT
2.1 Principal hereby appoints the Custodian as the custodian of the Securities of each of its Portfolios.
2.2 Principal has provided the Custodian with a copy of its Governing Documents, and will provide the Custodian with a copy of amendments, supplements and modifications thereof from time to time.
2.3 The Custodian hereby accepts appointment as custodian of the Securities of Principal and agrees to perform the duties of such custodian in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement.
3. REPRESENTATIONS AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
3.1 Power to Enter Agreement. Principal represents that, with respect to the Account, Principal is authorized to enter into this Agreement and to retain Custodian on the terms and conditions and for the purposes described herein.
3.2 Foreign Custody Manager. The custodian agrees to serve as Principals Foreign Custody Manager as defined in Rule §270.17f-5(a)(3) of the Act, in respect of Principals Foreign Assets held from time to time by the Custodian with any Sub-Custodian that is an Eligible Foreign Custodian or with any Eligible Securities Depository.
3.3 Custodians Sub-Agent Network. Principal hereby acknowledges receiving appropriate notice of Custodian's selection of the use of those Eligible Foreign Custodians and Eligible Securities Depositories that are identified in Appendix A of this Agreement.
4. ESTABLISHMENT OF ACCOUNT
Custodian shall open and maintain a separate Account or Accounts in the name of Principal and shall hold in such Account or Accounts, subject to the provisions hereof, all Securities received by it from or for the Account of the Principal. Custodian, in its sole discretion, may reasonably refuse to accept any property now or hereafter delivered to it for inclusion in the Account. Principal shall be notified promptly of such refusal and any such property shall be immediately returned to Principal. Custodian shall be under no duty to take any action hereunder on behalf of the Principal except as specifically set forth herein or as may be specifically agreed to by Custodian and the Principal in a written amendment hereto.
5. CUSTODY AND REGISTRATION
Custodian may (i) maintain possession of all or any portion of the Securities, including possession in a foreign branch or other office of Custodian; or (ii) retain, in accordance with this Paragraph 5 and Paragraph 6 of this Agreement, one or more Sub-Custodians to hold all or any portion of the Securities. Custodian and any Sub-Custodian may, in accordance with this Paragraph 5 and Paragraph 6 of this Agreement, deposit definitive or book-entry Securities with one or more Depositories.
5.1 Identification of Securities. Custodian shall ensure the Securities are at all times properly identified as being held for the appropriate Account. Custodian shall segregate physically the Securities from other securities owned by Custodian. Custodian shall not be required to segregate physically Securities held from other securities or property held by Custodian for third parties as custodian or other representative capacity, but Custodian shall maintain adequate records showing the true ownership of the Securities.
5.2 Use of Depositories and Sub-Custodians. Custodian may, in its discretion, deposit any Securities which, under applicable law, are eligible to be so deposited in a Depository or Sub-Custodian account. Securities and Foreign Currencies held by a Sub-Custodian or Depository will be held subject to the rules, terms and conditions of such securities markets or securities depositories. If Custodian deposits Securities with a Sub-Custodian or Depository, Custodian shall maintain adequate records showing the identity and location of the Sub-Custodian or Depository, the Securities held by the Sub-Custodian or Depository and each account to which such Securities belong. With respect to Securities that are held for Custodian or any Sub-Custodian at a Depository, as defined in of §270.17f-4 of the Act, Custodian shall satisfy or cause the Sub-Custodian to satisfy the requirements of §270.17f-4 of the Act.
5.3 Use of Nominees. Custodian shall have the right to hold or cause to be held all Securities in the name of the Custodian, or for any Sub-Custodian or Depository, or in the name of a nominee of any of them as Custodian shall determine to be appropriate under the circumstances.
5.4 Foreign Currency Deposits. The Custodian may in accordance with customary practices hold any currency in which any cash is denominated on deposit , and effect transaction relating thereto, through an account with an affiliate of Union Bank, or Sub-Custodian or Depository in the country where such currency is the lawful currency or in other countries where such currency may be lawfully held on deposit.
5.5 Transferability and Convertibility of Currency. Custodian shall have no liability for any loss or damage arising from the applicability of any law or regulation now or hereafter in effect, or from the occurrence of any event, which may affect the transferability, convertibility, or availability of any currency in the countries where such Foreign Accounts are maintained and in no event shall Custodian be obligated to substitute another currency for a currency whose transferability, convertibility, or availability has been affected by such law, regulation or event . To the extent that any such law, regulation or event imposes a cost or charge upon Custodian in relation to the transferability, convertibility, or availability of any such currency, such cost or charge shall be for the Account.
5.6 Delivery of Securities. If Principal or Investment Manager directs Custodian to deliver assets, certificates or other physical evidence of ownership of Securities to any broker or other party, other than a Sub-Custodian or Depository employed by Custodian for purposes of maintaining the Account, Custodians sole responsibility shall be to exercise care and diligence in effecting the delivery as instructed by Principal or Manager. Upon completion of the delivery, Custodian shall be discharged completely of any further liability or responsibility with respect to the safekeeping and custody of Securities so delivered.
5.7 Transferability of Securities. Except as otherwise provided under this Agreement or as the parties may otherwise agree, Custodian shall ensure that (i) the Securities will not be subject to any right, charge, security interest, lien, or claim of any kind in favor of Custodian or any Sub-Custodian or any person claiming through any of them except for Custodian's expenses relating to the Securities' safe custody or administration or other services made available under contractual agreements to Account by Custodian, and in the case of cash deposits at an Eligible Foreign Custodian, liens or rights in favor of the creditors of the Eligible Foreign Custodian arising under bankruptcy, insolvency, or similar laws, and (ii) the beneficial ownership of the Securities will be freely transferable without the payment of money or value other than for safe custody or administration.
5.8 Access to Account Records. Principal or its designee, shall have access, upon reasonable prior notice to Custodian, during regular business hours to the books and records relating to the Accounts, or shall be given confirmation of the contents of the books and records, maintained by Custodian or any Sub-Custodian holding securities hereunder to verify the accuracy of such books and records. Custodian shall notify Principal promptly of any applicable law or regulation in any country where Securities are held that would restrict such access or confirmation.
6. SELECTION AND MONITORING OF GLOBAL SUB-AGENT NETWORK
Upon written notice to Principal, as provided in Subparagraph 6.4 of this Agreement, Custodian may from time to time select one or more Eligible Foreign Custodians and, subject to the provisions of Subparagraph 6.7, one or more Eligible Securities Depositories, to hold Securities hereunder.
6.1 Governing Sub-Agent Agreement . Any relationship Custodian establishes with an Eligible Foreign Custodian with respect to Securities shall be governed by a written contract providing for the reasonable care of Securities based on the standards specified in section §270.17(f)-5(c)(1) of the Act, and including the provisions set forth in sections §270.17(f)-5(c)(2)(i)(A) through (F) of the Act, or provisions which Custodian determines provide the same or greater protection of Principal's Securities.
6.2 Sub-Agent Network Selection.
6.2.1 Foreign Sub-Custodian. In selecting an Eligible Foreign Custodian, Custodian shall exercise reasonable care, prudence and diligence and shall consider whether the Securities will be subject to reasonable care, based on the standards applicable to custodians in the relevant market, including (i) the Eligible Foreign Custodian's practices, procedures, and internal controls, including, but not limited to, the physical protections available for certificated securities (if applicable), the method of keeping custodial records, and the security and data protection practices; (ii) the Eligible Foreign Custodian's financial strength, general reputation and standing in the country in which it is located, its ability to provide efficiently the custodial services required, and the relative cost of such services; and, (iii) whether the Eligible Foreign Custodian has branch offices in the United States, or consents to service of process in the United States, in order to facilitate jurisdiction over and enforcement of judgments against it.
6.2.2 Securities Depository. In selecting an Eligible Securities Depository, Custodian shall exercise reasonable care, prudence, and diligence in evaluating the custody risks associated with maintaining Securities with the Eligible Securities Depository under Custodian's custody arrangements with any relevant Eligible Foreign Custodian and the Eligible Securities Depository.
6.3 Notices to Principal. Custodian shall give 30 days written notice to Principal of its intention to deposit Securities with an Eligible Foreign Custodian or, directly or through an Eligible Foreign Sub-Custodian, with an Eligible Securities Depository. The notice shall identify the proposed Eligible Foreign Custodian or Eligible Securities Depository and shall include reasonably available information relied on by Custodian in making the selection.
6.4 Monitoring of Sub-Agent Network. Custodian shall monitor under its Monitoring System the appropriateness of the continued custody or maintenance of Principal's Securities with each Eligible Foreign Custodian or Eligible Securities Depository.
6.4.1 Custodian shall evaluate and determine at least annually the continued eligibility of each Eligible Foreign Custodian and Eligible Securities Depository approved by Principal to act as such hereunder. In discharging this responsibility, Custodian shall (i) monitor on a continuing basis the day to day services and reports provided by each Eligible Foreign Custodian or Eligible Securities Depository; (ii) at least annually, obtain and review the annual financial report published by each Eligible Foreign Custodian, and to the extent such reports are publicly available, each Eligible Securities Depository, and other reports on each Eligible Foreign Custodian or Eligible Securities Depository which Custodian may obtain from a reputable independent analyst; and, (iii) periodically as deemed appropriate, physically inspect the operations of each Eligible Foreign Custodian or Eligible Securities Depository.
6.4.2 Custodian shall provide to the Board annually and at such other times as the Board may reasonably request based on the circumstances of the Principals foreign custody arrangements, written reports notifying the Board of the placement of Securities of the Principal with a particular foreign Eligible Foreign Custodian within a Foreign Market or an Emerging Market and of any material change in the arrangements (including any material changes in any contracts governing such arrangements or any material changes in the established practices or procedures of Depositories) with respect to Securities of the Principal held by the Eligible Foreign Custodian.
6.4.3 If Custodian determines that (i) any Eligible Foreign Custodian or Eligible Securities Depository no longer satisfies the applicable requirements described in Subparagraph 1.4 of this Agreement (in the case of an Eligible Foreign Custodian) or Subparagraph 1.5 of this Agreement (in the case of an Eligible Securities Depository); or, (ii) any Eligible Foreign Custodian or Eligible Securities Depository is otherwise no longer capable or qualified to perform the functions contemplated herein; or, (iii) any change in a contract with a Eligible Foreign Custodian or any change in established Eligible Securities Depository or market practices or procedures shall cause a custody arrangement to no longer meet the requirements of the Act, Custodian shall promptly give written notice thereof to Principal. The notice shall, in addition, either indicate Custodian's intention to transfer Securities held by the removed Eligible Foreign Custodian or Eligible Securities Depository to another Eligible Foreign Custodian or Eligible Securities Depository previously identified to Principal, or include a notice pursuant to Subparagraph 6.4 of this Agreement of Custodian's intention to deposit Securities with a new Eligible Foreign Custodian or Eligible Securities Depository, in either instance such transfer of Securities to be effected as soon as reasonably practical.
6.5 Compulsory Depositories. Notwithstanding the foregoing sub-sections of this Paragraph 6 , Custodian shall have no responsibility for the selection or monitoring of any Eligible Securities Depository or Eligible Securities Depositorys agent (Compulsory Depository) (i) the use of which is mandated by law or regulation; (ii) because securities cannot be withdrawn from the depository; or (iii) because maintaining securities outside the securities depository is not consistent with prevailing market practices in the relevant market; provided however, that Custodian shall notify Principal if Principal has directed a trade in a market containing a Compulsory Depository, so Principal and Advisor shall have an opportunity to determine the appropriateness of investing in such market.
6.6 Assessment of Custody Risk. Principal and Custodian agree that, for purposes of this Paragraph 6 , Custodians determination of appropriateness shall only include custody risk, and shall not include any evaluation of country risk or systemic risk associated with the investment or holding of assets in a particular country or market, including, but not limited to (i) the use of Compulsory Depositories, (ii) the countrys or market's financial infrastructure, (iii) the countrys or market's prevailing custody and settlement practices, (iv) risk of nationalization, expropriation or other governmental actions, (v) regulation of the banking or securities industries, (vi) currency controls, restrictions, devaluation or fluctuation, and (vii) country or market conditions which may affect the orderly execution of securities transactions or affect the value of the transactions. Principal and Custodian further agree that the evaluation of any such country and systemic risks shall be solely the responsibility of Principal and the Investment Manager.
7. TRANSACTIONS
7.1 Instructions and Immediately Available Funds. Principal, or where applicable, the Investment Manager, is responsible for ensuring that Custodian receives timely instructions and sufficient immediately available funds for all transactions by such time and date as conditions in the relevant market dictates. As used herein, "sufficient immediately available funds" shall mean either (a) sufficient cash denominated in the currency of Principal's home jurisdiction to purchase the necessary foreign currency, or (b) sufficient applicable foreign currency, to settle the transaction. If Custodian does not receive such timely instructions and/or immediately available funds, Custodian shall have no liability of any kind to any person, including Principal, for failing to effect settlement. However, Custodian shall use reasonable efforts to effect settlement as soon as possible after receipt of appropriate instructions. Unless otherwise specified by Principal or Manager, foreign exchange transactions will be processed according to the instructions in Appendix C, Section 2.
7.2.1 Customary or Established Settlement Practices . Principal and Manager acknowledge settlement of and payment for Securities received for and delivered from the Account may be made in accordance with the customary or established securities trading and securities processing practices in the market in which the transaction occurs. Principal understands that when Custodian is instructed to deliver Foreign Securities or Foreign Currencies against payment, delivery of such Foreign Securities and Foreign Currencies and receipt of payment therefore may not be completed simultaneously. Principal assumes full responsibility for all credit risks involved in connection with Custodian's delivery of Foreign Securities or Foreign Currencies pursuant to instructions of Principal or Manager.
7.2.2 Additions to and Withdrawals from Account. Custodian shall make all additions and withdrawals of Securities to and from this Account only upon receipt of and pursuant to written instructions from Principal or Manager.
7.3 Purchase or Sales. Principal or Manager from time to time may instruct Custodian regarding the purchase or sale of Securities in accordance with this paragraph 7.3.
7.3.1 Purchases. Custodian shall settle purchases by charging the Account with the amount necessary to make the purchase and effecting payment to the seller or broker for the Securities. Custodian shall have no liability of any kind to any person, including Principal, if Custodian effects payment on behalf of the Account, and the settler or broker specified by Manager fails to deliver the Securities purchased. Custodian shall exercise such ordinary care and diligence as would be employed by a reasonably prudent custodian in examining and verifying the certificates or other indicia of ownership of the Securities purchased before accepting them, except with respect to assets described in Paragraph 7.4.
7.3.2 Sales. Custodian shall settle sales by delivering certificates or other indicia of ownership of the Securities, and as instructed, shall receive cash for such sales. Custodian shall have no liability of any kind to any person, including Principal, if Custodian exercises due diligence and delivers such certificates or indicia of ownership and the purchaser or broker fails to effect payment.
7.4 Depository Settlement. If a purchase or sale is settled through a Sub-Custodian or Depository, Custodian shall exercise such ordinary care and diligence as would be employed by a reasonably prudent custodian in verifying proper consummation of the transaction by the Sub-Custodian or Depository.
7.5 Income and Principal. Custodian or its designated Sub-Agents are authorized, as Principal's agent, to surrender against payment maturing obligations and obligations called for redemption, and to collect and receive payments of interest and principal, dividends, warrants, and other things of value in connection with Securities. Absent written instructions from Principal or Manager, funds will remain in the currency of collection upon receipt of payment.
7.6 Foreign Currency Transactions. At the direction of Principal or the Investment Manager, as the case may be, Custodian shall convert currency in the Account to other currencies through customary channels including, without limitation, Custodian or any of its affiliates, as shall be necessary to effect any transaction directed by Principal or the Investment Manager.
7.7 Taxes. Custodian shall pay or cause to be paid from the Account all taxes and levies in the nature of taxes imposed on the Account or the Foreign Securities thereof by any country. Custodian will use reasonable efforts to give the Principal or Manager, as the case may be, advance notice of the imposition of such taxes. The Custodian shall have no responsibility or liability for any obligations now or hereafter imposed on the Principal or the Custodian as custodian of the Principal by the tax law of the United States or of any state or political subdivision thereof or any foreign jurisdiction. The sole responsibilities of the Custodian with regard to such tax law shall be to use reasonable efforts to effect the withholding of local taxes and related charges with regard to market entitlement/payment in accordance with local law and subject to local market practice or custom and to assist the Principal with respect to any claim for exemption or refund under the tax law of countries for which such Principal as provided such information. Except as specifically provided in this Agreement or otherwise agreed to in writing by the Custodian, the Custodian shall have no independent obligation to determine the tax obligations now or hereafter imposed on the Principal by any taxing authority or to obtain or provide information relating thereto, and shall have no obligation or liability with respect to such tax obligations.
7.8 Foreign Tax Reclamation. Custodian shall use reasonable efforts to obtain refunds of taxes withheld on Foreign Securities or the income thereof that are available under applicable tax laws, treaties and regulations subject to Principal's provision of all documentation and certifications as required by U.S. and foreign tax authorities to establish the eligibility of Principal for tax reclamation under applicable law or treaty. Principal hereby agrees to indemnify and hold harmless Custodian and its agents in respect to any liability arising from any under withholding or underpayment of any Tax which results from the inaccuracy or invalidity of any such forms or other documentation, and such obligation to indemnify shall be a continuing obligation of Principal, its successor and assignees, notwithstanding the termination of this agreement. The Custodian is authorized to disclose any information required by any such tax or other governmental authority in relation to processing any claim for exemption from or reduction or refund of any taxes relating to the Principals transactions and holdings.
7.9 Collection Obligations. Custodian shall diligently collect income and principal of Securities which the Custodian has received actual notice in accordance with normal industry practices. However, Custodian shall be under no obligation or duty to take any action to effect collection of any amount if the Securities upon which such amount is payable is in default, or if payment is refused after due demand. Custodian shall notify Principal and Manager promptly of such default or refusal to pay. Custodian shall have no duty to file or pursue any bankruptcy or class action claims with respect to Account, unless indemnified by Principal in manner and amount satisfactory to Custodian provided however, unless Principal directs otherwise, Custodian will use its best efforts to file claims in class actions and pay any recovery to account, net of Banks fees as disclosed in the fee schedule.
7.10 Capital Changes. Custodian may, without further instruction from Principal or Manager, exchange temporary certificates and may surrender and exchange Securities for other securities in connection with any reorganization, recapitalization or similar transaction in which the owner of the Securities is not given an option. Custodian has no responsibility to effect any such exchange unless it has received notice of the event permitting or requiring such exchange at its processing center in San Francisco or at the office of Custodians designated agents.
7.11 Fractional Interest. Custodian shall receive and retain all stock distributed by a corporation as a dividend, stock split, or otherwise; however, in connection therewith, if a fractional share is received, Custodian shall sell such fractional shares when such market facility is available.
8. CREDITS TO ACCOUNT
8.1 Payment. Custodian may as a matter of bookkeeping convenience or by separate agreement with the Principal, credit the account with the proceeds from the sale, redemption or other disposition of Securities or interest or dividends or other distributions payable on Securities prior to its actual receipt of final payment; therefore, all such credits shall be conditional until the Custodians actual receipt of final payment and may be reversed by Custodian to the extent that final payment is not received. Payment with respect to a transaction will not be final until Custodian receives immediately available funds under which applicable local law; rule and/or practice are irreversible and not subject to any security interest, levy or other encumbrance, and which are specifically applicable to such transaction. Principal acknowledges and agrees that any currency risk associated with such credits will be born by Principal.
8.2. Emerging Market Settlement Dates. Notwithstanding the foregoing Paragraph 8.1, Principal understands and agrees that settlement of Securities transactions is available only on settlement date basis in certain Emerging Markets, which are identified in Appendix A, as amended from time to time by written notice to Principal.
8.2.1 Cash Deposits. For Emerging Markets with restricted settlement conditions, cash of any currency deposited or delivered to the Account shall be available for use by Principal or Investment Manager only on the business day on which actual receipt of final payment and funds of good value are available to Sub-Custodian in the Account.
8.2.2 Securities. For Emerging Markets with restricted settlement conditions, Securities deposited or delivered to the Account shall be available for use by Principal or Investment Manager only on the business day on which such Securities are held in the nominee name or are otherwise subject to the control of, and in a form for good delivery by, the Sub-Custodian.
9. OVERDRAFT AND INDEBTEDNESS
9.1 Advance Funds. If Custodian advances funds to or for the benefit of Account in connection with the settlement of securities or currency transactions or other activity in the Account including overdrafts or other indebtedness incurred in connection with the settlement of securities transactions, maturity or income payments or funds transfers, Principal agrees to reimburse Custodian on demand the amount of the advance or overdraft and all related fees as established in Custodian's published fee schedule. Principal will bear the risk from any currency valuation differences associated with Principals reimbursement obligations to Custodian.
9.2 Repayment. To the extent permissible by applicable law, in order to secure repayment of Account's obligations to Custodian hereunder, Principal hereby pledges and grants to Custodian a continuing lien and security interest in, and right of set-off against, all of Principals right, title and interest in and to (a) all Accounts in Principals name and the Securities now or hereafter held in such Accounts (including proceeds thereof); (b) each Account in respect of which or for whose benefit the advance or overdraft relates and the Securities now or hereafter held in such Accounts, including proceeds thereof. In this regard, Custodian shall be entitled to all the rights and remedies of a pledgee and secured creditor under applicable laws, rules or regulations as then in effect. Principal authorizes the Custodian, in the Custodian's sole discretion, at any time to charge any overdraft or indebtedness, together with interest due thereon, against any balance of account standing to the credit of the Principal on the Custodian's books. In addition, the Custodian shall be entitled to utilize available cash and to dispose of such Principals Securities to the extent necessary to obtain reimbursement.
10. CORPORATE ACTIONS, PROXIES AND LITERATURE
10.1 Corporate Actions. Custodian shall notify Manager of the receipt of notices of redemptions, conversions, exchanges, calls, puts, subscription rights, and scrip certificates ("Corporate Action(s)"). Custodian need not monitor financial publications for notices of Corporate Actions and shall not be obligated to take any action unless actual notice has been received by Custodian at its processing center in San Francisco, California, or at the offices of the Sub-Agent where the security is held in Custodians Foreign Account. Custodian's sole responsibility in this regard shall be to give such notices to Principal or Investment Manager, as the case may be, within a reasonable time after Custodian receives them. Custodian has no responsibility to respond or otherwise act with respect to any such notice unless and until Custodian has received timely and appropriate instructions from Principal or Manager. Principal or Manager is responsible to ensure all required documentation and funds are available to Custodian and its agents as required under the terms of the offer or by legal jurisdiction in order for Custodian and its agent to take action on behalf of Account.
10.2 Proxies. Custodian shall forward all proxies and accompanying material actually received by Custodian that are issued by any company whose securities are held in the Account to Manager or Principal, as directed. Principal and Manager acknowledge that proxy services are limited in foreign markets and Custodians sole responsibility with respect to such proxy materials will be to forward the proxy and accompanying material received by Custodian to Principal or Manager. Custodian shall have no duty to translate or retain any material received unless required to do so by law.
10.3 Corporate Literature. Custodian shall have no duty to forward or to retain any other corporate material received by Custodian for the Account unless required to do so by law. Custodian shall have no duty to translate or retain any material received from its Global Sub-Agent Network unless required to do so by law.
10.4 Disclosure to Issuers of Securities. Unless Principal directs Custodian in writing to the contrary, Principal agrees that Custodian or its Sub-Agents may disclose the name and address of the party with the authority to vote the proxies of the Securities held in this Account as well as the number of shares held, to any issuer of said Securities or its agents upon the written request of such issuer or agent in conformity with the provisions of the applicable law. Principal acknowledges that Custodian or its Sub-Agents may be required under jurisdictional law to disclose to issuers beneficial owner information regardless of Principals instructions otherwise.
11. INSTRUCTIONS
11.1 Written. All instructions from Principal or Manager with respect to the Accounts must be from an authorized person and, except those instructions described in Paragraph 7, shall be in writing, and shall continue in force until changed by subsequent instructions. For purposes of this Paragraph 11, an authorized person means any of the persons duly authorized by the Board to give instructions on behalf of the Principal as set forth in a certificate along with any limitations on such Persons scope of authority, such certificate to be executed by the Secretary or Assistant Secretary of the Principal, as the same may be revised from time to time. Pending receipt of written authority, Custodian may in its absolute discretion at any time accept oral, faxed, wired and electronically transmitted instructions from Principal or Manager provided Custodian believes in good faith that the instructions are genuine. If oral instructions are received, Principal or Manager, as the case may be, shall promptly confirm such instructions in writing or by facsimile or other means permitted hereunder. Principal will hold Custodian harmless for the failure of Principal or Manager to send confirmation in writing, the failure of such confirmation to conform to the telephone instructions received or Custodian's failure to produce such confirmation at any subsequent time.
11.2 Reliance on Instructions. Except as otherwise provided herein, all instructions shall be in writing, and shall continue in force until changed by subsequent instructions. Pending receipt of written authority, Custodian may in its absolute discretion at any time accept oral, wired or electronically transmitted instructions from Principal or Manager provided Custodian believes in good faith that the instructions are genuine. Further, Custodian may assume that any written or oral instructions received hereunder are consistent with the provisions of organizational documents of the Principal or of any vote, resolution or proceeding of the Principals board of directors of the Principals shareholders, unless and until Custodian receives written instructions to the contrary.
12. RIGHT TO RECEIVE ADVICE
12.1 Advice of the Principal . If Custodian is in doubt as to any action it should or should not take under this Agreement, Custodian may request directions or advice, including oral instructions or written instructions, from the Principal.
12.2 Advice of Counsel. If Custodian shall be in doubt as to any question of law pertaining to any action it should or should not take, Custodian may request advice from counsel of its own choosing (who may be counsel for the Principal, the Investment Manager or Custodian, at the option of Custodian). Principal shall pay the reasonable cost of any counsel retained by Custodian with prior notice to Principal.
12.3 Conflicting Advice. In the event of a conflict between directions or advice or oral instructions or written instructions Custodian receives from the Principal, and the advice it receives from counsel, Custodian shall be entitled to rely upon and follow the advice of counsel.
12.4 Protection of Custodian. Custodian shall be indemnified by Principal and without liability for any action Custodian takes or does not take in reliance upon directions or advice or oral instructions or written instructions Custodian receives from or on behalf of the Principal, or from counsel and which Custodian believes, in good faith, to be consistent with those directions or advice or oral instructions or written instructions. Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed so as to impose an obligation upon Custodian (i) to seek such directions or advice or oral instructions or written instructions, or (ii) to act in accordance with such directions or advice or oral instructions or written instructions.
13. ACCOUNTING AND REPORTING
13.1 Cost and Nominal Value. Principal agrees to furnish Custodian with the income tax cost basis and dates of acquisition of all Securities held in the Account to be carried on its records. If Principal does not furnish such information, Custodian shall carry the Securities at any such nominal value it determines, such value to be for bookkeeping purposes only. All statements and reporting of any matters requiring this information will use this nominal value. Custodian shall have no duty to verify the accuracy of the cost basis and dates of acquisition furnished by Principal. Securities purchased in the Account shall be carried at cost.
13.2 Valuations. To the extent that Custodian has agreed to provide pricing or other information services, Custodian is authorized to utilize any vendor (including brokers and dealers of Securities and pricing services embedded in Custodian's securities processing or accounting systems) reasonably believed by Custodian to be reliable to provide such information. Principal understands that certain pricing information with respect to complex financial instruments including, without limitation, derivatives, may be based on calculated amounts rather than actual market transactions and may not reflect actual market values, and that the variance between such calculated amounts and actual market values may or may not be material. Where pricing vendors used by Custodian do not provide information for Securities, Principal or authorized party may advise Custodian regarding the fair market value of, or provide other information with respect to, such held Securities. If Principal or Manager does not provide such information, Custodian shall use the cost or nominal value for such Securities, solely for administrative convenience. Custodian shall not be liable for any loss, damage or expense incurred as a result of errors or omissions with respect to any pricing or other information utilized by Custodian hereunder and shall have no responsibility or duty to ascertain or authenticate the value of pricing applied to any such Security.
13.3 Activity Reports. Custodian shall provide access to Principal and Manager and other persons authorized by Principal to access advices of securities transactions and other information regarding the Account by means of Custodian's Online Trust & Custody Service.
13.4 Statements. Custodian shall provide Principal and Manager Account statements and other reports periodically via paper delivery or electronically by means of the Custodians Online Trust and Custody Service or as otherwise as agreed to by Principal and Custodian showing all income and principal transactions and cash positions, and a list of securities. Principal may approve or disapprove any such statement within thirty (30) days of its receipt, and, if no written objections are received within the thirty (30) day period, such statement of Account shall be deemed approved.
Principal acknowledges and agrees that if Online Trust and Custody Service is selected, paper statements will be provided only upon request and that the Custodians online statements, trade confirms and related online communications satisfy all of Custodians existing legal and contractual obligations to provide statements, reports and confirmations with respect to the account. Printed trade confirmations for trades effected by the Custodian will be available upon request and at no additional cost. Principal and Manager may request printed trade confirmations for other securities transactions form the broker through which they direct such trades.
14. USE OF OTHER BANK SERVICES
14.1 HighMark Mutual Funds
Principal or Manager may direct Custodian to invest available funds in the HighMark ® Funds mutual funds advised by an affiliate of Custodian and for which Custodian may also act as custodian and provide other services for the purpose of cash management. Principal or Manager shall designate the particular HighMark Fund that Principal or Manager deems appropriate for the Account. Principal hereby acknowledges that Custodian will receive fees for such services in addition to those fees charged by Custodian as agent for the Principal's custody Account.
14.2 Other Fund Investments. Principal or Manager may invest in third party mutual funds, for which the Custodian or its affiliates may provide shareholder, recordkeeping or other services. Principal hereby acknowledges that Custodian or its affiliates may receive fees for such services in addition to those fees charged by Custodian under this Agreement.
14.3 Foreign Exchange. The Custodian makes available to Principal or Manager its foreign exchange services to convert currencies in conjunctions with transactions in Principal's Account. Principal or Manager, as the case may be acknowledges that (a) the foreign currency exchange department is a part of Custodian or one of its affiliates or subsidiaries; (b) the Account is not obligated to effect foreign currency exchange with Custodian; (c) Custodian will receive benefits for such foreign currency transactions which are in addition to the compensation which Custodian receives for administering the Account; and (d) Custodian will make available the relevant data so that Principal or Manager, as the case may be, can determine that the foreign currency exchange transaction are as favorable to the Account as terms generally available in arm's length transaction between unrelated parties. Principal and Manager acknowledge that foreign currency transactions will be performed in accordance with Union Banks Foreign Exchange Agreement in the form of Exhibit I hereto and incorporated herein by reference and Principal hereby agrees and acknowledges of the terms and conditions thereof. If Principal or Manager elects to give standing instructions to Custodian to execute foreign currency exchange transactions on their behalf, or in the event a foreign currency exchange transaction is initiated in the absence of the specific Foreign Exchange Agreement, such transaction will be performed at the Bank's prevailing rate. Principal acknowledges that a Foreign Exchange transaction in which Custodians foreign exchange services is the counterparty to Principal are subject to Paragraph 9 of this Agreement.
14.4 Interest Bearing Deposits. Principal or Manager may direct that assets of the Account be invested in deposits with Union Bank as a sweep vehicle or other deposit held in the Custodians street name for the benefit of its clients. Such deposits are covered by FDIC insurance up to the designated value in effect for each beneficial owner.
14.5 Brokerage Services. Principal or Manager may direct Custodian to utilize for this Account other services or facilities provided by Custodian, its subsidiaries or affiliates. Such services may include, but are not be limited to (i) the purchase or sale of securities as principal, or (ii) the placing of orders for the purchase, sale, exchange, investment or reinvestment of securities through any affiliated brokerage service, or (iii) the placing of orders for the purchase or sale of units of any investment company that Custodian, UnionBanCal Corporation, or their subsidiaries or affiliates, manage, advise act as custodian or provide other services.
14.6 Credit Facilities. The Custodian may in accordance with its commercial lending practices enter into a credit facility with the Principal for use with the operation of the Account. Such credit facility will be agreed to under separate agreement and subject to the terms and conditions, therein. Principal acknowledges that any such credit facility is subject to the lien provisions of Paragraph 9.2 of this Agreement.
15. CUSTODIAN'S RESPONSIBILITIES AND LIABILITIES
15.1 Standard of Care. In performing the responsibilities delegated to it under this Agreement, the Custodian agrees to exercise reasonable care, prudence and diligence and shall not be liable for any damages arising out of the Custodian's performance of or failure to perform its duties under this Agreement except to the extent that damages arise directly out of the Custodian's willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or otherwise from a material breach of the Custodians standard of care under this Agreement.
15.2 Investment Authority . The parties intend that Custodian shall not be considered a fiduciary of the Account.
15.3 Insurance and Force Majeure. Without limiting the generality of Paragraph 14.1 or of any other provision of this Agreement the Custodian shall not be liable so long as and to the extent that it exercises reasonable care, for any defect in the title, validity or genuineness of any Security or in the evidence of title thereto received by it or delivered by it pursuant to this Agreement. In addition, Custodian (i) shall not be required to maintain any special insurance for the benefit of Principal, and (ii) shall not be liable or responsible for any loss, damage, expense, failure to perform or delay caused by accidents, strikes, fire, flood, war, riot, electrical or mechanical or communication line or facility failures, acts of third parties (including without limitation any messenger, telephone or delivery service), acts of God, war, government action, civil commotion, fire, earthquake, or other casualty or disaster or any other cause or causes which are beyond Custodians reasonable control. However, Custodian shall use reasonable efforts to replace Securities lost or damaged due to such causes with securities of the same class and issue with all rights and privileges pertaining thereto. Custodian shall not be liable to Principal for any loss which shall occur as the result of the failure of a Sub-Custodian to exercise reasonable care with respect to the safekeeping of assets.
15.4 Legal Proceedings
15.4.1 Custodian shall not be required to appear in or defend any legal proceedings with respect to the Account or the Securities unless Custodian has been indemnified to its reasonable satisfaction against loss and expense (including reasonable attorneys' fees).
15.4.2 With respect to legal proceedings Custodian may consult with counsel acceptable to it after written notification to Principal concerning its duties and responsibilities under this Agreement, and shall not be liable for any action taken or not taken in good faith on the advice of such counsel.
15.4.3 To the extent permissible by law or regulation and upon Principals request, the Principal shall be subrogated to the rights of the Custodian with respect to any claim for any loss, damage or claim suffered by Principal, in each case to the extent that the Custodian fails to pursue any such claim or Principal is not made whole in respect of such loss, damage or claim.
16. INDEMNITIES AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITY
16.1 In addition to the indemnification provisions contained in this Agreement, Principal agrees to indemnify, defend and hold harmless Custodian and its affiliates providing services under this Agreement, including their respective officers, directors, agents and employees from all taxes, charges, expenses, assessments, claims and liabilities including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees and disbursements and liabilities ("Claims") arising directly or indirectly from any action or omission to act which Custodian takes in connection with the provision of services to Principal. Neither Custodian, nor any of its affiliates, shall be indemnified against any liability (or any expenses incident to such liability) caused by Custodians or its affiliates' own willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard in the performance of Custodian's or its affiliates' activities under this Agreement. The provisions of this Paragraph 15 shall survive termination of this Agreement.
16.2 In all cases, Custodians liability under this Agreement shall be limited to the resulting direct loss, if any, incurred by Principal. Under no circumstances shall Custodian be liable for any incidental, consequential, indirect, punitive, or special damage which Principal may incur or suffer in connection with this Agreement.
17. COMPENSATION AND OTHER CHARGES
17.11 Compensation. Principal shall pay Custodian compensation for its services hereunder as specified in Appendix B. Fees shall accrue and be taken in arrears as specified on the active fee schedule and charged to the Account unless Principal has requested that it be billed directly. However, any fees not paid within 60 days of billing will be charged to the Account.
17.2 Expenses. Principal shall reimburse Custodian for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses and processing costs incurred by Custodian in the administration of the Account including, without limitation, reasonable counsel fees incurred by Custodian pursuant to Subparagraph 14.4 of this Agreement.
18. AMENDMENT AND TERMINATION
18.1 Amendment. This Agreement may be amended at any time by a written instrument signed by the parties or by Custodian immediately if required by applicable law or upon thirty (30) days written notice to Principal.
18.2 Termination. Custodian may terminate this Agreement immediately if Custodian, in its sole discretion, determines that (i) Principal failed to strictly comply with any provision of this Agreement; (ii) any representation, warranty or covenant of the other party in this Agreement is false or misleading. Any such termination shall not constitute a waiver of any other rights that the Custodian may have under this Agreement.
In addition, either party may terminate this Agreement and the Account upon 90 days' written notice. Upon such termination, Custodian shall deliver or cause to be delivered the Securities, less any amounts due and owing to Custodian under this Agreement, to a successor custodian designated by Principal or, if a successor custodian has not accepted an appointment by the effective date of termination of the Account, to Principal. Upon completion of such delivery Custodian shall be discharged of any further liability or responsibility with respect to the Securities so delivered. In the event that Securities or other properties remain in the possession of the Custodian after the date of termination hereof owing to failure of Principal to provide proper instructions, the Custodian shall be entitled to fair compensation for its services during such period as the Custodian retains possession of such securities, funds and other properties and the provisions of this Agreement relating to the duties and obligations of the Custodian shall remain in full force and effect. In the event that no proper instructions designating a successor custodian or alternative arrangements shall have been delivered to the Custodian on or before the date when such termination shall become effective, then the Custodian shall have the right to deliver to a bank or trust company, which is a "bank" as defined in the Act of its own selection, having an aggregate capital, surplus, and undivided profits, as shown by its last published report, of not less than $25,000,000, all Securities held by the Custodian on behalf of Principal and all instruments held by the Custodian relative thereto held by it under this Agreement on behalf of Principal, and to transfer to an account of such successor custodian all of the Securities held in an Account. Thereafter, such bank or trust company shall be the successor of the Custodian under this Agreement. All expenses associated with the transfer of custody hereunder upon termination hereof shall be borne by the Principal (except as may be specifically agreed in writing by the parties in relation to special arrangements).
19. SUCCESSORS
This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their successors in interest. This Agreement may not be assigned by either party, nor may the duties of either party hereunder be delegated, without the prior written consent of the other party.
20. GOVERNING LAW
The validity, construction, and administration of this Agreement shall be governed by the applicable laws of the United States from time to time in force and effect and, to the extent not preempted by such laws of the United States, by the laws of the State of California from time to time in force and effect. Any action or proceeding to enforce, interpret or adjudicate the rights and responsibilities of the parties hereunder shall be commenced in the State or Federal courts located in the State of California.
21. NOTICES
Except as otherwise specified herein, all notices, requests, demands and other communications under this Agreement shall be signed and in writing and shall be deemed as having been duly given on the date of service, if served personally on the party to whom notice is to be given, or on the fifth (5) day after mailing, if mailed to the party to whom notice is to be given and properly addressed as follows:
If to Principal :
Name: Northern Lights Fund Trust III
Street Address: 450 Wireless Blvd
City, State, Zip: Hauppauge, NY 11788
Attn: Andrew Rogers
Telephone: (631) 470-2600
Facsimile:
If to Custodian :
Union Bank, N.A.
Institutional Custody Services
350 California Street, 6 th Floor
San Francisco, California 94104
Attn: Ms. Liz Hamilton, Vice President
Facsimile: (619) 230-7609
Email: liz.hamilton@unionbank.com
This agreement and any amendment, notice or other document required to be signed and in writing under this Agreement may be delivered by personal service or U.S first class mail postage prepaid or via fax, email with an imaged or scanned attachment (such as a .PDF), or similar electronic transmission with electronic signature through Union Banks Online Trust & Custody secure messaging service pursuant to security protocols established and agreed by the parties, unless otherwise specified herein. Signatures delivered via fax, email, or similar electronic transmission shall be effective as original signatures in binding the parties and shall be effective upon receipt.
Periodic communications related to foreign currencies and global market updates will be emailed to the parties listed in Appendix C, Section 1.
22. CONFIDENTIALITY
All non-public information and advice furnished by either party to the other shall be treated as confidential and will not be disclosed to third parties unless required by law, except that Union Bank may disclose (a) the identity of Client as a client or client reference of Union Bank; (b) any information to any government regulator of Union Bank or the Affiliated Entities.
23. EFFECTIVE DATE
This Agreement shall be effective as of the date appearing below, and shall supersede any prior or existing agreements between the parties pertaining to the subject matter hereof.
24. COUNTERPARTS
This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. This Agreement and all exhibits, appendices, attachments and amendments hereto may be reproduced by any reasonable means. The parties hereto each agree that any such reproduction shall be admissible in evidence as the original itself in any judicial or administrative proceeding, whether or not the original is in existence and whether or not such reproduction was made by a party in the regular course of business, and that any enlargement, facsimile or further reproduction of such reproduction shall likewise be admissible in evidence.
25. MISCELLANEOUS
Each party agrees to perform such further acts and execute such further documents as are necessary to effectuate the purposes hereof. This Agreement embodies the entire agreement and understanding between the parties and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings relating to the subject matter hereof. The captions in this Agreement are included for convenience of reference only and in no way define or delimit any of the provisions hereof or otherwise affect their construction or effect.
BY PRINCIPAL:
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ACCEPTED: Union Bank, N.A. |
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By: /s/ Andrew Rogers |
By: /s/ Margaret Bond |
Name and Title: Andrew Rogers, President |
Name and Title: /s/ Margaret Bond, Vice President |
Date: 6/22/12 |
Date: 6/26/12 |
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By: |
By: /s/ John Kramon |
Name and Title: |
Name and Title: John Kramon, Vice President |
Date: |
Date: 6/25/12 |
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