As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 30, 2002
Registration No. 333-
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
CEVA, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
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3674
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77-0556376
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(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)
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(Primary Standard Industrial
Classification Code No.)
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(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
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3120 Scott Boulevard
Santa Clara, California 95054
(408) 986-4300
(Address and telephone number of principal executive offices and principal place of business)
Eliyahu Ayalon.
Chief Executive Officer
Ceva, Inc.
3120 Scott Boulevard
Santa Clara, California 95054
(408) 986-4300
(Name, address, and telephone number of agent for service)
Copies to:
Bruce A. Mann Esq.
David
Goldenberg, Esq.
Jaclyn Liu, Esq.
Linda K. Lee,
Esq.
Morrison & Foerster LLP
425 Market
Street
San Francisco, California 94105
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John A. Burgess, Esq.
Wendell C.
Taylor, Esq.
Jessica S. Semerjian, Esq.
Hale and Dorr LLP
60 State Street
Boston, Massachusetts 02109
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Approximate date of commencement of proposed distribution:
As soon as practicable after this Registration Statement becomes effective.
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box.
¨
If this Form is filed to register
additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.
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If this Form is a
post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.
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If this Form is a post-effective amendment
filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.
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If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule
434, please check the following box.
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CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
Title of Each Class of Securities to be Registered
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Amount to be Registered
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Proposed Maximum Offering Price Per Unit (1)
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Amount of Registration Fee
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Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share
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9,019,331 shares
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$0.44
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$365.10
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(1)
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Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee and, pursuant to Rule 457(f)(2) under the Securities Act, is based upon the book value of
the Common Stock computed as of June 30, 2002.
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The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment that specifically
states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to
said Section 8(a), may determine.
The information contained in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. These securities may not be sold until the registration
statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED JULY 30, 2002
PROSPECTUS RELATING TO THE SEPARATION OF
CEVA, INC. FROM DSP GROUP, INC.
AND COMBINATION OF CEVA, INC. WITH PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
Common Stock
(par value $0.001 per share)
This prospectus is being furnished in connection with (i) the pro rata distribution by DSP Group, Inc. to its stockholders of all outstanding shares of common stock of Ceva, Inc. in connection with the
separation of Ceva from DSP Group, and (ii) the subsequent combination of Parthus Technologies plc with Ceva and the issuance of ParthusCevas common stock to the former Parthus shareholders.
Pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Separation Agreement and related agreements among DSP Group, Ceva and certain other
subsidiaries of DSP Group, DSP Group contributed its DSP cores licensing business to Ceva and its subsidiaries and distributed all of the issued and outstanding stock of Ceva to DSP Group stockholders. Shares of Cevas common stock were
distributed to holders of record of DSP Groups common stock as of the close of business on the record date of the distribution, which was , 2002. Each of those holders
received one share of Ceva common stock for every three shares of DSP Group common stock held on , 2002, the record date. You do not have to take any action to receive your
shares of Ceva common stock. The Ceva common stock will be delivered as promptly as practicable after the date of this prospectus. No consideration will be paid by holders of DSP Group common stock for the shares of Ceva common stock they receive.
Immediately following the distribution described above, pursuant to the terms and conditions of a Combination
Agreement dated as of April 4, 2002, by and among DSP Group, Ceva and Parthus, as amended, Parthus combined with Ceva and Ceva changed its name to ParthusCeva, Inc. The combination was effected as a scheme of arrangement under the laws of the
Republic of Ireland. The existing shares of Parthus were cancelled and the existing Parthus shareholders received one share of ParthusCevas common stock for every Parthus
ordinary shares held by them.
Prior to the separation, no public market existed for ParthusCevas common
stock. ParthusCeva has filed applications to list its common stock on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol PCVA and on the London Stock Exchange under the symbol PCV.
Stockholders with inquiries relating to the distribution should contact American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, the distribution
agent, at +1-718-921-8145 or +1-800-937-5449, or Elaine Coughlan, Chief Financial Officer of ParthusCeva, at +353-1-402-5700.
In reviewing this prospectus, you should carefully consider the matters described under the caption Risk Factors beginning on page 7.
DSP Group, as the sole stockholder of Ceva, approved the transactions entered into by Ceva relating to the separation and combination. DSP Group stockholder approval of
the separation and combination is not required or sought. We are not asking DSP Group stockholders for a proxy and you are requested not to send us a proxy. This prospectus is first being mailed to holders of record of DSP Groups common stock
on , 2002.
This prospectus is not
an offer to sell, or a solicitation of an offer to buy, any securities of ParthusCeva.
Neither the
Securities and Exchange Commission nor any other regulatory body has approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The date of this prospectus
is , 2002
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F-1
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F-40
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You should rely only on the information contained in this document.
We have not authorized anyone to provide you with the information that is different. This document may only be used where it is legal to distribute these securities.
The following is a summary of some of the information
contained in this prospectus. We urge you to read the entire prospectus carefully, especially the risks associated with our business discussed under Risk Factors and our financial statements.
Except for our historical financial statements or as otherwise indicated, we describe in this prospectus the business contributed to us
by DSP Group, Inc. (see Separation of DSP Cores Licensing Business from DSP Group), and the business acquired by us in the combination with Parthus (see Combination with Parthus Technologies plc) as if they had been operated
by ParthusCeva for all periods presented herein. We are an independent public company, and DSP Group has no continuing stock ownership in us. Accordingly, our historical financial results as part of DSP Group may not reflect our financial results in
the future as an independent company or what our financial results would have been had we been a stand-alone company during the periods presented herein.
Our Business
ParthusCeva licenses to semiconductor companies and electronic
equipment manufacturers (also known as original equipment manufacturers, or OEMs) complete, integrated intellectual property (IP) solutions that enable a wide variety of electronic devices. Our programmable digital signal processing (DSP) cores and
application-level IP platforms power handheld wireless devices, global positioning system (GPS) devices, consumer audio products, automotive applications and a range of other consumer products. We intend to license complete system solutions
consisting of our IP platforms built around our DSP cores technology, while also continuing to license our DSP cores and IP platforms as stand-alone offerings. ParthusCeva was formed in 2002 through the combination of Ceva, the former DSP cores
licensing business of DSP Group, founded in 1991, and Parthus, a provider of platform-level IP for the consumer electronics market, founded in 1993.
Our DSP cores licensing business (formerly the business of Ceva) develops and licenses designs of programmable DSP cores and DSP core-based sub-systems. A programmable DSP core is a special-purpose,
software-controlled processor that, through complex mathematical calculations, analyzes, manipulates and enhances digital voice, audio and video signals. Chips incorporating these core designs as their central processor are used in a wide variety of
electronic devices, including digital cellular telephones, modems, hard disk drive controllers, MP3 players, voice over packet products and digital cameras, and are critical to the performance of the electronic products in which they are used. A DSP
core-based sub-system incorporates additional hardware blocks required as interfaces from the DSP core for the overall system.
Our platform-level IP business (formerly the business of Parthus) develops semiconductor intellectual property for a range of consumer electronic products and licenses this technology to semiconductor manufacturers and OEMs. Our
portfolio of IP platforms spans major broadband and local area wireless connectivity technologies as well as key application IP including multimedia, location and smartphone/handheld technologies. The intellectual property we license can take the
form of schematics and designs for silicon chips and circuitry and software to perform particular functions on those chips. In addition, we also sell finished modules (which we refer to as Hard IP) to these customers.
Strategy
Our goal
is to become the leading licensor of programmable DSP cores and platform-level IP solutions. In particular, we seek to establish our DSP core technology and IP solutions as the standards for high-volume and emerging applications. To meet these goals
we intend to:
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Provide an integrated solution.
We seek to maximize our competitive advantage by focusing on providing integrated
solutions, both for our programmable DSP cores and our application-level IP platforms, and we intend to continue to invest in the development of technology for complete systems.
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Enhance our performance leadership.
We seek to maximize our expertise in DSP, analog, mixed-signal and related
software technology, and to capitalize on that expertise to address critical customer demands. We intend to enhance our existing DSP cores and IP platforms with additional features and performance, while developing new offerings that will focus on
other emerging applications across the range of end markets we serve.
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Target top-tier customers.
We seek to strengthen relationships and expand licensing and royalty arrangements with our
existing customers and to extend our customer base with other key industry companies in order to facilitate the development of our technology. We believe that we can achieve the best results by targeting our sales and marketing activities at
high-volume semiconductor companies and leading OEMs with a track record of successful end-user deployments. Parthus and Ceva together have entered into license agreements with nine of the top ten semiconductor companies worldwide.
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Focus on large and fast-growing markets.
We believe that our expertise in programmable DSP cores and platform-level IP
allows us to target fast-growing segments within the consumer electronics market, such as wireless communications, mobile computing, automotive electronics, and consumer entertainment. We intend to strengthen our relationships and expand licensing
and royalty arrangements with customers in those markets and to extend our customer base with key industry leaders within each of those segments.
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Take advantage of the industry shift towards open-standard architectures.
We believe that the industries in which we
compete are moving away from proprietary IP solutions towards open-standard architectures, and that this trend creates an opportunity for providers of licensable DSP cores and platform-level IP. As a consequence, we intend to use our expertise to
create leading products and services in critical open standards fields, such as Bluetooth, GPS and multimedia, to position ourselves to take advantage of this trend. We also participate in the development of industry standards in these and other
emerging technology areas.
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Focus on a portfolio approach to the licensing of our IP platforms.
We seek to differentiate ourselves through the breadth
of our IP offerings and our ability to integrate these offerings into a single solution built around our family of state-of-the-art DSP cores. In tandem with targeting top-tier customers, we intend to focus on offering a variety of solutions. Our
product architecture is designed to allow multiple platforms to reside on the same piece of silicon, significantly reducing the cost and complexity of integration while simultaneously improving power dissipation and time to market for
next-generation devices. This approach enables our customers to develop product solutions for next-generation devices that incorporate multiple functions. This approach will also provide our customers with the benefits of one-stop
shopping and a technology roadmap for the next generation of multi-functional devices.
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Establish, maintain and expand relationships with key technology providers.
We have established and seek to expand our
close working relationships with:
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contract semiconductor companies, usually referred to as silicon foundries, in order to assure adequate supplies of chips for our customers who purchase our
technology in chip form and in order to give OEMs a means of obtaining competitive manufacturing capabilities;
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third-party suppliers of block-level semiconductor IP, in order to have access to their most current technologies; and
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developers of both application-level and system-level software so that we can continue to offer complete platform solutions.
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In addition, we have and seek to expand our relationships with companies that offer complementary technologies for designing
system-on-a-chip applications based on our DSP core designs. We believe that these relationships will increase the markets for our products.
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Separation of the DSP Cores Licensing Business from DSP Group
Ceva, Inc. was formed as a Delaware corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of DSP Group in November 1999. The separation of the DSP cores licensing business from DSP
Group, including the transfer of related assets, liabilities and intellectual property rights, was completed in , 2002.
We believe that we will realize the following benefits by separating from DSP Group:
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We will be able to focus on developing our business and pursuing strategic opportunities in the licensing of technology to third parties, increase our research
and development efforts, better target our markets, and focus our sales and support infrastructures in different markets than those of DSP Group.
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As a stand-alone, independent company, our management will be able to devote time and energy exclusively to our business.
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We plan to make our technology accessible to all potential users, free of competitive considerations faced by DSP Group.
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Our employees will be motivated by incentive compensation programs tied to the market performance of our common stock.
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As a more focused company, we expect to be able to make decisions more quickly, deploy resources more rapidly and efficiently and enhance our responsiveness to
customers and partners.
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We expect to have direct access to the capital markets to issue debt or equity securities and to grow through acquisitions.
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Combination of Parthus and Ceva
In , 2002, Parthus and Ceva combined their businesses under the terms and conditions of a Combination Agreement, dated as of April 4, 2002, as amended,
by and among DSP Group, Ceva and Parthus. As part of the combination, Ceva changed its name to ParthusCeva, Inc., and Parthus became a wholly-owned subsidiary of ParthusCeva. Pursuant to arms-length negotiations between DSP Group and Parthus, and as
set forth in the Combination Agreement, immediately following the separation and combination, approximately 50.1% of the outstanding shares of common stock of ParthusCeva were held by the stockholders of DSP Group, and approximately 49.9% were held
by the former shareholders of Parthus.
Our principal headquarters are located at 2033 Gateway Place, Suite 150,
San Jose, CA 95110-1002, and our telephone number at this location is +1-408-514-2900.
PalmDSPcore, PineDSPcore,
OakDSPcore, OCEM, TeakDSPcore, Pine, Teak and Teaklite are United States registered trademarks of ParthusCeva or its affiliates. Parthus, the Parthus logo and BlueStream are European Community trademarks of ParthusCeva or its affiliates. The
registration of the following trademarks is pending in the United States: ParthusCeva, the ParthusCeva logo, Ceva, the Ceva logo, SmartCores, Assyst, Parthus, the Parthus logo, MachStream, MobiStream, WarpStream, MediaStream, BlueStream and
NavStream. Application for the following trademarks is pending in other jurisdictions: ParthusCeva, the ParthusCeva logo, Ceva, the Ceva logo, SmartCores, Assyst, Parthus, the Parthus logo, MachStream, MobiStream, WarpStream, MediaStream,
InfoStream, BlueStream and NavStream. The following trademarks are in use: PalmASSYST, PINE ASSYST SIMULATOR, XpertTeak, XpertDSP, XpertPalm, OpenKey, DSCKey, VoPKey, EDP, SmartCores Enabled, PDKit, ODKit, TLDKit, TDKit and In8Stream. All other
trademarks and service marks appearing in this prospectus are the property of their respective owners.
3
Summary Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Condensed Consolidated Financial Data
The following table presents summary unaudited pro forma combined condensed consolidated financial data of
ParthusCeva, giving effect to the combination of Parthus and Ceva as if it had occurred as of January 1, 2001 for statements of operations purposes and on June 30, 2002 for balance sheet purposes. Per share data and the number of shares outstanding
have been computed on the assumption that one share of Cevas common stock will be distributed for every three shares of DSP Groups common stock outstanding on the record date for the distribution and that the aggregate number of shares
of Cevas common stock to be issued to Parthus shareholders in connection with the combination will represent 49.9% of the total number of shares of ParthusCevas common stock outstanding after the combination. This information should be
read in conjunction with the unaudited pro forma combined condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. This summary unaudited pro forma combined condensed consolidated financial data is
presented for illustrative purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the operating results or financial position that would have been achieved had the combination been consummated as of the dates indicated or that may be achieved in the
future.
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Year Ended
December 31,
2001
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Six Months
Ended
June 30,
2002
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(U.S. Dollars in thousands)
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Pro Forma Combined Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations Data:
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Revenues
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$
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66,163
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$
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30,173
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Gross profit
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52,848
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24,913
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Operating expenses
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82,532
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33,302
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Operating loss
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(29,684
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(8,389
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Net loss for the period
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$
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(26,724
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$
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(7,759
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Basic and diluted net loss per share
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$
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(1.48
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$
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(0.43
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Weighted average number of shares used in computing basic and diluted net loss per share
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18,003
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18,003
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June 30, 2002
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(U.S. Dollars in thousands)
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Pro Forma Combined Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:
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Cash and cash equivalents
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$
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90,643
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Working capital
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76,564
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Total assets
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238,190
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Total stockholders equity
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$
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203,423
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4
Summary Historical Consolidated Financial Data of Ceva
The following table presents summary historical consolidated financial data of Ceva, giving effect to the transfer of the DSP cores
licensing business from DSP Group to Ceva as if this business had operated as a separate entity throughout the relevant periods. This information should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in
this prospectus. This summary historical consolidated financial data is presented for illustrative purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the operating results or financial position that would have been achieved had the separation been
consummated as of the dates indicated or that may be achieved in the future.
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Year Ended
December 31,
2001
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Six Months
Ended
June 30, 2002
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(U.S. Dollars in thousands)
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Consolidated Statement of Income Data:
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Revenues
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$
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25,244
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$
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8,682
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Gross profit
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23,993
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8,066
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Operating expenses
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10,845
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6,064
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Operating income
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13,148
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2,002
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Net income
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$
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10,355
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$
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1,510
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June 30, 2002
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(U.S. Dollars in thousands)
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Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:
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Working capital
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$
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6,055
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Total assets
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14,544
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Total stockholders equity and Parent company investment
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$
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8,738
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5
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus and other materials filed or to be
filed by ParthusCeva with the Securities and Exchange Commission, as well as information included in oral statements or other written statements made or to be made by ParthusCeva, contain forward-looking statements that involve risks and
uncertainties. These forward-looking statements are not historical facts but rather are based on current expectations, estimates and projections about our industry, our beliefs and assumptions. We use words such as anticipate,
expect, intend, plan, believe, seek, estimate and variations of these words and similar expressions to identify forward-looking statements. These statements are not guarantees
of future performance and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and other factors, some of which are beyond our control, are difficult to predict and could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or forecasted in the
forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include those described in Risk Factors and elsewhere in this prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus. You should not place undue reliance on
these forward-looking statements, which reflect our view only as of the date of this prospectus.
6
You should carefully consider each of the following risks and
uncertainties associated with our company and ownership of our common stock, as well as all other information set forth in this prospectus. Holding our common stock involves risk. The occurrence of any of the following risks could materially and
adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results, which could result in a decline in the trading price of our common stock.
RISKS RELATING TO THE SEPARATION OF
OUR DSP CORES LICENSING BUSINESS FROM DSP GROUP
We may have potential business conflicts of interest with DSP Group with respect to our past and ongoing relationships and we may not be able to
resolve these conflicts on terms that are most favorable to us.
Conflicts of interest may arise between DSP
Group and us in a number of areas relating to our past and ongoing relationships, including:
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labor, tax, employee benefit, indemnification and other matters arising from our separation from DSP Group;
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intellectual property matters;
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employee retention and recruiting;
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the nature, quality and pricing of transitional services DSP Group has agreed to provide us; and
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business opportunities that may be attractive to both DSP Group and us.
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We may not be able to resolve any of the potential conflicts of interest discussed above, and even if we do, the resolution may be less favorable than if we were dealing
with an unaffiliated party. Under the separation agreement, DSP Group has agreed not to compete with us for a period of five years in the business of developing and licensing designs for programmable digital signal processor cores, and we have
agreed not to compete with DSP Group in the business of designing, manufacturing and marketing high performance digital signal processor-based integrated circuit devices for integrated digital cordless telephones and voice-over broadband products
for a period of five years.
We currently use DSP Groups operational, administrative and technical infrastructure and if these
services are not sufficient to meet our needs or if we are not able to replace these services, we may be unable to manage critical operational functions of our business.
Pursuant to our transition services agreements, DSP Group and its subsidiaries have agreed to provide us and our subsidiaries with certain general and administrative
services, including management and information services and network, hardware and software maintenance and support.
In addition, DSP Group, Ltd. has assigned to us a lease covering the facilities we will occupy in Herzeliya, Israel. We also use a portion of DSP Groups Santa Clara, California facilities under the transition services
agreements referred to above.
The transition services agreements provide that DSP Group and its subsidiaries will
continue to provide these services to us in exchange for fees payable by us to DSP Group and its subsidiaries until terminated in accordance with their terms. Although those entities are contractually obligated to provide us with these services,
these services may not be provided at the same level as when we were part of DSP Group, and we may not be able to obtain the same benefits. In addition, we cannot assure you that during the initial terms of the transition services agreements, the
quality of services and level of responsiveness will meet our needs. If we are unable to obtain sufficient quality of these services or replace these services which are not effectively provided, our business and results of operations could be
harmed.
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After the initial terms of the transition services agreements, we will need to
either extend the term of these agreements, engage others to perform these services or perform these services internally. We cannot assure you that DSP Group or its subsidiaries will continue to provide us with these services after the initial terms
of the transition services agreements, that the quality of services and level of responsiveness will meet our needs or that the cost of these services will not be significantly higher if we purchase them from unaffiliated providers or employ staff
to handle them internally.
Although agreed in the context of arms-length negotiations between DSP Group and
Parthus in connection with the combination, the transition services agreements were entered into in the context of a parent-subsidiary relationship with DSP Group. As a result, the prices charged to us under these transition services agreements may
be lower than the prices that we may be required to pay third parties for similar services or the costs of similar services if we undertake them ourselves. If we fail to find replacements for these services in a timely fashion, or if we are not able
to replace them on favorable terms, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be harmed.
For a more detailed description of the services provided to us by DSP Group and certain of its subsidiaries, please see Separation of DSP Cores Licensing Business from DSP Group.
Restrictions on our ability to issue stock and take certain other actions could inhibit our growth.
The restrictions in the separation agreement on issuances of our capital stock and other specified actions by us during the one-year period following the distribution,
or the liquidation, disposition or discontinuation of the DSP cores licensing business during the two-year period following the distribution, and the requirement that we indemnify DSP Group if we do not comply with these restrictions, could limit
our ability to grow our business and compete effectively during the period following the distribution. In addition, these restrictions and indemnification obligations could make us a less attractive acquisition or merger candidate during this
period.
We could be subject to joint and several liability for taxes of DSP Group.
As a former member of a group filing consolidated income tax returns with DSP Group, we could be liable for federal income taxes of DSP
Group and other members of the consolidated group, including taxes, if any, incurred by DSP Group on the distribution of our stock to the stockholders of DSP Group. DSP Group has agreed to indemnify us against these taxes, other than taxes for which
we have agreed to indemnify DSP Group pursuant to the terms of the tax indemnification and allocation agreement and separation agreement we entered into with DSP Group.
Our historical financial information may not be representative of our results as a separate company.
Cevas historical consolidated financial statements have been carved out from the consolidated financial statements of DSP Group using the historical results of operations and historical bases of
the assets and liabilities of the DSP cores licensing business. Accordingly, the historical financial information we have included in this prospectus does not necessarily reflect what our financial position, results of operations and cash flows
would have been had this business operated as a separate, stand-alone entity during the periods presented. DSP Group did not account for us, and we did not operate, as a separate, stand-alone entity for the periods presented. Our costs and expenses
include allocations from DSP Group for centralized corporate services and infrastructure costs, including accounting and legal, research and development, sales and marketing, and general administration costs. In addition, because Cevas
financial statements included herein relate to a period ending several months prior to the separation of the DSP cores licensing business from DSP Group, the balances of assets and liabilities transferred in the separation will be subject to change
between the date of the financial statements and the separation.
These allocations have been determined on bases
that we and DSP Group consider to reasonably reflect the utilization of services provided to us or the benefit we received. The historical financial information for Ceva and
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Parthus presented herein is not necessarily indicative of what our results of operations, financial position and cash flows will be in the future. We have not made adjustments to either
companys historical financial information to reflect the significant changes in the cost structure, funding and operations which will result from the separation of the DSP cores licensing business from DSP Group and the combination with
Parthus, potentially including increased costs associated with reduced economies of scale, increased marketing expenses related to building our brand and increased costs associated with being a stand-alone, publicly traded company. If our actual
results differ significantly from these estimates, our stock price could be harmed.
Some of our directors and executive officers may
have conflicts of interest because of their ownership of DSP Groups common stock.
Some of our directors
and executive officers, including Eliyahu Ayalon, the Chairman of our board of directors, Gideon Wertheizer, our Executive Vice PresidentBusiness Development and Chief Technology Officer, Issachar Ohana, our Vice President and General Manager
of the DSP Intellectual Property Licensing Division and Bat-Sheva Ovadia, our Chief ScientistDSP Technologies, will continue to hold a significant number of shares of DSP Groups common stock and options to purchase shares of DSP
Groups common stock. Ownership of DSP Groups common stock by certain of our directors and executive officers after our separation from DSP Group could create, or appear to create, conflicts of interest when they are faced with decisions
that could have different implications for DSP Group and us.
RISKS RELATING TO THE DISTRIBUTION
We have agreed to indemnify DSP Group if certain of our actions or Parthus actions cause the distribution to be taxable to DSP Group.
DSP Group has received a private letter ruling from the Internal Revenue Service to the effect that, among
other things, the distribution of our stock to the DSP Group stockholders will be tax-free under Section 355 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and that the receipt of shares of our common stock in the distribution will not result in
the recognition of income, gain or loss to stockholders of DSP Group for federal income tax purposes. The continuing validity of this ruling is subject to factual representations and assumptions made in the private letter ruling request. We are not
currently aware of any facts or circumstances which would cause these representations and assumptions to be untrue.
Notwithstanding the receipt of this private letter ruling, if we and/or DSP Group engage in certain activities, the distribution may become taxable to DSP Group and possibly to its stockholders. For example, it is possible that even
a small issuance of our capital stock, when combined with the 49.9% of our capital stock issued to shareholders of Parthus in the combination, may cause the distribution to be taxable.
The separation agreement generally provides that we will not issue capital stock or take other specified actions during the one-year period following the distribution, or
liquidate, dispose of, discontinue or take similar actions with respect to the DSP cores licensing business during the two-year period following the distribution, unless either DSP Group consents to the action, or we receive a supplemental ruling
from the Internal Revenue Service or an opinion of tax counsel satisfactory to DSP Group providing that the action will not cause the distribution to be taxable to either DSP Group or to its stockholders.
If we make such an issuance or take any other prohibited actions without complying with the terms of the separation agreement, we will be
required to indemnify DSP Group for any resulting tax liability.
We also have agreed to indemnify DSP Group for
any tax liability of DSP Group to the extent that the liability results from the inaccuracy of any factual information provided or representation made by Parthus, or by us after the distribution, in the application for rulings filed with the
Internal Revenue Service or in connection with any tax opinion regarding the separation and distribution.
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If the distribution were rendered taxable to DSP Group and its stockholders,
then:
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corporate-level taxable gain would be recognized by DSP Group in an amount equal to the difference between the market value of the Cevas common stock at
the time of distribution to the DSP Group stockholders and DSP Groups basis in that stock (and the tax would be determined by multiplying such gain by DSP Groups net effective tax rate at the time of the distribution (currently
approximately 38%)); and
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each holder of DSP Groups common stock who received shares of our common stock in the distribution would be treated as having received a taxable dividend
in an amount equal to the fair market value of our common stock received (assuming that DSP Group had sufficient current or accumulated earnings and profits).
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The distribution could adversely affect the aggregate value of an existing investment in DSP Groups common stock.
Following the separation and distribution, the value of our common stock and DSP Groups common stock will not necessarily be related. The combined value of our common
stock and DSP Groups common stock after the separation and distribution may be less than the trading price of DSP Groups common stock immediately before the separation and distribution. As a result of the separation and distribution, the
trading price range of DSP Groups common stock may be lower than the trading price range of DSP Groups common stock immediately before the separation and distribution.
RISKS RELATING TO THE COMBINATION OF PARTHUS AND CEVA
You
should not consider any particular information in this prospectus, in published news reports, or any published financial targets, without carefully evaluating the risks and other information contained in this prospectus.
During April 2002, articles appeared in the Irish and the U.K. press regarding the combination, including statements that
ParthusCevas target for revenues in 2003 is approximately $75-$80 million with targeted profits between $17-$18 million. These stories also noted that the combined companys current strategic goal is to achieve operating margins of
approximately 20% in 2003. You should be aware that these targets are forward looking statements that are necessarily speculative in nature and it can be anticipated that one or more of the estimates or assumptions upon which the published
projections were based will not materialize, or will vary significantly from actual results, and that these variances will likely increase over time. In addition, the financial and business targets appearing or reflected in these articles were based
on information available in April 2002, and have not been updated for any subsequently available information, including the continued worldwide slow-down in the semiconductor industry and significant depression in share equity values. Accordingly,
our actual results are likely to vary from such targets, and those variations may be material.
A number of factors could impair our
ability to successfully integrate the businesses of Parthus and Ceva, and thereby harm the combined companys business, financial condition and operating results.
We must integrate the operations of Ceva and Parthus, each of which has previously operated independently of the other. We cannot assure you that we will be able to
successfully integrate these businesses in a timely and efficient manner, if at all. To integrate operations, we will need to focus on a number of key tasks, including:
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retaining and integrating management, engineering and other key employees of each of Ceva and Parthus;
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retaining existing customers, suppliers, distributors, licensees, vendors and others that have historically done business with Ceva or Parthus;
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integrating sales efforts so that customers can do business easily with the combined company; and
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preventing delays in ongoing research and development activities to permit efficient time-to-market introductions and time-to-volume production for acquired
products and new technologies.
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We may face difficulties in effecting the successful
integration of these businesses, including the following:
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impairment and/or loss of relationships with employees, customers, suppliers, distributors, licensees, vendors and others that have historically done business
with Ceva or Parthus;
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adverse financial results associated with integration of the two businesses, including unanticipated expenses related to the integration and deployment of
acquired technologies; and
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disruption of our business and distraction of our management.
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In addition, the anticipated benefits of the combination may not be realized because, among other reasons:
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ParthusCevas technology may not be as robust as expected or may not achieve the expected performance, features or product yield;
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ParthusCevas intellectual property, including its patent portfolio, may not be as valuable as expected; and
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the value of the combination may not be accretive.
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We may not succeed in addressing these risks. Further, we cannot assure you that our growth rate will equal the historical growth rates experienced by Ceva or Parthus.
The integration of Parthus and Ceva, as well as any future acquisitions or strategic investments, could interrupt our business and our financial condition
could be harmed.
The integration of Parthus and Ceva and any future acquisitions or strategic investments may
entail numerous risks, including the following:
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difficulties integrating acquired operations, personnel, technologies or products;
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diversion of managements focus from our core business concerns;
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write-offs related to acquired assets, including write-offs related to impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets; and
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dilution to existing stockholders and earnings per share.
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Any such difficulties encountered as a result of the integration of Parthus and Ceva or any future acquisitions or strategic investments could adversely affect our
business, operating results and financial condition. In July 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, which requires that
goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives no longer be amortized, but instead be tested for impairment annually, or more frequently when events or circumstances occur indicating that goodwill might be impaired. If we determine
through the impairment review process that goodwill has been impaired, we will record the impairment charge in our statement of operations. Any future write-off of goodwill or intangible assets could be significant and would likely have an adverse
impact on our reported operating results. As a result, the market price of ParthusCevas common stock could be significantly and adversely affected.
In connection with the combination, we expect to write off substantial acquired in-process research and development, which may adversely affect our stock price.
The amount of excess cost attributable to in-process research and development of Parthus is estimated to be approximately $16.5 million. This in-process research and
development was not considered to have reached technological feasibility and had no alternative or future use and, in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, the value of such in-process research and development will be expensed by
ParthusCeva.
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This amount will be recorded as part of ParthusCevas research and development expense in the fiscal quarter during which the combination is consummated. This write-off will reduce
ParthusCevas net income, negatively impact ParthusCevas results of operations and reduce ParthusCevas earnings per share for that fiscal quarter. As a result, ParthusCevas stock price could be significantly and adversely
affected.
Employee uncertainty related to the combination could harm the combined company.
Former Ceva and Parthus employees may experience uncertainty about their future roles with the combined company until or after strategies
for ParthusCeva are implemented and may terminate their respective employment relationships as a result of the combination. In addition, we may streamline our operations to achieve cost savings or in response to general economic conditions. We
cannot assure you that any such efforts will be properly tailored or will achieve the cost savings and other benefits we want. Employee uncertainty may adversely affect our ability to attract and retain employees necessary to implement our
strategies and may disrupt our operations.
RISKS RELATING TO THE PARTHUSCEVA BUSINESS
We may not be successful in licensing integrated, system-level solutions.
We intend to offer our application-level IP platforms built around our DSP cores, as well as to continue to offer our DSP cores and IP platforms on a stand-alone basis, as
Ceva and Parthus, respectively, have done in the past. We have no experience in offering DSP cores and IP platforms as an integrated solution, and may not be successful in obtaining licensees for these integrated solutions. Any licenses for these
integrated solutions may be on terms less favorable than we currently anticipate.
We may be required to invest
substantial resources, including to support additional sales and marketing efforts and to fund additional research and development expenditures, to attract customers and improve the technologies for our integrated solutions. We cannot assure you
that any increased expenditure related to the offering of our integrated solutions will generate a corresponding return for our business.
We rely significantly on revenue derived from a small number of licensees and customers and the success of the products they introduce, and our business and results of operations may be materially harmed if we do not continue to
obtain agreements with new customers or expand our relationships with existing and former customers.
We
expect that a limited number of licensees and customers will account for a substantial portion of our revenues in any period. For example, two DSP core licensees generated more than 58% of Cevas revenues in the second quarter of 2002 with
revenues from one licensee accounting for 35%. Similarly, more than 10% of Parthus annual revenues in each of 1999, 2000 and 2001 were derived from a single customer, STMicroelectronics. We expect to continue to derive a significant portion of
our revenue from a small number of licensees and customers in the future.
Moreover, we anticipate that we will
depend upon new license agreements and purchase orders to generate revenues for future quarters because, historically, Cevas license agreements have not generally provided for substantial ongoing license payments, although they may provide for
royalties based on product shipments. Therefore, significant portions of our anticipated future revenue will likely depend upon our success in attracting new customers or expanding our relationships with existing and former customers. Our ability to
attract new customers and expand our relationships with existing and former customers will depend on a variety of factors, including the performance, quality, breadth and depth of our current and future products. Our failure to obtain agreements
with these customers will impede our future revenue growth.
In addition, our unit royalties from licenses are
totally dependent upon the success of our licensees in introducing products incorporating our technology and the success of those products in the marketplace. If we do not retain our current licensees and customers and continue to attract new
licensees and customers, our business may be harmed.
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Our quarterly operating results will fluctuate due to a variety of factors and are not a meaningful
indicator of future quarterly performance.
The operating results of each of Cevas DSP cores licensing
business and Parthus IP platforms licensing business have fluctuated from quarter to quarter in the past, and our operating results as a combined company may continue to do so in the future. As a result, it is possible that in some quarters,
ParthusCevas operating results could be below the expectations of securities analysts and investors, which could cause our stock price to fall. Factors that may affect our results of operations in the future include, among other things:
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timely introduction, demand and market acceptance of new or enhanced products;
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new product announcements and introductions by competitors;
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supply constraints for and changes in the cost of components incorporated in our products;
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timing and volume of orders and production;
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gain or loss of significant customers, licensees, distributors and suppliers; and
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changes in our pricing policies and those of our competitors and suppliers.
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ParthusCevas operating results will also be affected by general economic and other conditions affecting the timing of customer orders and capital spending.
Unfavorable general economic conditions have harmed Cevas DSP cores licensing business and Parthus IP platforms licensing business in the past and may continue to harm our business in the future.
Seasonal trends may cause our quarterly operating results to fluctuate, which may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
Historically, there have been seasonal variations in the operating results of our DSP cores licensing business. Typically this
business has generated more licensing revenues in the last quarter of the fiscal year, which we believe may be due to our licensees desire to exhaust their year-end budgets, as well as prepare for the next years new design trends. These
seasonal trends may cause ParthusCevas operating results to fluctuate, which may have an adverse effect on our stock price.
We
depend on market acceptance of third-party semiconductor intellectual property.
In recent years, both the
manufacturing processes and the complexity of semiconductor chips have advanced significantly, requiring chip manufacturers to either devote the substantial resources required to develop all of the components found in many of todays complex
chips, or outsource some of these functions to third parties. Due to a lack of qualified personnel, many semiconductor designers and manufacturers are increasingly licensing from third parties proven re-useable intellectual property components, such
as DSP cores, general purpose processors, memory technologies and logic blocks. Our programmable DSP technology is part of a relatively young and evolving market for third-party semiconductor intellectual property (SIP). Our future growth will
depend on the level of acceptance by the market of this intellectual property concept and the variety of intellectual property offerings available on the market, which to a large extent are not in our control. If the market shifts and third-party
SIP is no longer desired by our customers, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be materially harmed.
Since we do not sell our products directly to end users, we depend on the success of our licensees to promote our solutions in the marketplace.
We license our technology primarily to semiconductor companies, such as STMicroelectronics, Texas Instruments and National Semiconductor, who then incorporate our
technology into the products they sell or incorporate our intellectual property with technology from other sources to produce components that they sell. We rely to a large extent on manufacturers and designers of application-specific integrated
circuits (ASICs) and
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application-specific standard products (ASSPs) to add value to our licensed DSP cores by providing complete SmartCores-based programmable DSP solutions to meet the specific application needs of
system OEMs. We believe that our licensee network is essential to improving our brand name recognition, bringing more rapid acceptance of our architectures and platforms and ensuring that there are multiple, reliable sources of products
incorporating our technologies available at competitive prices. We cannot assure you that we will be able to maintain our current relationships or establish new relationships with additional licensees, and any failure by us to do so could have a
material adverse effect on our business. Existing and potential licensees are not contractually obligated to use our architecture and some of them design and develop processors based on competing architectures, including their own, and others may do
so in the future. None of our current semiconductor manufacturer customers is obligated to license new or future generations of our technology designs. In addition, because we do not control the business practices of our customers, we do not
influence the degree to which they promote our technology or set the prices at which they sell products incorporating our technology to consumer product manufacturers. We cannot assure you that our licensees will devote satisfactory efforts to
promote our solutions which is important to our business and future growth.
We also depend significantly on system OEMs to adopt our
solutions and on their success in selling products containing our technology.
Although we have licensed
directly to system OEMs in the past, these companies typically purchase chips or components containing our technology from our semiconductor manufacturing licensees. As system OEMs are the creators of many of the final products containing our
technology, our success is substantially dependent upon the adoption and continued use of chips containing our technology by system OEMs. We face numerous risks because of this fact, including the potential difficulties in persuading large system
OEMs to rely on our technology for their critical components, rather than developing the technology themselves or relying on competing products of more established companies with greater resources and name recognition than we have. In addition, we
might face difficulties in persuading users of our technologies to bear certain development costs associated with adopting our technologies and to make other necessary investments to produce embedded processors using our technologies, and of
electronic product manufacturers to incorporate our technologies into their products. We depend on electronic product manufacturers to incorporate our technology in their products, and any failure by them to do so or to successfully sell their
products to end users could substantially limit our revenue growth.
We also face substantial risks which are
beyond our control that influence the success or failure of our existing or potential system OEM customers, including the competition they face and the market acceptance of their products; their engineering, marketing and management capabilities and
the technical challenges unrelated to our technology that they face in developing their products; and their financial and other resources. The failure of one or more of the system OEMs using our technology may have a material adverse effect on our
business, results of operations and financial condition.
If we are unable to meet the changing needs of our end-users or address
evolving market demands, our business may be harmed.
The markets for programmable DSP cores and IP platforms
are characterized by rapidly changing technology, emerging markets and new and developing end-user needs, requiring significant expenditure for research and development. Our future success will depend on our ability to develop enhancements to and
new generations of our IP platforms and our SmartCores family of DSP cores, DSP based sub-systems and related development tools to address the requirements of specific product applications, and to introduce these new technologies in a timely manner.
Our success will further depend upon our ability to successfully identify, anticipate and respond to technological changes in hardware, software and architecture, and the needs associated with emerging markets within our field. We cannot assure you
that we will be able to introduce systems and solutions that reflect prevailing industry standards on a timely basis, to meet the specific technical requirements of our end-users or to avoid significant losses due to rapid decreases in market prices
of our products, and our failure to do so may seriously harm our business.
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To remain competitive, we must be able to meet our needs for substantial capital, and financing from
other sources may not be available on favorable terms, if at all.
We believe that success in our markets
requires substantial capital in order to maintain the flexibility to take advantage of opportunities as they arise and to fund our anticipated combined research and development needs. Our capital requirements may vary greatly from quarter to
quarter, depending on, among other things, capital expenditures, fluctuations in our operating results, financing activities, acquisitions and investments and receipt of receivables. In the past, capital needs for our DSP cores licensing business
have been satisfied by DSP Group. However, as a result of the separation of the DSP cores licensing business from DSP Group, DSP Group will no longer provide funds to finance our working capital or other cash requirements. We believe that the
existing resources of Ceva and Parthus, including existing cash and cash equivalents, and anticipated cash flows from operations, will be adequate to meet the combined companys projected working capital, capital expenditure and research and
development requirements for at least the next 12 months. However, we may need to raise funds sooner if, among other things, we acquire additional businesses, products or technologies. We cannot assure you that additional financing will be available
on commercially reasonable terms, if at all, which may prevent ParthusCeva from taking advantage of available opportunities. To the extent that existing resources and anticipated cash flows are not adequate for the combined companys
operational and other cash needs, our operating results and financial position could be harmed. If additional funds were raised through the issuance of equity securities, your percentage ownership in ParthusCeva would be reduced. Moreover, our
ability to raise funds using equity securities may be limited because the separation agreement provides that we will not issue capital stock or take certain other actions during the one-year period following the distribution unless either DSP Group
consents to the action or we receive a supplemental ruling from the Internal Revenue Service or an opinion of tax counsel satisfactory to DSP Group to the effect that the action will not cause the distribution to be taxable to either DSP Group or
its stockholders. If we were to issue equity securities without fulfilling these conditions, we would be required to indemnify DSP Group if such issuance causes the distribution to be taxable to DSP Group. Similarly, future debt financings could
involve restrictive covenants that may limit our ability to manage and grow our business.
We depend on a limited number of key
personnel who would be difficult to replace. If we lose the services of these individuals or cannot hire additional qualified personnel, our business will be harmed.
The success of ParthusCeva will depend to a significant extent upon our key employees and senior management. The loss of the service of these employees could materially
harm us. We believe that the future success of ParthusCeva will depend in large part upon our ability to attract and retain highly skilled technical, managerial and marketing personnel. Competition for skilled employees in these fields is intense.
We cannot assure you that we will be successful in attracting and retaining the required personnel. In addition, we cannot assure you that the Ceva and Parthus management teams who became part of our company as a result of the separation and the
combination, or their respective employees, will remain employed by ParthusCeva, or if they remain employed, will successfully work together to build our business.
The continued growth and success of ParthusCeva will also depend on the managerial and technical skills of key technical, sales and management personnel, whose knowledge of
our business and industry would be difficult to replace. In addition, although Ceva employees have executed agreements containing non-competition provisions, the enforceability of these provisions in Israel has been questioned and we cannot assure
you that a court would enforce the terms of these provisions. Because of these facts, our employees could join competitors. If any of the members of ParthusCevas senior management team, including Kevin Fielding, Gideon Wertheizer or Eoin
Gilley, are unable or unwilling to continue in ParthusCevas employ, our results of operations could be materially harmed.
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ParthusCevas success will also depend on our ability to manage our expanding and geographically
dispersed operations successfully.
Any expansion of our operations in the near future is likely to place a
significant strain on our existing managerial resources and may require us to retain additional management personnel. Expansion may also require us to implement additional operating and financial controls, improve coordination among engineering and
finance functions, and hire additional personnel. As part of this process, we would need to install additional reporting and management information systems for production monitoring and financial reporting. To the extent we are unable to attract
additional management personnel in a timely fashion, or lose the services of our existing management personnel, our operating results and financial position could be harmed.
Although ParthusCeva will be headquartered in San Jose, California, most of our executives will be based in Dublin, Ireland and Herzeliya, Israel and most of our employees
will be based in Dublin. Accordingly, our ability to compete successfully will depend in part on the ability of a limited number of key executives located in geographically dispersed offices to integrate management, address the needs of
ParthusCevas customers and respond to changes in our markets. If we are unable to effectively manage our remote operations, our business may be harmed.
We may seek to expand our business through acquisitions that could result in diversion of resources and extra expenses, which could disrupt our business and harm our financial condition.
We may pursue acquisitions of businesses, products and technologies, or establish joint venture arrangements in the future that could
expand our business. The negotiation of potential acquisitions or joint ventures, as well as the integration of acquired or jointly developed businesses, technologies or products could cause diversion of managements time and our resources.
Future acquisitions could result in:
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potential dilutive issuances of equity securities;
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the incurrence of debt and contingent liabilities;
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amortization of intangibles and impairment of goodwill;
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research and development write-offs; and
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other acquisition-related expenses.
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Acquired businesses or joint ventures may not be successfully integrated with our operations. If any acquisition or joint venture were to occur, ParthusCeva may not receive the intended benefits of the
acquisition or joint venture. If future acquisitions or joint ventures disrupt our operations, or if we have difficulty integrating the businesses or technologies we acquire, our business, financial condition and results of operations could suffer.
ParthusCeva may not be able to adequately protect its intellectual property.
ParthusCevas success and ability to compete will depend in large part upon protecting our proprietary technologies. We will rely on
a combination of patent, copyright, trademark, trade secret, mask work and other intellectual property rights, confidentiality procedures and licensing arrangements to establish and protect our proprietary rights. These agreements and measures may
not be sufficient to protect our technology from third-party infringement, or to protect us from the claims of others. As a result, we face risks associated with our patent position, including the potential need to engage in significant legal
proceedings to enforce our patents, the possibility that the validity or enforceability of our patents may be denied, the possibility that third parties will be able to compete against us without infringing our patents and the possibility that our
products may infringe patent rights of third parties.
As part of their confidentiality procedures, both
Cevas DSP cores licensing business and Parthus IP platforms licensing business generally have entered into non-disclosure agreements with their employees, consultants and corporate partners and have attempted to control access to and
distribution of their technologies,
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documentation and other proprietary information. We plan to continue these procedures. Despite these procedures, third parties could copy or otherwise obtain and make unauthorized use of our
technologies or independently develop similar technologies. The steps Parthus and Ceva have taken and that ParthusCeva may take in the future may not prevent misappropriation of our solutions or technologies, particularly in foreign countries where
laws or law enforcement practices may not protect our proprietary rights as fully as in the United States.
Effective protection of intellectual property rights may be unavailable or limited, both in the United States and in foreign countries. Patent protection throughout the world is generally established on a country-by-country basis.
Ceva and Parthus have applied for patent protection for some of their technologies both inside the United States and in various countries outside the United States. However, we cannot assure you that pending patents that are being transferred
and assigned to ParthusCeva will issue or that the issued patents will be valid or enforceable. We cannot assure you that the protection of our proprietary rights will be adequate or that our competitors will not independently develop similar
technologies, duplicate our services or design around any patents or other intellectual property rights we hold.
Our tradenames or trademarks may be registered or utilized by third parties in countries other than those in which we have registered them, impairing our ability to enter and compete in these markets. In the United States, the
trademark SmartCore has been registered by an unrelated company. While we have successfully co-existed with this other trademark holder, we cannot assure you that this state of affairs will continue. If we were forced to change any of our brand
names, we could lose a significant amount of our brand equity.
If we fail to protect our intellectual property
rights and proprietary technologies adequately, if there are changes in applicable laws that are adverse to our interests, or if we become involved in litigation relating to our intellectual property rights and proprietary technologies or relating
to the intellectual property rights of others, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be harmed.
Our
business will suffer if we are sued for infringement of the intellectual property rights of third parties or if we cannot obtain licenses to these rights on commercially acceptable terms.
Although neither DSP Group (with respect to the DSP cores licensing business) nor Parthus was involved in any material litigation regarding its respective intellectual
property prior to the combination, we will be subject to the risk of adverse claims and litigation alleging infringement of the intellectual property rights of others in the future. Many participants in the semiconductor intellectual property
industry have an increasing number of patents and patent applications and have frequently demonstrated a readiness to pursue litigation based on allegations of patent and other intellectual property infringement. Our products rely on technology that
could be the subject of existing patents or patent applications of third parties. There are a large number of patents held by others, including our competitors, pertaining to the broad areas in which we are active. We have not, and cannot
reasonably, investigate all such patents. From time to time, we have become aware of patents in our technology areas and have sought legal counsel regarding the validity of such patents and their impact on how we operate our business, and we will
continue to seek such counsel when appropriate in the future. Third parties may assert infringement claims in the future with respect to our current or future products. These claims may require us to enter into license arrangements or result in
protracted and costly litigation, regardless of the merits of these claims.
Any necessary licenses may not be
available or, if available, may not be obtainable on commercially reasonable terms. If we cannot obtain necessary licenses on commercially reasonable terms, we may be forced to stop licensing our technology, and our business would be seriously
harmed. For additional discussion of our intellectual property and proprietary rights, see BusinessProprietary Rights.
In any potential dispute involving our patents or other intellectual property, our licensees could also become the target of litigation. Some of our license agreements require us to provide technical support and information
to a licensee who is subject to litigation involving the use of our technology. We are also generally bound to indemnify many of our licensees under the terms of their license agreements, particularly with respect to our IP
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platforms licensing business, and we may agree to indemnify others in the future. We could incur substantial expenses for these support and indemnification obligations. In addition to the time
and expense required for us to supply support or indemnification to these licensees, their development, marketing and sales of products incorporating our technology could be severely disrupted or shut down as a result of litigation, which in turn
could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The industries in which we
license our technologies are experiencing a challenging period of slow growth and have experienced and will continue to experience other cyclical effects which may negatively impact our operating results and business.
The primary customers for our products are semiconductor design and manufacturing companies, system OEMs and electronic equipment
manufacturers, particularly in the telecommunications field. These industries are highly cyclical and have been subject to significant economic downturns at various times. These downturns are characterized by production overcapacity and reduced
revenues, which at times may, if the downturn is sufficiently prolonged or severe, encourage semiconductor companies or electronic product manufacturers to reduce their expenditure on our technology. During 2001, the semiconductor industry as a
whole experienced the most severe contraction in its history, with total semiconductor sales worldwide declining by more than 30%, according to the Semiconductor Industry Association. The market for semiconductors used in mobile communications was
particularly hard hit, with the overall decline in sales worldwide estimated by Gartner Dataquest to have been well above 30%. If the market does not recover by the third quarter of 2002, our business could be materially and adversely affected. In
addition, economic problems in certain regions have harmed and may continue to negatively affect our business. For example, in recent years certain Asian countries have experienced significant economic difficulties, including currency devaluation
and instability, business failures and a depressed business environment. These difficulties triggered a significant downturn in the semiconductor market, resulting in reduced budgets for our solutions which, in turn, negatively impacted our Asian
activity. Our business is harmed when capital and research and development budgets of our current and potential customers are curtailed.
The slow growth of the telecommunication and semiconductor industries has resulted and may continue to result in the reduction of capital and research and development budgets or the delay of product introduction, both of
which have resulted and may continue to result in a reduction in demand for our products. Our success depends on increasing demand for products that use our technology. In particular, in 2001, more than 56% of Cevas sales of DSP cores were to
chip manufacturers whose products are incorporated in or are being developed for use in digital cellular telephones. Recently there has been a downturn in the cellular handset industry. As a result, the growth rate of sales by our customers and
potential customers has slowed significantly. Demand for other products that incorporate our DSP cores, such as MP3 devices, hard disk drives and voice over packet network services, has also weakened. For example, Cevas total revenues
decreased by 35% for the second quarter of 2002 as compared to the second quarter of 2001 as a result of the global economic slowdown which inhibited Cevas ability to obtain new licensees. Continued weakening demand for digital cellular
telephone and these other products will adversely affect our ability to maintain our current growth rate, and could harm our financial results.
Our failure to detect unknown defects could materially harm our relationship with customers, reputation and business.
Designs as complex as those we offer frequently contain undetected errors. Despite testing, errors may occur in existing or new designs, which could result in loss of revenue or market share, failure
to achieve market acceptance, diversion of development resources, injury to our reputation, indemnification claims, litigation, increased insurance costs and increased service costs, any of which could materially harm our business. Furthermore, we
often provide implementation, customization, consulting and other technical services in connection with our IP. In addition, since we typically do not control the manufacturing of products containing our technology, which are made in many different
foundries chosen by our licensees, we may be blamed for their
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manufacturing defects. Our inability to meet customer expectations in a timely manner could also result in a loss of or delay in revenue, loss of market share, failure to achieve market
acceptance, injury to our reputation, litigation and increased costs which could harm our results of operations and financial condition.
Because customers rely on our DSP core designs as a central part of their applications, errors in our products might discourage customers from purchasing our products. These errors could also result in product liability or
warranty claims. Although we attempt to reduce the risk of losses resulting from these claims through warranty disclaimers and liability limitation clauses in our license agreements, these contractual provisions may not be enforceable or sufficient
in every instance. Furthermore, although we maintain errors and omissions insurance, this insurance coverage may not adequately cover these claims. If a court refused to enforce the liability-limiting provisions of our agreements for any reason, or
if liabilities arose that were not contractually limited or adequately covered by insurance, our business could be materially harmed.
We have a very lengthy sales cycle, which increases the likelihood that our quarterly revenue will fluctuate and which may, in turn, adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
Our lengthy sales cycle may also cause our revenue and operating results to vary unpredictably from period to period. The period of time
between our initial contact with a potential customer and the receipt of a request for a quote on an intellectual property license is generally at least six months, and the time from such a request to a binding contract is generally at least another
four to six months. Due to the complexity of our technology and of the legal framework in which our industry operates, we must devote a substantial amount of time to negotiating the terms of our licensing arrangements with our customers. In
addition, customers perform, and require us to perform, extensive process and product evaluation and testing before entering into purchase or licensing arrangements. Even after we enter into an agreement and provide a final product to a customer in
the form of silicon or intellectual property, we expect that it will be at least six months more before the customer begins to sell its products incorporating our technology, and therefore even longer before we begin to receive royalty income.
Many of the milestones along the sales cycle for our IP platforms business are beyond our control and difficult
to predict. This fact makes it more difficult to forecast our quarterly results and can cause substantial variations in operating results from quarter to quarter that are unrelated to the long-term trends in our business. This lack of predictability
and variability in our results could harm our stock price and could significantly affect it in particular periods.
The markets in
which we operate are highly competitive, and as a result we could experience a loss of sales, lower prices and lower revenue.
The markets for the products in which our technology is used are highly competitive. Aggressive competition could result in substantial declines in the prices that we are able to charge for our intellectual property. It could also
cause our existing customers to move their orders to our competitors. Many of our competitors are large companies that have significantly greater financial and other resources than we have. As a result, they may be able more quickly and effectively
to:
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respond to new technologies or technical standards;
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react to changing customer requirements and expectations;
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devote needed resources to the development, production, promotion and sale of products; or
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deliver competitive products at lower prices.
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In addition, we may face increased competition from smaller, niche semiconductor design companies in the future. Some of our customers may also decide to satisfy their needs through in-house design and
production. We compete on the basis of price, product quality, design cycle time, reliability, performance, customer support, name recognition and reputation and financial strength. Our inability to compete effectively on these bases could have a
material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
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Terrorist attacks and threats or actual war may negatively impact all aspects of ParthusCevas
operations, revenues, costs and stock price.
Recent terrorist attacks in the United States, as well as any
future events occurring in response to or in connection with them, including, without limitation, future terrorist attacks against United States targets, rumors or threats of war, actual conflicts involving the United States or its allies or
military or trade disruptions impacting our domestic or foreign suppliers, may substantially negatively impact our operations. Any of these events could cause consumer confidence and spending to decrease or result in increased volatility in the
United States and worldwide financial markets and economy. They also could result in economic recession in the United States or abroad. Any of these occurrences could have a significant impact on our operating results, revenues and costs.
RISKS RELATING TO THE DSP CORES LICENSING BUSINESS
Our DSP cores licensing business depends on OEMs and their suppliers to obtain required complementary components.
Some of the raw materials, components and subassemblies included in the products manufactured by our OEM customers, which also incorporate our DSP cores products, are
obtained from a limited group of suppliers. Supply disruptions, shortages or termination of any of these sources could have an adverse effect on the business and results of operations of our DSP cores licensing business due to the delay or
discontinuance of orders for our products by customers until those necessary components are available.
The future growth of our DSP
cores licensing business depends in part on our ability to license to system OEMs and small-to-medium-sized semiconductor companies directly.
Historically our DSP cores licensing business has derived a substantial portion of its revenue in any period from license fees from a relatively small number of licenses. Because of the high license
fees we currently charge, only large semiconductor companies or vertically integrated system OEMs typically license our DSP core technologies. Part of our current growth strategy for our DSP cores licensing business is to broaden its client base by
offering tailored packages to small- and medium-sized semiconductor companies and other system OEMs to enable them to license our DSP core technology. We plan to expand the sales and marketing organization of our DSP cores licensing business for
this purpose. We cannot assure you that we will be successful in expanding this marketing and sales organization for this purpose and in promoting its products to system OEMs and small- to medium-sized semiconductor companies. If we are unable to
effectively develop and market its intellectual property through this model, our DSP cores licensing business revenues will continue to be dependent on a smaller number of licensees and the failure to secure these types of relationships could harm
our business and results of operations.
The success of our DSP cores licensing business depends on its ability to compete
successfully with other providers of DSP solutions.
The market for programmable DSP solutions is highly
competitive and is dominated by large, fully integrated semiconductor companies that have significant brand recognition, a large installed base of customers and a large network of field support and field application engineers. We and the companies
that license our technology from us compete with companies such as 3DSP, BOPS, LSI Logic and StarCore, a venture formed by Infineon, Agere and Motorola, which license DSP cores, and companies such as Analog Devices, Agere, Motorola, and Texas
Instruments, which sell their own complete general purpose DSP or application specific DSP solutions. Our DSP cores licensing business faces competition also from some of its strategic partners, which are not committed exclusively to our technology
and may develop products competing with our DSP cores products, or products based on architectures of our direct competitors.
As demand for programmable DSP solutions increases, large manufacturers of off-the-shelf chips and system manufacturers may make their intellectual property available to others, and developers of
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microprocessors, microcontrollers or other processors may devote more resources to create DSP extensions to their products. It is also possible that new competitors or alliances among competitors
could emerge. For example, Infineon, Agere and Motorola formed a venture to develop and market DSP technologies used in communications systems, wireless phones and consumer electronic products. These existing or future alliances could rapidly
acquire significant market share in our markets.
We cannot assure you that our DSP cores licensing business will
be able to compete successfully against current or future competitors, or that we will be able to improve or even maintain our competitive position or that our new products will achieve market acceptance. If our DSP cores licensing business is
unable to maintain its competitive position in the marketplace, its business, results of operations and financial condition may be harmed.
Our DSP cores licensing business may need to increase its research and development efforts to remain competitive.
The DSP cores market is experiencing extensive efforts by some of our competitors to use new technologies to manipulate their chip designs to increase the parallel processing of the chips and/or designs they offer. For
example, one such technology used is Very Long Instruction Word (VLIW), of which some of our competitors possess elements, but which we do not possess at the present time. If such technology continues to improve the programming processing of these
chips, or if other new technologies are demanded by our customers, we may need to change the focus of our research and development to obtain such technologies. Failure to do so could hurt our ability to remain competitive and could have an adverse
effect on our results of operations. Our DSP cores licensing business spent $1.6 million, or 34% of its total revenues, on research and development in the second quarter of 2002 and $5.1 million, or 20% of its total revenues, in 2001, on research
and development and we expect to continue to invest heavily in this area. However, we cannot assure you that these past or future expenditures will result in new and enhanced products or such products will be accepted in the market.
RISKS RELATING TO OUR IP PLATFORMS LICENSING BUSINESS
We utilize third-party foundries to produce the chips we sell, and any failure by them to deliver the chips we require on time could limit our ability to satisfy our customers demands.
Our business strategy calls for revenue from the sale of silicon chips embodying our intellectual property to
comprise an increasing percentage of the total revenue of our IP platforms licensing business over the next two years. We currently utilize third party foundries to produce chips using our designs. Any interruption in our relationship with these
third party foundries could harm our ability to develop this part of our business profitably. We do not have the ability to produce chips independently and thus depend on these foundries to:
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allocate a portion of their manufacturing capacity to our needs;
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produce acceptable quality silicon wafers and chips with acceptable manufacturing yields; and
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deliver chips on a timely basis at a competitive price.
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We are dependent upon our relationships with other providers of intellectual property and software in the semiconductor industry, and our ability to innovate and to meet changing market demands may
be limited if such relationships do not continue and grow.
Our ability to succeed in the mobile Internet
device market will depend on maintaining existing and developing new relationships with other providers of intellectual property and other software developers in the semiconductor industry. We believe that these relationships are important to our
continued ability to develop and license intellectual property that meets the needs of our target markets. Our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially harmed if we cannot retain or attract these types of
relationships or if one or more of our successful relationships deteriorates or is terminated.
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RISKS RELATING TO PARTHUSCEVAS INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS
Potential political, economic and military instability in Israel may adversely affect our results of operations.
Some of our principal research and development facilities are located in the State of Israel. In addition, although we are incorporated in
Delaware, some of our directors and executive officers are residents of Israel. Although substantially all of our sales currently are being made to customers outside Israel, we are nonetheless directly influenced by the political, economic and
military conditions affecting Israel. Any major hostilities involving Israel, or the interruption or curtailment of trade between Israel and its present trading partners, could significantly harm our business, operating results and financial
condition.
Israels economy has been subject to numerous destabilizing factors, including a period of
rampant inflation in the early to mid-1980s, low foreign exchange reserves, fluctuations in world commodity prices, military conflicts and civil unrest. In addition, Israel and companies doing business with Israel have been the subject of an
economic boycott by the Arab countries since Israels establishment. Although they have not done so to date, these restrictive laws and policies may have an adverse impact on our operating results, financial condition or expansion of our
business.
Since the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, a state of hostility has existed, varying in
degree and intensity, between Israel and the Arab countries. Although Israel has entered into various agreements with certain Arab countries and the Palestinian Authority, and various declarations have been signed in connection with efforts to
resolve some of the economic and political problems in the Middle East, hostilities between Israel and some of its Arab neighbors have recently escalated and intensified. We cannot predict whether or in what manner these conflicts will be resolved.
Our results of operations may be negatively affected by the obligation of key personnel to perform military service. In addition, certain of our officers and employees are currently obligated to perform annual reserve duty in the Israel Defense
Forces and are subject to being called for active military duty at any time. Although we have operated effectively under these requirements since our inception, we cannot predict the effect of these obligations on the company in the future. Our
operations could be disrupted by the absence, for a significant period, of one or more of our officers or key employees due to military service.
The Israeli tax benefits and government program that we currently receive or participate in require us to meet several conditions and may be terminated or reduced in the future, which could increase our costs.
We were assigned certain tax benefits in Israel from DSP Group, particularly as a result of the Approved Enterprise
status of our facilities and programs. To maintain our eligibility for these tax benefits, we must continue to meet certain conditions, relating principally to adherence to the investment program filed with the Investment Center of the Israeli
Ministry of Industry and Trade and to periodic reporting obligations. We believe that we will be able to continue to meet such conditions. Should we fail to meet such conditions in the future, however, these benefits would be cancelled and we would
be subject to corporate tax in Israel at the standard rate of 36%, and could be required to refund tax benefits already received. In addition, we cannot assure you that such grants and tax benefits will be continued in the future at their current
levels or otherwise.
We also receive funding as part of our participation in Magnet research programs supported
by the Office of Chief Scientist operated by Israels Ministry of Industry and Trade. In the second quarter of 2002, we received $318,000 in grants to us from these programs. In the years 2001 and 2000, we recorded $542,000 and $578,000,
respectively, in grants to us from these programs. All of these grants are non-refundable.
The termination or
reduction of certain programs and tax benefits (particularly benefits available to us as a result of the Approved Enterprise status of our facilities and programs) or a requirement to refund tax benefits already received may seriously harm our
business, operating results and financial condition.
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The corporate tax rate applicable to our IP platforms licensing business may increase, which could
adversely impact our cash flow, financial condition and results of operations.
We have significant operations
in the Republic of Ireland and a substantial portion of the taxable income on our IP platforms licensing business has historically been generated there. Currently, some of our Irish subsidiaries are taxed at rates substantially lower than U.S. tax
rates. Although there is no expectation of any changes to Irish tax law, if our Irish subsidiaries were no longer to qualify for these lower tax rates or if the applicable tax laws were rescinded or changed, our operating results could be materially
adversely affected. In addition, because the IP platforms licensing business will be owned by subsidiaries of a U.S. corporation, distributions to the U.S. corporation, and in certain circumstances undistributed income of the subsidiaries, may be
subject to U.S. tax. Moreover, if U.S. or other foreign tax authorities were to change applicable tax laws or successfully challenge the manner in which our subsidiaries profits are currently recognized, our overall taxes could increase, and
our business, cash flow, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
Our results of
operations may be affected by currency fluctuations.
Due to our multinational operations, our business is
subject to fluctuations based upon changes in the exchange rates between the U.S. dollar, British pound, the euro and new Israeli shekels, the currencies in which we collect revenues or pay expenses. Part of our expenses in Israel are paid in
Israeli currency, which subjects us to the risks of foreign currency fluctuations and to economic pressures resulting from Israels general rate of inflation. Additionally, some of our revenues and part of our expenses in Dublin, Ireland are
paid in euros, which subjects us to similar risks with respect to the European economies. While a significant part of our sales and expenses are denominated in United States dollars, a portion of our expenses are denominated in new Israeli shekels
and the euro. As a result, an increase in the value of Israeli shekels and/or the euro in comparison to the United States dollar could increase the cost of our technology development, research and development expenses and general and administrative
expenses. We cannot assure you that currency fluctuations, changes in the rate of inflation between these regions and the U.S. or any of the other factors mentioned above will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition
and results of operations. From time to time, we may use derivative instruments in order to minimize the effects of such developments. Our hedging positions may be partial, may not exist at all in the future or may not succeed to minimize our
foreign currency fluctuation risks. Our reporting currency will be the U.S. dollar and, therefore, fluctuations in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and other currencies in which we transact business may cause fluctuations in our reported
financial information.
Foreign courts might not enforce judgments rendered in the United States, which may make it difficult to
collect on judgments rendered against us.
Most of our directors and officers, as well as the experts named in
this prospectus, are not residents of the United States, and most of our assets and their assets are located outside the United States. Service of process upon our non-U.S. resident directors, officers or the experts named herein and the enforcement
of judgments obtained in the United States against us, our directors and executive officers, or the experts named herein, may be difficult to obtain.
There is also doubt as to the enforceability in Ireland and in Israel of judgments obtained in any federal or state court in the United States in civil and commercial matters, including actions
predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the U.S. securities laws. The United States does not currently have a treaty with the Republic of Ireland and/or Israel providing for the reciprocal recognition and enforcement of judgments, other
than arbitration awards, in civil and commercial matters. Therefore, a final judgment for the payment of a fixed debt or sum of money rendered by any federal or state court in the United States based on civil liability, whether or not based solely
upon the U.S. federal securities laws, would not automatically be enforceable in the Republic of Ireland or in Israel. In addition, there is doubt as to whether an Irish or an Israeli court would impose civil liability based solely on the U.S.
federal securities laws in an action brought in a court of competent jurisdiction in the Republic of Ireland or in Israel.
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RISKS RELATING TO HOLDING PARTHUSCEVA COMMON STOCK
AND TO PARTHUSCEVA BECOMING A PUBLIC COMPANY
Our
securities have no prior market, and we cannot assure you that our stock price will not decline.
There has
not been a public market for our common stock, and an active public market for our common stock may not develop or be sustained. The market price of our common stock could be subject to significant fluctuations. Among the factors that could affect
the stock price are:
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negative market reaction to the separation of the DSP cores licensing business from DSP Group;
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negative market reaction to the combination of Parthus and Ceva;
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quarterly variations in our operating results;
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changes in revenue or earnings estimates or publication of research reports by analysts;
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speculation in the press or investment community;
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strategic actions by us or our competitors, such as acquisitions or restructurings;
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actions by institutional stockholders;
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general market conditions; or
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domestic and international economic factors unrelated to our performance.
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In particular, the realization of any of the risks described above could have a significant and adverse effect on the market price of our common stock. We cannot assure you
that you will be able to resell your shares of our common stock at any particular price, or at all.
Substantial sales of our common
stock may occur in connection with the distribution and combination, which could cause our stock price to decline.
DSP Group is distributing all of the shares of our common stock it holds to DSP Groups stockholders. In addition, we are issuing new shares to all of the former Parthus shareholders as part of the combination. Other than shares
held by certain of our insiders and former Parthus affiliates under applicable securities laws, substantially all of these shares will be eligible for immediate resale in the public market. We are unable to predict whether significant
amounts of common stock will be sold in the open market following the distribution and combination. We are also unable to predict whether a sufficient number of buyers will be in the market at that time. Any sales of substantial amounts of common
stock in the public market, or the perception that such sales might occur, whether as a result of the distribution or otherwise, could harm the market price of our common stock.
Market prices of technology companies have been highly volatile and the market for our common stock may be volatile as well.
The stock market has experienced significant price and trading volume fluctuations, and the market prices of shares of technology companies generally have been extremely
volatile and have recently experienced sharp declines. Broad market fluctuations may adversely affect the trading price of our common stock regardless of our actual performance. In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a
public companys securities, securities class action litigation has often been instituted against that company. Such litigation could result in substantial costs and a diversion of managements attention and resources.
The anti-takeover provisions in our charter documents and in Delaware law could prevent or delay transactions that our stockholders may favor.
Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions which could make it harder for a third party
to acquire us without the consent of our board of directors. For example, if a potential acquirer were to make a
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hostile bid for us, the acquirer would not be able to call a special meeting of stockholders to remove our board of directors or act by written consent without a meeting. The acquirer would also
be required to provide advance notice of its proposal to remove directors at an annual meeting.
In addition, our board of directors will be authorized to issue preferred stock in series, with the terms of each series to be fixed by the board
of directors.
Section 203 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware limits business combination
transactions with 15% stockholders that have not been approved by the board of directors. These provisions and other similar provisions make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us without negotiation. These provisions may apply even if
the offer may be considered beneficial by some stockholders.
Our board of directors could choose not to negotiate
with an acquirer that it did not feel was in the strategic interests of ParthusCeva. If the acquirer were discouraged from offering to acquire us or prevented from successfully completing a hostile acquisition by the anti-takeover measures, you
could lose the opportunity to sell your shares at a favorable price.
Our ability to pay dividends is limited.
We currently intend to retain all future earnings to fund the development and growth of our business and, therefore, do not
anticipate paying any dividends. Section 170 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware provides that we can pay dividends only out of surplus or net profits for the fiscal year in which the dividend is declared and/or the preceding
fiscal year. In addition, because our Israeli subsidiary received certain benefits under Israeli laws relating to its Approved Enterprise status, the payment of dividends by our Israeli subsidiary to us may subject us to certain Israeli taxes to
which we would not otherwise be subject. For additional information regarding our dividend policy, please see Dividend Policy and Description of Capital Stock.
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SEPARATION OF DSP CORES LICENSING BUSINESS FROM DSP GROUP
Overview
In October 2000, DSP Group announced its plan to establish Ceva, one of its wholly-owned subsidiaries, as an independent business focused
on the licensing of technology for the design and manufacture of DSP cores. The separation of the DSP cores licensing business from DSP Group, including the transfer of related assets, liabilities and intellectual property rights, was substantially
completed on , 2002. DSP Group distributed its shares of Cevas common stock to the DSP Group stockholders on
, 2002.
Benefits of the Separation
We believe that we will realize benefits from the separation of the DSP cores licensing business from DSP
Group, including the following:
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Greater Strategic Focus
. DSP Group designs, manufactures and markets DSP integrated circuit devices for highly-integrated digital
cordless phones, Internet telephony devices and other digital speech products. Our focus for the DSP cores licensing business will be on developing businesses and strategic opportunities in the licensing of technology to third parties for the
manufacturing of these products. Our separation from DSP Group and the subsequent combination with Parthus will allow the board of directors, management team and employees of the combined company to focus specifically on our business and strategic
opportunities. As a combined entity, we will have a greater ability to modify our business processes and organization to fulfill our goals with respect to enhanced research and development and the creation of targeted markets and sales and support
infrastructures that better accommodate the needs of our business, customers and employees.
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Greater Management Focus.
As a stand-alone, independent company, our management can devote time and energy exclusively to our
business. Our business requires a significant amount of executive attention at the sales and marketing level because license agreements are typically not finalized without the involvement of a sophisticated negotiator. The separation will enable our
management team to focus on the licensing business without the distractions of the competing needs of DSP Groups business.
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Avoid Conflicts of Interest.
As a licensor of intellectual property, we can make our technology accessible to all potential users.
Our relationship with DSP Group raised competitive considerations for both DSP Group and potential customers of the products of the DSP cores licensing business, including direct competitors of DSP Group. We believe our separation from DSP Group
will enable us to enter into license agreements with direct competitors of DSP Group, to offer more competitive agreements to potential customers, and to enter into mergers, joint ventures and technology development relationships as the
opportunities present themselves.
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Better Incentives for Employees and Greater Accountability.
We expect the motivation of our employees and the focus of our
management will be strengthened by incentive compensation programs tied to the market performance of our common stock. Our separation from DSP Group and combination with Parthus will enable us to offer our employees compensation directly linked to
the performance of our business, which we expect to enhance our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel.
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Increased Speed and Responsiveness.
As a stand-alone company, we expect to be able to make decisions more quickly, deploy
resources more rapidly and efficiently and operate with more agility than we could as a part of a more diverse organization. In addition, we expect to enhance our responsiveness to the needs of our customers and partners.
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Direct Access to Capital Markets
. As a separate company, we will have direct access to the capital markets to finance our
operational and financial requirements, including growth through acquisitions.
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Arrangements Between Ceva and DSP Group
We have provided below a summary description of the separation agreement along with the other key agreements. The following description is a summary of the material
terms of these agreements. You should read the full text of these agreements, which have been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.
Separation Agreement
The separation agreement contains the key provisions relating to our separation from DSP Group and DSP Groups distribution of our shares to its stockholders.
The Separation
. The separation of the DSP cores licensing business from DSP Group, including the transfer of related assets, liabilities and
intellectual property rights, was substantially completed immediately prior to the consummation of Cevas combination with Parthus. The separation agreement provides for the transfer to Ceva of assets and liabilities from DSP Group related to
the DSP cores licensing business as described in this prospectus in exchange for the issuance by Ceva to DSP Group of 1,000 shares of Cevas common stock, effective on the separation date. Further, in accordance with the separation
agreement, DSP Groups Israeli subsidiary, DSP Group, Ltd., transferred to DSP Group all of the share capital of Corage, Ltd., an Israeli company, which DSP Group then contributed to Ceva. Ceva subsequently contributed all of the Corage, Ltd.
share capital to DSP Ceva, Inc., its wholly-owned subsidiary, and upon the closing of the combination, DSP Ceva, Inc. changed its name to DSP ParthusCeva, Inc. and Corage, Ltd. changed its name to ParthusCeva, Ltd. Following the separation,
ParthusCeva, Ltd. is a wholly-owned subsidiary of DSP ParthusCeva, Inc. After its contribution of assets to Ceva, DSP Group surrendered shares of Cevas common stock it held to Ceva without consideration, to adjust the number of shares of
Cevas common stock held by DSP Group, and then distributed the remaining shares of Ceva common stock it held to the DSP Group stockholders on the basis of one share of Ceva common stock for every three shares of DSP Group common stock held by
such stockholders on the record date for the distribution. Ceva then acquired Parthus pursuant to a scheme of arrangement. See Combination with Parthus Technologies plc. The various ancillary agreements that are exhibits to the
separation agreement (or forms thereof mutually agreed upon by the parties) and which detail the separation and various interim and ongoing relationships among DSP Group, its subsidiaries, Ceva and its subsidiaries following the separation date
include:
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a technology transfer agreement whereby DSP Group transfers and/or assigns certain technology, third party licenses and other contracts to Ceva;
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a technology transfer assignment and assumption agreement whereby Ceva transfer and/or assign the technology, as well as its rights under the transfer
agreement, to DSP Ceva, Inc.;
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a technology transfer agreement whereby DSP Group, Ltd. transfers and/or assigns certain technology, third party licenses and other contracts to Corage, Ltd.;
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a transition services agreement among DSP Group, DSP Ceva, Inc. and Ceva;
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a transition services agreement between DSP Group, Ltd. and Corage, Ltd.; and
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a tax indemnification and allocation agreement between DSP Group and Ceva.
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To the extent that the terms of any of these ancillary agreements conflict with the separation agreement, the terms of these agreements will govern. These agreements are
described more fully below.
The Contribution
. As part of the assets contributed to
Ceva in the separation, DSP Group also contributed to Ceva a total of the sum of $40 million as initial working capital plus cash equal to the amount by which the transaction costs of the separation and combination exceeded $2 million. In addition,
as part of the separation and distribution pursuant to the terms of the separation agreement, Ceva agreed with DSP Group to settle the intercompany investment account between them by (i) converting part of DSP Groups investment account in
27
Ceva (consisting of the value of the property, equipment and inventory) into Cevas stockholders equity, (ii) allowing DSP Group to retain all rights to Cevas accounts receivable
existing on the date of the separation, and (iii) having DSP Group retain certain of Cevas current liabilities existing on the date of separation, such that the settlement arrangement resulted in the net amount of assets retained by DSP Group
to equal the amount of the intercompany account on the date of separation (as of June 30, 2002, approximately $8.7 million).
The Distribution.
After the contribution of the assets related to the DSP cores licensing business discussed above, DSP Group surrendered shares of Cevas common stock it held to Ceva without
consideration, to adjust the number of shares of Cevas common stock held by DSP Group, and then distributed the remaining shares of Cevas common stock it held to the DSP Group stockholders on the basis of one share of Ceva common stock
for every three shares of DSP Group common stock held by such stockholders on the record date for the distribution. DSP Group did not issue any fractional shares in the distribution. Instead, DSP Group stockholders received cash for any fractional
shares owed to them in an amount equal to (1) the fractional share that would otherwise be issuable multiplied by (2) the closing price of the ParthusCeva common stock on the first day of trading of ParthusCeva common stock on Nasdaq after the
combination.
Representations, Warranties, Covenants and Indemnification Regarding the Distribution.
The separation agreement contains representations and warranties from DSP Group and Ceva as to the accuracy
of facts and representations made by DSP Group, Ceva and Parthus in connection with the tax rulings issued by the Internal Revenue Service in connection with the separation, distribution and combination. Under the separation agreement, we have
agreed that:
(a) during the two-year period immediately following completion of the distribution, we will not:
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liquidate or dispose of all or a substantial portion of the active trade or business as defined in the separation agreement;
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discontinue the conduct of our active trade or business; or
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except in accordance with the provisions of the separation agreement, dispose of any business or assets that would cause us to be operated in a manner
inconsistent in any material respect with the business purposes of the distribution as set forth in the representation letter sent to, and the tax rulings issued by, the Internal Revenue Service in connection with the separation and distribution;
and
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(b) during the one-year period immediately following completion of the distribution, we will not, except in
accordance with the terms of the separation agreement, directly or indirectly, enter into any agreement, understanding, arrangement or substantial negotiations regarding a proposed acquisition transaction (as that term is defined in the separation
agreement);
unless (1) the IRS has ruled that such action or transaction is not pursuant to a plan or series of transaction related to
the distribution, (2) DSP Group expressly consents in writing to the action or transaction, which consent may be withheld by DSP Group in its sole discretion taking into account solely the preservation of the tax-free treatment of the distribution,
or (3) we obtain a supplemental ruling from the Internal Revenue Service or a tax opinion from a nationally recognized law firm or accounting firm reasonably acceptable to DSP Group that the action will not adversely affect the tax-free status of
the distribution. In addition, we have represented and warranted that any factual information presented or representations made by Parthus (or by us after the distribution) in the application for supplemental rulings or any supplement to this
application filed with the Internal Revenue Service regarding the separation, distribution and combination are true, correct and complete.
Under the terms of the separation agreement, we have agreed to indemnify DSP Group and its affiliates for any tax liability incurred by DSP Group or such affiliates with respect to the distribution as a result of our breach
of any of our representation, warranties or covenants made in the separation agreement or in any representation letter issued by us after the combination with respect to the tax matters listed in the separation agreement.
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In the event that the Internal Revenue Service subsequently determines that DSP
Groups distribution of Cevas common stock to its stockholders is not a tax-free transaction as to DSP Group, DSP Group will recognize a corporate-level taxable gain in an amount equal to the difference between the market value of the
Cevas common stock at the time of distribution to the DSP Group stockholders and DSP Groups basis in that stock (and its tax owed would be determined by multiplying this gain by DSP Groups net effective tax rate at the time of the
distribution (currently approximately 38%)).
These rights and obligations shall survive until 30 days following
the expiration of the applicable statute of limitations. There are no limitations on the rights and obligations relating to the amount of any claim for indemnification.
In addition, each of the parties has agreed to indemnify the other with respect to:
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the failure to pay, perform or discharge any liabilities for which it is responsible under the separation agreement;
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the breach by it or any of its affiliates of the terms of the separation agreement and the ancillary agreements associated with the separation agreement; and
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the breach by it or any of its affiliates of any of the covenants or obligations in the combination agreement or any other documents or instruments executed or
delivered by that party in connection with the separation, distribution and combination. These rights and obligations shall survive until the second anniversary following the distribution date. The amount of any claims for indemnification will be
reduced by the amount of any insurance proceeds. There are no other limitations on the rights and obligations relating to the amount of any claim for indemnification.
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The limitations on the issuance of shares of our capital stock and other restrictions discussed above could have a negative impact on our financial flexibility following
the distribution.
Dispute Resolution.
If problems arise between the parties to the
separation agreement, the parties have agreed to the following procedures:
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the parties will make a good-faith effort to first resolve the dispute through negotiation;
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in connection with these attempts to resolve the dispute, the parties may agree to attempt to resolve the dispute through non-binding mediation; and
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after certain events occur as described in the separation agreement, the parties can resort to binding arbitration. In addition, under limited circumstances any
party acting in good faith may initiate litigation in lieu of complying with the arbitration provisions of the Separation Agreement.
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Noncompetition and Nonsolicitation.
Subject to the restrictions and rights set forth in the technology transfer agreements, DSP Group has agreed that for a period of five
years from the distribution date, DSP Group will not, and will ensure that affiliates of DSP Group will not, directly or indirectly engage in any business which is competitive with the DSP cores licensing business. Furthermore, we have agreed that,
subject to the restrictions and rights set forth in the technology transfer agreements, for a period of five years from the distribution date, we will not, and will ensure that our affiliates will not, directly or indirectly engage in designing,
manufacturing and marketing high performance digital signal processor-based integrated circuit devices for integrated digital cordless phones and voice-over broadband products. This restriction does not, however, prevent us from licensing our
products to third parties who use them to make these or similar products. In addition, except in accordance with the terms of the agreement, for three years after the distribution date, the parties each agree that they will not solicit for hire any
employee of the other party.
Expenses.
Each party to the separation agreement will
bear its own respective third party fees, costs and expenses paid or incurred in connection with the transactions contemplated thereby.
29
Ceva Technology Transfer Agreement
Asset Transfer and Assumption of Liabilities.
The Ceva technology transfer agreement identifies the assets, including but not limited to
intellectual property, that DSP Group transferred to us and the liabilities that we assumed from DSP Group in the separation in exchange for the issuance by us to DSP Group of shares of our common stock. The agreement also describes when and how
these transfers and assumptions occurred.
Retention of Certain
Rights.
Notwithstanding the assignment and assumption, DSP Group reserves for itself, its successors and assigns, the nonexclusive, royalty-free right to use, make, modify, reproduce, sell, import, prepare derivative works
from, and sublicense (subject to certain restrictions) the intangible property transferred by DSP Group to us, as such intangible property exists on the date of the transfer, solely in connection with the design, manufacture, development, testing,
use and sale or other distribution of its products. DSP Group also retains the right to use our trademarks and logos in connection with the marketing and distribution of its products.
DSP Ceva, Inc. Technology Transfer Agreement
The DSP Ceva,
Inc. technology transfer agreement implements the transfer from us to our wholly-owned subsidiary, DSP Ceva, Inc., of the assets transferred by DSP Group to us and the assumption by DSP Ceva, Inc. of liabilities assumed by us from DSP Group in the
separation in exchange for the issuance by DSP Ceva, Inc. to us of shares in its share capital. The agreement also describes when and how these transfers and assumptions occurred.
Corage, Ltd. Technology Transfer Agreement
Asset
Transfer and Assumption of Liabilities.
The Corage, Ltd. technology transfer agreement identifies the assets that DSP Group, Ltd., an Israeli subsidiary of DSP Group, transferred to Corage, Ltd., our Israeli subsidiary, as
well as the liabilities Corage, Ltd. assumed from DSP Group, Ltd. in the separation in exchange for the issuance by Corage, Ltd. to DSP Group, Ltd. of shares in its share capital. The agreement also describes when and how these transfers and
assumptions occurred.
Retention of Certain Rights.
Notwithstanding these
assignments and assumptions, DSP Group, Ltd. reserves, for itself and its successors and assigns, the nonexclusive, royalty-free right to use, make, modify, reproduce, sell, import, prepare derivative works from, and sublicense (subject to certain
restrictions) the intangible property transferred by DSP Group, Ltd. to us as that intangible property exists on the date of the transfer, solely in connection with the design, manufacture, development, testing, use and sale or other distribution of
its products. DSP Group, Ltd. also retains the right to use our trademarks and logos transferred to Corage, Ltd. in connection with the marketing and distribution of DSP Group, Ltd.s products.
ParthusCeva, as the owner of the intellectual property relating to the DSP cores licensing business, has the exclusive right to bring
actions against third parties for infringement of all intellectual property assigned to it. ParthusCeva also has the right to grant licenses and sublicenses of this intellectual property, and to give these rights to others (subject only to DSP
Groups existing rights). As a licensee, DSP Group has only the rights explicitly granted to it in the separation agreement and related documents, including the various technology transfer agreements. DSP Group is not able to engage in
ParthusCevas business for a period of five years after the separation, and after the non-competition period, DSP Group only has the right to grant sublicenses to the intellectual property relating to the DSP cores licensing business as part of
DSP Groups products that offer functions and features in addition to the DSP core functions. These agreements therefore prevent DSP Group from granting the type of license which ParthusCeva may grant to its licensees or customers in its
ordinary course of business.
Ceva and DSP Group have transferred the assets used for sales made by our DSP cores
licensing division in the United States to DSP Ceva, Inc. and for sales of our DSP cores licensing division made outside the United States to Corage, Ltd. to take advantage of the favorable tax treatment provided by this structure. Because
30
Corage, Ltd.s assets remain outside the United States, income from its operations that are entitled to an approved enterprise status are subject to advantageous tax rates in
Israel, and are not currently subject to U.S. taxation. In addition, in order for the transaction to be classified as a tax free transaction under the tax ruling issued by Israeli tax authorities, the transaction was structured so that Corage, Ltd.
stock was held by DSP Ceva, Inc., which is a subsidiary of Ceva after the separation. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsIsraeli Taxation and Investment Programs.
Transition Services Agreement Among DSP Group, DSP Ceva and Us
Services.
The transition services agreement governs the provision of transitional services by DSP Group to us and to DSP Ceva, Inc. after the
separation date. DSP Group is obligated to provide certain general and administrative services, including management and information services, network, hardware and software maintenance and support, to us and to DSP Ceva, Inc., and we and DSP Ceva,
Inc. are obligated to pay DSP Group an agreed amount.
Term.
The term of the
transition services agreement commences on the date of the separation agreement and continues until such time as DSP Group is no longer required to provide any transition services. However, we may terminate or limit the services to be provided by
DSP Group at any time upon at least 60 days prior notice.
Use of
Facilities.
During the first year following the separation date, and for so long thereafter as the parties agree, we and DSP Ceva will occupy and utilize portions of DSP Groups facilities in Santa Clara, California.
We and DSP Ceva are obligated to pay an agreed amount to DSP Group for our respective pro rata shares of the rent and other costs of occupying and operating these facilities.
Transition Services Agreement between DSP Group, Ltd. and Corage, Ltd.
Services.
The transition services agreement governs the provision of transitional services by DSP Group, Ltd. and the subsidiaries of DSP Group, Inc., Nikon DSP K.K. and DSP Group Europe Sarl, to Corage,
Ltd. after the separation date. DSP Group, Ltd. is obligated to provide certain general and administrative services, including management and information services and network, hardware and software maintenance and support, to Corage, Ltd., as
Corage, Ltd. requires and requests. In addition, Nikon DSP K.K. and DSP Group Europe Sarl are obligated to provide to Corage, Ltd., general and administrative services and management and information services with respect to Cevas operations in
Japan and Europe. For research and development services, Corage, Ltd., is obligated to pay DSP Group, Ltd. for services provided at agreed upon rates.
Term.
The term of the transition services agreement commenced on the date of the separation agreement and continues until such time as DSP Group, Ltd., Nikon DSP K.K. and
DSP Group Europe Sarl are no longer required to provide any transition services. However, Corage, Ltd. may terminate or limit any of the services provided by DSP Group, Ltd., Nikon DSP K.K. or DSP Group Europe Sarl at any time upon at least 60
days prior notice.
Although agreed in the context of arms-length negotiations between DSP Group and Parthus
in connection with the combination, the transition services agreements were entered into in the context of a parent-subsidiary relationship with DSP Group. As a result, the prices charged to us under the transition services agreements may be lower
than the prices that we may be required to pay third parties for similar services or the costs of similar services if we undertake them ourselves. If we fail to find replacements for these services after the expiration of the term of the agreements,
or if we are unable to replace them on terms as favorable as those provided in the transition services agreements, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be harmed.
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Tax Indemnification and Allocation Agreement
We were included as part of DSP Groups consolidated group for federal income tax purposes until the separation date. In general,
under the U.S. Internal Revenue Code, each member of a consolidated group is jointly and severally liable for the federal income tax liability of each other member of the consolidated group. Pursuant to arms-length negotiations between DSP Group and
Parthus to allocate the responsibilities between us and DSP Group for tax liabilities that may be asserted in the future, in addition to the indemnification provided in the separation agreement, we have entered into a tax indemnification and
allocation agreement with DSP Group pursuant to which DSP Group will be liable for, and will indemnify us for, any federal income tax related to the consolidated returns filed by it for all periods ending on or before the distribution date. Under
that agreement, we and DSP Group will each be liable for, and shall indemnify the other against, liability for our respective federal income tax for subsequent periods after the distribution. In the case of income taxes other than federal income
taxes, the tax indemnification and allocation agreement provides for an allocation that is generally similar to the allocation of federal income taxes. Taxes other than income taxes are allocated based on the legal entity on which the legal
incidence of the tax is imposed.
In general, the separation agreement described above, rather than the tax
indemnification and allocation agreement, governs indemnification for any taxes due by reason of the distribution.
Other Tax Matters
Our DSP cores licensing business operations have been granted Approved Enterprise status under Israeli law
under four separate investment plans which were assigned to us from DSP Group in the separation, and one plan has been approved for our activities, thereby entitling us to enjoy certain program and tax benefits.
Voting Agreements
As a condition to the combination of Parthus and Ceva, our stockholders Eliyahu Ayalon, Kevin Fielding, Brian Long, William McCabe, Peter McManamon, Sven-Christer Nilsson, Issachar Ohana, Michael Prince, Joan Scully, Gideon
Wertheizer, Enterprise Ireland and Kelburn Limited each entered into individual voting agreements with us on the following terms. These agreements, which cover approximately 20.2% of our outstanding stock as of the date of the combination (plus any
additional shares subsequently acquired by such stockholders, including upon exercise of options), provide that each stockholder will vote all his or her ParthusCeva shares for the ParthusCeva nominees to our board or directors and, with respect to
all other matters to be voted on by our stockholders, either in accordance with the recommendations of our board or directors or, if the board of directors makes no recommendation, for or against such matters in the same proportion as the shares
owned by all other stockholders (excluding the stockholder who is the subject of the voting agreement and any transferee or assignee who is an affiliate of that stockholder). Each voting agreement terminates upon the earlier of two years from the
date of the agreement, the sale of all or substantially all of our assets or a consolidation or merger of ParthusCeva as a result of which our stockholders prior to such a consolidation or merger hold less than 50% of the voting equity of the
surviving or resulting entity, a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our business operations, the execution by us of a general assignment for the benefit of creditors or the appointment of a receiver or trustee to take possession of our
property and assets. In the event that any of these stockholders wishes to transfer any of their shares to a party or group who, after the transfer, will hold more than 3% of ParthusCevas common stock, the transferee must also agree to be
bound by the terms of this agreement.
Treatment of DSP Group Stock Options
On the distribution date, each outstanding option to purchase DSP Groups common stock granted prior to the distribution was adjusted as described below.
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On the distribution date, each DSP Group option held by any person who will serve
as an employee of ParthusCeva following the separation was converted into two options: an option to purchase the same number of shares of DSP Groups common stock covered by the original DSP Group option (which remained unexercised as of the
distribution date) and an option to purchase one share of ParthusCevas common stock for every three shares of DSP Groups common stock purchasable under the original DSP Group option.
The exercise prices per share for each converted DSP Group option and ParthusCeva option were established in a manner so that:
(i) the aggregate intrinsic value (which is the market value of the stock underlying the option,
less the exercise price of that option, multiplied by the number of shares then covered by that option) after the distribution of the converted DSP Group option plus the intrinsic value of the new ParthusCeva option was not greater than the
intrinsic value of the original DSP Group option immediately prior to the distribution;
(ii) the ratio of the exercise price of the converted DSP Group option to the market value per share of DSP Groups common stock after the distribution was not lower than the ratio of the exercise price of the
original DSP Group option to the market value per share of DSP Groups common stock immediately prior to the distribution; and
(iii) the ratio of the exercise price of the new ParthusCeva option to the market value per share of ParthusCevas common stock after the distribution was not lower than the ratio of
the exercise price of the original DSP Group option to the market value per share of DSP Groups common stock immediately prior to the distribution.
The determination of the exercise prices for each converted DSP Group option and ParthusCeva option was made by DSP Group with the advice of its professional advisors.
The terms of each converted DSP Group option and each new ParthusCeva option (other than the exercise price and the number of shares) are
substantially similar to the original DSP Group option from which they were converted. In the case of non-qualified stock options, if, and to the extent that, the vesting of any converted DSP Group non-qualified stock option is subject to vesting
based on the continuous employment of the option holder with DSP Group or its subsidiaries, the vesting of the converted DSP Group non-qualified stock option is subject to the same vesting schedule as the original DSP Group option and continuation
of the holders employment with either DSP Group or ParthusCeva or their respective subsidiaries, as the case may be, and giving credit for continuous employment with DSP Group or ParthusCeva or their respective subsidiaries, prior to the
distribution date.
In the case of stock options intended to qualify under Section 422 of the U.S. Internal
Revenue Code, if, and to the extent that, the vesting of any converted DSP Group incentive stock option is subject to vesting based on the continuous employment of the option holder with DSP Group or its subsidiaries, the vesting of the converted
DSP Group incentive stock option is subject to the same vesting schedule as the original DSP Group option and continuation of the holders employment with DSP Group or its respective subsidiaries, and giving credit for continuous employment
with DSP Group or ParthusCeva or their respective subsidiaries, prior to the distribution date. Any converted DSP Group incentive stock option held by an option holder who terminates employment with DSP Group or its subsidiaries as of the
distribution date will cease vesting and terminate on the forty-sixth day following the distribution. DSP Group may amend DSP Group incentive stock options held by individuals who will terminate employment with DSP Group as of the distribution to
provide that the option will vest based on continuation of the holders employment with ParthusCeva or their respective subsidiaries, as the case may be.
All of the ParthusCeva options issued in connection with the distribution are non-qualified stock options. The vesting of each ParthusCeva option is subject to the same vesting schedule as the original
DSP Group option and continuation of the holders employment with either DSP Group or ParthusCeva or their respective subsidiaries, as the case may be, with credit given for continuous employment with DSP Group or ParthusCeva or their
respective subsidiaries, prior to the distribution date. The ParthusCeva options granted with respect to each original DSP Group option were issued under the Ceva 2000 Stock Incentive Plan.
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COMBINATION WITH PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
Overview
On , 2002, immediately after the
separation described above, Parthus and Ceva effected a combination of their businesses pursuant to the terms and conditions of a Combination Agreement, dated as of April 4, 2002, as amended, by and among DSP Group, Ceva and Parthus. As part of the
combination, Ceva immediately changed its name to ParthusCeva, Inc., and Parthus became a wholly owned subsidiary of ParthusCeva. Pursuant to arms-length negotiations between DSP Group and Parthus and as set forth in the Combination Agreement,
immediately following the combination, the stockholders of DSP Group and the former shareholders of Parthus owned approximately 50.1% and 49.9%, respectively, of the common stock of ParthusCeva. The parties recognized in their negotiations that
although Parthus had substantially greater assets and revenue, Ceva had realized significant earnings during each of the past two years and was expected to realize significant earnings in the current fiscal year. In contrast, Parthus incurred
substantial losses during each of the past two fiscal years and was expected to incur a loss during the current fiscal year. Both the $40 million cash included in the Ceva assets and the $60 million cash repayment of capital to the Parthus
shareholders were taken into account in arriving at the relative values of Parthus and Ceva. The amount of the distribution to the Parthus shareholders was viewed by the parties as the amount necessary for the allocation of more than 50% of the
combined value to the stockholders of DSP Group. The parties recognized that to reach agreement on a transaction it would be necessary for the distribution of Cevas stock to DSP Groups stockholders to be tax-free. To avoid taxation,
Section 355(e) of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code requires that DSP Groups stockholders own more than 50 percent of the acquiring entity. See Separation of DSP Cores Licensing Business From DSP GroupThe Separation and
Combination with Parthus Technologies plcTerms of the Combination.
Strategic Rationale for the Combination
The combination of Ceva and Parthus brings together the expertise of a provider of DSP cores architectures
with the expertise of a supplier of complete platform-level IP solutions, which we believe strongly positions us to become a leading supplier of open-standard IP solutions to the industry.
Management and Operations
ParthusCeva is
headquartered in San Jose, California, and has principal offices in Dublin, Ireland, and Herzeliya, Israel. It has over 400 employees, with 330 involved in research and development. The board of directors of ParthusCeva is comprised of eight
members, including five non-employee directors. The management includes former executive officers of both Parthus and Ceva.
We are incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware. With respect to most of our subsidiaries, the jurisdiction of incorporation relates to the principal location of corporate operations and assets and reflects the
historically and geographically dispersed operations of ParthusCeva, principally in Ireland, Israel and the United States. In addition, our Irish subsidiaries hold patent rights which allows us to avail ourselves of certain incentives for research
and development in Ireland. Finally, Parthus Inc., a Cayman Islands corporation, manages certain investments on behalf of Parthus and its subsidiaries.
Terms of the Combination
The combination was effected through a scheme of arrangement
pursuant to the laws of the Republic of Irelanda form of corporate reorganization that is approved by the shareholders and sanctioned by the High Court of Ireland. The scheme provided as follows:
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Immediately prior to the combination with Ceva, Parthus cancelled a portion of its existing share capital and distributed to its shareholders an aggregate
repayment of $60 million in cash with respect to such cancellation.
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The remaining existing Parthus shares were then cancelled and each Parthus shareholder received new shares of ParthusCevas common stock.
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Immediately following the combination, the stockholders of DSP Group and the former shareholders of Parthus own approximately 50.1% and 49.9%, respectively, of
the common stock of ParthusCeva.
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ParthusCeva assumed all outstanding Parthus share options and the option plans and option agreements that govern them. These options continue with the same
terms and conditions, except that they have become options to purchase shares of ParthusCevas common stock and have been adjusted in the manner set forth below. Option holders will no longer be able to obtain Parthus shares or ADSs upon
exercise of such options.
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The number of shares of ParthusCevas common stock purchasable upon the exercise of each Parthus option is equal to the number of shares of
ParthusCevas common stock that would have been received for the Parthus shares underlying the option, had the option been exercised prior to the combination with Ceva. The exercise price per share was also adjusted proportionately.
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Adjustment of Exercise Prices of Parthus Options
Immediately prior to the effective time of the combination, the exercise price of existing Parthus options that had an exercise price in excess of $0.267 per ordinary share
($2.67 per ADS) was adjusted to $0.267 per ordinary share ($2.67 per ADS). Options for the acquisition of an aggregate of 92,420,680 Parthus ordinary shares (9,242,068 ADSs) were adjusted. These included options to purchase an aggregate of
34,728,340 Parthus ordinary shares (3,472,834 ADSs) held by Kevin Fielding, Eoin Gilley, Elaine Coughlan, William McLean and Sven-Crister Nilsson, each of whom served as a director or executive officer of Parthus and each of whom serves as a
director or executive officer of ParthusCeva following the combination.
Parthus and Ceva agreed to effect the
adjustment in the exercise price of Parthus options to create a performance-oriented environment for employees in the combined company. Many of the Parthus options had an exercise price significantly in excess of the market price of Parthus shares
on July 24, 2002, the date Parthus and Ceva agreed to reprice the Parthus options. Furthermore, the distribution of $60 million to Parthus shareholders immediately before combination further reduced the market price of Parthus shares. As a result of
the reduction in the market price of Parthus shares, the Parthus options were no longer a meaningful incentive for the Parthus employees. Generally, the exercise price of Cevas options is equal to or less than the market price of Ceva common
stock, based upon the terms of the combination.
We believe the repricing permits both Parthus and Ceva's
employees to have an equally realistic possibility of participating in any increase in share value of ParthusCeva and enhances shareholder value by creating better performance incentives for, and thus increasing retention of, Parthus
employees.
Integration of Operations
We do not anticipate any significant relocation of employees, or material relocation or amalgamation of research and development and sales activities in connection with the combination. In view of our
target markets, and focused research and development activities, we believe that our business plan can most effectively be implemented, and our development targets best met, by drawing on the existing locations of our respective teams. Consequently,
we do not anticipate any material adjustments in facilities.
We do expect that there will be integration of
management and administrative functions. In that regard, we anticipate that certain activities may be located at our California offices, and others transferred, or enhanced, at our Dublin offices. In addition, we will evaluate all corporate
functions, with a view to minimizing duplication of activity and, where possible, achieving costs synergies. Both Parthus and Ceva are experienced in the management of geographically dispersed operations, and we believe that we will be able to
maintain effectively operations on a geographically dispersed basis after the combination.
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ParthusCeva Common Stock
We have filed applications to list our common stock on The Nasdaq National Market under the symbol PCVA and on the London Stock Exchange under the symbol
PCV.
We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital
stock and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Our board of directors will have discretion as to whether future dividends will be paid, after taking into account factors such as our financial condition, operating
results and current and anticipated cash needs.
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The following table sets forth our capitalization as of June 30,
2002:
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on an actual basis (not giving effect to the contribution and combination described below)
;
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pro forma to give effect to
:
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the contribution of the DSP cores licensing business of DSP Group to us, including a sum of $40 million in cash and $2.5 million in other assets, plus
the amount by which the transaction costs of the separation and combination exceed $2 million, as though it had occurred on June 30, 2002;
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the combination of Ceva and Parthus as though it had closed on June 30, 2002;
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the results of the cancellation of certain shares of Cevas common stock in connection with its separation from DSP Group; and
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the repricing of certain Parthus options, including changes made as a result of Parthus $60 million cash repayment of capital to the Parthus
shareholders.
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June 30, 2002
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Actual
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Pro Forma
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(U.S. Dollars in thousands)
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Stockholders equity and parent company investment:
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Common stock, $.001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorizedactual; 105,000,000 shares authorizedpro forma;
20,000,000 shares issued and outstandingactual; 18,002,657 shares issued and outstandingpro forma
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$
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20
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$
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18
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Preferred stock, $.001 par value; none authorizedactual; 5,000,000 shares authorizedactual and pro forma;
none issued and outstandingactual and pro forma
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Parent company investment
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8,718
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Additional paid-in capital, deferred stock compensation and accumulated deficit
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203,405
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Total stockholders equity
|
|
$
|
8,738
|
|
$
|
203,423
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
All share numbers above exclude:
|
|
|
2,517,020 (1,135,035 pro forma) shares of our common stock subject to outstanding options under our 2000 Stock Incentive Plan at a weighted average exercise
price of $5.54 per share ($12.29 per share pro forma);
|
|
|
|
3,482,980 (1,570,629 pro forma) shares of our common stock available for issuance pursuant to our 2000 Stock Incentive Plan. No option grants will be made under
our 2000 Stock Incentive Plan following the distribution;
|
|
|
|
2,210,155 (736,718 pro forma) shares of DSP Groups common stock will be subject to options to be granted on the distribution date to holders of options to
purchase shares of DSP Groups common stock.
|
|
|
|
3,991,622 (1,800,000 pro forma) shares of our common stock available for issuance pursuant to our 2002 Stock Incentive Plan;
|
|
|
|
2,217,568 (1,000,000 pro forma) shares of our common stock available for issuance pursuant to our 2002 Employee Stock Purchase Plan; and
|
|
|
|
The pro forma share numbers above also exclude 1,644,435 additional shares of our common stock that will be subject to options to be assumed by us in connection
with the combination with Parthus. As of June 30, 2002, there were outstanding options to purchase an aggregate of 107,799,111 ordinary shares of Parthus.
|
You should read this table together with Separation of DSP Cores Licensing Business from DSP GroupTreatment of DSP Group Stock Options,
ManagementStock Plans, Description of Capital Stock and Note 5 to our consolidated financial statements.
37
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA OF PARTHUSCEVA
The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined consolidated financial statements have been prepared to give effect to the
acquisition of Parthus under the purchase method of accounting after giving effect to the pro forma adjustments described in the accompanying notes.
The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2002 gives effect to the acquisition of Parthus as if it had occurred on that date, and reflects the
allocation of the purchase price to the Parthus assets acquired and liabilities assumed, based on their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition based upon Cevas preliminary estimates of their fair values. The allocation of purchase
price for the acquisition is subject to revision when additional information concerning asset and liability valuations is obtained. In the opinion of Cevas management, the asset and liability valuations for the acquisition will not be
materially different from the pro forma financial data presented. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined consolidated financial information reflects Cevas best estimates; however, the actual financial position and results of operations may
differ significantly from the pro forma amounts reflected herein because of various factors, including, without limitation, access to additional information, changes in value and changes in operating results between the date of preparation of the
unaudited pro forma condensed financial information and the date on which the transaction closed, and the number of shares outstanding of DSP Group and Parthus and the value of the combined companys shares. The excess of the consideration
given by Ceva
in the transaction over the fair value of Parthus identifiable assets and liabilities has been recorded as goodwill. Goodwill will be tested for impairment on an annual basis. Patents will be amortized over their useful
lives, unless the useful life is deemed to be indefinite. An intangible asset with an indefinite useful life will not be amortized until its useful life is determined to be no longer indefinite. Intangible assets that are amortized will be reviewed
for impairment annually and on an interim basis. Any portion of the purchase price allocated to in-process research and development and stock based compensation expenses related to vested Ceva options, which will be measured upon the consummation of
the combination of Ceva with Parthus based on the fair market value of Cevas common stock, will be charged to expenses immediately upon the consummation of the transaction.
The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined consolidated statements of operations for the six-month period ended June 30, 2002 and for the year ended December 31,
2001 give effect to the transaction as if it had occurred on January 1, 2001 and combine the historical statements of operations of Ceva and Parthus for those periods. Integration costs are not included in the accompanying pro forma condensed
combined consolidated financial statements.
This pro forma information should be read in conjunction with the
respective consolidated historical financial statements (including notes thereto) of Ceva and Parthus included in this prospectus.
Unaudited pro forma condensed combined consolidated financial information is presented for illustrative purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the financial position or results of operations that would have
actually been reported had the transaction occurred at the beginning of the periods presented, nor is it necessarily indicative of future financial position or results of operations. These unaudited pro forma condensed combined consolidated
financial statements are based upon the respective historical financial statements of Ceva and Parthus and do not incorporate, nor do they assume, any benefits from cost savings or synergies of the combined company. The pro forma adjustments are
based on available financial information and certain estimates and assumptions that Ceva believes are reasonable and that are set forth in the notes to the unaudited pro forma condensed combined consolidated financial statements.
38
PARTHUSCEVA, INC.
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
As of June 30, 2002
(U.S. Dollars in Thousands)
|
|
Ceva, Inc.
|
|
Parthus
Technologies Plc
|
|
Pro forma
adjustments
|
|
|
References
|
|
Pro forma
combined
|
|
|
Historical
|
|
|
ASSETS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
|
|
$
|
114,101
|
|
$
|
(23,458
|
)
|
|
A, B, G, H
|
|
$
|
90,643
|
Trade receivables, net
|
|
|
8,683
|
|
|
5,421
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14,104
|
Other accounts receivable and prepaid expenses
|
|
|
1,592
|
|
|
3,968
|
|
|
(1,079
|
)
|
|
G
|
|
|
4,481
|
Deferred income tax
|
|
|
240
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
240
|
Inventories
|
|
|
125
|
|
|
517
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
642
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current assets
|
|
|
10,640
|
|
|
124,007
|
|
|
(24,537
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
110,110
|
Long term lease deposits
|
|
|
209
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
209
|
Severance pay fund
|
|
|
1,197
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,197
|
Property and equipment, net
|
|
|
2,498
|
|
|
6,617
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9,115
|
Investments
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,500
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,500
|
Goodwill
|
|
|
|
|
|
63,579
|
|
|
728
|
|
|
C, E
|
|
|
64,307
|
Other intangible assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,752
|
|
|
45,000
|
|
|
D, F
|
|
|
48,752
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Assets
|
|
$
|
14,544
|
|
$
|
202,455
|
|
$
|
21,191
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
238,190
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIABILITIES AND
STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trade payables
|
|
$
|
1,582
|
|
$
|
4,680
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
6,262
|
Accrued expenses and other payables
|
|
|
2,158
|
|
|
12,718
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14,876
|
Related partyDSP Group Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6,095
|
|
|
P
|
|
|
6,095
|
Income taxes payable
|
|
|
783
|
|
|
1,554
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,337
|
Deferred revenues
|
|
|
62
|
|
|
3,914
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,976
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current liabilities
|
|
|
4,585
|
|
|
22,866
|
|
|
6,095
|
|
|
|
|
|
33,546
|
Accrued severance pay
|
|
|
1,221
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,221
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities
|
|
|
5,806
|
|
|
22,866
|
|
|
6,095
|
|
|
|
|
|
34,767
|
Parent company investment
|
|
|
8,718
|
|
|
|
|
|
(8,718
|
)
|
|
P, Q
|
|
|
|
Stockholders equity
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
179,589
|
|
|
23,814
|
|
|
B, J, G, K, I, Q, H
|
|
|
203,423
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Liabilities and Stockholders Equity
|
|
$
|
14,544
|
|
$
|
202,455
|
|
$
|
21,191
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
238,190
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to unaudited pro forma condensed combined
consolidated financial statements.
39
PARTHUSCEVA, INC.
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
For the year ended December 31, 2001
(U.S. Dollars in Thousands Except Per Share Data)
|
|
Ceva, Inc.
|
|
Parthus
Technologies Plc
|
|
|
Pro forma
adjustments
|
|
|
References
|
|
Pro forma
combined
|
|
|
|
Historical
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues
|
|
$
|
25,244
|
|
$
|
40,919
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
66,163
|
|
Cost of revenues
|
|
|
1,251
|
|
|
12,064
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13,315
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit
|
|
|
23,993
|
|
|
28,855
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
52,848
|
|
|
Operating expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development, net
|
|
|
5,095
|
|
|
28,578
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
33,673
|
|
Marketing and sales
|
|
|
2,911
|
|
|
10,857
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13,768
|
|
General and administration
|
|
|
2,839
|
|
|
7,171
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10,010
|
|
Amortization of other intangible assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
9,195
|
|
|
|
555
|
|
|
L, M
|
|
|
9,750
|
|
In process research and development
|
|
|
|
|
|
10,895
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10,895
|
|
Amortization of noncash stock compensation
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,806
|
|
|
|
1,865
|
|
|
N, O
|
|
|
3,671
|
|
Restructuring charge
|
|
|
|
|
|
765
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
765
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
10,845
|
|
|
69,267
|
|
|
|
2,420
|
|
|
|
|
|
82,532
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) from operations
|
|
|
13,148
|
|
|
(40,412
|
)
|
|
|
(2,420
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
(29,684
|
)
|
Financial income, net
|
|
|
462
|
|
|
6,153
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6,615
|
|
Minority interest
|
|
|
|
|
|
(100
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(100
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) before taxes on income
|
|
|
13,610
|
|
|
(34,359
|
)
|
|
|
(2,420
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
(23,169
|
)
|
Taxes on income
|
|
|
3,255
|
|
|
300
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,555
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss)
|
|
$
|
10,355
|
|
$
|
(34,659
|
)
|
|
$
|
(2,420
|
)
|
|
|
|
$
|
(26,724
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic and diluted net loss per share
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
(1.48
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average number of shares of Common Stock used in computation of basic and diluted loss per share (in
thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18,003
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to unaudited
pro forma condensed combined consolidated financial statements.
40
PARTHUSCEVA, INC.
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
For the six months ended June 30, 2002
(U.S. Dollars in Thousands Except Per Share Data)
|
|
Ceva, Inc.
|
|
Parthus
Technologies Plc
|
|
|
Pro forma
adjustments
|
|
|
|
|
Pro forma
combined
|
|
|
|
Historical
|
|
|
References
|
|
Revenues
|
|
$
|
8,682
|
|
$
|
21,491
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
30,173
|
|
Cost of revenues
|
|
|
616
|
|
|
4,644
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5,260
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit
|
|
|
8,066
|
|
|
16,847
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
24,913
|
|
|
Operating expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development, net
|
|
|
3,216
|
|
|
12,705
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15,921
|
|
Marketing and sales
|
|
|
1,493
|
|
|
4,436
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5,929
|
|
General and administration
|
|
|
1,355
|
|
|
2,979
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,334
|
|
Amortization of other intangible assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
680
|
|
|
|
4,195
|
|
|
L, M
|
|
|
4,875
|
|
Amortization of noncash stock compensation
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,050
|
|
|
|
980
|
|
|
N, O
|
|
|
2,030
|
|
Loss on disposal of division
|
|
|
|
|
|
213
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
213
|
|
Combination costs
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,463
|
|
|
|
(1,463
|
)
|
|
R
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
6,064
|
|
|
23,526
|
|
|
|
3,712
|
|
|
|
|
|
33,302
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) from operations
|
|
|
2,002
|
|
|
(6,679
|
)
|
|
|
(3,712
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
(8,389
|
)
|
Financial income, net
|
|
|
50
|
|
|
1,122
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,172
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) before taxes on income
|
|
|
2,052
|
|
|
(5,557
|
)
|
|
|
(3,712
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
(7,217
|
)
|
Taxes on income
|
|
|
542
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
542
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss)
|
|
$
|
1,510
|
|
$
|
(5,557
|
)
|
|
$
|
(3,712
|
)
|
|
|
|
$
|
(7,759
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic and diluted net loss per share
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
(0.43
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average number of shares of Common Stock used in computation of basic net loss per share (in
thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18,003
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to unaudited
pro forma condensed combined consolidated financial statements.
41
NOTES TO PARTHUSCEVA UNAUDITED PRO FORMA
CONDENSED COMBINED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. BASIS OF PRO FORMA PRESENTATION
On April 4, 2002, Ceva, Inc.
(Ceva or the Company) entered into an agreement to acquire 100 percent of the outstanding share capital of Parthus Technologies plc (Parthus), an Irish company, in consideration of the assumed issuance of
8,983,326 shares of Cevas common stock equal to 49.9% of the aggregate number of shares of Cevas common stock outstanding immediately after the acquisition.
The total consideration for the acquisition is approximately $179 million (including $6 million of costs related to the acquisition), which will be financed by an assumed
issuance of 8,983,326 shares of common stock of the Company. However, the actual number of shares of common stock to be issued by Ceva, and the related consideration, will depend on the actual number of ordinary shares of Parthus and Common Stock of
DSP Group (the Parent) outstanding on the closing date of the acquisition, as well as the market price of the Companys common stock at that date. The transaction has been accounted for using the purchase method of accounting, and
accordingly, the purchase price has been allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon their fair values at the date the acquisition was completed. Because Ceva had no outstanding shares traded in a public market on the date
the transaction was announced, the value of the consideration given was not objectively evidenced. Accordingly, it was determined, based upon related authoritative guidance, to value this transaction based on the closing price of ParthusCevas
common stock on the consummation date of the transactions. The closing share price of Parthus ADSs on the Nasdaq National Market on July 18, 2002 was used in this pro forma presentation as the best estimate for the value of Cevas common
stock to be issued, as if the consummation of the transactions had occurred on that date, as the value of Cevas common stock to be issued is expected to approximate the value of the purchased Parthus ordinary shares. In a similar manner, the
number of shares used was the number of outstanding shares of DSP Group common stock and Parthus ordinary shares on that same date. As a result, the pro forma financial information presented herein is not necessarily indicative of the final value of
the consideration, which will be determined at the consummation date based on the actual number of shares of ParthusCevas common stock issued and the market price per share of ParthusCevas common stock as of the consummation date. Ceva
will adjust its shares outstanding prior to the distribution by means of an issuance of shares to DSP Group in exchange for the assets contributed, followed by a surrender of shares of Ceva common stock by DSP Group to Ceva for no consideration.
The number of shares to be issued upon the combination was calculated as follows:
Number of Cevas common stock currently issued to DSP Group
|
|
20,000,000
|
|
Number of Cevas common stock outstanding following the separation (1:3 ratio)
(giving effect to the issuance of 1,000 shares followed by the surrender for cancellation without consideration of all outstanding Cevas common stock not distributed
to DSPs Groups stockholders)
|
|
9,019,331
|
(X)
|
Percentage of Cevas common stock held by former DSP Groups stockholders post-combination
|
|
50.1
|
%
|
Total number of ParthusCevas common stock outstanding post-combination
|
|
18,002,657
|
(Y)
|
Number of shares to be issued to former Parthus shareholders (constituting 49.9% of the ParthusCevas
common stock post-combination):
|
|
8,983,326
|
(Y-X)
|
The Ceva options issued in exchange for Parthus options are valued
herein by applying the Black-Scholes valuation model to the Parthus options in accordance with FASB Interpretation No. 44 (FIN 44), Accounting for Certain Transactions Involving Stock Compensationan Interpretation of APB
25. The calculations were made using the following assumptions: (i) valuation date is July 18, 2002, (ii) market share price is $2.673, which represents the fair value of the Ceva common stock after the $60 million cash capital repayment by
Parthus to its shareholders, (iii) risk-free interest rate is 2%, (iv) volatility is 60%, (v) time to expiration is 5 years and (vi) annual dividend rate is 0%. The calculations were made after taking into consideration the repricing of
42
NOTES TO PARTHUSCEVA UNAUDITED PRO FORMA
CONDENSED COMBINED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
certain Parthus options and changes made as a result of Parthus $60 million cash repayment of capital to the Parthus shareholders. The intrinsic value of unvested options of Parthus has
been allocated to deferred compensation. Such deferred compensation was deducted from the fair value of the awards in determining the amount of the purchase price. The final amount of deferred compensation will also be determined on the consummation
date based on the closing price of ParthusCevas common stock on that date. The calculation of the deferred compensation amounting to $666,000 was based on the number of Parthus unvested options outstanding multiplied by the intrinsic value
which is the difference between the market price on that date of $2.673 (July 18, 2002 after taking into consideration the $60 million cash capital repayment by Parthus to its shareholders) and the various exercise prices. This deferred compensation
was deducted from the fair value of the awards in determining the amount of the purchase price.
The purchase
consideration is estimated as follows (U.S. Dollars in thousands):
Common Stock(1)
|
|
$
|
158,033
|
|
Assumption of Parthus options
|
|
|
15,893
|
|
LessDeferred compensation
|
|
|
(666
|
)
|
Estimated transaction expenses
|
|
|
6,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total consideration(2)
|
|
$
|
179,260
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) The value of the 8,983,326 shares of
Cevas common stock to be issued upon the consummation of the acquisition was calculated based on the market price of Parthus ADSs on July 18, 2002 and after taking into consideration the future repayment of capital by Parthus to its
shareholders in the amount of $60 million, as follows (U.S. Dollars in thousands, except per share data):
Number of Parthus ADSs outstanding*
|
|
|
58,936
|
|
Price per ADS
|
|
$
|
3.69
|
|
Total value of Parthus ADSs
|
|
$
|
218,033
|
|
LessRepayment of capital to be made
|
|
$
|
(60,000
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net value
|
|
$
|
158,033
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
|
Assuming all ordinary shares were held in the form of ADSs
|
(2) The preliminary purchase price allocation, which is subject to change based on Cevas final analysis, is as follows (U.S. Dollars in
thousands):
Tangible assets acquired
|
|
$
|
75,124
|
|
Intangible assets acquired:
|
|
|
|
|
Patents
|
|
|
48,752
|
|
Goodwill
|
|
|
64,307
|
|
In-process research and development
|
|
|
16,480
|
|
Liabilities assumed
|
|
|
(22,866
|
)
|
Merger and restructuring costs
|
|
|
(2,537
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total consideration
|
|
$
|
179,260
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
43
NOTES TO PARTHUSCEVA UNAUDITED PRO FORMA
CONDENSED COMBINED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
In accordance with SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible
Assets, goodwill arising from acquisitions would not be amortized. In lieu of amortization, Ceva is required to perform an annual and interim impairment review. If Ceva determines, through the impairment review process, that goodwill has been
impaired, it will record the impairment charge in its statement of operations. Ceva will also assess the impairment of goodwill whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.
2. PRO FORMA ADJUSTMENTS
The amount of the excess cost attributable to in-process research and development of Parthus is estimated to be approximately $16.48 million. This amount will be recorded as a separate item line
In process research and development write-off during the fiscal quarter in which the acquisition is consummated. Stock based compensation expenses related to measurement of vested options granted to Cevas employees is estimated to
be approximately $2.3 million. This amount will be recorded during the fiscal quarter in which the combination is consummated. These expenses have not been included in the pro-forma condensed combined consolidated statements of operations, as
they do not represent a continuing expense.
Adjustments included in the pro forma condensed combined consolidated
balance sheet and statements of operations are summarized as follows:
(A) Distribution
of $60 million cash to Parthus shareholders by means of a repayment of capital prior to the acquisition.
(B) Additional cash investment of $44 million by DSP Group prior to the acquisition (representing DSP Groups contribution of cash equal to $40 million, plus the amount by which transaction expenses have been
estimated to exceed $2 million).
(C) Valuation of Parthus intangible assets
allocated to goodwill of $64.3 million.
(D) Valuation of Parthus intangible assets
allocated to patents of $49 million.
(E) Elimination of Parthus goodwill from
previous acquisitions of $63.6 million.
(F) Elimination of Parthus patents from
previous acquisitions of $3.7 million.
(G) Transaction costs paid by Ceva of $6
million, out of which $1 million were already paid as of June 30, 2002 and included in prepaid expenses.
(H) Transaction costs paid by Parthus of $2.5 million.
(I) Elimination of Parthus shareholders equity accounts of $180 million.
(J) Shares and options issued upon the acquisition by Ceva valued at $173.2 million.
(K) Write-off of estimated acquired in-process research and development of $16.5 million.
(L) Elimination of goodwill and patents amortization recorded in Parthus from previous acquisitions of $9.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2001 and $680,000 for the six month period ended June 30,
2002.
(M) Amortization of patents (amortized over 5 years) of $9.8 million for the
year ended December 31, 2001 and $4.8 million for the six month period ended June 30, 2002.
44
NOTES TO PARTHUSCEVA UNAUDITED PRO FORMA
CONDENSED COMBINED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(N) Amortization of deferred stock compensation
arising from the measurement of Cevas options of $1.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2001 and $819,000 for the six month period ended June 30, 2002.
(O) Amortization of deferred stock compensation arising from the options exchanged in the acquisition of $333,000 for the year ended December 31,
2001 and $167,000 for the six month period ended June 30, 2002.
(P) Conversion of
DSP Groups investment account in Ceva into an inter-company account of $6.1 million between Ceva and DSP Group. This amount will be settled between the parties under the terms of the Separation Agreement whereby DSP Group will retain all
rights to Cevas accounts receivable existing on the date of the separation and will also retain certain of Cevas current liabilities existing on the date of separation.
(Q) Conversion of DSP Groups investment account in Ceva into stockholders equity, consisting of the value of property and equipment and
inventory assigned by DSP Group upon consummation of the combination of $2.6 million.
(R) Elimination of combination costs paid by Parthus.
The pro forma combined
stockholders equity, after appropriate reclassifications, comprises the following (U.S. Dollars in thousands):
Common stock, $0.001 par value
|
|
$
|
18
|
|
Additional paid in capital
|
|
|
220,551
|
|
Deferred compensation
|
|
|
(666
|
)
|
Accumulated deficit
|
|
|
(16,480
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total stockholders equity
|
|
$
|
203,423
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares used in the pro forma net loss per share calculation reflect
approximately 18.0 million shares of Common Stock of Ceva, Inc. as if they had been outstanding from January 1, 2001. Pro forma weighted average number of shares used in computing basic and diluted net loss per share excludes employee stock options
outstanding in each period because they are anti-dilutive.
3. SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS:
As explained in Note 1 to these unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial data, the final determination of the purchase
price will be calculated based on the closing market price of ParthusCevas Common Stock at the date of the consummation date of the combination.
The following table represents the anticipated goodwill, total assets and total stockholders equity that would result from different price per share at the date of the closing:
|
|
Price per Parthus ADS (US Dollars)
|
|
|
$2.50
|
|
$3.00
|
|
$3.69
|
|
$4.00
|
|
$4.50
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
Goodwill and other intangible assets
|
|
$
|
39,901
|
|
$
|
71,008
|
|
$
|
113,059
|
|
$
|
132,059
|
|
$
|
162,259
|
Total assets
|
|
|
165,032
|
|
|
196,139
|
|
|
238,190
|
|
|
257,190
|
|
|
287,390
|
Stockholders equity
|
|
$
|
130,265
|
|
$
|
161,372
|
|
$
|
203,423
|
|
$
|
222,423
|
|
$
|
252,623
|
45
SELECTED HISTORICAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA OF CEVA
Selected Historical Consolidated Financial
Data of Ceva
The following selected historical consolidated financial data of the DSP cores licensing
business of DSP Group transferred to Ceva should be read in conjunction with, and are qualified by reference to, our consolidated financial statements and related notes to our consolidated financial statements and Managements Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
The consolidated statement of income data
for 1999 through 2001 and the consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2000 and 2001 are derived from, and are qualified by reference to, the audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, which have been
audited by Kost Forer & Gabbay, a member of Ernst & Young Global, our independent auditors. The selected consolidated statement of income data for 1997 and 1998 and the selected consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 1997 through
1999 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements not included in this prospectus. The consolidated financial data as of June 30, 2002 and for the six months ended June 30, 2001 and 2002 are derived from unaudited financial
statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. We have prepared the unaudited information on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements and have included all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, that
we consider necessary for a relevant fair presentation of our financial position and operating results for these periods.
The financial information below reflects the separation of the DSP cores licensing business from DSP Group, and is presented as if this business had operated as a separate entity throughout the relevant periods. This information has
been derived from the consolidated financial statements of DSP Group using the historical results of operations and historical bases of assets and liabilities of our DSP cores licensing business. These historical results may not necessarily be
indicative of what our results of operations and financial position would have been had this business operated as a separate company during the periods presented, nor are they an indicator of future performance.
|
|
Year Ended December 31,
|
|
Six Months
Ended June
30,
|
|
|
1997
|
|
|
1998
|
|
1999
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
|
2001
|
|
2002
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
|
Consolidated Statement of Income Data:
|
|
|
Revenues:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Licenses and royalties
|
|
$
|
6,790
|
|
|
$
|
11,614
|
|
$
|
16,249
|
|
$
|
19,951
|
|
$
|
20,959
|
|
$
|
10,666
|
|
$
|
6,995
|
Technical support, maintenance and other
|
|
|
1,975
|
|
|
|
1,630
|
|
|
1,952
|
|
|
2,959
|
|
|
4,285
|
|
|
2,322
|
|
|
1,687
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues
|
|
|
8,765
|
|
|
|
13,244
|
|
|
18,201
|
|
|
22,910
|
|
|
25,244
|
|
|
12,988
|
|
|
8,682
|
Cost of revenues
|
|
|
288
|
|
|
|
280
|
|
|
207
|
|
|
410
|
|
|
1,251
|
|
|
607
|
|
|
616
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit
|
|
|
8,477
|
|
|
|
12,964
|
|
|
17,994
|
|
|
22,500
|
|
|
23,993
|
|
|
12,381
|
|
|
8,066
|
Operating expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development, net
|
|
|
2,692
|
|
|
|
3,404
|
|
|
3,230
|
|
|
4,835
|
|
|
5,095
|
|
|
2,688
|
|
|
3,216
|
Selling and marketing
|
|
|
1,012
|
|
|
|
1,137
|
|
|
1,997
|
|
|
2,466
|
|
|
2,911
|
|
|
1,330
|
|
|
1,493
|
General and administrative
|
|
|
1,877
|
|
|
|
2,020
|
|
|
2,480
|
|
|
2,810
|
|
|
2,839
|
|
|
1,354
|
|
|
1,355
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Operating Expenses
|
|
|
5,581
|
|
|
|
6,561
|
|
|
7,707
|
|
|
10,111
|
|
|
10,845
|
|
|
5,372
|
|
|
6,064
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income
|
|
|
2,896
|
|
|
|
6,403
|
|
|
10,287
|
|
|
12,389
|
|
|
13,148
|
|
|
7,009
|
|
|
2,002
|
Financial income, net
|
|
|
92
|
|
|
|
174
|
|
|
292
|
|
|
322
|
|
|
462
|
|
|
221
|
|
|
50
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before taxes on income
|
|
|
2,988
|
|
|
|
6,577
|
|
|
10,579
|
|
|
12,711
|
|
|
13,610
|
|
|
7,230
|
|
|
2,052
|
Taxes on income (benefit)
|
|
|
(397
|
)
|
|
|
359
|
|
|
1,453
|
|
|
3,438
|
|
|
3,255
|
|
|
1,123
|
|
|
542
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
|
$
|
3,385
|
|
|
$
|
6,218
|
|
$
|
9,126
|
|
$
|
9,273
|
|
$
|
10,355
|
|
$
|
6,107
|
|
$
|
1,510
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
June 30,
2002
|
|
|
1997
|
|
1998
|
|
1999
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
|
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Working capital
|
|
$
|
94
|
|
$
|
893
|
|
$
|
1,173
|
|
$
|
411
|
|
$
|
1,996
|
|
$
|
6,055
|
Total assets
|
|
$
|
2,093
|
|
$
|
3,831
|
|
$
|
6,915
|
|
$
|
9,615
|
|
$
|
12,197
|
|
$
|
14,544
|
Total Stockholders equity and Parent Company investment
|
|
$
|
709
|
|
$
|
1,680
|
|
$
|
2,556
|
|
$
|
2,020
|
|
$
|
4,345
|
|
$
|
8,738
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
46
SELECTED HISTORICAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA OF PARTHUS
The consolidated financial data set forth below for each of the years in the five-year period ended December 31, 2001,
have been derived from Parthus audited consolidated financial statements, which appear elsewhere in this prospectus. The consolidated financial data for the six month periods ended June 30, 2001 and 2002 have been derived from our unaudited
interimconsolidated financial statements also appearing in this prospectus. The interim financial statements include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair statement of our results for the unaudited
six month periods ended June 30, 2001 and 2002. Parthus has prepared its consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, and Parthus financial statements have been audited by KPMG,
independent chartered accountants. The data set forth below should be read in conjunction with Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Parthus audited consolidated financial
statements and the related notes for the three years ended December 31, 2001 included elsewhere in this prospectus.
|
|
Year Ended December 31,
|
|
|
Six Months Ended June 30,
|
|
|
|
1997
|
|
|
1998
|
|
|
1999
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
2001
|
|
|
2001
|
|
|
2002
|
|
|
|
(in thousands, except per share data)
|
|
Statement of Operations Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
IP license
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
119
|
|
|
$
|
5,214
|
|
|
$
|
16,059
|
|
|
$
|
29,998
|
|
|
$
|
13,016
|
|
|
$
|
18,766
|
|
IP creation
|
|
|
12,820
|
|
|
|
15,450
|
|
|
|
13,826
|
|
|
|
12,433
|
|
|
|
6,756
|
|
|
|
4,302
|
|
|
|
1,427
|
|
Hard IP
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,428
|
|
|
|
4,165
|
|
|
|
2,625
|
|
|
|
1,298
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenue
|
|
|
12,820
|
|
|
|
15,569
|
|
|
|
19,040
|
|
|
|
31,920
|
|
|
|
40,919
|
|
|
|
19,943
|
|
|
|
21,491
|
|
Cost of revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
IP license
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
983
|
|
|
|
2,960
|
|
|
|
5,052
|
|
|
|
2,149
|
|
|
|
2,943
|
|
IP creation
|
|
|
7,459
|
|
|
|
8,621
|
|
|
|
8,325
|
|
|
|
8,334
|
|
|
|
4,751
|
|
|
|
3,034
|
|
|
|
1,002
|
|
Hard IP
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,116
|
|
|
|
2,261
|
|
|
|
1,423
|
|
|
|
699
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total cost of revenue
|
|
|
7,459
|
|
|
|
8,621
|
|
|
|
9,308
|
|
|
|
13,410
|
|
|
|
12,064
|
|
|
|
6,606
|
|
|
|
4,644
|
|
Gross margin
|
|
|
5,361
|
|
|
|
6,948
|
|
|
|
9,732
|
|
|
|
18,510
|
|
|
|
28,855
|
|
|
|
13,337
|
|
|
|
16,847
|
|
Research and development
|
|
|
1,086
|
|
|
|
3,372
|
|
|
|
7,128
|
|
|
|
19,090
|
|
|
|
29,994
|
|
|
|
13,744
|
|
|
|
13,516
|
|
Sales and marketing
|
|
|
812
|
|
|
|
1,200
|
|
|
|
2,479
|
|
|
|
9,012
|
|
|
|
11,054
|
|
|
|
5,604
|
|
|
|
4,554
|
|
General and administrative
|
|
|
1,031
|
|
|
|
1,369
|
|
|
|
2,994
|
|
|
|
9,741
|
|
|
|
7,364
|
|
|
|
3,790
|
|
|
|
3,100
|
|
Amortization of goodwill & intangible assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,081
|
|
|
|
9,195
|
|
|
|
1,674
|
|
|
|
680
|
|
In-process research & development charge
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10,895
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restructuring charge
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
765
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ParthusCeva merger costs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,463
|
|
Loss on disposal of facility
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
213
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
2,929
|
|
|
|
5,941
|
|
|
|
12,601
|
|
|
|
38,924
|
|
|
|
69,267
|
|
|
|
24,812
|
|
|
|
23,526
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) from operations
|
|
|
2,432
|
|
|
|
1,007
|
|
|
|
(2,869
|
)
|
|
|
(20,414
|
)
|
|
|
(40,412
|
)
|
|
|
(11,475
|
)
|
|
|
(6,679
|
)
|
Interest income, net
|
|
|
56
|
|
|
|
127
|
|
|
|
145
|
|
|
|
5,346
|
|
|
|
6,394
|
|
|
|
3,784
|
|
|
|
1,337
|
|
Foreign exchange gain (loss)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
241
|
|
|
|
434
|
|
|
|
(241
|
)
|
|
|
(89
|
)
|
|
|
(215
|
)
|
Minority interest
|
|
|
(183
|
)
|
|
|
(186
|
)
|
|
|
(75
|
)
|
|
|
(204
|
)
|
|
|
(100
|
)
|
|
|
(100
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) before income taxes
|
|
|
2,305
|
|
|
|
948
|
|
|
|
(2,558
|
)
|
|
|
(14,838
|
)
|
|
|
(34,359
|
)
|
|
|
(7,880
|
)
|
|
|
(5,557
|
)
|
Provision for income taxes
|
|
|
(312
|
)
|
|
|
(231
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,205
|
)
|
|
|
(300
|
)
|
|
|
(300
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss)
|
|
|
1,993
|
|
|
|
717
|
|
|
|
(2,558
|
)
|
|
|
(16,043
|
)
|
|
|
(34,659
|
)
|
|
|
(8,180
|
)
|
|
|
(5,557
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Preferred dividends
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(29
|
)
|
|
|
(54
|
)
|
|
|
(15
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) available to ordinary shareholders
|
|
$
|
1,993
|
|
|
$
|
688
|
|
|
$
|
(2,612
|
)
|
|
$
|
(16,058
|
)
|
|
$
|
(34,659
|
)
|
|
$
|
(8,180
|
)
|
|
$
|
(5,557
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) per ordinary share Basic and diluted
|
|
$
|
0.006
|
|
|
$
|
0.002
|
|
|
$
|
(0.007
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.034
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.062
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.015
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.010
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares used in computing net income (loss) per ordinary share
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
|
314,022,800
|
|
|
|
317,075,870
|
|
|
|
362,473,760
|
|
|
|
471,389,525
|
|
|
|
558,946,827
|
|
|
|
538,661,930
|
|
|
|
583,404,690
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted
|
|
|
356,688,700
|
|
|
|
386,074,820
|
|
|
|
362,473,760
|
|
|
|
471,389,525
|
|
|
|
558,946,827
|
|
|
|
538,661,930
|
|
|
|
583,404,690
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
47
Non-cash stock compensation expenses for the years ended December 31, 1999, 2000
and 2001 and for the six months ended June 30, 2001 and 2002 have been recorded as follows:
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
Six months ended June 30,
|
|
|
1999
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
|
2001
|
|
2002
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
Research and development
|
|
$
|
36
|
|
$
|
923
|
|
$
|
1,416
|
|
$
|
590
|
|
$
|
811
|
Sales and marketing
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
120
|
|
|
197
|
|
|
83
|
|
|
118
|
General and administrative
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
4,497
|
|
|
193
|
|
|
83
|
|
|
121
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
52
|
|
$
|
5,540
|
|
$
|
1,806
|
|
$
|
756
|
|
$
|
1,050
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Parthus adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards,
otherwise known as SFAS, No. 142 effective January 1, 2002. Under SFAS No. 142, goodwill is no longer amortized, but instead is tested for impairment at least annually. The following table provides a reconciliation of reported net income (loss) to
adjusted net income (loss) and net income (loss) per ordinary share excluding goodwill amortization for all periods presented.
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
Six months ended June 30,
|
|
|
|
1997
|
|
1998
|
|
1999
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
2001
|
|
|
2001
|
|
|
2002
|
|
|
|
(in thousands, except per share data)
|
|
Reported net income (loss)
|
|
$
|
1,993
|
|
$
|
688
|
|
$
|
(2,612
|
)
|
|
$
|
(16,058
|
)
|
|
$
|
(34,659
|
)
|
|
$
|
(8,180
|
)
|
|
$
|
(5,557
|
)
|
Add back goodwill amortization
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7,824
|
|
|
|
942
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adjusted net income
|
|
$
|
1,993
|
|
$
|
688
|
|
$
|
(2,612
|
)
|
|
$
|
(16,058
|
)
|
|
$
|
(26,835
|
)
|
|
$
|
(7,238
|
)
|
|
$
|
(5,557
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per ordinary share
|
|
$
|
0.006
|
|
$
|
0.002
|
|
$
|
(0.007
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.034
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.062
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.015
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.010
|
)
|
Add back goodwill amortization
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.014
|
|
|
|
0.004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adjusted basic and diluted net income (loss) per ordinary share
|
|
$
|
0.006
|
|
$
|
0.002
|
|
$
|
(0.007
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.034
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.048
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.011
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.010
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
June 30, 2002
|
|
|
1997
|
|
1998
|
|
1999
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
Balance Sheet Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
3,415
|
|
$
|
14,350
|
|
$
|
10,314
|
|
$
|
159,865
|
|
$
|
121,503
|
|
$
|
114,101
|
Working capital
|
|
|
3,365
|
|
|
13,117
|
|
|
8,057
|
|
|
147,386
|
|
|
107,273
|
|
|
101,141
|
Total assets
|
|
|
7,626
|
|
|
19,208
|
|
|
16,900
|
|
|
179,246
|
|
|
205,820
|
|
|
202,455
|
Minority interest
|
|
|
755
|
|
|
989
|
|
|
909
|
|
|
1,001
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Redeemable shares
|
|
|
987
|
|
|
2,598
|
|
|
1,635
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total shareholders equity
|
|
$
|
3,558
|
|
$
|
12,109
|
|
$
|
7,881
|
|
$
|
157,516
|
|
$
|
182,087
|
|
$
|
179,589
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
48
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The discussion below of the financial condition and results of operations of our DSP cores licensing business assumes that this business
had operated as a stand-alone entity for the periods presented. This discussion does not give effect to the combination of this business with Parthus.
The discussion below of the financial condition and results of operations of Parthus does not give effect to the combination of Parthus with the DSP cores licensing business.
You should read the following discussion together with Cevas and Parthus consolidated financial statements and the related
notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result
of various factors, including those set forth under Risk Factors and elsewhere in this prospectus.
DSP Cores
Licensing Business Overview
Our DSP cores licensing business develops and licenses designs of programmable
digital signal processor (DSP) cores and DSP core-based sub-systems. A programmable DSP is a special-purpose, software-controlled processor that, through complex mathematical calculations, analyzes, manipulates and enhances digital voice, audio and
video signals. The programmable DSP cores we design are used as the central processors in semiconductor chips made for specific applications. These chips are used in a wide variety of electronic devices, including digital cellular telephones,
modems, hard disk drive controllers, MP3 players, voice over packet products and digital cameras, and are critical to the performance of the electronic products in which they are used. A DSP core-based sub-system incorporates additional hardware
blocks required as interfaces from the DSP core for the overall system.
Our DSP cores product line, first
introduced in 1991, consists of a family of five DSP core designs and one DSP core-based sub-system, the XpertTeak, that are sold under the SmartCores brand name throughout the world. Each of our SmartCores products offers a different balance of
high performance, power-efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Our designs are independent of specific semiconductor manufacturing processes, and can therefore be used by a wide variety of customers. The DSP cores we design are appropriate for use in
both current and emerging applications requiring digital signal processing. We market our designs as well as a wide array of software and hardware development tools and technical support services.
We license our designs to leading semiconductor companies throughout the world. These companies incorporate our cores and core-based
subsystems into application-specific chips or custom-designed chips that they manufacture, market and sell to original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) of a variety of electronic products. We also license our designs to OEMs directly. To date, we have
licensed our cores to more than 60 licensees, including leading semiconductor companies and OEMs such as Atmel, Fujitsu, Infineon Technologies, Kawasaki, LSI Logic, Mitsubishi, National Semiconductor, NEC, Oki, Philips Semiconductors, Samsung,
Seiko-Epson, Sony and Tower Semiconductors, some of which have multiple licenses with us. We generate our revenues in our DSP cores licensing business from license and maintenance and support fees and from royalties. Our goal is to establish our
licensable DSP cores as the standard in DSP-based chips for high-volume and emerging digital signal processing applications.
For the purpose of separating the DSP cores licensing business and technology activities into an independent company, Ceva was incorporated in Delaware in November 1999 under the name DSP Cores, Inc. as a wholly-owned subsidiary of
DSP Group and changed our name to Ceva, Inc. in April 2002. We have two wholly-owned subsidiaries, DSP Ceva, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and ParthusCeva, Ltd., an Israeli company wholly owned by DSP Ceva. DSP Ceva holds our intellectual property
rights in the United States and conducts our marketing,
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sales and technical support for our U.S. customers. In addition to conducting our research and development activities, ParthusCeva, Ltd. is engaged in marketing, sales, technical support and
certain general and administrative functions associated with the sale of our products in areas other than the United States. In addition, we utilize the services of DSP Group and its subsidiaries in Japan and France for sales and technical support
activities, and their costs are allocated to us under the transition service agreements with DSP Group and its subsidiaries. For additional information relating to the terms of various agreements we entered into with DSP Group in connection with the
separation of the DSP cores licensing business from DSP Group, including the separation agreement, the transition services agreements and the technology transfer agreements, please see the section captioned Separation of DSP Cores Licensing
Business from DSP Group.
The financial information presented in this prospectus and Cevas
consolidated financial statements reflect its separation from DSP Group and have been prepared as if the separation of the DSP cores licensing business from DSP Group had been in effect throughout the relevant periods. The historical consolidated
financial statements show the DSP cores licensing business as a carved out entity from the consolidated financial statements of DSP Group, using the historical results of operations and historical bases of assets and liabilities of our DSP cores
licensing business as described in this prospectus. This information may not be indicative of our future financial position, results of operations or cash flows, nor is it necessarily indicative of what our financial position, results of operations
or cash flows would have been had we been a separate, stand-alone entity for the periods presented. We have not made adjustments to our historical financial information to reflect the significant changes in the cost structure, funding and operations
which will result from the separation of the DSP cores licensing business from DSP Group and the combination with Parthus, including any increased costs associated with reduced economies of scale, increased marketing expenses related to building our
brand, and increased costs associated with being a stand-alone, publicly traded company. Additionally, upon the termination of the transition services agreements with DSP Group and its subsidiaries, we may be required to incur additional expenses
for services that DSP Group and its subsidiaries have agreed to provide pursuant to the transition services agreements, including general and administrative services, information services, sales and marketing services and certain research and
development services, because the prices charged to us by DSP Group and its subsidiaries for such services may be lower than the prices that we may be required to pay third parties for similar services or the costs of similar services if we
undertake them ourselves. As a result, the cost of retaining such services after the termination of the transaction services agreements with DSP Group and its subsidiaries may be higher than the cost allocation for such services reflected in our
historical financial statements. However, we do not believe that such additional costs, if any, will be material.
Cevas
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results
of operations of our DSP cores licensing business are based upon the consolidated financial statements of this business, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of
these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our
estimates, including those related to bad debts, taxes on income, financing operations, warranty obligations and contingencies and litigation. Ceva based its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be
reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates. In
December 2001, the Securities and Exchange Commission requested that all registrants discuss their critical accounting policies in the discussion and analysis of their financial condition and results of operations. The Securities and
Exchange Commission indicated that a critical accounting policy is one which is both important to the portrayal of a companys financial condition and results and requires managements most difficult, subjective or complex
judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain.
Cevas significant accounting policies are fully described in Note 2 to its consolidated financial statements. Not all of these significant accounting policies, however, require management to make difficult, complex or
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subjective judgements or estimates. We believe that the DSP cores licensing business accounting policies relating to revenue recognition, business combination, goodwill and other
identifiable intangibles and options to employees described below fit the definition of critical accounting policies.
Revenue Recognition
The DSP cores licensing business reports revenue in two categories:
licensing and royalties, and technical support and other. The first, licensing and royalty revenues are derived from the following: (i) licensing revenues from our license agreements; and (ii) royalty revenues when our licensees sell products
incorporating DSP cores technology. Technical support and other revenues are derived from providing training, maintenance and technical support services to our DSP cores licensing customers. All license, royalties and technical support agreements
are denominated in U.S. dollars. We recognize revenues based upon the country of origin of our licensees. Therefore, our geographic revenue stream for the DSP cores business fluctuates from period to period depending upon the country of origin of
new license agreements signed and recognized in a given period.
We recognize software revenue for the DSP cores
licensing business in accordance with SOP 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, as amended by SOP 98-9, Modification of SOP 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, with Respect to Certain Transactions. Under SOP 97-2, revenues are
recognized when: (1) collection is probable; (2) delivery has occurred; (3) the license fee is otherwise fixed or determinable; and (4) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists and no further obligation exists. SOP 97-2 generally
requires revenue earned on software arrangements involving multiple elements to be allocated to each element based on the relative fair value of the elements. We have also adopted SOP 98-9, Modification of SOP 97-2, Software Revenue
Recognition with Respect to Certain Transactions, for all multiple element transactions entered into after January 1, 2000. SOP 98-9 requires that revenue be recognized under the residual method when vendor specific objective
evidence, otherwise known as VSOE, of fair value exists for all undelivered elements and VSOE does not exist for one of the delivered elements. The VSOE of fair value of the undelivered elements (maintenance and technical support) is determined
based on the renewal rate or on the price charged for the undelivered element when sold separately. SOP 97-2 specifies that extended payment terms in a software licensing arrangement may indicate that the software license fees are not deemed to be
fixed or determinable. If the fee is not fixed or determinable, or if collection is not considered probable, revenue is recognized as payments become due. However, SOP 97-2 specifies that if a company has a standard business practice of using
extended payment terms in software licensing arrangements and has a history of successfully collecting the software license fees under the original terms of the software licensing arrangement without making concessions, the company should recognize
the software license fees when all other SOP 97-2 revenue recognition criteria are met. We have concluded that, in our DSP cores licensing business, for certain software arrangements with extended payment terms, the fixed or determinable
presumption has been overcome and software license fees have been recognized upon meeting the remaining SOP 97-2 revenue recognition criteria. Maintenance and technical support revenues included in multiple element arrangements in our DSP cores
licensing business are deferred and recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the maintenance and the support agreement or when such services are performed.
Business Combinations
We
account for the combination with Parthus utilizing the purchase method of accounting with Ceva treated as the accounting acquirer. The purchase method of accounting requires the determination of the acquiring entity in all business combinations.
Statement 141 provides that all pertinent facts and circumstances should be considered. Statement 141 provides, in particular, a listing of facts and circumstances for consideration in determining the acquirer. Following is an analysis of the such
facts and circumstances as applicable to the combination:
Voting Rights
DSP Group stockholders will hold shares representing no less than 50.1% of the ParthusCeva common
stock issued and outstanding immediately following the combination. Former Parthus shareholders will receive
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ParthusCeva common stock representing no more than 49.9% of the ParthusCeva common stock issued and outstanding immediately following the combination. Taking into account the exercise of options
granted by DSP Group and options and contingent share issuances granted by Parthus, DSP Group stockholders will hold shares representing between 50.1% to 51% of the ParthusCeva common stock in any scenario.
According to this criteria, Ceva is the legal and accounting acquirer.
Minority voting interest
No significant/large minority voting interest will exist in the combined company (ParthusCeva). The largest stockholder of DSP Group will hold approximately 4.5% in the combined company and the largest
percentage of voting interests held by one former shareholder of Parthus will be approximately 9% in the combined company. The particular former shareholder of Parthus agreed not to acquire shares of ParthusCeva during a period of one year from the
effective date of the combination (except for receipt of stock options meeting certain requirements). Immediately following the combination, no other stockholder of the combined company will hold 5% or more of the issued and outstanding common stock
of ParthusCeva.
Since immediately following the combination no shareholders group will hold a significant
minority voting interest and since both of the largest existing voting interests will be approximately the same, this criteria does not support either Ceva or Parthus as the acquirer for accounting purposes.
Composition of the Board of Directors
The board of directors of ParthusCeva will comprise eight members in total, including five non-executive directors. Four directors will be representatives of DSP Group
stockholders and four directors will be representatives of former Parthus shareholders. Except for specific circumstances, generally, matters brought before the board of directors will be made by vote of a majority of the directors.
It has been agreed by the parties that a two year voting agreement will be signed by certain former shareholders of Parthus and
stockholders of DSP Group who will hold in the aggregate approximately 17.5% and approximately 2.7% of the ParthusCeva shares as of the date of the combination (although the voting agreements apply to any additional shares subsequently acquired by
such stockholders, including upon the exercise of options), respectively.
The voting agreement obligates them to
vote together for the election of nominees to serve as members of the ParthusCeva board of directors. Further, with respect to all other matters to be voted on by stockholders, the stockholder must vote either: (X) in accordance with the
recommendations of the ParthusCeva board of directors, or (Y) for or against any such matter in the same proportion as the shares owned by all other stockholders that are voted with respect to such matters, if the board of directors makes no such
recommendation.
This criteria does not support that either Ceva or Parthus is the acquirer for accounting
purposes.
Senior Management
Key executives of ParthusCeva will include four executives from DSP Group and five executives from Parthus:
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DSP Group executives will hold the positions of Chairman of the board of directors; Executive Vice PresidentBusiness Development and Chief Technology
Officer; Vice President and General Manager of the DSP Intellectual Property Licensing Division; and Chief ScientistDSP Technologies.
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Parthus executives will hold the positions of President and Chief Executive Officer, who will also be a board member of ParthusCeva; Vice Chairman; Executive
Vice President and Chief Operating Officer; Chief Financial Officer; and Vice PresidentSales.
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In addition, ParthusCeva will have a management committee to decide on and be
responsible for significant issues. This committee will comprise two executives from DSP Group and two executives from Parthus. The Chief Financial Officer of ParthusCeva will be entitled to attend management committee meetings on a non-voting
basis. The management committee is to be consulted with respect to any proposed budget, business plan, major policy or business decision before implementation thereof by ParthusCeva or submission thereof to the board for review or approval.
Since the management committee will include two executives from DSP Group and two executives from Parthus, and
since key executives of ParthusCeva will include four persons from DSP Group and five persons from Parthus, but with the Chairman from DSP Group, this criteria does not support that either Ceva or Parthus is the acquirer for accounting purposes.
Premium Over the Market
FAS 141 indicates that this criteria can be used only if the two combining companies are public companies.
Only Parthus is a public company. Therefore, this criteria is irrelevant to this case.
Combining companies assets, revenues, and earnings
The revenues and net tangible assets of Parthus are greater then those of Ceva. However the gross margin and net income of Ceva
significantly exceed those of Parthus.
This criteria does not support either Ceva or Parthus as the acquirer for
accounting purposes but in an IP company net income is a more important factor than tangible assets.
Distribution of cash
Immediately prior to the closing,
Parthus will distribute a $60 million cash repayment of capital to its shareholders.
The total consideration
received by Parthus shareholders includes both cash and shares. According to this criteria, Ceva is the accounting acquirer.
Ceva is the issuer of the shares in the transaction, and accordingly the legal acquirer.
The FASB notes that in general no one factor set force above is more important than another in identifying the acquirer. Based on the above guidance and analysis, considering especially the fact that DSP Groups stockholders
will hold more than 50% (on an actual and on a fully diluted basis) of the voting stock of ParthusCeva, the existence of the management committee, that the Chairman of the board of directors of ParthusCeva is currently an employee of DSP Group, the
existence of voting agreements between the largest minority stockholders of ParthusCeva, that the former shareholders of Parthus will receive a $60 million cash repayment of capital and that Ceva is the legal acquirer, we came to the conclusion that
the acquirer for accounting purposes is Ceva.
The business combination of Parthus and Ceva requires management to
estimate the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the combination. These estimates of fair value are based on our business plan for the entities acquired including redundancies, restructuring, use of assets acquired and
assumptions as to the ultimate resolution of obligations assumed for which no future benefit will be received. Should the actual use of assets or resolution of obligations differ from our estimates, revisions to the estimated fair values would be
required. If a change in estimate occurs after one year of the acquisition, the change would be recorded in our statement of operations.
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Goodwill and Other Identifiable Intangibles
We assess the impairment of goodwill and other identifiable intangibles whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the
carrying value may not be recoverable. Some factors we consider important which could trigger an impairment review include the following:
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Significant under performance relative to expected historical or projected future operating results;
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Significant changes in the manner of our use of the acquired assets or the strategy for our overall business; and
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Significant negative industry or economic trends.
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In accordance with SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, on January 1, 2002 we will cease amortizing goodwill arising from acquisitions completed prior to July 1, 2001. In
lieu of amortization, we are required to perform an initial impairment review of our goodwill in 2002 and an annual impairment review thereafter. If we determine through the impairment review process that goodwill has been impaired, we would record
the impairment charge in our statement of operations.
Accounting for Stock Based Compensation
In accordance with the provisions of the Financial Accounting Standards Boards (FASB)
Statement of Accounting Standard No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation (SFAS No. 123), the Company has elected to follow the Accounting Principles Boards Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to
Employees and the related interpretations (APB No. 25) in accounting for its employee stock based compensation plan. Because the transfer of the assets and liabilities and employees from DSP Group to Ceva has not yet occurred, the
measurement date for valuing the options that had previously granted to Ceva employees will be taking place upon the separation. Consequently, on the measurement date (i.e., separation date) compensation expense, which will be calculated as the
difference between actual fair value of the Companys shares on the separation date (i.e., first trading date) and the exercise prices of the options multiplied by the number of options granted to Ceva employees, may need to be recognized. For
the vested options the stock compensation expenses will be recorded immediately on the separation date. For the unvested options, the compensation expenses will be recorded ratably over the remaining vesting period.
Results of Operations for the DSP Cores Licensing Business
Three months ended June 30, 2002 and 2001
Total
Revenues
The total revenues for the DSP cores licensing business decreased to $4.6 million for the three
months ended June 30, 2002 from $7.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2001. This decrease of 35% was due to our decreased revenues from licensing and royalty revenues, as well as decreased technical support and other revenues primarily
due to the slowdown in the global economy, which affected our ability to sign new license agreements.
Licensing
and royalty revenues for the DSP cores licensing business accounted for 82% of the total revenues for the DSP cores licensing business for the second quarter of 2002, as compared to 83% of the total revenues for the second quarter of 2001. Technical
support and other revenues in the DSP cores licensing business accounted for 18% of the total revenues for the DSP cores licensing business for the second quarter of 2002, as compared to 17% of the total revenues for the second quarter of 2001.
We had two customers who generated more than 58% of our revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2002, with
revenues from these two licensees accounting for 35% and 23% of the total revenues for the DSP cores licensing business. Revenues from three licensees generated more than 65% of our revenues for the three
54
months ended June 30, 2001, with revenues from these three licensees accounting for 34%, 18% and 13% of total revenues for the DSP cores licensing business in that period. Generally, the
composition of the significant customers that generate greater than 10% of revenues in our DSP cores licensing business varies quarter to quarter because we generally recognize a substantial amount of the revenues derived from a license agreement
during the quarter that the DSP cores technology is delivered to the customer, which is typically during the quarter of signing of the license agreement. As a result, our revenues in any given quarter for this line of business are largely dependent
on our ability to enter into license agreements with new customers.
Licensing and Royalty Revenues
Licensing and royalty revenues for our DSP cores licensing business decreased in the second quarter of
2002 to $3.8 million from $5.9 million in the same quarter of 2001. This decrease of 35% was primarily due to decreases in both licensing revenues and royalty revenues.
Licensing Revenues
Licensing revenues for the DSP cores licensing business decreased to $3.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2002 from $4.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2001. The decrease of approximately 27% was
primarily due to additional revenues received from existing license agreements in the second quarter of 2001, as compared to the same period in 2002, partially offset by additional revenues received from three new license agreements in the second
quarter of 2002 as compared to two new license agreements in the same period in 2001. We believe our ability to enter into new license agreements in 2002 was particularly hindered by the slowdown in the global wireless and cellular market.
Unit and Prepaid Royalty Revenues
Unit and prepaid royalty revenues for the DSP cores licensing business were $0.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2002 and $1.8 million for the three months
ended June 30, 2001. We had nine licensees paying unit royalties for the three months ended June 30, 2002 as compared to seven licensees paying unit royalties in the DSP cores licensing business in the three months ended June 30, 2001. The
decrease was primarily due to lower per-unit royalties from some of our license agreements due to volume pricing, as the overall quantities of products shipped by our licensees, mostly in the cellular and hard disk drive markets, increased in the
second quarter of 2002 as compared to the same period in 2001. Royalty-generating licensees reported sales of 19.4 million chips incorporating our DSP cores technology for the three months ended June 30, 2002 and 17.6 million chips for the three
months ended June 30, 2001.
One royalty-generating licensee accounted for more than 58% of the total revenues for
the DSP cores licensing business for the three months ended June 30, 2002.
Technical Support and
Other Revenues
Technical support and other revenues for the DSP cores licensing business decreased to
$0.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2002 from $1.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2001. The decrease of approximately 31% was due primarily to provision of fewer technical support and related services to our licensees in
2002 as compared to 2001, primarily as a result of the slowdown in the global wireless and cellular markets.
Geographic Revenue Analysis
For the three months ended June 30, 2002, revenues for
the DSP cores licensing business in the United States represented 35% of total revenues for the DSP cores licensing business, while Japan represented 10%, the rest of Asia represented 9% and Europe and the rest of the world represented 46% of our
total revenues. For the three months ended June 30, 2001, revenues for the DSP cores licensing business in the United States represented 7% of the total revenues, while Japan represented 15%, the rest of Asia represented 19% and Europe and the rest
of the world represented 59% of the total revenues.
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Cost of Revenues
Cost of revenues for the DSP cores licensing business was $305,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2002, as compared to $341,000 for
the three months ended June 30, 2001. The decrease of approximately 11% in cost of revenues was primarily due to high costs of manufacturing development boards and additional development tools in the second quarter of 2001, as compared to the same
period in 2002, as a result of higher level of sales of these tools in the second quarter of 2001 as compared to the same period in 2002. Cost of revenues for the DSP cores licensing business accounted for 7% of the total revenues in the DSP cores
licensing business for the three months ended June 30, 2002, as compared to 5% of total revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2001. The increase was primarily due to lower revenues for our DSP cores licensing business in the three months
ended June 30, 2002, as compared to the same period in 2001. The above resulted in total gross profits of 93% and 95% for the three months ended June 30, 2002 and 2001, respectively. Cost of revenues for the DSP cores licensing business consisted
mainly of payroll of employees involved in providing various technical and support services to our customers and associated facilities expenses.
Research and Development Expenses, Net
Research and
development expenses for the DSP cores licensing business, net of related research grants we received from the Office of Chief Scientist magnet programs, were $1.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2002, as compared to $1.5 million
for the three months ended June 30, 2001. For the three months ended June 30, 2002, we recorded $318,000 in research grants from the magnet programs for the DSP cores licensing business. For the three months ended June 30, 2001, we recorded
$56,000 in these research grants. We have no obligation to pay royalties on the intellectual property developed using these research grants, and all monies received are non-refundable. The increase of approximately 6% in research and development
expenses in 2002, as compared to 2001, was primarily due to an increase in engineering personnel by 8% and additional investment in the development of our new XpertTeak platform. Research and development expenses as a percentage of total revenues
within the DSP cores licensing business was 34% for the three months ended June 30, 2002 as compared to 21% for the three months ended June 30, 2001. The increase was primarily due to our lower revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2002, as
compared to the same period in 2001. Research and development expenses consisted mainly of payroll for employees involved in research and development, depreciation and maintenance fees relating to equipment and software tools and associated
facilities expenses.
Sales and Marketing Expenses
Sales and marketing expenses for the DSP cores licensing business increased by 13% to $790,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2002
from $702,000 for the same quarter in 2001. This increase was due primarily to an increase in the number of sales and marketing personnel as a result of increased sales and marketing efforts for our DSP cores licensing business. Sales and marketing
expenses as a percentage of total revenues for the DSP cores licensing business were 17% for the three months ended June 30, 2002 as compared to 10% for the three months ended June 30, 2001. The increase was primarily due to our lower revenues for
the three months ended June 30, 2002, as compared to the same period in 2001. Sales and marketing expenses for our DSP cores licensing business consisted mainly of payroll of direct sales and marketing employees, sales commissions, production of
marketing literature and trade show expenses.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses for the DSP cores licensing business were $662,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2002
as compared to $674,000 in the three months ended June 30, 2001. General and administrative expenses as a percentage of total revenues for the DSP cores licensing business were 14% for the three months ended June 30, 2002, as compared to 10% for the
three months ended June 30, 2001. The increase was primarily due to our lower revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2002, as compared to the same period in 2001. General and administrative expenses for our DSP cores licensing business
consisted mainly of allocated employee, accounting, legal, facility and maintenance costs.
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Financial Income, Net
Financial income, net, for the DSP cores licensing business was $32,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2002, as compared to $115,000 for the three months ended
June 30, 2001. This decrease was due primarily to our lower net income for the three months ended June 30, 2002, as compared to the same period in 2001, which resulted from less income for investment purposes.
Taxes on Income
The DSP cores licensing business had an effective tax expense of $300,000 and $265,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2002 and 2001, respectively. The effective tax expense in the second quarter
of 2001 was lower than the effective tax expense in 2002 even though income before taxes was higher in the second quarter of 2001 than in the same period of 2002, due to a lower percentage of revenues generated in the United States, which are
subject to higher tax rates than revenues earned elsewhere because revenues earned elsewhere generally benefit from Israeli tax holiday treatment and tax-exempt income status. Revenues generated in the United States represented 35% of the total
revenues for the DSP cores licensing business for the three months ended June 30, 2002 as compared to 7% of total revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2001.
Six Months Ended June 30, 2002 and 2001
Total Revenues
The total revenues for the DSP cores
licensing business decreased to $8.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2002 from $13.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2001. This decrease of 33% was due to decreased revenues from licensing royalty revenues in our DSP cores
licensing business, as well as decreased technical support and other revenues primarily due to the slowdown in the global economy, which affected our ability to sign new license agreements.
Licensing and royalty revenues accounted for 81% of the total revenues for the DSP cores licensing business for the six months ended June 30, 2002, as compared to 82% of
the total revenues for the same period in 2001. Technical support and other revenues accounted for 19% of the total revenues for the DSP cores licensing business for the six months ended June 30, 2002, as compared to 18% of the total revenues for
the same period in 2001.
We had three customers who generated more than 45% of the revenues for our DSP cores
licensing business in the six months ended June 30, 2002, with revenues from these three licensees accounting for approximately 19%, 14% and 12% of total revenues in that period. Revenues from four licensees generated more than 71% of the revenues
for our DSP cores licensing business in the six months ended June 30, 2001, with revenues from these four licensees accounting for approximately 21%, 18%, 17% and 15% of total revenues for the DSP cores licensing business in that period. Generally,
the composition of our significant customers that generate greater than 10% of revenues for our DSP cores licensing business varies from quarter to quarter because we generally recognize a substantial amount of the revenues derived from a license
agreement during the quarter that the DSP cores technology is delivered to the customer, which is typically during the quarter of signing of the license agreement. As a result, revenues in any given quarter for our DSP cores licensing business are
largely dependent on our ability to enter into license agreements with new customers.
Licensing and Royalty Revenues
Licensing and royalty
revenues for our DSP cores licensing business decreased for the six months ended June 30, 2002 to $7.0 million from $10.7 million for the same period in 2001. This decrease of approximately 34% was primarily due to decreases in both licensing
revenues and royalty revenues.
Licensing Revenues
Licensing revenues for the DSP cores licensing business decreased to $4.7 million for the six months
ended June 30, 2002 from $7.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2001. The decrease of approximately 33% was primarily due to the fact that we received greater revenues from certain of our agreements in 2001, as
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compared to 2002, primarily because we were able to negotiate higher licensing fees for certain of our products in 2001. We believe our ability to enter into new license agreements in 2002 was
particularly hindered by the slowdown in the global wireless and cellular market.
Unit and Prepaid Royalty Revenues
Unit and prepaid royalty
revenues for our DSP cores licensing business were $2.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2002, as compared to $3.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2001. We had nine and seven unit royalty-paying licensees in this business for the
six months ended June 30, 2002 and 2001, respectively. The decrease was primarily due to lower per-unit royalties from some of the license agreements in our DSP cores licensing business due to volume pricing, as well as lower overall quantities of
products shipped by our licensees that incorporated our technology (mostly in the cellular and hard disk drive markets) for the six months ended June 30, 2002, as compared to the same period in 2001. Royalty-generating licensees for our DSP cores
licensing business reported sales of 41.2 million chips incorporating our technology for the six months ended June 30, 2002, as compared to 46.7 million DSP core-based chips for the same period in 2001.
One royalty-generating licensee accounted for 19% of the total revenues for the DSP cores licensing business for the six months ended June
30, 2002.
Technical Support and Other Revenues
Technical support and other revenues for the DSP cores licensing business decreased to $1.7 million for the six months ended
June 30, 2002 from $2.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2001. The decrease of approximately 26% was primarily due to the provision of fewer technical support and related services to our DSP cores licensees in 2002, as compared to 2001,
primarily as a result of the slowdown in the global wireless and cellular markets.
Geographic Revenue Analysis
For the six months ended June
30, 2002, revenues for the DSP cores licensing business in the United States represented 34% of the total revenues for the DSP cores licensing business, while Japan represented 8%, the rest of Asia represented 9% and Europe and the rest of the world
represented 49% of our total revenues. For the six months ended June 30, 2001, revenues for the DSP cores licensing business in the United States represented 24% of the total revenues, while Japan represented 19%, the rest of Asia represented 19%
and Europe and the rest of the world represented 38% of our total revenue.
Cost of
Revenues
Cost of revenues for the DSP cores licensing business was $616,000 for the six months ended June
30, 2002, as compared to $607,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2001. Cost of revenues for the DSP cores licensing business accounted for 7% of the total revenues for the DSP cores licensing business for the six months ended June 30, 2002, as
compared to 5% of the total revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2001. The increase was primarily due to our lower revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2002, as compared to the same period in 2001. The above resulted in total gross
profits for our DSP cores licensing business of 93% and 95% for the six months ended June 30, 2002 and 2001, respectively. Cost of revenues consisted for our DSP cores licensing business mainly of payroll of employees involved in providing various
technical and support services to our customers and associated facilities expenses.
Research and Development Expenses, Net
Research and
development expenses for the DSP cores licensing business, net of related research grants we received from the Office of Chief Scientist magnet programs, were $3.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2002, as compared to $2.7 million for
the six months ended June 30, 2001. For the six months ended
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June 30, 2002, we recorded $558,000 in research grants from the magnet programs for the DSP cores licensing business. For the six months ended June 30, 2001, we recorded $153,000 in these
research grants. We have no obligation to pay royalties on the intellectual property developed using these research grants, and all monies received are non-refundable. The increase of approximately 20% in research and development expenses in 2002,
as compared to 2001, was primarily due to an 8% increase in the number of engineering personnel and additional investment in the development of our new XpertTeak platform. Research and development expenses as a percentage of total revenues for the
DSP cores licensing business was approximately 37% for the six months ended June 30, 2002, as compared to 21% for the six months ended June 30, 2001. The increase of 16% was primarily due to lower revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2002, as
compared to the same period in 2001. Research and development expenses for our DSP cores licensing business consisted mainly of payroll for employees involved in research and development, depreciation and maintenance fees relating to equipment and
software tools and associated facilities expenses.
Sales and Marketing Expenses
Sales and marketing expenses for the DSP cores licensing business increased by 12% to $1.5 million for
the six months ended June 30, 2002 from $1.3 million for the same period in 2001. This increase was primarily due to an increase in the number of sales and marketing personnel as a result of increased sales and marketing efforts. Sales and marketing
expenses as a percentage of total revenues for the DSP cores licensing business were 17% for the six months ended June 30, 2002 as compared to 10% for the six months ended June 30, 2001. The increase was primarily due to lower revenues for the six
months ended June 30, 2002, as compared to the same period in 2001. Sales and marketing expenses for our DSP cores licensing business consisted mainly of payroll of direct sales and marketing employees, sales commissions, production of marketing
literature and trade show expenses.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses for the DSP cores licensing business were $1.4 million for both of
the six months ended June 30, 2002 and 2001, respectively. General and administrative expenses as a percentage of total revenues for the DSP cores licensing business were 16% for the six months ended June 30, 2002, as compared to 10% for the six
months ended June 30, 2001. The increase was primarily due to lower revenues in our DSP cores licensing business for the six months ended June 30, 2002, as compared to the same period in 2001. General and administrative expenses for our DSP cores
licensing business consisted mainly of allocated employee, accounting, legal, facility and maintenance costs.
Financial Income, Net
Financial income, net, for the DSP
cores licensing business was $50,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2002, as compared to $221,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2001. This decrease was due primarily to lower net income for in DSP cores licensing business for the six months
ended June 30, 2002, as compared to the same period in 2001, which resulted from less income for investment purposes.
Taxes on Income
The DSP cores
licensing business had an effective tax expense of $0.5 million and $1.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2002 and 2001, respectively. The overall effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2001 was lower than the effective tax
rate for the same period in 2002, due to a lower percentage of its revenues generated in the United States, which are subject to higher tax rates than revenues earned elsewhere because revenues earned elsewhere generally benefit from Israeli tax
holiday treatment and tax-exempt income status. Revenues generated in the United States for the DSP cores licensing business represented 34% of its total revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2002, as compared to 24% of total revenues for the
six months ended June 30, 2001.
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Years Ended December 31, 2001 and 2000
Total Revenues
Total revenues for our DSP cores licensing business were $25.2 million in 2001, as compared to $22.9 million in 2000. This increase of 10% was primarily the result of
an increase in revenues from new licensees of our technology and higher number of technical support agreements.
Licensing and royalty revenues accounted for 83% of the total revenues for the DSP cores licensing business in 2001, as compared to 87% of the total revenues in 2000. Technical support and other revenues accounted for 17% of the
total revenues for the DSP cores licensing business in 2001, as compared to 13% of the total revenues in 2000. Revenues from three customers accounted for 24%, 15% and 14% of the total revenues for the DSP cores licensing business in 2001. Revenues
from one customer accounted for 18% of the total revenues for the DSP cores licensing business in 2000.
Licensing and Royalty Revenues
Licensing and royalty
revenues increased in 2001 to $21.0 million from $20.0 million in 2000. This increase of 5% was primarily due to an increase in licensing and royalty revenues that was off-set by a slight decrease in royalty revenues.
Licensing Revenues
Licensing revenues for the DSP cores licensing business increased by 9% to $13.7 million in 2001 from $12.6 million in 2000 primarily due to more revenues received from
certain of our agreements in 2001, as compared to 2000, primarily as a result of higher licensing fees we were able to negotiate for the licensing of certain of our products in 2001.
Unit and Prepaid Royalty Revenues
Unit and prepaid royalty revenues for the DSP cores licensing business in 2001 were $7.3 million, as compared to $7.4 million in 2000, representing a slight decrease of 1%. Our royalty-paying licensees
reported sales of 79.2 million units of DSP core-based chips incorporating our DSP core technology in 2001, as compared to 111.3 million units in 2000. To date, a majority of the royalties for our DSP cores licensing business have been from
PineDSPCores and OakDSPCores. In 2001, our first TeakLite DSP Core licensee started to ship products utilizing our TeakLite technology, and 47% of our total unit and prepaid royalties in 2001 were generated from the agreement with this TeakLite DSP
core licensee, which generates higher royalty revenues than our license agreements for Pine and Oak Cores. In the future, we expect more of the royalties for our DSP cores licensing business to be derived from our newer products, Teak, TeakLite and
PalmDSPCore.
Technical Support and Other Revenues
Technical support and other revenues for the DSP cores licensing business increased to $4.3 million in 2001 from $2.9 million
in 2000, representing an increase of 48%. This growth was driven mainly by the increasing number of technical support agreements we entered into with our licensees and the broader offering of applications, services and development tools we licensed
in 2001.
Geographic Revenue Analysis
In 2001, revenues generated in the Unites States for the DSP cores licensing business represented 43% of its total revenues, while Japan
represented 13%, the rest of Asia represented 16% and Europe and the rest of the world represented 28%. In 2000, revenues generated in the United States represented 52% of total revenues for the DSP cores licensing business, while Japan represented
15%, the rest of Asia represented 12% and Europe and the rest of the world represented 21%. The decrease in the revenues generated in the United States was primarily due to fewer licensing deals signed with U.S. companies and recognized in 2001, as
compared with 2000.
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Cost of Revenues
Cost of revenues for the DSP cores licensing business increased significantly to $1.3 million in 2001 from $0.4 million in 2000. The
increase was primarily due to an increase in support personnel of 233% for our DSP cores licensing business, as our business grew and we began to provide more support to our licensees. We expect the cost of revenues for our DSP cores licensing
business to increase in the future as we continue to expand our technical support services for the DSP cores licensing business. Cost of revenues accounted for 5% of the total revenues for our DSP cores licensing business in 2001, as compared to 2%
of its total revenues in 2000.
Research and Development Expenses, Net
Research and development expenses, net, for the DSP cores licensing business increased by 6% to
$5.1 million in 2001 from $4.8 million in 2000. Research and development costs for the DSP cores licensing business are net of related research grants from the Office of Chief Scientist magnet programs in Israel. In 2001 and 2000, we recorded
$542,000 and $578,000, respectively, in these research grants from the magnet programs. We have no obligation to pay royalties on the intellectual property developed using these grants, and all monies received are non-refundable. The increase of
approximately 6% in research and development expenses for the DSP cores licensing business in 2001, as compared to 2000, primarily resulted from a slight increase in engineering personnel. We intend to continue to expand our research and development
efforts to focus on the development of DSP cores with high performance, low power consumption and manufacturing process independence, while maintaining compatibility with our existing DSP cores products. Research and development expenses for the DSP
cores licensing business, as a percentage of the total revenues for the DSP cores licensing business, were 20% in 2001, as compared to 21% in 2000.
Sales and Marketing Expenses
Sales and marketing expenses for the DSP cores licensing business increased to $2.9 million in 2001 from $2.5 million in 2000. The increase of approximately 16% in sales and marketing expenses in 2001, as compared to those in 2000
was primarily due to an increase in commissions paid to our sales representatives. In addition, we incurred higher facility and overhead costs for the services we used from DSP Groups Japanese subsidiary, Nikon DSP K.K., which provides
marketing and sales services for our DSP cores licensing business in Japan, and an increase in our market data research and communications efforts. Sales and marketing expenses, as a percentage of total revenues for the DSP cores licensing business,
were 12% in 2001 and 11% in 2000.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses for our DSP cores licensing business were $2.8 million in both 2001
and 2000. General and administrative expenses as a percentage of total revenues for the DSP cores licensing business decreased to 11% in 2001 from 12% in 2000. The decrease was due to higher total revenues in this business in 2001 as compared to
2000.
Financial Income, Net
Financial income, net for our DSP cores licensing business was $462,000 in 2001, as compared to $322,000 in 2000. This increase of 43% was
due to higher levels of net income in our DSP cores licensing business from operations.
Provision for Income Taxes
The DSP cores licensing business
had an effective tax rate of 24% in 2001, as compared to 27% in 2000. The decrease in the effective tax rate for the DSP cores licensing business was primarily due to a lower percentage of its total revenues generated in the United States, which are
subject to higher tax rates than revenues earned elsewhere because revenues earned elsewhere generally benefit from Israeli tax holiday treatment and tax-exempt income status. Revenues generated in the United States represented 43% of the total
revenues for the DSP cores licensing business in 2001, as compared to 52% of total revenues in 2000. If our United States revenues increase in the future, our effective tax rate may increase as well.
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Years Ended December 31, 2000 and 1999
Total Revenues
Total revenues for the DSP cores licensing business were $22.9 million in 2000, as compared to $18.2 million in 1999. This increase of approximately 26% was primarily
due to increases in licensing revenues, as well as an increase in royalty revenues.
Licensing and royalty
revenues accounted for 87% of the total revenues in the DSP cores licensing business in 2000, as compared to 89% of those total revenues in 1999. Technical support and other revenues accounted for 13% of the total revenues in 2000 for the DSP cores
licensing business, as compared to 11% of total revenues in 1999. Revenues from one customer accounted for 18% of the total revenues for this business in 2000, while revenues from four customers accounted for 15%, 12%, 11% and 10% of its total
revenues in 1999.
Licensing and Royalty Revenues
Licensing and royalty revenues for our DSP cores licensing business increased in 2000 to $20.0 million from $16.2 million in 1999. This
increase of 23% was primarily due to an increase in both licensing and royalty revenues.
Licensing Revenues
Licensing revenues for the DSP cores
licensing business increased by 21% from $10.4 million in 1999 to $12.6 million in 2000, primarily due to an increased number of licenses of our newer DSP cores products.
Unit and Prepaid Royalty Revenues
Unit and prepaid royalty revenues for the DSP cores licensing business increased by 26% to $7.4 million in 2000, as compared to $5.9 million in 1999. Royalty-generating licensees of our DSP cores
reported sales of approximately 111.3 million units of DSP core-based chips incorporating our technologies in 2000, as compared to approximately 55.3 million units in 1999. Unit and prepaid royalty revenues for this business increased by 38% in 2000
as compared to 1999.
Technical Support and Other Revenues
Technical support and other revenues for our DSP cores licensing business increased by 45% to $2.9
million in 2000 from $2.0 million in 1999. This increase was primarily due to a different mix and pricing for technical support services and the broader offering of development tools associated with our licenses, as well as a higher number of
technical support agreements in 2000, as compared to 1999.
Geographic Revenue
Analysis
In 2000, revenues generated in the United States represented 52% of the total revenues for the
DSP cores licensing business, while Japan represented 15%, the rest of Asia represented 12% and Europe and the rest of the world represented 21% of these total revenues. In 1999 revenues generated in the United States represented 25% of the total
revenues for the DSP cores licensing business, while Japan represented 37%, the rest of Asia represented 9% and Europe and the rest of the world represented 29% of these total revenues.
Cost of Revenues
Cost of revenues for the DSP cores licensing business was $410,000 in 2000, as compared to $207,000 in 1999. This increase of approximately 98% was due to the addition to our technical support staff of a third member. Cost
of revenues accounted for 2% of the total revenues in 2000 for the DSP cores licensing business, as compared to 1% of these revenues in 1999.
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Research and Development Expenses, Net
Research and development expenses for the DSP cores licensing business increased to $4.8 million in 2000
from $3.2 million in 1999. Research and development costs for the DSP cores licensing business are net of related research grants from the Office of Chief Scientist magnet programs in Israel. In 2000, we received $578,000 in these research grants,
and in 1999 we received $70,000 in grants. We have no obligation to pay royalties on the intellectual property developed using these grants, and all monies received are non-refundable. The 50% increase of our research and development expenses in
2000, as compared to 1999, was primarily due to an approximate 32% increase in the number of engineering personnel in our DSP cores licensing business, as well as from higher expenses associated with mask charges for our Teak and TeakLite DSP
Cores development chips. Research and development expenses for the DSP cores licensing business, as a percentage of the total revenues for the DSP cores licensing business, were 21% in 2000 as compared to 18% in 1999.
Sales and Marketing Expenses
Sales and marketing expenses for the DSP cores licensing business increased to $2.5 million in 2000 from $2.0 million in 1999. This increase of 25% was primarily due to an
increase in the compensation paid to our sales and marketing personnel. The increase in expenses was also attributed to our increased sales and marketing efforts, including travel expenses and higher facility costs. Sales and marketing expenses for
the DSP cores licensing business were 11% of our total revenues in both 2000 and 1999.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and
administrative expenses for the DSP cores licensing business increased to $2.8 million in 2000 from $2.5 million in 1999. This increase of 12% was primarily due to an increase in accounting, tax and legal professional expenses we incurred with
respect to preparations for the proposed separation of the licensing division from DSP Group, including the tax planning and filing of an application with the tax authorities in both Israel and the United States in order to receive a tax-free ruling
for the separation. General and administrative expenses for the DSP cores licensing business, as a percentage of the total revenues for the DSP cores licensing business, decreased slightly to 12% in 2000 from 14% in 1999.
Financial Income, Net
Financial income, net, for the DSP cores licensing business was $322,000 in 2000 as compared to $292,000 in 1999. This increase of 10% was primarily due to higher levels of
net income in our DSP cores licensing business operations.
Provision for Income
Taxes
The effective tax rate for our DSP cores licensing business was 27% in 2000 as compared to 14% in
1999. The higher tax rate in 2000 was due to a higher percentage of total revenues generated in the United States, which are subject to higher tax rates than revenues earned elsewhere because revenues earned elsewhere generally benefit from Israeli
tax holiday treatment and tax-exempt income status. Revenues generated in the United States for the DSP cores licensing business represented 52% of the total revenues in 2000, as compared to 25% of total revenues in 1999.
DSP Cores Licensing Business Liquidity and Capital Resources
Prior to the separation of the DSP cores licensing business from DSP Group, all of the year end available cash from these operations was transferred to DSP Group. As part of the assets contributed to
us in the separation, DSP Group also contributed a total of the sum of $40 million as initial working capital plus cash equal to the amount by which the transaction costs of the separation and combination exceeded $2 million.
Operating activities for the DSP cores licensing business provided net cash of $9.5 million in 2001, $10.6 million in 2000
and $9.1 million in 1999. Cash generated from operations in all three years was primarily
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from net income, and, in 2000 and 1999, the corresponding increases in income tax payables were additionally offset by increases in trade receivables. In 2001, our net income was mainly offset by
the increase in our trade receivables. Net cash used during the six months ended June 30, 2002 for operating activities for the DSP cores licensing business was $2.1 million, as compared to $3.7 million of net cash provided by operating activities
for the six months ended June 30, 2001. Cash used by the DSP cores licensing business during the six months ended June 30, 2002 was primarily due to lower income, a decrease in income tax payable and an increase in other accounts receivable and
prepaid expenses, mainly in connection with the separation and combination. Cash generated by this business during the six months ended June 30, 2001 was primarily from net income, which was off-set by decreases in income tax payable.
Cash flow from operations of the DSP cores licensing business has been used to fund working capital requirements, as well as
property and equipment expenditures which to date have been relatively low due to the fact that the DSP cores licensing business model requires no manufacturing facilities. Capital equipment purchases of computer hardware and software used in
engineering development in the DSP cores licensing business, the company vehicles, furniture and fixtures amounted to approximately $1.5 million in 2001, $696,000 in 2000 and $832,000 in 1999. Capital expenditures for the DSP cores licensing
business were $752,000 during the six months ended June 30, 2002, as compared to $729,000 during the six months ended June 30, 2001. The high level of expenditures in 2001 as compared to 2000 and to 1999 was due to investments in new software for
the design of our next generation of DSP cores for our research and development team.
In the future, we may
invest significantly in purchasing new engineering tools for the DSP cores licensing business and renewing current engineering software licenses that we shared with DSP Group prior to the separation. We also may invest in integrating our management,
accounting, sales and technical support systems and software with those of Parthus. Additionally, as our business expands, we may need to devote increasing amounts of cash to fund working capital needs, principally for the anticipated increases in
headcount and office space expansion.
Future capital requirements for the DSP cores licensing business
will depend on a number of factors, including the timing and rate of the expansion of the business of the new combined company. We anticipate a substantial increase in our capital expenditures for the combined company to support anticipated growth
in operations, purchases of hardware and software for research and development and increases in personnel. We believe that current working capital and cash flow from operations of the combined company and the remainder of the $40 million
contribution will provide sufficient capital to fund our operations for the next 12 months.
We cannot assure you, however, that the underlying assumed levels of revenues and expenses will prove to be accurate. We may need to raise additional
funds through public or private financing or other arrangements in order to:
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develop and introduce new or enhanced DSP core designs or services;
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respond to competitive pressures;
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invest in or acquire complementary businesses or technologies; or
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respond to unanticipated requirements or developments.
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We cannot be certain that external financing will be available to us when we need it on favorable terms, if at all. If additional funds are raised through the issuance of
equity securities, dilution to existing stockholders may result. Future debt financings could involve restrictive covenants that may limit our ability to manage and grow our business. If sufficient funds are not available, we may not be able to
introduce new or enhanced DSP core designs or related services, expand our operations or compete effectively in any of our markets, any of which could materially harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.
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Seasonality
We have experienced seasonal variations in the operating results of our DSP cores licensing business. Historically it has generated more licensing and prepaid royalty
revenues in the last quarter of the fiscal year, which we believe may be due to our licensees desire to exhaust their year-end budgets as well as prepare for the next years new design trends. Therefore, licensing and prepaid royalty
revenues for the DSP cores licensing business may continue to be higher in the fourth quarter, which could result in our revenues being flat or slightly down in the subsequent fiscal first quarter. See also Risk Factors. We depend on a
relatively small number of licensees in each particular period and our inability to enter into new license agreements in a specific period, as well as other factors, could cause our operating results to fluctuate significantly, which may affect our
stock price.
DSP Cores Licensing Business Israeli Taxation and Investment Programs
Our DSP cores licensing business operations have been granted Approved Enterprise status under Israeli law under four separate investment
plans which were assigned to us from DSP Group in the separation, and one plan approved for our activities. According to the provisions of such Israeli plans, we have chosen to enjoy alternative plan benefits, which provide for tax
exemption in Israel instead of receipt of governmental grants. Accordingly, our Israeli subsidiary, Corage, Ltd.s income from an Approved Enterprise is tax-exempt for a period of two or four years, and is subject to a reduced corporate tax
rate of 10% or 25% for an additional period of six or eight years subject to the percentage of the company capital stock which is held by non-Israeli shareholders. In addition, by virtue of related Israeli law, Corage, Ltd. is entitled to claim
accelerated rates of depreciation on equipment used by an Approved Enterprise during the first five tax years from the beginning of use of the equipment. We are currently being taxed under the 10% tax bracket for our DSP cores licensing business
operations outside of the United States. The period of tax benefits is subject to limits of the earlier of 12 years from the commencement of production, or 14 years from receiving the approval and are scheduled to gradually expire starting in 2005
through 2009. To maintain Corage, Ltd.s eligibility for these tax benefits, we must continue to meet several conditions, including making specified investments in fixed assets and equity funding. According to the fifth approval we received for
our operations from the government of Israel, we were obligated to invest $970,000 in specified properties by the end of 2002. As of June 30, 2002, we have already invested the required investment amount. Recently we applied for an extension of the
plan, pursuant to which we would invest an additional $1,110,000. We are also obligated to finance thirty percent of these investments by the issuance of additional shares of Corage, Ltd. to its parent company, DSP Ceva, Inc. However, even if we
meet these conditions, these programs and tax benefits may not continue in the future at their current levels or at any level, and if we fail to comply with these conditions in the future, the benefits received could be cancelled, we may be required
to refund tax benefits already received, and we could be required to pay increased taxes.
We also receive funding
as part of our participation in research programs supported by the Office of Chief Scientist operated by Israels Ministry of Industry and Trade. We have received $558,000 of royalty-free Magnet grants for the six months ended June 30, 2002,
$542,000 in 2001, $578,000 in 2000 and $70,000 in 1999. The Israeli government has reduced the benefits available under these programs in recent years and has indicated that it may reduce or eliminate these benefits in the future.
DSP Cores Licensing Business Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
As a significant part of both the revenues and expenses of our DSP cores licensing business are denominated in U.S. dollars, we have experienced only insignificant
foreign exchange gains and losses to date. However, although we have not done so to date as part of the DSP cores licensing business, because recent increases in the volatility of the exchange rate of the NIS versus U.S. dollar could have an adverse
effect on the expenses that we incur in the State of Israel, we may hedge part of the risk of a devaluation of the NIS in the future. We will ensure that options and forward contracts meet the requirements of cash flow hedges, as defined by SFAS No.
133 (as discussed further below), and are all effective as hedges of these expenses. Such amounts will be recorded in earnings in 2002.
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Parthus Overview
Parthus was established in 1993 as a contract developer of semiconductor intellectual property for semiconductor manufacturers and electronic product manufacturers. Between
1993 and 1998, Parthus accumulated expertise in the design and development of digital, analog, mixed-signal and software technology for our customers, focusing in particular on data storage technologies.
In late 1998 Parthus decided to leverage its existing expertise into new and emerging markets, refocusing its strategy to become a leading
supplier of fully integrated platform solutions to electronic product manufacturers and semiconductor manufacturers for applications in the mobile Internet market. With this strategy, Parthus generates revenues from IP licensing, IP creation, and
Hard IP.
Parthus Principal Developments in 2001
Total revenue for the year increased 28% to $40.9 million from $31.9 million in 2000. IP licensing revenue was Parthus largest revenue stream, accounting for 72% of
its total revenue in 2001. Parthus entered into 25 license agreements during the year, including a portfolio license, with 14 new licensing customers, making a total of 74 license agreements in place by December 31, 2001.
In April 2001, Parthus entered into a multi-year technology portfolio licensing and royalty agreement with STMicroelectronics for the
complete suite of its mobile Internet IP platforms. In June 2001 Parthus also acquired the remaining 20% minority interest in Silicon Systems Design Limited from STMicroelectronics for approximately $13.0 million in cash and approximately 18.4
million new Parthus ordinary shares.
In May 2001, Parthus completed its acquisition of Chicory Systems Inc., a
privately held company based in Austin, Texas, for approximately $11.7 million in cash and approximately 22.2 million Parthus ordinary shares, plus contingent consideration of up to a maximum of 21.9 million additional Parthus ordinary shares
issuable upon the achievement of certain performance milestones. Through this transaction, Parthus acquired Chicorys advanced technology for accelerating mobile Internet applications by migrating complex systems software into high-performance
silicon.
Parthus Recent Developments
In April 2002, Parthus signed an agreement with DSP Group, Inc., and Ceva, Inc., providing for the combination of Parthus with Ceva, the intellectual property licensing subsidiary of DSP Group, in a
merger of equals. Subject to tax and other regulatory approvals, Parthus anticipates that this transaction will close in the third quarter of 2002.
In the first quarter of 2002 Parthus announced a broad ranging strategic agreement with UbiNetics, an established expert and market leader in 3G wireless device technology. Under a license agreement,
UbiNetics will integrate Parthus GPRS/GSM technology into its 3G WCDMA silicon and software technologies to create a fully integrated multi-mode 2.5G/3G (W-CDMA/GPRS/GSM) solution. Parthus will market this multi-mode 2.5G/3G solution as part
of its portfolio of technologies, licensing the solution through its global sales channel and semiconductor relationships. To underpin the alliance, Parthus subscribed for a minority shareholding interest in UbiNetics.
Parthus Revenue
IP license.
The intellectual property that Parthus licenses consists of IP that Parthus developed in its IP creation business for other customers in the past, IP developed in Parthus
research and development activities and third-party IP, and consists of circuit designs, software and related documentation that enable a customer to produce integrated circuits and related technology and software.
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Fees for Parthus agreements are payable upon completion of agreed-upon
milestones, such as the delivery of specifications and technical documentation. Each license is designed to meet the specific requirements of the particular customer and can vary from rights to allow the customer to incorporate Parthus
technology into the customers own product to the complete design of a system-on-a-chip product by Parthus.
Revenue from Parthus initial license fees is recognized based on the percentage-of-completion method over the period from signing of the license to customer acceptance. The amount of revenue recognized is based on the total
license fees under the license agreement and the percentage to completion achieved. The percentage to completion is measured by monitoring progress using records of actual time incurred to date on the project compared with the total estimated
project requirements, which corresponds to the costs of earned revenue. Parthus continuously reviews the expected time of customer acceptance based on Parthus experience with similar projects and make adjustments in revenue recognition
accordingly. As a result of this method of revenue recognition, payment and the recognition of revenue are often not contemporaneous. This timing difference means that Parthus typically has deferred, and may occasionally have accrued, revenue on its
balance sheet.
In addition to the initial license fees, Parthus receives revenue in two additional ways under its
license agreements: re-use fees and per-unit royalties. Parthus will receive re-use fees each time a manufacturer uses intellectual property licensed from Parthus to manufacture a different product. Per-unit royalties are calculated either as a
percentage of the licensees sale price for products containing Parthus IP or as a fixed amount per unit sold. Alternatively, licensees may pay a one-time buyout fee in lieu of subsequent re-use fees and per-unit royalties. These per-unit
royalties are payable by licensees upon shipment of products and Parthus will recognize revenue as they are earned. Through December 31, 2001, Parthus had entered into 51 contracts that provide for Parthus to receive royalties.
IP creation.
Historically, the most significant component of Parthus revenue arose
from payments for IP creation. For 1999, IP creation accounted for 73% of Parthus total revenue, compared with 39% of Parthus total revenue in 2000 and 17% of Parthus total revenue in 2001. Parthus expects its new multi-technology
portfolio agreement with STMicroelectronics to result in a further significant reduction in the level of IP creation revenue in absolute terms and as a percentage of revenue, as a greater proportion of Parthus business with STMicroelectronics
will be based on the IP licensing model. As noted above, Parthus IP creation contracts are usually multi-year contracts. IP creation involves the performance of fee-for-service contracts that are reimbursed on a time-and-materials basis. It is
Parthus policy to retain ownership of, or rights to use, the IP created pursuant to Parthus IP creation arrangements. Under the overall terms of a typical IP creation contract Parthus agrees to perform specific projects. Parthus
recognizes revenue from IP creation when the service has been provided and all obligations to the customer under the contract have been fulfilled.
Hard IP.
Parthus refers to the incorporation of its intellectual property into reference designs (either as silicon chips or printed circuit boards) as Hard IP.
Parthus Cost of Revenue
Cost of IP license revenue
includes related labor costs directly attributable to developing or customizing the licensed technology to the customers specific needs.
Cost of IP creation revenue
includes related labor, travel and other non-recoverable costs directly attributable
to consulting work performed for third parties as well as the costs of support and maintenance services to licensees.
Cost of Hard IP revenue
includes labor costs and materials directly attributable to the production of reference boards incorporating Parthus IP.
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Parthus Gross Margin
Parthus IP license margin reflects the economies associated with licensing previously developed technology. Accordingly, Parthus believes that the margins to be
earned on Parthus IP licensing business will continue to be significantly higher than the margins earned on either Parthus IP creation business or Hard IP business.
Parthus Operating Expenses
Parthus operating
expenses increased due to Parthus continued investment, internally and by acquisition, in developing and licensing a strong portfolio of technology platforms.
Research and development expenses
for Parthus consist primarily of related labor and associated costs connected with the development of its intellectual
property. Because technological feasibility is generally not established until all design, coding and testing activities are completed, Parthus expenses all development costs as incurred. Work that Parthus performs to develop technology for
customers on a fee-for-services basis is not included in research and development expenses; nevertheless, Parthus generally retains the right to use intellectual property developed in this manner. Research and development expenses include payments
that Parthus makes to third parties to license technology from them when Parthus incorporates their technology into Parthus intellectual property as part of Parthus research and development activities.
Sales and marketing expenses
for Parthus consist of related labor costs, including commissions, travel and other costs
associated with sales activity, as well as advertising, trade show participation, public relations and other marketing costs.
General and administrative expenses
for Parthus consist primarily of related labor and recruitment costs, information systems and technology, infrastructure, facilities costs, telephone and other office costs and
depreciation.
Parthus Minority Interest
Parthus performed much of its IP creation work through its subsidiary Silicon Systems Design Limited. STMicroelectronics owned 20% of that subsidiary until June 29, 2001 at which time Parthus purchased
its interest.
Parthus Provision for Income Taxes
Parthus operates as a holding company with operating subsidiaries in Ireland, the United Kingdom and the United States. Each subsidiary is taxed based on the law of the
jurisdiction in which it is incorporated. Because taxes are incurred at the subsidiary level, and one subsidiarys tax losses cannot be used to offset the taxable income of subsidiaries in other tax jurisdictions, Parthus consolidated
effective tax rate may increase to the extent that Parthus reports tax losses in some subsidiaries and taxable income in others. In addition, Parthus tax rate may be affected by costs that are not deductible in certain jurisdictions for tax
purposes, such as amortization of goodwill.
Parthus has significant operations in the Republic of Ireland. Some
of Parthus Irish operating subsidiaries are taxed at rates substantially lower than U.S. or U.K. tax rates. Two Irish subsidiaries currently qualify for a 10% tax rate, which, under current legislation, will remain in force until December 31,
2010, and three other Irish subsidiaries qualify for an exemption from income tax as their revenue source is license fees from qualifying patents within the meaning of Section 234 of the Irish Taxes Consolidation Act 1997. Parthus currently
anticipates that Parthus will continue to benefit from this tax treatment, although the extent of the benefit could vary from period to period, and Parthus tax situation may change. In addition, if these subsidiaries were no longer to qualify
for these tax rates or if the tax laws were rescinded or changed, Parthus operating results could be materially adversely affected.
68
Parthus Currency Risk
A portion of Parthus revenue, costs, assets and liabilities are denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Through 2001, Parthus and all of its
subsidiaries, other than Parthus U.S. subsidiaries, had functional currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Parthus has implemented a strategic shift over the past three years from being a contractor of semiconductor IP to being a supplier of
platform solutions, with emphasis on licensing to the semiconductor industry. Because this industry is predominantly U.S.-dollar-based, the economic environment in which Parthus operates has consequently shifted to the U.S. dollar. As a result,
beginning January 1, 2002, Parthus and certain of its subsidiaries adopted the U.S. dollar as their functional currency. The principal economic facts and circumstances which led Parthus to conclude a change was appropriate were: (i) the increase in
US dollar denominated cash that Parthus held; (ii) a shift in business focus from intellectual property (IP) creation (primarily contract research and development) to IP licensing; and (iii) the increase in US operations and other US dollar
denominated costs. Each of these factors is described in more detail below.
Change in Capitalization
Prior to Parthus initial public offering in May 2000, Parthus satisfied its working capital
requirements and fixed asset expenditures through cash generated by operations and equity private placements. In May 2000, Parthus received approximately US$140.2 million of gross proceeds from the initial public offering of its ordinary shares and
ADSs, and in November 2000, Parthus received approximately US$23.9 million of gross proceeds from a follow-on offering of Parthus ordinary shares and ADSs. Over 90% of Parthus current cash balances are held in US dollar accounts which
Parthus draws on as required to fund working capital requirements and fixed asset expenditures.
Change in
Business Focus
Parthus has historically derived the majority of its revenues from research and
development contracts. The cash inflows and outflows under these arrangements were generally in currencies other than the US dollar (predominantly the Irish pound). Beginning in 1998, Parthus decided to change the strategy for its business and focus
on the development and subsequent licensing of intellectual property. The change in strategy has meant that Parthus cash inflows have become predominantly denominated in US dollars over time. Parthus markets its intellectual property to the
semiconductor industry and the pricing of Parthus intellectual property licenses is almost entirely denominated in US dollars. Parthus success in implementing its strategy has resulted in the following changes in the US dollar cash flows
over the past three years.
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
1999
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
2001
|
|
Parthus US$ revenue as a percentage of total revenues
|
|
30
|
%
|
|
61
|
%
|
|
85
|
%
|
Parthus US$ cash expenses as a percentage of total cash expenses
|
|
19
|
%
|
|
29
|
%
|
|
41
|
%
|
Increase in US Operations and US Dollar Costs
Parthus cash expenses exceeded its revenues in each of the past three fiscal years. As part of
Parthus change in strategy, Parthus has experienced growth in US-based business, both organically and through acquisition, in particular the acquisition of Chicory Systems, which is included in Parthus results of operations for only 7
months of the year ended December 31, 2001. Parthus US sales force has more than doubled from 5 at December 31, 1999 to 11 at December 31, 2001. Parthus expects this trend to continue in 2002 with continued growth in the percentage of US
dollar expenses due to the continued growth in Parthus sales force and expected increases when Chicory is consolidated in Parthus financial statements for a full 12 month period.
Parthus business continues to develop in line with the strategy outlined above and, while a clear date change was not evident, Parthus deemed January 1, 2002 an
appropriate date from which to apply the amended functional currency. This judgment was reached following consideration of all of the above factors, but was mainly due to the change in cash outflows, which currently exceed inflows.
69
Parthus does not anticipate that either changes in the underlying facts and
circumstances noted above, or the change in functional currency, will have a material impact on Parthus business or financial statements.
Certain of Parthus subsidiaries continue to use functional currencies other than the U.S. dollar. These currencies may fluctuate significantly against the U.S. dollar. As a result of such
currency fluctuations and the conversion to U.S. dollars for financial reporting purposes, Parthus may experience fluctuations in its operating results on an annual and a quarterly basis. Parthus has not in the past, but we may in the future, hedge
against fluctuations in exchange rates. Future hedging transactions may not successfully mitigate losses caused by currency fluctuations. Parthus expects to continue to experience the effect of exchange rate fluctuations on an annual and quarterly
basis, and currency fluctuations could have a material adverse impact on Parthus results of operations.
The
conversion to the euro has not had a material effect on the pricing of, or the market for, Parthus licenses and services, and Parthus does not expect the conversion will have a material effect in the future.
Parthus Results of Operations
The following table presents Parthus results of operations expressed as a percentage of total revenue, after giving effect to rounding, for the periods indicated:
|
|
Year Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
1999
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
2001
|
|
Revenue:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
IP license
|
|
27
|
%
|
|
50
|
%
|
|
73
|
%
|
IP creation
|
|
73
|
|
|
39
|
|
|
17
|
|
Hard IP
|
|
|
|
|
11
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenue
|
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
Cost of revenue:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
IP license
|
|
5
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
12
|
|
IP creation
|
|
44
|
|
|
26
|
|
|
12
|
|
Hard IP
|
|
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total cost of revenue
|
|
49
|
|
|
42
|
|
|
29
|
|
Gross margin
|
|
51
|
|
|
58
|
|
|
71
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development
|
|
37
|
|
|
60
|
|
|
73
|
|
Sales and marketing
|
|
13
|
|
|
28
|
|
|
27
|
|
General and administrative
|
|
16
|
|
|
30
|
|
|
19
|
|
Amortization of goodwill and intangible assets
|
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
22
|
|
In-process research and development charge
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
27
|
|
Restructuring charge
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
66
|
|
|
121
|
|
|
170
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss from operations
|
|
(15
|
)
|
|
(63
|
)
|
|
(99
|
)
|
Other income:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income, net
|
|
1
|
|
|
16
|
|
|
16
|
|
Exchange gain, net
|
|
1
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Minority interest
|
|
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss before income taxes
|
|
(13
|
)
|
|
(47
|
)
|
|
(84
|
)
|
Provisions for income taxes
|
|
|
|
|
(3
|
)
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss
|
|
(13
|
)%
|
|
(50
|
)%
|
|
(85
|
)%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
70
Parthus six months ended June 30, 2002 compared with six months ended June 30, 2001
Revenue
Total revenue
for Parthus for the six months ended June 30, 2002 amounted to $21.5 million, up 8% over the first half 2001 total revenue of $19.9 million. The
increase in total revenue was due to the increase in IP license revenue, offset by a continued anticipated decrease in IP creation revenue and a decrease in Hard IP revenue.
IP licensing and royalty revenue
for Parthus grew to $18.8 million, up 44% year-on-year from $13.0 million in the first half 2001,
reflecting strong licensing activity. Parthus royalty revenue increased to $1.0 million, up 266% year-on-year from $282,000 in the first half 2001 as customers are shipping products mainly in the consumer electronics area.
IP creation revenue
for Parthus declined to $1.4 million, down 67% year-on-year from
$4.3 million in the first half of 2001. The decrease was attributable to a planned reduction in the number of IP creation engagements in 2002 as Parthus continued to focus its resources on expanding its IP license business.
Hard IP revenue
for Parthus declined to $1.3 million, down 51% year-on-year from $2.6 million in
the first half of 2001.
Cost of revenue
Total cost of revenue
for Parthus decreased in the first half of 2002 to $4.6 million from $6.6 million for the same period last
year, a 30% decrease year-on-year. Parthus total gross margin increased to 78% for the first half of 2002, from 67% in the first six months of 2001. This reflects the continuing change in business mix to higher margin IP licensing and royalty
revenue, which represents 87% of total revenue in the first half 2002.
Cost of IP licensing
and royalty revenue
for Parthus increased by 37% to $2.9 million or 16% of its IP licensing and royalty revenue year-on-year from $2.1 million or 17% of IP licensing and royalty revenue
Cost of IP creation revenue
for Parthus decreased by 67% to $1 million or 70% of IP creation
revenue year-on-year from $3 million or 71% of IP creation revenue. The absolute decrease in the cost of its IP creation revenue reflects lower IP creation revenue for the period.
Cost of Hard IP revenue
for Parthus decreased by 51% to $0.7 million or 54% of Hard IP revenue year-on-year from $1.4 million or
54% of its Hard IP revenue. The absolute decrease in the cost of Hard IP revenue reflects lower Hard IP revenue for the period.
Operating expenses
Total operating expenses
for Parthus, excluding
merger expenses in connection with the proposed combination with Ceva, declined $2.7 million or 11% from $24.8 million to $22.1 million, principally reflecting the full benefits of the cost management program in 2002 and lower amortization costs of
$1 million following Parthus adoption of SFAS 142 on 1 January 2002 which changes the accounting for goodwill from an amortization method to an impairment-approach only.
Research and development expenses
for Parthus declined $228,000 or 2% year-on-year to $13.5 million
from $13.7 million in the first half of 2001. The 2002 period includes increased expenses associated with the business Parthus acquired from Chicory Systems, Inc., which Parthus completed near the end of the first half of 2001. This increase in
costs was offset by the reduction in costs arising from Parthus reduced investment in 2.5/3G development and the impact of Parthus cost reduction measures begun in the fourth quarter of 2001.
Sales and marketing expenses
for Parthus decreased by $1.1 million or 19% year-on-year to $4.6
million from $5.6 million in the first half of 2001, reflecting targeted cost savings in 2002.
71
General and administration expenses
for
Parthus declined by $690,000 or 18% year-on-year to $3.1 million from $3.8 million in the first half 2001, reflecting the benefits of the cost management program in 2002.
Amortization of goodwill & intangibles
for Parthus decreased $994,000 to $680,000 in the first
half 2002 from $1.7 in the first half 2001, reflecting changes in the accounting for goodwill from an amortization method to an impairment-only approach following the adoption of SFAS 142 on 1 January 2002.
Merger expenses
for Parthus associated with the proposed transaction with Ceva amounted to $1.5
million.
Other
Interest income and similar income
for Parthus amounted to $1.3 million for the first half of 2002, compared with
$3.8 million for the first half of 2001. This decrease in interest income reflects Parthus lower cash balances and the lower interest rate environment in the first half of this year. The most significant changes in cash in the period
relates primarily to acquisitions of $25 million during the first half of 2001.
Net
loss
for Parthus was $5.6 million, representing a loss of $0.010 per ordinary share or $0.095 per ADS. This represents a 32% decline in the overall reported net loss for the company from the same period last year.
Parthus 2001 Compared with 2000
Revenue
Total revenue
for Parthus increased by 28% from
$31.9 million in 2000 to $40.9 million in 2001. The increase in total revenue was due to the increase in IP license revenue and Hard IP revenue, offset by a continued anticipated decrease in IP creation revenue. Parthus continued to expand its
customer base in 2001, while maintaining and extending existing key relationships. Revenue from Parthus largest customer, STMicroelectronics, although higher in absolute terms, decreased to 31% of total revenue compared with 39% in 2000, a
direct result of broadening Parthus customer base.
In terms of geographic spread, Parthus improved its
penetration into the Asian market, which accounted for 11% of total revenue in 2001 compared to 6% in 2000. The United States and Europe represented 47% and 42% of total revenue in 2001 respectively, compared to 2000 when each represented 47% of its
total revenue.
IP license revenue
for Parthus increased by 87% from $16.1 million, or 50% of total
revenue, in 2000 to $30.0 million, or 73% of total revenue, in 2001. The increase reflects the strong licensing activity during 2001. IP license revenue from Parthus royalties increased to $532,000 compared to $124,000 in the previous year.
Royalty revenue was first recognized in the third quarter of 2000.
IP creation revenue
for Parthus
decreased from $12.4 million, or 39% of total revenue, in 2000 to $6.8 million, or 17% of total revenue, in 2001. This decrease was attributable to a planned reduction in the number of IP creation engagements in 2001 as Parthus continued to focus
its resources on expanding its IP license business.
Hard IP revenue
for Parthus increased by 2%
from $3.4 million, or 11% of total revenue, in 2000 to $4.2 million, or 10% of total revenue, in 2001. Parthus expects Hard IP revenue to remain relatively constant in absolute terms but to decrease as a percentage of total revenue over the next
several years.
Cost of Revenue
Total cost of revenue
for Parthus decreased by 11% from $13.4 million, or 42% of total revenue, in 2000 to $12.1 million, or 29% of total revenue, in 2001.
Parthus gross margin increased to 71% in 2001 from 58% in 2000. The increase in total cost of revenue and gross margin was due primarily to the continuing change in revenue mix, with the majority of revenue derived from higher gross margin IP
licensing activity.
72
Cost of IP license revenue
for Parthus increased by 71% from $3.0
million, or 19% of IP license revenue, in 2000 to $5.1 million, or 17% of IP license revenue, in 2001. Parthus expects this line item to continue to decrease in future periods as a percentage of IP license revenue as Parthus receives royalties from
its customers, because the associated costs are minimal.
Cost of IP creation revenue
for Parthus
decreased from $8.3 million, or 67% of IP creation revenue, in 2000 to $4.8 million, or 70% of IP creation revenue, in 2001. The increase in cost of Parthus IP creation revenue as a percentage of its IP creation revenue was primarily due to
increased labor costs. Parthus expects that these costs may continue to increase as a percentage of its IP creation revenue due to continuing increases in labor costs.
Cost of Hard IP revenue
for Parthus marginally increased from $2.1 million in 2000 to $2.3 million in 2001. Cost of Parthus Hard IP revenue as a
percentage of Hard IP revenue decreased from 62% in 2000 to 54% principally due to change in product mix with focus on higher margin products.
Operating Expenses
Total operating expenses for
Parthus for 2001 were $69.3 million, an increase of 78%. This increase was due to Parthus continued investment, internally and by acquisition, in developing and licensing a strong portfolio of technology platforms. The investment has resulted
in higher engineering staff, facilities costs, patent costs and depreciation charges for Parthus throughout, as planned, 2001. Parthus incurred a one-time non-cash charge of $10.9 million in the third quarter 2001 relating to in-process R&D in
connection with its acquisition of Chicory Systems Inc. Parthus also incurred a restructuring charge of $765,000, representing severance charges following a headcount reduction of 29 employees in December 2001. Amortization charges for Parthus for
2001 of $9.2 million increased by $8.1 million from $ 1.1 million in 2000 reflecting the impact of acquisitions made during 2001. Non-cash stock compensation expense for Parthus decreased from $5.5 million in 2000 to $1.8 million in 2001 due to
one-time charges in 2000. The increase also reflects the continued expansion of Parthus sales and marketing and administrative capabilities to support and leverage Parthus investments.
Research and development expenses
for Parthus, the largest element of operating expenses
,
increased by 57%
from $19.1 million, or 60% of its total revenue, in 2000 to $30.0 million, or 73% of total revenue, in 2001. Parthus views research and development as a principal strategic investment and has continued its commitment to invest heavily in this area.
This commitment is reflected primarily in higher labor and associated costs resulting from increased headcount throughout 2001 and increased investment in design tools and sub-contract design. The number of Parthus research and development personnel
was 307 at December 31, 2001 compared with 308 in 2000 and during 2001 peaked at 336. Included in Parthus research and development expenses is a non cash stock compensation charge of $1.4 million which increased from $0.9 million in
2000.
Sales and marketing expenses
for Parthus increased by 22% from $9.0 million, or 28% of total
revenue, in 2000 to $11.1 million, or 27% of total revenue, in 2001. The increase primarily resulted from the recruitment of additional sales personnel into Parthus existing sales operations to a peak of 49 during 2001 compared to 40 in 2000,
related sales commissions and increases in Parthus direct marketing activities and travel costs.
General and administrative expenses
for Parthus decreased by 24% from $9.7 million, or 30% of total revenue, in 2000 to $7.4 million, or 19% of total revenue, in 2001. Included in general and administrative expenses is
a non cash stock compensation charge of $0.2 million which decreased from $4.5 million in 2000. The charge in 2000 included a one-time non cash compensation expense of $4.3 million as a result of stock options which were granted to
some of Parthus executives. Excluding the non-cash stock compensation charge, general and administrative expenses increased by 37% from $5.2 million in 2000 to $7.2 million in 2001. This increase reflects the additional infrastructure costs
associated with the successful integration of Parthus acquisitions and increased facility costs arising from additional sales locations.
Amortization of goodwill and intangible assets
for Parthus increased from $1.1 million in 2000 to $9.2 million in 2001. The increase related primarily to the amortization of goodwill of
$7.8 million on Parthus
73
acquisitions of Chicory Systems Inc. and the remaining 20% minority interest in Silicon Systems Design Limited.
In-process research and development charge
for Parthus of $10.9 million in 2001 represents a one time non cash charge relating to Parthus acquisition of
Chicory Systems Inc.
The value assigned to purchased in-process technology related to two microprocessor
architecture projects, designated as Project A and Project B, was $7,370,000 and $3,525,000, respectively. These projects involved the development of technology to accelerate Internet applications by migrating complex software to silicon chips.
Technological feasibility or commercial viability of these projects was not established at the acquisition date. These products were considered to have no alternative future use other than the technological indications for which they were in
development. Projects A and B were estimated to be 80% and 50% complete, respectively, estimated costs to completion of these products were approximately $570,000 and $700,000, respectively, and discount rates of 35% and 40%, respectively, were
used. Both projects involve completion of hardware and software elements. The hardware component must be finalized before the software piece (consisting of validation work, completion of the driver code, etc.) can be started. At the valuation date,
Project A had not completed the software element and Project B had not completed the hardware component. These projects were expected to be completed by the end of 2001 when Parthus expected to commence sales of the products. The principal
risks relating to the development of the Project A product technology include developing the reference software and reference manual, testing and debugging. The principal risks relating to the development of the Project B product technology
include completing the micro-architecture, developing the driver code and software for the end product, debugging and testing. Each of these steps must be completed before the products can be released into the market.
Parthus primary focus was on the completion of Project A, not only as a stand-alone architecture, but also with the ability to fully
integrate it with existing and future Parthus technology platforms. Costs of approximately $700,000 were incurred on the completion of the Project A architecture. Project A was completed, in line with expectations, in the fourth quarter of 2001 and
is the primary architecture used in Parthus Machstream platform technology, which Parthus is currently licensing.
In the third quarter of 2001 after a strategic review Parthus decided to suspend further investment in Project B. Parthus does not believe that this refocus of effort will adversely impact Parthus overall expected return
on investment, future results and financial condition.
Restructuring charge
for Parthus of $765,000
in 2001 represents severance charges following a headcount reduction of 29 employees in December 2001.
Interest Income
Parthus interest income, net
,
increased from $5.3
million in 2000 to $6.4 million in 2001. The increase was due to higher cash balances held throughout 2001 as a result of the closing of Parthus initial public offering in May 2000 and Parthus follow-on offering in November 2000, which
generated combined net proceeds to Parthus of approximately $157 million. This was offset by the lower interest rate environment in 2001 which impacted overall returns on cash and cash equivalents invested.
Provision for Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes for Parthus was $300,000 in 2001 compared to $1.2 million in 2000 and was provided for tax liabilities in non-Irish jurisdictions.
Parthus 2000 Compared with 1999
Revenue
Total revenue
for Parthus increased by 68% from $19.0 million
in 1999 to $31.9 million in 2000. The increase in Parthus total revenue was due to the increase in Parthus IP license revenue described below as well
74
as the introduction of Hard IP revenue, offset in part by a planned decrease in IP creation revenue. Parthus expanded its customer base significantly in 2000, while continuing to maintain and
extend existing key relationships. Revenue from Parthus largest customer, STMicroelectronics, although higher in euro terms, decreased to 39% of total revenue compared with 68% in 1999, a direct result of broadening Parthus customer base
and a weakening of the euro against the U.S. dollar.
In terms of geographic spread, Parthus entered new markets
in Asia in 2000, which accounted for 6% of total revenue for that year. Parthus also achieved a greater balance between Europe and the United States as Parthus customer based developed and expanded. Europe and the United States each
represented 47% of Parthus total revenue in 2000, compared to 68% and 32%, respectively, in 1999.
IP
license revenue
for Parthus increased by 208% from $5.2 million, or 27% of total revenue, in 1999 to $16.1 million, or 50% of its total revenue, in 2000. The increase in its IP license revenue was driven by strong licensing activity and
growth in average deal size. Parthus also recognized IP license revenue from royalties for the first time in the third quarter of 2000. The amount of these royalties was $124,000 for the year.
IP creation revenue
for Parthus decreased by 10% from $13.8 million, or 73% of total revenue, in 1999 to $12.4 million, or 39% of its total revenue, in
2000. This decrease was attributable both to the weakness of the euro against the U.S. dollar and to a planned reduction in the number of IP creation engagements in 2000 as Parthus continued to refocus its resources on expanding its IP license
business.
Hard IP revenue
for Parthus was $3.4 million in 2000. Parthus had no Hard IP revenue in
1999. Parthus Hard IP revenue derives from its acquisition in March 2000 of the GPS division of Symmetricom Limited.
Cost of Revenue
Total cost of revenue
for Parthus increased by 44%
from $9.3 million, or 49% of its total revenue, in 1999 to $13.4 million, or 42% of total revenue, in 2000. Parthus gross margin increased to 58% in 2000 from 51% in 1999. The increase in its total cost of revenue and gross margin was due
primarily to the continuing change in revenue mix, with the majority of revenue derived from higher gross margin IP licensing activity.
Cost of IP license revenue
for Parthus increased by 201% from $983,000, or 19% of IP license revenue, in 1999 to $3.0 million, or 18% of IP license revenue, in 2000.
Cost of IP creation revenue
for Parthus remained level at $8.3 million in 1999 and 2000, respectively, representing 60% of
its IP creation revenue in 1999 and 67% of IP creation revenue in 2000. The increase in cost of IP creation revenue as a percentage of IP creation revenue was primarily due to increased labor costs.
Cost of Hard IP revenue
for Parthus amounted to $2.1 million in 2000, the first year in which Parthus recognized Hard IP
revenue. Cost of Hard IP revenue as a percentage of Hard IP revenue was 62% in 2000.
Operating Expenses
Parthus total operating expenses for 2000 were $38.9 million, an increase of 209%. This increase
was due to Parthus significant investment in developing the licensing and royalty business model and launching key new product platforms, which resulted in planned higher engineering staff, facilities costs, patent costs and depreciation
charges. The increase also reflects the continued expansion of Parthus sales and marketing capabilities and the opening of sales offices in new geographic regions to support and leverage the R&D effort, as well as non cash stock
compensation charges.
Research and development expenses,
the largest element of Parthus
operating expenses
,
increased by 169% from $7.1 million, or 37% of total revenue, in 1999 to $19.1 million, or 60% of total revenue, in 2000. Parthus views research and development as a principal strategic investment and has continued
its commitment to invest
75
heavily in this area. This commitment is reflected primarily in higher labor and associated costs resulting from Parthus increased headcount, including through Parthus acquisition of
the GPS division of Symmetricom Limited. Parthus research and development personnel increased to 308 as of December 31, 2000 from 205 as of December 31, 1999. Included in Parthus research and development expenses is a non-cash stock
compensation charge of $0.9 million which increased from $36,000 in 1999.
Sales and marketing
expenses
for Parthus increased by 260% from $2.5 million, or 13% of its total revenue, in 1999 to $9.0 million, or 28% of total revenue, in 2000. The increase primarily resulted from the recruitment of additional sales personnel into
Parthus existing sales operations, the expansion of Parthus sales offices into Japan, Korea, Finland and Sweden, related sales commissions, the launch of the new corporate brand and increases in Parthus direct marketing activities
and travel costs.
General and administrative expenses
for Parthus increased by 223% from $3.0
million, or 16% of its total revenue, in 1999 to $9.7 million, or 30% of its total revenue, in 2000. Included in Parthus general and administrative expenses is a non-cash stock compensation charge of $4.5 million which increased from
$4,000 in 1999. The charge includes a one-time non cash compensation expense of $4.3 million as a result of stock options that were granted to some of Parthus executives. Excluding the non-cash compensation charge, Parthus general and
administrative expenses increased from $3.0 million in 1999 to $5.2 million in 2000. This increase reflects Parthus commitment to investing in a management and administrative structure to support Parthus business going forward
and increased facility costs arising from additional locations.
Amortization of intangible assets
for Parthus of $1.1 million in 2000 related primarily to the amortization of patents acquired as part of Parthus acquisitions of the GPS division of Symmetricom Limited and of the GSM and GPRS technologies and design center of Frontier Design
Inc.
Interest Income
Parthus interest income, net
,
increased from $0.1 million of interest income, net, in 1999 to $5.3 million of interest income, net, in 2000. The increase was
due to higher cash balances as a result of the closing of Parthus initial public offering in May 2000, which generated net proceeds to Parthus of approximately $133 million, and of a follow-on offering in November 2000, which generated net
proceeds to Parthus of approximately $24 million.
Provision for Income Taxes
Parthus provision for income taxes was $1.2 million in 2000 and was provided for tax liabilities in non-Irish
jurisdictions for 2000.
Parthus Liquidity and Capital Resources
At June 30, 2002, Parthus had working capital of $101.1 million including $114.1 million in cash or cash equivalents. At December 31, 2001, Parthus had working capital of
$107.3 million, including $121.5 million in cash and cash equivalents, compared with working capital at December 31, 2000 of $147.4 million, including $159.9 million in cash and cash equivalents. The principal reason for the annual change is
the $25.1 million invested in acquisitions undertaken in 2001. Parthus has no borrowings.
Prior to Parthus
initial public offering, Parthus satisfied its working capital requirements and fixed asset expenditures principally through cash generated by operations and equity private placements. In May 2000, Parthus received approximately $140.2 million of
gross proceeds from the initial public offering of its ordinary shares and ADSs and in November 2000, Parthus received approximately $23.9 million of gross proceeds from a follow-on offering of its ordinary shares and ADSs. The proceeds from these
financings have been and are currently being expended primarily to fund research and development of Parthus portfolio of technology platforms and expansion both organically and through acquisitions.
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Parthus believes that the net proceeds from its initial and follow-on public
offerings, and existing cash and cash equivalents will suffice to meet Parthus present requirements. The total cash outflow from operating activities for first six months of 2002 amounted to $4.0 million and continues to be in line with
Parthus budgeted cash flow range for the business. The total cash outflow from operating activities in 2001 amounted to $7.9 million and is within the annual cash flow range Parthus anticipated for the business. This compares with a cash
inflow of $2.9 million in 2000. Several factors affected Parthus cash flow in 2001, particularly in the second half of the year as conditions deteriorated in the operating environment. The timing of signing of Parthus license agreements
shifted in the third and fourth quarter to the latter end of the quarter. Payment terms under license agreements have changed, as customers implement aggressive cash management measures, with a smaller upfront cash component under each contract.
These have extended the timing of Parthus cash receipts.
Parthus expects that its business will continue to
consume cash from operating activities mainly through its investment in growing Parthus IP licensing business until Parthus planned return to profitability, targeted for the second half of 2002. Parthus accounts receivable and
deferred revenues may vary unpredictably and will be affected by the timing of signing Parthus contracts, the milestone terms and the credit terms.
In the first six months of 2002, Parthus capital expenditures amounted to $1.1 million. Parthus capital expenditures and acquisition costs were $31.4 million in 2001 and $10.9 million in
2000. Although Parthus has no material commitments for capital expenditures, Parthus anticipates an increase in the rate of capital expenditures consistent with its continued growth in operations, infrastructure and personnel. In January 2002,
Parthus realized $1.8 million from the sale of short term investments and spent approximately $4.9 million on its minority interest investment in UbiNetics and disposal of facility to UbiNetics. In May 2001, Parthus spent approximately $12 million
in cash in connection with its purchase of Chicory Systems Inc., and in June 2001 Parthus spent approximately $13 million in cash in connection with its purchase from STMicroelectronics of its minority shareholding in Parthus subsidiary,
Silicon Systems Design Limited. In March 2000, Parthus invested approximately $6.5 million in cash to partially finance the purchase of the GPS business of Symmetricom Limited.
Parthus net cash provided by financing activities of $1.1 million in the first six months of 2002 and $1.4 million in 2001 reflects net proceeds from the issuance of
share capital. In 2000, Parthus net cash provided by financing activities was $158.2 million, reflecting principally Parthus initial and follow-on public offerings conducted in that year.
Parthus contractual obligations are limited to operating leases as disclosed in note 21 to Parthus financial statements for
the year ended December 31, 2001.
Parthus Critical Accounting Policies, Estimates and Assumptions
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States
requires Parthus management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reported period. Parthus
management bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience and on other factors that are believed to be reasonable under current circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates if these assumptions prove to be incorrect or
if conditions develop other than as assumed for purposes of such estimates. Parthus significant accounting policies and the basis of preparation of our consolidated financial statements are detailed in note 2 on pages F-52 to F-58. The
following is a brief discussion of the critical accounting policies used by Parthus which require estimates and judgments by management:
Revenue Recognition.
Significant management judgments and estimates must be made and used in connection with the recognition of Parthus revenue in any accounting period. Material
differences in the amount of Parthus revenue in any given period may result if these judgments or estimates prove to be incorrect or if Parthus managements estimates change on the basis of development of the business or market
conditions.
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Parthus applies the provisions of Statement of Position No.97-2 and No.98-4
Software Revenue Recognition in recognizing its revenue. A significant portion of Parthus revenue is derived from license agreements with customers to enable them to use Parthus IP, which is customized to each customers
specific requirements. Revenues from Parthus initial license fees are recognized based on the percentage to completion method over the period from signing of the license through to customer acceptance, as IP requires significant modification
or customization that takes time to complete. The percentage to completion is measured by monitoring progress using records of actual time incurred to date in the project compared to the total estimated project requirement, which corresponds to the
costs related to earned revenues.
Estimates of total project requirements for Parthus are based on prior
experience of customization, delivery and acceptance of the same or similar technology and are reviewed and updated regularly by management. After delivery, if uncertainty exists about customer acceptance of the IP, license revenue would not be
recognized by Parthus until acceptance. Under the percentage to completion method, provisions for estimated losses on Parthus uncompleted contracts are recognized in the period in which the likelihood of such losses is determined.
If Parthus does not accurately estimate the resources required or the scope of the work to be performed, or does
not manage its projects properly within the planned periods of time or satisfy its obligations under the contracts, then future results may be significantly and negatively affected or losses on existing contracts may need to be recognized.
Acquired Intangibles and Goodwill.
Parthus intangible fixed assets and
goodwill arising on acquisition are capitalized and amortized to the income statement over the period during which benefits are expected to accrue, currently estimated at five years. Where events and circumstances are present which indicate that the
carrying value may not be recoverable, Parthus will recognize an impairment loss. Factors Parthus considers important which could trigger an impairment include:
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significant underperformance relative to expected historical or projected future operating results;
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significant changes in the manner of Parthus use of the acquired assets or the strategy for Parthus overall business;
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significant negative industry or economic trends;
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significant decline in our stock price for a sustained period; and
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changes in the ratio of Parthus market capitalization to net book value.
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Parthus measures such impairment loss by comparing the recoverable amount of the asset with its carrying value. The determination of the value of such intangible assets
requires management to make assumptions regarding estimated future cash flows and other factors to determine the fair value of the respective assets. If these estimates or the related assumptions change in the future, Parthus could be required to
record impairment charges.
Parthus incurred expenses of $10,895,000 relating to amounts assigned to acquired
in-process technology in 2001. Parthus determined the value assigned to acquired in-process technology by identifying those acquired specific in-process research and development projects that would be continued and for which:
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technological feasibility had not been established at the acquisition date;
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there was no alternative future use and;
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the fair value was estimable with reasonable certainty.
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Parthus Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, otherwise known as FASB, issued SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations. This statement requires that
the purchase method of accounting be used for all business combinations initiated after June 30, 2001. The adoption of this standard did not have any impact on Parthus consolidated financial statements.
In July 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 142 Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets which revises the accounting for purchased
goodwill and other intangible assets. SFAS No. 142 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2001, with earlier adoption permitted. Parthus adopted SFAS No. 142 effective from January 1, 2002. Under SFAS No. 142, purchased goodwill
and intangible assets with indefinite lives are no longer amortized, but instead tested for impairment at least annually. Accordingly, Parthus ceased amortization of all goodwill as of January 1, 2002. Parthus goodwill amortization amounted to
$7,824,000 for the year ended December 31, 2001. No goodwill amortization for Parthus arose in either of the years ended December 31, 1999 and 2000. Parthus does not have any intangible assets, other than goodwill, with indefinite lives.
Parthus intangible assets with finite lives, primarily patents and intellectual property, will continue to be amortized over their useful lives, currently estimated at five years. Parthus recorded amortization of intangible assets of $Nil,
$1,081,000 and $1,371,000 for the years ended December 31, 1999, 2000 and 2001 respectively.
SFAS No. 142
requires a two step impairment test for goodwill. The first step is to compare the carrying amount of the reporting units assets to the fair value of the reporting unit. If the carrying amount exceeds the fair value then the second step is
required to be completed, which involves the fair value of the reporting unit being allocated to each asset and liability with the excess being implied goodwill. The impairment loss is the amount by which the recorded goodwill exceeds the implied
goodwill. Parthus is required to complete a transitional impairment test for goodwill as of the beginning of the fiscal year in which the statement is adopted. This transitional impairment test requires that Parthus completed step one of
the goodwill impairment test within six months from December 31, 2001. Parthus is currently completing this transitional impairment test and does not expect to incur any impairment charges to goodwill.
SFAS No. 143, Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations (SFAS No. 143), addresses financial accounting and
reporting for obligations associated with the retirement of tangible long-lived assets and the associated asset retirement costs. The statement requires that the fair value of a liability for an asset retirement obligation be recognized in the
period in which it is incurred if a reasonable estimate of fair value can be made. The associated asset retirement costs are capitalized as part of the carrying amount of the long-lived asset. This statement is effective for financial statements
issued for fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2002. Parthus does not expect that SFAS No. 143 will have a material impact on the financial statements.
SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, (SFAS No. 144) addresses financial accounting and reporting for the impairment or disposal of
long-lived assets. The provisions of this statement are effective for Parthus financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2001. Parthus does not expect that SFAS No. 144 will have a material impact on the
financial statements.
In April 2002, FASB issued SFAS No. 145 Rescission of FASB Statements No. 4, 44
and 64, Amendment of FASB Statement No. 13, and Technical Corrections. SFAS No. 145 provides for the rescission of several previously issued accounting standards, new accounting guidance for the accounting for certain lease
modifications and various technical corrections that are not substantive in nature to existing pronouncements. SFAS No. 145 will be adopted beginning January 1, 2003, except for the provisions relating to the amendment of SFAS No. 13, which
will be adopted for transactions occurring subsequent to May 15, 2002. Adoption of SFAS No. 145 will not have a material impact on Parthus consolidated financial statements.
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Overview
ParthusCeva licenses to semiconductor companies and electronic equipment manufacturers complete, integrated intellectual property solutions that enable a wide variety of
electronic devices. Our programmable DSP cores and application-level IP platforms power wireless connectivity, handheld devices, consumer electronics products, GPS devices, consumer audio products and automotive applications. We intend to license
highly integrated system solutions consisting of our IP platforms built around our DSP cores technology, while also continuing to license our DSP cores and IP platforms as stand-alone offerings. ParthusCeva was formed in
, 2002 through the combination of Ceva, the former DSP cores licensing business of DSP Group, founded in 1991, and Parthus, a provider of platform-level IP for the consumer
electronics market, founded in 1993.
Our DSP cores licensing business (formerly the business of Ceva) develops
and licenses designs of programmable DSP cores and DSP core-based sub-systems. A programmable DSP core is a special-purpose, software-controlled processor that, through complex mathematical calculations, analyzes, manipulates and enhances digital
voice, audio and video signals. These chips are used in a wide variety of electronic devices, including digital cellular telephones, modems, hard disk drive controllers, MP3 players, voice over packet products and digital cameras, and are critical
to the performance of the electronic products in which they are used. A DSP core-based sub-system incorporates additional hardware blocks required as interfaces from the DSP core for the overall system.
Our platform-level IP business (formerly the business of Parthus) develops semiconductor intellectual property for a range of consumer
electronic products and licenses this technology to semiconductor manufacturers and OEMs. Our portfolio of IP platforms spans broadband and local area wireless connectivity as well as key application IP including multimedia, location and
technologies and smartphone/handheld technologies. The intellectual property we license can take the form of schematics and designs for silicon chips and circuitry and software to perform particular functions on those chips. In addition, we also
sell finished modules (which we refer to as Hard IP) to these customers.
We believe that the continuing evolution
of the wireless and consumer electronics market has created significant demand for semiconductor intellectual property providers that can add greater value by delivering complete system solutions that combine DSP processor cores with
application-specific IP platforms (such as analog, mixed-signal, digital baseband and software). We anticipate that our approach will permit our customers to introduce feature-rich products while simultaneously minimizing their development cost,
risk, complexity and time to market.
Industry Background
Semiconductors, the key building blocks of electronic products, are devices that permit the controlled flow of electronic signals. An integrated circuit is a semiconductor
that combines a number of individual electronic circuits, each of which performs a particular function. Continuous improvements in semiconductor design have led to smaller, more complex integrated circuits that perform a wide range of functions. As
the performance of semiconductors has improved and their size, cost, and power consumption have decreased, they have been used in an increasing number of applications, including telecommunications systems, automotive electronics, audio and video
devices and a range of other consumer electronics products. Rising consumer expectations have increased the demand for more frequent introductions of high-performance semiconductors with lower power consumption and enhanced functionality.
System-on-a-Chip
Semiconductor manufacturing processes have advanced significantly in recent years to allow a substantial increase in the number of circuits placed on a single chip. At the same time, requirements for
increased product
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functionality, higher performance and lower cost have driven demand for such system-level integration. Through this integration, complete electronic systems containing both analog and digital
functions are combined on a single silicon chip, known as a system-on-a-chip. A typical system-on-a-chip incorporates a processor (such as a DSP core or a general purpose processor), memory, input/output devices and other specific components, as
well as software.
The increased complexity of system-on-a-chip design and manufacturing requires a high level of
design resources to fully capitalize on the improvements in semiconductor manufacturing technology and to maximize functionality. Designers capabilities and semiconductor companies internal design resources have not kept pace with the
advances in this technology. As a result, chip manufacturers are facing a growing design gap between their increasing manufacturing potential and needs and their limited chip design capabilities.
Semiconductor Intellectual Property
To address this design gap, many semiconductor designers and manufacturers are increasingly choosing to license proven intellectual property components, such as processor cores and
application-specific IP from third parties, rather than to develop those technologies internally. By relying on third parties for the most advanced designs of specialized components, system-on-a-chip designers and manufacturers can create
differentiated products while reducing their development costs, complexity, risk and time to market.
The creation
of licensable, re-useable design components, which we refer to as third-party semiconductor intellectual property (SIP), is a relatively new and emerging trend in the semiconductor market. According to Gartner-Dataquest, the market for semiconductor
intellectual property was $892 million in 2001, representing a 25% year-on-year growth from 2000.
Semiconductor
intellectual property providers have traditionally delivered intellectual property blocks only for digital functions and only for individual components with a relatively narrow function, referred to as block-level IP. The continuing evolution of
electronic products has created significant demand for semiconductor intellectual property providers that add greater value by offering complete, integrated analog and digital systems, as well as software, which we refer to as platform-level IP. We
believe that this approach provides semiconductor companies and electronic product manufacturers with several key advantages, including improved time to market and a reduction in the risks, costs and complexities in bringing new products and
technologies to market.
Digital Signal Processor Cores
A key piece of semiconductor IP in the computer chips driving many electronic products is the DSP core, which processes the digital data
derived from converted analog signals. Once a signal (such as the human voice) has been converted to digital form, a DSP core is used to analyze, manipulate and enhance the data. The signal can then be transmitted over a network (such as the
cellular telephone network), compressed and stored (such as in answering machines) or recognized as a command (such as through voice recognition). Digital signal processing is used in many fields, including telecommunications, speech and music
processing, imaging, medicine and seismology. As the number of electronic devices that require the processing of digital data has grown, so has the demand for reliable DSP cores.
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As illustrated in the diagram below, a DSP-based system-on-a-chip includes
several components. The DSP core controls the processing of the chip and uses mathematical calculations to process information. Other parts of the system-on-a-chip include data memory components, which host the data before and after it is processed
by the DSP core, and the program memory component, which stores the software used to operate the DSP core. A chip designer may add its own specific proprietary technology to provide differentiated functionality (such as special functions and
input/output electronics, which control the transfer of data between the DSP core and other electronic devices that are connected to the chip), referred to as logic and input/output in the diagram below.
Programmable DSP cores are instructed by software programs to process
ultra-fast mathematical calculations, including addition, subtraction and multiplication. The math-intensive signal processing performed by the DSP core is generally used for data compression, error correction, voice recognition and security.
A programmable DSP-based design allows the same chip to be programmed and reprogrammed with different software
and used for several generations and different applications of products, which reduces the internal development costs for manufacturers and allows them to differentiate their products through varying the software functionality. In addition, a
programmable approach allows for field upgrades of the technology, such as replacement of software through remote downloading, rather than physical removal and replacement of the entire chip.
According to Forward Concepts, a market research firm, worldwide programmable DSP chip shipments have increased to $6.1 billion in 2000
and then decreased to $4.3 billion in 2001. Forward Concepts predicts that this market will grow at a compound annual rate of 18% from 2000 to 2005.
Licensable DSP cores are typically licensed to semiconductor companies or directly to system OEMs. By using licensable DSP cores, manufacturers of ASSPs (application-specific standard products, which
are off-the-shelf chips targeted to a specific type of application for a broad range of system OEMs) and ASICs (application-specific integrated circuits, which are chips that are customized to meet a specific customers needs) have multiple
sources of DSP technology, thereby enabling competition among their chip suppliers as well as a wider variety of more differentiated products.
The manufacturers of DSP-based system-on-a-chip face a make or buy dilemmawhether to develop a given DSP chip design or to license it from a third party. Internal development of a DSP
core requires considerable design resources and specialization, which many semiconductor companies do not have. In todays rapidly evolving markets, the scarcity of engineering talent means that it is usually not cost-effective for most
semiconductor companies and designers to devote the engineering resources necessary to develop complicated components such as a programmable DSP core. Therefore, companies may concentrate on the integration of software, hardware and embedded memory,
and rely on licensing other intellectual property, such as DSP cores, from third parties.
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Licensing also offers a substantial time-to-market advantage, which in most cases
is a crucial factor for a manufacturers competitive market positioning. Further, the licensee can choose the method and source of chip production. This is a significant advantage for the licensee, as a licensed chip can easily be produced by
several manufacturers, eliminating its dependence upon a single source of chip production.
End Markets
Third-party semiconductor intellectual property is licensed and deployed by semiconductor companies and
electronic equipment manufacturers serving a wide variety of high-volume end markets. These include the markets for:
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Second-generation (2G), second-and-a-half-generation (2.5G) and third-generation (3G) cellular telephones
cellular telephones that
combine voice communications and high-speed data transmission capabilities, permitting access to the Internet and other advanced features;
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Internet-enabled personal digital assistants, or PDAs
hand-held devices that incorporate electronic calendars, address books and remote access to
the Internet and other data networks;
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Intelligent pagers
personal paging devices that incorporate advanced data communications features, such as access to e-mail, news,
weather and stock quotes;
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Global positioning system (GPS) devices
devices used in automobiles, wireless connections for personal computers and industrial controls accessed
through wireless Internet connections;
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Other internet devices
products such as laptop computers, set-top boxes, Internet appliances and gaming consoles, which are increasingly connected
to the Internet via either broadband wireless technologies or wireless local area network (W-LAN) technologies;
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Hard drive controllers
the devices which control the reading and writing of data for personal computers;
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voice over packet products, such as voice-over Internet Protocol (VoIP) and voice-over digital subscriber line (VoDSL) applications;
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wireline telecommunications applications, such as digital subscriber line (DSL) applications;
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automotive applications;
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consumer audio devices, such as MP3 players; and
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Products such as these require state-of-the-art functionality, but generally must also be easy to use and convenient in terms of both size and battery life. Providers of semiconductor intellectual property help address these
requirements by focusing on integrated circuit technology that:
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permits high-data-rate communications in conformity with industry standards;
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allows the integration of more advanced features at reasonable prices by combining functions on a single system-on-a-chip; and
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helps speed time to market by reducing product development time through design reuse.
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The ParthusCeva Solution
We offer complete,
open, integrated DSP cores solutions for semiconductor manufacturers and OEMs, comprising wireless communication, application and multimedia IP platforms built around our DSP processor core architectures. Our IP licensing business model, including
royalties, offers a scalable business with multiple revenue streams and solid gross margins.
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Our DSP cores licensing business develops and licenses designs of programmable
DSP cores. These designs are used in a wide variety of electronic devices, including digital cellular telephones, modems, hard disk drive controllers, MP3 players, voice over packet products and digital cameras, and are critical to the performance
of the electronic products in which they are used. Our designs are independent of specific semiconductor manufacturing processes, and can therefore be used by a wide variety of customers. The DSP cores we design are appropriate for use in both
current and emerging applications requiring digital signal processing. We market our technology and designs as well as a wide array of software and hardware development tools and technical support services. We license our DSP core designs to leading
semiconductor companies throughout the world. These companies incorporate our designs into application-specific chips or custom-designed chips that they manufacture, market and sell to OEMs of a variety of electronic products. We also license our
designs to OEMs directly.
Our IP platforms licensing business develops highly integrated semiconductor
intellectual property solutions that are crucial to the cost-effective implementation of new generations of consumer electronic devices, including mobile-Internet products. Our IP platforms enable a range of wireless devices that are used by
individuals to communicate, transact business and access information easily, flexibly and affordably. Our extensive intellectual property portfolio covers broadband wireless solutions (2G, 2.5G, 3G), wireless local area networking solutions (802.11,
Bluetooth) and key application and multimedia solutions (including audio, multimedia, GPS and smartphone technologies). We make our intellectual property available to our customers under licenses, as part of development projects or in silicon chip
form.
The key benefits we offer our licensees include:
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An extensive IP portfolio.
Our IP portfolio spans the bulk of mobile Internet, wireless application and multimedia
technologies, as well as a suite of programmable DSP cores. This portfolio often allows us to provide a customer with the required solution with reduced development cost, complexity and risk, therefore reducing the customers time to market.
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The ability to deliver complete system solutions.
Our broad IP portfolio allows us to provide our customers with complete
solutions at the system level, including application-specific IP platforms and general-purpose DSP cores. Our company combines the expertise of a provider of DSP architectures with the expertise of a supplier of complete platform level-IP solutions,
which we believe strongly positions us to become a leading supplier of open-standard IP solutions to the industry.
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Flexible IP deployment and support.
To meet specific customer circumstances and requirements, we intend to offer
system-level solutions composed of our IP platforms built around our DSP cores, as well as to license our platforms and cores as stand-alone offerings. We make our solutions available in the form of licensed intellectual property rights, dedicated
development projects, or hard IP embodied in silicon chips or circuit boards. In addition, we offer our licensees specialized intellectual property integration support. We believe that this flexibility facilitates the adoption and
integration of our intellectual property.
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Leading-edge technology.
Our licensing relationships with a number of leading semiconductor companies and OEMs, as well as
our communications with potential customers, help to assure that we are developing additional intellectual property that meets market requirements as they evolve. A number of our employees also participate actively in international standards-setting
bodies in order to influence and learn about new technological developments.
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The ability to provide a production-ready solution.
We fully test the platforms and DSP cores we provide so that they are
ready for product integration. In addition, we utilize third-party foundries that manufacture chips to our design. These relationships allow us to assure our customers access to low-cost production.
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A diverse and experienced research and development staff.
We have more than 310 employees engaged in product development in
a broad range of areas, including analog, digital, software, mixed-signal and digital signal processing technology. We believe that the breadth of knowledge, experience, and stability of our workforce allow us to provide better and faster services
to our customers, and to maintain and develop our core intellectual property efficiently.
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Strategy
The combination of Parthus and Ceva will position us to address what we believe to be two of the major
converging trends in our industry. First, we believe that our industry is moving towards open-standard processor architectures and away from traditional proprietary solutions. Second, we believe that increased semiconductor product complexity and
demands for reduced time-to-market have led more companies to decide to license complete platform level-IP solutions, rather than licensing individual components from multiple suppliers. ParthusCeva will combine the expertise of a provider of DSP
architectures with the expertise of a supplier of complete platform level IP solutions. We believe ParthusCeva will be well positioned to take full advantage of these major industry shifts and become a leading supplier of open-standard DSP solutions
to the industry.
Our goal is to become a leading licensor of programmable DSP cores and platform-level IP
solutions. To meet these goals we intend to:
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Provide an integrated solution.
We seek to maximize the competitive advantage provided by our ability to offer an
integrated IP solutionincluding communications, applications and multimedia IP built around our DSP processor core architectures. We believe that this integrated solution will favorably position us to capitalize on what we believe is the
industry trend towards the licensing of open-standard IP architectures.
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Take advantage of the industry shift towards open-standard architectures.
We believe that the industry trend away from
proprietary IP towards open-standard architectures creates an opportunity for providers of licensable DSP cores and platform-level IP. As a consequence, we intend to use our expertise in critical open standards fields, such as Bluetooth, GPS and
multimedia, in order to position ourselves to take advantage of this trend. Towards this end, we have participated and intend to continue to participate in the development of industry standards in these and other emerging technology areas.
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Focus on a portfolio approach to the licensing of our IP platforms.
We seek to differentiate ourselves through the breadth
of our IP offerings and our capability to integrate these offerings into a single solution built around our family of state-of-the-art DSP cores. We intend to continue to expand our portfolio of broadband wireless solutions (2G, 2.5G, 3G), wireless
local area networking solutions (802.11, Bluetooth), and key application and multimedia solutions (including audio, multimedia, GPS and smartphone technologies).
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Focus on convergence of technologies through an open architecture.
We seek to ensure that our platforms, as well as other
third-party IP, can be rapidly integrated into a single integrated circuit through adherence to the specifications of our open, flexible and highly power-efficient architectures.
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Maximize our expertise.
We seek to maximize our expertise in DSP, analog, mixed-signal and radio frequency technology and
to use that expertise to address critical customer demands. We intend to enhance our existing DSP cores and IP platforms with additional features and performance, while developing new offerings that will focus on other emerging applications across
the range of end markets we serve.
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Target top-tier customers.
We seek to strengthen relationships and expand licensing and royalty arrangements with our
existing customers and to extend our customer base with key industry companies in order to facilitate the development of our technology. We believe that we can achieve the best rate of return on our investment in technology by targeting our sales
and marketing activities at high-volume semiconductor companies and leading electronic product manufacturers with a track record of
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successful end-user deployments. Parthus and Ceva together have entered into license agreements with nine of the top ten semiconductor companies worldwide.
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Focus on large and fast-growing markets.
We believe that our expertise in programmable DSP cores and platform-level IP
favorably positions us to target fast-growing segments within the consumer electronics market, such as wireless communications, mobile computing, automotive electronics, and consumer entertainment. We intend to strengthen our relationships and
expand licensing and royalty arrangements with customers in those markets and to extend our customer base with key industry leaders within each of those segments. We believe that we can achieve the best results by targeting our sales activities at
leaders within those markets.
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Establish, maintain and expand relationships with key technology providers.
We have established and seek to expand our
close working relationships with:
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contract semiconductor companies, usually referred to as silicon foundries, in order to assure adequate supplies of chips for our customers who purchase our
technology in chip form and in order to give OEMs a means of obtaining competitive manufacturing capabilities;
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third-party suppliers of block-level semiconductor intellectual property, in order to have access to their most current technologies; and
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developers of both application-level and system-level software so that we can continue to offer complete platform solutions.
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In addition, we have and seek to expand our relationships with companies that offer complementary technologies for designing
system-on-a-chip applications based on our DSP core designs. We believe that these relationships will increase the markets for our products.
Products and Technology
DSP Cores Licensing Business
Our DSP cores licensing business develops and licenses designs of programmable DSP cores. A programmable DSP core is a special purpose,
software-controlled processor that, through complex mathematical calculations, analyzes, manipulates and enhances digital voice, audio and video signals. The programmable DSP cores we design are used as the central processors in semiconductor chips
made for specific applications. These chips are used in a wide variety of electronic devices, including digital cellular telephones, modems, hard disk drive controllers, MP3 players, voice over packet products and digital cameras, and are critical
to the performance of the electronic products in which they are used.
Our SmartCores family of cores is currently
composed of five offerings: PineDSPCore, OakDSPCore, TeakLite, Teak and PalmDSPCore and a DSP core-based sub-system: the XpertTeak. By offering a range of performance, price and power consumption balances, our cores family addresses a wide range of
applications, from low-end, high-volume applications, such as digital answering machines, hard disk controllers, low-speed modems and VoIP terminals, to high-performance applications such as 3G cellular communication devices, broadband modems,
consumer multimedia and VoIP gateways. Our current offerings are:
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PineDSPCore.
Introduced in 1991, the PineDSPCore was the first DSP core we developed. Due to its small die size and compact
instruction code, it has been primarily used for low-end, high-volume applications, including digital answering machines, fax machines, low-speed modems and hard disk drive controllers. We currently generate revenues from the PineDSPCore, although
we are no longer actively promoting it.
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OakDSPCore.
The OakDSPCores hardware units are operative through a set of soft cores known as an instruction set,
which is a central processing unit (CPU) type instruction allowing the core to also
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provide micro-control functionality. The small die size, low-power consumption and balance between cost and performance of our OakDSPCore make it well suited for second generation (2G) digital
cellular telephones using GSM, TDMA and CDMA (code-division multiple access) standards, soft modems, voice-over packet network applications and Internet audio devices.
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TeakLite.
TeakLite is a soft core which significantly facilitates its incorporation of its design into a
licensees chip and foundry specifications. TeakLite offers the same instruction set as OakDSPCore; it is superior to the OakDSPCore in terms of portability, operating speed and power consumption. TeakLite is primarily designed for 2G and 2.5G
cellular telephones, modems, consumer multimedia (digital still cameras and audio appliances, including MP3 players), hard disk drive controllers and voice-over IP applications.
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Teak.
Like TeakLite, Teak is a soft core and is designed with a focus on power reduction features. The Teak
offers high performance, the ability to process multiple instructions in parallel and excellent code density, making it well suited for 2.5G and 3G cellular telephones, broadband modems and consumer multimedia applications.
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PalmDSPCore.
With faster processing capabilities and the ability to process multiple instructions in parallel, PalmDSPCore
is a sub-family of three DSP soft cores designed to meet the high-performance, low-cost and low-power requirements of a range of applications. These include 2.5G cellular telephones, broadband modems, and voice-over packet network gateways, for
which we offer a 16-bit core, and consumer audio and video applications, for which we offer 20-bit and 24-bit cores.
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XpertTeak.
XpertTeak is a highly integrated, low power Teak core-based DSP sub-system. In addition to the Teak core, it
incorporates advanced peripherals and a system interface set, such as direct memory accesses (DMA) controllers, timers, power consumption management units, serial ports and CPU interfaces.
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Our designs are independent of specific semiconductor manufacturing processes, and can therefore be used by a wide variety of customers.
The DSP cores we design are appropriate for use in both current and emerging applications requiring digital signal processing. We market our technology and designs as well as a wide array of software development tools and technical support services.
Revenues from hardware development tools have not been significant to date.
We believe the following to be the
key benefits of our DSP cores offerings:
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Low power consumption.
Our cores have been designed to satisfy low power consumption requirementsa key feature
of products that rely on batteries, such as cell phones and portable audio products, or are sensitive to power dissipation, such as telecommunications equipment.
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Low cost.
Our technology is designed to address the cost requirements for high volume, highly competitive
applications through reduced chip size (by carefully selecting functions we offer and also by allowing multiple functions to be placed on one chip) and minimization of the size of required memory.
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Flexibility.
Our open, soft-core DSP architecture allows our licensees to differentiate their products,
in particular through software. It allows the licensees to create diversified versions of their embedded intellectual property solutions, reuse the same chip design for multiple generations of products and select different physical library vendors
or silicon suppliers. In addition, because of our soft-core architecture, our cores can be easily integrated across multiple semiconductor manufacturing processes with different geometry technologies.
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Improved time to market.
Our technology shortens the typical semiconductor design cycle and improves our
customers time to market by shortening the process of porting the core design to physical hardware layout, and by providing an efficient environment for designing the software to be used in our core designs.
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Tightly coupled development tools and architecture.
We provide our licensees with both DSP cores and the related software
development and hardware emulation tools to assist in product development, which speeds their development process.
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Applications for our DSP Cores
Solutions using DSP cores technology are currently
used in a wide variety of applications. We focus our efforts on the following selected high-volume, high-growth markets and applications:
Cellular telephone handsets.
The cellular handset market is currently the largest market for DSP cores technology. Cellular telephones use DSP cores for voice compression, by which the
human voice is compressed after being digitized, and channel coding, by which DSP techniques are used to encode the information. Our DSP cores are currently used in all types of digital cellular telephones, and we believe they will continue to be
used in the next generations of cellular telephones (2.5G and 3G). These next-generation phones are expected to incorporate video, audio and data features in addition to voice, extending the use of advanced DSP cores in their designs. Our OakDSPCore
and TeakLite cores are widely used in current cellular telephones, and our Teak and PalmDSPCore offerings target the next generation of cellular telephones.
Hard disk drives.
Hard disk drive controllers are an important application for DSP cores. A hard disk drive controller is the chip that controls the mechanism that
reads and writes data from a memory disk platter. The hard disk drive controller market is characterized by high volume and extreme price sensitivity. Programmable DSP cores are designed to meet the requirements of this market by providing
flexibility in the adoption of advanced search algorithms within the controller, resulting in the capability to support higher density, lower cost disks. We believe that the compact code size, heat dissipation characteristics and flexibility of our
PineDSPCore, OakDSPCore and TeakLite offerings are particularly well suited to this cost competitive market.
Digital Subscriber Line applications.
Digital subscriber line (DSL) technology significantly increases the bandwidth of copper telephone lines for data transmission. The use of DSL-related
applications is driven by the increasing demand for high-speed connectivity to the Internet.
A programmable DSP
core is used primarily to improve the quality of the signals received through the telephone line. By offering flexibility across multiple DSL standards, our programmable DSP solution is designed to allow a customer to re-use the same chip for
different DSL markets. In addition, a programmable DSP solution allows for field upgrades of the technology as standards evolve or are enhanced. We believe our TeakLite, Teak and PalmDSPCore offerings are well suited to address the different cost
and performance requirements of multiple DSL standards.
Voice-over packet network
applications.
Voice-over packet network technology enables the transmission of voice, along with video and data, over the same infrastructure in the form of small units of digital information (packets).
This technology allows telecommunications operators to offer higher-value, unified services that combine fast data access, cheap voice rates and advanced voice and fax services to their customers.
DSP technology is a key element in voice-over packet network applications. Our programmable DSP technology is designed to handle:
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voice compression, by which digitally encoded speech is processed to take up less storage space and transmission bandwidth;
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echo cancellation, which involves the elimination of echoes in two-way transmissions;
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dual-tone multiple frequency (DTMF) algorithms, which produce tones that are generated when pressing buttons on touch-tone telephones;
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caller ID, which is a telephone company service that identifies the callers telephone number to the party that is called; and
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fax, which involves the processing and transmission of fax information over packet network.
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We believe that our SmartCores family (in particular our TeakLite, Teak and PalmDSPCore) is an attractive solution for these applications
because they provide a low-power, cost-effective, programmable platform for the local area network (LAN) and packet-based telephony markets. Our Teak and TeakLite cores are designed to provide a low power consumption, low-cost solution for small to
middle size residential gateways and integrated accesses devices. Our PalmDSPCore is designed to provide higher performance and can be embedded in multi- channel, multi-service central office gateways, where channel density and heat dissipation are
the most important factors.
Consumer audio applications.
Consumer
electronics constitute a large market for DSP cores technology. Digital versatile disc (DVD) players and digital set-top boxes require DSP cores for their high fidelity audio features. In addition, recent improvements in the speed of Internet
connections have provided the ability to easily download music from the Internet. This has created a significant market for DSP-based portable players (such as MP3 players) that decode high quality audio. Furthermore, we expect demand for digital
audio to expand to the home audio market in the future. DSP cores technology is used to decode the compressed data being downloaded from the Internet or retrieved from the onboard memory or disk that stores the high-fidelity audio data.
Although not currently deployed for this purpose, DSP cores technology may also be used in the future to enhance the security of digital stored media by preventing unauthorized copies or downloads of audio and visual data.
Our technology can be used in low-power, price-sensitive semiconductor products targeted specifically at the portable audio market. In
addition, our 24-bit PalmDSPCore can easily be used for current audio compression algorithms.
Digital still
cameras.
Digital still cameras are a relatively new, yet fast-growing, market. Digital still cameras use a DSP chip to adjust the contrast and detail of the image captured by the lens and to compress the digital data
for storage on the memory card. Our OakDSPCore, TeakLite and Teak offerings provide a low-power, cost-effective and programmable platform for this application.
IP Platforms Licensing Business
The continuing evolution
of the consumer electronics market has created significant demand for semiconductor intellectual property providers that can add greater value by delivering the complete system solutions that combine RF, mixed-signal and DSP cores technology, as
well as related softwarewhich we refer to as platform-level IP. This approach permits our customers to introduce feature-rich products while simultaneously minimizing their development cost, risk, complexity and time to market. We also offer
our technology in discrete building blocks for specific functions that our customers use to develop complete systems and products.
Our platforms are licensed and deployed by some of the worlds largest semiconductor companies and OEMs in wireless communications devices, Internet appliances, GPS devices, Internet audio products and other consumer
electronic devices. Our current platforms include:
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BlueStream.
BlueStream is highly functional platform supporting Bluetooth communicationsan emerging standard for
wireless communications among electronic devices over short distances. This platform includes a comprehensive radio component; a digital baseband, offered both in baseband IP and as a full system-on-a-chip; and a complete software stack designed for
baseband and host interface.
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MediaStream.
MediaStream is an advanced Internet audio technology enabling a range of mobile multimedia applications,
including mobile phones, MP3 players, game consoles and high-fidelity in-car entertainment systems.
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NavStream.
NavStream is a complete GPS platform delivering precise location information (less than five meters within five
seconds) to any device, including mobile phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), and GPS-enabled vehicles, anywhere in the world. One of the key differentiators of the NavStream platform is its ability to track GPS signals and determine a
users location indoors. NavStream is one of the few technologies that comply with the U.S. Federal Communications Commissions e-911 Location Accuracy Directive, which requires that all mobile telephones enable the location of the caller
to be determined to within 150 meters.
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InfoStream.
InfoStream is a mobile computing platform for the next generation of wireless devices, including 3G
smart cellular phones, PDAs, Internet appliances and home entertainment/multimedia devices. The platform was developed in conjunction with Psion and delivers high performance, low power consumption and high levels of on-chip integration.
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MobiStream.
MobiStream is an advanced platform for applications using the GPRS (general packet radio services) mobile
communications standard. This platform combines high data rates and integrated multimedia on low baseband power consumption solutions.
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MachStream.
MachStream is a high-performance modular silicon platform that accelerates critical mobile-Internet
applications, including multimedia, security, Java and next-generation browser scripting languages, while delivering significant improvements in the power efficiency and cost levels required for mobile devices.
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In8Stream.
In April 2002, we announced the launch of In8Stream, a multi-mode wireless local area network (WLAN) platform
employing the 802.11 standard for wireless communications between electronic devices over short distances. In8Stream targets the entire range of 802.11 WLAN standards through a single, flexible architecture.
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Each of the IP platforms described above has been developed for a specific end-market. They all adhere, however, to the
specifications of our open, flexible and highly power-efficient architecture, which allows the rapid integration of our platforms and various third-party intellectual property into a single integrated circuit. Our solutions are based on a
substantial portfolio of intellectual property that we have developed over the past nine years. This broad portfolio includes building blocks for analog integrated circuits, digital integrated circuits, systems software and other functions.
Development and Integration
We have significant expertise in the design and development of high-performance digital, analog, mixed-signal and software technology for our customers. Our development
services include complete development activities such as development of specific systems or technology on a contract basis. Our policy is to retain ownership of, or rights to use, the intellectual property we develop under contract. Our integration
services include consulting services to supplement or facilitate the integration of our licensed intellectual property and that of third parties into a customers product. In performing either development or integration services, we focus on
designing comprehensive systems tailored to specific requirements, making the key design decisions and tradeoffs required to create the most competitive system for the customer while shortening their time-to-market.
We support products through manufacturing and volume production to meet customer requirements. We are able to do this because of our
strength in a number of key areas, including:
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Back-end support.
Our computer aided design (CAD) team develops in-house design flows. The team provides each design group
working on a development project a template identifying which CAD tools to use to meet its specific design goals. The team also writes software to assure that the identified tools
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can be used on an integrated and seamless basis. In addition, a team of layout engineers with experience in digital, analog, radio frequency and system-on-a-chip layout processes determines the
physical layout requirements for each project.
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System integration laboratory.
We have an in-house capacity to test the performance of our intellectual property as
embodied in silicon against a variety of parameters. This capability enables us to perform complete system-level product development combining our integrated circuit and software intellectual property.
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Customers, Sales, Marketing and Technical Support
ParthusCeva Licensing Business
Our strategy is to engage
in licensing and royalty agreements with leading semiconductor manufacturers and OEMs that have a track record of successful adoption and deployment of key next-generation technologies. We intend to offer complete system solutions which will include
both our application-level IP platforms and our DSP cores. We anticipate that the terms of the licenses for these solutions will include both a license fee component and a royalty component.
Although the precise terms of our contracts vary from licensee to licensee, they generally require payment of an initial license fee, a re-use license fee, ongoing per-unit
royalties or some combination of these fees. Under the terms of these license agreements, we may also provide integration services and technical support to help accelerate the customers product development cycle. Key features of these
arrangements include:
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Initial license fees.
Initial license fees are typically non-refundable and are generally paid in installments upon
reaching defined development milestones. Our licenses are typically perpetual in duration but may in some cases be limited to fixed terms.
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Re-use license fees.
A re-use license fee is payable for each new product that incorporates technology previously licensed
from us. Re-use license fees are payable when a licensee sends a design using our intellectual property for manufacture in a subsequent product. Alternatively, licensees may pay a one-time buyout fee in lieu of subsequent re-use fees.
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Per-unit royalties.
A per-unit royalty is paid for each product incorporating our intellectual property that is sold,
supplied or distributed by the licensee. These royalties are calculated either as a percentage of the licensees sale price per product or as a fixed amount per unit sold. We generally give volume pricing to our licensees, and our per unit
royalties rate will go down as more products incorporating our intellectual property are shipped. As products incorporating our technology are brought to market, we expect revenue from royalties to increase. We have no control, however, over when
our customers will ultimately bring such products to market. Some of our licenses include prepaid royalties, in which a customer pays the royalties on a certain minimum number of products at the time we sign the license, which are typically
non-refundable.
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Support and maintenance.
We generally require licensees to pay a quarterly support and maintenance fee for a minimum of two
years for integrated circuits and three years for software. After that mandatory period, the customer may extend the support and maintenance agreement on an annual basis.
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DSP Cores Licensing Business
We license our DSP core designs to leading semiconductor companies throughout the world. These companies incorporate our cores into application-specific chips or custom-designed chips that they manufacture, market and sell to OEMs of
a variety of electronic products. We also license our core designs to OEMs directly. Our programmable DSP cores enable semiconductor chip manufacturers and OEMs to design flexible, cost-effective, low-power, application-specific system-on-a-chip
solutions. By offering a range of performance, price
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and power consumption balances, our SmartCore family addresses a wide range of applications. To date, we have licensed our cores to more than 60 licensees, including Atmel, Fujitsu, Infineon
Technologies, Kawasaki, LSI Logic, Mitsubishi, National Semiconductor, NEC, Oki, Philips Semiconductors, Samsung, Seiko-Epson, Sony and Tower Semiconductors.
We generate revenue from license fees and prepaid royalties as well as per-unit royalties. We currently license our cores together with our advanced software development tools to enable our licensees
to incorporate our DSP core designs into their semiconductor chip products. In addition, we typically license our SmartCores together with technical support services, for which our licensees pay us an annual support
fee.
Technical Support of the DSP
Cores Licensing Business
We offer technical support services through our offices in Israel and the United
States, as well as through the Japanese subsidiary of DSP Group, which will provide us with dedicated employees to provide various technical support services to our customers. Each of our independent sales representatives in Southeast Asia also
maintains engineers who provide technical support services for our products. Our technical support services include:
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technical support, consisting of assisting with implementation, responding to customer specific inquiries, training and, when and if they become available,
distributing updates and upgrades of our products;
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application support, consisting of providing general hardware and software design examples, ready to use software modules and guidelines to our licensees to
assist them in using our technology; and
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design services, consisting of creating customer specific implementations of our DSP cores. These revenues have not been significant to date.
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We believe that our customer technical support services are key factors in our licensees ability to
embed our SmartCores in their designs and products. Our technology is highly complex, combining a sophisticated DSP cores architecture, integrated circuit designs and development tools. Effective customer support is critical in helping our customers
implement programmable DSP core-based solutions and helps to shorten the time to market of their DSP-based applications. To provide this high quality support, our support organization is made up of experienced engineers and professional support
personnel. In addition, we conduct detailed technical training for our licensees and their customers and visit our licensees on a regular basis to closely track the implementation of our technology.
IP Platforms Licensing Business
Our strategy is to engage in licensing and royalty agreements with leading semiconductor manufacturers and OEMs that have a track record of successful adoption and deployment of key next generation
technologies. In total, our IP platform licensing business has executed 87 licensing agreements through June 2002, 59 of which have royalty components. Licensees include 3Com, Agilent, ARM, Cirrus Logic, Creative Technology, Fujitsu, Hitachi,
Infineon Technologies, Macom, Maxim, Motorola, National Semiconductor, nVidia, Prariecomm, Psion, Samsung, Sharp Microelectronics, Sigmatel, Sony, STMicroelectronics, Tripath, Ubinetics, and µ-blox. STMicroelectronics accounted for
approximately 67% of Parthus total revenue in 1999, 39% in 2000 and 31% in 2001.
Maintaining close
relationships with our customers is a core part of our strategy. We typically launch each new platform or platform upgrade with a signed license agreement with a blue-chip customer, which helps ensure that we are clearly focused on viable
applications that meet broad industry needs. Strengthening these relationships is a significant part of our strategy. It allows us to create a roadmap for the future development of existing platforms, and it helps us to anticipate the next potential
applications for the market. We seek to use these relationships to deliver new platforms in a faster time to market through our research and development base.
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We license to our customers complete platform solutions to perform specific
application functions. These solutions typically incorporate both intellectual property to be embodied on a silicon chip and intellectual property in the form of software. On occasion, we enter into portfolio licensing agreements whereby a customer
licenses multiple platforms. By entering into a portfolio license, our customers have access to multiple technology platforms in our portfolio, enabling them to obtain from one supplier all of the IP required to build next-generation electronic
devices. We believe that portfolio license arrangements will generally be larger than other license agreements and will allow us to develop close, strategic long-term relationships with our portfolio license customers. Although the precise terms of
each of our contracts vary from licensee to licensee, they generally require payment of an initial license fee, a re-use license fee, ongoing per-unit royalties or some combination of these fees. Under the terms of these license agreements, we may
also provide integration services to help accelerate the customers product development cycle.
In addition,
we enter into collaborative agreements for the sale or distribution of our products where the third party can provide additional access to special expertise or potential customers.
Sales Force of ParthusCeva
The leaders within our targeted markets include a small number of very large organizations. We therefore believe it is essential to maintain a comprehensive and capable direct sales and marketing organization focused on these market
leaders. Towards this end, we have chosen to headquarter our combined sales activities in San Jose, California and have established a direct sales force. Each of our sales offices are closely aligned with key customer accounts and supported by a
focused central marketing team.
Our combined sales and marketing force numbers 49 people, of whom 11 were
originally with DSP Group and 38 were originally with Parthus. We have a total of 15 sales offices, located in Atlanta, Georgia; Austin, Texas; San Diego, California; San Jose, California; Dublin, Ireland; Herzeliya, Israel; Hong Kong, China; Seoul,
Korea; Tokyo, Japan; Taipei, Taiwan; Northampton, England; Helsinki, Finland; Stockholm, Sweden; Munich, Germany; and Caen, France. We have also contracted with additional sales representatives to further our coverage of other significant customers
in key geographic areas, including Japan and the U.S. For sales in Japan and Europe, we use the services of DSP Group in its Tokyo and Sophia Antipolis, France offices. We also have independent sales representatives covering Southeast Asia in Hong
Kong, South Korea and Taiwan. In addition, we systematically conduct sales prospecting from principal offices, and the sales leads are distributed to our regional offices and representatives.
Marketing of ParthusCeva
We use a variety of marketing initiatives to stimulate demand and brand awareness in our target markets. These marketing efforts include presenting at key industry trade shows and conferences, distributing global press releases,
organizing customer seminars, posting information on our website, issuing periodic newsletters and producing marketing materials. In addition, we have established co-marketing programs with our alliance partners and customers.
Our marketing and business development department participates in refining our intellectual property offerings to address new
specific market needs and to use our brand name and close relationships to reach and create demand within system OEMs and semiconductor companies.
Our marketing department is responsible for defining the road map for our next generation of our IP platforms and DSP cores and their key features. In defining the road map, the marketing
department coordinates with our sales and research and development departments to take into consideration future trends in semiconductor technology, including DSP cores architectures and digital signal processing algorithms and competitive
positioning of our products. Our marketing department also runs competitive analyses to help us maintain our competitive position.
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Technology Partners
DSP Cores Licensing Business
We have established relationships with a network of independent third parties that provide services and technologies complementary to ours, including leading service companies such as Tality; design tool vendors such as Cadence,
Mentor and Synopsys; real time operating systems (RTOS) vendors such as CMX; and DSP software companies such as Espico, Ensigma and Vocal. We believe that these third-party partners offer existing and potential users of our technologies value-added
solutions and help to establish our DSP cores as an industry standard.
IP Platforms Licensing Business
We maintain close relationships with companies in what we believe to be three key areas of the semiconductor
industry: pure contract manufacturers of silicon chips, referred to as silicon foundries (including Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company and United Microelectronics Corporation (UMC)); providers of block-level semiconductor intellectual
property; and operating system and application software developers.
With respect to other intellectual property
providers, we have historically worked with a number of leading companies in this field to integrate their intellectual property into our systems. We continue to develop these relationships.
We have also developed close relationships with external software providers to further enhance our offerings.
Research and Development
Our future competitive
position will largely depend on our ability to develop new generations of IP platforms and DSP cores in a timely manner to meet the evolving and rapidly changing requirements of our target markets. Towards this end, we intend to maintain
significant research and development teams dedicated to developing new technological solutions and new versions of our existing technology.
As we integrate the businesses and workforces of Parthus and Ceva, we anticipate that we will be able to combine the complementary technical skills of the research and development personnel of the two
companies to further enhance our competitive advantage. We also expect to continue to invest substantial funds and personnel resources in research and development activities.
DSP Cores Licensing Business
All of our DSP cores and related development tools have been developed internally by our research and development team. Our first product was introduced in 1991. Since then we have introduced five new generations of products with
enhanced performance and one DSP core-based subsystem. We have also continuously sought to improve our existing line of products.
Our DSP cores licensing business research and development team consists of 43 employees. Our research and development expenses, net of related non-refundable research grants from the Office of Chief Scientist magnet programs in
Israel, were $5.1 million in 2001, $4.8 million in 2000 and $3.2 million in 1999. Nearly all of the IP for our DSP cores licensing business has been developed internally.
Our research and development team consists of engineers who possess significant experience in developing advanced programmable DSP cores. We believe that our strengths are
in our expertise in digital signal processing algorithms coupled with our deep understanding of processor architectures. These strengths allow us to design processors to run licensee-designed software that consumes less power and requires smaller
memory space.
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Our research and development projects are focused in three areas: product
improvement, next generation product evolution and future product revolution.
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Product improvement
is the process of making incremental modifications to our SmartCores designs that enhance their performance and ease of
implementation. In addition, we continuously enhance our development tools by adding features to improve the productivity of the software development process.
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Next-generation product evolution
is the process of developing new products, based on the same design concepts as the current generation, with
substantially better performance and significant new features.
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Future product revolution
is the process of developing new products that represent a significant departure from previous generation design concepts and
which incorporate evolving trends in processor architecture.
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Our research and development
projects are initiated based on new technology trends, emerging applications and inputs from customers and our sales and marketing personnel. We have a budgeting process in which we assess each project, establish financial goals and targets and
assign resources. We monitor our projects through a variety of processes. We have frequent staff meetings to update our staff on progress and share information. We also conduct regular project reviews with the participation of management, sales,
marketing and customer support. In these meetings, we review a number of aspects of the project including human, financial and technical resources used and required in the future, achievement of milestones and problems encountered. In addition, we
re-evaluate the project in light of the initial definition and current market conditions.
IP Platforms
Licensing Business
Since 1993, our IP platform licensing business has developed a core intellectual property
portfolio that includes a broad array of high-performance analog, digital and software building blocks that provide optimum cost performance for applications, especially in the mobile-Internet market. This business has approximately
270 full-time research and development staff located at eight development sites in Ireland, the United States and the United Kingdom. A significant number of our IP platforms research and development staff have advanced degrees. These
individuals have expertise in all the disciplines required to take a product from conception through design and into volume manufacturing, including:
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systems architecture, including modeling and partitioning;
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analog and mixed-signal technology;
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IP integration for system-on-a-chip development;
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software development; and
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Research and development efforts for our IP platforms business are focused on delivering further innovative solutions that offer clear benefits to our customers in the areas of:
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faster and higher performance, which is essential for the take-up of new services or content;
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lower power requirements, which is critical for battery life;
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smaller and lighter chip components, for better overall product design;
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easier manufacturing of extremely complex technology; and
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higher value at lower cost.
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Our IP platforms licensing business is involved in research programs with a number of university and independent research groups worldwide. These include both student sponsorships at undergraduate, masters and
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doctorate levels, and joint research programs. In addition, several members of our staff work one day per week at affiliated academic institutions, providing a strong link to the faculty and
student bodies. We also encourage our research and development personnel to maintain active roles in the various international organizations that develop and maintain standards in the electronics and related industries. This involvement allows us to
influence the development of new standards; keeps us informed as to important new developments regarding standards; and allows us to demonstrate our expertise to existing and potential customers who also participate in these standards-setting
bodies.
Proprietary Rights
Our success and ability to compete are dependent on our ability to develop and maintain the proprietary aspects of our intellectual property and to operate without infringing the proprietary rights of
others. We rely on a combination of patent, trademark, trade secret and copyright laws and contractual restrictions to protect the proprietary aspects of our technology. These legal protections afford only limited protection of our technology. We
also seek to limit disclosure of our intellectual property and trade secrets by requiring employees and consultants with access to our proprietary information to execute confidentiality agreements with us and by restricting access to our source code
and other intellectual property. Due to rapid technological change, we believe that factors such as the technological and creative skills of our personnel, new product developments and enhancements to existing products are more important than
specific legal protections of our technology in establishing and maintaining a technology leadership position.
We
have an active program to protect our proprietary technology through the filing of patents:
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In connection with our DSP cores licensing business, we hold four U.S. patents, with expiration dates between 2013 and 2019, and have 16 patent applications
pending in the United States, 11 pending in Israel, four pending in Japan, four pending in Europe and four pending in South Korea.
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In connection with our IP platform licensing business, we currently hold 16 U.S. patents, with expiration dates between 2011 and 2020, and 13 non-U.S. patents
on various aspects of our technology. We also have 39 patent applications pending in the United States and an additional 20 pending in the United Kingdom and other jurisdictions.
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We actively pursue foreign patent protection in other countries where we feel it is prudent to do so. Our policy is to apply for patents
or for other appropriate statutory protection when we develop valuable new or improved technology. The status of patents involves complex legal and factual questions, and the breadth of claims allowed is uncertain. Accordingly, we cannot assure you
that any patent application filed by us will result in a patent being issued, or that our issued patents, and any patents that may be issued in the future, will afford adequate protection against competitors with similar technology; nor can we
provide assurance that patents issued to us will not be infringed or that others will not design around our technology. In addition, the laws of certain countries in which our products are or may be developed, manufactured or sold, may not protect
our products and intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. We can provide no assurance that our pending patent applications or any future applications will be approved or will not be challenged by third
parties, that any issued patents will effectively protect our technology, or that patents held by third parties will not have an adverse effect on our ability to do business.
The semiconductor industry is characterized by frequent litigation regarding patent and other intellectual property rights. Questions of infringement in the semiconductor
field involve highly technical and subjective analyses. Litigation may in the future be necessary to enforce our patents and other intellectual property rights, to protect our trade secrets, to determine the validity and scope of the proprietary
rights of others, or to defend against claims of infringement or invalidity. We cannot assure you that we would be able to prevail in any such litigation, or be able to devote the financial resources required to bring such litigation to a successful
conclusion.
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In any potential dispute involving our patents or other intellectual property,
our licensees could also become the targets of litigation. We are generally bound to indemnify licensees under the terms of our license agreements. Although our indemnification obligations are generally subject to a maximum amount, these obligations
could nevertheless result in substantial expenses. In addition to the time and expense required for us to indemnify our licensees, a licensees development, marketing and sale of products embodying our solutions could be severely disrupted or
shut down as a result of litigation.
We also rely on trademark, copyright and trade secret laws to protect our
intellectual property. PalmDSPcore, PineDSPcore, OakDSPcore, OCEM, TeakDSPcore, Pine, Teak and Teaklite are United States registered trademarks of ParthusCeva or its affiliates. Parthus, the Parthus logo and BlueStream are European Community
trademarks of ParthusCeva or its affiliates. The registration of the following trademarks is pending in the United States: ParthusCeva, the ParthusCeva logo, Ceva, the Ceva logo, SmartCores, Assyst, Parthus, the Parthus logo, MachStream, MobiStream,
WarpStream, MediaStream, BlueStream and NavStream. Application for the following trademarks is pending in other jurisdictions: ParthusCeva, the ParthusCeva logo, Ceva, the Ceva logo, SmartCores, Assyst, Parthus, the Parthus logo, MachStream,
MobiStream, WarpStream, MediaStream, InfoStream, BlueStream and NavStream. The following trademarks are in use: PalmASSYST, PINE ASSYST SIMULATOR, XpertTeak, XpertDSP, XpertPalm, OpenKey, DSCKey, VoPKey, EDP, SmartCores Enabled, PDKit, ODKit,
TLDKit, TDKit and In8Stream.
Competition
We believe that the combination of Parthus and Ceva will position us to offer a unique range of solutions, including one of the most comprehensive offerings of DSP cores and IP platforms. We
anticipate, however, that we will continue to face much of the same competitive environments historically faced by our separate DSP cores and IP platforms licensing businesses.
DSP Cores Licensing Business
The programmable DSP cores market is highly competitive and is characterized by rapid technological change due to, among other things, the increasing demand for software-based DSP solutions for the emerging wireless,
telecommunications and multimedia applications. These trends lead to frequent product introductions, short product life-cycles and increased product capabilities, typically representing significant performance, power consumption and cost
improvements in each new generation of products.
We compete with other suppliers of licensed programmable DSP
cores and with suppliers of other DSP solutions. We believe that the principal competitive factors of a programmable DSP-based system are processor performance, overall system cost, power consumption, flexibility, reliability, software availability,
ease of implementation, customer support and name recognition.
The market is dominated by large, fully integrated
semiconductor companies that have significant brand recognition, a large installed base and a large network of support and field application engineers. We face direct and indirect competition from:
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intellectual property vendors that offer programmable DSP cores;
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intellectual property vendors of general purpose processors with DSP extensions;
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internal design groups of large chip companies that develop proprietary DSP solutions for their own application-specific chips; and
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semiconductor companies that offer off-the-shelf programmable DSP chips.
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We face direct competition mainly from various private intellectual property companies such as BOPS, Improv and 3DSP. In addition, some large chip manufacturing companies
such as Infineon Technologies and LSI Logic make their proprietary DSP technology available for license to create a second source for their technology.
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In recent years, we have also faced competition from companies that offer
microcontroller/ microprocessor intellectual property. These companies products are used for control and system functions in various applications, including personal digital assistants and video games. Embedded systems typically incorporate
both microprocessors responsible for system management and a programmable DSP that is responsible for communication and video/audio/voice compression. Recently, companies such as ARC, ARM Holdings, MIPS, and Tensilica have added a DSP extension to
their products in addition to the microcontroller functions, which may successfully compete with our designs in applications that involve low to moderate DSP performance requirements.
With respect to certain large potential customers, we also compete with their internal engineering teams supplying programmable DSP cores, who may design products for use
by other divisions internally, rather than licensing our products. These companies, which include Fujitsu, NEC and Philips, both license our designs for some applications and use their own proprietary cores for other applications. In the future,
such companies may choose to license their proprietary DSP cores to third parties and, as a result, become direct competitors.
We also compete indirectly with several general purpose programmable DSP semiconductor companies, such as Agere Systems, Analog Devices, Motorola, Texas Instruments and StarCore, a venture formed by Infineon, Agere and Motorola.
These companies have proprietary chip technologies that can be accessed only as part of their semiconductor products, while our technology is licensed to multiple vendors. OEMs may prefer to buy general purpose chips from large, established
semiconductor companies rather than license our products. In addition, the general purpose semiconductor companies are major competitors of semiconductor companies that license our technologies. It is also possible that in the future these DSP
semiconductor companies may choose to license their proprietary DSP cores to third parties and compete directly with us.
Our SmartCores architecture is an independent DSP technology licensed to other companies, which we make available together with a full package of design tools and technical support. We believe that designs using our SmartCores
architecture offer high performance along with small memory size and low-power consumption. In addition, our experience in designing and licensing programmable DSP cores can help semiconductor companies and system OEMs to create a competitive
system-on-a-chip solution that takes advantage of our licensees proprietary intellectual property as well as ours.
IP Platforms Licensing Business
Given the rapid rates of technological change and of new
product introductions in our target markets, we believe that a key competitive factor in these markets is whether a solution allows manufacturers to deliver the performance and features demanded by their target markets more quickly than their
competitors can. Because of our complete platform approach and our strong resources in key areas such as mixed-signal technology, we believe that we are extremely competitive in delivering complete solutions that meet the requirements of our
customers. In addition, we believe that the difficulty of attracting an adequate number of qualified technical staff, particularly in the areas of analog and mixed signal technology, coupled with the difficulty of combining know-how across the range
of technologies required to provide a complete solution in this market area, present substantial barriers to entry for new entrants into this area. Other important competitive factors include price, product quality, design cycle time, reliability,
performance, customer support, name recognition and reputation and financial strength.
Given our reliance on
relationships with a number of leading companies in the semiconductor and electronics industry, our competitive position is dependent on the competitive positions of those companies. In addition, the companies with whom we have relationships do not
license our intellectual property exclusively, and several of them also design, develop, manufacture and market products based on their own intellectual property or on other third-party intellectual property. They therefore often compete with each
other and with us in various applications.
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We compete with a variety of companies, ranging from smaller, niche semiconductor
design companies to large semiconductor manufacturers and OEMs, many of whom are our customers. We believe that our principal competition comes from the in-house research and development teams of such manufacturers, many of whom have significantly
greater financial and/or technical resources than we do. In addition, we must in such cases overcome any organizational bias against out-sourced solutions before we can compete successfully.
Aside from the in-house research and development groups of such manufacturers, we do not compete with any individual company across the range of our market offerings.
Within particular market segments, however, we do face competition to a greater or lesser extent from other industry participants. For example, in the following specific areas we compete with the companies indicated:
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in the Bluetooth and 802.11 technology arenaswith NewLogic and Tality;
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in the GPS marketwith SiRF, Snaptrack and Trimble;
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in the GPRS and W-CDMA marketswith TTPcom; and
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in the Internet audio marketwith Micronas, e.Digital and Xaudio.
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We cannot be certain that we will have the financial resources, technical expertise, and marketing or support capabilities to compete successfully in the future.
Employees
The table below presents the number of employees of Ceva, Parthus and ParthusCeva (giving effect to the combination of Ceva and Parthus as of June 30, 2002), by function and geographic location.
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Ceva
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Parthus
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ParthusCeva
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Total employees
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66
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352
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418
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Function
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Research and development
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43
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271
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314
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Sales and marketing
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11
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38
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49
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Technical support
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10
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10
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Administration
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2
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43
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45
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Location
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Ireland
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223
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223
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Israel
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60
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60
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United States
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2
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53
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55
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United Kingdom
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60
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60
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Elsewhere
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4
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16
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20
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Our employees are not represented by any collective bargaining
agreements, and neither Parthus nor our DSP cores licensing business has ever experienced a work stoppage. We believe our employee relations are good.
Competition for personnel in the semiconductor and software industries in general has historically been intense. We believe that our future prospects will depend, in part, on our ability to continue to
attract and retain highly skilled technical, marketing and management personnel. In particular, there is a limited supply of highly qualified engineers with analog, mixed-signal and digital signal processing experience.
A number of our employees are located in Israel. Certain provisions of Israeli law and of the collective bargaining agreements between the
Histadrut (General Federation of Labor in Israel) and the Coordination Bureau of Economic Organizations (the Israeli federation of employers organizations) apply to our Israeli employees.
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In addition to our own employees, certain employees of DSP Group and its
subsidiaries in Japan and France historically have performed sales and technical support activities for us; the costs associated with these employees have been allocated to us. Going forward, these DSP Groups sales and technical support people
will continue to provide services to ParthusCeva and will charge ParthusCeva the cost of providing such services at agreed-upon prices and fees.
Facilities
Our headquarters are located in San Jose, California and we have principal
offices in Dublin, Ireland and Herzeliya, Israel.
We lease land and buildings for our executive offices,
engineering, sales, marketing, administrative and support operations and design centers. The following table summarizes information with respect to the principal facilities leased by us:
Location
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Area (Sq. Feet)
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Principal Activities
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San Jose, CA, U.S.
(Headquarters)
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10,000
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Sales, marketing, engineering, administration.
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Dublin, Ireland
(Principal Office)
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32,700
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Executive offices, engineering, sales, marketing, administration.
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Herzeliya, Israel
(Principal Office)
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10,170
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Executive offices, engineering, sales, marketing, administration.
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Cork, Ireland
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10,000
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Engineering, administration.
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Limerick, Ireland
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4,000
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Engineering.
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Belfast, Northern Ireland
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8,000
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Engineering.
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Northampton, England
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18,000
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Engineering, marketing, administration.
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Austin, TX, U.S.
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10,400
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Research and development, marketing, administration.
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Caen, France
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550
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Research and development.
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Our Israeli facility is subleased from DSP Group; the sublease on
this space expires in November 2003 with an option to extend the lease for up to five additional years upon nine months prior notice and an option to terminate it upon three months prior notice.
Legal Proceedings
None of Ceva, Parthus or DSP
Group is currently, nor have any of them in the last 12 months been, involved in any legal or arbitration proceedings (including any such proceedings which are pending or threatened of which we are aware) that have or, in the last 12 months have
had, a significant effect on our or their financial position or results of operations.
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Executive Officers and Directors
Below we identify the people who serve as our executive officers and directors (giving effect to the combination of Ceva and Parthus), as well as their ages as of June
30, 2002:
Name
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Age
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Position(s)
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Eliyahu Ayalon
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59
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Chairman of the Board of Directors
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Brian Long
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45
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Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors
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Kevin Fielding
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39
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President, Chief Executive Officer and Director
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Zvi Limon(1)
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43
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Director
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Bruce A. Mann(2)
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67
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Director
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William McCabe(1)(2)
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44
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Director
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Sven-Christer Nilsson(1)(2)
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58
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Director
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Louis Silver(1)(2)
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48
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Director
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Gideon Wertheizer
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45
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Executive Vice PresidentBusiness Development and Chief Technology Officer
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Eoin Gilley
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40
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Chief Operating Officer
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Elaine Coughlan
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30
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Chief Financial Officer
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William McLean
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44
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Vice PresidentSales
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Issachar Ohana
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36
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Vice President and General Manager of the DSP Intellectual Property Licensing Division
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Bat-Sheva Ovadia
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38
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Chief ScientistDSP Technologies
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(1)
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Member of compensation committee
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(2)
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Member of audit committee
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Eliyahu Ayalon
has served as Chairman of our board of directors since the closing of the combination of Parthus and Ceva and as a member of our board of directors since the inception of Ceva, Inc. in November 1999.
Mr. Ayalon also served as Cevas Chief Executive Officer from November 1999 to January 2001. Mr. Ayalon joined DSP Group in April 1996 as President, Chief Executive Officer and a member of the board of directors. In January 2000, Mr. Ayalon was
appointed to serve as Chairman of the board of directors of DSP Group. Mr. Ayalon joined DSP Group from Mennen Medical, a developer and manufacturer of healthcare products, where he served as President and Chief Executive Officer from May 1992
to April 1996. Mr. Ayalon holds a B.Sc. in Electrical Engineering from the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology.
Brian Long
has served as Vice Chairman of our board of directors since the closing of the combination of Parthus and Ceva. He also served as Chief Executive Officer and a member of the board of directors of Parthus from 1993
until the combination with Ceva, and was one of the co-founders of Parthus. Mr. Long has more than 20 years experience developing intellectual property solutions for the semiconductor industry. Prior to co-founding Parthus, Mr. Long was a
chief design engineer with AT&T, a telecommunications company. Mr. Long later held corporate responsibility for mixed-signal technology development at Digital Equipment Corporation, a computer company, coordinating its cooperation with major
semiconductor companies in the field of integrated circuit technology design and development. Mr. Long is the named inventor in several U.S. and European integrated circuit design patents and is currently on the board of the National
Microelectronics Research Centre, Ireland. He holds undergraduate and masters degrees in Electronic Engineering from Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
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Kevin Fielding
has served as our President, Chief Executive Officer and as
a member of our board of directors since the closing of the combination of Parthus and Ceva. He served as President of Parthus from March 2001 until the combination with Ceva, and as a member of the board of directors of Parthus from November 2000
until the combination with Ceva. He served as Chief Operating Officer of Parthus from 1998 to 2001. Mr. Fielding joined Parthus from Digital Semiconductor in Boston, U.S., where he was Managing Director of Digitals StrongARM business. He has
over 18 years experience in the semiconductor business in the U.S. and Europe. He holds undergraduate and masters degrees in Electronic Engineering from the National University of Ireland, Cork and an MBA from Northeastern University.
Zvi Limon
has served as a member of our board of directors since November 1999. He has also served as a
director of DSP Group since February 1999. Mr. Limon is currently self-employed. He served as Chairman of Limon Holdings Ltd., a consulting and investment advisory firm, from October 1993 to July 2000. He holds a B.A. in economics and business
administration from Bar Ilan University in France and an MBA from INSEAD Fontainebleu in France.
Bruce A. Mann
has served as a member of our board of directors since April 2001. Mr. Mann has been a partner of Morrison & Foerster LLP, our legal counsel, since February 1987, and a Senior Managing Director of WR Hambrecht & Co., an investment
banking firm, since October 1999. Mr. Mann holds a B.A. in business administration and a J.D. from the University of Wisconsin.
William McCabe
has served as a member of our board of directors since the closing of the combination of Parthus and Ceva. He also served as a non-executive director of Parthus from 1997 until the combination with Ceva. He is
the former Chairman of SmartForce plc (formerly CBT Group plc), an Irish company specializing in interactive educational software. He holds a degree in Economics from Queens University, Belfast.
Sven-Christer Nilsson
has served as a member of our board of directors since the closing of the combination of Parthus and Ceva. He served as a non-executive
director of Parthus from 2000 until the combination with Ceva. He is a co-founder and director of Startupfactory, a venture capital and early-stage investor headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden. Between 1982 and 1999 he held various positions with
Ericsson, the telecommunications equipment supplier, including President, Ericsson Radio Systems (Sweden), Vice President, Mobile Switching Systems, Executive Vice President, Cellular Systems-American Standards, and, from 1998, Chief Executive
Officer. Mr. Nilsson holds a BSc in Computer Science from the University of Lund, Sweden.
Louis Silver
has
served as a member of our board of directors since April 2002. He has also served as a director of DSP Group since November 1999. Mr. Silver has served as an advisor and counsel to the Discount Bank & Trust Co., an international bank, since
September 1996. From April 1992 to December 1995, Mr. Silver served as Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel of Sapiens International, a provider of enterprise-wide, mission-critical business solutions. He holds an A.B. from Harvard College,
an LLB from Tel Aviv University School of Law and an LLM from New York University School of Law.
Gideon
Wertheizer
has served as our Executive Vice PresidentBusiness Development and Chief Technology Officer since the closing of the combination of Parthus and Ceva. He also served as Cevas Chief Executive Officer and President from
January 2001 until the combination with Parthus. Prior to joining us, Mr. Wertheizer was with DSP Group, starting in September 1990 as Project Manager of the VLSI Design Center and became Vice President of the Design Center in August 1995. In
November 1997, Mr. Wertheizer was appointed Vice PresidentMarketing of DSP Group. In January 2000, Mr. Wertheizer was appointed Executive Vice President of Intellectual Property of DSP Group. Mr. Wertheizer holds a B.S. in Electrical
Engineering from Ben Gurion University in Israel and an MBA from University of Bradford in England.
Eoin
Gilley
has served as our Chief Operating Officer since the closing of the combination of Parthus and Ceva. He served as Chief Operating Officer of Parthus from March 2001 until the combination with Ceva. Mr. Gilley joined Parthus from
Artesyn Technologies, a provider of power conversion equipment to the
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communications industry, where he spent three years and held the position of Managing Director, Europe. Previously, Mr. Gilley spent 15 years with Apple Computer, including at Apples
European manufacturing facility plant and, most recently, in Cupertino, California, as Director of Operations for Apples Newton Division. From 1995 to early 1998, he held the position of Vice President/General Manager Europe with Quarterdeck
International Ltd., a software provider, based in Dublin, Ireland. Mr. Gilley has a B.S. in Engineering and an MBA from Fordham University.
Elaine Coughlan
has served as our Chief Financial Officer since the closing of the combination of Parthus and Ceva. She served as Chief Financial Officer of Parthus from March 2001 until the
combination with Ceva, and had served as Parthus Vice PresidentFinance from August 2000 to March 2001 and as its Corporate Controller from December 1999 to August 2000. Ms. Coughlan joined Parthus from IONA Technologies plc, a provider
of enterprise software solutions, where she held senior financial positions, including Vice President of Finance, Acting Corporate Controller, Assistant Corporate Controller and European Financial Controller. Previously she spent eight years at
Ernst and Young, a public accounting firm, as a senior audit manager specializing in advising clients registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission in the technology sector and handling public offering transactions. She is an Associate of
the Institute of Chartered Accountants in Ireland.
William McLean
has served as our Vice
PresidentSales since the closing of the combination of Parthus and Ceva. He served as President, U.S. Operations and Vice President Worldwide Sales of Parthus from 1998 until the combination with Ceva. He joined Parthus from Authentec, a
biometrics firm and spin-off from Harris Semiconductor, where he was Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer. Mr. McLean joined Harris Semiconductor in 1996, serving as Vice President and General Manager of Worldwide Sales and Marketing.
Mr. McLean previously served as Vice President of OEM Sales at Fujitsu Microelectronics, and Vice President of Sales and Marketing for the start-up firm, Advanced Telecommunications Modules Ltd., a provider of communications technology. Mr.
McLean began his career at Texas Instruments, where he spent 12 years in various sales and marketing positions. Mr. McLean has a B.S. in Electrical Engineering from Christian Brothers University, Memphis, Tennessee.
Issachar Ohana
has served as our Vice President and General Manager of the DSP Intellectual Property Licensing Division since the
closing of the combination of Parthus and Ceva. Prior to joining us, Mr. Ohana was with DSP Group beginning in August 1994 as a VLSI design engineer. He was appointed Project Manager of DSP Groups research and development in July 1995,
Director of Core Licensing in August 1998, and Vice PresidentSales of the Core Licensing Division in May 2000. Mr. Ohana holds a B.Sc. in Electrical and Computer Engineering from Ben Gurion University in Israel and an MBA from University of
Bradford in England.
Bat-Sheva Ovadia
has served as our Chief ScientistDSP Technologies since the
closing of the combination of Parthus and Ceva. Prior to joining us, she was with DSP Group beginning in September 1988 as a DSP algorithm engineer. She was appointed Chief Architect of the DSP core architectures and served as Department Manager of
DSP Group Architecture and Algorithm Department beginning in 1996, the Marketing and Business Development Director beginning in 1998 and Vice PresidentMarketing and Business Development beginning in May 2000. Ms. Ovadia is the named inventor
in several U.S. and Israeli patents and pending patents, and is widely published and has presented on issues relating to DSP technology and applications. Ms. Ovadia holds a BSc. in Electrical Engineering from the Technion Institute of Technology,
Israel.
Board Composition and Executive Officers
We currently have authorized eight directors.
Our executive officers are appointed by, and serve
at the discretion of, our board of directors. Each of our officers and directors, excluding non-employee directors, devotes substantially full time to our affairs. Our non-
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employee directors devote such time to our affairs as is necessary to discharge their duties. There are no family relationships among any of our directors, officers or key employees.
Members of our board of directors serve one-year terms. Executive officers are elected by and serve at the
discretion of the board of directors.
Board Committees
Our board of directors has established an audit committee and a compensation committee. Our audit committee reviews, acts on and reports to our board of directors with
respect to various auditing and accounting matters, including the selection of our independent accountants, the scope of the annual audits, fees to be paid to the independent accountants, the performance of our independent accountants and our
accounting practices. Messrs. Bruce A. Mann, William McCabe, Sven-Christer Nilsson and Louis Silver are the current members of our audit committee.
Our compensation committee establishes salaries, incentives and other forms of compensation for our executive officers and other key employees. This committee also administers our incentive
compensation and stock plans. Messrs. Zvi Limon, William McCabe, Sven-Christer Nilsson and Louis Silver are the current members of our compensation committee.
Management Committee
Our company has also established a management committee
consisting of Messrs. Ayalon, Long, Fielding and Wertheizer. In addition, Ms. Coughlan may attend management committee meetings on a non-voting basis. Our bylaws provide that all material business decisions must be raised before the management
committee prior to any action being taken. The management committee holds regular meetings; members of the committee do not receive any compensation for serving on the committee.
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
We had no compensation committee and no officers who received compensation from Ceva, Inc. prior to the separation.
Director Compensation
Directors who are employees of our company do not receive any
additional compensation for their services as directors. Directors who are not employees of our company receive an annual retainer of $20,000, payable in quarterly installments of $5,000 each. The retainer contemplates attendance at four board
meetings per year. Additional board meetings of a face-to-face nature are compensated at the rate of $500 per meeting. In addition, committee meetings of a face-to-face nature and on a telephonic basis are compensated at the rate of $500 per
meeting. All directors are reimbursed for expenses incurred in connection with attending board and committee meetings. Our directors are eligible to participate in our stock plans. As of June 30, 2002, Messrs. Ayalon, Limon and Silver have been
granted options to purchase 1,140,000, 90,000 and 70,000 shares of DSP Group common stock, respectively. As of June 30, 2002, Messrs. Ayalon, Limon and Mann have been granted options to purchase 800,000, 40,000 and 40,000 shares of Ceva common
stock, respectively. As of June 30, 2002, Messrs. Fielding and Nilsson hold options to purchase 1,320,970 and 249,990 Parthus ordinary shares, respectively. We currently have no specific plans regarding options to be granted to our directors in the
future.
Employment Agreements
We expect to enter into employment agreements with Eliyahu Ayalon, Elaine Coughlan, Kevin Fielding, Eoin Gilley, Brian Long, William McLean, Issahar Ohana, Bat-Sheva Ovadia and Gideon Wertheizer. These
agreements will be for an indefinite term. The officers employment will be terminable at any time by us upon the determination of our board of directors on not less than 36 months notice in the case of Mr. Long, 24 months notice in the case of
Mr. Ayalon, 12 months notice in the case of Mr. Fielding, 9 months notice in the case of Mr. Wertheizer and 6 months in the case of each of Ms. Coughlan, Mr. Gilley, Mr. McLean, Mr. Ohana and Ms. Ovadia.
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Pursuant to the employment agreement we expect to enter into with Mr. Ayalon, Mr.
Ayalon will be entitled to an annual salary of $170,000 and a bonus to be determined at the discretion of the compensation committee of our board of directors. Mr. Ayalons employment will be terminable at any time by us upon the determination
of our board of directors on not less than 24 months notice to Mr. Ayalon, or by him on not less than 24 months notice to us. If Mr. Ayalon is terminated by us or a succeeding corporation following a change in control of us, or if he resigns for
good reason, he will be entitled to an amount equal to the base salary to which he would otherwise have been entitled had he remained employed by us for an additional two years and his options will vest in full. In addition, upon any termination or
change in status of Mr. Ayalon as chairman of our board of directors, all options granted to Mr. Ayalon under our 2000 Stock Incentive Plan will immediately vest and remain exercisable for a period of two years after his termination of service to
ParthusCeva.
Pursuant to the employment agreement we expect to enter into with Mr. Ohana, Mr. Ohana will be
entitled to a salary of $110,000 and a bonus to be determined at the discretion of the compensation committee of our board of directors. In addition, for the first six months of Mr. Ohanas employment with us, he will be entitled to receive
sales commission based on established sales targets. After the initial six months period, we will re-evaluate our arrangement with Mr. Ohana with respect to the sales commission. Mr. Ohanas employment will be terminable at any time by us upon
the determination of our board of directors on not less than 6 months notice to Mr. Ohana, or by him on not less than 6 months notice to us.
Pursuant to the employment agreement we expect to enter into with Ms. Ovadia, Ms. Ovadia will be entitled to a salary of $100,000 and a bonus to be determined at the discretion of the compensation
committee of our board of directors. Ms. Ovadias employment will be terminable at any time by us upon the determination of our board of directors on not less than 6 months notice to Ms. Ovadia, or by her on not less than 6 months notice to us.
Pursuant to the employment agreement we expect to enter into with Mr. Wertheizer, Mr. Wertheizer will be entitled
to a salary of $160,000 and a bonus to be determined at the discretion of the compensation committee of our board of directors. Mr. Wertheizers employment will be terminable at any time by us upon the determination of our board of directors on
not less than 9 months notice to Mr. Wertheizer, or by him on not less than 9 months notice to us.
The employment
agreements we expect to enter into with Ms. Coughlan, Mr. Fielding, Mr. Gilley, Mr. Long, Mr. McLean, Mr. Ohana, Ms. Ovadia and Mr. Wertheizer will also include the following terms. Under each agreement, if we, or an acquiring or succeeding
corporation after a change in control of us:
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terminate the officers employment for any reason, other than for cause; or
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if the officer resigns after we
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assign him or her to duties inconsistent in any material respect with, or materially diminish, his or her position, authority or responsibilities;
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reduce the officers annual base salary other than through a comparable reduction in salary affecting all similarly situated employees;
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fail to continue to provide any material compensation or benefit plan or program in which the officer participates or provide such compensation, plan or program
on a materially reduced basis;
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fail to award cash bonuses to the officer in amounts and in a manner substantially consistent with past practice in light of our financial performance; or
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relocate the officer to a new office that is more than 60 kilometers from the officers principal residence and more than 35 kilometers from the location
at which the officer performs his or her principal duties for us
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then the officer will be entitled to fringe benefits
and an amount equal to the compensation to which the officer would otherwise have been entitled if the officer had remained employed by us for the greater of two years after the termination or until the expiration of the officers employment
period set forth in the employment agreement,
105
and the officers options shall vest in full. If the officers employment by us is terminated by death of the officer, his or her options shall vest in full.
Mr. Gilleys current agreement with Parthus provides that in the event of a change in control of Parthus, if within six months his
employment is terminated without cause or fault, he is entitled to receive an amount equal to six months salary and all options granted to him will vest in full. This agreement will be superseded by his new employment agreement which, by contrast,
as indicated above, will provide that if Mr. Gilley is terminated by us, or by our successor resulting from a change in control, for any reason other than for cause, or if he resigns for good reason, he will be entitled to 24 months salary and
fringe benefits, and all options granted to him will vest in full.
Parthus Repayment of Capital
In their capacity as Parthus shareholders, the existing directors and executive officers of Parthus (including Brian Long) and their
affiliates, as a group, will receive, in the aggregate, approximately 31% of the $60 million cash repayment of capital to be made to Parthus shareholders immediately prior to the combination. Within this group, those who will also serve as directors
or executive officers of ParthusCeva immediately following the combination (including Brian Long) and their affiliates will receive, in the aggregate, approximately 23% of the total repayment and Mr. Long himself will receive approximately 18.5% of
the total repayment.
The $60 million cash repayment of capital to be made to Parthus shareholders is being made
to provide an interim cash return to the Parthus shareholders and to achieve a capital structure for the combined entity that properly reflects the relative contributions of the two constituent companies.
The Parthus affiliates entitled to receive amounts pursuant to the distribution are Brian Long, Kevin Fielding, Michael Peirce, Peter
McManamon, Kelburn Limited and Joan Scully, who will receive approximately $11,213,068, $628, $1,871,550, $3,049,669, $2,699,701 and $28,505, respectively.
Executive Compensation
Presented below is certain information for fiscal year
2001 concerning the compensation for Eliyahu Ayalon, a member of our board of directors, Gideon Wertheizer, our Executive Vice PresidentBusiness Development and Chief Technology Officer, Issachar Ohana, Vice President and General
ManagerDSP Intellectual Property Licensing Division and Bat-Sheva Ovadia, Chief ScientistDSP Technologies. We had no employees in 2001. Messrs. Ayalon, Wertheizer, Ohana and Ms. Ovadia were the only four of our expected executive
officers, a majority of whose compensation with DSP Group was allocated to us for fiscal 2001 (the Named Executive Officers).
Summary Compensation Table
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2001 Annual Compensation
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Name and Principal Position
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Salary($)(1)
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Bonus($)(2)
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Eliyahu Ayalon
Member of the Board of Directors
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$
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191,522
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$
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210,000
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Gideon Wertheizer
Executive Vice PresidentBusiness Development and Chief Technology Officer
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$
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206,787
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$
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100,000
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Issachar Ohana
Vice President and General Manager of the DSP Intellectual Property Licensing Division
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$
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177,560
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$
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0
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Bat-Sheva Ovadia
Chief ScientistDSP Technologies
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$
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128,111
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$
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40,000
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(1)
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Salaries include social benefit payments and car allowances. With respect to Mr. Ohana, salaries also include sales commission in the aggregate amount of
$54,110.
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(2)
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Includes bonus amounts earned in 2001 and paid in 2002.
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106
The following information relates to the executive compensation received from
Parthus by the executive officers of Parthus during 2001, although such individuals received no compensation from Ceva in that period.
The aggregate compensation, including benefits in kind, paid to Parthus directors and senior management for 2001 was $1,134,000. Parthus also granted to Parthus directors and senior management during
2001 options to purchase an aggregate of 16,150,000 Parthus ordinary shares at an average exercise price of $0.45 per share. These options expire in 2008. Parthus executive directors do not receive any additional compensation for their services as
members of the Parthus Board but are reimbursed for their reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in attending meetings of the board of directors.
The following table sets out remuneration, including pension contributions, paid to or accrued for all of the Parthus directors for 2001:
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Salary and fees
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Bonuses
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Taxable Benefits
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Pension contributions
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Total 2001
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Total 2000
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(in thousands)
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Executive Directors
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Brian Long
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$
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182
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$
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$
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2
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$
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27
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$
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211
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$
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363
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Kevin Fielding*
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192
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1
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19
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212
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|
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20
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Non-executive Directors
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Michael Peirce
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William McCabe
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35
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35
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35
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Sven-Christer Nilsson*
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40
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40
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30
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$
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631
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$
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$
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6
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$
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73
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$
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710
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$
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811
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*
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Mr. Fielding was appointed a director on November 27, 2000; Mr. Nilsson was appointed a director on March 31, 2000.
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Option Grants in Fiscal Year 2001
The following table sets forth certain information for each of our Named Executive Officers concerning stock options of Ceva granted to them during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2001.
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Individual Grants
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Number of Ceva Securities Underlying Options
Granted(1)
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Percent of Total Options Granted(2)
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Exercise Price Per
Share(3)
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Expiration
Date(4)
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Potential Realizable
Value at
Assumed Annual Rates of Stock Price Appreciation for
Option Term(5)
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5%($)
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10%($)
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Gideon Wertheizer
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300,000
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29.9
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%
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$
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5.37
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01/22/08
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$
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655,838
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$
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1,528,380
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(1)
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Options granted pursuant to Cevas 2000 Stock Incentive Plan. 25% of the options granted vest one year from the date of grant. Thereafter the remaining 75%
of the options granted vest quarterly over the next three years.
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(2)
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In the last fiscal year, Ceva, Inc. granted options to purchase an aggregate of 1,002,740 shares.
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(3)
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In determining the fair market value of our common stock, our board of directors considered various factors, including our financial condition and business
prospects, our operating results, the absence of a market for our common stock and the risks normally associated with high technology companies and relied significantly upon the report of Ducas Economic Planning Ltd. related to the valuation of the
DSP cores licensing business. The exercise price may be paid in cash, check, promissory note, shares of our common stock, through a cashless exercise procedure involving same-day sale of the purchased shares or any combination of such methods.
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(4)
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Options may terminate before their expiration dates if the optionees status as an employee or consultant is terminated or upon the optionees death
or disability.
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(5)
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The 5% and 10% assumed annual rates of compounded stock price appreciation are mandated by rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission and do not represent
our estimate or projection of our future common stock prices.
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107
In addition, as part of the separation of the DSP cores licensing business from
DSP Group and the distribution of the equity of Ceva held by DSP Group to its stockholders, each DSP Group option held by our Named Executive Officers entitled them to receive an option to purchase the equivalent number of shares of
ParthusCevas common stock as if they had owned these shares at the time of the distribution. As a result, Messrs. Ayalon, Ohana and Wertheizer and Ms. Ovadia received options to purchase 380,000, 30,000, 23,333 and 23,500 shares of
ParthusCevas common stock, respectively (based on options outstanding as of June 30, 2002).
The
following information relates to option grants for the executive officers of Parthus during 2001, although such individuals did not receive option grants or hold any options from Ceva in that period. The options set forth below will continue with
the same terms and conditions after the combination with Ceva, except that they will be become options to purchase shares of ParthusCevas common stock such that the number of shares of ParthusCevas common stock purchasable upon the
exercise of each Parthus option is equal to the number of shares of ParthusCevas common stock that would have been received for the Parthus shares underlying the option, had the option been exercised prior to the combination with Ceva. The
exercise price per share will also be adjusted proportionately. The options set forth below will also be adjusted for the repricing of certain Parthus options, including changes made as a result of Parthus $60 million cash repayment of capital
to the Parthus shareholders.
As of December 31, 2001, options to purchase 82,822,073 ordinary shares were
outstanding at exercise prices ranging from $0.031 to $2.70 per share. Of these, options to purchase an aggregate of 25,474,350 ordinary shares were held by our directors and senior management. Below is table showing option grants to Parthus
officers and directors in fiscal 2001.
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Parthus Options
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Name
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Number of Ordinary Shares Underlying Options
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Exercise Price
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Dates of Grant
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Expiration Date
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Kevin Fielding
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4,900,000
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$
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0.285
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9/20/01
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9/20/08
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Eoin Gilley
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2,250,000
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$
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1.50
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3/2/01
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3/2/08
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3,000,000
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$
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0.285
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9/20/01
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9/20/08
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Elaine Coughlan
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3,000,000
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$
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0.285
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9/20/01
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9/20/08
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William McLean
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3,000,000
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$
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0.285
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9/20/01
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9/20/08
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Stock Plans
2002 Stock Incentive Plan
Our
2002 Stock Incentive Plan was adopted by our board of directors and sole stockholder in July 2002. Up to 1,800,000 shares of our common stock, subject to adjustment in the event of stock splits and other similar events, are reserved for issuance
under the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan. No options have been granted to date under the 2002 plan, which became effective as of the date of the combination with Parthus.
The 2002 Stock Incentive Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options intended to qualify under Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code, nonqualified stock
options and restricted stock awards. Our officers, employees, directors, outside consultants and advisors and those of our present and future parent and subsidiary corporations are eligible to receive awards under the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan.
Under present law, however, incentive stock options may only be granted to employees.
Optionees receive the right
to purchase a specified number of shares of our common stock at a specified option price, subject to the terms and conditions of the option grant. We may grant options at an exercise price less than, equal to or greater than the fair market value of
our common stock on the date of the grant. Under present law, incentive stock options and options intended to qualify as performance-based compensation under Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code may not be granted at an exercise price less
than the fair market
108
value of the common stock on the date of grant, or less than 110% of the fair market value in the case of incentive stock options granted to optionees holding more than 10% of our voting power.
The 2002 Stock Incentive Plan permits our board of directors to determine how optionees may pay the exercise price of their options, including by cash, check or in connection with a cashless exercise through a broker, by surrender of
shares of common stock to us, or by any combination of the permitted forms of payment.
Our board of directors and
our compensation committee have authority to administer the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan. Our board of directors or our compensation committee has the authority to adopt, amend and repeal the administrative rules, guidelines and practices relating to
the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan and to interpret its provisions. Our board of directors may also delegate authority under the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan to one or more committees or subcommittees of our board of directors or to one or more of our
executive officers. Subject to any applicable limitations contained in the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan, our board of directors, our compensation committee or any other committee or executive officer to whom our board of directors delegates authority,
as the case may be, selects the recipients of awards and determines:
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the number of shares of common stock covered by options and the dates upon which such options become exercisable;
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the exercise price of options;
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the duration of options; and
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the number of shares of common stock subject to any restricted stock awards and the terms and conditions of such awards, including the conditions for
repurchase, issue price, and repurchase price.
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Our board of directors determines the effect on
an award of the disability, death, retirement, authorized leave of absence or other change in employment or other status of a plan participant.
In the event of a proposed liquidation or dissolution event, all unexercised options will become exercisable in full as of a specified period of time before the event and will terminate immediately
prior to the event. Our board of directors may specify the effect of a liquidation or dissolution on any restricted stock award under the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan at the time of the grant of such award.
In the event of a merger, consolidation or exchange of all of our common stock in a share exchange transaction, all outstanding options
under the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan may be assumed or substituted for by the acquiring or succeeding corporation. If the options are not assumed or substituted for by the acquiring or succeeding corporation, all unexercised options will become
exercisable in full as of a specified period of time before the event and will terminate immediately prior to the event. In the event of a merger, consolidation or exchange of all of our common stock in a share exchange transaction, our rights,
including repurchase rights, with respect to outstanding restricted stock awards will become the rights of the acquiring or succeeding corporation and shall apply to the cash, securities or other property into which our common stock was converted in
the merger, consolidation or share exchange.
No award may be granted under the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan after
July 2012, but the vesting and effectiveness of awards granted before those dates may extend beyond those date. Our board of directors may at any time amend, suspend, or terminate the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan. See also Separation of DSP Cores
Licensing Business from DSP GroupTreatment of DSP Group Stock Options.
2000 Stock Incentive Plan
In July 2000, we adopted our 2000 Stock Incentive Plan. As of June 30, 2002, there were options to purchase
2,517,020 shares of common stock outstanding under the 2000 Stock Incentive Plan with a weighted average exercise prices of $5.54 per share, no shares had been issued pursuant to the exercise of options or equity
109
incentive awards under the 2000 Stock Incentive Plan. No further options grants will be made under the 2000 plan.
Our board of directors or a committee designated by the board administers our 2000 Stock Incentive Plan, including selecting the optionees, determining the number of shares
to be subject to each option, determining the exercise price of each option and determining the vesting and exercise periods of each option. The exercise price of all incentive stock options and non-statutory stock options granted under our 2000
Stock Incentive Plan must be at least equal to the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant. With respect to any participant who owns stock possessing more than 10% of the voting power of all our classes of stock, the exercise
price of any incentive stock option granted must equal at least 110% of the fair market value on the grant date and the maximum term of any these options must not exceed five years. The maximum term of an incentive stock option granted to any other
participant must not exceed ten years. The term of all other awards granted under our 2000 Stock Incentive Plan will be determined by the board or committee designated by the board.
Generally, options granted under the 2000 Stock Incentive Plan (other than those granted to non-employee directors) vest at a rate of 25% of the shares underlying the
option after one year and the remaining shares vest in equal portions over the following 12 quarters, such that all shares are vested after four years.
In the event a participant in our 2000 Stock Incentive Plan terminates his or her, employment, or is terminated by us other than for cause, any options which have become exercisable prior to the time
of termination shall remain exercisable for twelve months from the date of termination if termination was caused by death or disability, or three months from the date of termination if termination was caused by reasons other than death or
disability. In the event a participant in our 2000 Stock Incentive Plan is terminated by us for cause, his or her option shall terminate concurrently with the termination of employment, including options which have become exercisable prior to the
time of termination.
In the event we merge with or into another corporation or dispose of all or substantially
all of our assets, or in the event of certain other transactions in which our stockholders before the transaction own less than 50% of the total combined voting power of all our outstanding securities after the transaction, all outstanding awards
under the 2000 Stock Incentive Plan will become fully vested and exercisable (but will terminate after the completion of any of these events) unless they are assumed or equivalent awards are substituted by the successor corporation or any of its
parents or subsidiaries. If the successor corporation or any of its parents or subsidiaries assumes or replaces awards granted under the 2000 Stock Incentive Plan, none of the awards will be subject to accelerated vesting.
Unless terminated sooner, our 2000 Stock Incentive Plan will terminate in 2010. Our board of directors has authority to amend or terminate
our 2000 Stock Incentive Plan, provided that this action will not impair the rights of any participant without the written consent of that participant. See also Separation of DSP Cores Licensing Business from DSP GroupTreatment of DSP
Group Stock Options.
Parthus 2000 Stock Incentive Plan
In connection with our combination with Parthus, we assumed the Parthus 2000 Share Option Plan and the options granted under it. Each
option under that plan became an option to purchase the number of shares of our common stock that the holder of such option would have received had such holder exercised the option prior to the combination and held Parthus ordinary shares, and the
exercise price per share was adjusted proportionately. Otherwise, the options outstanding under the Parthus 2000 Share Option Plan continue to be governed by the terms of this plan. No further options will be granted or other awards made under this
plan. As of June 30, 2002, there were options to purchase 106,549,710 Parthus ordinary shares outstanding under the this plan with a weighted average exercise price of $0.56 per share.
110
Under the terms of the plan, options may be granted to Parthus employees, consultants or directors and the employees,
consultants and directors of any of Parthus subsidiaries. The option holder is entitled to exercise an option in respect of 25% of the total number of shares subject to option on the first anniversary of the date of grant. Each successive
month thereafter, the option holder is entitled to exercise options in respect of 1/48th of the total number of shares subject to the option. All shares allotted under the plan rank equally in all respects with our ordinary shares.
No option may be sold, pledged, assigned, transferred or otherwise disposed of in any other manner by the option holder during
his or her lifetime. Options will lapse to the extent that they have not been exercised by the earliest of the seventh anniversary of its date of grant, the expiration of 12 months from the date of death of the option holder or three months from the
date of cessation of the option holders status as an employee, consultant or director.
Chicory Systems,
Inc. 1999 Employee Stock Option/Stock Issuance Plan
Parthus assumed the Chicory Systems, Inc. 1999 Employee
Stock Option/Stock Issuance Plan, which we refer to as the Chicory Plan, and the options granted under it, in May 2001 in connection with Parthus acquisition of Chicory Systems, Inc. As of June 30, 2002, there were options to purchase
1,249,401 Parthus ordinary shares outstanding under the Chicory Plan with a weighted average exercise price of $0.07 per share. No further options will be granted or other awards made under the Chicory Plan. We assumed the Chicory Plan and the
options granted under it in connection with the combination of Parthus and Ceva, and all options under that plan have become options to purchase shares of our common stock. Each option under that plan became an option to purchase the number of
shares of our common stock that the holder of such option would have received had such holder exercised the option prior to the combination and held Parthus ordinary shares, and the exercise price per share was adjusted proportionately. Otherwise,
the options outstanding under the Chicory Plan continue to be governed by the terms of this plan.
In the event a
participant in the Chicory Plan terminates his or her employment, or is terminated other than for cause, any options which have become exercisable prior to the time of termination remain exercisable for twelve months from the date of termination if
termination was caused by death or disability, or three months from the date of termination if termination was caused by reasons other than death or disability. In the event a participant in the Chicory Plan is terminated for cause, or engages in
conduct that would warrant termination for cause, his or her option terminates immediately.
In the event
ParthusCeva is a party to a merger or consolidation in which securities possessing more than 50% of the total combined voting power of ParthusCevas outstanding securities are transferred to persons different from the persons holding those
securities immediately prior to that transaction, or if ParthusCeva sells, transfers or otherwise disposes of all or substantially all of its assets in complete liquidation or dissolution, all options under the Chicory Plan shall automatically vest
in full (and shall terminate, except to the extent assumed by the successor corporation) unless the options are assumed by the successor corporation or its parent, the options are replaced with a cash incentive program of the successor corporation
which preserves the spread existing on the unvested option shares at the time of the transaction and provides for subsequent payout in accordance with the same vesting schedule applicable to those unvested option shares, or the acceleration of the
options is subject to other limitations imposed by the administrator of the Chicory Plan at the time of the option grants.
2002 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Our 2002 Employee Stock Purchase Plan was adopted by our
board of directors and sole stockholder in July 2002. Our Employee Stock Purchase Plan is intended to qualify as an Employee Stock Purchase Plan under Section 423 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code and is intended to provide our
employees with an opportunity to purchase common stock through payroll deductions. An aggregate of 1,000,000 shares of common stock have been reserved for issuance and are available for purchase under our Employee Stock Purchase Plan, pending
adjustments for stock splits, future stock dividends or other similar changes in our common stock or our capital structure.
111
All of our employees who are regularly employed for more than five months in any
calendar year and work 20 hours or more per week will be eligible to participate in our 2002 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. Non-employee directors, consultants, and employees subject to the rules or laws of a foreign jurisdiction that prohibit or
make impractical their participation in an employee stock purchase plan will not be eligible to participate in our 2002 Employee Stock Purchase Plan.
Our 2002 Employee Stock Purchase Plan designates offer periods, purchase periods and exercise dates. Offer periods will generally be overlapping periods of 24 months. Purchase periods will generally be
six-month periods. The initial purchase period will commence following the combination on a date designated by our board of directors and will end on a date no later than 27 months following the commencement date of the initial purchase period.
Thereafter, purchase periods will commence each February 1 and August 1. Exercise dates are the last day of each purchase period. In the event we merge with or into another corporation, sell all or substantially all of our assets, or enter into
other transactions in which all of our stockholders before the transaction own less than 50% of the total combined voting power of our outstanding securities following the transaction, our board of directors or a committee designated by the board
may elect to shorten the offer period then in progress.
On the first day of each offer period, a participating
employee will be granted a purchase right. A purchase right is a form of option that will be automatically exercised on the appropriate exercise date. During the purchase period, payroll deductions will be made with respect to participating
employees and the amounts deducted will be held to purchase our common stock at the end of the purchase period. The price per share at which shares of common stock are to be purchased under our 2002 Employee Stock Purchase Plan during any purchase
period is the lesser of:
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|
|
85% of the fair market value of our common stock on the date of the grant of the option, which is the commencement of the offer period; or
|
|
|
|
85% of the fair market value of our common stock on the exercise date, which is the last day of a purchase period.
|
The participants purchase right is exercised in this manner on each exercise date arising in the offer period unless, on the first
day of any purchase period, the fair market value of our common stock is lower than the fair market value of our common stock on the first day of the offer period. If so, the participants participation in the original offer period will be
terminated, and the participant will automatically be enrolled in the new offer period effective the same date.
Payroll deductions may range from 1% to 10% in whole percentage increments of a participants regular base pay and sales commissions, exclusive of bonuses, overtime, annual awards, other incentive payments, reimbursements or
other expense allowances, fringe benefits (cash and noncash), moving expenses, deferred compensation, third party sick or disability pay, income or gains attributable to restricted stock, stock options, stock appreciation rights or other similar
equity-based compensation, imputed income or other non-cash items, such as life insurance premiums and similar items, or contributions under any employee welfare or benefit plan, or certain other items. The maximum number of shares of common stock
that any employee may purchase under our 2002 Employee Stock Purchase Plan during an offer period is determined by dividing $50,000 by the fair market value of a share of common stock on the enrollment date for such offer period. No more than 25% of
the maximum number of shares which may be purchased during an offer period may be purchased during any single purchase period within the offer period. U.S. tax laws impose additional limitations on the amount of common stock that may be purchased
during any calendar year.
Our 2002 Employee Stock Purchase Plan will be administered by our board of directors or
a committee designated by our board, which will have the authority to terminate or amend our 2002 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, subject to specified restrictions, and otherwise to administer and resolve all questions relating to the administration
of our 2002 Employee Stock Purchase Plan.
112
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The following
table sets forth certain information known to us with respect to beneficial ownership of our common stock as of June 30, 2002 by:
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each person known by us to own beneficially more than 5% of the outstanding shares of common stock after the distribution of our common stock by DSP Group and
our combination with Parthus;
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each Named Executive Officer (see ManagementExecutive Compensation); and
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all current executive officers and directors as a group.
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Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission. In computing the number of shares beneficially owned by a person
and the percentage ownership of that person, shares of our common stock subject to options held by that person that are currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days of June 30, 2002 are deemed outstanding. Percentage of beneficial ownership
in DSP Group is based upon 27,057,993 shares of DSP Groups common stock outstanding as of June 30, 2002. Percentage of beneficial ownership in Parthus is based upon 590,605,690 ordinary shares of Parthus outstanding as of June 30, 2002.
Percentage of beneficial ownership in ParthusCeva is based upon 18,002,657 ParthusCeva common stock outstanding as of June 30, 2002. This calculation assumes that immediately upon the closing of the separation of the DSP cores licensing business
from DSP group and the combination of Ceva and Parthus, the existing stockholders of DSP Group will hold 50.1% or 9,019,331 shares, and the existing shareholders of Parthus will hold 49.9% or 8,983,326 shares, of the outstanding shares of common
stock of ParthusCeva (and is based on the number of shares of DSP Group common stock and the number of Parthus ordinary shares outstanding as of June 30, 2002).
To our knowledge, except as set forth in the footnotes to this table and subject to applicable community property laws, each person named in the table has sole voting and investment power with respect
to the shares set forth opposite such persons name. Except as otherwise indicated, the address of each of the persons in this table is as follows: c/o ParthusCeva, Inc., 2033 Gateway Place, Suite 150, San Jose, CA 95110-1002.
Name of Beneficial Owner
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Number of Shares of DSP Group
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Percentage ownership in DSP Group prior to transactions
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Number of Shares of Ceva
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Number of Shares of Parthus
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Percentage ownership in Parthus prior to transactions
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Number of Shares of ParthusCeva after transactions
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Percentage ownership in ParthusCeva after transactions(1)
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Eliyahu Ayalon(2)
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760,059
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2.7
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%
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600,000
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523,353
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2.83
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%
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Brian Long(3)
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110,442,422
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18.7
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%
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1,683,417
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9.35
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%
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Ollaberry Limited(4)
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100,492,422
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17.05
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%
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1,531,754
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8.5
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%
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Kevin Fielding(5)
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1,327,127
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*
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20,229
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*
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Zvi Limon(6)
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33,333
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*
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16,000
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7,200
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*
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Bruce Mann(7)
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8,000
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3,600
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*
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Sven-Christer Nilsson(8)
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249,990
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*
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3,810
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*
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Louis Silver(9)
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33,334
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*
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3,333
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*
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Gideon Wertheizer(10)
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138,124
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*
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112,500
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96,666
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*
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Eoin Gilley(11)
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994,260
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*
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15,155
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*
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Elaine Coughlan(12)
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856,650
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*
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13,057
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*
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William McLean(13)
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835,830
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*
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12,740
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*
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Issachar Ohana(14)
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19,185
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*
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28,000
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18,995
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*
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Bat-Sheva
Ovadia(15)
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61,288
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*
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28,000
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33,029
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*
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All directors and executive officers as a group(16)
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1,045,323
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3.7
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%
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792,500
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114,706,279
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19.3
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%
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2,434,584
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12.99
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%
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113
*
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Less than 1% of the outstanding shares of DSP Group, Parthus or ParthusCeva, as the case may be.
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(1)
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In connection with the separation of the DSP cores licensing business, DSP Group distributed all outstanding shares of our common stock it held to the DSP Group
stockholders, and we granted options to purchase an aggregate of 2,210,155 shares of our common stock to holders of DSP Group options. In addition, in connection with our combination with Parthus we issued 8,983,326 shares of our common stock to
former Parthus shareholders.
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(2)
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Includes 755,625 shares of DSP Groups common stock subject to options and 600,000 shares of Cevas common stock subject to options held by Mr. Ayalon
that are currently exercisable or will become exercisable within 60 days of June 30, 2002 (and a corresponding number of ParthusCeva shares subject to a similar option granted for each DSP Group option held by Mr. Ayalon as part of the separation
and combination).
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(3)
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Includes 280,000 Parthus ordinary shares held by Mr. Longs wife.
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(4)
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Consists entirely of shares held by Brian Long. Ollaberry Limited holds an option to purchase such shares from Mr. Long at any time.
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(5)
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Includes 1,320,970 Parthus ordinary shares subject to options held by Mr. Fielding that are currently exercisable or will become exercisable within 60 days of
June 30, 2002 (and the corresponding number of ParthusCeva shares subject to such option after the separation and combination).
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(6)
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Consists solely of 33,333 shares of DSP Groups common stock subject to options and 16,000 shares of Cevas common stock subject to options held by
Mr. Limon that are currently exercisable or will become exercisable within 60 days of June 30, 2002.
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(7)
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Consists solely of 8,000 shares of Cevas common stock subject to options held by Mr. Mann that are currently exercisable or will become exercisable within
60 days of June 30, 2002.
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(8)
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Consists solely of Parthus ordinary shares subject to options held by Mr. Nilsson that are currently exercisable or will become exercisable within 60 days of
June 30, 2002 (and the corresponding number of ParthusCeva shares subject to such option after the separation and combination).
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(9)
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Includes 23,334 shares of DSP Groups common stock subject to options held by Mr. Silver that are currently exercisable or will become exercisable within
60 days of June 30, 2002. Also includes 2,000 shares of DSP Groups common stock held by the Theodore J. Silver Trust of which Mr. Silver disclaims beneficial ownership and 8,000 shares of DSP Groups common stock held by the Adrienne
Silver Trust of which Mr. Silver disclaims beneficial ownership.
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(10)
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Consists solely of 138,124 shares of DSP Groups common stock subject to options and 112,500 shares of Cevas common stock subject to options held by
Mr. Wertheizer that are currently exercisable or will become exercisable within 60 days of June 30, 2002 (and a corresponding number of ParthusCeva shares subject to a similar option granted for each DSP Group option held by Mr. Wertheizer as part
of the separation and combination).
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(11)
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Includes 958,330 Parthus ordinary shares subject to options held by Mr. Gilley that are currently exercisable or will become exercisable within 60 days of June
30, 2002 (and the corresponding number of ParthusCeva shares subject to such option after the separation and combination).
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(12)
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Consists solely of shares of Parthus ordinary shares subject to options held by Ms. Coughlan that are currently exercisable or will become exercisable within 60
days of June 30, 2002 (and the corresponding number of ParthusCeva shares subject to such option after the separation and combination).
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(13)
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Consists solely of shares of Parthus ordinary shares subject to options held by Mr. McLean that are currently exercisable or will become exercisable within 60
days of June 30, 2002 (and the corresponding number of ParthusCeva shares subject to such option after the separation and combination).
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(14)
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Includes 19,185 shares of DSP Groups common stock subject to options and 28,000 shares of Ceva common stock subject to options held by Mr. Ohana that are
currently exercisable or will become exercisable within 60 days of June 30, 2002 (and a corresponding number of ParthusCeva shares subject to a similar option granted for each DSP Group option held by Mr. Ohana as part of the separation and
combination).
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114
(14)
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Includes 59,184 shares of DSP Groups common stock subject to options and 28,000 shares of Ceva common stock subject to options held by Ms. Ovadia that are
currently exercisable or will become exercisable within 60 days of June 30, 2002 (and a corresponding number of ParthusCeva shares subject to a similar option granted for each DSP Group option held by Ms. Ovadia as part of the separation and
combination).
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(15)
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Includes an aggregate of (a) 1,028,785 shares of DSP Groups common stock, (b) 792,500 shares of Cevas common stock, and (c) 4,221,770 ordinary
shares of Parthus, each subject to options that are currently exercisable or will become exercisable within 60 days of June 30, 2002.
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115
TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PARTIES
Option Grants, Agreements and Relationships with Executive Officers
and Directors
We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our executive officers and
directors, in addition to the indemnification provided in our bylaws. These agreements, among other things, provide for indemnification of our executive officers and directors for expenses, judgments, fines and settlement amounts incurred by any
such person in any action or proceeding arising out of such persons services as an executive officer or director at our request. We believe these provisions and agreements are necessary to attract and retain qualified persons as executive
officers and directors.
One of our directors, Bruce Mann, is a partner of Morrison & Foerster LLP, our legal
counsel.
Eli Ayalon, Chairman of our board of directors, is also a director and executive officer of DSP Group,
which will provide significant transition and other services to us after the separation. See Separation of DSP Cores Licensing Business from DSP Group.
For a description of compensation and option arrangements we have with our executive officers and officers, see ManagementExecutive Compensation.
We occupy premises in Dublin under the terms of a lease with Veton Properties Limited. The lease term is 25 years
from July 1, 1996 and has an annual rent of 380,922 (approximately $341,000). Brian Long is a minority shareholder of Veton Properties Limited.
Limitation of Liability and Indemnification Matters
See Description of Capital
StockLimitation of Directors and Officers Liability; Indemnification for a description of our indemnification obligations with respect to our directors and executive officers.
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK
Authorized and Outstanding Capital Stock
We are authorized to issue up to 105,000,000 shares of common stock. The following description of our capital stock is a summary only and
is qualified in its entirety by our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws, both of which were included as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.
Common Stock
As of June 30, 2002, there were
20,000,000 shares of common stock outstanding. Holders of common stock are entitled to one vote per share on all matters to be voted upon by the stockholders. The board of directors may declare a dividend out of funds legally available therefor and,
subject to preferences that may be applicable to any then-outstanding preferred stock and the terms of any future agreements with our debtholders, the holders of common stock are entitled to receive ratably any such dividends. In the event of our
liquidation, dissolution or winding up, subject to preferences that may be applicable to any then-outstanding preferred stock, holders of our common stock are entitled to share ratably in all of our assets legally available for distribution after
payment of all debts and other liabilities. Holders of our common stock have no preemptive rights or other subscription rights to convert their shares into any other securities. There are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the
common stock. All outstanding shares of common stock are fully paid and nonassessable.
Preferred Stock
We are authorized to issue up to 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock that will not be designated as a particular class. Our board of
directors will have the authority to issue the undesignated preferred stock in one or more series and to determine the powers, preferences and rights and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions
116
granted to or imposed upon any wholly unissued series of undesignated preferred stock and to fix the number of shares constituting any series and the designation of such series, without any
further vote or action by the stockholders. The issuance of preferred stock, while providing desirable flexibility in connection with possible acquisitions and other corporate purposes, could decrease the amount of earnings and assets available for
distribution to holders of common stock, and may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change of control of our company without further action by our stockholders and may adversely affect the voting and other rights of the holders
of our common stock. At present, we have no plans to issue any shares of preferred stock.
Material Differences between the
Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws of DSP Group and ParthusCeva
The provisions of our certificate of
incorporation and bylaws are substantially similar to those of DSP Group except as set forth below:
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DSP Groups certificate of incorporation and bylaws provide for the division of its board of directors into three classes. The term of office for each
class is three years, with staggered terms so that the term of Class I directors will expire at the annual meeting of stockholders in 2004, the term of Class II directors will expire at the annual meeting of stockholders in 2005 and the term of
Class III directors will expire at the annual meeting of stockholders in 2003. Because this system of electing and removing directors generally makes it more difficult for stockholders to replace a majority of the board of directors, it may
discourage a third party from making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to gain control of DSP Groups board of directors. Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws do not provide for any staggered board.
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Our bylaws provide that our directors may be removed, with or without cause, by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares
entitled to vote at an election of directors, whereas DSP Groups certificate of incorporation provides that its directors may be removed with cause by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the then-outstanding shares of stock
entitled to vote at an election of directors and without cause by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 66
2
/
3
% of the then-outstanding shares of stock entitled to vote at an election of directors. The higher percentage vote requirement to remove a DSP Group director without cause may discourage a third party from attempting to gain control
of DSP Groups board of directors.
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Our bylaws specifically provide that ParthusCeva shall have a management committee, consisting of the Chairman and Vice Chairman of our board of directors, our
President and Chief Executive Officer, and our Chief Technology Officer. Our Chief Financial Officer may attend meetings of the management committee on a non-voting basis. No member of the management committee may be removed (with or without cause)
and no person may be appointed to fill any vacancy on the management committee, without the affirmative vote of not less than six members of our board of directors. DSP Groups bylaws do not specifically provide for the establishment of a
management committee but its board of directors may establish such committees as may be permitted by Delaware law and those committees shall have such powers and perform the duties as may be prescribed by its board.
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Our bylaws provide that ParthusCeva shall have a compensation committee consisting of four non-executive members of our board of directors. Except for the
appointment of the initial members of the compensation committee, no member of the compensation committee may be removed, with or without cause, and no person may be appointed to fill any vacancy on the compensation committee, without the
affirmative vote of not less than six members of our board of directors. DSP Groups bylaws do not specifically provide for the establishment of a compensation committee but it currently has a compensation committee in existence, whose members
may be appointed or removed by a majority of its board.
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Our bylaws provide that our board of directors may, by a vote of not less than six directors, from time to time appoint such other committees as may be
permitted by Delaware law. As discussed above, DSP Groups bylaws similarly provide that its board of directors may appoint such committees as may be permitted by Delaware law but does not require a vote of not less than six directors to
establish any such committees.
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117
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Our bylaws provide that no persons named to the following positions may be removed, with or without cause, and no person may be named to fill any vacancy in the
following positions, without the approval of not less than six members of our board of directors: Chairman of the board of directors; Vice Chairman of the board of directors; President and Chief Executive Officer; Executive Vice
PresidentBusiness Development and Chief Technology Officer; Chief Operating Officer; Chief Financial Officer; Vice PresidentSales; General Manager of the DSP Intellectual Property Licensing Division; and Chief ScientistDSP
Technologies. DSP Group's bylaws do not provide for any such arrangement with respect to appointment and removal of its officers.
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Anti-takeover Effects of Provisions of Our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws and Delaware Law
Some provisions of Delaware law and some provisions which we have adopted in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws could make the following difficult:
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acquisition of ParthusCeva by means of a tender offer,
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acquisition of ParthusCeva by means of a proxy contest or otherwise, or
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removal of our incumbent officers and directors.
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These provisions, summarized below, are expected to discourage coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids. These provisions are also designed to encourage persons seeking to acquire
control of us to first negotiate with our board of directors. We believe that the benefits of increased protection of our potential ability to negotiate with the proponent of an unfriendly or unsolicited proposal to acquire or restructure us
outweigh the disadvantages of discouraging such proposals because negotiation of such proposals could result in an improvement of their terms.
Stockholder Meetings
. Under our bylaws, only the board of directors, the chairman of the board and the president will be able to call special meetings of stockholders.
Requirements for Advance Notification of Stockholder Nominations and Proposals
. Our
bylaws establish advance notice procedures with respect to stockholder proposals and the nomination of candidates for election as directors, other than nominations made by or at the direction of the board of directors or a committee of the board of
directors.
Elimination of Stockholder Action By Written Consent.
Our certificate of
incorporation eliminates the right of stockholders to act by written consent without a meeting.
Undesignated
Preferred Stock.
The ability to authorize undesignated preferred stock makes it possible for our board of directors to issue preferred stock with voting or other rights or preferences that could impede the success of any
attempt to change control of our company.
Delaware Anti-Takeover Law
. We are
subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, an anti-takeover law. In general, Section 203 prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in a business combination with an interested
stockholder for a period of three years following the date the person became an interested stockholder, unless the business combination or the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder is approved in a
prescribed manner. Generally, a business combination includes a merger, asset or stock sale, or other transaction resulting in a financial benefit to the interested stockholder. Generally, an interested stockholder is a
person who, together with affiliates and associates, owns or within three years prior to the determination of interested stockholder status did own, 15% or more of a corporations voting stock. The existence of this provision may have an
anti-takeover effect with respect to transactions not approved in advance by the board of directors, including discouraging attempts that might result in a premium over the market price for the shares of our common stock held by stockholders.
Amendment of Charter Provisions
. The amendment of any of the above provisions would
require approval by holders of at least a majority of the outstanding common stock.
118
Limitation of Directors and Officers Liability; Indemnification
Our Certificate of Incorporation includes provisions that limit the personal liability of our officers and directors for
monetary damages for breach of their fiduciary duties as directors, except for liability that cannot be eliminated under the Delaware General Corporation Law. The Delaware General Corporation Law does not permit a provision in a corporations
certificate of incorporation that would eliminate such liability (i) for any breach of their duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders, (ii) for acts or omissions not in good faith or that involve intentional misconduct or a knowing
violation of law, (iii) for any unlawful payment of a dividend or unlawful stock repurchase or redemption, as provided in Section 174 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, or (iv) for any transaction from which the director derived an improper
personal benefit.
While these provisions provide directors with protection from awards for monetary damages for
breaches of their duty of care, they do not eliminate such duty. Accordingly, these provisions will have no effect on the availability of equitable remedies such as an injunction or rescission based on a directors breach of his or her duty of
care. The provisions described above apply to an officer of a corporation only if he or she is a director of such corporation and is acting in his or her capacity as director, and do not apply to the officers of the corporation who are not
directors.
Our Bylaws provide that, to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law, we
may indemnify our directors, officers, employees and agents. In addition, we have entered into an indemnification agreement pursuant to which we will indemnify such director to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law.
These agreements, among other things, provide for the indemnification of our directors and officers for certain expenses (including attorneys fees), judgments, fines and settlement amounts incurred by any such person in any action or
proceeding, including any action by or in the right of ParthusCeva, arising out of such persons services as a director or officer of ParthusCeva or any other company or enterprise to which such person provides services at our request to the
fullest extent permitted by applicable law. We believe that these provisions and agreements will assist us in attracting and retaining qualified persons to serve as directors and officers. At present, there is no pending litigation or proceeding
involving any of our directors or officers in which indemnification is required or permitted, and we are not aware of any threatened litigation or proceeding that may result in a claim for such indemnification.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling
persons of ParthusCeva in accordance with the provisions contained in our charter documents, Delaware law or otherwise, we have been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission this indemnification is against public policy
as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. If a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by us of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of ParthusCeva in
the successful defense of any action, suit, or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person, we will, unless in the opinion of our counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of
appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by us is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and we will follow the courts determination.
We maintain insurance on behalf of our officers and directors, insuring them against liabilities that they may incur in such capacities or arising out of such status.
Listing
We have filed applications to list our common stock on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol PCVA and on the London Stock Exchange under the symbol PCV.
Transfer Agent and Registrar
The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is American Stock Transfer & Trust Company. Its address is 6201 15th Street, Brooklyn, NY 11215, and its telephone number is +1-718-921-8145 or +1-800-937-5449.
119
SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE
Except as described below, all of the shares of
our common stock distributed by DSP Group to its stockholders and issued by us to the former Parthus shareholders will be freely tradable without restriction under the Securities Act unless the shares are distributed or issued to persons deemed to
be our affiliates, as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act or affiliates of Parthus prior to the completion of the combination pursuant to Rule 145 under the Securities Act, each as described in further detail below.
Rule 144
In general, under Rule 144, a person (or persons whose shares are aggregated) who has beneficially owned shares for at least one year is entitled to sell within any three-moth period a number of shares
that does not exceed the greater of:
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1% of the then outstanding shares of our common stock, or
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the average weekly trading volume during the four calendar weeks preceding such sale, subject to the filing of a Form 144 with respect to the sale.
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A person (or persons whose shares are aggregated) who is not deemed to have been our affiliate
at any time during the 90 days immediately preceding the sale who has beneficially owned his or her shares for at least two years is entitled to sell these shares pursuant to Rule 144(k) without regard to the limitations described above.
Affiliates must always sell pursuant to Rule 144, even after the applicable holding periods have been satisfied.
We cannot estimate the number of shares that will be sold under Rule 144, as this will depend on the market price for our common stock, the personal circumstances of the sellers and other factors.
Rule 145
The shares of our common stock issued to former Parthus shareholders in connection with the combination are not being registered under the Securities Act or the securities laws of any state of the United States. Such securities are
instead being issued in reliance upon the exemption provided by Section 3(a)(10) of the Securities Act and applicable exemptions under state securities laws. Securities issued in connection with the combination are freely transferable under U.S.
federal securities laws, except for securities held by persons who are deemed to be affiliates of Parthus prior to completion of the combination. Such securities held by affiliates may be resold by them only in compliance
with the resale provisions of Rule 145 promulgated under the Securities Act or as otherwise permitted under the Securities Act.
We will grant shares of our common stock pursuant to our 2002 Stock Incentive Plan. See ManagementStock Plans2002 Stock Incentive Plan. We currently expect to file a registration statement on Form S-8 under
the Securities Act to register shares reserved for issuance under our 2000 Stock Incentive Plan, our 2002 Stock Incentive Plan, our 2002 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, the Parthus 2000 Share Option Plan and the Parthus-Chicory Systems, Inc. 1999
Employee Stock Option/Stock Issuance Plan.
120
We have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
(the Commission), Washington, D.C. 20549, a Registration Statement on Form S-1 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, with respect to the common stock registered hereby. This prospectus does not contain all of the information set
forth in the Registration Statement and the exhibits and schedules thereto. Certain items are omitted in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Commission. For further information with respect to ParthusCeva and our common stock offered
hereby, reference is made to the Registration Statement and the exhibits and schedules filed as a part thereof. Statements contained in this prospectus as to the contents of any agreement or any other document referred to are not necessarily
complete, and, in each instance, if such agreement or document is filed as an exhibit, reference is made to the copy of such agreement or document filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement, each such statement being qualified in all respects
by such reference to such exhibit. The Registration Statement, including exhibits and schedules thereto, may be inspected without charge at the public reference facilities maintained by the Commission in Room 1024, 450 Fifth Street, N.W.,
Washington, D.C. 20549, and at the Commissions regional offices in Chicago, Illinois and New York, New York, and copies of all or any part thereof may be obtained from such office after payment of fees prescribed by the Commission. The
Commission maintains a web site at http://www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and prospectuss and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the Commission.
The validity of the common stock distributed hereby and certain
other legal matters in connection with this distribution will be passed upon for us by Morrison & Foerster LLP, San Francisco, California.
Kost, Forer & Gabbay, a member of Ernst & Young Global,
independent auditors, have audited our consolidated financial statements at December 31, 2000 and 2001, and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2001, as set forth in their report. We have included our financial statements
elsewhere in this prospectus and in the registration statement in reliance of Kost, Forer & Gabbays report, given on their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
The consolidated financial statements of Parthus Technologies plc as of December 31, 2001 and 2000, and for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31,
2001, have been included herein and in the registration statement in reliance upon the report of KPMG, independent chartered accountants, appearing elsewhere herein, and upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
121
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
In U.S. Dollars
Unaudited
INDEX
|
|
Page
|
|
Interim Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2002 and December 31, 2001
|
|
F-2
|
|
Interim Consolidated Statements of Income for the six months ended June 30, 2001 and 2002
|
|
F-4
|
|
Interim Statements of Changes in Stockholders Equity and Parent Company Investment for the six months ended
June 30, 2001 and 2002
|
|
F-5
|
|
Interim Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2001 and 2002
|
|
F-6
|
|
Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for the six months ended June 30, 2001 and 2002
|
|
F-7
|
|
Report of Independent Auditors for the years ended December 31, 1999, 2000 and 2001
|
|
F-15
|
|
Consolidated Balance Sheets for the years ended December 31, 2000 and 2001
|
|
F-16
|
|
Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 1999, 2000 and 2001
|
|
F-18
|
|
Statements of Changes in Stockholders Equity and Parent Company Investment for the years ended December 31, 1999,
2000 and 2001
|
|
F-19
|
|
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 1999, 2000 and 2001
|
|
F-20
|
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for the years ended December 31, 1999, 2000 and 2001
|
|
F-21
|
F-1
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
INTERIM CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
U.S. dollars in thousands
|
|
December 31, 2001
|
|
June 30, 2002
|
|
|
Note 1c
|
|
Unaudited
|
ASSETS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trade receivables
|
|
$
|
8,115
|
|
$
|
8,683
|
Other accounts receivable and prepaid expenses
|
|
|
319
|
|
|
1,592
|
Deferred income taxes
|
|
|
240
|
|
|
240
|
Inventories
|
|
|
50
|
|
|
125
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current assets
|
|
|
8,724
|
|
|
10,640
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-Term Investment:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Severance pay fund
|
|
|
1,084
|
|
|
1,197
|
Long-term lease deposits
|
|
|
190
|
|
|
209
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,274
|
|
|
1,406
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property And Equipment, Net
|
|
|
2,199
|
|
|
2,498
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets
|
|
$
|
12,197
|
|
$
|
14,544
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the interim consolidated financial statements.
F-2
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
INTERIM CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
U.S. dollars
in thousands (except share data)
|
|
December 31, 2001
|
|
June 30, 2002
|
|
|
Note 1c
|
|
Unaudited
|
LIABILITIES, STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY AND PARENT COMPANY INVESTMENT
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CURRENT LIABILITIES
:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trade payables
|
|
$
|
707
|
|
$
|
1,582
|
Employees and payroll accruals
|
|
|
2,006
|
|
|
1,528
|
Income tax payable
|
|
|
3,496
|
|
|
783
|
Accrued expenses
|
|
|
519
|
|
|
630
|
Deferred revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
62
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current liabilities
|
|
|
6,728
|
|
|
4,585
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accrued Severance pay
|
|
|
1,124
|
|
|
1,221
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY AND PARENT COMPANY INVESTMENT:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common Stock:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ 0.001 par value: 100,000,000 and 105,000,000 shares authorized at December 31, 2001, and June 30, 2002,
respectively; 20,000,000 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2001 and June 30, 2002
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
20
|
Parent company investment
|
|
|
4,325
|
|
|
8,718
|
Retained earnings
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total stockholders equity and Parent company investment
|
|
|
4,345
|
|
|
8,738
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities, stockholders equity and Parent company investment
|
|
$
|
12,197
|
|
$
|
14,544
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the interim consolidated financial statements.
F-3
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
INTERIM CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
U.S.
dollars in thousands
|
|
Six months
ended
June 30,
|
|
Three months
ended
June 30,
|
|
|
2001
|
|
2002
|
|
2001
|
|
2002
|
|
|
Unaudited
|
Revenues:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Licenses and royalties
|
|
$
|
10,666
|
|
$
|
6,995
|
|
$
|
5,856
|
|
$
|
3,782
|
Technical support, maintenance and other
|
|
|
2,322
|
|
|
1,687
|
|
|
1,164
|
|
|
804
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues
|
|
|
12,988
|
|
|
8,682
|
|
|
7,020
|
|
|
4,586
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of revenues
|
|
|
607
|
|
|
616
|
|
|
341
|
|
|
305
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit
|
|
|
12,381
|
|
|
8,066
|
|
|
6,679
|
|
|
4,281
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development, net
|
|
|
2,688
|
|
|
3,216
|
|
|
1,481
|
|
|
1,566
|
Sales and marketing
|
|
|
1,330
|
|
|
1,493
|
|
|
702
|
|
|
790
|
General and administrative
|
|
|
1,354
|
|
|
1,355
|
|
|
674
|
|
|
662
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
5,372
|
|
|
6,064
|
|
|
2,857
|
|
|
3,018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income
|
|
|
7,009
|
|
|
2,002
|
|
|
3,822
|
|
|
1,263
|
Financial income, net
|
|
|
221
|
|
|
50
|
|
|
115
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before taxes on income
|
|
|
7,230
|
|
|
2,052
|
|
|
3,937
|
|
|
1,295
|
Taxes on income
|
|
|
1,123
|
|
|
542
|
|
|
265
|
|
|
300
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
|
$
|
6,107
|
|
$
|
1,510
|
|
$
|
3,672
|
|
$
|
995
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an
integral part of the interim consolidated financial statements.
F-4
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
INTERIM STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
AND PARENT COMPANY INVESTMENT
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share data)
|
|
Common stock
|
|
Parent company investment
|
|
Retained earnings
|
|
|
Total stockholders equity and Parent company investment
|
|
|
|
Shares
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
|
Balance as of January 1, 2001 (Note 1c)
|
|
20,000,000
|
|
$
|
20
|
|
$
|
2,000
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
2,020
|
|
Net income (unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6,107
|
|
|
|
6,107
|
|
Capital return to Parent Company (unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(6,107
|
)
|
|
|
(6,107
|
)
|
Contribution from Parent Company (unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,234
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,234
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of June 30, 2001 (unaudited)
|
|
20,000,000
|
|
$
|
20
|
|
$
|
5,234
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
5,254
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock
|
|
Parent company investment
|
|
Retained earnings
|
|
|
Total stockholders equity and Parent company investment
|
|
|
|
Shares
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
|
Balance as of January 1, 2002 (Note 1c)
|
|
20,000,000
|
|
$
|
20
|
|
$
|
4,325
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
4,345
|
|
Net income (unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,510
|
|
|
|
1,510
|
|
Capital return to Parent Company (unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,510
|
)
|
|
|
(1,510
|
)
|
Contribution from Parent Company (unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,393
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,393
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of June 30, 2002 (unaudited)
|
|
20,000,000
|
|
$
|
20
|
|
$
|
8,718
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
8,738
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the interim consolidated financial statements.
F-5
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
INTERIM CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
U.S. dollars in thousands
|
|
Six months ended June 30,
|
|
|
|
2001
|
|
|
2002
|
|
|
|
Unaudited
|
|
Cash flows from operating activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
|
$
|
6,107
|
|
|
$
|
1,510
|
|
Adjustments required to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
244
|
|
|
|
453
|
|
Increase in trade receivables
|
|
|
(437
|
)
|
|
|
(568
|
)
|
Decrease (increase) in other accounts receivable and prepaid expenses
|
|
|
90
|
|
|
|
(1,273
|
)
|
Increase in inventories
|
|
|
(92
|
)
|
|
|
(75
|
)
|
Increase in trade payables
|
|
|
231
|
|
|
|
875
|
|
Decrease in employees and payroll accruals
|
|
|
(180
|
)
|
|
|
(478
|
)
|
Increase (decrease) in accrued expenses
|
|
|
(26
|
)
|
|
|
111
|
|
Decrease in income tax payable
|
|
|
(2,324
|
)
|
|
|
(2,713
|
)
|
Increase in deferred revenues
|
|
|
62
|
|
|
|
62
|
|
Increase (decrease) in accrued severance pay, net
|
|
|
11
|
|
|
|
(16
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
|
|
|
3,686
|
|
|
|
(2,112
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from investing activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase of property and equipment
|
|
|
(729
|
)
|
|
|
(752
|
)
|
Investment in long term lease deposits, net
|
|
|
(84
|
)
|
|
|
(19
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in investing activities
|
|
|
(813
|
)
|
|
|
(771
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from financing activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital returned to Parent Company
|
|
|
(6,107
|
)
|
|
|
(1,510
|
)
|
Contribution from Parent Company
|
|
|
3,234
|
|
|
|
4,393
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
|
|
|
(2,873
|
)
|
|
|
2,883
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Changes in cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the interim consolidated
financial statements.
F-6
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands
NOTE 1:GENERAL
a. Background:
Ceva, Inc. (the Company) is currently a wholly-owned subsidiary of DSP Group, Inc. (the Parent). These financial statements reflect the transfer by the Parent of the DSP cores licensing business and operations
and the related assets and liabilities of such businesses and operations to the Company immediately prior to the spin-off of the Company to the stockholders of the Parent (the Separation).
The Company is engaged in the development and license of designs for programmable digital signal processor cores (DSP Cores).
A programmable DSP Core is a special purpose, software-controlled processor that, through complex mathematical calculations, analyzes, manipulates and enhances voice, audio and video signals. The programmable DSP Cores that the Company designs are
used as the central processor in semiconductor chips made for specific applications. These chips are used in a wide variety of electronic devices, including digital cellular telephones, modems, hard disk drives, MP3 players and digital cameras, and
are critical to the performance of the electronic products in which they are used.
The Company licenses its
software to semiconductor companies throughout the world. These semiconductor companies then manufacture, market and sell custom-designed chips to system original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) of a variety of electronic products. The Company also
licenses its software directly to system OEMs.
The Company was incorporated in Delaware in November 1999. It
currently has outstanding 20,000,000 shares of Common Stock, $0.001 par value, all of which are owned by the Parent. The Company was incorporated under the name DSP Cores, Inc. and changed its name to Corage, Inc. in 2001 and changed its name again
to Ceva, Inc. in April 2002. The Company had no business or operations prior to the transfer of the DSP cores licensing business and operations from the Parent.
After the Separation, the Company will have two wholly-owned subsidiaries: DSP Ceva, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and Corage, Ltd., an Israeli company, which will be primarily engaged in research and
development, marketing, sales, technical support and certain general and administrative functions associated with the Companys activities.
Prior to the Combination (see Note 5), the Parent will transfer to the Company assets including intellectual property and liabilities related to the DSP cores licensing business and operations, as well
as an amount equal to the sum of $40 million in cash plus cash equal to the amount by which the transaction costs of the Separation and Combination exceed $2 million for the issuance by the Company of 1,000 shares of common stock. The identification
of the assets and liabilities to be transferred was agreed upon between the parties pursuant to the Separation Agreement (See Note 5) and related documents entered into by and between the Company, the Parent and certain of the Parents
subsidiaries, and are not necessarily indicative of the balances of the related assets and liabilities presented in the accompanying financial statements.
b. Basis of presentation:
The
Companys financial statements include the licensing business and operations of the Parent which have been carved out from the financial statements of the Parent using the historical results of operations and historical bases of the assets and
liabilities of the DSP Group business that it comprises. The consolidated financial statements reflect the assets, liabilities, results of operations, financial positions, changes in stockholders equity, Parent company investment, and
cashflows (the Companys Business) as if the Company and its subsidiaries
F-7
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
U.S. dollars in thousands
were separate entities for all periods presented. The balances of the assets and liabilities presented in the accompanying financial statements are not necessarily indicative of the balances of
the assets and liabilities to be transferred upon the Separation.
Changes in Parent investment represent the
Parents contribution of its net investment after giving effect to the net income of the Company plus net cash transfers to or from the Parent. Based on the Separation Agreement and related documents between the Company, the Parent and certain
of the Parents subsidiaries, upon the Separation, Parent and the Company shall jointly calculate the net investment account and the Company shall pay to Parent, or Parent shall pay to the Company, as the case may be, the net amount thereof.
The Company will begin accumulating its retained earnings on the date on which the Parent transfers to the
Company all of the assets and liabilities relating to the Companys Business.
The transfer of assets,
liabilities and operations of the Companys Business from the Parent is a reorganization of entities under common control and has been accounted for in a manner similar to a pooling of interests. Accordingly, the financial statements of the
Company have been restated to include the Company Business as if it had always been operated as a separate entity.
Additionally, the consolidated financial statements include allocations of certain Parent corporate headquarters assets, liabilities and expenses relating to the
Companys Business. Management believes these allocations are reasonable. All material intercompany transactions and balances between the Companys subsidiaries have been eliminated.
The Company utilized services from certain employees of the Parent in Japan and France who performed marketing and technical support activities and whose costs were
allocated to the Company.
The statements of income include the costs directly attributable to the Companys
Business, including charges for shared facilities, functions and services used by the Companys Business. Certain costs and expenses have been allocated based on managements estimates of the costs of services provided to the
Companys Business. Such costs include research and development costs, sales and marketing, and general and administrative expenses. These allocations and charges are based on either a direct cost pass-through or a percentage of total costs for
the services provided based on factors such as headcount or the specific level of activity directly related to such costs.
Payroll and related expenses, such as vacation, bonuses and compensation expenses, relating to the Companys sales and marketing and research and development activities were attributed on a specific identification basis.
Depreciation expenses were attributed based on the specific fixed assets attributed to the Company. General and administrative expenses, including corporate and officers salaries and related expenses, were attributed to the Company based on
estimated weighted ratio composed of the percentage of time that each of the administration employees spent on the Companys Business. Rent, maintenance and other administrative expenses were attributed based on the relevant ratios such as
square footage and headcount. Other general and administrative expenses, such as legal and accounting fees, were attributed based on management estimations.
Management believes that the foregoing allocations were made on a reasonable basis and would not have been materially different if the Company had operated as a stand-alone entity for all periods
presented; however, the allocations of costs and expenses do not necessarily indicate the costs that would have been or will be incurred by the Company on a stand-alone basis.
F-8
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
U.S. dollars in thousands
Also, the financial information included in the consolidated
financial statements may not necessarily reflect the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company in the future or what the financial position and results of operations would have been had it been a separate, stand-alone
company during the years presented.
Interest income shown in the consolidated financial statements reflects the
interest income associated with the aggregate Parent company investment amount and is based on the Companys operating income for each period, using weighted average interest rates for the applicable period of 3.51% and 2.5% on an annual basis
for the periods ended June 30, 2001 and June 30, 2002, respectively.
All of the Companys net income
recorded during the periods presented was returned to the Parent as part of the Parent company investment account.
c. The consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2001 and the balances of stockholders equity and Parent company investment as of December 31, 2000 and 2001, are derived from the audited consolidated
financial statements as of December 31, 2001.
d. For major customerssee Note 4(b).
NOTE 2:SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The significant accounting policies applied in the annual consolidated financial statements of the Company as of December 31, 2001 have been applied consistently in these
financial statements.
NOTE 3:UNAUDITED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The accompanying unaudited financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information.
Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals)
considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the six and for the three months ended June 30, 2002 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2002.
NOTE 4:GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION AND MAJOR CUSTOMER DATA
a. Summary information about geographic areas:
The Company manages its business on a basis of one industry segment, the development and license of designs for programmable Digital Signal Processors (DSP) cores (See Note 1 for a brief description of
the Companys Business ) and follows the requirements of Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 131, Disclosures About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information (SFAS 131).
F-9
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
The following is a summary of operations within geographic areas:
|
|
Six months ended June 30,
|
|
|
2001
|
|
2002
|
|
|
(Unaudited)
|
Revenues based on customer location:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United States
|
|
$
|
3,175
|
|
$
|
2,940
|
Japan
|
|
|
2,413
|
|
|
705
|
Europe
|
|
|
4,905
|
|
|
2,610
|
Asia (Excluding Japan and Israel)
|
|
|
2,472
|
|
|
771
|
Israel
|
|
|
23
|
|
|
1,656
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
12,988
|
|
$
|
8,682
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
2001
|
|
2002
|
|
|
(Unaudited)
|
Long-lived assets by geographical region:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United States
|
|
$
|
37
|
|
$
|
35
|
Israel
|
|
|
2,084
|
|
|
2,564
|
Other
|
|
|
56
|
|
|
108
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
2,177
|
|
$
|
2,707
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b. Major customer data as a percentage of
total revenues:
|
|
Six months ended June 30,
|
|
|
|
2001
|
|
|
2002
|
|
|
|
(Unaudited)
|
|
Customer A
|
|
*)
|
|
|
19
|
%
|
Customer B
|
|
*)
|
|
|
14
|
%
|
Customer C
|
|
*)
|
|
|
12
|
%
|
Customer D
|
|
21
|
%
|
|
*)
|
|
Customer E
|
|
18
|
%
|
|
*)
|
|
Customer F
|
|
17
|
%
|
|
*)
|
|
Customer G
|
|
15
|
%
|
|
*)
|
|
*)
|
|
Represents a percentage less than 10%
|
NOTE 5:COMBINATION WITH PARTHUS
On April 4, 2002, the Parent, the Company and
Parthus Technologies plc (Parthus) entered into a combination agreement (the Combination Agreement) pursuant to which Parthus and the Company agreed to effect a combination of their businesses, whereby the Parent contributes
the DSP cores licensing business and operations and the related assets and liabilities of such business and operations to the Company and Parthus is acquired by the Company in exchange for the Common Stock of the Company (the
Combination). The combined company will be renamed ParthusCeva, Inc. (ParthusCeva).
F-10
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
U.S. dollars in thousands
The Parent will distribute 100% of the equity of the Company it holds
pro-rata to the Parents stockholders. Immediately following the separation and distribution of stock to the Parents stockholders and pursuant to the Combination, the Company will issue its Common Stock to the existing shareholders of
Parthus and Parthus will become a subsidiary of the Company. As a result of these transactions, the stockholders of the Company will hold shares representing approximately 50.1% of the Common Stock of ParthusCeva and the former shareholders of
Parthus will hold shares representing approximately 49.9% of the Common Stock of ParthusCeva.
Per a ruling
obtained from the U.S. Internal Revenue Service, the separation and distribution of Cevas common stock to the stockholders of DSP Group will be a tax-free reorganization. The following agreements were signed with respect to the mentioned
transactions:
Separation Agreement:
The separation agreement provides for the transfer to Ceva of assets and liabilities from DSP Group related to the DSP cores licensing business in exchange for the issuance
by Ceva to DSP Group of 1,000 shares of Ceva common stock on the separation date. Further, the separation agreement provides for DSP Groups Israeli subsidiary, DSP Group, Ltd., to transfer all of the share capital of Corage, Ltd, an Israeli
company, to DSP Group, which DSP Group then contributed to Ceva. Ceva subsequently contributed all of the Corage, Ltd. share capital to DSP Ceva, Inc., our wholly-owned subsidiary. Upon the closing of the combination, DSP Ceva, Inc. changed its name
to DSP ParthusCeva, Inc. and Corage, Ltd. changed its name to ParthusCeva, Ltd.
After its contribution of assets
to Ceva, DSP Group surrendered shares of Cevas Common Stock it held to Ceva without consideration, to adjust the number of shares of Cevas Common Stock held by DSP Group and then distributed the remaining shares of Ceva Common stock it
held to the DSP Group stockholders on the basis of one share of Ceva common stock for every three shares of DSP Groups common stock held by such stockholder on the record dated for the distribution. Following the distribution, Ceva acquired
Parthus pursuant to a scheme of arrangement.
The Contribution.
As part of the assets contributed to us in the separation, DSP Group also contributed to us a total of the sum of $40 million as initial
working capital plus cash equal to the amount by which the transaction costs of the separation and combination exceeded $2 million. In addition, as part of the separation and distribution and pursuant to the terms of the separation agreement, Ceva
and DSP Group agreed to settle the intercompany investment account between them by (i) converting part of DSP Groups investment account in Ceva (consisting of the value of the property, equipment and inventory) into Cevas
stockholders equity, (ii) allowing DSP Group to retain all rights to Cevas accounts receivable existing on the date of the separation, and (iii) having DSP Group retain certain of Cevas current liabilities existing on the date of
separation, such that the settlement arrangement results in the net amount of assets retained by DSP Group to equal the amount of the intercompany account on the date of separation (as of June 30, 2002, approximately $8.7 million).
The Distribution.
DSP Group distributed all of the shares of Cevas common stock outstanding on the separation date to its stockholders on a pro rata basis. No fractional shares was issued in the distribution.
Instead, DSP Group stockholders received cash for any fractional shares of Cevas common stock held by them.
F-11
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
Representations, warranties, covenants and indemnification
regarding the distribution.
The separation agreement contains representations and warranties from DSP Group
and Ceva as to the accuracy of facts and representations made by DSP Group, Ceva and Parthus in connection with the tax rulings issued by the Internal Revenue Service in connection with the separation, distribution and combination. Under the
separation agreement, ParthusCeva has agreed that (i) during the two-year period following completion of the distribution, ParthusCeva will not liquidate, dispose of or discontinue a substantial portion of the active trade or business of
the Company, or dispose of any business or assets in a manner inconsistent with the business purpose for the distribution, or (ii) during the one-year period following completion of the distribution, ParthusCeva will not agree to or undertake a
proposed acquisition transaction (as defined in the separation agreement), unless the requirements set forth in the separation agreement are satisfied.
Under the terms of the separation agreement, ParthusCeva has agreed to indemnify DSP Group and its affiliates for any tax liability incurred by DSP Group as a result of ParthusCevas breach of any
representation, warranties or covenants made in the separation agreement with respect to the tax matters listed in the separation agreement.
In addition, each of the parties has agreed to indemnify the other with respect to the failure to pay, perform or discharge any liabilities for which it is responsible under the separation agreement,
breach any of the terms of the separation agreement and the ancillary agreements associated with the separation agreement or breach any of the covenants or obligations of the combination agreement.
The rights and obligations detailed above will survive until 30 days following the expiration of the applicable statute of limitations.
There are no limitations on the rights and obligations relating to the amount of any claim for indemnification.
Expenses.
Each party to the separation agreement will bear its own respective third party
fees, costs and expenses paid or incurred in connection with the transactions.
Various ancillary agreements
detail the separation and various interim and ongoing relationships among DSP Group, its subsidiaries, ParthusCeva and its subsidiaries. These agreements are described more fully below.
Ceva Technology Transfer Agreement
The Ceva
technology transfer agreement identifies the assets, including intellectual property, that DSP Group transferred to Ceva and the liabilities that Ceva assumed from DSP Group in the separation in exchange for issuance by Ceva to DSP Group of shares
of its common stock.
DSP Ceva Technology Transfer Agreement
The DSP Ceva technology transfer agreement implements the transfer from ParthusCeva to its wholly-owned subsidiary, DSP Ceva, of the assets transferred by DSP Group to Ceva
and the assumption by DSP Ceva of liabilities assumed by Ceva from DSP Group in the separation in exchange for the issuance by DSP Ceva to Ceva of shares in its share capital.
F-12
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
Transition Services Agreement Among DSP Group, DSP Ceva and ParthusCeva
The transition services agreement governs the provision of transitional services by DSP Group to ParthusCeva and to DSP Ceva
after the separation date. DSP Group is obligated to provide certain general and administrative services, including management and information services and network, hardware and software maintenance and support, to ParthusCeva and to DSP Ceva.
ParthusCeva and DSP Ceva are obligated to pay DSP Group an agreed amount.
The term of the transition services
agreement commences on the date of the separation agreement and continues until such time as DSP Group is no longer required to provide any transition services.
During the first year following the separation date, and for so long thereafter as the parties agree, ParthusCeva and DSP Ceva will occupy and utilize portions of DSP Groups facilities.
ParthusCeva and DSP Ceva are obligated to pay an agreed amount to DSP Group for their respective pro rata shares of the rent and other costs of occupying and operating these facilities.
Tax Indemnification and Allocation Agreement
Ceva was included as part of DSP Groups consolidated group for federal income tax purposes until the separation date. In general, under the U.S. Internal Revenue Code, each member of a consolidated group is jointly and
severally liable for the federal income tax liability of each other member of the consolidated group.
Pursuant
negotiations between DSP Group and Parthus to allocate the responsibilities between ParthusCeva and DSP Group for tax liabilities that may be asserted in the future, in addition to the indemnification provided in the separation agreement,
ParthusCeva have entered into a tax indemnification and allocation agreement with DSP Group pursuant to which DSP Group will be liable for, and will indemnify ParthusCeva for, any federal income tax related to the consolidated return for all periods
ending on or before the distribution date. Under that agreement, each of ParthusCeva and DSP Group will each be liable for, and shall indemnify the other against, its respective liability for federal income tax for subsequent periods after the
distribution.
Voting Agreements
As a condition to the combination of Parthus and Ceva, certain stockholders have entered into individual voting agreements with ParthusCeva. These agreements, which cover approximately 20.2% of the
outstanding stock of ParthusCeva as of the date of the combination (although the voting agreements apply to any additional shares subsequently acquired by such stockholders, including upon exercise of options), provide that the stockholders that
entered into the voting agreements will vote all of his or her ParthusCeva shares for the ParthusCeva nominees to its board or directors and, with respect to all other matters to be voted on by the stockholders, either in accordance with the
recommendations of the ParthusCeva board of directors or, if the board of directors makes no recommendation, for or against such matters in the same proportion as the shares owned by all other stockholders. Each voting agreement terminates upon the
earlier of two years from the date of the agreement, the sale of all or substantially all of ParthusCeva assets or a consolidation or merger of ParthusCeva as a result of which its stockholders prior to such a consolidation or merger hold less than
50% of the voting equity of the surviving or resulting entity, a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the ParthusCeva business operations, the execution by ParthusCeva of a general assignment for the benefit of creditors or the appointment of a
receiver or trustee to take possession of its property and assets.
F-13
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
Combination Agreement
Pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Combination Agreement, Parthus and the Company will effect a combination of their businesses, whereby, immediately after the
separation and distribution of the Companys Common Stock by the Parent to its stockholders, Parthus will be acquired by the Company in exchange for the Common Stock of the Company. The newly combined company will be renamed ParthusCeva and its
Common Stock will be quoted on the Nasdaq National Market and traded on the London Stock Exchange upon receipt of relevant approvals.
The combination will be effected through a scheme of arrangement pursuant to the laws of the Republic of Irelanda form of corporate reorganization that will be approved by the shareholders and sanctioned by the High
Court of Ireland. The scheme provided as follows:
|
|
|
Immediately prior to the combination with Ceva, Parthus cancelled a portion of its existing share capital and distributed to its shareholders an aggregate cash
repayment of capital of $60 million with respect to such cancellation.
|
|
|
|
The remaining existing Parthus shares were then cancelled and each Parthus shareholder received new shares of ParthusCevas common stock.
|
|
|
|
Immediately following the combination, the stockholders of DSP Group and the former shareholders of Parthus own approximately 50.1% and 49.9%, respectively, of
the common stock of ParthusCeva.
|
|
|
|
ParthusCeva assumed all outstanding Parthus share options and the option plans and option agreements that govern them. These options continue with the same
terms and conditions, except that they have become options to purchase shares of ParthusCevas common stock and have been adjusted in the manner set forth below. Option holders will no longer be able to obtain Parthus shares or ADSs upon
exercise of such options.
|
|
|
|
The number of shares of ParthusCevas common stock purchasable upon the exercise of each Parthus option is equal to the number of shares of
ParthusCevas common stock that would have been received for the Parthus shares underlying the option, had the option been exercised prior to the combination with Ceva. The exercise price per share was also adjusted proportionately.
|
NOTE 6:SHARE CAPITAL
In April 2002, the Companys Board of Directors approved an amendment to its Certificate of Incorporation which will be amended in connection with the Combination to
provide for, among other things, (i) the authorization of one hundred five million (105,000,000) shares of Ceva Common Stock, (ii) the authorization of five million (5,000,000) shares of preferred stock with rights, preferences and privileges to be
designated and established by the Board of Directors.
F-14
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
[LOGO OF ERNST & YOUNG]
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
To the Shareholders of
CEVA, INC.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Ceva,
Inc. (the Company) and its subsidiaries as of December 31, 2000 and 2001, and the related consolidated statements of income, changes in stockholders equity and parent company investment and cash flows for each of the three years in
the period ended December 31, 2001. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States. Those
standards require that we plan and perform the audit in order to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and
disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by the Companys management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statements presentation. We believe
that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements
referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company and its subsidiaries as of December 31, 2000 and 2001, and the consolidated results of their operations and cash flows for each of the
three years in the period ended December 31, 2001, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.
Tel-Aviv, Israel
|
|
KOST FORER & GABBAY
|
January 22, 2002
|
|
A Member of Ernst & Young Global
|
The foregoing report is in the form that will be signed upon the
separation of the licensing technology business from DSP Group, Inc., including the transfer of related assets, liabilities and intellectual property rights, as described in Note 1 to these consolidated financial statements.
Tel-Aviv, Israel
|
|
KOST FORER & GABBAY
|
May 24, 2002
|
|
A Member of Ernst & Young Global
|
F-15
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
U.S. dollars in thousands
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
ASSETS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trade receivables
|
|
$
|
6,575
|
|
$
|
8,115
|
Other accounts receivable and prepaid expenses
|
|
|
286
|
|
|
319
|
Deferred income taxes
|
|
|
231
|
|
|
240
|
Inventories
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
50
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current assets
|
|
|
7,096
|
|
|
8,724
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term Investment:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Severance pay fund
|
|
|
911
|
|
|
1,084
|
Long term lease deposits
|
|
|
87
|
|
|
190
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
998
|
|
|
1,274
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property and Equipment, Net
|
|
|
1,521
|
|
|
2,199
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets
|
|
$
|
9,615
|
|
$
|
12,197
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
F-16
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share data)
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY AND PARENT COMPANY INVESTMENT
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trade payables
|
|
$
|
463
|
|
$
|
707
|
Employees and payroll accruals
|
|
|
1,728
|
|
|
2,006
|
Income tax payable
|
|
|
3,669
|
|
|
3,496
|
Accrued expenses
|
|
|
825
|
|
|
519
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current liabilities
|
|
|
6,685
|
|
|
6,728
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accrued Severance Pay
|
|
|
910
|
|
|
1,124
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY AND PARENT COMPANY INVESTMENT:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common Stock:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$0.001 par value: 10,000,000 shares authorized at December 31, 2000, and 100,000,000 at December 31, 2001; 20,000,000
shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2000 and 2001
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
20
|
Parent Companys investment
|
|
|
2,000
|
|
|
4,325
|
Retained earnings
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total stockholders equity and Parent company investment
|
|
|
2,020
|
|
|
4,345
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities and stockholders equity and Parent company investment
|
|
$
|
9,615
|
|
$
|
12,197
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
F-17
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
U.S. dollars in thousands (Except share and per share data)
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
1999
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
Revenues:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Licenses and royalties
|
|
$
|
16,249
|
|
$
|
19,951
|
|
$
|
20,959
|
Technical support, maintenance and other
|
|
|
1,952
|
|
|
2,959
|
|
|
4,285
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues
|
|
|
18,201
|
|
|
22,910
|
|
|
25,244
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of revenues
|
|
|
207
|
|
|
410
|
|
|
1,251
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit
|
|
|
17,994
|
|
|
22,500
|
|
|
23,993
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development, net
|
|
|
3,230
|
|
|
4,835
|
|
|
5,095
|
Selling and marketing
|
|
|
1,997
|
|
|
2,466
|
|
|
2,911
|
General and administrative
|
|
|
2,480
|
|
|
2,810
|
|
|
2,839
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
7,707
|
|
|
10,111
|
|
|
10,845
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income
|
|
|
10,287
|
|
|
12,389
|
|
|
13,148
|
Financial income, net
|
|
|
292
|
|
|
322
|
|
|
462
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before taxes on income
|
|
|
10,579
|
|
|
12,711
|
|
|
13,610
|
Taxes on income
|
|
|
1,453
|
|
|
3,438
|
|
|
3,255
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
|
$
|
9,126
|
|
$
|
9,273
|
|
$
|
10,355
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an
integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
F-18
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY AND PARENT COMPANY INVESTMENT
U.S.
dollars in thousands
|
|
Common Stock
|
|
Parent company investment
|
|
|
Retained earnings
|
|
|
Total stockholders equity and Parent company investment
|
|
|
|
Shares
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
|
Balance as of January 1, 1999
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
$
|
1,680
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
1,680
|
|
|
Issuance of Common Stock
|
|
20,000,000
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
(20
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9,126
|
|
|
|
9,126
|
|
Capital return to Parent company
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(9,126
|
)
|
|
|
(9,126
|
)
|
Contribution from Parent company
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
876
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
876
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of December 31, 1999
|
|
20,000,000
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
2,536
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,556
|
|
|
Net income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9,273
|
|
|
|
9,273
|
|
Capital return to Parent company
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(9,273
|
)
|
|
|
(9,273
|
)
|
Distribution to Parent company
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(536
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(536
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of December 31, 2000
|
|
20,000,000
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
2,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,020
|
|
|
Net income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10,355
|
|
|
|
10,355
|
|
Capital return to Parent company
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(10,355
|
)
|
|
|
(10,355
|
)
|
Contribution from Parent company
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,325
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,325
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of December 31, 2001
|
|
20,000,000
|
|
$
|
20
|
|
$
|
4,325
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
4,345
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an
integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
F-19
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
U.S. dollars in thousands
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
1999
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
2001
|
|
Cash flows from operating activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
|
$
|
9,126
|
|
|
$
|
9,273
|
|
|
$
|
10,355
|
|
Adjustments required to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
229
|
|
|
|
533
|
|
|
|
697
|
|
Increase in trade receivables
|
|
|
(2,437
|
)
|
|
|
(1,746
|
)
|
|
|
(1,540
|
)
|
Decrease (increase) in other accounts receivable and prepaid expenses
|
|
|
138
|
|
|
|
(156
|
)
|
|
|
(33
|
)
|
Decrease (increase) in inventories
|
|
|
22
|
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
|
(46
|
)
|
Increase in trade payables
|
|
|
223
|
|
|
|
60
|
|
|
|
244
|
|
Increase (decrease) in deferred revenues
|
|
|
54
|
|
|
|
(90
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Increase in employees and payroll accruals
|
|
|
564
|
|
|
|
326
|
|
|
|
278
|
|
Increase (decrease) in accrued expenses
|
|
|
295
|
|
|
|
370
|
|
|
|
(306
|
)
|
Increase (decrease) in income tax payable
|
|
|
895
|
|
|
|
1,947
|
|
|
|
(173
|
)
|
Decrease (increase) in deferred income taxes
|
|
|
(35
|
)
|
|
|
38
|
|
|
|
(9
|
)
|
Increase (decrease) in accrued severance pay, net
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
(14
|
)
|
|
|
41
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by operating activities
|
|
|
9,077
|
|
|
|
10,555
|
|
|
|
9,508
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from investing activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase of property and equipment
|
|
|
(832
|
)
|
|
|
(696
|
)
|
|
|
(1,474
|
)
|
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
99
|
|
Investment in long term lease deposits
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(50
|
)
|
|
|
(103
|
)
|
Proceeds from long term lease deposits
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in investing activities
|
|
|
(827
|
)
|
|
|
(746
|
)
|
|
|
(1,478
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from financing activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital return to Parent company
|
|
|
(9,126
|
)
|
|
|
(9,273
|
)
|
|
|
(10,355
|
)
|
Contribution from (distribution to) Parent company
|
|
|
876
|
|
|
|
(536
|
)
|
|
|
2,325
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in financing activities
|
|
|
(8,250
|
)
|
|
|
(9,809
|
)
|
|
|
(8,030
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Changes in cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial
statements.
F-20
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands
NOTE 1:GENERAL
a.
Background:
Ceva, Inc. (the Company) is currently a wholly-owned
subsidiary of DSP Group, Inc. (the Parent). These financial statements reflect the transfer by the Parent of the DSP cores licensing business and operations and the related assets and liabilities of such businesses and operations to the
Company immediately prior to the spin-off of the Company to the stockholders of the Parent (the Separation).
The Company is engaged in the development and license of designs for programmable digital signal processor cores (DSP cores). A programmable DSP Core is a special purpose, software-controlled processor that, through
complex mathematical calculations, analyzes, manipulates and enhances voice, audio and video signals. The programmable DSP Cores that the Company designs are used as the central processor in semiconductor chips made for specific applications. These
chips are used in a wide variety of electronic devices, including digital cellular telephones, modems, hard disk drives, MP3 players and digital cameras, and are critical to the performance of the electronic products in which they are used.
The Company licenses its software to semiconductor companies throughout the world. These semiconductor companies
then manufacture, market and sell custom-designed chips to system original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) of a variety of electronic products. The Company also licenses its software directly to system OEMs.
The Company was incorporated in Delaware in November 1999. It currently has outstanding 20,000,000 shares of Common Stock, $0.001 par
value, all of which are owned by the Parent. The Company was incorporated under the name DSP Cores, Inc. and changed its name to Corage, Inc. in 2001 and changed its name again to Ceva, Inc. in April 2002. The Company had no business or operations
prior to the transfer of the DSP cores licensing business and operations from the Parent.
After the Separation,
the Company will have two wholly-owned subsidiaries: DSP Ceva, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and Corage, Ltd., an Israeli company, which will be primarily engaged in research and development, marketing, sales, technical support and certain general
and administrative functions associated with the Companys activities.
Prior to the Combination (see Note
6), the Parent will transfer to the Company assets including intellectual property and liabilities related to the DSP cores licensing business and operations, as well as an amount equal to the sum of $40 million in cash plus cash equal to the amount
by which the transaction costs of the separation and Combination exceed $2 million. The identification of assets and liabilities to be transferred was agreed upon between the parties pursuant to the Separation Agreement (See Note 6) and related
documents entered into by and between the Company, the Parent and certain of the Parents subsidiaries, and are not necessarily indicative of the balances of the related assets and liabilities presented in the accompanying financial statements.
b.
Basis of presentation:
The Companys financial statements include the licensing business and operations of the Parent which have been carved out from the financial statements of the Parent
using the historical results of operations and historical bases of the assets and liabilities of the DSP Group business that it comprises. The consolidated financial statements reflect the assets, liabilities, results of operations, financial
positions, changes in stockholders equity, Parent company investment, and cashflows (the Companys Business) as if the Company and its subsidiaries were separate entities for all periods presented. The balances of the assets
and liabilities presented in the accompanying financial statements are not necessarily indicative of the balances of the assets and liabilities to be transferred upon the Separation.
F-21
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
U.S. dollars in thousands
Changes in Parent investment represent the Parent contribution of its
net investment after giving effect to the net income of the Company plus net cash transfers to or from the Parent. Based on the Separation Agreement and related documents between the Company, the Parent and certain of the Parents subsidiaries,
upon the Separation, Parent and the Company shall jointly calculate the net investment account and the Company shall pay to Parent, or Parent shall pay to the Company, as the case may be, the net amount thereof.
The Company will begin accumulating its retained earnings on the date on which the Parent transfers to the Company all of the assets and
liabilities relating to the Companys Business.
The transfer of assets, liabilities and operations of the
Companys Business from the Parent is a reorganization of entities under common control and has been accounted for in a manner similar to a pooling of interests. Accordingly, the financial statements of the Company have been restated to include
the Companys Business as if it had always been operated as a separate entity.
Additionally, the consolidated financial statements include allocations of certain Parent corporate headquarters assets, liabilities and expenses relating to the Companys Business. Management
believes these allocations are reasonable. All material intercompany transactions and balances between the Companys subsidiaries have been eliminated.
The Company utilized services from certain employees of the Parent in Japan and France who performed marketing and technical support activities and whose costs were allocated to the Company.
The statements of income include the costs directly attributable to the Companys Business including charges
for shared facilities, functions and services used by the Companys Business. Certain costs and expenses have been allocated based on managements estimates of the cost of services provided to the Companys Business. Such costs
include research and development costs, sales and marketing, general and administrative expenses. Such allocations and charges are based on either a direct cost pass-through or a percentage of total costs for the services provided based on factors
such as headcount or the specific level of activity directly related to such costs.
Payroll and related expenses,
such as vacation, bonuses and compensation expenses, relating to the Companys sales and marketing and research and development activities were attributed on a specific identification basis. Depreciation expenses were attributed based on the
specific fixed assets attributed to the Company. General and administrative expenses, including corporate and officers salaries and related expenses, were attributed to the Company based on a weighted ratio composed of the percentage of time
that each of the administration employees spent on the Companys Business. Rent, maintenance and other administrative expenses were attributed based on the relevant ratios, such as square footage and headcount. Other general and administrative
expenses, such as legal and accounting fees, were attributed based on management estimations.
Management believes
that the foregoing allocations were made on a reasonable basis and would not have been materially different if the company had operated as a stand-alone entity for all periods presented; however, the allocations of costs and expenses do not
necessarily indicate the costs that would have been or will be incurred by the Company on a stand-alone basis.
Also, the financial information included in the consolidated financial statements may not necessarily reflect the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company in the future or what the financial position
and results of operations would have been had it been a separate, stand-alone company during the years presented.
F-22
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
U.S. dollars in thousands
Interest income shown in the consolidated financial statements
reflects the interest income associated with the aggregate Parent company investment amount and is based on the Companys operating income for each period, based on weighted average interest rates for the applicable period of 5.5%, 4.9% and
3.5% on an annual basis for the years ended December 31, 1999, 2000 and 2001, respectively.
All of the
Companys net income recorded during the periods presented was returned to the Parent as part of the Parent company investment account.
c.
For major customerssee Note 6(b).
NOTE 2:SIGNIFICANT
ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Generally
Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States (U.S. GAAP).
a.
Use of
estimates:
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting
principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
b.
Principles of consolidation
:
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation.
c.
Financial statements in U.S. dollars
:
The revenues of the Company and Corage, Ltd. are generated in U.S. dollars (dollars). In addition, a portion of Corage, Ltd. costs as well as all the costs
of the Company are incurred in dollars. Accordingly, the management has determined the dollar as the currency of the primary economic environment of the Company and Corage, Ltd. and, thus, their functional and reporting currency.
Transactions and balances, denominated in dollars, are presented at their original amounts. Non-dollar transactions and
balances have been remeasured into dollars, in accordance with Statement of the Financial Accounting Standard No. 52.
Foreign Currency Translation (SFAS No.52). All transaction gains and losses from remeasurement of monetary balance sheet items denominated in non-dollar currencies are reflected in the statements of income as
financial income or expenses, as appropriate, and have not been material to date.
d.
Inventories
:
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market value.
Inventory write-offs are provided for slow items or technologies obsolescence. Cost of inventory is determined using the average cost method.
F-23
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
U.S. dollars in thousands
e.
Property and equipment
:
Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over
the estimated useful lives, at the following annual rates:
|
|
%
|
Computers, software and equipment
|
|
20-33
|
Office furniture and equipment
|
|
6
|
Leasehold improvements
|
|
ratably over the term of the lease
|
Motor vehicles
|
|
15
|
The Company and its subsidiaries periodically assess the
recoverability of the carrying amount of property and equipment and provide for any possible impairment loss based upon the difference between the carrying amount and fair value of such assets, in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting
Standard No. 121 Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to be Disposed Of (SFAS No.121). As of December 31, 2001, no impairment losses have been identified.
f.
Revenue recognition
:
The Company and its subsidiaries generate their revenues from software licensing, pre-paid royalties, unit royalties, and maintenance and technical support fees. The Company licenses its software to
semiconductor companies throughout the world. These semiconductor companies then manufacture, market and sell custom-designed chips to original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) of a variety of electronic products. The Company also licenses its
technology directly to OEMs which are considered end users.
The Company accounts for its software license
revenues in accordance with Statement Of Position (SOP) 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, as amended. Under SOP 97-2, revenues are recognized when: (1) collection is probable; (2) delivery has occurred; (3) the license
fee is otherwise fixed or determinable; (4) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists and no further obligation exists. SOP 97-2 generally requires revenue earned on software arrangements involving multiple elements to be allocated to each
element based on the relative fair value of the elements. The Company has also adopted SOP 98-9, Modification of SOP 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition with Respect to Certain Transactions, for all multiple element transactions entered
into after January 1, 2000. SOP 98-9 requires that revenue be recognized under the residual method when vendor specific objective evidence (VSOE) of fair value exists for all undelivered elements and VSOE does not exist for
one of the delivered elements. The VSOE of fair value of the undelivered elements (maintenance and technical support) is determined based on the renewal rate or on the price charged for the undelivered element when sold separately.
SOP 97-2 specifies that extended payment terms in a software licensing arrangement may indicate that the software license fees
are not deemed to be fixed or determinable. If the fee is not fixed or determinable, or if collection is not considered probable, revenue is recognized as payments become due from the customer, provided that all other revenue recognition criteria
have been met. SOP 97-2 specifies that if a company has a standard business practice of using extended payment terms in software licensing arrangements and has a history of successfully collecting the software license fees under the original terms
of the software licensing arrangement without making concessions, the company should recognize the software license fees when all other SOP 97-2 revenue recognition criteria are met. The Company has concluded that for certain software arrangements
with extended payment terms, the fixed or determinable presumption has been overcome and software license fees have been recognized upon meeting the remaining SOP 97-2 revenue recognition criteria.
F-24
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
The Company and its subsidiaries do not grant rights of return.
Certain agreements provide for per-unit royalties to be paid to the Company based on shipments by customers of units containing the
Companys technology. Revenue under such agreements is recognized at the time shipments by the customers are reported to the Company; such reports are prepared by these customers on a periodic basis after units are sold. Non-refundable payments
on account of future royalties from similar agreements are recognized upon payment, provided that no future obligation exists.
Revenues from licensing sales are composed as follows:
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
1999
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
Revenues :
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Software licensing
|
|
$
|
10,395
|
|
$
|
12,550
|
|
$
|
13,680
|
Royalties
|
|
|
5,854
|
|
|
7,401
|
|
|
7,279
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
16,249
|
|
$
|
19,951
|
|
$
|
20,959
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maintenance and technical support revenues included in multiple
element arrangements are deferred and recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the maintenance and the support agreement or when such services are performed.
Deferred revenues include unearned amounts received under maintenance and technical support contracts and amounts billed to customers not yet recognized as revenues.
g.
Income taxes:
Historically, the Companys and its subsidiaries operations have been included in the consolidated income tax returns filed by the Parent and by DSP Group, Ltd.
Income tax expense in the Companys consolidated financial statements has been calculated on a separate tax return basis.
Ceva, Inc. taxes on income were calculated based on U.S. tax rates. Corage, Ltd. taxes on income were calculated based on Israeli tax rates and laws. These calculations reflect the Parents tax strategy, and are not necessarily
reflective of the tax strategies that the Company would have followed or will follow as a stand-alone company.
The Company and its subsidiaries account for income taxes in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes (SFAS No. 109). This Statement prescribes the use of
the liability method whereby deferred tax assets and liability account balances are determined based on differences between financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will
be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse.
The Company and its subsidiaries provide a valuation
allowance, if necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to their estimated realizable value.
h.
Research and development:
Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 86
Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software to be Sold, Leased or Otherwise Marketed (SFAS No. 86), requires capitalization of certain software development costs subsequent to the establishment of technological feasibility.
F-25
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
U.S. dollars in thousands
Based on the Companys product development process,
technological feasibility is established upon completion of a working model. The Company and its subsidiaries do not incur material costs between the completion of the working model and the point at which the product is ready for general release.
Therefore, research and development costs are charged to the statement of income as incurred.
i.
Accrued severance pay:
The Israeli subsidiary liability for severance pay is
calculated pursuant to Israeli severance pay laws for all employees based on the most recent salary of each employee multiplied by the number of years of employment for that employee as of the balance sheet date. The Israeli subsidiarys
liability is fully provided by monthly deposits with severance pay funds, insurance policies and by an accrual.
The deposited funds include profits accumulated up to the balance sheet date. The deposited funds may be withdrawn only upon the fulfillment of the obligation pursuant to Israeli severance pay laws or labor agreements. The value of
these policies is recorded as an asset in the Companys balance sheet.
Severance expenses (income) for the
years ended December 31, 1999, 2000 and 2001, were approximately $3, $(14) and $41, respectively.
j.
Accounting for stock-based compensation:
The Company has elected to follow
Accounting Principles Board Statement No. 25, Accounting for Stock Options Issued to Employees (APB 25) and FASB Interpretation No. 44 Accounting for Certain Transactions Involving Stock Compensation (FIN
44) in accounting for its employee stock option plans. Under APB 25, when the exercise price of an employee stock option is less than the market price of the underlying stock on the date of grant, compensation expense is recognized. The
pro-forma information with respect to the fair value of options required under the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 123 Accounting for stock based compensation (SFAS No. 123), is provided in Note
5(e). SFAS No. 123 requires use of an option valuation model to measure the fair value of options on the grant date.
k.
Fair value of financial instruments:
The carrying amounts of trade
receivables and trade payables approximate their fair values, due to the short-term maturities of these instruments.
l.
Concentration of credit risk:
Financial instruments that potentially subject
the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of trade receivables. The trade receivables of the Company and its subsidiaries are mainly derived from sales to customers located in the United States, Europe and Asia. The Company
and its subsidiaries perform ongoing credit evaluations of their customers and to date have not experienced any material losses. Allowance for doubtful accounts is computed for specific debts for which collectibility is doubtful based upon the
Companys experience.
The Company and its subsidiaries have no off-balance-sheet concentration of credit
risk such as foreign exchange contracts, option contracts or other foreign hedging arrangements.
m.
Non-royalty-bearing grants:
Non-royalty-bearing grants from the Government
of Israel for funding certain approved research and development projects are recognized at the time when the Company is entitled to such grants, on the basis of the related costs incurred, and included as a deduction from research and development
costs.
F-26
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
The Company recorded grants participation in the amounts of $70, $578
and $542 for the years ended December 31, 1999, 2000 and 2001, respectively.
n.
Advertising
expenses:
Advertising expenses are carried to the statement of operations as incurred.
o.
Impact of recently issued accounting standards:
In June 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations, and No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible
Assets, effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2001. Under the new rules, goodwill (and intangible assets deemed to have indefinite lives) will no longer be amortized but will be subject to annual impairment tests in
accordance with the Statements. Other intangible assets will continue to be amortized over their useful lives.
In
August 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets (SFAS 144), which addresses financial accounting
and reporting for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets and supersedes SFAS No. 121, Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to be Disposed of, and the accounting and reporting provision of
APB Opinion No. 30, Reporting the Results of Operations for a disposal of a segment of a business. SFAS 144 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2001, with earlier application encouraged. The Company expects to
adopt FAS 144 as of January 1, 2002 and it does not expect that the adoption of SFAS 144 will have a significant impact, if any, on the Companys financial position and results of operations.
NOTE 3:OTHER ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLES AND PREPAID EXPENSES
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
Prepaid expenses
|
|
$
|
106
|
|
$
|
180
|
Advance payments
|
|
|
148
|
|
|
33
|
Other account receivables
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
106
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
286
|
|
$
|
319
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NOTE 4:PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
Cost:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Computers, software and equipment
|
|
$
|
2,838
|
|
$
|
4,288
|
Office furniture and equipment
|
|
|
238
|
|
|
243
|
Leasehold improvements
|
|
|
720
|
|
|
739
|
Motor vehicles
|
|
|
300
|
|
|
201
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,096
|
|
|
5,471
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulated depreciation
|
|
|
2,575
|
|
|
3,272
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciated cost
|
|
$
|
1,521
|
|
$
|
2,199
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-27
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
NOTE 5:STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
a.
Parent company investment:
The accompanying financial statements reflect substantially all of the assets and liabilities covering the conduct of the DSP cores licensing business and the results of the operations of that business
which had originally been carried out by Parent and which will be transferred to the Company. The identification of the assets and liabilities to be transferred was agreed upon between the Company and the Parent and their related balances are not
necessarily presented in the accompanying financial statements. Parents equity in the net assets transferred to the Company are reflected in the opening balance of Parents investment in the accompanying balance sheet. The net equity
balance for each year also includes additional financing received from Parent. The net income of the Company was recorded as capital return to the Parent. As of December 31, 2001, the consolidated financial statements are presented to reflect the
transfer of assets and liabilities as if it already occurred. Based on the agreements between the Parent and the Company, upon the Separation, the Parent and the Company shall jointly calculate the net investment account and the Company shall pay to
Parent, or Parent shall pay to the Company, as the case may be, the net amount thereof.
During prior periods the
Parent handled virtually all of the Companys cash transactions, as well as collecting the Companys receivables and settling accounts with the Companys suppliers and other creditors.
b.
Stock splits and dividends:
On October 26, 2000, the Companys Board of Directors declared a stock split in a 1:1,000 ratio. On May 31, 2001, the Companys Board of Directors declared a stock split to be effected
as a stock dividend to be distributed from the Parent company investment whereby each holder of record of Common Stock received 19 additional shares of Common Stock for each share owned. The effect of such split in the shareholders equity statements
was given retroactively.
All stock and stock option information in the consolidated financial statements has been
retroactively restated for all periods presented to reflect the stock split and the stock split effected as a stock dividend.
c.
Employee stock option plan:
In 2000, the Company adopted the 2000 Stock
Incentive Plan (the 2000 Plan). Under the 2000 Plan, employees, officers and directors of the Company and each of its subsidiaries may be granted stock options for the purchase of the Companys Common Stock. The 2000 Plan expires in
2010 and currently provides for the purchase of up to 4,000,000 shares of the Companys Common Stock. Each option can be exercised to purchase one share, conferring the same rights as the other shares of Common Stock. Options that are cancelled
or forfeited before expiration become available for future grants. The exercise price of options under the 2000 Plan shall not be less than 100% of the fair market value for qualified and for non-qualified stock options as determined by the Board of
Directors. The exercise basis will be adjusted from time to time upon the occurrence of a stock split, combination, dividend, and stock dividend, and in other certain events.
Options under the 2000 Plan are generally exercisable over a 48-month period beginning 12 months after issuance or as determined by the Board of Directors. Options under
the 2000 Plan expire up to ten years after the date of grant.
F-28
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
A summary of activity of options granted to purchase the
Companys Common Stock under the 2000 Plan is as follows:
|
|
Year ended December 31,
2000
|
|
Year ended December 31,
2001
|
|
|
Shares
available for
grant
|
|
|
Number of
options
|
|
|
Weighted
average
exercise
price
|
|
Shares
available for
grant
|
|
|
Number of
options
|
|
|
Weighted
average
exercise
price
|
Outstanding at the beginning of the year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
2,147,720
|
|
|
1,852,280
|
|
|
$
|
5.37
|
Authorized
|
|
4,000,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Granted
|
|
(1,882,280
|
)
|
|
1,882,280
|
|
|
|
5.37
|
|
(1,002,740
|
)
|
|
1,002,740
|
|
|
|
5.71
|
Exercised
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Forfeited
|
|
30,000
|
|
|
(30,000
|
)
|
|
|
5.37
|
|
268,990
|
|
|
(268,990
|
)
|
|
|
5.37
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at the end of the year
|
|
2,147,720
|
|
|
1,852,280
|
|
|
$
|
5.37
|
|
1,413,970
|
|
|
2,586,030
|
|
|
$
|
5.50
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A summary of the weighted average exercise price and the number of
options exercisable under the 2000 Plan is as follows:
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
Number of options excisable as of December 31
|
|
|
|
|
|
601,580
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average exercise price of options excisable as of December 31
|
|
$
|
|
|
$
|
5.37
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
These options will be measured upon the consummation of the
combination of the Company with Parthus based on the then fair value of the Companys Common Stock.
d.
Parent stock options granted to the Companys employees:
Since 1991,
the Parent has granted options to purchase shares of the Companys Common Stock to its key employees, directors and shareholders as an incentive to attract and retain qualified personnel under several plans. As part of these grants, options
were granted to employees of the Company.
Under the terms of these plans, options generally become exercisable
ratably over a period of up to 4 years, commencing 12 months after issuance, or as determined by the Board of Directors. The options generally expire no later than 10 years from the date of the grant and are non-transferable, except under the laws
of succession. Each option can be exercised to purchase one share, conferring the same rights as the other shares of the Companys Common Stock. Options that are cancelled or forfeited before expiration, become available for future grants. The
number of shares to be received upon exercise of the options will be adjusted from time to time upon the occurrence of stock splits and combinations, dividends and stock dividends and other certain events. All options under the plan were granted at
fair value.
F-29
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
A summary of the share option activity in respect of the
Parents options that were granted to the Companys employees, and related information is as follows:
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
1999
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
|
|
Number of options
|
|
|
Weighted average exercise price
|
|
Number of options
|
|
|
Weighted average exercise price
|
|
Number of options
|
|
|
Weighted average exercise price
|
Outstanding at the beginning of the year
|
|
1,265,034
|
|
|
$
|
9.12
|
|
1,853,288
|
|
|
$
|
15.65
|
|
2,026,975
|
|
|
$
|
20.62
|
Granted (*)
|
|
1,431,000
|
|
|
|
17.39
|
|
577,500
|
|
|
|
31.74
|
|
312,583
|
|
|
|
18.82
|
Exercised
|
|
(842,746
|
)
|
|
|
8.79
|
|
(403,813
|
)
|
|
|
13.76
|
|
(108,601
|
)
|
|
|
8.37
|
Forfeited or cancelled (**)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(85,794
|
)
|
|
|
25.76
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at the end of the year
|
|
1,853,288
|
|
|
$
|
15.65
|
|
2,026,975
|
|
|
$
|
20.62
|
|
2,145,163
|
|
|
$
|
20.77
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options exercisable at the end of the year
|
|
97,175
|
|
|
$
|
28.88
|
|
406,168
|
|
|
$
|
18.30
|
|
1,036,932
|
|
|
$
|
19.81
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(*)
|
|
Including 35,750 options of employees who were transferred from the Parent to the Company during the year 2001.
|
(**)
|
|
Including 14,167 options of employees who were transferred from the Company to the Parent during the year 2001.
|
The Parents options granted to the employees of the Company outstanding as of December 31, 2001 have been classified into range of
exercise price as follows:
Exercise
price
(range)
|
|
Options
outstanding as
of
December 31, 2001
|
|
Weighted average
remaining
contractual
life (years)
|
|
Weighted average
exercise
price
|
|
Options
exercisable as of
December 31, 2001
|
|
Weighted average
exercise
price of
options exercisable
|
$ 4.5 $ 9.44
|
|
722,848
|
|
4.1
|
|
$ 8.99
|
|
402,842
|
|
$ 9.11
|
$ 9.63 $17.3
|
|
126,774
|
|
3.2
|
|
12.38
|
|
113,816
|
|
12.27
|
$17.9 $21.94
|
|
402,833
|
|
6.3
|
|
19.11
|
|
98,500
|
|
18.87
|
$22 $39
|
|
666,333
|
|
5.5
|
|
28.85
|
|
335,289
|
|
29.76
|
$40.22 $54.6
|
|
226,375
|
|
5.6
|
|
42.20
|
|
86,485
|
|
42.06
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,145,163
|
|
|
|
$ 20.77
|
|
1,036,932
|
|
$ 19.81
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Under SFAS No. 123, pro forma information regarding net income
(loss) and net earnings (loss) per share is required, and has been determined as if the Parent had accounted for its employee stock options under the fair value method of that Statement. The fair value for these options was estimated at the date of
grant using a Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions:
|
|
1999
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
Dividend yield
|
|
0%
|
|
0%
|
|
0%
|
Expected volatility
|
|
0.76
|
|
0.81
|
|
0.81
|
Risk-free interest
|
|
5.55%
|
|
4.87%
|
|
3.7%
|
Expected life of up to
|
|
2.9 years
|
|
2.9 years
|
|
2.9 years
|
F-30
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
Weighted average fair value of the Parents options granted to
the employees of the Company whose exercise price is equal to market price of the shares of the Parent at date of grant are as follows:
|
|
Weighted average fair value of options grants at an exercise price
|
|
|
1999
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
Equal to fair value at date of grants
|
|
$
|
10.64
|
|
$
|
20.61
|
|
$
|
11.47
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
e.
Pro forma information under SFAS No. 123:
The following pro forma information includes the effect of the options granted to the Companys employees to
purchase the Parents shares.
For purposes of pro forma disclosures, the estimated fair value of the options
is amortized to expense over the options vesting period.
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
1999
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
Net income as reported
|
|
$
|
9,126
|
|
$
|
9,273
|
|
$
|
10,355
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pro forma net income
|
|
$
|
5,761
|
|
$
|
2,431
|
|
$
|
1,450
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
f.
Dividend Policy
The Company has never declared or paid any cash dividends on its capital stock and does not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the
foreseeable future. In the event that cash dividends are declared in the future, such dividends will be paid in dollars or NIS subject to statutory limitations.
g.
Common Stock
Holders of the Companys
Common Stock are entitled to one vote per share on all matters to be voted upon by the Companys stockholders. In the event of liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of the Common Stock are entitled to share ratably in all of the
Companys assets. The board of directors may declare a dividend out of funds legally available therefor and the holders of Common Stock are entitled to receive ratably any such dividends. Holders of Common Stock have no preemptive rights or
other subscription rights to convert their shares into any other securities. There are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the Common Stock.
F-31
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
U.S. dollars in thousands
NOTE 6:GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION AND MAJOR CUSTOMER DATA
a.
Summary information about geographic areas:
The Company manages its business on a basis of one industry segment, the development and license of designs for programmable Digital Signal Processors (see Note 1 for a
brief description of the Companys business) and follows the requirements of Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 131 , Disclosures About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information (SFAS No. 131).
The following is a summary of operations within geographic areas:
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
1999
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
Revenues based on customer location:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United States
|
|
$
|
4,493
|
|
$
|
11,953
|
|
$
|
10,853
|
Japan
|
|
|
6,679
|
|
|
3,342
|
|
|
3,169
|
Europe
|
|
|
5,029
|
|
|
4,547
|
|
|
6,984
|
Asia (Excluding Japan)
|
|
|
1,656
|
|
|
2,790
|
|
|
4,081
|
Other
|
|
|
344
|
|
|
278
|
|
|
157
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
18,201
|
|
$
|
22,910
|
|
$
|
25,244
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
1999
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
Long-lived assets by geographic region:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United States
|
|
$
|
64
|
|
$
|
38
|
|
$
|
47
|
Israel
|
|
|
1,291
|
|
|
1,518
|
|
|
2,281
|
Other
|
|
|
40
|
|
|
52
|
|
|
61
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
1,395
|
|
$
|
1,608
|
|
$
|
2,389
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b.
Major customer data as a percentage of total
revenues:
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
1999
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
2001
|
|
Customer A
|
|
*
|
|
|
*
|
|
|
15.2
|
%
|
Customer B
|
|
*
|
|
|
*
|
|
|
13.7
|
%
|
Customer C
|
|
*
|
|
|
*
|
|
|
24
|
%
|
Customer D
|
|
*
|
|
|
17.6
|
%
|
|
*
|
|
Customer E
|
|
12.4
|
%
|
|
*
|
|
|
*
|
|
Customer F
|
|
14.6
|
%
|
|
*
|
|
|
*
|
|
Customer G
|
|
10.2
|
%
|
|
*
|
|
|
*
|
|
Customer H
|
|
11.5
|
%
|
|
*
|
|
|
*
|
|
*)
|
|
Represents a percentage lower than 10%.
|
F-32
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
U.S. dollars in thousands
NOTE 7:TAXES ON INCOME
Historically, the Companys and its subsidiarys operations have been included in the consolidated income tax returns filed by the Parent and by DSP Group,
Ltd. Income tax expense in the Companys consolidated financial statements has been calculated on a separate tax return basis. These calculations reflect the Parents tax strategy, and are not necessarily reflective of the tax strategies
that the Company would have followed or will follow as a stand-alone company.
a.
The provision for
income taxes is as follows:
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
1999
|
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
|
Domestic taxes:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current
|
|
$
|
788
|
|
|
$
|
2,674
|
|
$
|
2,580
|
|
Deferred
|
|
|
(35
|
)
|
|
|
38
|
|
|
(9
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
753
|
|
|
|
2,712
|
|
|
2,571
|
|
Foreign taxes:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current
|
|
|
700
|
|
|
|
726
|
|
|
684
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
700
|
|
|
|
726
|
|
|
684
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Provision for taxes on income
|
|
$
|
1,453
|
|
|
$
|
3,438
|
|
$
|
3,255
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b.
Income (loss) before taxes on income:
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
1999
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
Domestic
|
|
$
|
1,982
|
|
$
|
7,532
|
|
$
|
6,767
|
Foreign
|
|
|
8,597
|
|
|
5,179
|
|
|
6,843
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
10,579
|
|
$
|
12,711
|
|
$
|
13,610
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
c.
A reconciliation between the Companys
effective tax rate and the U.S. statutory rate:
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
1999
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
2001
|
|
Income before taxes on income
|
|
$
|
10,579
|
|
|
$
|
12,711
|
|
|
$
|
13,610
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tax at U.S. statutory rate35%
|
|
|
3,702
|
|
|
|
4,449
|
|
|
|
4,764
|
|
Foreign income taxes at rates other than U.S. rate
|
|
|
(2,309
|
)
|
|
|
(1,087
|
)
|
|
|
(1,711
|
)
|
Other
|
|
|
60
|
|
|
|
76
|
|
|
|
202
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Provision for taxes on income
|
|
$
|
1,453
|
|
|
$
|
3,438
|
|
|
$
|
3,255
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-33
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
U.S. dollars in thousands
d.
Deferred income taxes:
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for
financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of the Companys deferred tax assets are as follows:
|
|
December 31
|
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
Reserve and allowances
|
|
$
|
231
|
|
$
|
240
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at the end of the year (All domestic)
|
|
$
|
231
|
|
$
|
240
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A valuation allowance was not recorded since management believes
that these assets will be realized in the future.
e.
Assignment of the tax benefits under the
Israeli Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments
,
1959:
DSP Group, Ltd.s production
facilities have been granted Approved Enterprise status under Israeli law in connection with four separate investment plans. According to the provisions of such Israeli law, DSP Group, Ltd. has elected to enjoy Alternative plan
benefits, which is a waiver of grants in return for tax exemption. Accordingly, DSP Group, Ltd.s income from an Approved Enterprise is tax-exempt for a period of two or four years and is subject to a reduced corporate tax
rate of 10%25% (based on percentage of foreign ownership) for an additional period of eight or six years, respectively. The tax benefits under these investment plans are scheduled to gradually expire starting from 2005 through 2009. The period
of tax benefits, as detailed above, is subject to limitations of the earlier of 12 years from commencement of production, or 14 years from receipt of approval.
Since DSP Group, Ltd. is operating under more than one approval, its effective tax rates are a weighted combination of the various applicable rates and tax exemptions and the computation is made for
income derived from each program on the basis and formulas specified in the law and in the approvals.
The tax
exempt income attributable to an Approved Enterprise can be distributed to stockholders without subjecting DSP Group, Ltd. to taxes only upon the complete liquidation of DSP Group, Ltd. The Company has determined that such tax exempt
income will not be distributed as dividends. Accordingly, no deferred income taxes have been provided on income attributable to DSP Group, Ltd.s Approved Enterprise.
Through December 31, 2001, DSP Group, Ltd. has met all the conditions required under these approvals which include an obligation to invest certain amounts in property and
equipment and an obligation to finance a percentage of investments in share capital. Should DSP Group, Ltd. fail to meet such conditions in the future, it could be subject to corporate tax in Israel at the standard rate of 36% and could be required
to refund tax benefits already received. Income from sources other than the Approved Enterprise during the benefit period will be subject to tax at the standard rate of corporate tax in Israel of 36%.
Under Israeli law, DSP Group, Ltd. is entitled to claim accelerated rates of depreciation on equipment used by an Approved
Enterprise during the first five tax years from the beginning of such use.
As part of the Separation from
the Parent, Corage, Ltd. applied for assignment of the approved plans and for the relevant tax benefits from DSP Group, Ltd. to Corage, Ltd. According to the assignment the above mentioned benefits would be granted to Corage, Ltd.
F-34
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
U.S. dollars in thousands
f.
Tax benefits under the Law for the Encouragement of
Capital Investments, 1959:
Corage, Ltd. has been granted the status of Approved Enterprise under
the Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments, 1959 (the Investment Law). According to the provisions of the Investment Law, Corage, Ltd. has elected to enjoy alternative benefitsa waiver of grants in return for
tax exemption. The Approved Enterprise status will allow Corage, Ltd. a tax exemption on undistributed income derived from the Approved Enterprise program. The income derived from this Approved Enterprise will be
tax exempt for a period of two years, and will enjoy a reduced tax rate thereafter of 10% to 25% for an additional five to eight years (depending on the percentage of foreign investment). The five to ten-year period of benefits will commence with
the first year in which Corage, Ltd. earns taxable income. The period of tax benefits, detailed above, is subject to limits of the earlier of 12 years from the commencement of production, or 14 years from receiving the approval.
The entitlement to the above benefits is conditional upon the Companys fulfilling the conditions stipulated by the above
law, regulations published thereunder and the instruments of approval for the specific investments in Approved Enterprises. In the event of failure to comply with these conditions, the benefits may be canceled and the Company may be
required to refund the amount of the benefits, in whole or in part, including interest.
Should Corage, Ltd.
derive income from sources other than the Approved Enterprise during the period of benefits, such income shall be taxable at the regular corporate tax rate of 36%.
g.
Separation from DSP Group, Ltd.
DSP Group, Ltd. has obtained a tax ruling for the tax exempt split plan pursuant to section 105A(a) to the Israeli Income Tax Ordinance (section 105). Under section 105 and according to the ruling, the majority of the
assets that will be transferred to Corage, Ltd. and the majority of the assets that will remain in DSP Group, Ltd., cannot be sold for a two-year period and subject to other requirements determined by law.
NOTE 8:SUBSEQUENT EVENTS (Unaudited)
a. On April 4, 2002, the Parent, the Company and Parthus Technologies plc (Parthus) entered into a combination agreement (the Combination Agreement) pursuant to which Parthus and the
Company agreed to effect a combination of their businesses, whereby the Parent contributes the DSP core licensing business and operations and the related assets and liabilities of such business and operations to the Company and Parthus will be
acquired by the Company in exchange for the Common Stock of the Company (the Combination). The new combined company will be renamed ParthusCeva, Inc. (ParthusCeva).
The Parent will distribute 100% of the equity of the Company it holds pro-rata to the Parents stockholders. Immediately following the Separation and distribution of
stock to the Parents stockholders and pursuant to the Combination, the Company will issue its Common Stock to the existing shareholders of Parthus and Parthus will become a subsidiary of the Company. As a result of these transactions, the
stockholders of the Parent will hold shares representing approximately 50.1% of the Common Stock of ParthusCeva and the former shareholders of Parthus will hold shares representing approximately 49.9% of the Common Stock of ParthusCeva.
Per a ruling obtained from the U.S. Internal Revenue Service, the separation and distribution of Cevas
common stock to the stockholders of DSP Group will be a tax-free reorganization.
F-35
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
U.S. dollars in thousands
The following agreements were signed with respect to the mentioned
transactions:
Separation Agreement:
The separation agreement provides for the transfer to Ceva of assets and liabilities from DSP Group related to the DSP cores licensing business in exchange for the issuance
by Ceva to DSP Group of 1,000 shares of Ceva common stock on the separation date. Further, the separation agreement provides for DSP Groups Israeli subsidiary, DSP Group, Ltd., to transfer all of the share capital of Corage, Ltd, an Israeli
company, to DSP Group, which DSP Group then contributed to Ceva. Ceva subsequently contributed all of the Corage, Ltd. share capital to DSP Ceva, Inc., our wholly-owned subsidiary. Upon the closing of the combination, DSP Ceva, Inc. changed its name
to DSP ParthusCeva, Inc. and Corage, Ltd. changed its name to ParthusCeva, Ltd.
After its contribution of assets
to Ceva, DSP Group surrendered shares of Cevas Common Stock it held to Ceva without consideration, to adjust the number of shares of Cevas Common Stock held by DSP Group and then distributed the remaining shares of Ceva Common stock it
held to the DSP Group stockholders on the basis of one share of Ceva common stock for every three shares of DSP Groups common stock held by such stockholder on the record dated for the distribution. Following the distribution, Ceva acquired
Parthus pursuant to a scheme of arrangement.
The Contribution.
As part of the assets contributed to us in the separation, DSP Group also contributed to us a total of the sum of $40 million as initial
working capital plus cash equal to the amount by which the transaction costs of the separation and combination exceeded $2 million. In addition, as part of the separation and distribution and pursuant to the terms of the separation agreement, Ceva
and DSP Group agreed to settle the intercompany investment account between them by (i) converting part of DSP Groups investment account in Ceva (consisting of the value of the property, equipment and inventory) into Cevas
stockholders equity, (ii) allowing DSP Group to retain all rights to Cevas accounts receivable existing on the date of the separation, and (iii) having DSP Group retain certain of Cevas current liabilities existing on the date of
separation, such that the settlement arrangement results in the net amount of assets retained by DSP Group to equal the amount of the intercompany account on the date of separation (as of June 30, 2002, approximately $8.7 million).
The Distribution.
DSP Group distributed all of the shares of Cevas common stock outstanding on the separation date to its stockholders on a pro rata basis. No fractional shares was issued in the distribution.
Instead, DSP Group stockholders received cash for any fractional shares of Cevas common stock held by them.
Representations, warranties, covenants and indemnification regarding the distribution.
The
separation agreement contains representations and warranties from DSP Group and Ceva as to the accuracy of facts and representations made by DSP Group, Ceva and Parthus in connection with the tax rulings issued by the Internal Revenue Service in
connection with the separation, distribution and combination. Under the separation agreement, ParthusCeva has agreed that (i) during the two-year period following the completion of the distribution, ParthusCeva will not liquidate, dispose of or
discontinue a substantial portion of the active trade or business of the Company, or dispose of any business or assets in a manner inconsistent with the business purpose for the distribution, or (ii) during the one-year period following
the completion of the distribution,
F-36
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
ParthusCeva will not agree to or undertake a proposed acquisition transaction (as defined in the separation agreement) unless the requirements set forth in the separation agreement are satisfied.
Under the terms of the separation agreement, ParthusCeva has agreed to indemnify DSP Group and its affiliates for
any tax liability incurred by DSP Group as a result of ParthusCevas breach of any representation, warranties or covenants made in the separation agreement with respect to the tax matters listed in the separation agreement.
In addition, each of the parties has agreed to indemnify the other with respect to the failure to pay, perform or discharge any
liabilities for which it is responsible under the separation agreement, breach any of the terms of the separation agreement and the ancillary agreements associated with the separation agreement or breach any of the covenants or obligations of the
combination agreement.
The rights and obligations detailed above will survive until 30 days following the
expiration of the applicable statute of limitations. There are no limitations on the rights and obligations relating to the amount of any claim for indemnification.
Expenses.
Each party to the
separation agreement will bear its own respective third party fees, costs and expenses paid or incurred in connection with the transactions.
Various ancillary agreements detail the separation and various interim and ongoing relationships among DSP Group, its subsidiaries, ParthusCeva and its subsidiaries. These agreements are described more
fully below.
Ceva Technology Transfer Agreement
The Ceva technology transfer agreement identifies the assets, including intellectual property, that DSP Group transferred to Ceva and the liabilities that Ceva assumed from
DSP Group in the separation in exchange for issuance by Ceva to DSP Group of shares of its common stock.
DSP Ceva Technology Transfer
Agreement
The DSP Ceva technology transfer agreement implements the transfer from ParthusCeva to its
wholly-owned subsidiary, DSP Ceva, of the assets transferred by DSP Group to Ceva and the assumption by DSP Ceva of liabilities assumed by Ceva from DSP Group in the separation in exchange for the issuance by DSP Ceva to Ceva of shares in its share
capital.
Transition Services Agreement Among DSP Group, DSP Ceva and ParthusCeva
The transition services agreement governs the provision of transitional services by DSP Group to ParthusCeva and to DSP Ceva after the
separation date. DSP Group is obligated to provide certain general and administrative services, including management and information services and network, hardware and software maintenance and support, to ParthusCeva and to DSP Ceva. ParthusCeva and
DSP Ceva are obligated to pay DSP Group an agreed amount.
F-37
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
The term of the transition services agreement commences on the date of the separation agreement and continues
until such time as DSP Group is no longer required to provide any transition services.
During the first year
following the separation date, and for so long thereafter as the parties agree, ParthusCeva and DSP Ceva will occupy and utilize portions of DSP Groups facilities. ParthusCeva and DSP Ceva are obligated to pay an agreed amount to DSP Group for
their respective pro rata shares of the rent and other costs of occupying and operating these facilities.
Tax Indemnification and
Allocation Agreement
Ceva was included as part of DSP Groups consolidated group for federal income tax
purposes until the separation date. In general, under the U.S. Internal Revenue Code, each member of a consolidated group is jointly and severally liable for the federal income tax liability of each other member of the consolidated group.
Pursuant negotiations between DSP Group and Parthus to allocate the responsibilities between ParthusCeva and DSP
Group for tax liabilities that may be asserted in the future, in addition to the indemnification provided in the separation agreement, ParthusCeva have entered into a tax indemnification and allocation agreement with DSP Group pursuant to which DSP
Group will be liable for, and will indemnify ParthusCeva for, any federal income tax related to the consolidated return for all periods ending on or before the distribution date. Under that agreement, each of ParthusCeva and DSP Group will each be
liable for, and shall indemnify the other against, its respective liability for federal income tax for subsequent periods after the distribution.
Voting Agreements
As a condition to the combination of Parthus and Ceva, certain
stockholders have entered into individual voting agreements with ParthusCeva. These agreements, which cover approximately 20.2% of the outstanding stock of ParthusCeva as of the date of the combination (although the voting agreements apply to any
additional shares subsequently acquired by such stockholders, including upon exercise of options), provide that the stockholders that entered into the voting agreements will vote all of his or her ParthusCeva shares for the ParthusCeva nominees to
its board or directors and, with respect to all other matters to be voted on by the stockholders, either in accordance with the recommendations of the ParthusCeva board of directors or, if the board of directors makes no recommendation, for or
against such matters in the same proportion as the shares owned by all other stockholders. Each voting agreement terminates upon the earlier of two years from the date of the agreement, the sale of all or substantially all of ParthusCeva assets or a
consolidation or merger of ParthusCeva as a result of which its stockholders prior to such a consolidation or merger hold less than 50% of the voting equity of the surviving or resulting entity, a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the
ParthusCeva business operations, the execution by ParthusCeva of a general assignment for the benefit of creditors or the appointment of a receiver or trustee to take possession of its property and assets.
Combination Agreement
Pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Combination Agreement, Parthus and the Company will effect a combination of their businesses, whereby, immediately after the separation and distribution of stock by the Parent, Parthus will
be acquired by the Company in exchange for the Common Stock of the Company. The newly combined company will be renamed ParthusCeva and its Common Stock will be quoted on the Nasdaq National Market and traded on the London Stock Exchange upon receipt
of related approvals.
F-38
CEVA, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(U.S. dollars in thousands)
The combination will be effected through a scheme of arrangement pursuant to the laws of the Republic of
Irelanda form of corporate reorganization that will be approved by the shareholders and sanctioned by the High Court of Ireland. The scheme provided as follows:
|
|
|
Immediately prior to the combination with Ceva, Parthus cancelled a portion of its existing share capital and distributed to its shareholders an aggregate cash
repayment of capital of $60 million with respect to such cancellation.
|
|
|
|
The remaining existing Parthus shares were then cancelled and each Parthus shareholder received new shares of ParthusCevas common stock.
|
|
|
|
Immediately following the combination, the stockholders of DSP Group and the former shareholders of Parthus own approximately 50.1% and 49.9%, respectively, of
the common stock of ParthusCeva.
|
|
|
|
ParthusCeva assumed all outstanding Parthus share options and the option plans and option agreements that govern them. These options continue with the same
terms and conditions, except that they have become options to purchase shares of ParthusCevas common stock and have been adjusted in the manner set forth below. Option holders will no longer be able to obtain Parthus shares or ADSs upon
exercise of such options.
|
|
|
|
The number of shares of ParthusCevas common stock purchasable upon the exercise of each Parthus option is equal to the number of shares of
ParthusCevas common stock that would have been received for the Parthus shares underlying the option, had the option been exercised prior to the combination with Ceva. The exercise price per share was also adjusted proportionately.
|
b. In April 2002 the Companys Board of Directors approved an amendment to its
Certificate of Incorporation which will be amended in connection with the Combination to provide for, among other things, (i) the authorization of one hundred five million (105,000,000) shares of Corage Common Stock, (ii) the authorization of five
million (5,000,000) shares of preferred stock of the Corporation with rights, preferences and privileges to be designated and established by the Board.
F-39
Consolidated Financial
Statements of Parthus Technologies plc and subsidiaries:
|
|
|
|
Condensed consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2001 (audited) and June 30, 2002 (unaudited)
|
|
F-41
|
|
Unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2001 and 2002
|
|
F-42
|
|
Unaudited condensed consolidated statement of shareholders equity and comprehensive income for the six months
ended June 30, 2002
|
|
F-43
|
|
Unaudited condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2001 and 2002
|
|
F-44
|
|
Notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements
|
|
F-45
|
|
Report of independent chartered accountants
|
|
F-48
|
|
Consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2000 and 2001
|
|
F-49
|
|
Consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 1999, 2000 and 2001
|
|
F-50
|
|
Consolidated statements of shareholders equity and comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 1999,
2000 and 2001
|
|
F-51
|
|
Consolidated statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 1999, 2000 and 2001
|
|
F-52
|
|
Notes to the consolidated financial statements of Parthus Technologies plc
|
|
F-53
|
F-40
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
|
|
Audited
December 31,
|
|
|
Unaudited
June
30,
|
|
|
|
2001
|
|
|
2002
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
ASSETS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
121,503
|
|
|
$
|
114,101
|
|
Short term investmentsavailable for sale
|
|
|
1,800
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts receivable
|
|
|
3,541
|
|
|
|
5,421
|
|
Prepayments and other current assets
|
|
|
3,365
|
|
|
|
3,968
|
|
Inventory
|
|
|
797
|
|
|
|
517
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current assets
|
|
|
131,006
|
|
|
|
124,007
|
|
Property, plant and equipment, net
|
|
|
7,691
|
|
|
|
6,617
|
|
Investments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,500
|
|
Goodwill, net
|
|
|
62,691
|
|
|
|
63,579
|
|
Intangible assets, net
|
|
|
4,432
|
|
|
|
3,752
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets
|
|
$
|
205,820
|
|
|
$
|
202,455
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable
|
|
$
|
5,672
|
|
|
$
|
4,680
|
|
Accrued liabilities
|
|
|
11,178
|
|
|
|
12,718
|
|
Deferred revenue
|
|
|
4,759
|
|
|
|
3,914
|
|
Taxes payable
|
|
|
2,124
|
|
|
|
1,554
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current liabilities
|
|
|
23,733
|
|
|
|
22,866
|
|
Shareholders equity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ordinary shares, par value 0.000317 per share; 8,000,000,000 shares authorized at December 31, 2001 and June 30, 2002; 581,180,431
and 590,605,690 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2001 and June 30, 2002
|
|
|
205
|
|
|
|
207
|
|
Additional paid in capital
|
|
|
239,138
|
|
|
|
241,127
|
|
Deferred stock compensation
|
|
|
(5,052
|
)
|
|
|
(4,002
|
)
|
Accumulated other comprehensive income
|
|
|
(3,065
|
)
|
|
|
(3,047
|
)
|
Retained earnings
|
|
|
(49,139
|
)
|
|
|
(54,696
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total shareholders equity
|
|
|
182,087
|
|
|
|
179,589
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities and shareholders equity
|
|
$
|
205,820
|
|
|
$
|
202,455
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an
integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-41
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
|
|
Six months ended June 30,
|
|
|
|
2001
|
|
|
2002
|
|
|
|
(in thousands
|
|
|
|
except share and per share data )
|
|
Revenue
|
|
|
|
|
IP license
|
|
$
|
13,016
|
|
|
$
|
18,766
|
|
IP creation
|
|
|
4,302
|
|
|
|
1,427
|
|
Hard IP
|
|
|
2,625
|
|
|
|
1,298
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenue
|
|
|
19,943
|
|
|
|
21,491
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
IP license
|
|
|
2,149
|
|
|
|
2,943
|
|
IP creation
|
|
|
3,034
|
|
|
|
1,002
|
|
Hard IP
|
|
|
1,423
|
|
|
|
699
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total cost of revenue
|
|
|
6,606
|
|
|
|
4,644
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross margin
|
|
|
13,337
|
|
|
|
16,847
|
|
Research and development
|
|
|
13,744
|
|
|
|
13,516
|
|
Sales and marketing
|
|
|
5,604
|
|
|
|
4,554
|
|
General and administrative
|
|
|
3,790
|
|
|
|
3,100
|
|
Amortization of goodwill & intangible assets
|
|
|
1,674
|
|
|
|
680
|
|
ParthusCeva Merger costs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,463
|
|
Loss on disposal of facility
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
213
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
24,812
|
|
|
|
23,526
|
|
Loss from operations
|
|
|
(11,475
|
)
|
|
|
(6,679
|
)
|
Interest income
|
|
|
3,784
|
|
|
|
1,337
|
|
Foreign exchange loss
|
|
|
(89
|
)
|
|
|
(215
|
)
|
Minority interest
|
|
|
(100
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss before provision for income taxes
|
|
|
(7,880
|
)
|
|
|
(5,557
|
)
|
Provision for income taxes
|
|
|
(300
|
)
|
|
|
(
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss available to ordinary shareholders
|
|
$
|
(8,180
|
)
|
|
$
|
(5,557
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss per ordinary share
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic and diluted
|
|
$
|
(0.015
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.010
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average number of ordinary shares Outstanding
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic and diluted
|
|
|
538,661,930
|
|
|
|
583,404,690
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an
integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-42
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF
SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
|
|
Number of
Ordinary
Shares
|
|
Amount
|
|
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
|
|
|
Deferred
Stock
Compensation
|
|
|
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income
|
|
|
Retained
Earnings
|
|
|
Total
Share-
holders
Equity
|
|
|
|
(in thousands, except share data)
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2001
|
|
581,180,431
|
|
$
|
205
|
|
$
|
239,138
|
|
|
$
|
(5,052
|
)
|
|
$
|
(3,065
|
)
|
|
$
|
(49,139
|
)
|
|
$
|
182,087
|
|
Comprehensive income:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(5,557
|
)
|
|
|
(5,557
|
)
|
Currency translation adjustment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total comprehensive income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(5,539
|
)
|
Exercise of share options
|
|
6,149,690
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
786
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
787
|
|
Issue of ordinary shares
|
|
3,275,569
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
1,215
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,216
|
|
Share issuance costs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(12
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(12
|
)
|
Stock compensation expense
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,050
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,050
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at June 31, 2002
|
|
590,605,690
|
|
$
|
207
|
|
$
|
241,127
|
|
|
$
|
(4,002
|
)
|
|
$
|
(3,047
|
)
|
|
$
|
(54,696
|
)
|
|
$
|
179,589
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consensed consolidated financial statements.
F-43
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
|
|
Six months
ended June 30,
|
|
|
|
2001
|
|
|
2002
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
Cash flows from operating activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss
|
|
$
|
(8,180
|
)
|
|
$
|
(5,557
|
)
|
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss on disposal of facility
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
213
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
1,228
|
|
|
|
1,579
|
|
Amortization of goodwill and intangible assets
|
|
|
1,674
|
|
|
|
680
|
|
Undistributed earnings of minority interest
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unrealized foreign exchange (gains) losses
|
|
|
(307
|
)
|
|
|
288
|
|
Non-cash stock compensation expense
|
|
|
756
|
|
|
|
1,050
|
|
Changes in assets and liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Increase in accounts receivable
|
|
|
(2,298
|
)
|
|
|
(1,434
|
)
|
Increase in prepayments and other current assets
|
|
|
(1,003
|
)
|
|
|
(537
|
)
|
Decrease in inventory
|
|
|
272
|
|
|
|
288
|
|
Increase in accrued liabilities
|
|
|
848
|
|
|
|
1,992
|
|
Increase (decrease) in deferred revenue
|
|
|
2,297
|
|
|
|
(883
|
)
|
Increase (decrease) in taxes payable
|
|
|
915
|
|
|
|
(586
|
)
|
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable
|
|
|
115
|
|
|
|
(1,123
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in operating activities
|
|
|
(3,583
|
)
|
|
|
(4,030
|
)
|
Cash flows from investing activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase of fixed assets
|
|
|
(3,745
|
)
|
|
|
(1,080
|
)
|
Disposal of facility
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(445
|
)
|
Purchase of business and intangible assets
|
|
|
(25,108
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Cash acquired with subsidiary undertaking
|
|
|
1,061
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sale of short term investments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,800
|
|
Other investments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4,900
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in investing activities
|
|
|
(27,792
|
)
|
|
|
(4,625
|
)
|
Cash flows from financing activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from issuance of share capital
|
|
|
1,859
|
|
|
|
1,115
|
|
Share issuance costs
|
|
|
(762
|
)
|
|
|
(12
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by financing activities
|
|
|
1,097
|
|
|
|
1,103
|
|
Effect of exchange rate movements on cash
|
|
|
(586
|
)
|
|
|
150
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
(30,864
|
)
|
|
|
(7,402
|
)
|
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
|
|
|
159,865
|
|
|
|
121,503
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
|
|
$
|
129,001
|
|
|
$
|
114,101
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consensed
consolidated financial statements.
F-44
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Basis of preparation
These condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting
principles, have not been audited. These interim consolidated financial statements reflect all normal and recurring adjustments which are, in the opinion of management, necessary to present this data fairly. The six month periods ended June 30, 2001
and 2002 are regarded as distinct financial periods for accounting purposes with the exception of tax where the periods are allocated as appropriate proportions of the expected amounts of the total annual charge. The results for those periods are
not necessarily indicative of the expected results for the full financial year. The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make
estimates and judgments that affect reported amounts and disclosures in these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates. These unaudited financial statements should be read in conjunction
with the audited financial statements included elsewhere within this prospectus. There have been no significant changes in the Companys accounting policies from those outlined in the audited financial statements for the year ended December 31,
2001.
Certain information and footnote disclosure normally included in financial statements prepared in
accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The condensed consolidated financial statements
should be read in conjunction with the accounting policies and notes to the consolidated financial statements included in the Companys annual report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2001.
2. Net loss per ordinary share
Basic net loss per ordinary share has been computed by dividing net loss available to ordinary shareholders by the weighted average numbers of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net
loss per ordinary share is computed by adjusting the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period for all potentially dilutive shares outstanding and adjusting net loss for any changes in loss that would result from the
conversion of such potential ordinary shares.
There is no difference, for the periods presented, in net loss used
for basic and diluted net loss per ordinary share. The reconciliation of the number of shares used in the computation of basic and net loss per share is as follows:
|
|
Six months ended June 30,
|
|
|
2002
|
|
2001
|
Weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding for basic net loss per ordinary share
|
|
583,404,690
|
|
538,661,930
|
Effect of dilutive share options outstanding
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average number of ordinary shares for diluted net loss per ordinary share
|
|
583,404,690
|
|
538,661,930
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-45
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
3. Business segment information
Management is of the opinion that the Company operates in a single industry segment. The analysis of the Companys operations by
geographical area is as follows:
|
|
Six months ended June 30,
|
Revenue by destination
|
|
2002
|
|
2001
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
United States
|
|
$
|
9,848
|
|
$
|
9,612
|
Europe, Middle East and Africa
|
|
|
9,751
|
|
|
8,397
|
Asia
|
|
|
1,892
|
|
|
1,934
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
21,491
|
|
$
|
19,943
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4. New accounting pronouncements
In July 2001 the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) introduced two new statements: SFAS No. 141, Business
Combinations and Statement No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. Those statements change the accounting for business combinations and goodwill in two significant ways. First, SFAS No. 141 requires that the purchase method
of accounting be used for all business combinations initiated after June 30, 2001. The adoption of the purchase method of accounting had no impact on the Company for the periods presented. Second, SFAS No. 142 changes the accounting for goodwill
from an amortization method to an impairment-only approach. The Company adopted SFAS No. 142 effective January 1, 2002 and, accordingly, goodwill amortization ceased on that date.
The Company completed its transitional assessment of goodwill impairment in the second quarter of fiscal 2002 as required under SFAS No. 142 and the assessment indicates
that there is no charge for impairment.
The following table reconciles the reported net loss for the six months
ended June 30, 2001 to the respective pro forma balance adjusted to exclude goodwill amortization, which is no longer recorded under SFAS No. 142:
|
|
Six months ended June 30, 2001
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reported net loss:
|
|
$
|
(8,180
|
)
|
Add back goodwill amortization
|
|
|
942
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adjusted net income
|
|
$
|
(7,238
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic and diluted net loss per ordinary share:
|
|
|
|
|
Reported
|
|
$
|
(0.015
|
)
|
Add back goodwill amortization
|
|
$
|
0.004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adjusted net loss per ordinary share
|
|
$
|
(0.011
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of
Long-Lived Assets, (SFAS No. 144) addresses financial accounting and reporting for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets. The provisions
F-46
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
of this statement are effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2001. The adoption of this standard did not have any impact on the Companys
consolidated financial statements.
5. Investments
On March 14, 2002 the Company entered into an agreement with UbiNetics to subscribe for 3,966,000 ordinary shares of UbiNetics, representing a minority investment in
the shares of that company, for cash consideration of $4.5 million. The investment has been accounted for under the cost method.
On the same date the Company completed an asset purchase agreement with UbiNetics, pursuant to which the Company disposed of certain assets and liabilities to UbiNetics. The loss recorded on the disposal amounted to $213,000.
6. Foreign currencies
On January 1, 2002, following a review of the economic facts and circumstances in which Parthus operates, the Company and certain subsidiaries adopted the US dollar as the
functional currency. The impact of this change was not material to the reported results of operations.
7. Shareholders equity
Following the announcement of the
Companys intention to enter into a combination agreement with Ceva, Inc., the Company agreed to issue an aggregate of 2,114,109 Parthus ordinary shares effective May 28, 2002 to the former shareholders of Chicory Systems, Inc., in full
satisfaction of the Companys obligations with respect to a contingent issuance of a further 21.9 million ordinary shares in connection with the Companys acquisition of Chicory. The 2,114,109 share issuance was accounted for as additional
purchase consideration and recorded as additional goodwill of $887,926.
During the six months ended June 30,
2002, the Company issued a total of 116,146 ADSs (equivalent to 1,161,460 ordinary shares) to employees under the Companys Employee Share Purchase Plan for consideration of $327,000.
8. Combination with Ceva, Inc.
In April 2002, the Company announced that it had entered into an agreement with DSP Group, Inc. and Ceva, Inc., providing for the merger of Parthus and Ceva, the intellectual property subsidiary of DSP Group. This combination, to be
effected as a merger of equals, has been unanimously approved by the board of directors of both companies. The new combined company, to be called ParthusCeva, Inc., will be incorporated in Delaware and headquartered in San Jose, California, with
principal executive offices in Dublin, Ireland and Herzeliya, Israel.
Prior to the combination, Parthus is to
distribute $60 million cash to shareholders by means of a repayment of capital.
F-47
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS
To the Directors and Shareholders of Parthus Technologies plc
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Parthus Technologies plc and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2000 and 2001 and the related consolidated
statements of operations, shareholders equity and comprehensive income and cash flows for each of the years in the three year period ended December 31, 2001. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Companys
management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements
are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates
made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Parthus Technologies plc and subsidiaries as of
December 31, 2000 and 2001, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three year period ended December 31, 2001 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United
States.
KPMG
Chartered Accountants
Dublin, Ireland
January 25, 2002
F-48
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
2001
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
ASSETS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
159,865
|
|
|
$
|
121,503
|
|
Short term investmentsavailable for sale (note 4)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,800
|
|
Accounts receivable
|
|
|
3,245
|
|
|
|
3,541
|
|
Government grants receivable
|
|
|
904
|
|
|
|
|
|
Prepayments and other current assets (note 5)
|
|
|
2,851
|
|
|
|
3,365
|
|
Inventory (note 6)
|
|
|
1,250
|
|
|
|
797
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current assets
|
|
|
168,115
|
|
|
|
131,006
|
|
Property, plant and equipment, net (note 7)
|
|
|
4,891
|
|
|
|
7,691
|
|
Goodwill, net (note 9)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
62,691
|
|
Intangible assets, net (note 10)
|
|
|
6,240
|
|
|
|
4,432
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets
|
|
$
|
179,246
|
|
|
$
|
205,820
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable
|
|
$
|
3,802
|
|
|
$
|
5,672
|
|
Accrued liabilities (note 11)
|
|
|
9,438
|
|
|
|
11,178
|
|
Deferred revenue
|
|
|
5,680
|
|
|
|
4,759
|
|
Taxes payable
|
|
|
1,809
|
|
|
|
2,124
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current liabilities
|
|
|
20,729
|
|
|
|
23,733
|
|
Minority interests (note 12)
|
|
|
1,001
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholders equity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ordinary shares, par value 0.000317per share; 8,000,000,000 shares authorized at December 3l, 2000 and 2001;
530,595,999 and 581,180,431 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2000 and 2001 (note 14)
|
|
|
191
|
|
|
|
205
|
|
Additional paid in capital
|
|
|
177,657
|
|
|
|
239,138
|
|
Deferred stock compensation
|
|
|
(4,147
|
)
|
|
|
(5,052
|
)
|
Accumulated other comprehensive income
|
|
|
(1,705
|
)
|
|
|
(3,065
|
)
|
Retained earnings
|
|
|
(14,480
|
)
|
|
|
(49,139
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total shareholders equity
|
|
|
157,516
|
|
|
|
182,087
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities and shareholders equity
|
|
$
|
179,246
|
|
|
$
|
205,820
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
F-49
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
1999
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
2001
|
|
|
|
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
|
|
Revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
IP license
|
|
$
|
5,214
|
|
|
$
|
16,059
|
|
|
$
|
29,998
|
|
IP creation
|
|
|
13,826
|
|
|
|
12,433
|
|
|
|
6,756
|
|
Hard IP
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,428
|
|
|
|
4,165
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenue
|
|
|
19,040
|
|
|
|
31,920
|
|
|
|
40,919
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
IP license
|
|
|
983
|
|
|
|
2,960
|
|
|
|
5,052
|
|
IP creation
|
|
|
8,325
|
|
|
|
8,334
|
|
|
|
4,751
|
|
Hard IP
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,116
|
|
|
|
2,261
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total cost of revenue
|
|
|
9,308
|
|
|
|
13,410
|
|
|
|
12,064
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross margin
|
|
|
9,732
|
|
|
|
18,510
|
|
|
|
28,855
|
|
Research and development (note 15)
|
|
|
7,128
|
|
|
|
19,090
|
|
|
|
29,994
|
|
Sales and marketing (note 15)
|
|
|
2,479
|
|
|
|
9,012
|
|
|
|
11,054
|
|
General and administrative (note 15)
|
|
|
2,994
|
|
|
|
9,741
|
|
|
|
7,364
|
|
Amortization of goodwill and intangible assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,081
|
|
|
|
9,195
|
|
In-process research and development charge (note 8)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10,895
|
|
Restructuring charge (note 17)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
765
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
12,601
|
|
|
|
38,924
|
|
|
|
69,267
|
|
Loss from operations
|
|
|
(2,869
|
)
|
|
|
(20,414
|
)
|
|
|
(40,412
|
)
|
Interest income
|
|
|
172
|
|
|
|
5,346
|
|
|
|
6,394
|
|
Interest expense (note 16)
|
|
|
(27
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign exchange gain (loss)
|
|
|
241
|
|
|
|
434
|
|
|
|
(241
|
)
|
Minority interest (note 12)
|
|
|
(75
|
)
|
|
|
(204
|
)
|
|
|
(100
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss before provision for income taxes
|
|
|
(2,558
|
)
|
|
|
(14,838
|
)
|
|
|
(34,359
|
)
|
Provision for income taxes (note 18)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,205
|
)
|
|
|
(300
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss
|
|
|
(2,558
|
)
|
|
|
(16,043
|
)
|
|
|
(34,659
|
)
|
Preference dividends (note 13)
|
|
|
(54
|
)
|
|
|
(15
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss available to ordinary shareholders
|
|
$
|
(2,612
|
)
|
|
$
|
(16,058
|
)
|
|
$
|
(34,659
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss per ordinary share
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic and diluted
|
|
$
|
(0.007
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.034
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.062
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average number of ordinary shares
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic and diluted
|
|
|
362,473,760
|
|
|
|
471,389,525
|
|
|
|
558,946,827
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
F-50
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY
AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
|
|
Number of Ordinary Shares
|
|
Amount
|
|
Additional Paid-in Capital
|
|
|
Deferred Stock Compensation
|
|
|
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
|
|
|
Retained Earnings
|
|
|
Total Share- holders Equity
|
|
|
|
(in thousands, except share data)
|
|
Balance at December 31, 1998
|
|
362,473,760
|
|
$
|
143
|
|
$
|
7,876
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
(100
|
)
|
|
$
|
4,190
|
|
|
$
|
12,109
|
|
Comprehensive income:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,558
|
)
|
|
|
(2,558
|
)
|
Currency translation adjustment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,668
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,668
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total comprehensive Income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4,226
|
)
|
Non cash stock compensation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,726
|
|
|
|
(2,726
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stock compensation Expense
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
52
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
52
|
|
Preference dividends
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(54
|
)
|
|
|
(54
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 1999
|
|
362,473,760
|
|
|
143
|
|
|
10,602
|
|
|
|
(2,674
|
)
|
|
|
(1,768
|
)
|
|
$
|
1,578
|
|
|
$
|
7,881
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Comprehensive income:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(16,043
|
)
|
|
|
(16,043
|
)
|
Currency translation adjustment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
63
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
63
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total comprehensive Income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(15,980
|
)
|
Exercise of share options
|
|
39,477,264
|
|
|
11
|
|
|
1,377
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,388
|
|
Issue of ordinary shares
|
|
128,644,975
|
|
|
37
|
|
|
172,858
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
172,895
|
|
Share issue costs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(14,193
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(14,193
|
)
|
Non cash stock compensation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7,013
|
|
|
|
(7,013
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stock compensation Expense
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5,540
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5,540
|
|
Preference dividends
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(15
|
)
|
|
|
(15
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2000
|
|
530,595,999
|
|
$
|
191
|
|
$
|
177,657
|
|
|
$
|
(4,147
|
)
|
|
$
|
(1,705
|
)
|
|
$
|
(14,480
|
)
|
|
$
|
157,516
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Comprehensive income:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(34,659
|
)
|
|
|
(34,659
|
)
|
Currency translation adjustment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,360
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,360
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total comprehensive Income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(36,019
|
)
|
Exercise of share options
|
|
7,976,400
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
1,160
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,162
|
|
Issue of ordinary shares
|
|
42,608,032
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
58,372
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
58,384
|
|
Share issue costs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(762
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(762
|
)
|
Non-cash stock compensation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,711
|
|
|
|
(2,711
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stock compensation expense
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,806
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,806
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2001
|
|
581,180,431
|
|
$
|
205
|
|
$
|
239,138
|
|
|
$
|
(5,052
|
)
|
|
$
|
(3,065
|
)
|
|
$
|
(49,139
|
)
|
|
$
|
182,087
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
F-51
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
1999
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
2001
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
Cash flows from operating activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss
|
|
$
|
(2,558
|
)
|
|
$
|
(16,043
|
)
|
|
$
|
(34,659
|
)
|
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss on disposal of fixed assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
1,089
|
|
|
|
1,944
|
|
|
|
2,668
|
|
Amortization of goodwill and intangible assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,081
|
|
|
|
9,195
|
|
In-process research and development charge
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10,895
|
|
Non-cash interest expense
|
|
|
27
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Undistributed earnings of minority interest
|
|
|
75
|
|
|
|
204
|
|
|
|
100
|
|
Unrealized foreign exchange gains
|
|
|
(143
|
)
|
|
|
(341
|
)
|
|
|
(556
|
)
|
Non-cash stock compensation expense
|
|
|
52
|
|
|
|
5,540
|
|
|
|
1,806
|
|
Changes in assets and liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Increase in accounts receivable
|
|
|
(1,396
|
)
|
|
|
(249
|
)
|
|
|
(472
|
)
|
(Increase) decrease in prepayments and other current assets
|
|
|
(375
|
)
|
|
|
(2,575
|
)
|
|
|
455
|
|
(Increase) decrease in related party receivables
|
|
|
(425
|
)
|
|
|
400
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Increase) decrease in inventory
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(288
|
)
|
|
|
425
|
|
Increase in accrued liabilities
|
|
|
2,096
|
|
|
|
5,563
|
|
|
|
838
|
|
Increase (decrease) in deferred revenue
|
|
|
874
|
|
|
|
3,940
|
|
|
|
(946
|
)
|
(Decrease) increase in taxes payable
|
|
|
(358
|
)
|
|
|
1,232
|
|
|
|
404
|
|
Increase in accounts payable
|
|
|
654
|
|
|
|
2,456
|
|
|
|
1,930
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities
|
|
|
(388
|
)
|
|
|
2,865
|
|
|
|
(7,916
|
)
|
Cash flows from investing activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase of fixed assets
|
|
|
(1,281
|
)
|
|
|
(3,428
|
)
|
|
|
(5,538
|
)
|
Sale of fixed assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase of business and intangible assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(7,453
|
)
|
|
|
(25,108
|
)
|
Cash acquired with subsidiary undertaking
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,061
|
|
Purchase of short term investments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,800
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in investing activities
|
|
|
(1,281
|
)
|
|
|
(10,880
|
)
|
|
|
(31,385
|
)
|
Cash flows from financing activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from issuance of share capital
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
172,424
|
|
|
|
2,209
|
|
Share issuance costs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(12,535
|
)
|
|
|
(762
|
)
|
Redemption of redeemable shares
|
|
|
(664
|
)
|
|
|
(1,623
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from (repayment of) bank overdraft
|
|
|
84
|
|
|
|
(84
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Preference dividends paid
|
|
|
(54
|
)
|
|
|
(15
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities
|
|
|
(634
|
)
|
|
|
158,167
|
|
|
|
1,447
|
|
Effect of exchange rate movements on cash
|
|
|
(1,733
|
)
|
|
|
(601
|
)
|
|
|
(508
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
(4,036
|
)
|
|
|
149,551
|
|
|
|
(38,362
|
)
|
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
|
|
|
14,350
|
|
|
|
10,314
|
|
|
|
159,865
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
|
|
$
|
10,314
|
|
|
$
|
159,865
|
|
|
$
|
121,503
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
F-52
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Business Overview
Parthus Technologies plc and its subsidiary companies (collectively known as the Company) is a leading supplier of
platform-level intellectual property solutions to the mobile Internet market. The Company offers businesses significant time-to-market advantages by delivering system level solutions for mobile Internet devices that can be integrated quickly and
easily with customer owned technology and third party industry standards. The Companys customers consist primarily of leading electronic product and semiconductor manufacturers.
2. Significant accounting polices
(a) Basis of preparation
The accounting policies noted below were
applied in the preparation of the accompanying financial statements and are in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (US GAAP).
(b) Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ
from those estimates.
(c) Principles of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the Company and all of its subsidiaries. All significant
intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated on consolidation.
(d) Revenue
recognition
The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with the provisions of the American Institute of
Certified Public Accountants Statement of Position No. 97-2 and No. 98-4 Software Revenue Recognition (SOP 97-2 and SOP 98-4) as follows:
Intellectual Property (IP) Licence revenue consists of license fees received under the terms of license agreements with customers to enable them to use the Companys
IP which is customized to each customers specific requirements. The Company licenses its IP to leading semiconductor manufacturers and electronic product manufacturers for applications in the Mobile-Internet market. The Companys IP
consists of software and related documentation that enable a customer to produce integrated circuits and related technology and software. In general the time between the signing of a license and final customer acceptance is between three and twelve
months with most time allocated to the period between delivery and acceptance of the technology. Delivery generally occurs within a short time period after signing.
Fees are payable upon completion of agreed upon milestones, such as delivery of specifications and technical documentation. Each licence is designed to meet the specific
requirements of the particular customer and can vary from rights to incorporate Company technology into a customers own application specific product to the complete design of a system on a chip.
No upgrades or modifications to the licensed IP are provided. Following customer acceptance, the Company has no further obligations under
the license agreement.
F-53
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
Revenues from initial license fees are recognized based on the
percentage to completion method over the period from signing of the license through to customer acceptance. Initial license fees are recognized using the percentage of completion method as software requires significant modification or customization.
The amount of revenue recognized is based on the total license fees under the license agreement and the percentage to completion achieved. The percentage to completion is measured by monitoring progress using records of actual time incurred to date
in the project compared to the total estimated project requirement, which corresponds to the costs related to earned revenues. Estimates of total project requirements are based on prior experience of customization, delivery and acceptance of the
same or similar technology and are reviewed and updated regularly by management. After delivery, if uncertainty exists about customer acceptance of the software, license revenue would not be recognized until acceptance. Under the percentage to
completion method, provisions for estimated losses on uncompleted contracts are recognized in the period in which the likelihood of such losses is determined.
The Company believes that the use of the percentage of completion method is appropriate as the Company has the ability to make reasonably dependable estimates of the extent of progress towards
completion, contract revenues and contract costs. In addition, contracts executed include provisions that clearly specify the enforceable rights regarding services to be provided and received by the parties to the contracts, the consideration to be
exchanged and the manner and terms of settlement. In all cases the Company expects to perform its contractual obligations and its licensees are expected to satisfy their obligations under the contract.
The excess of license fees received over revenue recognized in respect of such fees is recorded as deferred revenue.
In addition to the license fees, contracts generally contain an agreement to provide post contract (support, maintenance and
training) which consists of an identified customer contact at the Group and telephone or e-mail support. Fees for post contract support which take place after customer acceptance are specified in the contract. Revenue for post contract support is
recognized on a straight-line basis over the period for which support and maintenance and training is contractually agreed by the Company with the licensee.
IP creation is the development and design of integrated circuits. Revenues from IP creation comprise revenues arising from fee for service contracts based on time and materials. Revenue from IP
creation is recognized when the service has been provided and all obligations to the customer under the contract have been fulfilled.
Hard IP is the incorporation of intellectual property into reference designs (either as silicon chips or printed circuit boards). Revenues from Hard IP are recognized when reference designs are complete, delivery has
occurred and all obligations to the customer are fulfilled.
(e) Research and development
Research and development expenditure is expensed in the period in which it is incurred.
(f) Government grants
Government grants received relating to capital expenditure are offset against the cost of the related property, plant and equipment.
Grants relating to categories of operating expenditures are credited to income in the period in which the expenditure to which they relate
is charged.
F-54
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(g) Pension costs
The Company contributes to defined contribution plans covering all eligible employees. The Company contributes to these plans based upon
various fixed percentages of employee compensation, and such contributions are expensed as incurred. The amounts of contributions expensed by the Company for the years ended December 31, 1999, 2000 and 2001 were $848,000, $1,529,000 and $1,727,000,
respectively.
(h) Cash equivalents
The Group considers all highly liquid investments with original maturity dates of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
(i) Property, plant and equipment
The cost of property, plant and equipment is their purchase cost, together with any incidental costs of acquisition.
Depreciation is calculated so as to write off the cost of property, plant and equipment, less estimated residual values, on a straight line basis over the expected
useful economic lives of the assets concerned. The principal economic lives used for this purpose are:
Work stations
|
|
34 years
|
Plant and machinery
|
|
35 years
|
Office equipment
|
|
45 years
|
Motor vehicles
|
|
4 years
|
(j) Intangible assets
Intangible assets represent the acquisition of intellectual property and patents which are amortized over five years on a
straight line basis, representing the estimated period over which benefits are expected to accrue. Where events and circumstances are present which indicate that the carrying amount of an intangible asset may not be recoverable, the Company
estimates the future undiscounted cash flows expected to result from use of the asset and its eventual disposition. Where future undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the asset, the Company will recognize an impairment loss,
otherwise no loss is recognized. This impairment loss is measured by comparing the fair value of the asset with its carrying value.
(k) Goodwill
Goodwill arising on acquisition is capitalized and
amortized over five years on a straight line basis, representing the estimated period over which benefits are expected to accrue. Where events and circumstances are present which indicate that the carrying amount of goodwill may not be recoverable,
the Company estimates the future undiscounted cash flows expected to result from use of the goodwill and its eventual disposition. Where future undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the asset, the Company will recognize an
impairment loss, otherwise no loss is recognized. The impairment loss is measured by comparing the fair value of the asset with its carrying value. The Company adopted SFAS No. 142 Goodwill and Intangible Assets effective from January 1,
2002. SFAS No. 142 changes the accounting for goodwill from an amortization method to an impairment only approach. Amortization of goodwill ceases on adoption of SFAS No. 142.
(l) Investmentsavailable for sale
The Company has classified short term investments as available for sale in accordance with the terms of SFAS No. 115 Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities. The
investments are reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses reported in a separate component of shareholder equity. No unrealized gain or loss arose in the year ended December 31, 2001.
F-55
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(m) Inventory
Inventory is valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value and after provisions for obsolescence. Cost in the case of raw materials
comprises the purchase price and attributable costs, less trade discounts. Cost in the case of work in progress and finished goods, comprises fixed labor, raw materials costs and attributable overheads.
(n) Operating leases
Costs in respect of operating leases are charged on a straight line basis over the lease term.
(o) Accounting for stock based compensation
The Company has elected to use the intrinsic value-based method to account for all of its employee stock based compensation plans under APB Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees.
Stock compensation is amortized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the options, typically four years. The
Company has adopted the disclosure requirements of the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123, Accounting for Stock Based Compensation (see note 15).
The Company has not granted options to non employees.
(p) Foreign currencies and translation of subsidiaries
The Company reporting currency is the US dollar ($).
The
functional currency of the Company is Euro and the functional currency of the Companys overseas operations is the local currency in which its operations conduct their business.
The assets and liabilities of subsidiaries denominated in foreign currencies are translated into Euro at rates of exchange at the balance sheet date.
Statements of income of overseas subsidiaries are translated into Euro at the average exchange rate for the period. Translation
differences are taken to the cumulative translation adjustment.
Assets and liabilities so determined are
translated into the Companys reporting currency at the exchange rate at the balance sheet date. Revenues, expenses, gains and losses are translated at a weighted average of the exchange rates during the period, and all translation effects of
exchange rate changes are included in the cumulative translation adjustment as a separate component of shareholders equity.
Transactions in currencies other than the functional currency are recorded at the rate at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated at
exchange rates prevailing at the balance sheet date. Adjustments resulting from these translations are taken to income and, where material, are separately disclosed.
Dividends declared by the Company will be declared in Euro.
F-56
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(q) Disclosure about fair value of financial instruments
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each material class of
financial instrument:
The carrying amount of cash, cash equivalents, short term investments,
unbilled revenue, other receivables, prepayments and other current assets and accounts receivable approximates fair value due to the short term maturities of these instruments.
The carrying amount of accounts payable, payments received on account, accrued liabilities and taxes payable approximates fair value due to the short term
maturities of these instruments.
(r) Income taxes
The Company applies SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, which requires the asset and liability method
of accounting for income taxes. Under the asset and liability method of SFAS No. 109, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of
existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates that will apply to taxable income in the years in which these
temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.
(s) Advertising costs
All costs associated with advertising and promotion are expensed as incurred. The advertising and promotion expense was
$78,000, $1,566,000 and $753,000 for the years ended December 31, 1999, 2000 and 2001, respectively.
(t)
Net loss per ordinary share
Basic net loss per ordinary share has been computed by dividing net loss
available to ordinary shareholders by the weighted average numbers of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per ordinary share is computed by adjusting the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the
period for all potentially dilutive ordinary shares outstanding during the period and adjusting net loss for any changes in loss that would result from the conversion of such potential ordinary shares.
There is no difference, for the years presented, in net loss used for basic and diluted net loss per ordinary share. The reconciliation of
the number of shares used in the computation of basic and diluted net income loss per ordinary share is as follows:
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
1999
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
Weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding for basic net loss per ordinary share
|
|
362,473,760
|
|
471,389,525
|
|
558,946,827
|
Effect of dilutive share options outstanding
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average number of ordinary shares for diluted net loss per ordinary share
|
|
362,473,760
|
|
471,389,525
|
|
558,946,827
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In the years ended December 31, 1999, 2000 and 2001, share options
(see note 15) are anti dilutive.
F-57
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(u) Allowance for bad debts
The Company recorded an allowance for bad debts in the year ended December 31, 2001 of $232,000. No such allowance was recorded at
December 31, 2000.
(v) Comprehensive income
Total comprehensive income includes net income and other comprehensive income which, for the Company, is comprised of currency translation
adjustments.
(w) Recently issued accounting standards
In June 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations. This
statement requires that the purchase method of accounting be used for all business combinations initiated after June 30, 2001. The adoption of this standard did not have any impact on the Companys consolidated financial statements.
In July 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 142 Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets which revises the
accounting for purchased goodwill and other intangible assets. SFAS No. 142 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2001, with earlier adoption permitted. The Company will adopt SFAS No. 142 effective from January 1, 2002. Under
SFAS No. 142, purchased goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives are no longer amortized, but instead tested for impairment at least annually. Accordingly, the Company has ceased amortization of all goodwill as of January 1, 2002.
Goodwill amortization amounted to $7,824,000 for the year ended December 31, 2001. No goodwill amortization arose in either of the years ended December 31, 1999 and 2000. The Company does not have any intangible assets, other than goodwill, with
indefinite lives. Intangible assets with finite lives, primarily patents and intellectual property, will continue to be amortized over their useful lives, currently estimated at five years. The Company recorded amortization of intangible assets of
$Nil, $1,081,000 and $1,371,000 for the years ended December 31, 1999, 2000 and 2001 respectively.
SFAS No. 142
requires a two step impairment test for goodwill. The first step is to compare the carrying amount of the reporting units assets to the fair value of the reporting unit. If the carrying amount exceeds the fair value then the second step is
required to be completed, which involves the fair value of the reporting unit being allocated to each asset and liability with the excess being implied goodwill. The impairment loss is the amount by which the recorded goodwill exceeds the implied
goodwill. The Company is required to complete a transitional impairment test for goodwill as of the beginning of the fiscal year in which the statement is adopted. This transitional impairment test requires that the Company complete step
one of the goodwill impairment test within six months from December 31, 2001. The Company is currently completing this transitional impairment test and does not expect to incur any impairment charges to goodwill.
SFAS No. 143, Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations (SFAS No. 143), addresses financial accounting and
reporting for obligations associated with the retirement of tangible long-lived assets and the associated asset retirement costs. The statement requires that the fair value of a liability for an asset retirement obligation be recognized in the
period in which it is incurred if a reasonable estimate of fair value can be made. The associated asset retirement costs are capitalised as part of the carrying amount of the long-lived asset. This statement is effective for financial statements
issued for fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2002. The Company does not expect that SFAS No. 143 will have a material impact on the financial statements.
SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, (SFAS No. 144) addresses financial accounting and reporting for the impairment or disposal of
long-lived assets. The provisions
F-58
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
of this statement are effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2001. The Company does not expect that SFAS No. 144 will have a material impact on
the financial statements.
In April 2002, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued SFAS No. 145
Rescission of FASB Statements No. 4, 44 and 64, Amendment of FASB Statement No. 13, and Technical Corrections. SFAS No. 145 provides for the rescission of several previously issued accounting standards, new accounting guidance for the
accounting for certain lease modifications and various technical corrections that are not substantive in nature to existing pronouncements. SFAS No. 145 will be adopted beginning January 1, 2003, except for the provisions relating to the amendment
of SFAS No. 13, which will be adopted for transactions occurring subsequent to May 15, 2002. Adoption of SFAS No. 145 will not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
3. Related party transactions
The Company trades in the normal course of business with STMicroelectronics Srl., which held 20% of the equity of Silicon Systems Design Limited, a subsidiary undertaking, until June 29, 2001. On that
date, Parthus acquired the STMicroelectronics Srl. 20% shareholding in Silicon Systems Design for consideration of $38,640,000 (see note 8).
During the year ended December 31, 2001 Parthus and STMicroelectronics Srl. entered into a multi-technology portfolio licensing and royalty agreement for the complete suite of Parthus mobile Internet
IP Platforms. Revenue generated from STMicroelectronics Srl. during the years ended December 31, 1999, 2000 and 2001 was $12,879,000, $12,442,000 and $12,592,000, respectively. The account receivables balances with STMicroelectronics Srl. at
December 31, 2000 and 2001 were $12,500 and $404,500 respectively.
William McCabe and Sven-Christer Nilsson, our
non-executive directors receive directors fees of approximately $10,000 and $40,000 per annum, plus reasonable expenses. Mr. McCabe is also entitled to approximately $25,000 per annum for consulting services rendered to us.
On July 1, 1996 the Group entered into a property lease agreement with Veton Properties Limited to lease its head office. The lease term
is 25 years from July 1, 1996 subject to annual rent of 380,922 ($341,000). Brian Long and Peter McManamon are minority shareholders in the equity of Veton Properties Limited.
During the year ended December 31, 1999, the Group advanced an interest free loan of $400,000 to William McLean, president of US operations and vice president of world-wide
sales. The loan was repaid in full in March 2000.
4. Short term investmentsavailable for sale
The Company has classified its investment portfolio, comprising short term minimum AA rated
securities, as available for sale. The investments are reported at fair value. The balance was converted into cash in January 2002.
5. Prepayments and other current assets
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
VAT taxes recoverable
|
|
$
|
456
|
|
$
|
201
|
Prepayments
|
|
|
1,538
|
|
|
859
|
Accrued income
|
|
|
483
|
|
|
2,087
|
Other current assets
|
|
|
374
|
|
|
218
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
2,851
|
|
$
|
3,365
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-59
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
6. Inventory
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
Raw materials
|
|
$
|
964
|
|
$
|
635
|
Work in progress
|
|
|
261
|
|
|
103
|
Finished goods
|
|
|
25
|
|
|
59
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
1,250
|
|
$
|
797
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7. Property, plant and equipment
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
2001
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
Cost
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Work stations
|
|
$
|
7,847
|
|
|
$
|
11,611
|
|
Office equipment
|
|
|
1,356
|
|
|
|
2,775
|
|
Plant and machinery
|
|
|
476
|
|
|
|
539
|
|
Motor vehicles
|
|
|
50
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9,729
|
|
|
|
14,925
|
|
Less accumulated depreciation
|
|
|
(4,838
|
)
|
|
|
(7,234
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property, plant and equipment (net)
|
|
$
|
4,891
|
|
|
$
|
7,691
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation charged to income for the years ended December 31,
1999, 2000 and 2001 was $1,089,000, $1,944,000 and $2,668,000 respectively.
8. Acquisitions
Acquisition of Chicory Systems Inc.
On May 22, 2001 the Company acquired 100% of the outstanding shares in Chicory Systems Inc., a company incorporated in the United States of America. The results of Chicory
Systems Inc have been included in the consolidated financial statements since May 22, 2001. Chicory Systems Inc. delivers innovative, silicon-based intellectual property that accelerates critical mobile Internet applications.
The aggregate purchase price was $43,441,000, comprising cash of $11,708,000 and the issuance of 22,221,442 new ordinary shares
with a fair market value of $31,733,000. The fair market value of the issued shares was determined based on the average market price of Parthus shares over the 5-day period before and after the terms of the acquisition were agreed to and
announced.
The acquisition agreement provides for the issuance of a maximum of 21.9 million additional Parthus
ordinary shares contingent upon the achievement by Chicory of certain performance targets over the period to December 31, 2002. Such potential additional purchase consideration will be recorded as goodwill.
All outstanding unvested options over ordinary shares in Chicory Systems Inc. were exchanged for a total of 1,950,167 options over
ordinary shares in the Company, the intrinsic value of which was recorded as deferred stock compensation of $2,711,000 and is being amortized on a straight line basis over the remaining option vesting period of two to four years.
F-60
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
The purchase price exceeded the amounts allocated to the assets
acquired and liabilities assumed by $32,884,000 and this excess has been classified as goodwill. The following table summarises the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition.
|
|
$000
|
|
Cash
|
|
1,061
|
|
Prepayments
|
|
76
|
|
Property, plant and equipment
|
|
132
|
|
In-process research and development
|
|
10,895
|
|
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
|
|
(1,243
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets acquired
|
|
10,921
|
|
Purchase consideration including costs of acquisition
|
|
43,805
|
|
|
|
|
|
Goodwill
|
|
32,884
|
|
|
|
|
|
The value assigned to purchased in-process technology relates to
two microprocessor architecture projects (Project A and Project B) valued at $7,370,000 and $3,525,000 respectively. The estimated fair value of the acquired in-process research and development projects that had not yet reached technological
feasibility and had no alternative future use amounted to $10,895,000.
Technological feasibility or commercial
viability of these projects was not established at the acquisition date. These products were considered to have no alternative future use other than the technological indications for which they were in development. Accordingly, these amounts were
immediately expensed in the consolidated statement of operations on the acquisition date in accordance with FASB Interpretation No. 4, Applicability of FASB Statement No. 2 to Business Combinations Accounted for by the Purchase Method.
The estimated fair values of these projects were determined using discounted cash flow models. Projects A and B were estimated to be 80% and 50% complete, respectively; estimated costs to completion of these products were approximately $570,000 and
$700,000, respectively, and discount rates of 35% and 40%, respectively, were used. Both projects involve completion of hardware and software elements. The hardware component must be finalized before the software piece (consisting of validation
work, completion of the driver code, etc.) can be started. At the valuation date, Project A had not completed the software element and the Project B had not completed the hardware component. These projects were expected to be completed by the end of
2001, when the company expected to commence sales of the products. The principal risks relating to the development of the Project A product technology include completing the hardware solutions, developing the reference software and reference manual,
testing and debugging. The principal risks relating to the development of the Project B product technology include completing the micro-architecture, developing the driver code and software for the end product, debugging and testing. Each of these
steps must be completed before the products can be released into the market.
The primary focus of Parthus was on
the completion of Project A, not only as a stand alone architecture but also with the ability to fully integrate it with existing and future Parthus technology platforms. Costs of approximately $700,000 were incurred on the completion of the Project
A architecture. Project A was completed, in line with expectations, in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2001 and is the primary architecture used in Parthus Machstream platform technology which Parthus is currently licensing.
In the third quarter of fiscal 2001, following a strategic review, Parthus decided to suspend further investment in Project B.
F-61
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
Acquisition of minority interest in Silicon Systems Design Limited
On June 29, 2001 the Company acquired the remaining 20% minority interest in Silicon Systems Design Limited,
a subsidiary of the Company, from STMicroelectronics Srl.
The purchase price was $38,602,000 before acquisition
costs of $38,000, comprising cash of $12,998,000 and the issuance of 18,393,670 new ordinary shares with a fair market value of $25,604,000. The fair market value of the issued shares was determined based on the average market price of Parthus
shares over the 5-day period before and after the terms of the acquisition were agreed to and announced. The excess of total purchase consideration of $38,640,000 including acquisition costs over the fair value of the minority interest acquired of
$1,009,000 (note 12) has been allocated to goodwill.
Proforma information
The proforma effect of the acquisitions of Chicory Systems Inc. and the minority interest in Silicon Systems Design Limited if completed
on January 1, 2001, would have resulted in revenues, net loss and basic and diluted loss per ordinary share of $40,919,000, $43,769,000 and $0.076 respectively for the year ended December 31, 2001. The proforma effect of the acquisitions, if
completed on January 1, 2000 would have resulted in revenues, net loss and basic and diluted loss per ordinary share of $31,920,000, $32,690,000 and $0.064 respectively for the year ended December 31, 2000. The unaudited proforma information does
not purport to represent what the Companys results of operations would actually have been had the acquisition occurred on such dates, nor does it purport to represent the results of operations of the Company for any future period.
Acquisition of the UK based GPS business of Symmetricom Limited
On March 29, 2000 the Company acquired the UK based GPS business of Symmetricom Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of Symmetricom, Inc.,
for cash consideration of $6,453,000. On the same date, Symmetricom Inc. subscribed for 2,045,000 ordinary shares for consideration of $1,859,000. The business combination has been accounted for as a purchase. The total purchase consideration of
$8,312,000 was allocated as follows:
|
|
(in thousands)
|
Plant and equipment
|
|
$
|
896
|
Inventory
|
|
|
1,095
|
Intangible assetspatents
|
|
|
6,321
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
8,312
|
|
|
|
|
The patents acquired have an estimated life of five years.
9. Goodwill
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
Acquired during year (note 8)
|
|
$
|
|
|
$
|
70,515
|
|
Less: accumulated amortization
|
|
|
|
|
|
(7,824
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
$
|
62,691
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-62
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
10. Intangible assets
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
2001
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
Cost
|
|
$
|
7,321
|
|
|
$
|
6,793
|
|
Less: accumulated amortization
|
|
|
(1,081
|
)
|
|
|
(2,361
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
6,240
|
|
|
$
|
4,432
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Intangible assets represent the acquisition of certain intellectual
property from Frontier Design on May 4, 2000 for cash consideration of $1,000,000 together with the value of patents acquired on the purchase of the UK based GPS business of Symmetricom Limited in 2000.
11. Accrued liabilities
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
Salary accruals
|
|
$
|
2,429
|
|
$
|
4,047
|
CAD rental
|
|
|
1,094
|
|
|
312
|
Professional fees
|
|
|
374
|
|
|
1,052
|
Amount due to Forbairt, an Irish Government Agency
|
|
|
314
|
|
|
167
|
Share issue costs accruals
|
|
|
1,658
|
|
|
51
|
Other accruals
|
|
|
3,569
|
|
|
5,549
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
9,438
|
|
$
|
11,178
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12. Minority interest
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
2001
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
Opening balance
|
|
$
|
909
|
|
|
$
|
1,001
|
|
Share of profit for year
|
|
|
204
|
|
|
|
100
|
|
Currency translation adjustment
|
|
|
(112
|
)
|
|
|
(92
|
)
|
Minority interest acquired (note 8)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,009
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
1,001
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13. Redeemable shares
The Company paid dividends of $15,000 during the year ended December 31, 2000 to holders of 4% cumulative redeemable preference shares.
These shares were redeemed for cash at par on April 7, 2000.
The Company redeemed 50,000 redeemable preference
shares of 1.269738 each and 16,527,600 B redeemable preference shares of 0.031743 each for cash at par on April 7, 2000.
In 1994 and 1995 the Company raised finance through the issue of 29,230,400 redeemable ordinary shares with put and call option arrangements to enable the investors to call upon the Company to buy out
the investors
F-63
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
redeemable ordinary shares at a price to be determined based upon a multiple of ten times one years average of the after tax profits in a specified three year period prior to the exercise
of the option. In the year to December 31, 1999, 19,000,000 redeemable ordinary shares were repurchased for cash of $664,000. The difference between the carrying amount and the estimated repurchase price of the redeemable ordinary shares was
accreted to income over the term of the related financing. The Company redeemed the remaining 10,230,400 redeemable ordinary shares in April 2000 for cash of $295,000.
14. Equity share capital
On April
7, 2000 the Company reorganized its equity share capital. The Company reclassified 96,901,920 A convertible preferred ordinary shares and 14,022,800 C deferred ordinary shares in issue into an equal number of ordinary shares.
Following the reorganization, the Company had one class of shares in issue. All references to ordinary shares, A convertible preferred ordinary shares and C deferred ordinary shares were restated to reflect the capital
reorganization of April 7, 2000.
On February 29, 2000 the Company effected a stock split of four ordinary shares
for each one ordinary share outstanding at that date.
On April 20, 2000 the Company effected a stock split of 10
ordinary shares for each one ordinary share outstanding at that date.
All references to share and per share
amounts have been restated to reflect these stock splits.
Holders of ordinary shares will be entitled to receive
such dividends as may be recommended by the board of directors of the Company and approved by the shareholders as the board of directors of the Company may decide.
On March 29, 2000 Symmetricom, Inc. subscribed for 2,045,000 ordinary shares as part of the acquisition by the Company of the UK based GPS business of Symmetricom Limited
(see note 8).
On March 29, 2000 3 Com Ventures Inc. subscribed for 4,398,720 ordinary shares for cash
consideration of $4 million.
On March 31, 2000 ARM Limited subscribed for 2,199,360 ordinary shares for cash
consideration of $2 million.
On May 19, 2000 the Company completed an initial public offering (IPO)
of its shares on both the Nasdaq National Market and London Stock Exchange. The Company issued a total of 111,309,328 ordinary shares for gross proceeds of $140.2 million. Expenses incurred in connection with the offering amounted to $12.5 million.
On November 8, 2000 the Company completed an offering of 8,300,705 ordinary shares for gross proceeds of $23.9
million. Expenses incurred in connection with the offering amounted to $1.7 million.
In June 2000, the Company
approved the introduction of an Employee Share Purchase Plan (ESPP) which provides eligible employees with the opportunity to purchase ordinary shares in the form of American Depositary Shares (ADSs) at a price of 85% of the
ADS market value over a designated period. Substantially all employees are eligible to participate and shares are offered based on a percentage of salary up to a specified maximum value. Employees may exercise their purchase right on a twice yearly
basis. A total of 500,000 ADSs
F-64
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
have been reserved for issuance under this plan. On December 30, 2000 the Company issued 39,186 ADSs to employees under the ESPP. During the year ended December 31, 2001, the Company issued a
total of 199,292 ADSs (equivalent to 1,992,920 ordinary shares) to employees under the ESPP for consideration of $1 million.
During the years ended December 31, 2000 and 2001 employees exercised 39,477,264 and 7,976,400 options to purchase ordinary shares for gross proceeds of $1.4 million and $1.2 million respectively.
On May 22, 2001 the Company issued 22,221,442 ordinary shares with a fair market value of $31,733,000 as part consideration for the
purchase of Chicory Systems Inc. (see note 8).
On June 29, 2001 the Company issued 18,393,670 ordinary shares
with a fair market value of $25,604,000 as part consideration for the acquisition of the 20% interest in Silicon Systems Design Limited not owned by the Company (see note 8).
15. Share options
Non cash stock
compensation expenses of $52,000, $5,540,000 and $1,806,000 for the years ended December 31 1999, 2000 and 2001 have been recorded as follows:
|
|
Year Ended December 31,
|
|
|
1999
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
Research and development
|
|
$
|
36
|
|
$
|
923
|
|
$
|
1,416
|
Sales and marketing
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
120
|
|
|
197
|
General and administrative
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
4,497
|
|
|
193
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
52
|
|
$
|
5,540
|
|
$
|
1,806
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Company granted 23,705,600 options over ordinary shares of
0.000317 each to employees in December 1996 at an exercise price of 0.007936 ($0.008) per share, the estimated market value of an ordinary share in the Company at that date. All of these options were exercised during the year ended
December 31, 2000.
On March 30, 1998, the Board of Directors approved the introduction of a fixed share option
plan (the plan), to include previous option grants. At the annual general meeting held on May 10, 2001, the shareholders approved an increase in the number of options that may be granted to 20% of the enlarged fully diluted share capital
as at that date.
Under the terms of the plan, options may be granted to employees, consultants, or directors of
the Company and any of its subsidiaries. The option holder shall be entitled, to exercise an option in respect of 25% of the total number of shares which are subject to option on the first anniversary of the date of grant. On each successive month
thereafter, the option holder shall be entitled to exercise options in respect of 1/48th of the total number of shares subject to option. All unexercised options shall lapse on the seventh anniversary of the date of grant. All shares allotted under
the plan rank pari passu in all respects with the ordinary shares of the Company.
No option may be sold, pledged,
assigned, transferred or otherwise disposed of in any other manner by the optionee during his lifetime. Options will lapse to the extent that they have not been exercised by the earliest of the seventh anniversary of its date of grant, the
expiration of twelve months from the date of death of the optionee or the date of cessation of the optionee as an employee or Director of the Company. The plan will be administered by the Remuneration Committee of the Board of the Company.
F-65
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
During 1999, the Company recognized deferred compensation cost of
$2,726,000, which is being amortized on a straight line basis over the vesting period of the options, and compensation expense of $52,000 for those instances in which the exercise price of the Companys options were less than the estimated fair
market value of the underlying shares on the date of grant.
In 2000, the Company recognized total deferred
compensation cost of $7,013,000, of which $2,633,000 is being amortized on a straight line basis. Compensation expense of $5,540,000 was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2000 including an amount of $4,380,000 arising from the grant in
December 1998, of an option to purchase 2,000,000 shares to each of Mr. Brian Long and Mr. Peter McManamon at an exercise price of $0.165115 per ordinary share. The options were exercisable in a two year period from the occurrence of an Option Event
as defined in the option agreements. The option agreements were amended in April 2000 to provide that an Option Event was the date on which final agreement was reached between the Company and the underwriters on the offer price of the Companys
shares in its initial public offering and the underwriting agreement was signed. The compensation cost of $4,380,000 was established on the date the Option Event occurred, May 19, 2000 and was recorded as an expense at that time as the options fully
vested on that date.
The Company recognized deferred compensation cost of $2,711,000
during the year ended December 31, 2001 on the purchase of Chicory Systems Inc. representing the intrinsic value arising on the grant of options over ordinary shares in the Company in exchange for unvested shares in the acquired company. This cost
is being amortized on a straight line basis.
Other than the assumption of options on the acquisition of Chicory
Systems Inc., all options granted subsequent to the IPO on May 19, 2000 have been granted at exercise prices equal to market value on the date of grant.
The following table summarizes the transactions for the Companys share option plans for the years ended December 31, 2001:
|
|
Options outstanding
|
|
|
Weighted average exercise price
|
Outstanding at December 31, 1998
|
|
52,575,600
|
|
|
$
|
0.032
|
Cancelled
|
|
(1,648,000
|
)
|
|
$
|
0.032
|
Granted
|
|
18,162,000
|
|
|
$
|
0.165
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at December 31, 1999
|
|
69,089,600
|
|
|
$
|
0.067
|
Cancelled
|
|
(3,056,050
|
)
|
|
$
|
2.236
|
Granted
|
|
30,212,000
|
|
|
$
|
1.638
|
Exercised
|
|
(39,477,264
|
)
|
|
$
|
0.038
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at December 31, 2000
|
|
56,768,286
|
|
|
$
|
0.806
|
Cancelled
|
|
(6,949,350
|
)
|
|
$
|
1.132
|
Granted
|
|
40,979,537
|
|
|
$
|
0.446
|
Exercised
|
|
(7,976,400
|
)
|
|
$
|
0.146
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at December 31, 2001
|
|
82,822,073
|
|
|
$
|
0.664
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-66
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
The following table summarizes information concerning outstanding and
exercisable share options as of December 31, 2001:
|
|
|
|
Options Outstanding
|
|
Options Exercisable
|
Exercise Price
|
|
Number of Shares
|
|
Average Remaining Contractual Life
|
|
Weighted Average Excercise Price
|
|
Number of Shares
|
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price
|
$0.031$0.165
|
|
22,589,353
|
|
3.5 years
|
|
$
|
0.120
|
|
12,478,984
|
|
$
|
0.119
|
$0.285$0.750
|
|
41,667,160
|
|
6.5 years
|
|
$
|
0.437
|
|
3,155,280
|
|
$
|
0.750
|
$0.909$1.126
|
|
6,513,160
|
|
5.7 years
|
|
$
|
0.972
|
|
2,338,090
|
|
$
|
0.967
|
$1.150$2.700
|
|
12,052,400
|
|
5.5 years
|
|
$
|
2.302
|
|
4,048,070
|
|
$
|
2.390
|
The weighted average fair value of the options granted in fiscal
1999, 2000 and 2001 was $0.034, $0.842 and $0.352 respectively. The fair value was estimated using the minimum value method in 1999 and the Black-Scholes option pricing method in 2000 and 2001 with the following assumptions: no expected dividend
yield, expected volatility of 80%, risk free interest rate of 5% and an expected life of 5 years.
Had the Company
determined compensation expense based on the fair value at the grant date for these options under SFAS No. 123, the Companys net income for the three years ending December 31, 2001 would have been reduced to the pro-forma amounts indicated
below.
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
1999
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
2001
|
|
|
|
(in thousands,
except per
share data)
|
|
Net loss as reported
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
as reported
|
|
$
|
(2,612
|
)
|
|
$
|
(16,058
|
)
|
|
$
|
(34,659
|
)
|
pro-forma
|
|
$
|
(2,706
|
)
|
|
$
|
(14,898
|
)
|
|
$
|
(32,853
|
)
|
Basic and diluted net loss per Ordinary Share
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
as reported
|
|
$
|
(0.007
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.034
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.062
|
)
|
pro-forma
|
|
$
|
(0.007
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.032
|
)
|
|
$
|
(0.059
|
)
|
16. Interest expense
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
1999
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
Accretion of redeemable preference shares
|
|
$
|
27
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
27
|
|
$
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17. Restructuring charge
Restructuring charges of $765,000, representing severance costs, arise from the Companys headcount reduction in December 2001.
18. Income taxes
The Irish, US and UK subsidiaries file tax returns in Ireland, the United States and the United Kingdom, respectively.
F-67
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
The components of income before provision for income tax expenses are
as follows:
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
1999
|
|
2000
|
|
|
2001
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
Ireland
|
|
$
|
|
|
$
|
(21,045
|
)
|
|
$
|
(41,654
|
)
|
Other
|
|
|
|
|
|
6,207
|
|
|
|
7,295
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
$
|
(14,838
|
)
|
|
$
|
(34,359
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Provision for income taxes:
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
1999
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
Ireland
|
|
$
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
$
|
|
Other
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,205
|
|
|
300
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
$
|
1,205
|
|
$
|
300
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Companys consolidated effective tax rate differed from
the statutory rate as set forth below:
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
1999
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
2001
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
Taxes at Irish statutory rate of 20% in 2001; (24% in 2000) (28% in 1999);
|
|
$
|
(716
|
)
|
|
$
|
(3,561
|
)
|
|
$
|
(6,872
|
)
|
Income taxed at reduced rates
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
284
|
|
|
|
(1,026
|
)
|
Losses at reduced rates
|
|
|
498
|
|
|
|
2,297
|
|
|
|
5,571
|
|
Movement in valuation allowance
|
|
|
229
|
|
|
|
2,264
|
|
|
|
2,707
|
|
Other
|
|
|
(11
|
)
|
|
|
(79
|
)
|
|
|
(80
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
1,205
|
|
|
$
|
300
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to
significant portions of deferred tax assets are as follows:
|
|
As of December 31,
|
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
2001
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
Deferred tax assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Benefit of tax operating losses
|
|
$
|
2,548
|
|
|
$
|
5,255
|
|
Less: Valuation allowance
|
|
|
(2,548
|
)
|
|
|
(5,255
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Company has provided a valuation allowance for the total amount
of deferred tax assets as realization of these assets is not deemed likely principally due to the occurrence of operating losses.
Some of the Companys operating subsidiaries are taxed at rates substantially lower than US and UK rates. Two Irish subsidiary companies currently qualify for a 10% tax rate, which under current legislation will remain
F-68
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
in force until December 31, 2010. Three other Irish subsidiaries qualify for an exemption from income tax as their revenue source is licence fees from qualifying patents within the meaning of
Section 234 of the Irish Taxes Consolidation Act 1997.
19. Employee benefits
Certain Group employees are eligible to participate in a defined contribution pension plan (the plan).
Participants in the plan may elect to defer a portion of their pre-tax earnings into the plan, which is run by an independent party. The Group makes pension contributions at rates varying between 10% and 15% of the participants pensionable
salary. Contributions to this plan are recorded as an expense in the consolidated statement of operations.
The
Groups US operations maintain a retirement plan (the US Plan) that qualifies as a deferred salary arrangement under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. Participants in the US Plan may elect to defer a portion
of their pre-tax earnings, up to the Internal Revenue Service annual contribution limit. The Company matches 100% of each participants contributions up to a maximum of 6% of employees base pay. Each participant may contribute up to 15%
of base remuneration. Contributions to this plan are recorded in the year contributed as an expense in the consolidated statement of operations.
Total contributions for the years ended December 31, 1999, 2000 and 2001 were $848,000, $1,529,000 and $1,727,000, respectively.
20. Business Segment Information
The directors are of the opinion that the Company operates in a single industry segment. The analysis of the Companys operations by geographical area is as follows:
Revenue by destination
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
1999
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
United States
|
|
$
|
6,161
|
|
$
|
15,095
|
|
$
|
19,369
|
Europe, Middle East and Africa
|
|
|
12,879
|
|
|
14,903
|
|
|
17,012
|
Asia
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,922
|
|
|
4,538
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
19,040
|
|
$
|
31,920
|
|
$
|
40,919
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other than $4,444,000 of revenue which originates in the UK, all of
the Companys revenue originates in Ireland. ST Microelectronics Srl., a company based in Italy, accounts for a significant portion of the Companys revenues. (See note 3).
Loss from operations by origin
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
1999
|
|
|
2000
|
|
|
2001
|
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
|
Ireland
|
|
$
|
(2,818
|
)
|
|
$
|
(21,287
|
)
|
|
$
|
(41,366
|
)
|
United Kingdom
|
|
|
(165
|
)
|
|
|
37
|
|
|
|
219
|
|
United States
|
|
|
114
|
|
|
|
(86
|
)
|
|
|
419
|
|
Rest of world
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
922
|
|
|
|
316
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
(2,869
|
)
|
|
$
|
(20,414
|
)
|
|
$
|
(40,412
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-69
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
Property, plant and equipment by origin
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
Ireland
|
|
$
|
3,315
|
|
$
|
5,027
|
United Kingdom
|
|
|
917
|
|
|
1,226
|
United States
|
|
|
659
|
|
|
1,438
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
4,891
|
|
$
|
7,691
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation by origin
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
1999
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
Ireland
|
|
$
|
973
|
|
$
|
1,360
|
|
$
|
1,670
|
United Kingdom
|
|
|
93
|
|
|
460
|
|
|
575
|
United States
|
|
|
23
|
|
|
124
|
|
|
423
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
1,089
|
|
$
|
1,944
|
|
$
|
2,668
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital expenditures by origin
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
1999
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
Ireland
|
|
$
|
997
|
|
$
|
2,676
|
|
$
|
3,555
|
United Kingdom
|
|
|
48
|
|
|
230
|
|
|
911
|
United States
|
|
|
236
|
|
|
522
|
|
|
1,072
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
1,281
|
|
$
|
3,428
|
|
$
|
5,538
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following table sets forth the clients which represented 10% or
more of the Companys net revenue in each of the periods set out below.
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
1999
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
Client A
|
|
$
|
12,879
|
|
$
|
12,442
|
|
$
|
12,592
|
Client B
|
|
$
|
|
|
$
|
3,379
|
|
$
|
|
21. Commitments and
Contingencies
The Company is not party to any litigation or other legal proceedings that the Company believes
could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Companys business, results of operations and financial condition.
Under the terms of capital grant agreements, amounts received of $1,034,000 may become repayable in full should certain circumstances specified within the grant agreements occur. The Company has not
recognized any loss contingency, having assessed as remote the likelihood of these events arising.
F-70
PARTHUS TECHNOLOGIES PLC
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
The Company has several non-cancellable operating leases, primarily
for equipment. These leases generally contain renewal options and require the Company to pay all executory costs such as maintenance and insurance.
The Company paid $ 631,000, $1,176,641 and $1,699,309 in rental expense for the fiscal years ended December 31, 1999, 2000 and 2001, respectively.
Future minimum rental commitments for operating leases with non-cancellable terms in excess of one year are as follows:
|
|
Minimum rental payments
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
2002
|
|
$
|
1,746
|
2003
|
|
$
|
1,407
|
2004
|
|
$
|
1,215
|
2005
|
|
$
|
919
|
2006
|
|
$
|
908
|
22. Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
1999
|
|
2000
|
|
2001
|
|
|
(in thousands)
|
Cash paid for interest
|
|
$
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
$
|
|
Cash paid for income taxes
|
|
$
|
249
|
|
$
|
4
|
|
$
|
395
|
Shares issued as non cash consideration
|
|
$
|
|
|
$
|
1,859
|
|
$
|
57,337
|
23. Subsequent EventsUnaudited Information
In April 2002, the company announced that it had entered into an agreement with DSP Group, Inc and Ceva Inc.,
providing for the merger of Parthus with Ceva, the intellectual property subsidiary of DSP Group. This combination to be effected by a merger of equals, has been unanimously approved by the board of directors of both companies. The new combined
company, to be called Parthus Ceva, Inc., will be incorporated in Delaware and headquartered in San Jose, California, with principal executive offices in Dublin, Ireland and Herzeliya, Israel.
Following the announcement of the companys intention to enter into a combination agreement with Ceva, Inc., the company agreed to issue an aggregate of 2,114,109
Parthus ordinary shares effective May 28, 2002 to the former shareholders of Chicory Systems, Inc., in full satisfaction of the companys obligations with respect to a contingent issuance of a further 21.9 million ordinary shares in connection
with the Companys acquisition of Chicory. The 2,114,109 share issuance will be accounted for as additional purchase consideration and recorded as additional goodwill of $887,926 in the second quarter of 2002.
F-71
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
Item
13.
Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution
The expenses to
be paid by the Registrant in connection with the distribution of the securities being registered, other than underwriting discounts and commissions, are as follows:
|
|
Amount+
|
|
Securities and Exchange Commission Filing Fee
|
|
$
|
365.10
|
*
|
NASD Filing Fee
|
|
|
*
|
|
Nasdaq National Market Listing Fee
|
|
|
*
|
|
Accounting Fees and Expenses
|
|
|
*
|
|
Blue Sky Fees and Expenses
|
|
|
*
|
|
Legal Fees and Expenses
|
|
|
*
|
|
Transfer Agent and Registrar Fees and Expenses
|
|
|
*
|
|
Printing Expenses
|
|
|
*
|
|
Miscellaneous Expenses
|
|
|
*
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
*
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
+
|
|
All amounts are estimates except the SEC filing fee, the NASD filing fee and the Nasdaq National Market listing fee.
|
*
|
|
To be filed by amendment.
|
Item 14.
Indemnification of Directors and Officers
Our Certificate of Incorporation includes provisions that limit the personal liability of our officers and directors for monetary damages for breach of their fiduciary duties as directors, except for liability that cannot be
eliminated under the Delaware General Corporation Law. The Delaware General Corporation Law does not permit a provision in a corporations certificate of incorporation that would eliminate such liability (i) for any breach of their duty of
loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders, (ii) for acts or omissions not in good faith or that involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (iii) for any unlawful payment of a dividend or unlawful stock repurchase or
redemption, as provided in Section 174 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, or (iv) for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit.
While these provisions provide directors with protection from awards for monetary damages for breaches of their duty of care, they do not eliminate such duty. Accordingly,
these provisions will have no effect on the availability of equitable remedies such as an injunction or rescission based on a directors breach of his or her duty of care. The provisions described above apply to an officer of a corporation only
if he or she is a director of such corporation and is acting in his or her capacity as director, and do not apply to the officers of the corporation who are not directors.
Our Bylaws provide that, to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law, we may indemnify our directors, officers, employees and agents. In
addition, we have entered into an indemnification agreement pursuant to which we will indemnify these persons to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law. These agreements, among other things, provide for the
indemnification of our directors and officers for certain expenses (including attorneys fees), judgments, fines and settlement amounts incurred by any such person in any action or proceeding, including any action by or in the right of
ParthusCeva, arising out of their services as a director or officer of ParthusCeva or any other company or enterprise to which they provide services at our request to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law. We believe that these provisions
and agreements will assist us in attracting and retaining qualified persons to serve as directors and
II-1
officers. At present, there is no pending litigation or proceeding involving any of our directors or officers in which indemnification is required or permitted, and we are not aware of any
threatened litigation or proceeding that may result in a claim for such indemnification.
Insofar as
indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of ParthusCeva in accordance with the provisions contained in our charter documents, Delaware law or otherwise, we have
been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission this indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. If a claim for indemnification against such liabilities
(other than the payment by us of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of ParthusCeva in the successful defense of any action, suit, or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person, we
will, unless in the opinion of our counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by us is against public policy as expressed in the Securities
Act and we will follow the courts determination.
We maintain insurance on behalf of our officers and
directors, insuring them against liabilities that they may incur in such capacities or arising out of such status.
Item
15.
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
1. On November 22,
1999, the Registrant issued 20,000,000 shares of its common stock to DSP Group, Inc. (as adjusted to reflect stock splits and stock dividends to date) for aggregate consideration of $1,000. The issuance was made in accordance with Section 4(2) of
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act).
2. In connection with the contribution
of assets by DSP Group to the Registrant, on , 2002 the Registrant issued 1,000 shares of its common stock to DSP Group. The issuance was made in accordance with Section 4(2) of
the Securities Act.
3. Between November 1999 and June 30, 2002, the Registrant granted options to purchase
2,517,020 shares of its common stock at prices ranging from $5.37 to $6.53 per share to employees and directors pursuant to its 2000 Stock Incentive Plan (all numbers as adjusted to reflect stock splits and dividends prior to the date hereof). Such
grants were made in reliance on Rule 701 promulgated under Section 3(b) of the Securities Act.
Appropriate
legends were affixed to the stock certificate issued in the above transactions. No underwriters were employed in any of the above transactions.
Item 16.
Exhibits and Consolidated Financial Statement Schedules
(a) Exhibits
Exhibit Number
|
|
Description
|
|
2.1
|
|
Combination Agreement, dated as of April 4, 2002, among DSP Group, Inc., Ceva, Inc. and Parthus Technologies
plc
|
|
2.2
|
|
Form of Amendment No. 1 to Combination Agreement, dated as of
, 2002, among DSPGroup, Inc., Ceva, Inc. and Parthus Technologies plc*
|
|
3.1
|
|
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant
|
|
3.2
|
|
Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant*
|
|
4.1
|
|
Specimen Common Stock Certificate*
|
II-2
Exhibit Number
|
|
Description
|
|
5.1
|
|
Opinion of Morrison & Foerster LLP, as to the validity of the Shares*
|
|
9.1
|
|
Form of Voting Agreement
|
|
10.1
|
|
Form of Separation Agreement among DSP Group, Inc., DSP Group, Ltd., Ceva, Inc., DSP Ceva, Inc. and Corage,
Ltd.*
|
|
10.2
|
|
Form of Tax Indemnification and Allocation Agreement between DSP Group, Inc. and the Registrant
|
|
10.3
|
|
Form of Technology Transfer Agreement between DSP Group, Inc. and the Registrant
|
|
10.4
|
|
Form of Technology Transfer Agreement between DSP Group, Ltd. and Corage, Ltd.
|
|
10.5
|
|
Form of Technology Transfer Agreement between DSP Ceva, Inc. and Registrant
|
|
10.6
|
|
Ceva, Inc. 2000 Stock Incentive Plan*
|
|
10.7
|
|
ParthusCeva, Inc. 2002 Stock Incentive Plan*
|
|
10.8
|
|
ParthusCeva, Inc. 2002 Employee Stock Purchase Plan*
|
|
10.9
|
|
Parthus 2000 Share Option Plan(1)
|
|
10.10
|
|
Parthus Chicory Systems, Inc. 1999 Employee Stock Option / Stock Issuance Plan
|
|
10.11
|
|
Form of Indemnification Agreement
|
|
10.12
|
|
Form of Employment Agreement*
|
|
21.1
|
|
Subsidiaries of the Registrant
|
|
23.1
|
|
Consent of Kost Forer & Gabbay, a Member of Ernst and Young Global*
|
|
23.2
|
|
Consent of KPMG, independent chartered accountants*
|
|
23.3
|
|
Consent of Morrison & Foerster LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1)*
|
|
24.1
|
|
Power of Attorney (See page II-5)*
|
|
|
Filed as an exhibit to the Registrants registration statement on Form 10, as amended, filed with the Commission on June 3, 2002.
|
(1)
|
|
Filed as an exhibit to the registration statement on Form S-8 of Parthus Technologies plc, filed with the Commission on June 6, 2000.
|
(b) Consolidated Financial Statement Schedules
No schedules have been included because they are not required or are not applicable or the required information is shown in the financial statements or related notes.
Item 17.
Undertakings
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to
the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable.
In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action,
suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent,
submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
II-3
The Registrant hereby undertakes that:
(1) For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, the information omitted from the form of
prospectus filed as part of this Registration Statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this
Registration Statement as of the time the Commission declared it effective.
(2) For
purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities therein, and this offering of such
securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial
bona fide
offering thereof.
II-4
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned,
thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Santa Clara, State of California on the 30th day of July 2002.
C
EVA
, I
NC
.
By:
/
S
/ E
LIYAHU
A
YALON
Eliyahu Ayalon
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Eliyahu Ayalon and Yaniv Arieli, and each of them, as his true
and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this
Registration Statement, and to sign any registration statement for the same distribution covered by the Registration Statement that is to be effective upon filing pursuant to Rule 462(b) promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933 and to file the
same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every
act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or
any of them, or their or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated:
Signature
|
|
Title
|
|
Date
|
/
S
/ E
LIYAHU
A
YALON
Eliyahu Ayalon
|
|
Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors (Principal Executive Officer)
|
|
July 30, 2002
|
/
S
/ Y
ANIV
A
RIELI
Yaniv Arieli
|
|
Treasurer and Secretary (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
|
|
July 30, 2002
|
Zvi Limon
|
|
Director
|
|
, 2002
|
/
S
/ B
RUCE
A.
M
ANN
Bruce A. Mann
|
|
Director
|
|
July 30, 2002
|
/
S
/ L
OUIS
S
ILVER
Louis Silver.
|
|
Director
|
|
July 29, 2002
|
II-5
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit Number
|
|
Description
|
|
2.1
|
|
Combination Agreement, dated as of April 4, 2002, among DSP Group, Inc., Ceva, Inc. and Parthus Technologies
plc
|
|
2.2
|
|
Form of Amendment No. 1 to Combination Agreement, dated as of
, 2002, among DSP Group, Inc., Ceva, Inc. and Parthus Technologies plc*
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3.1
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Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant
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3.2
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Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant*
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4.1
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Specimen Common Stock Certificate*
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5.1
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Opinion of Morrison & Foerster LLP, as to the validity of the Shares*
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9.1
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Form of Voting Agreement
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10.1
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Form of Separation Agreement among DSP Group, Inc., DSP Group, Ltd., Ceva, Inc., DSP Ceva, Inc. and Corage,
Ltd.*
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10.2
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Form of Tax Indemnification and Allocation Agreement between DSP Group, Inc. and the Registrant
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10.3
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Form of Technology Transfer Agreement between DSP Group, Inc. and the Registrant
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10.4
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Form of Technology Transfer Agreement between DSP Group, Ltd. and Corage, Ltd.
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10.5
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Form of Technology Transfer Agreement between DSP Ceva, Inc. and Registrant
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10.6
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Ceva, Inc. 2000 Stock Incentive Plan*
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10.7
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ParthusCeva, Inc. 2002 Stock Incentive Plan*
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10.8
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ParthusCeva, Inc. 2002 Employee Stock Purchase Plan*
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10.9
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Parthus 2000 Share Option Plan(1)
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10.10
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Parthus Chicory Systems, Inc. 1999 Employee Stock Option / Stock Issuance Plan
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10.11
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Form of Indemnification Agreement
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10.12
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Form of Employment Agreement*
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21.1
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Subsidiaries of the Registrant
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23.1
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Consent of Kost Forer & Gabbay, a Member of Ernst and Young Global*
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23.2
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Consent of KPMG, independent chartered accountants*
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23.3
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Consent of Morrison & Foerster LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1)*
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24.1
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Power of Attorney (See page II-5)*
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Filed as an exhibit to the Registrants registration statement on Form 10, as amended, filed with the Commission on June 3, 2002.
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(1)
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Filed as an exhibit to the registration statement on Form S-8 of Parthus Technologies plc, filed with the Commission on June 6, 2000.
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Exhibit 10.1
SEPARATION AGREEMENT
This Separation
Agreement (this Agreement) is made and entered into as of , 2002, by and among DSP Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation (DSPGI), DSP Group Ltd., an
Israeli corporation (DSPGL), Ceva, Inc., a Delaware corporation (Ceva, Inc.), DSP Ceva, Inc., a Delaware corporation (DSP Ceva), and Corage, Ltd., an Israeli corporation (Corage, Ltd.).
Recitals
A. DSPGI owns all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of DSPGL and Ceva, Inc.
B. Ceva, Inc. owns all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of DSP Ceva.
C. DSPGL owns all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of Corage, Ltd.
D. DSPGI and DSPGL are in the Products Business (as defined herein) and in the Licensing Business (as defined herein).
E. DSPGI and DSPGL collectively own and license certain intangible property, including but not limited to patents, trademarks and other intellectual property, relating to the Licensing
Business, the beneficial rights to which in the United States are owned by DSPGI and in the rest of the world are owned by DSPGL.
F. The Boards of Directors of DSPGI and DSPGL have determined that it is appropriate and desirable, on the terms and conditions contemplated by this Agreement, for the parties to separate the Licensing Business and its
assets from the Products Business by taking the following actions (such actions collectively constituting the Separation):
(i) DSPGL will transfer to Corage, Ltd. all of its right, title and interest in the Licensing Business Assets (but reserving the right to use certain Transferable Licensing IP, as it
currently exists, in the Products Business), in exchange for the issuance by Corage, Ltd. to DSPGL of shares of Corage, Ltd. capital stock;
(ii) DSPGL will distribute to DSPGI all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of Corage, Ltd.;
(iii) In exchange for the issuance by Ceva, Inc. to DSPGI of shares of Ceva, Inc. capital stock, DSPGI simultaneously will contribute and
transfer to Ceva, Inc. (A) all right, title and interest of DSPGI in the Licensing Business Assets (but reserving the right to use
certain Transferable Licensing IP (as defined in the Technology Transfer
Agreements), as it currently exists, in the Products Business), and (B) all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of Corage, Ltd.; and
(iv) In exchange for the issuance to Ceva, Inc., of shares of DSP Ceva capital stock, Ceva, Inc. in turn will contribute and transfer to DSP Ceva
(A) all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of Corage, Ltd., so that Corage, Ltd. will be a wholly-owned subsidiary of DSP Ceva; and (B) all of the right, title and interest of Ceva, Inc. in the Licensing Business Assets.
G. The Boards of Directors of DSPGI and Ceva, Inc. have determined further that, following completion
of the Separation, it is appropriate and desirable, on the terms and conditions of this Agreement and the Combination Agreement, for DSPGI to distribute to holders of shares of DSPGI Common Stock the outstanding shares of Ceva, Inc. Common Stock
owned directly or indirectly by DSPGI (the Distribution).
H. DSPGI and Ceva, Inc. intend
that the Separation shall qualify as either a reorganization under Section 368(a)(1)(D) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code) or as an exchange under Section 351 of the Code and intend that the Separation and the
Distribution qualify under Section 355 of the Code and that Section 355(e) of the Code shall not apply to the Separation and the Distribution.
I. DSPGI and Ceva, Inc. have entered into the Combination Agreement dated
April 4, 2002, as amended, with Parthus Technologies plc (the Combination Agreement), providing,
among other things, for the combination of Parthus Technologies plc and Ceva, Inc. in a transaction in which shares of Ceva, Inc. will be issued to the shareholders of Parthus Technologies plc, and Ceva, Inc. will acquire all of the outstanding
capital stock of Parthus Technologies plc (the Combination).
J. The consummation of the
Separation and the Distribution is a condition to the consummation of the Combination.
K. The parties
wish to set forth the principal corporate transactions required to effect the Separation and the Distribution and certain other agreements that will govern certain matters relating to the Separation and the Distribution, and the relationship of the
parties following the Separation and the Distribution.
Agreements
For good and valuable consideration, the sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties, intending to be legally bound, agree as
follows:
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS
For the purpose of this Agreement the
following terms shall have the following meanings:
2
Action means any demand, action, suit, countersuit, arbitration,
inquiry, proceeding or investigation by or before any federal, state, local, foreign or international Governmental Authority or any arbitration or mediation tribunal.
Active Trade or Business means the active conduct of the trade or business (as defined in Section 355(b)(2) of the Code) conducted by Ceva, Inc. immediately
prior to the Distribution Date.
Affiliate of any Person means a Person that controls, is controlled
by, or is under common control with such Person. As used herein, control means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such entity, whether through ownership
of voting securities or other interests, by contract or otherwise.
Agent means the distribution agent
to be appointed by DSPGI to distribute to the stockholders of DSPGI pursuant to the Distribution the shares of Ceva, Inc. Common Stock held by DSPGI.
Agreed Amount means part, but not all, of the Claimed Amount.
Ancillary Agreements means the documents executed and delivered by the parties pursuant to Section 2.2 of this Agreement
Applicable Deadline has the meaning given in Section 8.3(b).
Arbitration Act means the United States Arbitration Act, 9 U.S.C. 1-14, as the same may be amended from time to time.
Award means any issuance of DSPGI Options to a single person with the same date of grant and exercise price.
Claim Notice means written notification which contains (i) a description of the Damages incurred or reasonably expected to be incurred by the Indemnitee and the
Claimed Amount of such Damages, to the extent then known, (ii) a statement that the Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification under Article V for such Damages and a reasonable explanation of the basis therefor, and (iii) a demand for payment in the
amount of such Damages.
Claimed Amount means the amount of any Damages incurred or reasonably
expected to be incurred by the Indemnitee.
Code has the meaning given in the Recitals.
Combination has the meaning given in the Recitals.
Combination Agreement has the meaning given in the Recitals.
Combination Closing means the closing of the transactions contemplated under the Combination Agreement.
3
Combination Effective Date means the date on which the Combination
Closing occurs.
Commission means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
Consents means any consent, waiver or approval from, or notification requirements to, any third party.
Corage Assumed Liabilities has the meaning given in Section 2.5.
Corage Balance Sheet means the Most Recent Balance Sheet as such term is defined in the Combination Agreement.
Ceva, Inc. Common Stock means Common Stock, $.001 par value per share, of Ceva, Inc.
Corage Employees means the current employees of Ceva, Inc., Corage, Ltd. or DSP Ceva and any other employees who are hired by
Ceva, Inc., Corage, Ltd. or DSP Ceva prior to the Distribution Date.
Ceva, Inc. Group means Ceva,
Inc., and each Subsidiary of Ceva, Inc. (including any Subsidiary contributed to Ceva, Inc. pursuant to the Separation) immediately after the Combination Effective Date.
Ceva, Inc. Indemnitees has the meaning given in Section 5.3.
Ceva, Inc. Technology Transfer Agreement has the meaning given in Section 2.2(e).
Corage, Ltd. Stock Certificates has the meaning given in Section 2.2(c).
Corage, Ltd. Stock Powers has the meaning given in Section 2.2(c).
Corage, Ltd. Technology Transfer Agreement has the meaning given in Section 2.2(a).
Cost Sharing Agreement means the Cost Sharing Agreement dated as of January 1, 1998, between DSPGI and DSPGL.
Damages means any and all debts, obligations and other liabilities (whether absolute, accrued, contingent, fixed or otherwise, or whether known or unknown, or due or to become due or otherwise), diminution in
value, monetary damages, fines, fees, penalties, interest obligations, deficiencies, losses and expenses (including amounts paid in settlement, interest, court costs, costs of investigators, fees and expenses of attorneys, accountants, financial
advisors and other experts, and other expenses of litigation), other than those costs and expenses of arbitration of a Dispute which are to be shared equally by the Indemnitee and the Indemnifying Party as set forth in Article VIII.
Definitive Guidance means, with respect to the United States, temporary or final Treasury regulations, a Revenue
Ruling, Revenue Procedure or Notice issued by the IRS or a
4
final decision of the United States Tax Court, and with respect to any other jurisdiction, any similar
guidance.
Dispute means the dispute resulting if the Indemnifying Party disputes its liability for
all or part of the Claimed Amount.
Distribution has the meaning given in the Recitals.
Distribution Date means the date determined pursuant to Section 3.1 on which the Distribution occurs.
DSP Europe means DSP Group Europe Sarl, a French company.
DSP Japan means Nikon DSP K.K., a Japanese company.
DSPGI Common Stock means the Common Stock, $.001 par value per share, of DSPGI.
DSPGI Group means DSPGI and each Subsidiary of DSPGI (other than any member of the Ceva, Inc. Group) immediately after the Distribution Date.
DSPGI Indemnitees has the meaning given in Section 5.2.
DSPGI Legacy Option has the meaning set forth in Section 3.7(c).
Employees Proprietary Information Agreements shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.6(c).
Environmental Liabilities means all Liabilities relating to, arising out of or resulting from any Environmental Law or contract or agreement relating to environmental, health or safety
matters (including all removal, remediation or cleanup costs, investigatory costs, governmental response costs, natural resources damages, property damages, personal injury damages, costs of compliance with any settlement, judgment or other
determination of Liability and indemnity, contribution or similar obligations) and all costs and expenses, interest, fines, penalties or other monetary sanctions in connection therewith.
Environmental Law means any federal, state, local, foreign or international statute, ordinance, rule, regulation, code, license, permit, authorization,
approval, consent, common law (including tort and environmental nuisance law), legal doctrine, order, judgment, decree, injunction, requirement or agreement with any Governmental Authority, now or hereafter in effect relating to health, safety,
pollution or the environment (including ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata) or to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of any substance currently or at any time hereafter listed, defined,
designated or classified as hazardous, toxic waste, radioactive or dangerous, or otherwise regulated, under any of the foregoing, or otherwise relating to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or
handling of any such substances, including the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, the Superfund
5
Amendments and Reauthorization Act and the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and comparable
provisions in state, local, foreign or international law.
Form 10 has the meaning given in Section
3.3.
Governmental Approval means any authorization, consent, order or approval of, or declarations or
filings with, or expirations of any waiting period imposed by any Governmental Authority.
Governmental
Authority shall mean any federal, state, local, foreign or international court, government, department, commission, board, bureau, agency, official or other regulatory, administrative or governmental authority.
Group means with respect to Ceva, Inc., the Ceva, Inc. Group, and with respect to DSPGI, the DSPGI Group.
Income Tax Return shall mean any tax return relating to income tax.
Indemnifying Party has the meaning given in Section 5.4(a).
Indemnitee has the meaning given in Section 5.4(a).
Indemnity Payment has the meaning given in Section 5.4(a).
Information means information, whether or not patentable or copyrightable, in written, oral, electronic or other tangible or intangible forms, stored in any medium, including studies, reports, records, books, contracts,
instruments, surveys, discoveries, ideas, concepts, know-how, techniques, designs, specifications, drawings, blueprints, diagrams, models, prototypes, samples, flow charts, data, computer data, disks, diskettes, tapes, computer programs or other
software, marketing plans, customer names, communications by or to attorneys (including attorney-client privileged communications), memos and other materials prepared by attorneys or under their direction (including attorney work product), and other
technical, financial, employee or business information or data.
Information Statement has the meaning
given in Section 3.3.
Insurance Proceeds means those monies:
(i) received by an insured from an insurance carrier; or
(ii) paid by an insurance carrier on behalf of the insured;
in any such case net of any applicable premium adjustments (including reserves and retrospectively rated premium adjustments) and net of any costs or expenses incurred in the collection thereof.
IRS means the United States Internal Revenue Service.
6
Liabilities means any and all losses, claims, charges, debts,
demands, actions, causes of action, suits, damages, obligations, payments, costs and expenses, sums of money, accounts, reckonings, bonds, specialties, indemnities and similar obligations, exonerations, covenants, contracts, controversies,
agreements, promises, doings, omissions, variances, guarantees, make whole agreements and similar obligations, and other liabilities, including all contractual obligations, whether absolute or contingent, matured or unmatured, liquidated or
unliquidated, accrued or unaccrued, known or unknown, whenever arising, and including those arising under any law, rule, regulation, Action, threatened or contemplated Action (including the costs and expenses of demands, assessments, judgments,
settlements and compromises relating thereto and attorneys fees and any and all costs and expenses, whatsoever reasonably incurred in investigating, preparing or defending against any such Actions or threatened or contemplated Actions), order
or consent decree of any Governmental Authority or any award of any arbitrator or mediator of any kind, and those arising under any contract, commitment or undertaking, including those arising under this Agreement or any Ancillary Agreement, in each
case, whether or not recorded or reflected or required to be recorded or reflected on the books and records or financial statements of any Person.
Licensing Business means the business of developing and licensing designs for programmable digital signal processor cores, including, without limitation, digital signal processing cores
used as the central processor in semiconductor chips for specific applications.
Licensing Business
Assets means all of DSPGLs and DSPGIs right, title and interest in and to the following assets (all as defined in the Technology Transfer Agreements, to the extent not defined herein):
(a) the Transferable Licensing IP;
(b) the Other Transferable Assets;
(c) the Third Party Licenses;
(d) the Other Contracts; and
(e) the Employee Proprietary
Information Agreements.
Licensing Business Assets shall not include any accounts receivables or any other current
assets. Corage Assumed Liabilities shall not include any accounts payable or any other current liabilities or any intercompany indebtedness of the Licensing Business.
Licensing Business Employees means the employees set forth on
Schedule A
attached hereto.
Non-Assigned Assets has the meaning set forth in Section 2.3.
Non-Transferable Employee shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.6(b).
Person means an individual, a general or limited partnership, a corporation, a trust, a joint venture, an unincorporated organization, a limited liability entity, any other entity and any Governmental Authority.
7
Post-Distribution DSPGI Adjusted Option means an DSPGI Adjusted
Option that vests after the Distribution Date.
Pre-Distribution DSPGI Adjusted Option means a DSPGI
Adjusted Option that vested on or before the Distribution Date.
Prime Rate means the rate which
Citibank, N.A. (or any successor thereto or other major money center commercial bank agreed to by DSPGI and Ceva, Inc. ) announces from time to time as its prime lending rate, as in effect from time to time.
Products Business means the business of designing, manufacturing and marketing high performance digital signal processing
integrated circuit devices for integrated digital cordless telephones and voice-over broadband products.
Proposed Acquisition Transaction means a transaction or series of transactions as a result of which any Person or any group of related Persons would (directly or indirectly) acquire, or have the right to acquire, (A) from
Ceva, Inc. or one or more holders of outstanding shares of Ceva, Inc. capital stock, any shares of Ceva, Inc. capital stock or (B) from Ceva, Inc. or from any Ceva, Inc. Subsidiary any shares of capital stock of a Ceva, Inc. Subsidiary; except that
none of the following shall be a Proposed Acquisition Transaction: (i) any transaction, whether having occurred prior to the Distribution or to occur after the Distribution, that the IRS rules in the Tax Rulings is not part of a plan or series of
transactions related to the Distribution; (ii) the transactions contemplated by the Combination Agreement and any transactions that reasonably flow from the transactions contemplated by the Combination Agreement; (iii) the grant of stock options by
Ceva, Inc. to any employee, independent contractor or director of the Ceva, Inc. Group which grant, based on the unqualified opinion of Hale and Dorr LLP or other Ceva, Inc. Tax Advisor acceptable to DSPGI, whose approval shall not be unreasonably
withheld, would not under Section 355(e) of the Code and then-applicable Treasury Regulations be considered part of a plan or series of transactions related to the Distribution; (iv) the issuance of stock by Ceva, Inc. or its Subsidiaries to any
employee, independent contractor or director of the Ceva, Inc. Group (including the issuance of stock upon the exercise of a stock option) which issuance, based on the unqualified opinion of Hale and Dorr LLP or other Ceva, Inc. Tax Advisor
acceptable to DSPGI, whose approval shall not be unreasonably withheld, would not under Section 355(e) of the Code and then-applicable Treasury Regulations be considered part of a plan or series of transactions related to the Distribution; or (v)
any other transactions specifically permitted by then-applicable Treasury Regulations promulgated under Section 355(e) of the Code and to which DSPGI has consented in its discretion, which discretion shall be exercised in good faith solely to
preserve the Tax-Free Status of the Separation and Distribution.
Record Date means the close of
business on the date to be determined by the DSPGI Board of Directors as the record date for determining stockholders of DSPGI entitled to receive shares of Ceva, Inc. Common Stock in the Distribution.
Representation Date means any date on which Ceva, Inc. makes any representation (i) to the IRS or a Tax Advisor for the
purpose of obtaining a Subsequent Tax Opinion/Ruling, or (ii) to DSPGI for the purpose of any determination required to be made by DSPGI pursuant to Section 4.2.
Representation Letters means any representation letters and any other materials (including, without limitation, the ruling request and the related supplemental
submissions to the IRS) delivered or deliverable by DSPGI or Ceva, Inc., as the case may be, in connection with the then
8
issuance by the IRS of the Tax Rulings, or the rendering by a Tax Advisor and/or the issuance by the IRS
of the Subsequent Tax Opinion/Ruling.
Securities Act means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,
together with the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Separation has the meaning
given in the Recitals.
Separation Closing has the meaning given in Section 2.1.
Subsequent Tax Opinion/Ruling means either (i) any unqualified opinion of a Tax Advisor selected by Ceva, Inc. with
the consent of DSPGI, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, confirming, in form and substance satisfactory to each of Ceva, Inc. and DSPGI in its discretion, which discretion shall be exercised in good faith solely to preserve the
Tax-Free Status of the Separation and Distribution, that, as a consequence of the consummation of a subsequent transaction, no income, gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes will be recognized by DSPGI, the stockholders or former
stockholders of DSPGI, or any DSPGI Affiliate with respect to the Distribution, or (ii) an IRS private letter ruling to the same effect.
Subsidiary of any Person means any corporation or other organization whether incorporated or unincorporated of which at least a majority of the securities or interests having by the terms thereof ordinary voting
power to elect at least a majority of the board of directors or others performing similar functions with respect to such corporation or other organization is directly or indirectly owned or controlled by such Person or by any one or more of its
Subsidiaries, or by such Person and one or more of its Subsidiaries; provided, however, that no Person that is not directly or indirectly wholly owned by any other Person shall be a Subsidiary of such other Person unless such other Person controls,
or has the right, power or ability to control, that Person.
Tax Advisor means the nationally
recognized professional law firm or accounting firm designated by DSPGI or Ceva, Inc., as applicable, as its Tax Advisor.
Tax-Free Status of the Separation and Distribution means the nonrecognition of taxable gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes and for Israeli tax purposes to DSPGI, DSPGI Affiliates and DSPGIs
stockholders in connection with the Separation and the Distribution.
Tax Indemnification Agreement
means the Tax Indemnification and Allocation Agreement dated as of the date of this Agreement between DSPGI and Ceva, Inc.
Tax-Related Losses means (i) all U.S. federal, state, local and foreign income taxes (including interest and penalties thereon) imposed pursuant to any settlement, final determination, judgment or otherwise, and (ii) all
legal, accounting and other professional fees and court costs incurred in connection with such taxes.
Tax
Rulings means any rulings by the IRS deliverable to DSPGI in connection with the Separation and the Distribution.
9
Technology Transfer Agreements means the Corage, Ltd. Technology
Transfer Agreement and the Ceva, Inc. Technology Transfer Agreement.
Third Party Claim has the
meaning given in Section 5.5(a).
Transferable Employees shall have the meaning set forth in Section
2.6(a).
Transferring Entities shall mean DSPGI and all of its Affiliates immediately prior to the
Effective Date, other than DSP Group Ltd., Corage, Ltd., Ceva, Inc. and their Subsidiaries.
ARTICLE II
THE SEPARATION
2.1.
Separation Closing
. Consummation of the Separation (the Separation Closing) shall take place on the Distribution Date but in any event prior to the Combination Effective Date,
at such time and place as may be determined by the Board of Directors of DSPGI. All actions constituting the Separation shall be occur and be deemed to have occurred on and as of the Distribution Date, effective immediately prior to the Distribution
becoming effective.
2.2.
Actions to be Taken at Separation Closing
. At
Separation Closing, the parties shall take the actions described below in this Section 2.2, in the following order:
(a) DSPGL and Corage, Ltd. shall execute and deliver a Technology Transfer Agreement substantially in the form attached as
Exhibit 2.2(a)
(the Corage, Ltd. Technology Transfer Agreement) and
such other instruments of conveyance as Corage, Ltd. may reasonably request;
(b) Corage, Ltd. shall issue to DSPGL, free and clear of all liens and encumbrances, certificates representing 1,000 shares of Corage, Ltd. common stock, $.001 per share par value, as consideration for the transfer of
Licensing Business Assets as provided in this Agreement, the Corage, Ltd. Technology Transfer Agreement and other related documents;
(c) DSPGL shall distribute to DSPGI all of the issued and outstanding shares of Corage, Ltd. capital stock, free and clear of all liens and encumbrances, by delivery to DSPGI of the original
certificate or certificates therefor (the Corage, Ltd. Stock Certificates), together with stock powers executed in blank (the Corage, Ltd. Stock Powers);
(d) DSPGI shall contribute to Ceva, Inc. all of the issued and outstanding shares of Corage, Ltd. capital stock, by delivery to Ceva, Inc. of the
Corage, Ltd. Stock Certificates and the Corage, Ltd. Stock Powers;
(e) DSPGI and Ceva,
Inc. shall execute and deliver a Technology Transfer Agreement substantially in the form attached as
Exhibit 2.2(e)
(the Ceva, Inc. Technology Transfer Agreement) and such other instruments of conveyance as Ceva, Inc. may
reasonably request;
10
(f) Ceva, Inc. shall issue to DSPGI, free and clear of
all liens and encumbrances, certificates representing 1,000 shares of Ceva, Inc. Common Stock as consideration for the transfer of Licensing Business Assets as provided in this Agreement, the Ceva, Inc. Technology Transfer Agreement and other
related documents and the contribution of capital stock of Ceva, Inc.;
(g) Ceva, Inc.
and DSP Ceva shall execute and deliver a Technology Transfer Assignment and Assumption Agreement substantially in the form attached as
Exhibit 2.2(g)
and such other instruments of conveyance as DSP Ceva may reasonably request;
(h) Ceva, Inc. shall contribute to DSP Ceva all of this issued and outstanding shares of Corage,
Ltd. capital stock, by delivery to DSP Ceva of the Corage, Ltd. Stock Certificates and the Corage, Ltd. Stock Powers;
(i) DSP Ceva shall issue to Ceva, Inc., free and clear of all liens and encumbrances, certificates representing 1,000 shares of DSP Ceva common stock, $1.00 per share par value, as consideration for the transfer
of Licensing Business Assets as provided in this Agreement, the DSP Ceva Technology Transfer Agreement and other related documents;
(j) DSPGI, Ceva, Inc. and DSP Ceva shall execute and deliver a Transition Services Agreement in a form to be mutually agreed upon by the parties;
(k) DSPGL, Corage, Ltd., DSP Japan and DSP Europe shall execute and deliver a Transition Services Agreement in
a form to be mutually agreed upon by the parties;
(l) DSPGI and DSPGL shall amend the
Intercompany Services Agreement between them dated July 1, 1998, and Section 3.2 of the Cost Sharing Agreement, as necessary to delete or modify provisions that relate to the Licensing Business;
(m) each of the parties shall deliver to the other a certificate substantially in the form attached as
Exhibit 2.2(m)
, executed by
one of its executive officers;
(n) each of the parties shall deliver to the other a
certificate substantially in the form attached as
Exhibit 2.2(n)
, executed by its secretary, with true and correct copies of the attachments required thereby; and
(o) each of the parties issuing or receiving shares of capital stock of any of the other companies pursuant to this Section shall execute and
deliver cross-receipts evidencing their issuance or transfer and receipt of shares of such shares of capital stock;
and at any time, and
from time to time, after the Distribution Date, at the request of Ceva, Inc. and without further consideration, DSPGI shall promptly execute and deliver (or shall cause its appropriate Subsidiary to execute and deliver) such instruments of sale,
transfer, conveyance, assignment and confirmation as Ceva, Inc. may reasonably request, and take any and all such other action as Ceva, Inc. may reasonably request more effectively to transfer, convey and assign to Ceva, Inc. (or a Subsidiary of
Ceva, Inc.) and to confirm Ceva, Inc.s or a Subsidiary of Ceva, Inc.s title to all of the Licensing Business Assets and all of the outstanding shares of capital stock of Corage, Ltd. and to put Ceva, Inc. in actual possession and
operating control (through its
11
ownership of the outstanding capital stock of Corage, Ltd., the Licensing Business Assets) of the
Licensing Business Assets.
2.3.
Consents
.
Schedule 2.3
lists all
of the Consents. Each party hereto shall use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain, at its expense, all of the Consents. If any Consent shall not have been obtained by the Distribution Date, this Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements shall not
constitute an assignment of the agreement, right or other Licensing Business Asset to which it relates (each a Non-Assigned Asset) unless and until such time as such Consent has been obtained. Following Separation Closing, DSPGI and
Ceva, Inc. each shall (or shall cause their Subsidiaries to) use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain all such Consents as soon as practicable. Upon any such Consent being obtained, the Non-Assigned Assets to which it relates automatically
shall be deemed to have been assigned as contemplated by the relevant Ancillary Agreements.
2.4.
Working Capital; Prorations of Certain Items
. As of the Combination Effective Date, the working capital of the Licensing Business calculated as the excess of the current assets of the
Licensing Business over the current liabilities of the Licensing Business as of the Combination Effective Date (excluding the contribution of U.S.$40 million to Ceva, Inc. as contemplated by Section 3.2(e) of this Agreement), each determined on a
basis consistent with the determination of current assets and current liabilities on the Corage Balance Sheet, shall be not less than zero. For purposes of this section, working capital shall not include any Taxes, as such term is defined in the
Combination Agreement. The Parties further agree, that all accrued or prepaid income and accrued or prepaid expenses relating to the License Business, each as determined in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles consistently
applied and included in the working capital, shall be appropriately allocated under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for periods before and after the Combination Effective Date, and the Parties shall agree to settle the amounts thereof
not more than sixty days following the Combination Effective Date.
2.5.
Assumption of Corage
Assumed Liabilities
. After the Distribution Date, Ceva, Inc. shall assume, pay, discharge and perform in accordance with their terms the following (the Corage Assumed Liabilities): (i) any and all Liabilities
that are expressly contemplated by this Agreement or any agreement or document contemplated by, or executed and delivered pursuant to, this Agreement (including but not limited to the Ancillary Agreements) as Liabilities to be assumed by any member
of the Ceva, Inc. Group; (ii) all Liabilities, including Liabilities related to Corage Employees and product Liabilities, payable under or pursuant to, relating to, arising out of or resulting from (a) the operation of the Licensing Business, as
conducted at any time prior to, on or after the Distribution Date, or (b) the Licensing Business Assets; (iii) all Liabilities, reflected on the Corage Balance Sheet, subject to the discharge of such Liabilities subsequent to the date of the Corage
Balance Sheet; and (iv) all Liabilities of the DSPGI Group arising or assumed after the date of the Corage Balance Sheet which are of a nature or type that would have resulted in such Liabilities being included as Liabilities on the Corage Balance
Sheet had they arisen or been assumed on or before the date of the Corage Balance Sheet, determined on a basis consistent with the determination of the Liabilities of the Licensing Business on the Corage Balance Sheet. Notwithstanding anything to
the contrary in this Agreement, the Corage Assumed Liabilities excludes all Taxes (as defined in the Combination Agreement) except as provided in Article IV of this Agreement or in the Tax Indemnification Agreement.
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2.6.
Transfer of Employees
.
(a) Prior to the Separation Closing, DSPGI, on behalf of itself and the Transferring Entities, will transfer or release to
Ceva, Inc. the employees of its licensing division described on
Schedule 2.6(a)
to this Agreement (Transferable Employees), and Ceva, Inc. shall accept such transfer and assume (and shall pay, perform and discharge when due) all
obligations with respect to such employees accruing from and after the Separation Closing.
(b) To the
extent that any Transferable Employees shall have entered into assignable employment contracts with DSPGI, DSPGI shall assign, and shall cause other Transferring Entities to assign, all of the rights of the Transferring Entities under any such
employment contracts to Ceva, Inc., to the extent such rights are assignable. For any Transferable Employee without an assignable employment contract (Non-Transferable Employee), DSPGI shall fully release, and shall cause other
Transferring Entities to fully release, such employee from employment, thereby allowing Ceva, Inc., to use its best efforts to employ such Non-Transferable Employee.
(c) Prior to the Separation Closing, DSPGI, on behalf of itself and the Transferring Entities, shall transfer and assign to Ceva, Inc., and Ceva, Inc. shall
accept such transfer and assume, all of the rights and obligations of the Transferring Entities under all agreements entered into by the Transferable Employees and the Licensing Business Employees with the Transferring Entities, or any of them,
relating to confidentiality, assignment of inventions and similar matters (Employee Proprietary Information Agreements), which agreements shall remain in full force and effect in accordance with their terms, provided that DSPGI shall
retain its rights under the Employee Proprietary Information Agreements to the extent required to bring actions (at law, in equity or otherwise) for any breach of such Employee Proprietary Information Agreements relating to acts or omissions prior
to the Separation Closing by Transferable Employees who become employees of Ceva, Inc. The Parties shall reasonably cooperate in connection with any action against any of the Transferable Employees.
ARTICLE III
THE DISTRIBUTION
3.1.
The Distribution
. Subject
to Section 3.4, DPSGI shall effect the Distribution on the Distribution Date, as described in this Article III.
(a) Subject to Section 3.4, on or prior to the Distribution Date, DSPGI shall deliver to the Agent for the benefit of holders of record of DSPGI Common Stock on the Record Date, a single stock certificate, endorsed by
DSPGI in blank, representing all of the outstanding shares of Ceva, Inc. Common Stock, and shall cause the transfer agent for the shares of DSPGI Common Stock to instruct the Agent to distribute on the Distribution Date the appropriate number of
such shares of Ceva, Inc. Common Stock to each such holder or designated transferee or transferees of such holder.
(b) Subject to Section 3.5, each holder of DSPGI Common Stock on the Record Date (or such holders designated transferee or transferees) shall be entitled to receive in the Distribution a number of shares of Ceva,
Inc. Common Stock equal to the number of shares
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of DSPGI Common Stock held by such holder on the Record Date multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of
which is the number of shares of Ceva, Inc. Common Stock beneficially owned by DSPGI on the Record Date, and the denominator of which is the number of shares of DSPGI Common Stock outstanding on the Record Date.
(c) Ceva, Inc. and DSPGI, as the case may be, shall provide to the Agent all share certificates and any information required in
order to complete the Distribution on the basis specified above.
3.2.
Actions Prior to the
Distribution
.
(a) DSPGI and Ceva, Inc. shall mail, prior to the date determined by the Board of
Directors of DSPGI as the record date, to the holders of common stock of DSPGI, the Information Statement and such other information concerning Ceva, Inc., its business, operations and management, the Separation, the Distribution, and such other
matters as DSPGI and Ceva, Inc. shall reasonably determine and as may be required by law.
(b) DSPGI
and Ceva, Inc. shall prepare and file with the appropriate Governmental Authority any documents or statements which are required to reflect the establishment of, or amendments to, any employee benefit and other plans necessary or appropriate in
connection with the Separation and Distribution.
(c) DSPGI and Ceva, Inc. shall take all such action
as may be necessary or appropriate under the securities or Blue Sky laws of the United States (and any comparable laws under any foreign jurisdiction) in connection with the Distribution.
(d) DSPGI and Ceva, Inc. shall take all reasonable steps necessary and appropriate to cause the conditions set forth in Section 3.4 (subject to Sections 3.5(d))
to be satisfied and to effect the Distribution on the Distribution Date.
(e) Immediately prior to
effecting the Distribution, DSPGI shall contribute to Ceva, Inc., in immediately available funds, U.S. $40 million; it being acknowledged by the Parties that, in accordance with Section 8.3 of the Combination Agreement, Ceva, Inc. will bear U.S.$2.0
million of the transaction fees and expenses.
3.3.
Form 10
. DSPGI and
Ceva, Inc. shall prepare and file with the Commission the General Form for Registration of Securities on Form 10, including the Information Statement describing the Distribution and information concerning the business, operations and financial
information of Ceva, Inc. to be distributed to the stockholders of DSPGI (the Information Statement), pursuant to which all the outstanding shares of common stock of Ceva, Inc. as of the Distribution Date will be registered under the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (together with all amendments thereto, the Form 10). Each of DSPGI and Ceva, Inc. shall respond to any comments of the Commission and use such commercially reasonable efforts as may be
necessary in order to cause the Form 10 to become and remain effective as required by law, including, but not limited to, filing such amendments to the Form 10 as may be required by the Commission or applicable securities laws. The Form 10 shall
have become effective on or prior to the Distribution Date, and there shall be no stop-order in effect with respect thereto. DSPGI and Ceva, Inc. shall take such other actions and make any other filings as may be
14
necessary or appropriate under the securities or blue sky laws of the United States or any other relevant jurisdiction in connection with the
Distribution; and, with respect to any such actions and filings, where applicable, shall use commercially reasonable effort to have such filings become effective or accepted.
3.4.
Conditions to Distribution
. The obligation of DSPGI to effect the Distribution is subject to the satisfaction at or prior to
the Distribution Date of the following conditions:
(a) DSPGI and Ceva, Inc. shall have
fulfilled these conditions set forth in Section 6.2(a) of the Combination Agreement;
(b) all Governmental Approvals necessary to consummate the Distribution shall have been obtained and be in full force and effect;
(c) DSPGI and Ceva, Inc. shall have fulfilled the conditions set forth in Section 7.4(c) of the Combination Agreement;
(d) no order, injunction or decree issued by any court or agency of competent jurisdiction or other legal
restraint or prohibition preventing the consummation of the Distribution shall be in effect and no other event outside the control of DSPGI shall have occurred or failed to occur that prevents the consummation of the Distribution;
(e) the Combination Agreement shall not have been terminated, and all conditions to the obligations
of the parties thereunder to consummate the Combination shall have been satisfied or waived, except only the consummation of the Distribution; and
(f) each of the Licensing Business Employees shall be Corage Employees.
3.5.
Fractional Shares
. No fractional shares of Ceva, Inc. Common Stock shall be issued in connection with the Distribution. Any
fractional interest shall be aggregated and sold by Cevas transfer agent, with the cash due to each stockholder for such fraction issued to any holder of record or beneficial owner of DSPGI Common Stock as of the Record Date that has such
fractional share interest, or such other procedure as the parties may agree.
3.6.
The Ceva, Inc.
Board of Directors
. DSPGI and Ceva, Inc. each shall take all actions which may be required to elect or otherwise appoint as directors of Ceva, Inc., on or prior to the Distribution Date, such individuals as may be designated by Ceva, Inc. Board
of Directors (which designation shall be approved by the majority of Ceva, Inc.s directors who are at such time neither officers nor directors of DSPGI) as additional or substitute members of the Board of Directors of Ceva, Inc. on the
Distribution Date.
3.7.
Adjustment of DSPGI Stock Options
.
(a) Each outstanding option to purchase DSPGI Common Stock granted prior to the Distribution Date and held by Corage Employees
(each a DSPGI Option) shall be adjusted as set forth in this Section 3.7. Each DSPGI Option shall be converted as of the Distribution Date, into two options: an option (a DSPGI Adjusted Option) to purchase the same number of
shares of DSPGI Common Stock covered by the DSPGI Option and as to which the DSPGI Option has not been exercised as of the Distribution Date (DSPGI Option Number)
15
and an option (a Ceva, Inc. Option) to purchase a number of shares of Ceva, Inc. Common Stock equal to the DSPGI Option Number times
a fraction, the numerator of which is the total number of shares of Ceva, Inc. Common Stock distributed to DSPGI stockholders in the Distribution and the denominator of which is the total number of shares of DSPGI Common Stock outstanding on the
record date for the Distribution (the Distribution Ratio). The terms of the DSPGI Adjusted Option and the Ceva, Inc. Option (other than the exercise price and the number of shares) shall be substantially the same as the DSPGI Option from
which they were converted. If and to the extent the vesting of any DSPGI Option is subject to vesting based on the continuous employment of the holder thereof with DSPGI or its Subsidiaries, the vesting of the DSPGI Adjusted Option and Ceva, Inc.
Option into which it is converted shall be subject to the same vesting schedule and continuation of the holders employment with Ceva, Inc. or its Subsidiaries, giving credit for continuous employment with DSPGI or Ceva, Inc. or their
respective Subsidiaries, prior to the Distribution Date. The exercise prices per share for each DSPGI Adjusted Option and the Ceva, Inc. Option shall be established in a manner so that: (1) the aggregate intrinsic value (i.e. the market
value of the stock underlying the option, less the exercise price of such option, multiplied by the number of shares then covered by such option) after the Distribution of the DSPGI Adjusted Option plus the Ceva, Inc. Option is not greater than the
intrinsic value of the related DSPGI Option immediately prior to the Distribution; and (2) the ratio of the exercise price per option to the market value per share after the Distribution is not lower than the ratio of the exercise price of the DSPGI
Option to the market value per share of DSPGI Common Stock immediately prior to the Distribution. The determination of the exercise prices for each DSPGI Adjusted Option and Ceva, Inc. Option shall be made by DSPGI as advised by its professional
advisors. The exercise prices for each DSPGI Adjusted Option and Ceva, Inc. Option shall be determined as follows:
(i) Calculate the aggregate intrinsic value of the DSPGI Option immediately prior to the Distribution and determine the ratio of the exercise price for the DSPGI Option to the market value of DSPGI Common Stock
immediately prior to the Distribution (the Pre-Distribution Exercise Price to Market Price Ratio).
(ii) Calculate the preliminary DSPGI Adjusted Option exercise price by dividing (x) the market value of DSPGI Common Stock (without Ceva, Inc.) immediately after the Distribution by (y) the sum of (1) the market value of
DSPGI Common Stock immediately after the Distribution and (2) the market value of Ceva, Inc. Common Stock immediately after the Distribution multiplied by the Distribution Ratio, and multiplying the result by the exercise price for the DSPGI Option.
(iii) Divide the preliminary DSPGI Adjusted Option exercise price by the market value
of DSPGI Common Stock immediately after the Distribution to determine the DSPGI Adjusted Exercise Price to Market Price Ratio. If the DSPGI Adjusted Exercise Price to Market Price Ratio is less than the Pre-Distribution Exercise Price to
Market Price Ratio, increase the preliminary DSPGI Adjusted Option exercise price to align the DSPGI Adjusted Exercise Price to Market Ratio with the Pre-Distribution Exercise Price to Market Price Ratio in order to determine the final Adjusted
DSPGI Option exercise price.
16
(iv) Calculate the preliminary Ceva, Inc. Option
exercise price by multiplying the DSPGI Option exercise price by the result obtained by dividing (1) one minus the fraction calculated in paragraph (ii) above by (2) the Distribution Ratio.
(v) Divide the preliminary Ceva, Inc. Option exercise price by the market value of Ceva, Inc. Common Stock immediately before the Distribution to
determine the Ceva, Inc. Adjusted Exercise Price to Market Price Ratio. If the Ceva, Inc. Adjusted Exercise Price to Market Ratio is less than the Pre-Distribution Exercise Price to Market Price Ratio, increase the preliminary Ceva, Inc.
Option exercise price to align the Ceva, Inc. Adjusted Exercise Price to Market Price Ratio with the Pre-Distribution Exercise Price to Market Price Ratio in order to determine the final Ceva, Inc. Option exercise price.
(vi) Finally, add the aggregate intrinsic values of the DSPGI Adjusted Option and Ceva, Inc. Option and compare
the sum to the aggregate intrinsic value calculated in paragraph (i) above and make final adjustments, if necessary, so that the aggregate intrinsic values of the DSPGI Adjusted Option and Ceva, Inc. Option do not exceed the original aggregate
intrinsic value of the DSPGI Option.
(b) The Ceva, Inc. Options to be granted with respect to each
Adjusted Option shall be issued under Ceva, Inc.s 2000 Stock Incentive Plan, and Ceva, Inc. shall take all corporate action and make all required filings under applicable state Blue Sky laws and the Securities Act to (i) issue the Ceva, Inc.
Options required under this Section 3.7 and (ii) to register or qualify the Ceva, Inc. Options and/or the underlying shares of Ceva, Inc. Common Stock so that the shares of Ceva, Inc. Common Stock acquired upon exercise of each Ceva, Inc. Option are
freely tradable under the Securities Act (except for shares acquired by Affiliates of Ceva, Inc.) and each applicable states Blue Sky laws.
(c) Each outstanding DSPGI Option granted prior to the Distribution Date and not described in Section 3.7(a) (a DSPGI Legacy Option) shall be adjusted as set forth in this
Section 3.7(c). As of the Distribution Date, the exercise price and, if appropriate, the number of shares subject to each DSPGI Legacy Option shall be adjusted to reflect the reduction in value of DSPGI Common Stock as a result of the Distribution.
The exercise price per share and, if appropriate, the number of shares subject to each DSPGI Legacy Option shall be adjusted in a manner so that: (1) the aggregate intrinsic value (i.e. the market value of the stock underlying the
option, less the exercise price of such option, multiplied by the number of shares then covered by such option) after the Distribution is not greater than the intrinsic value of the DSPGI Option immediately prior to the Distribution; and (2) the
ratio of the exercise price of the DSPGI Legacy Option to the market value per share of DSPGI Common Stock after the Distribution is not lower than the ratio of the exercise price of the DSPGI Option to the market value per share of DSPGI Common
Stock immediately prior to the Distribution. The determination of the exercise price and the number of shares subject to each DSPGI Legacy Option shall be made by DSPGI as advised by its professional advisors.
(d) Notwithstanding anything herein or in the Ancillary Agreements to the contrary and the to extent permitted by applicable
law:
17
(i) All compensation deductions attributable to the
amounts included in the gross income of a Corage Employee as a result of the exercise of a Pre-Distribution DSPGI Adjusted Option shall be allocated to and claimed by the DSPGI Group, and the Ceva, Inc. Group shall not report such deductions on its
Income Tax Returns.
(ii) All compensation deductions attributable to the amounts
included in the gross income of a Corage Employee as a result of the exercise of a Post-Distribution DSPGI Adjusted Option shall be allocated to and claimed by the Ceva, Inc. Group, and the DSPGI Group shall not report such deductions on its Income
Tax Returns.
(iii) To the extent that a Corage Employee exercises DSPGI Adjusted
Options and such options are included in an Award some of which are Pre-Distribution DSPGI Adjusted Options and others of which are Post-Distribution DSPGI Adjusted Options, for purposes of this Agreement, all of the Pre-Distribution DSPGI Adjusted
Options shall be deemed to have been exercised before any of the Post-Distribution DSPGI Adjusted Options are treated as having been exercised.
(iv) All compensation deductions attributable to the amounts included in the gross income of a Corage Employee as a result of the exercise of a Ceva, Inc. Option after the Distribution Date
shall be allocated to and claimed by the Ceva, Inc. Group, and the DSPGI Group shall not report such deductions on its Income Tax Returns.
(e) Notwithstanding anything herein or in the Ancillary Agreements to the contrary, Ceva, Inc. shall be responsible for any payroll taxes and withholding taxes arising out of the exercise of a DSPGI Adjusted
Option or a Ceva, Inc. Option by a Corage Employee. DSPGI Group shall provide the Ceva, Inc. Group with any information necessary to make such withholdings and shall collect any required withholdings upon the exercise of a DSPGI Adjusted Option (and
shall not permit the exercise of any such option unless the optionee has made provisions for such withholding tax) and remit such withholding tax to the Ceva, Inc. Group.
(f) Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, Section 3.7 of this Agreement shall terminate upon the publication of Definitive Guidance which the tax
advisors for DSPGI and Ceva, Inc. mutually agree is contrary to the provisions of this Section 3.7, and nothing contained herein shall preclude DSPGI and Ceva, Inc. after such termination of this Section 3.7, from filing amended returns or refund
claims with respect to exercise of options prior to the termination of this Section 3.7 in accordance with such Definitive Guidance.
ARTICLE IV
CERTAIN TAX MATTERS
4.1.
Representations and Warranties
.
(a)
DSPGI
. DSPGI hereby represents and warrants that any facts presented or representations made in the Tax Rulings or the Representation Letters are true, correct and complete solely
to the extent arising out of any information provided by or on behalf of DSPGI or, if made before the Distribution Date, Ceva, Inc.
18
(b)
Ceva, Inc
. Ceva, Inc. hereby
represents and warrants that any facts presented or representations made in the Tax Rulings or the Representation Letters are true, correct and complete solely to the extent arising out of any information provided by or on behalf of Parthus
Technologies plc, or if made after the Distribution Date, by or on behalf of Ceva, Inc.
4.2.
Restrictions on Ceva, Inc.
(a) Until the first day after the
one-year anniversary of the Distribution Date, Ceva, Inc. shall not directly or indirectly enter into any agreement, understanding, arrangement or substantial negotiations, as such terms are defined in Treasury Regulation Section 1.355-7T(h)(1),
regarding a Proposed Acquisition Transaction or, to the extent Ceva, Inc. has the right to prohibit any Proposed Acquisition Transaction, permit any Proposed Acquisition Transaction to occur unless prior to the consummation of such Proposed
Acquisition Transaction DSPGI has determined, in its sole and absolute discretion, which discretion shall be exercised in good faith solely to preserve the Tax-Free Status of the Separation and Distribution, that such Proposed Acquisition
Transaction would not jeopardize the Tax-Free Status of the Separation and Distribution. The foregoing shall not prohibit Ceva, Inc. from entering into a contract or agreement to consummate any Proposed Acquisition Transaction if such contract or
agreement requires satisfaction of the above-described requirement prior to the consummation of such Proposed Acquisition Transaction, such requirement to be satisfied through the cooperation of the parties as described in Section 4.3(b)(ii).
(b) Until the first day after the two-year anniversary of the Distribution Date, (i) Ceva, Inc. shall
continue to conduct the Active Trade or Business; and (ii) Ceva, Inc. shall not (A) liquidate, dispose of, or otherwise discontinue the conduct of all or a substantial portion (but in no instance more than 60% of the gross assets of Ceva, Inc. or
60% of the consolidated gross assets of the Ceva, Inc. Group) of the Active Trade or Business or (B) dispose of any business or assets that would cause Ceva, Inc. to be operated in a manner inconsistent in any material respect with the business
purposes for the Distribution as set forth in the Representation Letters and Tax Rulings, in each case unless DSPGI has determined, in its sole and absolute discretion, which discretion shall be exercised in good faith solely to preserve the
Tax-Free Status of the Separation and Distribution, that such liquidation, disposition, or discontinuance would not jeopardize the Tax-Free Status of the Separation and Distribution. Ceva, Inc. shall continue the active conduct of the Active Trade
or Business primarily through officers and employees of Ceva, Inc. or its Subsidiaries (and not primarily through independent contractors). Notwithstanding the foregoing, (A) except with respect to any corporation or other entity the status of which
as the direct owner of an active trade or business is material to the Tax-Free Status of the Separation and Distribution, liquidations of any of Ceva, Inc.s Subsidiaries into Ceva, Inc. or one or more Subsidiaries directly or indirectly
controlled by Ceva, Inc. shall not be deemed to breach this Section 4.2(b) and (B) Ceva, Inc. shall not be prohibited from liquidating, disposing of or otherwise discontinuing the conduct of one or more trades or businesses that constituted an
immaterial part of the Active Trade or Business, or any portion thereof. For purposes of the preceding sentence and clause (b)(ii) above, asset retirements, sale-leaseback arrangements and discontinuances of product lines within a trade or business
the active conduct of which is continued shall not be deemed a liquidation, disposition or discontinuance of a trade or business or portion thereof. Solely for purposes of this Section 4.2(b), Ceva, Inc. shall not be treated as directly or
indirectly controlling a Subsidiary unless Ceva, Inc. owns, directly or
19
indirectly, shares of capital stock of such Subsidiary constituting (A) 80% or more of the total combined voting power of all outstanding shares
of voting stock of such Subsidiary and (B) 80% or more of the total number of outstanding shares of each class or series of capital stock of such Subsidiary other than voting stock. The foregoing shall not prohibit Ceva, Inc. from entering into a
contract or agreement to consummate any transaction described in this paragraph if such contract or agreement requires satisfaction of the above-described requirements prior to the consummation of such transaction, such requirements to be satisfied
through the cooperation of the parties as described in Section 4.3(b)(ii).
(c) Prior to the
Distribution Date, Ceva, Inc. shall fully discharge and satisfy all of the then existing indebtedness owed by it or its Subsidiaries to DSPGI or any DSPGI Affiliate (other than payables incurred in the ordinary course of the business). From such
date until the first day after the two-year anniversary of the Distribution Date, Ceva, Inc. shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, create, incur, assume or allow to exist any such indebtedness (other than payables incurred in
the ordinary course of the business) with DSPGI or any DSPGI Affiliate.
(d) Notwithstanding the
foregoing, the provisions of Section 4.2 shall not prohibit Ceva, Inc. from implementing any transaction upon which the IRS has granted a favorable ruling in, or which is described in reasonable detail in, the Tax Rulings or any Subsequent Tax
Opinion/Ruling.
4.3.
Cooperation and Other Covenants
.
(a) Each of Ceva, Inc. and DSPGI shall furnish the other with a copy of any ruling requests or other documents delivered to the
IRS that relates to the Distribution or that could otherwise be reasonably expected to have an impact on the Tax-Free Status of the Separation and Distribution.
(b) (i) Each of Ceva, Inc. and DSPGI shall cooperate with the other and shall take (or refrain from taking) all such actions as the other may reasonably request in connection with
obtaining any DSPGI determination referred to in Section 4.2. Such cooperation shall include, without limitation, providing any information, and/or representations, and/or Powers of Attorney reasonably requested by Ceva, Inc. or DSPGI, as applicable
to enable it (or its Tax Advisor) to obtain and maintain any Subsequent Tax Opinion/Ruling that would permit any action described in Section 4.2 to be taken by Ceva, Inc. or Ceva, Inc., DSPGI or their respective Affiliates. From and after any
Representation Date in connection with obtaining any such determination or the receipt of a Subsequent Tax Opinion/Ruling and until the first day after the first anniversary of the date of such determination or receipt, neither party shall take (nor
shall it refrain from taking) any action that would have caused such representation to be untrue unless the other party has determined, in its sole and absolute discretion, which discretion shall be exercised in good faith solely to preserve the
Tax-Free Status of the Separation and Distribution, that such action would not jeopardize the Tax-Free Status of the Separation and Distribution.
(ii) In the event that Ceva, Inc. notifies DSPGI that it desires to take one of the actions described in Section 4.2 and DSPGI concludes that such action might
20
jeopardize the Tax-Free Status of the Separation and Distribution, Ceva, Inc., may seek a Subsequent Tax Opinion/Ruling that would permit Ceva,
Inc. to take the specified action, and DSPGI shall use commercially reasonable efforts to assist Ceva, Inc. in obtaining such Subsequent Tax Opinion/Ruling; provided, however, that the reasonable costs and expenses of obtaining any such Subsequent
Tax Opinion/Ruling shall be borne by Ceva, Inc.
(c) (i) Until all restrictions set forth in
Section 4.2 have expired, Ceva, Inc. shall give DSPGI written notice of any intention to effect or permit an action or transaction described in Section 4.2 and which is prohibited thereunder at such time within a period of time reasonably sufficient
to enable DSPGI to make the determination referred to in Section 4.2. Each such notice by Ceva, Inc. shall set forth the terms and conditions of the proposed action or transaction, including, without limitation, as applicable, the nature of any
related action proposed to be taken by the Board of Directors of Ceva, Inc., the approximate number of shares of Ceva, Inc. capital stock proposed to be transferred or issued, the approximate value of Ceva, Inc.s assets (or assets of any of
Ceva, Inc.s Subsidiaries) proposed to be transferred, the proposed timetable for such action or transaction, and the number of shares of Ceva, Inc. capital stock otherwise then owned by the other party to the proposed action or transaction,
all with sufficient particularity to enable DSPGI to make any such required determination. All information provided by Ceva, Inc. to DSPGI pursuant to this Section 4.3 shall be deemed subject to the confidentiality obligations of this Agreement.
(ii) Promptly, but in any event within ten business days, after DSPGI receives such
written notice from Ceva, Inc., DSPGI shall evaluate such information and notify Ceva, Inc. in writing of (A) such determination or (B) DSPGIs requirement that Ceva, Inc. obtain a Subsequent Tax Opinion/Ruling prior to undertaking such action
or transaction. If DSPGI makes a determination that an action or transaction described in Section 4.2 would jeopardize the Tax-Free Status of the Separation and Distribution, such notice to Ceva, Inc. shall set forth, in reasonable detail, the
reasons therefor. In the event that Ceva, Inc. does not receive written notice of DSPGIs determination or requirement that Ceva, Inc. obtain a Subsequent Tax Opinion/Ruling within ten business days after the notification by Ceva, Inc., then
DSPGI shall be deemed to have elected to require that Ceva, Inc. obtain a Subsequent Tax Opinion/Ruling prior to undertaking such action or transaction. Ceva, Inc. shall notify DSPGI promptly, but in any event within ten business days, after the
receipt of a Subsequent Tax Opinion/Ruling.
4.4.
Indemnification For Tax Liabilities
.
(a) (i) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement to the contrary, subject to
Section 4.4(b), Ceva, Inc. shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless DSPGI and each DSPGI Affiliate (or any successor to any of them) against any and all Tax-Related Losses incurred by DSPGI or any of them in connection with any proposed tax
assessment or tax controversy with respect to the Distribution or the Separation to the extent caused by any breach by Ceva, Inc. of any of its representations, warranties or covenants made pursuant to Article IV of this Agreement or in any
Representation Letter issued by Ceva, Inc. after the Combination Effective Date.
(ii) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement to the contrary, DSPGI shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless Ceva, Inc. and each Ceva, Inc.
21
Affiliate (or any successor to any of them) against (A) any and all Tax-Related Losses incurred by Ceva, Inc. or any of them in connection with
any proposed tax assessment or tax controversy with respect to the Distribution or the Separation other than a Tax-Related Loss incurred by Ceva, Inc. as a result of any breach by Ceva, Inc. of any of its representations, warranties or covenants
made pursuant to Article IV of this Agreement or in any Representation Letter issued by Ceva, Inc. after the Combination Effective Date and (B) any sales and use, gross receipts, or other similar transfer taxes imposed on the transfers occurring
pursuant to the Separation and Distribution.
(iii) All interest or penalties incurred
in connection with any Tax-Related Losses or any indemnification obligation under subsection (ii)(B) above shall be computed for the time period up to and including the date that the Indemnifying Party pays its indemnification obligation in full.
(b) The Indemnifying Party shall pay any amount due and payable to the Indemnitee pursuant to this
Section 4.4 on or before the 90th day following the earlier of agreement or determination that such amount is due and payable to the Indemnitee. All payments made pursuant to this Section 4.4 shall be made by wire transfer to the bank account
designated by the Indemnitee for such purpose, and on the date of such wire transfer the Indemnifying Party shall give the Indemnitee notice of the transfer.
4.5.
Procedure For Indemnification For Tax Liabilities
.
(a) If an Indemnitee receives notice of the assertion of any Third-Party Claim with respect to which an Indemnifying Party may be obligated under Section 4.4 to provide indemnification, the Indemnitee shall give the
Indemnifying Party notice thereof (together with a copy of such Third-Party Claim, process or other legal pleading) promptly after becoming aware of such Third-Party Claim; provided, however, that the failure of the Indemnitee to give notice as
provided in this Section shall not relieve the Indemnifying Party of its obligations under Section 4.4, except to the extent that the Indemnifying Party is actually prejudiced by such failure to give notice. Such notice shall describe such
Third-Party Claim in reasonable detail.
(b) DSPGI and Ceva, Inc. shall jointly control the defense of,
and cooperate with each other with respect to defending, any Third-Party Claim with respect to which either party is obligated under Section 4.4 to provide indemnification, provided that either party shall forfeit such joint control right with
respect to a particular Third-Party Claim if such party or any Affiliate of such party makes any public statement or filing, or takes any action (including, but not limited to, the filing of any submission or pleading, or the giving of a deposition
or production of documents, in any administrative or court proceeding) in connection with such Third-Party Claim that is inconsistent in a material respect with any representation or warranty made by such party in this Agreement, the Tax Rulings,
the Subsequent Tax Opinion/Ruling or the Representation Letters.
(c) Ceva, Inc. and DSPGI shall
exercise their rights to jointly control the defense of any such Third-Party Claim solely for the purpose of defeating such Third-Party Claim and, unless required by applicable law, neither Ceva, Inc. nor DSPGI shall make any statements or take any
actions that could reasonably result in the shifting of liability for any Tax-
22
Related Losses arising out of such Third-Party Claim from the party making such statement or taking such action (or any of its Affiliates) to
the other party (or any of its Affiliates).
(d) Statements made or actions taken by either Ceva, Inc.
or DSPGI in connection with the defense of any such Third-Party Claim shall not prejudice the rights of such party in any subsequent action or proceeding between the parties.
(e) If either DSPGI or Ceva, Inc. fails to jointly defend any such Third-Party Claim, the other party shall solely defend such Third-Party Claim and the party
failing to jointly defend shall use commercially reasonable efforts to cooperate with the other party in its defense of such Third-Party Claim; provided, however, that an Indemnitee may not compromise or settle any such Third-Party Claim without the
prior written consent of the Indemnifying Party, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed. All costs and expenses of either party incurred in connection with, and during the course of, the joint control of the defense of any such
Third-Party Claim shall be initially paid by the party that incurs such costs and expenses. Such costs and expenses shall be reallocated and reimbursed in accordance with the respective indemnification obligations of the parties at the conclusion of
the defense of such Third-Party Claim.
4.6.
Survival
. The rights and
obligations of each of DSPGI and Ceva, Inc. and their respective Indemnitees under this Article IV shall survive until thirty days following the expiration of the applicable statute of limitations.
4.7.
Section 355(e)
Notice
. Promptly after the Combination Effective Date, DSPGI shall
file with the appropriate Internal Revenue Service Center a notice under Section 355(e)(4)(E) of the Code substantially in the form of
Exhibit A
to this Agreement.
ARTICLE V
INDEMNIFICATION
5.1.
Release of Claims
.
(a) Except as provided in Section 5.1(c), effective as of the Distribution Date, Ceva, Inc. does hereby, for itself, its respective Affiliates (other than any
member of the DSPGI Group), successors and assigns, and all Persons who at any time prior to the Distribution Date have been stockholders, directors, officers, agents or employees of any member of the Ceva, Inc. Group (in each case, in their
respective capacities as such), remise, release and forever discharge each of DSPGI, its respective Affiliates (other than any member of the Ceva, Inc. Group), successors and assigns, and all Persons who at any time prior to the Distribution Date
have been stockholders, directors, officers, agents or employees of DSPGI (in each case, in their respective capacities as such), and their respective heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns, from any and all Liabilities whatsoever,
whether at law or in equity (including any right of contribution), whether arising under any contract or agreement, by operation of law or otherwise, existing or arising from all acts and events occurring or failing to occur or alleged to have
occurred or to have failed to occur and all conditions existing or alleged to have existed on or before the Distribution Date (including any contractual arrangements or arrangements existing or alleged to exist between them on or before the
Distribution Date).
23
(b) Except as provided in Section 5.1(c), effective as of the
Distribution Date, DSPGI does hereby, for itself and its Affiliates (other than any member of the Ceva, Inc. Group), successors and assigns, and all Persons who at any time prior to the Distribution Date have been stockholders, directors, officers,
agents or employees of any member of the DSPGI Group (in each case, in their respective capacities as such), remise, release and forever discharge Ceva, Inc., the respective members of the Ceva, Inc. Group, their respective Affiliates (other than
any member of the DSPGI Group), successors and assigns, and all Persons who at any time prior to the Distribution Date have been stockholders, directors, officers, agents or employees of any member of the Ceva, Inc. Group (in each case, in their
respective capacities as such), and their respective heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns, from any and all Liabilities whatsoever, whether at law or in equity (including any right of contribution), whether arising under any
contract or agreement, by operation of law or otherwise, existing or arising from all acts and events occurring or failing to occur or alleged to have occurred or to have failed to occur and all conditions existing or alleged to have existed on or
before the Distribution Date (including any contractual arrangements or arrangements existing or alleged to exist between them on or before the Distribution Date).
(c) Nothing in Section 5.1(a) or (b) shall impair any right of any Person to enforce this Agreement, any Ancillary Agreement, or the Tax Indemnification
Agreement. Nothing in Section 5.1(a) or (b) shall release any Person from:
(i) any
Liability, contingent or otherwise, assumed, transferred, assigned or allocated to the Group of which such Person is a member in accordance with, or any other Liability of any member of any Group under, this Agreement or any Ancillary Agreement;
(ii) any Liability that the parties may have with respect to indemnification or
contribution pursuant to this Agreement for claims brought against the parties by third Persons, which Liability shall be governed by the provisions of this Article V and Article VI and, if applicable, the appropriate provisions of the Ancillary
Agreements; or
(iii) any Liability the release of which would result in the release of
any Person other than a Person released pursuant to this Section 5.1; provided, however, that the parties shall not bring suit or permit any of their Subsidiaries to bring suit against any Person with respect to any Liability to the extent that such
Person would be released with respect to such Liability by this Section 5.1 but for the provisions of this clause (iii).
(d) Ceva, Inc. shall not make, and shall not permit any member of the Ceva, Inc. Group to make, any claim or demand, or commence any Action asserting any claim or demand, including any claim of contribution or any
indemnification, against DSPGI or any member of the DSPGI Group or any other Person released pursuant to Section 5.1(a), with respect to any Liabilities released pursuant to Section 5.1(a). DSPGI shall not, and shall not permit any member of the
DSPGI Group, to make any claim or demand, or commence any Action asserting any claim or demand, including any claim of contribution or any indemnification, against Ceva, Inc. or any member of the Ceva, Inc. Group, or any other Person released
pursuant to Section 5.1(b), with respect to any Liabilities released pursuant to Section 5.1(b).
24
(e) It is the intent of each of DSPGI and Ceva, Inc., by virtue of the
provisions of this Section 5.1, to provide for a full and complete release and discharge of all Liabilities existing or arising from all acts and events occurring or failing to occur or alleged to have occurred or to have failed to occur and all
conditions existing or alleged to have existed on or before the Distribution Date, between or among Ceva, Inc. or any member of the Ceva, Inc. Group, on the one hand, and DSPGI or any member of the DSPGI Group, on the other hand (including any
contractual agreements or arrangements existing or alleged to exist between or among any such members on or before the Distribution Date), except as expressly set forth in Section 5.1(c). At any time, at the request of any other party, each party
shall cause each member of its respective Group to execute and deliver releases reflecting the provisions hereof.
5.2.
Indemnification by Ceva, Inc
. Except as provided in Section 5.4, Ceva, Inc. shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless DSPGI, each member of the DSPGI Group and each of their respective
directors, officers and employees, and each of the heirs, executors, successors and assigns of any of the foregoing (collectively, the DSPGI Indemnitees), from and against any and all Liabilities of the DSPGI Indemnitees relating to,
arising out of or resulting from any of the following items (without duplication):
(a) the failure of Ceva, Inc. or any other member of the Ceva, Inc. Group or any other Person to pay, perform, or discharge any Corage Assumed Liabilities in accordance with their respective terms, whether prior to or
after the Combination Effective Date or the date of this Agreement;
(b) any breach by
Ceva, Inc. or any member of the Ceva, Inc. Group of this Agreement, any of the Ancillary Agreements, or the Tax Indemnification Agreement subject to any limitations set forth in the Ancillary Agreements or the Tax Indemnification Agreement; and
(c) any breach by Ceva, Inc. or any member of the Ceva, Inc. Group of any covenants or
obligations in the Combination Agreement or in any documents or instruments executed and delivered by Ceva, Inc. or any member of the Ceva, Inc. Group, occurring at any time on or after the Distribution Date.
5.3.
Indemnification by DSPGI
. Except as otherwise provided in Section 5.5, DSPGI shall
indemnify, defend and hold harmless Ceva, Inc., each member of the Ceva, Inc. Group and each of their respective directors, officers and employees, and each of the heirs, executors, successors and assigns of any of the foregoing (collectively, the
Ceva, Inc. Indemnitees), from and against any and all Liabilities of the Ceva, Inc. Indemnitees relating to, arising out of or resulting from any of the following items (without duplication):
(a) the failure of DSPGI or any other member of the DSPGI Group or any other Person to pay, perform or
otherwise promptly discharge any Liabilities of DSPGI or the DSPGI Group, which includes any and all Liabilities which are not Corage Assumed Liabilities, whether prior to or after the Distribution Date or the date of this Agreement;
(b) any breach by DSPGI or any member of the DSPGI Group of this Agreement, any of the Ancillary
Agreements or the Tax Indemnification Agreement, including
25
any breach or inaccuracy of any representation or warranty made herein or therein
subject to any limitations set forth in the Ancillary Agreements or the Tax Indemnification Agreement; and
(c) any breach by DSPGI or any member of the DSPGI Group of any covenants or obligations in the Combination Agreement or in any documents or instruments executed and delivered by DSPGI or any member of the DSPGI Group,
occurring at any time after the Distribution Date.
5.4.
Indemnification Obligations Net of
Insurance Proceeds and Other Amounts
.
(a) The parties intend that any Liability subject to
indemnification or reimbursement pursuant to this Article V or Article VI will be net of Insurance Proceeds that actually reduce the amount of the Liability. Accordingly, the amount which any party (an Indemnifying Party) is required to
pay to any Person entitled to indemnification hereunder (an Indemnitee) will be reduced by any Insurance Proceeds theretofore actually recovered by or on behalf of the Indemnitee in reduction of the related Liability. If an Indemnitee
receives a payment (an Indemnity Payment) required by this Agreement from an Indemnifying Party in respect of any Liability and subsequently receives Insurance Proceeds, then the Indemnitee shall pay to the Indemnifying Party an amount
equal to the excess of the Indemnity Payment received over the amount of the Indemnity Payment that would have been due if the Insurance Proceeds had been received, realized or recovered before the Indemnity Payment was made.
(b) An insurer who would otherwise be obligated to pay any claim shall not be relieved of the responsibility with
respect thereto or, solely by virtue of the indemnification provisions hereof, have any subrogation rights with respect thereto, it being expressly understood and agreed that no insurer or any other third party shall be entitled to a
windfall (i.e., a benefit they would not be entitled to receive in the absence of the indemnification provisions) by virtue of the indemnification provisions hereof. Nothing in this Agreement or any Ancillary Agreement shall obligate any
member of any Group to seek to collect or recover any Insurance Proceeds.
5.5.
Procedures for
Indemnification of Third Party Claims
.
(a) If an Indemnitee shall receive notice or otherwise
learn of the assertion by a Person (including any Governmental Authority) of any claim or of the commencement by any such Person of any Action (collectively, a Third Party Claim) with respect to which an Indemnifying Party may be
obligated to provide indemnification to such Indemnitee pursuant to Section 5.2 or 5.3, or any other Section of this Agreement, any Ancillary Agreement, such Indemnitee shall give such Indemnifying Party written notice thereof within twenty days
after becoming aware of such Third Party Claim. Any such notice shall describe the facts constituting the basis for the Third Party Claim and the amount of the claimed Damages in reasonable detail. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no delay or failure
of any Indemnitee to give the notice as provided in this Section 5.5(a) shall not relieve the related Indemnifying Party of its obligations under this Article V, except to the extent of any damage or liability arising out of such delay or failure.
26
(b) An Indemnifying Party may elect to defend, with counsel reasonably
satisfactory to the Indemnitee (and, unless the Indemnifying Party has specified any reservations or exceptions, to seek to settle or compromise), at such Indemnifying Partys own expense, any Third Party Claim. Within thirty days after the
receipt of the notice from an Indemnitee in accordance with Section 5.5(a) (or sooner, if the nature of such Third Party Claim so requires), the Indemnifying Party shall notify the Indemnitee of its election whether the Indemnifying Party shall
assume responsibility for defending such Third Party Claim, which election shall specify any reservations or exceptions; provided that (i) the Indemnifying Party may only assume control of such defense if (A) it acknowledges in writing to the
Indemnitee that any Damages, fines, costs or other liabilities that may be assessed against the Indemnitee in connection with such Third Party Claim constitute Damages for which the Indemnitee shall be indemnified pursuant to this Article V and (B)
the ad damnum is less than or equal to the amount of Damages for which the Indemnifying Party is liable under this Article V and (ii) the Indemnifying Party may not assume control of the defense of Third Party Claim involving criminal liability or
in which equitable relief is sought against the Indemnitee; provided however, with respect to a Third Party Claim involving both equitable relief and monetary damages and in which the liability and damages phases of the proceeding are separated, the
Indemnifying Party may assume the defense of the portion of the proceeding solely as it relates to monetary damages. After notice from an Indemnifying Party to an Indemnitee of its election to assume the defense of a Third Party Claim, such
Indemnitee shall have the right to employ separate counsel and to participate in (but not control) the defense, compromise, or settlement thereof, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be the expense of such Indemnitee except as set forth
in the next sentence. In the event that the Indemnifying Party has elected to assume the defense of the Third Party Claim but has specified, and continues to assert, any reservations or exceptions in such notice, then, in any such case, the
reasonable fees and expenses of one separate counsel for all Indemnitees shall be borne by the Indemnifying Party.
(c) If an Indemnifying Party elects not to assume responsibility for defending a Third Party Claim, or fails to notify an Indemnitee of its election as provided in Section 5.5(a), such Indemnitee may defend such Third
Party Claim at the cost and expense of the Indemnifying Party.
(d) Unless the Indemnifying Party has
failed to assume the defense of the Third Party Claim in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, no Indemnitee may settle or compromise any Third Party Claim without the written consent of the Indemnifying Party, which consent shall not be
unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed.
(e) No Indemnifying Party shall consent to entry of any
judgment or enter into any settlement of the Third Party Claim without the written consent of the Indemnitee; provided that the consent of the Indemnitee shall not be required if the Indemnifying Party agrees in writing to pay any amounts payable
pursuant to such settlement or judgment and such settlement or judgment includes a complete release of the Indemnitee from further liability and has no other adverse effect on the Indemnitee.
(f) In order to seek indemnification under this Article V, an Indemnitee shall deliver a Claim Notice to the Indemnifying Party.
27
(g) During the thirty-day period following the delivery of a Claim
Notice, the Indemnifying Party and the Indemnitee shall use good faith efforts to resolve the Claim described therein. If within the thirty-day period following delivery of the Claim Notice, the parties agree in writing that the Indemnitee is
entitled to the Claimed Amount or the Agreed Amount, the Indemnifying Party shall within five days of such agreement deliver to the Indemnitee, a payment of the Claimed Amount or the Agreed Amount, whichever is applicable by check or by wire
transfer. If the Claim is not entirely resolved within such thirty-day period, the Indemnifying Party and the Indemnitee shall discuss in good faith the submission of the Dispute to binding arbitration, and if the Indemnifying Party and the
Indemnified Party agree in writing to submit the Dispute to such arbitration, then the provisions of Article VIII. The provisions of this Section 5.5(g) shall not obligate the Indemnifying Party and the Indemnitee to submit to arbitration or any
other alternative dispute resolution procedure with respect to any Dispute, and in the absence of an agreement by the Indemnifying Party and the Indemnitee to arbitrate a Dispute, such Dispute shall be resolved in a state or federal court sitting in
New York, New York.
5.6.
Additional Matters
.
(a) Any claim on account of a Liability which does not result from a Third Party Claim shall be asserted by written notice given by the
Indemnitee to the related Indemnifying Party. Such Indemnifying Party shall have a period of thirty days after the receipt of such notice within which to accept responsibility for such claim in writing. If such Indemnifying Party does not accept
responsibility therefor within such thirty-day period, such Indemnifying Party shall be deemed to have refused to accept responsibility to make payment. If such Indemnifying Party does not respond within such thirty-day period or rejects such claim
in whole or in part, such Indemnitee shall be free to pursue such remedies as may be available to such party as contemplated by this Agreement, the Ancillary Agreements and the Tax Indemnification Agreement without prejudice to its right to receive
indemnification from the Indemnifying Party if it is ultimately determined that such rejection was improper.
(b) In the event of payment by or on behalf of any Indemnifying Party to any Indemnitee in connection with any Third Party Claim, such Indemnifying Party shall be subrogated to and shall stand in the place of such
Indemnitee as to any events or circumstances in respect of which such Indemnitee may have any right, defense or claim relating to such Third Party Claim against any claimant or plaintiff asserting such Third Party Claim or against any other person.
Such Indemnitee shall cooperate with such Indemnifying Party in a reasonable manner, and at the cost and expense of such Indemnifying Party, in prosecuting any subrogated right, defense or claim.
(c) In the event of an Action in which the Indemnifying Party is not a named defendant, if the Indemnifying Party shall so request, the parties shall
endeavor to substitute the Indemnifying Party for the named defendant if at all practicable. If such substitution or addition cannot be achieved for any reason or is not requested, the named defendant shall allow the Indemnifying Party to manage the
Action as set forth in this Section and the Indemnifying Party shall fully indemnify the named defendant against all costs of defending the Action (including court costs, sanctions imposed by a court, attorneys fees, experts fees and all
other external
28
expenses), the costs of any judgment or settlement, and the cost of any interest or penalties relating
to any judgment or settlement.
5.7.
Remedies Cumulative
. The remedies
provided in this Article V shall be cumulative and, subject to the provisions of Article VIII, shall not preclude assertion by any Indemnitee of any other rights or the seeking of any and all other remedies against any Indemnifying Party.
5.8.
Survival of Indemnities
. The rights and obligations of each of
DSPGI and Ceva, Inc. and their respective Indemnitees under this Article V shall survive the sale or other transfer by any party of any assets or businesses or the assignment by it of any Liabilities until the second anniversary following the
Distribution Date.
5.9.
Tax-Related Losses
. Notwithstanding anything
herein to the contrary, Article IV shall govern and shall be the exclusive remedy for any breach of any representation, warranty or covenant contained in Article IV of this Agreement; provided, however, that Article VIII shall govern any disputes
among the parties arising out of Article IV. Except as otherwise specifically provided in this Agreement or in any Ancillary Agreement, as applicable, the indemnification rights afforded by this Article V are the exclusive remedy for all other
matters relating to this Agreement, the Ancillary Agreements and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby.
ARTICLE VI
INTERIM OPERATIONS AND CERTAIN OTHER MATTERS
6.1.
Certain Business Matters
.
(a) Except as may be expressly set forth in Section 6.2 below or in any Ancillary Agreement, no member of any Group shall have any duty to refrain from (i) engaging in the same or similar
activities or lines of business as any member of any other Group, (ii) doing business with any potential or actual supplier or customer of any member of any other Group, or (iii) engaging in, or refraining from, any other activities whatsoever
relating to any of the potential or actual suppliers or customers of any member of any other Group.
(b) Each of DSPGI and Ceva, Inc. is aware that from time to time certain business opportunities may arise which more than one Group may be financially able to undertake, and which are, from their nature, in the line of
more than one Groups business and are of practical advantage to more than one Group. In connection therewith, the parties agree that if, following the Distribution Date and prior to (but not following) the Combination Effective Date, any of
DSPGI or Ceva, Inc. acquires knowledge of an opportunity that meets the foregoing standard with respect to more than one Group, none of DSPGI or Ceva, Inc. shall have any duty to communicate or offer such opportunity to any of the others and may
pursue or acquire such opportunity for itself, or direct such opportunity to any other Person in each case subject to the provisions of Section 6.2.
6.2.
Non-Competition, Solicitation and Hiring
.
29
(a) Subject to the restrictions and rights set forth in the Technology
Transfer Agreements, the DSPGI Group acknowledges that, prior to the Distribution, it has and will have become privy to certain confidential information and trade secrets of Ceva, Inc. and further acknowledges that it will derive substantial
benefits from the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and that Ceva, Inc. is consummating such transactions in reliance upon the agreement in this Section 6.2 that the knowledge and expertise developed by Ceva, Inc. and
available to the DSPGI Group will be preserved and will not be used in competition with Ceva, Inc. The DSPGI Group acknowledges that it is reasonable and necessary for the protection of Ceva, Inc. and its Subsidiaries that the DSPGI Group agree, and
accordingly the DSPGI Group does agree that, for a period of five years following the Distribution Date (the Noncompetition Period), the DSPGI Group shall not, and shall ensure that Affiliates of the DSPGI Group shall not directly or
indirectly engage in any business that is competitive with the Licensing Business.
(b) Subject to the
restrictions and rights set forth in the Technology Transfer Agreements, the Ceva, Inc. Group acknowledges that, prior to the Distribution, it has and will have become privy to certain confidential information of DSPGI and further acknowledges that
it will derive substantial benefits from the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and that DSPGI is consummating such transactions in reliance upon the agreement in this Section 6.2 that the knowledge and expertise
developed by DSPGI and available to the Ceva, Inc. Group (and the rights to use which have not been conveyed to Ceva, Inc., DSP Ceva or Corage, Ltd. pursuant to the transactions contemplated by Section 2.2 of this Agreement) will be preserved and
will not be used in competition with DSPGI. The Ceva, Inc. Group acknowledges that its is reasonable and necessary for the protection of DSPGI and its Subsidiaries that the Ceva, Inc. Group agree, and accordingly the Ceva, Inc. Group does agree
that, during the Noncompetition Period, the Ceva, Inc. Group shall not and shall ensure that Affiliates of the Ceva, Inc. Group shall not directly or indirectly engage in any business that is competitive with the Products Business.
(c) For a period of three years after the Distribution Date, each of DSPGI and Ceva, Inc. shall not, either directly
or indirectly (including through an Affiliate), solicit for hire any employee of the other or its Subsidiaries; provided, however, that such restriction shall not apply to (i) any individual whose employment with such party has been terminated or
(ii) any general employment solicitations that are not targeted at any such employees, such as advertisements in publications in general circulation.
(d) For purposes of this Section 6.2, neither DSPGI nor Ceva, Inc. will be deemed to be engaged indirectly in an activity as a result of another Person engaging in that activity unless that
Person is its Affiliate.
(e) The invalidity or non-enforceability of this Section 6.2 in any respect
shall not affect the validity or enforceability of this Section 6.2 in any other respect or of any other provisions of this Agreement. In the event that any provision of this Section 6.2 shall be held invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent
jurisdiction by reason of the geographic or business scope or the duration thereof, such invalidity or unenforceability shall attach only to the scope or duration of such provision and shall not affect or render invalid or unenforceable any other
provision of this Agreement, and, to the fullest extent permitted by law, this Agreement
30
shall be construed as if the geographic or business scope or the duration of such provision had been more narrowly drafted so as not to be
invalid or unenforceable.
(f) Each of Ceva, Inc. and DSPGI acknowledges that the other party would
suffer irreparable harm if it were to breach its obligations under Sections 6.2(a) or (b), respectively, and that the other partys remedy at law for any such breach is and will be insufficient and inadequate and that the other shall be
entitled to equitable relief, including by way of temporary and permanent injunction, in addition to any remedies the other party may have at law.
6.3.
Late Payments
. Except as expressly provided to the contrary in this Agreement or in any Ancillary Agreement, any amount not paid when due pursuant to this
Agreement or any Ancillary Agreement or the Tax Indemnification Agreement (and any amounts billed or otherwise invoiced or demanded and properly payable that are not paid within thirty days of such bill, invoice or other demand) shall accrue
interest at a rate per annum equal to the Prime Rate plus two percent.
ARTICLE VII
EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION; CONFIDENTIALITY
7.1.
Agreement for Exchange of Information; Archives
.
(a) Each of DSPGI and Ceva, Inc., on behalf of its respective Group, agrees to provide, or cause to be provided, to the other Group, at any time before or after the Distribution Date, as soon as reasonably practicable
after written request therefor, any Information in the possession or under the control of such Group which the requesting party reasonably needs (i) to comply with reporting, disclosure, filing or other requirements imposed on the requesting party
(including under applicable securities or tax laws) by a Governmental Authority having jurisdiction over the requesting party, (ii) for use in any other judicial, regulatory, administrative, tax or other proceeding or in order to satisfy audit,
accounting, claims, regulatory, litigation, tax or other similar requirements, or (iii) to comply with its obligations under this Agreement or any Ancillary Agreement;
provided
,
however
, that in the event that any party determines that
any such provision of Information could be commercially detrimental, violate any law or agreement, or waive any attorney client privilege, the parties shall take all reasonable measures to permit the compliance with such obligations in a manner that
avoids any such harm or consequences.
(b) After the Combination Effective Date, Ceva, Inc. shall have
access during regular business hours (as in effect from time to time) to the documents and objects of historic significance that relate to the business of Ceva, Inc. that are located in the records of DSPGI. Ceva, Inc. may obtain copies (but not
originals) of documents for bona fide business purposes and Ceva, Inc. shall comply with any rules, procedures or other requirements, and shall be subject to any restrictions (including prohibitions on removal of specified objects), that are then
applicable to DSPGI. Nothing herein shall be deemed to restrict the access of any member of the DSPGI Group to any such documents.
7.2.
Ownership of Information
. Any Information owned by one Group that is provided to a requesting party pursuant to Section 7.1 shall be deemed to remain the property
31
and confidential information of the providing party. Unless specifically set forth herein, nothing contained in this Agreement shall be
construed as granting or conferring rights of license or otherwise in any such Information.
7.3.
Compensation for Providing Information
. The party requesting such Information shall reimburse the other party for the reasonable costs, if any, of creating, gathering and copying such
Information, to the extent that such costs are incurred for the benefit of the requesting party. Except as may be otherwise specifically provided elsewhere in this Agreement or in any other agreement between the parties, such costs shall be computed
in accordance with the providing partys standard methodology and procedures.
7.4.
Record
Retention
. To facilitate the possible exchange of Information pursuant to this Article VII and other provisions of this Agreement after the Distribution Date, the parties shall exercise their reasonable best efforts to
retain all Information in their respective possession or control on the Distribution Date. No party will destroy, or permit any of its Subsidiaries to destroy, any Information which the other party may have the right to obtain pursuant to this
Agreement prior to the third anniversary of the date of this Agreement without first using its reasonable best efforts to notify the other party of the proposed destruction and giving the other party the opportunity to take possession of such
information prior to such destruction; provided, however, that in the case of any Information relating to Taxes (as such term is defined in the Combination Agreement) or to Environmental Liabilities, such period shall be extended to the expiration
of the applicable statute of limitations (giving effect to any extensions thereof).
7.5.
Limitation
of Liability
. No party shall have any liability to any other party in the event that any Information exchanged or provided pursuant to this Agreement which is an estimate or forecast, or which is based on an estimate or
forecast, is found to be inaccurate, in the absence of willful misconduct by the party providing such Information. No party shall have any liability to any other party if any Information is destroyed after reasonable best efforts by such party to
comply with the provisions of Section 7.4.
7.6.
Other Agreements Providing for Exchange of
Information
. The rights and obligations granted under this Article VII are subject to any specific limitations, qualifications or additional provisions on the sharing, exchange or confidential treatment of Information set
forth in any Ancillary Agreement.
7.7.
Production of Witnesses; Records; Cooperation
.
(a) After the Distribution Date, except in the case of an adversarial Action by one party against
another party, each party hereto shall exercise its reasonable best efforts to make available to each other party, upon written request, the former, current and future directors, officers, employees, other personnel and agents of the members of its
respective Group as witnesses and any books, records or other documents within its control or which it otherwise has the ability to make available, to the extent that any such person (giving consideration to business demands of such directors,
officers, employees, other personnel and agents) or books, records or other documents may reasonably be required in connection with any Action in which the requesting party may from time to time be involved, regardless of whether such Action is a
matter with respect to which indemnification may be sought hereunder.
32
(b) If an Indemnifying Party chooses to defend or to seek to
compromise or settle any Third Party Claim, the other parties shall make available to such Indemnifying Party or such other party, as the case may be, upon written request, the former, current and future directors, officers, employees, other
personnel and agents of the members of its respective Group as witnesses and any books, records or other documents within its control or which it otherwise has the ability to make available, to the extent that any such person (giving consideration
to business demands of such directors, officers, employees, other personnel and agents) or books, records or other documents may reasonably be required in connection with such defense, settlement or compromise, or such prosecution, evaluation or
pursuit, as the case may be, and shall otherwise cooperate in such defense, settlement or compromise, or such prosecution, evaluation or pursuit, as the case may be.
(c) Without limiting the foregoing, the parties shall cooperate and consult to the extent reasonably necessary with respect to any Actions.
(d) Without limiting any provision of this Section, each of the parties agrees to cooperate, and to cause each
member of its respective Group to cooperate, with each other in the defense of any infringement or similar claim with respect to any intellectual property and shall not claim to acknowledge, or permit any member of its respective Group to claim to
acknowledge, the validity or infringing use of any intellectual property of a third Person in a manner that would hamper or undermine the defense of such infringement or similar claim.
(e) The obligation of the parties to provide witnesses pursuant to this Section 7.7 is intended to be interpreted in a manner so as to facilitate cooperation and shall
include the obligation to provide as witnesses inventors and other officers without regard to whether the witness or the employer of the witness could assert a possible business conflict (subject to the exception set forth in the first sentence of
Section 7.7(a)).
(f) In connection with any matter contemplated by this Section 7.7, the parties shall
enter into a mutually acceptable joint defense agreement so as to maintain to the extent practicable any applicable attorney-client privilege or work product immunity of any member of any Group.
7.8.
Confidentiality
.
(a) Subject to Section 7.9, each of DSPGI and Ceva, Inc., on behalf of itself and each member of its respective Group, agrees to hold, and to cause its respective directors, officers, employees, agents, accountants,
counsel and other advisors and representatives to hold, in strict confidence, with at least the same degree of care that applies to DSPGIs confidential and proprietary information pursuant to policies in effect as of the Distribution Date, all
Information concerning each such other Group that is either in its possession (including Information in its possession prior to any of the date hereof, the Combination Effective Date or the Distribution Date) or furnished by any such other Group or
its respective directors, officers, employees, agents, accountants, counsel and other advisors and representatives at any time pursuant to this Agreement, any Ancillary Agreement, the Tax Indemnification Agreement or otherwise, and shall not use any
such Information other than for such purposes as shall be expressly permitted hereunder or thereunder, except, in each case, to the extent that such
33
Information has been (i) in the public domain through no fault of such party or any member of such Group or any of their respective directors,
officers, employees, agents, accountants, counsel and other advisors and representatives, (ii) later lawfully acquired from other sources by such party (or any member of such partys Group) which sources are not themselves bound by a
confidentiality obligation), or (iii) independently generated without reference to any proprietary or confidential Information of the other party.
(b) Each party agrees not to release or disclose, or permit to be released or disclosed, any such Information to any other Person, except its directors, officers, employees, agents,
accountants, counsel and other advisors and representatives who need to know such Information (who shall be advised of their obligations hereunder with respect to such Information), except in compliance with Section 7.9. Without limiting the
foregoing, when any Information is no longer needed for the purposes contemplated by this Agreement, any Ancillary Agreement or the Tax Indemnification Agreement, each party shall promptly after request of any other party either return to the other
party all Information in a tangible form (including all copies thereof and all notes, extracts or summaries based thereon) or certify to the other party that it has destroyed such Information (and such copies thereof and such notes, extracts or
summaries based thereon).
(c) The terms and conditions of this Section 7.8 shall not apply to any
Confidential Information (as defined in the Technology Transfer Agreements), which instead shall be subject to the confidentiality and other provisions of the Technology Transfer Agreements.
7.9.
Protective Arrangements
. If any party or any member of its Group either determines on the advice of its counsel that it is
required to disclose any Information pursuant to applicable law or receives any demand under lawful process or from any Governmental Authority to disclose or provide Information of any other party (or any member of any other partys Group) that
is subject to the confidentiality provisions hereof, such party shall notify the other party prior to disclosing or providing such Information and shall cooperate at the expense of the requesting party in seeking any reasonable protective
arrangements requested by such other party. Subject to the foregoing, the Person that received such request may thereafter disclose or provide Information to the extent required by such law (as so advised by counsel) or by lawful process or such
Governmental Authority.
7.10.
Reimbursement
. Except to the extent
otherwise contemplated by any Ancillary Agreement, a party providing information to the other party under this Article VII shall be entitled to receive from the recipient of such information, upon presentation of invoices thereof, payments for such
amount relating to supplies, disbursements and other out-of-pocket expenses, as may be reasonably incurred in providing such information.
ARTICLE VIII
ARBITRATION; DISPUTE RESOLUTION
8.1.
Agreement to Arbitrate
. Except as otherwise specifically provided in any Ancillary
Agreement, the procedures for discussion, negotiation and arbitration set forth in this
34
Article VIII shall apply to all disputes, controversies or claims (whether sounding in contract, tort or otherwise) that may arise out of or
relate to, or arise under or in connection with this Agreement or any Ancillary Agreement, or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby (including all actions taken in furtherance of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby on or prior
to the date hereof), or the commercial or economic relationship of the parties relating hereto or thereto, between or among any member of the DSPGI Group and the Ceva, Inc. Group. Each party agrees on behalf of itself and each member of its
respective Group that the procedures set forth in this Article VIII shall be the sole and exclusive remedy in connection with any dispute, controversy or claim relating to any of the foregoing matters and irrevocably waives any right to commence any
Action in or before any Governmental Authority, except as expressly provided in Sections 8.7(b) and 8.8 and except to the extent provided under the United States Federal Arbitration Act in the case of judicial review of arbitration results or
awards. Each party on behalf of itself and each member of its respective Group irrevocably waives any right to any trial by jury with respect to any claim, controversy or dispute set forth in the first sentence of this Section 8.1.
8.2.
Escalation
.
(a) It is the intent of the parties to exercise their respective reasonable best efforts to resolve expeditiously any dispute, controversy or claim between or among them with respect to the
matters covered hereby that may arise from time to time on a mutually acceptable negotiated basis. In furtherance of the foregoing, any party involved in a dispute, controversy or claim may deliver a notice (an Escalation Notice)
demanding an in person meeting involving representatives of the parties at a senior level of management of the parties (or if the parties agree, of the appropriate strategic business unit or division within such entity). A copy of any such
Escalation Notice shall be given to the Chief Financial Officer, or like officer or official, of each party involved in the dispute, controversy or claim (which copy shall state that it is an Escalation Notice pursuant to this Agreement). Any
agenda, location or procedure for such discussions or negotiations between the parties may be established by the parties from time to time;
provided
,
however
, that the parties shall exercise their reasonable best efforts to meet within
thirty days of the Escalation Notice.
(b) The parties may, by mutual consent, retain a mediator to aid
the parties in their discussions and negotiations by informally providing advice to the parties. Any opinion expressed by the mediator shall be strictly advisory and shall not be binding on the parties, nor shall any opinion expressed by the
mediator be admissible in any arbitration proceedings. The mediator may be chosen from a list of mediators previously selected by the parties or by other agreement of the parties.
(c) Costs of the mediation shall be borne equally by the parties involved in the matter, except that each party shall be responsible for its own expenses.
Mediation is not a prerequisite to a demand for arbitration under Section 8.3.
8.3.
Demand for
Arbitration
.
(a) At any time after the first to occur of (i) the date of the meeting actually held
pursuant to the applicable Escalation Notice or (ii) in the event no such meeting occurs,
35
forty-five days after the delivery of an Escalation Notice, any party involved in the dispute, controversy or claim (regardless of whether such
party delivered the Escalation Notice) may, unless the Applicable Deadline has occurred, make a written demand (the Arbitration Demand Notice) that the dispute be resolved by binding arbitration, which Arbitration Demand Notice shall be
given to the parties to the dispute, controversy or claim in the manner set forth in Section 11.5. If party shall deliver an Arbitration Demand Notice to another party, such other party may itself deliver an Arbitration Demand Notice to such first
party with respect to any related dispute, controversy or claim with respect to which the Applicable Deadline has not passed without the requirement of delivering an Escalation Notice. No party may assert that the failure to resolve any matter
during any discussions or negotiations, the course of conduct during the discussions or negotiations or the failure to agree on a mutually acceptable time, agenda, location or procedures for the meeting, in each case, as contemplated by Section 8.2,
is a prerequisite to a demand for arbitration under Section 8.3.
(b) Except as may be expressly
provided in any Ancillary Agreement, any Arbitration Demand Notice may be given until one year and forty-five days after the later of the occurrence of the act or event giving rise to the underlying claim or the date on which such act or event was,
or should have been, in the exercise of reasonable due diligence, discovered by the party asserting the claim (as applicable and as it may in a particular case be specifically extended by the parties in writing, the Applicable Deadline).
Any discussions, negotiations or mediations between the parties pursuant to this Agreement or otherwise shall not toll the Applicable Deadline unless expressly agreed in writing by the parties. Each of the parties agrees on behalf of itself and each
member of its Group that if an Arbitration Demand Notice with respect to a dispute, controversy or claim is not given prior to the expiration of the Applicable Deadline, as between or among the parties and the members of their Groups, such dispute,
controversy or claim will be barred, notwithstanding any longer statute of limitations afforded by any applicable law. Subject to Sections 8.7(d) and 8.8, upon delivery of an Arbitration Demand Notice pursuant to Section 8.3(a) prior to the
Applicable Deadline, the dispute, controversy or claim shall be decided by a sole arbitrator in accordance with the rules set forth in this Article VIII.
8.4.
Arbitrators
.
(a) Within fifteen
days after a valid Arbitration Demand Notice is given, the parties involved in the dispute, controversy or claim referenced therein shall attempt to select a sole arbitrator satisfactory to all such parties.
(b) If such parties are not able jointly to select a sole arbitrator within such fifteen-day period, such parties shall each
appoint an arbitrator within thirty days after delivery of the Arbitration Demand Notice. If one party appoints an arbitrator within such time period and the other party or parties fail to appoint an arbitrator within such time period, the
arbitrator appointed by the one party shall be the sole arbitrator of the matter.
(c) If a sole
arbitrator is not selected pursuant to paragraph (a) or (b) above and, instead, two or more arbitrators are selected pursuant to paragraph (b) above, the arbitrators shall, within thirty days after the appointment of the later of them to be
appointed, select an additional arbitrator who shall act as the sole arbitrator of the dispute. After selection of such
36
sole arbitrator, the initial arbitrators shall have no further role with respect to the dispute. In the event that the arbitrators so appointed
do not, within thirty days after the appointment of the later of them to be appointed, agree on the selection of the sole arbitrator, any party involved in such dispute may apply to the American Arbitration Association to select the sole arbitrator,
which selection shall be made by such organization within thirty days after such application. Any arbitrator selected pursuant to this paragraph (c) shall be disinterested with respect to any of the parties and the matter and shall be reasonably
competent in the applicable subject matter.
(d) The sole arbitrator selected pursuant to paragraph
(a), (b) or (c) above shall set a time for the hearing of the matter which will commence no later than ninety days after the date of appointment of the sole arbitrator pursuant to paragraph (a), (b) or (c) above and which hearing will be no longer
than thirty days (unless in the judgment of the arbitrator the matter is unusually complex and sophisticated and thereby requires a longer time, in which event such hearing shall be no longer than ninety days). The final decision of such arbitrator
will be rendered in writing to the parties not later than sixty days after the last hearing date, unless otherwise agreed by the parties in writing.
(e) The place of any arbitration hereunder will be New York, New York, unless otherwise agreed by the parties.
8.5.
Hearings
. Within the time period specified in Section 8.4(d), the matter shall be presented to the arbitrator at a hearing by
means of written submissions of memoranda and verified witness statements and exhibits, filed simultaneously, and responses, if necessary in the judgment of the arbitrator or both the parties. If the arbitrator deems it to be essential to a fair
resolution of the dispute, live cross-examination or direct examination may be permitted, but is not generally contemplated to be necessary. The arbitrator shall actively manage the arbitration with a view to achieving a just, speedy and
cost-effective resolution of the dispute, claim or controversy. The arbitrator may, in his or her discretion, set time and other limits on the presentation of each partys case, its memoranda or other submissions, and refuse to receive any
proffered evidence, which the arbitrator, in his or her discretion, finds to be cumulative, unnecessary, irrelevant or of low probative nature. Except as otherwise set forth herein, any arbitration hereunder will be conducted in accordance with the
American Arbitration Association Commercial Rules then prevailing. Except as expressly set forth in Section 8.8(b), the decision of the arbitrator shall be final and binding on the parties, and judgment thereon may be had and shall be enforceable in
any court having jurisdiction over the parties. Arbitration awards will bear interest at an annual rate of the Prime Rate plus two percent per annum. To the extent that the provisions of this Agreement and the prevailing rules of the American
Arbitration Association conflict, the provisions of this Agreement shall govern.
8.6.
Discovery and
Certain Other Matters
.
(a) Any party involved in the applicable dispute may request limited
document production from the other party or parties of specific and expressly relevant documents, with the reasonable expenses of the producing party incurred in such production paid by the requesting party. Any such discovery (which rights to
documents shall be substantially less than document discovery rights prevailing under the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure) shall be conducted expeditiously and shall not cause the hearing provided for in Section 8.5 to be
37
adjourned except upon consent of all parties involved in the applicable dispute or upon an extraordinary showing of cause demonstrating that
such adjournment is necessary to permit discovery essential to a party to the proceeding. Depositions, interrogatories or other forms of discovery (other than the document production set forth above) shall not occur except by consent of the parties
involved in the applicable dispute. Disputes concerning the scope of document production and enforcement of the document production requests shall be determined by written agreement of the parties involved in the applicable dispute or, failing such
agreement, will be referred to the arbitrator for resolution. All discovery requests will be subject to the proprietary rights and rights of privilege of the parties, and the arbitrator will adopt procedures to protect such rights and to maintain
the confidential treatment of the arbitration proceedings (except as may be required by law). Subject to the foregoing, the arbitrator shall have the power to issue subpoenas to compel the production of documents relevant to the dispute, controversy
or claim.
(b) The arbitrator shall have full power and authority to determine issues of arbitrability
but shall otherwise be limited to interpreting or construing the applicable provisions of this Agreement or any Ancillary Agreement, and shall have no authority or power to limit, expand, alter, amend, modify, revoke or suspend any condition or
provision of this Agreement or any Ancillary Agreement; it being understood, however, that the arbitrator will have full authority to implement the provisions of this Agreement or any Ancillary Agreement, and to fashion appropriate remedies for
breaches of this Agreement (including interim or permanent injunctive relief);
provided
,
however
, that the arbitrator shall not have (i) any authority in excess of the authority a court having jurisdiction over the parties and the
controversy or dispute would have absent these arbitration provisions or (ii) any right or power to award punitive or multiple damages. It is the intention of the parties that in rendering a decision the arbitrator give effect to the applicable
provisions of this Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements and follow applicable law (it being understood and agreed that this sentence shall not give rise to a right of judicial review of the arbitrators award).
(c) If a party fails or refuses to appear at and participate in an arbitration hearing after due notice, the arbitrator may
hear and determine the controversy upon evidence produced by the appearing party.
(d) Arbitration
costs will be borne equally by each party involved in the matter, except that each party will be responsible for its own attorneys fees and other costs and expenses, including the costs of witnesses selected by such party.
8.7.
Certain Additional Matters
.
(a) Any arbitration award shall be a bare award limited to a holding for or against a party and shall be without findings as to facts, issues or conclusions of
law (including with respect to any matters relating to the validity or infringement of patents or patent applications) and shall be without a statement of the reasoning on which the award rests, but must be in adequate form so that a judgment of a
court may be entered thereupon. Judgment upon any arbitration award hereunder may be entered in any court having jurisdiction thereof.
(b) Prior to the time at which an arbitrator is appointed pursuant to Section 8.4, any party may seek one or more temporary restraining orders in a court of competent
38
jurisdiction if necessary in order to preserve and protect the status quo. Neither the request for, or grant or denial of, any such temporary
restraining order shall be deemed a waiver of the obligation to arbitrate as set forth herein and the arbitrator may dissolve, continue or modify any such order. Any such temporary restraining order shall remain in effect until the first to occur of
the expiration of the order in accordance with its terms or the dissolution thereof by the arbitrator.
(c) Except as required by law, the parties shall hold, and shall cause their respective officers, directors, employees, agents and other representatives to hold, the existence, content and result of mediation or
arbitration in confidence in accordance with the provisions of Article VIII and except as may be required in order to enforce any award. Each of the parties shall request that any mediator or arbitrator comply with such confidentiality requirement.
(d) If at any time the sole arbitrator shall fail to serve as an arbitrator for any reason, the
parties shall select a new arbitrator who shall be disinterested as to the parties and the matter in accordance with the procedures set forth herein for the selection of the initial arbitrator. The extent, if any, to which testimony previously given
shall be repeated or as to which the replacement arbitrator elects to rely on the stenographic record (if there is one) of such testimony shall be determined by the replacement arbitrator.
8.8.
Limited Court Actions
.
(a) Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, in the event that any party reasonably determines the amount in controversy in any dispute, controversy or claim (or any series of related disputes, controversies or
claims) under this Agreement or any Ancillary Agreement is, or is reasonably likely to be, in excess of $5 million, excluding any interest accrued thereon, and if such party desires to commence an Action in lieu of complying with the arbitration
provisions of this Article, such party shall so state in its Arbitration Demand Notice. If the other parties to the arbitration do not agree that the amount in controversy in such dispute, controversy or claim (or such series of related disputes,
controversies or claims) is, or is reasonably likely to be, in excess of $5 million, the arbitrator selected pursuant to Section 8.4 hereof shall decide whether the amount in controversy in such dispute, controversy or claim (or such series of
related disputes, controversies or claims) is, or is reasonably likely to be, in excess of $5 million. The arbitrator shall set a date that is no later than ten days after the date of his or her appointment for submissions by the parties with
respect to such issue. There shall not be any discovery in connection with such issue. The arbitrator shall render his or her decision on such issue within five days of such date so set by the arbitrator. If the arbitrator determines that the amount
in controversy in such dispute, controversy or claim (or such series of related disputes, controversies or claims) is or is reasonably likely to be in excess of $5 million, the provisions of Sections 8.4(d) and (e), 8.5, 8.6, 8.7 and 8.10 hereof
shall not apply and on or before (but, except as expressly set forth in Section 8.8(b), not after) the twentieth business day after the date of such decision, any party to the arbitration may elect, in lieu of arbitration, to commence an Action with
respect to such dispute, controversy or claim (or such series of related disputes, controversies or claims) in any court of competent jurisdiction. If the arbitrator does not so determine, the provisions of this Article (including with respect to
time periods) shall apply as if no determinations were sought or made pursuant to this Section 8.8(a).
39
(b) If an arbitration award in excess of $5 million is issued in any
arbitration proceeding commenced hereunder, any party may, within sixty days after the date of such award, submit the dispute, controversy or claim (or series of related disputes, controversies or claims) giving rise thereto to a court of competent
jurisdiction, regardless of whether such party or any other party sought to commence an Action in lieu of proceeding with arbitration in accordance with Section 8.8(a). In such event, the applicable court may elect to rely on the record developed in
the arbitration or, if it determines that it would be advisable in connection with the matter, allow the parties to seek additional discovery or to present additional evidence. Each party shall be entitled to present arguments to the court with
respect to whether any such additional discovery or evidence shall be permitted and with respect to all other matters relating to the applicable dispute, controversy or claim (or series of related disputes, controversies or claims).
8.9.
Continuity of Service and Performance
. Unless otherwise agreed in writing, the
parties will continue to provide service and honor all other commitments under this Agreement and each Ancillary Agreement during the course of dispute resolution pursuant to the provisions of this Article VIII with respect to all matters not
subject to such dispute, controversy or claim.
8.10.
Law Governing Arbitration
Procedures
. The interpretation of the provisions of this Article VIII, only insofar as they relate to the agreement to arbitrate and any procedures pursuant thereto, shall be governed by the Arbitration Act and other
applicable U.S. federal law. In all other respects, the interpretation of this Agreement shall be governed as set forth in Section 11.2.
ARTICLE IX
FURTHER ASSURANCES AND ADDITIONAL COVENANTS
9.1.
Further Assurances
.
(a) In addition to the actions specifically provided for elsewhere in this Agreement, each of the parties hereto shall use its commercially reasonable efforts, prior to, on and after the
Distribution Date, to take, or cause to be taken, all actions, and to do, or cause to be done, all things reasonably necessary, proper or advisable under applicable laws, regulations and agreements to consummate and make effective the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement, the Ancillary Agreements and the Tax Indemnification Agreement.
(b) Prior to the Distribution Date, if one or more of the parties identifies any commercial or other service that is needed to assure a smooth and orderly transition of the businesses in connection with the consummation of
the transactions contemplated hereby, and that is not otherwise governed by the provisions of this Agreement or any Ancillary Agreement, the parties will cooperate in determining whether there is a mutually acceptable arms-length basis on
which one or more of the other parties will provide such service.
40
ARTICLE X
TERMINATION
10.1.
Termination by Mutual Consent
. This Agreement may be terminated at any time after the termination of the Combination Agreement by the mutual consent of DSPGI and Ceva, Inc.
10.2.
Other Termination
. The obligations of the parties under Article III (including
the obligation to pursue or effect the Distribution) may be terminated by DSPGI if the Distribution Date shall not have occurred on or before December 31, 2002.
10.3.
Effect of Termination
. In the event of any termination of this Agreement prior to the Combination Effective Date, no party to this Agreement (or any of
its directors or officers) shall have any Liability or further obligation to any other party. In the event of any termination of this Agreement on or after the Combination Effective Date, only the provisions of Article III will terminate and the
other provisions of this Agreement, each Ancillary Agreement and the Tax Indemnification Agreement shall remain in full force and effect.
ARTICLE XI
MISCELLANEOUS
11.1.
Counterparts; Entire Agreement; Corporate Power
.
(a) This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same agreement, and shall become effective when one or more counterparts have
been signed by each of the parties and delivered to the other party.
(b) This Agreement, and the
Exhibits, Schedules and Appendices hereto contain the entire agreement between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof, supersede all previous agreements, negotiations, discussions, writings, understandings, commitments and
conversations with respect to such subject matter and there are no agreements or understandings between the parties other than those set forth or referred to herein or therein.
(c) DSPGI represents on behalf of itself and each other member of the DSPGI Group and Ceva, Inc. represents on behalf of itself and each other member of the
Ceva, Inc. Group as follows:
(i) each such Person has the requisite corporate or other
power and authority and has taken all corporate or other action necessary in order to execute, deliver and perform each of this Agreement, each of the Ancillary Agreements and the Tax Indemnification Agreement to which it is a party and to
consummate the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby; and
(ii) this Agreement,
each Ancillary Agreement and the Tax Indemnification Agreement to which it is a party has been duly executed and delivered by it and constitutes a valid and binding agreement of it enforceable in accordance with the terms thereof.
41
11.2.
Governing Law
. This Agreement
shall be governed by and construed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware (other than as to its laws of arbitration which shall be governed under the Arbitration Act or other applicable federal law pursuant to Section
8.10), irrespective of the choice of laws principles of the State of Delaware, as to all matters, including matters of validity, construction, effect, enforceability, performance and remedies.
11.3.
Assignability
. Except as set forth in any Ancillary Agreement or the Tax Indemnification Agreement, this Agreement, each
Ancillary Agreement and the Tax Indemnification Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and thereto, respectively, and their respective successors and assigns; provided, however, that no party hereto or thereto
may assign its respective rights or delegate its respective obligations under this Agreement, any Ancillary Agreement or the Tax Indemnification Agreement without the express prior written consent of the other parties hereto or thereto.
11.4.
Third Party Beneficiaries
. Except for the indemnification rights
under this Agreement of any DSPGI Indemnitee or Ceva, Inc. Indemnitee in their respective capacities as such, (i) the provisions of this Agreement, each Ancillary Agreement and the Tax Indemnification Agreement are solely for the benefit of the
parties and are not intended to confer upon any Person except the parties any rights or remedies hereunder, and (ii) there are no third party beneficiaries of this Agreement, any Ancillary Agreement or the Tax Indemnification Agreement and none of
this Agreement, any Ancillary Agreement or the Tax Indemnification Agreement shall provide any third person with any remedy, claim, liability, reimbursement, claim of action or other right in excess of those existing without reference to this
Agreement, any Ancillary Agreement or the Tax Indemnification Agreement. No party hereto shall have any right, remedy or claim with respect to any provision of this Agreement, any Ancillary Agreement or the Tax Indemnification Agreement to the
extent such provision relates solely to the other two parties hereto or the members of such other two parties respective Groups.
11.5
. Notices
. All notices requests, demands, waivers and other communications under this Agreement, any Ancillary Agreement or the Tax Indemnification Agreement shall be in writing
and shall be deemed to have been duly given if delivered personally or by facsimile transmission or mailed (certified or registered mail, postage prepaid, return receipt requested):
If to DSPGI:
|
|
DSP Group, Inc.
Attention:
Fax
No.:
|
|
|
If to Ceva, Inc.:
|
|
Ceva, Inc.
Attention:
Fax
No.:
|
|
|
42
or to such other person or address as any party shall specify by notice in writing to the other party.
All such notices, requests, demands, waivers and communications shall be deemed to have been received on the date on which hand delivered, upon transmission of the facsimile transmission by the sender and issuance by the transmitting machine of a
confirmation slip confirming that the number of pages constituting the notice have been transmitted without error, or on the third business day following the date on which so mailed, except for a notice of change of address, which shall be effective
only upon receipt thereof. In the case of a notice sent by facsimile transmission, the sender shall contemporaneously mail a copy of the notice to the addressee at the address provided for above. However, such mailing shall in no way alter the time
at which the facsimile notice is deemed received. In no event shall the provision of notice pursuant to this Section 11.5 constitute notice for service of process.
11.6.
Severability
. If any provision of this Agreement, any Ancillary Agreement or the Tax Indemnification Agreement or the
application thereof to any Person or circumstance is determined by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, void or unenforceable, the remaining provisions hereof or thereof, or the application of such provision to Persons or circumstances
or in jurisdictions other than those as to which it has been held invalid or unenforceable, shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated thereby, so long as the economic or legal substance of the
transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, as the case may be, is not affected in any manner adverse to any party. Upon such determination, the parties shall negotiate in good faith in an effort to agree upon such a suitable and equitable
provision to effect the original intent of the parties.
11.7.
Force
Majeure
. No party shall be deemed in default of this Agreement, any Ancillary Agreement or the Tax Indemnification Agreement to the extent that any delay or failure in the performance of its obligations under this
Agreement, any Ancillary Agreement or the Tax Indemnification Agreement results from any cause beyond its reasonable control and without its fault or negligence, such as acts of God, acts of civil or military authority, embargoes, epidemics, war,
riots, insurrections, fires, explosions, earthquakes, floods, unusually severe weather conditions, labor problems or unavailability of parts, or, in the case of computer systems, any failure in electrical or air conditioning equipment. In the event
of any such excused delay, the time for performance shall be extended for a period equal to the time lost by reason of the delay.
11.8.
Publicity
. Prior to the Distribution, each of Ceva, Inc. and DSPGI shall consult with each other prior to issuing any press releases or otherwise making public statements with respect to
the Separation and the Distribution or any of the other transactions contemplated hereby and prior to making any filings with any Governmental Authority with respect thereto.
11.9.
Expenses
. Except as expressly set forth in this Agreement (including Section 3.1(h) hereof) or in any Ancillary Agreement or
in the Tax Indemnification Agreement, whether or not the Distribution is consummated, each party hereto shall bear its own respective third party fees, costs and expenses paid or incurred in connection with the Distribution.
11.10.
Headings
. The article, section and paragraph headings in this Agreement and in the
Ancillary Agreements and the Tax Indemnification Agreement are for reference purposes
43
only and shall not affect in any way the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement, any Ancillary Agreement or the Tax Indemnification
Agreement.
11.11.
Waivers of Default
. Waiver by any party of any default
by the other party of any provision of this Agreement, any Ancillary Agreement or the Tax Indemnification Agreement shall not be deemed a waiver by the waiving party of any subsequent or other default, nor shall it prejudice the rights of the other
party.
11.12.
Specific Performance
. In the event of any actual or
threatened default in, or breach of, any of the terms, conditions and provisions of this Agreement, any Ancillary Agreement or the Tax Indemnification Agreement, the party or parties who are or are to be thereby aggrieved shall have the right to
specific performance and injunctive or other equitable relief of its rights under this Agreement, such Ancillary Agreement or the Tax Indemnification Agreement, in addition to any and all other rights and remedies at law or in equity, and all such
rights and remedies shall be cumulative. The parties agree that the remedies at law for any breach or threatened breach, including monetary damages, are inadequate compensation for any loss and that any defense in any action for specific performance
that a remedy at law would be adequate is waived. Any requirements for the securing or posting of any bond with such remedy are waived.
11.13.
Amendments
. No provisions of this Agreement, any Ancillary Agreement or the Tax Indemnification Agreement shall be deemed waived, amended, supplemented or modified by any party, unless
such waiver, amendment, supplement or modification is in writing and signed by the authorized representative of the party against whom it is sought to enforce such waiver, amendment, supplement or modification.
11.14.
Interpretation
. Words in the singular shall be held to include the plural and vice versa
and words of one gender shall be held to include the other genders as the context requires. The terms hereof, herein, and herewith and words of similar import shall, unless otherwise stated, be construed to refer
to this Agreement (or the applicable Ancillary Agreement or the Tax Indemnification Agreement) as a whole (including all of the Schedules, Exhibits and Appendices hereto and thereto) and not to any particular provision of this Agreement (or such
Ancillary Agreement or the Tax Indemnification Agreement). Article, Section, Exhibit, Schedule and Appendix references are to the Articles, Sections, Exhibits, Schedules and Appendices to this Agreement (or the applicable Ancillary Agreement) unless
otherwise specified. The word including and words of similar import when used in this Agreement (or the applicable Ancillary Agreement or the Tax Indemnification Agreement) shall mean including, without limitation, unless the
context otherwise requires or unless otherwise specified. The word or shall not be exclusive.
44
The parties have caused this Agreement to be executed by their duly authorized
representatives.
45
Exhibit 10.6
CEVA, INC.
(originally known as DSP CORES, INC. and formerly known as CORAGE,
INC.)
2000 STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN
(amended and restated on July 18, 2001)
1.
Purposes of the
Plan
. The purposes of this Stock Incentive Plan are to attract and retain the best available personnel, to provide additional incentive to Employees, Directors and Consultants and to promote the success of the Companys business.
2.
Definitions
. As used herein, the following definitions
shall apply:
(i)
Administrator
means the Board or any of the Committees
appointed to administer the Plan.
(ii)
Affiliate
and
Associate
shall have the respective meanings ascribed to such terms in Rule 12b-2 promulgated under the Exchange Act.
(iii)
Applicable Laws
means the legal requirements relating to the administration of stock incentive plans, if any, under applicable provisions of federal securities laws, state
corporate and securities laws, the Code, the rules of any applicable stock exchange or national market system, and the rules of any foreign jurisdiction applicable to Awards granted to residents therein.
(iv)
Assumed
means that (i) pursuant to a Corporate Transaction defined in Section 2(q)(i),
2(q)(ii) or 2(q)(iii) or a Related Entity Disposition, the contractual obligations represented by the Award are assumed by the successor entity or its Parent in connection with the Corporate Transaction or Related Entity Disposition or (ii) pursuant
to a Corporate Transaction defined in Section 2(q)(iv) or 2(q)(v), the Award is affirmed by the Company. The Award shall not be deemed Assumed for purposes of terminating the Award (in the case of a Corporate Transaction) and the
termination of the Continuous Service of the Grantee (in the case of a Related Entity Disposition) if pursuant to a Corporate Transaction or a Related Entity Disposition the Award is replaced with a comparable award with respect to shares of capital
stock of the successor entity of its Parent. However, for purposes of determining whether the vesting of the Award accelerates, the Award shall be deemed Assumed if the Award is replaced with such a comparable stock award or the Award is
replaced with a cash incentive program of the successor entity or Parent thereof which preserves the compensation element of such Award existing at the time of the Corporate Transaction or Related Entity Disposition and provides for subsequent
payout in accordance with the same vesting schedule applicable to such Award. The determination of Award comparability shall be made by the Administrator and its determination shall be final, binding and conclusive.
(v)
Award
means the grant of an Option, Restricted Stock, or other right or benefit under the
Plan.
(vi)
Award Agreement
means the written agreement evidencing the
grant of an Award executed by the Company and the Grantee, including any amendments thereto.
(vii)
Board
means the Board of Directors of the Company.
(viii)
Cause
means, with respect to the termination by the Company, DSP Group, Inc. or a Related Entity of the Grantees Continuous Service, that such termination is for
Cause as such term is expressly defined in a then-effective written agreement between the Grantee and the Company, DSP Group, Inc. or such Related Entity, or in the absence of such then-effective written agreement and definition, is
based on, in the determination of the Administrator, the Grantees: (i) performance of any act or failure to perform any act in bad faith and to the detriment of the Company, DSP Group, Inc. or a Related Entity; (ii) dishonesty,
intentional misconduct or material breach of any agreement with the Company, DSP Group, Inc. or a Related Entity; or (iii) commission of a crime involving dishonesty, breach of trust, or physical or emotional harm to any person.
(ix)
Change in Control
means a change
in ownership or control of the Company after the Registration Date effected through either of the following transactions other than any such transaction also constituting the Separation:
(a) the direct or indirect acquisition by any person or related group of persons (other than an acquisition from or by the Company or by a
Company-sponsored employee benefit plan or by a person that directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, the Company) of beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 of the Exchange Act) of securities
possessing more than fifty percent (50%) of the total combined voting power of the Companys outstanding securities pursuant to a tender or exchange offer made directly to the Companys stockholders which a majority of the Continuing
Directors who are not Affiliates or Associates of the offeror do not recommend such stockholders accept, or
(b) a change in the composition of the Board over a period of thirty-six (36) months or less such that a majority of the Board members ceases, by reason of one or more contested elections for Board membership,
to be comprised of individuals who are Continuing Directors.
(x)
Code
means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
(xi)
Committee
means any committee appointed by the Board to administer the Plan.
(xii)
Common
Stock
means the common stock of the Company.
(xiii)
Company
means Ceva, Inc., a Delaware corporation.
(xiv)
Consultant
means any
person (other than an Employee or a Director, solely with respect to rendering services in such persons capacity as a Director) who is engaged by the Company, DSP Group, Inc. or any Related Entity to render consulting or advisory services to
the Company, DSP Group, Inc. or such Related Entity.
(xv)
Continuing
Directors
means members of the Board who either (i) have been Board members continuously for a period of at least thirty-six (36) months or (ii) have been Board members for less than thirty-six (36) months and were elected or nominated for
election as Board members by at least a majority of the Board members described in clause (i) who were still in office at the time such election or nomination was approved by the Board.
(xvi)
Continuous Service
means that the provision of services to the Company, DSP Group, Inc. or a Related Entity in any capacity
of Employee, Director or Consultant, is not interrupted or terminated. Continuous Service shall not be considered interrupted in the case of (i) any approved leave of absence, (ii) transfers among the Company, DSP Group, Inc. any Related Entity, or
any successor, in any capacity of Employee, Director or Consultant, or (iii) any change in status as long as the individual remains in the service of the Company, DSP Group, Inc. or a Related Entity in any capacity of Employee, Director or
Consultant (except as otherwise provided in the Award Agreement). An approved leave of absence shall include sick leave, military leave, or any other authorized personal leave. For purposes of each Incentive Stock Option granted under the Plan, if
such leave exceeds ninety (90) days, and reemployment upon expiration of such leave is not guaranteed by statute or contract, then the Incentive Stock Option shall be treated as a Non-Qualified Stock Option on the day three (3) months and one (1)
day following the expiration of such ninety (90) day period.
(xvii)
Corporate
Transaction
means any of the following transactions other than any such transaction also constituting the Separation:
(a) a merger or consolidation in which the Company is not the surviving entity, except for a transaction the principal purpose of which is to change the state in which the Company is incorporated;
(b) the sale, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company
(including the capital stock of the Companys subsidiary corporations);
2
(c) the complete liquidation or dissolution of the Company;
(d) any reverse merger in which the Company is the surviving entity but in which securities possessing more than fifty percent
(50%) of the total combined voting power of the Companys outstanding securities are transferred to a person or persons different from those who held such securities immediately prior to such merger; or
(e) acquisition by any person or related group of persons (other than the Company or by a Company-sponsored
employee benefit plan) of beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 of the Exchange Act) of securities possessing more than fifty percent (50%) of the total combined voting power of the Companys outstanding securities (whether or
not in a transaction also constituting a Change in Control), but excluding any such transaction that the Administrator determines shall not be a Corporate Transaction.
(xviii)
Covered Employee
means an Employee who is a covered employee under Section 162(m)(3) of the Code.
(xix)
Director
means a member of the Board or the board of directors of
DSP Group, Inc. or any Related Entity.
(xx)
Disability
has the meaning
given under the long-term disability policy of the Company, DSP Group, Inc. or the Related Entity to which the Grantee provides services regardless of whether the Grantee is covered by such policy. If the Company, DSP Group, Inc. or the Related
Entity to which the Grantee provides service does not have a long-term disability plan in place, Disability means that a Grantee is unable to carry out the responsibilities and functions of the position held by the Grantee by reason of
any medically determinable physical or mental impairment. A Grantee will not be considered to have incurred a Disability unless he or she furnishes proof of such impairment sufficient to satisfy the Administrator in its discretion.
(xxi)
Employee
means any person, including an Officer or Director, who is in the
employ of the Company, DSP Group, Inc. or any Related Entity, subject to the control and direction of the Company, DSP Group, Inc. or any Related Entity as to both the work to be performed and the manner and method of performance. The payment of a
directors fee by the Company, DSP Group, Inc. or a Related Entity shall not be sufficient to constitute employment by the Company.
(xxii)
Exchange Act
means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
(xxiii)
Fair Market Value
means, as of any date, the value of Common Stock determined as follows:
(a) Where there exists a public market for the Common Stock, the Fair Market Value shall be (A) the closing
price for a Share on the date of the determination (or, if no closing price was reported on that date, on the last trading date on which a closing price was reported) on the stock exchange determined by the Administrator to be the primary market for
the Common Stock or the Nasdaq National Market, whichever is applicable or (B) if the Common Stock is not traded on any such exchange or national market system, the average of the closing bid and asked prices of a Share on the Nasdaq Small Cap
Market on the date of the determination (or, if no such prices were reported on that date, on the last date on which such prices were reported), in each case, as reported in
The Wall Street Journal
or such other source as the Administrator
deems reliable; or
(b) In the absence of an established market for the Common Stock of
the type described in (i), above, the Fair Market Value thereof shall be determined by the Administrator in good faith.
(xxiv)
Grantee
means an Employee, Director or Consultant who receives an Award under the Plan.
(xxv)
Immediate Family
means any child, stepchild, grandchild, parent, stepparent, grandparent, spouse, former spouse, sibling, niece, nephew, mother-in-law,
father-in-law, son-in law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law, or sister-in-law, including adoptive relationships, any person sharing the Grantees household (other than a tenant or employee), a trust in which these persons (or the Grantee) have
more than fifty percent (50%) of the beneficial interest, a foundation in which these persons (or the Grantee) control the management of assets, and any other entity in which these persons (or the Grantee) own more than fifty percent (50%) of the
voting interests.
3
(xxvi)
Incentive Stock Option
means an
Option intended to qualify as an incentive stock option within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code
(xxvii)
Non-Qualified Stock Option
means an Option not intended to qualify as an Incentive Stock Option.
(xxviii)
Officer
means a person who is an officer of the Company, DSP Group, Inc. or a Related Entity within the meaning of
Section 16 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
(xxix)
Option
means an option to purchase Shares pursuant to an Award Agreement granted under the Plan.
(xxx)
Parent
means a parent corporation, whether now or hereafter existing, as defined in Section 424(e) of the Code.
(xxxi)
Performance-Based Compensation
means compensation qualifying as performance-based
compensation under Section 162(m) of the Code.
(xxxii)
Plan
means
this 2000 Stock Incentive Plan.
(xxxiii)
Registration Date
means the
first to occur of (i) the closing of the first sale to the general public pursuant to a registration statement filed with and declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, of (A) the
Common Stock or (B) the same class of securities of a successor corporation (or its Parent) issued pursuant to a Corporate Transaction in exchange for or in substitution of the Common Stock; and (ii) in the event of a Corporate Transaction, the date
of the consummation of the Corporate Transaction if the same class of securities of the successor corporation (or its Parent) issuable in such Corporate Transaction shall have been sold to the general public pursuant to a registration statement
filed with and declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, on or prior to the date of consummation of such Corporate Transaction.
(xxxiv)
Related Entity
means any Parent or Subsidiary of the Company and any business, corporation, partnership, limited
liability company or other entity in which the Company, a Parent or a Subsidiary of the Company holds a substantial ownership interest, directly or indirectly.
(xxxv)
Related Entity Disposition
means the sale, distribution or other disposition by the Company or a Parent or a Subsidiary of the Company of all or
substantially all of the interests of the Company or a Parent or a Subsidiary of the Company in any Related Entity effected by a sale, merger or consolidation or other transaction involving that Related Entity or the sale of all or substantially all
of the assets of that Related Entity, other than any Related Entity Disposition to the Company or a Parent or a Subsidiary of the Company.
(xxxvi)
Restricted Stock
means Shares issued under the Plan to the Grantee for such consideration, if any, and subject to such restrictions on transfer, rights of first refusal,
repurchase provisions, forfeiture provisions, and other terms and conditions as established by the Administrator.
(xxxvii)
Rule 16b-3
means Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act or any successor thereto.
(xxxviii)
Separation
means the distribution of all or substantially all of the shares of capital stock of the Company held by DSP Group, Inc. to the
stockholders of DSP Group, Inc.
(xxxix)
Share
means a share of the
Common Stock.
(xl)
Spin-off Transaction
means a distribution by the
Company to its stockholders of all or any portion of the securities of any Subsidiary of the Company.
(xli)
Subsidiary
means a subsidiary corporation, whether now or hereafter existing, as defined in Section 424(f) of the Code.
4
3.
Stock Subject to the Plan
.
(i) Subject to the provisions of Section 10 below, the maximum aggregate number of Shares which may be issued pursuant to all Awards (including
Incentive Stock Options) is 6,000,000 Shares (all share numbers in this Plan reflect the adjustments from actions taken in connection with the spin-off of Ceva from DSP Group, Inc.). The Shares may be authorized, but unissued, or reacquired Common
Stock.
(ii) Any Shares covered by an Award (or portion of an Award) which is forfeited or
canceled, expires or is settled in cash, shall be deemed not to have been issued for purposes of determining the maximum aggregate number of Shares which may be issued under the Plan. Shares that actually have been issued under the Plan pursuant to
an Award shall not be returned to the Plan and shall not become available for future issuance under the Plan, except that if unvested Shares are forfeited, or repurchased by the Company at their original purchase price, such Shares shall become
available for future grant under the Plan.
4.
Administration of the Plan
.
(i)
Plan Administrator.
(a)
Administration with Respect to Directors and Officers
. On or after the Registration Date, with respect to grants
of Awards to Directors or Employees who are also Officers or Directors, the Plan shall be administered by (A) the Board or (B) a Committee designated by the Board, which Committee shall be constituted in such a manner as to satisfy the Applicable
Laws and to permit such grants and related transactions under the Plan to be exempt from Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act in accordance with Rule 16b-3. Once appointed, such Committee shall continue to serve in its designated capacity until
otherwise directed by the Board. Prior to the Registration Date, with respect to grants of Awards to Directors or Employees who are also Officers or Directors, the Plan shall be administered by (A) the Board or (B) a Committee designated by the
Board, which Committee shall be constituted in such a manner as to satisfy the Applicable Laws.
(b)
Administration With Respect to Consultants and Other Employees
. With respect to grants of Awards to Employees or Consultants who are neither Directors nor Officers, the Plan
shall be administered by (A) the Board or (B) a Committee designated by the Board, which Committee shall be constituted in such a manner as to satisfy the Applicable Laws. Once appointed, such Committee shall continue to serve in its designated
capacity until otherwise directed by the Board.
(c)
Administration With Respect to
Covered Employees
. Notwithstanding the foregoing, as of and after the date that the exemption for the Plan under Section 162(m) of the Code expires, as set forth in Section 18 herein, grants of Awards to any Covered
Employee intended to qualify as Performance-Based Compensation shall be made only by a Committee (or subcommittee of a Committee) which is comprised solely of two or more Directors eligible to serve on a committee making Awards qualifying as
Performance-Based Compensation. In the case of such Awards granted to Covered Employees, references to the Administrator or to a Committee shall be deemed to be references to such Committee or subcommittee.
(d)
Officer Authorization to Grant Awards
. The Board may authorize one or
more Officers to grant Awards subject to such limitations as the Board determines from time to time.
(ii)
Multiple Administrative Bodies
. The Plan may be administered by different bodies with respect to Directors, Officers, Consultants, and Employees who are neither Directors nor
Officers.
(iii)
Powers of the Administrator
. Subject to
Applicable Laws and the provisions of the Plan (including any other powers given to the Administrator hereunder), and except as otherwise provided by the Board, the Administrator shall have the authority, in its discretion:
(a) to select the Employees, Directors and Consultants to whom Awards may be granted from time to time hereunder;
5
(b) to determine whether and to what extent Awards are
granted hereunder;
(c) to determine the number of Shares or the amount of other
consideration to be covered by each Award granted hereunder;
(d) to approve forms of
Award Agreements for use under the Plan;
(e) to determine the terms and conditions of any
Award granted hereunder;
(f) to establish additional terms, conditions, rules or
procedures to accommodate the rules or laws of applicable foreign jurisdictions and to afford Grantees favorable treatment under such rules or laws; provided, however, that no Award shall be granted under any such additional terms, conditions, rules
or procedures with terms or conditions which are inconsistent with the provisions of the Plan;
(g) to amend the terms of any outstanding Award granted under the Plan, provided that any amendment that would adversely affect the Grantees rights under an outstanding Award shall not be made without the
Grantees written consent;
(h) to construe and interpret the terms of the Plan and
Awards, including without limitation, any notice of award or Award Agreement, granted pursuant to the Plan; and
(i) to take such other action, not inconsistent with the terms of the Plan, as the Administrator deems appropriate.
5.
Eligibility
. Awards other than Incentive Stock Options may be granted to Employees, Directors and Consultants. Incentive Stock Options may be
granted only to Employees of the Company or a Parent or a Subsidiary of the Company. An Employee, Director or Consultant who has been granted an Award may, if otherwise eligible, be granted additional Awards. Awards may be granted to such Employees,
Directors or Consultants who are residing in foreign jurisdictions as the Administrator may determine from time to time.
6.
Terms and Conditions of Awards
.
(i)
Type of Awards
. The Administrator is authorized under the Plan to award any type of arrangement to an Employee, Director or Consultant that is not inconsistent with the
provisions of the Plan and that by its terms involves or might involve the issuance of (i) Shares, (ii) an Option, or similar right with a fixed or variable price related to the Fair Market Value of the Shares and with an exercise or conversion
privilege related to the passage of time, the occurrence of one or more events, or the satisfaction of performance criteria or other conditions, or (iii) any other security with the value derived from the value of the Shares. Such awards include,
without limitation, Options, or sales or bonuses of Restricted Stock, and an Award may consist of one such security or benefit, or two (2) or more of them in any combination or alternative.
(ii)
Designation of Award
. Each Award shall be designated in the Award Agreement. In the case of an Option, the Option
shall be designated as either an Incentive Stock Option or a Non-Qualified Stock Option. However, notwithstanding such designation, to the extent that the aggregate Fair Market Value of Shares subject to Options designated as Incentive Stock Options
which become exercisable for the first time by a Grantee during any calendar year (under all plans of the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary) exceeds $100,000, such excess Options, to the extent of the Shares covered thereby in excess of the
foregoing limitation, shall be treated as Non-Qualified Stock Options. For this purpose, Incentive Stock Options shall be taken into account in the order in which they were granted, and the Fair Market Value of the Shares shall be determined as of
the grant date of the relevant Option.
6
(iii)
Conditions of
Award
. Subject to the terms of the Plan, the Administrator shall determine the provisions, terms, and conditions of each Award including, but not limited to, the Award vesting schedule, repurchase provisions, rights of
first refusal, forfeiture provisions, form of payment (cash, Shares, or other consideration) upon settlement of the Award, payment contingencies, and satisfaction of any performance criteria. The performance criteria established by the Administrator
may be based on any one of, or combination of, increase in share price, earnings per share, total stockholder return, return on equity, return on assets, return on investment, net operating income, cash flow, revenue, economic value added, personal
management objectives, or other measure of performance selected by the Administrator. Partial achievement of the specified criteria may result in a payment or vesting corresponding to the degree of achievement as specified in the Award Agreement.
(iv)
Acquisitions and Other Transactions
. The Administrator
may issue Awards under the Plan in settlement, assumption or substitution for, outstanding awards or obligations to grant future awards in connection with the Company or a Related Entity acquiring another entity, an interest in another entity or an
additional interest in a Related Entity whether by merger, stock purchase, asset purchase or other form of transaction.
(v)
Separate Programs
. The Administrator may establish one or more separate programs under the Plan for the purpose of issuing particular forms of Awards to one or more classes of
Grantees on such terms and conditions as determined by the Administrator from time to time.
(vi)
Individual Option Limit
. Following the date that the exemption from application of Section 162(m) of the Code described in Section 18 (or any exemption having similar effect)
ceases to apply to Awards, the maximum number of Shares with respect to which Options may be granted to any Grantee in any fiscal year of the Company shall be eight hundred thousand (800,000) Shares. In connection with a Grantees commencement
of Continuous Service, a Grantee may be granted Options for up to an additional eight hundred thousand (800,000) Shares which shall not count against the limit set forth in the previous sentence. The foregoing limitations shall be adjusted
proportionately in connection with any change in the Companys capitalization pursuant to Section 10, below. To the extent required by Section 162(m) of the Code or the regulations thereunder, in applying the foregoing limitations with respect
to a Grantee, if any Option is canceled, the canceled Option shall continue to count against the maximum number of Shares with respect to which Options may be granted to the Grantee. For this purpose, the repricing of an Option shall be treated as
the cancellation of the existing Option and the grant of a new Option.
(vii)
Early
Exercise
. The Award Agreement may, but need not, include a provision whereby the Grantee may elect at any time while an Employee, Director or Consultant to exercise any part or all of the Award prior to full vesting of the
Award. Any unvested Shares received pursuant to such exercise may be subject to a repurchase right in favor of the Company or a Related Entity or to any other restriction the Administrator determines to be appropriate.
(viii)
Term of Award
. The term of each Award shall be the term stated in the Award
Agreement, provided, however, that the term of an Incentive Stock Option shall be no more than ten (10) years from the date of grant thereof. However, in the case of an Incentive Stock Option granted to a Grantee who, at the time the Option is
granted, owns stock representing more than ten percent (10%) of the voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary, the term of the Incentive Stock Option shall be five (5) years from the date of grant thereof or
such shorter term as may be provided in the Award Agreement.
(ix)
Transferability of
Awards
. Incentive Stock Options may not be sold, pledged, assigned, hypothecated, transferred, or disposed of in any manner other than by will or by the laws of descent or distribution and may be exercised, during the
lifetime of the Grantee, only by the Grantee; provided, however, that the Grantee may designate a beneficiary of the Grantees Incentive Stock Option in the event of the Grantees death on a beneficiary designation form provided by the
Administrator. Other Awards shall be transferred by will and by the laws of descent and distribution, and during the lifetime of the Grantee, by gift and or pursuant to a domestic relations order to members of the Grantees Immediate Family to
the extent and in the manner determined by the Administrator.
7
(x)
Time of Granting
Awards
. The date of grant of an Award shall for all purposes be the date on which the Administrator makes the determination to grant such Award, or such other date as is determined by the Administrator. Notice of the grant
determination shall be given to each Employee, Director or Consultant to whom an Award is so granted within a reasonable time after the date of such grant.
7.
Award Exercise or Purchase Price, Consideration and Taxes
.
(i)
Exercise or Purchase Price
. The exercise or purchase price, if any, for an Award shall be as follows:
(a) In the case of an Incentive Stock Option:
(1) granted to an Employee who, at the time of the grant of such Incentive Stock Option owns stock representing more than ten percent (10%) of the
voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary, the per Share exercise price shall be not less than one hundred ten percent (110%) of the Fair Market Value per Share on the date of grant; or
(2) granted to any Employee other than an Employee described in the preceding paragraph, the per Share exercise
price shall be not less than one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value per Share on the date of grant.
(b) In the case of a Non-Qualified Stock Option, the per Share exercise price shall be not less than one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value per Share on the date of grant.
(c) In the case of Awards intended to qualify as Performance-Based Compensation, the exercise or purchase price, if
any, shall be not less than one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value per Share on the date of grant.
(d) In the case of other Awards, such price as is determined by the Administrator.
(e) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 7(a), in the case of an Award issued pursuant to Section 6(d), above, the exercise or purchase price for the Award shall be determined in accordance
with the principles of Section 424(a) of the Code.
(ii)
Consideration
. Subject to Applicable Laws, the consideration to be paid for the Shares to be issued upon exercise or purchase of an Award including the method of payment,
shall be determined by the Administrator (and, in the case of an Incentive Stock Option, shall be determined at the time of grant). In addition to any other types of consideration the Administrator may determine, the Administrator is authorized to
accept as consideration for Shares issued under the Plan the following, provided that the portion of the consideration equal to the par value of the Shares must be paid in cash or other legal consideration permitted by the Delaware General
Corporation Law:
(a) cash;
(b) check;
(c) delivery of Grantees promissory note with such recourse, interest, security, and redemption provisions as the Administrator determines as appropriate ;
(d) if the exercise or purchase occurs on or after the Registration Date, surrender of Shares or delivery of a
properly executed form of attestation of ownership of Shares as the Administrator may require (including withholding of Shares otherwise deliverable upon exercise of the Award) which have a Fair Market Value on the date of surrender or attestation
equal to the aggregate exercise price of the Shares as to which said Award shall be exercised (but only to the extent that such exercise of the Award would not result in an accounting compensation charge with respect to the Shares used to pay the
exercise price unless otherwise determined by the Administrator);
(e) with respect to Options, if the exercise
occurs on or after the Registration Date, payment through a broker-dealer sale and remittance procedure pursuant to which the Grantee (A) shall provide written instructions
8
to a Company designated brokerage firm to effect the immediate sale of some or all of the purchased Shares and remit to the Company, out of the sale proceeds available on the settlement date,
sufficient funds to cover the aggregate exercise price payable for the purchased Shares and (B) shall provide written directives to the Company to deliver the certificates for the purchased Shares directly to such brokerage firm in order to complete
the sale transaction; or
(f) any combination of the foregoing methods of payment.
(iii)
Taxes
. No Shares shall be delivered under the Plan to
any Grantee or other person until such Grantee or other person has made arrangements acceptable to the Administrator for the satisfaction of any foreign, federal, state, or local income and employment tax withholding obligations, including, without
limitation, obligations incident to the receipt of Shares or the disqualifying disposition of Shares received on exercise of an Incentive Stock Option. Upon exercise of an Award the Company shall withhold or collect from Grantee an amount sufficient
to satisfy such tax obligations.
8.
Exercise of Award
.
(i)
Procedure for Exercise; Rights as a Stockholder
.
(a) Any Award granted hereunder shall be exercisable at such times and under such conditions as determined by the Administrator under the terms
of the Plan and specified in the Award Agreement.
(b) An Award shall be deemed to be
exercised when written notice of such exercise has been given to the Company in accordance with the terms of the Award by the person entitled to exercise the Award and full payment for the Shares with respect to which the Award is exercised,
including, to the extent selected, use of the broker-dealer sale and remittance procedure to pay the purchase price as provided in Section 7(b)(v). Until the issuance (as evidenced by the appropriate entry on the books of the Company or of a duly
authorized transfer agent of the Company) of the stock certificate evidencing such Shares, no right to vote or receive dividends or any other rights as a stockholder shall exist with respect to Shares subject to an Award, notwithstanding the
exercise of an Option or other Award. The Company shall issue (or cause to be issued) such stock certificate promptly upon exercise of the Award. No adjustment will be made for a dividend or other right for which the record date is prior to the date
the stock certificate is issued, except as provided in the Award Agreement or Section 10, below.
(ii)
Exercise of Award Following Termination of Continuous Service
.
(a) An Award may not be exercised after the termination date of such Award set forth in the Award Agreement and may be exercised following the termination of a Grantees Continuous Service only to the
extent provided in the Award Agreement.
(b) Where the Award Agreement permits a Grantee to
exercise an Award following the termination of the Grantees Continuous Service for a specified period, the Award shall terminate to the extent not exercised on the last day of the specified period or the last day of the original term of the
Award, whichever occurs first.
9
(c) Any Award designated as an Incentive Stock Option to
the extent not exercised within the time permitted by law for the exercise of Incentive Stock Options following the termination of a Grantees Continuous Service shall convert automatically to a Non-Qualified Stock Option and thereafter shall
be exercisable as such to the extent exercisable by its terms for the period specified in the Award Agreement.
9.
Conditions Upon Issuance of Shares
.
(i) Shares shall not be issued pursuant to the exercise of an Award unless the exercise of such Award and the issuance and delivery of such Shares pursuant thereto shall comply with all Applicable Laws, and
shall be further subject to the approval of counsel for the Company with respect to such compliance.
(ii) As a condition to the exercise of an Award, the Company may require the person exercising such Award to represent and warrant at the time of any such exercise that the Shares are being purchased only for
investment and without any present intention to sell or distribute such Shares if, in the opinion of counsel for the Company, such a representation is required by any Applicable Laws.
10.
Adjustments Upon Changes in Capitalization
. Subject to any required action by the stockholders of the Company, the
number of Shares covered by each outstanding Award, and the number of Shares which have been authorized for issuance under the Plan but as to which no Awards have yet been granted or which have been returned to the Plan, the exercise or purchase
price of each such outstanding Award, the maximum number of Shares with respect to which Options may be granted to any Grantee in any fiscal year of the Company, as well as any other terms that the Administrator determines require adjustment shall
be proportionately adjusted for (i) any increase or decrease in the number of issued Shares resulting from a stock split, reverse stock split, stock dividend, combination or reclassification of the Shares, or similar transaction affecting the
Shares, (ii) any other increase or decrease in the number of issued Shares effected without receipt of consideration by the Company, or (iii) as the Administrator may determine in its discretion, any other transaction with respect to Common Stock to
which Section 424(a) of the Code applies or a similar transaction; provided, however that conversion of any convertible securities of the Company shall not be deemed to have been effected without receipt of consideration. Such adjustment
shall be made by the Administrator and its determination shall be final, binding and conclusive. Except as the Administrator determines, no issuance by the Company of shares of stock of any class, or securities convertible into shares of stock of
any class, shall affect, and no adjustment by reason hereof shall be made with respect to, the number or price of Shares subject to an Award. In the event of a Spin-off Transaction, the Committee may in its discretion make such adjustments and take
such other action as it deems appropriate with respect to outstanding Awards under the Plan, including but not limited to adjustments to the number and kind of shares, the price per share and the vesting periods of outstanding Awards or the
substitution, exchange or grant of Awards to purchase securities of the Subsidiary; provided that the Committee shall not be obligated to make any such adjustments or take any such action hereunder.
11.
Corporate Transactions/Changes in Control/Related Entity Dispositions/Buyouts
.
(i)
Termination of Award to Extent Not Assumed
(a)
Corporate Transaction
. Effective upon the consummation of a Corporate Transaction, all outstanding Awards under the
Plan shall terminate. However, all such Awards shall not terminate to the extent they are Assumed in connection with the Corporate Transaction.
(b)
Related Entity Disposition
. Effective upon the consummation of a Related Entity Disposition, for purposes of the Plan and all Awards, there
shall be a deemed termination of Continuous Service of each Grantee who is at the time engaged primarily in service to the Related Entity involved in such Related Entity Disposition and each Award of such Grantee which is at the time outstanding
under the Plan shall be exercisable in accordance with the terms of the Award Agreement evidencing such Award. However, such Continuous Service shall not be deemed to terminate as to the portion of any such award that is Assumed.
10
(ii)
Acceleration of Award Upon Corporate
Transaction/Change in Control/Related Entity Disposition
.
(a)
Corporate
Transaction
. Except as provided otherwise in an individual Award Agreement, in the event of a Corporate Transaction, for the portion of each Award that is not Assumed, such portion of the Award shall automatically become
fully vested and exercisable and be released from any repurchase or forfeiture rights (other than repurchase rights exercisable at fair market value) for all of the Shares at the time represented by such portion of the Award, immediately prior to
the specified effective date of such Corporate Transaction.
(b)
Change in
Control
. Except as provided otherwise in an individual Award Agreement, in the event of a Change in Control (other than a Change in Control which also is a Corporate Transaction), each Award which is at the time
outstanding under the Plan automatically shall become fully vested and exercisable and be released from any repurchase or forfeiture rights (other than repurchase rights exercisable at fair market value), immediately prior to the specified effective
date of such Change in Control, for all of the Shares at the time represented by such Award.
(c)
Related Entity Disposition
. Except as provided otherwise in an individual Award Agreement, effective upon the consummation of a Related Entity Disposition, for the portion of
each Award of a Grantee who is at the time engaged primarily in service to the Related Entity involved in such Related Entity Disposition that is not Assumed, such portion of the Award of such Grantee automatically shall become fully vested and
exercisable and be released from any repurchase or forfeiture rights (other than repurchase rights exercisable at fair market value) for all of the Shares at the time represented by such portion of the Award, immediately prior to the specified
effective date of such Related Entity Disposition.
(iii)
Buyouts
. Effective upon the date the Board determines not to proceed with the Separation or terminates the Plan prior to the Separation pursuant to Section 13, below, the
Company shall have the right exercisable at any time to (a) terminate all Awards outstanding under the Plan in exchange for a payment to each Grantee whose Continuous Service has not terminated and who holds a partially or fully vested Award as of
the date the Company exercises this right an amount in cash (or property equal in value to such amount as determined by the Board) equal to the difference in the aggregate exercise price of the vested Shares subject to the Grantees Award and
the Fair Market Value of such vested Shares (as determined by the Board) as of the date of such exercise by the Company or (b) terminate all Awards outstanding under the Plan and replace each Award with a comparable Award with respect to shares of
capital stock of DSP Group, Inc. or any of its affiliates or with a cash incentive program of DSP Group, Inc. or any of its affiliates which reasonably preserves the compensation element of such Award existing at the time of the termination of the
Plan and provides for subsequent payout in accordance with a reasonably comparable vesting schedule applicable to such Award; provided, however, that if the aggregate exercise price of the vested Shares subject to the Grantees Award is greater
than the Fair Market Value of such vested Shares as of the date of such exercise of its right by the Company, the Award shall terminate and the Company shall have no obligation to make any payment or provide a replacement award to such Grantee. All
Awards held by a Grantee whose Continuous Service terminated for any reason prior to the Companys exercise of its right under this Section 11(iii) shall terminate automatically upon the Companys exercise of such right and the Company
shall have no obligation to make any payment to such Grantee.
(iv)
Effect of
Acceleration on Incentive Stock Options
. The portion of any Incentive Stock Option accelerated under this Section 11 in connection with a Corporate Transaction, Change in Control or Related Entity Disposition shall remain
exercisable as an Incentive Stock Option under the Code only to the extent the $100,000 dollar limitation of Section 422(d) of the Code is not exceeded. To the extent such dollar limitation is exceeded, the accelerated excess portion of such Option
shall be exercisable as a Non-Qualified Stock Option.
12.
Effective Date and Term of
Plan
. The Plan shall become effective upon the earlier to occur of its adoption by the Board or its approval by the stockholders of the Company. It shall continue in effect for a term of ten (10) years unless sooner
terminated. Subject to Section 17, below, and Applicable Laws, Awards may be granted under the Plan upon its becoming effective.
11
13.
Amendment, Suspension or Termination of the
Plan
.
(i) The Board may at any time amend, suspend or terminate the
Plan. To the extent necessary to comply with Applicable Laws, the Company shall obtain stockholder approval of any Plan amendment in such a manner and to such a degree as required.
(ii) No Award may be granted during any suspension of the Plan or after termination of the Plan.
(iii) Any amendment, suspension or termination of the Plan (including termination of the Plan under
Section 12, above) shall not affect Awards already granted, and such Awards shall remain in full force and effect as if the Plan had not been amended, suspended or terminated, unless mutually agreed otherwise between the Grantee and the
Administrator, which agreement must be in writing and signed by the Grantee and the Company.
14.
Reservation of Shares
.
(i) The Company,
during the term of the Plan, will at all times reserve and keep available such number of Shares as shall be sufficient to satisfy the requirements of the Plan.
(ii) The inability of the Company to obtain authority from any regulatory body having jurisdiction, which authority is deemed by the Companys counsel to be necessary to the
lawful issuance and sale of any Shares hereunder, shall relieve the Company of any liability in respect of the failure to issue or sell such Shares as to which such requisite authority shall not have been obtained.
15.
No Effect on Terms of Employment/Consulting Relationship
. The Plan shall not
confer upon any Grantee any right with respect to the Grantees Continuous Service, nor shall it interfere in any way with his or her right or the Companys right to terminate the Grantees Continuous Service at any time, with or
without Cause, and with or without notice. The Companys ability to terminate the employment of a Grantee who is employed at will is in no way affected by its determination that the Grantees Continuous Service has been terminated for
Cause for the purposes of this Plan.
16.
No Effect on Retirement and Other Benefit
Plans
. Except as specifically provided in a retirement or other benefit plan of the Company, DSP Group, Inc. or a Related Entity, Awards shall not be deemed compensation for purposes of computing benefits or contributions
under any retirement plan of the Company, DSP Group, Inc. or a Related Entity, and shall not affect any benefits under any other benefit plan of any kind or any benefit plan subsequently instituted under which the availability or amount of benefits
is related to level of compensation. The Plan is not a Retirement Plan or Welfare Plan under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.
17.
Plan Approval
. The Plan was adopted by the Board on July 19, 2000 and adopted by the stockholders of the Company on
November 20, 2000. On July 18, 2001, the Board adopted and approved an amendment and restatement of the Plan to amend various terms of the Plan in anticipation of the Separation.
18.
Effect of Section 162(m) of the Code
. Section 162(m) of the Code does not apply to the Plan prior to the
Registration Date. Following the Registration Date, the Plan, and all Awards issued thereunder, are intended to be exempt from the application of Section 162(m) of the Code, which restricts under certain circumstances the Federal income tax
deduction for compensation paid by a public company to named executives in excess of $1 million per year. The exemption is based on Treasury Regulation Section 1.162-27(f), in the form existing on the effective date of the Plan, with the
understanding that such regulation generally exempts from the application of Section 162(m) of the Code compensation paid pursuant to a plan that existed before a company becomes publicly held. Under such Treasury Regulation, this exemption is
available to the Plan for the duration of the period that lasts until the earlier of (i) the expiration of the Plan, (ii) the material modification of the Plan, (iii) the exhaustion of the maximum number of shares of Common Stock available for
Awards under the Plan, as set forth in Section 3(a), (iv) the first meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected that occurs after the close of the third calendar year following the calendar year in which the Company first becomes
subject to the
12
reporting obligations of Section 12 of the Exchange Act, or (v) such other date required by Section 162(m) of the Code and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. The Committee may,
without stockholder approval, amend the Plan retroactively and/or prospectively to the extent it determines necessary in order to comply with any subsequent clarification of Section 162(m) of the Code required to preserve the Companys Federal
income tax deduction for compensation paid pursuant to the Plan. To the extent that the Administrator determines as of the date of grant of an Award that (i) the Award is intended to qualify as Performance-Based Compensation and (ii) the exemption
described above is no longer available with respect to such Award, such Award shall not be effective until any stockholder approval required under Section 162(m) of the Code has been obtained.
13
Exhibit 10.8
PARTHUSCEVA, INC.
2002 EMPLOYEE
STOCK PURCHASE PLAN
The following constitute the provisions of the 2002 Employee Stock Purchase
Plan of ParthusCeva, Inc.
1.
Purpose
. The purpose of the Plan is to provide Employees of the Company and its Designated Parents or Subsidiaries with an opportunity to purchase
Common Stock of the Company through accumulated payroll deductions. It is the intention of the Company to have the Plan qualify as an Employee Stock Purchase Plan under Section 423 of the Code and the applicable regulations thereunder.
The provisions of the Plan, accordingly, shall be construed so as to extend and limit participation in a manner consistent with the requirements of that section of the Code.
2.
Definitions
. As used herein, the following definitions shall apply:
(a)
Administrator
means either the Board or a committee of the Board that is responsible for the
administration of the Plan as is designated from time to time by resolution of the Board.
(b)
Applicable Laws
means the legal requirements relating to the administration of employee stock purchase plans, if any, under applicable provisions of federal securities laws, state
corporate and securities laws, the Code and the applicable regulations thereunder, the rules of any applicable stock exchange or national market system, and the rules of any foreign jurisdiction applicable to participation in the Plan by residents
therein.
(c)
Board
means the Board of Directors of the Company.
(d)
Code
means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
(e)
Common Stock
means the common stock of the Company.
(f)
Company
means ParthusCeva, Inc., a Delaware corporation.
(g)
Compensation
means an Employees base salary from the Company or one or more Designated
Parents or Subsidiaries (as reported on the Employees Federal Income Tax Withholding Statement (Form W-2) or equivalent thereof), including (A) such amounts of base salary as are deferred by the Employee (i) under a qualified cash or deferred
arrangement described in Section 401(k) of the Code, or (ii) to a plan qualified under Sections 125 or 129 of the Code and (B) sales commissions. Compensation does not include overtime, bonuses, annual awards, other incentive payments,
reimbursements or other expense allowances, fringe benefits (cash or noncash), moving expenses, deferred compensation, third party sick or disability pay, income or gains attributable to restricted stock, stock options, stock appreciation rights or
other similar equity-based compensation, imputed income or other non-cash items, such as life insurance premiums and similar items, contributions (other than contributions described in the first sentence) made on the Employees behalf by the
Company or one or more Designated Parents or Subsidiaries under any employee benefit or welfare plan now or hereafter established, and any other payments not specifically referenced in the first sentence.
1
(h)
Corporate Transaction
means any of
the following transactions:
(1) a merger or consolidation in which the
Company is not the surviving entity, except for a transaction the principal purpose of which is to change the state in which the Company is incorporated;
(2) the sale, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company (including the capital stock of
the Companys subsidiary corporations);
(3) the complete liquidation
or dissolution of the Company;
(4) any reverse merger in which the Company
is the surviving entity but in which securities possessing more than fifty percent (50%) of the total combined voting power of the Companys outstanding securities are transferred to a person or persons different from those who held such
securities immediately prior to such merger; or
(5) acquisition in a
single or series of related transactions by any person or related group of persons (other than the Company or by a Company-sponsored employee benefit plan) of beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 of the Exchange Act) of securities
possessing more than fifty percent (50%) of the total combined voting power of the Companys outstanding securities, but excluding any such transaction or series of related transactions that the Administrator determines shall not be a Corporate
Transaction.
(i)
Designated Parents or Subsidiaries
means the Parents
or Subsidiaries of the Company which have been designated by the Administrator from time to time as eligible to participate in the Plan.
(j)
Effective Date
means a date selected by the Board in its sole discretion. However, should any Parent or Subsidiary of the Company become a Designated Parent or Subsidiary after
such date, then the Administrator, in its discretion, shall designate a separate Effective Date with respect to the employee-participants of such Designated Parent or Subsidiary.
(k)
Employee
means any individual, including an officer or director, who is an employee of the Company or a Designated Parent or
Subsidiary for purposes of Section 423 of the Code. For purposes of the Plan, the employment relationship shall be treated as continuing intact while the individual is on sick leave or other leave of absence approved by the individuals
employer. Where the period of leave exceeds ninety (90) days and the individuals right to reemployment is not guaranteed either by statute or by contract, the employment relationship will be deemed to have terminated on the ninety-first (91st)
day of such leave, for purposes of determining eligibility to participate in the Plan.
2
(l)
Enrollment Date
means the first day
of each Offer Period.
(m)
Exchange Act
means the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended.
(n)
Exercise Date
means the last day of each
Purchase Period.
(o)
Fair Market Value
means, as of any date, the value
of Common Stock determined as follows:
(1) If the Common Stock is listed
on any established stock exchange or a national market system, including without limitation The Nasdaq National Market or The Nasdaq SmallCap Market of The Nasdaq Stock Market, its Fair Market Value shall be the closing sales price for such stock
(or the closing bid, if no sales were reported) as quoted on such exchange or system on the date of determination (or, if no closing sales price or closing bid was reported on that date, as applicable, on the last trading date such closing sales
price or closing bid was reported), as reported in The Wall Street Journal or such other source as the Administrator deems reliable;
(2) If the Common Stock is regularly quoted on an automated quotation system (including the OTC Bulletin Board) or by a recognized securities dealer, but selling prices are not
reported, the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock shall be the mean between the high bid and low asked prices for the Common Stock on the date of determination (or, if no such prices were reported on that date, on the last date such prices
were reported), as reported in The Wall Street Journal or such other source as the Administrator deems reliable; or
(3) In the absence of an established market for the Common Stock of the type described in (1) and (2), above, the Fair Market Value thereof shall be determined by the Administrator in good faith.
(p)
Offer Period
means an Offer Period established pursuant to Section
4 hereof.
(q)
Parent
means a parent corporation, whether
now or hereafter existing, as defined in Section 424(e) of the Code.
(r)
Participant
means an Employee of the Company or Designated Parent or Subsidiary who has completed a subscription agreement as set forth in Section 5(a) and is thereby enrolled in the
Plan.
(s)
Plan
means this Employee Stock Purchase Plan.
3
(u)
Purchase Period
means a period of
approximately six months, commencing on February 1 and August 1 of each year and terminating on the next following July 31 or January 31, respectively; provided, however, that the first Purchase Period shall commence on the Effective Date and shall
end on
a date determined by the Administrator that shall be no later than twenty-seven (27) months after the Effective Date. The duration and timing of Purchase Periods may be changed pursuant to Section 19(b) of the Plan.
(v)
Purchase Price
shall mean an amount equal to 85% of the Fair Market Value of a
share of Common Stock on the Enrollment Date or on the Exercise Date, whichever is lower.
(w)
Reserves
means, as of any date, the sum of (1) the number of shares of Common Stock covered by each then outstanding option under the Plan which has not yet been exercised and (2) the
number of shares of Common Stock which have been authorized for issuance under the Plan but not then subject to an outstanding option.
(y)
Subsidiary
means a subsidiary corporation, whether now or hereafter existing, as defined in Section 424(f) of the Code.
3.
Eligibility.
(a)
General
. Any individual who is an Employee on a given Enrollment Date shall be eligible to participate in the Plan for the Offer Period
commencing with such Enrollment Date; provided, however, that an Employee may not participate in more than one Offering Period at a time. No individual who is not an Employee shall be eligible to participate in the Plan.
(b)
Limitations on Grant and Accrual
. Any provisions of the Plan to the contrary
notwithstanding, no Employee shall be granted an option under the Plan (i) if, immediately after the grant, such Employee (taking into account stock owned by any other person whose stock would be attributed to such Employee pursuant to Section
424(d) of the Code) would own stock and/or hold outstanding options to purchase stock possessing five percent (5%) or more of the total combined voting power or value of all classes of stock of the Company or of any Parent or Subsidiary of the
Company, or (ii) which permits the Employees rights to purchase stock under all employee stock purchase plans of the Company and its Parents or Subsidiaries to accrue at a rate which exceeds Twenty-Five Thousand Dollars ($25,000) worth of
stock (determined at the Fair Market Value of the shares at the time such option is granted) for each calendar year in which such option is outstanding at any time. The determination of the accrual of the right to purchase stock shall be made in
accordance with Section 423(b)(8) of the Code and the regulations thereunder. In the event that an Employee may not be granted an option under the Plan because of the foregoing restrictions, the Employee shall be granted an option to purchase the
maximum number of shares that would not violate the foregoing restrictions.
(c)
Other
Limits on Eligibility
.
Notwithstanding Subsection (a), above, the following Employees shall not be eligible to participate in the Plan for any relevant Offer Period: (i) Employees whose customary employment is less
than 20 hours per week; (ii) Employees whose customary employment is for not more than 5 months in any calendar year; and (iii) Employees who are subject to rules or laws of a foreign jurisdiction that prohibit or make impractical the participation
of such Employees in the Plan.
4
4.
Offer Periods.
(a) The Plan shall be implemented through overlapping or consecutive Offer Periods until such time as (i) the
maximum number of shares of Common Stock available for issuance under the Plan shall have been purchased or (ii) the Plan shall have been sooner amended or terminated in accordance with Section 19 hereof. The maximum duration of an Offer Period
shall be twenty-seven (27) months. Initially, the Plan shall be implemented through overlapping Offer Periods of twenty-four (24) months duration commencing each February 1 and August 1 following the Effective Date (except that the initial
Offer Period shall commence on the Effective Date and shall end on
a date determined by the Administrator that shall be no later than twenty-seven (27) months after the Effective Date).
(b) A Participant shall be granted a separate option for each Offer Period in which he or she participates. The option shall be granted on the
Enrollment Date and shall be automatically exercised in successive installments on the Exercise Dates ending within the Offer Period.
(c) If on the first day of any Purchase Period in an Offer Period in which an Employee is a Participant, the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock is less than the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock
on the Enrollment Date of the Offer Period (after taking into account any adjustment during the Offer Period pursuant to Section 18(a)), the Offer Period shall be terminated automatically and the Participant shall be enrolled automatically in the
new Offer Period which has its first Purchase Period commencing on that date, provided the Employee is eligible to participate in the Plan on that date and has not elected to terminate participation in the Plan.
(d) Except as specifically provided herein, the acquisition of Common Stock through participation in the Plan for
any Offer Period shall neither limit nor require the acquisition of Common Stock by a Participant in any subsequent Offer Period.
5.
Participation.
(a) An eligible Employee
may become a Participant in the Plan by completing a subscription agreement authorizing payroll deductions in the form of Exhibit A to this Plan (or such other form or method (including electronic forms) as the Administrator may designate from time
to time) and filing it with the designated payroll office of the Company at least five (5) business days prior to the Enrollment Date for the Offer Period in which such participation will commence, unless a later time for filing the subscription
agreement is set by the Administrator for all eligible Employees with respect to a given Offer Period.
(b) Payroll deductions for a Participant shall commence with the first partial or full payroll period beginning on the Enrollment Date and shall end on the last complete payroll period during the Offer Period,
unless sooner terminated by the Participant as provided in Section 10.
5
6.
Payroll Deductions
.
(a) At the time a Participant files a subscription agreement, the Participant shall elect to have payroll
deductions made during the Offer Period in amounts equal to or greater than one percent (1%) but not exceeding ten percent (10%) of the Compensation which the Participant receives during the Offer Period. Such payroll deductions shall be in whole
percentages only.
(b) All payroll deductions made for a Participant shall be credited to
the Participants account under the Plan and will be withheld in whole percentages only. A Participant may not make any additional payments into such account.
(c) A Participant may discontinue participation in the Plan as provided in Section 10, or may increase or decrease the rate of payroll deductions
during the Offer Period by completing and filing with the Company a change of status notice in the form of Exhibit B to this Plan (or such other form or method (including electronic forms) as the Administrator may designate from time to time)
authorizing an increase or decrease in the payroll deduction rate. Any increase or decrease in the rate of a Participants payroll deductions shall be effective with the first full payroll period commencing five (5) business days after the
Companys receipt of the change of status notice unless the Company elects to process a given change in participation more quickly. A Participants subscription agreement (as modified by any change of status notice) shall remain in effect
for successive Offer Periods unless terminated as provided in Section 10. The Administrator shall be authorized to limit the number of payroll deduction rate changes during any Offer Period.
(d) Notwithstanding the foregoing, to the extent necessary to comply with Section 423(b)(8) of the Code and Section 3(b) herein, a Participants
payroll deductions shall be decreased to 0%. Payroll deductions shall recommence at the rate provided in such Participants subscription agreement, as amended, at the time when permitted under Section 423(b)(8) of the Code and Section 3(b)
herein, unless such participation is sooner terminated by the Participant as provided in Section 10.
(e) At the time the option is exercised, in whole or in part, or at the time any of the Companys Common Stock issued under the Plan is disposed of, the participant must make adequate provision for the
Companys federal, state, or other tax withholding obligations, if any, which arise upon the exercise of the option or the disposition of the Common Stock. At any time, the Company may, but shall not be obligated to, withhold from the
participants compensation the amount necessary for the Company to meet applicable withholding obligations, including any withholding required to make available to the Company any tax deductions or benefits attributable to sale or other
disposition of Common Stock by the Employee.
7.
Grant of
Option.
On the Enrollment Date of each Offer Period, each Participant shall be granted an option to purchase (at the applicable Purchase Price) up to a whole number of shares of Common Stock (the Option Shares)
determined by dividing $50,000 by the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock on the Enrollment Date (subject to any adjustment pursuant to Section 18), and provided that such purchase shall be subject to the limitations set forth in Sections
3(b), 6 and 12 hereof. The option shall be exercisable as to 25% of the Option Shares on each Exercise Date during the Offer Period. Exercise of the option shall occur as provided in Section 8, unless the Participant has withdrawn pursuant to
Section 10, and the option, to the extent not exercised, shall expire on the last day of the Offer Period with respect to which such option was granted.
6
8.
Exercise of
Option
. Unless a Participant withdraws from the Plan as provided in Section 10, below, the Participants option for the purchase of shares of Common Stock will be exercised automatically on each Exercise Date, by
applying the accumulated payroll deductions in the Participants account to purchase the number of full shares subject to the option by dividing such Participants payroll deductions accumulated prior to such Exercise Date and retained in
the Participants account as of the Exercise Date by the applicable Purchase Price. No fractional shares will be purchased; any payroll deductions accumulated in a Participants account which are not sufficient to purchase a full share
shall be carried over to the next Purchase Period or Offer Period, whichever applies, or returned to the Participant, if the Participant withdraws from the Plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any amount remaining in a Participants account
following the purchase of shares on the Exercise Date due to the application of Section 423(b)(8) of the Code or Section 7, above, shall be returned to the Participant and shall not be carried over to the next Offer Period or Purchase Period. During
a Participants lifetime, a Participants option to purchase shares hereunder is exercisable only by the Participant.
9.
Delivery
. Upon receipt of a request from a Participant after each Exercise Date on which a purchase of shares occurs, the Company shall arrange the delivery to such Participant,
as promptly as practicable, of a certificate representing the shares purchased upon exercise of the Participants option. The Company may, in its sole discretion, and in compliance with applicable laws, authorize the book entry registration of
shares in lieu of issuing certificates.
10.
Withdrawal; Termination of Employment.
(a) A Participant may either (i) withdraw all but not less than all the payroll deductions
credited to the Participants account and not yet used to exercise the Participants option under the Plan or (ii) terminate future payroll deductions, but allow accumulated payroll deductions to be used to exercise the Participants
option under the Plan at any time by giving written notice to the Company in the form of Exhibit B to this Plan (or such other form or method (including electronic forms) as the Administrator may designate from time to time). If the Participant
elects withdrawal alternative (i) described above, all of the Participants payroll deductions credited to the Participants account will be paid to such Participant as promptly as practicable after receipt of notice of withdrawal, such
Participants option for the Offer Period will be automatically terminated, and no further payroll deductions for the purchase of shares will be made during the Offer Period. If the Participant elects withdrawal alternative (ii) described
above, no further payroll deductions for the purchase of shares will be made during the Offer Period, all of the Participants payroll deductions credited to the Participants account will be applied to the exercise of the
Participants option on the next Exercise Date (subject to Sections 3(b), 6, 7 and 12), and after such Exercise Date, such Participants option for the Offer Period will be automatically terminated and all remaining accumulated payroll
deduction amounts shall be returned to the Participant. If a Participant withdraws from an Offer Period, payroll deductions will not resume at the beginning of the succeeding Offer Period unless the Participant delivers to the Company a new
subscription agreement. A Participants withdrawal from an Offer Period shall not have any effect upon his or her eligibility to participate in any similar plan that may be hereafter adopted by the Company or in succeeding Offer Periods.
7
(b) Upon termination of a Participants employment
relationship (as described in Section 2(k)) at a time more than three (3) months from the next scheduled Exercise Date, the payroll deductions credited to such Participants account during the Offer Period but not yet used to exercise the
option will be returned to such Participant or, in the case of his/her death, to the person or persons entitled thereto under Section 14, and such Participants option will be automatically terminated without exercise of any portion of such
option. Upon termination of a Participants employment relationship (as described in Section 2(k)) within three (3) months of the next scheduled Exercise Date, the payroll deductions credited to such Participants account during the Offer
Period but not yet used to exercise the option will be applied to the purchase of Common Stock on the next Exercise Date, unless the Participant (or in the case of the Participants death, the person or persons entitled to the
Participants account balance under Section 14) withdraws from the Plan by submitting a change of status notice in accordance with subsection (a) of this Section 10. In such a case, no further payroll deductions will be credited to the
Participants account following the Participants termination of employment and the Participants option under the Plan will be automatically terminated after the purchase of Common Stock on the next scheduled Exercise Date. If, prior
to the last day of the Offer Period, the Designated Parent or Subsidiary by which the Employee is employed shall cease to be a Parent or Subsidiary of the Company, or if the Employee is transferred to a Parent or Subsidiary of the Company that is
not a Designated Parent or Subsidiary, the Employee shall be deemed to have been terminated for purposes of the Plan.
11.
Interest
. No interest shall accrue on the payroll deductions credited to a Participants account under the Plan.
12.
Stock
.
(a) The maximum number of shares of Common Stock which shall be made available for sale under the Plan shall be one million (1,000,000) shares (all share numbers in this Plan reflect the adjustments from
actions taken in connection with the spin-off of Ceva from DSP Group, Inc.), subject to adjustment upon changes in capitalization of the Company as provided in Section 18. With respect to any amendment to increase the total number of shares of
Common Stock under the Plan, the Administrator shall have discretion to disallow the purchase of any increased shares of Common Stock for Offer Periods in existence prior to such increase. If the Administrator determines that on a given Exercise
Date the number of shares with respect to which options are to be exercised may exceed (x) the number of shares then available for sale under the Plan or (y) the number of shares available for sale under the Plan on the Enrollment Date(s) of one or
more of the Offer Periods in which such Exercise Date is to occur, the Administrator may make a pro rata allocation of the shares remaining available for purchase on such Enrollment Dates or Exercise Date, as applicable, in as uniform a manner as
shall be practicable and as it shall determine to be equitable, and shall either continue all Offer Periods then in effect or terminate any one or more Offer Periods then in effect pursuant to Section 19, below. Any amount remaining in a
Participants payroll account following such pro rata allocation shall be returned to the Participant and shall not be carried over to any future Purchase Period or Offer Period, as determined by the Administrator.
8
(b) A Participant will have no interest or voting right in
shares covered by the Participants option until such shares are actually purchased on the Participants behalf in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Plan. No adjustment shall be made for dividends, distributions or other
rights for which the record date is prior to the date of such purchase.
(c) Shares to be
delivered to a Participant under the Plan will be registered in the name of the Participant or in the name of the Participant and his or her spouse as designated in the Participants subscription agreement.
13.
Administration
. The Plan shall be administered by the Administrator which shall
have full and exclusive discretionary authority to construe, interpret and apply the terms of the Plan, to determine eligibility and to adjudicate all disputed claims filed under the Plan. Every finding, decision and determination made by the
Administrator shall, to the full extent permitted by Applicable Law, be final and binding upon all persons.
14.
Designation of Beneficiary.
(a) Each
Participant will file a written designation of a beneficiary who is to receive any shares and cash, if any, from the Participants account under the Plan in the event of such Participants death. If a Participant is married and the
designated beneficiary is not the spouse, spousal consent shall be required for such designation to be effective.
(b) Such designation of beneficiary may be changed by the Participant (and the Participants spouse, if any) at any time by written notice. In the event of the death of a Participant and in the absence of
a beneficiary validly designated under the Plan who is living (or in existence) at the time of such Participants death, the Company shall deliver such shares and/or cash to the executor or administrator of the estate of the Participant, or if
no such executor or administrator has been appointed (to the knowledge of the Administrator), the Administrator shall deliver such shares and/or cash to the spouse (or domestic partner, as determined by the Administrator) of the Participant, or if
no spouse (or domestic partner) is known to the Administrator, then to the issue of the Participant, such distribution to be made per stirpes (by right of representation), or if no issue are known to the Administrator, then to the heirs at law of
the Participant determined in accordance with Section 27.
15.
Transferability
. No payroll deductions credited to a Participants account, options granted hereunder, or any rights with regard to the exercise of an option or to receive
shares under the Plan may be assigned, transferred, pledged or otherwise disposed of in any way (other than by will, the laws of descent and distribution, or as provided in Section 14 hereof) by the Participant. Any such attempt at assignment,
transfer, pledge or other disposition shall be without effect, except that the Administrator may, in its sole discretion, treat such act as an election to withdraw funds from an Offer Period in accordance with Section 10.
9
16.
Use of Funds
. All
payroll deductions received or held by the Company under the Plan may be used by the Company for any corporate purpose, and the Company shall not be obligated to segregate such payroll deductions or hold them exclusively for the benefit of
Participants. All payroll deductions received or held by the Company are subject to the claims of the Companys general creditors, and no Participant shall have rights greater than those of any unsecured creditor of the Company.
17.
Reports
. Individual accounts will be maintained for each Participant
in the Plan. Statements of account will be given to Participants at least annually, which statements will set forth the amounts of payroll deductions, the Purchase Price, the number of shares purchased and the remaining cash balance, if any.
18.
Adjustments Upon Changes in Capitalization; Corporate Transactions.
(a)
Adjustments Upon Changes in Capitalization
. Subject to
any required action by the stockholders of the Company, the Reserves, the Purchase Price, the maximum number of shares that may be purchased in any Offer Period or Purchase Period, as well as any other terms that the Administrator determines require
adjustment shall be proportionately adjusted for (i) any increase or decrease in the number of issued shares of Common Stock resulting from a stock split, reverse stock split, stock dividend, combination or reclassification of the Common Stock, (ii)
any other increase or decrease in the number of issued shares of Common Stock effected without receipt of consideration by the Company, or (iii) as the Administrator may determine in its discretion, any other transaction with respect to Common Stock
to which Section 424(a) of the Code applies; provided, however that conversion of any convertible securities of the Company shall not be deemed to have been effected without receipt of consideration. Such adjustment shall be made by the
Administrator and its determination shall be final, binding and conclusive. Except as the Administrator determines, no issuance by the Company of shares of stock of any class, or securities convertible into shares of stock of any class, shall
affect, and no adjustment by reason hereof shall be made with respect to, the Reserves and the Purchase Price.
(b)
Corporate Transactions
. In the event of a proposed Corporate Transaction, each option under the Plan shall be assumed by such successor corporation or a parent or subsidiary of
such successor corporation, unless the Administrator, in the exercise of its sole discretion and in lieu of such assumption, determines to shorten the Offer Period then in progress by setting a new Exercise Date (the New Exercise Date).
If the Administrator shortens the Offer Period then in progress in lieu of assumption in the event of a Corporate Transaction, the Administrator shall notify each Participant in writing at least ten (10) business days prior to the New Exercise Date,
that the Exercise Date for the Participants option has been changed to the New Exercise Date and that either:
(1) the Participants option will be exercised automatically on the New Exercise Date, unless prior to such date the Participant has withdrawn from the Offer Period as provided in Section 10; or
(2) the Company shall pay to the Participant on the New Exercise Date an
amount in cash, cash equivalents, or property as determined by the Administrator that is equal to the difference in the Fair Market Value of the shares subject to the option and the Purchase Price due had the Participants option been exercised
automatically under Subsection (b)(i) above.
10
For purposes of this Subsection, an option granted under the Plan shall be deemed
to be assumed if, in connection with the Corporate Transaction, the option is replaced with a comparable option with respect to shares of capital stock of the successor corporation or Parent thereof. The determination of option comparability shall
be made by the Administrator prior to the Corporate Transaction and its determination shall be final, binding and conclusive on all persons.
19.
Amendment or Termination.
(a) The Administrator may at any time and for any reason terminate or amend the Plan. Except as provided in Section 18, no such termination can affect options previously granted, provided that the Plan or any
one or more Offer Periods may be terminated by the Administrator on any Exercise Date or by the Administrator establishing a new Exercise Date with respect to any Offer Period and/or any Purchase Period then in progress if the Administrator
determines that the termination of the Plan or such one or more Offer Periods is in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders. Except as provided in Section 18 and this Section 19, no amendment may make any change in any option
theretofore granted which adversely affects the rights of any Participant without the consent of affected Participants. To the extent necessary to comply with Section 423 of the Code (or any successor rule or provision or any other Applicable Law),
the Company shall obtain stockholder approval in such a manner and to such a degree as required.
(b) Without stockholder consent and without regard to whether any Participant rights may be considered to have been adversely affected, the Administrator shall be entitled to limit the frequency
and/or number of changes in the amount withheld during Offer Periods, change the length of Purchase Periods within any Offer Period, determine the length of any future Offer Period, determine whether future Offer Periods shall be consecutive or
overlapping, establish the exchange ratio applicable to amounts withheld in a currency other than U.S. dollars, establish additional terms, conditions, rules or procedures to accommodate the rules or laws of applicable foreign jurisdictions, permit
payroll withholding in excess of the amount designated by a Participant in order to adjust for delays or mistakes in the Companys processing of properly completed withholding elections, establish reasonable waiting and adjustment periods
and/or accounting and crediting procedures to ensure that amounts applied toward the purchase of Common Stock for each Participant properly correspond with amounts withheld from the Participants Compensation, and establish such other
limitations or procedures as the Administrator determines in its sole discretion advisable and which are consistent with the Plan.
20.
Notices
. All notices or other communications by a Participant to the Company under or in connection with the Plan shall be deemed to have been duly given when received
in the form specified by the Administrator at the location, or by the person, designated by the Administrator for the receipt thereof.
11
21.
Conditions Upon Issuance of
Shares
. Shares shall not be issued with respect to an option unless the exercise of such option and the issuance and delivery of such shares pursuant thereto shall comply with all Applicable Laws and shall be further
subject to the approval of counsel for the Company with respect to such compliance. As a condition to the exercise of an option, the Company may require the Participant to represent and warrant at the time of any such exercise that the shares are
being purchased only for investment and without any present intention to sell or distribute such shares if, in the opinion of counsel for the Company, such a representation is required by any of the aforementioned Applicable Laws.
22.
Term of Plan
. The Plan shall become effective upon the earlier to
occur of its adoption by the Board or its approval by the stockholders of the Company. It shall continue in effect for a term of twenty (20) years unless sooner terminated under Section 19.
23.
Stockholder Approval
. The Plan is effective as of the date it is adopted by the Board. The Plan shall be submitted
to the stockholders of the Company within twelve (12) months before or after the date the Plan is adopted for approval to obtain the benefits of Section 423 of the Code. However, the Plan shall not be conditioned upon such approval.
24.
No Employment Rights
. The Plan does not, directly or indirectly,
create any right for the benefit of any employee or class of employees to purchase any shares under the Plan, or create in any employee or class of employees any right with respect to continuation of employment by the Company or a Designated Parent
or Subsidiary, and it shall not be deemed to interfere in any way with such employers right to terminate, or otherwise modify, an employees employment at any time.
25.
No Effect on Retirement and Other Benefit Plans
. Except as specifically provided in a retirement or other benefit
plan of the Company or a Designated Parent or Subsidiary, participation in the Plan shall not be deemed compensation for purposes of computing benefits or contributions under any retirement plan of the Company or a Designated Parent or Subsidiary,
and shall not affect any benefits under any other benefit plan of any kind or any benefit plan subsequently instituted under which the availability or amount of benefits is related to level of compensation. The Plan is not a Retirement
Plan or Welfare Plan under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.
26.
Effect of Plan
. The provisions of the Plan shall, in accordance with its terms, be binding upon, and inure to the benefit of, all successors of each Participant, including,
without limitation, such Participants estate and the executors, administrators or trustees thereof, heirs and legatees, and any receiver, trustee in bankruptcy or representative of creditors of such Participant.
27.
Governmental Regulations
. The Companys obligation to sell and deliver
Common Stock under this Plan is subject to listing on an established stock exchange or quotation on a national market system or an over the counter market (to the extent the Common Stock is then so listed or quoted) and the approval of all
governmental authorities required in connection with the authorization, issuance, or sale of such stock.
12
28.
Source of Shares
. Shares
may be issued upon exercise of an option from authorized but unissued Common Stock, from shares held in the treasury of the Company, or from any other proper source.
29.
Notification Upon Sale of Shares
. Each employee agrees, by participating in the Plan, to promptly give notice to
the Company of any disposition of shares purchased under the Plan where such disposition occurs within two years after the date of the grant of the option pursuant to which such shares were purchased or within one year of the date of exercise of
such option pursuant to which such shares were purchased.
30.
Governing
Law
. The Plan is to be construed in accordance with and governed by the internal laws of the State of Delaware without giving effect to any choice of law rule that would cause the application of the laws of any
jurisdiction other than the internal laws of the State of Delaware to the rights and duties of the parties, except to the extent the internal laws of the State of Delaware are superseded by the laws of the United States. Should any provision of the
Plan be determined by a court of law to be illegal or unenforceable, the other provisions shall nevertheless remain effective and shall remain enforceable.
31.
Dispute Resolution
. The provisions of this Section 31 (and as restated in the Subscription Agreement) shall be the exclusive means of resolving
disputes arising out of or relating to the Plan. The Company and the Participant, or their respective successors (the parties), shall attempt in good faith to resolve any disputes arising out of or relating to the Plan by negotiation
between individuals who have authority to settle the controversy. Negotiations shall be commenced by either party by notice of a written statement of the partys position and the name and title of the individual who will represent the party.
Within thirty (30) days of the written notification, the parties shall meet at a mutually acceptable time and place, and thereafter as often as they reasonably deem necessary, to resolve the dispute. If the dispute has not been resolved by
negotiation, the parties agree that any suit, action, or proceeding arising out of or relating to the Plan shall be brought in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California (or should such court lack jurisdiction to hear
such action, suit or proceeding, in a California state court in the County of San Francisco) and that the parties shall submit to the jurisdiction of such court. The parties irrevocably waive, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any objection
the party may have to the laying of venue for any such suit, action or proceeding brought in such court. THE PARTIES ALSO EXPRESSLY WAIVE ANY RIGHT THEY HAVE OR MAY HAVE TO A JURY TRIAL OF ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING. If any one or more
provisions of this Section 31 shall for any reason be held invalid or unenforceable, it is the specific intent of the parties that such provisions shall be modified to the minimum extent necessary to make it or its application valid and enforceable.
13
Exhibit A
ParthusCeva, Inc. 2002 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT
Effective with the Offer Period beginning on:
¨
<February 1, 200_>
or
¨
<August 1, 200_>
1.
|
|
Personal Information <
modify data requested as appropriate
>
|
Legal Name (Please Print)______________________________________ ___________ _____________
(Last)
(First)
(MI)
Location Department
Street Address____________________________________________ _________________________
Daytime Telephone
City, State/Country,
Zip____________________________________ _________________________
E-Mail Address
Social Security No. _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ Employee I.D. No. ________ _______________________
Manager Mgr Location
2.
|
|
Eligibility
Any Employee whose customary employment is 20 hours or more per week and more than 5 months per calendar year, and who
does not hold (directly or indirectly) five percent (5%) or more of the combined voting power of the Company, a parent or a subsidiary, whether in stock or options to acquire stock is eligible to participate in the ParthusCeva, Inc. 2002 Employee
Stock Purchase Plan (the ESPP); provided, however, that Employees who are subject to the rules or laws of a foreign jurisdiction that prohibit or make impractical the participation of such Employees in the ESPP are not eligible to
participate.
|
3.
|
|
Definitions
Each capitalized term in this Subscription Agreement shall have the meaning set forth in the ESPP.
|
4.
|
|
Subscription
I hereby elect to participate in the ESPP and subscribe to purchase shares of the Companys Common Stock in
accordance with this Subscription Agreement and the ESPP. I have received a complete copy of the ESPP and a prospectus describing the ESPP and understand that my participation in the ESPP is in all respects subject to the terms of the ESPP. The
effectiveness of this Subscription Agreement is dependent on my eligibility to participate in the ESPP.
|
5.
|
|
Payroll Deduction Authorization
I hereby authorize payroll deductions from my Compensation during the Offer Period in the
percentage specified below (payroll reductions may not exceed 10% of Compensation nor $21,250 per calendar year):
|
______________________________________________________________________________________
Percentage to be Deducted (circle one)
1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 9% 10%
______________________________________________________________________________________
6.
|
|
ESPP Accounts and Purchase Price
I understand that all payroll deductions will be credited to my account under the ESPP. No
additional payments may be made to my account. No interest will be credited on funds held in the account at any time including any refund of the account caused by withdrawal from the ESPP. All payroll deductions shall be accumulated for the purchase
of Company Common Stock at the applicable Purchase Price determined in accordance with the ESPP.
|
7.
|
|
Withdrawal and Changes in Payroll Deduction
I understand that I may discontinue my participation in the ESPP at any time prior to
an Exercise Date as provided in Section 10 of the ESPP, but if I do not withdraw from the ESPP, any accumulated payroll deductions will be applied automatically to purchase Company Common Stock. I may increase or decrease the rate of my payroll
deductions in whole percentage increments to not less than one percent (1%) on one occasion during any Purchase Period by completing and timely filing a Change of Status Notice. Any increase or decrease will be effective for the full payroll period
occurring after five (5) business days from the Companys receipt of the Change of Status Notice.
|
8.
|
|
Perpetual Subscription
I understand that this Subscription Agreement shall remain in effect for successive Offer Periods until I
withdraw from participation in the ESPP, or termination of the ESPP.
|
A-1
9.
|
|
Taxes
I have reviewed the ESPP prospectus discussion of the federal tax consequences of participation in the ESPP and consulted
with tax consultants as I deemed advisable prior to my participation in the ESPP. I hereby agree to notify the Company in writing within thirty (30) days of any disposition (transfer or sale) of any shares purchased under the ESPP if such
disposition occurs within two (2) years of the Enrollment Date (the first day of the Offer Period during which the shares were purchased) or within one (1) year of the Exercise Date (the date I purchased such shares), and I will make adequate
provision to the Company for foreign, federal, state or other tax withholding obligations, if any, which arise upon the disposition of the shares. In addition, the Company may withhold from my Compensation any amount necessary to meet applicable tax
withholding obligations incident to my participation in the ESPP, including any withholding necessary to make available to the Company any tax deductions or benefits contingent on such withholding.
|
10.
|
|
Dispute Resolution
The provisions of this Section 10 and Section 31 of the ESPP shall be the exclusive means of resolving disputes
arising out of or relating to the Plan. The Company and I, or our respective successors (the parties), shall attempt in good faith to resolve any disputes arising out of or relating to the Plan by negotiation between individuals who have
authority to settle the controversy. Negotiations shall be commenced by either party by notice of a written statement of the partys position and the name and title of the individual who will represent the party. Within thirty (30) days of the
written notification, the parties shall meet at a mutually acceptable time and place, and thereafter as often as they reasonably deem necessary, to resolve the dispute. If the dispute has not been resolved by negotiation, the Company and I agree
that any suit, action, or proceeding arising out of or relating to the Plan shall be brought in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California (or should such court lack jurisdiction to hear such action, suit or proceeding,
in a California state court in the County of San Francisco) and that we shall submit to the jurisdiction of such court. The Company and I irrevocably waive, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any objection we may have to the laying of venue for
any such suit, action or proceeding brought in such court. THE COMPANY AND I ALSO EXPRESSLY WAIVE ANY RIGHT WE HAVE OR MAY HAVE TO A JURY TRIAL OF ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING. If any one or more provisions of this Section 10 or Section 28 of
the ESPP shall for any reason be held invalid or unenforceable, it is the specific intent of the Company and I that such provisions shall be modified to the minimum extent necessary to make it or its application valid and enforceable.
|
11.
|
|
Designation of Beneficiary
In the event of my death, I hereby designate the following person or trust as my beneficiary to receive
all payments and shares due to me under the ESPP:
¨
I am single
¨
I am married
|
Beneficiary (please print) ________________________________ Relationship to Beneficiary(if any)
(Last)
(First)
MI)
Street
Address_________________________________________ ____________________________
City, State/Country, Zip ________________________________
12.
|
|
Termination of ESPP
I understand that the Company has the right, exercisable in its sole discretion, to amend or terminate the
ESPP at any time, and a termination may be effective as early as an Exercise Date, including the establishment of an alternative date for an Exercise Date within each outstanding Offer Period.
|
Date: _________________________ Employee Signature:______________________________________
______________________________________
spouses signature (if beneficiary is other than spouse)
A-2
Exhibit B
ParthusCeva, Inc. 2002 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
CHANGE OF STATUS NOTICE
____________________________________________________
Participant Name (Please Print)
____________________________________________________
Social Security Number
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Withdrawal From ESPP
I hereby withdraw from the
ParthusCeva, Inc. 2002 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the ESPP) and agree that my option under the applicable Offer Period will be automatically terminated and all accumulated payroll deductions credited to my account will be refunded to
me or applied to the purchase of Common Stock depending on the alternative indicated below. No further payroll deductions will be made for the purchase of shares in the applicable Offer Period and I shall be eligible to participate in a future Offer
Period only by timely delivery to the Company of a new Subscription Agreement.
r
Withdrawal
|
|
and Purchase of Common Stock
|
Payroll deductions will terminate, but your account balance will be applied to purchase Common Stock on the next Exercise Date. Any remaining balance will be refunded.
r
Withdrawal
|
|
Without Purchase of Common Stock
|
Entire account balance will be refunded to me and no Common Stock will be purchased on the next Exercise Date provided this notice is submitted to the Company ten (10) business days prior to the next
Exercise Date.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
r
Change
|
|
in Payroll Deduction
|
I hereby elect to change my rate of payroll deduction under the ESPP as follows (select one):
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Percentage to be Deducted (circle one)
1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 9% 10%
_______________________________________________________________________________________
An increase or a decrease in payroll deduction will be effective for the first full payroll period commencing no fewer than five (5) business days following the
Companys receipt of this notice, unless this change is processed more quickly.
B-1
___________________________________________________________________________________________
r
Change of Beneficiary
|
|
r
I am married
r
I am
single
|
This change of beneficiary shall terminate my previous beneficiary designation under the ESPP. In the
event of my death, I hereby designate the following person or trust as my beneficiary to receive all payments and shares due to me under the ESPP:
Beneficiary (please print) ________________________________ Relationship to Beneficiary (if any)
Last)
(First) (MI)
Street Address ________________________________________ _________________________________
City, State/Country, Zip ________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Date: _____________________ Employee Signature: _______________________________________
________________________________________
spouses signature (if new beneficiary is other than spouse)
B-2