UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-Q

 

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the Quarterly Period Ended June 30, 2009

 

Commission File Number 1-9750


 

Sotheby’s


(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


 

 

 

Delaware

 

38-2478409


 


(State or other jurisdiction of

 

(I.R.S. Employer

incorporation or organization)

 

Identification No.)


 

 

 

1334 York Avenue

 

 

New York, New York

 

10021


 


(Address of principal executive offices)

 

(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (212) 606-7000

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

 

 

Large accelerated filer x

 

Accelerated filer o

Non-accelerated filer o

(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Smaller Reporting Company o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act)

Yes o No x

As of July 28, 2009, there were 66,892,610 outstanding shares of Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the registrant.


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

PAGE

 

 

 

 


PART I:

 

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

 

 

Item 1.

 

Financial Statements (UNAUDITED):

 

 

 

 

 

Condensed Consolidated Income Statements for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 and 2008

 

3

 

 

 

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2009, December 31, 2008 and June 30, 2008

 

4

 

 

 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 and 2008

 

5

 

 

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

 

6

 

Item 2.

 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

30

 

Item 3.

 

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

 

48

 

Item 4.

 

Controls and Procedures

 

48

 

PART II:

 

OTHER INFORMATION

 

 

 

Item 1.

 

Legal Proceedings

 

49

 

Item 1A.

 

Risk Factors

 

49

 

Item 4.

 

Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

 

52

 

Item 5

 

Other Information

 

53

 

Item 6.

 

Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K

 

54

 

SIGNATURE

 

 

55

 

EXHIBIT INDEX

 

 

56

 

2




SOTHEBY’S
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
(Thousands of dollars, except per share data)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Six Months Ended

 

 

 


 


 

 

 

June 30,
2009

 

June 30,
2008

 

June 30,
2009

 

June 30,
2008

 

 

 


 


 


 


 

Revenues:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Auction and related revenues

 

$

151,007

 

$

290,393

 

 $

196,985

 

$

398,331

 

Finance revenues

 

 

2,245

 

 

3,650

 

 

4,664

 

 

7,162

 

Dealer revenues

 

 

13,055

 

 

24,791

 

 

17,801

 

 

41,476

 

License fee revenues

 

 

770

 

 

918

 

 

1,549

 

 

1,509

 

Other revenues

 

 

244

 

 

409

 

 

750

 

 

944

 

 

 



 



 



 



 

Total revenues

 

 

167,321

 

 

320,161

 

 

221,749

 

 

449,422

 

 

 



 



 



 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Direct costs of services

 

 

14,509

 

 

35,162

 

 

23,669

 

 

48,719

 

Dealer cost of sales

 

 

11,840

 

 

24,679

 

 

20,506

 

 

40,597

 

Marketing expenses

 

 

3,054

 

 

5,597

 

 

5,967

 

 

10,946

 

Salaries and related costs

 

 

49,356

 

 

71,903

 

 

97,316

 

 

133,074

 

General and administrative expenses

 

 

30,372

 

 

44,328

 

 

60,804

 

 

89,792

 

Depreciation and amortization expense

 

 

5,087

 

 

6,005

 

 

10,459

 

 

12,217

 

Antitrust related matters

 

 

 

 

(18,385

)

 

 

 

(18,385

)

Restructuring charges (net)

 

 

4,803

 

 

 

 

10,519

 

 

 

 

 



 



 



 



 

Total expenses

 

 

119,021

 

 

169,289

 

 

229,240

 

 

316,960

 

 

 



 



 



 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating income (loss)

 

 

48,300

 

 

150,872

 

 

(7,491

)

 

132,462

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest income

 

 

1,551

 

 

2,064

 

 

3,151

 

 

3,976

 

Interest expense

 

 

(11,431

)

 

(8,002

)

 

(22,585

)

 

(15,252

)

Extinguishment of debt

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,039

 

 

 

Other expense

 

 

(2,707

)

 

(3,794

)

 

(5,094

)

 

(1,171

)

 

 



 



 



 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income (loss) before taxes

 

 

35,713

 

 

141,140

 

 

(30,980

)

 

120,015

 

Equity in earnings of investees, net of taxes

 

 

242

 

 

300

 

 

91

 

 

1,537

 

Income tax expense (benefit)

 

 

23,774

 

 

46,106

 

 

(8,578

)

 

38,613

 

 

 



 



 



 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

 

$

12,181

 

$

95,334

 

$

(22,311

)

$

82,939

 

 

 



 



 



 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic earnings (loss) per share - Sotheby’s common shareholders (see Note 3)

 

$

0.18

 

$

1.42

 

$

(0.34

)

$

1.23

 

 

 



 



 



 



 

Diluted earnings (loss) per share - Sotheby’s common shareholders (see Note 3)

 

$

0.18

 

$

1.41

 

$

(0.34

)

$

1.23

 

 

 



 



 



 



 

Weighted average basic shares outstanding

 

 

65,207

 

 

64,663

 

 

65,079

 

 

64,529

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average diluted shares outstanding

 

 

65,784

 

 

65,390

 

 

65,079

 

 

65,695

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash dividends paid per common share

 

$

0.05

 

$

0.15

 

 $

0.20

 

$

0.30

 

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

3


SOTHEBY’S
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Thousands of dollars)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

June 30,
2009
(UNAUDITED)

 

December 31,
2008

 

June 30,
2008
(UNAUDITED)

 

 

 


 


 


 

ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

141,383

 

$

253,468

 

$

375,443

 

Restricted cash

 

 

11,495

 

 

25,561

 

 

13,622

 

Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $6,550, $9,906 and $4,993

 

 

475,974

 

 

544,324

 

 

1,024,048

 

Notes receivable and consignor advances, net of allowance for credit losses of $1,127, $1,213 and $1,036

 

 

59,251

 

 

152,224

 

 

117,635

 

Inventory

 

 

168,566

 

 

186,589

 

 

198,205

 

Deferred income taxes

 

 

14,544

 

 

23,315

 

 

15,850

 

Income tax receivable

 

 

13,806

 

 

20,767

 

 

1,759

 

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

 

 

19,656

 

 

20,661

 

 

23,753

 

 

 



 



 



 

Total Current Assets

 

 

904,675

 

 

1,226,909

 

 

1,770,315

 

 

 



 



 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-Current Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Notes receivable

 

 

95,864

 

 

24,668

 

 

94,445

 

Fixed assets, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization of $190,174, $182,271 and $185,664

 

 

378,263

 

 

206,206

 

 

224,746

 

Goodwill

 

 

14,639

 

 

14,202

 

 

27,802

 

Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $4,340, $3,412 and $2,992

 

 

2,623

 

 

3,471

 

 

7,432

 

Equity method investments

 

 

17,706

 

 

18,416

 

 

18,184

 

Deferred income taxes

 

 

86,619

 

 

74,332

 

 

76,490

 

Trust assets related to deferred compensation liability

 

 

34,340

 

 

33,191

 

 

39,992

 

Pension asset

 

 

15,953

 

 

11,221

 

 

73,859

 

York Property deposit

 

 

 

 

50,000

 

 

50,000

 

Other assets

 

 

15,875

 

 

16,715

 

 

17,073

 

 

 



 



 



 

Total Assets

 

$

1,566,557

 

$

1,679,331

 

$

2,400,338

 

 

 



 



 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Due to consignors

 

$

341,085

 

$

411,713

 

$

752,372

 

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

 

 

67,389

 

 

101,856

 

 

130,058

 

Accrued salaries and related costs

 

 

12,383

 

 

26,713

 

 

28,710

 

Senior unsecured debt, net of unamortized discount of $79

 

 

 

 

 

 

99,921

 

Accrued income taxes

 

 

18,503

 

 

13,606

 

 

50,473

 

Deferred income taxes

 

 

1,293

 

 

1,293

 

 

 

Other current liabilities

 

 

3,717

 

 

8,611

 

 

9,693

 

 

 



 



 



 

Total Current Liabilities

 

 

444,370

 

 

563,792

 

 

1,071,227

 

 

 



 



 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long-Term Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long-term debt, net of unamortized discount of $54,451, $1,626 and $1,953

 

 

508,799

 

 

329,267

 

 

348,047

 

York Property capital lease obligation

 

 

 

 

163,808

 

 

165,555

 

Deferred gain on sale of York Property

 

 

 

 

14,859

 

 

15,424

 

Deferred income taxes

 

 

1,698

 

 

2,947

 

 

16,830

 

Accrued income taxes

 

 

14,815

 

 

13,658

 

 

7,839

 

Deferred compensation liability

 

 

31,283

 

 

31,469

 

 

36,629

 

Other liabilities

 

 

7,142

 

 

5,869

 

 

5,912

 

 

 



 



 



 

Total Liabilities

 

 

1,008,107

 

 

1,125,669

 

 

1,667,463

 

 

 



 



 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commitments and contingencies (see Note 14)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Shareholders’ Equity:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common Stock, $0.01 par value

 

 

660

 

 

672

*

 

673

*

Authorized shares at June 30, 2009—200,000,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Issued and outstanding shares—66,892,593, 67,279,925 and 67,310,491

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Additional paid-in capital

 

 

303,140

 

 

278,740

*

 

265,711

*

Retained earnings

 

 

288,537

 

 

325,478

 

 

400,409

 

Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income

 

 

(33,887

)

 

(51,228

)

 

66,082

 

 

 



 



 



 

Total Shareholders’ Equity

 

 

558,450

 

 

553,662

 

 

732,875

 

 

 



 



 



 

Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity

 

$

1,566,557

 

$

1,679,331

 

$

2,400,338

 

 

 



 



 



 

* As restated, see Note 17

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

4


SOTHEBY’S
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)
(Thousands of dollars)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Six Months Ended

 

 

 


 

 

 

June 30,
2009

 

June 30,
2008

 

 

 


 


 

Operating Activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net (loss) income

 

$

(22,311

)

$

82,939

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash used by operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization expense

 

 

10,459

 

 

12,217

 

Gain on extinguishment of debt

 

 

(1,039

)

 

 

Equity in earnings of investees

 

 

(91

)

 

(1,537

)

Deferred income tax (benefit) expense

 

 

(27,409

)

 

3,131

 

Stock compensation expense

 

 

12,066

 

 

16,755

 

Net pension benefit

 

 

(1,105

)

 

(1,695

)

Asset provisions

 

 

2,859

 

 

6,204

 

Antitrust related matters

 

 

 

 

(18,385

)

Amortization of discount on long-term debt

 

 

4,911

 

 

 

Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation

 

 

 

 

(103

)

Other

 

 

534

 

 

(1,522

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Changes in assets and liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts receivable

 

 

88,301

 

 

(184,051

)

Due to consignors

 

 

(88,641

)

 

(25,579

)

Inventory

 

 

13,696

 

 

1,978

 

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

 

 

1,960

 

 

1,539

 

Other long-term assets

 

 

(1,389

)

 

(667

)

Trust assets related to the deferred compensation liability

 

 

(1,149

)

 

(7,396

)

Settlement liabilities

 

 

 

 

(4,266

)

Income tax receivable and deferred income tax assets

 

 

12,434

 

 

(464

)

Accrued income taxes and deferred income tax liabilities

 

 

4,875

 

 

(18,932

)

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities and other liabilities

 

 

(55,027

)

 

(45,181

)

 

 



 



 

Net cash used by operating activities

 

 

(46,066

)

 

(185,015

)

 

 



 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investing Activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Funding of notes receivable and consignor advances

 

 

(53,395

)

 

(220,203

)

Collections of notes receivable and consignor advances

 

 

80,254

 

 

187,937

 

Capital expenditures

 

 

(7,449

)

 

(13,418

)

Purchase of York Property

 

 

(87,128

)

 

 

Funding of York Property deposit

 

 

 

 

(50,000

)

Acquisition, net of cash acquired

 

 

 

 

(193

)

Distributions from equity investees

 

 

850

 

 

4,389

 

Decrease in restricted cash

 

 

14,420

 

 

1,556

 

 

 



 



 

Net cash used by investing activities

 

 

(52,448

)

 

(89,932

)

 

 



 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financing Activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from revolving credit facility borrowings

 

 

 

 

140,000

 

Repayments of revolving credit facility borrowings

 

 

 

 

(140,000

)

Proceeds from 3.125% Convertible Senior Notes, net of debt issuance cost of $5,700

 

 

 

 

194,300

 

Proceeds from 7.75% Senior Notes, net of debt issuance costs and discount of $4,145

 

 

 

 

145,855

 

Repayment of 7.75% Senior Notes

 

 

(1,647

)

 

 

Premiums paid for convertible note hedges

 

 

 

 

(40,600

)

Proceeds received from sale of common stock warrants

 

 

 

 

22,300

 

Dividends paid

 

 

(13,636

)

 

(20,332

)

Decrease in York Property capital lease obligation

 

 

(49

)

 

(875

)

Proceeds from exercise of employee stock options

 

 

259

 

 

252

 

Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation

 

 

 

 

103

 

 

 



 



 

Net cash (used) provided by financing activities

 

 

(15,073

)

 

301,003

 

 

 



 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

 

 

1,502

 

 

1,134

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents

 

 

(112,085

)

 

27,190

 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

 

 

253,468

 

 

348,253

 

 

 



 



 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

 

 $

141,383

 

$

375,443

 

 

 



 



 

Supplemental information on non-cash investing and financing activities:

On February 6, 2009, Sotheby’s purchased the York Property, which was financed, in part, through the assumption of an existing $235 million mortgage (see Note 6).

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

5


SOTHEBY’S
N OTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

1. Basis of Presentation

          The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included herein have been prepared by Sotheby’s (or, together with its subsidiaries, the “Company”) pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (the “U.S.”) have been condensed or omitted from this report, as is permitted by such rules and regulations; however, management of the Company believes that the disclosures herein are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. It is suggested that these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

          Earnings per share presentation –The Company’s presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 has been retroactively adjusted as a result of the Company’s adoption of Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) Staff Position (“FSP”) No. EITF 03-6-1, “Determining Whether Instruments Granted In Share-Based Payment Transactions Are Participating Securities.” See Note 3 for further information.

          In the opinion of the management of the Company, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of the interim financial statements included herein have been made.

2. Seasonality of Business

          The worldwide art auction market has two principal selling seasons, which generally occur in the second and fourth quarters of the year. Accordingly, the Company’s auction business is seasonal, with peak revenues and operating income generally occurring in those quarters. Consequently, first and third quarter results have historically reflected a lower volume of auction activity when compared to the second and fourth quarters and, typically, a net loss due to the fixed nature of many of Sotheby’s operating expenses.

3. Earnings (Loss) Per Share

          Basic earnings per share –Basic earnings per share attributable to the Company’s common shareholders is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period and excludes net income attributable to participating securities under the two-class method in accordance with FSP No. EITF 03-6-1, “Determining Whether Instruments Granted In Share-Based Payment Transactions Are Participating Securities.” Participating securities include unvested restricted stock and unvested restricted stock units, which have nonforfeitable rights to dividends.

          Diluted earnings per share –Diluted earnings per share attributable to the Company’s common shareholders is computed in a similar manner to basic earnings per share under the two-class method, using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period and, if dilutive, potential common shares outstanding during the period. Potential common shares consist of unvested restricted stock, unvested restricted stock units, incremental common shares issuable upon the exercise of stock options and deferred stock units issued pursuant to the Sotheby’s Stock Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors. The number of such potential common shares included in the computation of diluted earnings per share is determined using the treasury stock method in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) SFAS No. 128, “Earnings per Share.”

          For the three months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, 1.7 million and 0.1 million shares, respectively, of potentially dilutive common stock were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive. For the six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, 3.2 million and 0.1 million shares, respectively, of potentially dilutive common stock were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

6


          The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 (in thousands of dollars, except per share amounts):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Six Months Ended

 

 

 


 


 

 

 

June 30,
2009

 

June 30,
2008

 

June 30,
2009

 

June 30,
2008

 

 

 


 


 


 


 

Basic :

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Numerator:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to Sotheby’s

 

$

12,181

 

$

95,334

 

$

(22,311

)

$

82,939

 

Less: Net income attributable to participating securities

 

 

471

 

 

3,782

 

 

*

 

3,327

 

 

 



 



 



 



 

Net income (loss) attributable to Sotheby’s common shareholders

 

$

11,710

 

$

91,552

 

$

(22,311

)

$

79,612

 

 

 



 



 



 



 

Denominator:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average common shares outstanding

 

 

65,207

 

 

64,663

 

 

65,079

 

 

64,529

 

 

 



 



 



 



 

Basic earnings (loss) per share - Sotheby’s common shareholders

 

$

0.18

 

$

1.42

 

$

(0.34

)

$

1.23

 

 

 



 



 



 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Diluted :

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Numerator:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to Sotheby’s

 

$

12,181

 

$

95,334

 

$

(22,311

)

$

82,939

 

Less: Net income attributable to participating securities

 

 

397

 

 

3,228

 

 

*

 

2,325

 

 

 



 



 



 



 

Net income (loss) attributable to Sotheby’s common shareholders

 

$

11,784

 

$

92,106

 

$

(22,311

)

$

80,614

 

 

 



 



 



 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Denominator:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average common shares outstanding

 

 

65,207

 

 

64,663

 

 

65,079

 

 

64,529

 

Weighted average effect of Sotheby’s dilutive potential common shares:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Restricted stock and restricted stock units

 

 

437

 

 

382

 

 

N/A

 

 

797

 

Non-employee director share deferrals

 

 

114

 

 

77

 

 

N/A

 

 

75

 

Stock options

 

 

26

 

 

268

 

 

N/A

 

 

294

 

 

 



 



 



 



 

Denominator for computation of diluted earnings (loss) per share

 

 

65,784

 

 

65,390

 

 

65,079

 

 

65,695

 

 

 



 



 



 



 

Diluted earnings (loss) per share - Sotheby’s common shareholders

 

$

0.18

 

$

1.41

 

$

(0.34

)

$

1.23

 

 

 



 



 



 



 

* In periods with a net loss, the amount of the net loss attributable to participating securities is excluded from the computation of basic and diluted loss per share.

7


          The following table summarizes the impact of adopting FSP No. EITF 03-6-1 on basic and diluted earnings per share for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 


 


 


 


 

Basic earnings per share - Sotheby’s common shareholders :

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As reported

 

$

0.44

 

$

3.34

 

$

1.77

 

 

 



 



 



 

As computed under the two-class method

 

$

0.42

 

$

3.22

 

$

1.71

 

 

 



 



 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Diluted earnings per share- Sotheby’s common shareholders:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As reported

 

$

0.43

 

$

3.25

 

$

1.72

 

 

 



 



 



 

As computed under the two-class method

 

$

0.42

 

$

3.22

 

$

1.71

 

 

 



 



 



 

8


4. Segment Reporting

          The Company’s operations are organized under three reportable segments—Auction, Finance and Dealer. The table below presents the Company’s revenues and income (loss) before taxes by segment for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three months ended June 30, 2009

 

Auction

 

Finance

 

Dealer

 

All Other

 

Reconciling
items*

 

Total

 

 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 

 

 

 

(Thousands of dollars)

 

 

Revenues

 

$

151,007

 

$

3,054

 

$

13,055

 

$

1,014

 

$

(809

)

$

167,321

 

 

Segment income (loss)

 

$

33,777

 

$

2,255

 

$

(445

)

$

496

 

$

(370

)

$

35,713

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three months ended June 30, 2008

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues

 

$

290,393

 

$

4,816

 

$

24,791

 

$

1,327

 

$

(1,166

)

$

320,161

 

 

Segment income (loss)

 

$

124,776

 

$

1,330

 

$

(3,014

)

$

209

 

$

17,839

 

$

141,140

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Six months ended June 30, 2009

 

Auction

 

Finance

 

Dealer

 

All Other

 

Reconciling
items*

 

Total

 

 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 

 

 

 

(Thousands of dollars)

 

 

Revenues

 

$

196,985

 

$

5,958

 

$

17,801

 

$

2,299

 

$

(1,294

)

$

221,749

 

 

Segment (loss) income

 

$

(29,767

)

$

3,786

 

$

(6,964

)

$

1,100

 

$

865

 

$

(30,980

)


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Six months ended June 30, 2008

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues

 

$

398,331

 

$

9,020

 

$

41,476

 

$

2,453

 

$

(1,858

)

$

449,422

 

 

Segment income (loss)

 

$

105,110

 

$

2,426

 

$

(3,431

)

$

321

 

$

15,589

 

$

120,015

 


 

 

 

 

*

The reconciling items related to Revenues represent charges between the Finance and Auction segments for certain client loans. Such charges, which are eliminated in consolidation, are recorded in Finance segment Revenues and in Auction segment Direct Costs. The reconciling items related to segment income (loss) are explained in the table below, which presents income (loss) before taxes for the Company’s segments, as well as a reconciliation of segment income (loss) before taxes to consolidated Income (Loss) Before Taxes for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008.


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three Months Ended June
30,

 

Six Months Ended
June 30,

 

 

 


 


 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

2009

 

2008

 

 

 


 


 


 


 

 

 

(Thousands of dollars)

 

Reportable Segments :

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Auction

 

$

33,777

 

$

124,776

 

$

(29,767

)

$

105,110

 

Finance

 

 

2,255

 

 

1,330

 

 

3,786

 

 

2,426

 

Dealer

 

 

(445

)

 

(3,014

)

 

(6,964

)

 

(3,431

)

All Other

 

 

496

 

 

209

 

 

1,100

 

 

321

 

 

 



 



 



 



 

Segment income (loss) before taxes

 

 

36,083

 

 

123,301

 

 

(31,845

)

 

104,426

 

Unallocated amounts and reconciling items:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Extinguishment of debt (see Note 10)

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,039

 

 

 

Equity in earnings of investees**

 

 

(370

)

 

(546

)

 

(174

)

 

(2,796

)

Antitrust related matters (see Note 13)

 

 

 

 

18,385

 

 

 

 

18,385

 

 

 



 



 



 



 

Income (loss) before taxes

 

$

35,713

 

$

141,140

 

$

(30,980

)

$

120,015

 

 

 



 



 



 



 


 

 

 

 

**

Represents the Company’s pre-tax share of earnings related to its equity investees. Such amounts are included in the table above in loss before taxes for the Dealer segment, but are presented net of taxes in the Condensed Consolidated Income Statements.

9


          The table below presents assets for the Company’s reportable segments, as well as a reconciliation of segment assets to consolidated assets as of June 30, 2009, December 31, 2008 and June 30, 2008.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

June 30, 2009

 

December 31,
2008

 

June 30, 2008

 

 

 


 


 


 

 

 

(Thousands of dollars)

 

Reportable Segments :

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Auction

 

$

1,195,874

 

$

1,258,468

 

$

1,949,832

 

Finance

 

 

155,736

 

 

182,976

 

 

207,081

 

Dealer

 

 

99,854

 

 

119,320

 

 

148,971

 

All Other

 

 

124

 

 

153

 

 

355

 

 

 



 



 



 

Total segment assets

 

 

1,451,588

 

 

1,560,917

 

 

2,306,239

 

Unallocated amounts:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Deferred tax assets and income tax receivable

 

 

114,969

 

 

118,414

 

 

94,099

 

 

 



 



 



 

Consolidated Assets

 

$

1,566,557

 

$

1,679,331

 

$

2,400,338

 

 

 



 



 



 

5. Receivables

          Accounts Receivable —In its role as auctioneer, the Company generally functions as an agent accepting property on consignment from its selling clients. The Company bills the buyer for property purchased, receives payment from the buyer and remits to the consignor the consignor’s portion of the buyer’s payment after deducting the Company’s commissions, expenses, applicable taxes and royalties. The amounts billed to buyers are recorded as Accounts Receivable in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

          Under the Company’s standard payment terms, payments from purchasers are due within 30 days from the sale date and consignor payments are made 35 days from the sale date. However, for specific collecting categories, extended payment terms are provided to buyers who are well-known to the Company in order to support and market a sale. Such terms typically extend the payment due date from 30 days to a date that is no greater than one year from the sale date. When providing extended payment terms, the Company attempts to match the timing of receipt from the buyer with payment to the consignor, but is not always successful in doing so.

          Under the standard terms and conditions of its auction sales, the Company is not obligated to pay consignors for items that have not been paid for by purchasers. If a purchaser defaults on payment, the Company has the right to cancel the sale and return the property to the owner, re-offer the property at a future auction or negotiate a private sale. However, at times, the Company may pay the consignor before payment is received from the buyer and/or may allow the buyer to take possession of the property before payment is made. In these situations, the Company is liable to the consignor for the net sale proceeds whether or not the buyer makes payment. As of June 30, 2009, net Accounts Receivable included $93.6 million related to situations when the Company has allowed the buyer to take possession of the property before payment is made. As of June 30, 2009, net Accounts Receivable included $60.9 million related to situations when the Company has paid the consignor before payment is received from the buyer and has allowed the buyer to take possession of the property.

          Management believes that adequate allowances have been established to provide for potential losses on any uncollected amounts.

          Notes Receivable and Consignor Advances —The Finance segment provides certain collectors and art dealers with financing, generally secured by works of art that the Company either has in its possession or permits borrowers to possess. The Finance segment’s loans are predominantly variable interest rate loans. As such, the carrying value of these loans approximates fair value.

          The Finance segment generally makes two types of secured loans: (1) advances secured by consigned property to borrowers who are contractually committed, in the near term, to sell the property at auction (a “consignor advance”); and (2) general purpose term loans to collectors or art dealers secured by property not presently intended for sale (a “term loan”). A consignor advance allows a consignor to receive funds shortly after consignment for an auction that will occur several weeks or months in the future, while preserving for the benefit of the consignor the potential of the auction process. Term loans allow the Company to establish or enhance mutually beneficial relationships with art dealers and collectors and sometimes result in auction consignments. Secured loans are made with full recourse against the borrower. To the extent that the Company is looking wholly or partially to collateral for repayment of its loans, repayment can be adversely impacted by a decline in the art market in general or in the value of the particular collateral. In addition, in situations where a borrower becomes subject to bankruptcy or insolvency laws, the Company’s ability to realize on its collateral may be limited or delayed by the application of such laws.

          The target loan-to-value ratio (principal loan amount divided by the low auction estimate of the collateral) for Finance segment secured loans is 50% or lower. However, certain Finance segment loans are made at initial loan-to-value ratios higher than 50%. In addition, as a result of the Company’s normal periodic revaluation of loan collateral, the loan-to-value ratio of certain loans may increase above the 50% target loan-to-value ratio due to decreases in the low auction estimates of the collateral. As of June 30,

10


2009, Finance segment loans with loan-to-value ratios above 50% totaled $64.7 million and represented 42% of net Notes Receivable and Consignor Advances. The collateral related to such loans has a low auction estimate of approximately $99.8 million.

          As of June 30, 2009, one term loan of $20.7 million (collateralized by works of art with a low auction estimate of approximately $55.2 million) and one consignor advance of $18.5 million (collateralized by works of art with a low auction estimate of approximately $56.5 million) comprised approximately 13.4% and 11.9%, respectively, of the net Notes Receivable and Consignor Advances balance.

          As of June 30, 2009, December 31, 2008 and June 30, 2008, Notes Receivable and Consignor Advances consisted of the following:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

June 30, 2009

 

December 31,
2008

 

June 30, 2008

 

 

 


 


 


 

 

 

(Thousands of dollars)

 

Current :

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Consignor advances

 

$

30,291

 

$

34,884

 

$

48,354

 

Term loans

 

 

30,087

 

 

118,553

 

 

70,317

 

Allowance for credit losses

 

 

(1,127

)

 

(1,213

)

 

(1,036

)

 

 



 



 



 

Sub-total

 

 

59,251

 

 

152,224

 

 

117,635

 

 

 



 



 



 

Non-Current :

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Consignor advances

 

 

27,076

 

 

698

 

 

 

Term loans

 

 

68,788

 

 

23,970

 

 

94,445

 

 

 



 



 



 

Sub-total

 

 

95,864

 

 

24,668

 

 

94,445

 

 

 



 



 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Notes receivable and consignor advances (net)

 

$

155,115

 

$

176,892

 

$

212,080

 

 

 



 



 



 

          The weighted average interest rates earned on Notes Receivable and Consignor Advances were 5.4% and 5.1% for the three months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively, and 5.5% for the six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008.

6. York Property

          The land and building located at 1334 York Avenue, New York, N.Y. (the “York Property”) is home to the Company’s sole North American auction salesroom and its principal North American exhibition space. On February 7, 2003, the Company sold the York Property to an affiliate of RFR Holding Corp. (“RFR”). In conjunction with this sale, the Company leased the York Property back from RFR for an initial 20-year term, with options for the Company to extend the lease for two additional 10-year terms. The resulting lease was accounted for as a capital lease, with the related asset being amortized over the initial 20-year lease term.

          On January 11, 2008, the Company entered into a contract to reacquire the York Property from RFR for a purchase price of $370 million (the “Purchase and Sale Agreement”). The Company also agreed to give the principals of RFR certain terms for future sales of works of art at Sotheby’s auctions. Management has estimated the value of these terms to be approximately $3.8 million. The sale of the York Property was originally scheduled to take place on July 1, 2009, subject to RFR’s right under the Purchase and Sale Agreement to accelerate the closing to an earlier date. On November 21, 2008, RFR exercised its right to accelerate the closing, which occurred on February 6, 2009.

          The Company financed the $370 million purchase price through an initial $50 million cash payment made in conjunction with the signing of the Purchase and Sale Agreement on January 11, 2008, an $85 million cash payment made at closing on February 6, 2009 and the assumption of an existing $235 million mortgage on the York Property (the “York Property Mortgage”).

          The York Property Mortgage matures on July 1, 2035, with an optional pre-payment date of July 1, 2015, and bears an annual rate of interest of approximately 5.6%, which increases subsequent to July 1, 2015. It is the Company’s current intention to pre-pay the mortgage on or about July 1, 2015. In conjunction with the final accounting for the York Property purchase in the first quarter of 2009, the Company recorded the York Property Mortgage at its $212.1 million fair value. The fair value of the York Property Mortgage was computed using a discounted cash flow approach based on a market rate of interest, which was estimated by management. The resulting $22.9 million debt discount is being amortized to interest expense over the remaining expected term of the loan. The Company paid fees of $2.4 million in conjunction with the assumption of the York Property Mortgage, which are also being amortized to interest expense over the remaining expected term of the loan. As of June 30, 2009, the $213.6 million carrying amount of the York Property Mortgage approximates its fair value.

11


          As a result of the closing of the transaction on February 6, 2009, the existing capital lease obligation of $167 million, which had an effective interest rate of 10.4%, and the related $122 million net capital lease asset, as well as a $16 million deferred gain related to the sale of the York Property in 2003 were derecognized and the net effect was deducted from the initial carrying value of the York Property. Accordingly, the land and building acquired in conjunction with the purchase of the York Property was recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at an initial carrying value of approximately $292.3 million in the first quarter of 2009, computed as follows (in thousands of dollars):

 

 

 

 

 

Fair value of York Property Mortgage

 

$

212,130

 

Cash payments (including direct transaction costs)

 

 

137,480

 

Fair value of consignment terms

 

 

3,750

 

Derecognition of net capital lease obligation

 

 

(45,171

)

Derecognition of deferred gain

 

 

(15,894

)

 

 



 

Initial carrying value of York Property

 

$

292,295

 

 

 



 

          The York Property and its related mortgage are held by 1334 York, LLC, a separate legal entity of the Company that maintains its own books and records and whose results are ultimately consolidated into the Company’s financial statements. The assets of 1334 York, LLC are not available to satisfy the debts and obligations of its affiliates or any other entity.

7. Goodwill

          Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price paid over the fair value of net assets acquired in a business combination. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested annually for impairment (as of October 31 st ) at the reporting unit level and whenever events or circumstances indicate impairment may exist. An impairment loss is recognized for any amount by which the carrying amount of a reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds its fair value. Fair values are established using a discounted cash flow methodology.

          For the six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, changes in the carrying value of Goodwill were as follows (in thousands of dollars):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Six Months Ended June 30, 2009

 

Six Months Ended June 30, 2008

 

 

 


 


 

 

 

Auction

 

Dealer

 

Total

 

Auction

 

Dealer

 

Total

 

 

 


 


 


 


 


 


 

Balance as of January 1

 

$

14,202

 

$

 

$

14,202

 

$

15,920

 

$

12,160

 

$

28,080

 

Goodwill acquired

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

710

 

 

 

 

710

 

Allocation of purchase price

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(2,212

)

 

 

 

(2,212

)

Foreign currency exchange rate changes

 

 

437

 

 

 

 

437

 

 

320

 

 

904

 

 

1,224

 

 

 









 









 

Balance as of June 30

 

$

14,639

 

$

 

$

14,639

 

$

14,738

 

$

13,064

 

$

27,802

 

 

 









 









 

          The Dealer segment Goodwill as of June 30, 2008 was solely attributable to the Noortman Master Paintings (“NMP”) reporting unit, which was acquired by the Company in June 2006. The Company performed its latest annual impairment test for Goodwill as of October 31, 2008 and, based on the results of this test, recognized an impairment loss of $11.1 million in the fourth quarter of 2008, eliminating the remainder of NMP’s goodwill. This impairment loss was principally due to a reduction in management’s future cash flow estimates for NMP.

          In March 2007, the Company acquired an auction house in Paris, France for a purchase price of $1.7 million (net of $3 million in cash acquired) and, as a result, recognized Goodwill of approximately $0.7 million in the first quarter of 2008 upon the completion of the valuation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. (See Note 8 for information on the intangible asset acquired as part of this acquisition.)

12


8. Intangible Assets

          As of June 30, 2009, December 31, 2008 and June 30, 2008, Intangible Assets consisted of the following (in thousands of dollars):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

June 30,
2009

 

December 31,
2008

 

June 30,
2008

 

 

 


 


 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Indefinite lived intangible assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trade Name and other

 

$

324

 

$

324

 

$

2,771

 

Amortizable intangible assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Customer Relationships

 

 

6,639

 

 

6,559

 

 

7,653

 

Accumulated amortization

 

 

(4,340

)

 

(3,412

)

 

(2,992

)

 

 



 



 



 

Sub-total

 

 

2,299

 

 

3,147

 

 

4,661

 

 

 



 



 



 

Total

 

$

2,623

 

$

3,471

 

$

7,432

 

 

 



 



 



 

          The Company’s intangible assets were primarily purchased in conjunction with the acquisitions of Noortman Master Paintings and an auction house in Paris, France (see Note 7).

          The Company performed its annual impairment test for indefinite lived intangible assets as of October 31, 2008 and, based on the results of this test, determined that the NMP trade name was impaired and recorded an impairment loss of $2.1 million in the fourth quarter of 2008. This impairment loss was principally due to a reduction in management’s future cash flow estimates for NMP.

          For the three months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, amortization expense related to Intangible Assets was approximately $0.4 million and $0.5 million, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2009, amortization expense related to Intangible Assets was approximately $0.8 million and $1.3 million, respectively. Estimated amortization expense to be recognized over the remaining useful lives of the customer relationships is as follows (in thousands of dollars):

 

 

 

 

 

July-December 2009

 

$

876

 

2010

 

 

930

 

2011

 

 

344

 

2012

 

 

149

 

 

 



 

Total

 

$

2,299

 

 

 



 

          The estimated weighted average remaining useful life of the Company’s customer relationships is approximately 1.7 years.

9. Restructuring Plans and Related Charges

          For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, the Company incurred net Restructuring Charges of $4.8 million and $10.5 million, respectively, related to the restructuring plans described below.

          2008 Restructuring Plan —Due to the downturn in the global economy and international art market that began in September 2008, on December 1, 2008 and February 26, 2009, the Company’s Board of Directors approved restructuring plans impacting the Auction segment in North America, the United Kingdom (the “U.K.”) and Continental Europe, as well as certain corporate departments. These restructuring plans (collectively, the “2008 Restructuring Plan”) are the result of a strategic review of the Company’s operations conducted by management between November 2008 and February 2009. The 2008 Restructuring Plan contemplates a 15% decrease in global headcount, a reduction in the Company’s selling activities and leased premises in Amsterdam and the vacating of other premises principally in the U.K. in connection with a reorganization of the Company’s European operations.

13


          For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, net Restructuring Charges incurred as a result of the 2008 Restructuring Plan totaled $1.3 million and $7 million, respectively, and consisted of the following (in thousands of dollars):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three Months Ended
June 30, 2009

 

Six Months Ended
June 30, 2009

 

 

 


 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Severance and employee termination benefits

 

$

(43

)

$

5,530

 

Facility related costs

 

 

1,235

 

 

1,235

 

Other costs

 

 

129

 

 

272

 

 

 



 



 

Total

 

$

1,321

 

$

7,037

 

 

 



 



 

          The $1.2 million in facility related costs included in net Restructuring Charges for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 represents the future rental costs related to a leased facility in the U.K. that will continue to be incurred subsequent to the June 30, 2009 cease use date and through the lease termination date in December 2009.

          From the fourth quarter of 2008 through June 30, 2009, life-to-date net Restructuring Charges incurred as a result of the 2008 Restructuring Plan totaled $11.3 million, consisting of $9.8 million in severance and employee termination costs, $1.2 million in facility related costs and $0.3 million in other restructuring related costs.

          As of June 30, 2009, the liability related to the 2008 Restructuring Plan was $4.9 million and is recorded within Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. Almost this entire amount is expected to be paid by December 31, 2009. Amounts charged to the restructuring liability related to the 2008 Restructuring Plan and any related payments through June 30, 2009 were as follows (in thousands of dollars):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Severance
and Employee
Termination Benefits

 

Facilty Related
Costs

 

Other
Costs

 

Total

 

 

 


 


 


 


 

Liability at January 1, 2008

 

$

4,312

 

$

 

$

 

$

4,312

 

2009 charges

 

 

5,484

 

 

1,235

 

 

272

 

 

6,991

 

Cash payments

 

 

(6,068

)

 

(504

)

 

(236

)

 

(6,809

)

Adjustments to liability

 

 

46

 

 

 

 

 

 

46

 

Foreign currency exchange rate changes

 

 

312

 

 

85

 

 

2

 

 

399

 

 

 



 



 



 



 

Balance at June 30, 2009

 

$

4,086

 

$

816

 

$

38

 

$

4,940

 

 

 



 



 



 



 

          2009 Restructuring Plan —In March and April 2009, in response to the continued downturn in the global economy and the international art market, management conducted a further strategic review of its operations, and on April 27, 2009, the Executive Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors approved another restructuring plan (the “2009 Restructuring Plan”) impacting all areas of the Company’s global operations with the goal of additional significant cost reductions to be achieved through a further 5% decrease in global headcount. As a result of the adoption of the 2009 Restructuring Plan, the Company recorded net Restructuring Charges of $3.6 million for severance and employee termination benefits in the second quarter of 2009.

14


          As of June 30, 2009, the liability related to the 2009 Restructuring Plan was $2.1 million and is recorded within Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. Almost this entire amount is expected to be paid by December 31, 2009. Amounts charged to the restructuring liability related to the 2009 Restructuring Plan and any related payments through June 30, 2009 were as follows (in thousands of dollars):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Severance
and Employee
Termination Benefits

 

Other
Costs

 

Total

 

 

 


 


 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2009 charges

 

$

3,479

 

$

3

 

$

3,482

 

Cash payments

 

 

(1,623

)

 

(3

)

 

(1,626

)

Foreign currency exchange rate changes

 

 

204

 

 

 

 

204

 

 

 



 



 



 

Balance at June 30, 2009

 

$

2,060

 

$

 

$

2,060

 

 

 



 



 



 

10. Debt

          Bank Credit Facility —The Company has a $150 million senior secured credit agreement with a syndicate of lenders arranged by Bank of America Securities N.A. (“BofA”) (the “BofA Credit Agreement”) that expires on September 7, 2010. The borrowing capacity under the BofA Credit Agreement is limited to a borrowing base, which is summarized below. As of June 30, 2009, there were no outstanding borrowings under the BofA Credit Agreement, and the borrowing capacity was approximately $87 million, as calculated under the borrowing base.

          Borrowings under the BofA Credit Agreement are secured by substantially all of the non-real estate assets of the Company’s subsidiaries in the U.S. and the U.K. Additionally, the BofA Credit Agreement contains financial covenants which limit capital expenditures and dividend payments and which require the Company to maintain certain financial covenants, as discussed below. The BofA Credit Agreement also has certain non-financial covenants and restrictions. Management believes that the Company is in compliance with the current financial and non-financial covenants and restrictions under the BofA Credit Agreement discussed below.

          As disclosed in the Company’s Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2009, due to the downturn in the global economy and the international art market, it was likely that the Company would not meet certain of the financial covenants in the BofA Credit Agreement as of June 30, 2009. The Company also disclosed that management had commenced discussions regarding waivers and/or amendments to the BofA Credit Agreement, which would allow the Company to meet its financial covenants. Effective June 26, 2009, the BofA Credit Agreement was amended to provide for the following:

 

 

 

 

 

 

A waiver of the leverage ratio covenant for the twelve months ended June 30, 2009, September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2009. In the first quarter of 2010, the leverage ratio covenant will revert to current levels for the remaining term of the BofA Credit Agreement.

 

 

 

 

 

 

A waiver of the interest coverage ratio covenant for the twelve months ended June 30, 2009, September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2009. In the first quarter of 2010, the interest coverage ratio covenant will revert to current levels for the remaining term of the BofA Credit Agreement.

 

 

 

 

 

 

The addition of a consolidated senior secured leverage ratio. For the twelve months ended June 30, 2009, September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2009, the consolidated senior secured leverage ratio (as defined below) may not exceed 2.50:1.00.

 

 

 

 

 

 

The addition of a minimum consolidated EBITDA covenant. Consolidated EBITDA may not be less than (a) $47 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2009, (b) ($36 million) for the quarter ended September 30, 2009, and (c) $85 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2009.

 

 

 

 

 

 

An increase in the interest rate charged on outstanding borrowings, which will now be LIBOR plus a margin of 5.5%. Prior to this amendment, the interest rate charged on outstanding borrowings was LIBOR plus a margin between 3.25% and 4.5%, determined by reference to the Company’s leverage ratio.

15


 

 

 

 

 

 

An increase in commitment fees on undrawn amounts available under the BofA Credit Agreement, which will now be 0.875% per annum. Prior to this amendment, the commitment fees on undrawn amounts were between 0.625% and 0.875%, determined by reference to the Company’s leverage ratio.

 

 

 

 

 

 

A reduction in the total borrowing capacity from $250 million to $150 million.

 

 

 

 

 

 

A borrowing base equal to 85% of eligible loans (as defined below) made by the Company in the U.S. and the U.K., plus 15% of the Company’s inventory in the U.S. and the U.K. Prior to this amendment, the borrowing base was equal to 100% of eligible loans (as defined below) made by the Company in the U.S. and the U.K. plus 15% of the Company’s net tangible assets.

 

 

 

 

 

As defined in the amendment:

 

 

 

 

 

 

“Consolidated senior secured leverage ratio” means the ratio of (a) consolidated funded indebtedness (excluding the York Property Mortgage) as of such date that is secured by a lien on the Company’s assets to (b) consolidated EBITDA for the most recently completed measurement period.

 

 

 

 

 

 

“Eligible loans” means notes made in favor of, or loan advances made by, the Company or any of its subsidiaries in connection with their lending and financing activities. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the following notes and loan advances shall not be considered “eligible loans”: (a) any note or loan advance to the extent that such note or loan advance is secured by a lien on collateral located outside the U.S. or the U.K., (b) any note or loan advance to the extent that such note or loan advance exceeds a loan to value ratio of 60%, (c) any non-accrual note or loan advance, (d) any note or loan advance where the obligor’s obligation to pay is subject to a good faith dispute or under litigation, (e) any unsecured note or loan advance, (f) any note or loan advance where the obligor thereon is an employee, (g) any note or loan advance with a final maturity date longer than one and one half years from the date of calculation, and (h) any note or loan advance that is subject to a lien other than any lien created in connection with the BofA Credit Agreement.

          As a result of the June 2009 amendment to the BofA Credit Agreement, the Company incurred upfront fees of approximately $1.5 million, which are being amortized to interest expense over the remaining term of the BofA Credit Agreement, which runs through September 2010. Also, principally as a result of the June 2009 amendment, in the second quarter of 2009, the Company recorded a $1.3 million charge in Other Expenses related to the partial write-off of previous arrangement and amendment fees, which no longer represent a future economic benefit to the Company.

          Long-Term Debt —As of June 30, 2009, December 31, 2008 and June 30, 2008, long-term debt, net of unamortized discount, consisted of the following:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

June 30, 2009

 

December 31, 2008

 

June 30, 2008

 

 

 


 


 


 

 

 

(Thousands of dollars)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

York Property Mortgage, net of unamortized discount of $21,385

 

$

213,615

 

$

 

$

 

7.75% Senior Notes, net of unamortized discount of $1,603, $1,626 and $1,953

 

 

126,647

 

 

129,267

 

 

148,047

 

Convertible Notes, net of unamortized discount of $31,463, $0 and $0

 

 

168,537

 

 

200,000

 

 

200,000

 

 

 



 



 



 

Total

 

$

508,799

 

$

329,267

 

$

348,047

 

 

 



 



 



 

          See Note 6 for further information related to the York Property Mortgage. See the captioned sections below for information related to the Convertible Notes and the Senior Notes.

           Convertible Notes —On June 17, 2008, the Company issued $200 million aggregate principal amount of 3.125% Convertible Senior Notes, due June 15, 2013 (the “Convertible Notes”). The net proceeds from the issuance of the Convertible Notes were approximately $194.3 million, after deducting transaction costs. The Company may not redeem the Convertible Notes prior to their stated maturity date. As of June 30, 2009, the Convertible Notes had a fair value of approximately $161.2 million based on a broker quoted price.

          The reduction in the carrying value of the Convertible Notes between December 31, 2008 and June 30, 2009 is the result of the Company’s adoption on January 1, 2009 of FSP APB 14-1, “Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash upon

16


Conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement).” FSP APB 14-1 applies to convertible debt instruments that, by their stated terms, may be settled in cash (or other assets) upon conversion, including partial cash settlement, unless the embedded conversion option is required to be separately accounted for as a derivative under SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” as amended. FSP APB 14-1 requires the liability and equity components of convertible debt instruments within its scope to be separately accounted for in a manner that will reflect the entity’s nonconvertible debt borrowing rate when interest expense is recognized in subsequent periods. The resulting equity component (the conversion option) is not remeasured as long as it continues to meet the conditions for equity classification in Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) No. 00-19, “Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock.” Accordingly, on January 1, 2009, the Company recorded a debt discount of approximately $35 million and an increase to Additional Paid-In Capital of approximately $18 million (net of taxes) to reflect the conversion feature of the Convertible Notes. Also, the Company recorded a cumulative effect adjustment of approximately $2 million (net of taxes) to the January 1, 2009 balance of Retained Earnings reflecting the amortization of the debt discount between the date that the Convertible Notes were issued and the date that FSP APB 14-1 was adopted. The remaining debt discount as of June 30, 2009 is being amortized over the next four years using the effective interest rate method. As a result of the recording of the debt discount, the Convertible Notes have an effective interest rate of 7.75%.

          As of June 30, 2009, the Company evaluated the embedded conversion option in the Convertible Notes and concluded that the embedded conversion option contained within the Convertible Notes should not be accounted for separately because the conversion option is indexed to the Common Stock and is classified as shareholders’ equity. Accordingly, the embedded conversion option in the Convertible Notes has not been remeasured and remains recorded as a component of Additional Paid-in Capital.

          For the three months ended June 30, 2009, interest expense related to the Convertible Notes was approximately $3.2 million, consisting of contractual coupon interest of $1.6 million and discount amortization of $1.6 million. For the six months ended June 30, 2009, interest expense related to the Convertible Notes was approximately $6.5 million, consisting of contractual coupon interest of $3.1 million and discount amortization of $3.4 million.

          Senior Notes —On June 17, 2008, the Company issued $150 million aggregate principal amount of 7.75% Senior Notes (the “Senior Notes”), due June 15, 2015. The net proceeds from the issuance of the Senior Notes were approximately $145.9 million, after deducting the initial purchasers’ discounts and fees. The Senior Notes were issued at a discount and have an effective interest rate of 8%. Interest on the Senior Notes is payable semi-annually in cash on June 15 and December 15 of each year. As of June 30, 2009, the Senior Notes had a fair value of approximately $106.4 million based on a broker quoted price.

          On December 23, 2008, the Company repurchased an aggregate principal amount of $19 million of its Senior Notes for a purchase price of $10.5 million (representing 56% of the aggregate principal amount repurchased). This repurchase resulted in a non-cash benefit of $7.8 million, net of fees, which was recognized in 2008 and reported as Extinguishment of Debt in the Condensed Consolidated Income Statements.

          On January 27, 2009, the Company repurchased an additional $2.8 million of its Senior Notes for a purchase price of $1.6 million (representing 59% of the aggregate principal amount repurchased). This repurchase resulted in a non-cash benefit of $1 million, net of fees, which was recognized in the first quarter of 2009 and reported as Extinguishment of Debt in the Condensed Consolidated Income Statements.

           Registration Rights Agreement —The Company entered into a registration rights agreement, dated as of June 17, 2008 (the “Registration Rights Agreement”) with representatives of the initial purchasers of the Senior Notes (the “Representatives”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to consummate an offer to exchange the Senior Notes for a new issue of debt securities registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), with terms substantially identical to those of the Senior Notes (except for the provisions relating to the transfer restrictions and payment of additional interest) no later than 366 days after the date of the initial issuance of the notes. However, the Registration Rights Agreement provided that the Company would not be required to consummate the exchange offer if (i) the Senior Notes are freely tradable before the required date for the consummation of such exchange offer, and (ii) on or before such date, the restrictive legend on the Senior Notes has been removed. In May 2009, the Senior Notes became freely tradable and no longer bear the restrictive legend .

17


          Future Principal and Interest Payments —As of June 30, 2009, the aggregate future principal and interest payments due under the York Property Mortgage, the Convertible Notes and the Senior Notes are as follows (in thousands of dollars):

 

 

 

 

 

July 2009 to June 2010

 

$

29,251

 

July 2010 to June 2011

 

 

31,933

 

July 2011 to June 2012

 

 

32,194

 

July 2012 to June 2013

 

 

231,937

 

July 2013 to June 2014

 

 

25,944

 

Thereafter

 

 

373,301

 

 

 



 

Total future principal and interest payments

 

$

724,560

 

 

 



 

Interest Expense —For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, interest expense consisted of the following:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three Months Ended June
30,

 

Six Months Ended June 30,

 

 

 


 


 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

2009

 

2008

 

 

 


 


 


 


 

 

 

(Thousands of dollars)

 

Senior secured credit facility:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest expense on outstanding borrowings

 

$

 

$

420

 

$

 

$

510

 

Amortization of amendment and arrangement fees

 

 

511

 

 

184

 

 

917

 

 

368

 

Commitment fees

 

 

429

 

 

171

 

 

777

 

 

357

 

 

 



 



 



 



 

Sub-total

 

 

940

 

 

775

 

 

1,694

 

 

1,235

 

 

 



 



 



 



 

York Property capital lease obligation

 

 

 

 

4,379

 

 

1,657

 

 

8,769

 

York Property Mortgage

 

 

4,271

 

 

 

 

6,828

 

 

 

6.98% Notes (redeemed July 18, 2008)

 

 

 

 

1,744

 

 

 

 

3,488

 

Senior Notes

 

 

2,533

 

 

460

 

 

5,084

 

 

460

 

Convertible Notes

 

 

3,244

 

 

243

 

 

6,455

 

 

243

 

Other interest expense *

 

 

443

 

 

401

 

 

867

 

 

1,057

 

 

 



 



 



 



 

Total interest expense

 

$

11,431

 

$

8,002

 

$

22,585

 

$

15,252

 

 

 



 



 



 



 


 

 

*

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, other interest expense primarily consists of the amortization of debt issuance costs related to the Senior Notes and Convertible Notes. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, other interest expense principally relates to the amortization of the discount on a note payable related to the acquisition of NMP in June 2006.

11. Deferred Compensation Plan

          Through December 31, 2006, the Company had an unfunded deferred compensation plan, the Sotheby’s, Inc. 2005 Benefit Equalization Plan (the “2005 BEP”), which was available to certain officers of the Company for whom contributions to its qualified defined contribution retirement plan for its U.S. employees were limited by Internal Revenue Service regulations. On December 7, 2006, the Company adopted the Sotheby’s Deferred Compensation Plan (the “DCP”), effective January 1, 2007. The DCP replaced the 2005 BEP and its predecessor, the Sotheby’s, Inc. 1988 Benefit Equalization Plan. The DCP incorporates best practice features of contemporary non-qualified plans, including providing participants with a broad menu of investment crediting options which track a portfolio of various deemed investment funds. Employee deferrals and Company contributions to the DCP are informally funded into a rabbi trust which provides benefit security by sheltering assets in the event of a change-in-control of the Company and certain other situations. DCP liabilities are financed through the trust using Company-owned variable life insurance, as well as other investments.

          As of June 30, 2009, December 31, 2008 and June 30, 2008, the DCP liability totaled $31.3 million, $31.5 million and $36.6 million, respectively, and the assets held in the rabbi trust totaled $34.3 million, $33.2 million and $40 million, respectively. Changes in the DCP liability resulting from gains (which increase the DCP liability) and losses (which decrease the DCP liability) in deemed participant investments are recognized currently in the Condensed Consolidated Income Statements within Salaries and Related Costs. For the three months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, net gains in deemed participant investments totaled $1.9 million and $0.1 million, respectively, thereby increasing Salaries and Related Costs by these amounts. For the six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, net gains (losses) in deemed participant investments totaled $1.1 million and ($0.8) million, respectively, thereby increasing (reducing) Salaries and Related Costs by these amounts.

          As of June 30, 2009, December 31, 2008 and June 30, 2008, trust assets included $4.8 million, $14.4 million and $17.2 million, respectively, of investments that are classified as trading securities and reflected at fair value in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets within Trust Assets Related to Deferred Compensation Liability. As of June 30, 2009, December 31, 2008 and June 30, 2008, trust assets included $29.5 million, $18.8 million and $22.8 million, respectively, in Company-owned variable life

18


insurance, which is reflected at cash surrender value in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets within Trust Assets Related to Deferred Compensation Liability.

          Gains and losses resulting from changes in the fair value of the trading securities and the cash surrender value of the Company-owned variable life insurance are recognized currently in the Condensed Consolidated Income Statements below Operating Income (Loss) within Other Expense. For the three months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, the Condensed Consolidated Income Statements include net gains of $2 million and $1.6 million, respectively, resulting from increases in the fair value of the trading securities and the cash surrender value of the Company-owned variable life insurance. For the six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, the Condensed Consolidated Income Statements include net gains of $0.6 million and $0.8 million, respectively, resulting from increases in the fair value of the trading securities and the cash surrender value of the Company-owned variable life insurance. Additionally, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, the increase in the fair value of the Company-owned variable life insurance includes a $1.8 million life insurance benefit recognized as the result of the death of a DCP participant.

12. U.K. Defined Benefit Pension Plan

          The Company sponsors a defined benefit pension plan covering a portion of its U.K. employees. Effective April 1, 2004, the U.K. defined benefit pension plan was closed to new employees. From that date, a defined contribution plan was made available to new employees in the U.K.

          In February 2008, the Company agreed with the trustees of the U.K. defined benefit pension plan to cease advance funding of future discretionary benefit increases to retirees. As a result, an updated actuarial valuation was prepared as of February 29, 2008 reflecting this change. On an annual basis, the Company, in consultation with the trustees, determines an appropriate level of funding of discretionary benefit increases to retirees for that particular year depending on specific objective criteria related to the financial status of the Company and the U.K. defined benefit pension plan. In addition to this change, a number of the other actuarial assumptions for the U.K. defined benefit pension plan were updated to reflect current market conditions as of February 29, 2008.

          For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, the components of net pension benefit related to the Company’s U.K. defined benefit pension plan were:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three Months Ended
June 30,

 

Six Months Ended
June 30,

 

 

 


 


 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

2009

 

2008

 

 

 


 


 


 


 

 

 

(Thousands of dollars)

 

 

 

 

 

Service cost

 

$

951

 

$

1,198

 

$

1,835

 

$

2,640

 

Interest cost

 

 

3,047

 

 

3,908

 

 

5,881

 

 

8,202

 

Expected return on plan assets

 

 

(4,663

)

 

(6,413

)

 

(9,000

)

 

(12,622

)

Amortization of actuarial loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

78

 

Amortization of prior service cost

 

 

3

 

 

4

 

 

6

 

 

7

 

Special termination benefits*

 

 

173

 

 

 

 

173

 

 

 

 

 



 



 



 



 

Net pension benefit

 

$

(489

)

$

(1,303

)

$

(1,105

)

$

(1,695

)

 

 



 



 



 



 


 

 

*

Special termination benefits represent pension benefits owed to certain participants in the U.K. defined benefit pension plan who were impacted by the 2009 Restructuring Plan (see Note 9). The cost of such benefits are reflected in the Condensed Consolidated Income Statements within Restructuring Charges (net).

          For the year ending December 31, 2009, prior service cost of approximately $8 thousand, net of taxes, is expected to be recognized as a component of the net pension benefit for the year. Accordingly, Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income will be reduced by this amount.

          For the year ended December 31, 2009, the Company expects to contribute approximately $3.7 million to the Company’s U.K. defined benefit pension plan, of which $1.8 million was contributed as of June 30, 2009.

13. Antitrust Related Matters

          In April 1997, the U.S. Department of Justice (the “DOJ”) began an investigation of certain art dealers and major auction houses, including the Company and its principal competitor, Christie’s International, PLC (“Christie’s”). In October 2000, the Company pled guilty to a violation of U.S. antitrust laws in connection with a conspiracy to fix auction commission rates charged to sellers in the U.S. and elsewhere.

          In conjunction with the settlement of certain civil litigation related to the investigation by the DOJ, in May 2003, the Company and Christie’s issued to the class of plaintiffs vendor’s commission discount certificates (“Discount Certificates”) with a

19


face value of $125 million, of which the Company was responsible for funding the redemption of $62.5 million. The court determined that $62.5 million face value had a fair value of not less than $50 million, which is the amount of expense that was recognized by the Company as a Special Charge in the third quarter of 2000. The $12.5 million discount on the face value of the Discount Certificates was amortized to interest expense over the four-year period between the date of issuance and May 15, 2007, the date after which any unused Discount Certificates were redeemable for cash.

          The Discount Certificates were fully redeemable in connection with any auction conducted by the Company or Christie’s in the U.S. or in the U.K. and were able to be used to satisfy consignment charges involving vendor’s commission, risk of loss and/or catalogue illustration. Additionally, any unused Discount Certificates were redeemable for cash at their face value at any time between May 15, 2007 and May 14, 2008.

          The Discount Certificates expired on May 14, 2008 and thereafter could no longer be redeemed. As a result of the expiration of the Discount Certificates, the Company reversed the remaining related liability and recognized an income statement benefit of $18.4 million in the second quarter of 2008.

14. Commitments and Contingencies

          Employment Arrangements —As of June 30, 2009, the Company had employment arrangements with certain senior employees, which expire at various points between July 2009 and February 2012. Such arrangements provide, among other benefits, for minimum salary levels and for incentive compensation under the Company’s incentive compensation programs which are payable only if specified Company and individual goals are attained. Additionally, certain of these arrangements provide annual equity grants, the accelerated vesting of certain equity grants, severance payments, other cash compensation and continuation of benefits upon termination of employment under certain circumstances. The aggregate remaining commitment for salaries and other cash compensation related to these employment arrangements, excluding any participation in the Company’s incentive compensation programs and equity grants, was approximately $12.9 million as of June 30, 2009.

           Lending Commitments —The Company enters into legally binding arrangements to lend, primarily on a collateralized basis and subject to certain limitations and conditions, to potential consignors and other individuals who have collections of fine art or other objects. Unfunded commitments to extend additional credit were $1.1 million at June 30, 2009, of which $1 million was committed to an employee of the Company.

          Legal Actions —The Company is involved from time to time in claims, proceedings and litigation, including the matters described below:

 

 

 

 

 

Sotheby’s Inc. v. Halsey Minor is an action commenced by a subsidiary of the Company in September 2008 in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York, seeking to collect approximately $18 million for three paintings that Mr. Minor purchased in auctions conducted by Sotheby’s in the spring of 2008. Mr. Minor filed a counterclaim in that action alleging that Sotheby’s had failed to disclose that the consignor of one of those paintings had an outstanding loan from Sotheby’s and asserting that the sale should, therefore, be rescinded or the price of the painting reduced. The counterclaim also asserted breaches of fiduciary duties arising from alleged art consulting advice provided to Mr. Minor by a Sotheby’s employee. In October 2008, Mr. Minor commenced a separate action in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California seeking recovery for alleged losses on behalf of a purported class of purchasers of properties that were subject to alleged undisclosed loans from Sotheby’s. The California action that Mr. Minor had commenced against Sotheby’s has been dismissed. In April 2009, Mr. Minor filed a motion in the New York action seeking to amend his answer and counterclaim to (i) broaden his rescission claim to cover an additional painting, (ii) add a claim for damages and (iii) seek injunctive relief. In May 2009, the Company opposed that motion and, in addition, moved for summary judgment against certain of Mr. Minor’s claims. In July 2009, the Company moved for summary judgment against the remainder of Mr. Minor’s claims, and Mr. Minor moved for summary judgment in favor of certain of his claims. While it is not possible to predict the outcome of litigation, management believes that there are meritorious defenses to the claims asserted in the counterclaim to the New York action and that they will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated results of operations, financial condition and/or cash flows. This counterclaim is being vigorously defended.

 

 

 

 

 

Italian Antitrust Matter —In October 2008, the Italian Antitrust Authority commenced an investigation of Italian auction houses and an Italian auction house trade association seeking evidence of practices that reduce competition, particularly in respect of the sale of modest value works of art. The Company’s subsidiary, Sotheby’s Italia S.r.l., fully cooperated with the investigation and has been advised by the Italian Antitrust Authority that the investigation has been completed. While it is not possible to predict whether any further action will be taken by the Italian Antitrust Authority, management does not believe that this matter will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated results of operations, financial condition and/or cash flows.

20


          The Company becomes involved in various other claims and lawsuits incidental to the ordinary course of its business. Management does not believe that the outcome of any of these pending claims or proceedings will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated results of operations, financial condition and/or cash flows.

          Noortman Master Paintings —On June 7, 2006, the Company entered into a sale and purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Arcimboldo S.A. (“Arcimboldo”) pursuant to which the Company acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of NMP. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Company paid initial consideration (the “Initial Consideration”) in the form of 1,946,849 shares of Sotheby’s Common Stock. If NMP fails to achieve a minimum level of financial performance during the five years following the closing of the transaction, up to 20% of the Initial Consideration will be transferred back to the Company.

          In addition to the Initial Consideration, an additional 486,712 shares of Sotheby’s Common Stock (the “Additional Consideration”) was issued and placed in escrow, to be released only if NMP achieves certain targeted performance and service criteria specified in the Purchase Agreement during the five years following the closing of the transaction. Based on the closing price of Sotheby’s Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange of $14.10 per share on July 29, 2009, the Additional Consideration had a fair value of approximately $6.9 million. The Additional Consideration is being held in escrow pursuant to an escrow agreement among the parties to the Purchase Agreement and LaSalle Bank N.A., dated June 7, 2006.

           Other contingencies —The Company has guaranteed to a consignor the collection of approximately $9.3 million in sales proceeds related to property sold at auction in June 2009. As of August 5, 2009, the Company has collected approximately $2.2 million from the purchasers and expects to collect the remaining balance by the end of 2009 based upon the long-standing relationships and payment history with these purchasers.

          (See Notes 10 and 19 for other commitments. See Notes 15 and 19 for other contingencies.)

15. Auction Guarantees

          From time to time in the ordinary course of its business, the Company will guarantee to consignors a minimum price in connection with the sale of property at auction (an “auction guarantee”). In the event that the property sells for less than the minimum guaranteed price, the Company must perform under the auction guarantee by funding the difference between the sale price at auction and the amount of the auction guarantee. If the property does not sell, the amount of the guarantee must be paid, but the Company has the right to recover such amount through the future sale of the property. In some cases, the sale proceeds ultimately realized by the Company exceed the amount of any losses previously recognized on the auction guarantee. The Company is generally entitled to a share of excess proceeds if the property under the auction guarantee sells above a minimum price. In addition, the Company is obligated under the terms of certain auction guarantees to advance a portion of the guaranteed amount prior to the auction. In certain situations, the Company reduces its financial exposure under auction guarantees through auction commission sharing arrangements with partners. The Company’s counterparties to these risk sharing arrangements are typically major international art dealers or major art collectors. The Company could be exposed to credit-related losses in the event of nonperformance by these counterparties.

          As of June 30, 2009, the Company had no auction guarantees outstanding. As of December 31, 2008 and June 30, 2008, the carrying amount of the liability representing the estimated fair value of the Company’s obligation to perform under its auction guarantees was approximately $0.2 million and $2.1 million, respectively, and was reflected in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets within Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities.

21


16. Comprehensive Income (Loss)

          The Company’s comprehensive income (loss) includes the net income (loss) for the period, as well as other comprehensive income, which consists of the change in the foreign currency translation adjustment account, actuarial gains from the Company’s U.K. defined benefit pension plan (net of taxes) and credits related to the amortization of prior service cost and actuarial losses from the Company’s U.K. defined benefit pension plan (net of taxes) during the period. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, comprehensive income (loss) is as follows:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three Months Ended
June 30,

 

Six Months Ended
June 30,

 

 

 


 


 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

2009

 

2008

 

 

 


 


 


 


 

 

 

(Thousands of dollars)

 

Net income (loss)

 

$

12,181

 

$

95,334

 

($

22,311

)

$

82,939

 

Foreign currency exchange rate gains

 

 

26,230

 

 

1,692

 

 

15,496

 

 

16,998

 

Actuarial gains related to the U.K. Pension Plan, net of taxes

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

38,920

 

Amortization of prior service cost and actuarial losses related to the U.K. Pension Plan, net of taxes

 

 

3

 

 

2

 

 

5

 

 

62

 

 

 



 



 



 



 

Comprehensive income (loss)

 

$

38,414

 

$

97,028

 

($

6,810

)

$

138,919

 

 

 



 



 



 



 

17. Share-Based Payments, Dividends and Shareholders’ Equity

          Stock Compensation Expense —For the three months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, the Company recorded stock compensation expense related to restricted stock, restricted stock units and stock options of $5.5 million ($3.9 million, after tax) and $8.4 million ($4.8 million, after tax), respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, the Company recorded stock compensation expense related to restricted stock, restricted stock units and stock options of $12.1 million ($8.1 million, after tax) and $16.8 million ($10.1 million, after tax), respectively.

           Stock Options —Stock options issued pursuant to the Sotheby’s 1997 Stock Option Plan (the “Stock Option Plan”) are exercisable into authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock. Stock options generally expire ten years after the date of grant and generally vest and become exercisable ratably after each of the first, second, third, fourth and fifth years following the date of grant. Stock options vest immediately upon a change in control of the Company (as defined in the plan document for the Stock Option Plan, as amended). The fair value of stock option grants, if any, is estimated using a Black-Scholes option valuation model, which utilizes assumptions for:

 

 

 

 

Expected life (estimated period of time outstanding): The expected life is estimated using historical exercise behavior taking into consideration the vesting period for each grant.

 

 

 

 

Risk-free rate of return: The risk-free rate of return is based on the available yield for U.S. Treasury securities with a maturity that approximates the expected life of the stock option grant.

 

 

 

 

Expected volatility: The expected volatility is based on historic volatility for a period approximately equal to the expected life of the stock option grant.

 

 

 

 

Dividend yield: Dividend yield is the expected rate of dividends to be paid throughout the expected life of the stock option grant.

          As of June 30, 2009, 0.5 million shares of Common Stock were available for the issuance of new stock option grants under the Stock Option Plan. No stock options were granted in 2008 or through the first six months of 2009.

          The table below provides statistics for the Company’s outstanding stock options as of June 30, 2009 (shares and aggregate intrinsic value in thousands):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Options

 

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

 

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term

 

Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value

 

 

 


 


 


 


 

Outstanding at January 1, 2009

 

942

 

$

16.74

 

 

 

 

 

 

Canceled

 

(4

)

$

37.94

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exercised

 

(30

)

$

8.65

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 



 

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding at June 30, 2009

 

908

 

$

16.96

 

2.5

 

$

442

 

 

 


 



 


 



 

Exercisable at June 30, 2009

 

908

 

$

16.96

 

2.5

 

$

442

 

 

 


 



 


 



 

          For the six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, the total intrinsic value of stock options exercised was approximately $0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively.

22


          For the six months ended June 30, 2009, the amount of cash received from the exercise of stock options was approximately $0.3 million and the related tax benefit was $0.1 million. For the six months ended June 30, 2008, the amount of cash received from the exercise of stock options was approximately $0.2 million.

           Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units —In February 2003, the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors approved the adoption of the Restricted Stock Plan, effective May 1, 2003. The Restricted Stock Plan was approved by a vote of shareholders on April 29, 2003. The Restricted Stock Plan was amended on November 7, 2005 to conform the plan to the Company’s capital structure following a recapitalization transaction that was completed on September 7, 2005. The Restricted Stock Plan was further amended, effective February 1, 2009, to become the Sotheby’s Restricted Stock Unit Plan (the “Restricted Stock Unit Plan”), whereby awards granted under the Restricted Stock Unit Plan may be in the form of Restricted Stock Units (“RSU’s”), rather than unvested shares of common stock (“Restricted Stock”). The award of RSU’s in lieu of Restricted Stock shares offers certain tax advantages and flexibility to recipients.

          In making awards under the Restricted Stock Unit Plan, the Compensation Committee takes into account the nature of the services rendered by employees, their present and potential contributions to the Company’s success, and such other factors as the Compensation Committee in its discretion deem relevant.

          Restricted Stock shares and RSU’s granted pursuant to the Restricted Stock Unit Plan generally vest ratably after each of the first, second, third and fourth years following the date of grant; however, Restricted Stock shares issued in connection with the Sotheby’s Executive Bonus Plan (the “EBP”) through 2008 vest ratably over a three-year period and shares issued pursuant to certain employment arrangements vest over three and five-year periods, subject to the achievement of certain Company net income or share price targets, as well as continued employment during the vesting periods. Prior to vesting, holders of Restricted Stock shares have voting rights and receive dividends, if any, while holders of RSU’s do not have voting rights and have the right to receive dividend equivalents. Dividends and dividend equivalents paid to holders of Restricted Stock shares and RSU’s are not forfeitable. Restricted Stock shares and RSU’s may not be sold, assigned, transferred, pledged or otherwise encumbered until they vest. As of June 30, 2009, 2.0 million shares remained available for future grants of Restricted Stock and RSU’s.

          The value of any awards granted pursuant to the Restricted Stock Unit Plan is generally determined based on the closing price of the Company’s Common Stock on the business day immediately prior to the date of grant. Subsequent to the date of grant, stock compensation expense is amortized to Salaries and Related Costs over the corresponding graded vesting period.

          Stock compensation expense is also recognized for the value of future Restricted Stock and RSU grants that are contractually guaranteed according to the terms of certain employment arrangements. The guaranteed value of such future grants is amortized over a period beginning on the effective date of the respective employment arrangement and through the final legal vesting date of the grant.

          On April 1, 2006, in conjunction with his employment arrangement and in an effort to encourage and reward the growth of shareholder value, the Company granted William F. Ruprecht, the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer, a one time award of 300,000 shares of Restricted Stock that would only vest for Mr. Ruprecht at the end of the third and fifth years of his employment arrangement, and only if certain Company net income or share price targets were achieved as of December 31, 2008 and/or December 31, 2010. The three-year net income target was achieved on December 31, 2008. Accordingly, 180,000 of these Restricted Stock shares vested on May 9, 2009. Management does not expect the remaining 120,000 Restricted Stock shares to vest.

          Also in conjunction with his employment arrangement, beginning in 2007, Mr. Ruprecht is entitled to an annual award under the Restricted Stock Unit Plan, subject to agreed annual minimum ($1.4 million) and maximum ($2.2 million) levels, the value of which is determined at the discretion of the Compensation Committee. Pursuant to this provision of his employment arrangement, Mr. Ruprecht received the following awards:

 

 

 

 

57,277 Restricted Stock shares granted on February 9, 2007 with a fair value of $2.2 million.

 

 

 

 

71,267 Restricted Stock shares granted on February 10, 2008 with a fair value of $2.2 million.

 

 

 

 

168,868 RSU’s granted on February 11, 2009 with a fair value of $1.4 million.

          In conjunction with employment arrangements entered into with certain senior executives in the third quarter of 2006, the Company granted 427,531 shares of Restricted Stock that would only vest at the end of the third and/or fifth years of their employment arrangements, and only if certain objective Company net income or share price targets were achieved as of June 30, 2009 and/or June 30, 2011. The Company did not meet either the net income or share price target as of June 30, 2009. Accordingly, 256,519 of these Restricted Stock shares that were available to vest as of June 30, 2009 did not vest. Management does not expect the Restricted Stock shares related to this award to vest.

          In February 2009, the Compensation Committee approved the issuance of the following Restricted Stock Unit awards, which will vest ratably after each of the first, second, third and fourth years following the date of grant:

23


 

 

 

 

709,655 RSU’s with a fair value of $5.9 million related to the Company’s incentive compensation program.

 

 

 

 

192,407 RSU’s with a fair value of $1.6 million related to executive employment arrangements, including 168,878 RSU’s with a fair value of $1.4 million issued to Mr. Ruprecht, as discussed above.

 

 

 

 

86,208 RSU’s with a value of $0.7 million issued at the discretion of the Compensation Committee.

          Changes in the number of outstanding Restricted Stock shares and RSU’s during the six months ended June 30, 2009 were as follows (shares in thousands):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Restricted
Shares and
RSU’s

 

Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair Value

 

 

 


 


 

Outstanding at January 1, 2009

 

2,537

 

$

31.36

 

Granted

 

988

 

 

8.28

 

Vested

 

(832

)

 

30.99

 

Canceled

 

(17

)

 

33.44

 

 

 


 



 

Outstanding at June 30, 2009

 

2,676

 

$

22.93

 

 

 


 



 

          The total fair value of Restricted Stock shares that vested during the six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008 was $8.2 million and $20.3 million, respectively, based on the closing stock price on the dates the shares vested. For the six months ended June 30, 2009, the Company recorded $5.1 million of tax deficiencies against excess tax benefits previously recorded in Additional Paid-in Capital as result of the vesting of Restricted Stock shares at prices substantially lower than the grant date prices of such shares.

          As of June 30, 2009, unrecognized stock compensation expense related to the unvested portion of the Company’s stock-based compensation was $21.8 million. This compensation expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.3 years. The Company does not capitalize any compensation cost related to share-based compensation awards to employees.

24


          Dividends —On February 26, 2009, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.15 per share (approximately $10.2 million), which was paid on March 16, 2009 to shareholders of record as of March 9, 2009.

          On April 27, 2009, the Executive Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors approved a reduction in the expected annual dividend rate from $0.60 per share to $0.20 per share, a 67% reduction. On May 7, 2009 the Company’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.05 per share (approximately $3.4 million), which was paid on June 15, 2009 to shareholders of record as of June 1, 2009. On August 4, 2009, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.05 per share (approximately $3.4 million) to be paid to shareholders of record as of September 1, 2009 on September 15, 2009. The declaration and payment of future dividends to shareholders remains at the discretion of the Company's Board of Directors and will depend on many factors, including the Company’s financial condition, cash flows, legal requirements and other factors as the Board of Directors deems relevant.

           Common Stock and Additional Paid-in Capital Restatement —On June 30, 2006, Sotheby’s Holdings, Inc., a Michigan corporation (“Sotheby’s Michigan”), completed a reincorporation into the State of Delaware (the “Reincorporation”). The Reincorporation was completed by means of a merger of Sotheby’s Michigan with and into Sotheby’s Delaware, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Sotheby’s Delaware”) and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Sotheby’s Michigan incorporated for the purpose of effecting the Reincorporation, with Sotheby’s Delaware being the surviving corporation. Sotheby’s Delaware was renamed “Sotheby’s” upon completion of the merger.

          In conjunction with the Reincorporation, each outstanding share of Class A Limited Voting Common Stock, $0.10 par value, of Sotheby’s Michigan stock (“Sotheby’s Michigan Stock”) was converted into one share of Common Stock, $0.01 par value, of Sotheby’s Delaware stock (“Sotheby’s Delaware Stock”). As a result, holders of Sotheby’s Michigan Stock became holders of Sotheby’s Delaware Stock, and their rights as holders thereof became governed by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware and the Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws of Sotheby’s Delaware.

          As detailed in the table below, the Company has restated its previously reported balances of Common Stock and Additional Paid-in Capital as of December 31, 2008 and June 30, 2008 to reflect the correct $0.01 per share par value of Sotheby’s Delaware Stock. Previously, Common Stock and Additional Paid-in Capital were incorrectly recorded on the basis of a $0.10 per share par value.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2008

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

Originally
Reported

 

Adjustment

 

Restated
Amount

 

 

 

 


 


 


 

 

 

 

(Thousands of dollars)

 

 

Shareholders’ Equity:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common Stock, $0.01 par value

 

$

6,718

 

$

(6,046

)

$

672

 

 

Additional paid-in capital

 

 

272,694

 

 

6,046

 

 

278,740

 

 

Retained earnings

 

 

325,478

 

 

 

 

325,478

 

 

Accumulated other comprehensive (loss)

 

 

(51,228

)

 

 

 

(51,228

)

 

 

 



 



 



 

 

Total Shareholders’ Equity

 

$

553,662

 

$

 

$

553,662

 

 

 

 



 



 



 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

June 30, 2008

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

Originally
Reported

 

Adjustment

 

Restated
Amount

 

 

 

 




 

 

 

 

(Thousands of dollars)

 

 

Shareholders Equity:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common Stock, $0.01 par value

 

$

6,723

 

$

(6,050

)

$

673

 

 

Additional paid-in capital

 

 

259,661

 

 

6,050

 

 

265,711

 

 

Retained earnings

 

 

400,409

 

 

 

 

400,409

 

 

Accumulated other comprehensive income

 

 

66,082

 

 

 

 

66,082

 

 

 

 



 



 



 

 

Total Shareholders’ Equity

 

$

732,875

 

$

 

$

732,875

 

 

 

 



 



 



 

          The adjustments to the December 31, 2008 and June 30, 2008 balances of Common Stock and Additional Paid-in Capital do not impact the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Income Statements or Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the restated periods, nor do these adjustments impact the previously reported balances of assets and liabilities in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2008 and June 30, 2008.

25


18. Derivative Financial Instruments

          In most cases, the Company utilizes forward exchange contracts to hedge cash flow exposures related to foreign currency risks, which primarily arise from short-term foreign currency denominated intercompany balances and, to a lesser extent, foreign currency denominated client-related balances. Such forward exchange contracts are typically short-term with settlement dates less than one year from their inception. Additionally, on rare occasions, the Company purchases foreign currency option contracts to hedge foreign currency risks associated with amounts payable to consignors as a result of the sale of property at auction.

          Exposures related to the Company’s foreign currency risks are centrally managed by its global treasury function. The Company’s outstanding forward exchange contracts and foreign currency option contracts, if any, are not designated as hedging instruments under SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” as amended, and are recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at their fair values. Changes in the fair value of these derivative financial instruments are recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Income Statements within Other Income (Expense).

          As of June 30, 2009, the Company had a total of $131 million in notional value derivative financial instruments outstanding, including forward exchange contracts ($128 million in notional value) and a foreign currency option contract ($3 million in notional value). Notional amounts do not quantify risk or represent assets or liabilities of the Company, but are used in the calculation of cash settlements under such contracts. The Company is exposed to credit-related losses in the event of nonperformance by the counterparties to its forward exchange and foreign currency option contracts, but does not expect any counterparties to fail to meet their obligations given their high short-term (A1/P1) credit ratings.

          As of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets included liabilities of $0.7 million and $2.6 million, respectively, recorded within Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities reflecting the aggregate fair value of the Company’s outstanding derivative instruments on that date. As of June 30, 2008, the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets included an asset of $0.3 million recorded within Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets reflecting the aggregate fair value of the Company’s outstanding derivative instruments on that date.

19. Uncertain Tax Positions

          As of June 30, 2009, the Company’s liability for unrecognized tax benefits was $45.6 million, representing an increase of $2.0 million when compared to December 31, 2008. As of June 30, 2008, the Company’s liability for unrecognized tax benefits was $22.3 million.

          As of June 30, 2009, December 31, 2008 and June 30, 2008, the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would favorably affect the Company’s effective tax rate is $34.5 million, $33.6 million and $18.4 million, respectively.

          The Company believes it is reasonably possible that a decrease of $3.2 million in the balance of the unrecognized tax benefit can occur within 12 months of the June 30, 2009 balance sheet date as a result of an expected settlement of a currently ongoing tax audit by the U.S. federal government. The Company anticipates that this audit may be completed within the next 12 months.

          The Company is subject to taxation in the U.S. and various state and foreign jurisdictions. The Company’s tax years are open for audit for federal purposes from 1998, for New York State from 2004, for New York City from 2002, and for California from 2002. The Company’s foreign subsidiaries file income tax returns in the countries in which they have operations. Years still open to examination by foreign tax authorities include Hong Kong for 1998 and from 2003, and the United Kingdom from 2005.

          The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of Income Tax Expense (Benefit). The Company’s accrual for such interest and penalties increased by $0.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2009.

          The Company’s policy is to record interest expense related to sales, value added and other taxes as Interest Expense in the Condensed Consolidated Income Statements. Penalties related to such taxes are recorded as General and Administrative Expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Income Statements. Interest expense and penalties related to income taxes are recorded as a component of Income Tax Expense (Benefit) in the Condensed Consolidated Income Statements.

20. Fair Value Measurements

          As of January 1, 2008, the Company adopted SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements,” which, among other requirements, requires enhanced disclosures about financial assets and liabilities that are measured and reported at fair value. Additionally, SFAS No. 157 provides a single definition of fair value and establishes a hierarchal disclosure framework that prioritizes and ranks the level of market price observability used in measuring assets and liabilities at fair value.

          In October 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. 157-3, “Determining the Fair Value of a Financial Asset When the Market for That Asset is Not Active,” which further illustrates key considerations in determining the fair value of a financial asset in an inactive

26


market. FSP 157-3 became effective on October 10, 2008 and was applicable to all periods for which financial statements had not yet been issued. Management has adopted FSP 157-3 and applied its guidance, as applicable.

          In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 157-4, “Determining Fair Value When the Volume and Level of Activity for the Asset or Liability Have Significantly Decreased and Identifying Transactions That Are Not Orderly.” FSP No. FAS 157-4 provides additional guidance for estimating fair value in accordance with SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements,” when the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability have significantly decreased. FSP No. FAS 157-4 also includes guidance on identifying circumstances that indicate a transaction is not orderly. FSP No. FAS 157-4 requires the disclosure of the inputs and valuation technique(s) used to measure fair value and a discussion of changes in valuation techniques and related inputs, if any, during the period. Sotheby’s adopted this standard in the second quarter of 2009. The adoption of FSP No. FAS 157-4 did not have an impact on the Company’s results or financial position for the period ended June 30, 2009.

          Assets and liabilities measured and reported at fair value are classified and disclosed according to one of the following categories:

 

 

 

 

Level 1—Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reporting date. Level 1 inputs generally provide the most reliable evidence of fair value.

 

 

 

 

Level 2—Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date, and fair value may be determined through the use of models or other valuation methodologies.

 

 

 

 

Level 3—Pricing inputs are unobservable for the asset or liability and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the investment. The inputs into the determination of fair value require significant management judgment or estimation.

          Certain of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities are reported at fair value. The table below provides fair value measurement information for such assets and liabilities as of June 30, 2009 (in thousands of dollars).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fair Value Measurements Using:

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

Total Fair
Value

 

Quoted
Prices in
Active
Markets
(Level 1)

 

Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)

 

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)

 

 

 


 


 


 


 

Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trust assets related to the deferred compensation liability

 

$

32,174

 

$

 

$

32,174

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign currency forward exchange contracts

 

$

741

 

 

 

 

$

741

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Deferred compensation liability

 

$

31,283

 

$

 

$

31,283

 

$

 


 

 

 

 

*

The trust assets related to the deferred compensation liability in the table above do not include the enhanced cash rider amount of insurance contracts within Company-owned life insurance policies ($2.2 million as of June 30, 2009), as these contracts are not considered to be financial instruments for the purposes of this disclosure.

Level 2 Fair Value Measurements

          Trust assets related to the deferred compensation liability —Trust assets include investments in certain mutual funds that invest in highly liquid, short-term investments that are valued at amortized cost, which approximates fair value. Trust assets also include investments held within Company-owned variable life insurance policies, the fair value of which is based upon the prices of comparable publicly traded mutual funds. Trust assets also include insurance contracts within Company-owned life insurance policies, the fair value of which is stated in the underlying contracts.

           Foreign currency forward exchange contracts —The fair value of foreign currency forward exchange contracts is based on referenced market rates.

           Deferred compensation liability —The Company’s deferred compensation liability reflects the Company’s obligation to plan participants. The fair value of this obligation is based upon the value of the underlying participant investments, which is based upon the prices of comparable publicly traded mutual funds.

27


21. Recently Issued Accounting Standards

          In December 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 132(R)-1, “Employers’ Disclosures about Post Retirement Benefit Plan Assets.” This FSP amends SFAS No. 132(R), “Employers’ Disclosures about Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits,” and requires expanded disclosures about plan assets in an employer’s defined benefit pension or other post-retirement plans. The expanded disclosures require information to be provided on how investment decisions are made, the major categories of plan assets, input and valuation techniques used to measure the fair value of plan assets and concentrations of risk with plan assets. Although earlier application is permitted, this FSP is not required to be applied by the Company until its annual report for the year ending December 31, 2009. The new disclosure requirements do not apply to interim financial statements. Management is evaluating the impact of adopting this FSP on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

          In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 107-1 and APB 28-1, “Interim Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments” (“FSP No. FAS 107 and APB 28-1”), which requires publicly traded companies to disclose the fair value and related carrying amounts of its financial instruments in interim and annual reporting periods, as well as the methods and significant assumptions used to estimate fair value and any changes to such methods and assumptions. This standard was effective for the Company in the second quarter of 2009. The Company adopted FSP No. FAS 107-1 and APB 28-1 as of June 30, 2009, as applicable. See Note 10.

          In April 2009, the SEC Staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 111. SAB No. 111 amends and replaces SAB Topic 5.M. in the SAB Series entitled “Other Than Temporary Impairment of Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities.” SAB No. 111 maintains the SEC Staff’s previous views related to equity securities and amends Topic 5.M. to exclude debt securities from its scope. The Company adopted this standard in the second quarter of 2009. The adoption of SAB No. 111 did not have an impact on the Company’s results or financial position for the period ended June 30, 2009.

           In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 141 (R)-1, “Accounting for Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed in a Business Combination That Arise from Contingencies.” This FSP amends and clarifies FASB Statement No. 141(R) (revised 2007), “Business Combinations,” to address application issues raised by preparers, auditors, and members of the legal profession on initial recognition and measurement, subsequent measurement and accounting, and disclosure of assets and liabilities arising from contingencies in a business combination. This FSP is effective for assets or liabilities arising from contingencies in business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. As the Company has not made any acquisitions to-date in 2009, this standard has not had any impact on the Company’s results of operations or financial condition in 2009.

          In May 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 165, “Subsequent Events.” SFAS No. 165 establishes general standards of accounting for, and disclosure of, events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued. SFAS No. 165 requires the disclosure of the date through which an entity has evaluated subsequent events and the basis for selecting that date, and in doing so, an entity must disclose whether that date represents the date the financial statements were issued or were available to be issued. SFAS No. 165 is effective for interim or annual financial periods ending after June 15, 2009. The Company has adopted SFAS No. 165, effective for the period ended June 30, 2009. The adoption of SFAS No. 165 did not have an impact on the Company’s results or financial position for the period ended June 30, 2009. Management of the Company has conducted its evaluation of subsequent events through August 5, 2009, which is the date on which the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained within this filing were issued. See Notes 14 and 17 for subsequent events impacting the Company.

          In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 168, “The FASB Accounting Standards Codification and the Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.” SFAS No. 168 replaces SFAS No. 162, The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, and establishes only two levels of U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), authoritative and nonauthoritative. The FASB Accounting Standards Codification (the “Codification”) will become the source of authoritative, nongovernmental GAAP, except for rules and interpretive releases of the SEC, which are sources of authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. All other non-grandfathered, non-SEC accounting literature not included in the Codification will become nonauthoritative. This standard is effective for financial statements for interim or annual reporting periods ending after September 15, 2009. The Company will begin to use the new guidelines and numbering system prescribed by the Codification when referring to GAAP in its public filings in the third quarter of 2009. As the Codification was not intended to change or alter existing GAAP, the Company believes that it will not have any impact on its consolidated financial statements.

          In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 166, “Accounting for Transfers of Financial Assets, an amendment to SFAS No. 140.” SFAS No. 166 eliminates the concept of a “qualifying special-purpose entity,” changes the requirements for derecognizing financial assets, and requires additional disclosures in order to enhance information reported to users of financial statements by

28


providing greater transparency about transfers of financial assets, including securitization transactions, and an entity’s continuing involvement in and exposure to the risks related to transferred financial assets. SFAS No. 166 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2009. The Company will adopt SFAS No. 166 in 2010 and management is evaluating the potential impact it may have on its consolidated financial statements.

          In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 167, “Amendments to FASB Interpretation No. 46(R).” SFAS No. 167 changes how companies determine when an entity that is insufficiently capitalized or is controlled through voting (or similar rights) should be consolidated. SFAS No. 167 will become effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of 2010. Management is evaluating the impact of adopting this standard on its consolidated financial statements.

          In June 2009, the SEC Staff issued SAB No. 112. SAB No. 112 amends or rescinds portions of the SEC Staff’s interpretive guidance included in the SAB Series in order to make the relevant interpretive guidance consistent with SFAS No. 141(R) and SFAS No. 160. the Company adopted this standard in the second quarter of 2009. The adoption of SAB No. 112 did not have an impact on the Company’s results or financial position for the period ended June 30, 2009.

29


 

 

IT EM 2 :

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Seasonality

          The worldwide art auction market has two principal selling seasons, which generally occur in the second and fourth quarters of the year. Accordingly, Sotheby’s (or together with its subsidiaries, unless the context otherwise requires, the “Company”) auction business is seasonal, with peak revenues and operating income generally occurring in those quarters. Consequently, first and third quarter results have historically reflected lower Net Auction Sales (as defined below under “Key Performance Indicators”) when compared to the second and fourth quarters and, typically, a net loss due to the fixed nature of many of Sotheby’s operating expenses. (See Note 2 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.)

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2009 AND 2008

          This discussion should be read in conjunction with Note 4 (“Segment Reporting”) of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Overview

           For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, Sotheby’s reported net income of $12.2 million and a net loss of ($22.3) million, respectively. These current period results compare unfavorably to the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 when Sotheby’s reported net income of $95.3 million and $82.9 million, respectively. The lower level of second quarter net income and the net loss reported for the six months ended June 30, 2009 are due to a decrease of 67% in Net Auction Sales caused by the downturn in the international art market. Partially offsetting the impact of the substantial decrease in Net Auction Sales is an improvement of just over 40% in auction commission margin in the current periods, as well as decreases in second quarter and June year-to-date expenses of $50.3 million, or 30%, and $87.7 million, or 28%, respectively. These lower expense levels are due to an array of factors, including management’s cost reduction initiatives, a lower volume of Sotheby’s auction offerings and favorable changes in foreign currency exchange rates. The overall reduction in expenses versus the prior periods is partially offset by restructuring charges of $4.8 million and $10.5 million incurred in the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, respectively, as well as the $18.4 million benefit recorded in the second quarter of 2008 as a result of the reversal of the remaining liability related to the settlement of antitrust related civil litigation. A more detailed discussion of each of the significant factors impacting Sotheby’s results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 is provided below.

Outlook

          The international art market has significantly declined from the peak levels experienced prior to 2009. In particular, the markets for Impressionist Art and Contemporary Art, which had experienced substantial growth from 2004 to 2007, have been significantly impacted by this downturn and are not expected to approach recent peaks in the near term. However, there has been a steady improvement in the percentage of lots successfully sold at Sotheby’s Impressionist Art and Contemporary Art auctions since the fourth quarter of 2009.  Management believes that this improvement, along with the 46% increase in Private Sales (as defined below) in the second quarter of 2009 as compared to the prior year second quarter, are indications that the market is adjusting to current price levels and should give confidence to consignors and buyers that there is now a more stable marketplace. (See statement on Forward Looking Statements.)

30


Results of Operations for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 and 2008

          Sotheby’s results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008 are summarized below (in thousands of dollars):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three Months Ended June 30,

 

Favorable/(Unfavorable)

 

 

 


 


 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

$ Change

 

% Change

 

 

 


 


 


 


 

Revenues:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Auction and related revenues

 

$

151,007

 

$

290,393

 

($

139,386

)

 

(48.0

%)

Finance revenues

 

 

2,245

 

 

3,650

 

 

(1,405

)

 

(38.5

%)

Dealer revenues

 

 

13,055

 

 

24,791

 

 

(11,736

)

 

(47.3

%)

License fee revenues

 

 

770

 

 

918

 

 

(148

)

 

(16.1

%)

Other revenues

 

 

244

 

 

409

 

 

(165

)

 

(40.3

%)

 

 



 



 



 



 

Total revenues

 

 

167,321

 

 

320,161

 

 

(152,840

)

 

(47.7

%)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expenses**

 

 

119,021

 

 

169,289

 

 

50,268

 

 

29.7

%

 

 



 



 



 



 

Operating income

 

 

48,300

 

 

150,872

 

 

(102,572

)

 

(68.0

%)

Net interest expense

 

 

(9,880

)

 

(5,938

)

 

(3,942

)

 

(66.4

%)

Other expense

 

 

(2,707

)

 

(3,794

)

 

1,087

 

 

28.7

%

 

 



 



 



 



 

Income before taxes

 

 

35,713

 

 

141,140

 

 

(105,427

)

 

(74.7

%)

Equity in earnings of investees, net of taxes

 

 

242

 

 

300

 

 

(58

)

 

(19.3

%)

Income tax expense

 

 

23,774

 

 

46,106

 

 

22,332

 

 

48.4

%

 

 



 



 



 



 

Net income

 

$

12,181

 

$

95,334

 

($

83,153

)

 

(87.2

%)

 

 



 



 



 



 

Key performance indicators:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Aggregate Auction Sales (a)

 

$

757,806

 

$

2,171,560

 

($

1,413,754

)

 

(65.1

%)

Net Auction Sales (b)

 

$

633,542

 

$

1,861,039

 

($

1,227,497

)

 

(66.0

%)

Private Sales (c)

 

$

133,637

 

$

91,808

 

 $

41,829

 

 

45.6

%

Consolidated Sales (d)

 

$

904,498

 

$

2,288,159

 

($

1,383,661

)

 

(60.5

%)

Auction commission margin (e)

 

 

21.3

%

 

15.1

%

 

N/A

 

 

41.4

%

Average loan portfolio (f)

 

$

153,664

 

$

198,338

 

($

44,674

)

 

(22.5

%)


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Six Months Ended June 30,

 

Favorable/(Unfavorable)

 

 

 


 


 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

$ Change

 

% Change

 

 

 


 


 


 


 

Revenues:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Auction and related revenues

 

$

196,985

 

$

398,331

 

($

201,346

)

 

(50.5

%)

Finance revenues

 

 

4,664

 

 

7,162

 

 

(2,498

)

 

(34.9

%)

Dealer revenues

 

 

17,801

 

 

41,476

 

 

(23,675

)

 

(57.1

%)

License fee revenues

 

 

1,549

 

 

1,509

 

 

40

 

 

2.7

%

Other revenues

 

 

750

 

 

944

 

 

(194

)

 

(20.6

%)

 

 



 



 



 



 

Total revenues

 

 

221,749

 

 

449,422

 

 

(227,673

)

 

(50.7

%)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expenses **

 

 

229,240

 

 

316,960

 

 

87,720

 

 

27.7

%

 

 



 



 



 



 

Operating (loss) income

 

 

(7,491

)

 

132,462

 

 

(139,953

)

 

 

*

Net interest expense

 

 

(19,434

)

 

(11,276

)

 

(8,158

)

 

(72.3

%)

Extinguishment of debt

 

 

1,039

 

 

 

 

1,039

 

 

100.0

%

Other expense

 

 

(5,094

)

 

(1,171

)

 

(3,923

)

 

 

*

 

 



 



 



 



 

(Loss) income before taxes

 

 

(30,980

)

 

120,015

 

 

(150,995

)

 

 

*

Equity in earnings of investees, net of taxes

 

 

91

 

 

1,537

 

 

(1,446

)

 

(94.1

%)

Income tax (benefit) expense

 

 

(8,578

)

 

38,613

 

 

47,191

 

 

 

*

 

 



 



 



 



 

Net (loss) income

 

($

22,311

)

$

82,939

 

($

105,250

)

 

 

*

 

 



 



 



 



 

Key performance indicators:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Aggregate Auction Sales (a)

 

$

994,751

 

$

2,953,108

 

($

1,958,357

)

 

(66.3

%)

Net Auction Sales (b)

 

$

833,197

 

$

2,536,724

 

($

1,703,527

)

 

(67.2

%)

Private Sales (c)

 

$

198,443

 

$

206,245

 

($

7,802

)

 

(3.8

%)

Consolidated Sales (d)

 

$

1,210,995

 

$

3,200,829

 

($

1,989,834

)

 

(62.2

%)

Auction commission margin (e)

 

 

20.8

%

 

14.7

%

 

N/A

 

 

41.7

%

Average loan portfolio (f)

 

$

155,701

 

$

184,303

 

($

28,602

)

 

(15.5

%)

31


 

 

 

 

Legend :

 

 

 

 

*

Represents a change in excess of 100%.

 

 

 

 

**

Expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 include restructuring charges of $4.8 million and $10.5 million, respectively. Expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 include a benefit of $18.4 million recognized in the second quarter of 2008 as a result of the reversal of the remaining liability related to the vendor’s commission discount certificates issued by Sotheby’s in 2003 in conjunction with the settlement of antitrust related civil litigation.

 

 

 

 

(a)

Represents the hammer (sale) price of property sold at auction plus buyer’s premium.

 

 

 

 

(b)

Represents the hammer (sale) price of property sold at auction.

 

 

 

 

(c)

Represents the total purchase price of property sold in private sales brokered by Sotheby’s.

 

 

 

 

(d)

Consolidated Sales is equal to the sum of Aggregate Auction Sales, Private Sales and Dealer revenues.

 

 

 

 

(e)

Represents total auction commission revenues as a percentage of Net Auction Sales.

 

 

 

 

(f)

Represents the average loan portfolio of Sotheby’s Finance segment.

Impact of Changes in Foreign Currency Exchange Rates

          For the three months ended June 30, 2009, changes in foreign currency exchange rates had a net unfavorable impact of approximately $3.3 million on Sotheby’s results. For the six months ended June 30, 2009, changes in foreign currency exchange rates had a net favorable impact of approximately $2.4 million on Sotheby’s results. The components of the impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates are as follows (in thousands of dollars):

 

 

 

 

 

Three Months Ended June 30, 2009

 

Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

 


 


 

Total revenues

 

($

15,704

)

Total expenses

 

 

11,776

 

 

 



 

Operating income

 

 

(3,928

)

Net interest expense and other

 

 

609

 

 

 



 

Impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates

 

($

3,319

)

 

 



 


 

 

 

 

 

Six Months Ended June 30, 2009

 

Favorable /
(Unfavorable)

 


 


 

Total revenues

 

($

24,292

)

Total expenses

 

 

25,629

 

 

 



 

Operating loss

 

 

1,337

 

Net interest expense and other

 

 

1,093

 

 

 



 

Impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates

 

 $

2,430

 

 

 



 

32


Revenues

          For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, revenues consisted of the following (in thousands of dollars):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Favorable/(Unfavorable)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

Three Months Ended June 30

 

2009

 

2008

 

$ Change

 

% Change

 


 


 


 


 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Auction and related revenues:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Auction commission revenues

 

$

135,200

 

$

280,941

 

$

(145,741

)

 

(51.9

%)

Auction expense recoveries

 

 

3,068

 

 

6,111

 

 

(3,043

)

 

(49.8

%)

Private sale commissions

 

 

9,966

 

 

8,952

 

 

1,014

 

 

11.3

%

Principal activities

 

 

(209

)

 

(11,002

)

 

10,793

 

 

98.1

%

Catalogue subscription revenues

 

 

1,309

 

 

1,932

 

 

(623

)

 

(32.2

%)

Other

 

 

1,673

 

 

3,459

 

 

(1,786

)

 

(51.6

%)

 

 



 



 



 



 

Total auction and related revenues

 

 

151,007

 

 

290,393

 

 

(139,386

)

 

(48.0

%)

 

 



 



 



 



 

Other revenues:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Finance revenues

 

 

2,245

 

 

3,650

 

 

(1,405

)

 

(38.5

%)

Dealer revenues

 

 

13,055

 

 

24,791

 

 

(11,736

)

 

(47.3

%)

License fee revenues

 

 

770

 

 

918

 

 

(148

)

 

(16.1

%)

Other

 

 

244

 

 

409

 

 

(165

)

 

(40.3

%)

 

 



 



 



 



 

Total other revenues

 

 

16,314

 

 

29,768

 

 

(13,454

)

 

(45.2

%)

 

 



 



 



 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total revenues

 

$

167,321

 

$

320,161

 

$

(152,840

)

 

(47.7

%)

 

 



 



 



 



 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Favorable/(Unfavorable)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

Six Months Ended June 30

 

2009

 

2008

 

$ Change

 

% Change

 


 


 


 


 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Auction and related revenues:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Auction commission revenues

 

$

173,622

 

$

373,160

 

$

(199,538

)

 

(53.5

%)

Auction expense recoveries

 

 

3,944

 

 

7,536

 

 

(3,592

)

 

(47.7

%)

Private sale commissions

 

 

14,733

 

 

20,136

 

 

(5,403

)

 

(26.8

%)

Principal activities

 

 

(1,059

)

 

(12,640

)

 

11,581

 

 

(91.6

%)

Catalogue subscription revenues

 

 

2,582

 

 

3,688

 

 

(1,106

)

 

(30.0

%)

Other

 

 

3,163

 

 

6,451

 

 

(3,288

)

 

(51.0

%)

 

 



 



 



 



 

Total auction and related revenues

 

 

196,985

 

 

398,331

 

 

(201,346

)

 

(50.5

%)

 

 



 



 



 



 

Other revenues:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Finance revenues

 

 

4,664

 

 

7,162

 

 

(2,498

)

 

(34.9

%)

Dealer revenues

 

 

17,801

 

 

41,476

 

 

(23,675

)

 

(57.1

%)

License fee revenues

 

 

1,549

 

 

1,509

 

 

40

 

 

2.7

%

Other

 

 

750

 

 

944

 

 

(194

)

 

(20.6

%)

 

 



 



 



 



 

Total other revenues

 

 

24,764

 

 

51,091

 

 

(26,327

)

 

(51.5

%)

 

 



 



 



 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total revenues

 

$

221,749

 

$

449,422

 

$

(227,673

)

 

(50.7

%)

 

 



 



 



 



 

Auction and Related Revenues

          For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, auction and related revenues decreased $139.4 million, or 48%, and $201.3 million, or 51%, when compared to the same periods in the prior year. These decreases are principally due to lower auction commission revenues and expense recoveries, partially offset by a lower level of principal activities losses in the periods. The comparison of auction and related revenues to the prior year six month period is also unfavorably impacted by a $5.4 million, or 27%, decrease in private sale commissions. Additionally, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, auction and related revenues decreased $13.7 million and $21.5 million, respectively, as a result of unfavorable movements in foreign currency exchange rates.

           Auction Commission Revenues — For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, auction commission revenues decreased $145.7 million, or 52%, and $199.5 million, or 54%, when compared to the same periods in the prior year. The lower level of auction commission revenues is principally due to decreases of $1.2 billion, or 66%, and $1.7 billion, or 67%, in Net Auction Sales for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The impact of the decreases in Net Auction Sales for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 is partially offset by improvements of 41% and 42%, respectively, in auction commission margin. See “Net Auction Sales” and “Auction Commission Margin” below for a discussion of these key performance indicators.

33


          Net Auction Sales —For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, Net Auction Sales decreased $1.2 billion, or 66%, and $1.7 billion, or 67%, respectively, when compared to the same periods in the prior year. These decreases in Net Auction Sales are largely due to the downturn in the international art market that began in the second half of 2008, which resulted from a weakening global economy, as well as turbulence in global financial and credit markets. Accordingly, Sotheby’s has been unable to achieve auction consignment levels and selling prices comparable to the levels attained in the first six months of 2008.

          Specifically, the decline in Net Auction Sales for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 is primarily attributable to:

 

 

 

 

Decreases of $640 million, or 68%, and $980 million, or 68%, respectively, in worldwide sales of Impressionist Art and Contemporary Art. Significantly fewer works were offered at these auctions in 2009, and works sold at substantially lower prices than in 2008. Sales results for the second quarter of 2009 include the early summer sales of Contemporary Art in London from late June totaling approximately $65 million. In 2008, the equivalent sales were held in early July and resulted in third quarter Net Auction Sales of approximately $213 million.

 

 

 

 

Decreases in second quarter sales of Asian Art ($121 million), Jewelry ($60 million), American Paintings ($54 million) and Russian Art ($51 million).

 

 

 

 

The (RED) charity auction held in New York in February 2008, which totaled $38 million. The proceeds from this charity auction (including Sotheby's auction commission revenues) were donated to the United Nations Foundation to support HIV/AIDS relief programs in Africa conducted by the Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria. There was no comparable sale conducted in the first half of 2009.

          Additionally, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, Net Auction Sales were unfavorably impacted by movements in foreign currency exchange rates, which contributed $58 million and $93 million to the overall decreases, respectively.

           Auction Commission Margin — Auction commission margin represents total auction commission revenues as a percentage of Net Auction Sales. Typically, auction commission margins are higher for lower value works of art or collections, while higher valued property earns lower margins. In certain situations, auction commission margins are adversely impacted by arrangements whereby auction commissions are shared with consignors or with Sotheby’s partners in auction guarantees. In such situations, in an effort to reduce its financial exposure under auction guarantees, Sotheby’s may: (a) share auction commissions with consignors in order to secure high value consignments without issuing auction guarantees or (b) enter into risk and reward sharing arrangements with unaffiliated partners whereby Sotheby’s reduces its financial exposure under an auction guarantee in exchange for sharing the auction commission. Sotheby’s may also share auction commissions with a consignor as part of an auction guarantee, typically in exchange for a portion of the hammer (sale) price in excess of a negotiated amount.

          Partly as a result of reduced auction commission margins in early 2008, Sotheby’s implemented a buyer’s premium rate increase that became effective on June 1, 2008. In salesrooms in the U.S., the buyer’s premium became 25% on the first $50,000 of hammer (sale) price; 20% on the portion of hammer price above $50,000 up to and including $1 million; and 12% on any remaining amount above $1 million. Generally, in foreign salesrooms, these U.S. dollar thresholds were translated into an appropriate fixed local currency amount. For auction sales conducted through May 31, 2008, the buyers’ premium charged was generally 25% of the hammer price on the first $20,000, 20% of the hammer price above $20,000 up to and including $500,000 and 12% of any remaining amount over $500,000.

          As detailed in the table above under “Key Performance Indicators,” for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, auction commission margin increased approximately 41% (from 15.1% to 21.3%) and 42% (from 14.7% to 20.8%), respectively, when compared to the same periods in the prior year. The increases in auction commission margin versus the prior year are attributable to the following factors:

 

 

 

 

A change in sales mix, as a substantially lower portion of Net Auction Sales in 2009 was at the high-end of Sotheby’s business where auction commission margins are traditionally lower. Furthermore, auction commission margin in the first half of 2008 was negatively impacted by sales from the (RED) charity auction discussed above, as Sotheby’s auction commissions for this sale were donated to the United Nations Foundation. There was no equivalent auction conducted in the first half of 2009.

 

 

 

 

A significant decrease in the use of auction guarantees and related risk reduction arrangements and strategies in response to the downturn in the international art market, as well as the current challenging economic environment. As discussed above, when management employs such risk reduction arrangements and strategies, Sotheby’s shares its auction commissions with consignors or with its partners in auction guarantees.

 

 

 

 

The impact of the increased buyer’s premium rate structure that became effective in June 2008, as outlined above.

          In response to the downturn in the international art market that began in September 2008, as well as the current challenging economic environment, Sotheby’s has substantially reduced its use of auction guarantees for sales occurring in 2009 when compared to the comparable sales occurring in 2008. Sotheby’s expects to continue to significantly limit its use of auction guarantees for the foreseeable future. (See statement on Forward Looking Statements.)

34


           Principal Activities — Auction segment principal activities consist mainly of gains and losses related to auction guarantees including: (i) any share of overage or shortfall recognized when the guaranteed property is offered or sold at auction, (ii) any subsequent writedowns to the carrying value of guaranteed property that initially failed to sell at auction and (iii) any subsequent recoveries and losses on the sale of guaranteed property that initially failed to sell at auction. To a much lesser extent, Auction segment principal activities include gains and losses related to the sale of other Auction segment inventory, as well as any writedowns to the carrying value of such inventory, which consists mainly of objects obtained incidental to the auction process primarily as a result of defaults by purchasers after a consignor has been paid.

          For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, principal activity losses decreased $10.8 million and $11.6 million, respectively, when compared to the same periods in the prior year. This improvement is attributable to the impact of significant losses recognized in the second quarter of 2008 related to property offered and sold under one auction guarantee. There were no comparable losses in 2009.

Finance Revenues

          For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, Finance revenues decreased $1.4 million, or 39%, and $2.5 million, or 35%, respectively, when compared to the same periods in the prior year. These decreases are principally due to lower benchmark interest rates and lower average loan portfolio balances in the periods. (Note: For the purposes of Management’s Discussion and Analysis, Finance revenues are presented on a consolidated basis and do not include intercompany revenues earned by the Finance segment from Sotheby’s Auction segment, which are eliminated in consolidation. See Note 4 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.)

Dealer Segment Results

          Dealer revenues consist of revenues earned from the sale of property held by Noortman Master Paintings and objects purchased by Sotheby’s for investment purposes, as well as Sotheby’s share of gains or losses resulting from the sale of property purchased by art dealers through unsecured loans from Sotheby’s. Dealer cost of sales includes the net book value of Dealer inventory sold during the period and any writedowns to the carrying value of Dealer inventory. The table below summarizes revenues, cost of sales and gross profit (loss) for the Dealer segment for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008 (in thousands of dollars):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three Months Ended
June 30,

 

Favorable / (Unfavorable)

 

 

 


 


 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

$ Change

 

% Change

 

 

 


 


 


 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dealer revenues

 

$

13,055

 

$

24,791

 

$

(11,736

)

 

(47.3

%)

Dealer cost of sales

 

 

(11,840

)

 

(24,679

)

 

12,839

 

 

52.0

%

 

 



 



 



 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dealer gross profit

 

$

1,215

 

$

112

 

$

1,103

 

 

 

*

 

 



 



 



 



 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Six Months Ended
June 30,

 

Favorable / (Unfavorable)

 

 

 


 


 

 

 

2009

 

2008

 

$ Change

 

% Change

 

 

 


 


 


 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dealer revenues

 

$

17,801

 

$

41,476

 

$

(23,675

)

 

(57.1

%)

Dealer cost of sales

 

 

(20,506

)

 

(40,597

)

 

20,091

 

 

49.5

%

 

 



 



 



 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dealer gross (loss) profit

 

$

(2,705

)

$

879

 

$

(3,584

)

 

 

*

 

 



 



 



 



 


 

 

 

 

*

Represents a change in excess of 100%.

          The favorable comparison of Dealer segment results for the three months ended June 30, 2009 to the same period in the prior year is primarily attributable to a $2.2 million writedown of one painting included in Dealer inventory in the second quarter of 2008, for which there was no comparable writedown in the current period.

          For the six months ended June 30, 2009, the unfavorable comparison of Dealer segment results to the prior period is primarily attributable to less profitable sales of inventory during the first half of 2009 as compared to 2008.

35


Expenses

          For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, expenses consisted of the following (in thousands of dollars):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Favorable / (Unfavorable)

 

 

 

 

 


 

Three Months Ended June 30

 

2009

 

2008

 

$ Change

 

% Change

 


 


 


 


 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Direct costs of services

 

$

14,509

 

$

35,162

 

$

20,653

 

 

58.7

%

Dealer cost of sales

 

 

11,840

 

 

24,679

 

 

12,839

 

 

52.0

%

Marketing expenses

 

 

3,054

 

 

5,597

 

 

2,543

 

 

45.4

%

Salaries and related costs

 

 

49,356

 

 

71,903

 

 

22,547

 

 

31.4

%

General and administrative expenses

 

 

30,372

 

 

44,328

 

 

13,956

 

 

31.5

%

Depreciation and amortization expense

 

 

5,087

 

 

6,005

 

 

918

 

 

15.3

%

Restructuring charges

 

 

4,803

 

 

 

 

(4,803

)

 

N/A

 

Antitrust related matters

 

 

 

 

(18,385

)

 

(18,385

)

 

(100.0

%)

 

 



 



 



 



 

Total expenses

 

$

119,021

 

$

169,289

 

$

50,268

 

 

29.7

%

 

 



 



 



 



 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Favorable / (Unfavorable)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

Six Months Ended June 30

 

2009

 

2008

 

$ Change

 

% Change

 


 


 


 


 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Direct costs of services

 

$

23,669

 

$

48,719

 

$

25,050

 

 

51.4

%

Dealer cost of sales

 

 

20,506

 

 

40,597

 

 

20,091

 

 

49.5

%

Marketing expenses

 

 

5,967

 

 

10,946

 

 

4,979

 

 

45.5

%

Salaries and related costs

 

 

97,316

 

 

133,074

 

 

35,758

 

 

26.9

%

General and administrative expenses

 

 

60,804

 

 

89,792

 

 

28,988

 

 

32.3

%

Depreciation and amortization expense

 

 

10,459

 

 

12,217

 

 

1,758

 

 

14.4

%

Restructuring charges

 

 

10,519

 

 

 

 

(10,519

)

 

N/A

 

Antitrust related matters

 

 

 

 

(18,385

)

 

(18,385

)

 

(100.0

%)

 

 



 



 



 



 

Total expenses

 

$

229,240

 

$

316,960

 

$

87,720

 

 

27.7

%

 

 



 



 



 



 

Direct Costs of Services

          Direct costs of services consists largely of sale specific marketing costs such as auction catalogue production and distribution expenses, sale advertising and promotion expenses and traveling exhibition costs. Also included in direct costs of services are sale-related shipping expenses. The level of direct costs incurred in any period is generally dependent upon the volume and composition of Sotheby’s auction offerings. For example, direct costs attributable to single-owner or other high-value collections are typically higher than those associated with standard various-owner sales, mainly due to higher promotional costs for catalogues, special events and traveling exhibitions, as well as higher shipping expenses.

          For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, direct costs of services decreased $20.7 million, or 59%, and $25.1 million, or 51%, respectively, when compared to the same periods in the prior year. These decreases are consistent with the substantially lower level of Net Auction Sales and lots offered in the current periods and is also due to management’s cost reduction efforts, especially in catalogue production and distribution. The overall decrease in direct costs of services for the six months ended June 30, 2009 is partially offset by $3 million in costs incurred to promote Sotheby’s first ever auctions conducted in Doha, Qatar as part of its continued efforts to expand its presence in emerging markets. Additionally, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, direct costs decreased approximately $1.2 million and $2.1 million, respectively, as a result of favorable movements in foreign currency exchange rates.

          Management will continue to contain direct costs of services in the second half of 2009, especially with regards to the costs to produce and distribute auction catalogues. (See statement on Forward Looking Statements.)

Marketing Expenses

          Marketing expenses are costs related to the promotion of the Sotheby’s brand and consist of the cost of corporate marketing activities (including the cost of client service initiatives) and the cost of strategic sponsorships of cultural institutions.

          For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, marketing expenses decreased by $2.5 million, or 45%, and $5 million, or 46%, when compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily as a result of management’s efforts to reduce discretionary marketing spending.

36


Salaries and Related Costs

          For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, salaries and related costs consisted of the following (in thousands of dollars):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Favorable / (Unfavorable)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

Three months ended June 30

 

2009

 

2008

 

$ Change

 

% Change

 


 


 


 


 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Full-time salaries

 

$

29,718

 

$

35,686

 

$

5,968

 

 

16.7

%

Employee benefits

 

 

5,358

 

 

4,416

 

 

(942

)

 

(21.3

%)

Payroll taxes

 

 

3,503

 

 

5,778

 

 

2,275

 

 

39.4

%

Incentive compensation

 

 

2,178

 

 

13,587

 

 

11,409

 

 

84.0

%

Stock compensation

 

 

5,529

 

 

8,364

 

 

2,835

 

 

33.9

%

Other *

 

 

3,070

 

 

4,072

 

 

1,002

 

 

24.6

%

 

 



 



 



 



 

Total salaries and related costs

 

$

49,356

 

$

71,903

 

$

22,547

 

 

31.4

%

 

 



 



 



 



 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Favorable / (Unfavorable)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

Six months ended June 30

 

2009

 

2008

 

$ Change

 

% Change

 


 


 


 


 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Full-time salaries

 

$

60,502

 

$

71,379

 

$

10,877

 

 

15.2

%

Employee benefits

 

 

7,775

 

 

9,393

 

 

1,618

 

 

17.2

%

Payroll taxes

 

 

7,510

 

 

11,376

 

 

3,866

 

 

34.0

%

Incentive compensation

 

 

3,756

 

 

16,495

 

 

12,739

 

 

77.2

%

Stock compensation

 

 

12,066

 

 

16,539

 

 

4,473

 

 

27.0

%

Other *

 

 

5,707

 

 

7,892

 

 

2,185

 

 

27.7

%

 

 



 



 



 



 

Total salaries and related costs

 

$

97,316

 

$

133,074

 

$

35,758

 

 

26.9

%

 

 



 



 



 



 


 

 

Legend:

*

Principally includes the cost of temporary labor and overtime.

          For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, salaries and related costs decreased $22.5 million, or 31%, and $35.8 million, or 27%, when compared to the same periods in the prior year. These decreases are principally due to lower levels of incentive compensation, full-time salaries, stock compensation and payroll taxes. Additionally, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, salaries and related costs decreased $4.8 million and $11 million, respectively, as a result of favorable movements in foreign currency exchange rates.

          See the discussion below for a more detailed explanation of the significant factors contributing to the overall decrease in salaries and related costs. Also, see “Restructuring Plans and Related Charges” below for information on expected future savings in salaries and related costs.

           Incentive Compensation —When compared to the same three and six month periods in 2008, incentive compensation decreased $11.4 million, or 84%, and $12.7 million, or 77%, principally due to Sotheby’s reporting a net loss for the six months ended June 30, 2009 as compared to being significantly profitable in the first half of 2008. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, incentive compensation primarily relates to amounts owed as a result of private sales completed during the periods.

           Full-Time Salaries —For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, full-time salaries decreased $6 million, or 17%, and $10.9 million, or 15%, when compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily due to favorable movements in foreign currency exchange rates ($3.3 million and $7.7 million impact, respectively) and the impact of headcount reductions resulting from the implementation of Sotheby’s restructuring plans (see “Restructuring Plans and Related Charges” below). To a lesser extent, the decrease in full-time salaries is attributable to temporary pay reductions for certain senior employees enacted in the second quarter of 2009.

          Employee Benefits —Employee benefits include the cost of Sotheby’s retirement plans and its health and welfare programs, as well as employee severance costs (excluding severance costs related to the restructuring plans discussed below).

          Sotheby’s material retirement plans include defined benefit and defined contribution pension plans covering most of its United Kingdom (the “U.K.”) employees and defined contribution and deferred compensation plans for its U.S. employees. Generally, the level of employee benefit costs is dependent upon headcount and compensation levels, as well as Sotheby’s financial performance. Additionally, expenses related to the U.K. defined benefit pension plan are significantly influenced by interest rates, investment

37


performance in the debt and equity markets and actuarial assumptions. Furthermore, costs related to the Sotheby’s Deferred Compensation Plan (the “DCP”) vary directly with the performance of various participant deemed investment funds.

          For the three months ended June 30, 2009, employee benefit costs increased $0.9 million, or 21%, when compared to the prior period. This increase is primarily attributable to the following factors:

 

 

 

 

An increase of $1.8 million in costs associated with the DCP due to favorable performance in deemed participant investments.

 

 

 

 

A $0.6 million decrease in the net pension benefit related to the U.K. defined benefit pension plan, resulting in a net pension benefit of $0.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2009. This decrease is attributable to differences in the assumptions used to determine the net pension benefit between the periods.

 

 

 

          The overall increase in employee benefit costs for the three months ended June 30, 2009 is partially offset by the following factors:

 

 

$0.7 million in non-restructuring related severance costs incurred in the second quarter of 2008, which were not repeated in 2009.

 

 

 

 

The impact of restructuring-related headcount reductions initiated in the fourth quarter of 2008 through the second quarter of 2009, as well as the impact of the lower level of incentive compensation in the current period.

 

 

 

 

$0.3 million in profit share accruals in the second quarter of 2008 related to Sotheby’s U.S. retirement plans. No profit sharing costs were accrued in the second quarter of 2009 as a result of Sotheby’s lower results for the period.

 

 

 

 

A decrease in company contributions to Sotheby’s U.S retirement plans. Effective May 1, 2009, Sotheby’s amended its U.S. Retirement Savings Plan whereby its matching contribution was reduced from 100% of eligible salary deferrals to 50% of eligible salary deferrals.

 

 

 

          For the six months ended June 30, 2009, employee benefit costs decreased $1.6 million, or 17%, when compared to the prior period. This decrease is primarily attributable to the following factors:

 

 

$1.9 million in non-restructuring related severance costs incurred in the first six months of 2008, which were not repeated in 2009.

 

 

 

 

$0.6 million in profit share accruals in the first half of 2008 related to its U.S. retirement plans. No profit sharing costs were accrued in the second quarter of 2009 as a result of Sotheby’s lower results for the period.

 

 

 

 

The impact of restructuring-related headcount reductions initiated in the fourth quarter of 2008 through the second quarter of 2009, as well as the impact of the lower level of incentive compensation in the current period.

 

 

 

 

A decrease in company contributions to Sotheby’s U.S. retirement plans, as discussed above.

          The overall decrease in employee benefit costs for the six months ended June 30, 2009 is partially offset by a $1.9 million increase in costs associated with the DCP due to favorable performance in deemed participant investments and a $0.4 million decrease in the net pension benefit related to the U.K. defined benefit pension plan. The decrease in the net pension benefit related to the U.K. defined benefit pension plan is attributable to differences in the assumptions used to determine the net pension benefit between the periods, as discussed below.

          For the year ending December 31, 2009, the net pension benefit related to the U.K. defined benefit pension plan is expected to decrease by approximately $0.8 million when compared to 2008, primarily as a result of the changes in the assumptions for the expected long-term rate of return (7.4% for 2009, as compared to 8.3% for 2008) and the discount rate (6.0% for 2009, as compared to 6.3% for 2008). (See statement on Forward Looking Statements.)

           Stock Compensation —For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, stock compensation decreased $2.8 million, or 34%, and $4.5 million, or 27%, when compared to the same periods in the prior year. This decrease is principally due to a substantially lower value of restricted stock awarded to employees in February 2009 as a result of Sotheby’s lower profitability in 2008 when compared to 2007. For the year ending December 31, 2009, stock compensation is expected to decrease approximately $9 million, or 31%, when compared to 2008. (See statement on Forward Looking Statements.)

           Other Salaries and Related Costs —Other salaries and related costs consist principally of costs related to temporary labor and overtime. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, such costs decreased $1 million, or 25%, and $2.2 million, or 28%, when compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily due to management’s cost reduction initiatives in these areas.

38


General and Administrative Expenses

          For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, general and administrative expenses decreased $14 million, or 32%, and $29 million, or 32%, when compared to the same periods in the prior year, respectively. The lower level of general and administrative expenses is principally attributable to the following factors:

 

 

 

 

Decreases of $4.3 million, or 53%, and $7.6 million, or 48%, respectively, in travel and entertainment expenses due to a higher level of travel in the prior year in pursuit of business getting opportunities in a stronger market, as well as management’s cost reduction initiatives in the current year.

 

 

 

 

Decreases of $3.3 million, or 23%, and $7.4 million, or 25%, respectively, in professional fees, partially due to lower costs associated with Sotheby’s outsourced tax compliance function, as well as lower consulting and professional service fees due in part to management’s cost reduction initiatives.

 

 

 

 

Favorable collection efforts related to accounts receivable that were previously thought to be uncollectible.

 

 

 

 

Favorable movements in foreign currency exchange rates, which decreased general and administrative expenses during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 by approximately $2.6 million and $6.2 million, respectively.

          Management will continue in its cost containment efforts addressing general and administrative expenses in 2009, especially with regards to travel and entertainment costs and professional fees. (See statement on Forward Looking Statements.)

Antitrust Related Matters

          In April 1997, the U.S. Department of Justice (the “DOJ”) began an investigation of certain art dealers and major auction houses, including Sotheby’s and its principal competitor, Christie’s International, PLC (“Christie’s”). In October 2000, Sotheby’s pled guilty to a violation of U.S. antitrust laws in connection with a conspiracy to fix auction commission rates charged to sellers in the U.S. and elsewhere.

          In conjunction with the settlement of certain civil litigation related to the investigation by the DOJ, in May 2003, Sotheby’s and Christie’s issued to the class of plaintiffs vendor’s commission discount certificates (“Discount Certificates”) with a face value of $125 million, of which Sotheby’s was responsible for funding the redemption of $62.5 million. The court determined that this $62.5 million face value had a fair value of not less than $50 million, which is the amount of expense that was recognized by Sotheby’s as a Special Charge in the third quarter of 2000. The $12.5 million discount on the face value of the Discount Certificates was amortized to interest expense over the four-year period prior to the date of issuance and May 15, 2007, the date after which any unused Discount Certificates were redeemable for cash.

          The Discount Certificates were fully redeemable in connection with any auction conducted by Sotheby’s or Christie’s in the U.S. or in the U.K. and were able to be used to satisfy consignment charges involving vendor’s commission, risk of loss and/or catalogue illustration. Additionally, any unused Discount Certificates were redeemable for cash at their face value at any time between May 15, 2007 and May 14, 2008.

          The Discount Certificates expired on May 14, 2008 and thereafter could no longer be redeemed. As a result of the expiration of the Discount Certificates, Sotheby’s reversed the remaining related liability and recognized a benefit of $18.4 million in its Condensed Consolidated Income Statements in the second quarter of 2008.

Restructuring Plans and Related Charges

          For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, Sotheby’s incurred net Restructuring Charges of $4.8 million and $10.5 million, respectively, related to the restructuring plans described below.

          2008 Restructuring Plan —Due to the downturn in the global economy and international art market that began in September 2008, on December 1, 2008 and February 26, 2009, Sotheby’s Board of Directors approved restructuring plans impacting the Auction segment in North America, the U.K. and Continental Europe, as well as certain corporate departments. These restructuring plans (collectively, the “2008 Restructuring Plan”) are the result of a strategic review of Sotheby’s operations conducted by management between November of 2008 and February 2009. The 2008 Restructuring Plan contemplates a 15% decrease in global headcount, a reduction in Sotheby’s selling activities and leased premises in Amsterdam and the vacating of other premises principally in the U.K. in connection with a reorganization of Sotheby’s European operations.

39


          For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, net Restructuring Charges incurred as a result of the 2008 Restructuring Plan totaled $1.3 million and $7 million, respectively, and consisted of the following (in thousands of dollars):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three Months Ended
June 30, 2009

 

Six Months Ended
June 30, 2009

 

 

 


 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Severance and employee termination benefits

 

$

(43

)

$

5,530

 

Facility related costs

 

 

1,235

 

 

1,235

 

Other costs

 

 

129

 

 

272

 

 

 



 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

$

1,321

 

$

7,037

 

 

 



 



 

          The $1.2 million in facility related costs included in net Restructuring Charges for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 represents the future rental costs related to a leased facility in the U.K. that will continue to be incurred subsequent to the June 30, 2009 cease use date and through the lease termination date in December 2009.

          From the fourth quarter of 2008 through June 30, 2009, life-to-date net Restructuring Charges incurred as a result of the 2008 Restructuring Plan totaled $11.3 million, consisting of $9.8 million in severance and employee termination costs, $1.2 million in facility related costs and $0.3 million in other restructuring related costs.

          As discussed above, as part of the 2008 Restructuring Plan, Sotheby’s is reducing its selling activities in Amsterdam and expects to vacate a portion of its leased premises there in December 2009. As a result, in the fourth quarter of 2009, Sotheby’s expects to record a Restructuring Charge for all or a portion of the rental costs for this facility that will continue to be incurred subsequent to December 2009 through the lease termination date in 2014. (See statement on Forward Looking Statements).

          (See Note 9 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the 2008 Restructuring Plan.)

           2009 Restructuring Plan —In March and April 2009, in response to the continued downturn in the global economy and the international art market, management conducted a further strategic review of its operations, and on April 27, 2009, the Executive Committee of Sotheby’s Board of Directors approved another restructuring plan (the “2009 Restructuring Plan”) impacting all areas of Sotheby’s global operations with the goal of additional significant cost reductions to be achieved through a further 5% decrease in global headcount. As a result of the adoption of the 2009 Restructuring Plan, Sotheby’s recorded net Restructuring Charges of $3.6 million for severance and employee termination benefits in the second quarter of 2009.

          (See Note 9 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the 2009 Restructuring Plan.)

          In total, the 2008 Restructuring Plan and 2009 Restructuring Plan are expected to result in aggregate annual cost savings of approximately $28 million. Of this amount, approximately $16 million is expected to be realized in 2009, almost entirely due to the headcount reductions. (See statement on Forward Looking Statements.)

          In addition to the 2008 Restructuring Plan and 2009 Restructuring Plan, management has implemented a number of other cost savings initiatives impacting all areas of expense. For example, in the second quarter of 2009, management initiated temporary pay reductions for certain staff, and a reduction in U.S. pension contributions, and will initiate unpaid furloughs for employees in most operating locations in the second half of 2009. As a result of management’s cost savings initiatives (including the 2008 Restructuring Plan and 2009 Restructuring Plan), management expects to achieve aggregate cost savings of approximately $160 million in 2009 versus 2008, to be achieved in direct cost of services, marketing expenses, salaries and related costs and general and administrative expenses. A portion of the expected savings is the result of favorable changes in foreign currency exchange rates versus 2008 and a lower expected volume of auction sales. (See statement on Forward Looking Statements.)

Net Interest Expense

          For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, net interest expense increased $3.9 million, or 66%, and $8.2 million, or 72%, when compared to the prior year primarily due to the incremental interest expense related to the Convertible Notes and Senior Notes issued on June 17, 2008 (see Note 10 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements).

Extinguishment of Debt

          On January 27, 2009, Sotheby’s repurchased $2.8 million of its 7.75% Senior Notes for a purchase price of $1.6 million (representing 59% of the aggregate principal amount repurchased). This repurchase resulted in a non-cash benefit of $1 million, net of fees, which was recognized in the first quarter of 2009.

Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

          Sotheby’s effective income tax expense (benefit) rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 was 66.6% and (27.7%), respectively, as compared to effective tax rates of 32.7% and 32.2%, respectively, for the same periods in the prior year.

40


During the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, Sotheby’s recognized income tax expense of $1 million and $16.6 million, respectively, attributable to the recording of valuation allowances related to certain foreign, state and local deferred tax assets, as described below, which increased/(decreased) the effective income tax expense (benefit) rate by approximately 3% and (53%), respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009.

          For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, Sotheby’s effective tax expense (benefit) rate, excluding discrete items (discussed below), is approximately 58.7% and (112.5%) respectively, compared to an expense of approximately 33% for each of the prior year periods. The comparison of the effective tax expense (benefit) rate between periods is significantly influenced by the level and mix of earnings and losses by taxing jurisdiction, foreign tax rate differentials and the relative impact of permanent book to tax differences (i.e., non-deductible expenses) on lower forecasted results by taxing jurisdiction.

          Quarterly tax expense (benefit) is calculated using an estimated annual effective tax rate for the period based on actual historical information and forward-looking estimates. The estimated annual effective tax rate will fluctuate due to changes in forecasted annual pre-tax income, changes in the jurisdictional mix of forecasted pre-tax income and changes to actual or forecasted permanent book to tax differences (i.e., non-deductible expenses). Each quarter, a cumulative adjustment is recorded for any fluctuations in the estimated annual effective tax rate as compared to the prior quarter. Furthermore, the effective tax rate may fluctuate as the result of positive or negative changes to the valuation allowance for net deferred tax assets and the impact of future tax settlements with state, federal or foreign tax authorities, or the effects of law changes (such changes would be recorded in the quarter in which they occur). Management identifies items which are unusual or non-recurring in nature and treats these as discrete events. The tax effect of discrete items is booked entirely in the quarter in which the discrete event occurs. As a result of these factors, and due to potential changes in Sotheby’s period to period results, significant fluctuations in Sotheby’s effective tax rate and respective tax provisions or benefits may occur during the remainder of 2009. (See statement on Forward Looking Statements.)

          As discussed above, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, Sotheby’s recognized income tax expense of $1 million and $16.6 million, respectively, attributable to the recording of valuation allowances related to certain foreign, state and local deferred tax assets. SFAS No. 109, “Accounting For Income Taxes” requires a valuation allowance to be established when it is “more likely than not” that all or a portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. In circumstances where there is “sufficient negative evidence,” establishment of a valuation allowance must be considered. A cumulative loss in the most recent three-year period represents sufficient negative evidence to consider a valuation allowance under the provisions of SFAS No. 109. As a result of cumulative three-year losses in certain foreign, state and local jurisdictions Sotheby’s determined that deferred tax assets in those jurisdictions required the establishment of a valuation allowance.

          In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, management considers, among other things, its projections of future taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. The amount of the deferred tax assets considered realizable could be reduced in the near term if estimates of future taxable income are lower than currently anticipated. As a result, an additional valuation allowance may be required, which would have an adverse impact on Sotheby’s results. Conversely, should management determine that it would be able to realize its deferred tax assets in the future in excess of its net recorded amount, an adjustment to the deferred tax asset would have a favorable impact on Sotheby’s results in the period such determination is made.

EARNINGS PER SHARE PRESENTATION

 

Sotheby’s presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 has been retroactively adjusted as a result of Sotheby’s adoption of Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) Staff Position (“FSP”) No. EITF 03-6-1, “Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions Are Participating Securities.” See Note 3 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information related to the computation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share.

 

The following table summarizes the impact of adopting FSP No. EITF 03-6-1 on basic and diluted earnings per share for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.

 

Year Ended December 31

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic earnings per share - Sotheby's common shareholders:

 

 

 

 

 

 

As reported

 

$ 0.44

 

$ 3.34

 

$ 1.77

As computed under the two-class method

 

$ 0.42

 

$ 3.22

 

$ 1.71

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Diluted earnings per share - Sotheby's common shareholders:

 

 

 

 

 

 

As reported

 

$ 0.43

 

$ 3.25

 

$ 1.72

As computed under the two-class method

 

$ 0.42

 

$ 3.22

 

$ 1.71

YORK PROPERTY

          The land and building located at 1334 York Avenue, New York, N.Y. (the “York Property”) is home to Sotheby’s sole North American auction salesroom and its principal North American exhibition space. On February 7, 2003, Sotheby’s sold the York

41


Property to an affiliate of RFR Holding Corp. (“RFR”). In conjunction with this sale, Sotheby’s leased the York Property back from RFR for an initial 20-year term, with options for Sotheby’s to extend the lease for two additional 10-year terms. The resulting lease was accounted for as a capital lease, with the related asset being amortized over the initial 20-year lease term.

          On January 11, 2008, Sotheby’s entered into a contract to reacquire the York Property from RFR for a purchase price of $370 million (the “Purchase and Sale Agreement”). Sotheby’s also agreed to give the principals of RFR certain terms for future sales of works of art at Sotheby’s auctions. Management has estimated the value of these terms to be approximately $3.8 million. The sale of the York Property was originally scheduled to take place on July 1, 2009, subject to RFR’s right under the Purchase and Sale Agreement to accelerate the closing to an earlier date. On November 21, 2008, RFR exercised its right to accelerate the closing, which occurred on February 6, 2009.

          Sotheby’s financed the $370 million purchase price through an initial $50 million cash payment made in conjunction with the signing of the Purchase and Sale Agreement on January 11, 2008, an $85 million cash payment made at closing on February 6, 2009 and the assumption of an existing $235 million mortgage on the York Property (the “York Property Mortgage”).

          The York Property Mortgage matures on July 1, 2035, with an optional pre-payment date of July 1, 2015, and bears an annual rate of interest of approximately 5.6%, which increases subsequent to July 1, 2015. It is Sotheby’s current intention to pre-pay the mortgage on or about July 1, 2015. In conjunction with the final accounting for the York Property purchase in the first quarter of 2009, Sotheby’s recorded the York Property Mortgage at its $212.1 million fair value. The fair value of the York Property mortgage was computed using a discounted cash flow approach based on a market rate of interest, which was estimated by management. The resulting $22.9 million debt discount is being amortized to interest expense over the remaining expected term of the loan. Sotheby’s paid fees of $2.4 million in conjunction with the assumption of the York Property Mortgage, which are also being amortized to interest expense over the remaining expected term of the loan.

          As a result of the closing of the transaction on February 6, 2009, the existing capital lease obligation of $167 million, which had an effective interest rate of 10.4%, and the related $122 million net capital lease asset, as well as a $16 million deferred gain related to the sale of the York Property in 2003 were derecognized and the net effect was deducted from the initial carrying value of the York Property. Accordingly, the land and building acquired in conjunction with the purchase of the York Property was recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at an initial carrying value of approximately $292.3 million in the first quarter of 2009, computed as follows (in thousands of dollars):

 

 

 

 

 

Fair value of York Property mortgage

 

$

212,130

 

Cash payments (including direct transaction costs)

 

 

137,480

 

Fair value of consignment terms

 

 

3,750

 

Derecognition of net capital lease obligation

 

 

(45,171

)

Derecognition of deferred gain

 

 

(15,894

)

 

 



 

Initial carrying value of York Property

 

$

292,295

 

 

 



 

          The York Property and its related mortgage are held by 1334 York, LLC, a separate legal entity of Sotheby’s that maintains its own books and records and whose results are ultimately consolidated into Sotheby's financial statements. The assets of 1334 York, LLC are not available to satisfy the debts and obligations of its affiliates or any other entity.

          Appraisals of the York Property were performed in January 2009, which confirmed that the value of the York Property was approximately $390 million as of that date.

          As a result of the closing of this transaction, Sotheby’s expects net decreases in depreciation expense and interest expense related to the York Property of approximately $3.3 million and $0.8 million, respectively, for 2009 as compared to 2008. The expected net decrease in depreciation expense when compared to 2008 is principally the result of the difference between depreciable lives of the purchased York Property building and the derecognized York Property capital lease asset. The expected net decrease in interest expense is principally the result of the lower effective interest rate associated with the assumed York Property mortgage obligation (8%) when compared to the derecognized York Property capital lease obligation (10.4%). (See statement on Forward Looking Statements.)

42


CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND COMMITMENTS

          The following table summarizes Sotheby’s material contractual obligations and commitments as of June 30, 2009:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Payments Due by Period

 

 

 


 

 

 

Total

 

Less Than
One Year

 

1 to 3 Years

 

3 to 5 Years

 

After 5
Years

 

 

 


 


 


 


 


 

 

 

(Thousands of dollars)

 

York Property Mortgage (1)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Principal

 

$

235,000

 

$

 

$

5,876

 

$

6,877

 

$

222,247

 

Interest

 

 

77,336

 

 

13,062

 

 

25,871

 

 

25,130

 

 

13,273

 

 

 



 



 



 



 



 

Sub-total

 

 

312,336

 

 

13,062

 

 

31,747

 

 

32,007

 

 

235,520

 

 

 



 



 



 



 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Unsecured debt (2)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Principal payments

 

 

328,250

 

 

 

 

 

 

200,000

 

 

128,250

 

Interest payments

 

 

83,974

 

 

16,189

 

 

32,380

 

 

25,874

 

 

9,531

 

 

 



 



 



 



 



 

Sub-total

 

 

412,224

 

 

16,189

 

 

32,380

 

 

225,874

 

 

137,781

 

 

 



 



 



 



 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other commitments :

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating lease obligations (3)

 

 

103,858

 

 

16,293

 

 

22,833

 

 

16,669

 

 

48,063

 

Employment arrangements (4)

 

 

12,871

 

 

4,974

 

 

7,897

 

 

 

 

 

Uncertain tax positions (5)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



 



 



 



 



 

Sub-total

 

 

116,729

 

 

21,267

 

 

30,730

 

 

16,669

 

 

48,063

 

 

 



 



 



 



 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

$

841,289

 

$

50,518

 

$

94,857

 

$

274,550

 

$

421,364

 

 

 



 



 



 



 



 


 

 

 

 

(1)

Represents the outstanding principal and monthly interest payments due on the York Property Mortgage. The York Property Mortgage matures on July 1, 2035, with an optional pre-payment date of July 1, 2015, and bears an annual interest rate of approximately 5.6%, which increases subsequent to July 1, 2015. It is Sotheby’s current intention to pre-pay the mortgage on or about July 1, 2015.

 

 

 

 

(2)

Represents the aggregate outstanding principal and semi-annual interest payments due on Sotheby’s 3.125% Convertible Notes, due June 15, 2013 (the “Convertible Notes”) and 7.75% Senior Notes, due June 15, 2015 (the “Senior Notes”). (See Note 10 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on the Convertible Notes and the Senior Notes.)

 

 

 

 

(3)

Represents rental payments due under Sotheby’s operating lease obligations.

 

 

 

 

(4)

Represents the remaining commitment for future salaries and other cash compensation related to employment arrangements with certain senior employees, which expire at various points between July 2009 and February 2012, excluding incentive compensation and equity grants. Such arrangements provide, among other benefits, for minimum salary levels and for incentive compensation under Sotheby’s incentive compensation programs which is payable only if specified Company and individual goals are attained. Additionally, certain of these arrangements provide for annual equity grants, the accelerated vesting of certain equity grants, severance payments, other cash compensation and continuation of benefits upon termination of employment under certain circumstances.

 

 

 

 

(5)

Excludes Sotheby’s liability of $18 million for uncertain tax positions that would be settled by cash payments to the respective taxing authorities, which are classified as long-term in the June 30, 2009 Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. This amount is excluded because management is unable to make reliable estimates of the period of settlement with the respective taxing authorities. (See Note 19 of Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more detailed information on uncertain tax positions.)

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

Auction Guarantees

          From time to time in the ordinary course of its business, Sotheby’s will guarantee to consignors a minimum price in connection with the sale of property at auction (an “auction guarantee”). In the event that the property sells for less than the minimum guaranteed price, Sotheby’s must perform under the auction guarantee by funding the difference between the sale price at auction and the amount of the auction guarantee. If the property does not sell, the amount of the guarantee must be paid, but Sotheby’s has the right to recover such amount through the future sale of the property. In some cases, the sale proceeds ultimately realized by Sotheby’s exceed the amount of any losses previously recognized on the auction guarantee. Sotheby’s is generally entitled to a share of excess proceeds if the property under the auction guarantee sells above a minimum price. In addition, Sotheby’s is obligated under the terms of certain auction guarantees to advance a portion of the guaranteed amount prior to the auction. In certain situations, Sotheby’s reduces its financial exposure under auction guarantees through auction commission sharing arrangements with partners. Sotheby’s counterparties to these risk sharing arrangements are typically major international art dealers or major art collectors. Sotheby’s could be exposed to credit-related losses in the event of nonperformance by these counterparties.

43


          As of June 30, 2009, Sotheby’s had no auction guarantees outstanding. As of December 31, 2008 and June 30, 2008, the carrying amount of the liability representing the estimated fair value of Sotheby’s obligation to perform under its auction guarantees was approximately $0.2 million and $2.1 million, respectively, and was reflected in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets within Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities.

          In response to the downturn in the international art market that began in September 2008, as well as the current challenging economic environment, Sotheby’s has substantially reduced its use of auction guarantees for sales occurring in 2009 when compared to the comparable sales occurring in 2008. Sotheby’s expects to continue to significantly limit its use of auction guarantees for the foreseeable future. (See statement on Forward Looking Statements.)

Lending Commitments

          Sotheby’s enters into legally binding arrangements to lend, primarily on a collateralized basis and subject to certain limitations and conditions, to potential consignors and other individuals who have collections of fine art or other objects. Unfunded commitments to extend additional credit were $1.1 million on June 30, 2009, of which $1 million is committed to an employee of Sotheby’s.

DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

          In most cases, Sotheby’s utilizes forward exchange contracts to hedge cash flow exposures related to foreign currency risks, which primarily arise from short-term foreign currency denominated intercompany balances and, to a lesser extent, foreign currency denominated client payable balances and foreign currency denominated future auction guarantee obligations. Such forward exchange contracts are typically short-term with settlement dates less than one year from their inception. Additionally, on rare occasions, Sotheby’s purchases foreign currency option contracts to hedge foreign currency risks associated with amounts payable to consignors as a result of the sale of property at auction.

          Exposures related to Sotheby’s foreign currency risks are centrally managed by its global treasury function. Sotheby’s outstanding forward exchange contracts and foreign currency option contracts, if any, are not designated as hedging instruments under SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” as amended, and are recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at their fair values (see Note 18 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements). Changes in the fair value of these derivative financial instruments are recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Income Statements within Other Income (Expense).

          As of June 30, 2009, Sotheby’s had a total of $131 million in notional value derivative financial instruments outstanding, including forward exchange contracts ($128 million in notional value) and a foreign currency option contract ($3 million in notional value). Notional amounts do not quantify risk or represent assets or liabilities of Sotheby’s, but are used in the calculation of cash settlements under such contracts. Sotheby’s is exposed to credit-related losses in the event of nonperformance by the three counterparties to its forward exchange contracts, but Sotheby’s does not expect any counterparties to fail to meet their obligations given their high short-term (A1/P1) credit ratings.

          As of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, Sotheby’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets included liabilities of $0.7 million and $2.6 million, respectively, recorded within Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities reflecting the aggregate fair value of Sotheby’s outstanding forward exchange and foreign currency option contracts on that date. As of June 30, 2008, Sotheby’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets included an asset of $0.3 million recorded within Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets reflecting the aggregate fair value of Sotheby’s outstanding derivative instruments on that date.

CONTINGENCIES

          For information related to Contingencies, see Note 14 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

UNCERTAIN TAX POSITIONS

          For information related to Uncertain Tax Positions, see Note 19 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

FINANCIAL CONDITION AS OF JUNE 30, 2009

          This discussion should be read in conjunction with Sotheby’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (see Part I, Item 1, “Financial Statements”). For the six months ended June 30, 2009, total cash and cash equivalents decreased approximately $112.1 million to $141.4 million primarily due to the factors discussed below.

           Cash Used by Operating Activities —Net cash used by operating activities of $46.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2009 is principally the function of Sotheby’s net loss for the period and a $55 million decrease in accounts payable and accrued liabilities, partially offset by sales of inventory.

           Cash Used by Investing Activities —Net cash used by investing activities of $52.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2009 is principally due to the $85 million payment made in conjunction with the York Property purchase in February 2009 (see “York Property” above) and the funding of other capital expenditures ($7.4 million). These cash outflows are partially offset by a $26.9 million net decrease in client loans and a $14.4 million decrease in restricted cash.

           Cash Used by Financing Activities —Net cash used by financing activities of $15.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2009 is principally due to $13.6 million in dividend payments in the first half of 2009 and $1.6 million in repurchases of 7.75% Senior Notes in January 2009.

           Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities —On February 6, 2009, Sotheby’s purchased the York Property, financed in part through the assumption of an existing $235 million mortgage. (See “York Property” above.)

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

          Cash and Cash Equivalents —As of June 30, 2009, Sotheby’s had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $141.4 million, which are invested on a short-term basis in the highest rated AAA U.S. Treasury money market funds and the highest rated overnight time deposits with major banks.

           Bank Credit Facility —Sotheby’s has a senior secured credit agreement with a syndicate of lenders arranged by Bank of America Securities N.A. (“BofA”) (the “BofA Credit Agreement”) that expires on September 7, 2010. The borrowing capacity under the BofA Credit Agreement is limited to a borrowing base, which is summarized below. As of June 30, 2009, there were no outstanding borrowings under the BofA Credit Agreement, and the borrowing capacity was approximately $87 million, as calculated under the borrowing base.

44


          Borrowings under the BofA Credit Agreement are secured by substantially all of the non-real estate assets of Sotheby’s subsidiaries in the U.S. and the U.K. Additionally, the BofA Credit Agreement contains financial covenants which limit capital expenditures and dividend payments and which require Sotheby’s to maintain certain financial covenants, as discussed below. The BofA Credit Agreement also has certain non-financial covenants and restrictions. Management believes that Sotheby’s is in compliance with the current financial and non-financial covenants and restrictions under the BofA Credit Agreement discussed below.

          As disclosed in Sotheby’s Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2009, due to the downturn in the global economy and the international art market, it was likely that Sotheby’s would not meet certain of the financial covenants in the BofA Credit Agreement as of June 30, 2009. Sotheby’s also disclosed that management had commenced discussions regarding waivers and/or amendments to the BofA Credit Agreement, which would allow Sotheby’s to meet its financial covenants. Effective June 26, 2009, the BofA Credit Agreement was amended to provide for the following:

 

 

 

 

A waiver of the leverage ratio covenant for the twelve months ended June 30, 2009, September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2009. In the first quarter of 2010, the leverage ratio covenant will revert to current levels for the remaining term of the BofA Credit Agreement.

 

 

 

 

A waiver of the interest coverage ratio covenant for the twelve months ended June 30, 2009, September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2009. In the first quarter of 2010, the interest coverage ratio covenant will revert to current levels for the remaining term of the BofA Credit Agreement.

 

 

 

 

The addition of a consolidated senior secured leverage ratio. For the twelve months ended June 30, 2009, September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2009, the consolidated senior secured leverage ratio (as defined below) may not exceed 2.50:1.00.

 

 

 

 

The addition of a minimum consolidated EBITDA covenant. Consolidated EBITDA may not be less than (a) $47 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2009, (b) ($36 million) for the quarter ended September 30, 2009, and (c) $85 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2009.

 

 

 

 

An increase in the interest rate charged on outstanding borrowings, which will now be LIBOR plus a margin of 5.5%. Prior to this amendment, the interest rate charged on outstanding borrowings was LIBOR plus a margin between 3.25% and 4.5%, determined by reference to Sotheby’s leverage ratio.

 

 

 

 

An increase in commitment fees on undrawn amounts available under the BofA Credit Agreement, which will now be 0.875% per annum. Prior to this amendment, the commitment fees on undrawn amounts were between 0.625% and 0.875%, determined by reference to Sotheby’s leverage ratio.

 

 

 

 

A reduction in the total borrowing capacity from $250 million to $150 million.

 

 

 

 

A borrowing base equal to 85% of eligible loans (as defined below) made by Sotheby’s in the U.S. and the U.K., plus 15% of Sotheby’s inventory in the U.S. and the U.K. Prior to this amendment, the borrowing base was equal to 100% of eligible loans (as defined below) made by Sotheby’s in the U.S. and the U.K. plus 15% of Sotheby’s net tangible assets.

 

 

 

          As defined in the amendment:

 

 

 

 

“Consolidated senior secured leverage ratio” means the ratio of (a) consolidated funded indebtedness (excluding the York Property Mortgage) as of such date that is secured by a lien on Sotheby’s assets to (b) consolidated EBITDA for the most recently completed measurement period.

 

 

 

 

“Eligible loans” means notes made in favor of, or loan advances made by, Sotheby’s or any of its subsidiaries in connection with their lending and financing activities. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the following notes and loan advances shall not be considered “eligible loans”: (a) any note or loan advance to the extent that such note or loan advance is secured by a lien on collateral located outside the U.S. or the U.K., (b) any note or loan advance to the extent that such note or loan advance exceeds a loan to value ratio of 60%, (c) any non-accrual note or loan advance, (d) any note or loan advance where the obligor’s obligation to pay is subject to a good faith dispute or under litigation, (e) any unsecured note or loan advance, (f) any note or loan advance where the obligor thereon is an employee, (g) any note or loan advance with a final maturity date longer than one and one half years from the date of calculation, and (h) any note or loan advance that is subject to a lien other than any lien created in connection with the BofA Credit Agreement.

45


          As a result of the June 2009 amendment to the BofA Credit Agreement, Sotheby’s incurred upfront fees of approximately $1.5 million, which are being amortized to interest expense over the remaining term of the BofA Credit Agreement, which runs through September 2010. Also, principally as a result of the June 2009 amendment, in the second quarter of 2009, Sotheby’s recorded a $1.3 million charge in Other Expenses related to the partial write-off of previous arrangement and amendment fees, which no longer represent a future economic benefit to Sotheby’s.

          Management believes this amendment will not have a material adverse impact on Sotheby’s operating flexibility.

          Liquidity Requirements —Sotheby’s generally relies on operating cash flows supplemented by borrowings to meet its liquidity requirements.

          Sotheby’s short-term operating needs and capital requirements include working capital requirements, the funding of notes receivable and consignor advances, the funding of other short-term commitments to consignors, the funding of capital expenditures, the payment of any dividends, as well as the short-term commitments to be funded on or before June 30, 2010, included in the table of contractual obligations and commitments above.

          Sotheby’s long-term operating needs and capital requirements include working capital requirements, the funding of notes receivable and consignor advances, the funding of capital expenditures, as well as the funding of Sotheby’s presently anticipated long-term contractual obligations and commitments outlined in the table of contractual obligations and commitments above.

          Management believes that operating cash flows, cash balances and borrowings available under the BofA Credit agreement, as amended, will be adequate to meet Sotheby’s anticipated short-term and long-term commitments, operating needs and capital requirements through the September 2010 expiration of the BofA Credit Agreement. Additionally, as mentioned in previous filings, the Company has been having discussions with other lenders regarding a new revolving credit facility with an expiration date beyond September 2010 that would replace the BofA Credit Agreement. Management has recently entered into a commitment letter with GE Capital regarding a new three year, $150 million revolving credit facility. GE Capital has committed to a portion of the facility and the balance is being arranged by GE Capital Markets, Inc. The syndication process recently commenced, and the Company anticipates closing the facility in the third quarter of 2009 subject to satisfaction of conditions in the GE commitment letter. While management believes that the GE facility will close in the third quarter of 2009, management and its advisors also believe that the issuance of securities in public or private financing markets may also be available to Sotheby’s as an additional source of capital and liquidity. (See statement on Forward Looking Statements.)

DIVIDENDS

          On February 26, 2009, Sotheby’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.15 per share (approximately $10.2 million), which was paid on March 16, 2009 to shareholders of record as of March 9, 2009.

          On April 27, 2009, the Executive Committee of Sotheby’s Board of Directors approved a reduction in the expected annual dividend rate from $0.60 per share to $0.20 per share, a 67% reduction. On May 7, 2009, Sotheby’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.05 per share (approximately $3.4 million), which was paid on June 15, 2009 to shareholders of record as of June 1, 2009. On August 4, 2009, Sotheby’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.05 per share (approximately $3.4 million) to be paid to shareholders of record as of September 1, 2009 on September 15, 2009. The declaration and payment of future dividends to shareholders remains at the discretion of Sotheby’s Board of Directors and will depend on many factors, including Sotheby’s financial condition, cash flows, legal requirements and other factors as the Board of Directors deems relevant.

          Management will continue to assess Sotheby’s quarterly dividend based upon future operating results and capital requirements (See statement on Forward Looking Statements.)

FUTURE IMPACT OF RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

          In December 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 132(R)-1, “Employers’ Disclosures about Post Retirement Benefit Plan Assets.” This FSP amends SFAS No. 132(R), “Employers’ Disclosures about Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits,” and requires expanded disclosures about plan assets in an employer’s defined benefit pension or other post-retirement plans. The expanded disclosures require information to be provided on how investment decisions are made, the major categories of plan assets, input and valuation techniques used to measure fair value of plan assets and concentrations of risk with plan assets. Although earlier application is permitted, this FSP is not required to be applied by Sotheby’s until its annual report for the year ending December 31, 2009. The new disclosure requirements do not apply to interim financial statements. Management is evaluating the impact of adopting this FSP on Sotheby’s consolidated financial statements.

          In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 107-1 and APB 28-1, “Interim Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments” (“FSP No. FAS 107 and APB 28-1”), which requires publicly traded companies to disclose the fair value and related carrying amounts of its financial instruments in interim and annual reporting periods, as well as the methods and significant assumptions used to estimate fair value and any changes to such methods and assumptions. This standard is effective for Sotheby’s in the second quarter of 2009. Sotheby’s has adopted FSP No. FAS 107-1 and APB 28-1 as of June 30, 2009, as applicable. See Note 10 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

46


          In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 157-4, “Determining Fair Value When the Volume and Level of Activity for the Asset or Liability Have Significantly Decreased and Identifying Transactions That Are Not Orderly.” FSP No. FAS 157-4 provides additional guidance for estimating fair value in accordance with SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements”, when the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability have significantly decreased. FSP No. FAS 157-4 also includes guidance on identifying circumstances that indicate a transaction is not orderly. FSP No. FAS 157-4 requires the disclosure of the inputs and valuation technique(s) used to measure fair value and a discussion of changes in valuation techniques and related inputs, if any, during the period. Sotheby’s adopted this standard in the second quarter of 2009. The adoption of FSP No. FAS 157-4 did not have an impact on Sotheby’s results or financial position for the period ended June 30, 2009.

          In April 2009, the SEC Staff issued SAB No. 111. SAB No.  111 amends and replaces SAB Topic 5.M. in the SAB Series entitled “Other Than Temporary Impairment of Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities.” SAB No. 111 maintains the SEC Staff’s previous views related to equity securities and amends Topic 5.M. to exclude debt securities from its scope. Sotheby’s adopted this standard in the second quarter of 2009. The adoption of SAB No. 111 did not have an impact on Sotheby’s results or financial position for the period ended June 30, 2009.

          In April 2009, the FASB issued FASB FSP No. FAS 141 (R)-1, “Accounting for Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed in a Business Combination That Arise from Contingencies.” This FSP amends and clarifies FASB Statement No. 141(R) (revised 2007), “Business Combinations”, to address application issues raised by preparers, auditors, and members of the legal profession on initial recognition and measurement, subsequent measurement and accounting, and disclosure of assets and liabilities arising from contingencies in a business combination. This FSP is effective for assets or liabilities arising from contingencies in business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. As Sotheby’s has not made any acquisitions to-date in 2009, this standard has not had any impact on Sotheby’s results of operations or financial condition in 2009.

          In May 2009, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 165, “Subsequent Events.” SFAS No. 165 establishes general standards of accounting for, and disclosure of, events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued. SFAS No. 165 requires the disclosure of the date through which an entity has evaluated subsequent events and the basis for selecting that date, and in doing so, an entity must disclose whether that date represents the date the financial statements were issued or were available to be issued. SFAS No. 165 is effective for interim or annual financial periods ending after June 15, 2009. Sotheby’s has adopted SFAS No. 165, effective for the period ended June 30, 2009. The adoption of SFAS No. 165 did not have an impact on Sotheby’s results or financial position for the period ended June 30, 2009. Management of Sotheby’s has conducted its evaluation of subsequent events through August 5, 2009, which is the date on which the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained within this filing were issued.

          In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 168, the “FASB Accounting Standards Codification and the Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.” This standard replaces SFAS No. 162, “The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles,” and establishes only two levels of U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), authoritative and nonauthoritative. The FASB Accounting Standards Codification (the “Codification”) will become the source of authoritative, nongovernmental GAAP, except for rules and interpretive releases of the SEC, which are sources of authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. All other non-grandfathered, non-SEC accounting literature not included in the Codification will become nonauthoritative. This standard is effective for financial statements for interim or annual reporting periods ending after September 15, 2009. Sotheby’s will begin to use the new guidelines and numbering system prescribed by the Codification when referring to GAAP in its public filings in the third quarter of 2009. As the Codification was not intended to change or alter existing GAAP, Sotheby’s believes that it will not have any impact on its consolidated financial statements.

          In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 166, “Accounting for Transfers of Financial Assets, an amendment to SFAS No. 140” (“SFAS No. 166”) . The new standard eliminates the concept of a “qualifying special-purpose entity,” changes the requirements for derecognizing financial assets, and requires additional disclosures in order to enhance information reported to users of financial statements by providing greater transparency about transfers of financial assets, including securitization transactions, and an entity’s continuing involvement in and exposure to the risks related to transferred financial assets. SFAS No. 166 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2009. Sotheby’s will adopt SFAS No. 166 in 2010, and Sotheby’s is evaluating the potential impact it may have on its consolidated financial statements.

          In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 167, “Amendments to FASB Interpretation No. 46(R)” (“SFAS No. 167”). SFAS No. 167 changes how companies determine when an entity that is insufficiently capitalized or is controlled through voting (or similar rights) should be consolidated. SFAS No. 167 will become effective for Sotheby’s beginning in the first quarter of 2010. Management is evaluating the impact of adopting this standard on its consolidated financial statements.

          In June 2009, the SEC Staff issued SAB No. 112. SAB No. 112 amends or rescinds portions of the SEC Staff’s interpretive guidance included in the SAB Series in order to make the relevant interpretive guidance consistent with SFAS No. 141(R) and SFAS No. 160. Sotheby’s adopted this standard in the

47


second quarter of 2009. The adoption of SAB No. 112 did not have an impact on Sotheby’s results or financial position for the period ended June 30, 2009.

FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS

          This Form 10-Q contains certain forward looking statements; as such term is defined in Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, relating to future events and the financial performance of Sotheby’s. Such statements are only predictions and involve risks and uncertainties, resulting in the possibility that the actual events or performance will differ materially from such predictions. Major factors which management believes could cause the actual results to differ materially from the predicted results in the forward looking statements include, but are not limited to, the factors listed below under Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” which are not ranked in any particular order.

I TEM 3 : QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

          Sotheby’s continually evaluates its market risk associated with its financial instruments and derivative financial instruments (see above) during the course of its business. As of June 30, 2009, Sotheby’s financial instruments include its:

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

 

 

 

Restricted cash

 

 

 

 

Notes receivable and consignor advances (see Note 5 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements)

 

 

 

 

Trust assets related to the deferred compensation liability (see Note 11 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements)

 

 

 

 

York Property Mortgage (see Note 10 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements)

 

 

 

 

7.75% Senior Notes (see Note 10 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements)

 

 

 

 

3.125% Convertible Notes (see Note 10 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements)

 

 

 

 

Deferred compensation liability (see Note 11 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements), and

          Management believes that its interest rate risk is minimal as a hypothetical 10% increase or decrease in interest rates is immaterial to Sotheby’s cash flow, earnings and fair value related to its financial instruments. (See statement on Forward Looking Statements.)

          As of June 30, 2009, a hypothetical 10% strengthening or weakening of the U.S. dollar relative to all other currencies would result in a decrease or increase in cash flow of approximately $11 million.

          (See “Derivative Instruments” above and Note 18 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.)

I TEM 4 : CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

          As of June 30, 2009, Sotheby’s has carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of Sotheby’s management, including Sotheby’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of Sotheby’s disclosure controls and procedures. Based upon that evaluation, Sotheby’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that Sotheby’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)) were effective as of June 30, 2009.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

          There was no change in Sotheby’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during Sotheby’s most recent fiscal quarter that materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, Sotheby’s internal control over financial reporting.

48


P ART II: OTHER INFORMATION

I TEM 1 : LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

          Sotheby’s is involved from time to time in claims, proceedings and litigation, including the matters described below:

 

 

 

Sotheby’s Inc. v. Halsey Minor is an action commenced by a subsidiary of Sotheby’s in September 2008 in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York, seeking to collect approximately $18 million for three paintings that Mr. Minor purchased in auctions conducted by Sotheby’s in the spring of 2008. Mr. Minor filed a counterclaim in that action alleging that Sotheby’s had failed to disclose that the consignor of one of those paintings had an outstanding loan from Sotheby’s and asserting that the sale should, therefore, be rescinded or the price of the painting reduced. The counterclaim also asserted breaches of fiduciary duties arising from alleged art consulting advice provided to Mr. Minor by a Sotheby’s employee. In October 2008, Mr. Minor commenced a separate action in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California seeking recovery for alleged losses on behalf of a purported class of purchasers of properties that were subject to alleged undisclosed loans from Sotheby’s. The California action that Mr. Minor had commenced against Sotheby’s has been dismissed. In April 2009, Mr. Minor filed a motion in the New York action seeking to amend his answer and counterclaim to (i) broaden his rescission claim to cover an additional painting, (ii) add a claim for damages and (iii) seek injunctive relief. In May 2009, Sotheby’s opposed that motion and, in addition, moved for summary judgment against certain of Mr. Minor’s claims. In July 2009, Sotheby’s moved for summary judgment against the remainder of Mr. Minor’s claims, and Mr. Minor moved for summary judgment in favor of certain of his claims. While it is not possible to predict the outcome of litigation, management believes that there are meritorious defenses to the claims asserted in the counterclaim to the New York action and that they will not have a material adverse effect on Sotheby’s consolidated results of operations, financial condition and/or cash flows. This counterclaim is being vigorously defended.

 

 

 

Italian Matter —In October 2008, the Italian Antitrust Authority commenced an investigation of Italian auction houses and an Italian auction house trade association seeking evidence of practices that reduce competition, particularly in respect of the sale of modest value works of art. The Company’s subsidiary, Sotheby’s Italia S.r.l., fully cooperated with the investigation and has been advised by the Italian Antitrust Authority that the investigation has been completed. While it is not possible to predict whether any further action will be taken by the Italian Antitrust Authority, management does not believe that this matter will have a material adverse effect on Sotheby’s consolidated results of operations, financial condition and/or cash flows.

          Sotheby’s becomes involved in various other claims and lawsuits incidental to the ordinary course of its business. Management does not believe that the outcome of any of these pending claims or proceedings will have a material adverse effect on Sotheby’s consolidated results of operations, financial condition and/or cash flows.

          (See statement on Forward Looking Statements.)

I TEM 1A : RISK FACTORS

          Sotheby’s operating results and liquidity are significantly influenced by a number of risk factors, many of which are not within its control. These factors, which are not ranked in any particular order, include:

The supply of and demand for works of art can be adversely impacted by weakness in various worldwide economies and financial markets.

           The art market in which Sotheby’s operates is influenced over time by the overall strength of various worldwide economies and financial markets, although this correlation may not be immediately evident in the short-term. Sotheby’s business can be particularly influenced by the economies of the U.S., the U.K., and the major countries or territories of Continental Europe and Asia, and weakness in those economies can adversely affect its business.

Interest rates may negatively impact Sotheby’s cost of borrowing.

          Fluctuations in interest rates influence the cost of funds for borrowings under Sotheby’s senior secured credit facility, which is used periodically to finance working capital needs and, in particular, the Finance segment’s client loan portfolio.

Government laws and regulations may restrict or limit Sotheby’s business.

          Many of Sotheby’s activities are subject to laws and regulations including, but not limited to, import and export regulations, cultural property ownership laws, data protection and privacy laws, anti-money laundering laws, antitrust laws and value added sales taxes. In addition, Sotheby’s is subject to local auction regulations, such as New York City Auction Regulations Subchapter M of Title 6 §§ 2-121–2-125, et. seq. Such regulations do not impose a material impediment to the worldwide business of Sotheby’s, but do affect the market generally, and a material adverse change in such regulations could affect the business. Additionally, export and

49


import laws and cultural property ownership laws could affect the availability of certain kinds of property for sale at Sotheby’s principal auction locations or could increase the cost of moving property to such locations.

Political conditions and world events may negatively affect Sotheby’s business and customers.

          Global political conditions and world events may affect Sotheby’s business through their effect on the economies of various countries, as well as on the decision of buyers and sellers to purchase and sell art in the wake of economic uncertainty. Global political conditions may also influence the enactment of legislation that could adversely affect Sotheby’s business.

Foreign currency exchange rate movements can significantly increase or decrease Sotheby’s results of operations.

          Sotheby’s has operations throughout the world, with approximately 68% of its revenues earned outside of the U.S. in 2008. Accordingly, fluctuations in exchange rates can significantly increase or decrease Sotheby’s results of operations.

Competition in the art market is intense and may adversely impact Sotheby’s ability to obtain valuable consignments for sale at auction and the commission margins achieved on such consignments.

          Competition in the art market is intense, including competition both with other auctioneers and with art dealers. The intense competition for auction consignments and private sales can adversely impact the commission margins that Sotheby’s earns for services provided to its clients.

Sotheby’s cannot be assured of the amount and quality of property being consigned for sale at auction, which may cause significant variability in its financial results.

          The amount and quality of property being consigned for sale at auction is influenced by a number of factors not within Sotheby’s control. Many major consignments, and specifically single-owner sale consignments, often become available as a result of the death or financial or marital difficulties of the owner, all of which are unpredictable. This, plus the ability of Sotheby’s to sell such property, can cause auction and related revenues to be highly variable from period to period.

The demand for fine arts, decorative arts, and collectibles is unpredictable, which may cause significant variability in Sotheby’s financial results.

          The demand for fine arts, decorative arts, and collectibles is influenced not only by overall economic conditions, but also by changing trends in the art market as to which kinds of property and the works of which artists are most sought after and by the collecting preferences of individual collectors, all of which can be unpredictable and cause significant variability in Sotheby’s financial results.

The loss of key personnel could adversely impact Sotheby’s ability to compete.

          Sotheby’s business is largely a service business in which the ability of its employees to develop and maintain relationships with potential sellers and buyers of works of art is essential to its success. Moreover, Sotheby’s business is both complex and unique, making it important to retain key specialists and members of management. Accordingly, Sotheby’s business is highly dependent upon its success in attracting and retaining qualified personnel.

Sotheby’s relies on a small number of clients for a significant portion of Sotheby’s revenues and profitability.

          Sotheby’s relies on a small number of important clients who make a significant contribution to its business and profitability. Accordingly, Sotheby’s business and profitability is highly dependent upon its ability to develop and maintain relationships with this small group of important clients.

Demand for art-related financing is unpredictable.

          Sotheby’s Finance segment is dependent on the demand for art-related financing, which can be significantly influenced by overall economic conditions and by the often unpredictable financial requirements of owners of major art collections.

The strategic initiatives and restructuring plans that Sotheby’s is relying on to improve profitability may not succeed.

          Management is implementing certain strategic initiatives, as well as restructuring plans. Sotheby’s future operating results are dependent in part on management’s success in implementing these plans. Implementation of Sotheby’s strategic plans and its restructuring plans could unfavorably impact its short-term operating results. (See “Restructuring Plans and Related Charges” under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and statement on Forward Looking Statements.)

50


The value of artwork is subjective and often fluctuates, exposing Sotheby’s to losses in the value of its inventory and loan collateral and significant variability in its financial results.

           The art market is not a highly liquid trading market, as a result of which, the valuation of artwork is inherently subjective and the realizable value of artwork often fluctuates over time. Accordingly, Sotheby’s is at risk both as to the value of art held as inventory and as to the value of artworks pledged as collateral for Finance segment loans. Those factors may cause significant variability in Sotheby’s financial results.

Auction guarantees create risk of loss from inaccurate valuation of artworks.

          As discussed above, the art market is not a highly liquid trading market and, as a result, the valuation of artwork is inherently subjective. Accordingly, Sotheby’s is at risk with respect to its ability to estimate the likely selling prices of works of art offered under auction guarantees. Accordingly, if management’s judgments about the likely selling prices of works of art which are subject to auction guarantees prove to be inaccurate, there could be an adverse impact on Sotheby’s results of operations, financial condition and liquidity.

U.K. Pension Plan cost is dependent on unpredictable factors, which may cause significant variability in Sotheby’s employee benefit costs.

           Future costs and obligations related to Sotheby’s defined benefit pension plan in the U.K. are heavily influenced by changes in interest rates, investment performance in the debt and equity markets and actuarial assumptions, each of which is unpredictable and may cause significant variability in Sotheby’s employee benefit costs.

Variations in taxable income in the various jurisdictions in which Sotheby’s operates and tax law changes can significantly affect Sotheby’s effective income tax rate.

          Sotheby’s operates in many tax jurisdictions throughout the world. Variations in taxable income in the various jurisdictions in which Sotheby’s does business can have a significant impact on its effective tax rate.

         Similarly, Sotheby’s clients reside in various tax jurisdictions throughout the world. To the extent that there are changes to tax laws in any of these jurisdictions, such changes could adversely impact the ability and/or willingness of Sotheby’s clients to purchase or sell works of art.

Insurance coverage for artwork may become more difficult to obtain, exposing Sotheby’s to losses for artwork in Sotheby’s possession.

           Sotheby’s maintains insurance coverage for the works of art it owns and for works of art consigned to it by its clients, which are stored at Sotheby’s facilities around the world. An inability to adequately insure such works of art due to limited capacity of the global art insurance market in the future could have an adverse impact on Sotheby’s business.

The ability to obtain sufficient capital resources and/or liquidity could adversely impact Sotheby’s business.

          The inability to obtain sufficient capital resources and/or liquidity could adversely impact Sotheby’s operating flexibility, as well as its future financial condition and/or results of operations.

A charge to earnings would be required if the values of Sotheby’s goodwill, amortizable intangible assets or other long-lived assets become impaired.

          Sotheby’s is required under generally accepted accounting principles to test goodwill for impairment at least annually and to review amortizable intangible assets and other long-lived assets for impairment when events or changes in circumstance indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. Factors that could lead to impairment of goodwill include a decline in Sotheby’s stock price and market capitalization, a significant adverse change in the business climate and declines in the financial condition of Sotheby’s auction business. Factors that could lead to impairment of intangible assets include a significant adverse change in the business climate and declines in the financial condition of operations related to the intangible asset. Factors that are considered when evaluating other long-lived assets for impairment include a current expectation that it is more likely than not that the long-lived asset will be sold significantly before the end of its useful life, a significant decrease in the market price of the long-lived asset and a significant change in the extent or manner in which the long-lived asset is being used. Sotheby’s may be required to record a charge in its financial statements during the period in which any impairment of its goodwill, amortizable intangible assets or other long-lived assets is determined, negatively impacting its results of operations.

51


ITEM 4 : SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

On May 7, 2009, Sotheby’s held its annual meeting of shareholders. The matters on which the shareholders voted were:

 

 

 

 

(i)

The election of eleven directors by the holders of Sotheby’s Common Stock;

 

 

 

 

(ii)

The ratification of the appointment of Deloitte & Touche LLP as Sotheby’s independent auditors for the year ending December 31, 2009.

The results of the voting are shown below:

 

 

(i)

ELECTION OF CLASS A COMMON STOCK DIRECTORS


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NOMINEES

 

FOR

 

AGAINST

 

WITHHELD

 


 


 


 


 

 

John M. Angelo

 

50,568,841

 

0

 

 

1,345,072

 

Michael Blakenham

 

50,518,069

 

0

 

 

1,395,844

 

The Duke of Devonshire

 

46,037,551

 

0

 

 

5,876,362

 

Allen Questrom

 

50,818,491

 

0

 

 

1,095,422

 

William F. Ruprecht

 

50,508,535

 

0

 

 

1,405,378

 

Michael I. Sovern

 

50,804,344

 

0

 

 

1,109,569

 

Donald M. Stewart

 

50,564,310

 

0

 

 

1,349,603

 

Robert S. Taubman

 

50,533,754

 

0

 

 

1,380,159

 

Diana L. Taylor

 

50,801,512

 

0

 

 

1,112,401

 

Dennis M. Weibling

 

50,821,269

 

0

 

 

1,092,644

 

Robin G. Woodhead

 

50,513,389

 

0

 

 

1,400,524

 



 

 

(ii)

RATIFICATION OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS


 

 

 

 

 

51,913,913

 

Votes were cast;

 

51,139,171

 

Votes were cast for the resolution;

 

753,490

 

Votes were cast against the resolution; and

 

21,252

 

Votes abstained

52


ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

          On August 4, 2009 at a regularly scheduled meeting, Sotheby’s Board of Directors unanimously adopted amendments to Article VII of Sotheby’s existing By-Laws that relate to indemnification of and advancement of fees to various persons, including directors and officers. The key terms of these amendments are as follows:

 

 

Section 7.1 of the By-Laws was amended to clarify that a person’s indemnification and advancement rights may only be broadened by future amendments to the Delaware General Corporation Law (the “DGCL”) and that these rights are contract rights of that person that continue to exist for actions taken while serving in a particular capacity even though the person no longer serves in that capacity. In addition, text was deleted from this section concerning the standard for indemnification as it unnecessarily repeated provisions of the DGCL applicable to Sotheby’s.

 

 

Section 7.2 of the By-Laws was deleted because its text unnecessarily repeated provisions of the DGCL applicable to Sotheby’s.

 

 

Former Section 7.3 of the By-Laws (now Section 7.2) was amended to require that advancement claims by entitled persons must be made within 20 days of Sotheby’s receipt of the claim.

 

 

A new Section 7.3 was inserted in the By-Laws to provide a more formal procedure for submitting indemnification claims.

 

 

Section 7.4 of the By-Laws was amended to shorten from 60 days to 30 days the time an indemnification claimant must wait after submitting the claim before filing suit against Sotheby’s for failing to honor that claim and to clarify the circumstances in which Sotheby’s may assert defenses to an indemnification claim.

 

 

Section 7.5 of the By-Laws was amended to prohibit termination of a person’s indemnification and advancement rights with respect to a person’s service prior to the date of such termination.

 

 

Other sections of the By-Laws were amended (and new sections inserted) to provide for various clarifications, definitions and procedures related to the amendments described above.

 

 

 

 

          The foregoing summary is qualified in its entirety by the full By-Laws, amended and restated to reflect the described amendments, a blacklined copy of which is attached to this Form 10-Q as Exhibit 3.2 and is incorporated by reference in this Item 5.

53


ITEM 6 : EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K

 

 

 

 

 

(a)

Exhibits

 

 

 

 

 

 

3.2

By-Laws of Sotheby’s, as amended and restated as of August 4, 2009.

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.1

Form of Indemnity Agreement.

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.2

Amendment No. 10 to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement among Sotheby’s (a Delaware corporation), Sotheby’s Inc., Oatshare and Sotheby’s (a company registered in England and Wales) and Bank of America, N.A. dated June 26, 2009, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K dated June 26, 2009.

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.3

Amendment to the August 3, 2006 Severance Agreement (as amended March 7, 2008) between Sotheby’s and William S. Sheridan, dated April 27, 2009, effective May 1, 2009, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K dated April 28, 2009.

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.4

Amendment to the August 15, 2006 Employment Agreement (as amended March 7, 2008) between Sotheby’s and Robin Woodhead, dated April 27, 2009, effective May 1, 2009, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Form 8-K dated April 28, 2009.

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.5

Letter Agreement between Sotheby’s and Bruno Vinciguerra, with related Terms of Employment, dated April 27, 2009, effective May 1, 2009, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Form 8-K dated April 28, 2009.

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.6

Letter Agreement between Sotheby’s and Mitchell Zuckerman, with related Terms of Employment, dated April 27, 2009, effective May 1, 2009, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Form 8-K dated April 28, 2009.

 

 

 

 

 

 

31.1

Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

 

 

 

 

 

31.2

Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

 

 

 

 

 

32.1

Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

 

 

 

 

 

32.2

Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

 

 

 

 

(b)

Reports on Form 8-K

 

 

 

 

 

 

(i)

On June 26, 2009, the Company filed a current report on Form 8-K under Item 1.01, “Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement” and Item 9.01, “Financial Statements and Exhibits.”

 

 

 

 

 

 

(ii)

On May 13, 2009, the Company filed a current report on Form 8-K under Item 2.02, “Results of Operations and Financial Condition” and Item 9.01, “Financial Statements and Exhibits.”

 

 

 

 

 

 

(iii)

On April 28, 2009, the Company filed a current report on Form 8-K under Item 2.05, “Cost Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities”; Item 5.02, “Departure of Directors or Principal Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers; Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers”; Item 8.01, “Other Events” and Item 9.01, “Financial Statements and Exhibits.”

54


SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Company has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

 

 

 

SOTHEBY’S

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Kevin M. Delaney

 

 


 

 

Kevin M. Delaney

 

 

Senior Vice President,

 

 

Controller and Chief

 

 

Accounting Officer

 

 

 

Date: August 5, 2009

55


Exhibit Index

 

 

 

Exhibit
No.

 

Description


 


3.2

 

By-Laws of Sotheby’s, as amended and restated as of August 4, 2009.

 

 

 

10.1

 

Form of Indemnity Agreement.

 

 

 

10.2

 

Amendment No. 10 to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement among Sotheby’s (a Delaware corporation), Sotheby’s Inc., Oatshare and Sotheby’s (a company registered in England and Wales) and Bank of America, N.A. dated June 26, 2009, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K dated June 26, 2009.

 

 

 

10.3

 

Amendment to the August 3, 2006 Severance Agreement (as amended March 7, 2008) between Sotheby’s and William S. Sheridan, dated April 27, 2009, effective May 1, 2009, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K dated April 28, 2009.

 

 

 

10.4

 

Amendment to the August 15, 2006 Employment Agreement (as amended March 7, 2008) between Sotheby’s and Robin Woodhead, dated April 27, 2009, effective May 1, 2009, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Form 8-K dated April 28, 2009.

 

 

 

10.5

 

Letter Agreement between Sotheby’s and Bruno Vinciguerra, with related Terms of Employment, dated April 27, 2009, effective May 1, 2009, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Form 8-K dated April 28, 2009.

 

 

 

10.6

 

Letter Agreement between Sotheby’s and Mitchell Zuckerman, with related Terms of Employment, dated April 27, 2009, effective May 1, 2009, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Form 8-K dated April 28, 2009.

 

 

 

31.1

 

Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

 

 

31.2

 

Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

 

 

32.1

 

Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

 

 

32.2

 

Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

56


EXHIBIT 3.2

BY-LAWS OF SOTHEBY’S

(a Delaware corporation, the “Corporation”)

(amended and restated as of August 4, 2009 )

ARTICLE I

Stockholders

           Section 1.1. Annual Meetings . An annual meeting of stockholders shall be held for the election of Directors, and, subject to Section 1.12 of these By-Laws, to conduct such other proper business as may be brought before the meeting, at such date, time and place, either within or without the State of Delaware, as may be designated by resolution of the Board of Directors.

           Section 1.2. Special Meetings . Subject to the rights of holders of shares of any class or series of Preferred Stock in respect of meetings of the holders of such shares, special meetings of stockholders for any purpose or purposes may be called at any time by the Chairman of the Board, if any, the President and Chief Executive Officer, the Board of Directors, or by a committee of the Board of Directors that has been duly designated by the Board of Directors and whose powers and authority, as expressly provided in a resolution of the Board of Directors, include the power to call such meetings, but such special meetings may not be called by any other person or persons. Business transacted at any special meeting of stockholders shall be limited to matters relating to the purpose or purposes stated in the notice of such special meeting.

           Section 1.3. Notice of Meetings . Whenever stockholders are required or permitted to take any action at a meeting, a written notice of the meeting shall be given in writing or by electronic transmission in accordance with applicable law to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at such meeting. Such notice shall state the place, date and hour of the meeting and, in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called. Unless otherwise provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws, the notice of any meeting shall be given not less than ten (10) nor more than sixty (60) days before the date of the meeting to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting. If mailed, such notice shall be deemed to be given when deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, directed to the stockholder at the address of such stockholder as it appears on the records of the Corporation.

           Section 1.4. Adjournments . Any meeting of stockholders, annual or special, may be adjourned from time to time by the chairman of such meeting, whether or not there is a quorum present at such meeting, to reconvene at the same or some other place, and notice need not be given of any such adjourned meeting if the time and place thereof are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken. At the adjourned meeting the Corporation may transact any business that might have been transacted at the original meeting. If the adjournment is for more than thirty (30) days, or if after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned


meeting, notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting.

           Section 1.5. Quorum . Except as otherwise provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws, at each meeting of stockholders the presence in person or by proxy of the holders of shares of capital stock of the Corporation having a majority of the votes that could be cast by the holders of all outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote at the meeting shall be necessary and sufficient to constitute a quorum. In the absence of a quorum, the chairman of such meeting may adjourn the meeting from time to time in the manner provided in Section 1.4 of these By-Laws until a quorum shall attend. Shares of capital stock of the Corporation belonging to the Corporation or to another corporation, if a majority of the shares entitled to vote in the election of directors of such other corporation is held, directly or indirectly, by the Corporation, shall neither be entitled to vote nor be counted for purposes of determining whether a quorum is present at any meeting of stockholders; provided , however , that the foregoing shall not limit the right of the Corporation to vote capital stock, including but not limited to its own capital stock, held by it (or any other corporation) in a fiduciary capacity. The stockholders present at a duly called meeting at which a quorum is present may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough stockholders to leave less than a quorum.

           Section 1.6. Organization . Meetings of stockholders shall be presided over by the Chairman of the Board, if any, or in the absence of the Chairman of the Board by the Vice Chairman of the Board, if any, or in the absence of the Vice Chairman of the Board by the President and Chief Executive Officer, or in the absence of the President and Chief Executive Officer by any Vice President, or in the absence of the foregoing persons by a chairman designated by the Board of Directors, or in the absence of such designation by a chairman chosen at the meeting. The Secretary shall act as secretary of the meeting, but the chairman of the meeting may appoint any person to act as secretary of the meeting. The chairman of the meeting shall announce at the meeting of stockholders the date and time of the opening and the closing of the polls for each matter upon which the stockholders will vote.

           Section 1.7. Voting; Proxies . Except as otherwise provided by the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation, each stockholder entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders shall be entitled to one vote for each share of capital stock of the Corporation held by such stockholder that has voting power upon the matter in question. Each stockholder entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders may authorize another person or persons to act for him by proxy, but no such proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three years from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period. A proxy shall be irrevocable if it states that it is irrevocable and if, and only as long as, it is coupled with an interest sufficient in law to support an irrevocable power. A stockholder may revoke any proxy that is not irrevocable by attending the meeting and voting in person or by filing an instrument in writing revoking the proxy or by delivering a proxy in accordance with applicable law bearing a later date to the Secretary of the Corporation. Voting at meetings of stockholders need not be by written ballot and, unless otherwise required by law, need not be conducted by inspectors of election. At all meetings of stockholders for the election of Directors, a plurality of the votes cast shall be sufficient to elect Directors. All other matters considered at a meeting of stockholders shall, unless otherwise


provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws, be decided by a majority of the votes that could be cast by the holders of all outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote thereon that are present in person or by proxy at such meeting (assuming that a quorum is present).

           Section 1.8. Fixing Date for Determination of Stockholders of Record . In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of capital stock of the Corporation or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors and which record date: (a) in the case of determination of stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders or adjournment thereof, shall, unless otherwise required by law, not be more than sixty (60) nor less than ten (10) days before the date of such meeting; and (b) in the case of any other action, shall not be more than sixty (60) days prior to such other action. If no record date is fixed: (i) the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held; and (ii) the record date for determining stockholders for any other purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating thereto. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided , however , that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.

           Section 1.9. List of Stockholders Entitled to Vote . The Secretary shall prepare and make, at least ten (10) days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number and class of shares of capital stock of the Corporation registered in the name of each stockholder. Nothing in this Section 1.9 shall require the Corporation to include electronic mail addresses or other electronic contact information on such list. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder for any purpose germane to the meeting for a period of at least ten (10) days prior to the meeting: (a) on a reasonably accessible electronic network, provided that the information required to gain access to such list is provided with the notice of the meeting, or (b) during ordinary business hours, at the principal place of business of the Corporation. In the event that the Corporation determines to make the list available on an electronic network, the Corporation may take reasonable steps to ensure that such information is available only to stockholders of the Corporation. If the meeting is to be held at a place, then the list shall be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present. If the meeting is to be held solely by means of remote communication, then the list shall also be open to the examination of any stockholder during the whole time of the meeting on a reasonably accessible electronic network, and the information required to access such list shall be provided with the notice of the meeting. Upon the willful neglect or refusal of the Directors to produce such a list at any meeting for the election of Directors held at a place, or to open such a list to examination on a reasonably accessible electronic network during any meeting for the election of directors held solely by


means of remote communication, they shall be ineligible for election to any office at such meeting. The stock ledger shall be the only evidence as to which stockholders are entitled to examine the list of stockholders or to vote in person or by proxy at any meeting of stockholders.

           Section 1.10. No Action By Consent of Stockholders . No action required to be taken or that may be taken at an annual or special meeting of stockholders of the Corporation may be taken without a meeting, and the power of stockholders to take action by consent in writing, without a meeting, is expressly denied.

           Section 1.11. Conduct of Meetings . The Board of Directors may adopt by resolution such rules and regulations for the conduct of the meeting of stockholders as it shall deem appropriate. Except to the extent inconsistent with such rules and regulations as may be adopted by the Board of Directors, the chairman of any meeting of stockholders shall have the right and authority to prescribe such rules, regulations and procedures and to do all such acts as, in the judgment of such chairman, are appropriate for the proper conduct of the meeting. Such rules, regulations or procedures, whether adopted by the Board of Directors or prescribed by the chairman of the meeting, may include, without limitation, the following: (a) the establishment of an agenda or order of business for the meeting; (b) rules and procedures for maintaining order at the meeting and the safety of those present; (c) limitations on attendance at or participation in the meeting to stockholders of record, their duly authorized and constituted proxies or such other persons as the chairman of the meeting shall determine; (d) restrictions on entry to the meeting after the time fixed for the commencement thereof; and (e) limitations on the time allotted to questions or comments by participants. Unless and to the extent determined by the Board of Directors or the chairman of the meeting, meetings of stockholders shall not be required to be held in accordance with the rules of parliamentary procedure.

           Section 1.12. Advance Notice of Stockholder Business. At an annual meeting of the stockholders, only such business shall be conducted as shall have been properly brought before the meeting. To be properly brought before an annual meeting, business must be (a) specified in the notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, (b) otherwise properly brought before the meeting by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, or (c) otherwise properly brought before the meeting by a stockholder of the Corporation who was a stockholder of record at the time of giving of notice provided for in this Section 1.12 . For business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder of record, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice must be delivered to, or mailed and received by, the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close of business on the sixtieth (60 th ) day nor earlier than the close of business on the ninetieth (90 th ) day prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting; provided , however , that in the event that the date of the annual meeting is more than thirty (30) days before or more than sixty (60) days after such anniversary date, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so delivered not earlier than the close of business on the ninetieth (90 th ) day prior to such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the sixtieth (60 th ) day prior to such annual meeting or the tenth (10 th ) day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made by the Corporation. In no event shall the public announcement of an adjournment of an annual meeting commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder’s


notice as described above. A stockholder’s notice to the Secretary shall set forth as to each matter the stockholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting (i) a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the annual meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting, (ii) the name and address, as they appear on the Corporation’s books, of the stockholder proposing such business, and, if applicable, the beneficial owner on whose behalf the stockholder is acting, (iii) the class and number of shares of capital stock of the Corporation that are owned of record by the stockholder, and, if applicable, beneficially by the beneficial owner, and (iv) any material interest of the stockholder or, if applicable, the beneficial owner in such business. Notwithstanding anything in these By-Laws to the contrary, no business shall be conducted at any annual meeting except in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 1.12 . The chairman of the annual meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that business was not properly brought before the meeting and in accordance with the provisions of this Section 1.12 , and if the chairman should so determine, the chairman shall so declare to the meeting, and any such business not properly brought before the meeting shall not be transacted.

           Section 1.13. Notice of Stockholder Nominees . Only persons who are nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 1.13 shall be eligible for election as Directors. Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors may be made at a meeting of stockholders by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or by any stockholder entitled to vote for the election of Directors at the meeting who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 1.13 . Such nominations, other than those made by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, shall be made pursuant to timely notice in writing to the Secretary. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice shall be delivered to, or mailed and received by, the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close of business on the sixtieth (60 th ) day nor earlier than the close of business on the ninetieth (90 th ) day prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting; provided , however , that in the event that the date of the annual meeting is more than thirty (30) days before or more than sixty (60) days after such anniversary date, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so delivered not earlier than the close of business on the ninetieth (90 th ) day prior to such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the sixtieth (60 th ) day prior to such annual meeting or the tenth (10 th ) day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made by the Corporation. In no event shall the public announcement of an adjournment of an annual meeting commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above. Such stockholder’s notice to the Secretary shall set forth: (a) as to each person whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election or reelection as a Director, (i) the name, age, business address and residence address of such person, (ii) the principal occupation or employment of such person, (iii) the class and number of shares of capital stock of the Corporation that are beneficially owned by such person, and (iv) any other information relating to such person that is required to be disclosed in solicitations of proxies for election of Directors, or is otherwise required, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (including, without limitation, such persons’ written consent to being named in the proxy statement as a nominee and to serving as a Director if elected); and (b) as to the stockholder giving the notice (i) the name and address, as they appear on the Corporation’s books, of such stockholder and (ii) the class and number of shares of capital stock of the Corporation that are beneficially owned by such stockholder. At the request


of the Board of Directors any person nominated by the Board of Directors for election as a Director shall furnish to the Secretary that information required to be set forth in a stockholder’s notice of nomination that pertains to the nominee. No person shall be eligible for election as a Director unless nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 1.13 . The chairman of the meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that a nomination was not made in accordance with the procedures prescribed by these By-Laws, and if the chairman should so determine, the chairman shall so declare to the meeting, and the defective nomination shall be disregarded.

           Section 1.14. Special Meetings of Stockholders. Only such business shall be conducted at a special meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting. Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors may be made at a special meeting of stockholders at which Directors are to be elected pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting (a) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or (b) provided that the Board of Directors has determined that Directors shall be elected at such meeting, by any stockholder of the Corporation who is a stockholder of record at the time of giving of notice provided for in this Section 1.14 , who shall be entitled to vote at the meeting and who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 1.14 . In the event the Corporation calls a special meeting of stockholders for the purpose of electing one or more Directors to the Board of Directors, any such stockholder may nominate a person or persons (as the case may be), for election to such position(s) as specified in the Corporation’s notice of meeting, if the stockholder’s notice required by Section 1.13 of these By-Laws shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not earlier than the close of business on the ninetieth (90 th ) day prior to such special meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the sixtieth (60 th ) day prior to such special meeting or the tenth (10 th ) day following the day on which public announcement is first made of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the Board of Directors to be elected at such meeting. In no event shall the public announcement of an adjournment of a special meeting commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above.

ARTICLE II

Board of Directors

           Section 2.1. Number; Qualifications . The Board of Directors shall consist of one or more members, the number thereof to be determined from time to time by resolution of the Board of Directors. Directors need not be stockholders. The Board of Directors may, if it so determines, choose a Chairman of the Board and a Vice Chairman of the Board from among its members. No decrease in the number of authorized directors shall shorten the term of any incumbent Director.

           Section 2.2. Election; Resignation; Vacancies; Removal . The Board of Directors shall initially consist of the persons named as Directors by the incorporator, and each Director so elected shall hold office until such Director’s successor is elected and qualified. At the first annual meeting of stockholders and at each annual meeting thereafter, the stockholders shall elect Directors each of whom shall hold office until such Director’s successor is elected and


qualified. Any Director may resign at any time upon written notice to the Corporation. Any newly created Directorship or any vacancy occurring in the Board of Directors for any cause may be filled solely by a majority of the remaining members of the Board of Directors, although such majority is less than a quorum or by a single remaining Director, and each Director so elected shall hold office until such Director’s successor is elected and qualified. Subject to the rights of holders of shares of any class or series of Preferred Stock with respect to such class or series of Preferred Stock, any director, or the entire Board of Directors, may be removed from office at any time, either with or without cause, by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the shares then entitled to vote at an election of Directors.

           Section 2.3. Regular Meetings . Regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held at such places within or without the State of Delaware and at such times as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine, and, if so determined, notices thereof need not be given.

           Section 2.4. Special Meetings . Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be held at any time or place within or without the State of Delaware whenever called by the Chairman of the Board, the President and Chief Executive Officer, the Secretary, or any other Director. Notice of a special meeting of the Board of Directors shall be given by the person or persons calling the meeting at least twenty-four hours before the special meeting, unless such notice is waived by each Director who is not present for such special meeting.

           Section 2.5. Telephonic Meetings Permitted . Directors, or any member of any committee designated by the Board of Directors, may participate in a meeting thereof by means of conference telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation in a meeting pursuant to this By-Law shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.

           Section 2.6. Quorum; Vote Required for Action . At all meetings of the Board of Directors a majority of the whole Board of Directors (including any vacancies) shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. Except in cases in which the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws otherwise provide, the vote of a majority of the Directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board of Directors.

           Section 2.7. Organization . Meetings of the Board of Directors shall be presided over by the Chairman of the Board, if any, or in the absence of the Chairman of the Board by the Vice Chairman of the Board, if any, or in the absence of the Vice Chairman of the Board by the President and Chief Executive Officer, or in their absence by a chairman chosen at the meeting. The Secretary shall act as secretary of the meeting, but the chairman of the meeting may appoint any person to act as secretary of the meeting.

           Section 2.8. Informal Action by Directors . Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors, or of any committee thereof, may be taken without a meeting if all Directors or members of such committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission, and the writing or writings or paper evidence of the electronic


transmission are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors or such committee.

           Section 2.9. Compensation . By resolution of the Board of Directors an annual or other fee as well as a fixed sum and expenses may be allowed for service as a member of the Board of Directors, for attendance at each annual or special meeting of the Board of Directors and for attendance by a member of such committee at each meeting of any committee designated by the Board of Directors; provided , however , that nothing herein contained shall be construed to preclude any Director from serving the Corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor.

ARTICLE III

Committees

           Section 3.1. Committees . The Board of Directors may by resolution designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the Directors. The Board of Directors may designate one or more Directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. Any such committee, to the extent permitted by law and to the extent provided in the resolution of the Board of Directors, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation, and may authorize the seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers that may require it.

           Section 3.2. Committee Rules . Unless the Board of Directors otherwise provides, each committee designated by the Board of Directors may make, alter and repeal rules for the conduct of its business. In the absence of such rules each committee shall conduct its business in the same manner as the Board of Directors conducts its business pursuant to Article II of these By-Laws.

ARTICLE IV

Advisory Committee

           Section 4.1. Advisory Committee: Constitution and Powers . The President and Chief Executive Officer, in consultation with the Chairman of the Board, if any, may designate an advisory committee (to be known as the “Advisory Committee” or “Advisory Board”), the members of which need not be Directors but shall be prominent members of the art or business communities of the world. The Advisory Committee and its members shall advise the Corporation as to matters relating to conditions in the national and international art markets and shall recommend actions that the Corporation may take in respect thereto. The compensation, if any, of the members of the Advisory Committee shall be fixed from time to time by the President and Chief Executive Officer, in consultation with the Chairman of the Board, if any. The Advisory Committee, as such, shall have no rights, powers, duties, authority, or responsibilities in respect of the Corporation or its shareholders but shall be entitled to all of the indemnifications to which a member of the Board of Directors is entitled.


           Section 4.2. Meetings of Advisory Committee . Meetings of the Advisory Committee shall be held at such time(s) and place(s), as shall from time to time be determined by resolution of the Advisory Committee or by its chairman, who shall be elected by the Board of Directors or appointed by the President and Chief Executive Officer. In case the day so determined shall be a legal holiday, such meeting shall be held on the next succeeding day, not a legal holiday, at the same hour.

           Section 4.3. Vacancies in Advisory Committee . Any newly created memberships and vacancies occurring in the Advisory Committee may be filled by the President and Chief Executive Officer, in consultation with the Chairman of the Board, if any.

ARTICLE V

Officers

           Section 5.1. Officers; Election; Qualifications; Term of Office; Resignation; Removal; Vacancies . The Board of Directors shall elect a President and Chief Executive Officer and a Secretary. The Board of Directors may also choose a Chairman of the Board, one or more Vice Chairmen of the Board, one or more Vice Presidents (who may be further designated as Executive Vice Presidents or Senior Vice Presidents), one or more Assistant Secretaries, a Chief Financial Officer, a Treasurer and one or more Assistant Treasurers and such other officers as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine. Each such officer shall hold office until the first meeting of the Board of Directors after the annual meeting of stockholders next succeeding his election, and until such officer’s successor is elected and qualified or until his earlier resignation or removal. Any officer may resign at any time upon written notice to the Corporation. The Board of Directors may remove any officer with or without cause at any time, but such removal shall be without prejudice to the contractual rights of such officer, if any, with the Corporation. Any number of offices may be held by the same person. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the Corporation by death, resignation, removal or otherwise may be filled for the unexpired portion of the term by the Board of Directors at any regular or special meeting.

           Section 5.2. Powers and Duties of Executive Officers . The officers of the Corporation shall have such powers and duties in the management of the Corporation as may be prescribed in a resolution by the Board of Directors and, to the extent not so provided, as generally pertain to their respective offices, subject to the control of the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may require any officer, agent or employee to give security for the faithful performance of his duties.

ARTICLE VI

Stock

           Section 6.1. Stock Certificates . Every holder of stock shall be entitled to have a certificate signed by or in the name of the Corporation by the Chairman or Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors, if any, or the President and Chief Executive Officer or a Vice President, and by the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer, or the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, of the


Corporation certifying the number and class of shares of capital stock of the Corporation owned by such stockholder; provided that the Board of Directors may provide by resolution that some or all classes of its capital stock shall be uncertificated shares. Any such resolution shall not apply to shares represented by a certificate until such certificate is surrendered to the Corporation. Any of or all the signatures on the certificate may be a facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent, or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if he were such officer, transfer agent, or registrar at the date of issue.

           Section 6.2. Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Stock Certificates; Issuance of New Certificates . The Corporation may issue a new certificate of stock in the place of any certificate theretofore issued by it, alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, and the Corporation may require the owner of the lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, or his legal representative, to give the Corporation a bond sufficient to indemnify it against any claim that may be made against it on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of any such certificate or the issuance of such new certificate.

           Section 6.3. Transfer Agents and Registrars . The Board of Directors may appoint, or authorize any officer or officers to appoint, one or more transfer agents and one or more registrars.

ARTICLE VII

Indemnification

          Section 7.1. Right to Indemnification . The Corporation shall indemnify and hold harmless, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law authorized by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware as it currently exists or may hereafter be amended (but, in the case of any such amendment, only to the extent that such amendment permits the Corporation to provide broader indemnification rights than said law permitted the Corporation to provide prior to such amendment) , any person who was or is made or is threatened to be made a party or is otherwise involved in any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative ( other than an action by or in the right of the Corporation ) hereinafter, a “proceeding”) by reason of the fact that such person, or a person for whom such person is the legal representative, is or was , at any time during which these By-laws are in effect (whether or not such person continues to serve in such capacity at the time any indemnification or payment of expenses pursuant hereto is sought or at the time any proceeding relating thereto exists or is brought) a Director or officer of the Corporation or , while a Director or officer of the Corporation, is or was at any such time serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, trustee, employee or agent of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust, enterprise or nonprofit entity, including service with respect to employee benefit plans maintained or sponsored by the Corporation (including the heirs, executors, administrators and estate of such person) (hereinafter, an “indemnitee”), whether the basis of such proceeding is alleged action in an official capacity as a director, officer, trustee, employee or agent or in any other capacity while serving as a director, officer, trustee, employee or agent , against all liability and loss suffered and expenses (including attorneys’ fees , judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes or penalties and amount paid or to be paid in settlement ) reasonably incurred or suffered by such person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding provided such person shall have acted in


good faith and in a manner the person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe the person’s conduct was unlawful. The therewith and such indemnification shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, trustee, employee or agent and shall inure to the benefit of his or her heirs, executors and administrators Except as provided in Section 7.4, the Corporation shall be required to indemnify a person in connection with a proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person only if the proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized by the Board of Directors. The Corporation may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the Board, grant rights to indemnification to any employee or agent of the Corporation to the fullest extent of the provisions of this Article VII with respect to the indemnification of Directors and officers of the Corporation. Without limiting the generality or the effect of the foregoing, the Corporation may enter into one or more agreements with any person that provide for indemnification greater than or different from that provided in this Article VII.

           Section 7.2. Actions by or in the Right of the Corporation. The Corporation shall indemnify and hold harmless, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law as it currently exists or may hereafter be amended, any person who was or is made or is threatened to be made a party or is otherwise involved in any action, suit or proceeding by or in the right of the Corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that the person is or was a Director or officer of the Corporation, or, while a Director or officer of the Corporation, is or was serving rights to indemnification and advancement of expenses and the other rights conferred upon indemnitees in this By-Law or other By-Laws shall all be contract rights that vest at the time of such person’s service to or at the request of the Corporation as a director or officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, enterprise or nonprofit entity against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by the person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit provided such person shall have acted in good faith and in a manner the person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation and except that no indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the Corporation unless and only to the extent that the Delaware Court of Chancery or the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses that the Delaware Court of Chancery or such other court shall deem proper and such rights shall continue as to an indemnitee who has ceased to be a director, officer, trustee, employee or agent and shall inure to the benefit of the indemnitee’s heirs, executors and administrators .

           Section 7.2. Section 7.3. Prepayment of Expenses . The Corporation shall pay the expenses (including attorneys’ fees) of any person entitled to indemnification pursuant to Section 7.1 of these By-Laws or the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation incurred in defending any proceeding in advance of its final disposition , such advances to be paid by the Corporation within twenty (20) days after the receipt by the Corporation of a statement or statements from the claimant requesting such advance or advances from time to time ; provided , however , that if the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware requires, the payment of such expenses incurred by a Director or officer in advance of the final disposition of the proceeding director or officer in his or her capacity as a director or officer (and not in any other capacity in which service was or is rendered by such person while a director or officer, including, without limitation, service to an employee benefit plan) shall be made only upon receipt delivery to the Corporation of an undertaking by the or on behalf of such Director or officer to repay all amounts advanced if it sh ou a l d l be ultimately determined that the by final judicial decision from which there is no further right of appeal that such Director or officer is not entitled to be indemnified for such expenses under this Article VII or otherwise. The Corporation may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the Board, grant rights to advancement of expenses to any employee or agent of the Corporation to the fullest extent of the provisions of this Article VII with respect to the advancement of expenses of Directors and officers of the Corporation.


           Section 7.3. Procedure . To obtain indemnification under this Article VII, a claimant shall submit to the Corporation a written request, including therein or therewith such documentation and information as is reasonably available to the claimant and is reasonably necessary to determine whether and to what extent the claimant is entitled to indemnification. Upon written request by a claimant for indemnification pursuant to the first sentence of this Section 7.3, a determination, if required by applicable law, with respect to the claimant’s entitlement thereto shall be made as follows: (1) if requested by the claimant, by Independent Counsel (as hereinafter defined), or (2) if no request is made by the claimant for a determination by Independent Counsel, (i) by the Board of Directors by a majority vote of a quorum consisting of Disinterested Directors (as hereinafter defined), or (ii) if a quorum of the Board of Directors consisting of Disinterested Directors is not obtainable or, even if obtainable, such quorum of Disinterested Directors so directs, by Independent Counsel in a written opinion to the Board of Directors, a copy of which shall be delivered to the claimant, or (iii) if a quorum of Disinterested Directors so directs, by the stockholders of the Corporation. In the event the determination of entitlement to indemnification is to be made by Independent Counsel at the request of the claimant, the Independent Counsel shall be selected by the Board of Directors unless there shall have occurred within two years prior to the date of the commencement of the proceeding for which indemnification is claimed a “Change of Control” as defined in the Sotheby’s Restricted Stock Unit Plan, in which case the Independent Counsel shall be selected by the claimant unless the claimant shall request that such selection be made by the Board of Directors. If it is so determined that the claimant is entitled to indemnification, payment to the claimant shall be made within ten (10) days after such determination.

          Section 7.4. Claims . If a claim for indemnification or payment of expenses under this Article VII is not paid in full within sixty thirty ( 60 30 ) days after a written claim therefor pursuant to Section 7.3 has been received by the Corporation (except in the case of a claim for advancement of expenses, for which the applicable period is twenty (20) days) , the claimant may at any time thereafter file suit against the Corporation to recover the unpaid amount of such claim and, if successful in whole or in part, shall be entitled to be paid the expense of prosecuting such claim. In any such action the Corporation shall have the burden of proving that the claimant was not entitled to the requested indemnification or payment of expenses under applicable law. It shall be a defense to any such action (other than an action brought to enforce a claim for expenses incurred in defending any proceeding in advance of its final disposition where the required undertaking, if any is required, has been tendered to the Corporation) that the claimant has not met the standard of conduct which makes it permissible under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware for the Corporation to indemnify the claimant for the amount claimed, but the burden of proving such defense shall be on the Corporation. Neither the failure of the Corporation (including its Board of Directors, Independent Counsel or stockholders) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of such action that indemnification of the claimant is proper in the circumstances because he or she has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, nor an actual determination by the Corporation (including its Board of Directors, Independent Counsel or stockholders) that the claimant has not met such applicable standard of conduct, shall be a defense to the action or create a presumption that the claimant has not met the applicable standard of conduct. If a determination shall have been made pursuant to Section 7.3 that the claimant is entitled to indemnification, the Corporation shall be bound by such determination in any judicial proceeding commenced pursuant to this Section 7.4. The Corporation shall be precluded from asserting in any judicial proceeding commenced pursuant to this Section 7.4 that the procedures and presumptions of this Article VII are not valid, binding and enforceable and shall stipulate in such proceeding that the Corporation is bound by all the provisions of this Article VII.

          Section 7.5. Non-Exclusivity of Rights ; Inability to Terminate . The rights conferred on any person by this Article VII (i) shall not be exclusive of any other rights that such or any person may have or hereafter acquire under any statute, provision of the Certificate of Incorporation, these By-Laws,


agreement, vote of stockholders or d D isinterested Directors or otherwise and (ii) cannot be terminated by the Corporation, the Board of Directors or the stockholders of the Corporation with respect to a person’s service prior to the date of such termination .

          Section 7.6. Other Indemnification . The Corporation ’s obligation, if any, to indemnify any person who was or is serving at its request as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, enterprise or nonprofit entity shall be reduced by any amount such person may collect as indemnification from such other corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, enterprise or nonprofit enterprise. may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer, grant rights to indemnification and rights to advancement of expenses incurred in connection with any proceeding in advance of its final disposition, to any current or former employee or agent of the Corporation to the fullest extent of the provisions of this Article VII with respect to the indemnification and advancement of expenses of current or former Directors and officers of the Corporation.

          Section 7.7. Amendment or Repeal . Any amendment, alteration, repeal or modification of the foregoing provisions of this Article VII shall not By-laws in this Article VII that in any way diminishes, limits, restricts, adversely affects or eliminates any right of an indemnitee or his or her successors to indemnification, advancement of expenses or otherwise shall be prospective only and shall not in any way diminish, limit, restrict, adversely affect or eliminate any such right or protection hereunder of any person in respect of any act or omission occurring prior to the time of such repeal or modification. with respect to any actual or alleged state of facts, occurrence, action or omission then or previously existing, or any action, suit or proceeding previously or thereafter brought or threatened based in whole or in part upon any such actual or alleged state of facts, occurrence, action or omission.

          Section 7.8. Insurance . The Corporation shall have power to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of , at its expense, to protect itself and any person who is or was a director, officer, employee, or agent of the c C orporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, or other enterprise against any expense, liability asserted against such person and incurred by such person in any such capacity, or arising out of such person’s status as such or loss , whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such expense, liability or loss under the provisions of this Article VII or under the applicable provisions of law. General Corporation law of the State of Delaware. To the extent that the Corporation maintains any policy or policies providing such insurance, each such current or former director or officer, and each such agent or employee to which rights to indemnification have been granted, shall be covered by such policy or policies in accordance with its or their terms to the maximum extent of the coverage thereunder for any such current or former director, officer, employee or agent.

           Section 7.9. Severability . If any provision or provisions of this Article VII shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any reason whatsoever: (1) the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Article VII (including, without limitation, each portion of any paragraph containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that is not itself held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby; and (2) to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of this Article VII (including, without limitation, each such portion of any paragraph containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent manifested by the provision held invalid, illegal or unenforceable.

           Section 7.10. Definitions . For purposes of Article VII: (1) “Disinterested Director” means a director of the Corporation who is not and was not a party to the matter in respect of which indemnification is sought by the claimant and (2) “Independent Counsel” means a law firm, a member of


a law firm, or an independent practitioner, that is experienced in matters of corporation law and shall include any person who, under the applicable standards of professional conduct then prevailing, would not have a conflict of interest in representing either the Corporation or the claimant in an action to determine the claimant’s rights under this Article VII.

           Section 7.11. Notice . Any notice, request or other communication required or permitted to be given to the Corporation under this Article VII shall be in writing and either delivered in person or sent by telecopy, telex, telegram, overnight mail or courier service, or certified or registered mail, postage prepaid, return receipt requested, to the Secretary of the Corporation and shall be effective only upon receipt by the Secretary.

ARTICLE VIII

Miscellaneous

           Section 8.1. Fiscal Year . The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be determined from time to time by resolution of the Board of Directors.

           Section 8.2. Seal . The corporate seal shall have the name of the Corporation inscribed thereon and shall be in such form as may be approved from time to time by the Board of Directors.

           Section 8.3. Waiver of Notice of Meetings of Stockholders, Directors and Committees . Any written waiver of notice, signed by the person entitled to notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Attendance of a person at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at nor the purpose of any regular or special meeting of the stockholders, Directors, or members of a committee of Directors need be specified in any written waiver of notice.

           Section 8.4. Interested Directors; Quorum . No contract or transaction between the Corporation and one or more of its Directors or officers, or between the Corporation and any other corporation, partnership, association, or other organization in which one or more of the Corporation’s Directors or officers are directors or officers, or have a financial interest, shall be void or voidable solely for this reason, or solely because the Director or officer is present at or participates in the meeting of the Board of Directors or committee thereof that authorizes the contract or transaction, or solely because his or their votes are counted for such purpose, if: (a) the material facts as to his relationship or interest and as to the contract or transaction are disclosed or are known to the Board of Directors or the committee, and the Board of Directors or committee in good faith authorizes the contract or transaction by the affirmative votes of a majority of the disinterested Directors, even though the disinterested Directors be less than a quorum; (b) the material facts as to his relationship or interest and as to the contract or transaction are disclosed or are known to the stockholders entitled to vote thereon, and the contract or transaction is specifically approved in good faith by vote of the stockholders; or (c) the contract or transaction is fair as to the Corporation as of the time it is authorized, approved or


ratified, by the Board of Directors, a committee thereof, or the stockholders. Interested Directors may be counted in determining the presence of a quorum at a meeting of the Board of Directors or of a committee that authorizes the contract or transaction.

           Section 8.5. Form of Records . Any records maintained by the Corporation in the regular course of its business, including its stock ledger, books of account, and minute books, may be kept on, or be in the form of, punch cards, magnetic tape, photographs, microphotographs, or any other information storage device, provided that the records so kept can be converted into clearly legible form within a reasonable time.

           Section 8.6. Amendment of By-Laws . These By-Laws may be altered or repealed, and new By-Laws made, by the Board of Directors, but the stockholders may make additional By-Laws and may alter and repeal any By-Laws whether adopted by them or otherwise.


EXHIBIT 10.1

Form of Indemnity Agreement

[Date]

[Indemnitee Name]
[Address]
Dear [_____________],

          Reference is hereby made to Article VII of the bylaws of Sotheby’s (the “Company”) as in effect as of the date hereof (the “Company Indemnity Bylaws”). In consideration of your prior and continuing service to the Company and in order to eliminate any ambiguity in the event of any purported amendment, modification, alteration or repeal of the Company Indemnity Bylaws that might otherwise diminish, limit, restrict, adversely affect or eliminate any of your rights to indemnification, advancement of expenses or otherwise under the Company Indemnity Bylaws, this will confirm that any such purported amendment, modification, alteration or repeal shall be prospective only and shall not in any way diminish, limit, restrict, adversely affect or eliminate any such right with respect to any actual or alleged state of facts, occurrence, action or omission then or previously existing, or any action, suit or proceeding previously or thereafter brought or threatened based in whole or in part upon any such actual or alleged state of facts, occurrence, action or omission. The Company hereby agrees that your rights under the Company Indemnity Bylaws are contract rights that shall be incorporated into this letter agreement and shall continue, without amendment or repeal, even in the event that you cease your association with the Company and that such rights shall be for your benefit and for the benefit of your heirs, executors and administrators. This letter agreement may not be amended or modified except by an instrument in writing signed by both parties hereto.

          This letter agreement shall be governed by Delaware law.

          If you agree with the foregoing, please acknowledge by executing a copy of this letter and returning it to the Company.

 

 

 

 

Very truly yours,

 

 

 

 

Sotheby’s

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 


 

 

Name:

 

 

Title:

 

 

 

Accepted and Agreed to :

 

 

 

 

 


 

Name:

 



EXHIBIT 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

 

 

 

 

I, William F. Ruprecht, certify that:

 

 

 

 

(1)

I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2009 of Sotheby’s;

 

 

(2)

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

 

 

(3)

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

 

 

(4)

The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

 

 

 

 

(a)

Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

 

 

 

 

 

(b)

Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

 

 

 

 

 

 

(c)

Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

 

 

 

 

 

 

(d)

Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

 

 

 

 

(5)

The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

 

 

 

(a)

All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 

 

 

 

(b)

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.


 

 

/s/ William F. Ruprecht

 


 

William F. Ruprecht

 

President and

 

Chief Executive Officer

 

Sotheby’s

 

August 5, 2009

 

58


EXHIBIT 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

 

 

 

 

I, William S. Sheridan, certify that:

 

(1)

I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2009 of Sotheby’s;

 

 

(2)

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

 

 

(3)

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

 

 

(4)

The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

 

 

 

 

(a)

Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

 

 

 

 

 

(b)

Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

 

 

 

 

 

 

(c)

Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

 

 

 

 

 

 

(d)

Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

 

 

 

 

(5)

The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

 

 

 

(a)

All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 

 

 

 

 

 

(b)

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.


 

 

/s/ William S. Sheridan

 


 

William S. Sheridan

 

Executive Vice President and

 

Chief Financial Officer

 

Sotheby’s

 

August 5, 2009

 

59


EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

 

 

 

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Sotheby’s on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2009 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, William F. Ruprecht, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to my knowledge:

 

 

(1)

The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

 

 

 

 

(2)

The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the registrant.


 

 

/s/ William F. Ruprecht

 


 

William F. Ruprecht

 

President and

 

Chief Executive Officer

 

Sotheby’s

 

August 5, 2009

 

60


EXHIBIT 32.2

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

 

 

 

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Sotheby’s on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2009 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, William S. Sheridan, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to my knowledge:

 

 

 

 

(1)

The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

 

 

 

 

(2)

The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the registrant.


 

 

/s/ William S. Sheridan

 


 

William S. Sheridan

 

Executive Vice President and

 

Chief Financial Officer

 

Sotheby’s

 

August 5, 2009

 

61