As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 26, 2012
1933 Act File No. 033-01121
1940 Act File No. 811-04443
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION |
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WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 |
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FORM N-1A |
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REGISTRATION STATEMENT
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POST-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. 60 |
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REGISTRATION STATEMENT
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AMENDMENT NO. 63 |
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EATON VANCE INVESTMENT TRUST |
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(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter) |
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Two International Place, Boston, Massachusetts 02110 |
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(Address of Principal Executive Offices) |
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(617) 482-8260 |
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(Registrant ’ s Telephone Number) |
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MAUREEN A. GEMMA |
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Two International Place, Boston, Massachusetts 02110 |
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(Name and Address of Agent for Service) |
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Eaton Vance AMT-Free Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund
Class A Shares - EXFLX Class B Shares - ELFLX Class C Shares - EZFLX Class I Shares - EILMX
Eaton Vance Massachusetts Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund
Class A Shares - EXMAX Class B Shares - ELMAX Class C Shares - EZMAX Class I Shares - EMAIX
Eaton Vance National Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund
Class A Shares - EXNAX Class B Shares - ELNAX Class C Shares - EZNAX Class I Shares - EINAX
Eaton Vance New York Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund
Class A Shares - EXNYX Class B Shares - ELNYX Class C Shares - EZNYX Class I Shares - ENYIX
Eaton Vance Pennsylvania Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund
Class A Shares - EXPNX Class B Shares - ELPNX Class C Shares - EZPNX Class I Shares - EIPNX
Mutual funds seeking tax-exempt income and limited principal fluctuation
Prospectus Dated
August 1,
2012
The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved these securities or determined whether this Prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
This Prospectus contains important information about the Funds and the services
available to shareholders. Please save it for reference.
Table of Contents
Fund Summaries |
3 |
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AMT-Free Limited Fund |
3 |
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Massachusetts Limited Fund |
7 |
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National Limited Fund |
11 |
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New York Limited Fund |
15 |
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Pennsylvania Limited Fund |
19 |
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Important Information Regarding Fund Shares |
23 |
Investment Objectives & Principal Policies and Risks |
24 |
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Management and Organization |
27 |
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Valuing Shares |
28 |
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Purchasing Shares |
28 |
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Sales Charges |
31 |
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Redeeming Shares |
33 |
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Shareholder Account Features |
34 |
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Additional Tax Information |
35 |
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Financial Highlights |
38 |
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AMT-Free Limited Fund |
38 |
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Massachusetts Limited Fund |
40 |
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National Limited Fund |
42 |
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New York Limited Fund |
45 |
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Pennsylvania Limited Fund |
47 |
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
2
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Eaton Vance AMT-Free Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund
Investment Objective
The Funds investment objective is to provide current income exempt from regular federal income tax and limited principal fluctuation.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for a reduced sales charge if you invest, or agree to invest over a 13-month period, at least $100,000 in Eaton Vance Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary and in Sales Charges beginning on page 31 of this Prospectus and page 19 of the Funds Statement of Additional Information.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of offering price) |
2.25% |
None |
None |
None |
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of the lower of net asset value at purchase or redemption) |
None |
3.00% |
1.00% |
None |
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Management Fees |
0.43% |
0.43% |
0.43% |
0.43% |
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.15% |
0.90% |
0.90% |
n/a |
Other Expenses |
0.31% |
0.30% |
0.30% |
0.30% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
0.89% |
1.63% |
1.63% |
0.73% |
Example. This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over the portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was 12% of the average value of its portfolio.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
3
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Principal Investment Strategies
Under normal market circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in municipal obligations, that are exempt from regular federal income tax (the 80% Policy). The Fund will not invest in an obligation if the interest on that obligation is subject to the federal alternative minimum tax. At least 75% of net assets normally will be invested in municipal obligations rated at least investment grade at the time of investment (which are those rated Baa or higher by Moodys Investors Service, Inc. (Moodys), or BBB or higher by either Standard & Poors Ratings Group (S&P) or Fitch Ratings (Fitch)) or, if unrated, determined by the investment adviser to be of at least investment grade quality. The balance of net assets may be invested in municipal obligations rated below investment grade and in unrated municipal obligations considered to be of comparable quality by the investment adviser (junk bonds). The Fund will not invest more than 10% of its net assets in obligations rated below B by Moodys, S&P or Fitch, or in unrated obligations considered to be of comparable quality by the investment adviser. For purposes of rating restrictions, the higher rating is used. The Fund may purchase or sell derivative instruments (such as residual interest bonds, futures contracts and options thereon, interest rate swaps, and forward rate contracts) for hedging purposes, for total return or as a substitute for the purchase or sale of securities.
Although the Fund invests in obligations to seek to maintain a dollar-weighted average portfolio duration of between three and nine years, the Fund may invest in individual municipal obligations of any maturity. Duration represents the dollar-weighted average maturity of expected cash flows (i.e., interest and principal payments) on one or more municipal obligations, discounted to their present values. The Fund may use various techniques to shorten or lengthen its dollar-weighted average duration, including the acquisition of municipal obligations at a premium or discount, and transactions in futures contracts and options on futures. The Fund may concentrate 25% or more of its total assets in certain types of municipal obligations (such as general obligations, municipal leases, revenue bonds and industrial development bonds) and in one or more sectors (such as housing, hospitals, healthcare facilities or utilities).
The investment advisers process for selecting obligations for purchase and sale emphasizes the creditworthiness of the issuer or other person obligated to repay the obligation and the relative value of the obligation in the market. In evaluating creditworthiness, the investment adviser considers ratings assigned by rating agencies and generally performs additional credit and investment analysis. The portfolio manager also may trade securities to minimize taxable capital gains to shareholders.
Principal Risks
Municipal Bond Risk. The amount of public information available about municipal bonds is generally less than for corporate equities or bonds, meaning that the investment performance of municipal bond investments may be more dependent on the analytical abilities of the investment adviser than stock or corporate bond investments. The secondary market for municipal bonds also tends to be less well-developed and less liquid than many other securities markets, which may limit an owners ability to sell its bonds at attractive prices. The spread between the price at which an obligation can be purchased and the price at which it can be sold may widen during periods of market distress. Less liquid obligations can become more difficult to value and be subject to erratic price movements. The increased presence of non-traditional participants or the absence of traditional participants in the municipal markets may lead to greater volatility in the markets.
Debt Market Risk. Economic and other events (whether real or perceived) can reduce the demand for investments held by the Fund, which may reduce their market prices and cause the value of Fund shares to fall. The frequency and magnitude of such changes cannot be predicted. Certain securities and other investments held by the Fund can experience downturns in trading activity and, at such times, the supply of such instruments in the market may exceed the demand. At other times, the demand for such instruments may exceed the supply in the market. An imbalance in supply and demand in the market may result in valuation uncertainties and greater volatility, less liquidity, wider trading spreads and a lack of price transparency in the market. No active trading market may exist for certain investments, which may impair the ability of the Fund to sell or to realize the full value of such investments in the event of the need to liquidate such assets. Adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of some actively traded investments.
Interest Rate Risk. As interest rates rise, the value of Fund shares is likely to decline. Conversely, when interest rates decline, the value of Fund shares is likely to rise. Obligations with longer maturities generally offer higher yields, but involve greater risk because the prices of such obligations are more sensitive to changes in interest rates than obligations with shorter maturities. In a declining interest rate environment, prepayments of obligations may increase if the issuer has the ability to pre-pay or call the obligation. In such circumstances, the Fund may have to reinvest the prepayment proceeds at lower yields.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
4
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Credit Risk. Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances may reduce the capacity of issuers of fixed income securities to make principal and interest payments and may lead to defaults. Such defaults may reduce the value of Fund shares and income distributions. The value of a fixed income security also may decline because of real or perceived concerns about the issuers ability to make principal and interest payments. In addition, the credit rating of securities held by the Fund may be lowered if an issuers financial condition changes. Municipal obligations may be insured as to principal and interest payments. If the claims-paying ability or other rating of the insurer is downgraded by a rating agency, the value of such obligations may be negatively affected. In the case of an insured bond, the bonds rating will be deemed to be the higher of the rating assigned to the bonds issuer or the insurer.
Risk of Lower Rated Investments. Investments rated below investment grade and comparable unrated securities (junk bonds) have speculative characteristics because of the credit risk associated with their issuers. Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances typically have a greater effect on the ability of issuers of lower rated investments to make principal and interest payments than they do on issuers of higher rated investments. An economic downturn generally leads to a higher non-payment rate, and a lower rated investment may lose significant value before a default occurs. Lower rated investments generally are subject to greater price volatility and illiquidity than higher rated investments.
Derivatives Risk. The use of derivatives can lead to losses because of adverse movements in the price or value of the asset, index, rate or instrument underlying a derivative, due to failure of a counterparty or due to tax or regulatory constraints. Derivatives may create economic leverage in the Fund, which magnifies the Funds exposure to the underlying investment. Derivatives risk may be more significant when derivatives are used to enhance return or as a substitute for a cash investment position, rather than solely to hedge the risk of a position held by the Fund. When derivatives are used to gain or limit exposure to a particular market or market segment, their performance may not correlate as expected to the performance of such market thereby causing the Fund to fail to achieve its original purpose for using such derivatives. A decision as to whether, when and how to use derivatives involves the exercise of specialized skill and judgment, and a transaction may be unsuccessful in whole or in part because of market behavior or unexpected events. Derivative instruments may be difficult to value, may be illiquid, and may be subject to wide swings in valuation caused by changes in the value of the underlying instrument. If a derivatives counterparty is unable to honor its commitments, the value of Fund shares may decline and the Fund could experience delays in the return of collateral or other assets held by the counterparty. The loss on derivative transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment.
Risk of Leveraged Transactions . Certain Fund transactions may give rise to a form of leverage. Such transactions may include, among others, the use of when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment transactions, residual interest bonds, short sales and certain derivative transactions. The Fund is required to segregate liquid assets or otherwise cover the Funds obligation created by a transaction that may give rise to leverage. The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements. Leverage may cause the Fund to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged, as certain types of leverage may exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Funds portfolio securities. The loss on leveraged transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment.
Risk of Residual Interest Bonds. The Fund may enter into residual interest bond transactions, which expose the Fund to leverage and greater risk than an investment in a fixed-rate municipal bond. The interest payments that the Fund receives on the residual interest bonds acquired in such transactions vary inversely with short-term interest rates, normally decreasing when short-term rates increase. The value and market for residual interest bonds are volatile and such bonds may have limited liquidity. As required by applicable accounting standards, the Fund records interest expense on its liability with respect to floating-rate notes and also records offsetting interest income in an amount equal to this expense.
Sector Concentration Risk. Because the Fund may concentrate its investments in certain types of municipal obligations and may concentrate in certain sectors, the value of Fund shares may be affected by events that adversely affect that sector or type of obligation and may fluctuate more than that of a less concentrated fund. General obligation bonds issued by municipalities are adversely affected by economic downturns and the resulting decline in tax revenues.
Risks of Principal Only Investments. Principal only investments entitle the holder to receive par value of such investment if held to maturity. The values of principal only investments are subject to greater fluctuation in response to changes in market interest rates than bonds which pay interest currently. The Fund will accrue income on these investments and is required to distribute that income each year. The Fund may be required to sell securities to obtain cash needed for such income distributions.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
5
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Tax Risk. Income from tax-exempt municipal obligations could be declared taxable because of unfavorable changes in tax laws, adverse interpretations by the Internal Revenue Service or non-compliant conduct of a bond issuer. The Fund will not invest in an obligation if the interest on that obligation is subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.
Risks Associated with Active Management. The Fund is an actively managed portfolio and its success depends upon the investment skills and analytical abilities of the investment adviser to develop and effectively implement strategies to achieve the Funds investment objective. Subjective decisions made by the investment adviser may cause the Fund to incur losses or to miss profit opportunities on which it may otherwise have capitalized.
General Fund Investing Risks. The Fund is not a complete investment program and you may lose money by investing in the Fund. All investments carry a certain amount of risk and there is no guarantee that the Fund will be able to achieve its investment objective. Annual Fund Operating Expenses expressed as a percentage of the Funds average daily net assets may change as Fund assets increase and decrease, and Annual Fund Operating Expenses may differ in the future. Purchase and redemption activities by Fund shareholders may impact the management of the Fund and its ability to achieve its investment objective. In addition, the redemption by one or more large shareholders or groups of shareholders of their holdings in the Fund could have an adverse impact on the remaining shareholders in the Fund. Investors in the Fund should have a long-term investment perspective and be able to tolerate potentially sharp declines in value. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit in a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person. Mutual funds, investment advisers, other market participants and many securities markets are subject to rules and regulations and the jurisdiction of one or more regulators. Changes to applicable rules and regulations could have an adverse affect on securities markets and market participants, as well as on the Funds ability to execute its investment strategy.
Performance
The following bar chart and table provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Funds performance from year to year and how the Funds average annual returns over time compare with those of a broad-based securities market index. The returns in the bar chart are for Class A shares and do not reflect a sales charge. If the sales charge was reflected, the returns would be lower. Past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Updated Fund performance information can be obtained by visiting www.eatonvance.com.
During the ten years ended December 31, 2011, the highest quarterly total return for Class A was 7.38% for the quarter ended September 30, 2009, and the lowest quarterly return was 4.83% for the quarter ended December 31, 2010. The year-to-date total return through the end of the most recent calendar quarter (December 31, 2011 to June 30, 2012) was 1.68%. For the 30 days ended March 31, 2012, the SEC yield and SEC tax-equivalent yield (assuming a federal income tax rate of 35.00%) for Class A shares were 1.59% and 2.45%, respectively, for Class B shares were 0.88% and 1.35%, respectively, for Class C shares were 0.88% and 1.35%, respectively, and for Class I shares were 1.78% and 2.74%, respectively. A lower tax rate would result in lower tax-equivalent yields. For current yield information call 1-800-262-1122.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
6
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Average Annual Total Return as of December 31, 2011 |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Class A Return Before Taxes |
7.11% |
3.22% |
3.79% |
Class A Return After Taxes on Distributions |
7.11% |
3.20% |
3.79% |
Class A Return After Taxes on Distributions and the Sale of Class A Shares |
5.84% |
3.25% |
3.77% |
Class B Return Before Taxes |
5.83% |
2.94% |
3.26% |
Class C Return Before Taxes |
7.74% |
2.92% |
3.25% |
Class I Return Before Taxes |
9.80% |
3.73% |
4.04% |
Barclays Capital 7-Year Municipal Bond Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
10.14% |
6.38% |
5.63% |
These returns reflect the maximum sales charge for Class A (2.25%) and any applicable contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) for Class B and Class C. The Class I performance shown above for the period prior to August 3, 2010 (commencement of operations) is the performance of Class A shares at net asset value without adjustment for any differences in the expenses of the two classes. If adjusted for other expenses, returns would be different. Investors cannot invest directly in an Index.
After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rate and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. After-tax returns for other Classes of shares will vary from the after-tax returns presented for Class A shares. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.
Management
Investment Adviser. Boston Management and Research (BMR).
Portfolio Manager. The Fund is managed by Craig R. Brandon, Vice President of BMR, who has managed the Fund since 2004.
For important information about purchase and sale of shares, taxes and financial intermediary compensation, please turn to Important Information Regarding Fund Shares on page 23 of this Prospectus.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
7
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Eaton Vance Massachusetts Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund
Investment Objective
The Funds investment objective is to provide current income exempt from regular federal income tax and Massachusetts state personal income taxes, and limited principal fluctuation.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for a reduced sales charge if you invest, or agree to invest over a 13-month period, at least $100,000 in Eaton Vance Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary and in Sales Charges beginning on page 31 of this Prospectus and page 19 of the Funds Statement of Additional Information.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of offering price) |
2.25% |
None |
None |
None |
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of the lower of net asset value at purchase or redemption) |
None |
3.00% |
1.00% |
None |
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Management Fees |
0.42% |
0.42% |
0.42% |
0.42% |
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.15% |
0.90% |
0.90% |
n/a |
Other Expenses |
0.25% |
0.25% |
0.25% |
0.24% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
0.82% |
1.57% |
1.57% |
0.66% |
Example. This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
|
Expenses with Redemption |
Expenses without Redemption |
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|
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
Class A shares |
$ 307 |
$ 481 |
$ 670 |
$ 1,216 |
$ 307 |
$ 481 |
$ 670 |
$ 1,216 |
Class B shares |
$ 460 |
$ 696 |
$ 768 |
$ 1,311 |
$ 160 |
$ 496 |
$ 768 |
$ 1,311 |
Class C shares |
$ 260 |
$ 496 |
$ 855 |
$ 1,867 |
$ 160 |
$ 496 |
$ 855 |
$ 1,867 |
Class I shares |
$ 67 |
$ 211 |
$ 368 |
$ 822 |
$ 67 |
$ 211 |
$ 368 |
$ 822 |
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over the portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was 19 % of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
Under normal market circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in municipal obligations that are exempt from regular federal income tax and the state taxes specified in the Funds investment objective (the 80% Policy). The Fund may invest without limit in obligations the income from which is subject to the federal alternative minimum tax. At least 75% of net assets normally will be invested in municipal obligations rated at least investment grade at the time of investment (which are those rated Baa or higher by Moodys Investors Service, Inc. (Moodys), or BBB or higher by either Standard & Poors Ratings Group (S&P) or Fitch Ratings (Fitch)) or, if unrated, determined by the investment adviser to be of at least investment grade quality. The balance of net assets may be invested in municipal obligations rated below investment grade and in unrated municipal obligations considered to be of comparable quality by the investment adviser (junk bonds). The Fund will not invest more than 10% of its net assets in obligations rated below B by Moodys, S&P or Fitch, or in unrated obligations considered to
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
8
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
be of comparable quality by the investment adviser. For purposes of rating restrictions, the higher rating is used. Under normal market conditions, the Fund invests at least 65% of its total assets in obligations issued by its state or its political subdivisions, agencies, authorities and instrumentalities. If consistent with relevant state tax requirements, the Fund may invest up to 35% of its net assets in municipal obligations issued by the governments of Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam. The Fund is non-diversified and may invest, with respect to 50% of its total assets, more than 5% (but not more than 25%) of its total assets in securities of any one issuer (such limitations do not apply to U.S. Government securities). The Fund may purchase or sell derivative instruments (such as residual interest bonds, futures contracts and options thereon, interest rate swaps and forward rate contracts) for hedging purposes, for total return or as a substitute for the purchase or sale of securities.
Although the Fund invests in obligations to seek to maintain a dollar-weighted average portfolio duration of between three and nine years, the Fund may invest in individual municipal obligations of any maturity. Duration represents the dollar-weighted average maturity of expected cash flows (i.e., interest and principal payments) on one or more municipal obligations, discounted to their present values. The Fund may use various techniques to shorten or lengthen its dollar-weighted average duration, including the acquisition of municipal obligations at a premium or discount, and transactions in futures contracts and options on futures. The Fund may concentrate 25% or more of its total assets in certain types of municipal obligations (such as general obligations, municipal leases, revenue bonds and industrial development bonds) and in one or more sectors (such as housing, hospitals, healthcare facilities or utilities).
The investment advisers process for selecting obligations for purchase and sale emphasizes the creditworthiness of the issuer or other person obligated to repay the obligation and the relative value of the obligation in the market. In evaluating creditworthiness, the investment adviser considers ratings assigned by rating agencies and generally performs additional credit and investment analysis. The portfolio manager also may trade securities to seek to minimize taxable capital gains to shareholders. A portion of the Funds distributions generally will be subject to the federal alternative minimum tax. The Fund may not be suitable for investors subject to the alternative minimum tax.
Principal Risks
Municipal Bond Risk. The amount of public information available about municipal bonds is generally less than for corporate equities or bonds , meaning that the investment performance of municipal bond investments may be more dependent on the analytical abilities of the investment adviser than stock or corporate bond investments . The secondary market for municipal bonds also tends to be less well-developed and less liquid than many other securities markets, which may limit an owners ability to sell its bonds at attractive prices . The spread between the price at which an obligation can be purchased and the price at which it can be sold may widen during periods of market distress. Less liquid obligations can become more difficult to value and be subject to erratic price movements. The increased presence of non-traditional participants or the absence of traditional participants in the municipal markets may lead to greater volatility in the markets.
Debt Market Risk. Economic and other events (whether real or perceived) can reduce the demand for investments held by the Fund, which may reduce their market prices and cause the value of Fund shares to fall. The frequency and magnitude of such changes cannot be predicted. Certain securities and other investments held by the Fund can experience downturns in trading activity and, at such times, the supply of such instruments in the market may exceed the demand. At other times, the demand for such instruments may exceed the supply in the market. An imbalance in supply and demand in the market may result in valuation uncertainties and greater volatility, less liquidity, wider trading spreads and a lack of price transparency in the market. No active trading market may exist for certain investments, which may impair the ability of the Fund to sell or to realize the full value of such investments in the event of the need to liquidate such assets. Adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of some actively traded investments.
Interest Rate Risk. As interest rates rise, the value of Fund shares is likely to decline. Conversely, when interest rates decline, the value of Fund shares is likely to rise. Obligations with longer maturities generally offer higher yields, but involve greater risk because the prices of such obligations are more sensitive to changes in interest rates than obligations with shorter maturities. In a declining interest rate environment, prepayments of obligations may increase if the issuer has the ability to pre-pay or call the obligation. In such circumstances, the Fund may have to reinvest the prepayment proceeds at lower yields.
Credit Risk. Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances may reduce the capacity of issuers of fixed income securities to make principal and interest payments and may lead to defaults. Such defaults may reduce the value of Fund shares and income distributions. The value of a fixed income security also may decline because of real or perceived concerns about the issuers ability to make principal and interest payments. In addition, the credit rating of securities held by the Fund may be lowered if an issuers financial condition changes. Municipal obligations may be insured as to principal and interest payments. If the claims-paying ability or other rating of the insurer is downgraded by a rating agency, the value of such obligations may be negatively affected. In the case of an insured bond, the bonds rating will be deemed to be the higher of the rating assigned to the bonds issuer or the insurer.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
9
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Risk of Lower Rated Investments. Investments rated below investment grade and comparable unrated securities (junk bonds) have speculative characteristics because of the credit risk associated with their issuers. Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances typically have a greater effect on the ability of issuers of lower rated investments to make principal and interest payments than they do on issuers of higher rated investments. An economic downturn generally leads to a higher non-payment rate, and a lower rated investment may lose significant value before a default occurs. Lower rated investments generally are subject to greater price volatility and illiquidity than higher rated investments.
Derivatives Risk. The use of derivatives can lead to losses because of adverse movements in the price or value of the asset, index, rate or instrument underlying a derivative, due to failure of a counterparty or due to tax or regulatory constraints. Derivatives may create economic leverage in the Fund, which magnifies the Funds exposure to the underlying investment. Derivatives risk may be more significant when derivatives are used to enhance return or as a substitute for a cash investment position, rather than solely to hedge the risk of a position held by the Fund. When derivatives are used to gain or limit exposure to a particular market or market segment, their performance may not correlate as expected to the performance of such market thereby causing the Fund to fail to achieve its original purpose for using such derivatives. A decision as to whether, when and how to use derivatives involves the exercise of specialized skill and judgment, and a transaction may be unsuccessful in whole or in part because of market behavior or unexpected events. Derivative instruments may be difficult to value, may be illiquid, and may be subject to wide swings in valuation caused by changes in the value of the underlying instrument. If a derivatives counterparty is unable to honor its commitments, the value of Fund shares may decline and the Fund could experience delays in the return of collateral or other assets held by the counterparty. The loss on derivative transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment.
Risk of Leveraged Transactions . Certain Fund transactions may give rise to a form of leverage. Such transactions may include, among others, the use of when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment transactions, residual interest bonds, short sales and certain derivative transactions. The Fund is required to segregate liquid assets or otherwise cover the Funds obligation created by a transaction that may give rise to leverage. The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements. Leverage may cause the Fund to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged, as certain types of leverage may exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Funds portfolio securities. The loss on leveraged transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment.
Risk of Residual Interest Bonds. The Fund may enter into residual interest bond transactions, which expose the Fund to leverage and greater risk than an investment in a fixed-rate municipal bond. The interest payments that the Fund receives on the residual interest bonds acquired in such transactions vary inversely with short-term interest rates, normally decreasing when short-term rates increase. The value and market for residual interest bonds are volatile and such bonds may have limited liquidity. As required by applicable accounting standards, the Fund records interest expense on its liability with respect to floating-rate notes and also records offsetting interest income in an amount equal to this expense.
Sector and Geographic Concentration Risk. Because the Fund will concentrate its investments in obligations issued by a particular state and may concentrate in certain sectors or types of obligations, the value of Fund shares may be affected by events that adversely affect that state, sector or type of obligation and may fluctuate more than that of a less concentrated fund. General obligation bonds issued by municipalities are adversely affected by economic downturns and the resulting decline in tax revenues. Please refer to the Fund's Statement of Additional Information for state-specific economic information.
Risks of Principal Only Investments. Principal only investments entitle the holder to receive par value of such investment if held to maturity. The values of principal only investments are subject to greater fluctuation in response to changes in market interest rates than bonds which pay interest currently. The Fund will accrue income on these investments and is required to distribute that income each year. The Fund may be required to sell securities to obtain cash needed for such income distributions.
Issuer Diversification Risk. The Fund is non-diversified which means it may invest a greater percentage of its assets in the securities of a single issuer than funds that are diversified. Non-diversified funds face the risk of focusing investments in a small number of issuers, making them more susceptible to risks affecting such issuers than a more diversified fund might be.
Tax Risk. Income from tax-exempt municipal obligations could be declared taxable because of unfavorable changes in tax laws, adverse interpretations by the Internal Revenue Service or non-compliant conduct of a bond issuer. A portion of the Funds income may be taxable to shareholders subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.
Risks Associated with Active Management. The Fund is an actively managed portfolio and its success depends upon the investment skills and analytical abilities of the investment adviser to develop and effectively implement strategies to achieve the Funds investment objective. Subjective decisions made by the investment adviser may cause the Fund to incur losses or to miss profit opportunities on which it may otherwise have capitalized.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
10
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
General Fund Investing Risks. The Fund is not a complete investment program and you may lose money by investing in the Fund. All investments carry a certain amount of risk and there is no guarantee that the Fund will be able to achieve its investment objective . Annual Fund Operating Expenses expressed as a percentage of the Funds average daily net assets may change as Fund assets increase and decrease, and Annual Fund Operating Expenses may differ in the future. Purchase and redemption activities by Fund shareholders may impact the management of the Fund and its ability to achieve its investment objective. In addition, the redemption by one or more large shareholders or groups of shareholders of their holdings in the Fund could have an adverse impact on the remaining shareholders in the Fund. Investors in the Fund should have a long-term investment perspective and be able to tolerate potentially sharp declines in value. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit in a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person. Mutual funds, investment advisers, other market participants and many securities markets are subject to rules and regulations and the jurisdiction of one or more regulators. Changes to applicable rules and regulations could have an adverse affect on securities markets and market participants, as well as on the Funds ability to execute its investment strategy.
Performance
The following bar chart and table provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Funds performance from year to year and how the Funds average annual returns over time compare with those of a broad-based securities market index. The returns in the bar chart are for Class A shares and do not reflect a sales charge. If the sales charge was reflected, the returns would be lower. Past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Updated Fund performance information can be obtained by visiting www.eatonvance.com.
During the ten years ended December 31, 2011 , the highest quarterly total return for Class A was 5.43 % for the quarter ended September 30, 2009, and the lowest quarterly return was 3.19 % for the quarter ended December 31, 2010 . The year-to-date total return through the end of the most recent calendar quarter (December 31, 2011 to June 30, 2012 ) was 1.82 %. For the 30 days ended March 31, 2012 , the SEC yield and SEC tax-equivalent yield (assuming a combined state and federal income tax rate of 38.45 %) for Class A shares were 1.40 % and 2.27 %, respectively, for Class B shares were 0.69 % and 1.12 %, respectively, for Class C shares were 0.69% and 1.12%, respectively, and for Class I shares were 1.59 % and 2.58 %, respectively. A lower tax rate would result in lower tax-equivalent yields. For current yield information call 1-800-262-1122.
These returns reflect the maximum sales charge for Class A (2.25%) and any applicable contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) for Class B and Class C. The Class I performance shown above for the period prior to August 3 , 2010 (commencement of operations) is the performance of Class A shares at net asset value without adjustment for any differences in the expenses of the two classes. If adjusted for other expenses, returns would be different. Investors cannot invest directly in an Index .
After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rate and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. After-tax returns for other Classes of shares will vary from after-tax returns presented for Class A shares. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the Sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
11
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Management
Investment Adviser. Boston Management and Research (BMR).
Portfolio Manager. The Fund is managed by William H. Ahern, Jr., Vice President of BMR, who has managed the Fund since 1997.
For important information about purchase and sale of shares, taxes and financial intermediary compensation, please turn to Important Information Regarding Fund Shares on page 23 of this Prospectus.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
12
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Eaton Vance National Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund
Investment Objective
The Funds investment objective is to provide current income exempt from regular federal income tax and limited principal fluctuation.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for a reduced sales charge if you invest, or agree to invest over a 13-month period, at least $100,000 in Eaton Vance Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary and in Sales Charges beginning on page 31 of this Prospectus and page 19 of the Funds Statement of Additional Information.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of offering price) |
2.25% |
None |
None |
None |
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of the lower of net asset value at purchase or redemption) |
None |
3.00% |
1.00% |
None |
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Management Fees |
0.42% |
0.42% |
0.42% |
0.42% |
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.15% |
0.90% |
0.90% |
n/a |
Other Expenses |
0.11% |
0.11% |
0.11% |
0.11% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
0.68% |
1.43% |
1.43% |
0.53% |
Example. This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
|
Expenses with Redemption |
Expenses without Redemption |
||||||
|
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
Class A shares |
$ 293 |
$ 438 |
$ 595 |
$ 1,052 |
$ 293 |
$ 438 |
$ 595 |
$ 1,052 |
Class B shares |
$ 446 |
$ 652 |
$ 694 |
$ 1,149 |
$ 146 |
$ 452 |
$ 694 |
$ 1,149 |
Class C shares |
$ 246 |
$ 452 |
$ 782 |
$ 1,713 |
$ 146 |
$ 452 |
$ 782 |
$ 1,713 |
Class I shares |
$ 54 |
$ 170 |
$ 296 |
$ 665 |
$ 54 |
$ 170 |
$ 296 |
$ 665 |
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over the portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was 16% of the average value of its portfolio.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
13
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Principal Investment Strategies
Under normal market circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in municipal obligations, that are exempt from regular federal income tax (the 80% Policy). The Fund may invest without limit in obligations the income from which is subject to the federal alternative minimum tax. At least 65% of net assets normally will be invested in municipal obligations rated at least investment grade at the time of investment (which are those rated Baa or higher by Moodys Investors Service, Inc. (Moodys), or BBB or higher by either Standard & Poors Ratings Group (S&P) or Fitch Ratings (Fitch)) or, if unrated, determined by the investment adviser to be of at least investment grade quality. The balance of net assets may be invested in municipal obligations rated below investment grade and in unrated municipal obligations considered to be of comparable quality by the investment adviser (junk bonds). The Fund will not invest more than 10% of its net assets in obligations rated below B by Moodys, S&P or Fitch, or in unrated obligations considered to be of comparable quality by the investment adviser. For purposes of rating restrictions, the higher rating is used. The Fund may purchase or sell derivative instruments (such as residual interest bonds, futures contracts and options thereon, interest rate swaps and forward rate contracts) for hedging purposes, for total return or as a substitute for the purchase or sale of securities.
Although the Fund invests in obligations to seek to maintain a dollar-weighted average portfolio duration of between three and nine years, the Fund may invest in individual municipal obligations of any maturity. Duration represents the dollar-weighted average maturity of expected cash flows (i.e., interest and principal payments) on one or more municipal obligations, discounted to their present values. The Fund may use various techniques to shorten or lengthen its dollar-weighted average duration, including the acquisition of municipal obligations at a premium or discount, and transactions in futures contracts and options on futures. The Fund may concentrate 25% or more of its total assets in certain types of municipal obligations (such as general obligations, municipal leases, revenue bonds and industrial development bonds) and in one or more sectors (such as housing, hospitals, healthcare facilities or utilities).
The investment advisers process for selecting obligations for purchase and sale emphasizes the creditworthiness of the issuer or other person obligated to repay the obligation and the relative value of the obligation in the market. In evaluating creditworthiness, the investment adviser considers ratings assigned by rating agencies and generally performs additional credit and investment analysis. The portfolio manager also may trade securities to minimize taxable capital gains to shareholders. A portion of the Funds distributions generally will be subject to alternative minimum tax. The Fund may not be suitable for investors subject to the alternative minimum tax.
Principal Risks
Municipal Bond Risk. The amount of public information available about municipal bonds is generally less than for corporate equities or bonds, meaning that the investment performance of municipal bond investments may be more dependent on the analytical abilities of the investment adviser than stock or corporate bond investments. The secondary market for municipal bonds also tends to be less well-developed and less liquid than many other securities markets, which may limit an owners ability to sell its bonds at attractive prices. The spread between the price at which an obligation can be purchased and the price at which it can be sold may widen during periods of market distress. Less liquid obligations can become more difficult to value and be subject to erratic price movements. The increased presence of non-traditional participants or the absence of traditional participants in the municipal markets may lead to greater volatility in the markets.
Debt Market Risk. Economic and other events (whether real or perceived) can reduce the demand for investments held by the Fund, which may reduce their market prices and cause the value of Fund shares to fall. The frequency and magnitude of such changes cannot be predicted. Certain securities and other investments held by the Fund can experience downturns in trading activity and, at such times, the supply of such instruments in the market may exceed the demand. At other times, the demand for such instruments may exceed the supply in the market. An imbalance in supply and demand in the market may result in valuation uncertainties and greater volatility, less liquidity, wider trading spreads and a lack of price transparency in the market. No active trading market may exist for certain investments, which may impair the ability of the Fund to sell or to realize the full value of such investments in the event of the need to liquidate such assets. Adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of some actively traded investments.
Interest Rate Risk. As interest rates rise, the value of Fund shares is likely to decline. Conversely, when interest rates decline, the value of Fund shares is likely to rise. Obligations with longer maturities generally offer higher yields, but involve greater risk because the prices of such obligations are more sensitive to changes in interest rates than obligations with shorter maturities. In a declining interest rate environment, prepayments of obligations may increase if the issuer has the ability to pre-pay or call the obligation. In such circumstances, the Fund may have to reinvest the prepayment proceeds at lower yields.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
14
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Credit Risk. Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances may reduce the capacity of issuers of fixed income securities to make principal and interest payments and may lead to defaults. Such defaults may reduce the value of Fund shares and income distributions. The value of a fixed income security also may decline because of real or perceived concerns about the issuers ability to make principal and interest payments. In addition, the credit rating of securities held by the Fund may be lowered if an issuers financial condition changes. Municipal obligations may be insured as to principal and interest payments. If the claims-paying ability or other rating of the insurer is downgraded by a rating agency, the value of such obligations may be negatively affected. In the case of an insured bond, the bonds rating will be deemed to be the higher of the rating assigned to the bonds issuer or the insurer.
Risk of Lower Rated Investments. Investments rated below investment grade and comparable unrated securities (junk bonds) have speculative characteristics because of the credit risk associated with their issuers. Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances typically have a greater effect on the ability of issuers of lower rated investments to make principal and interest payments than they do on issuers of higher rated investments. An economic downturn generally leads to a higher non-payment rate, and a lower rated investment may lose significant value before a default occurs. Lower rated investments generally are subject to greater price volatility and illiquidity than higher rated investments.
Derivatives Risk. The use of derivatives can lead to losses because of adverse movements in the price or value of the asset, index, rate or instrument underlying a derivative, due to failure of a counterparty or due to tax or regulatory constraints. Derivatives may create economic leverage in the Fund, which magnifies the Funds exposure to the underlying investment. Derivatives risk may be more significant when derivatives are used to enhance return or as a substitute for a cash investment position, rather than solely to hedge the risk of a position held by the Fund. When derivatives are used to gain or limit exposure to a particular market or market segment, their performance may not correlate as expected to the performance of such market thereby causing the Fund to fail to achieve its original purpose for using such derivatives. A decision as to whether, when and how to use derivatives involves the exercise of specialized skill and judgment, and a transaction may be unsuccessful in whole or in part because of market behavior or unexpected events. Derivative instruments may be difficult to value, may be illiquid, and may be subject to wide swings in valuation caused by changes in the value of the underlying instrument. If a derivatives counterparty is unable to honor its commitments, the value of Fund shares may decline and the Fund could experience delays in the return of collateral or other assets held by the counterparty. The loss on derivative transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment.
Risk of Leveraged Transactions. Certain Fund transactions may give rise to a form of leverage. Such transactions may include, among others, the use of when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment transactions, residual interest bonds, short sales and certain derivative transactions. The Fund is required to segregate liquid assets or otherwise cover the Funds obligation created by a transaction that may give rise to leverage. The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements. Leverage may cause the Fund to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged, as certain types of leverage may exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Funds portfolio securities. The loss on leveraged transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment.
Risk of Residual Interest Bonds. The Fund may enter into residual interest bond transactions, which expose the Fund to leverage and greater risk than an investment in a fixed-rate municipal bond. The interest payments that the Fund receives on the residual interest bonds acquired in such transactions vary inversely with short-term interest rates, normally decreasing when short-term rates increase. The value and market for residual interest bonds are volatile and such bonds may have limited liquidity. As required by applicable accounting standards, the Fund records interest expense on its liability with respect to floating-rate notes and also records offsetting interest income in an amount equal to this expense.
Sector Concentration Risk. Because the Fund will concentrate its investments in certain types of municipal obligations and may concentrate in certain sectors, the value of Fund shares may be affected by events that adversely affect that sector or type of obligation and may fluctuate more than that of a less concentrated fund. General obligation bonds issued by municipalities are adversely affected by economic downturns and the resulting decline in tax revenues.
Risks of Principal Only Investments. Principal only investments entitle the holder to receive par value of such investment if held to maturity. The values of principal only investments are subject to greater fluctuation in response to changes in market interest rates than bonds which pay interest currently. The Fund will accrue income on these investments and is required to distribute that income each year. The Fund may be required to sell securities to obtain cash needed for such income distributions.
Tax Risk. Income from tax-exempt municipal obligations could be declared taxable because of unfavorable changes in tax laws, adverse interpretations by the Internal Revenue Service or non-compliant conduct of a bond issuer. A portion of the Funds income may be taxable to shareholders subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
15
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Risks Associated with Active Management. The Fund is an actively managed portfolio and its success depends upon the investment skills and analytical abilities of the investment adviser to develop and effectively implement strategies to achieve the Funds investment objective. Subjective decisions made by the investment adviser may cause the Fund to incur losses or to miss profit opportunities on which it may otherwise have capitalized.
General Fund Investing Risks. The Fund is not a complete investment program and you may lose money by investing in the Fund. All investments carry a certain amount of risk and there is no guarantee that the Fund will be able to achieve its investment objective. Annual Fund Operating Expenses expressed as a percentage of the Funds average daily net assets may change as Fund assets increase and decrease, and Annual Fund Operating Expenses may differ in the future. Purchase and redemption activities by Fund shareholders may impact the management of the Fund and its ability to achieve its investment objective. In addition, the redemption by one or more large shareholders or groups of shareholders of their holdings in the Fund could have an adverse impact on the remaining shareholders in the Fund. Investors in the Fund should have a long-term investment perspective and be able to tolerate potentially sharp declines in value. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit in a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person. Mutual funds, investment advisers, other market participants and many securities markets are subject to rules and regulations and the jurisdiction of one or more regulators. Changes to applicable rules and regulations could have an adverse affect on securities markets and market participants, as well as on the Funds ability to execute its investment strategy.
Performance
The following bar chart and table provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Funds performance from year to year and how the Funds average annual returns over time compare with those of a broad-based securities market index. The returns in the bar chart are for Class A shares and do not reflect a sales charge. If the sales charge was reflected, the returns would be lower. Past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Updated Fund performance information can be obtained by visiting www.eatonvance.com.
During the ten years ended December 31, 2011, the highest quarterly total return for Class A was 7.67 % for the quarter ended September 30, 2009, and the lowest quarterly return was 4.93% for the quarter ended December 31, 2008. The year-to-date total return through the end of the most recent calendar quarter (December 31, 2011 to June 30, 2012) was 3.00%. For the 30 days ended March 31, 2012, the SEC yield and SEC tax-equivalent yield (assuming a federal income tax rate of 35.00%) for Class A shares were 2.02% and 3.11%, respectively, for Class B shares were 1.32% and 2.03%, respectively, for Class C shares were 1.32% and 2.03%, respectively, and for Class I shares were 2.22% and 3.42%, respectively. A lower tax rate would result in lower tax-equivalent yields. For current yield information call 1-800-262-1122.
These returns reflect the maximum sales charge for Class A (2.25%) and any applicable contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) for Class B and Class C. The Class I performance shown above for the period prior to October 1, 2009 (commencement of operations) is the performance of Class A shares at net asset value without adjustment for any differences in the expenses of the two classes. If adjusted for other expenses, returns would be different. Investors cannot invest directly in an Index.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
16
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rate and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. After-tax returns for other Classes of shares will vary from the after-tax returns presented for Class A shares. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.
Management
Investment Adviser. Boston Management and Research (BMR).
Portfolio Manager. The Fund is managed by William H. Ahern, Vice President of BMR, who has managed the Fund since 1997.
For important information about purchase and sale of shares, taxes and financial intermediary compensation, please turn to Important Information Regarding Fund Shares on page 23 of this Prospectus.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
17
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Eaton Vance New York Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund
Investment Objective
The Funds investment objective is to provide current income exempt from regular federal income tax and New York state and New York City personal income taxes, and limited principal fluctuation.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for a reduced sales charge if you invest, or agree to invest over a 13-month period, at least $100,000 in Eaton Vance Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary and in Sales Charges beginning on page 31 of this Prospectus and page 19 of the Funds Statement of Additional Information.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of offering price) |
2.25% |
None |
None |
None |
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of the lower of net asset value at purchase or redemption) |
None |
3.00% |
1.00% |
None |
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Management Fees |
0.42% |
0.42% |
0.42% |
0.42% |
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.15% |
0.90% |
0.90% |
n/a |
Other Expenses |
0.21 % |
0.21 % |
0.21 % |
0.21 % |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
0.78% |
1.53% |
1.53% |
0.63% |
Example. This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
|
Expenses with Redemption |
Expenses without Redemption |
||||||
|
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
Class A shares |
$ 303 |
$ 469 |
$ 649 |
$ 1,169 |
$ 303 |
$ 469 |
$ 649 |
$ 1,169 |
Class B shares |
$ 456 |
$ 683 |
$ 747 |
$ 1,265 |
$ 156 |
$ 483 |
$ 747 |
$ 1,265 |
Class C shares |
$ 256 |
$ 483 |
$ 834 |
$ 1,824 |
$ 156 |
$ 483 |
$ 834 |
$ 1,824 |
Class I shares |
$ 64 |
$ 202 |
$ 351 |
$ 786 |
$ 64 |
$ 202 |
$ 351 |
$ 786 |
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over the portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was 12 % of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
Under normal market circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in municipal obligations that are exempt from regular federal income tax and the state taxes specified in the Funds investment objective (the 80% Policy). The Fund may invest without limit in obligations the income from which is subject to the federal alternative minimum tax. At least 75% of net assets normally will be invested in municipal obligations rated at least investment grade at the time of investment (which are those rated Baa or higher by Moodys Investors Service, Inc. (Moodys), or BBB or higher by either Standard & Poors Ratings Group (S&P) or Fitch Ratings (Fitch)) or, if unrated, determined by the investment adviser to be of at least investment grade quality. The balance of net assets may be invested in municipal obligations rated below investment grade and in unrated municipal obligations considered to be of comparable quality by the investment adviser (junk bonds). The Fund will not invest more than 10% of its net assets in obligations rated below B by Moodys, S&P or Fitch, or in unrated obligations considered to
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
18
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
be of comparable quality by the investment adviser. For purposes of rating restrictions, the higher rating is used. Under normal market conditions, the Fund invests at least 65% of its total assets in obligations issued by its state or its political subdivisions, agencies, authorities and instrumentalities. If consistent with relevant state tax requirements, the Fund may invest up to 35% of its net assets in municipal obligations issued by the governments of Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam. The Fund is non-diversified and may invest, with respect to 50% of its total assets, more than 5% (but not more than 25%) of its total assets in securities of any one issuer (such limitations do not apply to U.S. Government securities). The Fund may purchase or sell derivative instruments (such as residual interest bonds, futures contracts and options thereon, interest rate swaps and forward rate contracts) for hedging purposes, for total return or as a substitute for the purchase or sale of securities.
Although the Fund invests in obligations to seek to maintain a dollar-weighted average portfolio duration of between three and nine years, the Fund may invest in individual municipal obligations of any maturity. Duration represents the dollar-weighted average maturity of expected cash flows (i.e., interest and principal payments) on one or more municipal obligations, discounted to their present values. The Fund may use various techniques to shorten or lengthen its dollar-weighted average duration, including the acquisition of municipal obligations at a premium or discount, and transactions in futures contracts and options on futures. The Fund may concentrate 25% or more of its total assets in certain types of municipal obligations (such as general obligations, municipal leases, revenue bonds and industrial development bonds) and in one or more sectors (such as housing, hospitals, healthcare facilities or utilities).
The investment advisers process for selecting obligations for purchase and sale emphasizes the creditworthiness of the issuer or other person obligated to repay the obligation and the relative value of the obligation in the market. In evaluating creditworthiness, the investment adviser considers ratings assigned by rating agencies and generally performs additional credit and investment analysis. The portfolio manager also may trade securities to seek to minimize taxable capital gains to shareholders. A portion of the Funds distributions generally will be subject to the federal alternative minimum tax. The Fund may not be suitable for investors subject to the alternative minimum tax.
Principal Risks
Municipal Bond Risk. The amount of public information available about municipal bonds is generally less than for corporate equities or bonds , meaning that the investment performance of municipal bond investments may be more dependent on the analytical abilities of the investment adviser than stock or corporate bond investments . The secondary market for municipal bonds also tends to be less well-developed and less liquid than many other securities markets, which may limit an owners ability to sell its bonds at attractive prices. The spread between the price at which an obligation can be purchased and the price at which it can be sold may widen during periods of market distress . Less liquid obligations can become more difficult to value and be subject to erratic price movements. The increased presence of non-traditional participants or the absence of traditional participants in the municipal markets may lead to greater volatility in the markets.
Debt Market Risk. Economic and other events (whether real or perceived) can reduce the demand for investments held by the Fund, which may reduce their market prices and cause the value of Fund shares to fall. The frequency and magnitude of such changes cannot be predicted. Certain securities and other investments held by the Fund can experience downturns in trading activity and, at such times, the supply of such instruments in the market may exceed the demand. At other times, the demand for such instruments may exceed the supply in the market. An imbalance in supply and demand in the market may result in valuation uncertainties and greater volatility, less liquidity, wider trading spreads and a lack of price transparency in the market. No active trading market may exist for certain investments, which may impair the ability of the Fund to sell or to realize the full value of such investments in the event of the need to liquidate such assets. Adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of some actively traded investments.
Interest Rate Risk. As interest rates rise, the value of Fund shares is likely to decline. Conversely, when interest rates decline, the value of Fund shares is likely to rise. Obligations with longer maturities generally offer higher yields, but involve greater risk because the prices of such obligations are more sensitive to changes in interest rates than obligations with shorter maturities. In a declining interest rate environment, prepayments of obligations may increase if the issuer has the ability to pre-pay or call the obligation. In such circumstances, the Fund may have to reinvest the prepayment proceeds at lower yields.
Credit Risk. Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances may reduce the capacity of issuers of fixed income securities to make principal and interest payments and may lead to defaults. Such defaults may reduce the value of Fund shares and income distributions. The value of a fixed income security also may decline because of real or perceived concerns about the issuers ability to make principal and interest payments. In addition, the credit rating of securities held by the Fund may be lowered if an issuers financial condition changes. Municipal obligations may be insured as to principal and interest payments. If the claims-paying ability or other rating of the insurer is downgraded by a rating agency, the value of such obligations may be negatively affected. In the case of an insured bond, the bonds rating will be deemed to be the higher of the rating assigned to the bonds issuer or the insurer.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
19
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Risk of Lower Rated Investments. Investments rated below investment grade and comparable unrated securities (junk bonds) have speculative characteristics because of the credit risk associated with their issuers. Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances typically have a greater effect on the ability of issuers of lower rated investments to make principal and interest payments than they do on issuers of higher rated investments. An economic downturn generally leads to a higher non-payment rate, and a lower rated investment may lose significant value before a default occurs. Lower rated investments generally are subject to greater price volatility and illiquidity than higher rated investments.
Derivatives Risk. The use of derivatives can lead to losses because of adverse movements in the price or value of the asset, index, rate or instrument underlying a derivative, due to failure of a counterparty or due to tax or regulatory constraints. Derivatives may create economic leverage in the Fund, which magnifies the Funds exposure to the underlying investment. Derivatives risk may be more significant when derivatives are used to enhance return or as a substitute for a cash investment position, rather than solely to hedge the risk of a position held by the Fund. When derivatives are used to gain or limit exposure to a particular market or market segment, their performance may not correlate as expected to the performance of such market thereby causing the Fund to fail to achieve its original purpose for using such derivatives. A decision as to whether, when and how to use derivatives involves the exercise of specialized skill and judgment, and a transaction may be unsuccessful in whole or in part because of market behavior or unexpected events. Derivative instruments may be difficult to value, may be illiquid, and may be subject to wide swings in valuation caused by changes in the value of the underlying instrument. If a derivatives counterparty is unable to honor its commitments, the value of Fund shares may decline and the Fund could experience delays in the return of collateral or other assets held by the counterparty. The loss on derivative transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment.
Risk of Leveraged Transactions . Certain Fund transactions may give rise to a form of leverage. Such transactions may include, among others, the use of when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment transactions, residual interest bonds, short sales and certain derivative transactions. The Fund is required to segregate liquid assets or otherwise cover the Funds obligation created by a transaction that may give rise to leverage. The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements. Leverage may cause the Fund to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged, as certain types of leverage may exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Funds portfolio securities. The loss on leveraged transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment.
Risk of Residual Interest Bonds. The Fund may enter into residual interest bond transactions, which expose the Fund to leverage and greater risk than an investment in a fixed-rate municipal bond. The interest payments that the Fund receives on the residual interest bonds acquired in such transactions vary inversely with short-term interest rates, normally decreasing when short-term rates increase. The value and market for residual interest bonds are volatile and such bonds may have limited liquidity. As required by applicable accounting standards, the Fund records interest expense on its liability with respect to floating-rate notes and also records offsetting interest income in an amount equal to this expense.
Sector and Geographic Concentration Risk. Because the Fund will concentrate its investments in obligations issued by a particular state and may concentrate in certain sectors or types of obligations, the value of Fund shares may be affected by events that adversely affect that state, sector or type of obligation and may fluctuate more than that of a less concentrated fund. General obligation bonds issued by municipalities are adversely affected by economic downturns and the resulting decline in tax revenues. Please refer to the Fund's Statement of Additional Information for state-specific economic information.
Risks of Principal Only Investments. Principal only investments entitle the holder to receive par value of such investment if held to maturity. The values of principal only investments are subject to greater fluctuation in response to changes in market interest rates than bonds which pay interest currently. The Fund will accrue income on these investments and is required to distribute that income each year. The Fund may be required to sell securities to obtain cash needed for such income distributions.
Issuer Diversification Risk. The Fund is non-diversified which means it may invest a greater percentage of its assets in the securities of a single issuer than funds that are diversified. Non-diversified funds face the risk of focusing investments in a small number of issuers, making them more susceptible to risks affecting such issuers than a more diversified fund might be.
Tax Risk. Income from tax-exempt municipal obligations could be declared taxable because of unfavorable changes in tax laws, adverse interpretations by the Internal Revenue Service, or state tax authorities or non-compliant conduct of a bond issuer. A portion of the Funds income may be taxable to shareholders subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.
Risks Associated with Active Management. The Fund is an actively managed portfolio and its success depends upon the investment skills and analytical abilities of the investment adviser to develop and effectively implement strategies to achieve the Funds investment objective. Subjective decisions made by the investment adviser may cause the Fund to incur losses or to miss profit opportunities on which it may otherwise have capitalized.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
20
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
General Fund Investing Risks. The Fund is not a complete investment program and you may lose money by investing in the Fund. All investments carry a certain amount of risk and there is no guarantee that the Fund will be able to achieve its investment objective. Annual Fund Operating Expenses expressed as a percentage of the Funds average daily net assets may change as Fund assets increase and decrease, and Annual Fund Operating Expenses may differ in the future. Purchase and redemption activities by Fund shareholders may impact the management of the Fund and its ability to achieve its investment objective. In addition, the redemption by one or more large shareholders or groups of shareholders of their holdings in the Fund could have an adverse impact on the remaining shareholders in the Fund. Investors in the Fund should have a long-term investment perspective and be able to tolerate potentially sharp declines in value. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit in a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person. Mutual funds, investment advisers, other market participants and many securities markets are subject to rules and regulations and the jurisdiction of one or more regulators. Changes to applicable rules and regulations could have an adverse affect on securities markets and market participants, as well as on the Funds ability to execute its investment strategy.
Performance
The following bar chart and table provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Funds performance from year to year and how the Funds average annual returns over time compare with those of a broad-based securities market index. The returns in the bar chart are for Class A shares and do not reflect a sales charge. If the sales charge was reflected, the returns would be lower. Past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Updated Fund performance information can be obtained by visiting www.eatonvance.com.
During the ten years ended December 31, 2011 , the highest quarterly total return for Class A was 6.70 % for the quarter ended September 30, 2009, and the lowest quarterly return was 4.14 % for the quarter ended December 31, 2008. The year-to-date total return through the end of the most recent calendar quarter (December 31, 2011 to June 30, 2012 ) was 2.29%. For the 30 days ended March 31, 2012 , the SEC yield and SEC tax-equivalent yield (assuming a combined state and federal income tax rate of 40.73 %) for Class A shares were 1.55 % and 2.62 %, respectively, for Class B shares were 0.84 % and 1.42 %, respectively, for Class C shares were 0.84 % and 1.42 %, respectively, and for Class I shares were 1.73 % and 2.92 %, respectively. A lower tax rate would result in lower tax-equivalent yields. For current yield information call 1-800-262-1122.
These returns reflect the maximum sales charge for Class A (2.25%) and any applicable contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) for Class B and Class C. The Class I performance shown above for the period prior to August 3 , 2010 (commencement of operations) is the performance of Class A shares at net asset value without adjustment for any differences in the expenses of the two classes. If adjusted for other expenses, returns would be different. Investors cannot invest directly in an Index.
After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rate and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. After-tax returns for other Classes of shares will vary from after-tax returns presented for Class A shares. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the Sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
21
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Management
Investment Adviser. Boston Management and Research (BMR).
Portfolio Manager. The Fund is managed by William H. Ahern, Jr., Vice President of BMR, who has managed the Fund since 1997.
For important information about purchase and sale of shares, taxes and financial intermediary compensation, please turn to Important Information Regarding Fund Shares on page 23 of this Prospectus.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
22
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Eaton Vance Pennsylvania Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund
Investment Objective
The Funds investment objective is to provide current income exempt from regular federal income tax and Pennsylvania state and local taxes in the form of an investment exempt from Pennsylvania personal property taxes, and limited principal fluctuation.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for a reduced sales charge if you invest, or agree to invest over a 13-month period, at least $100,000 in Eaton Vance Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary and in Sales Charges beginning on page 31 of this Prospectus and page 19 of the Funds Statement of Additional Information.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of offering price) |
2.25% |
None |
None |
None |
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of the lower of net asset value at purchase or redemption) |
None |
3.00% |
1.00% |
None |
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Management Fees |
0.43% |
0.43% |
0.43% |
0.43% |
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.15% |
0.90% |
0.90% |
n/a |
Other Expenses |
0.25 % |
0.25 % |
0.25 % |
0.25 % |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
0.83% |
1.58% |
1.58% |
0.68% |
Example. This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
|
Expenses with Redemption |
Expenses without Redemption |
||||||
|
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
Class A shares |
$ 308 |
$ 484 |
$ 675 |
$ 1,227 |
$ 308 |
$ 484 |
$ 675 |
$ 1,227 |
Class B shares |
$ 461 |
$ 699 |
$ 773 |
$ 1,322 |
$ 161 |
$ 499 |
$ 773 |
$ 1,322 |
Class C shares |
$ 261 |
$ 499 |
$ 860 |
$ 1,878 |
$ 161 |
$ 499 |
$ 860 |
$ 1,878 |
Class I shares |
$ 69 |
$ 218 |
$ 379 |
$ 847 |
$ 69 |
$ 218 |
$ 379 |
$ 847 |
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over the portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was 15% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
Under normal market circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in municipal obligations that are exempt from regular federal income tax and the state taxes specified in the Funds investment objective (the 80% Policy). The Fund may invest without limit in obligations the income from which is subject to the federal alternative minimum tax. At least 75% of net assets normally will be invested in municipal obligations rated at least investment grade at the time of investment (which are those rated Baa or higher by Moodys Investors Service, Inc. (Moodys), or BBB or higher by either Standard & Poors Ratings Group (S&P) or Fitch Ratings (Fitch)) or, if unrated, determined by the investment adviser to be of at least investment grade quality. The balance of net assets may be invested in municipal obligations rated below investment grade and in unrated municipal obligations considered to be of comparable quality by the investment adviser (junk bonds). The Fund will not invest more than 10% of its net assets in obligations rated below B by Moodys, S&P or Fitch, or in unrated obligations considered to be of comparable quality by the investment adviser. For purposes of rating restrictions, the higher rating is used. Under normal
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
23
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
market conditions, the Fund invests at least 65% of its total assets in obligations issued by its state or its political subdivisions, agencies, authorities and instrumentalities. If consistent with relevant state tax requirements, the Fund may invest up to 35% of its net assets in municipal obligations issued by the governments of Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam. The Fund is non-diversified and may invest, with respect to 50% of its total assets, more than 5% (but not more than 25%) of its total assets in securities of any one issuer (such limitations do not apply to U.S. Government securities). The Fund may purchase or sell derivative instruments (such as residual interest bonds, futures contracts and options thereon, interest rate swaps and forward rate contracts) for hedging purposes, for total return or as a substitute for the purchase or sale of securities.
Although the Fund invests in obligations to seek to maintain a dollar-weighted average portfolio duration of between three and nine years, the Fund may invest in individual municipal obligations of any maturity. Duration represents the dollar-weighted average maturity of expected cash flows (i.e., interest and principal payments) on one or more municipal obligations, discounted to their present values. The Fund may use various techniques to shorten or lengthen its dollar-weighted average duration, including the acquisition of municipal obligations at a premium or discount, and transactions in futures contracts and options on futures. The Fund may concentrate 25% or more of its total assets in certain types of municipal obligations (such as general obligations, municipal leases, revenue bonds and industrial development bonds) and in one or more sectors (such as housing, hospitals, healthcare facilities or utilities).
The investment advisers process for selecting obligations for purchase and sale emphasizes the creditworthiness of the issuer or other person obligated to repay the obligation and the relative value of the obligation in the market. In evaluating creditworthiness, the investment adviser considers ratings assigned by rating agencies and generally performs additional credit and investment analysis. The portfolio manager also may trade securities to seek to minimize taxable capital gains to shareholders. A portion of the Funds distributions generally will be subject to the federal alternative minimum tax. The Fund may not be suitable for investors subject to the alternative minimum tax.
Principal Risks
Municipal Bond Risk. The amount of public information available about municipal bonds is generally less than for corporate equities or bonds, meaning that the investment performance of municipal bond investments may be more dependent on the analytical abilities of the investment adviser than stock or corporate bond investments. The secondary market for municipal bonds also tends to be less well-developed and less liquid than many other securities markets, which may limit an owners ability to sell its bonds at attractive prices. The spread between the price at which an obligation can be purchased and the price at which it can be sold may widen during periods of market distress. Less liquid obligations can become more difficult to value and be subject to erratic price movements. The increased presence of non-traditional participants or the absence of traditional participants in the municipal markets may lead to greater volatility in the markets.
Debt Market Risk. Economic and other events (whether real or perceived) can reduce the demand for investments held by the Fund, which may reduce their market prices and cause the value of Fund shares to fall. The frequency and magnitude of such changes cannot be predicted. Certain securities and other investments held by the Fund can experience downturns in trading activity and, at such times, the supply of such instruments in the market may exceed the demand. At other times, the demand for such instruments may exceed the supply in the market. An imbalance in supply and demand in the market may result in valuation uncertainties and greater volatility, less liquidity, wider trading spreads and a lack of price transparency in the market. No active trading market may exist for certain investments, which may impair the ability of the Fund to sell or to realize the full value of such investments in the event of the need to liquidate such assets. Adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of some actively traded investments.
Interest Rate Risk. As interest rates rise, the value of Fund shares is likely to decline. Conversely, when interest rates decline, the value of Fund shares is likely to rise. Obligations with longer maturities generally offer higher yields, but involve greater risk because the prices of such obligations are more sensitive to changes in interest rates than obligations with shorter maturities. In a declining interest rate environment, prepayments of obligations may increase if the issuer has the ability to pre-pay or call the obligation. In such circumstances, the Fund may have to reinvest the prepayment proceeds at lower yields.
Credit Risk. Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances may reduce the capacity of issuers of fixed income securities to make principal and interest payments and may lead to defaults. Such defaults may reduce the value of Fund shares and income distributions. The value of a fixed income security also may decline because of real or perceived concerns about the issuers ability to make principal and interest payments. In addition, the credit rating of securities held by the Fund may be lowered if an issuers financial condition changes. Municipal obligations may be insured as to principal and interest payments. If the claims-paying ability or other rating of the insurer is downgraded by a rating agency, the value of such obligations may be negatively affected. In the case of an insured bond, the bonds rating will be deemed to be the higher of the rating assigned to the bonds issuer or the insurer.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
24
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Risk of Lower Rated Investments. Investments rated below investment grade and comparable unrated securities (junk bonds) have speculative characteristics because of the credit risk associated with their issuers. Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances typically have a greater effect on the ability of issuers of lower rated investments to make principal and interest payments than they do on issuers of higher rated investments. An economic downturn generally leads to a higher non-payment rate, and a lower rated investment may lose significant value before a default occurs. Lower rated investments generally are subject to greater price volatility and illiquidity than higher rated investments.
Derivatives Risk. The use of derivatives can lead to losses because of adverse movements in the price or value of the asset, index, rate or instrument underlying a derivative, due to failure of a counterparty or due to tax or regulatory constraints. Derivatives may create economic leverage in the Fund, which magnifies the Funds exposure to the underlying investment. Derivatives risk may be more significant when derivatives are used to enhance return or as a substitute for a cash investment position, rather than solely to hedge the risk of a position held by the Fund. When derivatives are used to gain or limit exposure to a particular market or market segment, their performance may not correlate as expected to the performance of such market thereby causing the Fund to fail to achieve its original purpose for using such derivatives. A decision as to whether, when and how to use derivatives involves the exercise of specialized skill and judgment, and a transaction may be unsuccessful in whole or in part because of market behavior or unexpected events. Derivative instruments may be difficult to value, may be illiquid, and may be subject to wide swings in valuation caused by changes in the value of the underlying instrument. If a derivatives counterparty is unable to honor its commitments, the value of Fund shares may decline and the Fund could experience delays in the return of collateral or other assets held by the counterparty. The loss on derivative transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment.
Risk of Leveraged Transactions. Certain Fund transactions may give rise to a form of leverage. Such transactions may include, among others, the use of when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment transactions, residual interest bonds, short sales and certain derivative transactions. The Fund is required to segregate liquid assets or otherwise cover the Funds obligation created by a transaction that may give rise to leverage. The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements. Leverage may cause the Fund to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged, as certain types of leverage may exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Funds portfolio securities. The loss on leveraged transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment.
Risk of Residual Interest Bonds. The Fund may enter into residual interest bond transactions, which expose the Fund to leverage and greater risk than an investment in a fixed-rate municipal bond. The interest payments that the Fund receives on the residual interest bonds acquired in such transactions vary inversely with short-term interest rates, normally decreasing when short-term rates increase. The value and market for residual interest bonds are volatile and such bonds may have limited liquidity. As required by applicable accounting standards, the Fund records interest expense on its liability with respect to floating-rate notes and also records offsetting interest income in an amount equal to this expense.
Sector and Geographic Concentration Risk. Because the Fund will concentrate its investments in obligations issued by a particular state and may concentrate in certain sectors or types of obligations, the value of Fund shares may be affected by events that adversely affect that state, sector or type of obligation and may fluctuate more than that of a less concentrated fund. General obligation bonds issued by municipalities are adversely affected by economic downturns and the resulting decline in tax revenues. Please refer to the Fund's Statement of Additional Information for state-specific economic information.
Risks of Principal Only Investments. Principal only investments entitle the holder to receive par value of such investment if held to maturity. The values of principal only investments are subject to greater fluctuation in response to changes in market interest rates than bonds which pay interest currently. The Fund will accrue income on these investments and is required to distribute that income each year. The Fund may be required to sell securities to obtain cash needed for such income distributions.
Issuer Diversification Risk. The Fund is non-diversified which means it may invest a greater percentage of its assets in the securities of a single issuer than funds that are diversified. Non-diversified funds face the risk of focusing investments in a small number of issuers, making them more susceptible to risks affecting such issuers than a more diversified fund might be.
Tax Risk. Income from tax-exempt municipal obligations could be declared taxable because of unfavorable changes in tax laws, adverse interpretations by the Internal Revenue Service or non-compliant conduct of a bond issuer. A portion of the Funds income may be taxable to shareholders subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.
Risks Associated with Active Management. The Fund is an actively managed portfolio and its success depends upon the investment skills and analytical abilities of the investment adviser to develop and effectively implement strategies to achieve the Funds investment objective. Subjective decisions made by the investment adviser may cause the Fund to incur losses or to miss profit opportunities on which it may otherwise have capitalized.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
25
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
General Fund Investing Risks. The Fund is not a complete investment program and you may lose money by investing in the Fund. All investments carry a certain amount of risk and there is no guarantee that the Fund will be able to achieve its investment objective. Annual Fund Operating Expenses expressed as a percentage of the Funds average daily net assets may change as Fund assets increase and decrease, and Annual Fund Operating Expenses may differ in the future. Purchase and redemption activities by Fund shareholders may impact the management of the Fund and its ability to achieve its investment objective. In addition, the redemption by one or more large shareholders or groups of shareholders of their holdings in the Fund could have an adverse impact on the remaining shareholders in the Fund. Investors in the Fund should have a long-term investment perspective and be able to tolerate potentially sharp declines in value. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit in a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person. Mutual funds, investment advisers, other market participants and many securities markets are subject to rules and regulations and the jurisdiction of one or more regulators. Changes to applicable rules and regulations could have an adverse affect on securities markets and market participants, as well as on the Funds ability to execute its investment strategy.
Performance
The following bar chart and table provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Funds performance from year to year and how the Funds average annual returns over time compare with those of a broad-based securities market index. The returns in the bar chart are for Class A shares and do not reflect a sales charge. If the sales charge was reflected, the returns would be lower. Past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Updated Fund performance information can be obtained by visiting www.eatonvance.com.
During the ten years ended December 31, 2011, the highest quarterly total return for Class A was 5.68% for the quarter ended September 30, 2009, and the lowest quarterly return was 3.06% for the quarter ended December 31, 2010. The year-to-date total return through the end of the most recent calendar quarter (December 31, 2011 to June 30, 2012) was 2.19%. For the 30 days ended March 31, 2011, the SEC yield and SEC tax-equivalent yield (assuming a combined state and federal income tax rate of 37.00%) for Class A shares were 1.91% and 3.03%, respectively, for Class B shares were 1.21% and 1.92%, respectively, for Class C shares were 1.21% and 1.92%, respectively, and for Class I shares were 2.10% and 3.33%, respectively. A lower tax rate would result in lower tax-equivalent yields. For current yield information call 1-800-262-1122.
These returns reflect the maximum sales charge for Class A (2.25%) and any applicable contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) for Class B and Class C. The Class I performance shown above for the period prior to August 3, 2010 (commencement of operations) is the performance of Class A shares at net asset value without adjustment for any differences in the expenses of the two classes. If adjusted for other expenses, returns would be different. Investors cannot invest directly in an Index.
After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rate and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. After-tax returns for other Classes of shares will vary from after-tax returns presented for Class A shares. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the Sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
26
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Management
Investment Adviser. Boston Management and Research (BMR).
Portfolio Manager. The Fund is managed by Adam A. Weigold, Vice President of BMR, who has managed the Fund since 2007.
For important information about purchase and sale of shares, taxes and financial intermediary compensation, please turn to Important Information Regarding Fund Shares on page 23 of this Prospectus.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
27
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Important Information Regarding Fund Shares
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
You may purchase, redeem or exchange Fund shares on any business day, which is any day the New York Stock Exchange is open for business. Class B shares are only available for purchase upon exchange from another Eaton Vance fund or through reinvestment of distributions. You may purchase, redeem or exchange Fund shares either through your financial intermediary or directly from the Fund either by writing to Eaton Vance Funds, P.O. Box 9653, Providence, RI 02940-9653, or by calling 1-800-262-1122. The minimum initial purchase or exchange into a Fund is $1,000 for each Class (with the exception of Class I) and $250,000 for Class I (waived in certain circumstances). There is no minimum for subsequent investments.
Each Funds distributions are expected to be exempt from regular federal income tax and the state taxes specified in the Funds objective. Distributions of any net realized gains are expected to be taxable.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase Fund shares through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank) (collectively, financial intermediaries), a Fund, its principal underwriter and its affiliates may pay the financial intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the financial intermediary and your salesperson to recommend a Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediarys website for more information.
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Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Investment Objective & Principal Policies and Risks
Each Fund is permitted to engage in the following investment practices to the extent set forth in Fund Summaries above. References to the Fund below are to each Fund, as applicable.
A statement of the investment objective and principal investment policies and risks of the Fund is set forth above in Fund Summaries. Set forth below is additional information about such policies and risks of the Fund described in Fund Summaries above. Information also is included about other types of investments and practices that the Fund may engage in from time to time.
Municipal Obligations. Municipal obligations include bonds, notes and commercial paper issued by a municipality, a group of municipalities or participants in qualified issues of municipal debt for a wide variety of both public and private purposes. General obligation bonds issued by municipalities can be adversely affected by economic downturns and the resulting decline in tax revenues, pension funding risk, other post-employment benefit risk, budget imbalances, taxing ability risk, lack of political willpower and federal funding risk, among others. Revenue bonds are payable only from the revenues derived from a particular facility or class of facilities or, in some cases, from the proceeds of a special excise tax or other specific revenue source such as payments from the user of the facility being financed and can be adversely affected by the negative economic viability of the facility or revenue source. Municipal obligations also include municipal leases and participations in municipal leases. An issuers obligation under such leases is often subject to the appropriation by a legislative body, on an annual or other basis, of funds for the payment of the obligations.
Certain municipal obligations may be purchased on a when-issued basis, which means that payment and delivery occur on a future settlement date. The price and yield of such securities are generally fixed on the date of commitment to purchase. The values of zero coupon bonds and principal only strips are subject to greater fluctuation in response to changes in market interest rates than bonds that pay interest currently. The Fund accrues income on these investments and is required to distribute that income each year. The Fund may be required to sell securities to obtain cash needed for income distributions.
The interest on municipal obligations is (in the opinion of the issuers counsel) exempt from regular federal income tax and the state taxes each Fund seeks to avoid. Interest income from certain types of municipal obligations generally will be subject to the federal alternative minimum tax (the AMT) for individuals. Distributions to corporate investors also may be subject to the AMT. Each Fund (with the exception of AMT-Free Fund) may not be suitable for investors subject to the AMT.
Credit Quality. Rating agencies are private services that provide ratings of the credit quality of certain fixed income securities. In evaluating creditworthiness, the investment adviser considers ratings assigned by rating agencies and generally performs additional credit and investment analysis. Credit ratings issued by rating agencies are based on a number of factors including, but not limited to, the issuers financial condition and the rating agencys credit analysis, if applicable, at the time of rating. The ratings assigned are not absolute standards of credit quality and do not evaluate market risks or necessarily reflect the issuers current financial condition. An issuers current financial condition may be better or worse than the current rating indicates. A credit rating may have a modifier (such as plus, minus or a numerical modifier) to denote its relative status within the rating. The presence of a modifier does not change the security credit rating ( for example, BBB- and Baa3 are within the investment grade rating) for purposes of the Funds investment limitations. If a security is rated by two rating agencies, the higher rating will be used for any Fund rating restrictions.
Duration. Duration measures the time-weighted expected cash flows of a fixed-income security, which can determine its sensitivity to changes in the general level of interest rates. Securities with longer durations tend to be more sensitive to interest rate changes than securities with shorter durations. A mutual fund with a longer dollar-weighted average duration can be expected to be more sensitive to interest rate changes than a fund with a shorter dollar-weighted average duration. Duration differs from maturity in that it considers a securitys coupon payments in addition to the amount of time until the security matures. Various techniques may be used to shorten or lengthen Fund duration. As the value of a security changes over time, so will its duration.
Derivatives. The Fund may enter into derivatives transactions with respect to any security or other instrument in which it is permitted to invest or any related security, instrument, index or economic indicator (reference instruments). Derivatives are financial instruments the value of which is derived from the underlying reference instrument. Derivatives transactions can involve substantial risk. Derivatives typically allow the Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk to which the Fund is exposed more quickly and efficiently than transactions in other types of instruments. The Fund incurs costs in connection with opening and closing derivatives positions. The Fund may engage in the derivative transactions set forth below, as well as in other derivative transactions with substantially similar characteristics and risks.
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Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Certain derivative transactions may give rise to a form of leverage. The Fund is required to segregate or earmark liquid assets or otherwise cover the Funds obligation created by a transaction that may give rise to leverage. The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements. Leverage may cause the Fund to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged, as certain types of leverage may exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Funds portfolio securities. The loss on leverage transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment.
Residual Interest Bonds. Residual interest bonds are issued by a trust (the trust) that holds municipal securities and the value of the residual interest bonds is derived from the value of such securities. The trust also issues floating rate notes to third parties that may be senior to the residual interest bonds. Residual interest bonds make interest payments to holders that bear an inverse relationship to the interest rate paid on the floating rate notes. As required by applicable accounting standards, the Fund records interest expense on its liability with respect to floating-rate notes and also records offsetting interest income in an amount equal to this expense . While residual interest bonds create leverage risk, they do not constitute borrowings for purposes of the Funds restrictions on borrowings.
Futures Contracts. The Fund may engage in transactions in futures contracts and options on futures contracts. Futures are standardized, exchange-traded contracts that obligate a purchaser to take delivery, and a seller to make delivery, of a specific amount of an asset at a specified future date at a specified price. The Fund also is authorized to purchase or sell call and put options on futures contracts. The primary risks associated with the use of futures contracts and options are imperfect correlation, liquidity, unanticipated market movement and counterparty risk.
Interest Rate Swaps. Interest rate swaps involve the exchange by the Fund with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive interest, e.g., an exchange of fixed rate payments for floating rate payments. Interest rate swaps involve counterparty risk and the risk of imperfect correlation.
Credit Default Swaps. Credit default swap agreements (CDS) enable the Fund to buy or sell credit protection on an individual issuer or basket of issuers (i.e., the reference instrument). The Fund may enter into CDS to gain or short exposure to a reference instrument. Long CDS positions are utilized to gain exposure to a reference instrument (similar to buying the instrument) and are akin to selling insurance on the instrument. Short CDS positions are utilized to short exposure to a reference instrument (similar to shorting the instrument) and are akin to buying insurance on the instrument. In response to market events, federal and certain state regulators have proposed regulation of the CDS market. These regulations may limit the Funds ability to use CDS and/or the benefits of CDS. CDS involve risks, including the risk that the counterparty may be unable to fulfill the transaction or that the Fund may be required to purchase securities or other instruments to meet delivery obligations. The Fund may have difficulty, be unable or may incur additional costs to acquire such securities or instruments.
Total Return Swaps. In a total return swap, the buyer receives a periodic return equal to the total return of a specified security, securities or index, for a specified period of time. In return, the buyer pays the counterparty a variable stream of payments, typically based upon short term interest rates, possibly plus or minus an agreed upon spread. These transactions involve risks, including counterparty risk.
Credit Linked Notes, Credit Options and Similar Investments. Credit linked notes are obligations between two or more parties where the payment of principal and/or interest is based on the performance of some obligation, basket of obligations, index or economic indicator (a reference instrument). In addition to the credit risk associated with the reference instrument and interest rate risk, the buyer and seller of a credit linked note or similar structured investment are subject to counterparty risk. Credit options are options whereby the purchaser has the right, but not the obligation, to enter into a transaction involving either an asset with inherent credit risk or a credit derivative, at terms specified at the initiation of the option. These transactions involve risks, including counterparty risk.
Forward Rate Agreements. Under forward rate agreements, the buyer locks in an interest rate at a future settlement date. If the interest rate on the settlement date exceeds the lock rate, the buyer pays the seller the difference between the two rates. If the lock rate exceeds the interest rate on the settlement date, the seller pays the buyer the difference between the two rates. These transactions involve risks, including counterparty risk.
Maturity. Many obligations permit the issuer at its option to call, or redeem, its securities. As such, the effective maturity of an obligation may be reduced as the result of call provisions. The effective maturity of an obligation is its likely redemption date after consideration of any call or redemption features.
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Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
U.S. Treasury and Government Agency Securities. U.S. Treasury securities ( “ Treasury Securities ” ) include U.S. Treasury obligations that differ in their interest rates, maturities and times of issuance. Agency Securities include obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies or instrumentalities and government-sponsored enterprises. Agency Securities may be guaranteed by the U.S. Government or they may be backed by the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury, the discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to purchase the obligations, or the credit of the agency or instrumentality. While U.S. Government agencies may be chartered or sponsored by Acts of Congress, their securities are not issued and may not be guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury. To the extent that the Fund invests in securities of government-sponsored enterprises, the Fund will be subject to the risks unique to such entities. Government-sponsored enterprises, such as the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac), the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae), the Federal Home Loan Banks (FHLBs), the Private Export Funding Corporation (PEFCO), the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), the Federal Farm Credit Banks (FFCB) and the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), although chartered or sponsored by Congress, are not funded by congressional appropriations and the debt and mortgage-backed securities issued by them are neither guaranteed nor issued by the U.S. Government. The U.S. Government has provided financial support to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac in the past, but there can be no assurance that it will support these or other government-sponsored enterprises in the future. Treasury Securities and Agency Securities also include any security or agreement collateralized or otherwise secured by Treasury Securities or Agency Securities, respectively. As a result of their high credit quality and market liquidity, U.S. Government securities generally provide a lower current return than obligations of other issuers.
Build America Bonds. Build America Bonds are taxable municipal obligations issued pursuant to the American Recovery and Reimbursement Act of 2009 (the Act) or other legislation providing for the issuance of taxable municipal debt on which the issuer receives federal support. Enacted in February 2009, the Act authorizes state and local governments to issue taxable bonds on which, assuming certain specified conditions are satisfied, issuers may either (i) receive reimbursement from the U.S. Treasury with respect to its interest payments on the bonds (direct pay Build America Bonds) or (ii) provide tax credits to investors in the bonds (tax credit Build America Bonds). Unlike most other municipal obligations, interest received on Build America Bonds is subject to federal income tax and may be subject to state income tax. Under the terms of the Act, issuers of direct pay Build America Bonds are entitled to receive reimbursement from the U.S. Treasury currently equal to 35% (or 45% in the case of Recovery Zone Economic Development Bonds) of the interest paid. Holders of tax credit Build America Bonds can receive a federal tax credit currently equal to 35% of the coupon interest received. The Fund may invest in principal only strips of tax credit Build America Bonds, which entitle the holder to receive par value of such bonds if held to maturity. The Fund does not expect to receive (or pass through to shareholders) tax credits as a result of its investments. The federal interest subsidy or tax credit continues for the life of the bonds.
Build America Bonds are an alternative form of financing to state and local governments whose primary means for accessing the capital markets has been through issuance of tax-free municipal bonds. Build America Bonds can appeal to a broader array of investors than the high income U.S. taxpayers that have traditionally provided the market for municipal bonds. Build America Bonds may provide a lower net cost of funds to issuers. Pursuant to the Act, the issuance of Build America Bonds ceased on December 31, 2010. As a result, the availability of such bonds is limited and the market for the bonds and/or their liquidity may be affected.
Borrowing. The Fund is authorized to borrow in accordance with applicable regulations, but currently intends to borrow only for temporary purposes (such as to satisfy redemption requests, to remain fully invested in anticipation of expected cash inflows and to settle transactions). The Fund will not purchase additional investment securities while outstanding borrowings exceed 5% of the value of its total assets.
Cash and Cash Equivalents. The Fund may invest in cash or cash equivalents, including high quality short-term instruments or an affiliated investment company that invests in such instruments.
Illiquid Securities. The Fund may not invest more than 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities, which may be difficult to value properly and may involve greater risks than liquid securities. Illiquid securities include those legally restricted as to resale (such as those issued in private placements), and may include securities eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A thereunder. Certain Rule 144A securities may be treated as liquid securities if the investment adviser determines that such treatment is warranted. Even if determined to be liquid, holdings of these securities may increase the level of Fund illiquidity if eligible buyers become uninterested in purchasing them.
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Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
General. Unless otherwise stated, a Fund's investment objective and certain other policies may be changed without shareholder approval. Shareholders will receive 60 days' written notice of any material change in the investment objective. During unusual market conditions, the Fund may invest up to 100 % of its assets in cash or cash equivalents temporarily, which may be inconsistent with its investment objective (s) and other policies. The Fund might not use all of the strategies and techniques or invest in all of the types of securities described in this Prospectus or the Statement of Additional Information. While at times the Fund may use alternative investment strategies in an effort to limit its losses, it may choose not to do so.
The Funds 80% Policy only may be changed with shareholder approval and, for the purpose of such policy, net assets include any assets purchased with borrowings for investment purposes.
Each Fund's investment policies include a provision allowing the Fund to invest (i) all of its investable assets in an open-end management investment company with substantially the same investment objective, policies and restrictions as the Fund; or (ii) in more than one open-end management investment company sponsored by Eaton Vance or its affiliates, provided any such companies have investment objectives, policies and restrictions that are consistent with those of the Fund. Any such company or companies would be advised by the Funds investment adviser (or an affiliate) and the Fund would not pay directly any advisory fee with respect to the assets so invested. A Fund may initiate investments in one or more such investment companies at any time without shareholder approval.
Management and Organization
Management . Each Fund ’ s investment adviser is Boston Management and Research ( “ BMR ” ), a subsidiary of Eaton Vance Management ( “ Eaton Vance ” ), with offices at Two International Place, Boston, MA 02110. Eaton Vance has been managing assets since 1924 and managing mutual funds since 1931. Eaton Vance and its affiliates currently manage over $ 195 billion on behalf of mutual funds, institutional clients and individuals.
The investment adviser manages the investments of each Fund. Under its investment advisory agreement with each Fund, BMR receives a monthly advisory fee equal to the aggregate of a daily asset based fee and a daily income based fee. The fees are applied on the basis of the following categories.
Category |
Daily Net Assets |
Annual
|
Daily
|
1 |
up to $500 million |
0.300% |
3.00% |
2 |
$500 million but less than $1 billion |
0.275% |
2.75% |
3 |
$1 billion but less than $1.5 billion |
0.250% |
2.50% |
4 |
$1.5 billion but less than $2 billion |
0.225% |
2.25% |
5 |
$2 billion but less than $3 billion |
0.200% |
2.00% |
6 |
$3 billion and over |
0.175% |
1.75% |
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012 , the effective annual rate of investment advisory fees paid to BMR based on average daily net assets are stated below.
Fund |
Net Assets on
|
Investment
|
AMT-Free Limited Fund |
$ 65,844,128 |
0.43% |
Massachusetts Limited Fund |
$ 62,232,309 |
0.42% |
National Limited Fund |
$ 725,309,139 |
0.42% |
New York Limited Fund |
$ 88,472,676 |
0.42% |
Pennsylvania Limited Fund |
$ 57,617,909 |
0.43% |
Each Funds semiannual report provides information regarding the basis for the Trustees approval of each Funds investment advisory agreement.
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Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
William H. Ahern, Jr. is the portfolio manager of the Massachusetts Limited Fund (since 1997), the National Limited Fund (since 1997) and the New York Fund (since 1997). Craig R. Brandon is the portfolio manager of the AMT-Free Limited Fund (since 2004). Adam A. Weigold is the portfolio manager of the Pennsylvania Limited Fund (since 2007). Each portfolio manager is a Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR and also manages other Eaton Vance portfolios, and Mr. Ahern and Mr. Brandon have managed Eaton Vance portfolios for more than five years. Mr. Weigold was appointed portfolio manager of the Pennsylvania Fund in 2007, and has been a municipal credit analyst at Eaton Vance for more than five years.
The Statement of Additional Information provides additional information about each portfolio managers compensation, other accounts managed by each portfolio manager, and each portfolio managers ownership of Fund shares.
Eaton Vance serves as the administrator of each Fund, providing each Fund with administrative services and related office facilities. Eaton Vance does not currently receive a fee for serving as administrator.
Eaton Vance also serves as the sub-transfer agent for each Fund. For the sub-transfer agency services it provides, Eaton Vance receives an aggregate fee based upon the actual expenses it incurs for its sub-transfer agency services. This fee is paid to Eaton Vance by a Funds transfer agent from the fees the transfer agent receives from the Eaton Vance funds.
Organization . Each Fund is a series of Eaton Vance Investment Trust, a Massachusetts business trust. Each Fund offers multiple classes of shares. Each Class represents a pro rata interest in a Fund but is subject to different expenses and rights. The Funds do not hold annual shareholder meetings but may hold special meetings for matters that require shareholder approval (such as electing or removing trustees, approving management or advisory contracts or changing investment policies that may only be changed with shareholder approval).
Because the Funds use this combined Prospectus, a Fund could be held liable for a misstatement or omission made about another Fund.
Valuing Shares
Each Fund values its shares once each day only when the New York Stock Exchange (the Exchange) is open for trading (typically Monday through Friday), as of the close of regular trading on the Exchange (normally 4:00 p.m. eastern time). The purchase price of Fund shares is their net asset value (plus a sales charge for Class A shares), which is derived from the value of Fund holdings. When purchasing or redeeming Fund shares through a financial intermediary, your financial intermediary must receive your order by the close of regular trading on the Exchange in order for the purchase price or the redemption price to be based on that days net asset value per share. It is the financial intermediarys responsibility to transmit orders promptly. Each Fund may accept purchase and redemption orders as of the time of their receipt by certain financial intermediaries (or their designated intermediaries).
The Trustees have adopted procedures for valuing investments and have delegated to the investment adviser the daily valuation of such investments. Municipal obligations owned by the Funds are normally valued on the basis of valuations furnished by a pricing service, which may use matrix pricing and valuation models to derive values. The pricing service considers various factors relating to bonds and market transactions to determine value. It is possible that the value realized on the sale of a security may be different from the value previously determined for a particular security. Financial futures contracts are valued at the closing settlement price established by the board of trade or exchange on which they are traded. In certain situations, the investment adviser may use the fair value of a security if market prices are unavailable or deemed unreliable. A security that is fair valued may be valued at a price higher or lower than actual market quotations or the value determined by other funds using their own fair valuation procedures. The investment adviser expects to use fair value pricing for municipal obligations under limited circumstances, such as when an obligation is not priced by the pricing service or is in default. Eaton Vance has established a Valuation Committee that oversees the valuation of investments.
Purchasing Shares
You may purchase shares through your financial intermediary or by mailing an account application form to the transfer agent (see back cover for address). Purchase orders will be executed at the net asset value (plus any applicable sales charge) next determined after their receipt in proper form (meaning that they are complete and contain all necessary information) by a Funds transfer agent. A Funds transfer agent or your financial intermediary must receive your purchase in proper form no later than the close of regular trading on the Exchange (normally 4:00 p.m. eastern time) for your purchase to be effected at that days net asset value. If you purchase shares through a financial intermediary, that intermediary may charge you a fee for executing the purchase for you. Each Fund may suspend the sale of its shares at any time and any purchase order may be refused for any reason. The Funds do not issue share certificates.
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Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Class A, Class B and Class C Shares
Your initial investment must be at least $1,000. After your initial investment, additional investments may be made in any amount at any time by sending a check payable to the order of the Fund or the transfer agent directly to the transfer agent (see back cover for address). Please include your name and account number and the name of the Fund and Class of shares with each investment. You also may make additional investments by accessing your account via the Eaton Vance website at www.eatonvance.com. Purchases made through the Internet from a pre-designated bank account will have a trade date that is the first business day after the purchase is requested. For more information about purchasing shares through the Internet, please call 1-800-262-1122.
You may make automatic investments of $50 or more each month or each quarter from your bank account. You can establish bank automated investing on the account application or by providing written instructions. Please call 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. (eastern time) for further information. The minimum initial investment amount and Fund policy of redeeming accounts with low account balances are waived for bank automated investing accounts (other than for Class I), certain group purchase plans (including proprietary fee-based programs sponsored by financial intermediaries) and for persons affiliated with Eaton Vance, its affiliates and certain Fund service providers (as described in the Statement of Additional Information).
Class I Shares
Class I shares are offered to clients of financial intermediaries who (i) charge such clients an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services, or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class I shares through a no-load network or platform. Such clients may include individuals, corporations, endowments, foundations and qualified plans (including tax-deferred retirement plans and profit sharing plans). Class I shares also are offered to investment and institutional clients of Eaton Vance and its affiliates and certain persons affiliated with Eaton Vance and certain Fund service providers. Your initial investment must be at least $250,000. Subsequent investments of any amount may be made at any time, including through automatic investment each month or quarter from your bank account. You may make automatic investments of $50 or more each month or each quarter from your bank account. You can establish bank automated investing on the account application or by providing written instructions. Please call 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. (eastern time) for further information.
The minimum initial investment is waived for persons affiliated with Eaton Vance, its affiliates and certain Fund service providers (as described in the Statement of Additional Information). The initial minimum investment also is waived for individual accounts of a financial intermediary that charges an ongoing fee for its services or offers Class I shares through a no-load network or platform (in each case, as described above), provided the aggregate value of such accounts invested in Class I shares is at least $250,000 (or is anticipated by the principal underwriter to reach $250,000) and for corporations, endowments, foundations and qualified plans with assets of at least $100 million.
Class I shares may be purchased through a financial intermediary or by requesting your bank to transmit immediately available funds (Federal Funds) by wire. To make an initial investment by wire, you must complete an account application and telephone Eaton Vance Shareholder Services at 1-800-262-1122 to be assigned an account number. You may request an account application by calling 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. (eastern time). Shareholder Services must be advised by telephone of each additional investment by wire.
Restrictions on Excessive Trading and Market Timing. The Funds are not intended for excessive trading or market timing. Market timers seek to profit by rapidly switching money into a fund when they expect the share price of the fund to rise and taking money out of the fund when they expect those prices to fall. By realizing profits through short-term trading, shareholders that engage in rapid purchases and sales or exchanges of a funds shares may dilute the value of shares held by long-term shareholders. Volatility resulting from excessive purchases and sales or exchanges of fund shares, especially involving large dollar amounts, may disrupt efficient portfolio management. In particular, excessive purchases and sales or exchanges of a funds shares may cause a fund to have difficulty implementing its investment strategies, may force the fund to sell portfolio securities at inopportune times to raise cash or may cause increased expenses (such as increased brokerage costs, realization of taxable capital gains without attaining any investment advantage or increased administrative costs).
A fund that invests in securities that are, among other things, thinly traded, traded infrequently or relatively illiquid (including certain municipal obligations) is susceptible to the risk that the current market price for such securities may not accurately reflect current market values. A shareholder may seek to engage in short-term trading to take advantage of these pricing differences (commonly referred to as price arbitrage). The investment adviser is authorized to use the fair value of a security if prices are unavailable or are deemed unreliable (see Valuing Shares). The use of fair value pricing and the restrictions on excessive trading and market timing described below are intended to reduce a shareholders ability to engage in price arbitrage to the detriment of the Funds.
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Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
The Boards of Trustees of the Eaton Vance funds have adopted policies to discourage short-term trading and market timing and to seek to minimize their potentially detrimental effects. Pursuant to these policies, if an investor (through one or more accounts) makes more than one round-trip (being a purchase, including an exchange purchase, followed or preceded by a redemption, including an exchange redemption, followed or preceded by a purchase, including an exchange purchase) within 90 days, it generally will be deemed to constitute market timing or excessive trading. Under the policies, each Fund or its principal underwriter will reject or cancel a purchase order, suspend or terminate the exchange privilege or terminate the ability of an investor to invest in the Eaton Vance funds if the Fund or the principal underwriter determines that a proposed transaction involves market timing or excessive trading that it believes is likely to be detrimental to the Fund. Each Fund and its principal underwriter use reasonable efforts to detect market timing and excessive trading activity, but they cannot ensure that they will be able to identify all cases of market timing and excessive trading. Each Fund or its principal underwriter may also reject or cancel any purchase order (including an exchange) from an investor or group of investors for any other reason. Decisions to reject or cancel purchase orders (including exchanges) in a Fund are inherently subjective and will be made in a manner believed to be in the best interest of a Funds shareholders. No Eaton Vance fund has any arrangement to permit market timing.
The following fund share transactions generally are exempt from the market timing and excessive trading policy described above because each Fund and the principal underwriter believe they generally do not raise market timing or excessive trading concerns:
·
transactions made pursuant to a systematic purchase plan or as the result of automatic reinvestment of dividends or distributions, or initiated by a Fund (e.g., for failure to meet applicable account minimums);
·
transactions made by participants in employer sponsored retirement plans involving participant payroll or employer contributions or loan repayments, redemptions as part of plan terminations or at the direction of the plan, mandatory retirement distributions, or rollovers;
·
transactions made by model-based discretionary advisory accounts;
·
transactions made by an Eaton Vance fund that is structured as a fund-of-funds, provided the transactions are in response to fund inflows and outflows or are part of a reallocation of fund assets in accordance with its investment policies; or
·
transactions in shares of Eaton Vance U.S. Government Money Market Fund.
It may be difficult for a Fund or the principal underwriter to identify market timing or excessive trading in omnibus accounts traded through financial intermediaries. The Funds and the principal underwriter have provided guidance to financial intermediaries (such as banks, broker-dealers, insurance companies and retirement administrators) concerning the application of the Eaton Vance funds market timing and excessive trading policies to Fund shares held in omnibus accounts maintained and administered by such intermediaries, including guidance concerning situations where market timing or excessive trading is considered to be detrimental to a Fund. Each Fund or its principal underwriter may rely on a financial intermediarys policy to restrict market timing and excessive trading if it believes that policy is likely to prevent market timing that is likely to be detrimental to the Fund. Such policy may be more or less restrictive than a Funds policy. Although each Fund or the principal underwriter reviews trading activity at the omnibus account level for activity that indicates potential market timing or excessive trading activity, the Funds and the principal underwriter typically will not request or receive individual account data unless suspicious trading activity is identified. Each Fund and the principal underwriter generally rely on financial intermediaries to monitor trading activity in omnibus accounts in good faith in accordance with their own or Fund policies. Each Fund and the principal underwriter cannot ensure that these financial intermediaries will in all cases apply the policies of the Fund or their own policies, as the case may be, to accounts under their control.
Choosing a Share Class . Each Fund offers different classes of shares. The different classes of shares represent investments in the same portfolio of securities, but the classes are subject to different sales charges and expenses and will likely have different share prices due to differences in class expenses. In choosing the class of shares that suits your investment needs, you should consider:
·
how long you expect to own your shares;
·
how much you intend to invest;
·
the sales charge and total operating expenses associated with owning each class; and
·
whether you qualify for a reduction or waiver of any applicable sales charges (see Reducing or Eliminating Class A Sales Charges under Sales Charges below).
Each investors considerations are different. You should speak with your financial intermediary to help you decide which class of shares is best for you. Set forth below is a brief description of each class of shares offered by the Funds.
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Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Class A shares are offered at net asset value plus a front-end sales charge of up to 2.25%. This charge is deducted from the amount you invest. The Class A sales charge is reduced for purchases of $100,000 or more. The sales charge applicable to your purchase may be reduced under the right of accumulation or a statement of intention, which are described in Reducing or Eliminating Class A Sales Charges under Sales Charges below. Some investors may be eligible to purchase Class A shares at net asset value under certain circumstances, which are also described below. Class A shares pay distribution and service fees equal to 0.15% annually of average daily net assets.
Class B shares are offered at net asset value with no front-end sales charge , but are only available for purchase upon exchange from another Eaton Vance fund or through reinvestment of distributions. If you sell your Class B shares within four years of purchase, you generally will be subject to a contingent deferred sales charge or CDSC. The amount of the CDSC applicable to a redemption of Class B shares decreases over four years, as described in the CDSC schedule in Contingent Deferred Sales Charge under Sales Charges below. The CDSC is deducted from your redemption proceeds. Under certain circumstances, the Class B CDSC may be waived (such as in the case of the death of the shareholder). See CDSC Waivers under Sales Charges below. Class B shares pay distribution and service fees equal to 0.90% annually of average daily net assets. Class B shares automatically convert to Class A shares after the longer of four years or the time when the CDSC applicable to the Class B shares expires. Orders for Class B shares of one or more Eaton Vance funds will be refused when the total value of the purchase (including the aggregate value of all Eaton Vance fund shares held within the purchasing shareholders account) is $100,000 or more. Investors considering cumulative purchases of $100,000 or more, or who, after a purchase of shares, would own shares of Eaton Vance funds with a current market value of $100,000 or more, should consider whether Class A shares would be more advantageous and consult their financial intermediary.
Class C shares are offered at net asset value with no front-end sales charge. If you sell your Class C shares within one year of purchase, you generally will be subject to a CDSC. The CDSC is deducted from your redemption proceeds. Under certain circumstances, the Class C CDSC may be waived (such as certain redemptions from tax-deferred retirement plan accounts). See CDSC Waivers under Sales Charges below. Class C shares pay distribution and service fees equal to 0.90% annually of average daily net assets. Orders for Class C shares of one or more Eaton Vance funds will be refused when the total value of the purchase (including the aggregate value of all Eaton Vance fund shares held within the purchasing shareholders account) is $1,000,000 or more. Investors considering cumulative purchases of $1,000,000 or more, or who, after a purchase of shares, would own shares of Eaton Vance funds with a current market value of $1,000,000 or more, should consider whether Class A shares would be more advantageous and consult their financial intermediary.
Class I shares are offered to clients of financial intermediaries who (i) charge such clients an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services, or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class I shares through a no-load network or platform. Such clients may include individuals, corporations, endowments, foundations and qualified plans (as described above). Class I shares are also offered to investment and institutional clients of Eaton Vance and its affiliates and certain persons affiliated with Eaton Vance and certain Fund service providers. Class I shares do not pay distribution or service fees.
Payments to Financial Intermediaries . In addition to payments disclosed under “ Sales Charges ” below, the principal underwriter, out of its own resources, may make cash payments to certain financial intermediaries who provide marketing support, transaction processing and/or administrative services and, in some cases, include some or all Eaton Vance funds in preferred or specialized selling programs. Payments made by the principal underwriter to a financial intermediary may be significant and are typically in the form of fees based on Fund sales, assets, transactions processed and/or accounts attributable to that financial intermediary. Financial intermediaries also may receive amounts from the principal underwriter in connection with educational or due diligence meetings that include information concerning Eaton Vance funds. The principal underwriter may pay or allow other promotional incentives or payments to financial intermediaries to the extent permitted by applicable laws and regulations.
Certain financial intermediaries that maintain fund accounts for the benefit of their customers provide sub-accounting, recordkeeping and/or administrative services to the Eaton Vance funds and are compensated for such services by the funds. As used in this Prospectus, the term financial intermediary includes any broker, dealer, bank (including bank trust departments), registered investment adviser, financial planner, a retirement plan and/or its administrator, their designated intermediaries and any other firm having a selling, administration or similar agreement with the principal underwriter or its affiliates.
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Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Sales Charges
Class A Front-End Sales Charge. Class A shares are offered at net asset value per share plus a sales charge that is determined by the amount of your investment. The current sales charge schedule is:
Amount of Purchase |
Sales Charge
*
|
Sales Charge
*
|
Dealer Commission
|
Less than $100,000 |
2.25% |
2.30% |
2.00% |
$100,000 but less than $250,000 |
1.75% |
1.78% |
1.50% |
$250,000 but less than $500,000 |
1.50% |
1.52% |
1.25% |
$500,000 but less than $1,000,000 |
1.00% |
1.01% |
0.85% |
$1,000,000 or more |
0.00** |
0.00** |
0.75% |
*
Because the offering price per share is rounded to two decimal places, the actual sales charge you pay on a purchase of Class A shares may be more or less than your total purchase amount multiplied by the applicable sales charge percentage.
**
No sales charge is payable at the time of purchase on investments of $1 million or more. A CDSC of 1.00% will be imposed on such investments (as described below) in the event of redemptions within 18 months of purchase.
Reducing or Eliminating Class A Sales Charges. Front-end sales charges on purchases of Class A shares may be reduced under the right of accumulation or under a statement of intention. To receive a reduced sales charge, you must inform your financial intermediary or a Fund at the time you purchase shares that you qualify for such a reduction. If you do not let your financial intermediary or the Fund know you are eligible for a reduced sales charge at the time of purchase, you will not receive the discount to which you may otherwise be entitled.
Right of Accumulation. Under the right of accumulation, the sales charge you pay is reduced if the current market value of your holdings in a Fund or any other Eaton Vance fund (based on the current maximum public offering price) plus your new purchase total $100,000 or more. Class A shares of Eaton Vance U.S. Government Money Market Fund cannot be included under the right of accumulation. Shares owned by you, your spouse and children under age twenty-one may be combined for purposes of the right of accumulation, including shares held for the benefit of any of you in omnibus or street name accounts. In addition, shares held in a trust or fiduciary account of which any of the foregoing persons is the sole beneficiary (including retirement accounts) may be combined for purposes of the right of accumulation. Shares purchased and/or owned in a SEP, SARSEP and SIMPLE IRA plan also may be combined for purposes of the right of accumulation for the plan and its participants. You may be required to provide documentation to establish your ownership of shares included under the right of accumulation (such as account statements for you, your spouse and children or marriage certificates, birth certificates and/or trust or other fiduciary-related documents).
Statement of Intention. Under a statement of intention, purchases of $100,000 or more made over a 13-month period are eligible for reduced sales charges. Shares eligible under the right of accumulation (other than those included in employer-sponsored retirement plans) may be included to satisfy the amount to be purchased under a statement of intention. Under a statement of intention, the principal underwriter may hold 5% of the dollar amount to be purchased in escrow in the form of shares registered in your name until you satisfy the statement or the 13-month period expires. A statement of intention does not obligate you to purchase (or a Fund to sell) the full amount indicated in the statement.
Class A shares are offered at net asset value (without a sales charge ) to tax-deferred retirement plans and deferred compensation plans, and to clients of financial intermediaries who (i) charge an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services, or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class A shares through a no-load network, platform , or self-directed brokerage accounts that may or may not charge transaction fees to customers. Such clients may include individuals, corporations, endowments and foundations. Class A shares also are offered at net asset value to investment and institutional clients of Eaton Vance and its affiliates; certain persons affiliated with Eaton Vance; and to certain fund service providers as described in the Statement of Additional Information. Class A shares may also be purchased at net asset value pursuant to the reinvestment privilege and exchange privilege and when distributions are reinvested. See “ Shareholder Account Features ” for details.
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Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Contingent Deferred Sales Charge . Class A, Class B and Class C shares are subject to a CDSC on certain redemptions. Class A shares purchased at net asset value in amounts of $1 million or more are subject to a 1.00% CDSC if redeemed within 18 months of purchase. Class C shares are subject to a 1.00% CDSC if redeemed within one year of purchase. Class B shares are subject to the following CDSC schedule:
Year of Redemption After Purchase |
CDSC |
First |
3.0% |
Second |
2.5% |
Third |
2.0% |
Fourth |
1.0% |
Fifth or following |
0% |
CDSCs are based on the lower of the net asset value at the time of purchase or at the time of redemption. Shares acquired through the reinvestment of distributions are exempt from the CDSC. Redemptions are made first from shares that are not subject to a CDSC.
The sales commission payable to investment dealers in connection with sales of Class B and Class C shares is described under Distribution and Service Fees below.
CDSC Waivers. CDSCs are waived for certain redemptions pursuant to a Withdrawal Plan (see Shareholder Account Features). The CDSC is also waived following the death of a beneficial owner of shares (a death certificate and other applicable documents may be required).
Conversion Feature. After the longer of four years or the time when the CDSC applicable to your Class B shares expires, Class B shares automatically convert to Class A shares. Class B shares acquired through the reinvestment of distributions convert in proportion to shares not so acquired.
Distribution and Service Fees . Class A, Class B and Class C shares have in effect plans under Rule 12b-1 that allow the Fund to pay distribution fees for the sale and distribution of shares (so-called “ 12b-1 fees ” ) and service fees for personal and/or shareholder account services. Class B and Class C shares pay distribution fees to the principal underwriter of 0.75% of average daily net assets annually. Because these fees are paid from Fund assets on an ongoing basis, they will increase your cost over time and may cost you more than paying other types of sales charges. The principal underwriter compensates financial intermediaries on sales of Class B and Class C shares (except exchange transactions and reinvestments) in an amount equal to 3% and 1%, respectively, of the purchase price of the shares. After the first year, financial intermediaries also receive 0.75% of the value of Class C shares in annual distribution fees. Class B and Class C shares also pay service fees to the principal underwriter equal to 0.15% of average daily net assets annually. Class A shares pay distribution and service fees equal to 0.15% of average daily net assets annually. After the sale of shares, the principal underwriter receives the Class A distribution and service fees and the Class B and Class C service fees for one year and thereafter financial intermediaries generally receive 0.15% annually of average daily net assets based on the value of shares sold by such dealers for shareholder servicing performed by such financial intermediaries. Although there is no present intention to do so, Class A, Class B and Class C could pay service fees of up to 0.25% annually upon Trustee approval. Distribution and service fees are subject to the limitations contained in the sales charge rule of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority.
More information about sales charges is available free of charge on the Eaton Vance website at www.eatonvance.com and in the Statement of Additional Information. Please consult the Eaton Vance website for any updates to sales charge information before making a purchase of Fund shares.
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Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
You can redeem shares in any of the following ways:
By Mail |
Send your request to the transfer agent along with any certificates and stock powers. The request must be signed exactly as your account is registered (for instance, a joint account must be signed by all registered owners to be accepted) and a Medallion signature guarantee may be required. You can obtain a Medallion signature guarantee at banks, savings and loan institutions, credit unions, securities dealers, securities exchanges, clearing agencies and registered securities associations that participate in The Securities Transfer Agents Medallion Program, Inc. (STAMP, Inc.). Only Medallion signature guarantees issued in accordance with STAMP, Inc. will be accepted. You may be asked to provide additional documents if your shares are registered in the name of a corporation, partnership or fiduciary. |
By Telephone |
Certain shareholders can redeem by calling 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. (eastern time). Proceeds of a telephone redemption are generally limited to $100,000 per account (which may include shares of one or more Eaton Vance funds) and can be sent only to the account address or to a bank pursuant to prior instructions. |
By Internet |
Certain shareholders can redeem by logging on to the Eaton Vance website at www.eatonvance.com. Proceeds of internet redemptions are generally limited to $100,000 per account (which may include shares of one or more Eaton Vance funds) and can be sent only to the account address or to a bank pursuant to prior instructions. |
For Additional Information |
Please call 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. (eastern time). |
Through a Financial Intermediary |
Your financial intermediary is responsible for transmitting the order promptly. A financial intermediary may charge a fee for this service. |
If you redeem shares, your redemption price will be based on the net asset value per share next computed after the redemption request is received in proper form (meaning that it is complete and contains all necessary information) by a Funds transfer agent or your financial intermediary. Your redemption proceeds normally will be paid in cash within seven days, reduced by the amount of any applicable CDSC and any federal income and state tax required to be withheld. Payments will be sent by regular mail. However, if you have given complete written authorization in advance, you may request that the redemption proceeds be wired directly to your bank account. The bank designated may be any bank in the United States. The request may be made by calling 1-800-262-1122 or by sending a Medallion signature guaranteed letter of instruction to the transfer agent (see back cover for address). Certain redemption requests including those involving shares held by certain corporations, trusts or certain other entities and shares that are subject to certain fiduciary arrangements may require additional documentation and may be redeemed only by mail. You may be required to pay the costs of such transaction by a Fund or your bank. No costs are currently charged by a Fund. However, charges may apply for expedited mail delivery services. Each Fund may suspend or terminate the expedited payment procedure upon at least 30 days notice.
If you recently purchased shares, the proceeds of a redemption will not be sent until the purchase check (including a certified or cashiers check) has cleared. If the purchase check has not cleared, redemption proceeds may be delayed up to 15 days from the purchase date. If your account value falls below $750 (other than due to market decline), you may be asked either to add to your account or redeem it within 60 days. If you take no action, your account will be redeemed and the proceeds sent to you.
While redemption proceeds are normally paid in cash, redemptions may be paid by distributing marketable securities. If you receive securities, you could incur brokerage or other charges in converting the securities to cash.
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Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Shareholder Account Features
Distributions. You may have your Fund distributions paid in one of the following ways:
· Full Reinvest Option |
Distributions are reinvested in additional shares. This option will be assigned if you do not specify an option. |
· Partial Reinvest Option |
Dividends are paid in cash and capital gains are reinvested in additional shares. |
· Cash Option |
Distributions are paid in cash. |
· Exchange Option |
Distributions are reinvested in additional shares of any class of another Eaton Vance fund chosen by you, subject to the terms of that fund ’ s prospectus. Before selecting this option, you must obtain a prospectus of the other fund and consider its objectives, risks, and charges and expenses carefully. |
Information about the Funds. From time to time, you may receive the following:
·
Semiannual and annual reports containing a list of portfolio holdings as of the end of the second and fourth fiscal quarters, respectively, performance information and financial statements.
·
Periodic account statements, showing recent activity and total share balance.
·
Tax information needed to prepare your income tax returns.
·
Proxy materials, in the event a shareholder vote is required.
·
Special notices about significant events affecting your Fund.
Most fund information (including semiannual and annual reports, prospectuses and proxy statements) as well as your periodic account statements can be delivered electronically. For more information please go to www.eatonvance.com/edelivery.
The Eaton Vance funds have established policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of portfolio holdings and other information concerning Fund characteristics. A description of these policies and procedures is provided below and additionally in the Statement of Additional Information. Such policies and procedures regarding disclosure of portfolio holdings are designed to prevent the misuse of material, non-public information about the funds.
Each Fund will file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) a list of its portfolio holdings as of the end of the first and third fiscal quarters on Form N-Q. Each Funds annual and semiannual reports (as filed on Form N-CSR) and each Form N-Q may be viewed on the SECs website (www.sec.gov). The most recent fiscal quarter-end holdings may also be viewed on the Eaton Vance website (www.eatonvance.com). Portfolio holdings information that is filed with the SEC is posted on the Eaton Vance website approximately 60 days after the end of the quarter to which it relates. Portfolio holdings information as of each month end is posted to the website approximately one month after such month end. Each Fund also posts information about certain portfolio characteristics (such as top ten holdings and asset allocation) at least quarterly on the Eaton Vance website approximately ten business days after the period and each Fund may also post performance attribution as of a month end or more frequently if deemed appropriate.
Withdrawal Plan. You may redeem shares on a regular periodic basis by establishing a systematic withdrawal plan. Withdrawals will not be subject to any applicable CDSC if they are, in the aggregate, less than or equal to 12% annually of the greater of either the initial account balance or the current account balance. Because purchases of Class A shares are generally subject to an initial sales charge, Class A shareholders should not make withdrawals from their accounts while also making purchases.
Exchange Privilege. You may exchange your Fund shares for shares of the same Class of another Eaton Vance fund. Exchanges are made at net asset value. If your shares are subject to a CDSC, the CDSC will continue to apply to your new shares at the same CDSC rate. For purposes of the CDSC, your shares will continue to age from the date of your original purchase of Fund shares. Any class of shares of a fund may be exchanged for any other class of shares of that fund , provided that the shares being exchanged are no longer subject to a CDSC and the conditions for investing in the other class of shares described in the applicable prospectus are satisfied.
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Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Before exchanging, you should read the prospectus of the new fund carefully. Exchanges are subject to the terms applicable to purchases of the new funds shares as set forth in its prospectus. If you wish to exchange shares, write to the transfer agent (see back cover for address), log on to your account at www.eatonvance.com or call 1-800-262-1122. Periodic automatic exchanges are also available. The exchange privilege may be changed or discontinued at any time. You will receive at least 60 days notice of any material change to the privilege. This privilege may not be used for market timing and may be terminated for market timing accounts or for any other reason. For additional information, see Restrictions on Excessive Trading and Market Timing under Purchasing Shares . Ordinarily exchanges between different funds are taxable transactions for federal tax purposes, while permitted exchanges of one class for shares of another class of the same fund are not. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors regarding the applicability of federal, state, local and other taxes to transactions in Fund shares.
Reinvestment Privilege. If you redeem shares, you may reinvest at net asset value all or any portion of the redemption proceeds in the same class of shares of the Fund you redeemed from, provided that the reinvestment occurs within 60 days of the redemption, and the privilege has not been used more than once in the prior 12 months. Under these circumstances your account will be credited with any CDSC paid in connection with the redemption. Any CDSC period applicable to the shares you acquire upon reinvestment will run from the date of your original share purchase. Reinvestment requests must be in writing. At the time of a reinvestment, you or your financial intermediary must notify the Fund or the transfer agent that you are reinvesting redemption proceeds in accordance with this privilege. If you reinvest, your purchase will be at the next determined net asset value following receipt of your request.
Telephone and Electronic Transactions. You can redeem or exchange shares by telephone as described in this Prospectus. In addition, certain transactions may be conducted through the Eaton Vance website. The transfer agent and the principal underwriter have procedures in place to authenticate telephone and electronic instructions (such as using security codes or verifying personal account information). As long as the transfer agent and principal underwriter follow reasonable procedures, they will not be responsible for unauthorized telephone or electronic transactions and you bear the risk of possible loss resulting from these transactions. You may decline the telephone redemption option on the account application. Telephone instructions are recorded.
Street Name Accounts. If your shares are held in a street name account at a financial intermediary, that intermediary (and not the Fund or its transfer agent) will perform all recordkeeping, transaction processing and distribution payments. Because the Fund will have no record of your transactions, you should contact your financial intermediary to purchase, redeem or exchange shares, to make changes in your account, or to obtain account information. You will not be able to utilize a number of shareholder features, such as telephone or internet transactions, directly with a Fund. If you transfer shares in a street name account to an account with another financial intermediary or to an account directly with a Fund, you should obtain historical information about your shares prior to the transfer.
Procedures for Opening New Accounts. To help the government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, federal law requires financial institutions to obtain, verify and record information that identifies each new customer who opens a Fund account and to determine whether such persons name appears on government lists of known or suspected terrorists or terrorist organizations. When you open an account, the transfer agent or your financial intermediary will ask you for your name, address, date of birth (for individuals), residential or business street address (although post office boxes are still permitted for mailing) and social security number, taxpayer identification number, or other government-issued identifying number. You also may be asked to produce a copy of your drivers license, passport or other identifying documents in order to verify your identity. In addition, it may be necessary to verify your identity by cross-referencing your identification information with a consumer report or other electronic databases. Other information or documents may be required to open accounts for corporations and other entities. Federal law prohibits a Fund and other financial institutions from opening a new account unless they receive the minimum identifying information described above. If a person fails to provide the information requested, any application by that person to open a new account will be rejected. Moreover, if the transfer agent or the financial intermediary is unable to verify the identity of a person based on information provided by that person, it may take additional steps including, but not limited to, requesting additional information or documents from the person, closing the persons account or reporting the matter to the appropriate federal authorities. If your account is closed for this reason, your shares may be automatically redeemed at the net asset value next determined. If a Funds net asset value has decreased since your purchase, you will lose money as a result of this redemption. Each Fund has also designated an anti-money laundering compliance officer.
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Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Account Questions. If you have any questions about your account or the services available, please call Eaton Vance Shareholder Services at 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. (eastern time), or write to the transfer agent (see back cover for address).
Additional Tax Information
Each Fund declares dividends daily and ordinarily pays distributions monthly. Different Classes of a Fund may distribute different dividend amounts. Your account will be credited with dividends beginning on the business day after the day when the funds used to purchase your Fund shares are collected by the transfer agent. For tax purposes, the entire monthly distribution of the Funds daily dividends ordinarily will constitute tax-exempt income to you. Distributions of net realized gains, if any, will be made at least annually (usually in December). The exemption of exempt-interest dividend income from regular federal income taxation does not necessarily result in similar exemptions of such income under the state or local tax laws.
Any recognized gain or income attributable to market discount on long-term tax-exempt municipal obligations (i.e., obligations with a term of more than one year) (except to the extent of a portion of the discount attributable to original issue discount), is taxable as ordinary income. A long-term debt obligation is generally treated as acquired at a market discount if purchased after its original issue at a price less than (i) the stated principal amount payable at maturity, in the case of an obligation that does not have original issue discount or (ii) in the case of an obligation that does have original issue discount, the sum of the issue price and any original issue discount that accrued before the obligation was purchased, subject to a de minimis exclusion.
A Fund may invest a portion of its assets in securities that generate income that is not exempt from federal income tax. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long the Fund owned the investments that generated them, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her shares in the Fund. Distributions of any taxable income and net short-term capital gains will be taxable as ordinary income. Distributions of any long-term capital gains are taxable as long-term capital gains. Distributions of interest on certain municipal obligations are a tax preference item under the AMT provisions applicable to individuals and corporations, and all tax-exempt distributions may affect a corporations AMT liability. Each Funds distributions will be treated as described above for federal income tax purposes whether they are paid in cash or reinvested in additional shares. A redemption of Fund shares, including an exchange for shares of another fund, is a taxable transaction.
Shareholders, particularly corporations, recipients of social security or railroad retirement benefits and those subject to the AMT, should consult with their advisers concerning the applicability of federal, state, local and other taxes to an investment. Additional information about state taxes is provided below.
Massachusetts. The Massachusetts Funds interest distributions attributable to Massachusetts obligations (debt obligations issued by The Commonwealth of Massachusetts or its political subdivisions, including agencies or instrumentalities thereof), Possessions obligations (debt obligations issued by the Governments of Puerto Rico, Guam, or the United States Virgin Islands) or United States obligations can be excluded from Massachusetts gross income for Massachusetts personal income tax purposes. Distributions properly designated as capital gain dividends and attributable to gains realized on the sale of certain Massachusetts tax-exempt obligations issued pursuant to statutes that specifically exempt such gains from Massachusetts taxation will also be exempt from Massachusetts personal income tax. Other distributions from the Massachusetts Fund that are included in a shareholders federal gross income, including distributions of net long-term capital gains not described in the preceding sentence and net short-term capital gains, are generally not exempt from Massachusetts personal income tax.
Distributions from the Massachusetts Fund and the value of the shares of the Massachusetts Fund may be subject to the Massachusetts excise tax on corporations.
New York. Under New York law, dividends paid by the New York Fund are exempt from New York State and New York City personal income tax applicable to individuals who reside in New York State and/or City to the extent such dividends are excluded from gross income for federal income tax purposes and are derived from interest payments on tax-exempt obligations issued by or on behalf of New York State and its political subdivisions and agencies, or the governments of Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam. Other distributions from the New York Fund, including distributions derived from taxable ordinary income and net short-term and long-term capital gains, are generally not exempt from New York State or City personal income tax.
Pennsylvania. Provided that the Pennsylvania Fund qualifies as a regulated investment company under the Code and is registered under the 1940 Act, distributions made out of earnings and profits of the Pennsylvania Fund derived from interest on obligations which are statutorily free from state taxation in Pennsylvania (Exempt Obligations) will not be taxable on pass through to shareholders for purposes of the Pennsylvania personal income tax. The term Exempt Obligations includes (i) those obligations issued by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and its political subdivisions, agencies and instrumentalities, the interest from which is statutorily free from state taxation in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and (ii) certain U.S. government obligations and certain qualifying obligations of U.S. territories and possessions. Distributions attributable to most other sources, including capital gains, will not be exempt from Pennsylvania personal income tax.
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Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Corporate shareholders that are subject to the Pennsylvania corporate net income tax will not be subject to corporate net income tax on distributions made by the Pennsylvania Fund, provided such distributions are derived from interest on Exempt Obligations. For Pennsylvania corporate net income tax purposes, however, the exemption of any such distribution that was included in U.S. federal taxable income shall be reduced by any interest on indebtedness incurred to carry the shares, any expenses incurred in the production of such income, and any other expenses deducted on the U.S. federal income tax return that would not have been allowed if the distribution were exempt from U.S. federal income tax. To support any claim for exemption, the corporate taxpayer must submit evidence that the income was received from a regulated investment company and submit a schedule indicating the percentage of income applicable to exempt and non-exempt assets. Distributions of capital gain attributable to Exempt Obligations will be subject to the Pennsylvania corporate net income tax. In addition, corporate shareholders will be entitled to a pass-through exemption in computing the exempt single-asset fraction for capital stock/franchise tax purposes. Specifically, an investment in the Pennsylvania Fund is granted an exemption for the same percentage as the deduction allowed from taxable income, on a pass-through basis, for purposes of the corporate net income tax.
Gain from the sale, exchange or other disposition of the shares generally will be subject to the Pennsylvania personal income tax and corporate net income tax.
Shares of the Pennsylvania Fund which are held by individual shareholders who are Pennsylvania residents and subject to the Pennsylvania county personal property tax will be exempt from such tax to the extent that the obligations held by the Pennsylvania Fund consist of Exempt Obligations on the annual assessment date. Corporations are not subject to Pennsylvania personal property taxes.
For individual shareholders who are residents of the City of Philadelphia, distributions of interest derived from Exempt Obligations will not be taxable for purposes of the Philadelphia School District investment net income tax, provided that the Pennsylvania Fund reports to its investors the percentage of Exempt Obligations held by the Pennsylvania Fund for the year. The Pennsylvania Fund will report such percentage to its investors. Gain from the sale, exchange or other disposition of shares of the Pennsylvania Fund will be subject to the Philadelphia School District investment net income tax if the shares have been held for a period of six months or less prior to the disposition.
Shares of the Pennsylvania Fund may be subject to the Pennsylvania inheritance tax and Pennsylvania estate tax if held by a Pennsylvania decedent at the time of death.
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Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Financial Highlights
The financial highlights are intended to help you understand a Funds financial performance for the period(s) indicated. Certain information in the tables reflects the financial results for a single Fund share. The total returns in the tables represent the rate an investor would have earned (or lost) on an investment in a Fund (assuming reinvestment of all distributions at net asset value). This information has been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm. The report of Deloitte & Touche LLP and each Funds financial statements are incorporated herein by reference and included in the Funds annual report, which is available upon request.
(See footnotes on last page.)
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Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Financial Highlights (continued)
|
AMT-Free Limited Fund |
||||||||
|
Year Ended March 31, |
||||||||
|
2010 |
2009 |
2008 |
||||||
|
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Net asset value - Beginning of year |
$9.470 |
$9.480 |
$8.950 |
$9.890 |
$9.890 |
$9.340 |
$10.280 |
$10.280 |
$9.700 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income (1) |
$0.343 |
$0.269 |
$0.253 |
$0.343 |
$0.272 |
$0.256 |
$0.388 |
$0.314 |
$0.295 |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
0.462 |
0.464 |
0.435 |
(0.377) |
(0.371) |
(0.352) |
(0.382) |
(0.385) |
(0.354) |
Total income (loss) from operations |
$0.805 |
$0.733 |
$0.688 |
$(0.034) |
$(0.099) |
$(0.096) |
$0.006 |
$(0.071) |
$(0.059) |
Less Distributions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From net investment income |
$(0.335) |
$(0.263) |
$(0.248) |
$(0.386) |
$(0.311) |
$(0.294) |
$(0.396) |
$(0.319) |
$(0.301) |
Total distributions |
$(0.335) |
$(0.263) |
$(0.248) |
$(0.386) |
$(0.311) |
$(0.294) |
$(0.396) |
$(0.319) |
$(0.301) |
Net asset value - End of year |
$9.940 |
$9.950 |
$9.390 |
$9.470 |
$9.480 |
$8.950 |
$9.890 |
$9.890 |
$9.340 |
Total Return (2) |
8.58% |
7.90% |
7.74% |
(0.33)% |
(1.10)% |
(1.02)% |
0.05% |
(0.71)% |
(0.63)% |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of year (000s omitted) |
$56,413 |
$898 |
$14,598 |
$49,188 |
$962 |
$10,743 |
$29,297 |
$1,256 |
$8,522 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses before custodian fee reduction |
0.91% |
1.66% |
1.66% |
0.98% |
1.73% |
1.74% |
0.92% |
1.67% |
1.67% |
Expenses after custodian fee reduction |
0.91% |
1.66% |
1.66% |
0.95% |
1.71% |
1.71% |
0.90% |
1.65% |
1.65% |
Net investment income |
3.47% |
2.72% |
2.71% |
3.58% |
2.82% |
2.82% |
3.83% |
3.09% |
3.08% |
Portfolio Turnover |
34% |
34% |
34% |
78% |
78% |
78% |
36% |
36% |
36% |
(See footnotes on last page.)
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
45
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Financial Highlights (continued)
(See footnotes on last page.)
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
46
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Financial Highlights (continued)
|
Massachusetts Limited Fund |
||||||||
|
Year Ended March 31, |
||||||||
|
2010 |
2009 |
2008 |
||||||
|
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Net asset value - Beginning of year |
$9.560 |
$9.560 |
$9.160 |
$9.970 |
$9.960 |
$9.550 |
$10.200 |
$10.200 |
$9.770 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income (1) |
$0.347 |
$0.275 |
$0.260 |
$0.360 |
$0.288 |
$0.274 |
$0.371 |
$0.297 |
$0.284 |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
0.490 |
0.479 |
0.472 |
(0.407) |
(0.399) |
(0.387) |
(0.231) |
(0.244) |
(0.223) |
Total income (loss) from operations |
$0.837 |
$0.754 |
$0.732 |
$(0.047) |
$(0.111) |
$(0.113) |
$0.140 |
$0.053 |
$0.061 |
Less Distributions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From net investment income |
$(0.357) |
$(0.284) |
$(0.272) |
$(0.363) |
$(0.289) |
$(0.277) |
$(0.370) |
$(0.293) |
$(0.281) |
Total distributions |
$(0.357) |
$(0.284) |
$(0.272) |
$(0.363) |
$(0.289) |
$(0.277) |
$(0.370) |
$(0.293) |
$(0.281) |
Net asset value - End of year |
$10.040 |
$10.030 |
$9.620 |
$9.560 |
$9.560 |
$9.160 |
$9.970 |
$9.960 |
$9.550 |
Total Return (2) |
8.83% |
7.94% |
8.05% |
(0.50)% |
(1.15)% |
(1.22)% |
1.39% |
0.52% |
0.63% |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of year (000s omitted) |
$52,719 |
$451 |
$14,807 |
$46,857 |
$854 |
$12,611 |
$49,514 |
$1,628 |
$12,995 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses before custodian fee reduction |
0.82% |
1.57% |
1.57% |
0.85% |
1.60% |
1.60% |
0.84% |
1.60% |
1.60% |
Expenses after custodian fee reduction |
0.82% |
1.57% |
1.57% |
0.84% |
1.59% |
1.59% |
0.83% |
1.58% |
1.58% |
Net investment income |
3.47% |
2.76% |
2.71% |
3.69% |
2.94% |
2.93% |
3.67% |
2.94% |
2.93% |
Portfolio Turnover |
11% |
11% |
11% |
16% |
16% |
16% |
14% |
14% |
14% |
(See footnotes on last page.)
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
47
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Financial Highlights (continued)
(See footnotes on last page.)
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
48
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Financial Highlights (continued)
|
National Limited Fund |
||||||
|
Period Ended March 31, |
||||||
|
2010 |
2009 |
|||||
|
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I (8) |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Net asset value - Beginning of period |
$9.200 |
$9.200 |
$8.630 |
$10.180 |
$9.930 |
$9.940 |
$9.310 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income (1) |
$0.398 |
$0.324 |
$0.303 |
$0.206 |
$0.394 |
$0.322 |
$0.302 |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
0.804 |
0.815 |
0.756 |
(0.190) |
(0.733) |
(0.745) |
(0.685) |
Total income (loss) from operations |
$1.202 |
$1.139 |
$1.059 |
$0.016 |
$(0.339) |
$(0.423) |
$(0.383) |
Less Distributions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From net investment income |
$(0.392) |
$(0.319) |
$(0.299) |
$(0.186) |
$(0.391) |
$(0.317) |
$(0.297) |
Total distributions |
$(0.392) |
$(0.319) |
$(0.299) |
$(0.186) |
$(0.391) |
$(0.317) |
$(0.297) |
Net asset value - End of period |
$10.010 |
$10.020 |
$9.390 |
$10.010 |
$9.200 |
$9.200 |
$8.630 |
Total Return |
13.22% (2) |
12.50% (2) |
12.39% (2) |
0.17% (4)(10) |
(3.50)% (2) |
(4.34)% (2) |
(4.20)% (2) |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of period (000s omitted) |
$410,009 |
$6,157 |
$143,883 |
$98,250 |
$500,869 |
$6,130 |
$104,893 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses excluding interest and fees |
0.71% |
1.46% |
1.46% |
0.58% (5) |
0.72% |
1.47% |
1.47% |
Interest and fee expense (9) |
0.01% |
0.01% |
0.01% |
0.01% (5) |
0.02% |
0.02% |
0.02% |
Total expenses before custodian fee reduction |
0.72% |
1.47% |
1.47% |
0.59% (5) |
0.74% |
1.49% |
1.49% |
Expenses after custodian fee reduction excluding interest and fees |
0.71% |
1.46% |
1.46% |
0.58% (5) |
0.71% |
1.46% |
1.46% |
Net investment income |
4.05% |
3.29% |
3.28% |
4.11% (5) |
4.12% |
3.37% |
3.38% |
Portfolio Turnover |
14% |
14% |
14% |
14% (12) |
33% |
33% |
33% |
(See footnotes on last page.)
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
49
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Financial Highlights (continued)
|
National Limited Fund |
||
|
Year Ended March 31, |
||
|
2008 |
||
|
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Net asset value - Beginning of year |
$10.420 |
$10.420 |
$9.770 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
Net investment income (1) |
$0.392 |
$0.318 |
$0.297 |
Net realized and unrealized loss |
(0.488) |
(0.482) |
(0.461) |
Total loss from operations |
$(0.096) |
$(0.164) |
$(0.164) |
Less Distributions |
|
|
|
From net investment income |
$(0.394) |
$(0.316) |
$(0.296) |
Total distributions |
$(0.394) |
$(0.316) |
$(0.296) |
Net asset value - End of year |
$9.930 |
$9.940 |
$9.310 |
Total Return (2) |
(0.94)% |
(1.59)% |
(1.70)% |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
Net assets, end of year (000s omitted) |
$541,176 |
$6,512 |
$100,866 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
Expenses excluding interest and fees |
0.71% |
1.46% |
1.46% |
Interest and fee expense (9) |
0.05% |
0.05% |
0.05% |
Total expenses before custodian fee reduction |
0.76% |
1.51% |
1.51% |
Expenses after custodian fee reduction excluding interest and fees |
0.70% |
1.45% |
1.45% |
Net investment income |
3.84% |
3.11% |
3.10% |
Portfolio Turnover |
39% |
39% |
39% |
(See footnotes on last page.)
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
50
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Financial Highlights (continued)
(See footnotes on last page.)
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
51
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Financial Highlights (continued)
|
New York Limited Fund |
||||||||
|
Year Ended March 31, |
||||||||
|
2010 |
2009 |
2008 |
||||||
|
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Net asset value - Beginning of year |
$9.550 |
$9.540 |
$9.080 |
$10.200 |
$10.190 |
$9.690 |
$10.600 |
$10.590 |
$10.070 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income (1) |
$0.368 |
$0.293 |
$0.278 |
$0.387 |
$0.312 |
$0.297 |
$0.402 |
$0.324 |
$0.308 |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
0.644 |
0.644 |
0.615 |
(0.642) |
(0.643) |
(0.603) |
(0.405) |
(0.406) |
(0.385) |
Total income (loss) from operations |
$1.012 |
$0.937 |
$0.893 |
$(0.255) |
$(0.331) |
$(0.306) |
$(0.003) |
$(0.082) |
$(0.077) |
Less Distributions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From net investment income |
$(0.372) |
$(0.297) |
$(0.283) |
$(0.395) |
$(0.319) |
$(0.304) |
$(0.397) |
$(0.318) |
$(0.303) |
Total distributions |
$(0.372) |
$(0.297) |
$(0.283) |
$(0.395) |
$(0.319) |
$(0.304) |
$(0.397) |
$(0.318) |
$(0.303) |
Net asset value - End of year |
$10.190 |
$10.180 |
$9.690 |
$9.550 |
$9.540 |
$9.080 |
$10.200 |
$10.190 |
$9.690 |
Total Return (2) |
10.72% |
9.92% |
9.92% |
(2.56)% |
(3.31)% |
(3.22)% |
(0.03)% |
(0.79)% |
(0.78)% |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of year (000s omitted) |
$71,238 |
$1,746 |
$28,326 |
$63,159 |
$1,976 |
$22,780 |
$71,401 |
$2,017 |
$23,844 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses excluding interest and fees |
0.81% |
1.56% |
1.56% |
0.80% |
1.55% |
1.55% |
0.82% |
1.57% |
1.57% |
Interest and fee expense (9) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.01% |
0.01% |
0.01% |
Total expenses before custodian fee reduction |
0.81% |
1.56% |
1.56% |
0.80% |
1.55% |
1.55% |
0.83% |
1.58% |
1.58% |
Expenses after custodian fee reduction excluding interest and fees |
0.81% |
1.56% |
1.56% |
0.79% |
1.54% |
1.55% |
0.81% |
1.56% |
1.56% |
Net investment income |
3.66% |
2.92% |
2.90% |
3.92% |
3.17% |
3.17% |
3.85% |
3.10% |
3.10% |
Portfolio Turnover |
6% |
6% |
6% |
22% |
22% |
22% |
14% |
14% |
14% |
(See footnotes on last page.)
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
52
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Financial Highlights (continued)
(See footnotes on the last page.)
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
53
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
Financial Highlights (continued)
|
Pennsylvania Limited Fund |
||||||||
|
Year Ended March 31, |
||||||||
|
2010 |
2009 |
2008 |
||||||
|
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Net asset value - Beginning of year |
$9.720 |
$9.720 |
$9.210 |
$10.030 |
$10.030 |
$9.510 |
$10.360 |
$10.360 |
$9.820 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income (1) |
$0.372 |
$0.300 |
$0.282 |
$0.393 |
$0.319 |
$0.303 |
$0.393 |
$0.318 |
$0.301 |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
0.348 |
0.346 |
0.337 |
(0.313) |
(0.314) |
(0.304) |
(0.327) |
(0.329) |
(0.308) |
Total income (loss) from operations |
$0.720 |
$0.646 |
$0.619 |
$0.080 |
$0.005 |
$(0.001) |
$0.066 |
$(0.011) |
$(0.007) |
Less Distributions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From net investment income |
$(0.380) |
$(0.306) |
$(0.289) |
$(0.390) |
$(0.315) |
$(0.299) |
$(0.396) |
$(0.319) |
$(0.303) |
Total distributions |
$(0.380) |
$(0.306) |
$(0.289) |
$(0.390) |
$(0.315) |
$(0.299) |
$(0.396) |
$(0.319) |
$(0.303) |
Net asset value - End of year |
$10.060 |
$10.060 |
$9.540 |
$9.720 |
$9.720 |
$9.210 |
$10.030 |
$10.030 |
$9.510 |
Total Return (2) |
7.49% |
6.70% |
6.78% |
0.83% |
0.06% |
(0.01)% |
0.64% |
(0.11)% |
(0.08)% |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of year (000s omitted) |
$47,779 |
$428 |
$18,014 |
$36,461 |
$550 |
$13,884 |
$39,272 |
$1,159 |
$13,427 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses before custodian fee reduction |
0.84% |
1.59% |
1.59% |
0.87% |
1.62% |
1.62% |
0.88% |
1.63% |
1.63% |
Expenses after custodian fee reduction |
0.84% |
1.59% |
1.59% |
0.86% |
1.61% |
1.61% |
0.85% |
1.60% |
1.60% |
Net investment income |
3.71% |
3.00% |
2.96% |
4.00% |
3.25% |
3.25% |
3.84% |
3.10% |
3.10% |
Portfolio Turnover |
6% |
6% |
6% |
19% |
19% |
19% |
12% |
12% |
12% |
(1)
Computed using average shares outstanding.
(2)
Returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value with all distributions reinvested and do not reflect the effect of sales charges.
(3)
For the period from the commencement of operations on August 3, 2010 to March 31, 2011.
(4)
Not annualized.
(5)
Annualized.
(6)
For the Funds year ended March 31, 2011.
(7)
Amount is less than 0. 005 %.
(8)
For the period from the commencement of operations on October 1, 2009 to March 31, 2010 .
(9)
Interest and fee expense relates to the liability for floating rate notes issued in conjunction with residual interest bond transactions (see Note 1I to the Funds audited financial statements).
(10)
Returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value with all distributions reinvested.
(11)
Excludes the effect of custody fee credits, if any, of less than 0.005%.
(12)
For the Funds year ended March 31, 2010 .
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
54
Prospectus dated August 1, 2012
More Information
About the Funds: More information is available in the Statement of Additional Information. The Statement of Additional Information is incorporated by reference into this Prospectus. Additional information about each Funds investments is available in the annual and semiannual reports to shareholders. In the annual report, you will find a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected each Funds performance during the past fiscal year. You may obtain free copies of the Statement of Additional Information and the shareholder reports on Eaton Vances website at www.eatonvance.com or by contacting the principal underwriter:
Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc.
Two International Place
Boston, MA 02110
1-800-262-1122
website: www.eatonvance.com
You will find and may copy information about each Fund (including the Statement of Additional Information and shareholder reports): at the Securities and Exchange Commissions public reference room in Washington, DC (call 1-800-732-0330 for information on the operation of the public reference room); on the EDGAR Database on the SECs website (www.sec.gov); or, upon payment of copying fees, by writing to the SECs Public Reference Section, 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549-0102, or by electronic mail at publicinfo@sec.gov.
Shareholder Inquiries: You can obtain more information from Eaton Vance Shareholder Services or the Fund transfer agent, BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc. If you own shares and would like to add to, redeem or change your account, please write or call below:
Regular Mailing Address:
|
|
Overnight Mailing Address:
|
|
Phone Number:
|
The Funds' Investment Company Act No. is 811-04443. |
COMBLMTINCP |
604-8/12 |
© 2012 Eaton Vance Management |
STATEMENT OF
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
August 1,
2012
Eaton Vance AMT-Free Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund
Class A Shares - EXFLX Class B Shares - ELFLX Class C Shares - EZFLX Class I Shares - EILMX
Eaton Vance Massachusetts Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund
Class A Shares - EXMAX Class B Shares - ELMAX Class C Shares - EZMAX Class I Shares - EMAIX
Eaton Vance National Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund
Class A Shares - EXNAX Class B Shares - ELNAX Class C Shares - EZNAX Class I Shares - EINAX
Eaton Vance New York Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund
Class A Shares - EXNYX Class B Shares - ELNYX Class C Shares - EZNYX Class I Shares - ENYIX
Eaton Vance Pennsylvania Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund
Class A Shares - EXPNX Class B Shares - ELPNX Class C Shares - EZPNX Class I Shares - EIPNX
Two International Place
Boston, Massachusetts 02110
1-800-262-1122
This Statement of Additional Information ( “ SAI ” ) provides general information about the Funds. Each Fund is a non-diversified (except for AMT-Free Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund and National Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund, which are diversified), open-end management investment company. Each Fund is a series of Eaton Vance Investment Trust (the Trust). Capitalized terms used in this SAI and not otherwise defined have the meanings given to them in the Prospectus.
This SAI contains additional information about:
|
Page |
|
|
Page |
Strategies and Risks |
2 |
|
Sales Charges |
19 |
Investment Restrictions |
4 |
|
Performance |
21 |
Management and Organization |
6 |
|
Taxes |
23 |
Investment Advisory and Administrative Services |
13 |
|
Portfolio Securities Transactions |
30 |
Other Service Providers |
16 |
|
Financial Statements |
32 |
Calculation of Net Asset Value |
17 |
|
Additional Information About Investment Strategies |
32 |
Purchasing and Redeeming Shares |
18 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Appendix A: Class A Fees, Performance and Ownership |
61 |
|
Appendix E: State Specific Information |
72 |
Appendix B: Class B Fees, Performance and Ownership |
64 |
|
Appendix F: Ratings |
90 |
Appendix C: Class C Fees, Performance and Ownership |
67 |
|
Appendix G: Eaton Vance Funds Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures |
99 |
Appendix D: Class I Performance and Ownership |
70 |
|
Appendix H: Adviser Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures |
101 |
Although each Fund offers only its shares of beneficial interest, it is possible that a Fund (or Class) might become liable for a misstatement or omission in this SAI regarding another Fund (or Class) because the Funds use this combined SAI.
This SAI is NOT a prospectus and is authorized for distribution to prospective investors only if preceded or accompanied by the Fund Prospectus dated August 1, 2012 , as supplemented from time to time, which is incorporated herein by reference. This SAI should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus, which may be obtained by calling 1-800-262-1122.
© 2012 Eaton Vance Management
Definitions
The following terms that may be used in this SAI have the meaning set forth below:
1940 Act means the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended;
1933 Act means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended;
CEA means Commodity Exchange Act;
CFTC means the Commodities Futures Trading Commission;
Code means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended;
Exchange means the New York Stock Exchange;
FINRA means the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority;
Fund means the Fund or Funds listed on the cover of this SAI unless stated otherwise;
investment adviser means the investment adviser identified in the prospectus and, with respect to the implementation of the Funds investment strategies (including as described under Taxes) and portfolio securities transactions, any sub-adviser identified in the prospectus;
IRS means the Internal Revenue Service;
Portfolio means a registered investment company (other than the Fund) sponsored by the Eaton Vance organization in which one or more Funds and other investors may invest substantially all or any portion of their assets;
Subsidiary means a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Fund or the Portfolio as described in the prospectus, if applicable;
SEC means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission; and
Trust means Eaton Vance Investment Trust, of which the Fund is a series.
STRATEGIES AND RISKS
The Fund prospectus identifies the types of investments in which the Fund will principally invest in seeking its investment objective(s) and the principal risks associated therewith. The categories checked in the table below are all of the investments the Fund is permitted to make, including its principal investments and the investment practices the Fund (either directly or through one or more Portfolios as may be described in the prospectus) is permitted to engage in. To the extent that an investment type or practice listed below is not identified in the Fund prospectus as a principal investment, the Fund generally expects to invest less than 5% of its total assets in such investment type. If a particular investment type that is checked and listed below but not referred to in the prospectus becomes a more significant part of the Funds strategy, the prospectus may be amended to disclose that investment . If applicable, “ Fund ” as used herein and under “ Additional Information About Investment Strategies ” refers to each Fund listed in the table below. Information about the various investment types and practices and the associated risks checked below is included in alphabetical order in this SAI under “ Additional Information about Investment Strategies. ”
Investment Type |
Permitted for or Relevant to the Fund |
Asset-Backed Securities ( “ ABS ” ) |
|
Auction Rate Securities |
√ |
Build America Bonds |
√ |
Call and Put Features on Obligations |
√ |
Cash Equivalents |
√ |
Collateralized Mortgage Obligations ( “ CMOs ” ) |
|
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
2
SAI dated August 1, 2012
Investment Type |
Permitted for or Relevant to the Fund |
Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities ( “ CMBS ” ) |
|
Commodity-Related Investments |
|
Common Stocks |
|
Convertible Securities |
|
Credit Linked Securities |
√ |
Derivative Instruments and Related Risks |
√ |
Direct Investments |
|
Emerging Market Investments |
|
Equity Investments |
|
Equity Linked Securities |
|
Exchange-Traded Funds ( “ ETFs ” ) |
|
Exchange-Traded Notes ( “ ETNs ” ) |
|
Fixed-Income Securities |
√ |
Foreign Currency Transactions |
|
Foreign Investments |
|
Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts |
|
Forward Rate Agreements |
√ |
Futures Contracts |
√ |
High Yield Securities |
√ |
Hybrid Instruments |
|
Illiquid Securities |
√ |
Indexed Securities |
|
Inflation-Indexed (or Inflation-Linked) Bonds |
√ |
Junior Loans |
|
Liquidity or Protective Put Agreements |
√ |
Master Limited Partnerships ( “ MLPs ” ) |
|
Mortgage-Backed Securities ( “ MBS ” ) |
|
Mortgage Dollar Rolls |
|
Municipal Lease Obligations ( “ MLOs ” ) |
√ |
Municipal Obligations |
√ (1) (2) |
Option Contracts |
√ |
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
|
Preferred Securities |
|
Real Estate Investment Trusts ( “ REITs ” ). |
|
Repurchase Agreements |
|
Residual Interest Bonds |
√ |
Reverse Repurchase Agreements |
|
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
4
SAI dated August 1, 2012
Investment Type |
Permitted for or Relevant to the Fund |
Royalty Bonds |
|
Securities with Equity and Debt Characteristics |
|
Senior Loans |
|
Short Sales |
|
Stripped Mortgage-Backed Securities ( “ SMBS ” ) |
|
Structured Notes |
|
Swap Agreements |
√ |
Swaptions |
|
Trust Certificates |
|
U.S. Government Securities |
√ |
Unlisted Securities |
√ |
Variable Rate Obligations |
√ |
Warrants |
|
When-Issued Securities, Delayed Delivery and Forward Commitments |
√ |
Zero Coupon Bonds |
√ |
Other Disclosures Regarding Investment Practices |
Permitted for or Relevant to the Fund |
Asset Coverage |
√ |
Average Effective Maturity |
|
Borrowing for Investment Purposes |
|
Borrowing for Temporary Purposes |
√ |
Diversified Status |
√ (3) |
Dividend Capture Trading |
|
Duration |
√ |
Events Regarding FNMA and FHLMC |
|
Fund Investing in a Portfolio |
|
Investments in the Subsidiary |
|
Loan Facility |
|
Option Strategy |
|
Participation in the ReFlow Liquidity Program |
√ |
Portfolio Turnover |
√ |
Securities Lending |
√ |
Short-Term Trading |
√ |
Significant Exposure to Global Natural Resources |
|
Significant Exposure to Health Sciences Companies |
|
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
5
SAI dated August 1, 2012
Other Disclosures Regarding Investment Practices |
Permitted for or Relevant to the Fund |
Significant Exposure to Smaller Companies |
|
Significant Exposure to Utility and Financial Services Companies |
|
Tax-Managed Investing |
|
(1)
Funds that seek to avoid state income taxes invest a significant portion of their assets in obligations issued by issuers in a particular state. The Funds also may invest a total of up to 35% of its net assets in the obligations of Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam and invest to a more limited extent in obligations issued by the N. Mariana Territories and American Samoa. The risks associated with investing in municipal obligations of issuers of a particular state or U.S. territory are described under Risks of Concentration in an appendix to this SAI.
(2)
As stated in the prospectus, the Fund has policies relating to the investment of securities in certain credit rating categories. The Fund may retain an obligation whose rating drops after its acquisition, including defaulted obligations, if such retention is considered desirable by the investment adviser; provided, however, that holdings of obligations rated below Baa and BBB will be no more than 35% of net assets and holdings rated below B will be no more than 10% of net assets. In the event the rating of an obligation held by the Fund is downgraded, causing the Fund to exceed the foregoing limitations, the investment adviser will (in an orderly fashion and within a reasonable period of time) dispose of such obligations as it deems necessary in order to comply with the Funds credit quality limitations.
(3)
Applies to AMT-Free Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund and National Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund only. All other Funds are non-diversified.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
The following investment restrictions of each Fund are designated as fundamental policies and as such cannot be changed without the approval of the holders of a majority of a Funds outstanding voting securities, which as used in this SAI means the lesser of: (a) 67% of the shares of a Fund present or represented by proxy at a meeting if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares are present or represented at the meeting; or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of a Fund. Accordingly, each Fund may not:
The following applies to all Funds: |
|
(1) |
Borrow money or issue senior securities except as permitted by the 1940 Act; |
(2) |
Purchase securities on margin (but the Fund may obtain such short-term credits as may be necessary for the clearance of purchases and sales of securities). The deposit or payment by the Fund of initial or maintenance margin in connection with futures contracts or related options transactions is not considered the purchase of a security on margin; |
(3) |
Underwrite or participate in the marketing of securities of others, except insofar as it may technically be deemed to be an underwriter in selling a portfolio security under circumstances which may require the registration of the same under the 1933 Act; |
(4) |
Purchase or sell real estate (including limited partnership interests in real estate but excluding readily marketable interests in real estate investment trusts or readily marketable securities of companies which invest or deal in real estate or securities which are secured by real estate); |
(5) |
Purchase or sell physical commodities or contracts for the purchase or sale of physical commodities; or |
(6) |
Make loans to any person except by (a) the acquisition of debt instruments and making portfolio investments, (b) entering into repurchase agreements and (c) lending portfolio securities. |
In connection with restriction (1) above, the 1940 Act currently permits investment companies to borrow money so long as there is 300% asset coverage of the borrowing ( i.e. , borrowings do not exceed one-third of the investment companys total assets after subtracting liabilities other than the borrowings). There is no current intent to borrow money except for the limited purposes described in the Prospectus.
Notwithstanding its investment policies and restrictions, each Fund may, in compliance with the requirements of the 1940 Act, invest (i) all of its investable assets in an open-end management investment company with substantially the same investment objective(s), policies and restrictions as the Fund; or (ii) in more than one open-end management investment company sponsored by Eaton Vance or its affiliates, provided any such company has investment objective(s), policies and restrictions that are consistent with those of the Fund.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
6
SAI dated August 1, 2012
In addition, to the extent a registered open-end investment company acquires securities of a portfolio in reliance on Section 12(d)(1)(G) under the 1940 Act, such portfolio shall not acquire any securities of a registered open-end investment company in reliance on Section 12(d)(1)(G) under the 1940 Act.
The following nonfundamental investment policies have been adopted by each Fund. A nonfundamental investment policy may be changed by the Trustees with respect to a Fund without approval by the Funds shareholders. Each Fund will not:
·
make short sales of securities or maintain a short position, unless at all times when a short position is open (i) it owns an equal amount of such securities or securities convertible into or exchangeable, without payment of any further consideration, for securities of the same issue as, and equal in amount to, the securities sold short or (ii) it holds in a segregated account cash or other liquid securities (to the extent required under the 1940 Act) in an amount equal to the current market value of the securities sold short, and unless not more than 25% of its net assets (taken at current value) is held as collateral for such sales at any one time; or
·
invest more than 15% of net assets in investments which are not readily marketable, including restricted securities and repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days. Restricted securities for the purposes of this limitation do not include securities eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A under the 1933 Act and commercial paper issued pursuant to Section 4(2) of said Act that the Board of Trustees, or its delegate, determines to be liquid. Any such determination by a delegate will be made pursuant to procedures adopted by the Board. When investing in Rule 144A securities, the level of portfolio illiquidity may be increased to the extent that eligible buyers become uninterested in purchasing such securities.
No Fund will invest 25% or more of its total assets in any one industry. For purposes of the foregoing policy, securities of the U.S. Government, its agencies, or instrumentalities are not considered to represent industries. Municipal obligations backed by the credit of a governmental entity are also not considered to represent industries. However, municipal obligations backed only by the assets and revenues of non-governmental users may for this purpose be deemed to be issued by such non-governmental users. The foregoing 25% limitation would apply to these issuers. As discussed in the Prospectus and this SAI, a Fund may invest more than 25% of its total assets in certain economic sectors, such as revenue bonds, housing, hospitals and other health care facilities, utilities and industrial development bonds.
For purposes of a Funds investment restrictions and diversification status, the determination of the issuer of any obligation, including residual interest bonds, will be made by the Funds investment adviser on the basis of the characteristics of the obligation and other relevant factors, the most significant of which is the source of funds committed to meeting interest and principal payments of such obligations. A Fund's investments in residual interest bonds and similar securities described in the prospectus and this SAI will not be considered borrowing for purposes of a Fund's restrictions on borrowing described herein and in the prospectus.
Whenever an investment policy or investment restriction set forth in the Prospectus or this SAI states a maximum percentage of assets that may be invested in any security or other asset, or describes a policy regarding quality standards, such percentage limitation or standard shall be determined immediately after and as a result of the acquisition by a Fund of such security or asset. Accordingly, any later increase or decrease resulting from a change in values, assets or other circumstances or any subsequent rating change made by a rating service (or as determined by the investment adviser if the security is not rated by a rating agency), will not compel a Fund to dispose of such security or other asset. However, a Fund must always be in compliance with the borrowing policy and limitation on investing in illiquid securities set forth above. If a sale of securities is required to comply with the 15% limit on illiquid securities, such sales will be made in an orderly manner with consideration of the best interests of shareholders.
MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION
Fund Management. The Trustees of the Trust are responsible for the overall management and supervision of the affairs of the Trust. The Trustees and officers of the Trust are listed below. Except as indicated, each individual has held the office shown or other offices in the same company for the last five years. Trustees and officers of the Trust hold indefinite terms of office. The noninterested Trustees consist of those Trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust, as that term is defined under the 1940 Act. The business address of each Trustee and officer is Two International Place, Boston, Massachusetts 02110. As used in this SAI, EVC refers to Eaton Vance Corp., EV refers to Eaton Vance, Inc ., Eaton Vance refers to Eaton Vance Management and EVD refers to Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc. (see Principal Underwriter under Other Service Providers). EVC and EV are the corporate parent and trustee, respectively, of Eaton Vance and BMR. Each officer affiliated with Eaton
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
7
SAI dated August 1, 2012
Vance may hold a position with other Eaton Vance affiliates that is comparable to his or her position with Eaton Vance listed below.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
8
SAI dated August 1, 2012
Name and Year of Birth |
|
Trust
|
|
Term of Office and
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years
|
|
Number of Portfolios
|
|
Other Directorships Held
|
Interested Trustee |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
THOMAS E. FAUST JR.
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2007 |
|
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President of EVC, Director and President of EV, Chief Executive Officer and President of Eaton Vance and BMR, and Director of EVD. Trustee and/or officer of 182 registered investment companies. Mr. Faust is an interested person because of his positions with BMR, Eaton Vance, EVC, EVD and EV, which are affiliates of the Trust. |
|
182 |
|
Director of EVC. |
Noninterested Trustees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SCOTT E. ESTON
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2011 |
|
Private investor. Formerly held various positions at Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo and Co., L.L.C. (investment management firm) (1997-2009), including Chief Operating Officer (2002-2009), Chief Financial Officer (1997-2009) and Chairman of the Executive Committee (2002-2008); President and Principal Executive Officer, GMO Trust (open-end registered investment company) (2006-2009). Former Partner, Coopers and Lybrand L.L.P. (now PricewaterhouseCoopers) (public accounting firm) (1987-1997). |
|
182 |
|
None |
BENJAMIN C. ESTY
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2005 |
|
Roy and Elizabeth Simmons Professor of Business Administration and Finance Unit Head, Harvard University Graduate School of Business Administration. |
|
182 |
|
None |
ALLEN R. FREEDMAN
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2007 |
|
Private Investor. Former Chairman (2002-2004) and a Director (1983-2004) of Systems & Computer Technology Corp. (provider of software to higher education). Formerly, a Director of Loring Ward International (fund distributor) (2005-2007). Former Chairman and a Director of Indus International, Inc. (provider of enterprise management software to the power generating industry) (2005-2007). Former Chief Executive Officer of Assurant, Inc. (insurance provider) (1979-2000). |
|
182 |
|
Director of Stonemor Partners L.P. (owner and operator of cemeteries). Formerly, Director of Assurant, Inc. (insurance provider) (1979-2011). |
WILLIAM H. PARK
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2003 |
|
Consultant and private investor. Formerly, Chief Financial Officer, Aveon Group, L.P. (investment management firm) (2010-2011). Formerly, Vice Chairman, Commercial Industrial Finance Corp. (specialty finance company) (2006-2010). Formerly, President and Chief Executive Officer, Prizm Capital Management, LLC (investment management firm) (2002-2005). Formerly, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, United Asset Management Corporation (investment management firm) (1982-2001). Formerly, Senior Manager, Price Waterhouse (now PricewaterhouseCoopers) (an independent registered public accounting firm) (1972-1981). |
|
182 |
|
None |
RONALD A. PEARLMAN
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2003 |
|
Professor of Law, Georgetown University Law Center. Formerly, Deputy Assistant Secretary (Tax Policy) and Assistant Secretary (Tax Policy), U.S. Department of the Treasury (1983-1985). Formerly, Chief of Staff, Joint Committee on Taxation, U.S. Congress (1988-1990). |
|
182 |
|
None |
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
9
SAI dated August 1, 2012
Noninterested Trustees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
HELEN FRAME PETERS
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2008 |
|
Professor of Finance, Carroll School of Management, Boston College. Formerly, Dean, Carroll School of Management, Boston College (2000-2002). Formerly, Chief Investment Officer, Fixed Income, Scudder Kemper Investments (investment management firm) (1998-1999). Formerly, Chief Investment Officer, Equity and Fixed Income, Colonial Management Associates (investment management firm) (1991-1998). |
|
182 |
|
Formerly, Director of BJs Wholesale Club, Inc. (wholesale club retailer) (2004-2011). Formerly, Trustee of SPDR Index Shares Funds and SPDR Series Trust (exchange traded funds) (2000-2009). Formerly, Director of Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston (a bank for banks) (2007-2009). |
LYNN A. STOUT
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 1998 |
|
Distinguished Professor of Corporate and Business Law, Jack G. Clarke Business Law Institute, Cornell University Law School. Formerly, the Paul Hastings Professor of Corporate and Securities Law (2006-2012) and Professor of Law (2001-2006), University of California at Los Angeles School of Law. |
|
182 |
|
None |
HARRIETT TEE TAGGART
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2011 |
|
Managing Director, Taggart Associates (a professional practice firm). Formerly, Partner and Senior Vice President, Wellington Management Company, LLP (investment management firm) (1983-2006). |
|
182 |
|
Director of Albemarle Corporation (chemicals manufacturer) (since 2007) and The Hanover Group (specialty property and casualty insurance company) (since 2009). Formerly, Director of Lubrizol Corporation (specialty chemicals) (2007-2011). |
RALPH F. VERNI
|
|
Chairman of the Board and Trustee |
|
Chairman of the Board since 2007 and Trustee since 2005 |
|
Consultant and private investor. Formerly, Chief Investment Officer (1982-1992), Chief Financial Officer (1988-1990) and Director (1982-1992), New England Life. Formerly, Chairperson, New England Mutual Funds (1982-1992). Formerly, President and Chief Executive Officer, State Street Management & Research (1992-2000). Formerly, Chairperson, State Street Research Mutual Funds (1992-2000). Formerly, Director, W.P. Carey, LLC (1998-2004) and First Pioneer Farm Credit Corp. (2002-2006). |
|
182 |
|
None |
(1)
Includes both master and feeder funds in a master-feeder structure.
(2)
During their respective tenures, the Trustees (except for Mr. Eston and Ms. Taggart) also served as trustees of one or more of the following Eaton Vance funds (which operated in the years noted): Eaton Vance Credit Opportunities Fund (launched in 2005 and terminated in 2010); Eaton Vance Insured Florida Plus Municipal Bond Fund (launched in 2002 and terminated in 2009); and Eaton Vance National Municipal Income Trust (launched in 1998 and terminated in 2009).
Principal Officers who are not Trustees
Name and Year of Birth |
|
Trust Position(s) |
|
Term of Office and
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years |
CYNTHIA J. CLEMSON
|
|
President |
|
Since 2005 |
|
Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR. Officer of 24 registered investment companies managed by Eaton Vance or BMR. |
PAYSON F. SWAFFIELD
|
|
Vice President |
|
Since 2011 |
|
Vice President and Chief Income Investment Officer of Eaton Vance and BMR. Officer of 129 registered investment companies managed by Eaton Vance or BMR. |
BARBARA E. CAMPBELL
|
|
Treasurer |
|
Since 2005 |
|
Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR. Officer of 182 registered investment companies managed by Eaton Vance or BMR. |
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
10
SAI dated August 1, 2012
Name and Year of Birth |
|
Trust Position(s) |
|
Term of Office and
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years |
MAUREEN A. GEMMA
|
|
Vice President, Secretary and Chief Legal Officer |
|
Vice President since 2011, Secretary since 2007 and Chief Legal Officer since 2008 |
|
Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR. Officer of 182 registered investment companies managed by Eaton Vance or BMR. |
PAUL M. ONEIL
|
|
Chief Compliance Officer |
|
Since 2004 |
|
Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR. Officer of 182 registered investment companies managed by Eaton Vance or BMR. |
The Board of Trustees has general oversight responsibility with respect to the business and affairs of the Trust and each Fund. The Board has engaged an investment adviser and (if applicable) a sub-adviser (collectively the adviser) to manage each Fund and an administrator to administer each Fund and is responsible for overseeing such adviser and administrator and other service providers to the Trust and the Fund. The Board is currently composed of ten Trustees, including nine Trustees who are not interested persons of a Fund, as that term is defined in the 1940 Act (each a noninterested Trustee). In addition to eight regularly scheduled meetings per year, the Board holds special meetings or informal conference calls to discuss specific matters that may require action prior to the next regular meeting. As discussed below, the Board has established five committees to assist the Board in performing its oversight responsibilities.
The Board has appointed a noninterested Trustee to serve in the role of Chairman. The Chairmans primary role is to participate in the preparation of the agenda for meetings of the Board and the identification of information to be presented to the Board with respect to matters to be acted upon by the Board. The Chairman also presides at all meetings of the Board and acts as a liaison with service providers, officers, attorneys, and other Trustees generally between meetings. The Chairman may perform such other functions as may be requested by the Board from time to time. Except for any duties specified herein or pursuant to the Trusts Declaration of Trust or By-laws, the designation of Chairman does not impose on such noninterested Trustee any duties, obligations or liability that is greater than the duties, obligations or liability imposed on such person as a member of the Board, generally.
Each Fund and the Trust are subject to a number of risks, including, among others, investment, compliance, operational, and valuation risks. Risk oversight is part of the Boards general oversight of each Fund and the Trust and is addressed as part of various activities of the Board of Trustees and its Committees. As part of its oversight of each Fund and Trust, the Board directly, or through a Committee, relies on and reviews reports from, among others, Fund management, the adviser, the administrator, the principal underwriter, the Chief Compliance Officer (the CCO), and other Fund service providers responsible for day-to-day oversight of Fund investments, operations and compliance to assist the Board in identifying and understanding the nature and extent of risks and determining whether, and to what extent, such risks can be mitigated. The Board also interacts with the CCO and with senior personnel of the adviser, administrator, principal underwriter and other Fund service providers and provides input on risk management issues during meetings of the Board and its Committees. Each of the adviser, administrator, principal underwriter and the other Fund service providers has its own, independent interest and responsibilities in risk management, and its policies and methods for carrying out risk management functions will depend, in part, on its individual priorities, resources and controls. It is not possible to identify all of the risks that may affect a Fund or to develop processes and controls to eliminate or mitigate their occurrence or effects. Moreover, it is necessary to bear certain risks (such as investment-related risks) to achieve each Funds goals.
The Board, with the assistance of management and with input from the Board's various committees, reviews investment policies and risks in connection with its review of Fund performance. The Board has appointed a Fund Chief Compliance Officer who oversees the implementation and testing of the Fund compliance program and reports to the Board regarding compliance matters for the Funds and their principal service providers. In addition, as part of the Boards periodic review of the advisory, subadvisory (if applicable), distribution and other service provider agreements, the Board may consider risk management aspects of their operations and the functions for which they are responsible. With respect to valuation, the Board approves and periodically reviews valuation policies and procedures applicable to valuing each Funds shares. The administrator, the investment adviser and the sub-adviser (if applicable) are responsible for the implementation and day-to-day administration of these valuation policies and procedures and provides reports periodically to the Board regarding these and related matters. In addition, the Board or the Audit Committee of the Board receives reports periodically from the independent public accounting firm for the Funds regarding tests performed by such firm on the valuation of all securities, as well as with respect to other risks associated with mutual funds. Reports received from service providers, legal counsel and the independent public accounting firm assist the Board in performing its oversight function.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
11
SAI dated August 1, 2012
The Trusts Declaration of Trust does not set forth any specific qualifications to serve as a Trustee. The Charter of the Governance Committee also does not set forth any specific qualifications, but does set forth certain factors that the Committee may take into account in considering noninterested Trustee candidates. In general, no one factor is decisive in the selection of an individual to join the Board. Among the factors the Board considers when concluding that an individual should serve on the Board are the following: (i) knowledge in matters relating to the mutual fund industry; (ii) experience as a director or senior officer of public companies; (iii) educational background; (iv) reputation for high ethical standards and professional integrity; (v) specific financial, technical or other expertise, and the extent to which such expertise would complement the Board of Trustees existing mix of skills, core competencies and qualifications; (vi) perceived ability to contribute to the ongoing functions of the Board of Trustees, including the ability and commitment to attend meetings regularly and work collaboratively with other members of the Board of Trustees; (vii) the ability to qualify as a noninterested Trustee for purposes of the 1940 Act and any other actual or potential conflicts of interest involving the individual and the Fund; and (viii) such other factors as the Board determines to be relevant in light of the existing composition of the Board of Trustees.
Among the attributes or skills common to all Trustees are their ability to review critically, evaluate, question and discuss information provided to them, to interact effectively with the other Trustees, management, sub-advisers, other service providers, counsel and independent registered public accounting firms, and to exercise effective and independent business judgment in the performance of their duties as Trustees. Each Trustees ability to perform his or her duties effectively has been attained through the Trustees business, consulting, public service and/or academic positions and through experience from service as a Board member in the Eaton Vance Group of Funds (and/or in other capacities, including for any predecessor funds), public companies, or non-profit entities or other organizations as set forth below. Each Trustees ability to perform his or her duties effectively also has been enhanced by his or her educational background, professional training, and/or other life experiences.
In respect of each current Trustee, the individuals substantial professional accomplishments and experience, including in fields related to the operations of the Eaton Vance Group of Funds, were a significant factor in the determination that the individual should serve as a Trustee. The following is a summary of each Trustees particular professional experience and additional considerations that contributed to the Boards conclusion that he or she should serve as a Trustee:
Scott E. Eston . Mr. Eston has served as a Trustee in the Eaton Vance Group of Funds since 2011. He currently serves on the investment and advisory board of the BAC Seed Fund, a real estate investment firm, and is also a member of Michigan State Universitys Financial Management Institute Advisory Board. From 1997 through 2009, Mr. Eston served in several capacities at Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo and Co. (GMO), including as Chairman of the Executive Committee and Chief Operating and Chief Financial Officer, and also as the President and Principal Executive officer of GMO Trust, an affiliated open-end registered investment company. From 1978 through 1997, Mr. Eston was employed at Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P. (now PricewaterhouseCoopers) (since 1987 as a Partner).
Benjamin C. Esty . Mr. Esty has served as a Trustee in the Eaton Vance Group of Funds since 2005 and is the Chairperson of the Portfolio Management Committee. He is the Roy and Elizabeth Simmons Professor of Business Administration and Finance Unit Head at the Harvard University Graduate School of Business Administration.
Thomas E. Faust Jr . Mr. Faust has served as a Trustee in the Eaton Vance Group of Funds since 2007. He is currently Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President of EVC, Director and President of EV, Chief Executive Officer and President of Eaton Vance and BMR, and Director of EVD. Mr. Faust previously served as an equity analyst, portfolio manager, Director of Equity Research and Management and Chief Investment Officer of Eaton Vance (1985-2007). He holds B.S. degrees in Mechanical Engineering and Economics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and an MBA from Harvard Business School. Mr. Faust has been a Chartered Financial Analyst since 1988.
Allen R. Freedman . Mr. Freedman has served as a Trustee in the Eaton Vance Group of Funds since 2007. Mr. Freedman also serves as a Director of Stonemor Partners L.P. where he also serves as the Chair of the Audit Committee and a member of the Trust and Compliance Committee. Mr. Freedman was previously a Director of Assurant, Inc. from 1979-2011, a Director of Systems & Computer Technology Corp. from 1983-2004 and Chairman from 2002-2004, a Director of Loring Ward International from 2005-2007 and Chairman and a Director of Indus International, Inc. from 2005-2007. Mr. Freedman was formerly the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Fortis, Inc. (predecessor to Assurant, Inc.), a specialty insurance company he founded in 1978 and from which he retired in 2000. Mr. Freedman also served as a Director of the Fortis Mutual Funds and First Fortis Life Insurance Company. He remains a Director of Union Security Life Insurance Company of New York, successor to First Fortis. Mr. Freedman is a founding director of the Association of Audit Committee Members, Inc.
William H. Park . Mr. Park has served as a Trustee in the Eaton Vance Group of Funds since 2003 and is the Chairperson of the Audit Committee. Mr. Park was formerly the Chief Financial Officer of Aveon Group, L.P. from 2010-2011. Mr. Park also served
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
12
SAI dated August 1, 2012
as Vice Chairman of Commercial Industrial Finance Corp. from 2006-2010, as President and Chief Executive Officer of Prizm Capital Management, LLC from 2002-2005, as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of United Asset Management Corporation from 1982-2001 and as Senior Manager of Price Waterhouse (now PricewaterhouseCoopers) from 1972-1981.
Ronald A. Pearlman . Mr. Pearlman has served as a Trustee in the Eaton Vance Group of Funds since 2003 and is the Chairperson of the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee. He is a Professor of Law at Georgetown University Law Center. Previously, Mr. Pearlman was Deputy Assistant Secretary (Tax Policy) and Assistant Secretary (Tax Policy), U.S. Department of the Treasury from 1983-1985 and served as Chief of Staff, Joint Committee on Taxation, U.S. Congress from 1988-1990. Mr. Pearlman was engaged in the private practice of law from 1969-2000, with the exception of the periods of government service. He represented large domestic and multinational businesses in connection with the tax aspects of complex transactions and high net worth individuals in connection with tax and business planning.
Helen Frame Peters . Ms. Peters has served as a Trustee in the Eaton Vance Group of Funds since 2008. She is currently a Professor of Finance at Carroll School of Management, Boston College and was formerly Dean of Carroll School of Management from 2000-2002. Ms. Peters was previously a Director of BJs Wholesale Club, Inc. from 2004-2011. In addition, Ms. Peters was the Chief Investment Officer, Fixed Income at Scudder Kemper Investments from 1998-1999 and Chief Investment Officer, Equity and Fixed Income at Colonial Management Associates from 1991-1998. Ms. Peters also served as a Trustee of SPDR Index Shares Funds and SPDR Series Trust from 2000-2009 and as a Director of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston from 2007-2009.
Lynn A. Stout . Ms. Stout has served as a Trustee in the Eaton Vance Group of Funds since 1998 and is the Chairperson of the Governance Committee. She has been a Distinguished Professor of Corporate and Business Law at the Cornell University Law School since 2012. Previously, Ms. Stout was the Paul Hastings Professor of Corporate and Securities Law from 2006-2012 and Professor of Law from 2001-2006 at the University of California at Los Angeles School of Law.
Harriett Tee Taggart . Ms. Taggart has served as a Trustee in the Eaton Vance Group of Funds since 2011. She currently manages a professional practice, Taggart Associates. Since 2007, Ms. Taggart has been a Director of Albermarle Corporation, a specialty chemical company where she also serves as Chair of the Audit Committee and member of the Nomination and Governance Committee. Since 2009 she has served as a Director of the Hanover Insurance Group, Inc. where she also serves as member of the Audit Committee. Ms. Taggart is also a trustee or member of several major non-profit boards, advisory committees and endowment investment companies. From 1983 through 2006, Ms. Taggart served in several capacities at Wellington Management Company, LLP, an investment management firm, including as a Partner, Senior Vice President and chemical industry sector portfolio manager. Ms. Taggart also served as a Director of the Lubrizol Corporation, a specialty chemicals manufacturer from 2007-2011.
Ralph F. Verni . Mr. Verni has served as a Trustee in the Eaton Vance Group of Funds since 2005 and is the Independent Chairperson of the Board and the Chairperson of the Contract Review Committee. Mr. Verni was formerly the Chief Investment Officer (from 1982-1992), Chief Financial Officer (from 1988-1990) and Director (from 1982-1992) of New England Life. Mr. Verni was also the Chairperson of the New England Mutual Funds from 1982-1992; President and Chief Executive Officer of State Street Management & Research from 1992-2000; Chairperson of the State Street Research Mutual Funds from 1992-2000; Director of W.P. Carey, LLC from 1998-2004; and Director of First Pioneer Farm Credit Corp. from 2002-2006. Mr. Verni has been a Chartered Financial Analyst since 1977.
The Board of Trustees of the Trust have several standing Committees, including the Governance Committee, the Audit Committee, the Portfolio Management Committee, the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee and the Contract Review Committee. Each of the Committees are comprised of only noninterested Trustees.
Mmes. Stout (Chair ), Peters and Taggart , and Messrs . Eston, Esty, Freedman, Park, Pearlman and Verni are members of the Governance Committee. The purpose of the Governance Committee is to consider, evaluate and make recommendations to the Board of Trustees with respect to the structure, membership and operation of the Board of Trustees and the Committees thereof, including the nomination and selection of noninterested Trustees and a Chairperson of the Board of Trustees and the compensation of such persons. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012 , the Governance Committee convened eight times.
The Governance Committee will, when a vacancy exists or is anticipated, consider any nominee for noninterested Trustee recommended by a shareholder if such recommendation is submitted in writing to the Governance Committee, contains sufficient background information concerning the candidate, including evidence the candidate is willing to serve as a noninterested Trustee if selected for the position, and is received in a sufficiently timely manner.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
13
SAI dated August 1, 2012
Messrs. Park (Chair ), Eston and Verni, and Mmes. Peters and Stout are members of the Audit Committee. The Board of Trustees has designated Mr. Park, a noninterested Trustee, as audit committee financial expert. The Audit Committees purposes are to (i) oversee each Funds accounting and financial reporting processes, its internal control over financial reporting, and, as appropriate, the internal control over financial reporting of certain service providers; (ii) oversee or, as appropriate, assist Board oversight of the quality and integrity of each Funds financial statements and the independent audit thereof; (iii) oversee, or, as appropriate, assist Board oversight of, each Funds compliance with legal and regulatory requirements that relate to each Funds accounting and financial reporting, internal control over financial reporting and independent audits; (iv) approve prior to appointment the engagement and, when appropriate, replacement of the independent registered public accounting firm, and, if applicable, nominate the independent registered public accounting firm to be proposed for shareholder ratification in any proxy statement of a Fund; (v) evaluate the qualifications, independence and performance of the independent registered public accounting firm and the audit partner in charge of leading the audit; and (vi) prepare, as necessary, audit committee reports consistent with the requirements of applicable SEC and stock exchange rules for inclusion in the proxy statement of a Fund. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012 , the Audit Committee convened eighteen times.
Messrs. Verni (Chair), Esty, Freedman, Park and Pearlman, and Mmes . Peters and Taggart are currently members of the Contract Review Committee. The purposes of the Contract Review Committee are to consider, evaluate and make recommendations to the Board of Trustees concerning the following matters: (i) contractual arrangements with each service provider to the Funds, including advisory, sub-advisory, transfer agency, custodial and fund accounting, distribution services and administrative services; (ii) any and all other matters in which any service provider (including Eaton Vance or any affiliated entity thereof) has an actual or potential conflict of interest with the interests of the Funds or investors therein; and (iii) any other matter appropriate for review by the noninterested Trustees, unless the matter is within the responsibilities of the other Committees of the Board of Trustees. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012 , the Contract Review Committee convened ten times.
Messrs. Esty (Chair) and Freedman, and Mmes . Peters and Taggart are currently members of the Portfolio Management Committee. The purposes of the Portfolio Management Committee are to: (i) assist the Board of Trustees in its oversight of the portfolio management process employed by the Funds and their investment adviser and sub-adviser(s), if applicable, relative to the Funds stated objective(s), strategies and restrictions; (ii) assist the Board of Trustees in its oversight of the trading policies and procedures and risk management techniques applicable to the Funds; and (iii) assist the Board of Trustees in its monitoring of the performance results of all funds and portfolios, giving special attention to the performance of certain funds and portfolios that it or the Board of Trustees identifies from time to time. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012 , the Portfolio Management Committee convened eight times.
Messrs. Pearlman (Chair) and Eston , and Ms. Stout are currently members of the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee. The purposes of the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee are to: (i) assist the Board of Trustees in its oversight role with respect to compliance issues and certain other regulatory matters affecting the Funds; (ii) serve as a liaison between the Board of Trustees and the Funds CCO; and (iii) serve as a qualified legal compliance committee within the rules promulgated by the SEC. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012 , the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee convened twelve times.
Share Ownership. The following table shows the dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned by each Trustee in each Fund and in all Eaton Vance Funds overseen by the Trustee as of December 31, 2011 .
|
Dollar Range of Equity Securities Owned by |
|||||||||
Fund Name |
Scott E.
|
Benjamin C.
|
Thomas E
|
Allen R.
|
William H.
|
Ronald A.
|
Helen Frame
|
Lynn A.
|
Harriett Tee
|
Ralph F.
|
AMT-Free Fund |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
Massachusetts Fund |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
National Fund |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
New York Fund |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
Pennsylvania Fund |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities Owned in all Registered Funds Overseen by Trustee in the Eaton Vance Family of Funds |
None |
over $100,000 |
over $100,000 |
over $100,000 |
over $100,000 |
over $100,000 |
over $100,000 |
over $100,000 (3) |
None |
over $100,000 |
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
15
SAI dated August 1, 2012
(1)
Interested Trustee.
(2)
Noninterested Trustees.
(3)
Includes shares which may be deemed to be beneficially owned through the Trustee Deferred Compensation Plan.
(4)
Mr. Eston and Ms. Taggart became Trustees effective September 1, 2011.
As of December 31, 2011 , no noninterested Trustee or any of their immediate family members owned beneficially or of record any class of securities of EVC, EVD or any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD.
During the calendar years ended December 31, 2010 and December 31, 2011 , no noninterested Trustee (or their immediate family members) had:
(1) |
Any direct or indirect interest in Eaton Vance, EVC, EVD or any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD; |
(2) |
Any direct or indirect material interest in any transaction or series of similar transactions with (i) the Trust or any Fund; (ii) another fund managed by EVC, distributed by EVD or a person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD; (iii) EVC or EVD; (iv) a person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD; or (v) an officer of any of the above; or |
(3) |
Any direct or indirect relationship with (i) the Trust or any Fund; (ii) another fund managed by EVC, distributed by EVD or a person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD; (iii) EVC or EVD; (iv) a person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD; or (v) an officer of any of the above. |
During the calendar years ended December 31, 2010 and December 31, 2011 , no officer of EVC, EVD or any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD served on the Board of Directors of a company where a noninterested Trustee of the Trust or any of their immediate family members served as an officer.
Noninterested Trustees may elect to defer receipt of all or a percentage of their annual fees in accordance with the terms of a Trustees Deferred Compensation Plan (the Trustees Plan). Under the Trustees Plan, an eligible Trustee may elect to have his or her deferred fees invested in the shares of one or more funds in the Eaton Vance Family of Funds, and the amount paid to the Trustees under the Trustees Plan will be determined based upon the performance of such investments. Deferral of Trustees fees in accordance with the Trustees Plan will have a negligible effect on the assets, liabilities, and net income of a participating fund or portfolio, and do not require that a participating Trustee be retained. There is no retirement plan for Trustees.
The fees and expenses of the Trustees of the Trust are paid by the Funds. (A Trustee of the Trust who is a member of the Eaton Vance organization receives no compensation from the Trust.) During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012 , the Trustees of the Trust earned the following compensation in their capacities as Trustees from the Trust. For the year ended December 31, 2011 , the Trustees earned the following compensation in their capacities as Trustees of the funds in the Eaton Vance fund complex (1) :
Source of Compensation |
Scott E.
|
Benjamin C.
|
Allen R.
|
William H.
|
Ronald A.
|
Helen Frame
|
Lynn A.
|
Harriett Tee
|
Ralph F.
|
Trust (2) |
$ 2,165 |
$ 4,653 |
$ 4,385 |
$ 4,653 |
$ 4,653 |
$ 4,295 |
$ 4,653 |
$ 2,165 |
$ 6,442 |
Trust and Fund Complex (1) |
$ 232,500 |
$ 252,500 |
$ 237,500 |
$ 252,500 |
$ 252,500 |
$ 232,500 |
$ 252,500(3) |
$ 232,500 |
$ 351,250(4) |
(1)
As of August 1, 2012 , the Eaton Vance fund complex consists of 182 registered investment companies or series thereof. Heidi L. Steiger resigned as a Trustee effective November 29, 2010. For the calendar year ended December 31, 2011, Ms. Steiger received $ 35 ,000 from the Trust and Fund Complex. Mr. Eston and Ms. Taggart became Trustees effective September 1, 2011, and thus the compensation figures listed for the Trust and Trust and Fund Complex are estimated based on amounts each would have received if they had been Trustees for the full fiscal year and 2011 calendar year
(2)
The Trust consisted of 5 Funds as of March 31, 2012 .
(3)
Includes $45,000 of deferred compensation.
(4)
Includes $ 171,250 of deferred compensation.
Organization. Each Fund is a series of the Trust, which was organized under Massachusetts law on October 23, 1985 and is operated as an open-end management investment company. The Trust may issue an unlimited number of shares of
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
16
SAI dated August 1, 2012
beneficial interest (no par value per share) in one or more series (such as a Fund). The Trustees of the Trust have divided the shares of each Fund into multiple classes. Each class represents an interest in a Fund, but is subject to different expenses, rights and privileges. The Trustees have the authority under the Declaration of Trust to create additional classes of shares with differing rights and privileges. When issued and outstanding, shares are fully paid and nonassessable by the Trust. Shareholders are entitled to one vote for each full share held. Fractional shares may be voted proportionately. Shares of a Fund will be voted together except that only shareholders of a particular class may vote on matters affecting only that class. Shares have no preemptive or conversion rights and are freely transferable. In the event of the liquidation of a Fund, shareholders of each class are entitled to share pro rata in the net assets attributable to that class available for distribution to shareholders.
As permitted by Massachusetts law, there will normally be no meetings of shareholders for the purpose of electing Trustees unless and until such time as less than a majority of the Trustees of the Trust holding office have been elected by shareholders. In such an event the Trustees then in office will call a shareholders meeting for the election of Trustees. Except for the foregoing circumstances and unless removed by action of the shareholders in accordance with the Trusts By-laws, the Trustees shall continue to hold office and may appoint successor Trustees. The Trusts By-laws provide that no person shall serve as a Trustee if shareholders holding two-thirds of the outstanding shares have removed him or her from that office either by a written declaration filed with the Trusts custodian or by votes cast at a meeting called for that purpose. The By-laws further provide that under certain circumstances the shareholders may call a meeting to remove a Trustee and that the Trust is required to provide assistance in communication with shareholders about such a meeting.
The Trusts Declaration of Trust may be amended by the Trustees when authorized by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust, the financial interests of which are affected by the amendment. The Trustees may also amend the Declaration of Trust without the vote or consent of shareholders to change the name of the Trust or any series or to make such other changes (such as reclassifying series or classes of shares or restructuring the Trust) as do not have a materially adverse effect on the financial interests of shareholders or if they deem it necessary to conform it to applicable federal or state laws or regulations. The Trusts By-laws provide that the Trust will indemnify its Trustees and officers against liabilities and expenses incurred in connection with any litigation or proceeding in which they may be involved because of their offices with the Trust. However, no indemnification will be provided to any Trustee or officer for any liability to the Trust or shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office.
The Trust or any series or class thereof may be terminated by: (1) the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than two-thirds of the shares outstanding and entitled to vote at any meeting of shareholders of the Trust or the appropriate series or class thereof, or by an instrument or instruments in writing without a meeting, consented to by the holders of two-thirds of the shares of the Trust or a series or class thereof, provided, however, that, if such termination is recommended by the Trustees, the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust or a series or class thereof entitled to vote thereon shall be sufficient authorization; or (2) by the approval of a majority of the Trustees then in office , to be followed by a written notice to shareholders.
Under Massachusetts law, if certain conditions prevail, shareholders of a Massachusetts business trust (such as the Trust) could be deemed to have personal liability for the obligations of the Trust. Numerous investment companies registered under the 1940 Act have been formed as Massachusetts business trusts, and management is not aware of an instance where such liability has been imposed. The Trusts Declaration of Trust contains an express disclaimer of liability on the part of Fund shareholders and the Trusts By-laws provide that the Trust shall assume the defense on behalf of any Fund shareholders. The Declaration of Trust also contains provisions limiting the liability of a series or class to that series or class. Moreover, the Trusts By-laws also provide for indemnification out of Fund property of any shareholder held personally liable solely by reason of being or having been a shareholder for all loss or expense arising from such liability. The assets of each Fund are readily marketable and will ordinarily substantially exceed its liabilities. In light of the nature of each Funds business and the nature of its assets, management believes that the possibility of the Funds liability exceeding its assets, and therefore the shareholders risk of personal liability, is remote.
Proxy Voting Policy. The Board of Trustees of the Trust has adopted a proxy voting policy and procedures (the Fund Policy), pursuant to which the Trustees have delegated proxy voting responsibility to the investment adviser and adopted the proxy voting policies and procedures of the investment adviser (the Policies). An independent proxy voting service has been retained to assist in the voting of Fund proxies through the provision of vote analysis, implementation and recordkeeping and disclosure services. The Trustees will review each Funds proxy voting records from time to time and will annually consider approving the Policies for the upcoming year. For a copy of the Fund Policy and Adviser Policies, see Appendix G and Appendix H, respectively. Pursuant to certain provisions of the 1940 Act and certain exemptive orders relating to funds investing in other funds, a Fund or Portfolio may be required or may elect to vote its interest in another fund in the same proportion as the holders
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
17
SAI dated August 1, 2012
of all other shares of that fund. Information on how each Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 is available (1) without charge, upon request, by calling 1-800-262-1122, and (2) on the SECs website at http://www.sec.gov.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES
Investment Advisory Services. The investment adviser manages the investments and affairs of each Fund and provides related office facilities and personnel subject to the supervision of the Trusts Board of Trustees. The investment adviser furnishes investment research, advice and supervision, furnishes an investment program and determines what securities will be purchased, held or sold by each Fund and what portion, if any, of the Funds assets will be held uninvested. The Investment Advisory Agreement on behalf of the Funds requires the investment adviser to pay the salaries and fees of all officers and Trustees of the Trust who are members of the investment adviser's organization and all personnel of the investment adviser performing services relating to research and investment activities.
For a description of the compensation that each Fund pays the investment adviser, see the Prospectus. The following table sets forth the net assets of each Fund and the advisory fees for the three fiscal years ended March 31, 2012 .
|
|
Advisory Fee for Fiscal Years Ended |
||
Fund |
Net Assets at 3/31/12 |
3/31/12 |
3/31/11 |
3/31/10 |
AMT-Free |
$ 65,844,128 |
$ 279,852 |
$ 312,920 |
$ 272,906 |
Massachusetts |
62,232,309 |
243,943 |
277,184 |
272,065 |
National |
725,309,139 |
2,902,800 |
2,940,430 |
2,994,694 |
New York |
88,472,676 |
375,101 |
430,568 |
425,115 |
Pennsylvania |
57,617,909 |
248,841 |
282,245 |
256,304 |
Each Investment Advisory Agreement with the investment adviser continues in effect from year to year so long as such continuance is approved at least annually (i) by the vote of a majority of the noninterested Trustees of the Trust cast in person at a meeting specifically called for the purpose of voting on such approval and (ii) by the Board of Trustees of the Trust or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund. Each Agreement may be terminated at any time without penalty on sixty (60) days written notice by the Board of Trustees of either party, or by vote of the majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund, and each Agreement will terminate automatically in the event of its assignment. Each Agreement provides that the investment adviser may render services to others. Each Agreement also provides that the investment adviser shall not be liable for any loss incurred in connection with the performance of its duties, or action taken or omitted under the Agreement, in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of its obligations and duties thereunder, or for any losses sustained in the acquisition, holding or disposition of any security or other investment.
Information About BMR and Eaton Vance. BMR and Eaton Vance are business trusts organized under the laws of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts. EV serves as trustee of BMR and Eaton Vance. EV and Eaton Vance are wholly-owned subsidiaries of EVC, a Maryland corporation and publicly-held holding company. BMR is an indirect subsidiary of EVC. EVC through its subsidiaries and affiliates engages primarily in investment management, administration and marketing activities. The Directors of EVC are Thomas E. Faust Jr., Ann E. Berman, Leo I. Higdon, Jr., Dorothy E. Puhy, Duncan W. Richardson, Winthrop H. Smith, Jr. and Richard A. Spillane, Jr. All shares of the outstanding Voting Common Stock of EVC are deposited in a Voting Trust, the Voting Trustees of which are Mr. Faust, Jeffrey P. Beale, Daniel C. Cataldo, Cynthia J. Clemson, Maureen A. Gemma , Laurie G. Hylton , Brian D. Langstraat, Michael R. Mach, Frederick S. Marius, David C. McCabe, Thomas M. Metzold, Scott H. Page, Mr. Richardson, Walter A. Row, III, Judith A. Saryan, David M. Stein, Payson F. Swaffield, Mark S. Venezia, Michael W. Weilheimer and Matthew J. Witkos (all of whom are officers of Eaton Vance or its affiliates). The Voting Trustees have unrestricted voting rights for the election of Directors of EVC. All of the outstanding voting trust receipts issued under said Voting Trust are owned by certain of the officers of BMR and Eaton Vance who may also be officers, or officers and Directors of EVC and EV. As indicated under Management and Organization, all of the officers of the Trust (as well as Mr. Faust who is also a Trustee) hold positions in the Eaton Vance organization.
Code of Ethics. The investment adviser, principal underwriter, and each Fund have adopted Codes of Ethics governing personal securities transactions. Under the Codes, employees of the investment adviser and the principal underwriter may purchase and sell securities (including securities held or eligible for purchase by a Fund) subject to the provisions of the Codes and certain employees are also subject to pre-clearance, reporting requirements and other procedures.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
18
SAI dated August 1, 2012
Portfolio Managers. The portfolio managers (each referred to as a portfolio manager) of each Fund is listed below. Each portfolio manager manages other investment companies and/or investment accounts in addition to a Fund. The following table shows , as of the Funds most recent fiscal year end, the number of accounts each portfolio manager managed in each of the listed categories and the total assets (in millions of dollars) in the accounts managed within each category. The table also shows the number of accounts with respect to which the advisory fee is based on the performance of the account, if any, and the total assets (in millions of dollars) in those accounts.
|
Number of
|
Total Assets of
|
Number of Accounts
|
Total Assets of Accounts
|
William H. Ahern |
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
13 |
$ 2,428.8 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$ 0 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Other Accounts (1) |
1 |
$ 22.3 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Craig R. Brandon |
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
13 |
$ 1,345.2 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$ 0 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Other Accounts |
0 |
$ 0 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Adam A. Weigold |
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
12 |
$ 1,069.1 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$ 0 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Other Accounts (1) |
1 |
$ 22.3 |
0 |
$ 0 |
(1)
For “ Other Accounts ” that are part of a wrap account program, the number of accounts cited includes the number of sponsors for which the portfolio manager provides management services rather than the number of individual customer accounts within each wrap account program.
The following table shows the dollar range of shares of a Fund beneficially owned by its portfolio manager(s) as of the Funds most recent fiscal year ended March 31, 2012 and in the Eaton Vance Family of Funds as of December 31, 2011 . The purpose of each state Fund is to provide tax-exempt income to persons subject to taxation in that particular state. In most cases, a Funds portfolio manager is not subject to such taxation. In addition, in most cases, each state Funds shares are not registered for sale in the state of the portfolio managers residence.
Fund Name and
|
Dollar Range of Equity Securities
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity
|
AMT-Free Fund |
|
|
Craig R. Brandon |
None |
$ 500,001-$1,000,000 |
Massachusetts Fund |
|
|
William H. Ahern |
None |
$ 500,001-$1,000,000 |
National Fund |
|
|
William H. Ahern |
None |
$ 500,001-$1,000,000 |
New York Fund |
|
|
William H. Ahern |
None |
$ 500,001-$1,000,000 |
Pennsylvania Fund |
|
|
Adam A. Weigold |
None |
$ 100,001-$500,000 |
It is possible that conflicts of interest may arise in connection with a portfolio manager ’ s management of a Fund ’ s investments on the one hand and the investments of other accounts for which the portfolio manager is responsible on the other. For example, a portfolio manager may have conflicts of interest in allocating management time, resources and investment opportunities among
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
19
SAI dated August 1, 2012
the Fund and other accounts he advises. In addition, due to differences in the investment strategies or restrictions between a Fund and the other accounts, a portfolio manager may take action with respect to another account that differs from the action taken with respect to the Fund. In some cases, another account managed by a portfolio manager may compensate the investment adviser based on the performance of the securities held by that account. The existence of such a performance based fee may create additional conflicts of interest for the portfolio manager in the allocation of management time, resources and investment opportunities. Whenever conflicts of interest arise, the portfolio manager will endeavor to exercise his discretion in a manner that he believes is equitable to all interested persons. The investment adviser has adopted several policies and procedures designed to address these potential conflicts including a code of ethics and policies which govern the investment advisers trading practices, including among other things the aggregation and allocation of trades among clients, brokerage allocation, cross trades and best execution.
Compensation Structure for BMR. Compensation of the investment advisers portfolio managers and other investment professionals has three primary components: (1) a base salary, (2) an annual cash bonus, and (3) annual stock-based compensation consisting of options to purchase shares of EVCs nonvoting common stock and restricted shares of EVCs nonvoting common stock. The investment advisers investment professionals also receive certain retirement, insurance and other benefits that are broadly available to the investment advisers employees. Compensation of the investment advisers investment professionals is reviewed primarily on an annual basis. Cash bonuses, stock-based compensation awards, and adjustments in base salary are typically paid or put into effect at or shortly after the October 31st fiscal year end of EVC.
Method to Determine Compensation. The investment adviser compensates its portfolio managers based primarily on the scale and complexity of their portfolio responsibilities and the total return performance of managed funds and accounts versus the benchmark(s) stated in the prospectus, as well as an appropriate peer group (as described below). In addition to rankings within peer groups of funds on the basis of absolute performance, consideration may also be given to relative risk-adjusted performance. Risk-adjusted performance measures include, but are not limited to, the Sharpe ratio. Performance is normally based on periods ending on the September 30th preceding fiscal year end. Fund performance is normally evaluated primarily versus peer groups of funds as determined by Lipper Inc. and/or Morningstar, Inc. When a funds peer group as determined by Lipper or Morningstar is deemed by the investment advisers management not to provide a fair comparison, performance may instead be evaluated primarily against a custom peer group or market index. In evaluating the performance of a fund and its manager, primary emphasis is normally placed on three-year performance, with secondary consideration of performance over longer and shorter periods. For funds that are tax-managed or otherwise have an objective of after-tax returns, performance is measured net of taxes. For other funds, performance is evaluated on a pre-tax basis. For funds with an investment objective other than total return (such as current income), consideration will also be given to the funds success in achieving its objective. For managers responsible for multiple funds and accounts, investment performance is evaluated on an aggregate basis, based on averages or weighted averages among managed funds and accounts. Funds and accounts that have performance-based advisory fees are not accorded disproportionate weightings in measuring aggregate portfolio manager performance.
The compensation of portfolio managers with other job responsibilities (such as heading an investment group or providing analytical support to other portfolios) will include consideration of the scope of such responsibilities and the managers performance in meeting them.
The investment adviser seeks to compensate portfolio managers commensurate with their responsibilities and performance, and competitive with other firms within the investment management industry. The investment adviser participates in investment-industry compensation surveys and utilizes survey data as a factor in determining salary, bonus and stock-based compensation levels for portfolio managers and other investment professionals. Salaries, bonuses and stock-based compensation are also influenced by the operating performance of the investment adviser and its parent company. The overall annual cash bonus pool is generally based on a substantially fixed percentage of pre-bonus adjusted operating income. While the salaries of the investment advisers portfolio managers are comparatively fixed, cash bonuses and stock-based compensation may fluctuate significantly from year to year, based on changes in manager performance and other factors as described herein. For a high performing portfolio manager, cash bonuses and stock-based compensation may represent a substantial portion of total compensation.
Administrative Services. As indicated in the Prospectus, Eaton Vance serves as administrator of each Fund, but currently receives no compensation for providing administrative services to the Fund. Under the Agreement, Eaton Vance has been engaged to administer each Funds affairs, subject to the supervision of the Trustees of the Trust, and shall furnish office space and all necessary office facilities, equipment and personnel for administering the affairs of each Fund.
Sub-Transfer Agency Services. Eaton Vance also serves as sub-transfer agent for each Fund. As sub-transfer agent, Eaton Vance performs the following services directly on behalf of a Fund: (1) provides call center services to financial intermediaries
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and shareholders; (2) answers written inquiries related to shareholder accounts (matters relating to portfolio management, distribution of shares and other management policy questions will be referred to a Fund); (3) furnishes an SAI to any shareholder who requests one in writing or by telephone from a Fund; and (4) processes transaction requests received via telephone. For the sub-transfer agency services it provides, Eaton Vance receives an aggregate annual fee equal to the lesser of $2.5 million or the actual expenses incurred by Eaton Vance in the performance of those services. This fee is paid to Eaton Vance by a Funds transfer agent from fees it receives from the Eaton Vance funds. Each Fund pays a pro rata share of such fee. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012 , the transfer agent accrued for or paid the following to Eaton Vance for sub-transfer agency services performed on behalf of each Fund:
AMT-Free Fund |
Massachusetts Fund |
National Fund |
New York Fund |
Pennsylvania Fund |
$ 1,010 |
$ 1,392 |
$ 8,311 |
$ 2,102 |
$ 1,946 |
Expenses. Each Fund is responsible for all expenses not expressly stated to be payable by another party (such as expenses required to be paid pursuant to an agreement with the investment adviser, the principal underwriter or the administrator). In the case of expenses incurred by the Trust, each Fund is responsible for its pro rata share of those expenses. The only expenses of a Fund allocated to a particular class are those incurred under the Distribution Plan applicable to that class (if any) and certain other class-specific expenses.
OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS
Principal Underwriter. Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc. (EVD), Two International Place, Boston, MA 02110 is the principal underwriter of each Fund. The principal underwriter acts as principal in selling shares under a Distribution Agreement with the Trust. The expenses of printing copies of prospectuses used to offer shares and other selling literature and of advertising are borne by the principal underwriter. The fees and expenses of qualifying and registering and maintaining qualifications and registrations of a Fund and its shares under federal and state securities laws are borne by the Fund. The Distribution Agreement is renewable annually by the Trusts Board of Trustees (including a majority of the noninterested Trustees who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Distribution Agreement or any applicable Distribution Plan), may be terminated on sixty days notice either by such Trustees or by vote of a majority of the outstanding Fund shares or on six months notice by the principal underwriter and is automatically terminated upon assignment. The principal underwriter distributes shares on a best efforts basis under which it is required to take and pay for only such shares as may be sold. EVD is a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of EVC. Mr. Faust is a Director of EVD.
Custodian. State Street Bank and Trust Company (State Street), 200 Clarendon Street, Boston, MA 02116, serves as custodian to each Fund. State Street has custody of all cash and securities of a Fund, maintains the general ledger of each Fund and computes the daily net asset value of shares of each Fund. In such capacity it attends to details in connection with the sale, exchange, substitution, transfer or other dealings with each Funds investments, receives and disburses all funds and performs various other ministerial duties upon receipt of proper instructions from the Trust. State Street provides services in connection with the preparation of shareholder reports and the electronic filing of such reports with the SEC. EVC and its affiliates and their officers and employees from time to time have transactions with various banks, including State Street. It is Eaton Vances opinion that the terms and conditions of such transactions were not and will not be influenced by existing or potential custodial or other relationships between each Fund and such banks.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. Deloitte & Touche LLP, 200 Berkeley Street, Boston, MA 02116, is the independent registered public accounting firm of each Fund, providing audit and related services, assistance and consultation with respect to the preparation of filings with the SEC.
Transfer Agent. BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc., P.O. Box 9653, Providence, RI 02940-9653, serves as transfer and dividend disbursing agent for each Fund.
CALCULATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
The net asset value of the Fund is determined by State Street (as agent and custodian) by subtracting the liabilities of the Fund from the value of its total assets. The Fund is closed for business and will not issue a net asset value on the following business holidays and any other business day that the New York Stock Exchange (the Exchange) is closed: New Years Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day.
The Board of Trustees has approved procedures pursuant to which investments are valued for purposes of determining the Funds net asset value. Listed below is a summary of the methods generally used to value investments (some or all of which may be held by the Fund) under the procedures.
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·
Equity securities (including common stock, exchange traded funds, closed end funds, preferred equity securities, exchange traded notes and other instruments that trade on recognized stock exchanges) are valued at the last sale, official close or if there are no reported sales at the mean between the bid and asked price on the primary exchange on which they are traded.
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Most debt obligations are valued on the basis of market valuations furnished by a pricing service or at the mean of the bid and asked prices provided by recognized broker/dealers of such securities. The pricing service may use a pricing matrix to determine valuation.
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Short-term obligations and money market securities maturing in sixty days or less typically are valued at amortized cost which approximates value.
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Foreign securities and currencies are valued in U.S. dollars based on foreign currency exchange quotations supplied by a pricing service.
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Senior and Junior Loans are valued on the basis of prices furnished by a pricing service. The pricing service uses transactions and market quotations from brokers in determining values.
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Most seasoned fixed-rate 30 year MBS are valued by Eaton Vance using a matrix pricing system, which takes into account bond prices, yield differentials, anticipated prepayments and interest rates provided by dealers.
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Futures contracts are valued at the settlement or closing price on the primary exchange or board of trade on which they are traded.
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Exchange-traded options are valued at the mean of the bid and asked prices. Over-the-counter options are valued based on quotations obtained from a pricing service or from a broker (typically the counterparty to the option).
·
Non-exchange traded derivatives (including swap agreements, forward contracts and equity participation notes) are generally valued on the basis of valuations provided by a pricing service or using quotes provided by a broker/dealer (typically the counterparty).
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Precious metals are valued are valued at the New York Composite mean quotation.
·
Liabilities with a payment or maturity date of 364 days or less are stated at their principal value and longer dated liabilities generally will be carried at their fair value.
·
Valuations of foreign equity securities may be adjusted from prices in effect at the close of trading on foreign exchanges to more accurately reflect their fair value as of the close of regular trading on the Exchange. Such fair valuations may be based on information provided by a pricing service.
Investments which are unable to be valued in accordance with the foregoing methodologies are valued at fair value using methods determined in good faith by or at the direction of the Trustees. Such methods may include consideration of relevant factors, including but not limited to (i) the type of security, the existence of any contractual restrictions on the securitys disposition, (ii) the price and extent of public trading in similar securities of the issuer or of comparable companies or entities, (iii) quotations or relevant information obtained from broker-dealers or other market participants, (iv) information obtained from the issuer, analysts, and/or the appropriate stock exchange (for exchange-traded securities), (v) an analysis of the companys or entitys financial condition, (vi) an evaluation of the forces that influence the issuer and the market(s) in which the security is purchased and sold. (vii) an analysis of the terms of any transaction involving the issuer of such securities; and (viii) any other factors deemed relevant by the investment adviser. The portfolio managers of one Eaton Vance fund that invests in Senior and Junior Loans may not possess the same information about a Senior or Junior Loan as the portfolio managers of another Eaton Vance fund. As such, at times the fair value of a Loan determined by certain Eaton Vance portfolio managers may vary from the fair value of the same Loan determined by other portfolio managers.
PURCHASING AND REDEEMING SHARES
Additional Information About Purchases. Fund shares are offered for sale only in states where they are registered. Fund shares are continuously offered through financial intermediaries which have entered into agreements with the principal underwriter. Shares of a Fund are sold at the offering price, which is the net asset value plus the initial sales charge, if any. The Fund receives the net asset value. The principal underwriter receives the sales charge, all or a portion of which may be reallowed to the financial intermediaries responsible for selling Fund shares. The sales charge table in the Prospectus is applicable to purchases of a Fund alone or in combination with purchases of certain other funds offered by the principal underwriter, made at
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a single time by (i) an individual, or an individual, his or her spouse and their children under the age of twenty-one, purchasing shares for his or their own account, and (ii) a trustee or other fiduciary purchasing shares for a single trust estate or a single fiduciary account. The table is also presently applicable to (1) purchases of Class A shares pursuant to a written Statement of Intention; or (2) purchases of Class A shares pursuant to the Right of Accumulation and declared as such at the time of purchase. See Sales Charges.
In connection with employee benefit or other continuous group purchase plans, a Fund may accept initial investments of less than the minimum investment amount on the part of an individual participant. In the event a shareholder who is a participant of such a plan terminates participation in the plan, his or her shares will be transferred to a regular individual account. However, such account will be subject to the right of redemption by a Fund as described below.
Class I Share Purchases. Class I shares are available for purchase by clients of financial intermediaries who (i) charge such clients an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services, or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class I shares through a no-load network or platform. Such clients may include individuals, corporations, endowments, foundations and qualified plans (including tax-deferred retirement plans and profit sharing plans). Class I shares also are offered to investment and institutional clients of Eaton Vance and its affiliates; certain persons affiliated with Eaton Vance and certain Fund service providers; current and retired Directors and Trustees of Eaton Vance funds; employees of Eaton Vance and its affiliates and such persons spouses, parents, siblings and lineal descendants and their beneficial accounts.
Suspension of Sales. The Trust may, in its absolute discretion, suspend, discontinue or limit the offering of one or more of its classes of shares at any time. In determining whether any such action should be taken, the Trusts management intends to consider all relevant factors, including (without limitation) the size of a Fund or class, the investment climate and market conditions, the volume of sales and redemptions of shares, and (if applicable) the amount of uncovered distribution charges of the principal underwriter. The Class A, Class B and Class C Distribution Plans may continue in effect and payments may be made under the Plans following any such suspension, discontinuance or limitation of the offering of shares; however, there is no contractual obligation to continue any Plan for any particular period of time. Suspension of the offering of shares would not, of course, affect a shareholders ability to redeem shares.
Additional Information About Redemptions. The right to redeem shares of a Fund can be suspended and the payment of the redemption price deferred when the Exchange is closed (other than for customary weekend and holiday closings), during periods when trading on the Exchange is restricted as determined by the SEC, or during any emergency as determined by the SEC which makes it impracticable for a Fund to dispose of its securities or value its assets, or during any other period permitted by order of the SEC for the protection of investors.
Due to the high cost of maintaining small accounts, the Trust reserves the right to redeem accounts with balances of less than $750. Prior to such a redemption, shareholders will be given 60 days written notice to make an additional purchase. However, no such redemption would be required by the Trust if the cause of the low account balance was a reduction in the net asset value of shares. No CDSC or redemption fees, if applicable, will be imposed with respect to such involuntary redemptions.
While normally payments will be made in cash for redeemed shares, the Trust, subject to compliance with applicable regulations, has reserved the right to pay the redemption price of shares of a Fund, either totally or partially, by a distribution in kind of readily marketable securities. The securities so distributed would be valued pursuant to the valuation procedures described in this SAI. If a shareholder received a distribution in kind, the shareholder could incur brokerage or other charges in converting the securities to cash.
Systematic Withdrawal Plan. The transfer agent will send to the shareholder regular monthly or quarterly payments of any permitted amount designated by the shareholder based upon the value of the shares held. The checks will be drawn from share redemptions and hence, may require the recognition of taxable gain or loss. Income dividends and capital gains distributions in connection with withdrawal plan accounts will be credited at net asset value as of the record date for each distribution. Continued withdrawals in excess of current income will eventually use up principal, particularly in a period of declining market prices. A shareholder may not have a withdrawal plan in effect at the same time he or she has authorized Bank Automated Investing or is otherwise making regular purchases of Fund shares. The shareholder, the transfer agent or the principal underwriter may terminate the withdrawal plan at any time without penalty.
Other Information. A Fund ’ s net asset value per share is normally rounded to two decimal places. In certain situations (such as a merger, share split or a purchase or sale of shares that represents a significant portion of a share class), the administrator may determine to extend the calculation of the net asset value per share to additional decimal places to ensure that neither the value of the Fund nor a shareholders shares is diluted materially as the result of a purchase or sale or other transaction.
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SALES CHARGES
Dealer Commissions. The principal underwriter may, from time to time, at its own expense, provide additional incentives to financial intermediaries which employ registered representatives who sell Fund shares and/or shares of other funds distributed by the principal underwriter. In some instances, such additional incentives may be offered only to certain financial intermediaries whose representatives sell or are expected to sell significant amounts of shares. In addition, the principal underwriter may from time to time increase or decrease the sales commissions payable to financial intermediaries. The principal underwriter may allow, upon notice to all financial intermediaries with whom it has agreements, discounts up to the full sales charge during the periods specified in the notice. During periods when the discount includes the full sales charge, such financial intermediaries may be deemed to be underwriters as that term is defined in the 1933 Act.
Purchases at Net Asset Value. Class A shares may be sold at net asset value to current and retired Directors and Trustees of Eaton Vance funds and portfolios; to clients (including custodial, agency, advisory and trust accounts) and current and retired officers and employees of Eaton Vance, its affiliates and other investment advisers and sub-advisers of Eaton Vance sponsored funds; and to such persons spouses, parents, siblings and lineal descendants and their beneficial accounts. Such shares may also be issued at net asset value (1) in connection with the merger (or similar transaction) of an investment company (or series or class thereof) or personal holding company with a Fund (or class thereof), (2) to investors making an investment as part of a fixed fee program whereby an entity unaffiliated with the investment adviser provides investment services, such as management, brokerage and custody, (3) to investment advisors, financial planners or other intermediaries who place trades for their own accounts or the accounts of their clients and who charge a management, consulting or similar ongoing fee for their services; clients of such investment advisors, financial planners or other intermediaries who place trades for their own accounts if the accounts are linked to the master account of such investment advisor, financial planner or other intermediary on the books and records of the broker or agent; financial intermediaries who have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class A shares on a no-load basis as described in the Prospectus , (4) to officers and employees of a Funds custodian and transfer agent and (5) in connection with the ReFlow liquidity program. Class A shares may also be sold at net asset value to registered representatives and employees of financial intermediaries. Sales charges generally are waived because either (i) there is no sales effort involved in the sale of shares or (ii) the investor is paying a fee (other than the sales charge) to the financial intermediary involved in the sale. Any new or revised sales charge or CDSC waiver will be prospective only.
Waiver of Investment Minimums. In addition to waivers described in the Prospectus, minimum investment amounts are waived for current and retired Directors and Trustees of Eaton Vance funds and portfolios, clients (including custodial, agency, advisory and trust accounts), current and retired officers and employees of Eaton Vance, its affiliates and other investment advisers and sub-advisers of Eaton Vance sponsored funds, and for such persons spouses, parents, siblings and lineal descendants and their beneficial accounts. The minimum initial investment amount is also waived for officers and employees of a Funds custodian and transfer agent. Investments in a Fund by ReFlow in connection with the Reflow liquidity program are also not subject to the minimum investment amount.
Statement of Intention. If it is anticipated that $100,000 or more of Class A shares and shares of other funds exchangeable for Class A shares of another Eaton Vance fund will be purchased within a 13-month period, the Statement of Intention section of the account application should be completed so that shares may be obtained at the same reduced sales charge as though the total quantity were invested in one lump sum. Shares eligible for the right of accumulation (see below) as of the date of the Statement and purchased during the 13-month period will be included toward the completion of the Statement. If you make a Statement of Intention, the transfer agent is authorized to hold in escrow sufficient shares (5% of the dollar amount specified in the Statement) which can be redeemed to make up any difference in sales charge on the amount intended to be invested and the amount actually invested. A Statement of Intention does not obligate the shareholder to purchase or the Fund to sell the full amount indicated in the Statement.
If the amount actually purchased during the 13-month period is less than that indicated in the Statement, the shareholder will be requested to pay the difference between the sales charge applicable to the shares purchased and the sales charge paid under the Statement of Intention. If the payment is not received in 20 days, the appropriate number of escrowed shares will be redeemed in order to realize such difference. If the total purchases during the 13-month period are large enough to qualify for a lower sales charge than that applicable to the amount specified in the Statement, all transactions will be computed at the expiration date of the Statement to give effect to the lower sales charge. Any difference will be refunded to the shareholder in cash or applied to the purchase of additional shares, as specified by the shareholder. This refund will be made by the financial intermediary and the principal underwriter. If at the time of the recomputation, the financial intermediary for the account has changed, the adjustment will be made only on those shares purchased through the current financial intermediary for the account. If the sales
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charge rate changes during the 13-month period, all shares purchased or charges assessed after the date of such change will be subject to the then applicable sales charge.
Right of Accumulation. Under the right of accumulation, the applicable sales charge level is calculated by aggregating the dollar amount of the current purchase and the value (calculated at the maximum current offering price) of shares owned by the shareholder. Class A shares of Eaton Vance U.S. Government Money Market Fund cannot be accumulated for purposes of this privilege. The sales charge on the shares being purchased will then be applied at the rate applicable to the aggregate. Share purchases eligible for the right of accumulation are described under Sales Charges in the Prospectus. For any such discount to be made available at the time of purchase a purchaser or his or her financial intermediary must provide the principal underwriter (in the case of a purchase made through a financial intermediary) or the transfer agent (in the case of an investment made by mail) with sufficient information to permit verification that the purchase order qualifies for the accumulation privilege. Confirmation of the order is subject to such verification. The right of accumulation privilege may be amended or terminated at any time as to purchases occurring thereafter.
Conversion Feature. Class B shares held for the longer of (i) four years or (ii) the time at which the CDSC applicable to such shares expires will automatically convert to Class A shares. For purposes of this conversion, all distributions paid on Class B shares which the shareholder elects to reinvest in Class B shares will be considered to be held in a separate sub-account. Upon the conversion of Class B shares not acquired through the reinvestment of distributions, a pro rata portion of the Class B shares held in the sub-account will also convert to Class A shares. This portion will be determined by the ratio that the Class B shares being converted bears to the total of Class B shares (excluding shares acquired through reinvestment) in the account. This conversion feature is subject to the continuing availability of a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service or an opinion of counsel that the conversion is not taxable for federal income tax purposes.
Distribution Plans
The Trust has in effect a compensation-type Distribution Plan for Class A shares (the Class A Plan) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act. The Class A Plan is designed to (i) finance activities which are primarily intended to result in the distribution and sales of Class A shares and to make payments in connection with the distribution of such shares and (ii) pay service fees for personal services and/or the maintenance of shareholder accounts to the principal underwriter, financial intermediaries and other persons. The distribution and service fees payable under the Class A Plan shall not exceed 0.25% of the average daily net assets attributable to Class A shares for any fiscal year. Class A distribution and service fees are paid monthly in arrears. For the distribution and service fees paid by Class A shares, see Appendix A.
The Trust also has in effect a compensation-type Distribution Plan pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act for each Funds Class B and Class C shares (the Class B and Class C Plans). On each sale of shares (excluding reinvestment of distributions) a Class will pay the principal underwriter amounts representing (i) sales commissions equal to 3% for Class B shares and 6.25% for Class C shares of the amount received by a Fund for each Class share sold and (ii) interest at the rate of 1% over the prime rate then reported in The Wall Street Journal applied to the outstanding amounts owed to the principal underwriter, so-called uncovered distribution charges. Each Class pays the principal underwriter a distribution fee, accrued daily and paid monthly, at an annual rate not exceeding 0.75% of its average daily net assets to finance the distribution of its shares. Such fees compensate the principal underwriter for the sales commissions paid by it to financial intermediaries on the sale of shares, for other distribution expenses (such as personnel, overhead, travel, printing and postage) and for interest expenses. The principal underwriter currently pays an up-front sales commission (except on exchange transactions and reinvestments) of 3% of the purchase price of Class B shares and 0.85% of the purchase price of Class C shares, and an up-front service fee of 0.15% on Class C shares. Distribution fees paid by a Class and CDSCs paid to the Fund by redeeming Class shareholders reduce the outstanding uncovered distribution charges of the Class. Whenever there are no outstanding uncovered distribution charges of a Class, the Class discontinues payment of distribution fees.
The Class B and Class C Plans also authorize the payment of service fees to the principal underwriter, financial intermediaries and other persons in amounts not exceeding an annual rate of 0.25% of its average daily net assets for personal services, and/or the maintenance of shareholder accounts. For Class B, this fee is paid monthly in arrears based on the value of shares sold by such persons. For Class C, financial intermediaries currently receive (a) a service fee (except on exchange transactions and reinvestments) at the time of sale equal to 0.15% of the purchase price of Class C shares sold by such dealer, and (b) monthly service fees approximately equivalent to 1/12 of 0.15% of the value of Class C shares sold by such dealer. During the first year after a purchase of Class C shares, the principal underwriter will retain the service fee as reimbursement for the service fee payment made to financial intermediaries at the time of sale. For the service fees paid, see Appendix B and Appendix C.
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The Trustees of the Trust believe that each Plan will be a significant factor in the expected growth of each Funds assets, and will result in increased investment flexibility and advantages which have benefitted and will continue to benefit the Fund and its shareholders. The Eaton Vance organization may profit by reason of the operation of a Plan through an increase in Fund assets and if at any point in time the aggregate amounts received by the principal underwriter pursuant to a Plan exceeds the total expenses incurred in distributing Fund shares. Because payments to the principal underwriter under a Plan are limited, uncovered distribution charges, if applicable, (sales expenses of the principal underwriter plus interest, less the above fees and CDSCs received by it) may exist indefinitely. For sales commissions, CDSCs and uncovered distribution charges, if applicable, see Appendix A, Appendix B and Appendix C.
A Plan continues in effect from year to year so long as such continuance is approved at least annually by the vote of both a majority of (i) the noninterested Trustees of the Trust who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plan or any agreements related to the Plan (the Plan Trustees) and (ii) all of the Trustees then in office. A Plan may be terminated at any time by vote of a majority of the Plan Trustees or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the applicable Class. Quarterly Trustee review of a written report of the amount expended under the Plan and the purposes for which such expenditures were made is required. A Plan may not be amended to increase materially the payments described therein without approval of the shareholders of the affected Class and the Trustees. So long as a Plan is in effect, the selection and nomination of the noninterested Trustees shall be committed to the discretion of such Trustees. The Trustees, including the Plan Trustees, initially approved the current Plan(s) on June 23, 1997. Any Trustee of the Trust who is an interested person of the Trust has an indirect financial interest in a Plan because his or her employer (or affiliates thereof) receives distribution and/or service fees under the Plan or agreements related thereto.
PERFORMANCE
Performance Calculations. Average annual total return before deduction of taxes (pre-tax return) is determined by multiplying a hypothetical initial purchase order of $1,000 by the average annual compound rate of return (including capital appreciation/depreciation, and distributions paid and reinvested) for the stated period and annualizing the result. The calculation assumes (i) that all distributions are reinvested at net asset value on the reinvestment dates during the period, (ii) the deduction of the maximum of any initial sales charge from the initial $1,000 purchase, (iii) a complete redemption of the investment at the end of the period, and (iv) the deduction of any applicable CDSC at the end of the period.
Average annual total return after the deduction of taxes on distributions is calculated in the same manner as pre-tax return except the calculation assumes that any federal income taxes due on distributions are deducted from the distributions before they are reinvested. Average annual total return after the deduction of taxes on distributions and taxes on redemption also is calculated in the same manner as pre-tax return except the calculation assumes that (i) any federal income taxes due on distributions are deducted from the distributions before they are reinvested and (ii) any federal income taxes due upon redemption are deducted at the end of the period. After-tax returns are based on the highest federal income tax rates in effect for individual taxpayers as of the time of each assumed distribution and redemption (taking into account their tax character), and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. In calculating after-tax returns, the net value of any federal income tax credits available to shareholders is applied to reduce federal income taxes payable on distributions at or near year-end and, to the extent the net value of such credits exceeds such distributions, is then assumed to be reinvested in additional Fund shares at net asset value on the last day of the fiscal year in which the credit was generated or, in the case of certain tax credits, on the date on which the year-end distribution is paid. For pre-tax and after-tax total return information, see Appendix A, Appendix B, Appendix C and Appendix D.
In addition to the foregoing total return figures, each Fund may provide pre-tax and after-tax annual and cumulative total return, as well as the ending redeemable cash value of a hypothetical investment. If shares are subject to a sales charge, total return figures may be calculated based on reduced sales charges or at net asset value. These returns would be lower if the full sales charge was imposed. After-tax returns may also be calculated using different tax rate assumptions and taking into account state and local income taxes as well as federal taxes.
Yield is computed pursuant to a standardized formula by dividing the net investment income per share earned during a recent thirty-day period by the maximum offering price (including the maximum of any initial sales charge) per share on the last day of the period and annualizing the resulting figure. Net investment income per share is calculated from the yields to maturity of all debt obligations held based on prescribed methods, reduced by accrued expenses for the period with the resulting number being divided by the average daily number of shares outstanding and entitled to receive distributions during the period. Yield figures do not reflect the deduction of any applicable CDSC, but assume the maximum of any initial sales charge. Actual yield may be affected by variations in sales charges on investments. A tax-equivalent yield is computed by using the tax-exempt yield and dividing by one minus a stated tax rate. The stated tax rate will reflect the federal income tax applicable to investors in a particular tax bracket and may reflect certain assumptions relating to tax exemptions and deductions. The tax-equivalent yield
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will differ for investors in other tax brackets or for whom the assumed exemptions and deductions are not available. Tax-equivalent yield is designed to show the approximate yield a taxable investment would have to earn to produce an after-tax yield equal to the tax-exempt yield.
Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings and Related Information. The Board of Trustees has adopted policies and procedures (the Policies) with respect to the disclosure of information about portfolio holdings of each Fund. See each Funds Prospectus for information on disclosure made in filings with the SEC and/or posted on the Eaton Vance website and disclosure of certain portfolio characteristics. Pursuant to the Policies, information about portfolio holdings of a Fund may also be disclosed as follows:
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Confidential disclosure for a legitimate Fund purpose: Portfolio holdings may be disclosed, from time to time as necessary, for a legitimate business purpose of a Fund, believed to be in the best interests of the Fund and its shareholders, provided there is a duty or an agreement that the information be kept confidential. Any such confidentiality agreement includes provisions intended to impose a duty not to trade on the non-public information. The Policies permit disclosure of portfolio holdings information to the following: 1) affiliated and unaffiliated service providers that have a legal or contractual duty to keep such information confidential, such as employees of the investment adviser (including portfolio managers and, in the case of a Portfolio, the portfolio manager of any account that invests in the Portfolio), the administrator, custodian, transfer agent, principal underwriter, etc. described herein and in the Prospectus; 2) other persons who owe a fiduciary or other duty of trust or confidence to the Fund (such as Fund legal counsel and independent registered public accounting firm); or 3) persons to whom the disclosure is made in advancement of a legitimate business purpose of a Fund and who have expressly agreed in writing to maintain the disclosed information in confidence and to use it only in connection with the legitimate business purpose underlying the arrangement. To the extent applicable to an Eaton Vance fund, such persons may include securities lending agents which may receive information from time to time regarding selected holdings which may be loaned by a Fund, in the event a Fund is rated, credit rating agencies (Moodys Investor Services, Inc. and Standard & Poors Ratings Group), analytical service providers engaged by the investment adviser (Advent, Bloomberg L.P., Evare, Factset, McMunn Associates, Inc. and The Yield Book, Inc.), proxy evaluation vendors (Institutional Shareholder Servicing Inc.), pricing services (TRPS Mark-to-Market Pricing Service, WM Company Reuters Information Services and Non-Deliverable Forward Rates Service, Pricing Direct, FT Interactive Data Corp., Standard & Poors Securities Evaluation Service, Inc., SuperDerivatives and Stat Pro.), which receive information as needed to price a particular holding, translation services, third-party reconciliation services, lenders under Fund credit facilities (Citibank, N.A. and its affiliates), consultants and other product evaluators (Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC) and, for purposes of facilitating portfolio transactions, financial intermediaries and other intermediaries (national and regional municipal bond dealers and mortgage-backed securities dealers). These entities receive portfolio information on an as needed basis in order to perform the service for which they are being engaged. If required in order to perform their duties, this information will be provided in real time or as soon as practical thereafter. Additional categories of disclosure involving a legitimate business purpose may be added to this list upon the authorization of a Funds Board of Trustees. In addition, in connection with a redemption in kind, the redeeming shareholder may be required to agree to keep the information about the securities to be so distributed confidential, except to the extent necessary to dispose of the securities.
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Historical portfolio holdings information: From time to time, each Fund may be requested to provide historic portfolio holdings information or certain characteristics of portfolio holdings that have not been made public previously. In such case, the requested information may be provided if: the information is requested for due diligence or another legitimate purpose; the requested portfolio holdings or portfolio characteristics are for a period that is no more recent than the date of the portfolio holdings or portfolio characteristics posted to the Eaton Vance website; and the dissemination of the requested information is reviewed and approved in accordance with the Policies .
The Funds , the investment adviser and principal underwriter will not receive any monetary or other consideration in connection with the disclosure of information concerning a Funds portfolio holdings.
The Policies may not be waived, or exception made, without the consent of the Chief Compliance Officer (CCO) of the Funds . The CCO may not waive or make exception to the Policies unless such waiver or exception is consistent with the intent of the Policies, which is to ensure that disclosure of portfolio information is in the best interest of Fund shareholders. In determining whether to permit a waiver of or exception to the Policies, the CCO will consider whether the proposed disclosure serves a legitimate purpose of a Fund, whether it could provide the recipient with an advantage over Fund shareholders or
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whether the proposed disclosure gives rise to a conflict of interest between a Funds shareholders and its investment adviser, principal underwriter or other affiliated person. The CCO will report all waivers of or exceptions to the Policies to the Trustees at their next meeting. The Trustees may impose additional restrictions on the disclosure of portfolio holdings information at any time.
The Policies are designed to provide useful information concerning a Fund to existing and prospective Fund shareholders while at the same time inhibiting the improper use of portfolio holdings information in trading Fund shares and/or portfolio securities held by a Fund. However, there can be no assurance that the provision of any portfolio holdings information is not susceptible to inappropriate uses (such as the development of market timing models), particularly in the hands of highly sophisticated investors, or that it will not in fact be used in such ways beyond the control of the Funds .
TAXES
The following is a summary of some of the tax consequences affecting the Fund and its shareholders. The summary does not address all of the special tax rules applicable to certain classes of investors, such as IRAs and other retirement plans, tax-exempt entities, foreign investors, insurance companies and financial institutions. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors with respect to special tax rules that may apply in their particular situations, as well as the federal, state, local, and, where applicable, foreign tax consequences of investing in the Fund.
Taxation of the Fund. The Fund, as a series of the Trust, is treated as a separate entity for federal income tax purposes. The Fund has elected to be treated and intends to qualify each year as a regulated investment company (RIC) under Subchapter M of the Code. Accordingly, the Fund intends to satisfy certain requirements relating to sources of its income and diversification of its assets and to distribute substantially all of its net investment income (including tax-exempt income , if any ) and net short-term and long-term capital gains (after reduction by any available capital loss carryforwards) in accordance with the timing requirements imposed by the Code, so as to maintain its RIC status and to avoid paying any federal income tax. If the Fund qualifies for treatment as a RIC and satisfies the above-mentioned distribution requirements, it will not be subject to federal income tax on income paid to its shareholders in the form of dividends or capital gain distributions. The Fund qualified as a RIC for its most recent fiscal year end.
The Fund also seeks to avoid payment of federal excise tax. However, if the Fund fails to distribute in a calendar year substantially all of its ordinary income for such year and substantially all of its capital gain net income for the one-year period ending October 31 (or later if the Fund is permitted to so elect and so elects), plus any retained amount from the prior year, the Fund will be subject to a 4% excise tax on the undistributed amounts. In order to avoid incurring a federal excise tax obligation, the Code requires that the Fund distribute (or be deemed to have distributed) by December 31 of each calendar year (i) at least 98% of its ordinary income ( excluding tax-exempt income , if any ) for such year, (ii) at least 98.2% of its capital gain net income (which is the excess of its realized capital gains over its realized capital losses), generally computed on the basis of the one-year period ending on October 31 of such year, after reduction by any available capital loss carryforwards, and (iii) 100% of any income and capital gains from the prior year (as previously computed) that was not paid out during such year and on which the Fund paid no federal income tax. If the Fund fails to meet these requirements it will be subject to a nondeductible 4% excise tax on the undistributed amounts. Under current law, provided that the Fund qualifies as a RIC (and, where applicable, the Portfolio is treated as a partnership for Massachusetts and federal tax purposes), the Fund should not be liable for any income, corporate excise or franchise tax in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
If the Fund does not qualify as a RIC for any taxable year, the Funds taxable income will be subject to corporate income taxes, and all distributions from earnings and profits, including distributions of tax-exempt income and net capital gain (if any), will be taxable to the shareholder as dividend income. However, such distributions may be eligible (i) for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2013, to be treated as qualified dividend income in the case of shareholders taxed as individuals and (ii) for the dividends-received deduction in the case of corporate shareholders. In addition, in order to re-qualify for taxation as a RIC, the Fund may be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and interest, and make substantial distributions.
In certain situations, the Fund may, for a taxable year, elect to defer all or a portion of its capital losses realized after October and net ordinary losses incurred after December until the next taxable year in computing its investment company taxable income and net capital gain, which will defer the recognition of such realized losses. Such deferrals and other rules regarding gains and losses realized after October may affect the tax character of shareholder distributions.
The Code contains a provision codifying the judicial economic substance doctrine, which has traditionally been used by courts to deny tax benefits for transactions that lack economic substance; a strict liability penalty is imposed for an understatement of tax liability due to a transactions lack of economic substance.
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Taxation of the Portfolio. If the Fund invests its assets in the Portfolio, the Portfolio normally must satisfy the applicable source of income and diversification requirements in order for the Fund to also satisfy these requirements. For federal income tax purposes, the Portfolio intends to be treated as a partnership that is not a publicly traded partnership and, as a result, will not be subject to federal income tax. The Fund, as an investor in the Portfolio, will be required to take into account in determining its federal income tax liability its share of such Portfolios income, gains, losses, deductions and credits, without regard to whether it has received any distributions from such Portfolio. The Portfolio will allocate at least annually among its investors, including the Fund, the Portfolios net investment income, net realized capital gains, and any other items of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit. For purposes of applying the requirements of the Code regarding qualification as a RIC, the Fund (i) will be deemed to own its proportionate share of each of the assets of the Portfolio and (ii) will be entitled to the gross income of the Portfolio attributable to such share. Under current law, provided that the Portfolio is treated as a partnership for Massachusetts and federal tax purposes, the Portfolio should not be liable for any income, corporate excise or franchise tax in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
Taxation of the Subsidiary. To the extent described in the prospectus, the Fund may invest in the Subsidiary. The Subsidiary is classified as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As described in the prospectus, the Fund has either applied for or received from the IRS a private ruling relating to the treatment of the income allocated to the Fund from the Subsidiary for purposes of the Funds status as a RIC under the Code. Foreign corporations, such as the Subsidiary, will generally not be subject to U.S. federal income taxation unless they are deemed to be engaged in a U.S. trade or business. It is expected that the Subsidiary will conduct it activities in a manner so as to meet the requirements of a safe harbor under Section 864(b)(2) of the Code under which the Subsidiary may engage in trading in stocks or securities or certain commodities without being deemed to be engaged in a U.S. trade or business. However, if certain of the Subsidiary's activities were determined not to be of the type described in the safe harbor (which is not expected), then the activities of the Subsidiary may constitute a U.S. trade or business, and would be taxed as such.
The Subsidiary is treated as a controlled foreign corporation (CFC) for tax purposes and the Fund is treated as a U.S. shareholder of the Subsidiary. As a result, the Fund is required to include in gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes all of the Subsidiary's subpart F income, whether or not such income is distributed by the Subsidiary. It is expected that all of the Subsidiary's income will be subpart F income. The Funds recognition of the Subsidiary's subpart F income will increase the Funds tax basis in the Subsidiary. Distributions by the Subsidiary to the Fund will be tax-free, to the extent of its previously undistributed subpart F income, and will correspondingly reduce the Fund's tax basis in the Subsidiary. Subpart F income is generally treated as ordinary income, regardless of the character of the Subsidiary's underlying income. If a net loss is realized by the Subsidiary, such loss is not generally available to offset the income earned by the Fund.
Tax Consequences of Certain Investments. The following summary of the tax consequences of certain types of investments applies to the Fund and the Portfolio, as appropriate. References in the following summary to the Fund are to any Fund or Portfolio that can engage in the particular practice as described in the prospectus or SAI.
Securities Acquired at Market Discount or with Original Issue Discount. Investment in securities acquired at a market discount, or in zero coupon, deferred interest, payment-in-kind and certain other securities with original issue discount, generally may cause the Fund to realize income prior to the receipt of cash payments with respect to these securities. Such income will be accrued daily by the Fund and, in order to avoid a tax payable by the Fund, the Fund may be required to liquidate securities that it might otherwise have continued to hold in order to generate cash so that the Fund may make required distributions to its shareholders . The Fund may elect to accrue market discount income on a daily basis.
Lower Rated or Defaulted Securities . Investments in securities that are at risk of, or are in, default present special tax issues for the Fund. Tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as when the Fund may cease to accrue interest, original issue discount or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless securities and how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income.
Municipal Obligations. Any recognized gain or income attributable to market discount on long-term tax-exempt municipal obligations ( i.e. , obligations with a term of more than one year) purchased after April 30, 1993 (except to the extent of a portion of the discount attributable to original issue discount), is taxable as ordinary income. A long-term debt obligation is generally treated as acquired at a market discount if purchased after its original issue at a price less than (i) the stated principal amount payable at maturity, in the case of an obligation that does not have original issue discount or (ii) in the case of an obligation that does have original issue discount, the sum of the issue price and any original issue discount that accrued before the obligation was purchased, subject to a de minimis exclusion.
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From time to time proposals have been introduced before Congress for the purpose of restricting or eliminating the federal income tax exemption for interest on certain types of municipal obligations, and it can be expected that similar proposals may be introduced in the future. As a result of any such future legislation, the availability of municipal obligations for investment by the Fund and the value of the securities held by it may be affected. It is possible that events occurring after the date of issuance of municipal obligations, or after the Funds acquisition of such an obligation, may result in a determination that the interest paid on that obligation is taxable, even retroactively.
If the Fund seeks income exempt from state and/or local taxes, information about such taxes is contained in an appendix to this SAI (see the Table of Contents).
Tax Credit Bonds. If the Fund holds, directly or indirectly, one or more tax credit bonds (including Build America Bonds, clean renewable energy bonds and other qualified tax credit bonds) on one or more applicable dates during a taxable year and the Fund satisfies the minimum distribution requirement, the Fund may elect to permit its shareholders to claim a tax credit on their income tax returns equal to each shareholders proportionate share of tax credits from the applicable bonds that otherwise would be allowed to the Fund. In such a case, shareholders must include in gross income (as interest) their proportionate share of the income attributable to their proportionate share of those offsetting tax credits. A shareholders ability to claim a tax credit associated with one or more tax credit bonds may be subject to certain limitations imposed by the Code. Even if the Fund is eligible to pass through tax credits to shareholders, the Fund may choose not to do so.
Derivatives. The Funds investments in options, futures contracts, hedging transactions, forward contracts (to the extent permitted) and certain other transactions may be subject to special tax rules (including mark-to-market, constructive sale, straddle, wash sale, short sale and other rules), the effect of which may be to accelerate income to the Fund, defer Fund losses, cause adjustments in the holding periods of Fund securities, convert capital gain into ordinary income and convert short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses. These rules could therefore affect the amount, timing and character of Fund distributions.
Investments in so-called section 1256 contracts, such as regulated futures contracts, most foreign currency forward contracts traded in the interbank market and options on most stock indices, are subject to special tax rules. All section 1256 contracts held by th e Fund at the end of its taxable year are required to be marked to their market value, and any unrealized gain or loss on those positions will be included in the Funds income as if each position had been sold for its fair market value at the end of the taxable year. The resulting gain or loss will be combined with any gain or loss realized by the Fund from positions in section 1256 contracts closed during the taxable year. Provided such positions were held as capital assets and were not part of a hedging transaction nor part of a straddle, 60% of the resulting net gain or loss will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss, and 40% of such net gain or loss will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss, regardless of the period of time the positions were actually held by the Fund.
Fund positions in index options that do not qualify as section 1256 contracts under the Code generally will be treated as equity options governed by Code Section 1234. Pursuant to Code Section 1234, if a written option expires unexercised, the premium received is short-term capital gain to the Fund. If the Fund enters into a closing transaction with respect to a written option, the difference between the premium received and the amount paid to close out its position is short-term capital gain or loss. If an option written by the Fund that is not a section 1256 contract is cash settled, any resulting gain or loss will be short-term capital gain. For an option purchased by the Fund that is not a section 1256 contract any gain or loss resulting from sale of the option will be a capital gain or loss, and will be short-term or long-term, depending upon the holding period for the option. If the option expires, the resulting loss is a capital loss and is short-term or long-term, depending upon the holding period for the option. If a put option written by the Fund is exercised and physically settled, the premium received is treated as a reduction in the amount paid to acquire the underlying securities, increasing the gain or decreasing the loss to be realized by the Fund upon sale of the securities. If a call option written by the Fund is exercised and physically settled, the premium received is included in the sale proceeds, increasing the gain or decreasing the loss realized by the Fund at the time of option exercise.
As a result of entering into swap contracts, the Fund may make or receive periodic net payments. The Fund may also make or receive a payment when a swap is terminated prior to maturity through an assignment of the swap or other closing transaction. Periodic net payments will generally constitute ordinary income or deductions, while termination of a swap will generally result in capital gain or loss (which will be a long-term capital gain or loss if the Fund has been a party to a swap for more than one year). With respect to certain types of swaps, the Fund may be required to currently recognize income or loss with respect to future payments on such swaps or may elect under certain circumstances to mark such swaps to market annually for tax purposes as ordinary income or loss .
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Short Sales. In general, gain or loss on a short sale is recognized when the Fund closes the sale by delivering the borrowed property to the lender, not when the borrowed property is sold. Gain or loss from a short sale is generally considered to be capital gain or loss to the extent that the property used to close the short sale constitutes a capital asset in the Funds hands. Except with respect to certain situations where the property used to close a short sale has a long-term holding period on the date of the short sale, special rules generally treat the gains on short sales as short-term capital gains. These rules may also terminate the running of the holding period of substantially identical property held by the Fund. Moreover, a loss on a short sale will be treated as a long-term capital loss if, on the date of the short sale, substantially identical property has been held by the Fund for more than one year. In general, the Fund will not be permitted to deduct payments made to reimburse the lender of securities for dividends paid on borrowed stock if the short sale is closed on or before the 45th day after the short sale is entered.
Constructive Sales. The Fund may recognize gain (but not loss) from a constructive sale of certain appreciated financial positions if the Fund enters into a short sale, offsetting notional principal contract, or forward contract transaction with respect to the appreciated position or substantially identical property. Appreciated financial positions subject to this constructive sale treatment include interests (including options and forward contracts and short sales) in stock and certain other instruments. Constructive sale treatment does not apply if the transaction is closed out not later than thirty days after the end of the taxable year in which the transaction was initiated, and the underlying appreciated securities position is held unhedged for at least the next sixty days after the hedging transaction is closed.
Gain or loss on a short sale will generally not be realized until such time as the short sale is closed. However, as described above in the discussion of constructive sales, if the Fund holds a short sale position with respect to securities that have appreciated in value, and it then acquires property that is the same as or substantially identical to the property sold short, the Fund generally will recognize gain on the date it acquires such property as if the short sale were closed on such date with such property. Similarly, if the Fund holds an appreciated financial position with respect to securities and then enters into a short sale with respect to the same or substantially identical property, the Fund generally will recognize gain as if the appreciated financial position were sold at its fair market value on the date it enters into the short sale. The subsequent holding period for any appreciated financial position that is subject to these constructive sale rules will be determined as if such position were acquired on the date of the constructive sale.
Foreign Investments and Currencies. The Funds investments in foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes or other foreign taxes with respect to income (possibly including, in some cases, capital gains), which would decrease the Funds income on such securities. These taxes may be reduced or eliminated under the terms of an applicable U.S. income tax treaty. If more than 50% of Fund assets at year end consists of the debt and equity securities of foreign corporations, the Fund may elect to permit shareholders to claim a credit or deduction on their income tax returns for their pro rata portion of qualified taxes paid by the Fund to foreign countries. If the election is made, shareholders will include in gross income from foreign sources their pro rata share of such taxes. A shareholders ability to claim a foreign tax credit or deduction in respect of foreign taxes paid by the Fund may be subject to certain limitations imposed by the Code (including a holding period requirement applied at both the Fund and shareholder level), as a result of which a shareholder may not get a full credit or deduction for the amount of such taxes. In particular, the Fund must own the dividend-paying stock for more than 15 days during the 31-day period beginning 15 days prior to the ex-dividend date. Likewise, shareholders must hold their Fund shares (without protection from risk or loss) on the ex-dividend date and for at least 15 additional days during the 31-day period beginning 15 days prior to the ex-dividend date to be eligible to claim the foreign tax with respect to a given dividend. Shareholders who do not itemize deductions on their federal income tax returns may claim a credit (but no deduction) for such taxes. Individual shareholders subject to the alternative minimum tax (AMT) may not deduct such taxes for AMT purposes.
Transactions in foreign currencies, foreign currency-denominated debt securities and certain foreign currency options, futures contracts, forward contracts and similar instruments (to the extent permitted) may give rise to ordinary income or loss to the extent such income or loss results from fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency. Under Section 988 of the Code, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates between the time the Fund accrues income or receivables or expenses or other liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and the time the Fund actually collects such income or pays such liabilities are generally treated as ordinary income or ordinary loss.
Investments in passive foreign investment companies (PFICs) could subject the Fund to U.S. federal income tax or other charges on certain distributions from such companies and on disposition of investments in such companies; however, the tax effects of such investments may be mitigated by making an election to mark such investments to market annually or treat the PFIC as a qualified electing fund. If the Fund were to invest in a PFIC and elect to treat the PFIC as a qualified electing fund under the Code, the Fund might be required to include in income each year a portion of the ordinary earnings and net capital gains of the qualified electing fund, even if not distributed to the Fund, and such amounts would be subject to the distribution
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requirements described above. In order to make this election, the Fund would be required to obtain certain annual information from the PFICs in which it invests, which may be difficult or impossible to obtain. Alternatively, if the Fund were to make a mark-to-market election with respect to a PFIC, the Fund would be treated as if it had sold and repurchased the PFIC stock at the end of each year. In such case, the Fund would report any such gains as ordinary income and would deduct any such losses as ordinary losses to the extent of previously recognized gains. This election must be made separately for each PFIC, and once made, would be effective for all subsequent taxable years unless revoked with the consent of the IRS. The Fund may be required to recognize income in excess of the distributions it receives from PFICs and its proceeds from dispositions of PFIC stock in any particular year. As a result, the Fund may have to distribute this phantom income and gain to satisfy the distribution requirement and to avoid imposition of the 4% excise tax.
U.S. Government Securities. Distributions paid by the Fund that are derived from interest on obligations of the U.S. Government and certain of its agencies and instrumentalities (but generally not distributions of capital gains realized upon the disposition of such obligations) may be exempt from state and local income taxes. The Fund generally intends to advise shareholders of the extent, if any, to which its distributions consist of such interest. Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisers regarding the possible exclusion of such portion of their dividends for state and local income tax purposes.
Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs). Any investment by the Fund in equity securities of a REIT qualifying as such under Subchapter M of the Code may result in the Funds receipt of cash in excess of the REITs earnings; if the Fund distributes these amounts, these distributions could constitute a return of capital to Fund shareholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Investments in REIT equity securities also may require the Fund to accrue and distribute income not yet received. To generate sufficient cash to make the requisite distributions, the Fund may be required to sell securities in its portfolio (including when it is not advantageous to do so) that it otherwise would have continued to hold. Dividends received by the Fund from a REIT will not qualify for the corporate dividends-received deduction and generally will not constitute qualified dividend income.
Inflation-Indexed Bonds. Periodic adjustments for inflation to the principal amount of an inflation-indexed bond may give rise to original issue discount, which will be includable in the Funds gross income (see Securities Acquired at Market Discount or with Original Issue Discount above). Also, if the principal value of an inflation-indexed bond is adjusted downward due to inflation, amounts previously distributed in the taxable year may be characterized in some circumstances as a return of capital (see Taxation of Fund Shareholders below).
Taxation of Fund Shareholders. Subject to the discussion of distributions of tax-exempt income below, Fund distributions of investment income and net gains from investments held for one year or less will be taxable as ordinary income. Fund distributions of any net gains from investments held for more than one year are taxable as long-term capital gains. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long the Fund owned the investments that generated the gains, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her shares in the Fund. Dividends and distributions on the Funds shares are generally subject to federal income tax as described herein to the extent they are made out of the Funds earnings and profits, even though such dividends and distributions may economically represent a return of a particular shareholders investment. Such distributions are likely to occur in respect of shares purchased at a time when the Funds net asset value reflects gains that are either unrealized, or realized but not distributed. Such realized gains may be required to be distributed even when the Funds net asset value also reflects unrealized losses.
Distributions paid by the Fund during any period may be more or less than the amount of net investment income and capital gains actually earned during the period. If the Fund makes a distribution to a shareholder in excess of the Funds current and accumulated earnings and profits in any taxable year, the excess distribution will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of such shareholders tax basis in its shares, and thereafter as capital gain. A return of capital is not taxable, but it reduces a shareholders tax basis in its shares, thus reducing any loss or increasing any gain on a subsequent taxable disposition by the shareholder of its shares.
Ordinarily, shareholders are required to take taxable distributions by the Fund into account in the year in which the distributions are made. However, for federal income tax purposes, dividends that are declared by the Fund in October, November or December as of a record date in such month and actually paid in January of the following year will be treated as if they were paid on December 31 of the year declared. Therefore, such dividends will generally be taxable to a shareholder in the year declared rather than in the year paid.
The amount of distributions payable by the Fund may vary depending on general economic and market conditions, the composition of investments, current management strategy and Fund operating expenses. The Fund will inform shareholders of the tax character of all distributions annually as required by applicable rules and regulations. The maximum rates for ordinary income and short-term capital gain are currently 35% and are scheduled to increase to 39.6% for taxable years beginning on or
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after January 1, 2013; for long-term gains the maximum rate is currently 15% and is scheduled to increase to 20% for taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2013.
The Fund may elect to retain its net capital gain, in which case the Fund will be taxed thereon (except to the extent of any available capital loss carryovers) at the 35% corporate tax rate. In such a case, it is expected that the Fund also will elect to have shareholders of record on the last day of its taxable year treated as if each received a distribution of its pro rata share of such gain, with the result that each shareholder will be required to report its pro rata share of such gain on its tax return as long-term capital gain, will receive a refundable tax credit for its pro rata share of tax paid by the Fund on the gain, and will increase the tax basis for its shares by an amount equal to the deemed distribution less the tax credit.
Any Fund distribution, other than dividends that are declared by the Fund on a daily basis, will have the effect of reducing the per share net asset value of Fund shares by the amount of the distribution. If a shareholder buys shares when the Fund has unrealized or realized but not yet distributed ordinary income or capital gains, the shareholder will pay full price for the shares and then may receive a portion back as a taxable distribution even though such distribution may economically represent a return of the shareholders investment.
Tax-Exempt Income. Distributions by the Fund of net tax-exempt interest income that are properly reported as exempt-interest dividends may be treated by shareholders as interest excludable from gross income for federal income tax purposes under Section 103(a) of the Code. In order for the Fund to be entitled to pay the tax-exempt interest income as exempt-interest dividends to its shareholders, the Fund must satisfy certain requirements, including the requirement that, at the close of each quarter of its taxable year, at least 50% of the value of its total assets consists of obligations the interest on which is exempt from regular federal income tax under Code Section 103(a). Interest on certain municipal obligations may be taxable for purposes of the federal AMT and for state and local purposes. In addition, corporate shareholders must include the full amount of exempt-interest dividends in computing the preference items for the purposes of the AMT. Fund shareholders are required to report tax-exempt interest on their federal income tax returns.
Tax-exempt distributions received from the Fund are taken into account in determining, and may increase, the portion of social security and certain railroad retirement benefits that may be subject to federal income tax. Interest on indebtedness incurred by a shareholder to purchase or carry Fund shares that distributes exempt-interest dividends will not be deductible for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If a shareholder receives exempt interest dividends with respect to any Fund share and if the share is held by the shareholder for six months or less, then any loss on the sale or exchange of the share may, to the extent of the exempt-interest dividends, be disallowed. Furthermore, a portion of any exempt-interest dividend paid by the Fund that represents income derived from certain revenue or private activity bonds held by the Fund may not retain its tax-exempt status in the hands of a shareholder who is a substantial user of a facility financed by such bonds, or a related person thereof. In addition, the receipt of dividends and distributions from the Fund may affect a foreign corporate shareholders federal branch profits tax liability and the federal excess net passive income tax liability of a shareholder of a Subchapter S corporation. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors as to whether they are (i) substantial users with respect to a facility or related to such users within the meaning of the Code or (ii) subject to a federal alternative minimum tax, the federal branch profits tax, or the federal excess net passive income tax.
Qualified Dividend Income. For the taxable years beginning on or before December 31, 2012, qualified dividend income received by an individual will be taxed at the rates applicable to long-term capital gain (currently at a maximum rate of 15%). In order for some portion of the dividends received by Fund shareholders to be qualified dividend income, the Fund must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to some portion of the dividend-paying stocks in its portfolio and the shareholder must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to the Funds shares. A dividend will not be treated as qualified dividend income (1) if the dividend is received with respect to any share of stock held for fewer than 61 days during the 121-day period beginning at the date which is 60 days before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend (or, in the case of certain preferred stock, 91 days during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before such date), (2) to the extent that the recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property, (3) if the recipient elects to have the dividend income treated as investment interest, or (4) if the dividend is received from a foreign corporation that is (a) not eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty with the U.S. (with the exception of dividends paid on stock of such a foreign corporation readily tradable on an established securities market in the U.S.) or (b) treated as a passive foreign investment company. In general, distributions of investment income reported by the Fund as derived from qualified dividend income will be treated as qualified dividend income by a shareholder taxed as an individual provided the shareholder meets the holding period and other requirements described above with respect to the Funds shares. In any event, if the aggregate qualified dividends received by the Fund during any taxable year are 95% or more of its gross income, then 100% of the Funds dividends (other
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
33
SAI dated August 1, 2012
than properly reported capital gain dividends) will be eligible to be treated as qualified dividend income. For this purpose, the only gain with respect to the sale of stocks and securities included in the term gross income is the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss.
Dividends Received Deduction for Corporations. A portion of distributions made by the Fund which are derived from dividends from U.S. corporations may qualify for the dividends-received deduction (DRD) for corporations. The DRD is reduced to the extent the Fund shares with respect to which the dividends are received are treated as debt-financed under the Code and is eliminated if the shares are deemed to have been held for less than a minimum period, generally more than 45 days during the 91-day period beginning 45 days before the ex-dividend date or if the recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property. Receipt of certain distributions qualifying for the DRD may result in reduction of the tax basis of the corporate shareholders shares. Distributions eligible for the DRD may give rise to or increase the alternative minimum tax for certain corporations.
Recognition of Unrelated Business Taxable Income by Tax-Exempt Shareholders. Under current law, tax-exempt investors generally will not recognize unrelated business taxable income (UBTI) from distributions from the Fund. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a tax-exempt shareholder could recognize UBTI if shares in the Fund constitute debt-financed property in the hands of a tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of Code section 514(b). In addition, certain types of income received by the Fund from REITs, real estate mortgage investment conduits (REMICs), taxable mortgage pools or other investments may cause the Fund to designate some or all of its distributions as excess inclusion income. To Fund shareholders such excess inclusion income may: (1) constitute taxable income as UBTI for those shareholders who would otherwise be tax-exempt such as individual retirement accounts, 401(k) accounts, Keogh plans, pension plans and certain charitable entities; (2) not be offset by otherwise allowable deductions for tax purposes; (3) not be eligible for reduced U.S. withholding for non-U.S. shareholders even from tax treaty countries; and (4) cause the Fund to be subject to tax if certain disqualified organizations as defined by the Code are Fund shareholders.
Redemption or Exchange of Fund Shares. Generally, upon sale or exchange of Fund shares, a shareholder will realize a taxable gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount realized and the basis in shares. Such gain or loss will be treated as capital gain or loss if the shares are capital assets in the shareholders hands, and will be long-term capital gain or loss if the shares are held for more than one year, and short-term capital gain or loss if the shares are held for one year or less.
Any loss realized upon the sale or exchange of Fund shares with a tax holding period of six months or less will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any distributions treated as long-term capital gain with respect to such shares. In addition, all or a portion of a loss realized on a redemption or other disposition of Fund shares may be disallowed under wash sale rules to the extent the shareholder acquired other shares of the same Fund (whether through the reinvestment of distributions or otherwise) within the period beginning 30 days before the redemption of the loss shares and ending 30 days after such date. Any disallowed loss will result in an adjustment to the shareholders tax basis in some or all of the other shares acquired.
Sales charges paid upon a purchase of shares subject to a front-end sales charge cannot be taken into account for purposes of determining gain or loss on a redemption or exchange of the shares before the 91st day after their purchase to the extent a sales charge is reduced or eliminated in a subsequent acquisition of Fund shares (or shares of another fund) on or before January 31 of the following calendar year pursuant to the reinvestment or exchange privilege. Any disregarded amounts will result in an adjustment to the shareholders tax basis in some or all of any other shares acquired.
Applicability of Medicare Contribution Tax. The Code imposes a 3.8% Medicare contribution tax on unearned income of certain U.S. individuals, estates and trusts. For individuals, the tax is on the lesser of the net investment income and the excess of modified adjusted gross income over $200,000 (or $250,000 if married filing jointly). Net investment income includes interest, dividends, and gross income and capital gains derived from passive activities and trading in securities or commodities. Net investment income is reduced by deductions properly allocable to this income. This tax is effective with respect to amounts received, and taxable years beginning, after December 31, 2012.
Back-Up Withholding for U.S. Shareholders. Amounts paid by the Fund to individuals and certain other shareholders who have not provided the Fund with their correct taxpayer identification number (TIN) and certain certifications required by the IRS as well as shareholders with respect to whom the Fund has received certain information from the IRS or a broker, may be subject to backup withholding of federal income tax arising from the Funds taxable dividends and other distributions as well as the proceeds of redemption transactions (including repurchases and exchanges), at a rate of 28% for amounts paid through 2012. The backup withholding rate will be 31% for amounts paid thereafter. An individuals TIN is generally his or her social security number. Backup withholding is not an additional tax and any amount withheld may be credited against a shareholders U.S. federal income tax liability.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
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SAI dated August 1, 2012
Taxation of Foreign Shareholders. In general, dividends (other than capital gain dividends and exempt-interest dividends) paid to a shareholder that is not a U.S. person within the meaning of the Code (a foreign person or foreign shareholder) are subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or lower applicable treaty rate). The withholding tax does not apply to regular dividends paid to a foreign person who provides a Form W-8ECI, certifying that the dividends are effectively connected with the foreign persons conduct of a trade or business within the United States. Instead, the effectively connected dividends will be subject to regular U.S. income tax as if the foreign person were a U.S. shareholder. A non-U.S. corporation receiving effectively connected dividends may also be subject to additional branch profits tax imposed at a rate of 30% (or lower treaty rate). A foreign person who fails to provide an IRS Form W-8BEN or other applicable form may be subject to backup withholding at the appropriate rate. A foreign shareholder would generally be exempt from U.S. federal income tax, including withholding tax, on gains realized on the sale of shares of the Fund, net capital gain dividends, exempt interest dividends, and amounts retained by the Fund that are reported as undistributed capital gains.
Distributions that the Fund reports as short-term capital gain dividends or long-term capital gain dividends will not be treated as such to a recipient foreign shareholder if the distribution is attributable to a REITs distribution to the Fund of gain from the sale or exchange of U.S. real property or an interest in a U.S. real property holding corporation and the Funds direct or indirect interests in U.S. real property exceeded certain levels. Instead, if the foreign shareholder has not owned more than 5% of the outstanding shares of the Fund at any time during the one year period ending on the date of distribution, such distributions will be subject to 30% withholding by the Fund and will be treated as ordinary dividends to the foreign shareholder; if the foreign shareholder owned more than 5% of the outstanding shares of the Fund at any time during the one year period ending on the date of the distribution, such distribution will be treated as real property gain subject to 35% withholding tax and could subject the foreign shareholder to U.S. filing requirements. The rules described in this paragraph, other than the withholding rules, will apply notwithstanding the Funds participation or a foreign shareholders participation in a wash sale transaction or the payment of a substitute dividend.
Additionally, if the Funds direct or indirect interests in U.S. real property were to exceed certain levels, a foreign shareholder realizing gains upon redemption from the Fund could be subject to the 35% withholding tax and U.S. filing requirements unless the foreign person had not held more than 5% of the Funds outstanding shares throughout either such persons holding period for the redeemed shares or, if shorter, the previous five years.
In the case of foreign non-corporate shareholders, the Fund may be required to backup withhold U.S. federal income tax on distributions that are otherwise exempt from withholding tax unless such shareholders furnish the Fund with proper notification of their foreign status.
Compliance with the HIRE Act. Beginning with payments made after December 31, 2013, the Code will impose a U.S. withholding tax of 30% on payments (including, beginning with payments made after December 31, 2014, gross proceeds) that are attributable to certain U.S. investments and made to certain non-U.S. financial institutions, including non-U.S. investment funds, and other non-U.S. persons that fail to comply with certain reporting requirements to the IRS in respect of its direct and indirect U.S. investors and/or accountholders. These payments could include U.S.-source dividends and the gross proceeds from the sale or other disposition of stock that can produce U.S.-source dividends. Non-U.S. shareholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the possible implications of these requirements on their investment in the Fund.
Requirements of Form 8886. Under Treasury regulations, if a shareholder realizes a loss on disposition of the Funds shares of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate shareholder, the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on Form 8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a RIC are not excepted. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayers treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances. Under certain circumstances, certain tax-exempt entities and their managers may be subject to excise tax if they are parties to certain reportable transactions.
Other Taxes. Dividends, distributions and redemption proceeds may also be subject to additional state, local and foreign taxes depending on each shareholders particular situation.
Changes in Taxation. The taxation of the Fund, the Portfolio, the Subsidiary and shareholders may be adversely affected by future legislation, Treasury regulations, IRS revenue procedures and/or guidance issued by the IRS.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
35
SAI dated August 1, 2012
PORTFOLIO SECURITIES TRANSACTIONS
Decisions concerning the execution of portfolio security transactions, including the selection of the market and the broker-dealer firm, are made by BMR, each Fund's investment adviser. Each Fund is responsible for the expenses associated with its portfolio transactions. The investment adviser is also responsible for the execution of transactions for all other accounts managed by it. The investment adviser places the portfolio security transactions for execution with one or more broker-dealer firms. The investment adviser uses its best efforts to obtain execution of portfolio security transactions at prices which in the investment advisers judgment are advantageous to the client and at a reasonably competitive spread or (when a disclosed commission is being charged) at reasonably competitive commission rates. In seeking such execution, the investment adviser will use its best judgment in evaluating the terms of a transaction, and will give consideration to various relevant factors, including without limitation the full range and quality of the broker-dealer firms services, including the responsiveness of the firm to the investment adviser, the size and type of the transaction, the nature and character of the market for the security, the confidentiality, speed and certainty of effective execution required for the transaction, the general execution and operational capabilities of the broker-dealer firm, the reputation, reliability, experience and financial condition of the firm, the value and quality of the services rendered by the firm in this and other transactions, and the amount of the spread or commission, if any. In addition, the investment adviser may consider the receipt of Research Services (as defined below), provided it does not compromise the investment advisers obligation to seek best overall execution for the Fund. The investment adviser may engage in portfolio brokerage transactions with a broker-dealer firm that sells shares of Eaton Vance funds, provided such transactions are not directed to that firm as compensation for the promotion or sale of such shares.
Municipal obligations, including state obligations, purchased and sold by each Fund are generally traded in the over-the-counter market on a net basis ( i.e. , without commission) through broker-dealers and banks acting for their own account rather than as brokers, or otherwise involve transactions directly with the issuer of such obligations. Such firms attempt to profit from such transactions by buying at the bid price and selling at the higher asked price of the market for such obligations, and the difference between the bid and asked price is customarily referred to as the spread. Each Fund may also purchase municipal obligations from underwriters, and dealers in fixed-price offerings, the cost of which may include undisclosed fees and concessions to the underwriters. On occasion it may be necessary or appropriate to purchase or sell a security through a broker on an agency basis, in which case the Fund will incur a brokerage commission. Although spreads or commissions on portfolio security transactions will, in the judgment of the investment adviser, be reasonable in relation to the value of the services provided, spreads or commissions exceeding those which another firm might charge may be paid to firms who were selected to execute transactions on behalf of each Fund and the investment advisers other clients for providing brokerage and research services to the investment adviser.
Pursuant to the safe harbor provided in Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Section 28(e)), a broker or dealer who executes a portfolio transaction may receive a commission that is in excess of the amount of commission another broker or dealer would have charged for effecting that transaction if the investment adviser determines in good faith that such compensation was reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided. This determination may be made on the basis of either that particular transaction or on the basis of the overall responsibility which the investment adviser and its affiliates have for accounts over which they exercise investment discretion. Research Services as used herein includes any and all brokerage and research services to the extent permitted by Section 28(e ). Generally, Research Services may include, but are not limited to, such matters as research, analytical and quotation services, data, information and other services products and materials which assist the investment adviser in the performance of its investment responsibilities. More specifically, Research Services may include general economic, political, business and market information, industry and company reviews, evaluations of securities and portfolio strategies and transactions, technical analysis of various aspects of the securities markets, recommendations as to the purchase and sale of securities and other portfolio transactions, certain financial, industry and trade publications, certain news and information services, and certain research oriented computer software, data bases and services. Any particular Research Service obtained through a broker-dealer may be used by the investment adviser in connection with client accounts other than those accounts which pay commissions to such broker-dealer. Any such Research Service may be broadly useful and of value to the investment adviser in rendering investment advisory services to all or a significant portion of its clients, or may be relevant and useful for the management of only one clients account or of a few clients accounts, or may be useful for the management of merely a segment of certain clients accounts, regardless of whether any such account or accounts paid commissions to the broker-dealer through which such Research Service was obtained. The investment adviser evaluates the nature and quality of the various Research Services obtained through broker-dealer firms and may attempt to allocate sufficient portfolio security transactions to such firms to ensure the continued receipt of Research Services which the investment adviser believes are useful or of value to it in rendering investment advisory services to
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SAI dated August 1, 2012
its clients. The investment adviser may also receive brokerage and Research Services from underwriters and dealers in fixed-price offerings.
Research Services provided by (and produced by) broker-dealers that execute portfolio transactions or from affiliates of executing broker-dealers are referred to as Proprietary Research. The investment adviser may and does consider the receipt of Proprietary Research Services as a factor in selecting broker dealers to execute client portfolio transactions, provided it does not compromise the investment advisers obligation to seek best overall execution. The investment adviser also may consider the receipt of Research Services under so called client commission arrangements or commission sharing arrangements (both referred to as CCAs) as a factor in selecting broker dealers to execute transactions, provided it does not compromise the investment advisers obligation to seek best overall execution. Under a CCA arrangement, the investment adviser may cause client accounts to effect transactions through a broker-dealer and request that the broker-dealer allocate a portion of the commissions paid on those transactions to a pool of commission credits that are paid to other firms that provide Research Services to the investment adviser. Under a CCA, the broker-dealer that provides the Research Services need not execute the trade. Participating in CCAs may enable the investment adviser to consolidate payments for research using accumulated client commission credits from transactions executed through a particular broker-dealer to periodically pay for Research Services obtained from and provided by other firms, including other broker-dealers that supply Research Services. The investment adviser believes that CCAs offer the potential to optimize the execution of trades and the acquisition of a variety of high quality Research Services that the investment adviser might not be provided access to absent CCAs. The investment adviser will only enter into and utilize CCAs to the extent permitted by Section 28(e ).
The investment companies sponsored by the investment adviser or its affiliates also may allocate trades in such offerings to acquire information relating to the performance, fees and expenses of such companies and other investment companies, which information is used by the Trustees of such companies to fulfill their responsibility to oversee the quality of the services provided to various entities, including the investment adviser, to such companies. Such companies may also pay cash for such information.
Municipal Obligations considered as investments for a Fund may also be appropriate for other investment accounts managed by the investment adviser or its affiliates. Whenever decisions are made to buy or sell securities by a Fund and one or more of such other accounts simultaneously, the investment adviser will allocate the security transactions (including new issues) in a manner which it believes to be equitable under the circumstances. As a result of such allocations, there may be instances where a Fund will not participate in a transaction that is allocated among other accounts. If an aggregated order cannot be filled completely, allocations will generally be made on a pro rata basis. An order may not be allocated on a pro rata basis where, for example: (i) consideration is given to portfolio managers who have been instrumental in developing or negotiating a particular investment; (ii) consideration is given to an account with specialized investment policies that coincide with the particulars of a specific investment; (iii) pro rata allocation would result in odd-lot or de minimis amounts being allocated to a portfolio or other client; or (iv) where the investment adviser reasonably determines that departure from a pro rata allocation is advisable. While these aggregation and allocation policies could have a detrimental effect on the price or amount of the securities available to a Fund from time to time, it is the opinion of the Trustees of the Trust that the benefits from the investment adviser organization outweigh any disadvantage that may arise from exposure to simultaneous transactions.
The following table shows brokerage commissions paid during three fiscal years ended March 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 , as well as the amount of Fund security transactions for the most recent fiscal year (if any) that were directed to firms that provided some Research Services to the investment adviser or its affiliates (see above), and the commissions paid in connection therewith.
|
Brokerage Commissions Paid* for the Fiscal Year Ended |
Amount of Transactions
|
Commissions Paid on Transactions
|
||
Fund |
3/31/12 |
3/31/11 |
3/31/10 |
3/31/12 |
3/31/12 |
AMT-Free |
$ 1,098 |
$ 2,013 |
$ 1,785 |
$ 0 |
$ 0 |
Massachusetts |
673 |
1,820 |
2,328 |
0 |
0 |
National |
8,171 |
19,761 |
26,422 |
0 |
0 |
New York |
1,219 |
3,546 |
4,099 |
0 |
0 |
Pennsylvania |
824 |
1,747 |
1,932 |
0 |
0 |
*
As noted above, municipal obligations are traded on a net basis (i.e., without commission). The brokerage commissions reflected in the table resulted from the Funds transactions in futures contracts during the period.
During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012 , each Fund held no securities of its regular brokers or dealers, as that term is defined in Rule 10b-1 of the 1940 Act.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The audited financial statements of, and the report of the independent registered public accounting firm for each Fund appear in its annual report to shareholders and are incorporated by reference into this SAI. A copy of the annual report accompanies this SAI.
Householding. Consistent with applicable law, duplicate mailings of shareholder reports and certain other Fund information to shareholders residing at the same address may be eliminated.
Registrant incorporates by reference the audited financial information and the report of the independent registered public accounting firm for the Funds listed below for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012, as previously filed electronically with the SEC:
Eaton Vance AMT-Free Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund
Eaton Vance Massachusetts Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund
Eaton Vance National Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund
Eaton Vance New York Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund
Eaton Vance Pennsylvania Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund
(Accession No. 0000950123-12-008513)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
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SAI dated August 1, 2012
Average Effective Maturity |
Average effective maturity is a weighted average of all the maturities of bonds owned by the Fund. Average effective maturity takes into consideration all mortgage payments, puts and adjustable coupons. In the event the Fund invests in multiple Portfolios, its average weighted maturity is the sum of its allocable share of the average weighted maturity of each of the Portfolios in which it invests, which is determined by multiplying the Portfolios average weighted maturity by the Funds percentage ownership of that Portfolio. |
Borrowing for Investment Purposes |
Successful use of a borrowing strategy depends on the investment advisers ability to predict correctly interest rates and market movements. There is no assurance that a borrowing strategy will be successful. Upon the expiration of the term of the Funds existing credit arrangement, the lender may not be willing to extend further credit to the Fund or may only be willing to do so at an increased cost to the Fund. If the Fund is not able to extend its credit arrangement, it may be required to liquidate holdings to repay amounts borrowed from the lender. Borrowing to increase investments generally will exaggerate the effect on the Funds net asset value of any increase or decrease in the value of the security purchased with the borrowings. Successful use of a borrowing strategy depends on the investment advisers ability to predict correctly interest rates and market movements. There can be no assurance that the use of borrowings will be successful. In connection with its borrowings, the Fund will be required to maintain specified asset coverage with respect to such borrowings by both the 1940 Act and the terms of its credit facility with the lender. The Fund may be required to dispose of portfolio investments on unfavorable terms if market fluctuations or other factors reduce the required asset coverage to less than the prescribed amount. Borrowings involve additional expense to the Fund. |
Borrowing for Temporary Purposes |
The Fund may borrow for temporary purposes (such as to satisfy redemption requests, to remain fully invested in advance of the settlement of share purchases and settle transactions). The Fund typically makes any such borrowings pursuant to an umbrella credit facility to which most of the Eaton Vance mutual funds have access. The Funds ability to borrow under the credit facility is subject to its terms and conditions, which in some cases may limit the Funds ability to borrow under the facility. The credit facility is subject to an annual renewal, which cannot be assured. If the Fund does not have the ability to borrow for temporary purposes, it may be required to sell securities at inopportune times to meet short-term liquidity needs. Borrowings involve additional expense to the Fund. |
Build America Bonds |
Build America Bonds are taxable municipal obligations issued pursuant to the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (the Act) or other legislation providing for the issuance of taxable municipal debt on which the issuer receives federal support. Enacted in February 2009, the Act authorizes state and local governments to issue taxable bonds on which, assuming certain specified conditions are satisfied, issuers may either (i) receive reimbursement from the U.S. Treasury with respect to its interest payments on the bonds (direct pay Build America Bonds) or (ii) provide tax credits to investors in the bonds (tax credit Build America Bonds). Unlike most other municipal obligations, interest received on Build America Bonds is subject to federal income tax and may be subject to state income tax. Under the terms of the Act, issuers of direct pay Build America Bonds are entitled to receive reimbursement from the U.S. Treasury currently equal to 35% (or 45% in the case of Recovery Zone Economic Development Bonds) of the interest paid. Holders of tax credit Build America Bonds can receive a federal tax credit currently equal to 35% of the coupon interest received. The Fund may invest in principal only strips of tax credit Build America Bonds, which entitle the holder to receive par value of such bonds if held to maturity. The Fund does not expect to receive (or pass through to shareholders) tax credits as a result of its investments. The federal interest subsidy or tax credit continues for the life of the bonds. Build America Bonds are an alternative form of financing to state and local governments whose primary means for accessing the capital markets has been through issuance of tax-free municipal bonds. Build America Bonds can appeal to a broader array of investors than the high income U.S. taxpayers that have traditionally provided the market for municipal bonds. Build America Bonds may provide a lower net cost of funds to issuers. Pursuant to the terms of the Act, the issuance of Build America Bonds ceased on December 31, 2010. As a result, the availability of such bonds is limited and the market for the bonds and/or their liquidity may be affected. |
Call and Put Features on Obligations |
Issuers of obligations may reserve the right to call (redeem) the obligation. If an issuer redeems an obligation with a call right during a time of declining interest rates, the holder of the obligation may not be able to reinvest the proceeds in securities providing the same investment return as provided by the securities redeemed. Some obligations may have put or demand features that allow early redemption by the holder. Longer term fixed-rate bonds may give the holder a right to request redemption at certain times (often annually after the lapse of an intermediate term). This put or demand feature enhances an obligations liquidity by shortening its effective maturity and enables the security to trade at a price equal to or very close to par. If a demand feature terminates prior to being exercised, the holder of the obligation would be subject to the longer maturity of the obligation, which could experience substantially more volatility. Obligations with a put or demand feature are more defensive than conventional long term bonds (protecting to some degree against a rise in interest rates) while providing greater opportunity than comparable intermediate term bonds, because they can be retained if interest rates decline. |
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
41
SAI dated August 1, 2012
Cash Equivalents |
Cash equivalents include short term, high quality, U.S. dollar denominated instruments such as commercial paper, certificates of deposit and bankers acceptances issued by U.S. or foreign banks, and Treasury bills and other obligations with a maturity of one year or less, including those issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies and instrumentalities. See U.S. Government Securities below. Certificates of deposit are certificates issued against funds deposited in a commercial bank, are for a definite period of time, earn a specified rate of return, and are normally negotiable. Bankers acceptances are short-term credit instruments used to finance the import, export, transfer or storage of goods. They are termed accepted when a bank guarantees their payment at maturity. |
|
The obligations of foreign branches of U.S. banks may be general obligations of the parent bank in addition to the issuing branch, or may be limited by the terms of a specific obligation and by governmental regulation. Payment of interest and principal upon these obligations may also be affected by governmental action in the country of domicile of the branch (generally referred to as sovereign risk). In addition, evidence of ownership of portfolio securities may be held outside of the U.S. and generally will be subject to the risks associated with the holding of such property overseas. Various provisions of U.S. law governing the establishment and operation of domestic branches do not apply to foreign branches of domestic banks. The obligations of U.S. branches of foreign banks may be general obligations of the parent bank in addition to the issuing branch, or may be limited by the terms of a specific obligation and by federal and state regulation as well as by governmental action in the country in which the foreign bank has its head office. |
|
Cash equivalents are often acquired directly from the issuers thereof or otherwise are normally traded on a net basis (without commission) through broker-dealers and banks acting for their own account. Such firms attempt to profit from such transactions by buying at the bid price and selling at the higher asked price of the market, and the difference is customarily referred to as the spread. Cash equivalents may be adversely affected by market and economic events, such as a sharp rise in prevailing short-term interest rates; adverse developments in the banking industry, which issues or guarantees many money market securities; adverse economic, political or other developments affecting domestic issuers of money market securities; changes in the credit quality of issuers; and default by a counterparty. These securities may be subject to federal income, state income and/or other taxes. Instead of investing in cash equivalents directly, the Fund may invest in an affiliated money market fund (such as Eaton Vance Cash Reserves Fund, LLC which is managed by Eaton Vance) or unaffiliated money market fund. |
Collateralized Mortgage Obligations (CMOs) |
CMOs are backed by a pool of mortgages or mortgage loans. The key feature of the CMO structure is the prioritization of the cash flows from the pool of mortgages among the several classes, or tranches, of the CMO, thereby creating a series of obligations with varying rates and maturities. Senior CMO classes will typically have priority over residual CMOs as to the receipt of principal and or interest payments on the underlying mortgages. CMOs also issue sequential and parallel pay classes, including planned amortization class and target amortization classes and fixed and floating rate CMO tranches. CMOs issued by U.S. government agencies are backed by agency mortgages, while privately issued CMOs may be backed by either government agency mortgages or private mortgages. Payments of principal and interest are passed through to each CMO tranche at varying schedules resulting in bonds with different coupons, effective maturities and sensitivities to interest rates. Parallel pay CMOs are structured to provide payments of principal on each payment date to more than one class, concurrently on a proportionate or disproportionate basis. Sequential pay CMOs generally pay principal to only one class at a time while paying interest to several classes. CMOs generally are secured by an assignment to a trustee under the indenture pursuant to which the bonds are issued as collateral consisting of a pool of mortgages. Payments with respect to the underlying mortgages generally are made to the trustee under the indenture. CMOs are designed to be retired as the underlying mortgages are repaid. In the event of sufficient early prepayments on such mortgages, the class or series of CMO first to mature generally will be retired prior to maturity. Therefore, although in most cases the issuer of CMOs will not supply additional collateral in the event of such prepayments, there will be sufficient collateral to secure CMOs that remain outstanding. Floating rate CMO tranches carry interest rates that are tied in a fixed relationship to an index subject to an upper limit, or cap, and sometimes to a lower limit, or floor. CMOs may be less liquid and may exhibit greater price volatility than other types of mortgage- or asset-backed securities. |
Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities (CMBS) |
CMBS include securities that reflect an interest in, and are secured by, mortgage loans on commercial real property, such as hotels, office buildings, retail stores, hospitals and other commercial buildings. CMBS may have a lower repayment uncertainty than other mortgage-related securities because commercial mortgage loans generally prohibit or impose penalties on prepayment of principal. The risks of investing in CMBS reflect the risks of investing in the real estate securing the underlying mortgage loans, including the effects of local and other economic conditions on real estate markets, the ability of tenants to make loan payment, and the ability of a property to attract and retain tenants. CMBS may be less liquid and may exhibit greater price volatility than other types of mortgage- or asset-backed securities. |
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Commodity-Related Investments |
The value of commodities investments will generally be affected by overall market movements and factors specific to a particular industry or commodity, which may include weather, embargoes, tariffs, and health, political, international and regulatory developments. Economic and other events (whether real or perceived) can reduce the demand for commodities, which may reduce market prices and cause the value of Fund shares to fall. The frequency and magnitude of such changes cannot be predicted. Exposure to commodities and commodities markets may subject the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities. No active trading market may exist for certain commodities investments, which may impair the ability of the Fund to sell or to realize the full value of such investments in the event of the need to liquidate such investments. In addition, adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of actively traded commodities investments. Certain types of commodities instruments (such as total return swaps and commodity-linked notes) are subject to the risk that the counterparty to the instrument will not perform or will be unable to perform in accordance with the terms of the instrument. To the extent commodity-related investments are held through the Subsidiary, the Subsidiary is not subject to U.S. laws (including securities laws) and their protections. The Subsidiary is subject to the laws of the Cayman Islands, a foreign jurisdiction, and can be affected by developments in that jurisdiction. |
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Certain commodities are subject to limited pricing flexibility because of supply and demand factors. Others are subject to broad price fluctuations as a result of the volatility of the prices for certain raw materials and the instability of supplies of other materials. These additional variables may create additional investment risks and result in greater volatility than investments in traditional securities. The commodities which underlie commodity futures contracts and commodity swaps may be subject to additional economic and non-economic variables, such as drought, floods, weather, livestock disease, embargoes, tariffs, and international economic, political and regulatory developments. Unlike the financial futures markets, in the commodity futures markets there are costs of physical storage associated with purchasing the underlying commodity. The price of the commodity futures contract will reflect the storage costs of purchasing the physical commodity, including the time value of money invested in the physical commodity. To the extent that the storage costs for an underlying commodity change while the Fund is invested in futures contracts on that commodity, the value of the futures contract may change proportionately. |
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In the commodity futures markets, producers of the underlying commodity may decide to hedge the price risk of selling the commodity by selling futures contracts today to lock in the price of the commodity at delivery tomorrow. In order to induce speculators to purchase the other side of the same futures contract, the commodity producer generally must sell the futures contract at a lower price than the expected future spot price. Conversely, if most hedgers in the futures market are purchasing futures contracts to hedge against a rise in prices, then speculators will only sell the other side of the futures contract at a higher futures price than the expected future spot price of the commodity. The changing nature of the hedgers and speculators in the commodity markets will influence whether futures prices are above or below the expected future spot price, which can have significant implications for the Fund. If the nature of hedgers and speculators in futures markets has shifted when it is time for the Fund to reinvest the proceeds of a maturing contract in a new futures contract, the Fund might reinvest at higher or lower futures prices, or choose to pursue other investments. |
Common Stocks |
Common stock represents an equity ownership interest in the issuing corporation. Holders of common stock generally have voting rights in the issuer and are entitled to receive common stock dividends when, as and if declared by the corporations board of directors. Common stock normally occupies the most subordinated position in an issuers capital structure. Returns on common stock investments consist of any dividends received plus the amount of appreciation or depreciation in the value of the stock. |
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Although common stocks have historically generated higher average returns than fixed-income securities over the long term and particularly during periods of high or rising concerns about inflation, common stocks also have experienced significantly more volatility in returns and may not maintain their real value during inflationary periods. An adverse event, such as an unfavorable earnings report, may depress the value of a particular common stock. Also, the prices of common stocks are sensitive to general movements in the stock market and a drop in the stock market may depress the price of common stocks. Common stock prices fluctuate for many reasons, including changes in investors perceptions of the financial condition of an issuer or the general condition of the relevant stock market, or when political or economic events affecting the issuer occur. In addition, common stock prices may be sensitive to rising interest rates as the costs of capital rise and borrowing costs increase. |
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Convertible Securities |
A convertible security is a bond, debenture, note, preferred security, or other security that entitles the holder to acquire common stock or other equity securities of the same or a different issuer. A convertible security entitles the holder to receive interest paid or accrued on debt or the dividend paid on preferred securities until the convertible security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged. Before conversion, convertible securities have characteristics similar to nonconvertible income securities in that they ordinarily provide a stable stream of income with generally higher yields than those of common stocks of the same or similar issuers, but lower yields than comparable nonconvertible securities. The value of a convertible security is influenced by changes in interest rates, with investment value declining as interest rates increase and increasing as interest rates decline. The credit standing of the issuer and other factors also may have an effect on the convertible securitys investment value. A convertible security rank senior to common stock in a corporations capital structure but are usually subordinated to comparable nonconvertible securities. Convertible securities may be purchased for their appreciation potential when they yield more than the underlying securities at the time of purchase or when they are considered to present less risk of principal loss than the underlying securities. Generally speaking, the interest or dividend yield of a convertible security is somewhat less than that of a non-convertible security of similar quality issued by the same company. A convertible security may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a price established in the convertible securitys governing instrument. |
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Convertible securities are issued and traded in a number of securities markets. Even in cases where a substantial portion of the convertible securities held by the Fund are denominated in U.S. dollars, the underlying equity securities may be quoted in the currency of the country where the issuer is domiciled. As a result, fluctuations in the exchange rate between the currency in which the debt security is denominated and the currency in which the share price is quoted will affect the value of the convertible security. With respect to convertible securities denominated in a currency different from that of the underlying equity securities, the conversion price may be based on a fixed exchange rate established at the time the securities are issued, which may increase the effects of currency risk. |
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Holders of convertible securities generally have a claim on the assets of the issuer prior to the common stockholders but may be subordinated to other debt securities of the same issuer. Certain convertible debt securities may provide a put option to the holder, which entitles the holder to cause the securities to be redeemed by the issuer at a premium over the stated principal amount of the debt securities under certain circumstances. |
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Synthetic convertible securities may include either cash-settled convertibles or manufactured convertibles. Cash-settled convertibles are instruments that are created by the issuer and have the economic characteristics of traditional convertible securities but may not actually permit conversion into the underlying equity securities in all circumstances. As an example, a private company may issue a cash-settled convertible that is convertible into common stock only if the company successfully completes a public offering of its common stock prior to maturity and otherwise pays a cash amount to reflect any equity appreciation. Manufactured convertibles are created by the investment adviser or another party by combining separate securities that possess one of the two principal characteristics of a convertible security, i.e. , fixed-income (fixed-income component) or a right to acquire equity securities (convertibility component). The fixed-income component is achieved by investing in nonconvertible fixed-income securities, such as nonconvertible bonds, preferred securities and money market instruments. The convertibility component is achieved by investing in call options, warrants, or other securities with equity conversion features (equity features) granting the holder the right to purchase a specified quantity of the underlying stocks within a specified period of time at a specified price or, in the case of a stock index option, the right to receive a cash payment based on the value of the underlying stock index. A manufactured convertible differs from traditional convertible securities in several respects. Unlike a traditional convertible security, which is a single security that has a unitary market value, a manufactured convertible is comprised of two or more separate securities, each with its own market value. Therefore, the total market value of such a manufactured convertible is the sum of the values of its fixed-income component and its convertibility component. More flexibility is possible in the creation of a manufactured convertible than in the purchase of a traditional convertible security. Because many corporations have not issued convertible securities, the investment adviser may combine a fixed-income instrument and an equity feature with respect to the stock of the issuer of the fixed-income instrument to create a synthetic convertible security otherwise unavailable in the market. The investment adviser may also combine a fixed-income instrument of an issuer with an equity feature with respect to the stock of a different issuer when the investment adviser believes such a manufactured convertible would better promote the Funds objective than alternative investments. For example, the investment adviser may combine an equity feature with respect to an issuers stock with a fixed-income security of a different issuer in the same industry to diversify the Funds credit exposure, or with a U.S. Treasury instrument to create a manufactured convertible with a higher credit profile than a traditional convertible security issued by that issuer. A manufactured convertible also is a more flexible investment in that its two components may be purchased separately and, upon purchasing the separate securities, combined to create a manufactured convertible. For example, the Fund may purchase a warrant for eventual inclusion in a manufactured convertible while postponing the purchase of a suitable bond to pair with the warrant pending development of more favorable market conditions. The value of a manufactured convertible may respond to certain market fluctuations differently from a traditional convertible security with similar characteristics. For example, in the event the Fund created a manufactured convertible by combining a short-term U.S. Treasury instrument and a call option on a stock, the manufactured convertible would be expected to outperform a traditional convertible of similar maturity that is convertible into that stock during periods when Treasury instruments outperform corporate fixed-income securities and underperform during periods when corporate fixed-income securities outperform Treasury instruments. |
Credit Linked Securities |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Credit linked securities are issued by a limited purpose trust or other vehicle that, in turn, invests in a derivative instrument or basket of derivative instruments, such as credit default swaps, interest rate swaps, and other securities in order to provide exposure to certain fixed-income markets. Credit linked securities may be used as a cash management tool in order to gain exposure to a certain market and to remain fully invested when more traditional income producing securities are not available. Like an investment in a bond, investments in credit linked securities represent the right to receive periodic income payments (in the form of distributions) and payment of principal at the end of the term of the security. However, these payments are conditioned on the issuers receipt of payments from, and the issuers potential obligations to, the counterparties to the derivative instruments and other securities in which the issuer invests. An issuer may sell one or more credit default swaps, under which the issuer would receive a stream of payments over the term of the swap agreements provided that no event of default has occurred with respect to the referenced debt obligation upon which the swap is based. If a default occurs, the stream of payments may stop and the issuer would be obligated to pay the counterparty the par (or other agreed upon value) of the referenced debt obligation. This, in turn, would reduce the amount of income and principal that the holder of the credit linked security would receive. Credit linked securities generally will be exempt from registration under the 1933 Act. Accordingly, there may be no established trading market for the securities and they may constitute illiquid investments. |
Derivative Instruments and Related Risks |
Generally, derivatives can be characterized as financial instruments whose performance is derived at least in part from the performance of an underlying reference instrument. Derivative instruments may be acquired in the United States or abroad and include the various types of exchange-traded and over-the-counter (OTC) instruments described herein and other instruments with substantially similar characteristics and risks. Derivative instruments may be based on securities, indices, currencies, commodities, economic indicators and events (referred to as reference instruments). Fund obligations created pursuant to derivative instruments may be subject to the requirements described under Asset Coverage herein. |
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Derivative instruments are subject to a number of risks, including adverse or unexpected movements in the price of the reference instrument, and counterparty, liquidity, tax, correlation and leverage risks. Use of derivative instruments may cause the realization of higher amounts of short-term capital gains (generally taxed at ordinary income tax rates) than if such instruments had not been used. Success in using derivative instruments to hedge portfolio assets depends on the degree of price correlation between the derivative instruments and the hedged asset. Imperfect correlation may be caused by several factors, including temporary price disparities among the trading markets for the derivative instrument, the reference instrument and the Funds assets. To the extent that a derivative instrument is intended to hedge against an event that does not occur, the Fund may realize losses. |
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OTC derivative instruments involve an additional risk in that the issuer or counterparty will fail to perform its contractual obligations. Some derivative instruments are not readily marketable or may become illiquid under adverse market conditions. In addition, during periods of market volatility, a commodity exchange may suspend or limit trading in an exchange-traded derivative instrument, which may make the contract temporarily illiquid and difficult to price. Commodity exchanges may also establish daily limits on the amount that the price of a futures contract or futures option can vary from the previous days settlement price. Once the daily limit is reached, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond the limit. This may prevent the closing out of positions to limit losses. The staff of the SEC takes the position that certain purchased OTC options, and assets used as cover for written OTC options, are illiquid. The ability to terminate OTC derivative instruments may depend on the cooperation of the counterparties to such contracts. For thinly traded derivative instruments, the only source of price quotations may be the selling dealer or counterparty. In addition, certain provisions of the Code limit the use of derivative instruments. Derivatives permit the Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk, or change the character of the risk, to which its portfolio is exposed in much the same way as the Fund can increase or decrease the level of risk, or change the character of the risk, of its portfolio by making investments in specific securities. There can be no assurance that the use of derivative instruments will benefit the Fund. |
Direct Investments |
Direct investments include (i) the private purchase from an enterprise of an equity interest in the enterprise in the form of shares of common stock or equity interests in trusts, partnerships, joint ventures or similar enterprises, and (ii) the purchase of such an equity interest in an enterprise from a principal investor in the enterprise. At the time of making a direct investment, the Fund will enter into a shareholder or similar agreement with the enterprise and one or more other holders of equity interests in the enterprise. These agreements may, in appropriate circumstances, provide the ability to appoint a representative to the board of directors or similar body of the enterprise and for eventual disposition of the investment in the enterprise. Such a representative would be expected to monitor the investment and protect the Funds rights in the investment and would not be appointed for the purpose of exercising management or control of the enterprise. |
Diversified Status |
With respect to 75% of its total assets, an investment company that is registered with the SEC as a diversified fund: (1) may not invest more than 5% of its total assets in the securities of any one issuer (except obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities and securities of other investment companies); and (2) may not own more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any one issuer. |
Dividend Capture Trading |
In a dividend capture trade, the Fund sells a stock that has gone ex-dividend to purchase another stock paying a dividend before the next dividend of the stock being sold. The use of a dividend capture trading strategy exposes the Fund to higher portfolio turnover, increased trading costs and potential for capital loss or gain, particularly in the event of significant short-term price movements of stocks subject to dividend capture trading. |
Duration |
Duration measures the time-weighted expected cash flows of a fixed-income security, which can determine its sensitivity to changes in the general level of interest rates. Securities with longer durations generally tend to be more sensitive to interest rate changes than securities with shorter durations. A mutual fund with a longer dollar-weighted average duration generally can be expected to be more sensitive to interest rate changes than a fund with a shorter dollar-weighted average duration. Duration differs from maturity in that it considers a securitys coupon payments in addition to the amount of time until the security matures. Various techniques may be used to shorten or lengthen Fund duration. As the value of a security changes over time, so will its duration. The duration of a Fund that invests in multiple Portfolios is the sum of its allocable share of the duration of each of the Portfolios in which it invests, which is determined by multiplying the Portfolios duration by the Funds percentage ownership of that Portfolio. |
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Emerging Market Investments |
The risks described under Foreign Investments herein generally are heightened in connection with investments in emerging markets. Also, investments in securities of issuers domiciled in countries with emerging capital markets may involve certain additional risks that do not generally apply to investments in securities of issuers in more developed capital markets, such as (i) low or non-existent trading volume, resulting in a lack of liquidity and increased volatility in prices for such securities, as compared to securities of comparable issuers in more developed capital markets; (ii) uncertain national policies and social, political and economic instability, increasing the potential for expropriation of assets, confiscatory taxation, high rates of inflation or unfavorable diplomatic developments; (iii) possible fluctuations in exchange rates, differing legal systems and the existence or possible imposition of exchange controls, custodial restrictions or other foreign or U.S. governmental laws or restrictions applicable to such investments; (iv) national policies that may limit investment opportunities, such as restrictions on investment in issuers or industries deemed sensitive to national interests; and (v) the lack or relatively early development of legal structures governing private and foreign investments and private property. Trading practices in emerging markets also may be less developed, resulting in inefficiencies relative to trading in more developed markets, which may result in increased transaction costs. |
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Repatriation of investment income, capital and proceeds of sales by foreign investors may require governmental registration and/or approval in emerging market countries. There can be no assurance that repatriation of income, gain or initial capital from these countries will occur. In addition to withholding taxes on investment income, some countries with emerging markets may impose differential capital gains taxes on foreign investors. |
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Political and economic structures in emerging market countries may undergo significant evolution and rapid development, and these countries may lack the social, political and economic stability characteristic of more developed countries. In such a dynamic environment, there can be no assurance that any or all of these capital markets will continue to present viable investment opportunities. In the past, governments of such nations have expropriated substantial amounts of private property, and most claims of the property owners have never been fully settled. There is no assurance that such expropriations will not reoccur. In such an event, it is possible that the entire value of an investment in the affected market could be lost. In addition, unanticipated political or social developments may affect the value of investments in these countries and the availability of additional investments. The small size and inexperience of the securities markets in certain of these countries and the limited volume of trading in securities in these countries may make investments in the countries illiquid and more volatile than investments in developed markets. |
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Also, there may be less publicly available information about issuers in emerging markets than would be available about issuers in more developed capital markets, and such issuers may not be subject to accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and requirements comparable to those to which U.S. companies are subject. In certain countries with emerging capital markets, reporting standards vary widely. As a result, traditional investment measurements used in the United States, such as price/earnings ratios, may not be applicable. Certain emerging market securities may be held by a limited number of persons. This may adversely affect the timing and pricing of the acquisition or disposal of securities. The prices at which investments may be acquired may be affected by trading by persons with material non-public information and by securities transactions by brokers in anticipation of transactions in particular securities. |
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Practices in relation to settlement of securities transactions in emerging markets involve higher risks than those in developed markets, in part because brokers and counterparties in such markets may be less well capitalized, and custody and registration of assets in some countries may be unreliable. The possibility of fraud, negligence, undue influence being exerted by the issuer or refusal to recognize ownership exists in some emerging markets. As an alternative to investing directly in emerging markets, exposure may be obtained through derivative investments. |
Equity Investments |
Equity investments include common and preferred stocks (see Preferred Securities); equity interests in trusts, partnerships, joint ventures and other unincorporated entities or enterprises; convertible preferred securities and other convertible debt instruments; and warrants. |
Equity Linked Securities |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Equity linked securities are privately issued securities whose investment results are designed to correspond generally to the performance of a specified stock index or basket of securities, or sometimes a single stock. These securities are used for many of the same purposes as derivative instruments and share many of the same risks. Equity linked securities may be considered illiquid and thus subject to the Funds restrictions on investments in illiquid securities. |
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Events Regarding FNMA and FHLMC |
The value of FNMA and FHLMC securities fell sharply in 2008 due to concerns that these agencies did not have sufficient capital to offset losses. In mid-2008, the U.S. Treasury Department was authorized to increase the size of home loans that FNMA and FHLMC could purchase in certain residential areas and, until 2009, to lend FNMA and FHLMC emergency funds and to purchase the companies stock. In September 2008, the U.S. Treasury Department announced that FNMA and FHLMC had been placed in conservatorship by the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA), a newly created independent regulator. In connection with the conservatorship, the U.S. Treasury Department entered into Senior Preferred Stock Purchase Agreements (PSPAs) under which, if the FHFA determines that the liabilities of FNMA and FHLMC have exceeded their assets under generally accepted accounting principles, the U.S. Treasury Department will contribute cash capital to the company in an amount equal to the difference between liabilities and assets. The PSPAs are designed to provide protection to the senior and subordinated debt and the MBS issued by FNMA and FHLMC. On February 18, 2009, the U.S. Treasury Department announced that it was doubling the size of its commitment to each of FNMA and FHLMC under the Senior Preferred Stock Program to $200 billion. The U.S. Treasury Departments obligations under the Senior Preferred Stock Program are for an indefinite period of time for a maximum amount of $200 billion per entity. FNMA and FHLMC are continuing to operate as going concerns while in conservatorship, and each remains liable for all of its obligations, including its guaranty obligations, associated with its mortgage-backed securities. The Senior Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement is intended to enhance each of FNMA and FHLMCs ability to meet its obligations. FHFA has indicated that the conservatorship of each entity will end when the director of FHFA determines that FHFAs plan to restore the entity to a safe and solvent condition has been completed. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Treasury Department initiatives discussed above with respect to the debt and mortgage-backed securities issued by FNMA and FHLMC will be successful. |
Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) |
ETFs are pooled investment vehicles that are designed to provide investment results corresponding to an index. These indexes may be either broad-based, sector or international. ETFs usually are units of beneficial interest in an investment trust or represent undivided ownership interests in a portfolio of securities (or commodities), in each case with respect to a portfolio of all or substantially all of the component securities of, and in substantially the same weighting as, the relevant benchmark index. ETFs are designed to provide investment results that generally correspond to the price and yield performance of the component securities (or commodities) of the benchmark index. ETFs are listed on an exchange and trade in the secondary market on a per-share basis. The values of ETFs are subject to change as the values of their respective component securities (or commodities) fluctuate according to market volatility. Investments in ETFs may not exactly match the performance of a direct investment in the respective indices to which they are intended to correspond due to the temporary unavailability of certain index securities in the secondary market or other extraordinary circumstances, such as discrepancies with respect to the weighting of securities. Typically, the ETF bears its own operational expenses, which are deducted from its assets. To the extent that the Fund invests in ETFs, the Fund must bear these expenses in addition to the expenses of its own operation. |
Exchange-Traded Notes (ETNs) |
ETNs are senior, unsecured, unsubordinated debt securities whose returns are linked to the performance of a particular market benchmark or strategy minus applicable fees. ETNs are traded on an exchange during normal trading hours. However, investors can also hold the ETN until maturity. At maturity, the issuer pays to the investor a cash amount equal to the principal amount, subject to the days market benchmark or strategy factor. |
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ETNs do not make periodic coupon payments or provide principal protection. ETNs are subject to credit risk and the value of the ETN may drop due to a downgrade in the issuers credit rating, despite the underlying market benchmark or strategy remaining unchanged. The value of an ETN may also be influenced by time to maturity, level of supply and demand for the ETN, volatility and lack of liquidity in underlying assets, changes in the applicable interest rates, changes in the issuers credit rating, and economic, legal, political, or geographic events that affect the referenced underlying asset. When the Fund invests in ETNs it will bear its proportionate share of any fees and expenses borne by the ETN. The Funds decision to sell its ETN holdings may be limited by the availability of a secondary market. In addition, although an ETN may be listed on an exchange, the issuer may not be required to maintain the listing and there can be no assurance that a secondary market will exist for an ETN. |
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ETNs are subject to tax risk. No assurance can be given that the IRS will accept, or a court will uphold, how the Fund characterizes and treats ETNs for tax purposes. Further, the IRS and Congress are considering proposals that would change the timing and character of income and gains from ETNs. |
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An ETN that is tied to a specific market benchmark or strategy may not be able to replicate and maintain exactly the composition and relative weighting of securities, commodities or other components in the applicable market benchmark or strategy. Some ETNs that use leverage can, at times, be relatively illiquid and, thus, they may be difficult to purchase or sell at a fair price. Leveraged ETNs are subject to the same risk as other instruments that use leverage in any form. |
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Other potential foreign market risks include exchange controls, difficulties in valuing securities, defaults on foreign government securities, and difficulties of enforcing favorable legal judgments in foreign courts. Moreover, individual foreign economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy in such respects as growth of gross national product, reinvestment of capital, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency, and balance of payments position. Certain economies may rely heavily on particular industries or foreign capital and are more vulnerable to diplomatic developments, the imposition of economic sanctions against a particular country or countries, changes in international trading patterns, trade barriers, and other protectionist or retaliatory measures. Foreign securities markets, while growing in volume and sophistication, are generally not as developed as those in the United States. Foreign countries may not have the infrastructure or resources to respond to natural and other disasters that interfere with economic activities, which may adversely affect issuers located in such countries. |
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Settlement and clearance procedures in certain foreign markets differ significantly from those in the United States. Payment for securities before delivery may be required and in some countries delayed settlements are customary, which increases the Funds risk of loss. The Fund generally holds its foreign securities and related cash in foreign banks and securities depositories. Some foreign banks and securities depositories may be recently organized or new to the foreign custody business. In addition, there may be limited or no regulatory oversight over their operations. Also, the laws of certain countries may put limits on the Funds ability to recover its assets if a foreign bank, depository or issuer of a security or any of their agents goes bankrupt. Certain countries may require withholding on dividends paid on portfolio securities and on realized capital gains. |
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In addition, it is often more expensive to buy, sell and hold securities in certain foreign markets than in the United States. Foreign brokerage commissions are generally higher than commissions on securities traded in the United States and may be non-negotiable. The fees paid to foreign banks and securities depositories generally are higher than those charged by U.S. banks and depositories. The increased expense of investing in foreign markets reduces the amount earned on investments and typically results in a higher operating expense ratio for the Fund as compared to investment companies that invest only in the United States. |
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Depositary receipts (including American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) and Global Depositary Receipts GDRs)) are certificates evidencing ownership of shares of a foreign issuer and are alternatives to directly purchasing the underlying foreign securities in their national markets and currencies. However, they continue to be subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities. These risks include the political and economic risks of the underlying issuers country, as well as in the case of depositary receipts traded on foreign markets, exchange risk. Depositary receipts may be sponsored or unsponsored. Unsponsored depositary receipts are established without the participation of the issuer. As a result, available information concerning the issuer of an unsponsored depository receipt may not be as current as for sponsored depositary receipts, and the prices of unsponsored depositary receipts may be more volatile than if such instruments were sponsored by the issuer. Unsponsored depositary receipts may involve higher expenses, may not pass through voting or other shareholder rights and they may be less liquid. |
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Unless otherwise provided in the Funds prospectus, in determining the domicile of an issuer, the investment adviser may consider the domicile determination of the Funds benchmark index or a leading provider of global indexes and may take into account such factors as where the companys securities are listed, and where the company is legally organized, maintains principal corporate offices and/or conducts its principal operations. |
Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. A forward foreign currency exchange contract involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract. These contracts may be bought or sold to protect against an adverse change in the relationship between currencies or to increase exposure to a particular foreign currency. Cross-hedging may be done by using forward contracts in one currency (or basket of currencies) to hedge against fluctuations in the value of instruments denominated in a different currency (or the basket of currencies and the underlying currency). Use of a different foreign currency (for hedging or non-hedging purposes) magnifies exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. Forward foreign currency exchange contracts are individually negotiated and privately traded so they are dependent upon the creditworthiness of the counterparty. The precise matching of the forward contract amounts and the value of the instruments denominated in the corresponding currencies will not generally be possible. In addition, it may not be possible to hedge against long-term currency changes. |
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SAI dated August 1, 2012
High Yield Securities |
High yield securities (commonly referred to as junk bonds) are considered to be of below investment grade quality and generally provide greater income potential and/or increased opportunity for capital appreciation than investments in higher quality debt securities but they also typically entail greater potential price volatility and principal and income risk. High yield securities may be subject to higher risk and include certain corporate debt obligations, higher yielding preferred securities and mortgage-related securities, and securities convertible into the foregoing. They are regarded as predominantly speculative with respect to the entitys continuing ability to meet principal and interest payments. Also, their yields and market values may fluctuate more than higher rated securities. Fluctuations in value do not affect the cash income from the securities, but are reflected in the Funds net asset value. The greater risks and fluctuations in yield and value occur, in part, because investors generally perceive issuers of lower rated and unrated securities to be less creditworthy. The secondary market on which high yield securities are traded may be less liquid than the market for higher grade securities. |
Hybrid Instruments |
A hybrid instrument is a type of potentially high-risk derivative that combines a traditional stock, bond, or commodity with an option or forward contract. Generally, the principal amount, amount payable upon maturity or redemption, or interest rate of a hybrid is tied (positively or negatively) to the price of some commodity, currency or securities index or another interest rate or some other economic factor (each a benchmark). The interest rate or (unlike most fixed-income securities) the principal amount payable at maturity of a hybrid security may be increased or decreased, depending on changes in the value of the benchmark. An example of a hybrid instrument is a bond issued by an oil company that pays a small base level of interest with additional interest that accrues in correlation to the extent to which oil prices exceed a certain predetermined level. Such a hybrid instrument would be a combination of a bond and a call option on oil. |
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The risks of investing in hybrid instruments reflect a combination of the risks of investing in securities, options, futures and currencies. An investment in a hybrid instrument may entail significant risks that are not associated with a similar investment in a traditional debt instrument that has a fixed principal amount, is denominated in U.S. dollars or bears interest either at a fixed rate or a floating rate determined by reference to a common, nationally published benchmark. The risks of a particular hybrid instrument will depend upon the terms of the instrument, but may include the possibility of significant changes in the benchmark(s) or the prices of the underlying assets to which the instrument is linked. Such risks generally depend upon factors unrelated to the operations or credit quality of the issuer of the hybrid instrument, which may not be foreseen by the purchaser, such as economic and political events, the supply and demand of the underlying assets and interest rate movements. Hybrid instruments may be highly volatile and their use by the Fund may not be successful. Hybrid instruments may also carry liquidity risk since the instruments are often customized to meet the portfolio needs of a particular investor, and therefore, the number of investors that are willing and able to buy such instruments in the secondary market may be smaller than that for more traditional debt securities. |
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Hybrid instruments may bear interest or pay preferred dividends at below market (or even relatively nominal) rates. Alternatively, hybrid instruments may bear interest at above market rates but bear an increased risk of principal loss (or gain). The latter scenario may result if leverage is used to structure the hybrid instrument. Leverage risk occurs when the hybrid instrument is structured so that a given change in a benchmark or underlying asset is multiplied to produce a greater value change in the hybrid instrument, thereby magnifying the risk of loss as well as the potential for gain. |
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Hybrid instruments are potentially more volatile and carry greater market risks than traditional debt instruments. Depending on the structure of the particular hybrid instrument, changes in a benchmark may be magnified by the terms of the hybrid instrument and have an even more dramatic and substantial effect upon the value of the hybrid instrument. Also, the prices of the hybrid instrument and the benchmark or underlying asset may not move in the same direction or at the same time. |
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Hybrids can be used as an efficient means of pursuing a variety of investment goals, including currency hedging, duration management, and increased total return and creating exposure to a particular market or segment of that market. The value of a hybrid or its interest rate may be a multiple of a benchmark and, as a result, may be leveraged and move (up or down) more steeply and rapidly than the benchmark. These benchmarks may be sensitive to economic and political events, such as commodity shortages and currency devaluations, which cannot be readily foreseen by the purchaser of a hybrid. Under certain conditions, the redemption value of a hybrid could be zero. The purchase of hybrids also exposes the Fund to the credit risk of the issuer of the hybrids. These risks may cause significant fluctuations in the net asset value of the Fund. |
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
57
SAI dated August 1, 2012
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Certain hybrid instruments may provide exposure to the commodities markets. These are derivative securities with one or more commodity-linked components that have payment features similar to commodity futures contracts, commodity options, or similar instruments. Commodity-linked hybrid instruments may be either equity or debt securities, leveraged or unleveraged, and are considered hybrid instruments because they have both security and commodity-like characteristics. A portion of the value of these instruments may be derived from the value of a commodity, futures contract, index or other economic variable. The Fund will only invest in commodity-linked hybrid instruments that qualify under applicable rules of the CFTC for an exemption from the provisions of the CEA. Certain issuers of structured products such as hybrid instruments may be deemed to be investment companies as defined in the 1940 Act. As a result, the Funds investments in these products may be subject to limits applicable to investments in investment companies and may be subject to restrictions contained in the 1940 Act. |
Illiquid Securities |
Illiquid securities include securities legally restricted as to resale, and may include commercial paper issued pursuant to Section 4(2) of the 1933 Act and securities eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A thereunder. Section 4(2) and Rule 144A securities may, however, be treated as liquid by the investment adviser pursuant to procedures adopted by the Trustees, which require consideration of factors such as trading activity, availability of market quotations and number of dealers willing to purchase the security. Even if determined to be liquid, Rule 144A securities may increase the level of portfolio illiquidity if eligible buyers become uninterested in purchasing such securities. |
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It may be difficult to sell illiquid securities at a price representing fair value until such time as the securities may be sold publicly. It also may be more difficult to determine the fair value of such securities for purposes of computing the Funds net asset value. Where registration is required, a considerable period of time may elapse between a decision to sell the securities and the time when it would be permitted to sell. Thus, the Fund may not be able to obtain as favorable a price as that prevailing at the time of the decision to sell. The Fund may incur additional expense when disposing of illiquid securities, including all or a portion of the cost to register the securities. The Fund also may acquire securities through private placements under which it may agree to contractual restrictions on the resale of such securities that are in addition to applicable legal restrictions. Such restrictions might prevent the sale of such securities at a time when such sale would otherwise be desirable. |
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At times, a portion of the Funds assets may be invested in securities as to which the Fund, by itself or together with other accounts managed by the investment adviser and its affiliates, holds a major portion or all of such securities. Under adverse market or economic conditions or in the event of adverse changes in the financial condition of the issuer, the Fund could find it more difficult to sell such securities when the investment adviser believes it advisable to do so or may be able to sell such securities only at prices lower than if such securities were more widely held. It may also be more difficult to determine the fair value of such securities for purposes of computing the Funds net asset value. |
Indexed Securities |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Indexed securities are securities that fluctuate in value with an index. The interest rate or, in some cases, the principal payable at the maturity of an indexed security may change positively or inversely in relation to one or more interest rates, financial indices, securities prices or other financial indicators (reference prices). An indexed security may be leveraged to the extent that the magnitude of any change in the interest rate or principal payable on an indexed security is a multiple of the change in the reference price. Thus, indexed securities may decline in value due to adverse market changes in reference prices. Because indexed securities derive their value from another instrument, security or index, they are considered derivative debt securities, and are subject to different combinations of prepayment, extension, interest rate and/or other market risks. Indexed securities may include interest only (IO) and principal only (PO) securities, floating rate securities linked to the Cost of Funds Index (COFI floaters), other lagging rate floating securities, floating rate securities that are subject to a maximum interest rate (capped floaters), leveraged floating rate securities (super floaters), leveraged inverse floating rate securities (inverse floaters), dual index floaters, range floaters, index amortizing notes and various currency indexed notes. Indexed securities may be issued by the U.S. Government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities or, if privately issued, collateralized by mortgages that are insured, guaranteed or otherwise backed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities. |
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
58
SAI dated August 1, 2012
Inflation-Indexed (or Inflation-Linked) Bonds |
Inflation-indexed bonds are fixed-income securities the principal value of which is periodically adjusted according to the rate of inflation. Inflation-indexed bonds are issued by governments, their agencies or instrumentalities and corporations. Two structures are common: The U.S. Treasury and some other issuers use a structure that accrues inflation into the principal value of the bond. Most other issuers pay out the inflation accruals as part of a semiannual coupon. The principal amount of an inflation-indexed bond is adjusted in response to changes in the level of inflation. Repayment of the original bond principal upon maturity (as adjusted for inflation) is guaranteed in the case of U.S. Treasury inflation-indexed bonds, and therefore, the principal amount of such bonds cannot be reduced below par even during a period of deflation. However, the current market value of these bonds is not guaranteed and will fluctuate, reflecting the risk of changes in their yields. In certain jurisdictions outside the United States, the repayment of the original bond principal upon the maturity of an inflation-indexed bond is not guaranteed, allowing for the amount of the bond repaid at maturity to be less than par. The interest rate for inflation-indexed bonds is fixed at issuance as a percentage of this adjustable principal. Accordingly, the actual interest income may both rise and fall as the principal amount of the bonds adjusts in response to movements in the Consumer Price Index. |
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The value of inflation-indexed bonds is expected to change in response to changes in real interest rates. Real interest rates in turn are tied to the relationship between nominal interest rates and the rate of inflation. Therefore, if inflation were to rise at a faster rate than nominal interest rates, real interest rates might decline, leading to an increase in value of inflation-indexed bonds. In contrast, if nominal interest rates increased at a faster rate than inflation, real interest rates might rise, leading to a decrease in value of inflation-indexed bonds. While these securities are expected to be protected from long-term inflationary trends, short-term increases in inflation may lead to a decline in value. If interest rates rise due to reasons other than inflation (for example, due to changes in currency exchange rates), investors in these securities may not be protected to the extent that the increase is not reflected in the bonds inflation measure. |
Investments in the Subsidiary |
The Subsidiary is organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands, and is overseen by a sole director affiliated with Eaton Vance. The Fund is the sole shareholder of the Subsidiary, and it is not currently expected that shares of the Subsidiary will be sold or offered to other investors. The Subsidiary expects to invest primarily in commodity-linked derivative instruments, including swap agreements, commodity options, futures and options on futures, backed by a portfolio of inflation-indexed securities and other fixed-income securities and is also permitted to invest in any other investments permitted by the Fund. To the extent that the Fund invests in the Subsidiary, the Fund will be subject to the risks associated with those derivative instruments and other securities, which are discussed elsewhere in the Prospectus and this SAI. |
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While the Subsidiary may be operated similarly to the Fund, it is not registered under the 1940 Act and, unless otherwise noted in the Prospectus and this SAI, is not subject to the investor protections of the 1940 Act and other U.S. regulations. Changes in the laws of the U.S. and/or the Cayman Islands could result in the inability of the Fund and/or the Subsidiary to operate as described in the Prospectus and this SAI and could negatively affect the Fund and its shareholders. |
Junior Loans |
Secured and unsecured subordinated loans, second lien loans and subordinated bridge loans (Junior Loans) are generally second in line in terms of repayment priority. A second lien loan may have a claim on the same collateral pool as the first lien or it may be secured by a separate set of assets. Second lien loans generally give investors priority over general unsecured creditors in the event of an asset sale. |
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Bridge loans or bridge facilities are short-term loan arrangements (e.g., 12 to 18 months) typically made by a borrower in anticipation of intermediate-term or long-term permanent financing. Most bridge loans are structured as floating-rate debt with step-up provisions under which the interest rate on the bridge loan rises the longer the loan remains outstanding and may be converted into senior exchange notes if the loan has not been prepaid in full on or prior to its maturity date. Bridge loans may be subordinate to other debt and may be secured or unsecured. Bridge loans are generally made with the expectation that the borrower will be able to obtain permanent financing in the near future. Any delay in obtaining permanent financing subjects the bridge loan investor to increased risk. A borrower with an outstanding bridge loan may be unable to locate permanent financing to replace the bridge loan, which may impair the borrowers perceived creditworthiness. From time to time, the Fund may make a commitment to participate in a bridge loan facility, obligating itself to participate in the facility if it funds. In return for this commitment, the Fund receives a fee. |
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Junior Loans, which may be purchased either in the form of an assignment or a loan participation are subject to the same general risks inherent to any loan investment. Due to their lower place in the borrowers capital structure and possible unsecured status, Junior Loans involve a higher degree of overall risk than Senior Loans of the same borrower. |
Liquidity or Protective Put Agreements |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. The Fund may enter into a separate agreement with the seller of an instrument or some other person granting the Fund the right to put the instrument to the seller thereof or the other person at an agreed upon price. Interest income generated by certain municipal bonds with put or demand features may be taxable. |
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
60
SAI dated August 1, 2012
Loan Facility |
Senior Debt Portfolio may employ borrowings and leverage as described in the prospectus. The Portfolio has entered into a commercial paper program and liquidity facility subject to the terms of an Order of the SEC (Release No. 26320) granting an exemption from Section 18(f)(1) of the 1940 Act. The program, administered by Citicorp North America, Inc., is with certain conduit lenders who issue commercial paper, in an amount up to $640 million through which the Portfolio employs leverage pursuant to its investment guidelines and subject to the risks described in the Prospectus. Under the terms of the program, the Portfolio pays an annual fee equal to 0.65% on its outstanding borrowings for the administration of the program and an annual fee of either 0.35% or 0.45% on the total commitment amount depending on the amount of outstanding borrowings, as well as interest on advances under the program. |
Master Limited Partnerships (MLPs) |
MLPs are publicly-traded limited partnership interests or units. An MLP that invests in a particular industry (e.g., oil and gas) will be harmed by detrimental economic events within that industry. As partnerships, MLPs may be subject to less regulation (and less protection for investors) under state laws than corporations. In addition, MLPs may be subject to state taxation in certain jurisdictions, which may reduce the amount of income paid by an MLP to its investors. |
Mortgage-Backed Securities (MBS) |
MBS are pass through securities, meaning that a pro rata share of regular interest and principal payments, as well as unscheduled early prepayments, on the underlying mortgage pool is passed through monthly to the holder. MBS may include conventional mortgage pass through securities, participation interests in pools of adjustable and fixed rate mortgage loans, stripped mortgage-backed securities (described herein), floating rate mortgage-backed securities and certain classes of multiple class CMOs. MBS pay principal to the holder over their term, which differs from other forms of debt securities that normally provide for principal payment at maturity or specified call dates. MBS are subject to the general risks associated with investing in real estate securities; that is, they may lose value if the value of the underlying real estate to which a pool of mortgages relates declines. In addition, investments in MBS involve certain specific risks, including the failure of a party to meet its commitments under the related operative documents, adverse interest rate changes and the effects of prepayments on mortgage cash flows. Certain MBS may be purchased on a when-issued basis subject to certain limitations and requirements. |
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There are currently three types of MBS: (1) those issued by the U.S. Government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities, such as the Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA), the Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (FHLMC); (2) those issued by private issuers that represent an interest in or are collateralized by pass through securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities; and (3) those issued by private issuers that represent an interest in or are collateralized by whole mortgage loans or pass through securities without a government guarantee but that usually have some form of private credit enhancement. Privately issued MBS are structured similar to GNMA, FNMA and FHLMC MBS, and are issued by originators or and investors in mortgage loans, including depositary institutions mortgage banks and special purpose subsidiaries of the foregoing. |
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GNMA Certificates and FNMA Mortgage-Backed Certificates are MBS representing part ownership of a pool of mortgage loans. GNMA loans (issued by lenders such as mortgage bankers, commercial banks and savings and loan associations) are either insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the Veterans Administration. A pool of such mortgages is assembled and, after being approved by GNMA, is offered to investors through securities dealers. Once such pool is approved by GNMA, the timely payment of interest and principal on the Certificates issued representing such pool is guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. GNMA is a wholly owned U.S. Government corporation within the Department of Housing and Urban Development. FNMA, a federally chartered corporation owned entirely by private stockholders, purchases both conventional and federally insured or guaranteed residential mortgages from various entities, including savings and loan associations, savings banks, commercial banks, credit unions and mortgage bankers, and packages pools of such mortgages in the form of pass-through securities generally called FNMA Mortgage-Backed Certificates, which are guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest by FNMA but are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government; however, they are supported by the right of FNMA to borrow from the U.S. Treasury Department. |
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FHLMC, a corporate instrumentality of the U.S. Government created by Congress for the purposes of increasing the availability of mortgage credit for residential housing, issues participation certificates (PCs) representing undivided interest in FHLMCS mortgage portfolio. While FHLMC guarantees the timely payment of interest and ultimate collection of the principal of its PCs, its PCs are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. FHLMC PCs differ from GNMA Certificates in that the mortgages underlying the PCs are monthly conventional mortgages rather than mortgages insured or guaranteed by a federal agency or instrumentality. However, in several other respects, such as the monthly pass-through of interest and principal (including unscheduled prepayments) and the unpredictability of future unscheduled prepayments on the underlying mortgage pools, FHLMC PCs are similar to GNMA Certificates. See also Events Regarding FNMA and FHLMC herein. |
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
62
SAI dated August 1, 2012
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
64
SAI dated August 1, 2012
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The ability of issuers of MLOs to make timely lease payments may be adversely impacted in general economic downturns and as relative governmental cost burdens are allocated and reallocated among federal, state and local governmental units. Such non-payment would result in a reduction of income from and value of the obligation. Issuers of MLOs might seek protection under the bankruptcy laws. In the event of bankruptcy of such an issuer, holders of MLOs could experience delays and limitations with respect to the collection of principal and interest on such MLOs and may not, in all circumstances, be able to collect all principal and interest to which it is entitled. To enforce its rights in the event of a default in lease payments, the Fund might take possession of and manage the assets securing the issuers obligations on such securities or otherwise incur costs to protect its right, which may increase the Funds operating expenses and adversely affect the net asset value of the Fund. When the lease contains a non-appropriation clause, however, the failure to pay would not be a default and the Fund would not have the right to take possession of the assets. Any income derived from the Funds ownership or operation of such assets may not be tax-exempt. |
Municipal Obligations |
Municipal obligations include debt obligations issued to obtain funds for various public purposes, including the construction of a wide range of public facilities, refunding of outstanding obligations and obtaining funds for general operating expenses and loans to other public institutions and facilities. Certain types of bonds are issued by or on behalf of public authorities to finance various privately owned or operated facilities, including certain facilities for the local furnishing of electric energy or gas, sewage facilities, solid waste disposal facilities and other specialized facilities. Municipal obligations include bonds as well as tax-exempt commercial paper, project notes and municipal notes such as tax, revenue and bond anticipation notes of short maturity, generally less than three years. While most municipal bonds pay a fixed rate of interest semiannually in cash, there are exceptions. Some bonds pay no periodic cash interest, but rather make a single payment at maturity representing both principal and interest. Some bonds may pay interest at a variable or floating rate. Bonds may be issued or subsequently offered with interest coupons materially greater or less than those then prevailing, with price adjustments reflecting such deviation. Municipal obligations also include trust certificates representing interests in municipal securities held by a trustee. The trust certificates may evidence ownership of future interest payments, principal payments or both on the underlying securities. |
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In general, there are three categories of municipal obligations, the interest on which is exempt from federal income tax and is not a tax preference item for purposes of the alternative minimum tax (AMT): (i) certain public purpose obligations (whenever issued), which include obligations issued directly by state and local governments or their agencies to fulfill essential governmental functions; (ii) certain obligations issued before August 8, 1986 for the benefit of non-governmental persons or entities; and (iii) certain private activity bonds issued after August 7, 1986 which include qualified Section 501(c)(3) bonds or refundings of certain obligations included in the second category. Opinions relating to the validity of municipal bonds, exclusion of municipal bond interest from an investors gross income for federal income tax purposes and, where applicable, state and local income tax, are rendered by bond counsel to the issuing authorities at the time of issuance. |
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Interest on certain private activity bonds issued after August 7, 1986 is exempt from regular federal income tax, but such interest (including a distribution by the Fund derived from such interest) is treated as a tax preference item which could subject the recipient to or increase the recipients liability for the AMT. For corporate shareholders, the Funds distributions derived from interest on all municipal obligations (whenever issued) are included in adjusted current earnings for purposes of the AMT as applied to corporations (to the extent not already included in alternative minimum taxable income as income attributable to private activity bonds). |
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The two principal classifications of municipal bonds are general obligation and revenue bonds. Issuers of general obligation bonds include states, counties, cities, towns and regional districts. The proceeds of these obligations are used to fund a wide range of public projects, including the construction or improvement of schools, highways and roads, water and sewer systems and a variety of other public purposes. The basic security of general obligation bonds is the issuers pledge of its faith, credit, and taxing power for the payment of principal and interest. The taxes that can be levied for the payment of debt service may be limited or unlimited as to rate and amount. |
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
65
SAI dated August 1, 2012
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Typically, the only security for a limited obligation or revenue bond is the net revenue derived from a particular facility or class of facilities financed thereby or, in some cases, from the proceeds of a special tax or other special revenues. Revenue bonds have been issued to fund a wide variety of revenue-producing public capital projects including: electric, gas, water and sewer systems; highways, bridges and tunnels; port and airport facilities; colleges and universities; hospitals; and convention, recreational, tribal gaming and housing facilities. Although the security behind these bonds varies widely, many lower rated bonds provide additional security in the form of a debt service reserve fund that may also be used to make principal and interest payments on the issuer's obligations. In addition, some revenue obligations (as well as general obligations) are insured by a bond insurance company or backed by a letter of credit issued by a banking institution. Revenue bonds also include, for example, pollution control, health care and housing bonds, which, although nominally issued by municipal authorities, are generally not secured by the taxing power of the municipality but by the revenues of the authority derived from payments by the private entity which owns or operates the facility financed with the proceeds of the bonds. Obligations of housing finance authorities have a wide range of security features, including reserve funds and insured or subsidized mortgages, as well as the net revenues from housing or other public projects. Many of these bonds do not generally constitute the pledge of the credit of the issuer of such bonds. The credit quality of such revenue bonds is usually directly related to the credit standing of the user of the facility being financed or of an institution which provides a guarantee, letter of credit or other credit enhancement for the bond issue. The Fund may on occasion acquire revenue bonds which carry warrants or similar rights covering equity securities. Such warrants or rights may be held indefinitely, but if exercised, the Fund anticipates that it would, under normal circumstances, dispose of any equity securities so acquired within a reasonable period of time. Investing in revenue bonds may involve (without limitation) the following risks. |
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Hospital bond ratings are often based on feasibility studies that contain projections of expenses, revenues and occupancy levels. A hospitals income available to service its debt may be influenced by demand for hospital services, management capabilities, the service area economy, efforts by insurers and government agencies to limit rates and expenses, competition, availability and expense of malpractice insurance, and Medicaid and Medicare funding. |
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Education-related bonds are comprised of two types: (i) those issued to finance projects for public and private colleges and universities, charter schools and private schools, and (ii) those representing pooled interests in student loans. Bonds issued to supply educational institutions with funding are subject to many risks, including the risks of unanticipated revenue decline, primarily the result of decreasing student enrollment, decreasing state and federal funding, or changes in general economic conditions. Additionally, higher than anticipated costs associated with salaries, utilities, insurance or other general expenses could impair the ability of a borrower to make annual debt service payments. Student loan revenue bonds are generally offered by state (or sub-state) authorities or commissions and are backed by pools of student loans. Underlying student loans may be guaranteed by state guarantee agencies and may be subject to reimbursement by the United States Department of Education through its guaranteed student loan program. Others may be private, uninsured loans made to parents or students which may be supported by reserves or other forms of credit enhancement. Cash flows supporting student loan revenue bonds are impacted by numerous factors, including the rate of student loan defaults, seasoning of the loan portfolio, and student repayment deferral periods of forbearance. Other risks associated with student loan revenue bonds include potential changes in federal legislation regarding student loan revenue bonds, state guarantee agency reimbursement and continued federal interest and other program subsidies currently in effect. |
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Transportation debt may be issued to finance the construction of airports, toll roads, highways, or other transit facilities. Airport bonds are dependent on the economic conditions of the airports service area and may be affected by the business strategies and fortunes of specific airlines. They may also be subject to competition from other airports and modes of transportation. Air traffic generally follows broader economic trends and is also affected by the price and availability of fuel. Toll road bonds are also affected by the cost and availability of fuel as well as toll levels, the presence of competing roads and the general economic health of an area. Fuel costs, transportation taxes and fees, and availability of fuel also affect other transportation-related securities, as do the presence of alternate forms of transportation, such as public transportation. |
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
66
SAI dated August 1, 2012
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Industrial development bonds are normally secured only by the revenues from the project and not by state or local government tax payments, they are subject to a wide variety of risks, many of which relate to the nature of the specific project. Generally, IDBs are sensitive to the risk of a slowdown in the economy. Electric utilities face problems in financing large construction programs in an inflationary period, cost increases and delay occasioned by safety and environmental considerations (particularly with respect to nuclear facilities), difficulty in obtaining fuel at reasonable prices, and in achieving timely and adequate rate relief from regulatory commissions, effects of energy conservation and limitations on the capacity of the capital market to absorb utility debt. Water and sewer revenue bonds are generally secured by the fees charged to each user of the service. The issuers of water and sewer revenue bonds generally enjoy a monopoly status and latitude in their ability to raise rates. However, lack of water supply due to insufficient rain, run-off, or snow pack can be a concern and has led to past defaults. Further, public resistance to rate increases, declining numbers of customers in a particular locale, costly environmental litigation, and Federal environmental mandates are challenges faced by issuers of water and sewer bonds. |
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The obligations of any person or entity to pay the principal of and interest on a municipal obligation are subject to the provisions of bankruptcy, insolvency and other laws affecting the rights and remedies of creditors, such as the Federal Bankruptcy Act, and laws, if any, that may be enacted by Congress or state legislatures extending the time for payment of principal or interest, or both, or imposing other constraints upon enforcement of such obligations. Certain bond structures may be subject to the risk that a taxing authority may issue an adverse ruling regarding tax-exempt status. There is also the possibility that as a result of adverse economic conditions (including unforeseen financial events, natural disasters and other conditions that may affect an issuers ability to pay its obligations), litigation or other conditions, the power or ability of any person or entity to pay when due principal of and interest on a municipal obligation may be materially affected or interest and principal previously paid may be required to be refunded. There have been instances of defaults and bankruptcies involving municipal obligations which were not foreseen by the financial and investment communities. The Fund will take whatever action it considers appropriate in the event of anticipated financial difficulties, default or bankruptcy of either the issuer of any municipal obligation or of the underlying source of funds for debt service. Such action may include: (i) retaining the services of various persons or firms (including affiliates of the investment adviser) to evaluate or protect any real estate, facilities or other assets securing any such obligation or acquired by the Fund as a result of any such event; (ii) managing (or engaging other persons to manage) or otherwise dealing with any real estate, facilities or other assets so acquired; and (iii) taking such other actions as the adviser (including, but not limited to, payment of operating or similar expenses of the underlying project) may deem appropriate to reduce the likelihood or severity of loss on the funds investment. The Fund will incur additional expenditures in taking protective action with respect to portfolio obligations in (or anticipated to be in) default and assets securing such obligations. |
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Historically, municipal bankruptcies have been rare and certain provisions of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code governing such bankruptcy are unclear. Further, the application of state law to municipal obligation issuers could produce varying results among the states or among municipal obligation issuers within a state. These uncertainties could have a significant impact on the prices of the municipal obligations in which the Fund invests. There could be economic, business or political developments or court decisions that adversely affect all municipal obligations in the same sector. Developments such as changes in healthcare regulations, environmental considerations related to construction, construction cost increases and labor problems, failure of healthcare facilities to maintain adequate occupancy levels, and inflation can affect municipal obligations in the same sector. As the similarity in issuers of municipal obligations held by the Fund increases, the potential for fluctuations in the Funds share price also may increase. |
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
67
SAI dated August 1, 2012
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The secondary market for some municipal obligations issued within a state (including issues that are privately placed with the Fund) is less liquid than that for taxable debt obligations or other more widely traded municipal obligations. No established resale market exists for certain of the municipal obligations in which the Fund may invest. The market for obligations rated below investment grade is also likely to be less liquid than the market for higher rated obligations. As a result, the Fund may be unable to dispose of these municipal obligations at times when it would otherwise wish to do so at the prices at which they are valued. Municipal obligations that are rated below investment grade but that, subsequent to the assignment of such rating, are backed by escrow accounts containing U.S. Government obligations may be determined by the investment adviser to be of investment grade quality for purposes of the Funds investment policies. In the case of a defaulted obligation, the Fund may incur additional expense seeking recovery of its investment. Defaulted obligations are denoted in the Portfolio of Investments in the Financial Statements included in the Funds reports to shareholders. The yields on municipal obligations depend on a variety of factors, including purposes of the issue and source of funds for repayment, general money market conditions, general conditions of the municipal bond market, size of a particular offering, maturity of the obligation and rating of the issue. The ratings of Moodys, S&P and Fitch represent their opinions as to the quality of the municipal obligations which they undertake to rate, and in the case of insurers, other factors including the claims-paying ability of such insurer. It should be emphasized, however, that ratings are based on judgment and are not absolute standards of quality. Consequently, municipal obligations with the same maturity, coupon and rating may have different yields while obligations of the same maturity and coupon with different ratings may have the same yield. In addition, the market price of such obligations will normally fluctuate with changes in interest rates, and therefore the net asset value of the Fund will be affected by such changes. |
Option Contracts |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. An option contract is a contract that gives the holder of the option, in return for a premium, the right to buy from (in the case of a call) or sell to (in the case of a put) the writer of the option the reference instrument underlying the option (or the cash value of the index) at a specified exercise price at any time during the term of the option. The writer of an option on a security has the obligation upon exercise of the option to deliver the reference instrument (or the cash) upon payment of the exercise price or to pay the exercise price upon delivery of the reference instrument (or the cash). Upon exercise of an index option, the writer of an option on an index is obligated to pay the difference between the cash value of the index and the exercise price multiplied by the specified multiplier for the index option. Options may be covered meaning that party required to deliver the reference instrument if the option is exercised owns that instrument (or has set aside sufficient assets to meet its obligation to deliver the instrument). Options may be listed on an exchange or traded in the OTC market. In general, exchange-traded options have standardized exercise prices and expiration dates and may require the parties to post margin against their obligations, and the performance of the parties' obligations in connection with such options is guaranteed by the exchange or a related clearing corporation. OTC options have more flexible terms negotiated between the buyer and the seller, but generally do not require the parties to post margin and are subject to greater credit risk. OTC options also involve greater liquidity risk. The staff of the SEC takes the position that certain purchased OTC options, and assets used as cover for written OTC options, are illiquid. Derivatives on economic indicators generally are offered in an auction format and are booked and settled as OTC options. Options on futures contracts are discussed herein under Futures Contracts. |
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If a written option expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a capital gain equal to the premium received at the time the option was written. If a purchased option expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a capital loss equal to the premium paid. Prior to the earlier of exercise or expiration, an exchange traded option may be closed out by an offsetting purchase or sale of an option of the same series (type, exchange, reference instrument, exercise price, and expiration). A capital gain will be realized from a closing purchase transaction if the cost of the closing option is less than the premium received from writing the option, or, if it is more, a capital loss will be realized. If the premium received from a closing sale transaction is more than the premium paid to purchase the option, the Fund will realize a capital gain or, if it is less, the Fund will realize a capital loss. The principal factors affecting the market value of a put or a call option include supply and demand, the current market price of the reference instrument in relation to the exercise price of the option, the volatility of the reference instrument, and the time remaining until the expiration date. There can be no assurance that a closing purchase or sale transaction can be consummated when desired. |
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Straddles are a combination of a call and a put written on the same reference instrument. A straddle is deemed to be covered when sufficient assets are deposited to meet the Funds immediate obligations. The same liquid assets may be used to cover both the call and put options where the exercise price of the call and put are the same, or the exercise price of the call is higher than that of the put. The Fund may also buy and write call options on the same reference instrument to cover its obligations. Because such combined options positions involve multiple trades, they result in higher transaction costs and may be more difficult to open or close. In an equity collar, the Fund simultaneously writes a call option and purchases a put option on the same instrument. |
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
69
SAI dated August 1, 2012
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
71
SAI dated August 1, 2012
Preferred Securities |
Preferred securities represent an equity ownership interest in the issuing corporation that has a higher claim on the assets and earnings than common stock. Preferred securities generally have a dividend that must be paid out before dividends to common stockholders and the shares usually do not have voting rights. Preferred securities involve credit risk, which is the risk that a preferred security will decline in price, or fail to pay dividends when expected, because the issuer experiences a decline in its financial status. While a part of an issuers equity structure, preferred securities may be considered to be fixed-income securities for purposes of the Funds investment restrictions. |
Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) |
Securities of companies in the real estate industry, such as REITs, are sensitive to factors, such as changes in: real estate values, property taxes, interest rates, cash flow of underlying real estate assets, occupancy rates, government regulations affecting zoning, land use, and rents, and the management skill and creditworthiness of the issuer. Companies in the real estate industry may also be subject to liabilities under environmental and hazardous waste laws, among others. Changes in underlying real estate values may have an exaggerated effect to the extent that REITs concentrate investments in particular geographic regions or property types. Investments in REITs may also be adversely affected by rising interest rates. By investing in REITs, the Fund will bear REIT expenses in addition to its own expenses. |
Repurchase Agreements |
Repurchase agreements involve the purchase of a security coupled with an agreement to resell at a specified date and price. In the event of the bankruptcy of the counterparty to a repurchase agreement, recovery of cash may be delayed. To the extent that, in the meantime, the value of the purchased securities may have decreased, a loss could result. Repurchase agreements that mature in more than seven days will be treated as illiquid. Unless the prospectus states otherwise, the terms of a repurchase agreement will provide that the value of the collateral underlying the repurchase agreement will always be at least equal to the repurchase price, including any accrued interest earned on the agreement, and will be marked to market daily. |
Residual Interest Bonds |
The Fund may invest in residual interest bonds in a trust that holds municipal securities. The interest rate payable on a residual interest bond bears an inverse relationship to the interest rate on another security issued by the trust. Because changes in the interest rate on the other security inversely affect the interest paid on the residual interest bond, the value and income of a residual interest bond is generally more volatile than that of a fixed rate bond. Residual interest bonds have interest rate adjustment formulas which generally reduce or, in the extreme, eliminate the interest paid to the Fund when short-term interest rates rise, and increase the interest paid to the Fund when short-term interest rates fall. Residual interest bonds have varying degrees of liquidity, and the market for these securities is relatively volatile. These securities tend to underperform the market for fixed rate bonds in a rising long-term interest rate environment, but tend to outperform the market for fixed rate bonds when long-term interest rates decline. Although volatile, residual interest bonds typically offer the potential for yields exceeding the yields available on fixed rate bonds with comparable credit quality and maturity. These securities usually permit the investor to convert the floating rate to a fixed rate (normally adjusted downward), and this optional conversion feature may provide a partial hedge against rising rates if exercised at an opportune time. While residual interest bonds expose the Fund to leverage risk because they provide two or more dollars of bond market exposure for every dollar invested, they are not subject to the Funds restrictions on borrowings. Under certain circumstances, the Fund may enter into a so-called shortfall and forbearance agreement with the sponsor of a residual interest bond held by the Fund. Such agreements commit the Fund to reimburse the sponsor of such residual interest bond, upon the termination of the trust issuing the residual interest bond, the difference between the liquidation value of the underlying security (which is the basis of the residual interest bond) and the principal amount due to the holders of the floating rate security issued in conjunction with the residual interest bond. Absent a shortfall and forebearance agreement, the Fund would not be required to make such a reimbursement. If the Fund chooses not to enter into such an agreement, the residual interest bond could be terminated and the Fund could incur a loss. The Funds investments in residual interest bonds and similar securities described in the Prospectus and this SAI will not be considered borrowing for purposes of the Funds restrictions on borrowing described herein and in the Prospectus |
Reverse Repurchase Agreements |
Under a reverse repurchase agreement, the Fund temporarily transfers possession of a portfolio instrument to another party, such as a bank or broker-dealer, in return for cash. At the same time, the Fund agrees to repurchase the instrument at an agreed upon time (normally within seven days) and price, which reflects an interest payment. The Fund may enter into a reverse repurchase agreement for various purposes, including, but not limited to, when it is able to invest the cash acquired at a rate higher than the cost of the agreement or as a means of raising cash to satisfy redemption requests without the necessity of selling portfolio assets. In a reverse repurchase agreement, any fluctuations in the market value of either the securities transferred to another party or the securities in which the proceeds may be invested would affect the market value of the Funds assets. As a result, such transactions may increase fluctuations in the value of the Fund. Because reverse repurchase agreements may be considered to be the practical equivalent of borrowing funds, they constitute a form of leverage. Such agreements will be treated as subject to investment restrictions regarding borrowings. If the Fund reinvests the proceeds of a reverse repurchase agreement at a rate lower than the cost of the agreement, entering into the agreement will lower the Funds yield. |
Royalty Bonds |
To the extent described in the Prospectus, the Fund may invest in royalty bonds. |
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
73
SAI dated August 1, 2012
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
75
SAI dated August 1, 2012
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
77
SAI dated August 1, 2012
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A financial institutions appointment as Agent may usually be terminated in the event that it fails to observe the requisite standard of care or becomes insolvent. A successor Agent would generally be appointed to replace the terminated Agent, and assets held by the Agent under the Loan Agreement should remain available to holders of Senior Loans. However, if assets held by the Agent for the benefit of the Fund were determined to be subject to the claims of the Agents general creditors, the Fund might incur certain costs and delays in realizing payment on a Senior Loan, or suffer a loss of principal and/or interest. In situations involving other Interposed Persons similar risks may arise. |
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Regulatory Changes . To the extent that legislation or state or federal regulators that regulate certain financial institutions impose additional requirements or restrictions with respect to the ability of such institutions to make loans, particularly in connection with highly leveraged transactions, the availability of Senior Loans for investment may be adversely affected. Further, such legislation or regulation could depress the market value of Senior Loans. |
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Additional Information. Interests in Senior Loans generally are not listed on any national securities exchange or automated quotation system and no active market may exist for many of certain Senior Loans. A secondary market exists for Senior Loans may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods. |
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From time to time the investment adviser and its affiliates may borrow money from various banks in connection with their business activities. Such banks may also sell interests in Senior Loans to or acquire them from the Fund or may be intermediate participants with respect to Senior Loans in which the Fund owns interests. Such banks may also act as Agents for Senior Loans held by the Fund. |
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The Fund may purchase and retain in its portfolio a Senior Loan where the borrower has experienced, or may be perceived to be likely to experience, credit problems, including involvement in or recent emergence from bankruptcy reorganization proceedings or other forms of debt restructuring. While such investments may provide opportunities for enhanced income as well as capital appreciation, they generally involve greater risk and may be considered speculative. The Fund may from time to time participate on ad-hoc committees formed by creditors to negotiate with the management of financially troubled borrowers. The Fund may incur legal fees as a result of such participation. In addition, such participation may restrict the Funds ability to trade in or acquire additional positions in a particular security when it might otherwise desire to do so. Participation by the Fund also may expose the Fund to potential liabilities under bankruptcy or other laws governing the rights of creditors and debtors. The Fund will participate on such committees only when the investment adviser believes that such participation is necessary or desirable to enforce the Funds rights as a creditor or to protect the value of a Senior Loan held by the Fund. |
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Lenders can be sued by other creditors and the debtor and its shareholders. Losses could be greater than the original loan amount and occur years after the loans recovery. If a borrower becomes involved in bankruptcy proceedings, a court may invalidate the Funds security interest in the loan collateral or subordinate the Funds rights under the loan agreement to the interests of the borrowers unsecured creditors or cause interest previously paid to be refunded to the borrower. There are also other events, such as the failure to perfect a security interest due to faulty documentation or faulty official filings, which could lead to the invalidation of the Funds security interest in loan collateral. If any of these events occur, the Funds performance could be negatively affected. |
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In some instances, other accounts managed by the investment adviser may hold other securities issued by borrowers the Senior Loans of which may be held by the Fund. These other securities may include, for example, debt securities that are subordinate to the Senior Loans held by the Fund, convertible debt or common or preferred equity securities. In certain circumstances, such as if the credit quality of the borrower deteriorates, the interests of holders of these other securities may conflict with the interests of the holders of the borrowers Senior Loans. In such cases, the investment adviser may owe conflicting fiduciary duties to the Fund and other client accounts. The investment adviser will endeavor to carry out its obligations to all of its clients to the fullest extent possible, recognizing that in some cases certain clients may achieve a lower economic return, as a result of these conflicting client interests, than if the investment advisers client accounts collectively held only a single category of the issuers securities. |
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The Fund may acquire warrants and other equity securities as part of a unit combining a Senior Loan and equity securities of a borrower or its affiliates. The Fund may also acquire equity securities or debt securities (including non-dollar denominated debt securities) issued in exchange for a Senior Loan or issued in connection with the debt restructuring or reorganization of a borrower, or if such acquisition, in the judgment of the investment adviser, may enhance the value of a Senior Loan or would otherwise be consistent with the Funds investment policies. |
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
79
SAI dated August 1, 2012
Short Sales |
Short sales are transactions in which a party sells a security it does not own in anticipation of a decline in the market value of that security. To complete such a transaction, the party must borrow the security to make delivery to the buyer. When the party is required to return the borrowed security, it typically will purchase the security in the open market. The price at such time may be more or less than the price at which the party sold the security. Until the security is replaced, the party is required to repay the lender any dividends or interest, which accrues during the period of the loan. To borrow the security, it also may be required to pay a premium, which would increase the cost of the security sold. The net proceeds of the short sale will be retained by the broker, to the extent necessary to meet margin requirements, until the short position is closed out. Transaction costs are incurred in effecting short sales. A short seller will incur a loss as a result of a short sale if the price of the security increases between the date of the short sale and the date on which it replaces the borrowed security. A gain will be realized if the price of the security declines in price between those dates. The amount of any gain will be decreased, and the amount of any loss increased, by the amount of the premium, dividends or interest the short seller may be required to pay, if any, in connection with a short sale. Short sales may be against the box or uncovered. In a short sale against the box, at the time of the sale, the short seller owns or has the immediate and unconditional right to acquire the identical security at no additional cost. In an uncovered short sale, the short seller does not own the underlying security and, as such, losses from uncovered short sales may be significant. The Fund may sell short securities representing an index or basket of securities whose constituents the Fund holds in whole or in part. A short sale of an index or basket of securities will be a covered short sale if the underlying index or basket of securities is the same or substantially identical to securities held by the Fund. Use of short sales is limited by the Funds non-fundamental restriction relating thereto. |
Short-Term Trading |
Fixed-income securities may be sold in anticipation of market decline (a rise in interest rates) or purchased in anticipation of a market rise (a decline in interest rates) and later sold. In addition, such a security may be sold and another purchased at approximately the same time to take advantage of what is believed to be a temporary disparity in the normal yield relationship between the two securities. Yield disparities may occur for reasons not directly related to the investment quality of particular issues or the general movement of interest rates, such as changes in the overall demand for or supply of various types of fixed-income securities or changes in the investment objectives of investors. |
Smaller Companies |
The investment risk associated with smaller companies is higher than that normally associated with larger, more established companies due to the greater business risks associated with small size, the relative age of the company, limited product lines, distribution channels and financial and managerial resources. Further, there is typically less publicly available information concerning smaller companies than for larger companies. The securities of small companies are often traded only over-the-counter and may not be traded in the volumes typical of trading on a national securities exchange. As a result, stocks of smaller companies are often more volatile than those of larger companies, which are often traded on a national securities exchange. |
Stripped Mortgage-Backed Securities (SMBS) |
SMBS are derivative multiclass mortgage securities. SMBS commonly involve two classes of securities that receive different proportions of the interest and principal distributions on a pool of mortgage assets. A common type of SMBS will have one class receiving most of the interest from the mortgages, while the other class will receive most of the principal. In the most extreme case, the interest only class receives all of the interest while the principal only class receives the entire principal. The yield to maturity on an interest only class is extremely sensitive to the rate of principal payments (including pre-payments) on the related underlying mortgage assets, and a rapid rate of principal payments may have a material adverse effect on the yield to maturity from these securities. If the underlying mortgages experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the initial investment in these securities may not be recouped. Although the market for such securities is increasingly liquid, certain SMBS may not be readily marketable and will be considered illiquid. The market value of the class consisting entirely of principal payments generally is unusually volatile in response to changes in interest rates. The yields on a class of SMBS that receives all or most of the interest from mortgages are generally higher than prevailing market yields on other MBS because their cash flow patterns are more volatile and there is a greater risk that the initial investment will not be fully recouped. |
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
80
SAI dated August 1, 2012
Structured Notes |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Structured notes are derivative debt instruments, the interest rate or principal of which is determined by an unrelated indicator (for example, a currency, security, commodity or index thereof). The terms of the instrument may be structured by the purchaser and the borrower issuing the note. Indexed securities may include structured notes as well as securities other than debt securities, the interest rate or principal of which is determined by an unrelated indicator. Indexed securities may include a multiplier that multiplies the indexed element by a specified factor and, therefore, the value of such securities may be very volatile. The terms of structured notes and indexed securities may provide that in certain circumstances no principal is due at maturity, which may result in a loss of invested capital. Structured notes and indexed securities may be positively or negatively indexed, so that appreciation of the unrelated indicator may produce an increase or a decrease in the interest rate or the value of the structured note or indexed security at maturity may be calculated as a specified multiple of the change in the value of the unrelated indicator. Structured notes and indexed securities may entail a greater degree of market risk than other types of investments because the investor bears the risk of the unrelated indicator. Structured notes or indexed securities also may be more volatile, less liquid, and more difficult to accurately price than less complex securities and instruments or more traditional debt securities. |
Swap Agreements |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Swap agreements are two-party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging from a few weeks to more than one year. In a standard swap transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on a particular predetermined reference instrument or instruments, which can be adjusted for an interest rate factor. The gross returns to be exchanged or swapped between the parties are generally calculated with respect to a notional amount ( i.e. , the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount invested at a particular interest rate or in a basket of securities representing a particular index). Other types of swap agreements may calculate the obligations of the parties to the agreement on a net basis. Consequently, a partys current obligations (or rights) under a swap agreement will generally be equal only to the net amount to be paid or received under the agreement based on the relative values of the positions held by each party to the agreement (the net amount). |
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Whether the use of swap agreements will be successful will depend on the investment adviser's ability to predict correctly whether certain types of reference instruments are likely to produce greater returns than other instruments. Swap agreements may be subject to contractual restrictions on transferability and termination and they may have terms of greater than seven days. The Funds obligations under a swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owed to the Fund under the swap). Developments in the swaps market, including potential government regulation, could adversely affect the Funds ability to terminate existing swap agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such agreements, as well as to participate in swap agreements in the future. If there is a default by the counterparty to a swap, the Fund will have contractual remedies pursuant to the swap agreement, but any recovery may be delayed depending on the circumstances of the default. Swap agreements include (but are not limited to): |
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Currency Swaps. Currency swaps involve the exchange of the rights of the parties to make or receive payments in specified currencies. Because currency swaps usually involve the delivery of the entire principal value of one designated currency in exchange for the other designated currency, the entire principal value of a currency swap is subject to the risk that the other party to the swap will default on its contractual delivery obligations. If the investment adviser is incorrect in its forecasts of market value and currency exchange rates, performance may be adversely affected. |
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Equity Swaps. An equity swap is an agreement in which at least one partys payments are based on the rate of return of an equity security or equity index, such as the S&P 500. The other partys payments can be based on a fixed rate, a non-equity variable rate, or even a different equity index. The Fund may enter into equity index swaps on a net basis pursuant to which the future cash flows from two reference instruments are netted out, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two. |
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Credit Default Swaps. Under a credit default swap agreement, the protection buyer in a credit default contract is generally obligated to pay the protection seller an upfront or a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract provided that no credit event, such as a default, on a reference instrument has occurred. If a credit event occurs, the seller generally must pay the buyer the par value (full notional value) of the reference instrument in exchange for an equal face amount of the reference instrument described in the swap, or the seller may be required to deliver the related net cash amount, if the swap is cash settled. If the Fund is a buyer and no credit event occurs, the Fund may recover nothing if the swap is held through its termination date. As a seller, the Fund generally receives an upfront payment or a fixed rate of income throughout the term of the swap provided that there is no credit event. As the seller, the Fund would effectively add leverage to its portfolio because, in addition to its total net assets, the Fund would be subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap. The determination of a credit event under the swap agreement will depend on the terms of the agreement and may rely on the decision of persons that are not a party to the agreement. The Funds obligations under a credit default swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owed to the Fund). |
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
82
SAI dated August 1, 2012
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Inflation Swaps. Inflation swaps involve the exchange by the Fund with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive interest, e.g., an exchange of fixed rate payments for floating rate payments or an exchange of floating rate payments based on two different reference indices. By design, one of the reference indices is an inflation index, such as the Consumer Price Index. Inflation swaps can be designated as zero coupon, where both sides of the swap compound interest over the life of the swap and then the accrued interest is paid out only at the swaps maturity. |
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Total Return Swaps. Total return swap agreements are contracts in which one party agrees to make periodic payments to another party based on the change in market value of the assets underlying the contract, which may include a specified security, basket of securities or securities indices during the specified period, in return for periodic payments based on a fixed or variable interest rate or the total return from other underlying assets. Total return swap agreements may be used to obtain exposure to a security or market without owning or taking physical custody of such security or investing directly in such market. Total return swap agreements may effectively add leverage to the Funds portfolio because, in addition to its total net assets, the Fund would be subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap. Generally, the Fund will enter into total return swaps on a net basis (i.e., the two payment streams are netted out, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments). The net amount of the excess, if any, of the Funds obligations over its entitlements with respect to each total return swap will be accrued on a daily basis. If the total return swap transaction is entered into on other than a net basis, the full amount of the Funds obligations will be accrued on a daily basis, and the full amount of the Funds obligations will be segregated by the Fund in an amount equal to or greater than the market value of the liabilities under the total return swap or the amount it would have cost the Fund initially to make an equivalent direct investment, plus or minus any amount the Fund is obligated to pay or is to receive under the total return swap agreement. |
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Interest Rate Swaps, Caps and Floors. Interest rate swaps are OTC contracts in which each party agrees to make a periodic interest payment based on an index or the value of an asset in return for a periodic payment from the other party based on a different index or asset. The purchase of an interest rate floor entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index falls below a predetermined interest rate, to receive payments of interest on a notional principal amount from the party selling such interest rate floor. The purchase of an interest rate cap entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index rises above a predetermined interest rate, to receive payments of interest on a notional principal amount from the party selling such interest rate cap. The Fund usually will enter into interest rate swap transactions on a net basis (i.e., the two payment streams are netted out, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments). The net amount of the excess, if any, of the Funds obligations over its entitlements with respect to each interest rate swap will be accrued on a daily basis. If the interest rate swap transaction is entered into on other than a net basis, the full amount of the Funds obligations will be accrued on a daily basis. Certain federal income tax requirements may limit the Funds ability to engage in certain interest rate transactions. |
Swaptions |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. A swaption is a contract that gives a counterparty the right (but not the obligation) in return for payment of a premium, to enter into a new swap agreement or to shorten, extend, cancel or otherwise modify an existing swap agreement, at some designated future time on specified terms. The Fund may write (sell) and purchase put and call swaptions. Depending on the terms of the particular option agreement, the Fund will generally incur a greater degree of risk when it writes a swaption than it will incur when it purchases a swaption. When the Fund purchases a swaption, it risks losing only the amount of the premium it has paid should it decide to let the option expire unexercised. However, when the Fund writes a swaption, upon exercise of the option the Fund will become obligated according to the terms of the underlying agreement. |
Tax-Managed Investing |
Taxes are a major influence on the net returns that investors receive on their taxable investments. There are four components of the returns of a mutual fund that invests in equities which are treated differently for federal income tax purposes: price appreciation, distributions of qualified dividend income, distributions of other investment income and distributions of realized short-term and long-term capital gains. Distributions of income other than qualified dividend income and distributions of net realized short-term gains (on stocks held for one year or less) are taxed as ordinary income, at rates currently as high as 35%. Distributions of qualified dividend income and net realized long-term gains (on stocks held for more than one year) are currently taxed at rates up to 15%. These rates are scheduled to increase to 39.6% and 20%, respectively, for taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2013. The provisions of the Code applicable to qualified dividend income are effective through 2012 (the sunset provisions). Thereafter, qualified dividend income will be subject to tax at ordinary income rates unless further legislative action is taken. The Funds investment program and the tax treatment of Fund distributions may be affected by IRS interpretations of the Code and future changes in tax laws and regulations, including changes resulting from the sunset provisions described above that would have the effect of repealing the favorable treatment of qualified dividend income and reimposing the higher tax rates applicable to ordinary income in 2013 unless further legislative action is taken. Returns derived from price appreciation are untaxed until the shareholder disposes of his or her shares. Upon disposition, a capital gain (short-term, if the shareholder has held his or her shares for one year or less, otherwise long-term) equal to the difference between the net proceeds of the disposition and the shareholders adjusted tax basis is realized. |
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
84
SAI dated August 1, 2012
Trust Certificates |
Trust certificates are investments in a limited purpose trust or other vehicle formed under state law. Trust certificates in turn invest in instruments, such as credit default swaps, interest rate swaps, preferred securities and other securities, in order to customize the risk/return profile of a particular security. Like an investment in a bond, investments in trust certificates represent the right to receive periodic income payments (in the form of distributions) and payment of principal at the end of the term of the certificate. However, these payments are conditioned on the trusts receipt of payments from, and the trusts potential obligations to, the counterparties to the derivative instruments and other securities in which the trust invests. Investments in these instruments are indirectly subject to the risks associated with derivative instruments, including, among others, credit risk, default or similar event risk, counterparty risk, interest rate risk, leverage risk and management risk. It is expected that the trusts that issue credit-linked trust certificates will constitute private investment companies, exempt from registration under the 1940 Act. Although the trusts are typically private investment companies, they are generally not actively managed. It is also expected that the certificates will be exempt from registration under the 1933 Act. Accordingly, there may be no established trading market for the certificates and they may constitute illiquid investments. |
U.S. Government Securities |
U.S. Government securities include: (1) U.S. Treasury obligations, which differ in their interest rates, maturities and times of issuance, including: U.S. Treasury bills (maturities of one year or less); U.S. Treasury notes (maturities of one year to ten years); and U.S. Treasury bonds (generally maturities of greater than ten years); and (2) obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies and instrumentalities which are supported by any of the following: (a) the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury; (b) the right of the issuer to borrow an amount limited to a specific line of credit from the U.S. Treasury; (c) discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to purchase certain obligations of the U.S. Government agency or instrumentality; or (d) the credit of the agency or instrumentality. U.S. Government securities also include any other security or agreement collateralized or otherwise secured by U.S. Government securities. Agencies and instrumentalities of the U.S. Government include but are not limited to: Farmers Home Administration, Export-Import Bank of the United States, Federal Housing Administration, Federal Land Banks, Federal Financing Bank, Central Bank for Cooperatives, Federal Intermediate Credit Banks, Farm Credit Bank System, Federal Home Loan Banks, Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, Federal National Mortgage Association, General Services Administration, Government National Mortgage Association, Student Loan Marketing Association, United States Postal Service, Maritime Administration, Small Business Administration, Tennessee Valley Authority, Washington D.C. Armory Board and any other enterprise established or sponsored by the U.S. Government. The U.S. Government generally is not obligated to provide support to its instrumentalities. The principal of and/or interest on certain U.S. Government securities could be (a) payable in foreign currencies rather than U.S. dollars or (b) increased or diminished as a result of changes in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to the value of foreign currencies. The value of such portfolio securities denominated in foreign currencies may be affected favorably by changes in the exchange rate between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. For additional information about Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation and Federal National Mortgage Association, see Events Regarding FNMA and FHLMC herein. |
Unlisted Securities |
Unlisted securities are neither listed on a stock exchange nor traded over-the-counter. Unlisted securities may include investments in new and early stage companies, which may involve a high degree of business and financial risk that can result in substantial losses and may be considered speculative. Such securities will generally be deemed to be illiquid. Because of the absence of any public trading market for these investments, it may take longer to liquidate these positions than would be the case for publicly traded securities. Although these securities may be resold in privately negotiated transactions, the prices realized from these sales could be less than those originally paid or less than what may be considered the fair value of such securities. Furthermore, issuers whose securities are not publicly traded may not be subject to public disclosure and other investor protection requirements applicable to publicly traded securities. If such securities are required to be registered under the securities laws of one or more jurisdictions before being resold, the Fund may be required to bear the expenses of registration. In addition, in foreign jurisdictions any capital gains realized on the sale of such securities may be subject to higher rates of foreign taxation than taxes payable on the sale of listed securities. |
Utility and Financial Service Companies |
To the extent described in the Prospectus, the Fund may concentrate its investments in utility and/or financial services companies. |
Variable Rate Obligations |
Variable rate instruments provide for adjustments in the interest rate at specified intervals (daily, weekly, monthly, semiannually, etc.) based on market conditions, credit ratings or interest rates and the investor may have the right to put the security back to the issuer or its agent. Variable rate obligations normally provide that the holder can demand payment of the obligation on short notice at par with accrued interest and which are frequently secured by letters of credit or other support arrangements provided by banks. To the extent that such letters of credit or other arrangements constitute an unconditional guarantee of the issuers obligations, a bank may be treated as the issuer of a security for the purposes of complying with the diversification requirements set forth in Section 5(b) of the 1940 Act and Rule 5b-2 thereunder. The Fund would anticipate using these bonds as cash equivalents pending longer term investment of its funds. The rate adjustment features tend to limit the extent to which the market value of the obligations will fluctuate. |
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
86
SAI dated August 1, 2012
Warrants |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Warrants are an option, but not the obligation, to purchase an instrument at a fixed price valid for a specific period of time. Warrants typically are issued by the issuer of the underlying reference instrument. Warrants do not represent ownership of the instrument, but only the right to buy it. The prices of warrants do not necessarily move parallel to the prices of the underlying reference instruments. Warrants may become valueless if not sold or exercised prior to their expiration. Warrants have no voting rights, pay no dividends and have no rights with respect to the assets of the corporation issuing them. These factors can make warrants more speculative than other types of investments. (Canadian special warrants issued in private placements prior to a public offering are not considered warrants.) |
When-Issued Securities, Delayed Delivery and Forward Commitments |
Securities may be purchased on a forward commitment, when-issued or delayed delivery basis (meaning securities are purchased or sold with payment and delivery taking place in the future) in order to secure what is considered to be an advantageous price and yield at the time of entering into the transaction. When the Fund agrees to purchase such securities, it assumes the risk of any decline in value of the security from the date of the agreement to purchase. The Fund does not earn interest on the securities it has committed to purchase until they are paid for and delivered on the settlement date. |
|
From the time of entering into the transaction until delivery and payment is made at a later date, the securities that are the subject of the transaction are subject to market fluctuations. In forward commitment, when-issued or delayed delivery transactions, if the seller or buyer, as the case may be, fails to consummate the transaction the counterparty may miss the opportunity of obtaining a price or yield considered to be advantageous. However, no payment or delivery is made until payment is received or delivery is made from the other party to the transaction. |
Zero Coupon Bonds |
Zero coupon bonds are debt obligations that do not require the periodic payment of interest and are issued at a significant discount from face value. The discount approximates the total amount of interest the bonds will accrue and compound over the period until maturity at a rate of interest reflecting the market rate of the security at the time of purchase. The effect of owning debt obligations that do not make current interest payments is that a fixed yield is earned not only on the original investment but also, in effect, on all discount accretion during the life of the debt obligation. This implicit reinvestment of earnings at a fixed rate eliminates the risk of being unable to invest distributions at a rate as high as the implicit yield on the zero coupon bond, but at the same time eliminates the holders ability to reinvest at higher rates in the future. For this reason, zero coupon bonds may be subject to substantially greater price fluctuations during periods of changing market interest rates than are comparable securities that pay interest currently. The Fund is required to accrue income from zero coupon bonds on a current basis, even though it does not receive that income currently in cash, and the Fund is required to distribute that income for each taxable year. Thus, the Fund may have to sell other investments to obtain cash needed to make income distributions. |
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
87
SAI dated August 1, 2012
APPENDIX A
Class A Fees, Performance and Ownership
Sales Charges and Distribution and Service Fees . For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012 , the following table shows (1) total sales charges paid by each Fund, (2) sales charges paid to financial intermediaries, (3) sales charges paid to the principal underwriter, (4) approximate CDSC payments to the principal underwriter, (5) total distribution and service fees paid by each Fund, and (6) distribution and service fees paid to financial intermediaries. Distribution and service fees that were not paid to financial intermediaries were retained by the principal underwriter.
Fund |
Total Sales
|
Sales Charges
|
Sales Charges to
|
CDSC Paid to
|
Total Distribution
|
Distribution and Service
|
AMT-Free |
$ 27,400 |
$ 24,063 |
$ 3,337 |
$ 2,000 |
$ 74,190 |
$ 59,483 |
Massachusetts |
27,488 |
24,133 |
3,355 |
4,400 |
65,693 |
58,368 |
National |
192,498 |
175,198 |
17,300 |
32,000 |
516,032 |
453,451 |
New York |
49,192 |
43,874 |
5,318 |
200 |
90,104 |
78,943 |
Pennsylvania |
29,220 |
25,546 |
3,674 |
1,100 |
58,185 |
49,435 |
For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011 and March 31, 2010 , the following total sales charges were paid on sales of Class A, of which the principal underwriter received the following amounts. The balance of such amounts was paid to financial intermediaries.
Fund |
March 31, 2011
|
March 31, 2011
|
March 31, 2010
|
March 31, 2010
|
AMT-Free |
$ 73,366 |
$ 5,198 |
$ 101,511 |
$ 8,011 |
Massachusetts |
40,587 |
4,708 |
58,694 |
7,200 |
National |
327,824 |
29,512 |
427,742 |
37,341 |
New York |
61,256 |
5,687 |
72,824 |
5,739 |
Pennsylvania |
82,778 |
9,428 |
112,699 |
11,925 |
Performance Information. The tables below indicate the average annual total return (both before and after taxes) on a hypothetical investment of $1,000 in this Class of shares for the periods shown in each table. Any performance presented with an asterisk (*) includes the effect of subsidizing expenses. Performance would have been lower without subsidies.
Total returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value or public offering price with all distributions reinvested. Each Funds past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Investment return and principal value of Fund shares will fluctuate so that shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost. Performance is for the stated time period only; due to market volatility, a Funds current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted return. For the Funds performance as of the most recent month-end, please refer to www.eatonvance.com.
About Returns After Taxes. After-tax returns are calculated using certain assumptions. After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period, or because the taxable portion of distributions made during the period was insignificant. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
88
SAI dated August 1, 2012
Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares. A portion of the distributions made in the current year may be recharacterized as taxable after year-end.
AMT-Free Fund |
Length of Period Ended March 31, 2012 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
9.13% |
3.65% |
3.98% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
6.72% |
3.17% |
3.74% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
9.13% |
3.63% |
3.97% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
6.72% |
3.16% |
3.74% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
7.17% |
3.62% |
3.94% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
5.58% |
3.20% |
3.73% |
Massachusetts Fund |
Length of Period Ended March 31, 2012 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
7.43% |
3.65% |
3.94% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
4.98% |
3.19% |
3.71% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
7.43% |
3.65% |
3.94% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
4.98% |
3.19% |
3.70% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
6.03% |
3.63% |
3.91% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
4.41% |
3.23% |
3.69% |
National Fund |
Length of Period Ended March 31, 2012 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
8.69% |
3.54% |
4.47% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
6.29% |
3.07% |
4.23% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
8.69% |
3.54% |
4.46% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
6.29% |
3.07% |
4.22% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
6.98% |
3.57% |
4.42% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
5.39% |
3.16% |
4.20% |
New York Fund |
Length of Period Ended March 31, 2012 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
7.30% |
3.25% |
3.78% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
4.88% |
2.79% |
3.54% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
7.30% |
3.25% |
3.78% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
4.88% |
2.79% |
3.54% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
5.98% |
3.30% |
3.78% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
4.38% |
2.90% |
3.57% |
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
90
SAI dated August 1, 2012
Pennsylvania Fund |
Length of Period Ended March 31, 2012 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
7.17% |
3.41% |
3.95% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
4.72% |
2.93% |
3.71% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
7.17% |
3.41% |
3.94% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
4.72% |
2.93% |
3.71% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
5.91% |
3.45% |
3.94% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
4.29% |
3.04% |
3.73% |
Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities. At July 1, 2012, the Trustees and officers of the Trust, as a group, owned in the aggregate less than 1% of the outstanding shares of this Class of each Fund. In addition, as of the same date, the following person(s) held the share percentage indicated below, which was owned either (i) beneficially by such person(s) or (ii) of record by such person(s) on behalf of customers who are the beneficial owners of such shares and as to which such record owner(s) may exercise voting rights under certain limited circumstances:
AMT-Free |
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc. |
Jacksonville, FL |
19.2% |
|
First Clearing LLC Special Custody Account |
St. Louis, MO |
11.4% |
|
National Financial Services LLC |
New York, NY |
10.5% |
|
UBS WM USA Omni Account |
Weekawken, NJ |
9.7% |
|
Pershing LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
8.4% |
|
Raymond James Omnibus for Mutual Funds House Account. |
St. Petersburg, FL |
8.0% |
|
Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. Special Custody Account |
San Francisco, CA |
7.2% |
Massachusetts |
Raymond James Omnibus for Mutual Funds House Account. |
St. Petersburg, FL |
14.5% |
|
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc. |
Jacksonville, FL |
14.0% |
|
National Financial Services LLC |
New York, NY |
11.7% |
|
Pershing LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
11.5% |
|
First Clearing LLC Special Custody Account |
St. Louis, MO |
8.9% |
|
Citigroup Global Markets, Inc. |
Owings Mills, MD |
5.9% |
National |
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc. |
Jacksonville, FL |
14.6% |
|
First Clearing LLC Special Custody Account |
St. Louis, MO |
13.0% |
|
Pershing LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
10.1% |
|
UBS SM USA Omni Account |
Weekawken, NJ |
9.4% |
|
National Financial Services LLC |
New York, NY |
8.8% |
|
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney |
Jersey City, NJ |
6.4% |
New York |
Pershing LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
25.1% |
|
First Clearing LLC Special Custody Account |
St. Louis, MO |
9.5% |
|
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney |
Jersey City, NJ |
8.4% |
|
UBS SM USA Omni Account |
Weekawken, NJ |
8.3% |
|
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc. |
Jacksonville, FL |
7.9% |
|
Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. Special Custody Account |
San Francisco, CA |
7.5% |
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
91
SAI dated August 1, 2012
Pennsylvania |
National Financial Services LLC |
New York, NY |
21.8% |
|
First Clearing LLC Special Custody Account |
St. Louis, MO |
12.2% |
|
Pershing LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
12.1% |
|
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc. |
Jacksonville, FL |
9.3% |
|
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney |
Jersey City, NJ |
7.5% |
|
UBS SM USA Omni Account |
Weekawken, NJ |
7.3% |
Beneficial owners of 25% or more of this Class of a Fund are presumed to be in control of the Class for purposes of voting on certain matters submitted to shareholders.
To the knowledge of the Trust, no other person owned of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of this Class of each Fund as of such date.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
92
SAI dated August 1, 2012
APPENDIX B
Class B Fees, Performance and Ownership
Distribution and Service Fees. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012, the following table shows (1) sales commissions paid by the principal underwriter to financial intermediaries on sales of Class B shares, (2) distribution fees paid to the principal underwriter under the Distribution Plan, (3) approximate CDSC payments to the principal underwriter, (4) uncovered distribution charges under the Distribution Plan (dollar amount and as a percentage of net assets attributable to Class B), (5) service fees paid under the Distribution Plan, and (6) service fees paid to financial intermediaries. The service fees paid by the Funds that were not paid to financial intermediaries were retained by the principal underwriter.
Fund |
Commission Paid
|
Distribution Fee
|
CDSC Paid to
|
Uncovered Distribution
|
Service
|
Service Fees
|
AMT-Free |
$ 1 |
$ 5,542 |
$ 3,000 |
$ 1,157,000(193.5%) |
$ 1,108 |
$ 1,028 |
Massachusetts |
50 |
1,702 |
500 |
640,000(253.0%) |
340 |
273 |
National |
12,786 |
36,720 |
7,000 |
3,828,000(80.3%) |
7,344 |
6,459 |
New York |
4,993 |
10,146 |
2,500 |
956,000(72.8%) |
2,029 |
1,743 |
Pennsylvania |
1,496 |
3,163 |
500 |
428,000(105.7%) |
633 |
553 |
Performance Information. The tables below indicate the average annual total return (both before and after taxes) on a hypothetical investment of $1,000 in this Class of shares for the periods shown in each table. Any performance presented with an asterisk (*) includes the effect of subsidizing expenses. Performance would have been lower without subsidies.
Total returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value or public offering price with all distributions reinvested. Each Funds past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Investment return and principal value of Fund shares will fluctuate so that shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost. Performance is for the stated time period only; due to market volatility, a Funds current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted return. For the Funds performance as of the most recent month-end, please refer to www.eatonvance.com.
About Returns After Taxes. After-tax returns are calculated using certain assumptions. After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period, or because the taxable portion of distributions made during the period was insignificant. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares. A portion of the distributions made in the current year may be recharacterized as taxable after year-end.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
93
SAI dated August 1, 2012
AMT-Free Fund |
Length of Period Ended March 31, 2012 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
8.32% |
2.87% |
3.20% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
5.32% |
2.87% |
3.20% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
8.32% |
2.86% |
3.20% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
5.32% |
2.86% |
3.20% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
6.37% |
2.85% |
3.17% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
4.42% |
2.85% |
3.17% |
Massachusetts Fund |
Length of Period Ended March 31, 2012 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
6.64% |
2.86% |
3.16% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
3.64% |
2.86% |
3.16% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
6.64% |
2.86% |
3.16% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
3.64% |
2.86% |
3.16% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
5.24% |
2.84% |
3.12% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
3.29% |
2.84% |
3.12% |
National Fund |
Length of Period Ended March 31, 2012 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
7.88% |
2.78% |
3.69% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
4.88% |
2.78% |
3.69% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
7.88% |
2.78% |
3.69% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
4.88% |
2.78% |
3.69% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
6.18% |
2.82% |
3.64% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
4.23% |
2.82% |
3.64% |
New York Fund |
Length of Period Ended March 31, 2012 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
6.60% |
2.50% |
3.02% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
3.60% |
2.50% |
3.02% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
6.60% |
2.50% |
3.02% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
3.60% |
2.50% |
3.02% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
5.26% |
2.55% |
3.02% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
3.31% |
2.55% |
3.02% |
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
95
SAI dated August 1, 2012
Pennsylvania Fund |
Length of Period Ended March 31, 2012 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
6.38% |
2.64% |
3.18% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
3.38% |
2.64% |
3.18% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
6.37% |
2.63% |
3.17% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
3.37% |
2.63% |
3.17% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
5.11% |
2.68% |
3.17% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
3.16% |
2.68% |
3.17% |
Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities. At July 1, 2012 , the Trustees and officers of the Trust, as a group, owned in the aggregate less than 1% of the outstanding shares of this Class of each Fund. In addition, as of the same date, the following person(s) held the share percentage indicated below, which was owned either (i) beneficially by such person(s) or (ii) of record by such person(s) on behalf of customers who are the beneficial owners of such shares and as to which such record owner(s) may exercise voting rights under certain limited circumstances:
AMT-Free |
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc. |
Jacksonville, FL |
39.5% |
|
First Clearing, LLC Special Custody Account |
St. Louis, MO |
21.9% |
|
Pershing LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
11.1% |
|
American Enterprise Investment Svc |
Minneapolis, MN |
10.3% |
Massachusetts |
Raymond James Omnibus For Mutual Funds House Account |
St. Petersburg, FL |
24.2% |
|
Pershing LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
21.7% |
|
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney |
Jersey City, NJ |
13.1% |
|
MFD Streetside Location |
St. Louis, MO |
12.4% |
|
American Enterprise Investment Svc |
Minneapolis, MN |
12.1% |
|
American Enterprise Investment Svcs |
Minneapolis, MN |
6.2% |
|
National Financial Services LLC |
New York, NY |
5.1% |
|
Peter M Beagen |
Littleton, MA |
5.1% |
National |
First Clearing, LLC Special Custody Account |
St. Louis, MO |
45.9% |
|
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc. |
Jacksonville, FL |
20.5% |
|
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney |
Jersey City, NJ |
8.5% |
|
National Financial Services LLC |
New York, NY |
5.9% |
New York |
Pershing LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
31.2% |
|
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc. |
Jacksonville, FL |
25.5% |
|
First Clearing, LLC Special Custody Account |
St. Louis, MO |
22.7% |
|
Peoples Securities, Inc. |
Bridgeport, CT |
6.8% |
|
Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. Special Custody Account |
San Francisco, CA |
6.2% |
Pennsylvania |
First Clearing, LLC |
St. Louis, MO |
79.8% |
|
National Financial Services LLC |
New York, NY |
16.9% |
Beneficial owners of 25% or more of this Class of a Fund are presumed to be in control of the Class for purposes of voting on certain matters submitted to shareholders.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
96
SAI dated August 1, 2012
To the knowledge of the Trust, no other person owned of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of this Class of each Fund as of such date.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
97
SAI dated August 1, 2012
APPENDIX C
Class C Fees, Performance and Ownership
Distribution and Service Fees. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2012 , the following table shows (1) sales commissions paid by the principal underwriter to financial intermediaries on sales of Class C shares, (2) distribution fees paid to the principal underwriter under the Distribution Plan, (3) approximate CDSC payments to the principal underwriter, (4) uncovered distribution charges (if applicable) under the Distribution Plan (dollar amount and as a percentage of net assets attributable to Class C ), (5) service fees paid under the Distribution Plan, and (6) service fees paid to financial intermediaries. The service fees paid by the Funds that were not paid to financial intermediaries were retained by the principal underwriter.
Fund |
Commission Paid
|
Distribution Fee
|
CDSC Paid to
|
Uncovered Distribution
|
Service
|
Service Fees
|
AMT-Free |
$ 105,347 |
$ 111,320 |
$ 100 |
$ 11,593,000(73.1%) |
$ 22,264 |
$ 20,883 |
Massachusetts |
94,125 |
97,478 |
500 |
5,643,000(44.6%) |
19,496 |
18,720 |
National |
1,005,459 |
1,011,123 |
9,000 |
22,547,000(16.2%) |
202,225 |
198,358 |
New York |
196,126 |
186,824 |
1,900 |
7,388,000(28.6%) |
37,365 |
38,497 |
Pennsylvania |
139,003 |
136,144 |
700 |
7,189,000(38.4%) |
27,229 |
27,380 |
Performance Information. The tables below indicate the average annual total return (both before and after taxes) on a hypothetical investment of $1,000 in this Class of shares for the periods shown in each table. Any performance presented with an asterisk (*) includes the effect of subsidizing expenses. Performance would have been lower without subsidies.
Total returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value or public offering price with all distributions reinvested. Each Funds past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Investment return and principal value of Fund shares will fluctuate so that shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost. Performance is for the stated time period only; due to market volatility, a Funds current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted return. For the Funds performance as of the most recent month-end, please refer to www.eatonvance.com.
About Returns After Taxes. After-tax returns are calculated using certain assumptions. After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period, or because the taxable portion of distributions made during the period was insignificant. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares. A portion of the distributions made in the current year may be recharacterized as taxable after year-end.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
98
SAI dated August 1, 2012
AMT-Free Fund |
Length of Period Ended March 31, 2012 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
8.32% |
2.89% |
3.20% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
7.32% |
2.89% |
3.20% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
8.32% |
2.88% |
3.19% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
7.32% |
2.88% |
3.19% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
6.36% |
2.86% |
3.16% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
5.71% |
2.86% |
3.16% |
Massachusetts Fund |
Length of Period Ended March 31, 2012 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
6.71% |
2.89% |
3.16% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
5.71% |
2.89% |
3.16% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
6.71% |
2.89% |
3.16% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
5.71% |
2.89% |
3.16% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
5.29% |
2.86% |
3.12% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
4.64% |
2.86% |
3.12% |
National Fund |
Length of Period Ended March 31, 2012 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
7.87% |
2.78% |
3.69% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
6.87% |
2.78% |
3.69% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
7.87% |
2.78% |
3.69% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
6.87% |
2.78% |
3.69% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
6.17% |
2.81% |
3.64% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
5.52% |
2.81% |
3.64% |
New York Fund |
Length of Period Ended March 31, 2012 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
6.47% |
2.50% |
3.00% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
5.47% |
2.50% |
3.00% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
6.47% |
2.49% |
2.99% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
5.47% |
2.49% |
2.99% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
5.17% |
2.55% |
3.00% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
4.52% |
2.55% |
3.00% |
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
100
SAI dated August 1, 2012
Pennsylvania Fund |
Length of Period Ended March 31, 2012 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
6.36% |
2.63% |
3.16% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
5.36% |
2.63% |
3.16% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
6.36% |
2.63% |
3.16% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
5.36% |
2.63% |
3.16% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
5.11% |
2.68% |
3.16% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
4.46% |
2.68% |
3.16% |
Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities. At July 1, 2012 , the Trustees and officers of the Trust, as a group, owned in the aggregate less than 1% of the outstanding shares of this Class of each Fund. In addition, as of the same date, the following person(s) held the share percentage indicated below, which was owned either (i) beneficially by such person(s) or (ii) of record by such person(s) on behalf of customers who are the beneficial owners of such shares and as to which such record owner(s) may exercise voting rights under certain limited circumstances:
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
101
SAI dated August 1, 2012
Pennsylvania |
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc. |
Jacksonville, FL |
29.1% |
|
First Clearing LLC Special Custody Account |
St. Louis, MO |
14.9% |
|
Raymond James Omnibus for Mutual Funds |
St. Petersburg, FL |
11.5% |
|
National Financial Services LLC |
New York, NY |
11.1% |
|
Pershing LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
5.7% |
Beneficial owners of 25% or more of this Class of a Fund are presumed to be in control of the Class for purposes of voting on certain matters submitted to shareholders.
To the knowledge of the Trust, no other person owned of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of this Class of each Fund as of such date.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
102
SAI dated August 1, 2012
APPENDIX D
Class I Performance and Ownership
Performance Information. The tables below indicate the average annual total return (both before and after taxes) on a hypothetical investment in shares of $1,000. Total return for the period prior to October 1, 2009 for National Fund and August 3 , 2010 for the other Funds reflects the total return of the Funds' Class A shares calculated at net asset value. The total return shown below has not been adjusted to reflect Fund expenses (such as distribution and/or service fees). If such an adjustment was made, the total r eturn of this Class would be different. Any performance presented with an asterisk (*) includes the effect of subsidizing expenses. Performance would have been lower without subsidies.
Total returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value or public offering price with all distributions reinvested. Each Funds past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Investment return and principal value of Fund shares will fluctuate so that shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost. Performance is for the stated time period only; due to market volatility, a Funds current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted return. For the Funds performance as of the most recent month-end, please refer to www.eatonvance.com.
About Returns After Taxes. After-tax returns are calculated using certain assumptions. After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period, or because the taxable portion of distributions made during the period was insignificant. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares. A portion of the distributions made in the current year may be recharacterized as taxable after year-end.
AMT-Free Fund |
Length of Period Ended March 31, 2012 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes |
9.29% |
3.67% |
3.99% |
After Taxes on Distributions |
9.29% |
3.65% |
3.98% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption |
7.33% |
3.63% |
3.95% |
Class I shares commenced operations on August 3, 2010. |
|
|
|
Massachusetts Fund |
Length of Period Ended March 31, 2012 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes |
7.59% |
3.67% |
3.95% |
After Taxes on Distributions |
7.59% |
3.67% |
3.95% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption |
6.19% |
3.65% |
3.92% |
Class I shares commenced operations on August 3, 2010. |
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
103
SAI dated August 1, 2012
National Fund |
Length of Period Ended March 31, 2012 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes |
8.74% |
3.58% |
4.49% |
After Taxes on Distributions |
8.74% |
3.58% |
4.48% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption |
7.07% |
3.61% |
4.44% |
Class I shares commenced operations on October 1, 2009. |
|
|
|
New York Fund |
Length of Period Ended March 31, 2012 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes |
7.56% |
3.27% |
3.79% |
After Taxes on Distributions |
7.56% |
3.27% |
3.78% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption |
6.21% |
3.32% |
3.79% |
Class I shares commenced operations on August 3, 2010. |
|
|
|
Pennsylvania Fund |
Length of Period Ended March 31, 2012 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes |
7.32% |
3.39% |
3.94% |
After Taxes on Distributions |
7.32% |
3.39% |
3.94% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption |
6.05% |
3.44% |
3.94% |
Class I shares commenced operations on August 3, 2010. |
|
|
|
Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities. At July 1, 2012 , the Trustees and officers of the Trust, as a group, owned in the aggregate less than 1% of the outstanding shares of this Class of each Fund. In addition, as of the same date, the following person(s) held the share percentage indicated below, which was owned either (i) beneficially by such person(s) or (ii) of record by such person(s) on behalf of customers who are the beneficial owners of such shares and as to which such record owner(s) may exercise voting rights under certain limited circumstances:
Beneficial owners of 25% or more of this Class of a Fund are presumed to be in control of the Class for purposes of voting on certain matters submitted to shareholders.
To the knowledge of the Trust, no other person owned of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of this Class of each Fund as of such date.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
105
SAI dated August 1, 2012
APPENDIX E
STATE SPECIFIC INFORMATION
Risks of Concentration. The following information as to certain state specific considerations is given to investors in view of a Funds policy of concentrating its investments in particular state issuers. Such information supplements the information in the prospectus. It is derived from sources that are generally available to investors and is believed to be accurate. Such information constitutes only a brief summary, does not purport to be a complete description and is based on information from official statements relating to securities offerings of issuers of each particular state. The Trust has not independently verified this information.
The bond ratings provided in the prospectus are current as of the date of the prospectus and are based on economic conditions which may not continue; moreover, there can be no assurance that particular bond issues may not be adversely affected by changes in economic, political or other conditions. Unless stated otherwise, the ratings indicated are for obligations of the state. A states political subdivisions may have different ratings which are unrelated to the ratings assigned to state obligations.
MASSACHUSETTS
The Commonwealth of Massachusetts has a highly developed and knowledge based economy with a large service sector, particularly in health care, high technology, financial services and education. The impact of the economic downturn in fiscal 2009 and 2010 significantly affected the financial services industry in Massachusetts and resulted in increased unemployment and reduced tax revenues. However, Massachusetts overall economy improved in 2011 and in fiscal 2012 aided by the employment growth particularly in the education and health care sectors, which combined make up 20% of employment. According to a recent report from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, unemployment rate stood at 6 % in May 2012 compared to the national average of 8. 2%.
The Commonwealth opened fiscal year 2011 with a budget gap of $2.75 billion equal to roughly 10 % of operating revenue mainly due largely to significant projected tax revenues decline. This gap was subsequently closed by a mix of spending cuts, use of federal stimulus funding and ultimately some drawdown of reserves. However, due to the recognition of better than budgeted tax revenues, the Commonwealth closed the 2011 year with a $460 million GF surplus on a budgetary basis which was used to increase its stabilization fund to $1.4 billion. For 2012, the Governors $30.5 billion enacted budget proposal closed an estimated $1.9 billion gap reflecting the phase out of federal stimulus preliminary through spending controls and less use of one time resources. Estimated revenues through March 2012 are above the enacted budget but slightly below the revised October estimates. Despites the lower than budgeted revenues, the Commonwealth is still projecting to add $138 million to its reserves increasing the stabilization fund to $1.538 Billion by fiscal year end 2012. For 2013, the Governors $32.31 Billion budget closed an estimated $1.4 Billion gap through more spending reductions, revenue adjustments and about $541M of one time resources including a proposed use of $400M of the Stabilization Fund.
The Commonwealth collects a variety of taxes and receives revenues from other non-tax sources, including the federal government and various fees, fines, court revenues, assessments, reimbursements, interest earnings and transfers from its non-budgeted funds. In fiscal 2012 on a budgetary statutory basis, approximately 59 % of the Commonwealths annual budgeted revenues were derived from state taxes. In addition, the federal government provided approximately 24 % of such revenues, with the remaining 17 % provided from departmental revenues , fund balances and transfers from non-budgeted funds.
Major components of state tax revenue are the income tax, which account for 58 % of total tax revenues in fiscal 2012 (Budgeted Operating Funds), and the sales and use tax, which accounts for approximately 24 % of such tax revenues. Dedicated portions of the Commonwealths sales tax revenues are pledged to provide financial support for the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority and the Massachusetts School Building Authority. The financial statements of the Commonwealth are available at the web site of the Comptroller of the Commonwealth located at http://www.massgov.com/osc (click on Financial Reports/Audits).
Municipal revenues consist of taxes on real and personal property, distributions from the Commonwealth under a variety of programs and formulas, local receipts (including motor vehicle excise taxes, local option taxes, fines, licenses and permits, charges for utility and other services and investment income) and appropriations from other available funds (including general and dedicated reserve funds). Following the enactment in 1980 of the tax limitation initiative petition commonly known as Proposition 2½, local governments have become increasingly reliant on distribution of revenues from the Commonwealth to
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
106
SAI dated August 1, 2012
support local programs and services, although the amount of aid received varies significantly among municipalities. As a result of comprehensive education reform legislation enacted in June 1993, a large portion of local aid general revenue sharing funds is earmarked for public education and distributed through a formula designed to provide more aid to the Commonwealths poorer communities. There are also several specific local aid programs, such as public libraries, police education incentives, and property tax abatement for certain elderly or disabled residents.
The Commonwealth incorporates the use of commercial paper borrowing to meet cash flow needs for both capital and operating expenditures and periodically avail itself of cash flow borrowings for operating purposes. The pattern of the Commonwealths cash flow borrowings is largely the result of temporary cash imbalances caused by quarterly local aid payments to cities and towns, which total approximately $1 billion on the last day of each calendar quarter. All of the Commonwealths commercial paper issued for operating purposes in a fiscal year is required by state finance law to be paid not later than June 30 of such year.
The Commonwealth is authorized to issue three types of debt directly general obligation debt, special obligation debt and federal grant anticipation notes. General obligation debt is secured by a pledge of the full faith and credit of the Commonwealth. Special obligation debt may be secured either with a pledge of receipts credited to the Highway Fund or with a pledge of receipts credited to the Convention Center Fund. Federal grant anticipation notes are secured by a pledge of federal highway construction reimbursements. As of December 31, 2011 , the amount of Commonwealth long-term debt was approximately $20. 8 billion, consisting of approximately $ 18.5 billion of general obligation debt, $ 1.59 billion of special obligation debt, and $ 657 million of federal grant anticipation notes. Based on the United States census resident population estimate for Massachusetts for 2010 , the per capita amount of such debt as of fiscal year 2010 was $3, 147 .
In addition to the long-term liabilities described above, the Commonwealth is also authorized to pledge its credit in aid of and provide contractual support for certain independent authorities and political subdivisions within the Commonwealth. These Commonwealth liabilities are classified as either general obligation contract assistance liabilities, budgetary contractual assistance liabilities or contingent liabilities. General obligation contract assistance liabilities arise from statutory requirements for payments by the Commonwealth to the Massachusetts Development Finance Agency of 100% of the debt service of certain bonds issued by that authority , as well as payments to the Massachusetts Water Pollution Abatement Trust and the Massachusetts Department of Transportation that are not explicitly tied to debt service. Such liabilities constitute a pledge of the Commonwealths credit for which a two-thirds vote of the Legislature is required. Budgetary contractual assistance liabilities arise from statutory requirements for payments by the Commonwealth under capital leases, including leases supporting certain bonds issued by the Chelsea Industrial Development Financing Authority and the Route 3 North Transportation Improvements Association, and other contractual agreements . Such liabilities do not constitute a pledge of the Commonwealths credit. Contingent liabilities relate to debt obligations of independent authorities and agencies of the Commonwealth that are expected to be paid without Commonwealth assistance, but for which the Commonwealth has some kind of liability if expected payment sources do not materialize.
NEW YORK
Special Considerations Relating to New York
The Fund will have considerable investments in New York municipal obligations. Accordingly, the Fund is susceptible to certain factors which could adversely affect issuers of New York municipal obligations. The ability of issuers to pay interest on, and repay principal of, New York municipal obligations may be affected by: (1) amendments to the New York Constitution and other statutes that limit the taxing and spending authority of New York government entities; (2) the general financial and economic profile as well as the political climate of the State of New York, its public authorities, and political subdivisions; and (3) a change in New York laws and regulations or subsequent court decisions that may affect, directly or indirectly, New York municipal obligations. The Funds yield and share price are sensitive to these factors as one or more of such factors could undermine New York issuers efforts to borrow, inhibit secondary market liquidity, erode credit ratings and affect New York issuers ability to pay interest on, and repay principal of, New York municipal obligations. Furthermore, it should be noted that the creditworthiness of obligations issued by local New York issuers may be unrelated to the creditworthiness of obligations issued by the State of New York (State or New York ) and the City of New York (City), and that there is no obligation on the part of the State to make payment on such local obligations in the event of default.
Summarized below are important financial concerns relating to the Funds investments in State municipal obligations. This section is not intended to be an entirely comprehensive description of all risks involved in investing in State municipal obligations. The information in this section is intended to give a recent historical description and is not intended to indicate future or continuing trends in the financial or other positions of the State and the City. It should be noted that the information
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
107
SAI dated August 1, 2012
recorded here primarily is based on the economic and budget forecasts and economic risks found in certain 2012 publications issued by the State, the City and the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA ). The accuracy and completeness of the information in those reports have not been independently verified. All resources used to prepare the disclosure related to the City and State and the U.S. economy were published between May 3, 2012 and July 2, 2012. The resources used to prepare the MTA disclosure was published in February 2012. Since the time of the publications of such resources, there may be significant changes in circumstances altering the economic and budget predictions found in those publications and presented here.
In addition, it is important to note that many of the dollar amounts referenced in this section have been truncated to one digit after the decimal and rounded up or down to the appropriate dollar denomination. Because such dollar amounts generally reference large sums of money (e.g., millions or billions of dollars), the truncation and/or rounding of such dollar amounts may significantly differ from the untruncated and unrounded dollar amounts.
State Economy
The State has a diverse economy with a relatively large share of the nations financial activities, information and employment in health services and education, but a rather small share of the nations farming and mining activity. The State has the third highest population in the nation, and its residents have a comparatively high level of personal wealth. The most significant sectors of the States economy differ from those of the national economy. Tourism comprises a significant part of the economy. The States location, airport facilities and natural harbors have made it an essential link in international commerce. Manufacturing and construction account for smaller shares of employment for the State than for the nation, while service industries account for a larger share. The financial activities sector share of total State wages is particularly large relative to the nation. During an economic recession that is concentrated in construction and manufacturing, the State is likely to be less affected than the nation as a whole; however, the State is more likely to be affected during a recession that is concentrated in the services sector. The City has the highest population of any city in the nation and is the center of the nations largest metropolitan area. The City accounts for a large percentage of the States residents and personal income.
The discussion that follows regarding the status of the U.S. and State economies is primarily based on information published by the State Division of the Budget (DOB) on May 11, 2012 but has also been supplemented by information derived from other sources that were published on or before July 2, 2012. All predictions and past performance information regarding the U.S. and State economies contained in this section were made on or before those respective dates even though they may be stated in the present tense and may no longer be accurate.
During 2012, the U.S. economys recovery is expected to continue at a moderate pace. Although construction, job growth and car sales were all stronger than expected in the first quarter of 2012, other areas of household spending were weak. For example, unusually warm weather had a depressing effect on heating demand and rising gasoline and oil prices may have led to a lower demand for other energy-related goods. In addition, income growth remains sluggish, notwithstanding an improving job market. According to the U.S. Department of Commerce Bureau of Economic Analysis during the first quarter of 2012 the U.S. experienced a 1.9 percent gain in Real U.S. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) . DOB projects GDP to grow 2.3 percent in 2012. These growth rates are weak at this point in an economic expansion compared to other economic recoveries.
The private sector monthly job growth averaged 200,000 per month between September 2011 and March 2012. However, private sector employment growth has slowed down dramatically since then with only 82,000 private sector jobs being added during May 2012. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the unemployment rate rose to 8.2 percent in May 2012 (Bureau of Labor Statistics) after declining to 8.1 percent in March 2012, the lowest it has been since, January 2009. DOB projects employment growth of 1.7 percent in 2012. Personal income is projected to rise 3.8 percent in 2012 and wages, which is its largest component, is predicted to rise 4.6 percent in 2012.
Energy markets have reacted to supply risks due to Middle East tensions and anticipated significant increased demand for fuel from emerging markets. In fact, energy prices have been quite volatile. Earlier in 2012 gasoline prices hit the same peaks they reached in 2011 but since then have come down significantly. Nonetheless, the high prices have added a strain on household budgets and to inflationary pressures leading DOB to project 2.3 percent inflation in 2012.
The capital markets have been affected by the European sovereign debt crisis. Earlier in 2012 it appeared that progress had been made in solving the crisis which led to capital markets gains. The 10-year Treasury yield approached 2.4 percent in the middle of March for the first time since October 2011 and the S&P 500 rose 10 percent during the first quarter of 2012. However, in May 2012 the stock markets receded over 6 percent due to renewed concerns over the Eurozone crisis. In addition,
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
108
SAI dated August 1, 2012
yields on the 10-year Treasury came down significantly since their March highs for the year and were at 1.60 percent at the end of June.
DOB projects moderate economic growth for the U.S. economy over 2012. However, the economic recovery faces significant risks. It is unclear whether there will be a resolution of the European debt crisis, which could result in widening risk spreads and a decline in equity markets. A long or deep euro-zone recession or significantly slower growth in emerging markets could lead to lower than predicted demand for U.S. exports which may cause lower overall growth going forward. In addition, if the labor market fails to recover as anticipated or there are continued spikes in high energy prices, household spending could fall. In addition, an increase in foreclosures could delay recovery of home prices, which could in turn impede recovery in household net worth and also lead to lower household spending than predicted. Conversely, a milder European recession and stronger global growth could result in a greater demand for U.S. exports and a stronger than expected recovery in the job market could lead to greater household spending than projected.
With respect to the State, DOB believes that State employment growth remains healthy. State private sector employment experienced growth of 2.0 percent in 2011 and is estimated to grow 1.5 percent in 2012. By the end of May 2012, the States private sector had regained all of the private sector jobs it lost during the recession according to the New York State Department of Labor. In 2011, total employment growth was 1.2 percent and is estimated to be 1.1 percent in 2012. State wage growth of 3.1 percent is projected in 2012 with growth in total personal income predicted to be 3.4 percent. Although these growth rates demonstrate an improving economy, they remain significantly below historical averages.
All of the risks to the national economic forecast apply to the State forecast as well, although as the nations financial capital, the volume of financial market activity and equity market volatility present a significant level of uncertainty for New York. In addition, with Wall Street still adjusting compensation practices in the aftermath of financial reform legislation, the timing of both bonus and non-bonus pay has become much less predictable, making inference from past patterns less certain. A weaker labor market and/or lower bonuses than projected could result in lower wages and, consequently, weaker household consumption. In addition, if financial and real estate markets are weaker than anticipated, taxable capital gains realizations could be negatively affected. These effects would have an effect on the entire State economy, depressing both employment and wage growth. Conversely, stronger national and global economic growth, or a stronger upturn in stock prices, along with a greater volume of merger and acquisition and other Wall Street deal activity, could result in higher wage and bonuses growth than projected.
There can be no assurance that the State economy will not experience results worse than those predicted in the 2012-13 fiscal year (April 1, 2012 through March 31, 2013 ) or subsequent fiscal years, with related material and adverse effects on the States estimates of receipts and disbursements.
State Budget
Each year, the Governor is required to provide the State Legislature with a balanced executive budget which constitutes the proposed State financial plan for the ensuing fiscal year. The States fiscal year for 2012-13 ends on March 31, 2013. (The States fiscal year for 2013-2014 will run from April 1, 2013 to March 31, 2014.) The Governors executive budget is required to be balanced on a cash basis and that is the primary focus of the DOB in preparing the financial plan for the State. State finance law also requires the State financial plan to be reported using generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), in accordance with standards and regulations set forth by the Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB). As such, the State reports its financial results on both the cash accounting basis, showing receipts and disbursements and the GAAP modified accrual basis, showing revenues and expenditures. In April 2012, DOB published the Enacted Budget Financial Plan for Fiscal Year 2013 ( Financial Plan) which sets forth the States official financial plans for fiscal years 2013 through 2016. The State financial results, as described below, are calculated on a cash accounting basis. The GAAP projections for the States budget can be obtained from the DOB.
The DOB projects a closing balance in the States largest and principal operating fund, the General Fund, of $1. 8 billion at the end of the 2012-13 fiscal year, assuming current expected budget gaps can be closed without the use of existing reserves. (See important disclosure regarding closure of the projected budget gaps in the General Fund Outyear Budget Gap Projections and the Other Considerations sections of this Statement of Additional Information.) The balance consists of $1. 1 billion in the Tax Stabilization Reserve Fund, $ 175 million in the Rainy Day Reserve Fund, $21 million in the Contingency Reserve Fund for litigation risks, $ 57 million in the Community Projects Fund (reflecting an expected $ 45 million disbursement during the fiscal year with no additional deposits to this fund ) to finance various discretionary grants by the State Legislature and $ 422 million designated to cover the costs of potential retroactive labor settlements with unions that
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have not agreed to contracts for prior contract periods. If settlements are reached in the 2012-13 fiscal year, the fund balance in the General fund will decrease by the amount of the settlements .
Total General Fund disbursements are projected to be approximately $ 58 .9 billion periods in fiscal year 2012-13 , an increase of nearly $ 2.4 billion or 4. 2 % from 2011-12 results. According to the Financial Plan, General Fund receipts in 2012-13 are expected to reach $ 58.9 billion, an increase of $2. 0 billion, or 3. 5% from 2011-12 receipts. All Government Funds spending is projected to be $133.4 billion in 2012-3 a decrease of $ 111 million or 0 .1% from 2011-12. The major sources of all Government Funds spending include among other things: school aid, Medicaid, transportation, social services, State employee fringe benefits, State operations, debt service and capital projects. All Government Funds receipts are projected to be $133.3 billion in 2012-13, an increase of 0.4% from 2011-12 .
General Fund Outyear Budget Gap Projections
Before enactment of the 2012-13 budget, the State faced an estimated current-services budget gap in the General Fund of $ 3.5 billion for fiscal year 2012-13 and projected budget gaps in future years of $3.6 billion in 2013-14, $5.0 billion in 2014-15 , and $4.2 billion in 2015-16. The Financial Plan closed the projected budget gap for 2012-13 through a gap closing plan, and the DOB estimates that it reduces future budget gaps to $ 950 million in 2013-14, $3 .4 billion in 2014-15, and $4.1 billion in 2015-16. The combined four-year gap projected for fiscal years 2012-13 through 2015-16 totals approximately $ 8.5 billion after the Financial Plan budget reduction recommendations.
The budget gap forecasts are based on assumptions of economic performance, revenue collections, spending patterns and projections of the costs of program activities. Future budget gaps are subject to substantial revision as additional information becomes available about the national and State economies, financial sector activity, entitlement spending and social service caseloads, and State reimbursement obligations that are driven by local government activity. See also the discussion below in the Other Considerations section of this Statement of Additional Information.
Other Considerations
Many complex political, social and economic forces influence the States economy and finances, which may in turn affect the Financial Plan. These factors may affect the State unpredictably from fiscal year to fiscal year and are influenced by governments, institutions and events that are not subject to the States control. It is also necessarily based upon forecasts of national and State economic activity and the ability of the State to collect related tax receipts as projected. Economic forecasts have frequently failed to predict accurately the timing and magnitude of changes in the national and State economies. In certain fiscal years, actual collections were substantially below the levels forecast for the year. There can be no assurance that the States actual results will not differ materially and adversely from the current forecast.
There are numerous uncertainties and risks that could affect the Financial Plan including the euro-zone financial crisis and other international events, consumer confidence, oil supplies and oil prices , federal statutory and regulatory changes in the financial sector (including changes to compensation packages), interest rate policy changes, financial and real estate market developments on bonus income and capital gains realizations and the effect of household debt reduction on consumer spending and State tax collections. Other uncertainties and risks that could affect the Financial Plan, include but are not limited to: the potential for State employees wage increases to exceed the projected annual wage costs; successful negotiations with State employee unions over benefits and wage changes; the extent to which projected earnings for pension fund assets and current assumptions with respect to wages for State employees affecting the States required pension fund contributions are realized; the federal governments willingness and ability to provide the aid reflected in the Financial Plan; the ability of the State to reduce costs, including operating expenses, as planned; household deleveraging on consumer spending and State tax collections; financial and real estate market developments on capital gains realizations and bonus income; the ability of the State and its public authorities to market securities successfully in the public credit markets; and the receipt of expected levels of federal funding aid for health care, education, transportation and other governmental purposes. The projections and assumptions contained in the Financial Plan are subject to State revision which may involve substantial change, and no assurance can be given that the Financial Plans estimates and projections, which include actions the State expects to be taken but which are not within the States control, will be realized.
There is also a risk that projected budget gaps will increase materially from current projected levels which would require the State to take additional gap-closing actions. Such additional gap-closing actions may include, but are not limited to, additional reductions in the operations of State agencies; delays or reductions in payments recipients of State aid such as local governments; capital maintenance and construction suspensions or delays; and/or financing operating expenses through
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extraordinary means. In some cases, the ability of the State to implement such actions requires both Legislature and Governor approval.
One of the risks that could cause budget gaps to increase materially relates to Medicaid cost controls. The Financial Plan assumes the use available statutory tools to implement Medicaid cost savings. However, there can be no assurance that these controls will be sufficient to limit the rate of annual growth of Department of Health State Funds Medicaid spending to the levels projected in the Financial Plan. In addition, limitation on annual growth is dependent on timely federal government approvals , regulatory changes (as appropriate) and the cooperation of the health care industry.
The Financial Plan forecast also contains specific transaction risks and other uncertainties including, but not limited to, the receipt of certain payments from public authorities; the receipt of miscellaneous revenues at the levels projected in the Financial Plan; and the success of cost-savings measures including, but not limited to, the transfer of available fund balances to the General Fund at the levels currently anticipated and statutory or regulatory constraints on planned cost savings-measures.
The Financial Plan authorizes the General Fund to temporarily borrow resources from other funds in the States short-term investment pool (STIP) for a period not to exceed four months or to the end of the fiscal year, whichever is shorter. In fiscal year 2011-12, the General Fund used this authority in April 2011, but repaid such amounts by the end of April 2011. While the DOB expects that the General Fund will have adequate liquidity to make payments as they become due throughout fiscal year 2012-13, the General Fund may occasionally temporarily borrow funds from STIP during the fiscal year. Like prior years, DOB expects relatively low cash balances during May, June, August and December 2012.
The fiscal year 2012-13 Financial Plan includes a reserve to cover the costs of a pattern settlement with all unions that have not agreed to contracts for fiscal year 2007-08 through fiscal year 2011-12 . The pattern is based on the terms agreed to by the States largest unions for this period. There can be no assurance that actual settlements, some of which are subject to binding arbitration, will not exceed the amounts included in the Financial Plan. In August 2011, a statutorily authorized judicial compensation commission authorized salary increases for judges beginning in fiscal year 2012-13. The Current Financial Plan assumes in its budget projections these judiciary salary increases.
The Financial Plan incorporates savings achieved in 2011-12 from wage and benefit changes negotiated with the States two largest employee unions. Nonetheless, agreements with other State unions, which represent approximately 35 percent of the State workforce, still need to be reached, and there is no guarantee that such agreements will achieve similar savings.
State law allows health insurance companies to convert from a not-for-profit to a for-profit corporation, subject to certain restrictions and approvals . The proceeds of such conversions must be used by the State for health-care-related expenses. The Financial Plan assumes the State will receive approximately $250 million in fiscal year 2012-13 and $300 million in each of fiscal years 2013-14, 2014-15 and 2015-16, which would be deposited into the States Health Care Reform Act (HCRA) account. If conversions do not occur as assumed in the Financial Plan, the State would be required to take other actions to increase available resources or to reduce planned spending from the HCRA account .
The State receives a significant amount of federal aid for health care, education, transportation, and other government needs. Any reduction in federal funding levels could have a materially adverse impact on the Financial Plan.
The Financial Plan may be adversely affected by actions taken by the federal government with respect to Medicaid , including audits, disallowances, and changes to federal participation rates or other Medicaid rules. For example, all Medicaid claims are subject to audit and review by the federal government. Recently, the Federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) requested additional information pertaining to claims for services provided to individuals in developmental centers operated by the Office for People with Developmental Disabilities (OPWDD). Although no official audit has commenced, the State OPWDD is working together with the federal government to resolve concerns over reimbursement for services provided to individuals in developmental centers. Any adverse action by CMS relative to these claims could jeopardize a significant amount of federal Medicaid participation in this program. The State has also begun the process of seeking CMS approval to create a contemporary and sustainable system of service funding and delivery for individuals with developmental disabilities.
Debt outstanding and debt service costs over the course of the plan period are projected to remain below the limits prescribed by the Debt Reform Act of 2000 (Debt Reform Act) based on the updated forecasts in the Financial Plan. However, the State is currently in a period of relatively limited debt capacity. The available room under the debt outstanding cap is expected to decline from $3.6 billion in 2011-12 to $602 million in 2013-14. These estimates do not include the potential impact of new capital spending that may be authorized in future budgets or efforts to curtail existing bonded programs. The State
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is continuing to implement measures to further adjust capital spending priorities and debt financing practices to stay in compliance with the statutory outstanding debt limit.
Under legislation enacted in the 2010-11 fiscal year, State and local governments may amortize (defer paying) a portion of their pension costs. Amortization temporarily reduces public employers pension costs in a given fiscal year but leads to higher overall costs when repaid with interest. The legislation sets amortization thresholds each year, and pension contribution costs in excess of the amortization thresholds may be amortized. The current Financial Plan assumes that both the State and the States Office of Court Administrations will elect to amortize pension costs in future years consistent with the legislation and repay such amounts at an interest rate assumed by DOB to be 3.75 percent over 10 years from the date of each deferred payment. In the 2010-11 fiscal year, the State amortized $249.6 million, and 51 participating employers amortized a total of $43.6 million. In the 2011-12 fiscal year the State elected to amortize $562.9 million and 133 participating employers amortized a total of $215.9 million.
Currently, under the Federal Budget Control Act of 2011 (BCA), $1.2 trillion in federal deficit reduction must be met over ten years. Across the board spending cuts (i.e., the sequestration process) are scheduled to begin in January 2013. The BCA prescribes that approximately 82 percent of the $1.2 trillion in deficit reduction must be met through spending reductions, divided evenly between the Defense Department and non-Defense spending. The balance must be achieved through debt service savings. The State is analyzing the potential impact of the BCA on the Financial Plan and State economy. DOB currently estimates that, if the sequestration process operates as set forth in the BCA and without any further adjustment by Congress, New York State and local governments could lose approximately $5 billion in federal funding over nine years, beginning in fiscal year 2012-13. This does not account for potential declines in other revenues that may occur as a result of lost federal funding. As more information becomes available, DOB may modify these estimates.
Substantially all of the States employees become eligible for post-retirement benefits if they reach retirement while working for the State. In accordance with the Governmental Accounting Standards Board Statement 45, the State must perform an actuarial valuation every two years for purposes of calculating Other Post-Employment Benefits (OPEB) liabilities. The Annual Required Contribution (ARC) represents the annual level of funding, if set aside on an ongoing basis, that is projected to cover normal costs each year and amortize any unfunded liabilities of the plan over a maximum period of thirty years. Any amounts required but not actually set aside to pay for these benefits are accumulated with interest as part of the net OPEB obligation, after adjusting for amounts previously required. The net OPEB liability for fiscal year 2011-12 totaled 3.7 billion ($3.1 billion for the State and $0.4 billion for SUNY) under the Frozen Entry Age actuarial cost method. Allocating costs on a level basis over earnings. The $3.7 billion was $2.5 billion ($2.1 billion for the State and $0.4 billion for SUNY) above payments for OPEB actually made by the State. That difference reduced the States positive net asset condition by $2.5 billion. The Governmental Accounting Standards Board does not require the additional costs to be funded in the States budgetary basis, and no funding is assumed for this purpose in the Financial Plan.
The States Secured Hospital Program enables certain financially distressed not-for-profit hospitals to gain access to the capital markets. Under the Secured Hospital Program, the State is obligated to pay debt service, subject to annual appropriations by the Legislature, on certain bonds in the event there are shortfalls in revenues from other sources, including hospital payments and certain reserve funds held by the applicable trustees for the bonds. As of March 31, 2012, there was a total of $503 million of outstanding bonds for the program. The financial condition of most of the eight hospitals in the Secured Hospital Program is deteriorating, and several are experiencing significant operating losses that are likely to impair their ability to remain current on their loan payment obligations. The Financial Plan assumes additional costs of $3 million in fiscal year 2012-13 and $32 million in fiscal year 2013-14 and $39 million annually thereafter for the Secured Hospital Program. Such amounts are based on the actual experience to date of the participants in the program, and would cover the debt service costs for the four hospitals that currently are not meeting the terms of their loan agreements. In relation to the entire Secured Hospitals Program portfolio, a maximum annual exposure to the State of up to $39 million would be realized if reserve funds held by trustees were fully depleted and if all remaining hospitals in the Secured Hospitals Program failed to meet the terms of their loan agreements.
The United States Congress often considers making changes to the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Since the State uses federal taxable income as the starting point for calculating taxable income, such changes in federal law could adversely impact State tax revenues. There can be no assurance that receipts will not fall below current projections, requiring additional budget-balancing actions in the current year, and the gaps projected for future years will not increase materially from the projections set forth in the Financial Plan. In addition in recent years the State has made substantial reductions in planned spending. However, large budget gaps are still projected for future years.
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Recent State Fiscal Years
The DOB has reported that the General Fund ended the 2011-12 fiscal year with the following unaudited results on a cash basis. The State ended the 2011-12 fiscal year in balance. Total receipts, including transfers from other funds, were $ 56.9 billion. Disbursements, including transfers to other funds, totaled $ 56.5 billion. The General Fund ended the fiscal year with a balance of $1. 79 billion, which consisted of $1. 1 billion in States Tax Stabilization Reserve Fund, 175 million in the Rainy Day Reserve Fund , $21 million in the Contingency Reserve Fund, $102 million in the Community Projects Fund, $75 million in an undesignated fund balance and $283 million reserved for potential retroactive labor settlements. . The closing balance in the General Fund was $ 411 million higher than the closing balance for 2010-11.
State Debt
The debt of the State and of certain public authorities (Authorities) consists of State-supported debt and State-related debt . State-supported debt is a subcategory of State-related debt. State-supported debt includes : (1) general obligation debt of the State to which the full faith and credit of the State has been pledged; (2) lease-purchase and contractual-obligations of public Authorities and municipalities where the States obligations to make payments to those public Authorities and municipalities to cover debt service on those instruments is dependent on annual appropriations made by the Legislature and not based upon general obligations of the State; (3) long-term obligations issued by the Local Government Assistance Corporation Program, a public benefit corporation empowered to issue long-term obligations to fund certain payments to local governments traditionally funded through the States annual seasonal borrowing ; and (4) State Personal Income Tax (PIT) Revenue Bond Financing (State PIT Revenue Bonds), which is issued by certain Authorities. The legislation enacting the issuance of State Pit Revenue Bonds provides that 25 percent of PIT receipts, excluding refunds owed to taxpayers, must be deposited into the Revenue Bond Tax Fund to be used to make debt service payments on these bonds. Legislation enacted in 2007 increased, under certain circumstances, the amount of PIT receipts to be deposited into the Revenue Bond Tax Fund by removing an exclusion for PIT amounts deposited to the STAR Fund.
State-related debt is a broader category of state debt that includes State-related debt but also includes State-guaranteed debt, moral obligation financings, certain contingent-contractual obligation financings, and certain other State financings (Other State Financings). Debt service on State-guaranteed debt, moral obligation financings, and the contingent-contractual obligation financings is expected to be paid from sources other than the State and State appropriations are contingent in that they may be made and used only under certain circumstances. Other State Financings relates to debt issued by an Authority on behalf of a municipality. These include capital leases, mortgage loan commitments and debt of the municipal bond bank agency to finance prior year school claims. The municipality pays debt service on such financings by assigning specified State and local assistance payments it receives. The State does not have any obligation to continue to appropriate the local assistance payments that are the subject of the municipality assignments or make any debt service payments on such financings.
As of March 31, 2012 , the State had approximately $3.5 billion outstanding in general obligation debt, $ 11 .3 billion in debt relating to lease-purchase and other service contract financing of State capital programs, $ 23 .0 billion in State PIT Revenue Bonds, $11. 8 billion in other revenue bonds, $3. 1 billion in debt from the Local Government Assistance Corporation, $3. 2 billion outstanding in contingent-contractual obligation financings, $ 20 million in moral obligations financing, $ 19 million in State guaranteed debt and $ 749 million in other State financings. The Financial Plan projects debt issuances of $5.4 billion in fiscal year 2012-13 to finance new capital projects which is an increase of 696 million (14.9 percent) from fiscal year 2012. The following new debt issuances are projected to be issued for 2012-13: $436 million in general obligation bonds; $633 million in Dedicated Highway and Bridge Trust Fund Bonds; $260 million in SUNY Dormitory Facilities Revenue Bonds; $ 397 million in Mental Health Facilities Improvement Revenue Bonds; and $3. 6 billion in State PIT Revenue Bonds to finance various capital programs.
Total State-related debt outstanding is projected to increase from $ 56.4 billion in 2011-12 to $57. 7 billion in 2012-13. The estimated debt service on State-related debt for the 2012-13 fiscal year is expected to be approximately $6. 5 billion. Total State-supported debt is projected to increase from $ 52.8 billion in 2011-12 to $54.5 billion in 2012-13. The estimated debt service on State-supported debt for the 2011-12 fiscal year is expected to be approximately $5.9 billion. The estimated debt service on State-supported debt for the 2012-13 fiscal year is expected to be approximately $6. 1 billion. New State-supported debt issued on or after April 1, 2000 is subject to the Debt Reform Act. This Act imposes caps on new debt outstanding and new debt service costs, restricts the use of debt to capital works and purposes only and restricts the
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maximum term of debt issuances to no more than 30 years. Total State-supported debt service costs as a percent of total governmental funds receipts is estimated to be 2. 9 percent in fiscal year 2012-13 with respect to debt service subject to the Debt Reform Act caps.
The States outstanding General Obligation bonds were rated AA with a positive outlook by Fitch as of June 11, 2012 , AA with a stable outlook by S&P as of December 2 , 2011, and Aa2 with a stable outlook by Moodys as of July 9, 2012. Ratings reflect only the respective views of such organizations, and an explanation of the significance of such ratings may be obtained from the rating agency that furnished the rating. There is no assurance that a particular rating will continue for any given period of time or that any such rating will not be revised downward or withdrawn entirely, if in the judgment of the agency originally establishing the rating, circumstances so warrant. Any such downward revision or withdrawal could have an adverse effect on the market prices of the State general obligation bonds.
Litigation
The State is a defendant in certain court cases that could ultimately affect the ability of the State to maintain a balanced Financial Plan. The State believes that the proposed Financial Plan includes sufficient reserves to offset the costs associated with any potential adverse rulings. In addition, any potential amounts may be structured over a multi-year period. However, it is possible that adverse decisions in legal proceedings against the State could exceed the amount of all potential Financial Plan resources set aside for judgments, and consequently could negatively affect the States ability to maintain a balanced Financial Plan. The disclosure below only includes litigation where the State deems the monetary claims against the State to be material or that involves significant challenges to or impacts on the States financial policies or practices.. The State generally only deems a monetary claim to be material if it exceeds $100 million. Furthermore, the litigation discussed below does not include all pending material matters and it does not include any pending material matter where the States legal counsel has advised that it is not probable that the State will suffer adverse decisions.
There are a number of suits pending against the State by Indian tribes that claim Indian land was taken illegally by the State. The disputed portions of land in these suits range from 15,000 acres to a strip of land varying in width from about 10 miles to more than 40 miles, including the area constituting the City of Syracuse. The remedies sought in these suits include among other things assertions of a possessory interest in the land, ejectment, claims seeking the difference between the amount paid for the lands and the fair market value of the lands at the time of the transaction, monetary damages and prejudgment interest. Taken together two significant decisions rendered by the Supreme Court and the Second Circuit Court of Appeals in City of Sherrill v. Oneida Indian Nation of New York , 544 U.S. 197 (2005), and Cayuga Indian Nation of New York v. Pataki , 413 F.3d 266 (2d Cir. 2005), cert. denied, 126 S.Ct. 2021, 2022 (2006) made clear that the equitable doctrines of laches, acquiescence, and impossibility can bar ancient land claims. Relying on these decisions, in Oneida Indian Nation et al. v. County of Oneida et al. , 617 F.3d 114 (2d Cir. 2010), the Second Circuit Court of Appeals dismissed the Oneida land claim. The United States Supreme Court, on October 17, 2011, denied plaintiffs petitions for certiorari to review the decision of the Second Circuit. See Oneida Indian Nation of New York et al. v. State of New York . Some of the pending major cases that involve Indian claims include Canadian St. Regis Band of Mohawk Indians, et al., v. State of New York, et al. ; and The Onondaga Nation v. The State of New York, et al (NDNY); Shinnecock Indian Nation v. State of New York, et al. (EDNY).
There is a Second Circuit appeal and a nationwide arbitration proceeding pending against the State involving the 1998 Tobacco Master Settlement Agreement (MSA) between tobacco manufacturers who are party to the MSA (PMs) and 46 settling states (including the State), plus some territories and the District of Columbia (collectively the Settling States). Under the MSA, the PMs pay the Settling States each year in perpetuity a base payment to compensate for economic harm to the Settling States for smoking-related illness. In exchange for the payments by the PMs and imposition of certain tobacco advertising and marketing restrictions among other things, the MSA releases the PMs from past and present smoking-related claims by States and provides for a continuing release of future smoking-related claims. In order to keep the base payment under the MSA, each Settling State must pass and diligently enforce a statute that requires tobacco manufacturers who are not party to the MSA (Non-Participating Manufacturers or NPMs) to deposit in escrow an amount roughly equal to the amount that PMs pay per pack sold. The States allocable share of the total payment is about 12.8 percent of the total, or approximately $800 million on an annual basis.
The Second Circuit appeal against the State related to the MSA involves a case in which a cigarette importer claims in an action against attorneys general of thirty states, including New York , (1) violations of the Commerce Clause of the U.S. Constitution, (2) the establishment of an output cartel in conflict with the Sherman Act, (3) selective non-enforcement of the laws on Native American reservations in contradiction of the Equal Protection Clause of the U.S. Constitution; and (4) federal preemption and additional claims. On March 22, 2011, the District Court denied plaintiffs summary judgment motion and
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granted defendants motions for summary judgment dismissing the complaint. Plaintiff has moved before the District Court to amend the Findings and Judgment pursuant to FRCP59(e) and appealed the District Courts decision to the Second Circuit. On January 30, 2012, the District Court denied Plaintiffs motion to amend the Courts findings. Both the District Courts March 22, 2011 decision and the subsequent January 30, 2012 decision are on appeal. See Grand River Ent. v. King (SDNY) .
In the nationwide arbitration proceeding against the State, the PMs allege violations of the terms of the MSA by the Settling States (except for Montana) for 2003 with respect to their treatment of tobacco manufacturers who are not party to the MSA. The PMs seek a downward adjustment of the payment due in that year which would serve as a credit against future payments. Any such claims for years prior to 2003 were settled in 2003. The PMs are making the identical claim for 2004-2006, but none of those years are currently in arbitration. The arbitration panel has thus far ruled, among other things, that the Settling States involved have the burden of proof in establishing diligent enforcement of the escrow statutes and that the 2003 settlement of prior NPM Adjustment claims, does not preclude the PMs from basing their claim for a 2003 NPM Adjustment on 2002 NPM sales. A hearing on issues common to all states took place in Chicago on April 16-24, 2012. State-specific hearings commenced in May 2012, starting with the hearings involving Missouri and Illinois. As of May 2012, New Yorks diligent enforcement hearing were scheduled to take place on June 25-29, 2012. State-specific hearings are scheduled for two weeks each month until June 2013.
State of New York, et al. v. The United States of America, et al. , 06-CV-810 (WDNY) is an action by the State and the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority seeking (i) a declaration that defendants are liable under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) for the States response costs and for damages to the States natural resources stemming from nuclear contamination from the Western New York Nuclear Service Center in Cattaraugus County, New York (the Site), and a judgment compensating the State for such costs and damages, (ii) a declaration of defendants responsibilities under the West Valley Demonstration Project Act (the Act) to decontaminate and decommission the Site as well as for future site monitoring and maintenance, and (iii) a declaration that the defendants are responsible for paying the fees for disposal of solidified high level radioactive waste at the Site under the Nuclear Waste Policy Act. Thus far, the combined federal and State costs to date amount to approximately $2.6 billion, with the States expenses approaching $320 million.
After commencement of the action, the parties engaged in court-ordered mediation, as a result of which a consent decree was approved and entered on August 17, 2010 resolving several key claims in the litigation. The Consent Decree identifies a specific cost share for each government for specified facilities and known areas of contamination, and sets forth a process for determining cost shares for contamination that may be identified in the future. The Consent Decree does not select or advocate the selection of any particular cleanup program for the Site, and cleanup decisions are being made via the ongoing Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) process.
The Consent Decree also does not resolve two claims raised in the States lawsuit - the States natural resource damages claim and its Nuclear Waste Policy Act claim. The first claim, which the federal government has agreed to toll, will be pursued by the NYS Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) (as trustee of the States natural resources) and the Attorney Generals office. The claim concerning the federal governments obligation to pay fees for disposal of high level radioactive waste from the West Valley Demonstration Project under the Nuclear Waste Policy Act has not been settled or dismissed. The District Court will advise the parties of a conference date for the purpose of preparing a scheduling order for adjudicating this claim. In the meantime, the parties are discussing potential ways to resolve the Nuclear Waste Policy Act claim without litigation.
On July 17, 2008, Weaver v. State of New York was filed in the New York State Court of Claims. The claimant alleges that executive directors of Office of Mental Health facilities have improperly received and applied benefits that were due to patients and former patients. The named claimant sought certification of a class, as well as benefits on her own behalf. The States motion to dismiss the class action claim was granted in early 2010 by the Court of Claims. The Appellate Division, Second Department, affirmed the decision of the Court of Claims on March 8, 2011. On September 27, 2010, the Court of Claims (Ruderman, J.), granted the States motion for summary judgment against the individual claims and dismissed them. Claimants served a notice of appeal on November 23, 2010. By decision and order dated January 17, 2012, the Appellate Division, Second Department, affirmed the decision of the Court of Claims. On March 2, 2012, claimants moved for leave to appeal to the Court of Appeals. On March 16, 2012, the State filed its papers in opposition to that motion.
The plaintiffs in Hampton Transportation Ventures, Inc. et al. v. Silver et al. ( now in Sup. Ct., Albany Co.) and other similar cases, including William Floyd Union Free School District v. State ( now in Sup. Ct., New York Co.), Town of Brookhaven v. Silver, et al ( now in Sup. Ct., Albany Co.), Town of Southampton and Town of Southold v. Silver ( now in Sup. Ct., Albany Co.), Town of Huntington v. Silver ( now in Sup. Ct ., Albany Co.), Mangano v. Silver (Sup. Ct., Nassau Co .), Town of Smithtown v. Silver ( now part of the Mangano case in Sup. Ct., Nassau Co.) and Vanderhoef v. Silver (now
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in Sup. Ct., Albany Co.), plaintiffs challenge the constitutionality of 2009 Laws of New York chapter 25, which imposed certain taxes and fees, including a regional payroll tax, in the Metropolitan Commuter Transportation District, the revenue from which is passed to the Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Plaintiffs seek judgments declaring that the enactment of Chapter 25 violated State constitutional provisions relating to the need for a home rule message, supermajority requirements for enactment of special or local laws, single purpose appropriation bill, and liability for the debts of public authorities. In addition, plaintiffs demand a judgment declaring that enactment of chapter 25 violated provisions of the Public Authority Law § 1266 requiring that the Metropolitan Transportation Authority be self-sustaining. A village, a number of additional towns, Suffolk County and the Orange County Chamber of Commerce have joined the Mangano case as plaintiffs. Defendants in each of the cases have moved to change the venue of their respective cases to Albany County or New York County and the venue has changed in most of the cases. The plaintiffs in the Huntington and Hampton cases have appealed from the orders changing venue. In Vanderhoef, Huntington, Floyd, Brookhaven Southampton/Southold and Hampton , the defendants have moved for judgment in their favor. The plaintiffs in Hampton and Floyd voluntarily stipulated to discontinue their case after legislative amendment of the applicable statute exempted school districts from the mobility tax imposed by the statute on employers in the Metropolitan Commuter Transportation District. The Supreme Court, Albany County issued decisions granting summary judgment to defendants in Brookhaven, Huntington and Southampton/Southold . The Brookhaven and Huntington plaintiffs have appealed from those decisions.
Plaintiffs in Becker et al. v. Paterson et al. (Sup. Ct., Albany Co.) seek a judgment declaring that the governors determination to delay payment of school aid due by statute on December 15, 2009, violated State constitutional provisions concerning, among other things, the separation of powers doctrine. The funds at issue have been released since the filing of the case. After a February 3, 2010 court conference to discuss the status of the case, plaintiffs amended their complaint to reflect late payment of the funds at issue. Cross motions for summary judgment were filed and the motions were argued on June 24, 2010.
In a second case involving the parties ( Becker et al. v. Paterson (Sup. Ct., Albany Co.)),plaintiffs seek a judgment declaring that the governors determination to delay payment of school aid from March 31, 2010 to June 1, 2010, also violated State constitutional provisions related to, among other things, the separation of powers doctrine. Since the commencement of the suit, the moneys at issue have also been released. Cross motions for summary judgment were filed. On January 14, 2011, the Court issued a joint order and decision dismissing both actions as moot because of the payments made after the commencement of the actions. On February 25, 2011, plaintiffs appealed to the Appellate Division, Third Department. The appeal was never perfected and, under the Appellate Divisions rules, is deemed abandoned.
In Hussein v. State of New York , plaintiffs seek a judgment declaring that the States system of financing public education violates section 1 of article 11 of the State Constitution, on the ground that it fails to provide a sound basic education. In a decision and order dated July 21, 2009, Supreme Court, Albany County, denied the States motion to dismiss the action. The State appealed this denial to the Appellate Division, Third Department. On January 13, 2011, the Appellate Division, Third Department, affirmed the denial of the motion to dismiss. On May 6, 2011, the Third Department granted defendants leave to appeal to the Court of Appeals. On September 15, 2011, the Court of Appeals placed the appeal on track for full briefing and oral argument. The appeal was argued April 26, 2012. Furthermore, on August 18, 2011, Supreme Court, Albany County granted the States motion to stay all proceedings in the case until further order of the court or a decision from the Court of Appeals. Subsequently, plaintiffs filed a motion to have the stay vacated or modified to permit the continuation of depositions and the filing of a motion for partial summary judgment. In a Decision/Order dated December 6, 2011, Supreme Court, Albany County, granted plaintiffs motion for renewal and modified the stay to allow discovery to continue, but refused to allow plaintiffs to file a motion for partial summary judgment or any other dispositive motion. Depositions are being scheduled
In Oneida Indian Nation of New York v. Paterson, et al. and four consolidated cases, the tribal plaintiffs seek declaratory judgments that their rights under federal law have been violated by Chapters 134 and 136 of the Laws of 2010, which amended the Tax Law regarding collection of excise taxes on reservation cigarette sales to non-tribal members and enjoining the State from enforcing those laws. The District Court for the Western District of New York rejected plaintiffs motions for preliminary injunctions in four of the five cases, but granted a stay of enforcement pending plaintiffs appeal. Plaintiffs motion for a preliminary injunction was granted by the District Court for the Northern District of New York in the fifth case. The Second Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed the Western Districts orders on May 9, 2011, which denied the plaintiffs motions for preliminary injunctions, and vacated the Northern Districts order granting the motion for a preliminary injunction, vacated all stays pending appeal, and remanded the cases to the District Courts for further proceedings consistent with the Courts opinion. In the Northern and Western District cases, the State has moved for summary judgment and the plaintiffs have moved for voluntary dismissal without prejudice. The motions were taken on submission in the Northern District on November 25, 2011 and argued in the Western District on December 20, 2011. On January 9, 2012, the District Court for the Northern District of
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New York granted plaintiffs motion for voluntary dismissal without prejudice and denied the State defendants motion for summary judgment as moot.
In Day Wholesale Inc., et al. v. State, et al. (Sup. Ct., Erie Co.), plaintiffs are challenging, and attempting to enjoin, the collection of taxes on cigarettes sold to or by reservation retailers. The Supreme Court, Erie County, On August 31, 2010, vacated two of its prior preliminary injunctions barring the collection of such taxes until defendants took various steps to comply with prior law. Plaintiffs motion for a preliminary injunction enjoining enforcement of the provisions of Chapters 134 and 186 of the Laws of 2010 was also denied by the Court. The plaintiffs appealed. On September 14, 2010 the Appellate Division, Fourth Department denied plaintiffs motion for a preliminary injunction pending appeal. Pursuant to the rules of the Appellate Division, Fourth Department, the appeal is deemed abandoned because plaintiffs failed to perfect the appeal within 9 months of the filing of the notice of appeal. The State is seeking a formal discontinuation of this action.
The Seneca Nation of Indians commenced Seneca Nation of Indians v. State of New York, et al. , on February 10, 2011, in Supreme Court, Erie County, to challenge regulations implementing a statutory voucher system proposed to allow the State to collect taxes on sales of cigarettes on Indian reservations. Plaintiffs seek a judgment enjoining enforcement of both the regulations and the statutory provisions authorizing the voucher system and also declaring the regulations void. The Supreme Court, Erie County, on May 10, 2011, issued a temporary restraining order that temporarily prohibited the implementation, administration, and enforcement of the voucher system, pending a hearing and determination of plaintiffs motion for a preliminary injunction. On June 8, 2011, the Court issued an order granting defendants motion for summary judgment, dismissed the complaint and vacated the temporary restraining order. On November 18, 2011, the Appellate Division, Fourth Department, affirmed. On February 21, 2012, Plaintiffs motion for leave to appeal to the Court of Appeals was denied.
In Gyrodine v. State of New York (Court of Claims), claimant is seeking damages under the Eminent Domain Procedures Law with respect to the appropriation by the State of 245 acres of land related to the expansion of SUNY Stony Brook. On June 21, 2010, the Court of Claims awarded claimant compensation of $125 million. The State appealed from the decision on September 13, 2010. The Appellate Division, Second Department, affirmed the decision of the Court of Claims in a decision issued on November 22, 2011. On February 17, 2012, the Second Department denied the States motion for reargument or, in the alternative, leave to appeal to the Court of Appeals. On March 23, 2012, the State moved in the Court of Appeals for leave to appeal. That motion is pending.
In New York Insurance Association, Inc. v. State (Sup. Ct., Albany Co.), several insurance companies and an association of insurance companies seek a declaration that certain assessments issued against the plaintiff insurance companies by the Insurance Department pursuant to Insurance Law § 332 violate the Insurance Law and the State and Federal Constitutions to the extent that the assessments include amounts for items that are not direct expenses of the Insurance Department. The State filed its answer on May 4, 2010. On June 9, 2010, the State filed a motion for summary judgment. Plaintiffs have filed a motion for permission to conduct discovery prior to responding to the States motion for summary judgment. Plaintiffs motion for permission to conduct discovery before responding to the States motion for summary judgment was granted on March 10, 2011. Since then, Plaintiffs have filed an amended complaint adding challenges to assessments issued after this action commenced and the State has withdrawn its motion for summary judgment without prejudice. The State has filed its answer to the amended complaint and is engaged in the discovery process.
In July 2011, Plaintiffs sued the State of New York and other Defendants in Akwesasne Convenience Store Association et al. v. State of New York, in Supreme Court, Erie County, seeking a declaration that the statutory voucher system impermissibly burdens Indian commerce and is preempted by federal law and further seeking to enjoin the implementation, administration or enforcement of the system. The court denied Plaintiffs request for a temporary restraining order and, in a decision dated August 18, 2011, also denied Plaintiffs subsequent motion for a preliminary injunction. Plaintiffs appealed to the Appellate Division, Fourth Department, which denied Plaintiffs motion for a preliminary injunction pending appeal on September 14, 2011. The appeal is pending. Defendants also have a motion for summary judgment pending in Supreme Court, Erie County.
State Retirement Systems
The State and Local Retirement Systems (Systems) provide coverage for public employees of the State and its localities (except employees of the City and teachers, who are covered by separate plans). The State Constitution considers membership in any State pension or retirement system to be a contractual relationship, the benefits of which shall not be diminished or impaired. The present value of anticipated benefits for current members, retirees, and beneficiaries increased from $ 186.8 billion on April 1, 2010 to 194.3 billion (including $ 80.8 billion for current retirees and beneficiaries) on April 1, 2011 , and the net assets available for benefits as of March 31, 2011 were $ 149.5 billion (including $ 3.4 billion in receivables ), an increase of $15.3 billion or 11.4 percent from the fiscal year 2009-10 level of $134.2 billion. Under the funding method used
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by the Systems, the anticipated benefits of current members, retirees and beneficiaries are expected to be sufficiently covered by the net assets, plus future actuarially determined contributions. The investment losses experienced in fiscal year 2009 have negatively impacted the value of assets held for the Systems. The effect of the loss is spread over a 5-year period by the current actuarial smoothing method. Consequently, employee contribution rates have increased for fiscal years 2010-11, 2011-12 and 2012-13, and further increases are anticipated for fiscal years 2013-14 and 2014-15. The amount of such future increases will partly depend on the pension funds value as of each April 1, and also on the present value of the expected benefits to be paid by the pension fund as of each April 1. In addition, the assumed rate of return used by the Systems Actuary, which is one of the factors used to calculate contribution requirements, decreased from 8 percent to 7.5 percent starting in fiscal year 2011-12. Final contribution rates for fiscal year 2012-13 were released in early September 2011 . The average Employees Retirement System rate increased from 16.3 percent of salary in fiscal year 2011-12 to 18.9 percent of salary in fiscal year 2012-13 , while the average Police and Fire Retirement System rate increased from 21.6 percent of salary in fiscal year 2011-12 to 25.8 percent of salary in fiscal year 2012-13.
Contributions to the Systems are also provided by employers. In fiscal year 2011-12, the State paid $1.5 billion in contributions (including Judiciary) including amortization payments of approximately $87.0 million for a portion of the amounts amortized in 2005 and 2006. The estimated State payment (including Judiciary) due March 1, 2013 is $2.2 billion. The State (including Judiciary) has the option to amortize up to $781.9 million which would reduce the required payment to $1.4 billion. The State payment for fiscal year 2011-13 is an estimate. If this amount changes, then the amount that can be amortized would also change.
Authorities
Generally, the fiscal stability of the State is partially dependent upon the fiscal stability of its public authorities (Authorities), including those which finance, construct and/or operate revenue-producing public facilities. These Authorities generally pay their own operating expenses and debt service costs from revenues generated by the projects they finance or operate, such as tolls charged for the use of highways, bridges or tunnels, charges for public power, electric and gas utility services, tuition and fees, rentals charged for housing units, and charges for occupancy at medical care facilities. In addition, State legislation also authorizes several financing structures, which may be utilized for the financings.
Furthermore, there are statutory arrangements that, under certain circumstances, authorize State local assistance payments otherwise payable to localities to be made instead to certain Authorities in order to secure the payment of debt service on their revenue bonds and notes. However, the State has no constitutional or statutory obligation to provide assistance to localities beyond amounts that have been appropriated therefore in any given year. Some public Authorities also receive moneys from State appropriations to pay for the operating costs of certain programs.
Authorities are not subject to the constitutional restrictions on the incurrence of debt that apply to the State itself and may issue bonds and notes within the amounts and restrictions set forth in legislative authorization. Not surprisingly, the States access to the public credit markets could be impaired and the market price of its outstanding debt may be materially and adversely affected if certain of its Authorities were to default on their respective obligations. As of December 31, 2011 , there were 17 Authorities with outstanding debt of $100 million or more, and the aggregate outstanding debt, including refunding bonds, was approximately $163 billion, only a portion of which constitutes State-supported or State-related debt.
Metropolitan Transportation Authority
In December 2011, the MTA adopted the 2012 Final Proposed Budget and Four-Year Financial Plan 2012¬2015 (the MTA Plan) for itself and its affiliates and subsidiaries, which operate various rail, subway and bus services in the City and the surrounding area. Despite an improved outlook, the MTAs financial resources and situation remain stressed in the face of the regional economys continued weakness and the potential for a double dip recession. If there is a double dip recession, the MTA has limited financial reserves to offset lower-than-expected operating revenues and dedicated taxes. In addition, the MTA Plan assumes that State budget actions will provide full remittance to MTA of all resources collected on the MTAs behalf and that fare and toll increases will be implemented as planned. Other risks to the MTA Plan include labor settlements falling short of the planned three year net zero wage growth and underfunding of the planned 2010-2014 Capital Program. The MTA Plan reflects the MTAs response of seeking greater operational efficiency and additional cost saving initiatives. In February 2012, the MTA published the February Financial Plan (February Plan). The February Plan does not include any new budget proposals. Rather, it makes certain technical adjustments to the MTA Plans budgets and forecasts and establishes a 12-month allocation of the MTA Plan. The February Plans adjustments have lead to minor changes in the projected MTA closing balances for 2011 2015. The February Plan projects ending cash balances of $192 million in
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2011, $1 million in 2012 and $80 million in 2013 . Deficits of $137 million and $204 million are projected for 2014 and 2015 , respectively.
The official financial disclosure of the MTA and its subsidiaries is available by contacting the Metropolitan Transportation Authority, Finance Department, 347 Madison Avenue, 6th Floor, New York, New York 10017, or by visiting the MTA website at www.mta.info.
New York City
The fiscal demands on the State may be affected by the fiscal condition of the City, which relies in part on State aid to balance its budget and meet its cash requirements. For its normal operations, the City depends on State aid both to enable the City to balance its budget and to meet its cash requirements. It is also possible that the States finances may be affected by the ability of the City, and certain entities issuing debt for the benefit of the City, to market securities successfully in the public credit markets. There can be no assurance that there will not be reductions in State aid to the City from amounts currently projected; that State budgets in any given fiscal year will be adopted by the April 1 statutory deadline; that interim appropriations will be enacted; or that any such reductions or delays will not have adverse effects on the Citys cash flow or expenditures.
The discussion that follows regarding the status of the City economy is based on information published by the City Office of Management and Budget (OMB) no later than July 2, 2012. All predictions and past performance information regarding the City economy contained in this section were made by OMB on or prior to that date even though they may be stated in the present tense and may no longer be accurate.
The slow pace of the national recovery has affected the City economy too. In the second half of 2011, Wall Street experienced volatility due to the Eurozone debt crisis and experienced a loss of nearly $2 billion in the fourth quarter of 2011. In the first quarter of 2012, Wall Street experienced a recovery due to a brief hiatus in the Eurozone debt crisis and produced a pre-tax profit of over $7 billion. Nonetheless, those gains were 22 percent below the first quarter 2011 profits of $9.3 billion. Furthermore, in May of 2012 the Dow and S&P 500 indices both fell over 6 percent due to the renewed concerns over the Eurozone debt turmoil, and they rose less than 4 percent in June. Moreover, OMB believes that the performance of the financial markets for the remainder of the year is uncertain due in part to the domestic policy decisions regarding the federal budget at the end of the year and the upcoming national elections in addition to the European turmoil.
The City labor market lost 140,000 from September 2008 through August 2009. After hitting a low in August 2009, the City has added an average of 6,500 private sector jobs per month and has surpassed the pre-recession peak employment level by about 75,000 jobs. Between February and May 2012, there was even greater job growth with the City adding 12,000 private sector jobs per month. Nonetheless, despite the strong job growth, the unemployment rate in the City has risen to 9.7 percent from 8.7 percent a year earlier. It is unclear why the unemployment rate has remained so high. The professional and business, leisure and hospitality and retail trade sectors have demonstrated strong growth in employment during the recovery. On the other hand, the financial services sector remains 5 percent below its peak prior to the recession and the securities subsector is 9 percent below its peak. In addition, construction industry employment has performed poorly. Through May 2012, construction employment had contracted 20 percent from its peak and lost 5,000 jobs during the twelve 12 between June 2011 and May 2012 including 3,600 job losses in May 2012.
2011 was a banner year for office leasing in the City. Through May 2012, vacancy rates continued to fall and asking rents rose a modest 2 percent since December 2011. However, through May 2012, leasing activity is down 34 percent compared to last year and, consequently, vacancy rates are hovering just above 10 percent. In addition, there is evidence that commercial renters may be using their space more efficiently than in the past and, consequently requiring less office space. The lack of leasing in 2012 most likely means that rental rate increases will continue to be moderate for some time to come.
The residential real estate market had a sluggish but stable year in 2011. Total sales levels in 2011 were slightly higher than 2009, despite falling eight percent over 2010 when sales activity was boosted by the federal homebuyer tax credit. Despite the stability in transaction activity, home prices as measured by the S&P/Case-Shiller (C-S) Index continued to drift downward. In February 2012, home prices reached a new low for the current cycle and were down 26 percent from the peak reached in June 2006. OMB predicts that residential real estate prices will continue to decline in 2012 and 2013, and recover slowly thereafter. Residential sales are expected to increase 3 percent in 2012, and gain momentum thereafter.
Tourism continues to be a vibrant and dynamic contributor to the Citys economy. Despite adding 3,000 hotel rooms to the Citys inventory in 2011, hotel room rates rose over 5 percent and occupancy rates were near capacity at 85 percent in 2011. Although the City added another 800 hotel rooms to its inventory in the first quarter of 2012, room rates were 7 percent higher than the prior year and occupancy rates reached 88 percent. The increase in tourism has lifted attendance and profits at major
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City tourist venues. Broadway attendance and gross receipts were up by nearly 4 percent and 13 percent respectively during the first part of 2012. However, there are risks to the Citys tourism industry. If Europes sovereign debt crisis worsens, it could lead to a slowdown in the tourism sector since almost half of the Citys international tourists come from European Union countries. In addition, continued turmoil in Europe could lead to a further strengthening of the dollar which may discourage travel to the City from other international locations. Furthermore, uncertainty over the federal budget crisis and a continued slow U.S. economic recovery may make travel to the City less attractive for domestic travelers.
All the risks to the national and State economies apply to the City economy. OMB has identified high energy prices, the Eurozone debt crisis, and the looming federal fiscal crisis at the end of the year as possibly negatively affecting the City economy in a wide range of industries. Moreover, assumptions for continued profitability on Wall Street are based on continued stability and the Federal Reserves ability to properly manage monetary policy.
The official financial disclosure of the City and the financing entities issuing debt on its behalf is available by contacting Raymond J. Orlando, Director of Investor Relations, (212) 788-5875 or contacting the City Office of Management and Budget, 75 Park Place, 6th Floor, New York, NY 10007.
New York City Financial Plan
On May 3, 2012 , the Mayors office released the Executive Budget and Four Year Financial Plan for Fiscal Years 2013-16 (the Executive Budget). In late June 2012 the City Council adopted the Executive Budget with certain modifications ( City Plan). The City Plans projected revenues and expenditures for the 2013 fiscal year are balanced, in accordance with GAAP. However, the City Plan projects gaps of $ 2.5 billion, $ 3 .1 billion and $ 3.1 billion for fiscal years 2014, 2015 and 2016 , respectively. The City Plan estimates that total revenues for 2013 will be $ 68.5 billion and the City Plan estimates that total revenues for each of the gap out years will be approximately $ 69.7 billion in 2014, $72.1 billion in 2015 and $74.1 billion in 2016. The City Plans projections for total expenditures for 2013 is $68.5 billion and for each of the gap out-years is approximately $72.2 billion in 2014, $75.2 billion in 2015 and $77.1 billion in 2016.
The staffs of the New York State Financial Control Board (FCB), Office of the State Deputy Comptroller for the City of New York (OSDC), the City Comptroller and the Independent Budget Office (IBO) issue periodic reports on the Citys financial plans. Copies of the most recent reports are available by contacting: FCB, 123 William Street, 23rd Floor, New York, NY 10038, Attention: Executive Director; OSDC, 59 Maiden Lane, 29th Floor, New York, NY 10038, Attention: Deputy Comptroller; City Comptroller, Municipal Building, 6th Floor, One Centre Street, New York, NY 10007-2341, Attention: Deputy Comptroller for Budget; and IBO, 110 William Street, 14th Floor, New York, NY 10038, Attention: Director.
New York City Financing Program
Successful execution of the City Plan depends upon the Citys ability to market its securities successfully. According to the Executive budget, the Citys program for financing capital projects for fiscal years 2012 through 2016 projects $ 32.3 billion of long-term borrowing to support the Citys current capital program. This does not include State funded financing for education capital purposes through New York City Transitional Finance Authority (TFA) Building Aid Revenue Bonds (BARBS). The financing of the Citys capital program is divided among General Obligation (GO) bonds, TFA bonds (other than BARBS) and New York City Municipal Water Finance Authority (NYW) bonds. During fiscal years 2012 through 2016, the City will issue $11.6 billion in bonds and the TFA will issue $13.2 billion in bonds. The Citys issuance supports 36 percent, and the TFAs issuance supports 41 percent, of the total financing program. NYWs annual bonding amount (excluding refundings) will average about $1.5 billion. The aggregate NYW financing during fiscal years 2012 through 2016 will account for about 23 percent of the total financing program. In addition, TFA expects to issue $5.0 billion in BARBS in fiscal years 2012 through 2016 to fund capital costs for the Department of Education.
Presently, the debt service for the City, TFA (excluding BARBs) and City appropriation debt or conduit debt, not including the effect of pre-payments, is 8.3 percent of the Citys total budgeted revenues in 2012 . That ratio is expected to increase to 10. 1 percent in 2016 . As a percentage of tax revenues, the debt service ratio is 13.4 percent in 2012 and is anticipated to grow to 15. 2 percent in 2016.
For fiscal year 2012, the Citys total debt outstanding issued through GO bonds, TFA bonds, TSASC bonds and Conduit Debt other than TFA BARBS is expected to be approximately $ 66.5 billion. Another $28.2 billion in NYW bonds are expected to be outstanding for fiscal year 2012. For fiscal year 2013, the Citys total debt outstanding issued through GO bonds, TFA bonds,
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TSASC bonds and Conduit Debt other than BARBS is expected to be approximately $68.6 billion. Another $29.6 billion in NYW bonds are expected to be outstanding for fiscal year 2013.
The City Plan is predicated on numerous assumptions, including the condition of the Citys and the regions economies and the associated receipt of economically sensitive tax revenues in the projected amounts. The City Plan is also subject to a variety of other factors.
In addition to borrowings related to capital projects, the City issues both revenue and tax anticipation notes to finance its seasonal working capital requirements. The success of projected public sales of City, NYW, TFA, TSASC and other bonds and notes will be subject to prevailing market conditions. The Citys planned capital and operating expenditures are dependent upon the sale of its GO debt, as well as debt of the NYW, TFA, Dormitory Authority of the State of New York and TSASC.
The Citys outstanding GO bonds were rated AA with a stable outlook by S&P as of May 18, 2012 , AA with a stable outlook by Fitch as of June 6, 2012, and Aa2 with a stable outlook by Moodys as of July 2, 2012. Ratings reflect only the respective views of such organizations, and an explanation of the significance of such ratings may be obtained from the rating agency that furnished the rating. There is no assurance that a particular rating will continue for any given period of time or that any such rating will not be revised downward or withdrawn entirely, if in the judgment of the agency originally establishing the rating, circumstances so warrant. Any such downward revision or withdrawal could have an adverse effect on the market prices of the Citys GO bonds.
Other Localities
Historically, the State has provided unrestricted financial assistance to cities, counties, towns and villages outside of the City. Certain localities outside the City have experienced financial problems and have, consequently, requested and received additional State assistance during the last several State fiscal years. In addition, in certain circumstances the State has enacted legislation to create oversight boards to address poor fiscal conditions within a locality. Not included in the projections of the States receipts and disbursements for the States 2012-13 fiscal year or thereafter is the potential impact of any future requests by localities for additional financial assistance or oversight.
Local governments must respond to changing political, economic and financial influences over which they have little or no control. These changes may negatively affect the financial condition of certain local governments. For example, the State or federal government may end or cut its funding of various local programs or deny certain claims in which case local governments would need to use their own resources to fund such expenditures. Specifically, the anticipated loss of temporary federal stimulus funding will adversely impact counties and school districts in New York State. The States cash flow issues have resulted in delays to the payment of State aid, and in some cases, have required localities to find other sources from which to borrow. Also, legislation is currently being considered that would cap property tax receipts of local governments. Such a cap would reduce property tax revenue available to local governments. Changes to sales tax distributions resulting from the 2010 federal population census could also have a material impact on various local governments. At the end of the day, localities and local public authorities may experience significant financial difficulties that could put local access to the public credit markets at risk, which could adversely affect the marketability of notes and bonds issued by localities within the State. Localities may also face unexpected problems as a result of certain pending litigation, judicial decisions and long-range economic trends. Other large-scale potential problems may also negatively affect localities and require requests for State assistance. These include declining urban populations, declines in the real property tax base, increasing pension, health care and other fixed costs, and the loss of skilled manufacturing jobs.
Counties, cities, towns, villages, school districts and fire districts have engaged in substantial short-term and long-term borrowings. For the 2010 fiscal year, the total indebtedness for all localities in the State other than the City was approximately $ 43.3 billion. This figure is inclusive of bonds issued by the localities and certain debt guaranteed by the localities but excludes capital lease obligations, assets held in sinking funds, various amounts available for redemption of debt at the start of a fiscal year and debt of certain localities that did not file financial reports with the Comptroller .
PENNSYLVANIA
The General Fund, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvanias (referred to herein as the Commonwealth, the state or Pennsylvania) largest operating fund, receives all tax revenues, non-tax revenues, and federal grants and entitlements that are not specified by law to be deposited elsewhere. The majority of the Commonwealths operating and administrative expenses are payable from the General Fund. Debt service on all bond indebtedness of the Commonwealth, except that issued for highway
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purposes or for the benefit of other special revenue funds, is payable from the General Fund. The General Fund closed fiscal year 2011 with a balance of $ 1,621 million.
While unemployment rates remained at elevated levels within Pennsylvania, the Commonwealths revenues and receipts benefited from the moderate uptick in the national economy experienced during a portion of fiscal year 2011 . General Fund revenues decreased $150.9 million or 0.5% during fiscal year 2011 when measured on a year-over-year basis as compared to fiscal year 2010. However, this decline is due primarily to the use of the Budget Stabilization Reserve Fund and other such one-time balance transfers utilized during the 2010 fiscal year. General Fund revenues were above the certified estimate by $785.5 million or 2.9% during fiscal year 2011. The enacted fiscal year 2012 budget provides appropriations and executive authorizations, net of lapses and other reductions, and including public health and human services expenditures, totaling $ 27,427.9 million of Commonwealth funds against estimated revenues, net of tax refunds and including public health and human services assessments, of $26, 433.4 million. The $ 994.5 million negative difference between estimated revenues and budgeted appropriations is to be mitigated by a partial draw down of the $1,072.8 million ending balance from fiscal year 2011 . The fiscal year 2012 ending unappropriated balance is estimated to be $ 93.1 million.
The Commonwealth is permitted by its Constitution to incur the following types of debt: (i) debt to suppress insurrection or rehabilitate areas affected by disaster; (ii) electorate approved debt; (iii) debt for capital projects subject to an aggregate debt limit of 1.75 times the annual average tax revenues of the preceding five fiscal years; and (iv) tax anticipation notes payable in the fiscal year of issuance. All debt except tax anticipation notes must be amortized in substantial and regular amounts.
Debt service on Commonwealth general obligation debt is paid from appropriations out of the General Fund except for debt issued for highway purposes, which is paid from Motor License Fund appropriations. Net outstanding general obligation debt for non-highway purposes totaled $9,324 .7 million on June 30, 2011 , a net decrease of $ 125.6 million from June 30, 2010 . Over the ten-year period ended June 30, 2010, total net outstanding general obligation debt for non-highway purposes increased at an annual rate of 6.3%. Over the five-year period ending June 30, 2010 , outstanding general obligation debt for non-highway purposes has increased at an annual rate of 5.5 %.
Certain state-created organizations have statutory authorization to incur debt for which state appropriations to pay debt service thereon are not required. The debt of these organizations is funded by assets of or revenues derived from the various projects financed; it is not an obligation of the state. Some of these organizations , however, are indirectly dependent on state appropriations. State-related agencies and their outstanding debt as of December 31, 2011 include the Delaware River Joint Toll Bridge Commission ($ 414.3 million), the Delaware River Port Authority ($ 1326.6 million), the Pennsylvania Economic Development Financing Authority ($ 3,245.6 million ), the Pennsylvania Higher Education Assistance Agency ($ 6,962.5 million), the Pennsylvania Higher Education Facilities Authority ($6, 649.8 million), the Pennsylvania Industrial Development Authority ($ 318.7 million), the Pennsylvania Infrastructure Investment Authority ($ 7.5 million), the Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission ($ 7,658 .8 million) and the State Public School Building Authority ($ 3,112.4 million).
The only obligations of state-created agencies in Pennsylvania which bear a moral obligation of the state are those issued by the Pennsylvania Housing Finance Agency, a state-created agency which provides financing for housing for lower and moderate income families in the Commonwealth, which had $4, 331.8 million in bonds outstanding at December 31, 2011 .
The Commonwealth Financing Authority (CFA ) was established in April 2004 with the enactment of legislation establishing the CFA as an independent authority and an instrumentality of the Commonwealth. The CFA is authorized to issue limited obligation revenue bonds and other types of limited obligation revenue financing for the purposes of promoting the health, safety, employment, business opportunities, economic activity and general welfare of the Commonwealth and its citizens through loans, grants, guarantees, leases, lines and letters of credit and other financing arrangements to benefit both for-profit and non-profit entities. The CFAs bonds and financing are to be secured by revenues and accounts of the CFA, including funds appropriated to CFA from general revenues of the Commonwealth for repayment of CFA obligations. The obligations of the CFA do not constitute a debt or liability of the Commonwealth.
Since November 2005, the CFA has completed multiple bond issues to fund programs established by its original economic stimulus mission of 2004. As of June 30, 2011 , the CFA had 1,420.2 million in outstanding bond debt. The Commonwealths fiscal year 2012 enacted budget appropriates $ 82.019 million in state funds to the CFA for payment of all or a portion of CFA debt service during fiscal year 2012 . Further, a portion of the existing interest earnings of the CFA, totaling approximately $ 3. 5 million, will be available to support CFA debt service payments. The fiscal year 2013 budget appropriates $85.519 million in state funds to support the CFA for payments of CFA debt service. Additional appropriations from the Commonwealths General Fund for future debt service beyond those mentioned are expected to be requested each year by
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the Department of Community and Economic Development for inclusion in future Executive Budget requests to the General Assembly.
As part of the enactment process for the fiscal year 2009 budget, the General Assembly enacted and on July 9, 2008, the Governor signed into law Act 63 of 2008 (Act 63) and Act 1 of Special Session 1 of 2008 (Act 1). Combined, these two acts provide the CFA with additional bond indebtedness authority of up to $1,300 million. Act 63 provides the CFA with authority to issue up to $800 million in limited obligation revenue bonds in order to fund water or sewer projects, storm water projects, flood control projects and high hazard unsafe dam projects. Act 63 also provides for the use of Pennsylvania Gaming and Economic Development and Tourism Fund revenues to support debt service costs associated with the $800 million in additional CFA debt authority. Act 1 provides the CFA with authority to issue up to $500 million in limited obligation revenue bonds to fund the development of alternative sources of energy. It is projected that portions of the increased CFA debt issuance authority will be utilized over the next two to four fiscal years. As of August 31, 2010, the CFA had issued $ 142 .0 million in limited obligation revenue bonds authorized by Act 1. Further, the CFA has issued $550.0 million in limited obligation revenue bonds authorized by Act 63 .
Pennsylvania is currently involved in certain litigation where adverse decisions could have an adverse impact on its ability to pay debt service. In 1978, the General Assembly approved a limited waiver of sovereign immunity. Damages for any loss are limited to $250,000 for each person and $1,000,000 for each accident. The Supreme Court of Pennsylvania has held that this limitation is constitutional. This cap would not apply to tax appeals such as Northbrook (now Allstate ) as detailed below. Approximately 3,150 suits against the Commonwealth remain open. Tort claim payments for the departments and agencies, other than the Department of Transportation, are paid from departmental and agency operating and program appropriations. Tort claim payments for the Department of Transportation are paid from an appropriation from the Motor License Fund. The Motor License Fund tort claim appropriation for fiscal year 2011 is $20 million.
The Commonwealth also represents and indemnifies employees who have been sued under federal civil rights statutes for actions taken in good faith in carrying out their employment responsibilities. There are no caps on damages in civil rights actions. The Commonwealths self-insurance program covers damages in these cases up to $250,000 per incident. Damages in excess of $250,000 are paid from departmental and agency operating and program appropriations.
Northbrook Life Insurance Co. v. Commonwealth is the lead case in potential litigation with the entire insurance industry that does business in Pennsylvania, in which the Pennsylvania Department of Revenues application of portions of the Life and Health Guarantee Association Act of 1982 is being challenged. This case was argued before the Commonwealth Court en banc on December 14, 2005. On January 26, 2006, the en banc Court issued a conflicted decision in which the majority ruled for both parties. Both parties filed exceptions. The Court denied all exceptions and upheld its earlier decision. Northbrook filed an appeal to the Pennsylvania Supreme Court. The Supreme Court ruled in Northbrooks favor but only on a technicality and did not address the substantive findings of the Commonwealth Court. The Supreme Courts decision resulted in an approximately $7,000 credit for Northbrook. Counsel have now selected the Allstate case to re-litigate the issues involved. On March 25, 2010, a 3-2 majority of the Court ruled that Allstate was entitled to claim a credit for all annuity assessments paid to the Guaranty Fund. The Commonwealth Court has overruled the Commonwealths objections to this decision. The Commonwealth filed an appeal to the Pennsylvania Supreme Court; the Court heard oral argument on November 29, 2011, and a decision is pending. Currently, more than 40 cases representing 20 or more insurance companies are docketed with the Commonwealth Court. Dozens of additional cases are being held pending this litigation at the administrative boards. Potential tax refund exposure to the Commonwealth equals up to $150 million .
County of Allegheny v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania involves litigation regarding the state constitutionality of the statutory scheme for county funding of the judicial system. The Supreme Court of Pennsylvania held that such a statutory scheme is in conflict with the Pennsylvania Constitution, but stayed its judgment to afford the General Assembly an opportunity to enact appropriate funding legislation consistent with its opinion and ordered that the prior system of county funding shall remain in place until this is done. The Court appointed retired Justice Frank J. Montemuro, Jr. as special master to devise and submit a plan for implementation. Justice Montemuro recommended a four-phase transition to state funding of a unified judicial system. The recommendation remains pending before the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. In 2008, the counties moved the Court to enforce the original order in the case. The Court has held argument on the motion on December 9, 2009, and a decision is pending.
The HCPRA/MCARE Cases are two groups of cases (one group collectively termed the HCPRA Case and the other the MCARE Case) in which on April 15, 2010, the Commonwealth Court issued two separate decisions granting summary relief in favor of the petitioners. The Medical Care Availability and Reduction of Error (MCARE) Fund is a special fund established within the Treasury that pays claims against health providers resulting from medical professional liability actions that exceed their basic
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insurance coverage. All health care providers in Pennsylvania are required to pay annual assessments to the MCARE Fund. The Health Care Provider Retention (HCPR) Account was a special account within the General Fund that was subject to annual appropriations by the General Assembly. The Commonwealth Court held in the HCPRA Case that the Commonwealth had a duty to transfer funds from the HCPR Account to the MCARE Fund equal to the aggregate amount of abatements granted between 2003 and 2007. The amount of additional transfers to the MCARE Fund that would be required under this ruling is between $446 and $616 million. The Commonwealth Court also held in the MCARE Case that the transfer of $100 million from the MCARE Fund to the General Fund was unlawful. The Commonwealth has appealed these decisions to the Pennsylvania Supreme Court, resulting in an automatic stay of the relief pending resolution of the Commonwealths appeal, subject to further court order. Oral argument was held in both appeals in September 2011. On February 29, 2012, the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania unanimously reversed the Commonwealth Court in the HCPRA Case. However, the Supreme Court has not yet decided the MCARE Case.
Harlee Manor, Inc., et al. v. Dept. of Public Welfare, et al. is a case pending before the Commonwealth Court that challenges an assessment imposed on nursing homes to generate revenue for the Medicaid budget. The parties are currently in negotiations with each other and the federal government to resolve the issue. If the Court strikes down the assessment, analysts estimate that the Commonwealth would lose $331 million in state funds and a like amount in federal matching funds.
CG, et al. v. PDE, et al. is a certified class action commenced in 2006. The plaintiffs contend that the Pennsylvania statute that apportions special education funding violates certain federal laws. Some claims have been dismissed on summary judgment, but the remaining claims arise under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) and the Equal Educational Opportunities Act of 1974 (EEOA). A bench trial on these claims was held in September 2011. The parties have submitted proposed findings of fact and conclusions of law, and a decision by Chief Judge Kane is pending.
An adverse ruling on the funding formula and a requirement that special education funds be distributed using a different formula likely would have an impact on the amounts budgeted for this purpose. The most likely area where a court-ordered remedy might require additional state funding is for those students that are both special needs students and Limited English Proficiency (LEP), of which there are approximately 4,500 Commonwealth-wide. In the worst case, the court might require the Commonwealth to develop a subsidy that would be directed to this class of students and spent on only those students. If a supplement of $5,000 were ultimately required for each student, the resulting expenditure would exceed $22 million. However, it is possible that a court-ordered remedy would focus only on the four school districts that have both high percentages of special needs students and high percentages of LEP students and direct additional funding to those districts only. Under such a district-based scenario, a lesser amount of new funding might be required.
Sears, et al. v. Corbett, et al. and Weisblatt, et al. v. Corbett, et al. are a pair of class action suits seeking to force the legislature to restore appropriations from the Pennsylvania Tobacco Settlement Fund (the Fund) to the Pennsylvania adultBasic Insurance Coverage program (adultBasic). The petitioners contend that, in redirecting money from the Fund through certain 2010 and 2011 amendments to the Fiscal Code, the legislature violated the Pennsylvania Tobacco Settlement Act, which established the Fund.
After discontinuation of the adultBasic program, the petitioners filed a request for preliminary injunctive relief with the Commonwealth Court, requesting the court to enjoin the State Treasurer from approving the transfers of funds as directed by the Fiscal Code amendments. The court denied the request. Thereafter, the petitioners in both cases amended their petitions, adding constitutional challenges associated with the 2011 amendments to the Fiscal Code. The Commonwealth has filed preliminary objections to the amended petitions for review in both actions. Those preliminary objections were heard by an en banc panel of the Court in December 2011. An adverse ruling could require the Governor and the General Assembly to take steps to revise the 20112012 budget based upon the redistribution of monies and could affect numerous programs.
Chester Upland School District, et al. v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, et al. , Chester Community Charter School v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, et al. and R.S.B., et al. v. Pa. Dept of Education, et al. are a group of cases commenced in December 2011 in federal and state courts in which the plaintiffs, petitioners or intervenors seek, inter alia , a judicial order requiring the Commonwealth to pay millions of dollars to the Chester Upland School District and/or the Chester Community Charter School. Because the various claims and cross-claims in the litigation range from specific dollars affecting these particular parties for a single fiscal year to more general claims that could affect all school districts and charter schools across the Commonwealth., it is difficult to predict the potential fiscal exposure to the Commonwealth in this litigation if the broadest claims made by the plaintiffs, petitioners and intervenors in the various cases were to result in unfavorable outcomes for the Commonwealth.
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The specific litigation matters described above are provided as an example only and do not compromise a complete listing of material ongoing or pending litigation involving the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, its agencies, subdivisions and instrumentalities.
U.S. TERRITORY MUNICIPAL OBLIGATIONS
PUERTO RICO, THE U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS AND GUAM
Puerto Rico. Puerto Rico has a diversified economy dominated by the manufacturing and service sectors. The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico differs from the states in its relationship with the federal government. Most federal taxes, except those such as social security taxes that are imposed by mutual consent, are not levied in Puerto Rico.
During the mid and late 1990s the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico benefited from a robust U.S. economy, more aggressive tax collections and low oil prices. This created an expanded employment base, job growth, reduction in unemployment, increase in tourism spending, real GDP growth in the 3.1% to 3.5% range and significant increases in general fund cash balances from fiscal year end 1997 to fiscal year end 1999. These factors, combined with minimal negative impact from the 1996 federal legislation phasing out Section 936 tax benefits to Puerto Rico subsidiaries of U.S. Corporations, created a positive outlook for the credit in the late 1990s.
In early 2000, the outlook on the credit turned negative due to the slowdown in the U.S. economy (88% of Puerto Ricos exports go to the U.S.), uncertainty regarding increasing oil prices, failure of the government to reign in health care costs, expense overruns in education and a decreasing rate of employment growth. As a result, the general fund recorded operating deficits during fiscal years 2000- 2011 while general obligation (GO) debt increased. During that timeframe, S&P downgraded the GO credit from A- to BBB- and Moodys downgraded from Baa1 to Baa3. In April 2010, Moodys changed the GO rating to A3 as part of its recalibration of municipal ratings to global scale ratings and subsequently downgraded it to Baa in August 2011. S&P upgraded the GO rating to BBB in March 2011 as they felt same progress toward structured balance had been made. However, economic indicators remain weak. The island of Puerto Rico has been in an economic recession for over four years, with its condition exacerbated by the mainland recession. They are counting on $5.5B in federal stimulus dollars and the new governors fiscal and economic reconstruction plans to begin to pave the way to financial stability in FY 2013 .
The U.S. Virgin Islands. The United States Virgin Islands (USVI) is heavily reliant on the tourism industry, with roughly 43% of non-agricultural employment in tourist-related trade and services. The tourism industry is economically sensitive and is adversely affected by economic downturn in the United States and Europe. An important component of the USVI revenue base is the federal excise tax on rum exports. Tax revenues rebated by the federal government to the USVI provide the primary security of many outstanding USVI bonds. Since more than 90% of the rum distilled in the USVI is distilled at one plant, any interruption in its operations (as occurred after Hurricane Hugo in 1989) would adversely affect these revenues. However, another plant is currently up and running although exports will not commence until January 2012. The last major hurricane to impact the USVI was Hurricane Marilyn on September 15, 1995. Despite the new addition of the second plant , there can be no assurance that rum exports to the United States and the rebate of tax revenues to the USVI will continue at their present levels. Moodys assigned a Baa3 rating to the territory and S&P a BBB- in September 2006. On April 19th 2010, Moodys changed the GO rating to Baa1 as part of its recalibration of municipal ratings to global scale ratings.
Guam. Guam is a United States territory located 3,700 miles west of Hawaii and 1,500 miles southeast of Japan and its economy is based primarily on Japanese and Korean tourism and the United States military due to its strategic position as the westernmost territory/state in the United States. The territory boasts a population of 181 ,000.
After almost a decade of persistent operating deficits, Guam reported operating surpluses in fiscal years 2007 and 2008 although deficits returned in 2009 and 2010. Operating deficits were caused by a number of issues including terrorist attacks, natural disasters, Asian recessions, the SARS epidemic, retiree settlement liabilities and past administrations and legislatures that were unwilling to control expenses. All of these negative events jeopardize the territorys single B+ rating from S&P. Guam appears to be surviving the current downturn from a jobs perspective with employment growth from 2005 through 2010 . Partially offsetting jobs growth is tourism which was down 7% in 2008 and 9% in 2009. Guam is not rated by Moodys or Fitch.
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APPENDIX F
RATINGS
The ratings indicated herein are believed to be the most recent ratings available at the date of this SAI for the securities listed. Ratings are generally given to securities at the time of issuance. While the rating agencies may from time to time revise such ratings, they undertake no obligation to do so, and the ratings indicated do not necessarily represent ratings which would be given to these securities on a particular date.
MOODYS INVESTORS SERVICE, INC. (Moodys)
LONG-TERM CORPORATE OBLIGATIONS RATINGS
Moodys long-term obligation ratings are opinions of the relative credit risk of fixed-income obligations with an original maturity of one year or more. They address the possibility that a financial obligation will not be honored as promised. Such ratings use Moodys Global Scale and reflect both the likelihood of default and any financial loss suffered in the event of default.
Aaa: Obligations rated Aaa are judged to be of the highest quality, with minimal credit risk.
Aa: Obligations rated Aa are judged to be of high quality and are subject to very low risk.
A: Obligations rated A are considered upper-medium grade and are subject to low credit risk.
Baa: Obligations rated Baa are subject to moderate credit risk. They are considered medium grade and as such may possess certain speculative characteristics.
Ba: Obligations rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements and are subject to substantial credit risk.
B: Obligations rated B are considered speculative and are subject to high credit risk.
Caa: Obligations rated Caa are judged to be of poor standing and are subject to very high credit risk.
Ca: Obligations rated Ca are highly speculative and are likely in, or very near, default, with some prospect of recovery of principal and interest.
C: Obligations rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds and are typically in default, with little prospect for recovery of principal or interest.
Note: Moodys appends numerical modifiers, 1, 2, and 3 to each generic rating classification from Aa through Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the obligation ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category.
SHORT-TERM CORPORATE OBLIGATION RATINGS
Moodys short term ratings are opinions of the ability of issuers to honor short-term financial obligations. Ratings may be assigned to issuers, short-term programs or to individual short-term debt instruments. Such obligations generally have an original maturity not exceeding thirteen months, unless explicitly noted.
P-1: Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-1 have a superior ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-2: Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-2 have a strong ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-3: Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-3 have an acceptable ability to repay short-term obligations.
NP: Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime ratings categories.
ISSUER RATINGS
Issuer Ratings are opinions of the ability of entities to honor senior unsecured financial obligations and contracts. Moodys expresses Issuer Ratings on its general long-term and short-term scales.
US MUNICIPAL RATINGS
Moodys municipal ratings are opinions of the investment quality of issuers and issues in the U.S. municipal market. As such, these ratings incorporate assessment of the default probability and loss severity of these issuers and issues. The default and loss content for Moodys municipal long-term rating scale differs from Moodys general long-term scale. Historical default and loss
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rates for obligations rated on the US Municipal Scale are significantly lower that for similarly rated corporate obligations. It is important that users of Moodys ratings understand these differences when making rating comparisons between the Municipal and Global scales.
US MUNICIPAL LONG-TERM DEBT RATINGS
Municipal Ratings are based upon the analysis of five primary factors related to municipal finance: market position, financial position, debt levels, governance, and covenants. Each of the factors is evaluated individually and for its effect on the other factors in the context of the municipalitys ability to repay its debt.
Aaa: Issuers or issues rated Aaa demonstrate the strongest creditworthiness relative to other US municipal or tax-exempt issuers or issues.
Aa: Issuers or issues rated Aa demonstrate very strong creditworthiness relative to other US municipal and tax-exempt issuers.
A: Issuers or issues rated A present above-average creditworthiness relative to other US municipal or tax-exempt issuers or issues.
Baa: Issuers or issues rated Baa represent average creditworthiness relative to other US municipal or tax-exempt issuers or issues.
Ba: Issuers or issues rated Ba demonstrate below-average creditworthiness relative to other US municipal or tax-exempt issuers or issues.
B: Issuers or issues rated B demonstrate weak creditworthiness relative to other US municipal or tax-exempt issuers or issues.
Caa: Issuers or issues rated Caa demonstrate very weak creditworthiness relative to other US municipal or tax-exempt issuers or issues.
Ca: Issuers or issues rated Ca demonstrate extremely weak creditworthiness relative to other US municipal or tax-exempt issuers or issues.
C: Issuers or issues rated Caa demonstrate the weakest creditworthiness relative to other US municipal or tax-exempt issuers or issues.
Note: Moodys appends numerical modifiers, 1, 2, and 3 to each generic rating classification from Aa through Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the obligation ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category.
US MUNICIPAL SHORT-TERM OBLIGATION RATINGS AND DEMAND OBLIGATION RATINGS
Short-Term Obligation Ratings
There are three rating categories for short-term municipal obligations that are considered investment grade. These ratings are designated as Municipal Investment Grade (MIG) and are divided into three levels--MIG 1 through MIG 3. In addition, those short-term obligations that are of speculative quality are designated SG, or speculative grade. MIG ratings expires at the maturity of the obligation.
MIG 1: This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by established cash flows, highly reliable liquidity support, or demonstrated broad-band access to the market for refinancing.
MIG 2: This designation denotes strong credit quality. Margins of protection are ample, although not as large as in the preceding group.
MIG 3: This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Liquidity and cash-flow protection may be narrow, and market access for refinancing is likely to be less well-established.
SG: This designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Debt instruments in this category may lack sufficient margins or protection.
Demand Obligation Ratings
In the case of variable rate demand obligations (VRDOs), a two-component rating is assigned; a long or short-term rating and demand obligation rating. The first element represents Moodys evaluation of the degree of risk associated with scheduled principal and interest payments. The second element represents Moodys evaluation of the degree of risk associated with the
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ability to receive purchase price upon demand (demand feature), using a variation of the MIG rating scale, the Variable Municipal Investment Grade or VMIG rating.
When either the long- or short-term aspect of a VRDO is not rated, that piece is designated NR., e.g., Aaa/NR or NR/VMIG.
VMIG rating expirations are a function of each issues specific structural or credit features.
VMIG 1: This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by the superior short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
VMIG 2: This designation denotes strong credit quality. Good protection is afforded by the strong short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
VMIG 3: This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Adequate protection is afforded by the satisfactory short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
SG: This designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Demand features rated in this category may be supported by a liquidity provider that does not have an investment grade short-term rating or may lack the structural and/or legal protections necessary to ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
STANDARD & POORS RATINGS GROUP (S&P)
ISSUE CREDIT RATINGS DEFINITIONS
Issue credit ratings can be either long or short term. Short-term ratings are generally assigned to those obligations considered short-term in the relevant market. In the U.S., for example, that means obligations with an original maturity of no more than 365 days--including commercial paper. Short-term ratings are also used to indicated the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to put-features on long-term obligations. The result is a dual rating, in which the short-term rating addresses the put feature, in addition to the usual long-term rating. Medium-term notes are assigned long-term ratings.
Issue credit ratings are based in varying degrees on the following considerations:
Likelihood of payment, capacity and willingness of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on an obligation in accordance with the terms of the obligation.
Nature of and provisions of the obligations;
Protection afforded by, and relative position of, the obligation in the event of bankruptcy, reorganization, or other arrangement under the laws of bankruptcy and other laws affecting creditors rights.
Issue ratings are an assessment of default risk, but may incorporate an assessment of relative seniority or ultimate recovery in the event of default. Junior obligations are typically rated lower than senior obligations, to reflect the lower priority in bankruptcy, as noted above. (Such differentiation may apply when an entity has both senior and subordinated obligations, secured and unsecured obligations, or operating company and holding company obligations.)
LONG-TERM ISSUE CREDIT RATINGS:
AAA: An obligation rated AAA has the highest rating assigned by S&P. The obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is extremely strong.
AA: An obligation rated AA differs from the highest-rated obligors only to a small degree. The obligors capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is very strong.
A: An obligation rated A is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However, the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is still strong.
BBB: An obligation rated BBB exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
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BB, B, CCC, CC and C
Obligations rated BB, B, CCC, CC, and C are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. BB indicates the least degree of speculation and C the highest. While such obligations will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.
BB: An obligation rated BB is less vulnerable to non-payment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligors inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
B: An obligation rated B is more vulnerable than obligations rated BB, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. Adverse business, financial or economic conditions will likely impair the obligors capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
CCC: An obligation rated CCC is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial or, economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
CC: An obligation rated CC is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment.
C: A subordinated debt or preferred stock obligation rated C is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment. The C rating may be used to cover a situation where a bankruptcy petition has been filed or similar action taken, but payments on this obligation are being continued. A C also will be assigned to a preferred stock issue in arrears on dividends or sinking fund payments, but that is currently paying.
D: A obligation rated D is in payment default. The D rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless S&P believes that such payments will be made during such grace period. The D rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action if payments on an obligation are jeopardized.
Plus (+) or Minus (-): The ratings from AA to CCC may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.
NR: This indicates that no rating has been requested, that there is insufficient information on which to base a rating, or that S&P does not rate a particular obligation as a matter of policy.
SHORT-TERM ISSUE CREDIT RATINGS
A-1: A short-term obligation rated A-1 is rated in the highest category by S&P. The obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is strong. Within this category, certain obligations are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitments on these obligation is extremely strong.
A-2: A short-term obligation rated A-2 is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rating categories. However, the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is satisfactory.
A-3: A short-term obligation rated A-3 exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
B: A short-term obligation rated B is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. Ratings of B-1, B-2, and B-3 may be assigned to indicate finer distinctions within the B category. The obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties which could lead to the obligors inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
B-1: A short-term obligation rated B-1 is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics, but the obligor has a relatively stronger capacity to meet their financial commitments over the short-term compared to other speculative-grade obligors.
B-2: A short-term obligation rated B-2 is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics, and the obligor has an average speculative-grade capacity to meet its financial commitments over the short-term compared to other speculative-grade obligors.
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B-3: A short-term obligation rated B-3 is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics, and the obligor has a relatively weaker capacity to meet its financial commitments over the short-term compared to other speculative-grade obligors.
C: A short-term obligation rated C is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
D: A short-term obligation rated D is in payment default. The D rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless S&P believes that such payments will be made during such grace period. The D rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action if payments on an obligation are jeopardized.
ISSUER CREDIT RATINGS DEFINITIONS
Issuer credit ratings are based on current information furnished by obligors or obtained by S&P from other sources it considers reliable. S&P does not perform an audit in connection with any issuer credit rating and may, on occasion, rely on unaudited financial information. Issuer credit ratings may be changed, suspended, or withdrawn as a result of changes in, or unavailability of, such information, or based on other circumstances. Issuer credit ratings can either be long or short term. Short-term issuer credit ratings reflect the obligors creditworthiness over a short-term horizon.
LONG-TERM ISSUER CREDIT RATINGS
AAA: An obligor rated AAA has extremely strong capacity to meet its financial commitments. AAA is the highest issuer credit rating assigned by S&P.
AA: An obligor rated AA has very strong capacity to meet its financial commitments. It differs from the highest-rated obligors only to a small degree.
A: An obligor rated A has strong capacity to meet its financial commitments but is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligors in higher-rated categories.
BBB: An obligor rated BBB has adequate capacity to meet its financial commitments. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitments.
BB, B, CCC and CC
Obligors rated BB, B, CCC, and CC are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. BB indicates the least degree of speculation and CC the highest. While such obligors will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.
BB: An obligor BB is less vulnerable in the near term than other lower-rated obligors. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties and exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligors inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments.
B: An obligor rated B is more vulnerable than the obligors rated BB, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligors capacity or willingness to meets its financial commitments.
CCC: An obligor rated CCC is currently vulnerable, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions to meet its financial commitments.
CC: An obligor rated CC is currently highly vulnerable.
Plus (+) or Minus (-): The ratings from AA to CCC may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.
R: An obligor rated R is under regulatory supervision owing to its financial condition. During the pendency of the regulatory supervision the regulators may have the power to favor one class of obligations over others or pay some obligations and not others. Please see S&Ps issue credit ratings for a more detailed description of the effects of regulatory supervision on specific issues or classes of obligations.
SD and D: An obligor rated SD (selective default) or D has failed to pay one or more of its obligations (rated or unrated) when it came due. A D rating is assigned when S&P believes that the default will be a general default and that the obligor will fail to pay all or substantially all of its obligations as they come due. An SD rating is assigned when S&P believes that the obligor has selectively defaulted on a specific issue or class of obligations but it will continue to meet its payment obligations on other issues
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or classes of obligations in a timely manner. Please see S&Ps issue credit ratings for a more detailed description of the effects of a default on specific issues or classes of obligations.
NR: An issuer designated NR is not rated.
SHORT-TERM ISSUER CREDIT RATINGS
A-1: An obligor rated A-1 has strong capacity to meet its financial commitments. It is rated in the highest category by S&P. Within this category, certain obligors are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitments is extremely strong.
A-2: An obligor rated A-2 has satisfactory capacity to meet its financial commitments. However, it is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligors in the highest rating category.
A-3: An obligor rated A-3 has adequate capacity to meet its financial obligations. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitments.
B: An obligor rated B is regarded as vulnerable and has significant speculative characteristics. Ratings B-1, B-2, and B-3 may be assigned to indicate finer distinctions within the B category. The obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties which could lead to the obligors inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments.
B-1: Obligors with a B-1 short-term rating have a relatively stronger capacity to meet their financial commitments over the short-term compared to other speculative-grade obligors.
B-2: Obligors with a B-2 short-term rating have an average speculative-grade capacity to meet their financial commitments over the short-term compared to other speculative-grade obligors.
B-3: Obligors with a B-3 short-term rating have a relatively weaker capacity to meet their financial commitments over the short-term compared to other speculative-grade obligors.
C: An obligor rated C is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for it to meet its financial commitments.
R: An obligor rated R is under regulatory supervision owing to its financial condition. During the pendency of the regulatory supervision the regulators may have the power to favor one class of obligations over others or pay some obligations and not others. Please see S&Ps issue credit ratings for a more detailed description of the effects of regulatory supervision on specific issues or classes of obligations.
SD and D: An obligor rated SD (selective default) or D has failed to pay one or more of its obligations (rated or unrated) when it came due. A D rating is assigned when S&P believes that the default will be a general default and that the obligor will fail to pay all or substantially all of its obligations as they come due. An SD rating is assigned when S&P believes that the obligor has selectively defaulted on a specific issue or class of obligations but it will continue to meet its payment obligations on other issues or classes of obligations in a timely manner. Please see S&Ps issue credit ratings for a more detailed description of the effects of a default on specific issues or classes of obligations.
NR: An issuer designated as NR is not rated.
MUNICIPAL RATINGS
SHORT-TERM NOTES: An S&P U.S. municipal note ratings reflects the liquidity factors and market access risks unique to notes. Notes due in three years or less will likely receive a note rating. Notes maturing beyond three years will most likely receive a long-term debt rating. The following criteria will be used in making that assessment:
Amortization schedule--the larger the final maturity relative to other maturities, the more likely it will be treated as a note; and
Source of payment--the more dependent the issue is on the market for its refinancing, the more likely it will be treated as a note.
Note rating symbols are as follows:
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SP-1: Strong capacity to pay principal and interest. An issue determined to possess a very strong capacity to pay debt will be given a plus(+) designation.
SP-2: Satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest, with some vulnerability to adverse financial and economic changes over the term of the notes.
SP-3: Speculative capacity to pay principal and interest.
FITCH RATINGS
LONG-TERM CREDIT RATINGS
Investment Grade
AAA: Highest credit quality AAA ratings denote the lowest expectation of credit risk. They are assigned only in case of exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. The capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.
AA: Very high credit quality. AA ratings denote expectations of very low credit risk. They indicate very strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events.
A: High credit quality. A ratings denote expectations of low credit risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered strong. The capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to changes in circumstances or in economic conditions that is the case for higher ratings.
BBB: Good credit quality. BBB ratings indicate that they are currently expectations of low credit risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate but adverse changes in circumstances and economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity. This is the lowest investment grade category.
Speculative Grade
BB: Speculative. BB ratings indicate that there is a possibility of credit risk developing, particularly as the result of adverse economic change over time; however, business or financial alternatives may be available to allow financial commitments to be met. Securities rated in this category are not investment grade. The obligors ability to pay interest and repay principal may be affected over time by adverse economic changes. However, business and financial alternatives can be identified that could assist the obligor in satisfying its debt service requirements.
B: Highly speculative. For issuers and performing obligations, B ratings indicate that significant credit risk is present, but a limited margin of safety remains. Financial commitments are currently being met; however, capacity for continued payment is contingent upon a sustained, favorable business and economic environment.
For individual obligations, may indicate distressed or defaulted obligations with potential for extremely high recoveries. Such obligations would possess a Recovery of Rating RR1 (outstanding).
CCC: For issuers and performing obligations, default is a real possibility. Capacity for meeting financial commitments is solely reliant upon sustained, favorable business or economic conditions.
For individual obligations, may indicate distressed or defaulted obligations with potential for average to superior levels of recovery. Differences in credit quality may be denoted by plus/minus distinctions. Such obligations typically would possess a Recovery Rating of RR2 (superior), RR3 (good) or RR4 (average).
CC: For issuers and performing obligations, default of some kind appears probable.
For individual obligations, may indicate distressed or defaulted obligations with a Recovery Rating of RR4 (average) or RR5 (below average).
C: For issuers performing obligations, default is imminent.
For individual obligations, may indicate distressed or defaulted obligations with potential for below-average to poor recoveries. Such obligations would possess a Recovery Rating of RR6 (poor).
RD: Indicates an entity that has failed to make due payments (within the applicable grace period) on some but not all material financial obligations, but continues to honor other classes of obligations.
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D: Indicates an entity or sovereign that has defaulted on all of its financial obligations. Default generally is defined as one of the following:
Failure of an obligor to make timely payment of principal and/or interest under the contractual terms of any financial obligation; The bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership, liquidation or other winding-up or cessation of business of an obligor; The distressed or other coercive exchange of an obligation, where creditors were offered securities with diminished structural or economic terms compared with the existing obligation.
Default ratings are not assigned prospectively; within this context, non-payment on an instrument that contains a deferral feature or grace period will not be considered a default until after the expiration of the deferral or grace period.
Issuers will be rated D upon a default. Defaulted and distressed obligations typically are rated along the continuum of C to B ratings categories, depending upon their recovery prospects and other relevant characteristics. Additionally, in structured finance transactions, where analysis indicates that an instrument is irrevocably impaired such that it is not expected to meet pay interest and/or principal in full in accordance with the terms of the obligations documentation during the life of the transaction, but where no payment default in accordance with the terms of the documentation is imminent, the obligation may be rated in the B or CCC-C categories.
Default is determined by reference to the terms of the obligations documentation. Fitch will assign default ratings where it has reasonably determined that payment has not been made on a material obligation in accordance with the requirements of the obligations documentation, or where it believes that default ratings consistent with Fitchs published definition of default are the most appropriate ratings to assign.
Notes to Long-Term ratings:
The modifiers + or - may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffixes are not added to the AAA Long-term rating category, to categories below CCC, or to Short-term ratings other than F1. (The +/- modifiers are only used to denote issues within the CCC category, whereas issuers are only rated CCC without the use of modifiers.)
Short-Term Credit Ratings
The following ratings scale applies to foreign currency and local currency ratings. A Short-term rating has a time horizon of less than 13 months for most obligations, or up to three years for US public finance, in line with industry standards, to reflect unique risk characteristics of bond, tax and revenue anticipation notes that are commonly issued with terms up to three years. Short-term ratings thus place greater emphasis on the liquidity necessary to meet financial commitments in a timely manner.
F1: Highest credit quality. Indicates the strongest capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have an added + to denote any exceptionally strong credit feature.
F2: Good credit quality. A satisfactory capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, but the margin of safety is not as great as in the case of the higher ratings.
F3: Fair credit quality. The capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is adequate; however, near term adverse changes could result in a reduction to non investment grade.
B: Speculative. Minimal capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, plus vulnerability to near term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.
C: High default risk. Default is a real possibility. Capacity for meeting financial commitments is solely reliant upon a sustained, favorable business and economic environment.
D: Indicates an entity or sovereign that has defaulted on all of its financial obligations.
Notes to Short-Term ratings:
The modifiers + or - may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffixes are not added to the AAA Long-term rating category, to categories below CCC, or to Short-term ratings other than F1. (The +/- modifiers are only used to denote issues within the CCC category, whereas issuers are only rated CCC without the use of modifiers.)
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DESCRIPTION OF INSURANCE FINANCIAL STRENGTH RATINGS
Moodys Investors Service, Inc. Insurance Financial Strength Ratings
Moodys Insurance Financial Strength Ratings are opinions of the ability of insurance companies to repay punctually senior policyholder claims and obligations. Specific obligations are considered unrated unless they are individually rated because the standing of a particular insurance obligation would depend on an assessment of its relative standing under those laws governing both the obligation and the insurance company. Insurance Companies rated Aaa offer exceptional financial security. While the credit profile of these companies is likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to impair their fundamentally strong position.
Standard &Poors Insurance Financial Strength Ratings
A S&P insurer financial strength rating is a current opinion of the financial security characteristics of an insurance organization with respect to its ability to pay under its insurance policies and contracts in accordance with their terms. Insurer financial strength ratings are also assigned to health maintenance organizations and similar health plans with respect to their ability to pay under their policies and contracts in accordance with their terms. This opinion is not specific to any particular policy or contract, nor does it address the suitability of a particular policy or contract for a specific purpose or purchaser. Furthermore, the opinion does not take into account deductibles, surrender or cancellation penalties, timeliness of payment, nor the likelihood of the use of a defense such as fraud to deny claims. For organizations with cross-border or multinational operations, including those conducted by subsidiaries or branch offices, the ratings do not take into account potential that may exist for foreign exchange restrictions to prevent financial obligations from being met. Insurer financial strength ratings are based on information furnished by rated organizations or obtained by S&P from other sources it considers reliable. S&P does not perform an audit in connection with any rating and may on occasion rely on unaudited financial information. Ratings may be changed, suspended, or withdrawn as a result of changes in, or unavailability of such information or based on other circumstances. Insurer financial strength ratings do not refer to an organizations ability to meet nonpolicy (i.e. debt) obligations. Assignment of ratings to debt issued by insurers or to debt issues that are fully or partially supported by insurance policies, contracts, or guarantees is a separate process from the determination of insurer financial strength ratings, and follows procedures consistent with issue credit rating definitions and practices. Insurer financial strength ratings are not a recommendation to purchase or discontinue any policy or contract issued by an insurer or to buy, hold, or sell any security issued by an insurer. A rating is not a guaranty of an insurers financial strength or security. An insurer rated AAA has extremely strong financial security characteristics. AAA is the highest insurer financial strength rating assigned by S&P.
Fitch Insurer Financial Strength Ratings
The Fitch Insurer Financial Strength (IFS) Rating provides an assessment of the financial strength of an insurance organization. The IFS Rating is assigned to the insurance companys policyholder obligations, including assumed reinsurance obligations and contract holder obligations, such as guaranteed investment contracts. The IFS Rating reflects both the ability of the insurer to meet these obligations on a timely basis, and expected recoveries received by claimants in the event the insurer stops making payments or payments are interrupted, due to either the failure of the insurer or some form of regulatory intervention. In the context of the IFS Rating, the timeliness of payments is considered relative to both contract and/or policy terms but also recognizes the possibility of reasonable delays caused by circumstances common to the insurance industry, including claims reviews, fraud investigations and coverage disputes. The IFS Rating does not encompass policyholder obligations residing in separate accounts, unit-linked products or segregated funds, for which the policyholder bears investment or other risks. However, any guarantees provided to the policyholder with respect such obligations are included in the IFS Rating. Expected recoveries are based on Fitchs assessments of the sufficiency of an insurance companys assets to fund policyholder obligations, in a scenario in which payments have been ceased or interrupted. Accordingly, expected recoveries exclude the impact of recoveries obtained from any government sponsored guaranty or policyholder protection funds. Expected recoveries also exclude the impact of collateralizing or security, such as letters of credit or trusteed assets, supporting select reinsurance obligations. IFS Ratings can be assigned to insurance and reinsurance companies in any insurance sector, including the life & annuity, non-life, property/casualty, health, mortgage, financial guaranty, residual value and title insurance sectors, as well as to managed care companies such as health maintenance organizations. The IFS Rating does not address the quality of an insurers claims handling services or the relative value of products sold. AAA IFS Rating is exceptional strong. AAA IFS Rating denotes the lowest exception of ceased or interrupted payments. They are assigned only in the case of exceptionally strong capacity to meet policyholder and contract obligations on a timely basis. This capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.
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APPENDIX G
Eaton Vance Funds
Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures
I.
Overview
The Boards of Trustees (the ” Board) of the Eaton Vance Funds have determined that it is in the interests of the Funds shareholders to adopt these written proxy voting policy and procedures (the Policy). For purposes of this Policy:
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Fund means each registered investment company sponsored by the Eaton Vance organization; and
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Adviser means the adviser or sub-adviser responsible for the day-to-day management of all or a portion of the Funds assets.
II. Delegation of Proxy Voting Responsibilities
The Board hereby delegates to the Adviser responsibility for voting the Funds proxies as described in this Policy. In this connection, the Adviser is required to provide the Board with a copy of its proxy voting policies and procedures (Adviser Procedures) and all Fund proxies will be voted in accordance with the Adviser Procedures, provided that in the event a material conflict of interest arises with respect to a proxy to be voted for the Fund (as described in Section IV below) the Adviser shall follow the process for voting such proxy as described in Section IV below.
The Adviser is required to report any material change to the Adviser Procedures to the Board in the manner set forth in Section V below. In addition, the Board will review the Adviser Procedures annually.
III. Deleg ation of Proxy Voting Disclosure Responsibilities
Pursuant to Rule 30b1-4 promulgated under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the 1940 Act), the Fund is required to file Form N-PX no later than August 31 st of each year. On Form N-PX, the Fund is required to disclose, among other things, information concerning proxies relating to the Funds portfolio investments, whether or not the Fund (or its Adviser) voted the proxies relating to securities held by the Fund and how it voted on the matter and whether it voted for or against management.
To facilitate the filing of Form N-PX for the Fund:
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The Adviser is required to record, compile and transmit in a timely manner all data required to be filed on Form N-PX for the Fund that it manages. Such data shall be transmitted to Eaton Vance Management, which acts as administrator to the Fund (the Administrator) or the third party service provider designated by the Administrator; and
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the Administrator is required to file Form N-PX on behalf of the Fund with the Securities and Exchange Commission (Commission) as required by the 1940 Act. The Administrator may delegate the filing to a third party service party provided each such filing is reviewed and approved by the Administrator.
IV. Conflicts of Interest
The Board expects the Adviser, as a fiduciary to the Fund it manages, to put the interests of the Fund and its shareholders above those of the Adviser. When required to vote a proxy for the Fund, the Adviser may have material business relationships with the issuer soliciting the proxy that could give rise to a potential material conflict of interest for the Adviser. 1 In the event such a material conflict of interest arises , the Adviser, to the extent it is aware or reasonably should have been aware of the material conflict, will refrain from voting any proxies related to companies giving rise to such material conflict until it notifies and consults with the appropriate Board, or any committee, sub-committee or group of Independent Trustees identified by the Board (as long as such committee, sub-committee or group contains at least two or more Independent Trustees) (the Board Members), concerning the material conflict. 2 For ease of communicating with the Board Members, the
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Adviser is required to provide the foregoing notice to the Funds Chief Legal Officer who will then notify and facilitate a consultation with the Board Members.
Once the Board Members have been notified of the material conflict:
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they shall convene a meeting to review and consider all relevant materials related to the proxies involved. This meeting shall be convened within 3 business days, provided that it an effort will be made to convene the meeting sooner if the proxy must be voted in less than 3 business days;
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In considering such proxies, the Adviser shall make available all materials requested by the Board Members and make reasonably available appropriate personnel to discuss the matter upon request.
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The Board Members will then instruct the Adviser on the appropriate course of action with respect to the proxy at issue.
If the Board Members are unable to meet and the failure to vote a proxy would have a material adverse impact on the Fund(s) involved, the Adviser will have the right to vote such proxy, provided that it discloses the existence of the material conflict to the Chairman of the Board as soon as practicable and to the Board at its next meeting. Any determination regarding the voting of proxies of the Fund that is made by the Board Members shall be deemed to be a good faith determination regarding the voting of proxies by the full Board.
V.
Reports and Review
The Administrator shall make copies of each Form N-PX filed on behalf of the Fund available for the Boards ’ review upon the Board ’ ’ request. The Administrator (with input from the Adviser for the Fund) shall also provide any reports reasonably requested by the Board regarding the proxy voting records of the Fund.
The Adviser shall report any material changes to the Adviser Procedures to the Board as soon as practicable and the Boards will review the Adviser Procedures annually.
The Adviser also shall report any changes to the Adviser Procedures to the Fund Chief Legal Officer prior to implementing such changes in order to enable the Administrator to effectively coordinate the Funds disclosure relating to the Adviser Procedures.
To the extent requested by the Commission, the Policy and the Adviser Procedures shall be appended to the Funds statement of additional information included in its registration statement.
_____________________
1
An Adviser is expected to maintain a process for identifying a potential material conflict of interest. As an example only, such potential conflicts may arise when the issuer is a client of the Adviser and generates a significant among of fees to the Adviser or the issuer is a distributor of the Advisers products.
2
If a material conflict of interest exists with respect to a particular proxy and the proxy voting procedures of the relevant Adviser require that proxies are to be voted in accordance with the recommendation of a third party proxy voting vendor, the requirements of this Section IV shall only apply if the Adviser intends to vote such proxy in a manner inconsistent with such third party recommendation.
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APPENDIX H
EATON VANCE MANAGEMENT
BOSTON MANAGEMENT AND RESEARCH
PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
I. Introduction
Eaton Vance Management, Boston Management and Research and Eaton Vance Investment Counsel (each an ” Adviser “ and collectively the ” Advisers “ ) have each adopted and implemented policies and procedures that each Adviser believes are reasonably designed to ensure that proxies are voted in the best interest of clients, in accordance with its fiduciary duties and Rule 206(4)-6 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. The Advisers authority to vote the proxies of their clients is established by their advisory contracts or similar documentation, such as the Eaton Vance Funds Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures. These proxy policies and procedures reflect the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) requirements governing advisers and the long-standing fiduciary standards and responsibilities for ERISA accounts set out in the Department of Labor Bulletin 94-2 C.F.R. 2509.94-2 (July 29, 1994).
II. Overview
Each Adviser manages its clients ’ assets with the overriding goal of seeking to provide the greatest possible return to such clients consistent with governing laws and the investment policies of each client. In pursuing that goal, each Adviser seeks to exercise its clients rights as shareholders of voting securities to support sound corporate governance of the companies issuing those securities with the principle aim of maintaining or enhancing the companies economic value.
The exercise of shareholder rights is generally done by casting votes by proxy at shareholder meetings on matters submitted to shareholders for approval (for example, the election of directors or the approval of a companys stock option plans for directors, officers or employees). Each Adviser is adopting the formal written Guidelines described in detail below and will utilize such Guidelines in voting proxies on behalf of its clients. These Guidelines are designed to promote accountability of a companys management and board of directors to its shareholders and to align the interests of management with those of shareholders.
Each Adviser will vote any proxies received by a client for which it has sole investment discretion through a third-party proxy voting service (Agent) in accordance with customized policies, as approved by the Boards of Trustees of the Eaton Vance Funds and, with respect to proxies referred back to the Adviser by the Agent pursuant to the Guidelines, in a manner that is reasonably designed to eliminate any potential conflicts of interest, as described more fully below. The Agent is currently Institutional Shareholder Services Inc. Proxies will be voted in accordance with client-specific guidelines and an Eaton Vance Funds sub-advisers proxy voting policies and procedures, if applicable.
No set of guidelines can anticipate all situations that may arise. In special cases, the Proxy Administrator (the person specifically charged with the responsibility to oversee the Agent and coordinate the voting of proxies referred back to the Adviser by the Agent) may seek insight from the Proxy Group established by the Advisers. The Proxy Group will assist in the review of the Agents recommendation when a proxy voting issue is referred to the Proxy Group through the Proxy Administrator. The members of the Proxy Group, which may include employees of the Advisers affiliates, may change at the Advisers discretion.
III. Roles and Responsibilities
A. Proxy Administrator
The Proxy Administrator will assist in the coordination of the voting of each client ’ s proxy in accordance with the Guidelines below and the Funds ’ Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures. The Proxy Administrator is authorized to direct the Agent to vote a proxy in accordance with the Guidelines. Responsibilities assigned herein to the Proxy Administrator, or activities in support thereof, may be performed by such members of the Proxy Group or employees of the Advisers affiliates as are deemed appropriate by the Proxy Group.
B. Agent
An independent proxy voting service (the ” Agent “ ), as approved by the Board of each Fund, shall be engaged to assist in the voting of proxies. The Agent is currently Institutional Shareholder Services Inc. The Agent is responsible for
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coordinating with the clients custodians and the Advisers to ensure that all proxy materials received by the custodians relating to the portfolio securities are processed in a timely fashion. The Agent is required to vote and/or refer all proxies in accordance with the Guidelines below. The Agent shall retain a record of all proxy votes handled by the Agent. Such record must reflect all of the information required to be disclosed in a Funds Form N-PX pursuant to Rule 30b1-4 under the Investment Company Act of 1940. In addition, the Agent is responsible for maintaining copies of all proxy statements received by issuers and to promptly provide such materials to an Adviser upon request.
Subject to the oversight of the Advisers, the Agent shall establish and maintain adequate internal controls and policies in connection with the provision of proxy voting services to the Advisers, including methods to reasonably ensure that its analysis and recommendations are not influenced by a conflict of interest, and shall disclose such controls and policies to the Advisers when and as provided for herein. Unless otherwise specified, references herein to recommendations of the Agent shall refer to those in which no conflict of interest has been identified.
C. Proxy Group
The Adviser shall establish a Proxy Group which shall assist in the review of the Agents recommendations when a proxy voting issue has been referred to the Proxy Administrator by the Agent. The members of the Proxy Group, which may include employees of the Advisers affiliates, may be amended from time to time at the Advisers discretion.
For each proposal referred to the Proxy Group, the Proxy Group will review the (i) Guidelines, (ii) recommendations of the Agent, and (iii) any other resources that any member of the Proxy Group deems appropriate to aid in a determination of the recommendation.
If the Proxy Group recommends a vote in accordance with the Guidelines, or the recommendation of the Agent, where applicable, it shall instruct the Proxy Administrator to so advise the Agent.
If the Proxy Group recommends a vote contrary to the Guidelines, or the recommendation of the Agent, where applicable, or if the proxy statement relates to a conflicted company of the Agent, as determined by the Advisers, it shall follow the procedures for such voting outlined below.
The Proxy Administrator shall use best efforts to convene the Proxy Group with respect to all matters requiring its consideration. In the event the Proxy Group cannot meet in a timely manner in connection with a voting deadline, the Proxy Administrator shall follow the procedures for such voting outlined below.
IV. Proxy Voting Guidelines ( ” Guidelines “ )
A. General Policies
It shall generally be the policy of the Advisers to take no action on a proxy for which no client holds a position or otherwise maintains an economic interest in the relevant security at the time the vote is to be cast.
In all cases except those highlighted below, it shall generally be the policy of the Advisers to vote in accordance with the recommendation by the Agent, Institutional Shareholder Services Inc.
When a fund client participates in the lending of its securities and the securities are on loan at the record date, proxies related to such securities generally will not be forwarded to the relevant Adviser by the funds custodian and therefore will not be voted. In the event that the Adviser determines that the matters involved would have a material effect on the applicable funds investment in the loaned securities, the fund will exercise its best efforts to terminate the loan in time to be able to cast such vote or exercise such consent.
Interpretation and application of these Guidelines is not intended to supersede any law, regulation, binding agreement or other legal requirement to which an issuer may be or become subject. The Guidelines relate to the types of proposals that are most frequently presented in proxy statements to shareholders. Absent unusual circumstances, each Adviser will utilize these Guidelines when voting proxies on behalf of its clients. The Guidelines may be revised at any time, provided such revisions are reported to the Boards of Trustees of the Eaton Vance Funds.
B. Proposals Regarding Mergers and Corporate Restructurings
The Agent shall be directed to refer proxy proposals accompanied by its written analysis and voting recommendation to the Proxy Administrator for all proposals relating to Mergers and Corporate Restructurings.
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C. Proposals Regarding Mutual Fund Proxies – Disposition of Assets/Termination/Liquidation and Mergers
The Agent shall be directed to refer proxy proposals accompanied by its written analysis and voting recommendation to the Proxy Administrator for all proposals relating to the Disposition of Assets/Termination/Liquidation and Mergers contained in mutual fund proxies.
D. Corporate Structure Matters/Anti-Takeover Defenses
As a general matter, the Advisers will normally vote against anti-takeover measures and other proposals designed to limit the ability of shareholders to act on possible transactions (except in the case of closed-end management investment companies).
E. Social and Environmental Issues
The Advisers generally support management on social and environmental proposals.
F. Voting Procedures
Upon receipt of a referral from the Agent or upon advice from an Eaton Vance investment professional, the Proxy Administrator may solicit additional research from the Agent, as well as from any other source or service.
1. |
WITHIN-GUIDELINES VOTES: Votes in Accordance with the Guidelines and/or, where applicable, Agent Recommendation |
In the event the Proxy Administrator recommends a vote within Guidelines and/or, where applicable, in accordance with the Agents recommendation, the Proxy Administrator will instruct the Agent to vote in this manner.
2. |
NON-VOTES: Votes in Which No Action is Taken |
The Proxy Administrator may recommend that a client refrain from voting under the following circumstances: (i) if the economic effect on shareholders ’ interests or the value of the portfolio holding is indeterminable or insignificant, e.g., proxies in connection with securities no longer held in the portfolio of a client or proxies being considered on behalf of a client that is no longer in existence; or (ii) if the cost of voting a proxy outweighs the benefits, e.g., certain international proxies, particularly in cases in which share blocking practices may impose trading restrictions on the relevant portfolio security. In such instances, the Proxy Administrator may instruct the Agent not to vote such proxy.
Reasonable efforts shall be made to secure and vote all other proxies for the clients, but, particularly in markets in which shareholders rights are limited, Non-Votes may also occur in connection with a clients related inability to timely access ballots or other proxy information in connection with its portfolio securities.
Non-Votes may also result in certain cases in which the Agents recommendation has been deemed to be conflicted, as provided for herein.
3. |
OUT-OF-GUIDELINES VOTES: Votes Contrary to Guidelines, or Agent Recommendation, where applicable, Where No Recommendation is Provided by Agent, or Where Agent ’ s Recommendation is Conflicted |
If the Proxy Administrator recommends that a client vote contrary to the Guidelines, or the recommendation of the Agent, where applicable, if the Agent has made no recommendation on a matter requiring case-by-case consideration and the Guidelines are silent, or the Agents recommendation on a matter requiring case-by-case consideration is deemed to be conflicted, the Proxy Administrator will forward the Agents analysis and recommendation and any research obtained from the Agent or any other source to the Proxy Group. The Proxy Group may consult with the Agent as it deems necessary. The Proxy Administrator will instruct the Agent to vote the proxy as recommended by the Proxy Group. The Adviser will provide a report to the Boards of Trustees of the Eaton Vance Funds reflecting any votes cast contrary to the Guidelines or Agent Recommendation, as applicable, and shall do so no less than annually.
The Proxy Administrator will maintain a record of all proxy questions that have been referred by the Agent, all applicable recommendations, analysis and research received and any resolution of the matter.
V. Recordkeeping
The Advisers will maintain records relating to the proxies they vote on behalf of their clients in accordance with Section 204-2 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. Those records will include:
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·
A copy of the Advisers proxy voting policies and procedures;
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Proxy statements received regarding client securities. Such proxy statements received from issuers are either in the SECs EDGAR database or are kept by the Agent and are available upon request;
·
A record of each vote cast;
·
A copy of any document created by the Advisers that was material to making a decision on how to vote a proxy for a client or that memorializes the basis for such a decision; and
·
Each written client request for proxy voting records and the Advisers written response to any client request (whether written or oral) for such records.
All records described above will be maintained in an easily accessible place for five years and will be maintained in the offices of the Advisers or their Agent for two years after they are created.
VI. Assessment of Agent and Identification and Resolution of Conflicts with Clients
A. A ssessment of Agent
The Advisers shall establish that the Agent (i) is independent from the Advisers, (ii) has resources that indicate it can competently provide analysis of proxy issues, and (iii) can make recommendations in an impartial manner and in the best interests of the clients and, where applicable, their beneficial owners. The Advisers shall utilize, and the Agent shall comply with, such methods for establishing the foregoing as the Advisers may deem reasonably appropriate and shall do so not less than annually as well as prior to engaging the services of any new proxy voting service. The Agent shall also notify the Advisers in writing within fifteen (15) calendar days of any material change to information previously provided to an Adviser in connection with establishing the Agent ’ s independence, competence or impartiality.
B. Conflicts of Interest
As fiduciaries to their clients, each Adviser puts the interests of its clients ahead of its own. In order to ensure that relevant personnel of the Advisers are able to identify potential material conflicts of interest, each Adviser will take the following steps:
·
Quarterly, the Eaton Vance Legal and Compliance Department will seek information from the department heads of each department of the Advisers and of Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc. (EVD) (an affiliate of the Advisers and principal underwriter of certain Eaton Vance Funds). Each department head will be asked to provide a list of significant clients or prospective clients of the Advisers or EVD.
·
A representative of the Legal and Compliance Department will compile a list of the companies identified (the Conflicted Companies) and provide that list to the Proxy Administrator.
·
The Proxy Administrator will compare the list of Conflicted Companies with the names of companies for which he or she has been referred a proxy statement (the Proxy Companies). If a Conflicted Company is also a Proxy Company, the Proxy Administrator will report that fact to the Proxy Group.
·
If the Proxy Administrator expects to instruct the Agent to vote the proxy of the Conflicted Company strictly according to the Guidelines contained in these Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures (the Policies) or the recommendation of the Agent, as applicable, he or she will (i) inform the Proxy Group of that fact, (ii) instruct the Agent to vote the proxies and (iii) record the existence of the material conflict and the resolution of the matter.
·
If the Proxy Administrator intends to instruct the Agent to vote in a manner inconsistent with the Guidelines contained herein or the recommendation of the Agent, as applicable, the Proxy Group, in consultation with Eaton Vance senior management, will then determine if a material conflict of interest exists between the relevant Adviser and its clients. If the Proxy Group, in consultation with Eaton Vance senior management, determines that a material conflict exists, prior to instructing the Agent to vote any proxies relating to these Conflicted Companies the Adviser will seek instruction on how the proxy should be voted from:
·
The client, in the case of an individual or corporate client;
·
In the case of a Fund, its board of directors, any committee or sub-committee or group of Independent Trustees (as long as such committee, sub-committee or group contains at least two or more Independent Trustees); or
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
140
SAI dated August 1, 2012
·
The adviser, in situations where the Adviser acts as a sub-adviser to such adviser.
The Adviser will provide all reasonable assistance to each party to enable such party to make an informed decision.
If the client, Fund board or adviser, as the case may be, fails to instruct the Adviser on how to vote the proxy, the Adviser will generally instruct the Agent, through the Proxy Administrator, to abstain from voting in order to avoid the appearance of impropriety. If however, the failure of the Adviser to vote its clients proxies would have a material adverse economic impact on the Advisers clients securities holdings in the Conflicted Company, the Adviser may instruct the Agent, through the Proxy Administrator, to vote such proxies in order to protect its clients interests. In either case, the Proxy Administrator will record the existence of the material conflict and the resolution of the matter.
The Advisers shall also identify and address conflicts that may arise from time to time concerning the Agent. Upon the Advisers request, which shall be not less than annually, and within fifteen (15) calendar days of any material change to such information previously provided to an Adviser, the Agent shall provide the Advisers with such information as the Advisers deem reasonable and appropriate for use in determining material relationships of the Agent that may pose a conflict of interest with respect to the Agents proxy analysis or recommendations. Such information shall include, but is not limited to, a monthly report from the Agent detailing the Agents Corporate Securities Division clients and related revenue data. The Advisers shall review such information on a monthly basis. The Proxy Administrator shall instruct the Agent to refer any proxies for which a material conflict of the Agent is deemed to be present to the Proxy Administrator. Any such proxy referred by the Agent shall be referred to the Proxy Group for consideration accompanied by the Agents written analysis and voting recommendation. The Proxy Administrator will instruct the Agent to vote the proxy as recommended by the Proxy Group.
Eaton Vance Combined Limited Maturity Municipal Income Funds
141
SAI dated August 1, 2012
PART C - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 28. Exhibits (with inapplicable items omitted)
C-1
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(3) |
|
Amendment Number 1 to Amended and Restated Services Agreement with State Street Bank & Trust Company dated September 1, 2010 filed as Exhibit (g)(3) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 39 of Eaton Vance Municipals Trust II (File Nos. 033-71320, 811-08134) filed May 29, 2012 (Accession No. 0000940394-12-000641) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(h) |
(1) |
(a) |
Amended Administrative Services Agreement between Eaton Vance Investment Trust (on behalf of each of its series) and Eaton Vance Management dated June 19, 1995 with attached schedules (including Amended Schedule A) filed as Exhibit (9) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 34 filed July 13, 1995 and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
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(b) |
Amendment to Schedule A dated June 23, 1997 to the Amended Administrative Services Agreement dated June 19, 1995 filed as Exhibit (9)(a)(1) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 39 filed March 25, 1998 and incorporated herein by reference. |
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|
(2) |
|
Transfer Agency and Shareholder Services Agreement effective September 1, 2011 filed as Exhibit (h)(4) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 121 of Eaton Vance Growth Trust (File Nos. 02-22019, 811-1241) filed September 29, 2011 (Accession No. 0000940394-11-001076) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
(3) |
|
Sub-Transfer Agency Services Agreement effective September 1, 2011 between BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc. and Eaton Vance Management filed as Exhibit (h)(5) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 121 of Eaton Vance Growth Trust (File Nos. 02-22019, 811-1241) filed September 29, 2011 (Accession No. 0000940394-11-001076) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(i) |
(1) |
|
Opinion of Internal Counsel dated July 27, 2010 filed as Exhibit (i) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 57 (Accession No. 0000940394-10-000739) filed July 27, 2010 and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
(2) |
|
Consent of Internal Counsel dated July 26, 2012 filed herewith. |
|
(j) |
|
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Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for Eaton Vance AMT-Free Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund, Eaton Vance Massachusetts Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund, Eaton Vance National Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund, Eaton Vance New York Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund and Eaton Vance Pennsylvania Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund dated July 26, 2012 filed herewith. |
|
(m) |
(1) |
|
Eaton Vance Investment Trust Class A Distribution Plan adopted June 23, 1997 and amended April 24, 2006 with attached Schedule A filed as Exhibit (m)(1) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 51 filed July 27, 2006 (Accession No. 0000940394-06-000678) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
(2) |
|
Eaton Vance Investment Trust Class B Distribution Plan adopted June 23, 1997 with attached Schedule A effective June 23, 1997 filed as Exhibit (15)(b) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 39 and incorporated herein by reference. |
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|
(3) |
(a) |
Eaton Vance Investment Trust Class C Distribution Plan adopted June 23, 1997 with attached Schedule A effective June 23, 1997 filed as Exhibit (15)(c) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 39 and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
(b) |
Amended Schedule A effective November 14, 2005 to Class C Distribution Plan adopted June 23, 1997 filed as Exhibit (m)(3)(b) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 51 filed July 27, 2006 (Accession No. 0000940394-06-000678) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(n) |
(1) |
|
Amended and Restated Multiple Class Plan for Eaton Vance Funds dated August 6, 2007 filed as Exhibit (n) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 128 of Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust (File Nos. 02-90946, 811-4015) filed August 10, 2007 (Accession No. 0000940394-07-000956) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
(2) |
|
Schedule A effective April 30, 2012 to Amended and Restated Multiple Class Plan filed as Exhibit (n)(2) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 121 of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust (File Nos. 002-27962, 811-01545) filed April 26, 2012 (Accession No. 0000940394-12-000429) and incorporated herein by reference. |
C-2
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|
(3) |
|
Schedule B effective April 30, 2012 to Amended and Restated Multiple Class Plan filed as Exhibit (n)(3) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 121 of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust (File Nos. 002-27962, 811-01545) filed April 26, 2012 (Accession No. 0000940394-12-000429) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
(4) |
|
Schedule C effective April 30, 2012 to Amended and Restated Multiple Class Plan filed as Exhibit (n)(4) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 121 of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust (File Nos. 002-27962, 811-01545) filed April 26, 2012 (Accession No. 0000940394-12-000429) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(p) |
|
|
Code of Ethics adopted by the Eaton Vance Entities and the Eaton Vance Funds effective September 1, 2000, as revised June 1, 2012 filed as Exhibit (p) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 39 of Eaton Vance Municipals Trust II (File Nos. 033-71320, 811-08134) filed May 29, 2012 (Accession No. 0000940394-12-000641) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(q) |
(1) |
|
Powers of Attorney for Investment Trust dated November 1, 2005 filed as Exhibit (q) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 102 of Eaton Vance Municipals Trust (File Nos. 33-572, 811-4409) filed November 29, 2005 (Accession No. 0000940394-05-001357) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
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(2) |
|
Power of Attorney for Eaton Vance Investment Trust dated January 25, 2006 filed as Exhibit (q)(2) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 filed July 26, 2007 (Accession No. 0000940394-07-000789) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
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(3) |
|
Powers of Attorney for Eaton Vance Investment Trust dated April 23, 2007 filed as Exhibit (q)(3) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 filed July 26, 2007 (Accession No. 0000940394-07-000789) and incorporated herein by reference. |
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(4) |
|
Power of Attorney for Eaton Vance Investment Trust dated January 1, 2008 filed as Exhibit (p)(4) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 53 filed July 24, 2008 (Accession No. 0000940394-08-001116) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
(5) |
|
Power of Attorney for Eaton Vance Investment Trust dated November 17, 2008 filed as Exhibit (q)(5) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 54 filed July 23, 2009 (Accession No. 0000940394-09-000557) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
(6) |
|
Power of Attorney for Eaton Vance Investment Trust dated February 7, 2011 filed as Exhibit (q)(6) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 58 filed July 27, 2011 (Accession No. 0000940394-11-000910) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
(7) |
|
Power of Attorney for Eaton Vance Investment Trust dated October 17, 2011 filed herewith. |
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(8) |
|
Power of Attorney for Eaton Vance Investment Trust dated November 14, 2011 filed herewith. |
Item 29. Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control
Not applicable
Item 30. Indemnification
Article IV of the Registrant ’ s Declaration of Trust permits Trustee and officer indemnification by By-Law, contract and vote. Article XI of the By-Laws contains indemnification provisions. Registrants Trustees and officers are insured under a standard mutual fund errors and omissions insurance policy covering loss incurred by reason of negligent errors and omissions committed in their capacities as such.
The distribution agreement of the Registrant also provides for reciprocal indemnity of the principal underwriter, on the one hand, and the Trustees and officers, on the other.
Item 31. Business and other Connections of Investment Adviser
Reference is made to: (i) the information set forth under the caption “ Management and Organization ” in the Statement of Additional Information; (ii) the Eaton Vance Corp. Form 10-K filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (File No. 1-8100); and (iii) the Form ADV of Eaton Vance Management (File No. 801-15930) and Boston Management and Research (File No. 801-43127) filed with the Commission, all of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Item 32. Principal Underwriters
C-3
|
(a) |
Registrant ’ s principal underwriter, Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Eaton Vance Corp., is the principal underwriter for each of the registered investment companies named below: |
Eaton Vance Growth Trust Eaton Vance Investment Trust Eaton Vance Managed Income Term Trust Eaton Vance Municipals Trust Eaton Vance Municipals Trust II |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust Eaton Vance Series Fund, Inc. Eaton Vance Series Trust II Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust Eaton Vance Variable Trust |
|
(b) |
||
(1)
|
(2)
|
(3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Julie Andrade |
Vice President |
None |
|
Brian Arcara |
Vice President |
None |
|
Michelle Baran |
Vice President |
None |
|
Ira Baron |
Vice President |
None |
|
Jeffrey P. Beale |
Vice President |
None |
|
Brian Blair |
Vice President |
None |
|
Stephanie H. Brady |
Vice President |
None |
|
Timothy Breer |
Vice President |
None |
|
Mark Burkhard |
Vice President |
None |
|
Peter Campagna |
Vice President |
None |
|
Eric Caplinger |
Vice President |
None |
|
Daniel C. Cataldo |
Vice President and Treasurer |
None |
|
Tiffany Cayarga |
Vice President |
None |
|
Michael Clark |
Vice President |
None |
|
Randy Clark |
Vice President |
None |
|
Adam Cole |
Vice President |
None |
|
Eric Cooper |
Vice President |
None |
|
Tyler Cortelezzi |
Vice President |
None |
|
Patrick Cosgrove |
Vice President |
None |
|
Peter Crowley |
Vice President |
None |
|
Rob Curtis |
Vice President |
None |
|
Russell E. Curtis |
Vice President and Chief Operations Officer |
None |
|
Kevin Dachille |
Vice President |
None |
|
Kevin Darrow |
Vice President |
None |
C-4
Drew Devereaux |
Vice President |
None |
Derek Devine |
Vice President |
None |
Todd Dickinson |
Vice President |
None |
Brian Dunkley |
Vice President |
None |
James Durocher |
Senior Vice President |
None |
Margaret Egan |
Vice President |
None |
Robert Ellerbeck |
Vice President |
None |
Daniel Ethier |
Vice President |
None |
Troy Evans |
Vice President |
None |
Lawrence L. Fahey |
Vice President |
None |
Thomas E. Faust Jr. |
Director |
Trustee |
James Foley |
Vice President |
None |
J. Timothy Ford |
Vice President |
None |
Kathleen Fryer |
Vice President |
None |
Jonathan Futterman |
Vice President |
None |
Anne Marie Gallagher |
Vice President |
None |
Sheri Gilchrist |
Vice President |
None |
Hugh S. Gilmartin |
Vice President |
None |
Charles Glovsky |
Vice President |
None |
Bradford Godfrey |
Vice President |
None |
David Gordon |
Vice President |
None |
John Greenway |
Vice President |
None |
Peter Hartman |
Vice President |
None |
Richard Hein |
Vice President |
None |
Joseph Hernandez |
Vice President |
None |
Dori Hetrick |
Vice President |
None |
Toebe Hinckle |
Vice President |
None |
Suzanne Hingel |
Vice President |
None |
Perry D. Hooker |
Vice President |
None |
Christian Howe |
Vice President |
None |
Jonathan Isaac |
Vice President |
None |
Adrian Jackson |
Vice President |
None |
Elizabeth Johnson |
Vice President |
None |
Steve Jones |
Vice President |
None |
Sean Kelly |
Senior Vice President |
None |
William Kennedy |
Vice President |
None |
Joseph Kosciuszek |
Vice President |
None |
C-5
Kathleen Krivelow |
Vice President |
None |
David Lefcourt |
Vice President |
None |
Paul Leonardo |
Vice President |
None |
Lauren Loehning |
Vice President |
None |
John Loy |
Vice President |
None |
Coleen Lynch |
Vice President |
None |
John Macejka |
Vice President |
None |
Christopher Marek |
Vice President |
None |
Frederick S. Marius |
Vice President, Secretary, Clerk and Chief Legal Officer |
None |
Geoff Marshall |
Vice President |
None |
Christopher Mason |
Vice President |
None |
Judy Snow May |
Vice President |
None |
Daniel J. McCarthy |
Vice President |
None |
Don McCaughey |
Vice President |
None |
Andy McClelland |
Vice President |
None |
Dave McDonald |
Vice President |
None |
Tim McEwen |
Vice President |
None |
Shannon McHugh-Price |
Vice President |
None |
David Michaud |
Vice President |
None |
Mark Milan |
Vice President |
None |
Don Murphy |
Vice President |
None |
James A. Naughton |
Vice President |
None |
Matthew Navins |
Vice President |
None |
Mark D. Nelson |
Vice President |
None |
Scott Nelson |
Vice President |
None |
Linda D. Newkirk |
Vice President |
None |
Paul Nicely |
Vice President |
None |
Paul Nobile |
Senior Vice President |
None |
Andrew Ogren |
Vice President |
None |
David Oliveri |
Vice President |
None |
Philip Pace |
Vice President |
None |
Greg Piaseckyj |
Vice President |
None |
Steve Pietricola |
Vice President |
None |
John Pumphrey |
Vice President |
None |
James Putman |
Vice President |
None |
James Queen |
Vice President |
None |
Christopher Remington |
Vice President |
None |
C-6
Item 33. Location of Accounts and Records
All applicable accounts, books and documents required to be maintained by the Registrant by Section 31(a) of the Investment
C-7
Company Act of 1940 and the Rules promulgated thereunder are in the possession and custody of the Registrants custodian, State Street Bank and Trust Company, 200 Clarendon Street, 16th Floor, Mail Code ADM27, Boston, MA 02116, and its transfer agent, BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc., 4400 Computer Drive, Westborough, MA 01581-5120, with the exception of certain corporate documents and portfolio trading documents which are in the possession and custody of the administrator and investment adviser or sub-adviser. Registrant is informed that all applicable accounts, books and documents required to be maintained by registered investment advisers are in the custody and possession of Eaton Vance Management and Boston Management and Research, both located at Two International Place, Boston, MA 02110.
Item 34. Management Services
Not applicable
Item 35. Undertakings
None.
C-8
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant certifies that it meets all of the requirements for effectiveness of this Amendment to the Registration Statement pursuant to Rule 485(b) under the Securities Act of 1933 and has duly caused this Amendment to its Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized in the City of Boston, and the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, on July 26, 2012.
EATON VANCE INVESTMENT TRUST
By: /s/ Cynthia J. Clemson
Cynthia J. Clemson, President
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Post-Effective Amendment to the Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities indicated on July 26, 2012.
C-9
EXHIBIT INDEX
The following exhibits are filed as part of this amendment to the Registration Statement pursuant to Rule 483 of Regulation C.
Exhibit No. |
Description |
(b) |
|
|
Amended and Restated By-Laws of Eaton Vance Investment Trust adopted April 23, 2012 |
(i) |
(2) |
|
Consent of Internal Counsel dated July 26, 2012 |
(j) |
|
|
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for Eaton Vance AMT-Free Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund, Eaton Vance Massachusetts Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund, Eaton Vance National Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund, Eaton Vance New York Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund and Eaton Vance Pennsylvania Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund dated July 26, 2012 |
(q) |
(7) |
|
Power of Attorney for Eaton Vance Investment Trust dated October 17, 2011 |
|
(8) |
|
Power of Attorney for Eaton Vance Investment Trust dated November 14, 2011 |
|
|
|
|
C-10
EXHIBIT (b)
EATON VANCE INVESTMENT TRUST
AMENDED AND RESTATED
BY-LAWS
As Adopted April 23, 2012
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
ARTICLE I The Trustees
1
Section 1
Election and Term of Office
1
Section 2
Number of Trustees
1
Section 3
Resignation and Removal
1
Section 4
Vacancies
3
Section 5
Temporary Absence of Trustee
3
Section 6
Effect of Death, Resignation, Removal, Etc. of a Trustee
3
ARTICLE II Officers and Their Election
3
Section 1
Officers
3
Section 2
Election of Officers
3
Section 3
Resignations and Removals
3
ARTICLE III Powers and Duties of Trustees and Officers
4
Section 1
Trustees
4
Section 2
Executive and other Committees
4
Section 3
Chairman of the Trustees
4
Section 4
President
4
Section 5
Treasurer
5
Section 6
Secretary
5
Section 7
Other Officers
5
Section 8
Compensation
5
ARTICLE IV Meetings of Shareholders
5
Section 1
Meetings
5
Section 2
Place of Meetings
5
Section 3
Notice of Meetings
5
Section 4
Quorum
6
Section 5
Voting
6
Section 6
Proxies
7
Section 7
Consents
7
ARTICLE V Trustees Meetings
7
Section 1
Meetings
7
Section 2
Notices
7
Section 3
Consents
8
Section 4
Place of Meetings
8
Section 5
Quorum and Manner of Acting
8
i
ARTICLE VI Shares of Beneficial Interest
8
Section 1
Certificates for Shares of Beneficial Interest
8
Section 2
Transfer of Shares
8
Section 3
Transfer Agent and Registrar; Regulations
9
Section 4
Closing of Transfer Books and Fixing Record Date
9
Section 5
Lost, Destroyed or Mutilated Certificates
9
Section 6
Record Owner of Shares
9
ARTICLE VII Fiscal Year
9
ARTICLE VIII Seal
10
ARTICLE IX Inspection of Books
10
ARTICLE X Custodian
10
ARTICLE XI Limitation of Liability and Indemnification
11
Section 1
Limitation of Liability
11
Section 2
Indemnification of Trustees and Officers
11
Section 3
Indemnification of Shareholders
12
ARTICLE XII Underwriting Arrangements
12
ARTICLE XIII Report to Shareholders
13
ARTICLE XIV Certain Transactions
13
Section 1
Long and Short Positions
13
Section 2
Loans of Trust Assets
13
Section 3
Miscellaneous
13
ARTICLE XV Amendments
14
ii
AMENDED AND RESTATED
BY-LAWS
OF
EATON VANCE INVESTMENT TRUST
________________________
These Amended and Restated By-Laws are made and adopted as of April 23, 2012 pursuant to Section 2.5 of Article II of the Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust of EATON VANCE INVESTMENT TRUST (the Trust), dated January 11, 1993 as from time to time amended (the Declaration of Trust). All words and terms capitalized in these By-Laws shall have the meaning or meanings set forth for such words or terms in the Declaration of Trust.
ARTICLE I
The Trustees
SECTION 1. Election and Term of Office. The Trustees named in the Preamble of the Declaration of Trust and any additional Trustees appointed pursuant to Section 4 of this Article I, shall serve as Trustees during the lifetime of the Trust, except as otherwise provided below.
SECTION 2. Number of Trustees. The number of Trustees shall be fixed by the Trustees, provided, however, that such number shall at no time exceed eighteen.
SECTION 3. Resignation and Removal. Any Trustee may resign his trust by written instrument signed by him and delivered to the other Trustees, which shall take effect upon such delivery or upon such later date as is specified therein. Any Trustee who requests in writing to be retired or who has become incapacitated by illness or injury may be retired by written instruments signed by a majority of the other Trustees, specifying the date of his retirement. Any Trustee may be removed with or without cause, by (i) the affirmative vote of holders of two-thirds of the Shares or, (ii) the affirmative vote of, or written instrument, signed by at least two-thirds of the remaining Trustees prior to such removal, specifying the date when such removal shall become effective, provided, however, that the removal of any Trustee who is not an Interested Person of the Trust shall additionally require the affirmative vote of, or a written instrument executed by, at least two-thirds of the remaining Trustees who are not Interested Persons of the Trust.
No natural person shall serve as a Trustee of the Trust after the holders of record of not less than two-thirds of the outstanding shares of beneficial interest of the Trust (the shares) have declared that he be removed from that office by a declaration in writing signed by such holders and filed with the Custodian of the assets of the Trust or by votes cast by such holders in person or by proxy at a meeting called for the purpose. Solicitation of such a declaration shall be deemed a solicitation of a proxy within the meaning of Section 20(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. As used herein, the term Act shall mean the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the rules and regulations thereunder, as amended from time to time.
1
The Trustees of the Trust shall promptly call a meeting of the shareholders for the purpose of voting upon a question of removal of any such Trustee or Trustees when requested in writing so to do by the record holders of not less than 10 per centum of the outstanding shares.
Whenever ten or more shareholders of record of the Trust who have been such for at least six months preceding the date of application, and who hold in the aggregate either shares having a net asset value of at least $25,000 or at least 1 per centum of the outstanding shares, whichever is less, shall apply to the Trustees in writing, stating that they wish to communicate with other shareholders with a view to obtaining signatures to a request for a meeting of shareholders pursuant to this Section 3 and accompanied by a form of communication and request which they wish to transmit, the Trustees shall within five business days after receipt of such application either
(1) afford to such applicants access to a list of the names and addresses of all shareholders as recorded on the books of the Trust; or
(2) inform such applicants as to the approximate number of shareholders of record, and the approximate cost of mailing to them the proposed communication and form of request.
If the Trustees elect to follow the course specified in subparagraph (2) above of this Section 3, the Trustees, upon the written request of such applicants, accompanied by a tender of the material to be mailed and of the reasonable expenses of mailing, shall, with reasonable promptness, mail such material to all shareholders of record at their addresses as recorded on the books, unless within five business days after such tender the Trustees shall mail to such applicants and file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the Commission), together with a copy of the material to be mailed, a written statement signed by at least a majority of the Trustees to the effect that in their opinion either such material contains untrue statements of fact or omits to state facts necessary to make the statements contained therein not misleading, or would violate applicable law, and specifying the basis of such opinion.
After the Commission has had an opportunity for hearing upon the objections specified in the written statement so filed by the Trustees, the Trustees or such applicants may demand that the Commission enter an order either sustaining one or more of such objections or refusing to sustain any of such objections. If the Commission shall enter an order refusing to sustain any of such objections, or if, after the entry of an order sustaining one or more of such objections, the Commission shall find, after notice and opportunity for hearing, that all objections so sustained have been met, and shall enter an order so declaring, the Trustees shall mail copies of such material to all shareholders with reasonable promptness after the entry of such order and the renewal of such tender.
Until such provisions become null, void, inoperative and removed from these By-Laws pursuant to the next sentence, the provisions of all but the first paragraph of this Section 3 may not be amended or repealed without the vote of a majority of the Trustees and a majority of the outstanding shares of the Trust. These same provisions shall be deemed null, void, inoperative and removed from these By-Laws upon the effectiveness of any amendment to the Act which eliminates them from Section 16 of the Act or the effectiveness of any successor Federal law governing the operation of the Trust which does not contain such provisions.
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SECTION 4. Vacancies. The term of office of a Trustee shall terminate and a vacancy shall occur in the event of the declination, death, resignation, retirement, removal, adjudicated incompetence, or other incapacity to perform the duties of the office, or removal, of a Trustee. No such vacancy shall operate to annul these By-Laws or to revoke any existing agency created pursuant to the terms of these By-Laws. In the case of a vacancy, including a vacancy resulting from an increase in the number of Trustees, such vacancy may be filled by (i) holders of a plurality of the Shares entitled to vote, acting at any meeting of holders held in accordance with the By-Laws, or (ii) to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, the vote of a majority of the Trustees. As soon as any Trustee so appointed shall have accepted this trust, the trust estate shall vest in the new Trustee or Trustees, together with the continuing Trustees, without any further act or conveyance, and he shall be deemed a Trustee hereunder and under the Declaration of Trust. The power of appointment is subject to the provisions of Section l6(a) of the Act. Any Trustee so elected by the holders or appointed by the Trustees shall hold office as provided in these By-Laws.
SECTION 5. Temporary Absence of Trustee. Any Trustee may, by power of attorney, delegate his power for a period not exceeding six months at an one time to any other Trustee or Trustees, provided that in no case shall less than two Trustees personally exercise the other powers hereunder except as herein otherwise expressly provided.
SECTION 6. Effect of Death, Resignation, Removal, Etc. of a Trustee. The death, declination, resignation, retirement, removal, or incapacity of the Trustees, or anyone of them, shall not operate to annul the Trust or to revoke any existing agency created pursuant to the terms of the Declaration of Trust or these By-Laws.
ARTICLE II
Officers and Their Election
SECTION 1. Officers. The officers of the Trust shall be a President, a Treasurer, a Secretary, and such other officers or agents as the Trustees may from time to time elect. It shall not be necessary for any Trustee or other officer to be a holder of shares in the Trust.
SECTION 2. Election of Officers. The President, Treasurer and Secretary shall be chosen annually by the Trustees.
Except for the offices of President and Secretary, two or more offices may be held by a single person. The officers shall hold office until their successors are chosen and qualified.
SECTION 3. Resignations and Removals. Any officer of the Trust may resign by filing a written resignation with the President or with the Trustees or with the Secretary, which shall take effect on being so filed or at such time as may otherwise be specified therein. The Trustees may at any meeting remove an officer.
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ARTICLE III
Powers and Duties of Trustees and Officers
SECTION 1. Trustees. The business and affairs of the Trust shall be managed by the Trustees, and they shall have all powers necessary and desirable to carry out that responsibility, so far as such powers are not inconsistent with the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, the Declaration of Trust, or these By-Laws.
SECTION 2. Executive and other Committees. The Trustees may elect from their own number an executive committee to consist of not less than three nor more than five members, which shall have the power and duty to conduct the current and ordinary business of the Trust, including the purchase and sale of securities, while the Trustees are not in session, and such other powers and duties as the Trustees may from time to time delegate to such committee. The Trustees may also elect from their own number other committees from time to time, the number composing such committees and the powers conferred upon the same to be determined by the Trustees.
Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Trustees may appoint a committee consisting of less than the whole number of Trustees then in office, which committee may be empowered to act for and bind the Trustees and the Trust, as if the acts of such committee were the acts of all the Trustees then in office, with respect to the institution, prosecution, dismissal, settlement, review, investigation or other disposition of any dispute, claim, action, suit or proceeding which shall be pending or threatened to be brought before any court, administrative agency or other adjudicatory body.
SECTION 3. Chairman of the Trustees . The Trustees may appoint from among their number a Chairman. The Chairman shall preside at meetings of the Trustees and may call meetings of the Trustees and of any committee thereof whenever he deems it necessary or desirable to do so. The Chairman may in his discretion preside at any meeting of the shareholders, and may delegate such authority to another Trustee or officer of the Trust. The Chairman shall exercise and perform such additional powers and duties as from time to time may be assigned to him by the Trustees, and shall have the resources and authority appropriate to discharge the responsibilities of the office. A Trustee elected or appointed as Chairman shall not be considered an officer of the Trust by virtue of such election or appointment.
SECTION 4. President . Subject to such supervisory powers, if any, as may be given by the Trustees to the Chairman of the Trustees, the President shall be the chief executive officer of the Trust and subject to the control of the Trustees, he shall have general supervision, direction and control of the business of the Trust and of its employees and shall exercise such general powers of management as are usually vested in the office of President of a corporation. In the event that the Chairman does not preside at a meeting of shareholders or delegate such power and authority to another Trustee or officer of the Fund, the President or his designee shall preside at such meeting. He shall have the power to employ attorneys and counsel for the Trust and to employ such subordinate officers, agents, clerks and employees as he may find necessary to transact the business of the Trust. He shall also have the power to grant, issue, execute or sign such powers of attorney, proxies, contracts, agreements or other documents as may be deemed advisable or necessary in furtherance of the interests of the Trust. The President shall have such other powers and duties as, from time to time, may be conferred upon or assigned to him by the Trustees.
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SECTION 5. Treasurer. The Treasurer shall be the principal financial and accounting officer of the Trust. He shall deliver all funds and securities of the Trust which may come into his hands to such bank or trust company as the Trustees shall employ as custodian in accordance with Article III of the Declaration of Trust. He shall make annual reports in writing of the business conditions of the Trust, which reports shall be preserved upon its records, and he shall furnish such other reports regarding the business and condition as the Trustees may from time to time require. The Treasurer shall perform such duties additional to foregoing as the Trustees may from time to time designate.
SECTION 6. Secretary. The Secretary shall record in books kept for the purpose all votes and proceedings of the Trustees and the shareholders at their respective meetings. He shall have custody of the seal, if any, of the Trust and shall perform such duties additional to the foregoing as the Trustees may from time to time designate.
SECTION 7. Other Officers . Other officers elected by the Trustees shall perform such duties as the Trustees may from time to time designate, including executing or signing such powers of attorney, proxies, contracts, agreements or other documents as may be deemed advisable or necessary in furtherance of the interests of the Trust.
SECTION 8. Compensation. The Trustees and officers of the Trust may receive such reasonable compensation from the Trust for the performance of their duties as the Trustees may from time to time determine.
ARTICLE IV
Meetings of Shareholders
SECTION 1. Meetings. No annual or regular meetings of shareholders shall be required and none shall be held. Meetings of the shareholders of the Trust (or any Series or Class) may be called at any time by the President, and shall be called by the President or the Secretary at the request, in writing or by resolution, of a majority of the Trustees, or at the written request of the holder or holders of ten percent (10%) or more of the total number of the then issued and outstanding shares of the Trust entitled to vote at such meeting. Any such request shall state the purposes of the proposed meeting.
SECTION 2. Place of Meetings. Meetings of the shareholders shall be held at the principal place of business of the Trust in Boston, Massachusetts, unless a different place within the United States is designated by the Trustees and stated as specified in the respective notices or waivers of notice with respect thereto.
SECTION 3. Notice of Meetings. Notice of all meetings of the shareholders, stating the time, place and the purposes for which the meetings are called, shall be given by the Secretary to each shareholder entitled to vote thereat, and to each shareholder who under the By-Laws is entitled to such notice, by mailing the same postage paid, addressed to him at his address as it appears upon the books of the Trust, at least seven (7) days before the time fixed for the meeting, and the person giving such notice shall make an affidavit with respect thereto. If any shareholder shall have failed to inform the Trust of his post office address, no notice need be sent to him. No notice need be given to any shareholder if a written waiver of notice, executed before or after the meeting by the shareholder or his attorney thereunto authorized, is filed with the records of the meeting.
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SECTION 4. Quorum. Except as otherwise provided by law, to constitute a quorum for the transaction of any business at any meeting of shareholders, there must be present, in person or by proxy, holders of one-third (1/3) of the total number of shares of the then issued and outstanding shares of the Trust entitled to vote at such meeting; provided that if a class (or series) of shares is entitled to vote as a separate class (or series) on any matter, then in the case of that matter a quorum shall consist of the holders of one-third (1/3) of the total number of shares of the then issued and outstanding shares of that class (or series) entitled to vote at the meeting. Shares owned directly or indirectly by the Trust, if any, shall not be deemed outstanding for this purpose.
If a quorum, as above defined, shall not be present for the purpose of any vote that may properly come before any meeting of shareholders at the time and place of any meeting, the shareholders present in person or by proxy and entitled to vote at such meeting on such matter holding a majority of the shares present and entitled to vote on such matter may by vote adjourn the meeting from time to time to be held at the same place without further notice than by announcement to be given at the meeting until a quorum, as above defined, entitled to vote on such matter, shall be present, whereupon any such matter may be voted upon at the meeting as though held when originally convened.
SECTION 5. Voting. At each meeting of the shareholders every shareholder of the Trust shall be entitled to one (1) vote in person or by proxy for each of the then issued and outstanding shares of the Trust then having voting power in respect of the matter upon which the vote is to be taken, standing in his name on the books of the Trust at the time of the closing of the transfer books for the meeting, or, if the books be not closed for any meeting, on the record date fixed as provided in Section 4 of Article VI of these By-Laws for determining the shareholders entitled to vote at such meeting, or if the books be not closed and no record date be fixed, at the time of the meeting. The record holder of a fraction of a share shall be entitled in like manner to a corresponding fraction of a vote. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Trustees may, in connection with the establishment of any class (or series) of shares or in proxy materials for any meeting of shareholders or in other solicitation materials or by vote or other action duly taken by them, establish conditions under which the several classes (or series) shall have separate voting rights or no voting rights.
All elections of Trustees shall be conducted in any manner approved at the meeting of the shareholders at which said election is held, and shall be by ballot if so requested by any shareholder entitled to vote thereon. The persons receiving the greatest number of votes shall be deemed and declared elected. Except as otherwise required by law or by the Declaration of Trust or by these By-Laws, all matters shall be decided by a majority of the votes cast, as hereinabove provided, by persons present at the meeting and (or represented by proxy) entitled to vote thereon. With respect to the submission of a management or investment advisory contract or a change in investment policy to the shareholders for any shareholder approval required by the Act, such matter shall be deemed to have been effectively acted upon with respect to any series of shares if the holders of the lesser of
(i) 67 per centum or more of the shares of that series present or represented at the meeting if the holders of more than 50 per centum of the outstanding shares of that series are present or represented by proxy at the meeting or
(ii) more than 50 per centum of the outstanding shares of that series
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vote for the approval of such matter, notwithstanding (a) that such matter has not been approved by the holders of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of any other series affected by such matter (as described in Rule 18f-2 under the Act) or (b) that such matter has not been approved by the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust (as defined in the Act).
SECTION 6. Proxies. Any shareholder entitled to vote upon any matter at any meeting of the shareholders may so vote by proxy, provided that such proxy is authorized to act by (i) a written instrument, dated not more than six months before the meeting and executed either by the shareholder or by his or her duly authorized attorney in fact (who may be so authorized by a writing or by any non-written means permitted by the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts) or (ii) such electronic, telephonic, computerized or other alternative means as may be approved by a resolution adopted by the Trustees, which authorization is received not more than six months before the initial session of the meeting. Proxies shall be delivered to the Secretary of the Trust or other person responsible for recording the proceedings before being voted. A proxy with respect to shares held in the name of two or more persons shall be valid if executed by one of them unless at or prior to exercise of such proxy the Trust receives a specific written notice to the contrary from any one of them. Unless otherwise specifically limited by their terms, proxies shall entitle the holder thereof to vote at any adjournment of a meeting. A proxy purporting to be exercised by or on behalf of a shareholder shall be deemed valid unless challenged at or prior to its exercise and the burden of proving invalidity shall rest on the challenger. At all meetings of the shareholders, unless the voting is conducted by inspectors, all questions relating to the qualifications of voters, the validity of proxies, and the acceptance or rejection of votes shall be decided by the chairman of the meeting.
SECTION 7. Consents. Any action which may be taken by shareholders may be taken without a meeting if a majority of shareholders entitled to vote on the matter (or such larger proportion thereof as shall be required by law, the Declaration of Trust or these By-Laws for approval of such matter) consent to the action in writing and the written consents are filed with the records of the meetings of shareholders. Such consents shall be treated for all purposes as a vote taken at a meeting of shareholders.
ARTICLE V
Trustees Meetings
SECTION 1. Meetings. The Trustees may in their discretion provide for regular or stated meetings of the Trustees. Meetings of the Trustees other than regular or stated meetings shall be held whenever called by the Chairman, President or by any other Trustee at the time being in office. Any or all of the Trustees may participate in a meeting by means of a conference telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other at the same time, and participation by such means shall constitute presence in person at a meeting.
SECTION 2. Notices. Notice of regular or stated meetings need not be given. Notice of the time and place of each meeting other than regular or stated meetings shall be given by the Secretary or by the Trustee calling the meeting and shall be mailed to each Trustee at least two (2) days before the meeting, or shall be telegraphed, cabled, or wirelessed to each Trustee at his business address or personally delivered to him at least one (1) day before the meeting. Such notice may, however, be waived by all the Trustees. Notice of a meeting need not be given to any Trustee if a written
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waiver of notice, executed by him before or after the meeting, is filed with the records of the meeting, or to any Trustee who attends the meeting without protesting prior thereto or at its commencement the lack of notice to him. A notice or waiver of notice need not specify the purpose of any special meeting.
SECTION 3. Consents . Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Trustees may be taken by the Trustees without a meeting if a written consent thereto is signed by a majority of the Trustees and filed with the records of the Trustees' meetings. A Trustee may deliver his consent to the Trust by facsimile machine or other electronic communication equipment. Such consent shall be treated as a vote at a meeting for all purposes.
SECTION 4. Place of Meetings. The Trustees may hold their meetings within or without the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
SECTION 5. Quorum and Manner of Acting. A majority of the Trustees in office shall be present in person at any regular stated or special meeting of the Trustees in order to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at such meeting and (except as otherwise required by the Declaration of Trust, by these By-Laws or by statute) the act of a majority of the Trustees present at any such meeting, at which a quorum is present, shall be the act of the Trustees. In the absence of quorum, a majority of the Trustees present may adjourn the meeting from time to time until a quorum shall be present. Notice of any adjourned meeting need not be given.
ARTICLE VI
Shares of Beneficial Interest
SECTION 1. Certificates for Shares of Beneficial Interest. Certificates for shares of beneficial interest of any series of shares of the Trust, if issued, shall be in such form as shall be approved by the Trustees. They shall be signed by, or in the name of, the Trust by the President and by the Treasurer and may, but need not be, sealed with seal of the Trust; provided, however, that where such certificate is signed by a transfer agent or a transfer clerk acting on behalf of the Trust or a registrar other than a Trustee, officer or employee of the Trust, the signature of the President or Treasurer and the seal may be facsimile. In case any officer or officers who shall have signed, or whose facsimile signature or signatures shall have been used on any such certificate or certificates, shall cease to be such officer or officers of the Trust whether because of death, resignation or otherwise, before such certificate or certificates shall have been delivered by the Trust, such certificate or certificates may nevertheless be adopted by the Trust and be issued and delivered as though the person or persons who signed such certificate or certificates or whose facsimile signatures shall have been used thereon had not ceased to be such officer or officers of the Trust.
SECTION 2. Transfer of Shares. Transfers of shares of beneficial interest of any series of shares of the Trust shall be made only on the books of the Trust by the owner thereof or by his attorney thereunto authorized by a power of attorney duly executed and filed with the Secretary or a transfer agent, and only upon the surrender of any certificate or certificates for such shares. The Trust shall not impose any restrictions upon the transfer of the shares of any series of the Trust, but this requirement shall not prevent the charging of customary transfer agent fees.
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SECTION 3. Transfer Agent and Registrar; Regulations. The Trust shall, if and whenever the Trustees shall so determine, maintain one or more transfer offices or agencies, each in the charge of a transfer agent designated by the Trustees, where the shares of beneficial interest of the Trust shall be directly transferable. The Trust shall, if and whenever the Trustees shall so determine, maintain one or more registry offices, each in the charge of a registrar designated by the Trustees, where such shares shall be registered, and no certificate for shares of the Trust in respect of which a transfer agent and/or registrar shall have been designated shall be valid unless countersigned by such transfer agent and/or registered by such registrar. The principal transfer agent may be located within or without the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and shall have charge of the share transfer books, lists and records, which shall be kept within or without Massachusetts in an office which shall be deemed to be the share transfer office of the Trust. The Trustees may also make such additional rules and regulations as it may deem expedient concerning the issue, transfer and registration of certificates for shares of the Trust.
SECTION 4. Closing of Transfer Books and Fixing Record Date . The Trustees may fix in advance a time which shall be not more than ninety (90) days before the date of any meeting of shareholders, or the date for the payment of any dividend or the making of any distribution to shareholders or the last day on which the consent or dissent of shareholders may be effectively expressed for any purpose, as the record date for determining the shareholders having the right to notice of and to vote at such meeting, and any adjournment thereof, or the right to receive such dividend or distribution or the right to give such consent or dissent, and in such case only shareholders of record on such record date shall have such right, notwithstanding any transfer of shares on the books of the Trust after the record date. The Trustees may, without fixing such record date, close the transfer books for all or any part of such period for any of the foregoing purposes.
SECTION 5. Lost, Destroyed or Mutilated Certificates. The holder of any shares of a series of the Trust shall immediately notify the Trust of any loss, destruction or mutilation of the certificate therefor, and the Trustees may, in their discretion, cause a new certificate or certificates to be issued to him, in case of mutilation of the certificate, upon the surrender of the mutilated certificate, or, in case of loss or destruction of the certificate, upon satisfactory proof of such loss or destruction and, in any case, if the Trustees shall so determine, upon the delivery of a bond in such form and in such sum and with such surety or sureties as the Trustees may direct, to indemnify the Trust against any claim that may be made against it on account of the alleged loss or destruction of any such certificate.
SECTION 6. Record Owner of Shares. The Trust shall be entitled to treat the person in whose name any share of a series of the Trust is registered on the books of the Trust as the owner thereof, and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or shares on the part of any other person.
ARTICLE VII
Fiscal Year
The fiscal year of the Trust shall end on such date as the Trustees may, from time to time, determine.
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ARTICLE VIII
Seal
The Trustees may adopt a seal of the Trust which shall be in such form and shall have such inscription thereon as the Trustees may from time to time prescribe.
ARTICLE IX
Inspection of Books
The Trustees shall from time to time determine whether and to what extent, and at what times and places, and under what conditions and regulations the accounts and books of the Trust or any of them shall be open to the inspection of the shareholders; and no shareholder shall have any right of inspecting any account or book or document of the Trust except as conferred by law or authorized by the Trustees or by resolution of the shareholders.
ARTICLE X
Custodian
The following provisions shall apply to the employment of a Custodian pursuant to Article III of the Declaration of Trust and to any contract entered into with the Custodian so employed:
(a)
The Trustees shall cause to be delivered to the Custodian all securities owned by the Trust or to which it may become entitled, and shall order the same to be delivered by the Custodian only in completion of a sale, exchange, transfer, pledge, loan, or other disposition thereof, against receipt by the Custodian of the consideration therefor or a certificate of deposit or a receipt of an issuer or of its transfer agent, or to a securities depository as defined in Rule 17f-4 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, all as the Trustees may generally or from time to time require or approve, or to a successor Custodian; and the Trustees shall cause all funds owned by the Trust or to which it may become entitled to be paid to the Custodian, and shall order the same disbursed only for investment against delivery of the securities acquired, or in payment of expenses, including management compensation, and liabilities of the Trust, including distributions to shareholders, or to a successor Custodian.
(b)
In case of the resignation, removal or inability to serve of any such Custodian, the Trustees shall promptly appoint another bank or trust company meeting the requirements of said Article III as successor Custodian. The agreement with the Custodian shall provide that the retiring Custodian shall, upon receipt of notice of such appointment, deliver the funds and property of the Trust in its possession to and only to such successor, and that pending appointment of a successor Custodian, or a vote of the shareholders to function without a Custodian, the Custodian shall not deliver funds and property of the Trust to the Trustees, but may deliver them to a bank or trust company doing business in Boston, Massachusetts, of its own
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selection, having an aggregate capital, surplus and undivided profits, as shown by its last published report, of not less than $2,000,000, as the property of the Trust to be held under terms similar to those on which they were held by the retiring Custodian.
ARTICLE XI
Limitation of Liability and Indemnification
SECTION 1. Limitation of Liability. Provided they have exercised reasonable care and have acted under the reasonable belief that their actions are in the best interest of the Trust, the Trustees shall not be responsible for or liable in any event for neglect or wrongdoing of them or any officer, agent, employee or investment adviser of the Trust, but nothing contained in the Declaration of Trust or herein shall protect any Trustee against any liability to which he would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office.
SECTION 2. Indemnification of Trustees and Officers. Subject to the exceptions and limitations contained in this section, every person who is or has been a Trustee, or officer, of the Trust, or, at the Trusts request , serves, or has served, as a, director, trustee or officer, of another organization in which the Trust has an interest as a shareholder, creditor or otherwise (hereinafter referred to as a Covered Person), shall be indemnified by the Trust to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, as in effect from time to time (Applicable Law), against any and all liabilities and expenses, including amounts paid in satisfaction of judgments, in compromise or settlement, or as fines and penalties, and counsel, fees, incurred by or for such Covered Person in connection with the preparation for, defense or disposition of, any claim, demand, action , suit, investigation, inquiry or proceeding of any every kind, whether actual or threatened (collectively, a Claim), in which such Covered Person becomes involved as a party or otherwise by virtue of being or having been a Covered Person. No indemnification shall be provided hereunder to a Covered Person to the extent such indemnification is prohibited by Applicable Law. In no event shall the Trust be obligated to indemnify a Covered Person against liabilities to the Trust or any shareholder to which such Covered Person would otherwise be subject by reason of the willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of such Covered Persons office (collectively, Disabling Conduct).
The rights of indemnification herein provided may be insured against by policies maintained by the Trust, shall be severable, shall not affect any other rights to which any Covered Person may now or hereafter be entitled and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators such Covered Person incurred by or for a Covered Person in connection with Claim for which Covered Person is entitled to indemnification by the Trust prior to final disposition thereof upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the Covered Person to repay such amount if it is ultimately determined that such Covered Person is not entitled to indemnification by the Trust.
The obligation of the Trust to indemnify a Covered person and/or make advances for the payment of expenses incurred by or for such Covered Person under this section may be made subject to conditions and procedures as the Trustees determine are necessary or appropriate to protect the Trust from the risk that a Covered person will ultimately be determined to be not entitled to indemnification hereunder. Except as otherwise provided in such conditions and procedures, the
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Covered Person shall be entitled to the benefit of a rebuttable presumption that the Covered Person has not engaged in Disabling conduct and that the Covered Person is entitled to indemnification hereunder.
Nothing contained in this section shall affect any rights to indemnification to which any Covered Person or other person may be entitled by contract or otherwise under law or prevent the Trust from entered into any contract to provide indemnification to any covered Person or other person. Without limiting the foregoing, the Trust may, in connection with the acquisition of assets subject to liabilities or a merger or consolidation, assume the obligation to indemnify any person including a Covered Person or otherwise contract to provide such indemnification, and such indemnification shall not be subject to the terms of this Section.
SECTION 3. Indemnification of Shareholders. In case any shareholder or former shareholder shall be held to be personally liable solely by reason of his being or having been a shareholder and not because of his acts or omissions or for some other reason, the shareholder or former shareholder (or his heirs, executors, administrators or other legal representatives or, in the case of a corporation or other entity, its corporate or other general successor) shall be entitled out of the Trust estate to be held harmless from and indemnified against all loss and expense arising from such liability. The Trust shall, upon request by the shareholder, assume the defense of any claim made against any shareholder for any act or obligation of the Trust and satisfy any judgment thereon. A holder of shares of a series shall be entitled to indemnification hereunder only out of assets allocated to that series.
ARTICLE XII
Underwriting Arrangements
Any contract entered into for the sale of shares of the Trust pursuant to Article III, Section 1 of the Declaration of Trust shall require the other party thereto (hereinafter called the underwriter) whether acting as principal or as agent to use all reasonable efforts, consistent with the other business of the underwriter, to secure purchasers for the shares of the Trust.
The underwriter may be granted the right
(a)
To purchase as principal, from the Trust, at not less than net asset value per share, the shares needed, but no more than the shares needed (except for clerical errors and errors of transmission), to fill unconditional orders for shares of the Trust received by the underwriter.
(b)
To purchase as principal, from shareholders of the Trust at not less than net asset value per share (minus any applicable sales charge payable upon redemption or repurchase of shares) such shares as may be presented to the Trust, or the transfer agent of the Trust, for redemption and as may be determined by the underwriter in its sole discretion.
(c)
to resell any such shares purchased at not less than net asset value per share (minus any applicable sales charge payable upon redemption or repurchase of shares).
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ARTICLE XIII
Report to Shareholders
The Trustees shall at least semi-annually submit to the shareholders a written financial report of the transactions of the Trust including financial statements which shall at least annually be certified by independent public accountants.
ARTICLE XIV
Certain Transactions
SECTION 1. Long and Short Positions. Except as hereinafter provided, no officer or Trustee of the Trust and no partner, officer, director or share holder of the manager or investment adviser of the Trust or of the underwriter of the Trust, and no manager or investment adviser or underwriter of the Trust, shall take long or short positions in the securities issued by the Trust.
(a)
The foregoing provision shall not prevent the underwriter from purchasing shares of the Trust from the Trust if such purchases are limited (except for reasonable allowances for clerical errors, delays and errors of transmission and cancellation of orders) to purchases for the purpose of filling orders for such shares received by the underwriter, and provided that orders to purchase from the Trust are entered with the Trust or the Custodian promptly upon receipt by the underwriter of purchase orders for such shares, unless the underwriter is otherwise instructed by its customer.
(b)
The foregoing provision shall not prevent the underwriter from purchasing shares of the Trust as agent for the account of the Trust.
(c)
The foregoing provision shall not prevent the purchase from the Trust or from the underwriter of shares issued by the Trust by any officer or Trustee of the Trust or by any partner, officer, director or shareholder of the manager or investment adviser of the Trust at the price available to the public generally at the moment of such purchase or, to the extent that any such person is a shareholder, at the price available to shareholders of the Trust generally at the moment of such purchase, or as described in the current Prospectus of the Trust.
SECTION 2. Loans of Trust Assets. The Trust shall not lend assets of the Trust to any officer or Trustee of the Trust, or to any partner, officer, director or shareholder of, or person financially interested in, the manager or investment adviser of the Trust, or the underwriter of the Trust, or to the manager or investment adviser of the Trust or to the underwriter of the Trust.
SECTION 3. Miscellaneous . The Trust shall not permit any officer or Trustee, or any officer or director of the manager or investment adviser or underwriter of the Trust, to deal for or on behalf of the Trust with himself as principal or agent, or with any partnership, association or corporation in which he has a financial interest; provided that the foregoing provisions shall not prevent (i) officers and Trustees of the Trust from buying, holding or selling shares in the Trust, or from being partners, officers or directors of or otherwise financially interested in the manager or investment adviser or
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underwriter of the Trust; (ii) purchases or sales of securities or other property by the Trust from or to an affiliated person or to the manager or investment adviser or underwriter of the Trust if such transaction is exempt from the applicable provisions of the Act; (iii) purchases of investments from the portfolio of the Trust or sales of investments owned by the Trust through a security dealer who is, or one or more of whose partners, shareholders, officers or directors is, an officer or Trustee of the Trust, if such transactions are handled in the capacity of broker only and commissions charged do not exceed customary brokerage charges for such services; (iv) employment of legal counsel, registrar, transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent or custodian who is, or has a partner, shareholder, officer or director who is, an officer or Trustee of the Trust if only customary fees are charged for services to the Trust; (v) sharing statistical, research, legal and management expenses and office hire and expenses with any other investment company in which an officer or Trustee of the Trust is an officer, trustee or director of the Trust or of the manager or investment adviser of the Trust, unless such purchase would violate the Trusts investment policies or restrictions.
References to the manager or investment adviser of the Trust contained in this Article XIV shall also be deemed to refer to any sub-adviser appointed in accordance with Article III, Section 2 of the Declaration of Trust.
ARTICLE XV
Amendments
Except as provided in Section 3 of Article I of these By-Laws for the portions of such Section 3 referred to therein, these By-Laws may be amended at any meeting of the Trustees by a vote of a majority of the Trustees then in office.
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EXHIBIT (i)(2)
CONSENT OF COUNSEL
I consent to the incorporation by reference in this Post-Effective Amendment No. 60 to the Registration Statement of Eaton Vance Investment Trust (1933 Act File No. 33-1121) of my opinion dated July 27, 2010, which was filed as Exhibit (i) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 57.
/s/ Kathryn A. McElroy
Kathryn A. McElroy, Esq.
July 26, 2012
Boston, Massachusetts
EXHIBIT (j)
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We consent to the incorporation by reference in this Post-Effective Amendment No. 60 to Registration Statement No. 033-01121 on Form N-1A of our reports dated as indicated on the attached Appendix A relating to the financial statements and financial highlights of the Funds listed on the attached Appendix A, certain of the Funds constituting Eaton Vance Investment Trust (the “ Trust ” ), appearing in the Annual Report on Form N-CSR of the Trust for the year ended March 31, 2012, and to the references to us under the headings “ Financial Highlights ” in the Prospectus and “ Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm ” and “ Financial Statements ” in the Statement of Additional Information, which are part of such Registration Statement.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Boston, Massachusetts
July 26, 2012
EXHIBIT (j)
Appendix A
Report Date
Fund
May 18, 2012
Eaton Vance AMT-Free Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund
May 18, 2012
Eaton Vance National Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund
May 17, 2012
Eaton Vance Massachusetts Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund
May 17, 2012
Eaton Vance New York Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund
May 17, 2012
Eaton Vance Pennsylvania Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund
EXHIBIT (q)(7)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Scott E. Eston and Harriett Tee Taggart, as Trustees of the following trusts, each a Massachusetts business trust (the Portfolio), do hereby severally constitute and appoint Thomas E. Faust Jr., Maureen A. Gemma, Barbara E. Campbell or Deidre E. Walsh, or any of them, to be true, sufficient and lawful attorneys, or attorney, to sign for each of us, in the name of each of us in the capacity indicated below, any Registration Statement and any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to a Registration Statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on behalf of each of the respective Portfolios listed below, in respect of shares of beneficial interest and other documents and papers relating thereto:
Portfolio |
Trust |
Asian Small Companies Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Growth Trust |
Boston Income Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
|
Eaton Vance Series Trust II |
Build America Bond Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
Cash Management Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
Dividend Builder Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust |
Emerging Markets Local Income Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
Floating Rate Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
|
Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust |
Focused Growth Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Growth Trust |
Global Dividend Income Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
Global Growth Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Growth Trust |
Global Macro Absolute Return Advantage Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
Global Macro Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
Global Opportunities Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
Government Obligations Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
Greater China Growth Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Growth Trust |
Greater India Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust |
High Income Opportunities Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
Inflation-Linked Securities Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust |
International Equity Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
International Income Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
Investment Grade Income Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
|
Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust |
Large-Cap Core Research Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
|
Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust |
Large-Cap Growth Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust |
Large-Cap Value Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust |
MSAM Completion Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
MSAR Completion Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
Multi-Cap Growth Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Growth Trust |
|
Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust |
Multi-Sector Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
Parametric Structured Absolute Return Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
Senior Debt Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
Short-Term U.S. Government Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
|
Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust |
Small-Cap Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust |
SMID-Cap Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Growth Trust |
|
Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust |
Special Equities Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust |
Tax-Managed Growth Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
|
Eaton Vance Series Trust |
Tax-Managed International Equity Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
Tax-Managed Mid-Cap Core Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
Tax-Managed Multi-Cap Growth Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
Tax-Managed Small-Cap Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
Tax-Managed Small-Cap Value Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
Tax-Managed Value Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
Worldwide Health Sciences Portfolio |
Eaton Vance Growth Trust |
EXHIBIT (q)(8)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Scott E. Eston and Harriett Tee Taggart, as Trustees of the following trusts, each a Massachusetts business trust (the Trust), do hereby severally constitute and appoint Thomas E. Faust Jr., Maureen A. Gemma, Barbara E. Campbell or Deidre E. Walsh, or any of them, to be true, sufficient and lawful attorneys, or attorney, to sign for each of us, in the name of each of us in the capacity indicated below, any Registration Statement and any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to a Registration Statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on behalf of each of the respective Trusts listed below, in respect of shares of beneficial interest and other documents and papers relating thereto:
IN WITNESS WHEREOF We have hereunto set our hands on the date set opposite our respective signatures.
Signature |
Title |
Date |
/s/ Scott E. Eston Scott E. Eston |
Trustee |
October 17, 2011 |
/s/ Harriett Tee Taggart Harriett Tee Taggart |
Trustee |
October 17, 2011 |
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